Capi t ul o 4

1

Capi t ul o 4
4. 15
1)
10 1 9
10.10.(3 7 3) .(2.3 7) 100(3 7 3) (6 7) x x x x x x

+ + = + +
2)
5 3 5 1 5 1 3 1 5 3 4 4 4
5 10
(2 6 ) .(2.5 3.6 ) (2 6 ) .(5 9 )
3 3
x x x x x x x x

+ = +
3)
2 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1
3 3
( ) .(2 ) ( ) .(2 ) bx ax bx ax bx ax bx a
a a

+ + = + +
4)
2 10 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 9 1 3
10(3 6 ) (3.2 6 ) 2 60(3 6 ) ( 1) 2 x x x x x x x x x

+ + + = + + +
5)
2 7 1 2 1 1 1 4 4 1 2 6
2 6 1 4 3 2 7
2 6 3 1 2 7
7.(7 6 ) .(7.2. 6 ).(3. 1) 4.(3 1) .(3 ).(7 6 )
7.(7 6 ) .(7.2. 6).(3. 1) 4.(3 1) .(3 ).(7 6 )
(7 6 ) .(3 1) [7.(14 6).(3. 1) 12.(7 6 )
t t t t t t t t
t t t t t t t
t t t t t t t

+ + + + =
+ + + + =
+ + + +

6)
2 6 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 6
2 5 3 2 2 6
2 5 2 2
2 5 2
6.(5 2 ) .(5.2. ).(3. 1) 3.(3. 1) .(3 ).(5 2 )
6.(5 2 ) .(10. ).(3. 1) 3.(3. 1) .(3).(5 2 )
(5 2 ) (3. 1) .[60. .(3. 1) 9.(5 2 ) ]
(5 2 ) (3. 1) .[225 78 ]
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x

+ =
+ =
+ =
+
6)

7)
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
( ) ( )
1 1 2 1 3 1
2
2
4 4
2 3 . 7 2.2 7 1
7 1
3.
2 3
2 3
7 1 [14 21 28 4 ] 3.(7 1)[ 14 21 4 ]
3.
1
2 3 2 3
t t t t
t
t
t
t t t t t t t
t t

(
+ +
+ | |
( =
|
+
\ . + (

( (
+ + + + | |
= ( (
|
\ . + +
( (


8)
Capi t ul o 4

2

( ) ( )
1 1
1
4 1 3
2 2
1 1 1 1
4. 2 5 (2) . 8. 2 5 .
( 1) 2 ( 1) 2
x x x x
x x

=
+ +

9)
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2 1
2
1
1
3
2 2 2 1 1 1
2
3
2 2
4
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3 6 2 .2. 3 6 2 . 3.2. 6
3
12
3 6 2 . 3 6 2 . 1
3
4. 3 6 2 . 1
1
4
3 6 2
x x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x
x
x x

| |

|
\ .

| |

|
\ .
| |
+
|
\ .
(
+ + + =
(

(
+ + + =
(

(
+ + =
(

+
(
+
(


10)
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
1
3
2 2 1 1 1
4
3
2
1
4 5 2 4.2 5
3
1
4 5 2 8 5
3
t t t t
t t t
| |

|
\ .
| |

|
\ .
(
+ =
(

(
+
(


11)
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
1
2 2
1 3
2 2
1
1
2
1
2. 3 1 3 1 .2
2
2. 3 1 3 1 .
3 1 [2 3 1 3 1 . ]
3 2
3 1 . 3 1
x x x
x x x
x x x x
x
x x



=
=
=
| |

|
|

\ .

Segunda Al t er nat i va:
12)
Capi t ul o 4

3

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
1
5 5
1
1
2
2
5
6 1 1
5 5 2
1
. . 3 1 .3 2. . 3 1
7 1
5
. 3 1 .3
2 2
3 1
7 3 3
. . . 3 1 2. . 3 1 3 1
2 5 2
x x x x
x
x
x x x x x

(
+ +
(
+ + =
(
(
+

(
+ + + +
(



13)
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
1
2 2
2 2
1
2
1 3 1
2
2 2 2
2 1 1. 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3
. . . .
2 1 2 1
1 1
3 1 3 1
2 1 . .
2 2
1 1 . 2 1
t t t t
t t
t t
t
t t t

( (
| | | | + + +
= = ( ( | |
| |


( (
\ . \ .

(
(
+ =
(
+
(


14)
( ) ( )
2 2
3 6 7 2 1 1 1 3 6 7
2 . 3.2. 6 12 . 1
x x x x
e x x e x
+ + + +
+ = +

15)
( )
3 1 1 3
1 1
. 1.
3 3
x x
e x e

=
16)
( )
1
1
2
1
2 2
x
x x
e
e e x
x

= =

17)
( ) ( )
2 2
3 6 2 1 3 6 1
2 .ln 2. 6 6 3.2 .ln 2. 1
x x x x
x x
+ + +
+ = +
18)
( ) ( )
ln 2
ln 2
ln 2
1
1 1 1 1 2 .ln 2
.ln . 2 . ln 0 ln 2 . .
2 2 2 2
x
x
x
x x x

| |
= =
|
\ .

19)
Capi t ul o 4

4

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3 1
2 2 1 1 1 3 1 1
2
2 3
2
2 3
3. 7 6 1 7.2. 6 2 3
3. 7 6 1 14. 6 2 3
6 7 6 1 7 3
s
s
s
s s s s e s
s s s e
s s s e

+ + + =
+ + + =
(
+ +
(


20)
2 2 2 2
.( . 2 ) ( 1) . 2 1

t t t t
t e t e e t e
t t

+
=
21)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 9
2 5 . . 5 2 5 . . 5 5 . .
2 2 2 2
t t t t t
t
e t t e t t e t e t t e t t

(
+ + + = + + + = + +
(


22)
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1 1 1
1
2 2 2
2 2 3
2
1 1 . 2
1 1 1 1 1
. . . . .
2 1 2 1 1
1 1
1
t t t t t t
t t t
t t
t t
t
e e e e e e
e e e
e e
e e
e

( ( +
| | | | | |

= =
| | |
+ +
\ . \ . \ . + +
+

23)
1 1
2 2
2 2
.log .log
2 4 2 4
x
e e
x x

=
+ +

24)
( )
2
2 1
1 1 2
2
bx a
bx
a x ax

=
25)
( )
( )
( )
1
1
2
3
1
3
2
1
4
log
1
2
.log .
2
1
4
s
e
e
s
s

+
=
+
+

26)
( )
( )
2 1
2
2
7.2. .
1 7
2 7 4
7 4
x
x
x
x

27)
Capi t ul o 4

5

( )
( )
( )
2
1 1 2 1
3 3
2 2
2 1 1 2 2
. 2 . .
1 1 1
1 . 1
x x x x
x x
x
x x x x x
x x x

| | | |
= = =
| |
+
+ +
\ . \ .
+


28)
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( )
2
1 .1 1 1 2
.
1
1 1 1
x x x
x
x x x
+ +
=
+
+

29)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2
2
3 6 3 3 3 6 2 1 3 6 3
6 12 6 12
3
3 6
.3ln . . 6 1 ln .3. ln 2 1 ln
.3. ln 2 1 ln
x x x x x x x x x
x x x x
x
x x
b a a a b x b b a a x b
b b
a a x b
b

( (

= =
(



30)
( )
1
1
2
1 1
.ln . . .ln .
2
2
t t
a a a a
t
b b b b
t
| | | | | | | |
=
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

31)
( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
1 1 1
2 2 1
2 1
2
1 2 1 .2 2 1 .ln 2 1 . 2
2. 1 2 1 2 . 2 1 .ln 2 1
t t
t t
t t t t t
t t t t t



+ + + + =
+ + + +

32)
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1
1
1
4 . .2 . 4 .ln 4
2
1
2 . . 4 . . 4 .ln 4
2
x x
x x x x
x x
x x x x
x e e x e e
x
x x e e e e
x

+ + + + =
+ + + +

33)
Capi t ul o 4

6

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
ln 1 ln
ln 1 ln
ln ln
ln
1
ln . . . .ln
2
. n 1
.
2
. n
2
. n .
a bs a bs
a bs a bs
a bs a bs
a bs
b
a bs a bs b a bs a bs
a bs
b l a bs
a bs a bs
a bs
b l a bs a bs a bs
a bs
b l a bs a bs
a bs
+ +
+ +
+ +
+
(
+ + + + +
(
+

( +
+ + + =
(
+

(
+ + + +
= (
+
(

+ +
+

34)
1 1
cos(2 4).(2 ) 2.cos(2 4) x x x

+ = +
35)
( )
1 1
.
2 2
sen u u sen u

| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

36)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 1 1 1 2
2 2 3 1 . 4 3 2 2 3 1 . 4 3 sen sen

+ = +
37)
2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2
2 .2. . 2 2cos . 2 .2. 4. . . 2 4cos . 2 sen sen sen sen sen sen

+ = +

38)
2 .2
2
2
sen
sen

=
39)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )
3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3. 3 6 .cos 3 6 . 6 6 18. 3 6 .cos 3 6 1 sen x x x x x sen x x x x x

+ + + = + + +
40)
2 2
cos 1 sen x x + =
41)
1 1
3sec (2 1).2 6sec (2 1)
2 2
x x
x x
+ + = + +
Capi t ul o 4

7

42)
3 1 2
3 sec (2 1).2 6 sec (2 1) co s co s

+ = +
43)
2 1
2
3.2.sec .sec .
3.sec .
2
x x tgx
x tgx

=
44)
2 1
2 2
1 1 2cos
2. . .cos 2cot .cos
.
x
x gx ec x
senx sen x senx sen x

| |
= =
|
\ .

45)
| |
2 2 2
.2.cos3 3 . 2.cos3 3 3
x x x
e x sen x e e x sen x =

46)
2
cos( 1) . ( 1) cos( 1) . ( 1)
x x
x x
x e e sen x x sen x
e e
+ + + +
=

47)
( )
2 1 3 3 3 3 1 2 2 3 3
2. cos . cos .cot .3. 6. . cos . cot ec ec g ec g

=
48)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 1
1 2 1
. . cos cos 2
2 2 2
sen x sen x x sen x x sen x

= = =
49)
( )
1 . .
. . .
2 cos 2 cos
a b senx
a senbx b
bx bx

=
50)
( )
2
1
.2.cos .
cos
x senx tgx
x
=
51)
( )
2 1
2 2 2
2. . sec 2. . .sec . u tgu u u tgu u tgu u u tg u

( ( + = +


Capi t ul o 4

8

52)
( ) | |
2 2
3 2 .2 3 2. 2
.log .log
3 cos 2 3 cos 2
sen x sen x
e e
x x x x
+ ( +

=


53)
( )
cot cot
ln . cos ln .cos
g g
a a ec a a ec

=
54)
( )
2cos2 2cos2
. 2 2 .2 4 . 2
t t
e sen t e sen t =
55)
( )
2 1
2 2
1 2
2. .
1 1
arcsenx
arcsenx
x x

=


56)
2 2
2
1 2 2 2
.
3
3
9 4
2
. 9 4
1
3
3
x
x
x

= =

| |

|
\ .

57)
( )
2 2
3 3
cos 3 . cos 3
1 9
1 3
t
ar t t ar t
t
t
=

58)
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1
. 1
2 4
1
4 2
1 4 1 1
s
s arcsen
s s
arcsen
s s s s
+

=
+ + +

59)
( ) ( )
2 2
1 cos
.cos 1
1 1
t
t
senx senx
= =


60)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1
2 2 1 2
. .
1
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1
x
x x x
x x x x
x

= =
( (
| | + +
+ ( (
|

\ .

Capi t ul o 4

9

61)
( )
2
1 1 1
.
2 2 1
. 1
x x x
x x
=

62)
cosh(2 1).2 2.cosh(2 1) x x =
63)
( )
( )
2 1 2
2
2
2
2
1
2 . cos (2 3) . .2
2 3 2 3 1
2
2 . cos (2 3)
2 3 2 3 1
t arc ec t t
t t
t
t arc ec t
t t

+ =
+ +
+
+ +

64)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 1 2
2 2
2 1
1
. 1 .2 2 1
cosh 1 cosh 1
t senh t
senh t t t tgh t
t t

= =


65)
( ) ( )
1 1 1 1 1
.ln . .cos .ln .cot

senhx hx senhx ghx
x x senhx x x
+ = +
66)
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2 1
2 2 2 2 1
2
2 2 2
sec 4 3 .2. 4 3 .4.2.
16 . 4 3 .sec 4 3
h t t t
t t h t

=


67)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
1
1
2 2 2 1
2 2 1 2
1 2
2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2
1
cot 1 . cos 1 .2. 1 .2.
2
1
. cot 1 . cos 1
2
1 cos 1
2 cot 1
gh t ech t t t
t
gh t ech t
t ech t
gh t

( (
+ + + =

+
( (
+ + =
( (

+ +
+

68)
Capi t ul o 4

10

1
sec [ln ] [ln ]. h x tgh x
x

69)
( )
3 1
3
3 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 1
3. cos . cos cot .

3 1 3 1 1
3. cos . ot .

x x x x x
ech ech gh
x x x x
x x
ech c gh
x x x

+ + ( + + ( | | | | | |
=
| | | ( (
\ . \ . \ .
+ ( + ( | | | |

| | ( (
\ . \ .

70)
( )
2 1
2 2
1 2arg
2 arg .
1 1
senhx
senhx
x x

=
+ +

71)
2 2
1 1
arg . .2 arg
1 2 1
cohx x x cohx
x x
+ =


72)
2 1
2 4 4
2
1 2 4
.
4 2 4
1
4
2
x x x
x x
x

= =

| |

|
\ .

73)
2 2 1 2
4 4
1 2
arg cot . .2 argcot
1 1
x
ghx x x ghx
x x

+ = +


74)
( )
( )
2 2
1 1
argsec 1 . .2 argsec
2 . 1 4 1 4
x
hx x hx
x x x x
+
+ =


75)
2 1
2
2
4 4
2. argcos
1 2 argcos
. .2
2
1 1
hx
x hx
x
x x

(

=


76)
Capi t ul o 4

11


2 1
2 1
1
2
2
1
2
2
x
x
e x
e x

>

<

77)
0 0
'( ) .cos 3 3 3 .
'(0) .cos 0 3 0
'(0) 1.1 0 1
x x
f x e x sen x e
f e e sen
f

=
=
= =

78)
2 2
1 1 1 1 1
'( ) .
1 2 1
4 4
4
1 1 3 2 3 3 2 3
'(1) .
2 6 3 2 3 3
f x
x x
x x
f
= + = +
+ +

+ +
= + = =

79)
0 0
'( )
( )
(0) . '(0) . 1
x
x
f x e
f x e
f x f e x e x

=
=
+ = =

80)
'( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 cos 1 cos( )
:
cos(0 ) cos 0.cos . 0 cos
1 cos 1 cos( )
1 cos 1 cos
f x f x
f x f x
x x
onde
x x senx sen x
x x
x x
=
=
+ = +
= + =
+ = +
+ = +

2 1 0
1
2
1 2 0
1
2
x
x
x
x
>
>
>
<
Capi t ul o 4

12

( ) ( )
( )
'( ) ( )
s ( )
( )
:
(0 ) 0.cos .cos 0
s ( )
f x f x
senx en x
senx sen x
onde
sen x sen x senx senx
senx en x
senx senx
=
=
=
= =
=
=

81)
( ) ( )
2 cos 3 ( 2 ) cos( 3 )
( 2 ) (0 2 ) 0cos 2 cos 0 2 2
cos(0 3 ) cos 0cos 3 0cos3 cos3
( ) 2 cos3
f x f x
sen x x sen x x
sen x sen x sen x sen x sen x
x x sen x x
f x sen x x
=
=
= = =
= + =
=

'( ) cos 2 cos3 2 3 cos5 f x x x sen xsen x x = =
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
'( ) '( )
cos5 cos 5
cos 5 cos 0 5 cos 5 cos 0 5 . 0 cos5
f x f x
x x
x x x sen x sen x
=
=
= = + =

82)ver t eor i a
83)
84)
'
. ' ( )
. ' .
. ' (1 )
. ' (1 )
x x
x x
x x
x
x
y xe e
x y x xe e
x y xe x xe
y xe
x y x xe
x y x y

= +
= +
=
=
=
=

Na t er cei r a l i nha mul t i pl i camos x em ambos os l ados.
85)
Capi t ul o 4

13

( )
/ 2 / 2
/ 2 / 2
/ 2 / 2
/ 2
2
' ( ).
2
' ( )
. ' ( )
. ' (1 )
. ' (1 )
x x
x x
x x
x
x
x
y x e e
y x e e
x y x x e e
y xe
x y x xe
x y x y

| |
= +
|
\ .
= +
= +
=
=
=

86)
87)
88)
89)
90)
4. 20
1)
3
2
' 12 2
'' 36
''' 72
'''' 72
''''' 0
y x
y x
y x
y
y
=
=
=
=
=

2)
2
' 3 2
'' 6 2
''' 6
y ax bx c
y ax b
y a
= + +
= +
=

3)
Capi t ul o 4

14

4
3
(10)
' 4 20
'' 4 80
''' 240
'''' 480
''''' 480
0
y x x
y x
y x
y x
y
y
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

4)
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 2 2
2 2
2
3 .
3
2 3
''
3 3 3
3
''
3 3
x
x x
x x
x
y
x x x
y
x x

+
+

= = =

=


5)
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
3
4
5
' 1
'' 2 1
''' 6 1
'''' 24 1
y x
y x
y x
y x

=
=
=
=

6)
2 1
2 1
2 1
' 2
'' 4
''' 8
x
x
x
y e
y e
y e
+
+
+
=
=
=

7)
'
''
'''
''''
x
x
x
x
y e
y e
y e
y e

=
=
=
=

8)
1
'
2
1
''
2
y
x
y
x
=
=

Capi t ul o 4

15

9)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
4
5
(6) 6
(7) 7
' cos
'' s
''' cos
''''
''''' cos
s
cos
y a ax
y a en ax
y a ax
y a sen ax
y a ax
y a en ax
y a ax
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

10)
(5)
' s
2
1
'' cos
2 2
1
'''
4 2
1
'''' cos
8 2
1
s
16 2
x
y en
x
y
x
y sen
x
y
x
y en
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .


11)
2
2 1 2
2 1 2 2 2 4
' sec
'' 2sec .sec 2sec .
''' 4sec .sec 2sec .sec 4sec . 2sec
y x
y x xtgx x tgx
y x xtgx x x x tgx x

=
= =
= + = +

12)
( )
2
2
2
1
'
1
2
''
1
y
x
x
y
x
=
+
=
+

13)
a)
Capi t ul o 4

16

(1)
( 2)
(3)
( 4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
cos
cos
cos
cos
cos
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

, 4,8,12
cos , 1, 5, 9
, 2, 6,10
cos , 3, 7,11
senx para
x para
senx para
x para

100
25
4
= ent o senx
b)
(1)
( 2)
(3)
( 4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(10)
cos
cos
cos
cos
, 3, 7,13
cos , 4, 8,12
, 1, 5,10
cos , 2, 6,11
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
y x
y senx
senx para
x para
senx para
x para
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

100
25
4
= ent o cosx

Capi t ul o 4

17

14)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )( )( )
( )
( )
(1)
2
(2)
3
(3)
4
(4)
5
(5)
6
1
( )
( )
1
1
2.1
3.2.1
4.3.2.1
5.4.3.2.1
1 . . . 1 2 3 ......1
1 !
n n
n
n
n
n
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y x n n n n
n
y
x

+
=
=
=
=
=
=

=


15)

(1)
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
(5) 5
( )
ax
ax
ax
ax
ax
n n ax
y ae
y a e
y a e
y a e
y a e
y a e
=
=
=
=
=
=


16)
a)
(1)
(2)
(2)
' '
'' ' ' '' ' '
'' 2 ' ' ''
y fg gf
y fg g f gf g f
y fg g f gf
= +
= + + +
= + +

b)
Capi t ul o 4

18

(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
' '
'' ' ' '' ' '
'' 2 ' ' ''
''' '' ' 2 ' '' 2 ' '' ' '' '''
''' 3 ' '' 3 ' '' '''
y fg gf
y fg g f gf g f
y fg g f gf
y fg g f g f f g g f f g
y fg g f f g f g
= +
= + + +
= + +
= + + + + +
= + + +

17)
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
cos
cos
cos 0
0
x A wt
dx
wAsen wt
dt
d x
w A wt
d t
d x
w A wt
d t
x w x

= +
= +
= +
+ + =
+ =


18)
a)
2 2
2
2
3 3 0
dy
x y
dx
dy x
dx y
+ =
=

b)
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
3 2 2 0
2 3 2
3 2
2
dy dy
x x y x y
dx dx
dy
x y x x y
dx
x x y
dy
dx x y
+ + + =
+ = +
+
=
+

c)
1 1
0
2 2
dy
dx x y
y dy
dx x
+ =
=

Capi t ul o 4

19

d)
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 3 3
2 3 3
3
2 3
3 4 1
3 4 1 1
1
3 4 1
dy dy dy
xy y y
dx dx dx
dy
xy y y
dx
y
dy
dx xy y
+ + =
+ + =

=
+ +

e)
( ) ( ) 2 cos 1 0
1
dy
a x y sen x y
dx
dy
dx
(
+ + + = (
(

=

f )
( )
2
2
2
sec .
sec
sec
dy dy
y x y
dx dx
dy
y x y
dx
dy y
dx y x
= +
( =

=

g)
( )
( )
1
1 1
1
1
y
y
y
dy dy
e
dx dx
dy
e
dx
dy
dx e
= +
=
=

19)
Capi t ul o 4

20

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 0 4
4 4 4
2 4 2 0
2
1,
3,
1
3
0 0
1
3 1
3
3 3 1
3 3 1 0
x y
x x y
dy
x y
dx
dy x
dx y
x abscissa
y coordenada
dy
dx
dy
y y x x
dx
y x
y x
y x
+ =
+ + =
+ =
+
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Par a nor mal
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
0 0
1
3 3 1
3 3 1
3 3 1 0
y y m x x
onde
m
dy
dx
y x
y x
y x
=
=
=
=
=

20)
Capi t ul o 4

21

( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 2
cos
0 ( 0)
2 2
0

.
.
.
0 ( 0)
.
. . 0 . ( 0)
. . 0 . . 0
. . . 0 . 0
. . cos . 0 . 0
cos
x a t
y bsent
dy
y y x x
dx
x y dy
a b dx
dy b x
dx a y
b x
y y x x
a y
a y y y b x x x
a y a yy b x b xx
a y b x b xx a yy
a bsent b a t b xx a yy
a b sen t t b
=
=
=
+ =
=
=
=
= +
+ = +
+ = +
+ = . 0 . 0
. 0 . 0
. 0 . 0
1

0 0
1

xx a yy
a b b xx a yy
b xx a yy
a b
xx yy
a b
+
= +
+
=
= +

21)
Capi t ul o 4

22

( )
2
4
2
2 6
3
3
4 3 0
4
3
4
3 3
4
4 2
16 2 0
1
8
1 1
4 4
8 16
dy
y x
dx
dy x
dx y
y
m
x
dy
dx
dy
dx
y
x
x y
x x
x x
x
y x
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
| |
= = =
|
\ .

22)
2 3 5 0

2 3 5 0
1
1
x y
y x
x x
x
y
+ =
=
+ =
=
=

Capi t ul o 4

23

2 3 5
4 6 0
2
4 6
3
(1,1)
2
3

2 3
3
2
(1,1)
3
2
1
1
2
x y
dy
x y
dx
dy x
x y
dx y
P
dy
dx
y x
dy
y x
dx
dy x
dx y
P
dy
dx
m
m
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=


23)
a)
3 3
2 2
dy t
t
dx t
= =
b)
2cos 2
2
2 2
dy t
cotg t
dx sen t
= =

c)
4cos 4
cot
3 3
dy t
g
dx sent
= =

d)
3 .cos
3cos . 3
dy sen t t
tgt
dx t sent
= =

e)
3

2
dy
t
dx
=
Capi t ul o 4

24

f )
24 .cos
24cos .
dy sen t t
tgt
dx t sent
= =

24)
3cos 3
2 2
3 2
2,
2
2 2cos
3 2
3
2
4
3
2
( 0) ( 0)
3 2 3
( 0)
2 2
3 2
2 3( 2)
2
2 3 6 2 0
dy t
cogt
dx sent
P
t
sent
t
dy
dx
y y m x x
y x x
y x
y x

= =

| |
=
|
|
\ .
=
=
=
=
=
=
| |
=
|
|
\ .
+ =

25)
Capi t ul o 4

25

3 cos
t
3cos
3 2
2,
2
1
cos
8
3 3 27

8 8
3
2
3
3
( 0) ( 0)
3 3 1
3( )
8 8
3 3 1
3( ) 0
8 8
1 1
3
( 0) ( 0)
3 3 1 1
( )
8 8 3
3 3 1
3 ( )
8 8
dy sen t t
gt
dx tsent
P
t
sen t
sent
t
dy
dx
y y m x x
y x
y x
m
y y m x x
y x
y x

= =

| |
=
|
|
\ .
=
= =
=
=
=
=
=
| |
+ =
|
|
\ .
=
=
=
| |
(
+ =
|
( |

\ .
0

26)
a)
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
6 1
6 1
3 1 3 1 3 6 1 3 1
6
6 6

dy
x
dx
dy x x
y x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
y x x x x
y dy x x x x x x x
y dy x
= =
= A
A = + A + A + + = + A + A A + +
A = A + A A
A = A + A A A A
A = A

b)
Capi t ul o 4

26

1
2
1
2
2 2
1
2 2
2
dy
dx x
dy x
x
y x x x
y dy x x x x
x
=
= A
A = + A
A = + A A


c)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )
3
2 1
3
2 1
1
1
2 1 2 1
1 1 3
2 1 2 1 2 1
3 3
2 2 1 2 1 2 1
dy
dx x
x
dy
x
x x
x
y
x x x
x x x x
y dy
x x x x
x x
y dy
x x x x

A
=

+ A +
+
A =
+ A
+ A + + A
A = +
+ A
A A
A = +
+ A

27)
a)
( )
1 1
0, 0009985
2 1 0, 001 2
1
.0, 001 0, 001

y
dy
x
A = =
+
= =

b)
| |
5( ) 6( ) 5 6 0,118
10 6 .0, 02 0,12
y x x x x x x
dy x
A = + A + A + =
= =

c)
2( ) 1 2 1
0, 421 0, 5 0, 079
( ) 1 1
x x x
y
x x x
+ A + +
A = = =
+ A

Capi t ul o 4

27



( )
3
.0,1 0, 075
1
dy
x
= =

28)
a)
49 1
1 1
. .1 0, 071
2.7 2
50
7 0, 071 7, 071
x x y y
x x
dy dx
x
y dy
y
+ A = + A
+ = + A
= = =
= +
= + =

b)
3
3
64 0, 5
1 1
. .1.( 0, 5) 0, 0104
3.16 3
63, 5
4 0, 0104 3, 98958
x x y y
x x
dy dx
x
y dy
y
+ A = + A
= + A
= = =
= +
= =

c)
4
4
4
16 3
1 1
. .1.( 3) 0, 09375
4.8 4
13
2 0, 09375 1, 9063
x x y y
x x
dy dx
x
y dy
y
+ A = + A
= + A
= = =
= +
= =

29)
a)
( )
1 6 4
. 6 4 . .
3 4 3 4
x
dy x dx dx
x x x x

= =


b)
Capi t ul o 4

28

( )
2
1 1
. .
x
x x
e x x
dy dx dx
e e

= =

c)
cos(5 6).10 . 10 cos(5 6). dy x x dx x x dx = + = +
30)
( )
2
2 .
( ) 2
dy x dx
y x x x x x x
=
A = + A = A + A

31)desenhar
( )
2
2 .
( ) 2
dy x dx
y x x x x x x

=
A = + A = A + A

32)
6. . 6(200).0, 25 60000 dy x dx cm = = =
33)
1

3
1

2 .(12)
0, 00442097
h r
V r h
V r
dv r dr
dr
dr

=
=
=
=
=
=

34)
4

3
4
4 .(3)0, 01
11, 3097
V r
dv r dr
dv
dv cm

=
=
=
=

35)

2
24000
A x
dA xdx
dA m
=
=
=

Capi t ul o 4

29

36)
100
200
200.40.0, 5
0, 025 2, 5%
100.40.40
A x
dA xdx
dA
A
=
=
= = =


%
100%
dA x
A