Doantotnghiep Tiger

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni
n tt nghip
IV. Tnh l nung thanh ln :
IV.1. Kch thc l thanh ln :

1.1. Nng sut l nung :
G .1000
gn = n
(kg/h)
n.24
Trong :
+ Gn Nng sut nung ca l trong mt nm.
Vi sn phm d kin l gch granite c kch thc 400 400 9
(mm) c khi lng 3472 g/vin. Nh vy khi lng 1 m2 sn phm s l :
3472 1
g=
= 21,7 (kg/m2)
1000 0,4.0,4
Nng sut ton nh my 1.8 triu m2/nm s tng ng vi :
Gsp =
21,7
1,8.10 6 = 39060 (T/nm)
1000
D kin hao ht trong cng on nung nh sau :

Cng on
Hao ht (%)
m (W%)
Mi
1,0
Nung
9,0
T ta lp c bng cn bng vt cht

Hao
ht
(%)
Cng
on
Mi
Nung
KL nguyn liu kh m
(T/nm)
(W%)
39060 .100
0
= 39454,545
100 ,545
1 .100
39454
1
= 39853,076
100 9
Khi lng lm vic

(T/nm)
3
39853,07.100
= 40255 .632
100 1
Nh vy nng sut cn nung trong mt nm ca l s l Gn =

40255.632 T/nm.
+ n S ngy lm vic trong nm, n = 330 ngy.
Do :
gn =
40255 .632.1000
= 5082,78
330.24
(kg/h)
1.2. Tnh kch thc l :

Chu k nung d kin s l : tn = 60 pht = 1 h.
Lng sn phm cha trong l tnh theo vt liu vo l :
-1-
n tt nghip
Gv = tn . gn = 1.5082.78 = 5082.78 (kg)

Khi lng ca gch l 3472 g/vin. Do khi lng ca gch mc i
vo l nung, c k n MKN = 4,13% v m w = 1 %, l :
3472
.100.100
= 3658
(g/vin)
(100 4,13).(100 1)
Nh vy lng gch cha trong l nung l :
5082,78.1000
= 1389.49
3658
(vin)
Gch xp trong l nung theo cc hng, mi hng gm 5 vin. Kch

thc gch khi vo l l 430 430 mm, khong cch gia hai vin trong
mt hng l 30 mm v khong cch n thnh l l 90 mm. Do
chiu rng lng l ly l :
B = 430.5 + 30.4 + 90.2 = 2450
(mm)
Khong cch gia hai hng ly l 60 mm, do chiu di l l :
L' =
(430 + 60).1389,49
= 136,17
5.1000
(m)
Chiu di mt modul l 2,2 m, nn s modul tnh c l :

n=
136,17
= 61,89 62
2,2
(modul)
Chiu di l thc t l :
L = 2,2 . 62 = 136,4
Vn tc gch i trong l l :
v=
(m)
136,4
= 2,273
60
(m/pht)
1.3. ng cong nung :

1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
0
6
0
0
4
0
0
2
0
0
0
-2-
1
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
3
0
3
5
4
0
4
5
5
0
5
5
6
0
n tt nghip
IV.2. Tnh qu trnh chy nhin liu

Nhin liu la chn l LPG c thnh phn ha nh sau (Petrolimex
gas) :
Thnh phn
% Khi lng
i sang thnh phn ha (%

KL
C3H8
50
Cl = 82,29
C4H10
50
Hl = 17,71
2.1. Tnh nhit tr ca nhin liu :

Nhit tr thp ca nhin liu :
Qt
= 81 Cl + 246 Hl + 26 ( Sl Ol ) 6 Wl
= 81 . 82,29 + 246 . 17,71
= 11022,15
(kcal/kg nhl)
2.2. Lng khng kh cn thit cho qu trnh chy :
L0= 0,115.Cl +0,346.Hl 0,043(Ol Sl)
= 0,115.82,29 + 0,346.17,71
= 15,59
(kg/kg nhl)
2.3. Lng khng kh thc t cn cho qu trnh chy :
Thc t t chy ht nhin liu cn ly d khng kh. Vi nhin
liu lng chn h s d khng kh l = 1,07. Do lng khng kh thc
t cn thit t chy 1 kg nhin liu l :
L= L0 = 1,07 . 15,59 = 16,68
(kg/kg nhl)
Sn phm chy :
* CO2 :
GCO
44.C l 44.82,29
=
=
= 3,02
1200
1200
(kg/kg nhl)
18.H l d0 .L
+
200 1000
Trong d0 l hm m ca khng kh, thng thng d0 = 14,05
kg/kg kkk. Do :
18.17,71 14,05.16,68
GH O =
+
= 1,83 (kg/kg nhl)
200
1000
G N = 0,769.L = 0,769.16,68= 12,83(kg/kg nhl)
* N2 :
* H2O :
GH O =
2
* O2 :
GO = 0,231.( 1).L 0
2
= 0,231.(1,07 1).15,59 = 0,25 (kg/kg nhl)

-3-

sau :
n tt nghip
T ta tnh c % khi lng ca cc kh trong sn phm chy nh
Kh
Khi lng (kg/kg

nhl)
% Khi lng
CO2
3,02
16,84
H2O
1,83
10,21
N2
12,83
71,56
O2
0,25
1,39
IV.3. Tnh cn bng nhit cho l nung :

1. Cn bng nhit zone sy, nung s b, nung v lu :
1.1. Cc khon nhit thu :
1.1.1. Nhit chy nhin liu :[1-351]
Gi lng nhin liu tiu tn l B (kg/h), khi nhit do nhin liu
chy cung cp l :
Q11a = Qt .B = 11022
,15.B
(kcal/h)
1.1.2. Nhit l hc ca nhin liu :[1-351]

Q12a = cnl.tnl .B
(kcal/h)
Trong cnl l nhit dung ring ca nhin liu nhit nhin

liu vo, ly bng nhit mi trng tnl = 23 0C. Tra bng [2-183] c :
cpropan = 0,576 kcal/kg
cbutan = 0,549 kcal/kg
Do nhit dung ring ca nhin liu l :
cpropan.%C3H 8 + cbutan.%C 4H10
cnl =
100
0,576.50+ 0,549.50
=
= 0,563
(kcal/kg)
100
Thay vo ta c :
Q12a = 0,563.23.B = 12,95.B
(kcal/h)
1.1.3. Nhit l hc do khng kh dng cho qu trnh t nhin liu

mang vo :[1-351]
Q13a = ckk .tkk .L .B
-4-
(kcal/h)
n tt nghip
Trong :
ckk Nhit dung ring ca khng kh nhit tkk =

23 0C (nhit mi trng). Tra bng [2-204] c ckk
= 0,24 kcal/kg.
L Lng khng kh cn thit t chy 1 kg nhin
liu. trn tnh c L = 16,68 kg/kg nhl.
Do :
Q13a = 0,24.23.16,68.B = 92,07.B
(kcal/h)
1.1.4. Nhit l hc ca khng kh lt vo do kt cu ca l khng

hon ton kn :
Q14a = L 0 ( kt ).ckk .tkk .B
(kcal/h)
Trong :
L0 Lng khng kh l thuyt cn t chy 1 kg

nhin liu. trn tnh c L0 = 15,59 kg/kg nhl.
kt H s d ca kh thi ra khi l. Vi l thanh ln ly kt
= 2,5.
H s d ca khng kh dng t nhin liu, c =
1,07.
Thay vo ta c :
Q14a = 15,59.(2,5 1,07).0,24.23.B
= 123,06.B
(kcal/h)
1.1.5. Nhit l hc do gch mc mang vo :[1-352]
(100 w).csp + w
(kcal/h)
Q15a = gn
tsp
100
Trong :
gn Nng sut u vo ca l nung. c g n =
5082.78 kg/h.
w m ca gch mc khi vo l, w = 1 %.
csp Nhit dung ring ca gch kh, ly theo nhit dung
ring ca t st kh c csp = 0,22 kcal/kg. ( Tra
bng [2-162] )
t1 Nhit ca gch mc khi vo l, ly bng nhit
mi trng, t1 = 23 0C.
Do ta c :
Q51a = 5082,78
(100 1).0,22 + 1
23
100
= 26630,717
Nh vy tng nhit thu tnh c l :
Q1a = Q11a + Q12a + Q13a + Q14a + Q15a
-5-
(kcal/h)
n tt nghip
Qa1 = 11022,15.B + 12,95.B + 92,07.B + 123,06.B + 26630,717
Qa = 26630,717 + 11250,23.B
(kcal/h)
1.2. Cc khon nhit chi :
1.2.1. Nhit cung cp bc hi nc :[1-353]
595
Q11b =
gn .w
(kcal/h)
100
1
595
5082,78.1 = 30242,541
100
(kcal/h)
1.2.2. Nhit t nng hi nc n nhit ca kh thi :[1-353]

w
Q12b = 0,47.tkt.gn
(kcal/h)
100
Trong tkt l nhit kh thi, ly tkt = 180 0C. Khi :
Q21b = 0,47.180.5082,78
1
100
= 4300,03
(kcal/h)
1.2.3. Nhit cung cp cho phn ng ha hc :[1-353]
m n
Q13b =
q gk
(kcal/h)
100 100
Trong :
m
Hm lng t st, cao lanh
trong phi liu (% khi lng)
n
Hm lng ca Al2O3 trong t st, cao lanh (%
khi lng)
q
Nhit kh nc ca t st, cao lanh. Ly q = 500
kcal/kg.
gk Khi lng ca sn phm kh tuyt i. Do :
(100 w).gn
gsp =
(kg/h)
100
Trong phn bi phi liu d kin ta bit :
+ Hm lng ca t st trong bi phi liu:
ms = 32,76 %
+ Hm lng ca cao lanh trong bi phi liu:
mcl = 11,37 %
+ Hm lng Al2O3 c trong thnh phn cao lanh: ncl = 34,24 %
+ Hm lng Al2O3 c trong thnh phn t st: ns = 19,46 %
Thay vo cng thc ta c :
m n
(100 w)gn
m n
Q13b = ds ds + cl cl q
100
100 100 100 100
-6-
n tt nghip
(100 1).5082,78
32,76 19,46 11,37 34,24
=
100
100 100
100
100 100
= 51669,011
(kcal/h)
1.2.4. Nhit do sn phm mang sang zone lm lnh nhanh :
Q14b = gsp.csp.t2
(kcal/h)
y : gsp
Khi lng ca sn phm vo zone lm lnh nhanh,
do :
100 w 100 MKN
gsp = gn
(kg/h)
100
100
csp Nhit dung ring ca sn phm, trn bit csp =
0,22 kcal/kg.
t2 Nhit ca sn phm i vo zone lm lnh nhanh,
theo ng cong nung chn t2 = 1210 0C.
Do ta c :
Q41b = 5082,78
100 1 100 4,13
0,22 1210
100
100
= 1284184,091
1.2.5. Nhit do kh thi mang ra :
(kcal/h)
Q15b = ckt.tkt. kt.L 0.B

:
(kcal/h)
tkt Nhit ca kh thi, c tkt = 180 0C.

ckt Nhit dung ring ca kh thi xc nh theo cng
thc :
ckt =
pi .ci
(kcal/kg)
100
Vi pi , ci ln lt l thnh phn (% khi lng) v nhit
dung ring (kcal/kg) nhit tkt ca tng kh
thnh phn c trong kh thi.
Theo phn tnh ton qu trnh chy v tra bng [2198] ta c :
-7-
Kh
pi
ci
CO2
16,84
0,233
H2O
10,21
0,473
N2
71,56
0,251
O2
1,39
0,228
n tt nghip
Do tnh c :
16,84.0,233+ 10,21.0,473+ 71,56.0,251+ 1,39.0,228
ckt =
100
= 0,27
(kcal/kg)
kt H s d ca kh thi. trn chn kt = 2,5.
L0 Lng khng kh l thuyt cn t 1 kg nhin liu.
tnh c L0 = 15,59 kg/kg nhl
B Lng nhin liu tiu tn cho qu trnh nung, kg/h
T tnh c :
Q15b = 0,27.180.2,5.15,59.B
= 1894,19 . B
(kcal/h)
1.2.6. Nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh :
a. Nhit tn tht zone sy :
Chiu di zone : T modul 1 n modul 12, do chiu di l :
L = 2,2 . 12 = 26,4
(m)
0
0
Nhit t 23 C n 700 C, do nhit trung bnh l :
23+ 700
Tf 1 =
= 361,5
(0C)
2
Tng v nn c kt cu nh nhau, gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
H s dn nhit 1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.t kcal/mh
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 100 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
H s dn nhit 3 = 21,94 kcal/mh
312
Vm gm 3 lp :
0
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 100 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
-8245
0
n tt nghip
250
100
800
T1
T2
230
1990
230
100
100
100
230
T3
* Nhit tn tht qua tng :

Nhit tn tht qua tng xc nh theo cng thc :
F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
Trong :
F1 Din tch tng l, m2
Tf1 Nhit trong l, Tf1 = 361,5 0C
Tf2 Nhit mi trng, Tf2 = 23 0C
R1 Nhit tr tng l, m2h0C/kcal
Do lp thp c chiu dy nh, h s dn nhit ln nn c th coi
nhit ca lp thp ng u theo chiu dy v bng nhit mt
tng ngoi. Mt khc do nhit trong l ln nn h s cp nhit t kh
l n mt tng trong ln. V vy c th coi nhit mt tng trong
bng nhit ca kh l : T1 = Tf1 = 361,5 0C.
Gi s : Nhit mt tng gia T2 = 251,14 0C
Nhit mt tng ngoi T3 = 39,66 0C
Do :
*
Nhit trung bnh ca lp gch :
361,5 + 251,14
Ttb1 =
= 306,32
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.306,32 = 0,301
(kcal/mh)
*
Nhit trung bnh ca lp bng gm :
-9-
n tt nghip
251,14+ 39,66
= 145,40
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.145,40 = 0,068
(kcal/mh)
H s cp nhit t tng ra mi trng ng vi T3 = 39,66 0C l :
Ttb2 =
*
[1-356]
2 = 8,677 kcal/m2h
T tnh c nhit tr ca tng l :
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,100
1
+
+
0,301 0,068 8,677
= 2,34
Kim tra li nhit gi thit :
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
361,5 23 0,230
2,34
0,301
= 250,96 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 361,5
361,5 23 0,100
2,34
0,068
= 38,22 0C
* Nhit trung bnh lp gch :
= 250,96
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 361,5 + 250,96

=
=
= 306,23 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
306,32 306,23
306,32
100< 1%
* Nhit trung bnh lp bng gm :

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
- 10 -
T2' + T3' 250,96+ 38,22

=
=
= 145,52 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
145,40 144,59
145,40
100< 1%
n tt nghip
Ta thy sai s u rt nh, do c th chp nhn c gi thit

nhit trn.
Mt khc din tch hai mt tng l tnh c l :
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 26,4 . 1,49 = 78,672 (m2)
Do thay vo cng thc ta c :
Q1 =
78,672.(361,5 23)
= 11380,054
2,34
(kcal/h)
* Nhit tn tht qua vm :

Tng t ta c nhit tn tht qua vm xc nh theo cng thc :
F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
R2 Nhit tr vm l, m2h0C/kcal
Do :
*
361,5 + 244,68
Ttb1 =
= 303,09
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.303,09 = 0,301
(kcal/mh)
*
244,68+ 37,86
Ttb2 =
= 141,27
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.141,27 = 0,068
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 9,437 kcal/m2h
- 11 -
n tt nghip
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,250 0,100
1
+
+
0,301 0,068 9,437
= 2,40
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
361,5 23 0,250
2,40
0,301
= 244,36 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R2
2
= 361,5
361,5 23 0,100
2,40
0,068
= 36,95 0C
= 244,36
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 361,5 + 244,36

=
=
= 302,93 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
303,09 302,93
303,09
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 244,36+ 36,96

=
=
= 140,66 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
141,27 140,66
141,27
100< 1%

nhit trn.
Mt khc din tch mt vm l tnh c l :
F2 = L . B = 26,4 . 3,120 = 82,368 (m2)
Q2 =
- 12 -
82,368.(361,5 23)
= 11617 ,32
2,40
(kcal/h)
n tt nghip
* Nhit tn tht qua nn l :

Nhit tn tht qua nn xc nh theo cng thc :
F .(T T )
Q3 = 3 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R3
Trong :
Do :
*
361,5 + 251,46
Ttb1 =
= 306,48
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.306,48 = 0,301
(kcal/mh)
*
251,46+ 40,93
Ttb2 =
= 146,20
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.146,20 = 0,068
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 8,037 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,100
1
+
+
0,301 0,068 8,037
= 2,35
=
- 13 -
(m2h/kcal)

*
T2' = T1
n tt nghip
(Tf 1 Tf 2 ) 1
R1
1
361,5 23 0,230
2,35
0,301
= 251,43 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 361,5
361,5 23 0,100
2,35
0,068
= 39,60 0C
= 251,43
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 361,5 + 251,43

=
=
= 306,47 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
306,32 306,47
306,32
100< 0,1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 251,43+ 39,60

=
=
= 145,52 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
146,20 145,52
146,20
100< 1%

nhit trn.
Mt khc din tch mt nn l tnh c l :
F3 = L . B = 26,4 . 3,120 = 82,368 (m2)
Q3 =
82,368.(361,5 23)
= 11864,5
2,35
(kcal/h)
Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone sy l :

Qsy = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 11380,054 + 11617,32 + 11864,5
= 34861,87
(kcal/h)
b. Nhit tn tht zone nung s b :
L = 2,2 . 9 = 19,8
(m)
- 14 -
n tt nghip
Nhit t 700 0C n 1000 0C, do nhit trung bnh l :

700+ 1000
Tf1 =
= 850
(0C)
2
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
Vm gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
200
2860
250
332
0
1000
1890
T1
T2
- 15 200
230
1990
230
200
200
230
T3
n tt nghip
245
0
F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
Trong :
Tf1 Nhit trong l, Tf1 = 850 0C
bng nhit ca kh l : T1 = Tf1 = 850 0C.
Do :
*
850+ 671,13
Ttb1 =
= 760,57
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.760,57 = 0,392
(kcal/mh)
*
671,13+ 53,29
Ttb2 =
= 362,21
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.362,21 = 0,099
(kcal/mh)
- 16 -

*
[1-356]
n tt nghip
2 = 10,068 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,392 0,099 10,068
= 2,70
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
850 23 0,230
2,70 0,392
= 670,29 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 850
850 23 0,200
2,70 0,099
= 51,51 0C
= 670,29
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 850+ 670,29

=
= 760,15 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
760,57 760,15
760,34
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 670,29+ 51,51

=
=
= 360,90 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
362,21 360,9
362,21
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 19,8 . 1,89 = 74,844 (m2)
- 17 -
n tt nghip

Q1 =
74,844.(850 23)
= 22924,44
2,70
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
Do :
*
850+ 659,16
Ttb1 =
= 754,58
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.754,58 = 0,391
(kcal/mh)
*
659,16+ 50,50
Ttb2 =
= 354,83
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.354,83 = 0,098
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 10,809 kcal/m2h
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
- 18 -
n tt nghip
0,250 0,200
1
+
+
0,391 0,098 10,809
= 2,77
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
850 23 0,250
2,77 0,391
= 659,11 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R2
2
= 850
850 23 0,200
2,77 0,098
= 49,81 0C
= 659,11
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 850+ 659,11

=
= 754,56 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
754,58 754,56
754,58
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 659,11+ 49,81

=
= 354,46 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
354,83 354,46
354,83
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 19,8 . 3,320 = 65,736 (m2)
Q2 =
65,736.(850 23)
= 19625,87
2,77
(kcal/h)

- 19 -

Q3 =
F3.(Tf 1 Tf 2 )
R3
n tt nghip
(kcal/h)
Trong :
Do :
*
850+ 671,46
Ttb1 =
= 760,73
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.760,73 = 0,392
(kcal/mh)
*
671,46+ 56,04
Ttb2 =
= 363,75
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.363,75 = 0,099
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 9,212 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,392 0,099 9,212
= 2,71
=
- 20 -
(m2h/kcal)

*
T2' = T1
n tt nghip
(Tf 1 Tf 2 ) 1
R1
1
850 23 0,230
2,71 0,392
= 670,95 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 850
850 23 0,200
2,71 0,099
= 54,45 0C
= 670,95
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 850+ 670,95

=
=
= 760,48 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
760,73 760,48
760,73
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 670,95+ 54,45

=
=
= 362,70 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
363,75 362,70
363,75
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 19,8. 3,320 = 65,736 (m2)
Q3 =
65,736.(850 23)
= 20060,39
2,71
(kcal/h)
Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone nung s

b l :
Qngsb = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 22924,44 + 19625,87+ 20060,39
= 62610,7
(kcal/h)
c. Nhit tn tht zone nung :
- 21 -
n tt nghip
L = 2,2 . 7 = 15,4
(m)
1000+ 1210
Tf1 =
= 1105
(0C)
2
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
Vm gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng
* Lp gia
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng
:
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
:
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
250
200
332
2860
0
1000
1890
T1
T2
- 22 -
230
245
1990
0
230
200
200
200
230
T3
n tt nghip

F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
Trong :
Do :
*
1105+ 866,34
Ttb1 =
= 985,67
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.985,67 = 0,437
(kcal/mh)
*
866,34+ 64,84
Ttb2 =
= 465,59
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.465,59 = 0,113
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 10,842 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,437 0,113 10,842
= 2,38
=
- 23 -
(m2h/kcal)
n tt nghip

(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
1105 23 0,230
2,38 0,437
= 865,73 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 1105
1105 23 0,200
2,38 0,113
= 61,09 0C
= 865,73
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 1105+ 865,73

=
= 985,37 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
985,67 985,37
985,67
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 865,73+ 61,09

=
= 463,41 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
465,59 463,41
465,59
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 15,4 . 1,89 = 58,212 (m2)
Q1 =
58,212.(1105 23)
= 26464,447
2,38
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
- 24 -
n tt nghip

Do :
*
1105+ 851,27
Ttb1 =
= 978,14
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.978,14 = 0,436
(kcal/mh)
*
851,27+ 60,53
Ttb2 =
= 455,90
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.455,90 = 0,112
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 11,782 kcal/m2h
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,250 0,200
1
+
+
0,436 0,112 11,782
= 2,44
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
1105 23 0,250
2,44 0,436
= 850,73 0C
= 1105
- 25 -
(m2h/kcal)

*
T3' = T2'
n tt nghip
(Tf1 Tf 2 ) 2
R2
2
1105 23 0,200
2,44 0,112
= 58,87 0C
= 850,73
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 1105+ 850,73

=
=
= 977,87 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
978,14 977,87
978,14
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 850,73+ 58,87

=
=
= 454,80 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
455,90 454,80
455,90
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 15,4 . 3,320 = 51,128 (m2)
Q2 =
51,128.(1105 23)
= 22672,33
2,44
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q3 = 3 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R3
Trong :
- 26 -

Gi s :
n tt nghip
Nhit mt tng gia T2 = 866,79 0C

Do :
*
1105+ 866,79
Ttb1 =
= 985,90
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.985,90 = 0,437
(kcal/mh)
*
866,79+ 68,94
Ttb2 =
= 467,87
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.467,87 = 0,114
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 9,856 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,437 0,114 9,856
= 2,38
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
1105 23 0,230
2,38 0,437
= 865,73 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 1105
1105 23 0,200
2,38 0,114
= 68,15 0C
= 865,73
- 27 -
(m2h/kcal)

'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
n tt nghip
T1 + T2' 1105+ 865,73

=
= 985,37 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
985,90 985,37
985,90
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 865,73+ 68,15

=
=
= 466,94 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
467,87 466,94
467,87
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 15,4. 3,320 = 51,128 (m2)
Q3 =
51,128.(1105 23)
= 23243,9
2,38
(kcal/h)
Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone nung l :

Qnung = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 26464,447 + 22672,33+ 23243,9
= 72380,68
(kcal/h)
c. Nhit tn tht zone lu :
L = 2,2 . 6 = 13,2
(m)
0
Nhit lu l 1210 C.
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
Vm gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
- 28 -
* Lp gia
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng
n tt nghip

Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
:
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
250
200
332
0 2860
1000
1890
T1
T2
230
245
1990
0
230

F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
Trong :
- 29 -
200
200
200
230
T3
n tt nghip

Do :
*
1210+ 946,43
Ttb1 =
= 1078
,22
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.1078,22 = 0,456
(kcal/mh)
*
946,43+ 70,00
Ttb2 =
= 508,22
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.508,22 = 0,119
(kcal/mh)
*
H s cp nhit t tng ra mi trng ng vi T3 = 70,00 0C l
2 = 11,110 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,456 0,119 11,110
= 2,27
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
1210 23 0,230
2,27 0,456
= 946,25 0C
= 1210
- 30 -
(m2h/kcal)

*
T3' = T2'
n tt nghip
(Tf1 Tf 2 ) 2
R1
2
1210 23 0,200
2,27 0,119
= 67,41 0C
= 946,25
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 1210+ 946,25

=
=
= 1078
,13 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
1078
,22 1078
,13
1078
,22
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 946,25+ 67,41

=
=
= 506,83 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
508,22 506,83
508,22
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 13,2 . 1,89 = 49,896(m2)
Q1 =
49,896.(1210 23)
= 26090,99
2,27
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
- 31 -

Gi s :
n tt nghip
Nhit mt tng gia T2 = 928,95 0C

Do :
*
1210+ 928,95
Ttb1 =
= 1069
,48
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.1069,48 = 0,454
(kcal/mh)
*
928,95+ 65,12
Ttb2 =
= 497,04
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.497,04 = 0,118
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 12,059 kcal/m2h
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,250 0,200
1
+
+
0,454 0,118 12,059
= 2,32
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
1210 23 0,250
2,32 0,454
= 928,26 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R2
2
= 1210
1210 23 0,200
2,32 0,118
= 61,08 0C
= 928,26
- 32 -
(m2h/kcal)

'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
n tt nghip
T1 + T2' 1210+ 928,26

=
= 1069
,13 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
1069
,48 1069
,13
1069
,48
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 928,13+ 61,08

=
=
= 494,61 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
497,04 494,61
497,04
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 13,2 . 3,32 = 43,824 (m2)
Q2 =
43,824.(1210 23)
= 22422,02
2,32
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q3 = 3 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R3
Trong :
F3 Din tch nn l, m2
Do :
*
1210+ 946,68
Ttb1 =
= 1078
,34
(0C)
2
- 33 -
*
[1-356]
n tt nghip
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.1078,34 = 0,0,456 (kcal/mh)
946,68+ 74,11
Ttb2 =
= 510,40
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.510,40 = 0,119
(kcal/mh)
2 = 10, 216 kcal/m2h

1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,456 0,119 10,216
= 2,28
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
1210 23 0,230
2,28 0,456
= 947,41 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 1210
1210 23 0,200
2,283 0,119
= 72,43 0C
= 947,41
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 1210+ 947,41

=
=
= 1078
,71 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
1078
,34 1078
,71
1078
,34

- 34 -
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
Sai s :
n tt nghip
T2' + T3' 947,41+ 72,43

=
= 509,92 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
510,40 509,92
510,40
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 13,2. 3,32 = 43,824
(m2)
Q3 =
43,824.(1210 23)
= 22785,4
2,283
(kcal/h)
Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone lu l :

Qlu = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 26090,99 + 22422,02 + 22785,4
= 71298,41
(kcal/h)
Nh vy tng nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh zone sy,
nung s b, nung v lu l :
Q16b = Qsy + Qngsb + Qnung + Qlu (kcal/h)
= 34861,87 + 62610,7 + 72380,68 + 71298,41
= 241151,66
(kcal/h)
1.2.7. Nhit tn tht khng tnh c ly bng 10 % nhit chi :
Q17b = 0,1.Q1b
(kcal/h)
Tng nhit chi :

Q1b = Q11b + Q12b + Q13b + Q14b + Q15b + Q16b + Q17b
Qb1 = 30242,541 + 4300,03 + 51669,011 + 1284184 ,091 + 1894,19.B + 241151,66 + 0,1.Qb1
0,9.Qb1 = 1611547 ,33 + 1894,19.B
Qb1 = 1790608,148 + 2104,66.B
Ta c bng cn bng nhit thu chi nh sau :
Nhit thu, kcal/h
- 35 -
Nhit chi, kcal/h
Q11a
11022,15.B
Q11b
30242,541
Q12a
12,95.B
Q12b
4300,03
Q13a
92,07.B
Q13b
51699,011
n tt nghip
Q14a
123,06.B
Q14b
1284184,091
Q15a
26630,717
Q15b
1894,19.B
Q16b
241151,66
Q17b
0,1.Q1b
Q1a
26630,717 +
11250,23.B
1790608,148 +
2104,66.B
Q1b
Cn bng nhit thu chi ta c :

26630,717 + 11250,23.B = 1790608,148 + 2104,66.B
9145,57.B = 1763977,431
B = 192,878
Tiu tn nhin liu tnh theo 1 kg sn phm :
Q .B
Qt .B.10000
q= t =
gsp
gn .(100 w).(100 MKN )
=
(kg/h)
11022,15.192,878.10000
5082,78.(100 1).(100 4,13)
= 440,686
(kcal/kg)
Tiu tn nhin liu tiu chun cho 1 kg sn phm :
b0 =
q
440,686
=
= 0,0629
7000
7000
(kg NLTC/kg sp)
Ta c bng cn bng nhit thu chi nh sau :

Nhit thu, kcal/h
- 36 -
Nhit chi, kcal/h
Q11a
2125930,248
Q11b
30242,541
Q12a
2497,77
Q12b
4300,03
Q13a
17758,277
Q13b
51699,011
Q14a
23735,566
Q14b
1284184,091
Q15a
26630,717
Q15b
365347,578
Q16b
241151,66
Q17b
30242,541

Q1a
n tt nghip
Q1b
2196552,579
2196550,759
2. Cn bng nhit zone lm lnh nhanh :

2.1.1. Nhit do sn phm mang t zone nung sang :
Q12a = Q41b = 1284184,091
(kcal/h)
2.1.2. Nhit l hc ca khng kh thi vo lm lnh :

Q22a = ckk .tkk .X 1
(kcal/h)
Tng t nh tnh trong zone sy, nung, y :

tkk Nhit ca khng kh, ly bng nhit mi trng tkk
0
= 23 C.
ckk Nhit dung ring ca khng kh tkk, c ckk = 0,24
kcal/kg.
X1 Lng khng kh cn thit thi vo lm lnh, kg/h.
Do :
Q22a = 0,24.23.X 1 = 5,52.X 1
(kcal/h)
Tng nhit thu :

Q2a = Q12a + Q22a
= 1284184,091+ 5,52.X1
(kcal/h)
2.2.1. Nhit do sn phm mang sang zone lm lnh gin tip :
Q12b = csp.t3.gsp
(kcal/h)
Trong :
csp
Nhit dung ring ca sn phm,
bit csp = 0,22 kcal/kg.
t3 Nhit sn phm i vo zone lm lnh gin tip,
theo ng cong nung c t3 = 700 0C.
gsp Khi lng sn phm, bit :
100 w 100 MKN
gsp = gn
100
100
= 5082,78
100 1 100 4,13
100
100
= 4824,13
Q12b = 0,22.700.4824,13 = 742916 ,416
(kg/h)
(kcal/h)
2.2.2. Nhit do khng kh nng mang ra khi zone lm lnh nhanh :

- 37 -

Q22b = ck1.tk1.X 1
Vi :
n tt nghip
(kcal/h)
tk1 Nhit ca kh ra, tk1 = 700 0C

ck1 Nhit dung ring ca kh nng nhit tk1, tra
bng [2-204] c ck1 = 0,247 kcal/kg.
Q22b = 0,247.700.X 1 = 172,9.X 1
Do :
(kcal/h)
250
200

Chiu di zone lm lnh nhanh : T modul 35 n modul 38, do
chiu di l :
L = 2,2 . 4 = 8,8
(m)
0
0
Nhit t 1210 C n 700 C, do nhit trung bnh l :
1210+ 700
Tf1 =
= 955
(0C)
2
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
Vm gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 200 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
2860
kcal/mh
332
0
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
1000
1890
T1
T2
- 38 200
230
245
1990
0
230
200
200
230
T3
n tt nghip

F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
Trong :
Do :
*
955+ 751,64
Ttb1 =
= 853,32
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.853,32 = 0,411
(kcal/mh)
*
751,64+ 57,76
Ttb2 =
= 404,70
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.404,70 = 0,105
(kcal/mh)
- 39 -

*
[1-356]
n tt nghip
2 = 10,447 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,411 0,105 10,447
= 2,56
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
955 23 0,230
2,56 0,411
= 751,27 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 955
955 23 0,200
2,56 0,105
= 57,82 0C
= 751,27
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 955+ 751,27

=
= 853,14 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
853,32 853,14
853,32
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 751,27+ 57,82

=
=
= 404,55 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
404,70 404,55
404,70
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 8,8 . 1,89 = 33,264
(m2)
- 40 -
n tt nghip

Q1 =
33,264.(955 23)
= 12110,175
2,56
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
Do :
*
955+ 738,06
Ttb1 =
= 846,53
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.846,53 = 0,409
(kcal/mh)
*
738,06+ 54,39
Ttb2 =
= 396,23
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.396,23 = 0,103
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 11,268 kcal/m2h
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
- 41 -
n tt nghip
0,250 0,200
1
+
+
0,409 0,103 11,268
= 2,64
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
955 23 0,250
2,64 0,409
= 739,21 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R2
2
= 955
955 23 0,200
2,64 0,103
= 53,71 0C
= 739,21
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 955+ 739,21

=
= 847,11 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
846,53 847,11
846,53
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 739,21+ 53,71

=
= 396,46 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
396,23 396,41
396,23
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 8,8 . 3,32 = 29,216
(m2)
Q2 =
29,216.(955 23)
= 10314,133
2,64
(kcal/h)

- 42 -

Q3 =
F3.(Tf 1 Tf 2 )
R3
n tt nghip
(kcal/h)
Trong :
Do :
*
955+ 752,04
Ttb1 =
= 853,52
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.853,52 = 0,411
(kcal/mh)
*
752,04+ 61,29
Ttb2 =
= 406,67
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.406,67 = 0,105
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 9,464 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,200
1
+
+
0,411 0,105 9,464
= 2,57
=
- 43 -
(m2h/kcal)

*
T2' = T1
n tt nghip
(Tf 1 Tf 2 ) 1
R1
1
955 23 0,230
2,57 0,411
= 752,06 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 955
955 23 0,200
2,57 0,105
= 61,31 0C
= 752,06
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 955+ 752,06

=
=
= 853,53 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
853,52 853,53
853,52
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 752,06+ 61,31

=
=
= 406,69 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
406,67 406,69
406,67
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 8,8 . 3,32 = 29,216
(m2)
Q3 =
29,216.(955 23)
= 10595,06
2,57
(kcal/h)
Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone lm lnh

nhanh l :
Q32b = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 12110,175 + 10314,133+ 10595,06
= 33019,37
(kcal/h)
Q24b = 0,1.Q2b
- 44 -
n tt nghip
Tng nhit chi :

Q2b = Q12b + Q22b + Q32b + Q24b
(kcal/h)
Qb2 = 742916 ,416 + 172,9. X 1 + 33019,37 + 0,1.Qb2

0,9.Qb2 = 775935,416 + 172,9. X 1
Qb2 = 862150 ,462 + 192,11. X 1

1284184,091+ 5,52.X1 = 862150,462 + 192,11.X1
422033,629 = 186,59.X1
X1 = 2261,823
(kg/h)
Thc t nhit ca kh ra khi zone lm lnh nhanh l 700 0C.
Nhng c th vn chuyn c bng qut ta cn pha thm khng kh
lnh nhit kh ht ra ch l 200 0C. tnh lng khng kh thc
t dng lm lnh ta c th tnh nh sau :
Nhit do kh nng ly i dng vo vic khc Q22b tnh li theo nhit
kh c pha thm khng kh lnh l :
Q22b = ck1.tk1.X 1
Vi :
Do :
(kcal/h)
tk1 Nhit ca kh ly i, ly tk1 = 200 0C

bng [2-204] c ck1 = 0,245 kcal/kg.
Q22b = 0,245.200.X 1 = 49.X 1
(kcal/h)
Tng nhit chi zone lm lnh nhanh khi s l :

Q2b = Q12b + Q22b + Q32b + Q24b
(kcal/h)
Qb2 = 742916 ,416 + 49. X 1 + 33019,37 + 0,1.Qb2

0,9.Qb2 = 775935,416 + 49. X 1
Qb2 = 862150,462 + 54,44. X 1
Cn bng nhit thu chi :

1284184,091+ 5,52.X1 = 862150,462 + 54,44.X1
422033,629 = 48,92.X1
X1 = 8627,016
(kg/h)
Nh vy :
* Lng khng kh dng lm lnh nhanh X 11 = 2261,823 kg/h
* Lng khng kh m qut lm lnh nhanh phi cung cp X 1 = 8627,016
kg/h
- 45 -
n tt nghip
* Lng khng kh dng pha thm X 12 = X 1 X 11 = 6365,193 kg/h

Cn bng nhit chi tit zone lm lnh nhanh nh sau :
Nhit thu
K
hi
u
Nhit chi
K
hiu
Gi tr
kcal/h
Do sn phm
Do
sn
phm
1284184,0
mang t zone Q12a
mang sang zone
91
nung vo
lm lnh gin tip
Q12b
742916,41
6
Do khng kh
Do khng
dng lm Q22a 47621,128 nng ht ra
lnh mang vo
Q22b
422723,78
4
Do tn tht ra
mi trng xung
quanh
Q32b
33019,37
Nhit tn tht
khng tnh c
Q24b 133180,52
Khon nhit
thu
Q2a
Gi tr
kcal/h
Khon nhit chi
1331805,2
19
kh
Q2b
1331805,2
19
3. Cn bng nhit zone lm lnh gin tip :

3.1.1. Nhit do sn phm mang t zone lm lnh nhanh sang :
Q13a = Q12b = 742916 ,416
(kcal/h)

(kcal/h)
Tng t nh tnh trong zone sy, nung, y :

= 23 0C.
kcal/kg.
Do :
Q32a = 0,24.23.X 2 = 5,52.X 2
Tng nhit thu :
- 46 -
(kcal/h)
n tt nghip
Q3a = Q13a + Q32a

= 742916,416 + 5,52.X2
(kcal/h)
3.2.1. Nhit do sn phm mang sang zone lm cui :
Q13b = csp.t4 .gsp
(kcal/h)
Trong :
csp
t4 Nhit sn phm i vo zone lm lnh gin tip,
theo ng cong nung c t4 = 500 0C.
gsp Khi lng sn phm, bit gsp = 4824,132 kg/h
Q13b = 0,22.500.4824,132 = 530654 ,52
(kcal/h)
3.2.2. Nhit do khng kh nng ly i dng vo vic khc :

Q32b = ck2.tk2 .X 2
Vi :
Do :
(kcal/h)

bng [] c ck1 = 0,243 kcal/kg.
Q23b = 0,243.150. X 1 = 36,45. X 2
(kcal/h)

Chiu di zone lm lnh gin tip : T modul 39 n modul 44, do
chiu di l :
L = 2,2 .6 = 13,2
(m)
700+ 500
Tf1 =
= 600
(0C)
2
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 230 mm.
* Lp gia
:
Bng gm dy
2 = 100 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng :
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
Vm gm 3 lp :
* Lp trong cng :
Samt nh dy
1 = 250 mm.
- 47 -
* Lp gia
n tt nghip

Bng gm dy
2 = 100 mm.
H s dn nhit 2
=
0,048
+
14.10-5.t
kcal/mh
* Lp ngoi cng
:
Thp 2X13 3 = 5 mm.
250
100
312
0
800
T1
T2

F .(T T )
Q1 = 1 f1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R1
100
100
230
100
245
1990
0
230
250
100
230
T3
T1
100
230
800
Trong :
T2
T3
1990
230
100
100
230
- 48 -
n tt nghip
Do :
*
600+ 407,54
Ttb1 =
= 503,77
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.503,77 = 0,341
(kcal/mh)
*
407,54+ 51,81
Ttb2 =
= 229,68
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.229,68 = 0,080
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 9,894 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,100
1
+
+
0,341 0,080 9,894
= 2,03
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
600 23 0,230
2,03 0,341
= 408,29 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 600
600 23 0,100
2,03 0,080
= 52,99 0C
= 408,29
'
Ttb
1 =
- 49 -
T1 + T2' 600+ 408,29

=
= 504,15 0C
2
2

Sai s :
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
n tt nghip
503,77 504,15
503,77
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 408,29+ 52,99

=
= 230,64 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
229,68 230,64
229,68
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 13,2 . 1,49 = 39,336 (m2)
Q1 =
39,336.(600 23)
= 11180,725
2,03
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
Do :
*
600+ 397,08
Ttb1 =
= 498,54
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.498,54 = 0,340
(kcal/mh)
- 50 -

*
*
[1-356]
n tt nghip

397,08+ 49,05
Ttb2 =
= 223,07
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.223,07 = 0,079
(kcal/mh)
2 = 10,581 kcal/m2h
1
R2 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,250 0,100
1
+
+
0,340 0,079 10,581
= 2,10
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
600 23 0,250
2,10 0,340
= 397,97 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R2
2
= 600
600 23 0,100
2,10 0,079
= 50,16 0C
= 397,21
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 600+ 397,97

=
= 498,99 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
498,54 498,99
498,54
100< 1%

'
Ttb
2 =
- 51 -
T2' + T3' 397,97+ 50,16

=
= 224,07 0C
2
2

Sai s :
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
n tt nghip
223,07 224,07
223,07
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 13,2 . 3,12 = 41,184 (m2)
Q2 =
41,184.(600 23)
= 11315,79
2,10
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q3 = 3 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R3
Trong :
Do :
*
600+ 408,11
Ttb1 =
= 504,06
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,24 + 20.10-5.504,06 = 0,341
(kcal/mh)
*
408,11+ 54,31
Ttb2 =
= 231,21
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.231,21 = 0,080
(kcal/mh)
- 52 -

*
[1-356]
n tt nghip
2 = 9,082 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 + 2 +
1 2 2
0,230 0,100
1
+
+
0,341 0,080 9,082
= 2,03
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
600 23 0,230
2,03 0,341
= 408,29 0C
(T T )
T3' = T2' f1 f 2 2
R1
2
= 600
600 23 0,100
2,03 0,080
= 52,99 0C
= 408,29
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1 + T2' 600+ 408,29

=
= 504,15 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
504,06 504,15
504,06
100< 1%

'
tb2
T
Sai s :
T2' + T3' 408,29+ 52,99

=
=
= 230,64 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
231,21 230,64
231,21
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 13,2 . 3,12 = 41,184
(m2)
- 53 -
n tt nghip

Q3 =
41,184.(600 23)
= 11750,99
2,03
(kcal/h)

gin tip l :
Q33b = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 11180,725 + 11315,79+ 11750,99
= 34202,51
(kcal/h)
Q43b = 0,1.Qb3
Tng nhit chi :

Q3b = Q13b + Q32b + Q33b + Q34b
(kcal/h)
Qb3 = 530654 ,52 + 36,45. X 2 + 34202,51 + 0,1.Qb3

0,9.Qb3 = 564857 ,029 + 36,45. X 2
Qb3 = 627618,92 + 40,50. X 2

742916,416 + 5,52.X2 = 627618,92 + 40,50.X2
115297,49 = 34,98.X2
X2 = 3296,097
(kg/h)
Nhit thu
Khon nhit
thu
K
hi
u
Nhit chi
Gi tr
kcal/h
Khon nhit chi
K
hiu
Gi tr
kcal/h
Do sn phm
Do
sn
phm
mang t zone
742916,41
mang
sang
zone
Q13a
lm lnh nhanh
6
lm lnh cui
vo
Q13b 530654,52
Do khng kh
Do khng
3
dng lm Q2a 18194,459 nng ht ra
lnh mang vo
Q32b 120142,73
- 54 -
kh
Do tn tht ra
mi trng xung
quanh
Q3b3
Nhit tn tht
khng tnh c
3
Q4b
76111,084
34202,51

Q3a
n tt nghip
761110,87
5
Qb3
761110,87
5
4. Cn bng nhit zone lm lnh cui :

4.1.1. Nhit do sn phm mang t zone lm lnh gin tip sang :
Q14a = Q13b = 530654 ,52
(kcal/h)

(kcal/h)
Tng t nh tnh trong zone lm lnh gin tip, y :

0
= 23 C.
kcal/kg.
Do :
Q24a = 0,24.23.X 3 = 5,52.X 3
(kcal/h)
Tng nhit thu :

Qa4 = Q14a + Q24a
= 530654,52 + 5,52.X3
(kcal/h)
4.2 .Cc khon nhit chi :

4.2.1.Nhit do sn phm mang ra :
Q14b = csp.t4 .gsp
(kcal/h)
Trong :
csp
t4 Nhit sn phm ra l, theo ng cong nung c t4
= 60 0C.
gsp Khi lng sn phm, bit gsp = 4824,132 kg/h
Q14b = 0,22.60.4824,132 = 63678,54
(kcal/h)
4.2.2.Nhit do khng kh nng ly i dng vo vic khc :

Q24b = ck3.tk3.X 3
Vi :
- 55 -
(kcal/h)

bng [2-204] c ck3 = 0,245 kcal/kg.

Do :
Q24b = 0,245.200.X 3 = 49.X 3
n tt nghip
(kcal/h)
250
312
0
100
4.2.3.Nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh :

Chiu di zone lm lnh cui : T modul 34 n modul 47, do
chiu di l :
L = 2,2 . 18 = 39,6
(m)
500+ 60
Tf 1 =
= 280
(0C)
2
* Lp trong
:
Bng gm dy
1 = 100 mm.
* Lp ngoi
:
Thp 2X13 2 5 mm.
H s dn nhit 2= 21,94 kcal/mh
Vm gm 2 lp :
* Lp di :
Bng gm dy 1= 100 mm.
H s dn nhit 1= 0,048 + 14.10-5.t kcal/mh
* Lp trn :
Thp 2X13
2= 5 mm.
H s dn nhit 2= 21,94 kcal/mh
800
T1
Nhit tn tht qua tng : 245

1990
230
100
100
230
Nhit tn tht qua tng xc0 nh theo cng thc :
- 56 -
100
T3
230
T2

Q1 =
F1.(Tf1 Tf 2 )
R1
n tt nghip
(kcal/h)
Trong :
Gi s : Nhit mt tng ngoi T2 = 41,94 0C
Do :
*
280+ 41,94
Ttb1 =
= 160,97
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.160,97 = 0,071
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 8,867 kcal/m2h
1
R1 = 1 +
1 2
0,100 1
+
0,071 8,867
= 1,52
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
280 23 0,100
1,52 0,071
= 41,86
* Nhit trung bnh bng gm :
= 280
- 57 -
(m2h/kcal)

'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
n tt nghip
T1 + T2' 280+ 41,86

=
= 160,93 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
160,97 160,93
160,93
100< 1%
Ta thy sai s rt nh, do c th chp nhn c gi thit nhit

trn.
F1 = 2 . L . H = 2 . 30,8 . 1,49 = 91,78
(m2)
91,78.(280 23)
Q1 =
= 15518
,07
(kcal/h)
1,52
F .(T T )
Q2 = 2 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R2
Trong :
F2 Din tch vm l, m2
Do :
*
280+ 40,25
Ttb1 =
= 160,13
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
2 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.160,13 = 0,070
(kcal/mh)
*
H s cp nhit t tng ra mi trng ng vi T2 =40,25 0C l :
[1-356]
2 = 9,785 kcal/m2h
- 58 -

R2 =
n tt nghip
1 1
+
1 2
0,100
1
+
0,070 9,785
= 1,53
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R2
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
280 23 0,100
1,53 0,070
= 40,04 0C
= 280
'
Ttb
1 =
Sai s :
T1' + T2' 280+ 40,04

=
= 160,02 0C
2
2
'
Ttb1 Ttb
1
Ttb1
100=
160,13 160,02
160,13
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F2 = L . B = 39,6 . 3,12 = 123,552 (m2)
Q2 =
123,552.( 280 23)

= 31752,864
1,53
(kcal/h)

F .(T T )
Q3 = 3 f 1 f 2
(kcal/h)
R3
Trong :
- 59 -
n tt nghip

Do :
*
280+ 43,52
Ttb1 =
= 161,76
(0C)
2
H s dn nhit :
1 = 0,048 + 14.10-5.161,76 = 0,071
(kcal/mh)
*
[1-356]
2 = 8,141 kcal/m2h
1
R3 = 1 +
1 2
0,100 1
+
0,071 8,141
= 1,53
(T T )
T2' = T1 f 1 f 2 1
*
R1
1
=
(m2h/kcal)
280 23 0,100
1,53 0,071
= 43,42 0C
= 280
'
tb1
T
Sai s :
T1' + T2' 280+ 43,42

=
=
= 161,71 0C
2
2
'
Ttb2 Ttb
2
Ttb2
100=
161,76 161,71
161,76
100< 1%

nhit trn.
F3 = L . B = 39,6 . 3,12 = 81,93
(m2)
- 60 -

Q3 =
n tt nghip
123,552.(280 23)
= 20753,506
1,53
(kcal/h)

cui l :
Q34b = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
= 15518,07 + 31752,864+ 20753,506
= 68024,43
(kcal/h)
4.2.4.Nhit tn tht khng tnh c ly bng 10 % nhit chi :
Q44b = 0,1.Q4b
Tng nhit chi :
Q4b = Q14b + Q24b + Q34b + Q44b
(kcal/h)
Qb4 = 63678,54 + 49. X 3 + 68024,43 + 0,1.Qb4

0,9.Qb4 = 131702,98 + 49. X 3
Qb4 = 146336,644 + 54,44. X 3

530654,52 + 5,52.X3 = 146336,644 +54,44.X3
384317,876 = 48,92.X3
X3 = 7856,048
(kg/h)
Nhit thu
Nhit chi
K
hiu
Gi tr
Q14b
63678,54
Do khng kh
Do khng kh
43365,38
4
dng lm Q2a
nng ht ra
6
lnh mang vo
Q24b
384946,3
52
Do tn tht ra
mi trng xung
quanh
Q34b
68024,43
Nhit tn tht
khng tnh c
Q44b
57401,99
Khon nhit thu

Do sn phm
mang t zone
lm lnh gin
tip vo
- 61 -
K
hiu
Q14a
Gi tr
kcal/h
Khon nhit chi
Do sn phm
530654,5 mang ra ngoi
2
kcal/h

Tng nhit thu
Qa4
n tt nghip
574019,9 Tng nhit chi

1
Q4b
574019,9
1
Tng hp li, ta c bng cn bng nhit thu chi cho ton b l nung
nh sau :
Nhit thu
Khon nhit thu
Do chy nhin liu
Do nhin liu mang
vo
Nhit chi
Gi tr
kcal/h
Khon nhit chi
2125930, Nhit bc hi nc
248
Gi tr
kcal/h
30242,54
1
Nhit t nng hi nc
n nhit tkt
4300,03
Do khng kh chy
mang vo
17758,27 Tiu tn cho phn ng

7 ha hc
51699,01
1
Do khng kh bn
ngoi lt vo
23735,56 Do kh thi mang ra

6 ngoi
365347,5
78
Do gch mc mang
vo
26630,71
7
Do khng kh nng ht
ra ngoi
927812,8
66
Do khng kh dng
lm lnh
109180,9
73
Do tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh
471057,4
1
Do sn phm mang ra
ngoi
158377,9
8
Nhit tn tht khng

tnh c
296936,1
35
2305733.
551
Tng nhit thu
2497,77
2305733.
551
Tng nhit chi
IV. Tnh ton cc thit b ph cho l nung

- 62 -
n tt nghip
1. Tnh qut cung cp kh chy :

Lng khng kh chy cn thit phi cung cp cho l nung :
L = L . B = 16,68.192,878 = 3217,205 (kg/h)
0
23 C khi lng ring ca khng kh l : 1 = 1,19 kg/m3
Do th tch kh m qut 1 phi vn chuyn l :
V=
L 3217,205
=
= 2730,533
1,19
(m3/h)
Theo s b tr ng ng (xem bn v l), khng kh chy c

vn chuyn bng ng ng tng (1) c ng knh d1 = 200 mm =
0,20 m n 2 ng ng trn v di (2) cng c ng knh d2 = 0,20 m.
T ng ng (2) khng kh c dn theo 4 ng ng chnh chy dc l
(3) c ng knh d3 = 150 mm = 0,15 m. ng dn kh chy t ng ng
chnh dn cc vi t (4) c ng knh d4 = 40 mm = 0,04 m.
T modul 10 n modul 13 mi modul b tr 4 vi t, t modul
14 n modul 26 mi modul b tr 8 vi t. Do tng s vi t
l :
N = 4.4 + 8.13 = 120
(vi t)
Coi lu lng kh i trong cc ng l nh nhau, khi vn tc kh i
trong ng ng (1) l :
4.V
w1 =
3600
.3,14.d12
4.1883
,44
= 16,66
3600
.3,14.0,22
Vn tc kh i trong ng ng (2) l :
4.V
w2 =
2.3600
.3,14.d22
=
4.1883
,44
= 8,33
2.3600
.3,14.0,22
4.V
w3 =
2.3600
.3,14.d32
=
4.1883
,44
= 7,41
4.3600
.3,14.0,152
4.V
w4 =
120.3600
.3,14.d24
=
- 63 -
(m/s)
(m/s)
(m/s)
n tt nghip
4.1883
,44
= 3,47 (m/s)
120.3600
.3,14.0,042
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
p sut cn thit k khc phc tr lc trn mt on ng ng
c xc nh theo cng thc :
p = pd + pm + pc + ph + pk (N/m2)
Trong :
pd - p sut ng hc cn to vn tc cho dng
kh.
pm- p sut ng hc cn khc phc tr lc do ma
st.
pc - p sut cn khc phc tr lc cc b.
ph - p sut cn khc phc tr lc hnh hc.
pk - p sut d tr.
p dng cng thc trn, ta tnh tr lc trn cc on ng ng nh
sau :
* Tr lc trn cc ng nhnh (4) :
p sut ng hc :
=
pd4 =
1.w24 1,19.3,472
=
= 7,16
2
2
(N/m2)
Tr lc ma st :
pm4 =
Vi :
l 4 1.w24
d4
2
(N/m2)
H s ma st, vi ng kim loi khng g = 0,025.

l4 Chiu di ng ng, theo bn v thit k l4 = 0,6 m.
Do :
pm4 = 0,025
0,6 1,19.3,472
= 2,69 (N/m2)
0,04
2
Tr lc cc b :
Tr lc cc b ti on r 3 ng :
pc41 = 1
1.w32
2
(N/m2)
w4 3,47
=
= 0,47, gc cua 900, cc ng cng cao th 1 = 1,10
w3 7,41
[2-392]. Thay vo c :
Vi
- 64 -
n tt nghip
1,19.7,412
(N/m2)
= 35,94
2
Tr lc cc b do 2 gc cua 900 trn ng ng nhnh :
pc41 = 1,10
c :
1.w24
(N/m2)
pc42 = 2. 2
2
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta -
1,19.3,472
(N/m2)
pc42 = 2.0,8
= 14,33
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc4 = p41 + pc42
= 35,94 + 14,33 = 50,27 (N/m2)
Do chnh lch cao ca cc ng ng nh, do c th b qua
tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn cc ng ng
nhnh :
p4 = pd4 + pm4 + pc4
= 7,16 + 2,96 + 50,27 = 60,39 (N/m2)
* Tr lc trn ng ng (3) :
p sut ng hc :
pd3 =
1.w32 1,19.7,412
=
= 32,67
2
2
(N/m2)
Tr lc ma st :
l 3 1.w32
pm3 =
d3
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

L3 Chiu di ng ng, theo bn v thit k l4 = 44 m.
Do :
44 1,19.7,412
= 239,58 (N/m2)
0,15
2
pm3 = 0,025
1.w22
pc3 = 1
2
(N/m2)
w3 7,41
=
= 0,89, gc cua 900, cc ng cng cao th 1 = 1,39.
w2 8,33
Thay vo c :
Vi
- 65 -
n tt nghip
1,19.8,332
(N/m2)
= 57,39
2
nhnh :
p3 = pd3 + pm3 + pc3
= 32,67 + 239,58 + 57,39 = 329,64(N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
pc3 = 1,39
1.w22 1,19.8,332
pd2 =
=
= 41,29
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 2 1.w22
pm2 =
d2
2
Vi :
(N/m2)
(N/m2)

Do :
3,4 1,19.8,332
pm2 = 0,025
= 17,55 (N/m2)
0,20
2
pc2 = 1
1.w12
2
(N/m2)
w2 8,33
=
= 0,50, gc cua 900, cc ng cng cao th 1 =
w1 16,66
1,10. Thay vo c :
Vi
1,19.16,662
(N/m2)
pc2 = 1,10
= 181,66
2
nhnh :
p2 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 41,29 + 17,55 + 181,66 = 240,50 (N/m2)
* Tr lc trn cc ng ng tng (1) :
p sut ng hc :
- 66 -

pd1 =
n tt nghip
1.w12 1,19.16,662
=
= 165,15 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 1 1.w12
pm1 =
d1
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
5,7 1,19.16,662
0,20
2
=117,67
Tr lc cc b do gc cua 900 :
pm1 = 0,025
(N/m2)
1.w12
(N/m2)
2
Tra bng [2-392] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta pc1 = 2. 2
c :
1,19.16,662
(N/m2)
pc1 = 0,8
= 132,12
2
nhnh :
p1 = pd1 + pm1 + pc1
= 165,15 + 117,67 + 132,12
= 414,94
(N/m2)
Nh vy tng tr lc ca ton b h thng ng ng :
p = p4 + p3 + p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 60,39 + 329,64 + 240,50 + 414,94
= 1045,47
(N/m2)
p sut ton phn ca qut khi k n d tr 30% :
H = 1,3.p = 1,3.1045,47 = 1359,11
(N/m2)
Cn c vo nng sut v p sut, da vo th c tuyn ca
qut chn qut: -9-57 No 3 [2-488]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,60
*
S vng quay : = 240 rad/s = 2290 v/p
*
Cng sut trn trc ng c in :
- 67 -

N dc =
V .H
3600
.1000
.. c
n tt nghip
(kW)
y, c l hiu sut truyn ng. Vi truyn ng qua bng ai

c = 0,95. Do ta c :
1883
,44.1359
,11
N dc =
= 1,25
(kW)
3600
.1000
.0,6.0,95
*
Cng sut ng c thc t dng :
N = k . Ndc
Vi Ndc = 1,25 th k = 1,2. Thay vo ta c :
N = 1,2 . 1,25 = 1,5
(kW)
2. Tnh qut 2 ht kh thi :
Lng khi l cn ht :
L = L0 . kt . B
= 15,59.2,5.134,37 = 5237,07
(kg/h)
0
180 C khi lng ring ca kh thi ly bng khi lng ring ca
khng kh cng nhit . Do tnh c : 2 = 0,78 kg/m3
Do th tch kh m quat 2 phi vn chuyn l :
L 5237
,07
V= =
= 6714
,19
(m3/h)
0,78
Theo s b tr ng ng (xem bn v l), khi c thi ra mi
trng qua ng khi (1) c ng knh d1 = 400 mm = 0,40 m. Khi c
ht t l thng qua 2 ng ng chnh trn v di (2) c ng knh d2 =
300 mm = 0,30 m. Cc ng gp cng c ng knh d3 = 0,30 m dng
tp trung khi t cc ng ng nhnh (4) c ng knh d4 = 150 mm =
0,15 m.
trong ng ng (1) l :
4.V
w1 =
3600
.3,14.d12
4.6714
,19
= 14,85
3600
.3,14.0,42
4.V
w2 =
2.3600
.3,14.d22
=
=
- 68 -
4.6714
,19
= 13,20
2.3600
.3,14.0,302
(m/s)
(m/s)
n tt nghip
4.V
w3 =
6.3600
.3,14.d32
4.1883
,44
= 4,40
6.3600
.3,14.0,302
4.V
w4 =
15.3600
.3,14.d24
=
4.6714
,19
= 7,04
15.3600
.3,14.0,152
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
p sut ng hc :
=
pd4 =
(m/s)
(m/s)
2 .w24 0,78.7,042
=
= 19,33 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 4 2.w24
pm4 =
d4
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
pm4 = 0,025
0,6 0,78.7,042
= 1,93 (N/m2)
0,15
2
Tr lc cc b :
1.w32
(N/m2)
pc41 = 1
2
F4
V
= 0,25, 4 = 0,4th 1 = 2,78 + 0,46 = 3,24. Thay vo c :
Vi
F3
V3
0,78.4,402
= 24,46
2
Tr lc cc b do ti ming ng ht vo :
- 69 -
pc41 = 3,24
(N/m2)
1.w24
pc42 = 2. 2
2
(N/m2)

Tra bng [2-384] vi
n tt nghip
1,5
b
30
=
= 0,01;
=
= 0,2c 2 = 0,78. Do
d4 150
d4 150
thay vo ta c :
pc42 = 0,78
0,78.7,042
= 15,08
2
(N/m2)
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc4 = p41 + pc42
= 24,46 + 15,08 = 39,54 (N/m2)
nhnh :
p4 = pd4 + pm4 + pc4
= 19,33 + 1,93 + 39,54 = 60,80
(N/m2)
Tr lc trn ng ng (3) :
p sut ng hc :
pd3 =
2.w32 0,78.4,402
=
= 7,55
2
2
(N/m2)
Tr lc ma st :
l 3 2 .w32
pm3 =
d3
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
1,7 0,78.4,402
= 1,07 (N/m2)
0,30
2
Tr lc cc b ti 2 on r 3 ng :
pm3 = 0,025
2 .w22
pc3 = 1
2
Vi
(N/m2)
F3
V
= 1, 3 = 0,33 th 1 = 0,10 + 0,42 = 0,52 [2-391]. Thay vo F2
V2
c :
pc3 = 2.0,52
- 70 -
0,78.13,202
= 70,67
2
(N/m2)
n tt nghip

nhnh :
p3 = pd3 + pm3 + pc3
= 7,55 + 1,07 + 70,67 = 79,29 (N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
2 .w22 0,78.13,202
pd2 =
=
= 67,95 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm2 =
Vi :
l 2 2 .w22
d2
2
(N/m2)

Do :
18,4 0,78.13,202
pm2 = 0,025
= 104,20 (N/m2)
0,30
2
Tr lc cc b :
2 .w12
pc21 = 1
2
Vi
F2
V
= 1, 2 = 0,5 th 1 = 0,10 + 0,53 = 0,63. Thay vo c :
F1
V1
0,78.14,852
pc21 = 0,63
= 54,18
2
Tr lc cc b do 2 gc cua 900 :
c :
(N/m2)
(N/m2)
2 .w24
(N/m2)
pc22 = 2. 2
2
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta pc22 = 2.0,8
0,78.13,202
= 108,73 (N/m2)
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc2 = p21 + pc22
= 54,18 + 108,73 = 162,91
- 71 -
(N/m2)
n tt nghip

tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn ng ng (2) :
p2 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 67,95 + 104,20 + 162,91 = 335,06 (N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
2 .w12 0,78.14,852
pd1 =
=
= 86,00 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 1 2.w12
pm1 =
d1
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

l1 Chiu di ng ng, theo bn v thit k l1 = 20 m.
Do :
20 0,78.14,852
pm1 = 0,025
0,40
2
=157,50
(N/m2)
Tr lc cc b do gc t m ti ming ng khi :
2 .w12
(N/m2)
pc1 =
2
Vi dng kh pht ra khng gian v hn th = 1,15. Do thay
vo ta c :
0,78.14,852
(N/m2)
= 98,90
2
Tr lc hnh hc ca ng khi :
ph = l1.(1 kk).g
= 20.(0,78 1,19).9,81 = 80,44
p1 = pd1 + pm1 + pc1 + ph
= 86,00 + 157,50 + 98,90 80,44
= 261,96
(N/m2)
p = p4 + p3 + p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 60,80 + 79,29 + 335,06 + 261,96
= 737,11
(N/m2)
pc1 = 1,15
- 72 -
n tt nghip

H = 1,4.p = 1,4.737,11 = 1031,95 (N/m2)
Cn c vo nng sut v p sut0, da vo th c tuyn ca
qut chn qut: -4-70 No 5 [2-483]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,80
*
*
V .H
N dc =
(kW)
3600
.1000
.. c
c = 0,95. Do ta c :
6714
,19.1031
,95
N dc =
= 2,53
(kW)
3600
.1000
.0,8.0,95
*
N = k . Ndc
N = 1,15. 2,53 = 3
(kW)
3. Tnh qut lm lnh nhanh :
Lng khng kh cn thit lm lnh nhanh sn phm tnh c
l :
X 11 = 1351
,33
(kg/h)
Lng khng kh dng pha thm :

X 12 = 3802
,88
(kg/h)
Lng khng kh ma qut 3 phi cung cp l :

X 1 = X 11 + X 12 = 5154
,21
(kg/h)
23 0C khi lng ring ca khng kh l : 1 = 1,19 kg/m3

X
5154
,21
V= 1=
= 4331
,27
(m3/h)
1
1,19
Trong :
* Th tch kh dng lm lnh :
V1 =
X 11 1351
,33
=
= 1135
,57
1
1,19
* Th tch kh dng pha thm :

- 73 -
(m3/h)

V2 =
X 12 3802
,88
=
= 3195
,70
1
1,19
n tt nghip
(m3/h)
Theo s b tr ng ng (xem bn v l), khng kh dng

lm lnh nhanh c vn chuyn bng ng ng tng (1) c ng knh
d1 = 300 mm = 0,30 m n 2 ng ng dn kh vo lm lnh (2.1) c
ng knh d21 = 200 mm = 0,2 m v dn kh pha thm (2.2) c ng
knh d22 = 0,30 m. T ng ng (2) khng kh c dn theo 4 ng ng
chnh chy dc l (3) c ng knh d3 = 150 mm = 0,15 m. ng dn kh
chy t ng ng chnh vo trong zone lm lnh nhanh (4) c ng
knh d4 = 40 mm = 0,04 m.
Zone lm lnh nhanh keo di t modul 27 n modul 29, s ng
lm lnh nhanh l : N = 20 ng
trong ng ng (1) l :
4.V
w1 =
3600
.3,14.d12
4.4331
,27
= 17,03
3600
.3,14.0,32
* Vi on ng dn kh vo lm lnh :
4.V1
w21 =
3600
.3,14.d221
=
(m/s)
4.1135
,57
= 10,05
(m/s)
3600
.3,14.0,22
* Vi on ng dn kh vo pha thm :
4.V2
w22 =
3600
.3,14.d222
=
4.3195
,70
= 12,56
3600
.3,14.0,32
(m/s)
4.V3
w3 =
4.3600
.3,14.d32
4.1135
,57
= 4,46
4.3600
.3,14.0,152
=
- 74 -
(m/s)

w4 =
n tt nghip
4.V1
20.3600
.3,14.d24
4.1135
,57
= 12,56
20.3600
.3,14.0,042
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
* Tr lc trn cc ng ng (4) :
p sut ng hc :
=
(m/s)
1.w24 1,19.12,562
pd4 =
=
= 93,86 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 4 1.w24
pm4 =
d4
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
4,5 1,19.12,562
pm4 = 0,025
= 263,99 (N/m2)
0,04
2
Tr lc cc b :
1.w32
pc41 = 1
2
Vi
(N/m2)
w4 12,56
=
= 2,82, gc cua 900, th 1 = 14,6. Thay vo c :
w3 4,46
1,19.4,462
(N/m2)
= 172,80
2
pc41 = 14,6
c :
1.w24
(N/m2)
pc42 = 2. 2
2
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta pc42 = 2.0,8
1,19.12,562
= 150,18
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc4 = p41 + pc42
- 75 -
(N/m2)
n tt nghip
= 172,80 + 150,18 = 322,98

(N/m2)
nhnh :
p4 = pd4 + pm4 + pc4
= 93,86 + 263,99 + 322,98
= 680,83
(N/m2)
Tr lc trn ng ng (3) :
p sut ng hc :
1.w32 1,19.4,462
pd3 =
=
= 11,84
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm3 =
Vi :
l 3 1.w32
d3
2
(N/m2)
(N/m2)

Do :
5,9 1,19.4,462
pm3 = 0,025
= 11,64 (N/m2)
0,15
2
Tr lc cc b :
1.w221
pc31 = 1
2
(N/m2)
w3
4,46
=
w21 10,05
1,07. Thay vo c :
Vi
1,19.10,052
(N/m2)
pc31 = 1,07
= 64,30
2
0
Tr lc cc b do gc cua 90 trn ng ng nhnh :
c :
1.w32
(N/m2)
pc32 = 2. 2
2
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta pc32 = 0,8
- 76 -
1,19.4,462
= 9,47
2
(N/m2)
n tt nghip
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc3 = p31 + pc32
= 64,30 + 9,47 = 73,77
(N/m2)
nhnh :
p3 = pd3 + pm3 + pc3
= 11,84 + 11,64 + 73,77 = 97,25
(N/m2)
Tr lc trn ng ng (2.1)
p sut ng hc :
pd2 =
1.w221 1,19.10,052
=
= 60,10 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 2 1.w22
pm2 =
d2
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
14,8 1,19.10,052
0,20
2
= 111,18
pm2 = 0,025
(N/m2)
Tr lc cc b :
1.w221
pc21 = 1
2
(N/m2)
w21
= 1, gc cua 900, cc ng cng cao th 1 = 1,45. Thay
w21
vo c :
Vi
1,19.10,052
pc21 = 1,45
= 87,14
2
1.w221
pc22 = 2. 2
2
- 77 -
(N/m2)
(N/m2)
c :
n tt nghip
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta 1,19.10,052

(N/m2)
pc22 = 2.0,8
= 96,15
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc2 = pc21 + pc22
= 87,14 + 96,15 = 183,29 (N/m2)

(2.1) :
p21 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 60,10 + 111,18 + 183,29
= 354,57
(N/m2)
Tr lc trn ng ng (2.2)
p sut ng hc :
pd2 =
1.w222 1,19.12,562
=
= 93,86 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 22 1.w222
pm2 =
d22
2
Vi :
m.
(N/m2)

l22 Chiu di ng ng, theo bn v thit k l22 = 0,16
Do :
pm2 = 0,025
0,16 1,19.12,562
0,30
2
= 1,25
(N/m2)
Tr lc cc b :
1.w12
(N/m2)
pc2 = 1
2
w22 12,56
w
10,05
=
= 0,74, 21 =
= 0,59gc cua 900, cc ng cng
Vi
w11 17,03
w1 17,03
cao th 1 = 1,28 + 0,06 = 1,34. Thay vo c :
- 78 -
n tt nghip
1,19.17,032
(N/m2)
= 231,23
2
(2.2) :
p22 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 93,86 + 1,25 + 231,23
= 326,34
(N/m2)
Nh vy tr lc trn h thng ng ng (2) s l :
p2 = p21 + p22
= 354,57 + 326,34 =680,91
(N/m2)
Tr lc trn ng ng tng (1) :
p sut ng hc :
pc2 = 1,34
pd1 =
1.w12 1,19.17,032
=
= 172,56 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm1 =
Vi :
l 1 1.w12
d1
2
(N/m2)

Do :
3,5 1,19.17,032
0,30
2
= 50,33
(N/m2)
nhnh :
p1 = pd1 + pm1
= 172,56 + 50,33 = 222,89
(N/m2)
p = p4 + p3 + p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 680,83 + 97,25 + 680,91 + 222,89
= 1681,88
(N/m2)
H = 1,3.p = 1,3.1681,88 = 2186,44
(N/m2)
pm1 = 0,025
- 79 -
n tt nghip

qut chn qut: -8-18 No 8 [2-492]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,58
*
*
V .H
N dc =
(kW)
3600
.1000
.. c
c = 0,95. Do ta c :
4331
,27.2186
,44
N dc =
= 4,77 (kW)
3600
.1000
.0,58.0,95
*
N = k . Ndc
N = 1,15 . 4,77 = 5,5
(kW)
4. Tnh qut 4 lm lnh gin tip :
Lng khng kh dng lm lnh gin tip tnh c l :
X2 = 1994,94
(kg/h)
Nhit ca kh vo lm lnh gin tip ly bng nhit mi trng (23 0C). Nhit ca kh ra chn l 150 0C. Nhit trung
bnh ca kh i trong ng l :
23+ 150
= 86,5
(0C)
2
T tm c khi lng ring ca khng kh l 3 = 0,98 kg/m3
X
1994
,94
V= 2=
= 2035
,65
(m3/h)
3
0,98
lm lnh gin tip c vn chuyn bng qut theo ng tng (1) c ng
knh d1 = 200 mm = 0,20 m. Sau qua 3 ng ng chnh chy dc l
(2) c ng knh d2 = 150 mm = 0,15 m. ng dn khng kh vo lm
lnh (3) c ng knh d3 = 40 mm = 0,04 m.
Zone lm lnh gin tip ko di t modul 30 n modul 33. S ng
lm lnh gin tip l : N = 60 ng
trong ng ng (1) l :
- 80 -

w1 =
n tt nghip
4.V
3600
.3,14.d12
4.2035
,65
= 18,01
3600
.3,14.0,22
4.V
w2 =
2.3600
.3,14.d22
=
4.2035
,65
= 10,67
3.3600
.3,14.0,152
4.V
w3 =
60.3600
.3,14.d32
=
4.2035
,65
= 7,50
60.3600
.3,14.0,042
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
p sut ng hc :
=
pd3 =
(m/s)
(m/s)
(m/s)
3.w32 0,98.7,502
=
= 27,56 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm3 =
Vi :
l 3 3.w32
d3
2
(N/m2)

Do :
pm3 = 0,025
3,3 0,98.7,502
= 56,85 (N/m2)
0,04
2
Tr lc cc b :
pc31 = 1
Vi
- 81 -
1.w32
2
(N/m2)
F3
V
= 0,1, 3 = 0,1th 1 = 3,8 + 0,16 = 3,96. Thay vo c :
F2
V2

0,98.7,502
= 109,15
2
Tr lc cc b ti ming ng ht vo :
pc31 = 3,96
n tt nghip
(N/m2)
3.w32
(N/m2)
pc32 = 2. 2
2
01
b 30
=
= 0,025;
=
= 0,75c 2 = 0,67. Do
Tra bng [2-388] vi
d3 40
d3 40
thay vo ta c :
0,98.7,502
= 18,47
2
pc32 = 0,67
(N/m2)
3.w32
(N/m2)
2
c :
0,98.7,502
pc22 = 2.0,8
= 44,10
2
(N/m2)
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc3 = pc31 + pc32 + pc33
= 109,15 + 18,47 + 44,10 = 171,72 (N/m2)
tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn cc ng ng (3) :
p3 = pd3 + pm3 + pc3
= 27,56 + 56,85 + 171,72 = 256,13 (N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
3.w22 0,98.10,672
pd2 =
=
= 55,79 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm2 =
Vi :
Do :
- 82 -
l 2 3.w22
d2
2
(N/m2)

n tt nghip
8,8 0,98.10,672
= 81,82 (N/m2)
0,15
2
0
Tr lc cc b do gc cua 90 :
pm2 = 0,025
c :
3.w22
(N/m2)
pc2 = 2. 2
2
Tra bng [2-394] vi a/b = 0,3 c 2 = 0,80. Do thay vo ta -
0,98.10,672
(N/m2)
= 44,63
2
tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn cc ng ng (2) :
pc2 = 0,8
p2 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2

= 55,79 + 81,82 + 44,63 = 182,24
p sut ng hc :
(N/m2)
3.w12 0,98.18,012
pd1 =
=
= 158,94 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 1 3.w12
pm1 =
d1
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
6,3 0,98.18,012
pm1 = 0,025
= 125,16 (N/m2)
0,20
2
Tr lc cc b :
Tr lc cc b ti 2 on r 3 ng :
3.w12
pc11 = 2.1
2
Vi
(N/m2)
F2
V
= 1, 2 = 0,33 th 1 = 0,03 + 0,38 = 0,41. Thay vo c :
F1
V1
0,98.18,012
pc11 = 2.0,41
= 130,33 (N/m2)
2
0
- 83 -
n tt nghip
3.w12
(N/m2)
2
c :
0,98.18,012
pc12 = 2.0,8
= 254,30 (N/m2)
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc1 = pc11 + pc12
= 130,33 + 254,30 = 384,63
(N/m2)
tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn ng ng (1) :
p1 = pd1 + pm1 + pc1
= 158,94 + 174,83 + 384,63
= 718,40
(N/m2)
p = p3 + p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 256,13 + 182,24 +718,40
= 1156,77
(N/m2)
H = 1,3.p = 1,3.1156,77 = 1503,80
(N/m2)
qut chn qut: -4-70 No 5 [2-483]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,60
*
*
V .H
N dc =
(kW)
3600
.1000
.. c
c = 0,95. Do ta c :
2035
,65.1503
,80
N dc =
= 1,49
(kW)
3600
.1000
.0,6.0,95
*
N = k . Ndc
N = 1,2. 1,49 = 1,8
(kW)
- 84 -
n tt nghip
5. Tnh qut thi kh lm lnh cui :

Lng khng kh cn thit lm lnh sn phm tnh c l :
X 3 = 4704
,35
(kg/h)
X
4704
,35
V= 3=
= 3953
,24
(m3/h)
1
1,19
lm lnh ti zone lm lnh cui c vn chuyn bng ng ng tng (1)
c ng knh d1 = 300 mm = 0,30 m n 2 ng ng dn kh vo lm
lnh (2) c ng knh d2 = 300 mm = 0,2 m. T ng ng (2) khng kh
c dn vo lm lnh sn phm thng qua ng ng (3) c ng knh
d4 = 150 mm = 0,15 m.
Zone lm lnh cui ko di t modul 34 n modul 47, s ng thi
kh lm lnh l : N = 12 ng
trong ng ng (1) l :
4.V
w1 =
3600
.3,14.d12
4.3953
,24
= 15,54
3600
.3,14.0,32
4.V1
w2 =
2.3600
.3,14.d22
=
4.3953
,24
= 17,49
2.3600
.3,14.0,22
4.V3
w3 =
12.3600
.3,14.d32
=
4.3953
,24
= 11,66
12.3600
.3,14.0,12
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
p sut ng hc :
=
- 85 -
(m/s)
(m/s)
(m/s)

pd3 =
n tt nghip
1.w32 1,19.11,662
=
= 80,89 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 3 1.w32
pm3 =
d3
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
0,6 1,19.11,662
= 12,13 (N/m2)
0,10
2
pm3 = 0,025
1.w22
pc3 = 1
2
Vi
(N/m2)
w3 11,66
=
= 1,50, gc cua 900, th 1 = 1,86. Thay vo c :
w2 7,77
1,19.7,772
(N/m2)
pc3 = 1,86
= 66,81
2
nhnh :
p3 = pd3 + pm3 + pc3
= 80,89 + 12,13 + 66,8
= 159,83
(N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
pd2 =
1.w22 1,19.7,772
=
= 35,92
2
2
(N/m2)
Tr lc ma st :
l 2 1.w22
pm2 =
d2
2
Vi :
Do :
- 86 -
(N/m2)


pm2 = 0,025
n tt nghip
15,2 1,19.7,772
= 45,50 (N/m2)
0,30
2
Tr lc cc b :
pc21 = 1
1.w12
2
(N/m2)
w2 7,77
=
w1 15,54
1,10. Thay vo c :
Vi
1,19.15,542
(N/m2)
pc21 = 1,10
= 143,69
2
1.w22
(N/m2)
2
c :
1,19.7,772
(N/m2)
pc22 = 2.0,8
= 57,48
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc2 = pc21 + pc22
= 143,69 + 57,48 = 201,17
(N/m2)
nhnh :
p2 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 35,92 + 45,50 + 201,17
= 282,59
(N/m2)
* Tr lc trn ng ng tng (1) :
p sut ng hc :
pd1 =
1.w12 1,19.15,542
=
= 143,69 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 1 1.w12
pm1 =
d1
2
Vi :
- 87 -
(N/m2)
n tt nghip

Do :
1,4 1,19.15.542
pm1 = 0,025
0,30
2
= 16,76
(N/m2)
nhnh :
p1 = pd1 + pm1
= 143,69 + 16,76 = 160,45
(N/m2)
p = p3 + p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 159,83 + 282,59 + 160,45
= 602,87
(N/m2)
H = 1,4.p = 1,4.602,87 = 844,02 (N/m2)
qut chn qut: -4-70 No 4 [2-482]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,80
*
*
V .H
N dc =
(kW)
3600
.1000
.. c
c = 0,95. Do ta c :
3953
,24.844,02
N dc =
= 1,22
(kW)
3600
.1000
.0,80.0,95
*
N = k . Ndc
N = 1,2 . 1,22 = 1,5
(kW)
6. Tnh qut 6 ht kh nng ti zone lm lnh cui :
Lng khng kh nng cn ht :
L = X1 + X3
= 5154,21 + 4704,35 = 9858,56 (kg/h)
- 88 -
n tt nghip

L 9858
,56
V= =
= 13144
,75
(m3/h)
0,75
Theo s b tr ng ng (xem bn v l), khng kh nng c
ra qua ng ng tng (1) c ng knh d1 = 400 mm = 0,40 m. ng
dn kh t l n ng ng tng (2) c ng knh d2 = 20 mm = 0,30
m.
trong ng ng (1) l :
4.V
w1 =
3600
.3,14.d12
4.13144
,75
= 29,07
3600
.3,14.0,42
4.V
w2 =
9.3600
.3,14.d22
=
4.13144
,75
= 12,92
9.3600
.3,14.0,22
Tnh tr lc ng ng :
p sut ng hc :
=
pd2 =
(m/s)
(m/s)
2 .w22 0,75.12,922
=
= 62,60 (N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
l 2 4 .w22
pm2 =
d2
2
Vi :
(N/m2)

Do :
pm2 = 0,025
0,4 0,75.12,922
= 3,13 (N/m2)
0,2
2
Tr lc cc b :
- 89 -

pc21 = 1
Vi
4 .w12
2
n tt nghip
(N/m2)
F2
V
= 0,25, 2 = 0,1th 1 = 0,46 + 0,16 = 0,62. Thay vo c :
F1
V1
0,75.29,072
pc21 = 0,62
= 196,48
2
Tr lc cc b ti ming ng ht vo :
(N/m2)
1.w22
(N/m2)
2
1,5
b
30
=
= 0,01;
=
= 0,15c 2 = 0,75. Do
Tra bng [2-388] vi
d2 200
d4 200
thay vo ta c :
pc22 = 2
0,75.12,922
pc22 = 0,75
= 46,95 (N/m2)
2
Tng tr lc cc b :
pc2 = pc21 + pc22
= 196,48 + 46,95 = 243,43
(N/m2)
nhnh :
p2 = pd2 + pm2 + pc2
= 62,60 + 3,13 +243,43 = 309,18
(N/m2)
p sut ng hc :
pd1 =
4.w12 0,75.29,072
=
= 316,90(N/m2)
2
2
Tr lc ma st :
pm3 =
Vi :
m.
l 1 4 .w12
d1
2

l1 Chiu di ng ng, theo bn v thit k l1 = 39,00
Do :
39 0,75.29,072
pm1 = 0,025
0,40
2
- 90 -
(N/m2)

= 772,44
n tt nghip
(N/m2)
4 .w12
(N/m2)
2
Vi on ng c cng ng knh 1 = 0,46 + 0,53 = 0,99. Thay vo
pc1 = 1
c :
0,75.29,072
pc1 = 0,99
= 313,73 (N/m2)
2
Do chnh lch cao ca cc ng ng nh, do c th b
tr lc hnh hc. T ta tnh c tng tr lc trn cc ng
nhnh :
p1 = pd1 + pm1 + pc1
= 316,90 + 772,44 + 313,73
= 1403,07
(N/m2)
p = p2 + p1
(N/m2)
= 309,18 + 1403,07
= 1712,25
(N/m2)
H = 1,3.p = 1,3.1712,25 = 2225,93
(N/m2)
Do lng kh cn vn chuyn ln nn ta s dung 2 qut
chuyn kh, do lng kh nng m mi qut phi vn chuyn l :
V 13144
,75
=
= 6572
,38
(m3)
2
2
Cn c vo nng sut v p sut, da vo th c tuyn
qut chn qut: -8-18 No 11 [2-493]
*
Hiu sut : = 0,58
*
*
V .H
N dc =
(kW)
3600
.1000
.. c
qua
ng
vn
ca

c = 0,95. Do ta c :
6572
,38.2225
,93
N dc =
= 7,38 (kW)
3600
.1000
.0,55.0,95
*
- 91 -
n tt nghip
N = k . Ndc
N = 1,10. 7,38 = 8,1
(kW)
H thng qut phc v cho l nung :
Tn qut
Qut cung cp kh
chy
K hiu
-9-57
No
-4-70
No
-8-18
No
-4-70
No
Qut thi kh lm
ngui cui
-4-70
No
Qut ht kh lm ngui
cui
-8-18
No
Qut ht kh thi
Qut lm lnh nhanh
Qut lm lnh gin tip
- 92 -
3
5
8
5
4
11
Lu lng p sut
S lng
m3/h
N/m2
Cng
sut
kW
1883,4 1359,1
4
1
1,5
6714,1 1031,9
9
5
3,0
4331,2 2186,4
7
4
5,5
2035,6 1503,8
5
0
1,8
3953,2
844,02
4
1,5
6572,3 2225,9
8
3
8,1

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Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

IV. Tnh l nung thanh ln :

IV.1. Kch thc l thanh ln :

D kin hao ht trong cng on nung nh sau :

T ta lp c bng cn bng vt cht

Khi lng lm vic

Nh vy nng sut cn nung trong mt nm ca l s l Gn =

1.2. Tnh kch thc l :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Gv = tn . gn = 1.5082.78 = 5082.78 (kg)

Gch xp trong l nung theo cc hng, mi hng gm 5 vin. Kch

Chiu di mt modul l 2,2 m, nn s modul tnh c l :

1.3. ng cong nung :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

IV.2. Tnh qu trnh chy nhin liu

i sang thnh phn ha (%

2.1. Tnh nhit tr ca nhin liu :

= 0,231.(1,07 1).15,59 = 0,25 (kg/kg nhl)

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

T ta tnh c % khi lng ca cc kh trong sn phm chy nh

Khi lng (kg/kg

IV.3. Tnh cn bng nhit cho l nung :

1.1.2. Nhit l hc ca nhin liu :[1-351]

Trong cnl l nhit dung ring ca nhin liu nhit nhin

1.1.3. Nhit l hc do khng kh dng cho qu trnh t nhin liu

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

ckk Nhit dung ring ca khng kh nhit tkk =

1.1.4. Nhit l hc ca khng kh lt vo do kt cu ca l khng

L0 Lng khng kh l thuyt cn t chy 1 kg

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Qa1 = 11022,15.B + 12,95.B + 92,07.B + 123,06.B + 26630,717

1.2.2. Nhit t nng hi nc n nhit ca kh thi :[1-353]

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

100 1 100 4,13

Q15b = ckt.tkt. kt.L 0.B

tkt Nhit ca kh thi, c tkt = 180 0C.

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

* Nhit tn tht qua tng :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

T1 + T2' 361,5 + 250,96

* Nhit trung bnh lp bng gm :

T2' + T3' 250,96+ 38,22

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Ta thy sai s u rt nh, do c th chp nhn c gi thit

* Nhit tn tht qua vm :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

T tnh c nhit tr ca tng l :

T1 + T2' 361,5 + 244,36

* Nhit trung bnh lp bng gm :

T2' + T3' 244,36+ 36,96

Ta thy sai s u rt nh, do c th chp nhn c gi thit

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

* Nhit tn tht qua nn l :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

T1 + T2' 361,5 + 251,43

* Nhit trung bnh lp bng gm :

T2' + T3' 251,43+ 39,60

Ta thy sai s u rt nh, do c th chp nhn c gi thit

Tm li nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh ca zone sy l :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Nhit t 700 0C n 1000 0C, do nhit trung bnh l :

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni

Trng i hc cng nghip h ni