elguja menabdiSvili studenti axalgazrdebis religiisadmi damokidebuleba globalizaciam aqtualuri gaxada sazogadoebaSi mimdinare procesebis mecnieruli kvleva.

gan sakuTrebuli mniSvneloba SeiZina axal pirobebSi Camoyalibebuli adamianebis, kerZod studenti axalgazrdobis, msoflmxedvelobrivi da RirebulebiTi orientaciebis Seswavlam. studentebis religiisadmi damokidebulebaze vimsjelebT sociologiuri gamokvleviT mopovebuli informaciis safuZvelze. ganvixilavT iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa: morwmuneoba, moZRvris yola, religiur msaxurebaSi monawileoba, marxvebis Senaxva, eklesiisadmi ndobis xarisxi, moZRvris adgili yvelaze metad sando subieqtebSi, eklesia rogorc adgili sadac studenti Tavs yvelaze kargad grZnobs. gadmovcemT studentTa azrs sarwmunoebaze, rogorc qarTvelebis erT-erT yvelaze didmniSvnelovan Rirebulebaze. informacia movipoveT 2010 wlis mais noemberSi Tbilisis Svid umaRles saswavlebelSi Catarebuli gamokvlevis Sedegad. romelic ganxorcielda ilias universitetis demografiisa da sociologiis institutis asocirebuli mkvlevaris lela menabdiSvilis mier. religiisadmi damokidebulebis Sesaxeb kiTxvebis bloki Sedgenilia Cvens mier. sul darigda 800 kiTxvari. Sevsebuli kiTxvarebis redaqciis Sedegad vargisi aRmoCnda 776. Sevsebis arasrulyofilebis gamo 24 kiTxvari damuSavebisTvis uvargisi aRmoCnda. gamokiTxuli studentebi 17 21 wlis asakisani arian. maTi absoluturi umravlesoba pirvelkurselia. eklesiu lesi reba. eklesiuri cxovreba. gamokiTxulTa absoluturma cxovre umravlesobam (96.4%) ganacxada, rom morwmunea. maT Soris 28,6% qalia, 71,4% _ kaci. marTlmadidebeli morwmunis cxovrebis wesis erT-erTi arsebiTi maxasiaTebe-

lia moZRvris yola. moZRvari religiuri subieqtia, romelic gadamwyvet rols TamaSobs morwmunis cxivrebaSi. moZRvari is pirovnebaa, visi daxmarebiTac morwmune Tavisufldeba mtkivneuli emociuri da fizikuri gancdebisagan, Tavs aRwevs mwuxarebasa da apaTias, iRebs sulier simSvides, enTuzizmsa da mxiarulebas. gamokiTxuli erTobliobis ganxilvam moZRvris yolis niSniT, gviCvena rom igi hyavs gamokiTxulTa 42,3%-s. kiTxvas ar upasuxa 0,9%-ma. maT Soris visac hyavs moZRvari 43,9% kacia, 61,7% ki qali. RvTis msaxureba ganamtkicebs morwmuneTa Soris siyvarulsa da Zmobas. eklesiaSi siaruliT, locviTa da marxviT xdeba yoveli cudi zraxvisa da gulisTqmis daTrgunva, romelic gauCndeba adamians. religiur msaxurebaSi daswrebis sixSiriTa da motiviT gamokiTxulebi gansxvavdebian. meoTxedze meti (25,5%) religiur msaxurebebs yovel kvi ra eswreba. amdenive eswreba TveSi erTxel. mxolod religiuri dResaswaulebis dros 21%. religiur msaxurebas weliwadSi ramdenjerme eswreba respondentTa 26,9%. mci rea imaTi xvedriTi wili, romlebic religiur msaxurebas eswrebian jvrisweris, naTlobis da dakrZalvis dros. kiTxvas ar upasuxa 1.5%-ma. religiuri cxovrebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani aspeqtia marxvebis Senaxva. am mxriv gamokiTxuli erTobliobis qceva ar aris erTgvarovani. maTi mexuTedze (21,6%) meti yvela marxvas inaxavs. mxolod oTxSabaTi paraskevis marxvas inaxavs 7,3%, aRdgomis marxvas _ 16,2%, Sobis marxvas 6,3%, mariamobis marxvas _ 3,6%, arcerT marxvas ar inaxavs gamokiTxulTa 44,7%. kiTxvas ar upasuxa 4%-ma. pasuxebis variantSi `sxva~ respondentTa nawilma aseTi pasuxebi Cawera: `xan romels, xan romels~, `SeZlebisdagvarad~, `xSir SemTxvevaSi~, `xandaxan~, `adre vinaxavdi axla ara~. religiuri rwmena araa biologiuri fenomeni. igi socialuri fenomenia. adamianis socializacia araa erTjeradi procesi. igi droSi SeuzRudavad

mimdinareobs da Tveebis, wlebis da TviT sicocxlis dasasrulamde grZeldeba. arc religiuri rwmenisa da Rirebulebebis gacnoba _ gaTavisebaa martivi da erTjeradi socialuri qmedebebis Sedegi. Cveni cnobiereba, Cveni socialuri garemo ar moiazreba ojaxis, skolis, samezoblos, megobar Tanatolebisa Tu literatures, kinos gmirebis gareSe. igi ar moiazreba Tanamedrove informaciisa da komunokaciis saSualebebTan urTierTobis gareSec. azri aqvs gavarkvioT studentebSi religiuri rwmenis SeZena _ Camoyalibebis garemo. masze garkveuli warmodgena Segviqmna pasuxma kiTxvaze `sad SeiZineT religiuri rwmena?~ gamokiTxulma studentebma ramdenime maTgani daasaxela. maT Soris umravlesobam ojaxi (68,8%) aRniSna. kiTxvas ar upasuxa respondentTa meoTxedma (25,3%). respondentTa mcire nawilma religiuri rwmenis SeZenis adgilad daasaxela skola (9,8%), Tanatolebi da megobrebi (8,25%) da literaturis, kinos gmirebi (3,5%). rogorc vxedavT, religiuri rwmenis Camoyalibeba ramdenime socialur garemoSi xorcieldeba, oRond maT Soris dominirebuli adgili ojaxs ukavia. studen dentTa ndoba ZiriTadi institutebisad riTa stitutebisadmi. studen tTa ndoba Zi riTadi institutebisadmi. yoveli warmatebuli sazogadoebis arsebiTi maxasiaTebelia ndobis maRali xarisxi iseTi ZiriTadi institutebis, organizaciebisa da samsaxurebis mimarT, rogoricaa ganaTleba, sasamarTlo, policia, SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, saxelmwifo samsaxurebi, profkavSirebi, parlamenti da sxv. davinteresdiT eklesiisadmi studentTa ndobis xarisxis garkveviT. kiTxvis formam SesaZlebloba mogvca eklesiisadmi studentTa ndoba gagveanalizebina qarTuli sazogadoebis iseTi samsaxurebis, organizaciebis da institutebisadmi gamovlenili ndobis fonze, rogoricaa SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, saskolo ganaTleba, parlamenti, sasamarTlo, umaRlesi ganaTleba, televizia, profkavSirebi, saxelmwifo samsaxurebi da policia. students TiToeuli maTga-

nisadmi ndoba unda gamoexata SeTavazebuli oTxi variantidan erT-erTis aRniSvniT. variantebi iyo: `Zalian didi~, `didi~, `saSualo~ da `ar vendobi~. respondentTa ndobis ar arsebobis dadgenasTan erTad SeTavazebuli variantebiT SegveZlo ndobis xarisxis donis garkvevac (cxrili #1).

cxrili 1 rogoria Tqveni ndobis xarisxi TiToeuli qvemoT CamoTvlilisadmi

Zalian didi 78,84 9,72 7,73 4,15 20,08 0,95 1,82 0,65 2,25 10,02 didi 14,74 34,29 24,23 16,49 36,04 7,18 8,59 7,82 17,98 30,59 saSualo 5,25 44,39 53,99 50,91 39,63 52,3 51,56 53,98 55,02 45,24 ar vendobi 1,15 11,59 12,76 28,44 4,25 39,56 38,02 37,65 24,73 14,14

eklesia SeiaraRebuli Zalebi saskolo ganaTleba sasamarTlo umaRlesi ganaTleba profkavSirebi parlamenti televizia saxelmwifo samsaxurebi policia

gamokiTxul studentTa absoluturma umravlesobam mxolod eklesiisadmi gamoxata ndobis maRali done (maT Soris 78,84% _ `Zalian didi~, 14,74%-ma `didi~). yvela sxva samsaxurisadmi Tu organizaciisadmi ndobis mqone respondentTa xvedriTi wili dabalia. maT Soris ufro ukeTesi mdgomareoba aRiniSneba umaRlesi ganaTlebis, SeiaraRebuli Zalebis da Ppoliciis SemTxveva-

Si. umaRlesi ganaTlebisadmi maRali xarisxis ndoba gamoxata studentTa 56,12%-ma (maT Soris 20,08% _ `Zalian didi~, 36,04% _ ~didi~). SeiaraRebuli Zalebisadmi maRali xarisxis ndoba gamoxata studentTa 44,01% ma (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ _ 9,72%-ma, `didi~ _ 34,29%). policiisadmi ndobis maRali xarisxi gamoxata studentTa 40,01%-ma (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ _ 10,02%, `didi~ _ 30,59%). respondentTa mxolod mesamedze naklebma gamoxata ndobis maRali xarisxi saskolo ganaTlebisadmi (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ _ 7,73%, `didi~- 24,23%). mxolod erTma mesamedma gamoxata ndoba saxelmwifo samsaxurisadmi (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ _ 2,25%, `didi~ _ 17,98%) da sasamarTlosadmi (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ 4,15%, `didi~- 16,49%). Zalian mcirea im studentTa xvedriTi wili, romlebmac maRali xarisxis ndoba gamoacxades parlamentis (maT Soris `Zalian didi~ 1,82%, `didi~ 8,59%), televiziis (`Zalian didi~ 0,65%, `didi~ 7,82%) da profkavSirebisadmi (`Zalian didi~ 0,95%, `didi~ _ 7,18%). ndobis deficiti kidev ufro naTlad gamoixateba Tu ganxilul institutebsa da samsaxurebs SevafasebT mxolod pasuxis variantiT `ar vendobi~. arc erTi maTgani ar darCa am pasuxis gareSe, magram Tu eklesiisa da umaR lesi ganaTlebis mimarT pasuxis es varianti aRniSna Sesabamisad 1,15% da 4,25%-ma, bevrad maRali iyo SeiaraRebuli Zalebis (11,59%), saskolo ganaTlebis (12, 76%) da policiis SemTxvevaSi (14,14%). rogori mcirec ar unda iyos `ar vendobis~ aRmniSvneli studentTa xvedriTi wili, igi aris maT mimarT undoblobis aSkara gamoxatuleba, rac maT funqciobaSi naklovanebebisa da uaryofiTi tendenciebis aRmofxvris aqtualobaze migvaniSnebs. studentTa imdenad mravalricxovanma nawilma gamoxata undobloba saxelmwifo samsaxurebis (24,73%), sasamarTlos (28,44%), televiziis (37,65%), parlamentis (38,02%) da profkavSirebis (39,56%) mi marT, rom ndobis maTdami

Secvla mxolod mizanmimarTuli, masStaburi da Zireuli gardaqmnebiTaa SesaZlebeli. erTaderTi instituti, romlisadmic gamokiTxulma studentebma ndobis maRali done gamoxates aRnoCnda eklesia. respondentTa mxolod 6,4% -ma gamoxata misdami saSualo ndoba da undobloba. pirovnuli rovnu seqsu luri Tavisuflebisad sua visuflebisadmi dapi rovnuli da seqsualuri Tavi suflebi sadmi da mokidebuleb kidebule moki debuleb a. Tanamedrove mkvlevarTa az riT kulturuli rRveva, romelic hyofs dasavleTsa da islamur samyaros, exeba pirovnul Tavisuflebas seqsualur sakiTxeb Si, ganqorwinebisadmi damokidebulebas da genderul Tanasworobas. (fondi `Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelo~, angariSebi, analizi, rekomendaciebi: qarTuli sazogadoebis Rirebulebebi 2006, gv 18) seqsualuri Tavisuflebisadi respondentTa damokidebulebas gan vixilavT pasuxebiT kiTxveb ze: `piradad Tqven rogori damokidebuleba gaqvT seqsualuri Tavisuflebisadmi~? pasuxTa variantebiT: 1. dadebiTi, 2. uaryofiTi. `piradad Tqven rogori damokidebuleba gaqvT pi rovnuli Tavisuflebisadmi?~ pasuxTa variantebiT: 1. dadebiTi. 2. uaryofiTi. `eTanxmebiT Tu ara im azrs, rom adamianma unda icxovros sruli seqsualuri Tavisuflebis principiT?~ pasuxebis variantebiT: 1. srulad veTanxmebi, 2. nawilobriv veTan xmebi, 3. ar veTanxmebi, 4. miWirs pasuxis gacema. miRebuli monacemis analizma aCvena, rom gamokiTxulTa meoTxedze mets (25,5%) dadebiTi damokidebuleba aqvs seqsualuri Tavisuflebisadi, xolo sam meoTxedze naklebi (71,25%) aR niSnavs uaryofiT damokidebulebas. kiTxvas ar upasuxa - 3,22%-ma. uaryofiTi poziciis respondentebSi gogonebi ufo metia (79%), vidre vaJebi (60,55%). pirovnuli Tavisuflebisadmi respondentTa damokidebulebis SeTxvevaSi sxva viTarebaa. dadebiTi damokidebuleba gamoavlina respondentTa 95%-ma. uaryofiTi damokidebuleba aRniSna 2%-ma. xolo kiTxvas ar upasuxa 3%-ma. rac Seexeba respondentTa sruli seqsu-

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aluri Tavisuflebis principiT cxovrebisadmi damokidebulebas, aRmoCnda, rom respondentTa yvelaze mravalricxovani nawili (44,3%) mas ar eTanxmeba, meaTeds odnav aRemateba is respondentebi, romlebic mas srulad eTanxmeba (10,7%), TiTqmis meoTxedi (24,5%) nawilobriv eTanxmeba, xolo 12,5%-s gauWirda kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema. pasuxTa gadmocemuli struqtura migvaniSnebs respondentTa arcTu umniSvnelo nawilis poziciis gaurkvevlobaze. damafiqrebelia im respondentTa xvedriTi wili, romlebsac sruli seqsualuri Tavisuflebis principiT cxovrebisadmi ufro Tanxmoba gamoxata, vidre uaryofiTi pozicia. gamokvleva SasaZleblobas iZleoda gagverkvia rogori damokidebuleba aqvs Cven sazogadoebas qalwulobis institutis dacvisadmi. igi iwonebs, pativiscemas avlens Tu ara im adamianebisadmi, romlebic qalwulobis instituts icaven. monacemTa analizma aCvena, rom Cven sazogadoebaSi qalwulobis institutisadmi araerTgarovani damokidebulebaa. respondentTa erTma jgufma es damokidebuleba Seafasa, rogorc didi mowoneba da pativiscema (30,6%), meorem saSualo (40,4%) da mesamem dabali (27,8%). bunebrivia aseTi damokidebuleba ar SeiZleba xels uwyobdes Cvens sazogadoebaSi qalwulobis institutis damcvelTa gamravlebas. Tu sazogadoebaSi mxolod dabali prestiJi da pativiscemaa garantirebuli im adamianebisTvis, romlebic qalwulobis institutis dacvis erTgul ni arian, igi SeuZlebelia sazogadoebaSi cxovrebis normad iqces. gamokvleva saSualebas iZleva gan vixiloT es sakiTxi qorwinebamde seqsualuri urTierTobis gamocdilebis qoneba ar qonebis Sesaxeb respodentTa damokidebulebis mixedviT. aR moCnda, rom respondentTa damokidebuleba gansxvavebulia imis da mixedviT Tu romeli sqesis warmomadgenels exeba qals Tu kacs. respondentTa 72% eTanxmeba im azrs, rom qals ar unda hqondes seqsualuri urTierTobis gamocdileba.

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kacis mimarT ki pozicia gansxvavebulia. 82,8% miaCnia, rom kacs seqsualuri urTierTobis gamocdileba unda hqondes. Tavs nebas mivcemT gamokiTxuli erTobliobis da kiTxvaris gansxvavebis miuxedavad SevadaroT fond `Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelos~ dafinansebiT Catarebuli gamokvvlevisa da Cvens mier Catarebuli gamokvlevis monacemebi pirovnebis seqsualuri Tavisuflebis sakiTxze. imisda mi uxedavad, rom gamokiTxuli erToblioba asakobrivad, cxovrebis gamocdilebiTa da socialuri maxasiaTeblebiT gansxvavdeba, agreTve gan sxvavdeba poziciis gamovlenis kiTxvisa da pasuxis forma, vfiqrobT Sedareba mainc SesaZlebelia. maTTan kiTxva ase iyo formulirebuli: `Tu vinme ityvis, rom adamianebs unda hqondeT SesaZlebloba isargeb lon sruli seqsualuri TavisuflebiT SezRudvis gareSe ufro daeTanxmebiT Tu ar daeTanxmebiT?~ pasuxis variantebia~ 1. ufro daveTanxmebi, 2. ufro ar daveTanxmebi, 3. arc erTi/gaaCnia, 4. ar vici. respondentTa pasuxebi ase ganawilda: 50,5% ufro ar daveTanxmebi, 23,1% _ ar vici, 17,7% _ ufro daveTanxmebi, 8,7% _ arc erTi/gaaCnia. rogorc vxedavT seqsualuri Tavisuflebisadmi uaryofiTi damokidebuleba gamokiTxulTa naxevarze mcired metTan aRiniSna. gamokiTxul Ta TiTqmis meeqvsedma ki dadebiTi damokidebuleba aR niSna. gaurkveveli poziciaa TiTqmis meoTxedTan. rac SeiZleba gamokiTxul Ta socialuri araerTgvarovnebiT, sqesobriv-asakob rivi struqturiTa da kiTxvis formiT iyos gapirobebuli. aRniSnulis miuxedavad, faqtia, rom Cven mier gamokiTxul studentebs Soris seqsualuri Tavisuflebisadmi dadebiTad damokidebuli respondentebis xvedriTi wili arc Tu umniSvnelod aRemateba fondis mier Catarebuli gamokvlevis analogiur maCvenebels. aris es Tanamedrove eleqtronuli informaciebis mzardi zegavlenis Sedegi, romelsac `informaciul imperializms~ uwodeben da farTod avrcelebs pirveli sam-

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yaros qveynebis kul turasa da Rirebulebebs, Tu ara amas Semdgomi gamokvlevebi gviCveneben. studen dentTa damokidebule mokidebuleba ojaxi xisa qorwinewine studen tTa damoki debuleba ojaxisa da qorwi nebisad sadmi. bisadmi. gamokiTxul studentTa damokidebuleba ojaxis Seqmnis aucileblobis, qorwinebaSi mSoblis Tanxmobis aucileblobisa da ojaxis Seqmnis formebisadmi aseTia: respondentTa mxolod 47.8% mTlianad iziarebs im azrs, rom yvela adamianma unda Seqmnas ojaxi, 11.9% am pozicias ar iziarebs, xolo 40.2% mxolod nawilobriv iziarebs. araerTgvarovania studentTa damokidebuleba qorwinebaSi mSoblis Tanxmobis aucileblobisadmi. maT naxevars igi aucileblad miaCnia, TiTqmis amdenive ki sapirispiro mosazrebazea. ojaxis Seqmnis formebidan respondentebis umravlesoba (87.9%) jvrisweras eTanxmeba, TiTqmis mexuTedi samoqalaqo reestrSi qorwinebas, xolo 11.5% _ Tanacxovrebas. respondentebis nawilma erTdroulad ramodenime formaze miuTiTa. aseTia Cvens mier Catarebuli gamokvlevis zogierTi Sedegi. igi gviCvenebs mxolod mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs qarTuli tradiciuli ojaxur _ qorwinebrivi urTierTobis normebSi, Cveni axalgazrdebis cnobierebaSi, sulier cxovrebaSi. gansakuTrebiT es exeba seqsualuri Tavisuflebis sakiTxs da ojaxur _ qorwinebiT urTierTobebs. yvela laze mniSvnelova vnelovani Rirebulebebi. rebulebe yvelaze mniSvnelovani Ri rebulebebi. qarTvelebis yvelaze mniSvnelovani aTi Rirebulebis gamokvlevis mizniT Cveni xelmZRvanelobiT Catarda ramdenime gamokvleva. 2003 wels gamoikiTxa 652 qarTveli. isini asakiT, sqesiT, saqmianobiT sruliad gansxvavebul socialur jgufebs ekuTvnodnen, 2004 wels seqtember _ noemberSi Tbilisis marTlmadidebeli mrevlis 1500 warmomadgeneli iqna gamokiTxuli. 2010 wels Tbilisis Svidi umaRlesi saswavleblis 800 _ mde studenti iqna gamokiTxuli. aRniSnuli gamokvlevebiT miRebuli Sedegebi umniSvnelo cvlilebebiT xasiaTdebian. cvlilebebi gamoixateba ramdenime Rire-

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bulebis damsaxelebelTa xvedriTi wilis SecvliT. igi gamovlinda gamokiTxul Ta naxevaris, ori mexuTedis, erTi mesamedis da erTi meoTxedis farglebSi. gamokiTxuli 652 qarTvelidan rva Rirebuleba dasaxelebuli iqna respondentTa naxevarze metis mier, xolo 1500 respondentis mier dasaxelebuli Rirebulebebidan cxra iyo aRniSnuli respondentTa naxevarze metis mier. aseve respondentTa naxevarze metis mier iyo dasaxelebuli cxra Rirebuleba studentTa gamokiTxvis dros. samive gamokiTxvaSi gamokiTxulTa naxevarze metma yvelaze mniSvnelovan aT Ri rebulebaSi daasaxela `ojaxi~, `sarwmunoeba~, `samSoblo~, `patiosneba~, `megobroba~ da `naTesavi~. 1500 respondentis aTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani Rirebulebebis siis miRma darCa `mSobliuri ena~ da `fuli~. isini ganxilul or gamokvlevaSi aTeulSi Sediodnen. studentTa mier dasaxelebuli aTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani Rirebulebis siis miRma darCa: `ganaTleba~, `kacTmoyvareoba~ da `qalis pativiscema~, xolo maT yvelaze mniSvnelovan aT RirebulebaSi Sevida: `Tavisufleba~ da `winapari~. isini wina or gamokvlevaSi dasaxelebuli aTi Rirebulebis siis miRma iyvnen. yoveli adamianis cxovreba ojaxTanaa dakavSirebuli. rolisa da fun qciis mixedviT adamianis cxovreba or nawilad SeiZleba gavyoT. erTi nawili dabadebidan iwyeba da damoukidebeli ojaxis Seqmnamde grZeldeba. am periodSi igi ojaxis erT-erTi wevria. cxovrebis meore periodi ojaxis SeqmniT iwyeba da sicocxlis bolomde grZel deba. am periodSi igi ojaxis Semoqmedia, momavali Taobis, STamomavlobis Semoqmedia. qorwinebiT is meuRlesTan erTad iwyebs im mZime da sapatio tvirTis zidvas, romelic xdeba misi Rirsebisa da sazogadoebrivi pativiscemis safuZveli. sazogadoeba ojaxis Semqmneli subieqtebis Sefasebas axdens im rolebis SesrulebiT, romlebsac

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marTlmadidebloba uwodebs `cxovrebis megzursa da Semwes~ da `TanameuRlesa da mcvels~. `cxovrebis megzurad da Semwed~ da `TanameuRled da mcvelad~ yofnis safuZvelia urTierTsiyvaruli da erTguleba. igi qarTvelebis fuZemdebluri Rirebulebaa. saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi is daculi iyo zne _ CveulebebiT, tradiciiT, yofiTi wesebiT, adaTobrivi da religiuri samarTlis normebiT. vfiqrobT, aRniSnuli naTelsa da gasagebs xdis Tu samive gamokvlevaSi gamokiTxul respondentTa yvelaze mraval ricxovanma nawilma ratom daasaxela yvelaze mniSvnelovan Rirebulebad `ojaxi~ (89.2%, 84.5%, 87.1%) da `sarwmunoeba~ (67.3%, 76.8%, 78.7%). 2010 wels gamokiTxulma studentebma SeTavazebuli ocdaoTxi Rirebulebidan qarTvelebisaTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovnad ocdaoTxive daasaxeles. oRond, dasaxelebis sixSiriT isini gansxvavdebian (ix. cxrili 2).

cxrili 2 studentebis mier dasaxelebuli Rirebulebebi

Rirebulebebi ojaxi sarwmunoeba samSoblo megobroba fuli Tavisufleba patiosneba winaprebi naTesavi mSobliuri ena zne-Cveuleba ganaTleba absoluturi raodenoba 676 611 568 521 452 450 445 444 397 367 354 336 damsaxeleb elTa xvedriTi wili 87.11% 78.74% 73.19% 67.14% 58.25% 57.99% 57.34% 57.21% 51.16% 47.29% 45.62% 43.30%

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iumori qalis pativiscema garToba erovnuli kultura kacTmoyvareoba Sroma xelisufleba mezobloba xelovneba mravalSvilianoba kanoni mecniereba

298 290 289 276 200 151 132 129 67 50 47 19

38.40% 37.37% 37.24% 35.57% 25.77% 19.46% 17.01% 16.62% 8.63% 6.44% 6.05% 2.45%

yvelaze mraval ricxovanma respondentma daasaxela: `ojaxi~, `sarwmunoeba~ da `samSoblo~. yvelaze mcirericxovanma _ `mravalSvilianoba~, `kanoni~ da `mecniereba~. dasaxelebis mixedviT cxra Rirebulebam arCevani miiRo gamokiTxul respondentTa naxevarze metisgan. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, am Rirebulebebis erTsulovani arCevani gaakeTa gamokiTxulTa naxevarze metma. aR niSnuli sami Rirebulebis garda maT mi ekuTvneba: `megobroba~, `fuli~, `Tavisufleba~, `patiosneba~, `winapari~ da `naTesavi~. oRond, Tu pirveli oTxi Rirebulebis SemTxvevaSi erTsulovneba gamoixata respondentTa or mesamedze metiT, Semdgomi xuTi Rirebulebis SemTxvevaSi igi gamoixata respondentTa 51-59%-iT. Semdegi sami safexuri daikaves Rirebulebebma, romlebic dasaxelebulni iqnen gamokiTxulTa 43-48%-is mier. es Rirebulebebia: `mSobliuri ena~, `zneCveuleba~ da `ganaTleba~. Semdegi oTxi safexuri daikaves Rirebulebebma, romlebic daasaxeles respondentTa 35-39%. es Ri rebulebebia: `iumori~, `qalis pativiscema~, `garToba~ da `erovnuli kultura~. momdevno oTxi safexuri daikaves Rirebulebebma, romlebic dasaxel da respondentTa 16-26% mi er. es

16

Rirebulebebia: `kacTmoyvareoba~, `Sroma~, `xelisufleba~ da `mezobloba~. bolo oTxi safexuri daikaves Rirebulebebma, romlebic dasaxelebuli iqna gamokiTxulTa 2-9% mi er. es Rirebulebebia: `xelovneba~, `mraval Svilianoba~, `kanoni~ da `mecniereba~. aseTia gamokiTxuli studentebis mier aRniSnuli qarTvelebis yvelaze didmniSvnelovani Rirebulebebis ierarqia. Tu mas SevafasebT eris arsebobaganviTarebis pirobebis Seqmnis funqciiT, e.i imiT, Tu ramdenad uwyobs xels eris aqtualuri amocanebis gadawyvetas, misi Semdgomi progresisTvis xel sayreli pirobebis Seqmnas, vnaxavT, rom isini qarTveli eris winaSe mdgomi amocanebis araadeqvaturia. davkmayofildebiT ori magaliTiT. pirveli, igi im Rirebulebis ignorirebas, arasaTanado dafasebas axdens, romelic qarTveli eris biologiur, fizikur arsebobas uzrunvel yofs. `mravalSvilianoba~ mxolod gamokiTxulTa mcire nawilisTvisaa (6.44%) didmniSvnelovani Rirebuleba, arada gaeros, msoflio eqspertTa daskvniT qarTvelebi momakvdav erebs miekuTvneba. meore, `mecnierebisTvis~ bolo ukanasknel adgiliT (2.45%) faqtiurad imis uaryofa xdeba, rac TviT msoflios yvelaze ganviTarebul qveyanaSi. aSSSi aRiarebulia ekonomikis, teqnologiebis, socialuri progresis ganmsaz Rvrelad. aSS-s mecnierebebi (n. smelzeri, j. masionisi, e. gidensi da sxv.) xazs usvamen mecnierebis gamorCeul rols axali teqnologiebis SeqmnaSi, adamianTa janmrTelobis, sicocxlis xangrZlivobisa da socialuri problemebis moxsnaSi. `amerikelebi _ aRniSnavs n. smelzeri, _ mecnierbisgan moelian teqnologiuri, samedicino da TviT socialuri problemebis gadawyvetas.~ (nuil smelzeri, sociologia, gamomcemloba `feniksi~ 1994w. gv. 64.) aqamde Catarebul or gamokvlevaSi Rirebulebebi ganxiluli iyo gamokiTxulTa mier dasaxelebis niSniT. respondenti SeTavazebuli 24 Rirebulebidan aTs gamohyofda rogorc yvelaze mniSvnelovans ise, rom ar

17

axdenda TiToeuli aRniSnulis rangobrivad daxarisxebas. aTi dasaxelebuli Rirebuleba ar iyo raime rangis mixedviTY dayofili, daxarisxebuli, arada, cxadia, TiToeuli maTgani respondentisaTvis erTnairi mniSvnelobis ar iyo. vcadeT, repondentebs moexdinaT dasaxelebuli aTi Rirebulebis rangobrivi Sefaseba. am mizniT studentTa nawils vTxoveT, RirebulebebisTvis mieweraT qula (bali) erTidan aTis CaTvliT. yvelaze mniSvnelovnisTvis mieweraT 10 qula, masze ufro naklebi mniSvnelobisTvis 9 qula, kidev ufro nakleb mniSvnelobisTvis 8 qula da a.S. yvelaze nakleb mniSvnelovanisaTvis ki mieweraT 1 qula. amrigad, Cvens gamokiTxvaSi pirvelad 216 studentma qarTvelebisTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani aTi Rirebulebis dasaxelebis garda maTi rangobrivi ganlageba _ daxasiaTebac moaxdina. maT mier Rirebulebebis rangobrivi ganlageba aseTia: pirveli rangi miiRo 11 Rirebulebam, meore rangi _ 13 Rirebulebam, mesame rangi _ 13 Rirebulebam, meoTxe rangi _ 16 Rirebulebam, mexuTe ran gi _ 15 Rirebulebam, meeqvse rangi _ 18 Rirebulebam, meSvide rangi _ 17 Rirebulebam, merve rangi _ 16 Rirebulebam, mecxre rangi _ 19 Rirebulebam, meaTe rangi _ 17 Rirebulebam. axla ganvixiloT cameti Rirebulebis rangobrivi daxasiaTeba: `sarwmunoebas~ wmuno `sarwmunoebas aTive safexuris qula aqvs miniWebuli rangis miniWebuli respondentebis 94.9%-is mier. isini araTanabrad arian ganawilebuli. umaRlesi anu pirveli safexuris qula mianiWa respondentTa 32.68%-ma, meore safexuris _ 19.51%, sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi miakuTvna 62.44%. pirveli xuTi safexuris qulebi miakuTvna respondentTa 82.93%, bolo xuTi safexurisa _ 17.07%, maT Soris bolo sami safexuris _ 9.75%. `sarwmunoebam~ sul miiRo 1578 qula. `ojaxs~ `ojaxs aTive safexuris qula aqvs miniWebuli. igi rangis mimniWebel respondentTa 85.65% mianiWa. umaR lesi, anu pirveli safexuri miakuTvna responden-

18

tTa 21.08%, meore safexuri _ 18.91%, sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi miakuTvnes respondentTa 57.83%, pirveli xuTi safexurisa 73.51%, bolo xuTi safexuris _ 26.48%, maT Soris bolo sami safexuris _ 13.51%. `ojaxma~ sul miiRo 1317 qula. `samSob Soblom~ `samSoblom~ aTive safexurze qula miiRo respondentTa 74.54%-sgan. aq qulebi arc Tanabrad da arc Tanamimdevrulad araa ganawilebuli. pirveli safexuris qulebi miakuTvnes respondentTa 19.25%, meore safexuris _ 31.67%. sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi miakuTvnes respondentTa 63.96%, pirveli xuTi safexuris _ 77.02%, bolo xuTi safexuris _ 22.96%, maT Soris bolo sami safexuris _ 9.94%. sul `samSoblom~ 1207 qula miiRo. `megobrobam~ gobro `megobrobam~ aTive safexurze qulebi miiRo respondentTa 59.26%-sagan. pirvel safexurze mas qula mianiWa respondentTa 1.56%, meore safexurze _ 2.34%, sul pirvel sam safexurze respondentTa 15.62%, pirvel xuT safexurze _ 36.72%, bolo xuT safexurze _ 63.28%, maT Soris bolo sam safexurze _ 35.93%. `megobrobis~ Rirebulebam sul 609 qula miiRo. Tavisufle visuflebam~ ` Tavi suflebam~ aTive safexurze miiRo qulebi. igi mas mianiWa rangis mimniWebel respondentTa 58.8%. pirveli safexuris qula miakuTvna respondentTa 19.38%, meore safexuris _ 1.57%. pirveli sami safexuris qulebia 24.41%. pirveli xuTi safexuris qulebi mianiWa respondentTa 48.82%, bolo xuTi safexuris qulebi mianiWa respondentTa 51.18%. sul `Tavisuflebis~ Rirebulebam 692 qula miiRo. `patiosne tiosneb `pati osneb as~ aTive safexurze mianiWes qulebi. mas igi miakuTvna rangis mimniWebel respondentTa 56.01%. umaR lesi safexuri mas respondentTa 13.22% miakuTvna, meore safexuri ki _ 15.7%. pirveli sami safexuri mianiWa respondentTa 46.28%, pirveli xuTi safexuri _ 67.76%. bolo xuTi safexuri respondentTa 32.24%. sul `patiosnebam~, rogorc Rirebulebam miiRo 807 qula.

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`wina napars~ `winapars~ aTive safexurze qula miakuTvna respondentTa naxevarma (50.4%). maT Soris umaRlesi safexuri miakuTvna mcire nawilma (1.83%), meore safexurze qula respondentTa amdenive nawilma miakuTvna. mesame safexurze qula respondentTa 11% mianiWa. sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi respondentTa 16.67% mianiWa, pirveli xuTi safexuris qulebi ki _ 32.aa%. bolo xuTi safexuris qulebi miakuTvna respondentTa 67.89%, maT Soris bolo sami safexuris qulebi 32.61% Seadgina. sul `winaparma~ miiRo 495 qula. `zneCveulbam~ veul `zneCveulbam~ qulebi mxolod cxra safexurze miiRo. mesame safexurze mas qulebi ar miuRia. mas qulebi mianiWa rangis mimniWebel respondentTa 51.85%. pirvel safexurze mas qulebi mianiWa 6.25%, meore safexurze ki _ 8%. sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi `zneCveulebam~ miiRo respondentTa 14.28%, pirveli xuTi safexurisa ki _ 33.03%. bolo xuTi safexuris qulebi zneCveulebas mianiWa 66.26%, maT Soris sul sami safexuris qulebi Seadgina 46.38%. sul miniWebuli qulebis raodenobaa 487. `ganaTlebas~ naTle `ganaTlebas~ aTive safexurze qula mianiWa respondentTa naxevarze metma (56.01%). pirveli, anu umaRlesi safexuris qula miakuTvna respondentTa 0.82%, meore safexuris _ 7.44%. sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi miakuTvnes respondentTa 14.87%, pirveli xuTi safexuris qulebi `ganaTlebas~ respondentTa mesamedze naklebma (32.23%) miakuTvna, xolo bolo xuTi safexuris qulebi 67.77%, maT Soris bolo sami safexurisa 27.31%. sul `ganaTlebas~ qulebia 532. `naTe Tesavs~ `naTesavs~ respondentTa naxevarze metma (52.78%) qula aTive safexurze miakuTvna. pirvel sam safexurze qulebis mimniWebel respindentTa raodenoba Tanabaria. sul pirveli sami safexuris mimniWebelTa xvedriTi wili 10.53%. pirveli xuTi safexuri mianiWa respondentTa 39.47%, xolo bolo xuTi safexuri _ 60.53%, maT Sorisaa bolo sami safexuri _ 25.44%. sul `naTesavma~ miiRo 506 qula.

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`mSobliurma liur `mSobliurma enam~ aTive safexurze qulebi respondentTa 49.54%-gan miiRo. umaRlesi safexuri mas mianiWa respondentTa 0.93%, meore safexuri _ 6.54%, mesame safexuri _ 14.01%. pirvel sam safexurze man respondentTa mexuTedze metisgan miiRo qula (21.48%), pirvel xuT safexurze ki _ 52.31%. bolo xuT safexurze mas qulebi mianiWa respondentTa 47.68%, maT Soris bolo sam safexurze 30.83%. `mSob liuri enis~ qulaTa raodenobam 566 Seadgina. `fuls~ qulebi aTive safexurze mianiWa respondentTa naxevarze naklebma. umaR les safexurze mas qula mianiWa _ 25.54%, meore safexurze _ 12.26%. sul pirvel sam safexurze man qulebi respondentTa 39.68%-sgan miiRo. pirvel xuT safexurze ki 57.6%. bolo xuT safexurze qulebi man respondentTa 43.4%sgan miiRo. bolo sam safexurze ki 28.3%. `fulis, rogorc Rirebulebis qulaTa raodenobam 643 Seadgina. `erovnul nulma kultu turam~ `erovnulma kulturam~ qulebi aTive safexurze respondentTa 44.90%-gan miiRo. umaR lesi safexuris Sesabamisi qulebi man miiRo rangis mimniWebel respondentTa 4.12%-gan. amdenive respondentma mas mianiWa meore safexuris qulebi. sul pirveli sami safexuris qulebi mas respondentTa 18.55% mi aniWa, xolo pirveli xuTi safexuris qulebi _ 48.45%. bolo xuTi safexuris qulebi man respondentTa naxevarze metisgan (51.54%) miiRo. sul `erovnulma kulturam~ miiRo 495 qula. aseTia 216 respondentis mier aTbaliani SkaliT Sefasebuli 24 Rirebulebidan 13 gadmocemulis daxasiaTeba. Cven sxva Rirebulebebi ar gadmoveciT. dainteresebul mkiTxvels saTanado informacia cxrilebSi SeuZlia ixilos. Rirebulebis dasaxelebisa da ran Jirebis aspeqtiT ganxilvam ufro srulad wamoaCina TiToeulis mniSvneloba. is saerTo, romelic yvelaze mniSvnelovani aTi Rirebulebis doneze miviReT ranJirebis doneze mxolod sami Rirebulebis SemTxvevaSi, (`samSob-

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lo~, `mravalSvilianoba~, `mecniereba~) darCa ucvleli. yvela sxva SemTxvevaSi Rirebulebebis adgili ierarqiaSi damsaxelebel respondentTa xvedriTi wiliT, rangis mimniWebel respondentTa xvedriTi wiliT da rangiT miRebuli qulebis (bali) xvedriTi wiliT Seicvala. amiT ufro ukeTesi SesaZlebloba miviReT TiToeuli Rirebulebis mniSvnelobis gaazrebisaTvis. ganxilulis Sedegad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom globalizaciis procesebma eleqtronuli informaciebiT ucxo, araqarTuli Rirebulebebis mozRvavebam student axalgazrdobaSi gaaZliera saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi ndoba da dadebiTi damokidebulebis Camoyalibeba. gamokvlevam gviCvena Cveni sazogadoebis cxovrebaSi Semdegi SesaZlo cvlilebebi da tendenciebi: 1. qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi student axalgaz rdobis gamorCeulad maRali ndoba, religiur msaxurebaSi da ritualebSi monawileoba da CarTuloba xels Seuwyobs qarTuli zneobrivi normebis, wesebisa da tradiciebisadmi dadebiTi damokidebulebis gaZlierebas, qarTuli yofis gan mtkicebasa da eTnikuri meobis SenarCunebas; 2. ojaxis Seqmnisa da qorwinebis formebisadmi damokidebuleba, agreTve pirovnuli da Tavisufali seqsualuri urTierTobis principebisadmi damokidebuleba axalgaz rdebis cxovrebaSi liberaluri damokidebulebis gaZlierebis mauwyebelia; 3. qarTvelebis yvelaze mniSvnelovani Rirebulebebis ierqarqia gviCvenebs, rom maintegrirebeli funqciis Sesrulebis maRali doniT isini SeiZleba oTx jgufad davyoT. erT jgufs Seadgenen Rirebulebebi (`ojaxi~, `sarwmunoeba~, `samSoblo~ da `megobroba~), romlebic gamaerTianeblebi arian gamokiTxulTa ori mesamedidan cxra meaTedamde nawilSi. meore jgufs qmnian Rirebulebebi (`fuli, `Tavisufleba~, `patiosneba~, `winaprebi~, `naTesavi~), romlebic maintegrire-

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bel rols asruleben gamokiTxulTa naxevarze metSi. mesame jgufSi arian Rirebulebebi, romlebic amave funqcias asruleben gamokiTxulTa 43-47%-Si. es Rirebulebebia: `ganaTleba~, `zneCveuleba~ da `mSobliuri ena~. meoTxe jgufi Seadgina Rirebulebebma (`iumori~, `qalis pativiscema~, `erovnuli kultura~), romlebic amave funqcias asruleben gamokiTxul Ta 35-38%-Si; 4.respondentTa mcire nawilis _ mexuTedze naklebis _ mier Rirebulebebis `kanoni~, `Sroma~ arCeva aucileblad Seaferxebs qarTul sazogadoebaSi kanonierebis damkvidrebas, ekonomikis ganviTarebas, xolo Rirebulebebis _ `xelovneba~, `mraval Svilianobisa~ da `mec nierebis~ aRmniSvnelTa simcire mxolod Sekvecili aRwarmoebis kidev ufro gaZlierebis, axali teqnologiebis damkvidrebis da qarTuli xelovnebis ganviTarebis xelisSemSleli faqtorad warmosdgeba.

cxrili 3 Rirebulebebis rangobrivi qulebi

1 2 sarwmunoeba 670 360 ojaxi samSoblo megobari Tavisufleba patios-neba naTesavi zneCveuleba ganaTleba fuli 390 315 310 459 20 170 160 40 70 10 27 18 171 36 81 81 3 168 264 168 120 112 168 32 _ 64 16 4 154 91 91 105 154 91 77 91 56 70 5 120 96 48 72 42 78 132 48 78 54 6 40 55 55 100 60 55 105 55 80 40 7 28 60 40 60 52 44 44 76 60 32 8 21 24 18 69 42 27 27 42 45 18 9 8 14 16 26 32 10 10 18 42 24 10 9 8 2 10 10 3 3 6 16 12

1578 1317 1207 6091 692 807 506 487 532 643

260 117

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winapari mSobliuri ena erovnu-li kultura qalis pativiscema garToba iumori Sroma kacTmoy_va reoba kanoni xelisufleba mezobeli mravalSvilianoba xelovneba mecniere-ba

20 10 40 _ 30 10 _ _ _ 20 _ _ 10 _

18 63 36 9 108 9 18 54 _ 9 _ _ _ _

96 120 80 _ 48 48 8 48 40 32 _ _ _ _

70 147 98 28 21 21 14 35 21 14 35 _ 7 _

54 72 90 30 24 36 _ 42 30 _ 18 16 12 18

70 55 50 55 40 25 25 45 26 20 _ 5 5 _

76 28 44 44 12 16 28 4 32 24 16 12 4 8

60 39 30 33 6 33 42 24 3 6 9 9 3 6

20 24 16 16 18 24 22 10 4 8 10 10 4 6

11 8 11 19 17 13 16 8 3 5 4 _ 3 1

495 566 495 234 321 235 173 270 159 138 92 52 48 39

cxrili 4 Rirebulebebis ganawileba rangis mimniWebelTa xvedriTi wiliTa da miRebuli qulebiT

rangis mimniWebel respondentTa xvedriTi ranJirebiT miRebuli qula

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sarwmunoeba ojaxi samSoblo megobari Tavisufleba patiosneba ganaTleba naTesavi zne-Cveuleba winapari mSobliri ena fuli erovnuli kultura qalis pativiscema garToba iumori Sroma kacTmoyvareoba kanoni xelisufleba mezobeli mravalSvilianoba xelovneba mecniereba

wili 93.60 85.65 74.54 59.26 58.79 56.02 56.02 52.78 51.85 50.46 49.54 49.07 44.91 31.94 29.63 28.70 26.85 25.46 14.81 13.89 11.11 9.26 5.55 5.09

1578 1317 1207 609 692 807 532 506 487 495 566 643 495 234 321 235 173 270 159 138 92 52 48 39

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cxrili 5 rangobrivad gamanawilebel respondentTa xvedriTi wili

Rirebuleba/rangi sarwmunoeba ojaxi samSoblo megobari Tavisufleba patiosneba naTesavi zneCveuleba ganaTleba fuli winapari mSobliuri ena erovnuli kultura qalis pativiscema garToba iumori Sroma kacTmoyvareoba kanoni xelisufleba mezobeli mravalSvilianoba xelovneba mecniereba _ 4.68 1.61 _ _ _ 6.86 _ _ 8.33 _ 1.45 18.75 1.61 3.44 10.9 _ 3.33 _ _ _ _ _ 9.37 9.67 1.72 10.9 15.62 13.33 _ _ _ _ 5.79 4.68 4.83 3.44 9.02 9.37 6.66 20.83 _ 8.33 _ 7.24 6.25 9.67 _ 12.72 15.62 _ 12.5 40 16.66 27.27 15.94 12.5 8.06 8.62 16.36 15.62 13.33 _ 5 8.33 _ 15.94 4.68 6.45 12.06 1.81 25 20 16.66 15 8.33 18.18 15.94 3.12 17.74 24.13 14.54 3.12 6.66 12.5 15 8.33 18.18 10.14 14.06 19.35 18.96 9.09 6.25 13.33 20.83 25 16.66 17.22 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31.94 29.62 62 26.85 25.46 14.81 13.9 11.11 9.26 5.55 5.99 1 32.68 21.08 19.25 1.56 13.38 13.22 3.51 6.25 0.82 25.54 1.83 0.93 4.12 2 19.51 18.91 31.67 2.34 1.57 15.70 3.51 8.03 7.44 12.26 1.83 6.54 4.12 3 10.24 17.84 13.04 11.72 11.02 17.35 3.51 _ 6.61 1.88 11 14.01 10.31 4 10.71 2.03 8.07 11.72 17.32 10.54 9.65 11.61 6.61 9.43 9.17 19.62 14.43 5 9.75 8.65 4.97 9.37 5.51 10.74 19.3 7.14 10.74 8.49 8.25 11.21 15.46 6 2.93 5.94 6.83 15.62 9.45 9.09 18.42 9.82 13.22 7.55 12.84 10.28 10.31 7 3.41 8.10 6.21 11.72 10.23 9.09 16.66 10.71 16.53 7.55 17.43 6.54 11.34 8 3.41 4.32 3.73 17.97 11.02 7.44 12.28 13.39 10.74 5.66 18.35 12.15 10.30 9 1.95 3.78 4.97 10.15 12.6 4.13 7.9 18.75 17.35 11.32 9.17 11.21 8.24 10 4.39 4.32 1.24 7.81 7.87 2.48 5.26 14.28 9.22 11.32 10.09 7.47 11.34 94.9 85.65 74.54 59.26 58.8 56.4 52.77 51.85 56.01 49.07 50.46 49.59 44.90

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