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 DRUG STUDIES
DRUGMECHANISMOF ACTIONINDICATION CONTRAINDICATIONADVERSEEFFECTNURSING CONSIDERATIONGENERIC NAME:
Biperiden HCl
BRAND NAME:
Akineton
CLASSIFICATION:
Antiparkinson Agent
ROUTE:
Oral
DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY:
2o mg ½ tab PO, OD &PRNIt is a tertiaryamineantimuscarinicwith central andperipheralactions. Itstimulates andthen depressesthe CNS, it alsohasantispasmodicactions onsmooth muscleand reducessecretions,especiallysalivary andbronchialsecretions.Adjunctivetreatment of allforms of 
Parkinson’s
Disease,including druginducedextrapyramidaleffects and acutedystonicreactions.
 
Hypersensitivity
 
Narrow angle glaucoma
 
Bowel obstruction
 
Megacolon
 
Tardive Dyskinesia
 
Dry eyes
 
Blurred vision
 
Constipation
 
Dry mouth
 
UrinaryRetention
 
Assess Parkinson andextrapyramidal symtoms(restlessness or desire to keepmoving, rigidity, tremors, pillrolling, masklike face, shufflinggait, muscle spasms, twistingmotions, difficulty speaking orswallowing, loss of balance control)prior to and throughout course of therapy.
 
Assess bowel function daily.Monitoring for constipation,abdominal pain, distention or theabsence of bowel sounds.
 
Monitor intake and output ratios andassess patient for urinary retention.
 
Advice patient to make positionchanges slowly to minimizeorthostatic hypotension.
 
 
Withhold drug and notify physicianor other health care provider if significant behavioral changesoccurs.
 
Administer with foods orimmediately after meals tominimize gastric irritation.
 
Advise patient to take medication asdirected.
 
Advise the patient that frequentmouth rinses, good oral hygiene andsugar less gum or candy maydecrease dry mouth.
 
Caution patient that this medicationdecreases perspiration.
 
Emphasize the importance of routine follow- up examinations.
 
DRUGMECHANISMOF ACTIONINDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATIONGENERIC NAME:
Clonazepam
BRAND NAME:
Klonopin
CLASSIFICATION:
Anticonvulsant
ROUTE:
Oral
DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY:
2mg ½ tab @ 4:55pmIt facilitatesGABAergictransmission inthe brain by adirect effect onbenzodiazepinereceptors.Prophylaxis forpetit mal, petit malvariant, akinetic,myoclonicseizures anduncontrolled legmovement duringsleep.
 
Hypersensitivity to thedrug or otherbenzodiazepines
 
Severe liver disease
 
Drowsiness
 
Ataxia
 
Behavioral changes
 
Observe and record intensity,duration and location of seizure activity.
 
Assess patient for drowsiness,unsteadiness and clumsiness.
 
Instruct patient to takemedication exactly asdirected.
 
Inform patient medicationmay cause drowsiness ordizziness.
 
Caution patient to avoidtaking alcohol or other CNSdepressant concurrently withthis medication.
 
Advise patient to notify thephysician, dentist or otherhealth care provider of medication regimen prior to
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