An Introduction and User’s Guide toWetland Restoration, Creation, and Enhancement
A Guide for the Public Containing:• Background on wetlands and restoration• Information on project planning, implementation, and monitoring• Lists of resources, contacts, and funding sources
Developed by the Interagency Workgroup on Wetland Restoration:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Protection Agency,Army Corps of Engineers, Fish and Wildlife Service, andNatural Resources Conservation Service
2003
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This guide would not have been possible without the contributions of many individuals. The membersof the Interagency Workgroup on Wetland Restoration were critical to the document’s developmentfrom start to finish: Susan-Marie Stedman, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)Fisheries; John McShane, Lynne Trulio, Doreen Vetter, Mary Kentula, and , U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA); Jack Arnold, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); Jeanne Christie,Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and now with the Association of State WetlandManagers; and Colleen Charles, US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and now with the USGeological Survey.The Workgroup would like to acknowledge the members of the Expert/User Review Panel for theirpractical knowledge and valuable input: Alan P. Ammann, NRCS; Robert P. Brooks, PennsylvaniaState University’s Cooperative Wetlands Center; Andre F. Clewell, Society for Ecological Restoration(SER); Donald Falk, SER; Susan Galatowitsch, University of Minnesota; Curtis Hopkins, DucksUnlimited; Mike Houck, Audubon Society; Michael Josselyn, Tiburon Center for EnvironmentalStudies; Jon Kusler, Association of State Wetland Managers; Julie Middleton and Leah Miller-Graff,Izaak Walton League; Steve Moran, Nebraska Rainwater Basin Coordinator; Richard P. Novitski, RPNovitzki and Associates; Duncan T. Patton, Arizona State University; John Rieger, CaliforniaDepartment of Transportation; Frederick T. Short, University of New Hampshire; William Streever,BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc.; Jim Stutzman, FWS; Billy Teels, the Wetland Science Institute; GordonThayer, NOAA Fisheries; Ronald Thom, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories; Pat Wiley, NRCS;and Joy Zedler, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LETTER TO THE READER ..........................................................................................vPART 1. INTRODUCTIONWhy is Wetland Restoration Necessary?........................................................... 1What are Wetlands?........................................................................................... 1The Importance of Wetlands.............................................................................. 4PART 2. WHAT IS RESTORATION?Definitions ........................................................................................................ 6Two Approaches to Restoration ........................................................................ 8PART 3. TACKLING THE RESTORATION PROJECTHave Someone Do the Project for You.............................................................. 8Do the Project Yourself .................................................................................... 9PART 4. PLANNINGWhy Plan? .......................................................................................................11Know Your Landscape ....................................................................................12Choosing the Project Site .................................................................................14Know Your Project Site ..................................................................................15Setting Goals and Objectives ..........................................................................17Using Reference Sites .....................................................................................19Using Adaptive Management ..........................................................................23Refine Your Goals and Objectives ...................................................................23Choose the Simple Approach ..........................................................................25Preparing for Implementation............................................................................ 28Publicize Your Project ....................................................................................28PART 5. IMPLEMENTATIONStages of Implementation ..................................................................................29Working with Volunteers ..................................................................................32Publicize your Project ........................................................................................33PART 6. MONITORINGWhat is Monitoring? ........................................................................................34What Should I Monitor? ..................................................................................34How Should I Monitor? ...................................................................................35How Often Should I Monitor? .........................................................................37How Long Should I Monitor? ..........................................................................38
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Guide to Wetland Restoration, Creation, & Enhancement
Inter-agency drafted guide produced in 2003
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