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Media development in transitionaldemocratic Cambodia
This thesis is in partial fulfilment of the Masters in Communication for Development, Malmo University, SwedenBy Casey McCarthyThesis Advisor: Bo Reimer, Professor of Media and Communication Studies,Malmo University, SwedenJune 2012
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AcknowledgementsI would like to acknowledge and extend my most sincere thanks to Professor Reimer for his invaluable support during the course of planning, researching and writing this thesis.His (virtual) door was always open, his feedback always thoughtful and constructive andhis guidance allowed the thesis to evolve naturally – and with very few tears! Thanksalso to the other ComDev lecturers for their shared knowledge, advice and guidancethroughout the Master program.Deepest thanks to all who gave their time for interviews – your honesty, openness andperspectives have been instrumental to the formation of this thesis. I hope this paper serves some purpose to you all. Particular thanks Ker Munthit for being fabulous and toJamie Lee for being such a wonderful sounding board: You are my Cambodian mediagurus!Thanks also to my family for encouraging my studies; to my friends for rarely making mefeel like the social pariah I most certainly became; to former UNICEF colleague PatriciaDe Souza for introducing me to the ComDev course; and finally, to my partner Z for supporting and encouraging me to achieve my dreams.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
...............................................................................................................................4
ABBREVIATIONS
...................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
...........................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2: CONTEXTUALISATION
.............................................................................9
2.1 The first days of democracy
..............................................................................................10
2.2 The media in post-conflict Cambodia
............................................................................11
2.3 Focus on media training
......................................................................................................12
2.4 The legal framework governing the media in Cambodia
.......................................13
CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
.............................................................17
3.1 The Public Sphere & Democratic Governance
...........................................................17
3.2 The Media in Peace-building & State Reconstruction
............................................18
3.3 Neoliberalism & Democracy
..............................................................................................20
3.4 Asian v Western Models of Democracy
........................................................................21
CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY
........................................................................................23
4.1 Conceptual Framework: The Media Sustainability Index
......................................23
4.2 Qualitative Interviews
...........................................................................................................24
4.2.1 Identifying interviewees
............................................................................................24
4.2.2 Designing & ordering the questions
...................................................................25
4.2.3 Framing the questions
..............................................................................................25
4.2.4 Ethical considerations
...............................................................................................25
4.2.5 Validity of research
.....................................................................................................26
CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS
....................................................................................................27
5.1 Freedom of Speech
...............................................................................................................27
5.2 Professionalism
......................................................................................................................32
5.3 Plurality of News
.....................................................................................................................34
5.4 Business Management
.........................................................................................................37
5.5 Supporting Institutions
........................................................................................................39
5.6 Emerging themes
...................................................................................................................42
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION
.............................................................................................45
REFERENCES
........................................................................................................................47
APPENDICES
.........................................................................................................................50
Appendix I: Training of journalists in the post-UNTAC period
...................................50
Appendix II: Current Media Context
......................................................................................52
Appendix III: MSI Methodology
................................................................................................57
Appendix IV: List of Informants
...............................................................................................60
Appendix V: Recommendations
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Media Development in transitional democratic Cambodia. A thesis, by Casey McCarthy
My Communication for Development Masters thesis: Media Development in Transitional Democratic Cambodia
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