GENRE THE ENGLISH TEXT TYPE

Disampaikan pada BINTEK BAHASA INGGRIS Di UNNES SEMARANG

Oleh Nikmah Nurbaity SPd baity1968@yahoo.com http://baity15.blogspot.com

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris: siswa mampu berkomunikasi lisan dan tulis dalam bahasa Inggris yang direalisasikan dalam 4 skill berbahasa: listening, speaking, reading dan writing PETA MATERI Percakapan transaksional/ interpersonal: Teks fungsional pendek Monolog / esei * linguistic features * vocabulary

KELAS X SEMESTER I
Percakapan
Berkenalan berpisah berpisah Ajakan Tawaran Undangan Janji rasabahagia Perhatian simpati instruksi

TeksFungsional P
iklan pengumuman undangan

Monolog
RECOUNT NARRATIVE PROCEDURE

KELAS X SEMESTER II
Percakapan
Berterimakasih Memuji Mengucapkan: selamat Terkejut Tak percaya Menerima: Undangan Tawaran ajakan

Teks Fungsional P
Pengumuman Iklan Undangan dll

Monolog
NARRATIVE DESCRIPTIVE NEWS ITEM

KELAS XI SEMESTER I
Percakapan
Pendapat Puas Tidak puas Menasihati Memperingatkan Meluluskan : Permintaan Menyatakan : Relief Pain pleasure

Teks Fungsional
Banner Poster pamphlet dll

Monolog
REPORT NARRATIVE ANALYTICAL Eksposition

KELAS XI SEMESTER II
Percakapan Menyatakan: Sikap Cinta Sedih Malu Marah jengkel Teks Fungsional P Banner poster pamphlet dll Monolog NARRATIVE SPOOF HORTATORY Eksposition

KELAS XII SEMESTER I

Percakapan
Mengusulkan Memohon Mengeluh Kemungkinan Memerintah Mengakui kesalahan Berjanji Menyalahkan Menuduh keingintahuan Hasrat Menyatakan : Berbagai sikap

Teks fungsional
banner poster pamphlet dll

Monolog
NARRATIVE EXPLANATION DISCUSSION

KELAS XII SEMESTER II

Percakapan
Membujuk Mendorong semangat Mengkritik Harapan Mencegah Menyesali Menyatakan : Rencana Tujuan Maksud Memprediksi Berspekulasi menilai

Teks Fungsional
banner pamphlet poster dll

Monolog
NARRATIVE REVIEW

genre
Memiliki: Particular purposes ( communicative purposes ) Particular stages, distinctive : beginning, middles, and ends ( generic srtucture ) Particular linguistic features

1. RECOUNT
Social function : To retell events for the purposes of informing or entertaining Generic structure : Orientation : provides the setting and introduces participants ( giving information about what, who, where and when) event : to tell what happened in what sequence RE Orientation : optional , closure of events

Language features of RECOUNT

Focus on spesific participant ( nouns and pronouns: we, David, the animal dll ) Material process ( Action verbs: go, sleep, run etc ) Past tense Temporal sequence ( after, before , then ) Conjuction ( but , and, ) Circumstances of time and place ( adverb / adverb phrases showing time and place ) * Adjectives to modify nouns

2. NARRATIVE
SOCIAL FUNGTION

To amuse, entertain, and to deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways ( It deals with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind which in turn finds a resolution) Generic sructure: Orientation :sets the scene, introduces participant Evaluation : a stepping back to evaluate the plight Complication : a crisis arises Resolution : the crisis is resolved , for better or worse Re orientation : optional

Language features of narrrative

Specific and individualized participant ( nouns or pronouns) Material process Behavioral process ( breathe, snore, dream) Verbal process ( said, told, asked ) Mental process ( think, understand, like.) Relational process ( time connectives and temporal conjungtion ) Temporal circumstance Past tense

3. Procedure
Social function : To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps Generic structure Goal Material (not required for all procedure teks) Steps 1 n ( goal followed by a series of steps oriented to achieving the goal )

Language features of procedure

Generalized human agents Simple present often imperative material process ( Action verbs ) Temporal conjunction or numbering to indicate sequence Adverbs to show the detail of time and place e. g for five minutes, two centimetes from the top

4. Description
Social function To describe a particular person, place or thing Generic structure Identification , identify phenomenon to be described Description : describe or giving information about specific participant eg : comes from, the colour, the size, the favourite things etc

Language features of description

Specific participant ( nouns ) Simple present Attributive and identifying Process ( relating verbs which informs about the subject) Various adjectives like : describing, numbering, classifying , two white fangs, two strong legs etc Detailed noun phrase to inform about the subject

5. News items
Social function: To inform readers , listeners or viewers about events of the day which are consedered newsworthy or important Generic stucture : Newsworthy event(s) : recount the events in summary form Background events : elaborate what happenend to whom, in what circumstancec Sources : comment by participants in, witnesses to and aythorities expert on the events

Language features of news item

Short telegraphic information about story captured in headline Focus on person,animal, certain thing Focus on circumstance Material process ( action verbs ) Verbal process in sources stages Past tense Arranged in sequence of events

6 .REPORT
Social function : to describe the way things are with reference to arange of natural , man made and social phenomena in our environment it is the result of systematic observation or analysis it is general conclusion, general statement about Generic structure: Generic classification: tell what phenomena under discussion is Description : tells the phenomena is like in the terms of *parts and their function *Qualities *Habits or behaviours

Language features of report

General nouns : reptiles in Comodo island Relating verbs / relational process ( is , are, ) Action verbs ( birds fly, they eat) Present tense Technical terms ( water contain hydrogen and oxygen ..) Paragraph with topic sentence to arrange some information

7. ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Social function : To persuade the reader or listener that something is the case that there is a case to concern, to pay attention to ) Generic stucture: Thesis Position : introduces topic and indicates writers position Preview :outlines the main arguments to be presented Arguments Points : restates main arguments outlined in preview Elaboration : develops and supports each point / argument

Language features of analytical exposition

General nouns : cars , pollution, handphone Abstract nouns :pilocy, government Technical terms :species of animal Relating verbs Action verbs Thingking verbs Modal verbs Connectivers Evaluative words : important, valuable

8 HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Social function: To persuade the reader that something should or should not be the case It exhort someone to take or to desist in some action Generic structure: Thesis : announcement of issue of concern Arguments : reasons for concern, leading to recommendation Recommendation : statement of what ought not to happen

Language features of hortatory exposition

Generic human and non human participant Mental process : to state what the writers thinks or feels about the issue Material process to state what happens Relational process to state what it should be Simple present Abstract nouns Technical verbs Passive form Modal verbs Evaluative words

9. SPOOF
Social function : To retell an event with humorous twist Generic structure: Orientation : sets the scene Events : tell what happened Twist : provides the punchline

Language features of spoof

Focus on person, animal, certain thing Action verb Past tense Circumstance of time and place Material process

10.Explanation
Social function: To give an account of how something works or reasons for some phenomenon ( why is it so? How does it work?) Two basic types : Explaining how : mechanical explanation ( how does a pump work?) Technological explanation ( how does a computer work? ) System explanation ( How does a company work? ) Natural explanation ( how are mountains formed? ) Explaining why : Why does things float and other sink? Why does iron go rusty? Generic structure : General statement A sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs

Language features of explanation

General and abstract noun Action verbs Simple present tense Passive form conjunction of time cause and effect relationships Noun phrase Abstract nouns Adverbial phrases Complex sentences Technical terms

11. Discussion
Social function To present ( at least ) two points of view about an issue To look at an issue from a range of perspectives before making judgement or recommendation Generic structure : Issue : statement and preview Argument for and against or statements of differnet point of view : point and elaboration Conclusion or recommendations

Language features of discussion

Generic human and non human participants Material processes Relational processes Mental processes : feel , believe, think Comparative : contrastive Consequential conjunction Reasoning expresses as verbs and nouns

12. Review
Social function : To critique an art work or event for a public audience ( works of art include movies, TV shows, books, plays, operas, recordings, exhibition, concert and ballets ) Generic structure : Orientation : places the work in its general and particular context. Often by comparing it with its kind or through analogue with a non art object or events Interpretative Recount : summaries the plot and / or provides an account of how the work came into being Evaluation : usually recursive ( evaluation 1,2,3, ) Evaluative summation

Language features of review

Focus on particular participant Attitudinal lexis to show Direct expression of opinion, including attitudinal epithets in nominal groups Qualitative attributive and affective mental processes Elaborating and extending clauses Metaphorical language

The next???
Important terms to master material process? epithet? circumstance??? etc lets discuss together