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ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻓ ﺕﺎﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺩﻮﻴﺣ
ﺫ.ﻝﺍﺰﻳﺰﻐﻟﺍ:
Diffraction des ondes ultrasonores
ﻁ ﺎ ﺸ ﻨ ﻲ ﺒ ﻴ ﺭ ﺠﺘ
ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺩﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ:
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ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻠﻝ ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﻹﺍ
•
ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻲﻁﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ(
ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺔﺤﺘﻔﺑ ﺩﻮﻴﺣ
a =0,8 cm :
ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭ :ﻕﻭﻓ ﺔﺠﻭﻤ ﺩﻭﻴﺤ لﻫ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﺎﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻁﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ؟ ﻁﻭﺭﺸ ﻱﺃ ﻕﻓﻭﻭ ، ﺔﻨﻴﺎﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺘﻭﺼ
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ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻌﻝﺍ:ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻨﻨ :ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﻨ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﺇ
ﻥﻭﻓﻭﺭﻜﻴﻤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ )لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻜ (ﺭﺒﻜﻤﻭ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ –ﻕﻭﺒ –)لﺴﺭﻤﻜ .(
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ﺔﻝﻭﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ: ﻩﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺩﻨ
C
ﺭﺍﺩﻘﻤﺒ
α = 5°α = 5°α = 5°α = 5°
ﻥﻭﺩﻨ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻬﻝ لﺒﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﺤﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺴﻭ ﺃﺭﻘﻨﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ)ﻪﺒﺘﺎﺠ ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺃ(
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ﺔﻨﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ
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لﻭﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ
U
m
= f (
αααα
)
أا ا
(V/div)
5
0 mV
ا)ا ا(
((((
µ µµ µ
s / div)
10
µ µµ µ
s
/ div
αααα
(°)0 5 10 15 20 25
U
m
(V)
120
120
100
100
90
90
•
لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍل ﻲﻨﺎﻴﺒﻤﻝﺍ
U
m
= f (
αααα
)
•
لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ:
ﺃ.
ﺯﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺨ ﻕﻁﺎﻨﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﺘ ﺔﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺔﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻅﺤﻼﻨ )ﻰﻓﻼﺘﺘ ﺔﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍﺯﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ( ﺏ .ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺩ ﺔﻤﻴﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺼﻗ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻴ ﺯﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺨ ﺔﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺴﻭ )ﺩﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺎﺨ :
ﺀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻁﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺠﻭﻤ ﺩﻭﻴﺤ لﻼﺨ ﻩﺎﻨﻅﺤﻻ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ .( ﺝ.ﺩﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻁﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻨﻝ :ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﺘ ﺔﺠﻭﻤ لﻭﻁ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ.
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ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ
T
ﻰﻨﺤﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ :
T
=
7,5/ 3 =
2,5 div
×
10
µ µµ µ
s = 25
µ µµ µ
s
•
ﺩﺩﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ:
f
f
=
=×=
−
102511
6
T
40 000 Hz
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