CE331,Fall2010

Example:RoofTrussAnalysis

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Inthisexample,aparallelchordsteelrooftrussisanalyzedfortypicaldeadandroofliveloads.The
photobelowshowsatrussgirder(paintedgray)supportingtheroofofagymnasium.

Figure1.Trussgirders(gray)supportingbarjoists(white)supportingmetalroofdeckforagymnasium

Thetrussgirderinthephotoissupportedbycolumns(notseeninFigure1)andsupportsbarjoistsat
thepanelpoints(chordconnections)andmidwaybetweenthepanelpoints.Asimilartrussgirderis
analyzedinthisexample,exceptthatthebarjoistsarelocatedatthepanelpointsonly.Information
abouttrussgirdermembersispresentedbelow.

Table1.Trussgirdercomponents.
TypeMember

Shape

AvailableStrength(Pn)

Chords

WT6x20

160k(compression)

Diagonals

LL2.5x2.0x3/16

73k(tension)

Verticals

LL2.5x2.5x3/16

43k(compression)

Thetotalweightoftrussgirder(selfweight)is4.05k,andthebarjoistsweigh9plf.Otherroof
componentsarelistedbelow.

Roof&Ceiling:
20gametaldeck
Waterproofmembranewithgravel
1thickPerliteinsulatingroofboards
Heating&coolingductwork
Steelsuspendedceiling
AcousticFiberBoard

Example:RoofTrussAnalysis

CE331,Fall2010

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8@10

3@25

barjoists

3@25

trussgirder

column

PlanView
metaldecking
8@10
barjoist
trussgirder

FrontElevationView

SideElevationofRoofFraming

ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis

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Stability&Determinacy

StructuralModelofTruss

assumethattrussisexternallystaticallydeterminateforgravityloads
Num_Forces =33+3=
Num_Eqns =18x2=

36
36

thereforestable&determinate

DeadLoad
Roof&CeilingWt:
20gametaldeck
Waterproofmembranewithgravel
Fiberglassinsulation
Heating&coolingductwork
Steelsuspendedceiling
AcoustisFiberBoard

weight,psf
2.5
5.5
0.7
4
2
1

Total
trussgirderselfwt
barjoistwt

15.7
4.05
9

psf use

=4.05k/(80ftx25ft)=

16

psf

2.03
18.03

psf
psf

plf

PDint (deadloadataninteriorpanelpoint)
=18.025psfx25ftx10ft=
4.51
=9plfx25ft=
0.225
4.73
D
P ext (deadloadatanexteriorpanelpoint)
=18.025psfx25ftx10/2ft=
2.25
=9plfx25ft=
0.225
2.48

k
k
k

dueroof,ceilingwt&trussgirder
duepurlinwt

k
k
k

dueroof,ceilingwt&trussgirder
duepurlinwt

7@4.73k
2.48k

2.48k

DeadLoadsonTrussGirder

ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis

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LiveLoad
Roofliveload=Lr=(20psf)R1

0.6<=R1<=1.0
R1=1.20.001At

At =25ftx10ft/panelx8panels=

2000

R1 =1.20.001x2000sf=
Lr =20psfx0.6=

sf

0.60
12

psf

PLrint =12psfx25ftx10ft=

3.00

dueroofliveload

PLrext =12psfx25ftx10/2ft=

1.50

dueroofliveload

7@3k
1.5k

1.5k

LiveLoadsonTrussGirder

FactoredLoad
D
Lr
Pu =1.2P +1.6P

PU_int =1.2(4.73k)+1.6(3k)=

10.476

PU_ext =1.2(2.48k)+1.6(1.5k)=

5.376

7@10.476k
5.376k

5.376k

FactoredLoadsonTrussGirder

ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis

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MaximumChordCompressiveForce
Drawdeflectedshapeofloadedtruss.Identifychordwithmax.compressiveforce.

Thetop"fibers"ofthebeamareincompression,and
thefibersinthemiddleofthebeamhavethemaximumcompression.
Therefore,thetopchordinthemiddleofthetrusshasthemax.compressiveforce.

CalculatetheforceinthetopchordofPanel#4
4@10.476k
5 376 k
5.376k
f_top

5
R =[7(10.476k)+2(5.376k)]/2=

42.042

M aboutPt5=0:
(f_top)(6ft)(42.042k5.376k)(4x10ft)+(3x10.476k)(20ft)=0
f_top

139.7

kinpanelsatmidspan

Checkthestrengthofthechords
factoredforceinmember(P u)<?Availablestrength(cPn)
Pu
CPn

139.7

160

OK

ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis

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MaximumDiagonalTensileForce
Lookingattheparallelchordtrussasifitwereabeam,themax.shearoccursnearthesupports
analagousbeam(assumeloadisuniformlydistributedalongbeam)

shear

bending
moment

Therefore cut the truss in the first panel to calculate max diagonal force
Therefore,cutthetrussinthefirstpaneltocalculatemax.diagonalforce
5.38 k

6 ft

f_diag

11.66 ft
10 ft

42.04 k
FV=0: 42.042k5.376k6/11.66xf_diag
f_diag

71.3

kinendpanels

Checkthestrengthofthediagonals
Tu
71.3
k
TPn

73

OK