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By Santanu Banik

Objectives
To get a overview and the implications of the social security in unorganized sector. To explore the various efforts from public as well as private side to ensure a good security system for unorganized labours To explore how far they are successful in their efforts

Research Methodology
Identification of the problem Specify the objectives Literature review and planning research process Implementation of the planning Gathering the information and analyze them Presentation of the information

Introduction
Almost 92% of this workforce is in the unorganised sector. Diffused employer-employee relationship. 62% of the workers are engaged in agriculture, 11% in industry and 27% in the services sector. Workers employed on regular salaried employment (16%) is small

Category of Unorganized Sector

Occupation-wise Small and marginal farmers, landless laborers, those engaged in animal husbandry, etc. Nature of employment Migrant workers, contract and casual labor, Mathadi workers, etc. Specially distressed categories Toddy tappers, scavengers, loaders and unloaders, etc. Service category Midwives, domestic workers, barbers, vegetable vendors, etc.

Characteristics Of Unorganised Labour In India

Impoverished (A large number of them are below poverty line) Marked by low level of literacy They are migrant in nature Dispersed all over the country

Social Security Problems of Workers in the Unorganized Sector

Arising out of deficiency of capability deprivationin term of inadequate employment, low earnings, low health and educational status. Arising out of adversity on account of absence of adequate fallback mechanisms (safety nets) to meet such contingencies as ill health, accident, death and old age.

Impact Of Absence Of A Meanigful Social Security System

It debilitates the workers ability to contribute meaningfully to his efficiency and thus to increase production and improve productivity. It leads to social dissatisfaction and disaffection, especially in the wake of prosperity evident in another segment of the society.

SOCIAL Security various dimensions

Centrally funded social assistance programmes: Social insurance scheme. Social assistance through welfare funds of Central and State Governments. Public initiatives

Various Programes
Employment oriented poverty alleviation programmes such as Swarnjayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana, Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana, Employment Assurance Scheme. Janshree Bima Yojana Yojana is a group insurance scheme and covers natural/accidental death, partial or total permanent disability due to accident

New Initiatives & Alternative Approaches

Food Security Initiatives

Social Insurance and Pension Measures Legislative Interventions and Initiatives on Social Security

Food Security Initiatives

Mid Day Meals Scheme (MDMS), 1995 Community Grain Bank Scheme, 1996 Targeted PDS, 1997 Annapurna Scheme, 2000 Antyodaya Anna Scheme, 2000

Social Insurance and Pension Measures

Janshree Bima Yojana, 2000 Krishi Samajik Suraksha Yojana, 2001 Varishta Pension Bima, 2003 Unorganised Sector Workers Social Security Scheme, 2004 Universal Health Insurance Scheme, 2004

Legislative Interventions & Initiatives on Social Security

Second National Commission on Labour, 1999-2002 National Rural Employment Guarantee (NREG) Act, 2005 The Right to Information (RTI)Act, 2005

New Pension Scheme 2009


This is a defined contribution pension scheme open to any Indian citizen between the age of 18 and 55. Tier 1 Individuals can contribute their savings for retirement into this non-withdrawal account. Tier 2 Individuals are free to withdraw their savings whenever they require The money invested in NPS will be managed by professional fund managers. It does not matter if the customer skips a month or two of contributions, as long as there is a minimum annual contribution. low fund management charge. No returns are assured. They depend on the performance of the fund manager chosen by the customer

Conclusion
Creating awareness at the grass root levels is of utmost importance. Many of these workers are unaware of the benefits provided to them. This may be done by conducting workshops, holding awareness camps, printing leaflets in the local language, etc. State Governments need to play a more active role in shaping social security systems on the lines of centrally enacted legislations to enhance their effectiveness.

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