NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.

net
BT NG THC V GI TRI LN NN
1)Cho x, y, z 0 v
2 2 2
3 x y z + + . Chng minh:
3 3 3
2 2 2
3 2
2
1 1 1
x y z
y z x
+ +
+ + +
GII
Ta c: VT + 3 =
3 3 3
2 2 2
2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1
x y z
y z x
y z x
+ + + + +
+ + +
0.25
3 3 2
2 2
6 1
( )
4 2 4 2
2 1 2 1
x x y
VT
y y
+
+ + +
+ +

3 3 2
2 2
1
( )
4 2
2 1 2 1
y y z
z z
+
+ + +
+ +

3 3 2
2 2
1
( )
4 2
2 1 2 1
z z x
x x
+
+ + +
+ +
0.25
6 6 6
3 3 3
6
3 3 3
4 2 16 2 16 2 16 2
x y z
VT + + +
0.25
2 2 2
6
3
3 3 9
( )
2 2 2 8
2 2 2
VT x y z + + +
6 3
9 3 9 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
VT VP
(pcm)
( Du bng xay ra khi va chi khi x = y = z = 1)
2)Cho x, y, z l cc s thc dng ln hn 1 v tho mn iu kin xy + yz + zx 2xyz
Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc A = (x - 1)(y - 1)(z - 1).
GII
Ta c
1 1 1
2 2 xy yz xz xyz
x y z
+ + + +
nn
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (1)
y z y z
x y z y z yz

+ +
Tng t ta c
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (2)
x z x z
y x z x z xz

+ +
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (3)
x y x y
y x y x y xy

+ +
Nhn v vi v ca (1), (2), (3) ta c
1
( 1)( 1)( 1)
8
x y z
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
vy A
max
=
1 3
8 2
x y z

3. Vi mi s thc x, y tha iu kin ( )
2 2
2 1 x y xy + +
. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc
4 4
2 1
x y
P
xy
+

+
.
G
t
t xy
. Ta c: ( )
( )
2 1
1 2 2 4
5
xy x y xy xy xy + +
V ( )
( )
2 1
1 2 2 4
3
xy x y xy xy xy + + . K:
1 1
5 3
t .
Suy ra :
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2
2
2
7 2 1
2 1 4 2 1
x y x y
t t
P
xy t
+
+ +

+ +
.
Do :
( )
( )
2
2
7
'
2 2 1
t t
P
t

+
,
' 0 0( ), 1( ) P t th t kth

1 1 2
5 3 15
P P
_ _


, ,
v ( )
1
0
4
P .
KL: GTLN l
1
4
v GTNN l
2
15
( HSLT trn on
1 1
;
5 3

1
1
]
)
4)Vi mi s thc dng
; ; x y z
tha iu kin
1 x y z + +
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu
thc:
1 1 1
2 P x y z
x y z
_
+ + + + +

,
.
G
p dng BT C-si :
2
18 12 x
x
+ (1). Du bng xy ra khi
1
3
x .
Tng t:
2
18 12 y
y
+
(2) v
2
18 12 z
z
+ (3).
M: ( ) 17 17 x y z + +
(4). Cng (1),(2),(3),(4), ta c: 19 P .

1
19
3
P x y z . KL: GTNN ca P l 19.
5. Chng minh
( )
2 2 2
1
2
a b c
ab bc ca a b c
a b b c c a
+ + + + + + +
+ + +
vi mi s dng
; ; a b c
.
G
Ta c:
2
1
2 2
a ab ab
a a a ab
a b a b ab

+ +
(1)
Tng t:
2
1
2
b
b bc
b c

+
(2),
2
1
2
c
c ca
c a

+
(3).
Cng (1), (2), (3), ta c:
( )
2 2 2
1
2
a b c
ab bc ca a b c
a b b c c a
+ + + + + + +
+ + +
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6)Cho x, y, z l cc s dng tha mn
1 1 1
4
x y z
+ +
. CMR:
1 1 1
1
2 2 2 x y z x y z x y z
+ +
+ + + + + +
+Ta c :
1 1 1 1
2 4 2
.( )
x y z x y z
+
+ + +
;
1 1 1 1
2 4 2
( )
x y z y x z
+
+ + +
;
1 1 1 1
2 4 2
( )
x y z z y x
+
+ + +
+ Li c :
1 1 1 1
( );
x y 4 x y
+
+

1 1 1 1
( );
y z 4 y z
+
+

1 1 1 1
( );
x z 4 x z
+
+
cng cc BT ny ta c pcm.
7) Cho a, b, c 0 v
2 2 2
3 a b c + + . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc

3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c
P
b c a
+ +
+ + +
GII
Ta c: P + 3 =
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
3
1 1 1
a
a
c
c
c
b
b
b
a
+
+
+ +
+
+ +
+
2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2 4
6
2
2
2
2
3
b
b
a
b
a
P
+
+
+
+
+
+

2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2
2
2
2
3
c
c
b
c
b +
+
+
+
+
+

2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2
2
2
2
3
a
a
c
a
c +
+
+
+
+
+ 3
6
3
6
3
6
2 16
3
2 16
3
2 16
3
c b a
+ +
6
2 2 2
3
8 2
9
) (
2 2 2
3
2 2
3
+ + + c b a P
2
3
2 2
3
2 2
9
2 2
3
2 2
9
6 3
P
P
Min
khi a = b = c = 1
8. Cho cc s thc dng a,b,c thay i lun tho mn : a+b+c=1.Chng minh rng :
2 2 2
2.
a b b c c a
b c c a a b
+ + +
+ +
+ + +

GII
.Ta c :VT =
2 2 2
( ) ( )
a b c b c a
A B
b c c a a b b c c a a b
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +

[ ]
3
3
1 1 1 1
3 ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 9
3 ( )( )( )3
2 2
3
2
A a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
A
1
+ + + + + + + +
1
+ + +
]
+ + +
+ + +

NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net

2 2 2
2 2
1 ( ) ( )( )
1
1 .2
2
a b c
a b c a b b c c a
a b b c c a
B B
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + +

T tac VT
3 1
2
2 2
VP +
Du ng thc xy ra khi a=b=c=1/3
9. Cho 3 s dng x, y, z tha mn : x +3y+5z 3 .Chng minh rng:
4 625 3
4
+ z xy
+
4 15
4
+ x yz
+ 4 81 5
4
+ y zx 45 5 xyz.
GII
Bt ng thc

2
2
4
x
x + +
2
2
9
4
9
y
y +
+
2
2
25
4
25
z
z + 45
VT + + + + +
2 2
)
5
2
3
2 2
( ) 5 3 (
z y x
z y x
3
2
2
3
) 5 . 3 . (
36
) 5 . 3 . (. 9
z y x
z y x +
.
t t =
3
2
) 5 . 3 . ( z y x
ta c 1
3
5 3
) 5 . 3 . (
3
3

,
_

+ +

z y x
z y x do t 1
iu kin . 0 < t 1. X hm s f(t)= t 9 +
t
36 36 36
36 27 2 36 . 27 t t t
t t
+ =45
Du bng xy ra khi: t=1 hay x=1; y=
3
1
; z=
5
1
.
10. Cho x, y, z l 3 s thc thuc (0;1]. Chng minh rng
1 1 1 5
1 1 1 xy yz zx x y z
+ +
+ + + + +
GII
rng ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 1 0 xy x y x y + +
;
v tng t ta cng c
1
1
yz y z
zx z x
+ +
'
+ +

V vy ta c:
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
( )
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
3
1 zx+y
1
5
1
1 5
5
x y z
x y z
xy yz zx yz zx xy
x y z
yz xy z
z y
x
yz zx y xy z
z y
x
z y y z
_
+ + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + +
,
+ + +
+ +
_
+

+ + +
,
_
+

+ +
,

11.Cho a, b, c l ba cnh tam gic. Chng minh

1 1 2
2
3 3 2 3 3
b c
a
a b a c a b c a c a b
_
+ + + + <

+ + + + + +
,
GII
V a, b, c l ba cnh tam gic nn:
a b c
b c a
c a b
+ >

+ >
'

+ >

.
t ( ) , , , , 0 , ,
2 2
a b c a
x y a z x y z x y z y z x z x y
+ +
> + > + > + > .
V tri vit li:
2
3 3 2
a b a c a
VT
a c a b a b c
x y z
y z z x x y
+ +
+ +
+ + + +
+ +
+ + +
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
2
z z
x y z z x y z z x y
x y z x y
+ > + + < + >
+ + +
.
Tng t:
2 2
; .
x x y y
y z x y z z x x y z
< <
+ + + + + +
Do :
( ) 2
2
x y z x y z
y z z x x y x y z
+ +
+ + <
+ + + + +
.
Tc l:
1 1 2
2
3 3 2 3 3
b c
a
a b a c a b c a c a b
_
+ + + + <

+ + + + + +
,
12. Cho hai s dng
, x y
tha mn:
5 x y +
.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
4 2
4
x y x y
P
xy
+
+
GII
Cho hai s dng
, x y
tha mn:
5 x y +
.
4 2 4 1 4 1
4 2 4 4 2 2
x y x y x y y x y
P
xy y x y x
+
+ + + + + +
Thay
5 y x
c:
4 1 5 4 1 5 4 1 5 3
2 . 2 .
4 2 2 4 2 4 2 2
y x x y y
P x x
y x y x y x

+ + + + + + +
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
P bng
3
2
khi
1; 4 x y
Vy Min P =
3
2
Lu :
C th thay
5 y x
sau tm gi tr b nht ca hm s
3 5 3 5
( )
(5 ) 4
x x
g x
x x
+
+

13. Cho x, y, z 0 tho mn x+y+z > 0. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc

( )
3 3 3
3
16 x y z
P
x y z
+ +

+ +
GII
Trc ht ta c:
( )
3
3 3
4
x y
x y
+
+
(bin i tng ng) ( ) ( )
2
... 0 x y x y +
t x + y + z = a. Khi
( ) ( )
( )
3 3
3 3
3
3
3 3
64 64
4 1 64
x y z a z z
P t t
a a
+ + +
+

(vi t =
z
a
, 0 1 t )
Xt hm s f(t) = (1 t)
3
+ 64t
3
vi t [ ] 0;1
. C
( ) [ ]
2
2
1
'( ) 3 64 1 , '( ) 0 0;1
9
f t t t f t t
1

]
Lp bng bin thin
( )
[ ] 0;1
64
inf
81
t
M t

GTNN ca P l
16
81
t c khi x = y = 4z > 0
14. Chng minh: ( )
1 1 1
12 x y z
x y z
_
+ + + +

,
vi mi s thc x , y , z thuc on [ ] 1; 3
.
GII
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
3
1 3 1 3 0 4 3 0 4 t t t t t t
t
+ + .
Suy ra :
3 3 3
4 ; 4 ; 4 x y z
x y z
+ + +
( )
1 1 1
3 12 Q x y z
x y z
_
+ + + + +

,

( ) ( )
1 1 1 1 1 1
3 6 12
2
Q
x y z x y z
x y z x y z
_ _
+ + + + + + + +

, ,
15.Tm gi tr nh nht ca hm s ( ) 1 y x ln x
.
GII
TX: ( ) 0; D +
;
1
' ln
x
y x
x

+ .
y= 0
1 x
; y(1) = 0 v
1
ln
x
y x
x

+ l HSB
Khi 0 < x < 1
' 0 y <
; khi x > 1
' 0 y >
.
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
KL: miny = 0
1 x
.
16. Cho x, y, z l 3 s thc thuc (0;1]. Chng minh rng
1 1 1 5
1 1 1 xy yz zx x y z
+ +
+ + + + +
GII
rng ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 1 0 xy x y x y + +
;
v tng t ta cng c
1
1
yz y z
zx z x
+ +
'
+ +

V vy ta c:
( )
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
3
1 zx+y
1
5
1
1 5
5
x y z
x y z
xy yz zx yz zx xy
x y z
yz xy z
z y
x
yz zx y xy z
z y
x
z y y z
_
+ + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + +
,
+ + +
+ +
_
+

+ + +
,
_
+

+ +
,

vv
17. Cho x, y, z l cc s thc dng tha mn: x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
3. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
1 1 1
1 1 1
P
xy yz zx
+ +
+ + +
Gii
2/. Ta c: [ ]
1 1 1
(1 ) (1 ) (1 ) 9
1 1 1
xy yz zx
xy yz zx
_
+ + + + + + +

+ + +
,
2 2 2
9 9
3 3
P
xy yz zx x y z

+ + + + + +
Vy GTNN l P
min
=
3
2
khi x = y = z

9 3
6 2
P
18. Cho a, b, c l cc s thc tho mn
3. a b c + +
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
4 9 16 9 16 4 16 4 9 .
a b c a b c a b c
M + + + + + + + +
GII
Theo c si c
3
2
2 2 2 3 2 6
b c a b c + +
+ +
. Tng t
t
( ) ( ) ( )
2 ;3 ; 4 , 2 ;3 ; 4 , w 2 ;3 ; 4 w
a b c c a b b c a
u v M u v + +
r r uur r r uur
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
w 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4
a b c a b c a b c
M u v + + + + + + + + + +
r r uur

NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
Vy 3 29. M Du bng xy ra khi 1. a b c
19. Cho x, y, z
0
tho mn x+y+z > 0. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
( )
3 3 3
3
16 x y z
P
x y z
+ +

+ +
GII
Trc ht ta c:
( )
3
3 3
4
x y
x y
+
+
( ) ( )
2
... 0 x y x y +
t x + y + z = a. Khi
( ) ( )
( )
3 3
3 3
3
3
3 3
64 64
4 1 64
x y z a z z
P t t
a a
+ + +
+

(vi t =
z
a
, 0 1 t )
Xt hm s f(t) = (1 t)
3
+ 64t
3
vi t [ ] 0;1
. C
( ) [ ]
2
2
1
'( ) 3 64 1 , '( ) 0 0;1
9
f t t t f t t
1

]
Lp bng bin thin
( )
[ ] 0;1
64
inf
81
t
M t

GTNN ca P l
16
81
t c khi x = y = 4z > 0
20.Xt cc s thc dng x, y, z tha mn iu kin x + y + z = 1.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
2 2 2
x (y z) y (z x) z (x y)
P
yz zx xz
+ + +
+ +
GII
Ta c :
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x y y z z
P
y z z x x y
+ + + + +
(*)
Nhn thy : x
2
+ y
2
xy xy x, y
Do : x
3
+ y
3
xy(x + y) x, y > 0 hay
2 2
x y
x y
y x
+ +
x, y > 0
Tng t, ta c :
2 2
y z
y z
z y
+ +
y, z > 0
2 2
z x
z x
x z
+ + x, z > 0
Cng tng v ba bt ng thc va nhn c trn, kt hp vi (*), ta c:
P 2(x + y + z) = 2 x, y, z > 0 v x + y + z = 1
Hn na, ta li c P = 2 khi x = y = z =
1
3
. V vy, minP = 2.
21. Cho x, y, z 0 tho mn x+y+z > 0. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
( )
3 3 3
3
16 x y z
P
x y z
+ +

+ +
Trc ht ta c:
( )
3
3 3
4
x y
x y
+
+
(bin i tng ng) ( ) ( )
2
... 0 x y x y +
t x + y + z = a. Khi
( ) ( )
( )
3 3
3 3
3
3
3 3
64 64
4 1 64
x y z a z z
P t t
a a
+ + +
+

NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
(vi t =
z
a
, 0 1 t )
Xt hm s f(t) = (1 t)
3
+ 64t
3
vi t [ ] 0;1
. C
( ) [ ]
2
2
1
'( ) 3 64 1 , '( ) 0 0;1
9
f t t t f t t
1

]
Lp bng bin thin
( )
[ ] 0;1
64
inf
81
t
M t

GTNN ca P l
16
81
t c khi x = y = 4z > 0
22.Cho a,b,c l ba s thc dng. Chng minh: ( )
3 3 3
3 3 3
1 1 1 3
2
b c c a a b
a b c
a b c a b c
+ + + _ _
+ + + + + +

, ,
* Ta cm vi a, b > 0 c a
3
+ b
3
a
2
b + ab
2
(*)
Tht vy: (*)

(a + b)(a
2
-ab + b
2
) - ab(a + b) 0

(a + b)(a - b)
2
0 ng
ng thc xy ra khi a = b.
* T (*)

a
3
+ b
3
ab(a + b)
b
3
+ c
3
bc(b + c)
c
3
+ a
3
ca(c + a)

2(a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
) ab(a + b) + bc(b + c) + ca(c + a) (1)
* p dng BT co si cho 3 s dng ta c:

3
1
a
+
3
1
a
+
3
1
a
3
3
3 3 3
1 1 1
a b c
=
3
abc
(2)
* Nhn v vi v ca (1) v (2) ta c BT cn cm
ng thc xy ra khi a = b = c.
23. Cho x, y, z l ba s thc dng thay i v tha mn: xyz z y x + +
2 2 2
. Hy tm gi tr ln nht ca
biu thc:
xy z
z
zx y
y
yz x
x
P
+
+
+
+
+

2 2 2
.


xy z
z
zx y
y
xy x
x
P
+
+
+
+
+

2 2 2
.
V
0 ; ; > z y x
, p dng BT Csi ta c:
xy z
z
zx y
y
yz x
x
P
2 2 2
2 2 2
+ +
=

,
_

+ +
xy zx yz
2 2 2
4
1

,
_

+ +

,
_

+ +

,
_

+ + + + +
xyz
z y x
xyz
xy zx yz
y x x z z y
2 2 2
2
1
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4
1

2
1
2
1

,
_

xyz
xyz
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
Du bng xy ra
3 z y x
. Vy MaxP =
2
1
24. Cho x,y R v x, y > 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca
( ) ( )
3 3 2 2
( 1)( 1)
x y x y
P
x y
+ +

t t = x + y ; t > 2. p dng BT 4xy (x + y)
2
ta c
2
4
t
xy
3 2
(3 2)
1
t t xy t
P
xy t

+
. Do 3t - 2 > 0 v
2
4
t
xy nn ta c
2
3 2
2
2
(3 2)
4
2
1
4
t t
t t
t
P
t t
t

+
Xt hm s
2 2
2
4
( ) ; '( ) ;
2 ( 2)
t t t
f t f t
t t



f(t) = 0 t = 0 v t = 4.
t
2 4 +
f(t)
- 0 +
f(t)
+ +
8
Do min P =
(2; )
min ( ) f t
+
= f(4) = 8 t c khi
4 2
4 2
x y x
xy y
+

' '


25.Cho
0, 0, 1 x y x y > > +
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
1 1
x y
T
x y
+

t
2 2
cos ; sin 0;
2
x a y a a

_


,
khi
( ) ( )
2 2 3 3
sin cos 1 sin .cos cos sin cos sin
sin cos sina.cos sin .cos
a a a a a a a a
T
a a a a a
+ +
+
t
2
1
sin cos 2sin sin .cos
4 2
t
t a a a a a

_
+ +

,
Vi 0 1 2
2
a t

< < <

Khi
( )
3
2
3
1
t t
T f t
t

;
( )
( )
(
( )
( )
4
2
2
3
' 0 1; 2 2 2
1
t
f t t f t f
t

1
<
]

NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net

Vy
(
( )
( )
1; 2
min 2 2
t
f t f
1
]

khi
1
2
x y . Hay
min 2 T
khi
1
2
x y .
2
9 1
f (t) t 2t 1, t
4 2
9 1
f '(t) t 2 0 t
2 2
1 9
f (t) f ( )
2 16
+
>

Vy :
min
9 1
A khi x y
16 2

26.Cho cc s thc khng m x, y thay i v tha mn x + y = 1. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc S = (4x
2
+ 3y)(4y
2
+ 3x) + 25xy.
G. S = (4x
2
+ 3y)(4y
2
+ 3x) + 25xy = 16x
2
y
2
+ 12(x
3
+ y
3
) + 34xy
= 16x
2
y
2
+ 12[(x + y)
3
3xy(x + y)] + 34xy = 16x
2
y
2
+ 12(1 3xy) + 34xy
= 16x
2
y
2
2xy + 12
t t = x.y, v x, y 0 v x + y = 1 nn 0 t
Khi S = 16t
2
2t + 12
S = 32t 2 ; S = 0 t =
1
16
S(0) = 12; S() =
25
2
; S (
1
16
) =
191
16
. V S lin tc [0; ] nn :
Max S =
25
2
khi x = y =
1
2
Min S =
191
16
khi
2 3
x
4
2 3
y
4

'

hay
2 3
x
4
2 3
y
4

'
+

27.Chng minh rng vi mi s thc dng x, y, z tho mn x(x + y + z) = 3yz, ta c:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3
x y x z 3 x y x z y z 5 y z + + + + + + + + .
Gii:
T gi thit ta c:
x
2
+ xy + xz = 3yz

(x + y)(x + z) = 4yz
t a = x + y v b = x + z
Ta c: (a b)
2
= (y z)
2
v ab = 4yz
Mt khc
a
3
+ b
3
= (a + b) (a
2
ab + b)
2
( )
2
2 2
2(a b ) a b ab
1
+ +
]
= ( )
2
2
2 (a b) 2ab a b ab
1
1 + +
]
]
= ( )
2
2
2 (y z) 2yz y z 4yz
1
1 + +
]
]
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
= ( )
2
2
2 (y z) 4yz y z 1 + + +
]

( )
2
2 2
4(y z) y z 2(y z) (1) + + +
Ta li c:
3(x + y)(y +z)(z + x) = 12yz(y + z)
3(y + z)
2
. (y + z) = 3(y + z)
3
(2)
Cng tng v (1) v (2) ta c iu phi chng minh
28. Cho a, b, c 0 v
2 2 2
3 a b c + + . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc

3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c
P
b c a
+ +
+ + +
Ta c: P + 3 =
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
3
1 1 1
a
a
c
c
c
b
b
b
a
+
+
+ +
+
+ +
+
2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2 4
6
2
2
2
2
3
b
b
a
b
a
P
+
+
+
+
+
+

2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2
2
2
2
3
c
c
b
c
b +
+
+
+
+
+

2 4
1
1 2 1 2
2
2
2
2
3
a
a
c
a
c +
+
+
+
+
+ 3
6
3
6
3
6
2 16
3
2 16
3
2 16
3
c b a
+ +
6
2 2 2
3
8 2
9
) (
2 2 2
3
2 2
3
+ + + c b a P
2
3
2 2
3
2 2
9
2 2
3
2 2
9
6 3
P
P
Min
khi a = b = c = 1
29.Cho x, y, z l cc s thc dng ln hn 1 v tho mn iu kin
1 1 1
2
x y z
+ +
Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc A = (x - 1)(y - 1)(z - 1).
Ta c
1 1 1
2
x y z
+ +
nn
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (1)
y z y z
x y z y z yz

+ +
Tng t ta c
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (2)
x z x z
y x z x z xz

+ +
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
1 1 2 (3)
x y x y
y x y x y xy

+ +
Nhn v vi v ca (1), (2), (3) ta c
1
( 1)( 1)( 1)
8
x y z
NG VIT ANH-BR http://thay-do.net
vy A
max
=
1 3
8 2
x y z
30. Cho x, y, z l 3 s thc dng tha mn xyz=1. Chng minh rng

1 1 1
1
1 1 1 x y y z z x
+ +
+ + + + + +
t x=a
3
y=b
3
z=c
3
th x, y, z >0 v abc=1.Ta c
a
3
+ b
3
=(a+b)(a
2
+b
2
-ab) (a+b)ab, do a+b>0 v a
2
+b
2
-ab ab

a
3
+ b
3
+1 (a+b)ab+abc=ab(a+b+c)>0

( )
3 3
1 1
a b 1 ab a b c

+ + + +
Tng t ta c
( )
3 3
1 1
c 1 bc a b c b

+ + + +
,
( )
3 3
1 1
a 1 ca a b c c

+ + + +
Cng theo v ta c
1 1 1
1 1 1 x y y z z x
+ +
+ + + + + +
=
3 3
1
a b 1 + +
+
3 3
1
c 1 b + +
+
3 3
1
a 1 c + +

( )
1 1 1 1
a b c ab bc ca
_
+ +

+ +
,
=
( )
( )
1
1
a b c
c a b + +
+ +
Du bng xy ra khi x=y=z=1