Established 1914

Volume XX, Number 61 2

nd
Waxing of First Waso 1374 ME Wednesday, 20 June, 2012
True patriotism
* It is very important for every one of the
nation regardless of the place he lives to
have strong Union Spirit.
* Only Union Spirit is the true
patriotism all the nationalities will have
to safeguard.
Union level officials, chief ministers of
Regions and States, chairmen of self-
administered division/zone, deputy
ministers and departmental heads and all
those present here, I wish you all good
health and happiness.
During its first year in office, our
government conducted political reforms and
national reconsolidation with might and
main. We started the second phase of reform
strategy this year and it gives special focus
on promoting the interest of the Union and
the people while maintaining the
development momentum we have gained in
restoring national reconsolidation, State
peace and stability, the rule of law, and
security of public lives.
The Union government has already
drawn the National Plan (draft) and will
submit it to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw soon.
It is a five-year short-term plan from fiscal
2011-2012 to fiscal 2015-2016. Two annual
plans the National Plan for fiscal 2011-
2012 and the National Plan for fiscal 2012-
2013 were presented to the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has
already approved and put them on record.
According to the discussions at the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, some sectors of the
ministries have been reduced and the
budgets for some sectors increased as
necessary. Furthermore, additions and
amendments were made to long-term plans
that would be additional requirements for
national development.
Based on nations current economic
situation, the Planning Commission will
discuss the five-year short-term plan (draft)
from fiscal 2011-2012 to 2015-2016 bearing
in mind the nearest possible degree of future
progress in drawing it. During the five-year
period, the government has projected:
- a 7.7 percent annual average GDP growth
based on 2010-2011 market prices;
- a decrease of agricultural sector ratio in
NAY PYI TAW, 19 JuneWith regard to processes of reforms for development of the State, President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar U Thein Sein delivered an
address in meeting with Union level organization members, Region/State Chief Ministers, Chairmen of Self-Administered Division/Zone, deputy ministers and departmental heads
at the meeting hall of the President office, here, at 9 am today.
GDP from 36.4 percent to 29.2 percent;
and an increase of industrial sector
ration in GDP from 26.0 percent to 32.1
percent and of services sector ration
from 37.6 percent to 38.7 percent
respectively;
- a 1.7-fold rise in per capita GDP when
compared with the base year.
Although we have projected a 1.7-fold
per capita GDP increase in the fiscal 2015-
2016 based on GDP growth rate calculations,
our aspired goal is a triple increase in per
capita GDP. Especially we will strive to
fulfill the basic needs of our people to witness
a real income growth.
For achieving a triple national
economic growth within a five-year period,
we must actively enlist the combined force
of human capability, financial capital, and
technology. A study of our current volume
of financial investments and expenditure
reveals the following main factors:
- limits in the State budget (the
government budget)
- a requirement of more aids, grants and
loans from abroad
- a requirement of a robust increase in the
flow of domestic and foreign
investments into the country
We will see increase in job
opportunities and income and a triple growth
as projected only if we double our current
volume of financial investments.
A study of State budget shows a deficit
of K 2,159,534 million in fiscal 2011-2012
and a deficit of about K 1,953,712 million in
fiscal 2012-2013. We need to stop budget
deficit as it hurts the national economy and
beget ill consequences in the long-run. In
doing so, our expenditures must be effective
for the programs beneficial to the nation and
the people. In addition we must trim down
uneconomical and redundant enterprises and
cut expenses, while shrinking the State-own
business sector and encouraging
privatization. Here, privatization covered by
the second phase of reform strategy doesnt
mean a big sell-off of government-run
businesses. First we will make an assessment
of the communication, electricity, energy,
forestry, education, health and financial
sectors where the ratio of government
ownership is large. Then we will increase the
ratio of private ownership in these sectors as
per the international rules and practices
followed by the government encouragement
for efficiency promotion. Accordingly, we
will form a new Privatization Commission
with Vice-President at the helm for a change
of methods in reassessing, reviewing and
reforming Union ministry-wise scope of
operations and ownership ratio.
In this context, each Union ministry
must adopt and implement a Reform Strategy
to determine exactly which functions of its
sectors and businesses need reforms. As for
drafting the reform strategy we have reached
a level where we can conduct a certain
degree of reforms thanks to the coordination
between economic experts of National
Economic and Social Advisory Council and
the departments. As the Union ministries are
drawing sector-wise development plans, the
Region/State governments are also forming
bodies at different levels in drafting regional
development plans, urban development
plans and rural development plans in detail.
As we are at the initial stage of reforms, the
transition period sees requirements. But we
believe we will become more and more
efficient with the help of domestic and
foreign organizations and experts. Here, the
Union government is striving to adopt
development plans for all the towns in the
entire country. But it needs assessment to
know whether it has manpower and financial
power for the task and the actual ground
situation. Region and State governments
too can get a list of townships that need town
and village extension plans, townships
where clean water sufficiency and tree
plantation are priorities concerns, townships
(See page 8)
President U Thein Sein delivers address on working procedures of state
reforms in meeting with Union level organization members, Region/
State Chief Ministers, Chairmen of Self-Administered Division/Zone,
deputy ministers and departmental heads.MNA
Job opportunities, income can be increased and triple growth realized
only if current volume of financial investments be doubled
All must trim down uneconomical and redundant enterprises and cut expenses,
while shrinking State-own business sector and encouraging privatization
Also present on the occasion were Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services
General Soe Win, Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw U Nanda Kyaw Swa, Union ministers,
the Attorney-General of the Union, the Auditor-General of the Union, the Chairman of Union
Civil Services Board, Chief Ministers of Region and State governments, chairmen of Self-
Administered Division/Zone, deputy ministers, departmental heads and guests.
At the ceremony, President U Thein Sein delivered an address. The translation of the
speech is as follows:-
President invites successful economists, experts, businessmen doing well overseas
to join hands with government for national development
P1(20).pmd 6/20/2012, 3:22 AM 1
8 THE NEW LIGHT OF MYANMAR Wednesday, 20 June, 2012
Dignitaries seen at ceremony to deliver a speech on working procedures of reform process by
President U Thein Sein in meeting with Union level organization members, Region/State Chief
Ministers, Chairmen of Self-Administered Division/Zone, deputy ministers and departmental
heads.MNA
(from page 1)
which must pay attention to the establishment of seasonal
and perennial plantations, industries and services for job
opportunity creation, and townships whose main
requirements are health, education, electricity supply and
communication through an overall view of all their
townships. So they must have a priorities agenda based on
the given overall view to look into the requirements of their
townships through year-wise plans. They should have year-
wise plans at different levels to obtain and distribute
budget, external aid, and domestic and foreign investments.
In fact it is the town and village development plan.
The State after adopting the fifth five-year short-term
plan will carry out the task of reviewing and drawing the 30-
year plan. In addition, it will keep on drawing the National
Development Plan till it becomes a Comprehensive
Development Plan through the following plans:
- rural development and poverty alleviation plan
- human resources development plan
- investment plan
Job opportunities, income
can be increased...
Funds should be spent on infrastructure projects such as
education, health, electricity, communications, roads,
bridges and ports although those sectors do not bring
immediate benefits but serve the long-term interest of the
State and the people. Therefore, based on international
experiences, the government formed the Central Committee
for Management of Foreign Grants/Aids, the Work
Committee and the National Economic and Social Advisory
Council for effective management of foreign grants/aids.
This being the case, the ministries and region/state
chief ministers are to carefully consider priorities sectors
and regions where grant/aids are required and tasks that
need loans in line with their development plans and reform
strategy to ensure that they serve the interest of the State and
the people. With this end in view, bottom-up approach is
to be widely applied rather than top-down approach.
Ministries (For example, Communications, Electric
Power, Industry) should take the responsibility of evaluating
the amount of loan for an investment and degree of sector-
wise development the investment can bring. Therefore, if
the sector under their responsibility sounds economically
viable, the Union ministers must take loans from abroad and
must take bold measures through calculated risk. Only
then, will the nation develop. In this context, investments
posterity.
Unlike many other countries, land use and land
speculation is one of our difficulties in the implementation
of housing development and investment projects. We have
found some neighboring countries are enjoying higher
status of development project, living standard and socio-
economy than us. Thus, to keep pace with them, regional
development plan, city development plan, township
development plan and village development plan have been
drawn by committees at different levels starting from
township level. Appropriate measures are to be taken as to
land use policy and land use management to fulfill the
needs of the people such as farmlands, perennial crop
plantations, industry, forest, environment, drinking water,
transport, electricity, communications, education, health,
trade, etc, in providing basic needs and job opportunities
in proportion to the area and population of a township.
We have difficulties in land management as squatters
on forest land, virgin and fallow land and others are acting
as if they originally own the plot they illegally occupied. The
result is the widespread problems and because of these
problems we are not in a position to allot a large number of
hectares of land for investments as other countries do.
For the development of short-term and long-term
industrial raw materials and production sectors, efforts are to
be made for establishment of town and village plots,
arrangement of farmlands for livelihoods along with the
setting up of forest, perennial crop and commercial plantations
rather than allowing the people to illegally reside in forest
land and virgin and fallow land. With sustainable
development of environment, it is time to embark on land
reform for regional development, job opportunity, economic
development and higher living standard.
The government has established Land Allocation and
Utilization Scrutiny Committee for Urban Development
Projects and Investment Projects so as to formulate land
utilization policy for utilization of land in line with laws
and rules and regulations. So, the Union ministries and
region/state governments will have to submit the proposals
for land allotment and utilization for their urban
development projects, investment projects, mines, gems,
energy and mineral mining, plantation and livestock farming
projects to the committee for its approval. The committee,
after its scrutiny over the proposal, will coordinate with the
Union government, Myanma Investment Commission,
Privatization Commission and departments concerned for
further actions.
Currently, procedures and land allotment specifications
of respective land-related departments are different from
each other and thus are not in a position for practical
management on the ground. Effective management could
not be streamlined without reformulation and enactment of
practical laws and procedures and taxation system which
meet the conditions of present time and international norms.
In addition, we have to build solid foundation for such
measures as recording and registration of accurate and
correct number of city plot, village plot, housing plot,
farming plot and other industrial plots and accuracy of list
of asset possession calculated on trading volumes and
taxation procedures.
In so doing, to enable ethnic communities and migrant
workers reside and earn a livelihood and grasp job
opportunities in border regions and overseas migrant
workers come back home and settle in own regions, the
region/state governments and self-administered zones and
division, in coordination with the Ministry of Border Affairs
and ministries concerned, have to swing into a series of
action as
- systematic allotment of land in line with town/
village development projects,
- fulfilling the requirements in education, health and
socio-economic status,
- systematic establishment of commercial plantations
and livestock production industries and industrial
estates for expansion of agriculture, livestock farming
and manufacturing industries from manageable
scale to commercial scale production,
- developing the market of products from those
manufacturing industries from retail outlets to
wholesale brokerages and trading zones,
- extended opening of border trade stations for
development of commerce and trading.
(See page 9)
- trade sector development plan
- industrial development plan
- financial and currency sector development plan
- regional plans
- sector-wise plans
Union ministries and Region and State governments
should give priority more to People-Centered Development
than to the GDP growth in increasing per capita income,
individual household income, and socio-economic
development while bringing in real development on the
ground through systematic schemes.
The second part of my speech concerns with the
successful implementation of National Development Goals
and UN Millennium Development Goals through effective
utilization of foreign aids.
The developing countries have to acquire international
grant/aid, loans and technological assistance in their pursuit
of the development goals and millennium development
goals since the national budget alone is not enough. In this
juncture, donor countries and organizations have different
priorities programmes according to spheres/areas and
objectives while receiver countries have priorities sectors/
areas in effective implementation of development plans
and reform strategy. Thus, careful consideration is to be
made to spend the government budget and grant/aids on
far-flung areas where the private sector has less interest in
making investments as the profit prospects are low and to
utilize local and foreign investments in regions which are
economic for private investors. As to loans, consideration
is to be made on its interest rate, repayment period,
economically beneficial projects, benefits, repayment.
that could not be detrimental to environment and socio-
economic status of the people are to be chosen.
With regard to jobs creation, it is required to ensure that
employees could fully enjoy basic salaries they deserve.
Thus, the government like other nations has made
arrangements to draw a minimum wage law and to summit
it to the Hluttaw.
Here I would like to call on strenuous efforts for
development of local and foreign investments which are a
sine qua non for national development in the third part after
stating matters related to foreign grants/aids. Laws and
rules are important for investors and they should provide
working space and protection to attract investments.
Therefore, laws and rules and regulations have been amended
to be in line with international laws, rules and regulations,
and the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw will soon pass the foreign
investment law. Moreover, the Myanma Special Economic
Zone Bill has already been drawn and will be presented to
the Hluttaw with suggestions of the relevant departments
and economic organizations.
Trade and investment are the main driving force for the
nations economic development to keep abreast of
international community. Efforts are to be made for
development of local and foreign investments in bringing
about socio-economic development of the people and
creating job opportunities while preventing what is
detrimental to the interest of the State and the people,
undermining the image of the State and sovereignty and
harming natural environment. Meanwhile, systematic steps
are to be taken for sustainable development of land, water,
forest and mineral resources which could be tapped by
P8(20).pmd 6/20/2012, 3:22 AM 8
THE NEW LIGHT OF MYANMAR Wednesday, 20 June, 2012 9
(from page 8)
Only then, people who
were forced to part families
to work overseas amidst
difficulties could come back
and earn a proper livelihood.
Likewise, heartily I
would like to invite
successful economists,
planning experts of different
sectors, and businessmen
who are doing well overseas
to join hands with the
government for
development of the nation.
As the fourth part, I
would like to elaborate on
planning for urgent need and
short-term and long-term
requirements for
development of electric
power sector. The former
government had established
Ministry of Electric Power
No (1) and Ministry of
Electric Power No (2) to focus
on the requirements for
development of electric
power sector. From 1988 to
2010-2011, it had spent K
2,802,897 million from
States fund inclusive of
general expenditure and
capital expenditure and over
6.7 billion USD for four
hydropower projects
implemented with foreign
loans. Thanks to those
efforts, power generation
had increased from 2,226
million KWh in 1988 to 9,711
million KWh in 2011-2012.
However, the increased
production still cannot meet
the demand due to growing
population and increase in
power use. Recently, people
have expressed their demand
for electricity.
Thus, the government
has sought outside help at
home and abroad and
launched emergency power
supply programmes
urgently. Nonetheless, we
will need to manage a
systematic link between
energy and electricity to
meet the requirements of
people in the short- and
long-run and for national
development as well. So, we
will establish National
Energy Management
Committee at Planning
Commission for overall
matters for energy sector of
the State and implement
National Energy Plan for
short- and long-term
objectives in compliance
with National Energy Policy.
We will have to implement
such energy projects as oil,
natural gas and coal after
drafting national electricity
plan.
We have to carry out
Job opportunities, income
can be ...
reforms to trading of the
countrys natural resources
in raw as the main priority in
order that we can
manufacture such public
goods as fertilizer and
petrochemical products
apart from electricity to meet
domestic demand in the long
run in line with the concept
of people-centred
development.
The National Energy
Management Committee, in
putting short- and long-term
plans into action, will have
to manage the electricity
production and supply of
the government, regional
governments and private
investors in accordance
with internationally-
practiced procedures. In the
time of the former
government, only
hydroelectricity was
produced based mainly on
caculating low production
and distribution cost but
now in response to the
electricity demand of the
people, we will have to make
efforts to generate electricity
as much as we possibly can
from natural gas, diesel, coal,
solar and wind power and
other bio and waste fuels
depending on the
geographical features,
climate and natural
resources of the regions and
affordability of the people.
In moving forward to
the goal of industrialization
and industrial development,
we need to adopt energy
plan and industrial
development plan
systematically as energy
development and industrial
development have
interdependent relation.
Only then, we can improve
commodities and services
and job creation which is the
requirement of the State and
people.
Here, we need to adopt
a pricing policy setting the
reasonable price both for
investors and end users
depending on the value of
natural resources used as
fuel, production cost and
distribution cost calculated
on varying distances in line
with international market
prices. In addition, the
government will have to
introduce long-term
practicable initiatives for
annual increased
production, going
partnership with private
companies and switching
over to different forms of
private investments like the
other nations. I would like to
ask National Energy
Management Committee,
Privatization Commission
and Myanma Investment
Commission to coordinate
plans for resetting the ratio
of State ownership to private
ownership with Union
ministries concerned and
region/state governments.
The government
adopted the national plan
based on objective condition
of the nation and by laying
down four economic policies
when it took over in transition
period.
The first economic
policy is to accomplish
industrial development to
keep abreast of other world
countries while keeping up
momentum of development
of agro-industry the
majority of people get
involved.
For stimulating agro-
industry, rural development
and poverty alleviation
tasks, and increased
investment in the
agricultural sector are
crucial. The government will
accelerate rural
development and poverty
alleviation tasks as the Rural
Development Department
has been established to
concentrate on the tasks.
Promotion of agricultural
and industrial investment
which could generate more
employment opportunities
for the people will be given
priority.
I would like to urge all
related departments and
organizations to establish
savings banks by both
public and private sectors
and microfinance by various
organizations at home and
abroad; to guarantee
increased income to farmers
after reviewing crops
production, transportation
and trading processes; to
reduce transactional costs;
and to advance towards
technological and
industrialized farming
system. As regards a fall in
paddy price, private and
public partnership is
purchasing the paddy.
Region or state governments
need to seek ways to bring
about reforms by organizing
workshops for township-
wise field trips, and
development of agro-
industry and breeding of the
farmers.
The second economic
policy is to grant every
region and state equal share
of budget and taxation,
foreign aids according to
the poverty indexes; and to
plan invitations of foreign
and local investments for
regional development
depending on sector-wise
and regional development
projects. To make the
effective use of the budget
and the foreign aids,
administration committees
down to the township level
need to be tasked.
The third economic
policy is improving
economic indexes of regions
or states for each period for
s o c i o - e c o n o m i c
development of the people.
I would like to urge the
effective implementation of
people-centered develop-
ment including development
of township-wise GDP,
increase in per capital
income and improvement of
household-wise education,
health and living standards.
The fourth economic
policy is to compile quality
and accurate statistics
through field studies, check,
recheck and countercheck
on reports, and feasibility
study. Only with reliable
statistics and information,
will correct decisions and
policies be made.
Today, the government
is undertaking reforms to
develop the country in line
with the democratic
practices. Inviting
harmonious participation of
the people in the people-
centered development tasks
by seeking public opinion
through mutual trust may
facilitate rapid political,
economic and social
development. While we are
in incremental and peaceful
transition to such
di s ci pl i ne- f l our i s hi ng
democratic system, the
nature of mass instigations
taking the peoples desire
onto the street could
suddenly lead to losses of
lives and property of many
people. The government,
the parliament, the entire
people and the Fourth Estate
must safeguard it in unison
to stand tall on the world
stage as cultured and united
people who strive for
development of the country
till our descendents.
In conclusion I have one
special instruction about
workshops in regions and
states. Workshops are
crucial for sector-wise or
region-wise development. If
we seek solutions to
difficulties and challenges
of the people with pearls of
wisdom of economists and
desires of entrepreneurs to
engage in trade and make
investment in close and
frank manners, we will enjoy
much more profits from:-
- designating prioritized
sector and area in the
regional government
and Hluttaw, rather than
taking considerable
time to present needs
for regional
development and needs
of roads and bridges,
and economic and
social requirements to
the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw;
- close coordination for
regional development
tasks through drafting
township development
plans by Hluttaw
representatives, town-
selders, and social and
economic associations
in townships;
- emergence of Good
Governance and Clean
Government as
transparency prevails
between the
government insti-
tutions and the people;
- increased participation
of businessmen in
regional development
tasks;
- more technical
assistances in
agricultural, breeding
and industrial sectors;
- facilitation of regional,
urban and rural
development plans;
and
- averting street protests
by addressing issues of
the people at the lower
level on the spot and at
the regional workshops
democratically and
systematically.
I would like to
conclude my address with
the call for successful
realization of every task
by reaching the lowest
level with the mindset that
our government is
responsible to bringing
about national
development and
improving living
conditions of the people.
MOHNYIN, 19 June
As part of efforts to improve
manageable-scale livestock
Community animal health workers
course concludes
breeding tasks in undertaking
rural region development and
poverty alleviation, the
community animal health
workers course No. 1/2012
concluded at the office of
Livestock Breeding and
Veterinary Department in
Mohnyin on 15 June.
On the occasion,
Head of Mohnyin District
LBVD Dr Khin Maung Myint
presented prizes to
outstanding trainees and
Staff Officer of the township
department Dr Win Oo,
certificates to all trainees.
It was also attended
by Township Administrator
U Sai San Win and ward and
village administrators.
Community animal health
workers from 10 village-
tracts attended the five-day
course.
NLM 001
Assistant Director Dr Khin Maung Myint
speaking at concluding ceremony of community
animal health workers course.
NLM 001
NAY PYI TAW, 19
JuneHead of Monywa
District Immigration and
National Registration
Department U Aung Soe of
Moe Pwint-3 plan
implementing rural area
Sagaing Region and Head
of Budalin Township INRD
U Sai Myint Aung and staff
made field trip to grassroots
level.
They presented
citizenship scrutiny cards to
177 eligible citizens in
implementing Moe Pwint-3
plan in Thitkhe Village on
12 June and Latyatkyun
Village on 13 June.
MNA
P9(20).pmd 6/20/2012, 3:22 AM 9
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oq:.e.. e.e..q. _e_. ~cc _. .q.o ~ ~q , ~e , ee~ o .o~ .~:e ~ c~
.:e q ~ . :.e : _ee e|oe :
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~e ..:.e e ~ , .e _~e .e: _c~~_c~_ ~_:. e e _c~_c~e ~_:. e ~c e e
~:co . e e e ~ , ._ee e|oe : _c~~_c~_ ~_:. e ~e ..:.e e ~ , ., _c~__c~,
~_:. e ~e ..:.e e ~ , . . e e e e ~ , ._. ~ _e_ .c:e e c o .o: . oe . e .e o oe .
oe ~o_ _e. _e . _ee e|oe : _e_ .c:e e c o .o: e : . ... ..~ e:.~q _e_ .c:e e
c, _~ ._:,e:.q c e e, .~_~. ~ .c: .e o:.c: . o .. ..e o: o .o~ c:c:.
. .e e e:._ec e . _e . oe e~ ~c_ . . e e .o: e _e .e ~o ~ ce e c ~e c:ee .qq _ ~e
~e e:.~ _e_ e ~ _ee e .q. c:.o: _ee e|oe :
e e~:co . e e e ~ , .e _~e . _c~~_c~_ e _c~_c~e~ c~ q . e e .o:
q e .e :..q.~._.~.,.e|e o_ _e . ~,:~o e : _ee .e|o .o~ c:. e ee ~, .ee .~.,
~c:.~ .e: e , .c:c:._e . e e ~ , ..~: eq e ~e_ .~.c.e : o e ee _ . e .. ... .. :.e :
_ee e|oe : . e e .o: ~.,, . e o:~:c~o e .
oe e ..:.c .q _e_ o e .~.:.oe c o c e e o, e .~ . e ~ _c~c_c~~ . . e
e e , .e.. , .~q oe . e ee .e . q:. e . , . o .o~ q,
. e e .o: q ~ . e e : ce e:~__~ .e e|ce e ~. .~e:.~ ,e. q:. e . , .e
__._ q:. e . , .. c_ ..~:e . e~ e ~__~ .e e|ce e ~. .~e:.~ _e.c
q:. e . , .e ,_.~ q:. e . , .. c_ ..~:e . c, .:e e ~__~ .e e|ce e ~. .
~e:.~ ,.e q:. e . , .e ,.. q:. e . , .. c_ ..~:e . ~. .. .._e:e .c _ee .e|
.eq,
c oe .e e ee .e_e_ o e .~.:.oe c o c e e o, e . (Per Capita GDP)~
~._.. . e c~ ~. o .o~ .eq, q_ e , .c:.e|oe :
o ~ .~ qq c:.o ~ . e o .o~ e . , .~q _c~_c~e ~_:. e e : _ee .e|c:ee
_e_ . e:.q ee .e oe .~ ~ . e e: ~._.. . e c~ ~. qq q, o ~ .~ ., e , .c:.
..: c_ . ~, .o: o ~e .q~.,, ~.o: ee .e oe .~ ~ . e ~ ~._.. . e c~ ,
o .o~ .~:e _~ .e:..e o: _ee e|oe : oe ,_ .~:._ee _e_ . .o q e:.co .,.q.
c ~e .~ .o _e_ _ .. e .~:e ~e , o~e ce .e o ..~:e _~ .e:..e.qe :_ee e|oe :
. e e q e .e :..q.o .o~ e ~ e|.. e ~o e .e : ,o ..~:e qe c e e .~:. .e ._~.
~qe .~. ., ,_ .e_:.e|e .ee _e . o .o~ .~:e _~ .e:.qe :_ee e|oe : c~ q ~, .o:
o ~. ._e.,o .e ._~. ~qe .~. . c_ ce qe .. . . .e . e e ~ . ..e qe
. e e .o: e ~q~. ..e e:qe .~e .q~o ~~ ~~, ~.o q _.e .
_e_ e~~ ~_ ~.c:~ ~e (Grant). e ....e (Loan) o .o~ qq q, c ~e _.e .
_e_ o e ._e_ eqe .. ._e e . e e:. ~q , ~e , _ee o .o~ q, c ~e _.e .o ~ ~c ~
.o q qe : _ee e|oe : pmrsuf ESm 8 aumf vH 1
~.e .~,:.o e . e e .o: .e o .. , .e , ~ e , . , .._e:_~:.._ : . e e .o: .e o
e e , . , .~_e_ ~e e : .~:~ e|~o e ._ee ._
, - -;,. s _s ., ., ;., _,_,- ;_,.- .,;;.- ..a_ ,, -, .-_ a..
,- -, ,_ .g , - -;,. a, _. , .- , _,_ ;.- -;- s -_ .-- ,- , a..
, - .;-_./_,_ ,, - .s -, _.., a.. , , - , ., . - , - ./;-__a..
-, ,-, _.a..,- _.,; - ._.a.... a , . , .;_,._..-_ . (owif ;pOf )
20-6 (01).pmd 6/20/2012, 2:23 AM 1
pmrsufESm 8
20-6-2012
a&S UzH k;rS
.~ _ c. c_~.o_. .o. . o_ c. _. .. .. . e ee:oo~ o.,
~ .~~ _. .. ._e e . co:. _ ~ . . e .: o. e o~ . o. . o.e ., c. c. c~
~ .~~ .:_e . __ e , .o:.~ ,o~ ~ .~~ __ e : _ee e|~e :
. . . c~: o_o. .c. e:_. .~ _~_ _. c..c._:. e e :
. c. ,._,, ~e ., ._ _e . c.c.,_:. e e : . c.
.,_,,. ~e ., .., _ee ce~:~ c~ _e :_ee e|~e : -|c_~:.
~ ~~ . c. . e _ _ _~:e : _ee cee|~ . . . e .e :.c_.~ o . ~ .:_e .
c,:~ o~ ~ o .~ .c~ e_ee co:. co:. _ ~ _e :_ee e|~e : - .
co:. _ ~ _:e : . . . c~: , _e_ . ~ o~ ~ o~ ._ o c_:~ ee . e ., .
e:.e : o c_:~ o~ ._ co:. o. ._e_.. . e .e :.c_.~ ~ c_.e~ ~ ~ . e ., .
e:. e. oe ~ . e ., .e:.~ c.: ._.. . o. .e_ ~ e:. c.~:_.. .~ ~
~e e~ ~ . e co:. _e :_ee .. o_.:.~e e~ ~._ . . . . e . o., .
~_~ c.: _e . e ~ . ~e . o., .~_~ c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ ~ e ~ . ~e .
_e. e c_. (Privatization) ~ co:. _ ~ _e :_ee e|~e : . . . c~:
oe .__ - ~ eoo. _e_e. c_e:. .. c_.. e ., .e ~e _e _ee ~ e ~ . ~e .
_e. e c_. (Privatization) . e ., .~ o . c_:. .._.. .e .ee ~
. . . ~~:. e o .. e ,_ .e:., o_ . . . e . o. .oe:.e:.c,c.:
o~ . e c_.~_ .e ee ~_ e e .o. ~_ .e c~:~_ e_:c_.
~_ ~, .e:c_.~_ c. c_.c_~.c_.~_e:.~ ~_~e . .. . c. .:
. ..e .~ e ~ . ~e . o. .oe:.. e . o . e o. .~ .c_e:. .ce._. .
e e .co:. __ _e. e:.co:. o:.ce._e . ~. . :._e : _ee e|~e : -|c_~:.
_e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,~e . .. .e _ . e ., .,e ee . . o. .oe:.e|c. e ~
_e, ._ e ee . ..e _e_e. c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ . . co:. - ~ e.e ~
.co:. ~ e ~ . ~e . _e. e c_.c~: e_ . o.e '' ~ _e. o. e e_ .ce._e .
c_e:. .. . e co:. . :.e : _ee e|~e :
-|c_~:. _e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:.oc,, e e ~ ~:c, e _~
~_, _:,_ . e ., .e:.o,~ e_ ._ . e ., .c~ ~ _e_e. c_e:. ..
co:. _ ~ e. o ~ ee:ee:. e ., .e (Reform Strategy) ~ .e ~
c_.o co:. _ ~ _e :_ee e|~e : Reform Strategy c_.o . . c_.o~ ~ ~
._ . oe ..:.e .e :.c_.. . . e c_.o_~ ce.c~:. e oe c. e .e :.c_.
e_:_ . e:., _:,o . _:e:. _ . . .e .ce|. .co:. _ ~ . _~. o~ . .o~:
~e . oo _e_e. c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ ee oe oe oo. ~e . ~ c_:~ _
. _e ._ee e|~e : o.:.~ ~_e e ~ , .~e . .. .o~ ~ e _e .e e e ~ , . (De-
velopment Plan) e:.~ ._ . _e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,o. .. .~ c_.o
co:. _ ~ c,.~ . ~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e oe ._e:.~._ . c-.. _
e _e .c_.e e ~ , . _e _ee _e .c_.e e ~ , . c~._ :e _e .c_.e e ~ , .e:.~
oc..e ~ c_.o co:. _ ~ _, oo. o. c.: oe oe_ .e:.e e_ .
co:. _ ~ c,~:~ c~ _ _e|~e : e~. c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ . , _ee .
o~ .oc_e:. .~:.o~ . . . oe .~ e:._ c,e :_ee c.: ._ . _e_ ~ . .
_e_ eoe oe_ .e:. e_:_ . e:. o~ o_ _e. e e . _ ,:.._ co:. _ ~
.:. . ee . e _~_ e|~e : - c,_:e : _e_ co:. e oe ._oc,, ~e . . .
. .e :_ ~ _e o:.. .~ e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .c~ c_.o e _~ .e:.ceee
_e o:.. .~e _e . ,~ ~_ . ~ . ~ e oc~:. oo_ ce: e . o:. c. o:.,
oe , ~~e . oe e oc,oo:. _ ,e_ . ..e co:. _ ~ _e :_ee e|~e :
~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e oe ._e:.~._ . e e ~ _ _e ,e o:.. .oce
_. . c. .:. ..e _~_ _. _e_ . c~ .~ ~c.: _e ~ ~ _ :~ ~ . ce.
_, . ~ _e ,e c.:~ . .c_e . c_.. . .e c~:.e e. _ee e .co:. c_.
.e:.ce.. e ce._ee _e ,e o. e o~ . o. . o.e .__ c_.o~ ~ . e ~
. e _ _ e ~ .. .e:. e~ e .~ e , c, co:. e . e ., .e:. .e:.ce.o co:.
_ee _e ,e e_:c_. ~, .e:c_. .e ee , o~ . e c_. .e:.ce.. e _
ee _e ,e c~ e:_. .ceo ~ .:e : _ee e|~e : - c. .:c~ _ .~ oce
.e:.ce. _e ,e e:.~ . e o. ~ co:. _ ~ . . co:. .e:.ce.oe oe
(priority) e:.c_.o o:._e . ~ ~~ . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe
_e_ ~ . . _e_ e_. .. ._e e . e c~ e . _co:. _~ .e:.e. e . . cc
. .e e. o ~:~ . e o. ~ oo. o. e e ~ , .Plan c_.o _.. .e: _e _ :
e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .c_.o co:. _~ _.. .e _ee e|~e :
. . . c~: oc,, e e~:.~ .|.. e e e ~ , . c_.o o~_ _e_e .
~ c,:~ . e ,c. e _ _ e e ~ , .~ _e, ._ . ..e c_.o _.. .. e ., .o_e.
oe ..:.e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , . (National Development Plan) ~
c~..~ c-.e _e .c_., o. ._ e c.: .c_.e e ~ , .
. e e .o:.o_. .o_ee e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .
_. .. ._e e . e e e ~ , .
~ , . e e ~_ e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .
e~ e e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .
_:c_.. . c. c_.c_~.c_.~_e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .
c-.._e e ~ , .e:.
~_o. ~ e e ~ , .e:._e. (Comprehensive Development
Plan) o_ee o~ .~ c_.o oc~:. oo_ ce: co:. _ ~ . :.
_~e : _ee e|~e :
_e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:., ~..c-._~.,_e_,eoe._e:.~
._ . ~ - e ~ .~~ c_.o~ _e_ . ~e ... . ~e o e co:. .. ._ c. c.
~ .~~ c_., . e e .e :.c_.c _e. e:.~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ _e_ . . o ee
_e e _e .~ .~~ c_. (People-Centered Development) . e ., .c~ ~
.e:.ce._e . oe oe _ _ , c_e_e. e : oe , ~~e ~ .~~ co:. _~ .ee .
co:. _ ~ . :._~e ~ ~ ~ , .c_e:_~:.. e|~e :
- ~ ee . .oc,, o~ .~ c_e:_~:.. ~:~c~: . . . _.:. o~
o_ oco:~ oe e:.~ o c_:~ e : _e o. ._e_.. ._e. oe ..:.e _e .
~ .~~ c_. __ e , ..~ e:. (National Development Goals) , ~e :
~ ..e~ co:. e . e __ e , ..~ e:. (Millennium Development Goals)
co:. _e. co:. co:. _ ~ c_._ee e|~e :
e _e .o . . . e:.~ c. .:_~_ _. o - . . . c~ _ e _e .~ .~~ e
__ e , ..~ e:. (Development Goals) , o. ._ e c.: .c_.e~
co:. e . e __ e , ..~ e:. (Millennium Development Goals) ~ co:.
_e. co:. _~ .ee .co:. _ ~ _:e : . . . _ ~ ~~ c. ~e . ~_ ., e.
c.:~ ~ o~ ~ . . . ~~:o~ o_ oco:~ oe (Grant/Aid) c..c.
(Loan) , ,_ .e_:o~ o_ e:. _e co:. _ ~ _~_e|~e : - . _e
co:. _ ~ ~ o.|e : ~ _ co:~ e _~~ . . . e:. o. _ . e:.oc,, . .~
~ _ co:~ e . ~ ~_, ,e c_e,e_ e: .e:.ce.e oe oe oe .e .
__ _ e .~ oe .e ._ _~_e . o~ o_ _e ~ . . . ~._ . e e ~ _ .e:.ce.
~_, ,e c_ee:.~ e e ~ _ e _e .e e e ~ , . (Development Plan) ,
_e_e. c_e:. .. c_.ee:ee: (Reform Strategy) . e ., .e .e:.ce.oe
oe e:., o~ ._ o c_:~ co:. __ _ e co:. _ ~ _~~: _ee e|~e :
e ~ . ~_. .. ._e e . . e:.e o~ .o_e~ _e, _.~ ,_ .. _. .. ._e e . e
e_e. e .. ~ ,e c_ec-.e:. oe , oe:.c-.e:.~ oe ._~ ~~ ,
o~ o_ oco:~ oe (Grant/Aid) ~ .e:.ce.. .e _e . e ~ . ~_. .. .
_e e . . ~ e .e :.c_.~ ~ c_.~ ~ _e . _. .. ._e e . .. ~ ,e c_ee:.e : _e_ ~ . .
_e_ e_. .. ._e e . e (Investment) , co:. _ ~ e e .e:._e : _ee e|~e :
c..c. (Loan)~ c~: o~ .. , . _e, oe _ee ~:., co:. _ ~ ee . e ., .
e e ~ , . (Project) ~ e .e :.c_.~ ~ c_.~ ~ e o~ .o_e~ _e, ce. . e
c..c. _e, oe . . e e~ oc_.oc,c~ , e .e:.c_ ..e co:. _ ~ _~_e :
_ee e|~e : e .e :.c_.o_ .~ .. .o~ .o_e~ ece. . c.: ._ . . . . ,
. e .o~ ~ c__ _ o~ ._ ee e_:c_. ~, .e:c_. .e ee o~ . e
c_. .e . ~ ~:. o e ~e .e~ oc_.. oco:~ oo e _e .c_.. e ., .e:.
e :c~: . oe .~ o_ . ._~_, _ee e|~e : -|c_~:. . . . ~~: oc~
o_~ c~ ocee ~_ _e . o c_:~ c.: . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe
e:. e e ., . e (Effective Aid Management)__ _, o~ ~ . . . c~: oe ._
oc,, . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe e e ., . c_.ee c~: e~ . e ., .
c~: e~ , oe ..:.e .e :.c_.. . . e c_.o_~ ce.c~:. e ~ ~ e e_ .. _e .
. . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe o . _:~ e _e e:.~ e e .~ e:. e,e ~~
c_.o _e . e e ., . oc~:. oo_ ce: co:. _ ~ . :.e : _ee e|~e :
-|c_~:. _e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:., ~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e oe ._
c, _~ ..e e:.oc,, e e ~ _ ~_e e ~ , . c-.. _e e ~ , .e:., _e_e.
c_e:. .. c_.ee:ee:. e ., .e e:., o_ . . . _.:.o~ o_ (Grant/
Aid) o. ._e_, . oe ._ .e:.ce.~_e:.. . .e:.ce.,e c_ee:.
~ ._ .c~:. . c..c. (Loan) _e co:. _ ~ .. ._ . e ., .e:.
o~ ~ _e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:.~ ~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e e:.. . _ . . ._e .
e e ~ ~:c, e _ ~ .~~ co:. co:. _ ~ . . e_ . . . c~: . . _e_ . . o
o~ ~ o~ ._ o c_:~ e_ . e ., .e:.~ .e:.ce.c_ ..e co:. _ ~ . :.
_e : _ee e|~e : c_ .~~ . Top-Down . cc.o:.e e . co:. _ ~ e :
ee ~ . . . c~: e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .. . o_ ~ .~~ co:. co:. _ ~
_, . oe ._ .e:.ce.~_. . ,e c_ee:.~ co:~ c_.oo. ~e_e .
Bottom-Up . e ., .e _e. ~. _eco:. _ ~ . :._e : _ee e|~e :
_e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:.ee:o~ . e c_. .e ee e~ e
~._ . e e ~ e~_o. ~ c..c. e_ e_e _ _. .. ._e e . .. ~ .~~ e
e_ e_co:. co:. _ ~ . . e_ ~ ~ ~ .~ _e . ~:c, e _co:. _ ~ _.. .e
_ee e|~e : -|c_~:. _e_ co:. e c, _~ .e:.~ e e ~ ~:c, e ~ ~_
~ .~~ co:. e .e :.c_.~ ~ c_.~ ~ ee o _. Calculated Risk _e.
. . . _.:.c..c. _e _e . _ _ ~. .~. . ~:c, e co:. _ ~ . :.e .: ~ . ._e_
~ .~~ e :_ee e|~e : ~e e~ ~._ . .:ce~ c, .~. , . e e .e :.c_.
eo . ~ ee _. .. ._e e . e c~ ~ c_ ..e _e. e e . oe e|~e :
_e_ . e:._ o. e o~ . o. . o.e .e:. e, ~ .ce._:e : o. e _,
.~ .~ ee ~ o ~ .. c.:oc_.. . e ..e:e:. _e_ _e_ cc__ c_.
o~ ~ oc..o:.co:. _ ~ ce._e :_ee e|~e : -|c_~:. _e_ co:. e
oe ._oc,, o_.:.. . . e:.,_ .~ o,_ .o .o.c_~.c. ec-~e _e
c_.o _e . . ~ c~: . ~. . . ._, e e o:.e|~e :
~ ~~ , . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe ~ e c_e:_~:._e .~ c,:~
~~ ee . .e : . . . e _e .~ .~~ e o~ ~ oc ~~~ _e_ ~ . ._e_ e _. .. .
_e e . e ~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ _~ .ee .. e co:. _~e c_e:_~:.. e|~e : _. .. .
_e e . . e:.o~ ~ ec- e_ .e . . e o .. e ,_ .e:.e:oc_._~ ._e .
. e .:~ . .:_ e . .. ec-o_ o~:o~ e ce.e _ e .: .:c_:~
_. .. ._e e . _~e : _ee e|~e : -|c_~:. . oe ~ ec- . e o .. e ,_ .e:.
~ . . . ~~:. e o .. e ,_ .e:., o_ _e. o. c_.o . _e . e_~:e e : . . . _.:.
_. .. ._e e . e ec-~ _e_ co:. e . ~ c~: e : o~_ _e_eg:, .. . c~: e :
_ee e|~e : o~ .~ _e . _e, e: oo .e .e :.c_.e , ec- e _~e . ~ c_.o
_e ._ee _ .~ o . _:_:,e:., e .e :.c_.oe oe_ .e:._ .c:o:.o_~
_e.~ e:._e _e .e|~ . ~ c~: . ~. . . .e : _ee e|~e :
~ . ._e_ _ e .e :.c_.e _e .~ .~~ e ~ . . . ~~:. . _. ce|. ~, .
. . _, o~ ~ ~ , . e e . . _. .. ._e e . e ~ e: oc ~ce:. .. . o:. _ee e|
~e : _e_ . e:._ o. e o~ . o. . o.e .e:., . e e .e :.c_.~ .~~ e
o~ ~ _e_ ~ . . _e_ e_. .. ._e e . e e:.~ ~e e~ ~ ~ .~~ co:. _~ .ee .
_e :_ee .. ~e e~ ~._ . e e . . . . . . e . o~ .e .e :.eo . ~ c_.
. . . ~ o . ~ :eo . ~ c_. . . . o.e o_.:o:o:eo . ~ c_.. . .:c
e~ c, .~. eo . ~ c_.~ ~ ._ . _e ~_ ce:. o , ._e : _ee e|~e :
c_e.e e:~ c_.e e:~ .e c~: .e e:~ .~ .e e:~ e._
.:c.e e:~ o_. .o_ee e:.~ c,:. .:.e c_e.o~ oo e,e ~~
. .e . . ee e o~ e_e~ e _e .~ .~~ e (Sustainable Development)__
c_.~ e,e ~~e e ~ ~ .~ o. ._eco:. _ ~ . :._~_, . oe e|~e :
- c,_:e : o. ... . _e _ :e _e .~ .~~ e e e ~ , .e:.. . _. .. .
_e e . e e e ~ , .e:.co:. _ ~ _:e : o_.:.. . . e:., e~ o.~ o. c~ c,
_~ ~ e _e ~e . ~c~: c_eo. ..e (Land Use) c_e~e:.e (Land
Speculation) e~ c_ee:_e.,:e:.e _ee e|~e : o e , ... .. . . o.
~ _~_ _. ~ e . . . o~ .:~ _e _ec~._ :e _e .~ .~~ e e e ~ , .c~ ,
. c,e oo. o~, ., . e e .e :.c_.c _e. e:.~ .~~ e oc_.oc,~
c~ _e :_ee e|~e : -|c_~:. o_.:.. . . e:., _. ce|. ~, .. . e o~ ~
c-.. _e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , . (Regional Development Plan)_e _ee _e .
~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , . (City Development Plan) _e,ee_e.~.~~c_.
e e ~ , .(Township Development Plan) c~._ :e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .
(Village Development Plan)~ ~ _e ,e oo. ~e_e . c~: e~ e:.e e_ .
c_.o co:. _ ~ ce. ~:_ee e|~e:_e ,e ~e ,e _ o~e oc, . . .c_
o. .oe:., _e_ . ~ e c,e o . e . oe .~ _e_ . ~ e e:.c.:~ e
. oe .~ . . o. e o~ . o. . o.e . . oe .~ ~ o~ ~ .e e:c_e
e:. . e _ _ e ~ .. ._~ .e:.. . e~ e .~ e . e ., .e:. .e c~: .:c
e~ c, .~. , _e_ . ~ e c.:~ . .c_. oe .~ .e .e, .o~ . e c_.
oc_.oc,. . _e_ . ~ e. :..:c_.. oe .~ .e ee o~ . e c_.
e_:c_. ~, .e:c_. ~ .., .c_:. .ce c_.e._ _e_ . ~ . oe .~
~ e occ~ _e_ o_ .. . _, o~ ~ _e _ :e _e .~ .~~ e e e ~ , .e:.. .
_. .. ._e e . e e e ~ , .e:.co:. _ ~ . . _, c_eo. ..e e c|-(Land Use
Policy) . . c_eo. ..e e e ., . c_. (Land Use Management) ~ ~ e,e
~~ e e co:. _ ~ _, . oe .:e|~e :
.e c~:c_e. . c_e. ~ c_e, . .e:. o_.:.c_ee:.~ . ~_:.ec.
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.~ . _ee _e . oe ._ee e ., . e e : o.~ o. _ .:~ o~ ~ o_.:.. . . e:.
~ . c_ee~ ~:e:.e :~ _. .. ._e e . e o~ ~ . . _eece.. . ~ oc_.oc,
e:. c_ee:_e.,:e:.~ c,_:o. o_e:.e : c~ _ _e|~e :
. e ~ . e _ _ e~ e ~ , _~e ., ~ , o ~ . e e . e ., .e:.~ .~~ . . _,
e e ~ e _e_ . e:.~ .e c~:c_e. . c_e. ~ c_e, . .e:. ~_:.ec.
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o co:. c,_:.o:.ce._.. . . e ~ . e:.c.:~ _, .e e:c_ee:. .o:.
e e ce._.. .~ ~ e e_ ._e. e ce..~ .e c~: .e e. , . e _ _ e. e:.
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. . c_.o~ ~ c_ee:e,e _e_e. c_e:. .. c_.(Land Reform) ~ co:. _ ~
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. e o .. e ,_ .e:., o_ c_ee:. cco. ..e e,e ~~co:. _ ~ . . _,
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e e ~ _ _e _ :e _e .~ .~~ e e e ~ , .e:.. . ee . ._._ .c~:. . _. .. .
_e e . e e e ~ , .e:.. . ee . ._._ .c~:. . .~ c~:~ e~ e e .o.
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e:. co:. _ ~ ._ e e ~ , .e:.. . ee . ._._ .c~:. . oo e|
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o_ c.~ . . o_ .~ c~ e e ., . . . ._ ec-. e o .. e ,_ .e:.
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. e ., ._~ .e:. e~ , e _~ .e:. e,e ~~o c
e. .~ , o ~ . e ., .e:.e o ~ _ .:c.:
.~ . oo. e .~ ~:.~ , e_ - . _~ .e:. ~
o_ee ce.~ ~ e _e .co:. e e co:. _ ~ ce.
,e ee ~ , . e c_.e., .e:. ~ .. e . . e ce
c_:. .ce c_.~ , . e e . e ., .e:.~ e
co:. _ ~ ce._.. .
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~ _e_ e. . :.c_:~ o. e . e ~ . c,_~_~ _e_ .
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e_:_ . e:. . e ., .~_o. ~ e e ~ , .o . _: ~e .~
. e ., ._ . e:.~ ._ . . . . e _e .~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ . . .
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e~ ~ e . .oc,, .e ee ~_e _e .~ .~~ c_.o
. oe .~ c_~ . oe .~ . . c__ _ . oe .~ e:.o~
co:. _ ~ _ee ~ e e:., ee . ._e . c_e:_~:.. e|~e :
.e ee ~_e _e .~ .~~ _, . oe .~ ~ o:, e ~ _e .
oe ~ . .e ee e e .o:.c, _~ ._:,, oe ~ .e ee e
o _e . e e_ .~:c, e co:. _ ~ ce. e|~e : ._.. . .
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e e ce|. . ~e ., . ,.c,._ . . . . . _.:.c..c. _e.
c_o:..e ee . e ., . . o~ ~ oce_ ~, c-.: 3
. .e . _e . .e ee c:~ o:. ~ .~~ o ~ . e c_. _~ .e
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~ . ~ .~~ .:c.: . .c_. . .e ee c:~ o:.~ .~~
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o. ~ ce: o ~ _e.. _~_e . _ee e|~e :
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c:~ o:._e_ o_ .ce.ee .~ ~c.:oe oe e:.~ o
. e|~e : . _:~ . c_~ c__ _ o~ ~ _e_ . ~ _ . o
e _e .~ .~~ e o~ ~ e e .o. , .e ee ~_~ . ~ o~
co:. _ ~ _, . oe.:e|~e : -|c_~:. - c, e e
. . . c~: _ e e .o. ~ e o_e _e o~ ~ oe ..:.e e .o.
(National Energy Management Committee) ~ e
c__ _ oe oe e:.o~ ~ oe ..:..e ee e e ~ , .(Na
Plan) ~ oe ..:.e e .o. e c|- (National Energy Pol
co:. _ ~ . :.e :_ee e|~e : oe ..:..e ee e e ~ , .c_
; - - ;,, s _s ., .,~ ;q., ~ _,_,- ;_,,- . ;;,- q ~ , ,.a_ , - .s_ a,.; - s, _ .g ; - - ;,, ,a ,
_,_ ;,- s;- s s_ .-- ,- a,. , - .;-,_~ ./_,_ , s .qs - _~ .;, a,. ~ , , - , ;, ; - q , - ./;-
-, ,- _~ .a,.; - _,; - q,_~ .~ a,.,. a ; .;_,,_~,._;- .;a .,., ,~ ;q,~ ,_~, a,.,. ;, qs_ :
_a_ x a: x a : a : xa a: - .a:a : x: .x: ._aa x a ax:a: . .x:.::
_a_ .:: . _a:. : : a:_ _ a._.: a.s a . _a x .: x : x :
20-6 (08-09).pmd 6/20/2012, 2:23 AM 1
pmrsufESm 9 20-6-2012
~ e oc_.oc,~
~, .. . e o~ ~
nt Plan)_e _ee _e .
e e_e.~.~~c_.
~.~~ c_.e e ~ , .
~: e~ e:.e e_ .
~e oc, . . .c_
~ e e:.c.:~ e
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.e c~: .:c
e, .o~ . e c_.
e o~ . e c_.
. ~ . oe .~
~ e e e ~ , .e:.. .
e e c|-(Land Use
ment) ~ ~ e,e
:.~ . ~_:.ec.
~ .~ _. .e . o .
~ o_.:.. . . e:.
.. . ~ oc_.oc,
|~e :
e:.~ .~~ . . _,
e:. ~_:.ec.
~ ~ e:. e,e ~~
e:c_ee:. .o:.
. , . e _ _ e. e:.
ce.. . _, _~ .ee .
. _ee o , .ce.~
.e .. . e .e :.c_.
e,e ~~ e e ., .
m) ~ co:. _ ~
:.c_.o _e . ec-
~co:. _ ~ . . _,
e ~ , .e:.o~ ~
e_ .o:._e ._ee ~
e oe ._e:.oc,,
_ .c~:. . _. .. .
:~ e~ e e .o.
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, ce.e ~. _e_ . . .
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o~_ _e_eg:, .
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. . ._.. . oc_:. .
. o~ ee _ . . ._
co:. _ ~ . :._ee c_, .:cc:~ c. c~:~ e .c. . e~ e e .o.
o . _: e e ~ , .e:.~ c_.o oc~:. oo_ ce: . :._e : _ee e|~e :
:c_~:. . o c~: e e . . . _ .:c.e e:~o_. .o_ee ~
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.:e~ c:~ c_e_.e:. oe .~ c_, c:~ o ~ ~ , ee _ . . oe .~ e:.
o:. c__ _ e : _e_ . . o ee _ee _e .e (People-Centered Develop-
ment) . . o_ _e_ . ~ , e_ (Public Goods)e:.~ _e_ ~ . .. oe
.~ _e_ e co:. .e:.ce.o_ee _e_e. c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ . :._e : _ee e|
~e :
oe ..:.e e .o. e e ., . e c~: e~ oc,, c_~ c__ _ oe oe
e:. c_.o co:. _ ~ _:e : _e_ co:. e oe ._~ o ~ . e _e, _e.ee oe . .
c-. oe ._e:.~ o ~ . e _e, _e.ee oe . . _e_ ~ . ._e_ ee ~ . ~ _. .. .
_e e . e e:._e. o ~ . e _e, _e.ee oe . .e:.~ . . . ~~:. e o .. e ,_ .e:.,
o_ co:. _ ~ . :._e :_ee e|~e : c_ .e.. oe ._~ c_o:..e ee ~e .
~_ .oce .e ee o ~ . e e e_ ~ . . _e, _e.e e_ ~ ~ oc ~oc_.. _
~ ~ .~ . _:e e. o.| _e_ . ~ e .e ee c:~ o:.. oe .~ o_ c,_:
c-. c_c_e .:c.e e:~ o_. .o_ee oc_.oc,o. ~ _e_ . ~ e
.~ . ce e . .e . . e_ oc_.oc,cee ~_ _e . c_o:..e ee .:e~
.:cc:~ c. - ee c~:~ e .c. . c,o:. c.o:.. . o_.:.e c. .
e , ee ee _ . c.:. e:~ e o ~ . e . . .eo ~ . e _e . _e, ccce.c_.
_~ .ee ._, . oe .:_e _ee e|~e :
e~ e . . . _ee c_., e~ e e _e .~ .~~ c_.~ .~_ __ e , .co:. _ ~
_:e : oc ~o. oe o ._ee ~ e e .o. ~_e _e .~ .~~ c_., e~ e ~_
e _e .~ .~~ c_.~ e: o_e, o. , o~ ee e . c,~:c_~:. (Energy
Plan) , (Industrial Development Plan) c~ ~ e,e ~~c_.o .e ~
. . e .:.. . . . . . _e_ . . o _ . oe .~ _ee ~ ~ , e_ , c, co:. e e:.
o. e o~ . o. . o.e .e:.~ ~ .~~ e e co:. _ ~ . . e :_ee e|~e :
- c,_:e : o. ._e~ .:co_. .o_ee c.:. e:~, e .. . o ~ . e
e e_ ~ ._ .o~ :occ.o. ~ _e, _e.e e_ ~ e~oce e ~_ _ . . .
~~:ce.. , .e:.. . o_ _. .. ._e e . . . . .e ee ce e . .e . . e .. e e~
oo. c_ee_ ce.. , .e:._ . . ._e . ce.. , .e c|- (Pricing Policy) .e ~
co:. _ ~ . :._, . oe .~ . . . . c~: oe ._oe . .e . e e ~ ..
o ~ . e _e, _e.c_._~ .ee .e_ oe oe e:.. . e ~ . ~. . e~ ee e .ce|. .
o ~ . e _.. . e ~ . ~ _. .. ._e e . e e e oe .e .~ o_.:.. . . e:.,_ .~
c__ _ _ee . . e_ oe oe e:.~ c_e:. .. ~. . . co:. _ ~ . :._~_e :
_ee e|~e : . . . e . o., .~_ o. .oe:.. . e ~ . ~e . o. .oe:.c_e:. ..
. e co:. ee oe oe e:.~ oe ..:.e e .o. e e ., . e c~: e~ . . e ~ . ~
e . _e. e c_.c~: e_ . _e, e:. . . _. .. ._e e . e c~: e_ . ~ e .ce|. ._e .
.~ o . ._ _e_ co:. e c, _~ ._:,e:. ~ . .c-._~ ., _e_ ,e oe ._
e:.~ _ . . .co:. _ ~ . :._~_, c_e:_~:.. e|~e :
. . . c~: oe ._oc,, e~. ~:c, e ~ _e_e. c_e:. .. c_.~:.
e : . . . c~: _ e~~ .~ _ oc_.oc,oce e ~_ e .e:._e . e .e :.c_.
e c|-_e .e ~ _ oe ..:.e e ~ , .~ c_.o o:.~:_ee e|~e :
eoee .e :.c_.e c|-~c~: _e_ . oe:.e e|c. . e ~ . c,~
.e e:e ~ e .c_.. e ., .e:. o_ , oe , ee~ ~ .~~ co:. co:. _ ~
_. . o_.:.. . . e:., _. ce|. ~, ._e . ~ .~~ e _e .co:. e~ e ~_e _e .
~.~~c_.~ .~_co:._~.:.e __e,.o:.e|~e:
.e e:e ~ e .c_.. e ., .e:. ~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ c~..~ c-.
e _e .c_., o. ._ e c.: .c_.e e ~ , .. e ., .e e:., .e e:e ~ e .c_.
~_e : _. .. ._e e . e . e ., .e:. e e ~ .~~ .:c_.e: oc ~~e|~e :
oe ._oc,, ._ . c~..~ c-.e _e .c_., o. ._ e c.: .c_.. e ., .
e:.~ o:, e ~ _e .. e . . co:. c~..~ c-.e _e .c_. .e ._:,~e . ~ ..
e e_ .ce._e ._ee ~ o~ ~ o:, e ~ _e . ~. . e co:. . :.e : _ee e|~e :
.e e:e ~ e .c_.~_, e~ e ~_e : _e_ . e:. o. e o~ . o. .
o.e .e:. __ .:ceee _. .. ._e e . e . e ., .e:.~ .e:.ce.o co:.
. e co:. . :.e :._ . _ee e|~e :
c~:. . .e .e:.e:._ e ~ e_ ~ c..c. e:. e. o~ e e oo.
c_eco:. oe ._e . .~c_: e ~ . ~e . .~e| e .ce|. ._e . c. e c. c..o e:.
e . . e co:. _ ~ c_., oc..e:.c. c... e ., . (Micro Finance) e:.~
_e_ ~ . ._e_ e oe oe_ .o. .. .~ ~ .~~ co:. _ ~ . :.c_. . .. e:.
o ~ . e e .e e e co:. e c_:. .ce e ~ , . e e . e ., .oo. o. ~
_e, ._ . ..e _e . c~:. . .e .e:.e:. ~ ~ c_.~ ~ _ c. c. ~ .~~
__ c_. Transactional Cost e:. c.: .c_. e ~ e .,_ .e_:. . e~ e
.e e:e,e c_e:. .. c_.c~ ~ o . _:_:, oe oe_ .e:.oc,, oo .
oc..o:._~ .ee .. :._~e c_e:_~:.. e|~e : o, ee|.~o. .e oce
oe ._~ e ~ . ~, e .ce|. ._ ce e ce.._ . e ., .~ ._ . co:. _ ~ ce.
.~ _ e|~e : - oc_.oc,c~ ocee : ~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e oe ._e:.
oc,, _e ,e o. ~ ~ . .o. .c. .:. ..e e e:. c~:. . .e .e:.
e:._ e ~ e .c_. ce ._ec_.. e ., .~ .~~ c_.~ o~ ~ o. e , co .c. .e
e:.~. .e_e . _e_e. c_e:. .. co:. _ ~ ce... ~ ,_ ..e .e:. _ :ce
co:. _ ~ . :._~e . oe e|~e :
e .e :.c_.e c|-_ - ~ eo.~ _ee ~ ~ . .c-._~ ., _e_ ,e e:.
o. .~e~e : e _e .~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ _:c. o_,o. .. . o. ,
oc~:~ o . _:~ e _e e:. . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~ oe e:. o. ._ e
_ , .~ , . . oe .~ e:.o_ ~ . .c-._~ ., _e_ ,e e:.o_~:. e~e :. cc
__ c_. c-.e _e .~ .~~ e o~ ~ _e_ ~ . ._e_ e _. .. ._e e . e e:.
~ .. e ~ c.co:. _ ~ c_.~ e _e e:.~ ~_e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .. .
c-.. _ e _e .~ .~~ c_.e e ~ , .e:., o_ c. .:. ..e e e . :._~e
c_e:_~:.. e|~e : _:c. o_o. .. . . . . _.:.o~ o_ oco:~
oe e:.~ o c_:~ o~ ._ e : o. ._ec_.o~ ~ _e ,e oo. oo
e e ., . c_.oe e:. e e_ .~:c, ce.oe co:. _ ~ _~_, . oe e|~e :
e .e :.c_.e c|- ~~ eo.~ _ee ~ _e_ . ~ _ . e e .e :.c_. ~ e
~ .~~ e o~ ~ ~ . .c-._~ .,_e_ ,e e:.o. ~ e .e :.c_._ , .~ , .e:.~
o. , ~:.o. ~ o o c_:~ c_:~ ~ .~~ .:co:. co:. _ ~ . :.
_~e _ee e|~e : _e ,e o. ~ ~ - e ~ .~~ , .:e~ . ~e .~c. c.
~ .~~ c_. o e co:. e o. ~ e_:c_. ~, .e:c_.. . . c,e oo.
o~, .e:.c~ c,c_.~ .~~ e _ c_.e~ _e_ . ee _e e _e .~ .~~
c_.~ o o c_:~ c_:~ ~ .~~ co:. _~ .ee .co:. _ ~ e e :_~:.. e|
~e :
e .e :.c_.e c|- e~ ~ o.~ _ee ~ ~ , .~o, .e:_. .o. .e:. o__ oc. ._e_ cc_., ~ ~e , ~, c_.
o~ ~ ~ ._ . c_e_e. ~ . .o. ._e . ~ ~ ~~c~:~ e _.. . Check, Recheck, Counter Check _e.
~ ~ c~:~ _e, ._ ee co._.. . _ee . . e e .c. .:_.. . (Feasibility Study) ~ _e. . . e:e , ~, ._ ~ , .~o, .
e:_. .o. . .~. .o.~ o.~ e:.__ e .: e c|-. . o ._e~ .~ e:..e ~ _.. . (Decision Making, Policy
Making) ~ e , ~, e :_e. e . . e :_ee e|~e :
- ~c, . . . c~: oe ._oc,, - e ~c_e ~. e , o_ e _e .~ .~~ co:. _e_e. c_e:. .. c_.. e ., .e
e:., _~ .ee .co:. _ ~ .~ _ e|~e : _e_ . . o ee _e e _e .~ .~~ c_.o~ ~ _e_ . . o _ o. .c:o:.
(Public Opinion) c~ ~ co .c. ._e _.. .,_ ..e ., o_e, o. , e _~_ c..e:.e _e. _e_ . . o ~e _e . .
_ _ ~ e : e .ce|. .e|c. co:. _ ~ . . _.. ._e. . . . c_. e .e :.c_. . e c_.oc_.oc,e:.e: o_ , oe , ,
.. _e, e :c_e:. .. ~ .~~ . :.e : _ee e|~e : o - . e_ .~e ._e_ c~ - e ~c_e ~. e e .~ ~e o. _e .~e o.
co..e .~_ _. e e :, o. . ~ .c_e:. .c,~ o. , e : - e ~c_e c.~ e : _e_ . o. ce: o ~ ~e o _e . .e .ece
. o e , o ~ oe occ., c. .o .e e|.:~ o.| e_ee .. e_ee o ~ ~ _e_ . oe:.e _ o.~ o .o e . _. e
o . ~ ~ _ee e oo , ~ _._ .c_e:. .. . :.~~ ~ _ee e , .c:.:c~ _. ~~ e c~.c.: ~ . ._e_
~ .~~ co:. _ _ ~ e : _~ .ee .co:. _ ~ . . c.: ~e : o.e e : .:.e c_e.o~ _e ~_ . . co:. e e .co:.
__ _ c.: . e .e:.o_ee oe ._ . ~ c~: _e_ . o:.. ., e~ ~ e_ . ~ e .ce|. ._e . _ _ _ ~ _ ~ . . . . e:e:
.~ ~ ~:~ e ce:. c_ :~ . :._e : _ee e|~e :
, - ,,, ,;,,
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20-6 (08-09).pmd 6/20/2012, 2:23 AM 2