Điều khiển thiết bị bằng sms

n tt nghip
PHN A
GII THIU
-i-
B Gio Dc V o To Trng i Hc S Phm K Thut Thnh Ph H Ch Minh ----oo----
Cng Ha X Hi Ch Ngha Vit Nam c lp T Do Hnh Phc ----oo----
KHOA IN - IN T B MN IN T CNG NGHIP
NHIM V N TT NGHIP
H v tn Khoa Ngnh Lp Kha : Phm Vn Nam Nguyn Trng Kin : in - in t : K thut in in T : 04101 : 2004 2009 MSSV:04101101 MSSV:04101081
1. Tn ti: iu khin thit b trong nh t xa bng tin nhn SMS. 2. C s ban u: ............................................................................................................ .................. .. .. 3. Ni dung cc phn thuyt minh: ... ..................................................................................................................................... . . 4. Cc bn v:.. . . 5. Gio vin hng dn: TRN THU H 6. Ngy giao nhim v: 7. Ngy hon thnh nhim v: Thng qua b mn Ngy thng nm 2008 Gio vin hng dn Trn Thu H Ngy thng nm 2008 Ch nhim b mn
n tt nghip
LI M U
Ti nay, 62 nm sau khi bng bn dn c pht minh, linh kin nh b tng ng vi trng thi bt - tt ny thay i c th gii bng s c mt trong mi thit b in t hin i nh in thoi di ng, my tnh, my nghe nhc... Nhng my tnh in t u tin nh ENIAC dng cc ng chn khng, tng t nh bng n in, tnh ton. My tnh t trong mt phng ln v cn nhiu chuyn vin vn hnh. Ngy nay cng ngh ch to linh kin bn dn c nhng pht trin thc s bng n, m nt h tr cho s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin, v s t ng ha trong cng nghip Vi tch hp ngy cng cao, cng sut tiu tn b hn, thng minh hn, n lm thay i hn cu trc ca nn cng nghip hin ti. Chnh s pht trin vt bc ca cng ngh bn dn m nhng ng dng trit , khng ngng ca n v ca khoa hc k thut tin tin lm th gii ca chng ta v ang lm thay i th gii ca chng ta tng ngy theo hng hin i hn, vn minh hn ... S pht trin ca k thut in t to ra hng lot nhng thit b vi cc c im ni bt nh chnh xc cao, tc nhanh, gn nh. l nhng yu t rt cn thit gp phn cho hot ng ca con ngi t hiu qu cao. Chnh v l m ngy nay in t tr thnh mt ngnh khoa hc a nhim v, a chc nng. Cng ngh in t tr thnh mt lnh vc khng th thiu trong th gii hin i. in t v ang p ng nhng nhu cu, nhng i hi ngy cng cao v khng ngng t tt c cc lnh vc cng-nng-ng-nghip cho n nhng nhu cu thit yu i sng hng ngy ca con ngi. Mt trong nhng ng dng rt quan trng v kh c trng ca cng ngh in t l k thut t ng iu khin t xa. N gp phn rt ln trong vic iu khin cc thit b t xa, c ng dng rng ri trong cc lnh vc ca i sng. Cng ngh in t tr thnh mt khu mu cht trong trong h thng thng tin lin lc. Cc ng dng ca n trong h thng thng tin lin lc vo cc lnh vc vn ha, kinh t, khoa hc, c bit l khoa hc khng gian ngy cng ph bin rng ri v gi mt vai tr khng th thiu. Chnh v th m x hi loi ngi pht trin khng ngng. Thm vo l trong vi nm gn y, mng Internet pht trin mnh m do bi c nhiu nh cung cp dch v ra i, bn cnh my tnh ngy cng c cht lng c ci tin ng thi gi thnh va phi vi mi tng lp x hi to ra bc ngot quan trng trong lnh vc thng tin p ng nhu cu nhiu mt ca con ngi. Hin nay, do nhu cu s dng cc h thng, thit b t ng ca ngi dn ngy cng tng. ng thi, mng in thoi di ng pht trin rng khp v cc thit b in thoi di ng ngy cng c mc gi ph hp vi ngi dn. l nhng mt thun li ca vic hnh thnh tng iu khin cc thit b bng cch s dng cc tin nhn SMS. y l mt hnh thc iu khin thit b thun li, tit kim c nhiu thi gian cho vic iu khin thit b, va tit kim c chi ph lp t khi s dng.
- iii -
n tt nghip
Xut pht t tng v tnh hnh thc t nu trn, chng ti quyt nh chn ti IU KHIN THIT B T XA QUA TIN NHN SMS. ti ny c chia lm ba phn nh sau: Phn A: GII THIU TI. Phn B: NI DUNG CHNH CA TI. Phn C: PH LC.
- iv -
n tt nghip
LI CM T
Trn con ng hc vn ca mnh, ti nay chng em i qua bao chng ng t tiu hc, trung hc c s, trung hc ph thng v hin by gi l ging ng i hc. V c i qua mi chng ng nh vy th chng em li nh c ln hn, trng thnh hn c trong kin thc chuyn su ln trong suy ngh. Vi chng em th mi trng i hc S Phm K Thut vi qung thi gian di 5 nm tr thnh mt khong thi gian khng th no qun. ngi trng ny, chng em tip thu, hc tp c bit bao nhng kin thc chuyn mn trong lnh vc khoa hc k thut. Khng nhng th i hc S Phm K Thut cn l ni cho chng em ti luyn, rn gia ngn la tinh thn, lng say m khoa hc. Hn th na, tt c nhng iu s tr thnh hnh trang tt cho chng em, cho chng em thm vng bc trn con ng s nghip ca mnh. Chng em xin gi li chn thnh cm n ti mi ngi trng thn yu m chng em i qua. Chng em s nh mi v ghi lng tc d nhng cng lao to ln ca cc thy c du dt chng em t nhng bc i chp chng tr thnh mt ngi cng dn c ch cho x hi, cho t quc nh ngy hm nay. Knh li cm n khoa in t cng cc thy c ca Khoa ht sc c gng, nhit tnh truyn th cho chng em khng ch nhng kin thc chuyn mn qu bu trong lnh vc khoa hc cng ngh in t m cn l nhng kinh nghim s phm qu bu. Bn cnh cn to nhng iu kin ht sc thun li chng em c c mi trng, nhng iu kin hc tp tt nht. Chng em xin gi li cm n su sc ti c Trn Thu H. C trc tip hng dn, theo st, n cn ch bo chng em tng bc, kp thi mt cch nhit tnh t khi bt u n cho ti khi hon thnh n. Bn cnh , gia nh tr thnh ngun ng vin to ln v vt cht ln tnh thn khng th thiu gip chng em thm can m, t tin hon thnh n ny. Xin gi li bit n v vn ti cha, m lun ng h con trong sut thi gian lm n. Cui cng l li cm n chn thnh ti cc bn ng nghip c nhng gip kp thi, nhng ng gp kin tht lng trong sut thi gian lm n, gip cho n hon thin hn. Tp. H ch Minh_ thng nm 2008. Thay mt nhm thc hin Phm Vn Nam
-v-
n tt nghip
MC LC
Trang Phn A Gii thiu Li m u Li cm t Mc lc ..i Nhim v ti ii iii ...iv .vi .x .xi .1 2
Danh mc cc bng Danh mc cc hnh Phn B Ni dung Chng 1 Dn nhp
1.1. Gii thiu ti ...2 1.2. ngha khoa hc ca ti ....3 1.3. Mc ch nghin cu .3 1.4. Gii hn ti .....4 Chng 2 C s l lun .5 2.1. Tnh hnh nghin cu trong nc v ngoi nc ....5 2.1.1 Ngoi nc ..5 2.2.1 Trong nc ..7 2.2. tng thit k ..8 2.3. cng nghin cu chi tit ...8 2.4. Phng php nghin cu ..9 2.5. Phng tin nghin cu ..9 2.6. K hoch thc hin ..9 Chng 3 Truyn d liu v giao tip my tnh 3.1. Tng quan v tin nhn SMS 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 3.1.6 3.1.7 10 10
Gii thiu v SMS ..10 Cu trc mt tin nhn SMS ..10 Tin nhn SMS chui/tin nhn SMS di ...12 SMS centre/SMSC 13 Nhn tin SMS quc t ..13 SMS Gateway ...14 M ngun m v phn mm SMS gateway 17 ...17
- vi -
3.2. Tng quan v h thng truyn d liu
n tt nghip
3.2.1 Cu trc mt h thng thng tin 3.2.2 Phn loi cc h thng thng tin 3.2.2.1. 3.2.2.2. 3.2.2.3. 3.2.2.4. 3.2.2.5. 3.2.3.1. 3.2.3.2. 3.2.4.1. 3.2.4.2.
.17 19
Phn loi theo ng truyn 19 Phn loi theo tn hiu trn ng truyn .19 Phn loi theo s bit trn mt ng dy .19 Phn loi da vo xung nhp ng h Ck ca b pht v b thu..19 Phn loi theo chiu tn hiu trn ng truyn .19 19 S khi ..19 Hot ng ca h thng 21 21 Pht d liu ni tip Thu d liu ni tip ..22 ..22 .23 .23
3.2.3 Giao tip song song bt ng b
3.2.4 Giao tip ni tip bt ng b
3.3. K thut ghp ni v giao tip my tnh 3.3.1 Cng ni tip RS232 3.3.1.1 3.3.1.2 3.3.1.3 3.3.1.4 3.3.1.5 3.3.1.6 3.3.1.7 3.3.2.1 3.3.2.2 3.3.2.3 3.3.2.4 Chng 4 Thit k
Gii thiu .23 Cc loi kt ni 23 c tnh in .25 Cc phng php giao tip ..25 Th tc giao tip .27 Cc loi cp ..27 Th tc truyn nhn 29 Gii thiu 30 Ci t v s dng Driver cho USB Modem ..31 Kim tra Com Portname ..35 Kim tra nhng Mobile phone c h tr tp lnh AT 38 40 .40
3.3.2 Giao tip in thoi vi my tnh qua USB Modem .30
4.1. Phng n thit k ...40 4.2. S khi ton h thng v chc nng tng khi 4.3. S nguyn l phn cng h thng. 4.4. S nguyn l cc khi ca h thng .42 ..43
4.4.1 Khi x l trung tm ...43 4.4.2 Khi cm bin .63

- vii -
n tt nghip
4.4.3 Khi giao tip LCD v Keypad ..66 4.4.4 Khi cng sut 76 Chng 5 Xy dng phn mm iu khin 81 .84 5.1. Xy dng phn mm iu khin cho phn cng .81 5.2. Xy dng phn mm iu khin trn my tnh Chng 6 Thi cng 6.1. Thi cng phn cng Chng 7 Kt lun 90 ...90 ..94
6.2. Giao din phn mm trn my tnh
95
7.1. Tm tt ..95 7.2. Hng pht trin ti .97 Phn C Ph lc Ti liu tham kho 98 150 153 Hng dn s dng phn mm
- viii -
n tt nghip
DANH MC CC BNG
CHNG 3 Bng 1 Chc nng cc chn ca chun RS232 loi 9 chn v 25 chn. ..24 Bng 2 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232. Bng 3 Kt ni loi 25 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232. Bng 4 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 9 chn chun RS232. Bng 5 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232. CHNG 4 Bng 6 Chn xung cho ADECLARE. Bng 8 Thanh ghi h tr. Bng 9 Thanh ghi lin quan. 49 Bng 7 Bng lc chn cu hnh iu khin cho thanh ghi ADECLAREON1. .51 60 ..61 64 27 .27 ..28 .28
Bng 10 c tnh in ca cm bin LM35. Bng 11 c tnh in ca LCD. Bng 12 c tnh thi gian ca LCD.
68 69 70
Bng 13 Cc lnh iu khin hin th LCD.
- ix -
n tt nghip
DANH MC CC HNH
CHNG 2 Hnh 1 Cc thit b kt ni vi my tnh thng qua GSM modem. .6 Hnh 2 Kt ni cc thit b vi my tnh thng modem GSM. .6 Hnh 3 S khi iu khin cc thit b trong nh thng qua mng Internet. 7 CHNG 3 Hnh 4 Mt SMS gateway hot ng nh mt relay gia hai SMSC. gateway. .12 Hnh 5 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni cc SMSC khng cn SMS 12 Hnh 6 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni cc SMSC thng qua mt SMS gateway. .15 Hnh 7 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni mt nhm cc in thoi (hay cc modem thng qua SMS gateway). ..16 Hnh 8 S mt h thng thng tin. 17 Hnh 9 S kt ni thu pht d liu. 19 Hnh 10 Cu trc giao tip ni tip bt ng b .20 Hnh 11 Qu trnh thu nhn d liu ni tip bt ng b. ..21 Hnh 12 Hnh dng u kt ni hai loi cp 9 v 25 chn. .23 Hnh 13 Cu trc mt Frame d liu thng thng. ..25 CHNG 4 Hnh 14 S khi h thng iu khin thit b in bng tin nhn SMS. ....39 Hnh 15 S nguyn l h thng iu khin thit b in thng qua mng tin nhn SMS. 41 Hnh 16 S chn ca PIC 16F877A. ..43 Hnh 17 S kt ni PIC 16F877A. 44 Hnh 18 S khi bn trong ca PIC 16F877A. ..46 Hnh 19 Cu trc thanh ghi ADECLAREN0. ..49 Hnh 20 Cu trc thanh ghi ADELAREON1. Hnh 21 S thi gian ly mu. Hnh 22 S ng vo tng t. ..50 .52 ..53
-x-
n tt nghip
Hnh 23 S chu k Tad.
..53 ..55 .59
Hnh 24 Bng tng hp cc bit v thanh ghi lin quan. 54 Hnh 25 Cu to thanh ghi TXSTA. Hnh 27 S nhn d liu. Hnh 26 S b truyn d liu bt ng b UART. Hnh 28 S kt ni cm bin LM35 vi PIC. Hnh 29 S c tnh ca ng dng. Hnh 30 S chn kt ni.
61 ..62 63 65 ....66
63
Hnh 31 S kt ni vi iu khin PIC vi LCD v Keypad.
Hnh 32 Hnh dng thc t ca LCD YM1602C (mt trc v mt sau). Hnh 34 Cu trc theo s khi ca LCD Hnh 35 s chn ca IC Max232.
Hnh 33 S chn ca LCD trong thc t. .67 68 .71
Hnh 36 S cu to bn trong v kt ni bn ngoi cho Max232. .72 Hnh 37 S kt ni ca PIC vi thit b cng sut. ..75 Hnh 38 Hnh dng thc t, s mch in v k hiu l thuyt. 75 Hnh 39 c tuyn V-I ca Triac. ..76 Hnh 40 Cc dng ny ca Triac. ..77 Hnh 41 Mt ng dng ca Triac trong mch in. 77 Hnh 42 cu trc bn trong ca Opto Moc3020. 78 CHNG 6 Hnh 43 S b tr linh kin trn board mch. 89 Hnh 44 S chy dy linh kin ca mch trn lp TOP. Hnh 45 S chy dy linh kin trn lp BOTTOM. Hnh 46 Mch phn cng thi cng hon chnh. .90 .91
92
Hnh 47 Giao din iu khin, hin th ca phn mm trn my tnh. .93
- xi -
n tt nghip
PHN B
NI DUNG
GVHD_Trn Thu H
1 -
n tt nghip
Chng 1 Dn Nhp
CHNG 1
DN NHP
1.1. GII THIU TI Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca cc ngnh khoa hc k thut, cng ngh k thut in t m trong l k thut t ng iu khin ng vai tr quan trng trong mi lnh vc khoa hc k thut, qun l, cng nghip, cung cp thng tin ... Do l mt sinh vin chuyn ngnh in t, chng ta phi bit nm bt v vn dng n mt cch c hiu qu nhm gp phn vo s pht trin nn khoa hc k thut th gii ni chung v trong s pht trin k thut in t ni ring. Bn cnh cn l s thc y s pht trin ca nn kinh t nc nh. Qua nhng t i thc tp tt nghip ti nh my v tham quan thc t cc doanh nghip sn xut, chng ti c thy nhiu khu c t ng ha trong qu trnh sn xut. Thm vo , ngy nay h thng mng in thoi di ng v cc thit b in thoi di ng ngy cng c ph bin trong cuc sng. Cng vi l nhu cu cuc sng ngy cng tng. T hnh thnh, ny sinh mt tng v vic iu khin cc thit b t ng trong nh thng qua tin nhn SMS. Nh chng ta cng bit, gn nh cc thit b t ng trong nh my, trong i sng ca cc gia nh ngy nay u hot ng c lp vi nhau, mi thit b c mt quy trnh s dng khc nhau tu thuc vo s thit lp, ci t ca ngi s dng. Chng cha c mt s lin kt no vi nhau v mt d liu. Nhng i vi h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS th li khc. y, cc thit b iu khin t ng c kt ni vi nhau thnh mt h thng hon chnh qua mt mt thit b trung tm v c th giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu. in hnh ca mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS gm c cc thit b n gin nh bng n, qut my, l si n cc thit b tinh vi, phc tp nh tivi, my git, h thng bo ng N hot ng nh mt ngi nh thng minh. Ngha l tt c cc thit b ny c th giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu thng qua mt u no trung tm. u no trung tm y c th l mt my vi tnh hon chnh hoc c th l mt b x l c lp trnh sn tt c cc chng trnh iu khin. Bnh thng, cc thit b trong ngi nh ny c th c iu khin t xa thng qua cc tin nhn ca ch nh. Chng hn nh vic tt qut, n in khi ngi ch nh qun cha tt trc khi ra khi nh. Hay ch vi mt tin nhn SMS, ngi ch nh c th bt my iu ha lm mt phng trc khi ch nh trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Cn khi c chuyn g sy ra ra i vi ngi nh mang tnh khn cp nh chy chng hn. Lc ny, ngi nh s t ng pht hin ra ha hon nh vo cc cm bin th lp tc d liu s c gi n h thng iu khin trung tm. Khi h thng trung tm x l xong d liu th n s lp tc ra lnh iu khin
GVHD_Trn Thu H 2 -
n tt nghip
Chng 1 Dn Nhp
ng tt c cc ng ng dn kh, tt ht cc thit b ang hot ng trong ngi nh ny v bo ng gi tin nhn cho ngi ch nh v c th t ng gi in bo cho lc lng phng chy cha chy. Ngoi ra, h thng cn mang tnh bo mt. Ngha l ch c ch nh hay ngi bit mt khu ca ngi nh th mi iu khin c ngi nh ny. T nhng yu cu thc t, nhng i hi ngy cng cao ca cuc sng, cng vi s hp tc, pht trin mnh m ca mng di ng nn chng ti chn ti " iu khin thit b trong nh t xa qua tin nhn SMS " p ng c nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi v gp phn vo s tin b, vn minh, hin i ca nc nh. 1.2. NGHA KHOA HC CA TI Ngy nay cng vi s tin b ca khoa hc k thut, cc thit b in t ra i ngy cng nhiu v chng loi cng nh tnh nng s dng. Bn cnh nhu cu s dng cc thit b mt cch t ng ngy cng cao, con ngi ngy cng mun c nhiu thit b gii tr cng nh cc thit b sinh hot vi k thut v cng ngh ngy cng cao. C th Vit nam cha pht trin mnh m trong lnh ny nhng hin nay trn th gii, nht l cc quc gia thuc Chu u hay M th m hnh ngi nh t ng c iu khin t xa pht trin rt mnh m. Chng c bit n nh ngi nh thng minh ni ting ca Bill Gate chng hn. Vi s kt hp cht ch gia cc thit b in t tinh vi v phn mm xy dng tng ng, Bill Gate xy dng c m hnh ngi nh thng minh, t ng hon ton v cn cho php iu khin t xa thng qua mt b iu khin trung tm. T nhng nhu cu thc t , ngi thc hin mun a mt phn nhng k thut hin i ca th gii p dng vo iu kin thc t trong nc c th to ra mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi. ti ly c s l tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Bn cnh , cc thit b ny cng c th c iu khin ti nh thng qua giao din phn mm xy dng. Vic s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b c thun li l tit kim chi ph, mang tnh cnh tranh v c ng cao (ngha l ch no c ph sng mng in thoi di ng ta cng c th iu khin thit b c). Ngoi ra, sn phm ca ti ny c tnh m, c th p dng cho nhiu i tng khc nhau trong dn dng cng nh trong cng nghip. 1.3. MC CH NGHIN CU n c nghin cu, kho st v thc hin vi mc ch p dng nhng kin thc c hc trong nh trng thit k, to ra mt h thng iu khin t ng t xa bng tin nhn SMS hon chnh. H thng tch hp module iu khin gim st (c c camera), module o nhit v module cng sut cho cho cc thit b trong nh cng cc module tin ch khc. Vi module o nhit th cm bin nhit s gi thng tin d liu v b x l trung tm. Qua x l, nhit s c cp nht lin tc
GVHD_Trn Thu H 3 -
n tt nghip
Chng 1 Dn Nhp
trn giao din phn mm xy dng theo biu thi gian mt cch trc quan. Module iu khin gim st, bn cnh cc chc nng iu khin c bn th n cn lin tc cp nht hnh nh bn trong ca ngi nh ti ngi ch (tc trn in thoi di ng ca ngi ch nh). V mt khi c ha hon sy ra th n s t ng thi hnh cc thao tc cn thit c lp trnh sn bo v ngi nh. 1.4. GII HN TI thc thi mt h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS p dng cho mt ngi nh hon chnh nh ni trn l rt phc tp v rt tn km. p ng vic iu khin ton b cc thit b ny i hi phi c mt lng thi gian, kin thc nht nh. Bn cnh cn l vn ti chnh. Vi lng thi gian v kin thc c hn, trong ti ny nhm thc hin ch thc thi mt phn ca h thng hon chnh . l iu khin ng m n, o v hin th nhit phng theo thi gian c hin th trn phn mm ng dng. Ngoi ra cn c chc nng bo chy khi sy ra ha hon. Vi nhng g trnh by trn, nhm tin hnh nghin cu, kho st v thc hin v d kin t c cc mc tiu t ra nh sau: iu khin cc thit b trong nh (c th l iu khin hai thit b cng sut trung bnh) bng tin nhn SMS ti v tr c ph sng ca mng in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong nc nh Viettel, Mobile Phone, Vina Phone Hin th trng thi cc thit b, o v cp nht nhit lin tc theo biu thi gian trn giao din mn hnh phn mm xy dng. T ng gi tin nhn ngc tr li cho ch nh, vi ni dung tin nhn cha thng tin hot ng ca cc thit b in v nhit ca ngi nh (nu nh ngi s dng c la chn chc nng ny). Ngoi ra, h thng cn c chc nng t ng bo chy bng cch gi mt tin nhn SMS ti ngi ch. Xy dng giao din phn mm n gin, d s dng c iu khin trn my tnh vi giao din bng hai ngn ng la chn ting Anh hoc ting Vit.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
4 -
n tt nghip
Chng 2 C S L Lun
CHNG 2
C S L LUN
2.1. TNH HNH NGHIN CU NGOI NC V TRONG NC 2.1.1 NGOI NC Hin nay trn th gii, vic s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b t xa khng cn vn mi m na v c nghin cu v p dng vo thc t trong cc nh my x nghip. K thut ny c ra i vo cui thng 8/2000, khi c n 6.3 triu GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) c s dng ti South Africa. Theo thng k th tng s ngi dng GSM vo nm 2005 c d on l 11 triu ngi ch tnh ring South Africa. Hin ti c 49 mng GSM ti Africa vi s pht trin gh ghm hn na trong tng lai. K thut GSM c kh nng truyn tin wireless vi phm vi rt rng ln v m bo tin cy cao. Chnh v vy, ngi dng c th gi tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b t xa mang li hiu qu cao. Ngi dng ch cn s dng in thoi di ng ca mnh (bt c loi hoc thng hiu) theo di v kim sot nhng ng dng trong cng nghip v nng nghip. Nhng h thng c iu hin bi SMS (SMS Control Systems) th ch cn iu khin thng qua vic gi nhn tin nhn SMS. iu ny c ngha l vic iu khin c phm vi rt xa. H thng iu khin bng tin nhn SMS c thit k iu khin nhng thit b v ng dng : My mc nh xng. H thng x l nc thi. Nng nghip thy li. L si, p lnh, my iu ha.
Chng ta s nu ra mt m hnh s dng tin nhn SMS trong vic iu khin trong t ng ha ca Cng Ty KlinkMann. GSM-Control l phn mm trn Window c s dng bng 2 phng php iu khin t xa trong t ng ha v nhng ng dng khc s dng chun GSMModem, phone, network. Da trn chun GSM-Modem v nhng thit b c tnh nng GSM, GSM-Control cho php ta to ra mt mng iu khin khng dy v gim st ng dng m gi thp nht v d dng vn chuyn. Tt c vic iu khin u thng qua SMS vi tin cy cao.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
5 -
n tt nghip
Chng 2 C S L Lun
Hnh 48 Cc thit b kt ni vi my tnh thng qua GSM modem Cng vic chnh ca GSM-Control l lm cu ni giao tip gia GSM (dng tin nhn SMS gi nhn tn hiu iu khin) vi Window. Bng cch s dng tin nhn SMS vi Phone trn tay lm HMI (giao din giao tip vi ngi) iu khin PLC, truy cp d liu DDE/OPC/SQL iu khin cc phn mm nh Excel/Scada. Sau khi nhn tn hiu iu khin th chng s gi tr li tin nhn SMS bo tnh trng cho ngi dng
Hnh 49 Kt ni cc thit b vi my tnh thng modem GSM

GVHD_Trn Thu H 6 -
n tt nghip
Chng 2 C S L Lun
2.1.2 TRONG NC phm vi trong nc, trc khi thc hin ti ny th vn cha c nhm nghin cu no thc hin, tin hnh nghin cu y v mt h thng iu khin thit b in bng tin nhn SMS. Tuy nhin, vn c nhng nghin cu pht trin, ng dng lm nn tng cho ti ny c thc hin. Chng hn nh ti nghin cu: iu khin cc thit b in trong nh thng qua mng internet ca tc gi Trn Ngc Minh v L Anh Ti, sinh vin trng H S Phm K Thut kha 2000-2005. Trong ti ny, hai tc gi Trn Ngc Minh v L Anh Ti s dng yu t chnh l mng Internet iu khin cc thit b in, in t trong nh chng hn nh iu khin, gim st v cho hin th c hnh nh thng qua camera v cc tnh nng khc. Tc gi nghin cu v cho i vo cc ng dng nh: tm hiu cc vn v internet, cc giao thc truyn thng, giao tip, dch v t pha my ch. H thng thit k giao din iu khin trn my ch (sever) v trang web iu khin trn my khch (client). Giao din gm c nhiu ca s, c xy dng tng ng vi tng phn cng v bao gm cc tinh nng iu khin thit lp. Ngn ng Java v HTML c la chn trong thit k v iu khin. H thng c chiu di bus truyn dn tn hiu khng qu 1200m. H thng c s khi nh hnh sau.
Hnh 50 S khi iu khin cc thit b trong nh thng qua mng Internet
GVHD_Trn Thu H
7 -
n tt nghip
Chng 2 C S L Lun
Vi h thng nh trn, tc gi khai thc, ng dng rt tt s pht trin ca mng internet vo trong thc t. Song, theo kin ch quan th ti ny vn cn mt s thiu st cn khc phc chng hn nh: h thng trn ch ng dng cho nhng a im, v tr no c gn mng internet v trong qu trnh thc thi h thng th ngoi vic giao din phn mm xy dng hot ng n nh th phi lun m bo c sp mng sy ra bt ng. Nu h thng khng duy tr c nhng yu t trn th s khng thc thi c qu trnh iu khin thit b in trong nh. Bn cnh ti nu trn cn c mt s ti khc cp n vn iu khin thit b t xa khc. Nhng vn cha c ti no s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Tuy nhin, cc ti i trc to nn tng cho vic pht trin tng iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS. Tm li, vic nghin cu s dng tin nhn SMS hin nay ti Vit Nam ang cn rt mi m v cha i vo thc tin ng dng nhiu. Hu ht cc nghin cu u l nghin cu t pht ca c nhn nhng ngi hay nhm ngi mun tm hiu v cng ngh ny, vn cha phi l mt hot ng nghin cu mang tnh chuyn nghip c th a vo ng dng. Mc d vy vic nghin cu vn c nhng nhen nhm khi tp on in lc EVN s dng cng ngh nhn tin SMS iu khin my ct thng qua Modem in thoi ca h. c tnh 35 triu thu bao di ng Vit Nam nm 2008. Dch v v SMS cng bt u tng ln ng k. iu ny l mt li th cho vic nghin cu v pht trin cc ng dng trong iu khin t ng ha 2.2. TNG THIT K: Dng mng in thoi di ng ca cc nh cung cp dch v nh Viettel, Mobi, Vina, S-Fone gi tin nhn SMS iu khin cc thit b v c th nhn p ng li t cc thit b cho bit tnh trng hot ng ca cc thit b. 2.3. CNG NGHIN CU CHI TIT ti ny c thc hin gm 3 phn: Phn A: GII THIU, gii thiu mt cch khi qut v ti. Phn B: NI DUNG, gm 7 chng. Chng 1: Dn nhp, nu ln nhng vn hin nay c lin quan n ti, tm quan trng ca vn v hng gii quyt vn . Chng 2: C s l lun, trnh by tng qut cng nghin cu, cc phng php, cch thc nghin cu v k hoch thc hin ti. Chng 3: Truyn d liu v giao tip my tnh, gii thiu tng qut h thng truyn d liu v cc k thut ghp ni v giao tip my tnh. Chng 4: Thit k .
GVHD_Trn Thu H
8 -
n tt nghip
Chng 2 C S L Lun
Chng 5: Xy dng phn mm iu khin, gii thut v cc chng trnh iu khin. Chng 6 : Thi cng. Chng 7: Kt lun. Phn C: PH LC. 2.4. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU Trong ti ny ngi thc hin s dng cc phng php nghin cu: - Phng php tham kho ti liu: bng cch thu thp thng tin t sch, tp ch v in t v truy cp t mng internet. - Phng php quan st: kho st mt s mch in thc t ang c trn th trng v tham kho thm mt s dng mch t mng Internet. - Phng php thc nghim: t nhng tng v kin thc vn c ca mnh kt hp vi s hng dn ca gio vin, ngi thc hin lp rp th nghim nhiu dng mch khc nhau t chn lc nhng mch in ti u. 2.5. PHNG TIN NGHIN CU Vi ti ny, ngi thc hin da vo sch gio khoa v nhng kin thc c trang b trong qu trnh hc tp cng vi s tr gip ca my tnh v nhng thng tin trn mng. Ngoi ra, cn c nhng thit b tr gip trong qu trnh thit k mch do ngi thc hin t trang b. 2.6. K HOCH THC HIN - Tun 1 : Chn ti, chnh xc ha ti, thu thp thng tin v tm kim ti liu c lin quan. - Tun 2 : Tm ra thut gii gii quyt vn . - Tun 3 : Kim tra thc t bng vic rp th. - Tun 4 : Thi cng. - Tun 5 : nh my, in n. - Tun 6 : Kim tra v hon thin ti.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
9 -
n tt nghip
Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh
CHNG 3
TRUYN D LIU V GIAO TIP MY TNH

3.1. TNG QUT V TIN NHN SMS 3.1.1 GII THIU V SMS SMS l t vit tt ca Short Message Service. l mt cng ngh cho php gi v nhn cc tn nhn gia cc in thoi vi nhau. SMS xut hin u tin Chu u vo nm 1992. thi im , n bao gm c cc chun v GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). Mt thi gian sau , n pht trin sang cng ngh wireless nh CDMA v TDMA. Cc chun GSM v SMS c ngun gc pht trin bi ETSI. ETSI l ch vit tt ca European Telecommunications Standards Institute. Ngy nay th 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) ang gi vai tr kim sot v s pht trin v duy tr cc chun GSM v SMS. Nh ni trn v tn y ca SMS l Short Message Service, t cm t , c th thy c l d liu c th c lu gi bi mt tin nhn SMS l rt gii hn. Mt tin nhn SMS c th cha ti a l 140 byte (1120 bit) d liu. V vy, mt tin nhn SMS ch c th cha : + 160 k t nu nh m ha k t 7 bit c s dng (m ha k t 7 bit th ph hp vi m ha cc l t latin chng hn nh cc l t alphabet ca ting Anh). + 70 k t nu nh m ha k t 16 bit Unicode UCS2 c s dng (cc tin nhn SMS khng cha cc k t latin nh k t ch Trung Quc phi s dng m ha k t 16 bit). Tin nhn SMS dng text h tr nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. N c th hot ng tt vi nhiu ngn ng m c h tr m Unicode , bao gm c Arabic, Trung Quc, Nht bn v Hn Quc. Bn cnh gi tin nhn dng text th tin nhn SMS cn c th mang cc d liu dng binary. N cn cho php gi nhc chung, hnh nh cng nhiu tin ch khc ti mt in thoi khc. Mt trong nhng u im ni tri ca SMS l n c h tr bi cc in thoi c s dng GSM hon ton. Hu ht tt c cc tin ch cng thm gm c dch v gi tin nhn gi r c cung cp, s dng thng qua sng mang wireless. Khng ging nh SMS, cc cng ngh mobile nh WAP v mobile Java th khng c h tr trn nhiu model in thoi. S dng tin nhn SMS ngy cng pht trin v tr ln rng khp : Cc tin nhn SMS c th c gi v c ti bt k thi im no.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
10 -
n tt nghip
Ngy nay, hu ht mi ngi u c in thoi di ng ca ring mnh v mang n theo ngi hu nh c ngy. Vi mt in thoi di ng , bn c th gi v c cc tin nhn SMS bt c lc no bn mun, s khng gp kh khn g khi bn ang trong vn phng hay trn xe bus hay nh Tin nhn SMS c th c gi ti cc in thoi m tt ngun. Nu nh khng chc cho mt cuc gi no th bn c th gi mt tin nhn SMS n bn ca bn thm ch khi ngi tt ngun my in thoi trong lc bn gi tin nhn . H thng SMS ca mng in thoi s lu tr tin nhn ri sau gi n ti ngi bn khi in thoi ca ngi bn ny m ngun. Cc tin nhn SMS t gy phin phc trong khi bn vn c th gi lin lc vi ngi khc Vic c v vit cc tin nhn SMS khng gy ra n o. Trong khi , bn phi chy ra ngoi khi rp ht, th vin hay mt ni no thc hin mt cuc in thoi hay tr li mt cuc gi. Bn khng cn phi lm nh vy nu nh tin nhn SMS c s dng. Cc in thoi di ng v chng c th c thay i gia cc sng mang Wireless khc nhau. Tin nhn SMS l mt cng ngh rt thnh cng v trng thnh. Tt c cc in thoi mobile ngy nay u c h tr n. Bn khng ch c th trao i cc tin nhn SMS i vi ngi s dng mobile cng mt nh cung cp dch v mng sng mang wireless, m ng thi bn cng c th trao i n vi ngi s dng khc cc nh cung cp dch v khc. SMS l mt cng ngh ph hp vi cc ng dng Wireless s dng cng vi n. Ni nh vy l do: Th nht, tin nhn SMS c h tr 100% bi cc in thoi c s dng cng ngh GSM. Xy dng cc ng dng wireless trn nn cng ngh SMS c th pht huy ti a nhng ng dng c th dnh cho ngi s dng. Th hai, cc tin nhn SMS cn tng thch vi vic mang cc d liu binary bn cnh gi cc text. N c th c s dng gi nhc chung, hnh nh, hot ha Th ba, tin nhn SMS h tr vic tri tr cc dch v trc tuyn. Ngha l n cho php thc hin vic chi tr cc dch v trc tuyn mt cch thun li. V d nh, bn mun pht trin mt ng dng download nhc chung mang tnh thng mi v thu ph s dng t ngi s dng cho mi ln download nhc chung . Mt cch rt thun li thc thi ng dng ny l s dng mt s in thoi t nh cung cp mng c kh nng tri tr ngc li ti tin ch ny thng qua vic s dng mt sng
GVHD_Trn Thu H 11 -
n tt nghip
mang wireless. V c th ti nhc chung ny ngi s dng phi son mt tin nhn c ni dng cng nh cu trc tin nhn c qui nh bi nh cung cp dch v v gi tin nhn ny ti mt s in thoi c tch hp sn chc nng tri tr trc tuyn m ngi pht trin ng dng xy dng. ng dng SMS m bn s dng sau s gi tr li cho bn mt hay nhiu tin nhn SMS c km theo c nhch chung (chng hn ) v thng bo chi ph phi tr cho vic s dng ng dng . Chi ph ny s gm c chi ph s dng dch v hng thng ca in thoi di ng ny hay l c khu tr t th card dng di ng ca bn. N ty thuc vo tha thun gia bn v ngi pht trin ng dng . 3.1.2 CU TRC MT TIN NHN SMS Ni dung ca mt tin nhn SMS khi c gi i s c chia lm 5 phn nh sau :
Instructions to air interface : ch th d liu kt ni vi air interface (giao din khng kh) . Instructions to SMSC :ch th d liu kt ni vi trung tm tin nhn SMSC (short message service centre). Instructions to handset : ch th d liu kt ni bt tay. Instructions to SIM (optional) :ch th d liu kt ni, nhn bit SIM (Subscriber Identity Modules). Message body : ni dung tin nhn SMS.
3.1.3 TIN NHN SMS CHUI/TIN NHN SMS DI Mt trong nhng tr ngi ca cng ngh SMS l tin nhn SMS ch c th mang mt lng gii hn cc d liu. khc phc tr ngi ny, mt m rng ca n gi l SMS chui (hay SMS di) ra i. Mt tin nhn SMS dng text di c th cha nhiu hn 160 k t theo chun dng trong ting Anh. C cu hot ng c bn SMS chui lm vic nh sau: in thoi di ng ca ngi gi s chia tin nhn di ra thnh nhiu phn nh v sau gi cc phn nh ny nh mt tin nhn SMS n. Khi cc tin nhn SMS ny c gi ti ch hon ton th n s c kt hp li vi nhau trn my di ng ca ngi nhn.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
12 -
n tt nghip
Kh khn ca SMS chui l n t c h tr nhiu so vi SMS cc thit b c s dng sng wireless. 3.1.4 SMS CENTRE/SMSC Mt SMS Center (SMSC) l ni chu trch nhim lun chuyn cc hot ng lin quan ti SMS ca mt mng wireless. Khi mt tin nhn SMS c gi i t mt in thoi di ng th trc tin n s c gi ti mt trung tm SMS. Sau , trung tm SMS ny s chuyn tin nhn ny ti ch (ngi nhn). Mt tin nhn SMS c th phi i qua nhiu hn mt thc th mng (netwok) (chng hn nh SMSC v SMS gateway) trc khi i ti ch thc s ca n. Nhim v duy nht ca mt SMSC l lun chuyn cc tin nhn SMS v iu chnh qu trnh ny cho ng vi chu trnh ca n. Nu nh my in thoi ca ngi nhn khng trng thi nhn (bt ngun) trong lc gi th SMSC s lu tr tin nhn ny. V khi my in thoi ca ngi nhn m ngun th n s gi tin nhn ny ti ngi nhn. Thng th mt SMSC s hat ng mt cch chuyn dng chuyn lu thng SMS ca mt mng wireless. H thng vn hnh mng lun lun qun l SMSC ca ring n v v tr ca chng bn trong h thng mng wireless. Tuy nhin h thng vn hnh mng s s dng mt SMSC th ba c v tr bn ngoi ca h thng mng wireless. Bn phi bit a ch SMSC ca h thng vn hnh mng wireless s dng, tinh chnh chc nng tin nhn SMS trn in thoi ca bn. in hnh mt a ch SMSC l mt s in thoi thng thng hnh thc, khun mu quc t. Mt in thoi nn c mt thc n chn la cu hnh a ch SMSC. Thng thng th a ch c iu chnh li trong th SIM bi h thng mng wireless. iu ny c ngha l bn khng cn phi lm bt c thay i no vi c. 3.1.5 NHN TIN SMS QUC T Cc tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh c chia ra lm hai hng mc gm tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh cc b v tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh quc t vi nhau. Tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh cc b l tin nhn m c gi gia cc nh iu hnh trog cng mt quc gia cn tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh quc t l tin nhn SMS c gi gia cc nh iu hnh mng wireless nhng quc gia khc nhau. Thng th chi ph gi mt tin nhn SMS quc t th cao hn so vi gi trong nc. V chi ph gi tin nhn trong ni mng th t hn so vi gi cho mng khc trong cng mt quc gia <= chi ph cho vic gi tin nhn SMS quc t. Kh nng kt hp ca tin nhn SMS gia hai mng wireless cc b hay thm ch l quc t l mt nhn t chnh gp phn ti s pht trin mnh m ca h thng SMS ton cu.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 13 -
n tt nghip
3.1.6 SMS GATEWAY Mt kh khn ca tin nhn SMS l cc SMSC c pht trin, xy dng bi cc cng ty s dng giao thc truyn thng ring ca h v hu ht cc giao thc ny u thuc quyn s hu. Chng hn nh Nokia c mt SMSC protocol c gi l CIMD nhng mt nh iu hnh nh CMG li c SMSC protocol c gi l EMI. Chng ta khng th kt ni hai SMSC nu nh chng khng c h tr giao thc SMSC chung. gii quyt kh khn ny, mt SMS gateway c t gia hai SMSC ra i. Gateway ny s c minh ha hnh di. SMS gateway hot ng nh mt relay gia hai SMSC. N chuyn i thng tin d liu t mt SMSC protocol SMS sang mt SMSC protocol khc. Gii php ny c s dng cho hai sng mang wireless khc nhau kt ni lin thng gia cc SMSC, Nh th cc tin nhn SMS t cc nh cung cp mng khc nhau c th gi cho nhau m khng gp tr ngi no.
Hnh 51 Mt SMS gateway hot ng nh mt relay gia hai SMSC Bn cnh cc sng mang wireless, cc nh cung cp v nhng ngi pht trin cc ng dng SMS cn c th pht trin mt SMS gateway hu ch. Chng ta s xem xt tnh hung sau. Gi s bn l nh pht trin mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text. gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS trn sever ca bn, mt gii php l kt ni cc SMSC ca cc sng mang wireless. Cc sng mang wireless khc nhau c th c s dng SMSC t cc nh cung cp dch v khc nhau. iu c ngha l ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text ca bn cn c h tr SMSC a dng- cc protocol chuyn dng. (iu ny c m t trong hnh di). V kt qu l thi gian pht trin v phc tp ca cc ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text tng.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
14 -
n tt nghip
Hnh 52 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni cc SMSC khng cn SMS gateway. gii quyt kh khn trn mt SMS gateway c thit lp thc thi cc kt ni SMSC vi nhau. Ngy nay, cc ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text ch cn bit lm nh th no kt ni vi SMS gateway. h tr cho cc SMSC nhiu hn na, bn ch cn tinh chnh cc thit lp ci t cho SMS gateway v khng cn phi thay i m ngun ca ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text . Nh th vic s dng SMS gateway c th rt ngn thi gian ca s pht trin cc ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text. kt ni mt SMS gateway, chng ta phi s dng mt SMSC protocol chng hn nh SMPP v CIMD. Mt vi SMS gateway cn h tr giao din HTTP/HTPS. HTTP/HTPS th s dng d hn so vi SMSC protocol. V kh khn y l n khng c nhiu chc nng h tr SMS. Chng hn nh mt SMS gateway th khng h tr vic gi cc tin nhn c ni dung cha bc nh thng qua giao din HTTP/HTTPS.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
15 -
n tt nghip
Hnh 53 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni cc SMSC thng qua mt SMS gateway. Bn cnh vic s dng kt ni trc tip ti SMSC ca mt sng mang wireless. C mt cch khc gi v nhn tin nhn SMS dng text trn my tnh l s dng mt in thoi di ng hay mt modem GSM/GPRS. lm c chc nng ny th ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text phi kt ni, giao tip c vi in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS bng cch s dng cc lnh AT command. Mt vi SMS gateway c tng thch vi giao tip kt ni ca in thoi di ng hay moidem GSM/GPRS. gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS dng text t mt in thoi di ng hay mt GSM/GPRS modem th ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text th ng dng tin nhn SMS ch cn bit cch giao tip vi SMS gateway v khng cn phi bit v lnh AT command.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
16 -
n tt nghip
Hnh 54 Mt ng dng tin nhn SMS dng text kt ni mt nhm cc in thoi (hay cc modem thng qua SMS gateway). 3.1.7 M NGUN M V PHN MM SMS GATEWAY Nh ni trn th mt SMS gateway c nhiu chc nng rt trong h thng tin nhn SMS. V vy, phn mm dnh cho SMS gateway c th rt phc tp v phn mm kh phc tp ny th thng rt t. May mn l c mt gi phn mm SMS gateway m ngun m c th c dowload min ph t web. Gi phn mm SMS gateway min ph cht lng cao ny chnh l Kannel, n c vit bng ngn ng C. Kannel c th giao tip kt ni vi cc SMSC, in thoi di ng v cc GSM/GPRS modem. N c giao din HTTP/HTTPS dnh cho vic gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS. 3.2. TNG QUT H THNG TRUYN D LIU Khng ging vi vic truyn thng tin bng cch pht v thu tn hiu tng t nh m thanh v hnh nh, vic truyn d liu c thc hin bng cch pht tun t (lin tip) cc m nh phn ln ng truyn. Cc m ny c to ra, lu tr v x l bi cc my tnh v cc ngoi vi. ng truyn dng truyn d liu l cc ng truyn s (digital) ngha l tn hiu ch c th mt trong hai trng thi khc bit c biu th bng mc logic 0 hoc 1. Trong khi tn hiu tng t c th chim mt trng thi bt k trn mt di lin tc. 3.2.1 Cu trc mt h thng thng tin S lc cc khi trong h thng:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
17 -
n tt nghip
Hnh 55 S mt h thng thng tin Ngun tn hiu: L tn hiu cn truyn i, c th l tn hiu khng in hoc tn hiu in. Do vy, cn phi c mt b chuyn i cc tn hiu khng in thnh tn hiu in trc khi a ln ng truyn. Thng thng dng cc cm bin d ly tn hiu ny v thc hin qu trnh chuyn i thnh tn hiu in. Khi truyn tin: Nhn tn hiu in t ngun tn hiu a n sau thc hin s bin i cho ph hp vi ng truyn trc khi pht ln . Khi ny thng gm: mch iu ch tn hiu, mt b dn knh, b pht tn hiu. ng truyn: C nhiu dng nh ng truyn hu tuyn, v tuyn, tng t, s Bn cht ca ng truyn c nh hng rt nhiu khi khc trong s . Khi nhn tin: Nhn ly tn hiu t ng truyn gi xung v thc hin vic chuyn i nhm ly li thng tin ban u. Khi nhn tin thng gm: mt b gii iu ch tn hiu (tch sng mang), mt b phn knh tn hiu. C cu chp hnh: Nhn tn hiu t khi nhn tin a n sau bin i i lng in u vo thnh i lng ng dng vi i lng vo ca ngun tn hiu. C cu chp hnh c th l mt mn hnh hin th hoc loa, rle d ng ngt thit b
GVHD_Trn Thu H 18 -
n tt nghip
3.2.2 Phn loi cc h thng thng tin 3.2.2.1. Phn loi theo ng truyn - ng truyn hu tuyn. - ng truyn v tuyn. 3.2.2.2. Phn loi theo tn hiu trn ng truyn - Tn hiu tng t. - Tn hiu s. 3.2.2.3. Phn loi theo s bit trn mt ng dy - Mi bit chim ly mt ng truyn (song song): D liu gm nhiu bit s xut ng thi trn ng truyn. - Nhiu bit trn mt ng truyn (ni tip): Cc bit s ni tip nhau xut hin trn mt ng truyn duy nht. 3.2.2.4. Phn loi da vo xung nhp ng h Ck ca b pht v b thu - Truyn ng b: khi xung nhp ni pht v ni thu nh nhau v cng gc pha. + u im ca cch truyn ny l tc truyn rt cao nhng an ton v thng tin kh thp (sai vi bit). Vic chi ph cho thit k ng truyn kh cao. - Truyn bt ng b: khi xung nhp ni pht v thu khng cn ging nhau. + Theo phng php ny, d liu c truyn i vi tc chm hn nhng an ton cao, c bit chi ph cho vic thit k ng truyn tng i thp, thch hp cho truyn xa. 3.2.2.5. Phn loi theo chiu tn hiu trn ng truyn - Loi n cng: tn hiu ch truyn theo mt chiu duy nht m khng c chiu ngc li. - Loi song cng: tn hiu c th truyn theo c hai chiu mt cch ng thi. - Loi bn song cng: tn hiu c th truyn theo hai chiu nhng khng cng lc, tc l phi thay i lun phin. 3.2.3 Giao tip song song bt ng b 3.2.3.1. S khi:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
19 -
n tt nghip
Hnh 56 S kt ni thu pht d liu Khi truyn d liu vi tc t thp n trung bnh trn khong cch ngn ngi ta c th dng ng truyn song song bt ng b. V d, nh vic kt ni mt my tnh vi mt thit b ngoi vi nh my in. H thng giao tip song song bt ng b ny c c im l: mi bit chim ly mt ng truyn v xung ng b ni pht khng nht thit phi bng xung ng b ca ni thu. Do , ngoi cc ng dy cho cc bit cn cn thm cc ng tn hiu thc hin vic bt tay gia phn pht v phn thu. Gi s thc hin vic truyn song song 8 bit th t nht c 9 ng dy (mt ng mass gia phn pht v phn thu). ni pht v thu c th truyn v thu c chnh xc d liu th nht thit phi cn n cc tn hiu bt tay: Strobe, Ack v Busy\ . DO D7 : l cc ng d liu (data bus). Strobe, Ack, Busy\: l cc ng tn hiu bt tay nhm phi hp gia phn pht v phn thu. Strobe : do my pht gi ra nhm bo cho my thu bit rng c d liu gi ra trn ng truyn DO D7 . ACK : do phn pht a ra nhm bo cho phn pht bit rng phn thu thu xong mt k t. Busy : l tn hiu do phn thu a ra nhm bo cho phn pht bit rng phn thu ang bn vi mt tc v no nn cha th thu c k t tip theo. V d mt qu trnh truyn d liu gia my tnh v my in:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
20 -
n tt nghip
- CPU ch cho ti khi ng tn hiu Busy\ ln mc cao tc l my in sn sng nhn d liu. - CPU xut m ca k t k tip ra port song song. - Sau , CPU a xung Strobe ln 1. Tn hiu ny bo cho my in bit rng c d liu mi trn ng truyn. - My in tin hnh nhn d liu v khi hon tt cng vic lin quan n k t cui cng n s tr Busy\ v mc cao. My in a xung ACK ln cao bo cho CPU bit n ang sn sng nhn k t tip theo. 3.2.3.2. Hot ng ca h thng: Phn pht: - c gi tr ca ng Busy\ cho n khi Busy\ = 1 tc l phn thu khng bn. - Sau phn pht gi data ra bus d liu. - Cho chn Strobe = 1 bo cho phn thu bit k t sn sng. - c chn ACK cho n khi chn ny ln 1 tc l phn thu thu xong k t. - Cho chn Strobe = 0 trnh trng hp phn thu thu thm mt ln na. - Chun b d liu k tip theo xut i nu nh cha truyn ht. Phn thu: - Khi cn thu mt d liu n phi a chn Busy\ ln 1 bo cho phn pht bit rng n khng b bn v sn sng nhn k t. - Sau phn thu c gi tr ca tn hiu Strobe cho n khi chn ny ln 1 tc l phn pht gi d liu ra ng truyn. - Cho chn Busy\ = 0 phn pht tm thi ngng li v cho chn ACK = 0 khoan thay i data. - X l data (ct vo vng nh m). - Cho chn Busy\ = 1. 3.2.4 Giao tip ni tip bt ng b Cu trc :
Hnh 57 Cu trc giao tip ni tip bt ng b

GVHD_Trn Thu H 21 -
n tt nghip
Giao tip ni tip bt ng b l giao tip m xung ng h ca b pht v b thu c to ra mt cch ring r v khng cn phi bng nhau. Cc bit ln lt chim ly ng truyn, vic giao tip cn phi thm cc bit khung (thng tin khung) bao gm: Bit khi ng (start). Bit dng (stop). Bit chn l (parity). Thnh phn chnh ca h thng l cc thanh ghi dch. Ti phn pht, thanh ghi dch l thanh ghi vo song song ra ni tip. Ti phn thu, thanh ghi dch l thanh ghi vo ni tip ra song song.
Hnh 58 Qu trnh thu nhn d liu ni tip bt ng b 3.2.4.1. Pht d liu ni tip: Khi cn pht d liu, CPU phn pht s gi data ti thanh ghi pht bng cch a d liu n cc ng vo song song ca thanh ghi dch sau tc ng mc 1 ln chn LD cho thanh ghi np ly gi tr ny. Khi LD khng cn tc ng na th thanh ghi dch s lu tr li gi tr ny. Sau , di tc ng ca xung ng h ni pht, cc bit ca d liu cn pht s ln lt dch n ng ra ni tip a ln ng truyn. 3.2.4.2. Thu d liu ni tip: Khi phn thu nhn dng c bit khi ng, CPU phn thu s pht tn hiu iu khin xung Ck thu. Lc ny di tc ng ca xung Ck thu, tng bit d liu trn ng truyn s ln lt c dch vo thanh ghi phn thu cho n khi xut hin bit dng th CPU phn thu s pht tn hiu c d liu ti cc ng ra song song ca thanh ghi dch. Bit khi ng (Start) nhm bo cho phn thu bit thi im nhn mt d liu mi, bit ny c trng thi ngc vi trng thi thng xuyn ca ng truyn (c trng thi = 1).
GVHD_Trn Thu H 22 -
n tt nghip
Khi dng bit Parity, trng thi logic ca bit ny ph thuc vo k t d liu c trng v vic lp phn cng l kim tra parity chn hay l. Bit parity l bit 0 hoc bit 1 ty theo vic kim tra chn hay l v d liu nh th no. Ch rng bit parity c d phn vo vic tnh tng s bit 1 l chn hay l trong ton d liu. Sau bng cch tnh tng s bit trong mi k t, my thu c th pht hin c li khi truyn. Phng php ny tuy khng t c tin cy 100% (v nu s bit li l s chn th my thu khng th pht hin c li) nhng li tng i n gin v c hiu qu. Cc bit Stop l khong cch bo v ti thiu gia cc khung k t. 3.3. K THUT GHP NI V GIAO TIP MY TNH 3.3.3 Cng ni tip RS232: 3.3.1.1 Gii thiu: Giao thc truyn thng ni tip l mt con ng cho php cc thit b khc nhau c th giao tip vi th gii bn ngoi ca n. N c gi l ni tip v cc bit d liu c truyn i theo kiu ni tip nhau trn mt ng dy n. Mt my tnh bn c port ni tip c bit ti nh l mt port truyn thng hay port COM c s dng kt ni mt modem chng hn hay bt k thit b no khc, c nhiu hn mt cng (port) COM my tnh bn. Cc Port ni tip ny c iu khin bi mt CHIP c bit gi l UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter). Cc ng dng khc nhau s dng cc chn khc nhau trn port ni tip ny v n ch yu da vo chc nng c yu cu. Nu nh bn cn kt ni my tnh (PC) ca bn chng hn ti cc thit b khc dng Port ni tip th bn phi c s tay hng dn cho thit b bit c cc chn c trn hai mt c kt ni vi nhau nh th no v cc thit lp cn thit i vi n. Cc li th ca giao thc truyn thng ni tip: Giao thc truyn thng ni tip c mt vi li th hn so vi vi giao thc truyn thng song song. Mt trong nhng li th l khong cch truyn dn, kt ni ni tip c th gi d liu ti mt thit b iu khin xa hn so vi kt ni song song. V cp kt ni ca kt ni ni tip cng n gin hn so vi kt ni song song v n s dng t s dy hn. Kt ni ni tip cng c s dng cho giao tip hng ngoi, ngy nay cc thit b nh laptop v my in c th giao tip thng qua cc ng hng ngoi. 3.3.1.2 Cc loi kt ni:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
23 -
n tt nghip
C hai loi b kt ni l 9 chn v 25 chn, c hai u c gi l u cm loi D (D-Type plug). D-Type plug c th l c m cng c th l ci. Hnh 1 di ch ra nhng chi tit v hai loi ny.
Hnh 59 Hnh dng u kt ni hai loi cp 9 v 25 chn
M t cc chn : Chc nng Ng vo nhn d liu ni tip Ng ra truyn d liu ni tip Yu cu gi (Bo cho Modem bit l UART sn sng trao i d liu) Xa gi (Modem sn sng) Trng thi d liu sn sng(Modem hnh thnh 1 kt ni). Ni t Chn RD TD RTS CTS DSR SG Loi 9 chn 3 2 7 8 6 5 Loi 25 chn 2 3 4 5 6 7
GVHD_Trn Thu H
24 -
n tt nghip
Pht hin b vn chuyn d liu D liu u cui sn sng Ring Indicator
DECLARED DTR RI
1 4 9
8 20 22
Bng 14 Chc nng cc chn ca chun RS232 loi 9 chn v 25 chn Cc thit b s dng cp ni tip phc v cho vic giao tip ca n th chia ra lm hai loi: a) DTE (Data Terminal Equipment).v d v DTE l cc my tinh, my in v cc thit b u cui. b) DECLAREE (Data Communication Equipment). V d v DECLAREE l cc modem. 3.3.1.3 c tnh in c tnh in xc nh tn hiu gia DTE v DECLAREE. Tn hiu s c dng trong mi trao i. Mc in p logic ca RS-232D nm trong khong 15V. Cc ng d liu s dng logic m: mc logic 1 tng ng vi in p trong khong (-5V , -15V); mc logic 0 chim khong (+5V, +15V). Cc ng iu khin s dng logic dng: t +5V n +15V tng ng vi iu kin ON (hay TRUE) v t -5V n -15V tng ng vi iu kin OFF (hay FALSE) chun giao tip ny, mc nhiu c gii hn l 2V. Do ngng nh nht ca ng vo l 3V. in p ln nht trn ng dy khi khng ti l 25V. Mt s c im v in khc : - in tr ti R c gi tr trong khong t 3 k n 7 k
L
- in dung ti C khng qu 2500 pF

L
- ngn chn s dao ng, tc thay i in p (slew rate) khng c vt qu 30V/s Thi gian chuyn mc tn hiu t ON sang OFF hay ngc li: - i vi cc ng iu khin, khng c vt qu 1ms. - i vi cc ng d liu khng c vt qu 4% thi gian ca mt bit hoc 1ms. Tc truyn d liu l 20 kbps v khng qu 15m. 3.3.1.4 Cc phng php giao tip
GVHD_Trn Thu H
25 -
n tt nghip
C hai phng php giao tip cho chun giao tip truyn thng ni tip, l ng b v bt ng b. Giao tip truyn thng ni tip ng b: Trong giao tip truyn thng ni tip ng b, b nhn phi bit khi no th c bit k tip ti t bn gi, iu ny c th t c bng cch phi hp xung Clock gia bn pht v bn thu. Trong hu ht cc dng ca GTTTNT, nu nh khng c d liu sn sng ti thi im cho truyn th mt k t nhi s c gi thay vo cho nn d liu lun c truyn gia bn gi v bn nhn. Tuy nhin n s mc hn v cc mch in iu khin v dy ni thm bn ngoi cn c mc thm c th phi hp, chia s tn hiu xung Clock gia bn pht v bn thu. Giao tip truyn thng ni tip bt ng b: Giao tip truyn thng ni tip bt ng b cho php d liu c truyn i m khng cn phi gi mt tn hiu xung clock ti bn nhn t bn gi.Thay vo , cc bit c bit c thm vo ti mi word thc hin vic ng b d liu gia bn gi v bn nhn. Khi mt word c a ti UART phc v cho vic truyn bt ng b, mt bit c gi l "Start bit" c thm vo u ca mi word m c truyn i. Bit Start c s dng thng bo ti bn nhn rng mt word sp c gi ti, v y xung clock b nhn vo trong qu trnh ng b vi xung clock ca b truyn
Hnh 60 Cu trc mt frame d liu thng thng. Sau Start Bit, cc bit d liu ring ca word c gi, mi bit trong word c truyn mt cch chnh xc ging nhau v gian tt c cc bit. khc. Khi ton b d liu word c gi, b truyn s cho mt Parity Bit m n c to ra bi b truyn. Parity Bit c s dng ti bn nhn thc thi vic kim tra cc li n gin. Sau th s c ti thiu mt Stop Bit c gi bi b truyn. Nu nh Stop Bit khng xut hin khi m n c cn n th UART coi nh ton b word b hu v s thng bo mt Framing Error (mt li Frame) Phn cng ca cc giao tip truyn thng ni tip chun trong PC khng c h tr cc hot ng ng b.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 26 -
n tt nghip
3.3.1.5 Th tc giao tip Handshaking Handshaking l mt th tc c s dng kim tra ng truyn gia DTE & DECLAREE trc khi truyn d liu. D liu c truyn v nhn trn hai chn 2 v 3 tng ng (cho c hai loi 25 & 9 chn). DTE s yu cu gi d liu ti DECLAREE (RTS). DECLAREE s ch cho DTE rng n sn sng cho vic nhn d liu (CTS).
Cho nn c hai RTS v CTS c s dng iu khin dng d kiu gia DTE v DECLAREE. Data Set Ready (DSR) l mt ch th du hiu t DECLAREE (chng hn nh modem) ang trng thi ON. Tng t, DTR (v d nh PC) ch ra Data Set l DTE ang trng thi ON. Data Carrier Detect (CD) ch ra rng mt sng mang tt ang c nhn t modem iu khin. Baud rate (Tc baud) Tc Baud l mt thng s o ch ra tc ca qu trnh truyn dn trong giao tip truyn thng bt ng b. N th hin s bit m thc s c gi qua ng truyn ni tip. S baud bao gm c cc bit overhead Start, Stop v Parity m c to ra bi UART bn gi v c xa bi UART bn nhn. 3.3.1.6 Cc loi cp: Cp modem Mt cp modem bnh thng chay thng vi chn s 1 ni ti chn 1, chn 2 ni ti chn 2,...Cui cng n s c kt ni ti im u cui hay PC qua mt b (u) kt ni ci, v im cui ca cn li ca n c kt ni ti modem l mt b (u) kt ni c. M t tn hiu Carrier Detect (CD) Receive Data (RD) Transmit Data (TD) Data Terminal Ready(DTR) Signal Ground (SG) 9-pin DTE 1 2 3 4 5 25-pin DECLAREE 8 3 2 20 7 Ch From Modem From Modem From Terminal/Computer From Terminal/Computer From Modem
GVHD_Trn Thu H
27 -
n tt nghip
Data Set Ready (DSR) Request to Send (RTS) Clear to Send (CTS) Ring Indicator (RI)
6 7 8 9
6 4 5 22
From Modem From Terminal/Computer From Modem From Modem
Bng 15 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232
Cp modem Null Khi bn cn kt ni hai thit b vi DTE hay DECLAREE, v d nh kt ni hai PC vi nhau, th trong trng hp ny bn cn phi s dng ti cp c chn kt ni c m t nh hnh di (25 ti 25). Cp ny c gi l cp modem Null. D-Sub 1 Receive Data (RD) Transmit Data Data Terminal Ready System Ground Data Set Ready + Carrier Detect Request to Send Clear to Send 3 2 20 7 6+8 4 5 2 3 6+8 7 20 5 4 D-Sub 2 Transmit Data Receive Data Data Set Ready + Carrier Detect System Ground Data Terminal Ready Clear to Send Request to Send
M t tn hiu Recieve Data Transmit Data Data Terminal Ready System Ground Data Set Ready +
GVHD_Trn Thu H
Chn 2 3 4 5 6+1 3 2 6+1 5 4
M t tn hiu Transmit Data Recieve Data Data Set Ready + Carrier Detect System Ground Data Terminal Ready
28 -
n tt nghip
Carrier Detect Request to Send Clear to Send 7 8 8 7 Clear to Send Request to Send
9 pin Recieve Data Transmit Data Data Terminal Ready System Ground DataSet Ready+Carrier Detect Request to Send Clear to Send 2 3 4 5 6+1 7 8 2 3 6+8 7 20 5 4
25 pin Transmit Data Recieve Data Data Set Ready +Carrier Detect System Ground Data Terminal Ready Clear to Send Request to Send
Bng 18 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232 3.3.1.7 Th tc truyn nhn Th tc pht tin TxD Thit b u cui (hay my vi tnh) gi tn hiu DTR (Data Terminal Ready - S sn sng ca thit b u cui c s liu) mc thp cho Modem bo n sn sng. Modem gi tr li thit b u cui (TBC) bng tn hiu DSR (Data Set Ready) mc thp. Thng thng, modem c ng mch ngun nui bi DTR v bo hiu ng mch bi DSR. Nu thit b u cui c mt k t (Character) sn sng gi i, n gi RTS (Request To Send - yu cu gi) mc thp cho Modem. Modem gi tn hiu CD (Carrier Detect - pht hin sng mang) cho TBC bo rng n lin lc c vi my vi tnh. Khi Modem hon ton sn sng pht s liu ln ng dy, n pht xung nhp (Modem Clock) v tn hiu CTR (Clear To Send) ti thit b u cui. TBC gi cc k t s liu (SUD) TxD cho Modem.
29 -
GVHD_Trn Thu H
n tt nghip
Khi thit b u cui gi xong s liu, n nng mc RTS ln cao bo cho Modem l pht xong . Modem tr li thit b u cui bng cch kt thc tn hiu CTS v mc cao, bo hon thnh vic truyn tin TxD.
Th tc nhn tin RxD Khi mt thit b u cui nhn tin ni tip t ng dy, trnh t din ra nh sau: TBC thu gi DTR mc thp cho modem bo sn sng. Modem thu gi tr li bi DSR. Modem thu nhn tn hiu CD t ng dy v kch thch pht tn hiu nhp modem (Modem Clock) cho tn hiu thu. TBC pht tn hiu RTS mc thp cho modem bit l sn sng thu. Modem nhn tn hiu RTS v pht CTS mc thp cho thit b u cui thu bit modem sn sng nhn tin. Modem nhn tn hiu TxD iu ch trn ng dy a vo b gii iu ch v truyn chui tn hiu RxD cho thit b u cui thu. Khi thu xong, TBC thu nng RTS ln cao bo cho modem bit vic thu mt li tin xong. Modem thu nng mc CTS ln cao bo kt thc vic thu cc tn hiu RxD. Gii thiu
3.3.4 Giao tip in thoi vi my tnh qua USB Modem 3.3.2.5 Trong ti ny s dng vic kt ni Mobile vi my tnh thng qua chc nng USB Modem ca Mobile Motorola. USB Modem c chc nng kt ni Internet cho mt chic my tnh ging nh ADSL Modem. Nhng ti s khng dng USB Modem vo mc ch kt ni vi Internet m s dng vi mc ch l to ra mt cng COM ni tip truy xut v iu khin Mobile vi my tnh thng qua tp lnh AT. Lc ny Mobile s c chc nng nh mt GSM Modem, cho php lp trnh iu khin vic gi nhn tin nhn SMS thng qua tp lnh AT. Hu ht cc in thoi h tr tp lnh AT u tch hp GSM Modem trong phn cng ca my. Mun s dng chc nng USB Modem ca Mobile th cn phi ci t Driver cho vic giao tip ca Mobile vi my tnh. Driver y c cung cp bi hng sn xut ra Mobile. Khi ci t Driver cho my tnh th s nhn c mt cng COM, cng COM ny l mc nh v phi kim tra bit c y l COM my. iu ny rt quan trng truy xut giao tip gia Mobile v my tnh . V trong ti s dng Mobile c sn l Motorola A1200 nn vic trnh by s hng theo quy nh ca hng Motorola. i
GVHD_Trn Thu H 30 -
n tt nghip
vi mt s loi in thoi khc th c th ly cng COM bng cch ci t chng trnh qun l ring theo tng hng. Trong ti ny vic giao tip vi my tnh v Mobile c th khng nht thit phi l Motorola m quan trong nht l Mobile phi h tr tr tp lnh iu khin AT. V d nh Nokia c rt nhiu i my lp trnh c thng qua tp lnh AT. V vy ti ny vn c th s dng mt in thoi Mobile vi chi ph thp ng dng trong thc t. 3.3.2.6 Ci t v s dng Driver cho USB Modem i vi cc in thoi tch hp sn chc nng USB Modem th vic ci driver cng nh iu khin thng qua tp lnh AT s tr nn d dng hn. V ti s dng A1200 ca Motorola nn vic ci t Driver s theo hng dn ca hng sn xut. Phn cng kt ni : Mobile, cp USB Phn mm : USBMODEM_DRIVER_A1200 hoc Handset_USB_Driver_32_v3.4.0.msi (cho hu ht in thoi Motorola). Ci t Driver : i vi USBMODEM_DRIVER_A1200 Chnh Mobile theo dng kt ni l USB Modem. Sau gn Cp USB ni tip gia Mobile v my tnh. Lc ny my tnh s hin ln yu cu.
Sau chn No, not this time ri bm Next
GVHD_Trn Thu H
31 -
n tt nghip
Chn Install from a list or specific location (Advanced), tip tc bm Next Sau xut hin bng yu cu tip theo
Ta chn Include this location in the search, sau nhn Browse v chn Driver trn my tnh. Sau bm Next tip tc vic ci t i vi Handset_USB_Driver_32_v3.4.0.msi : vic ci t ny khng cn phi cm cp gia Mobile v my tnh, vic ci t cng tr nn d dng hn, nhng ch h tr mt s loi Mobile ca Hng Motorola
GVHD_Trn Thu H 32 -
n tt nghip
Sau khi nhp vo file SETUP, ta thy xut hin bng yu cu
Bm Next tip tc vic ci t Sau xut hin bng yu cu sau
Chn I agree sau nhn Next tip tc Sau vic ci t c tin hnh v bm Close kt thc qu trnh ci t :
GVHD_Trn Thu H 33 -
n tt nghip
Giao tip ca Mobile khng c USB Modem vi my tnh : ti s ch s dng Mobile Motorola nhng vi cc in thoi khc mun s dng cng COM truy xut tp lnh AT vn c th c, c th l Nokia, l hng in thoi ln h tr tp lnh AT cho hu ht Mobile ca Hng. Khi ci t phn mm
GVHD_Trn Thu H
34 -
n tt nghip
ca hng th s xut hin cng COM cho vic truy xut. Cc in thoi cn c h tr tp lnh AT th mi c th iu khin c. 3.3.2.7 Kim tra Com Portname : C 2 cch kim tra xem USB Modem kt ni vo my tnh c gn cho cng Com th my : Cch 1: Bm chut phi vo My Computer chn Properties :
Sau chn tab Hardware trn bng System Properties:
Chn Device Manager

GVHD_Trn Thu H 35 -
n tt nghip
Sau hin ra bng iu hnh cc thit b kt ni :
Nhp vo mc Modem thy xut hin mt Modem va ci t l Motorola USB Modem.
Ta nhp chut phi chn Properties
Ta tip tc chn Advance Port setting:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
36 -
n tt nghip
Cui cng ta thy tn cng Com Port dng truy xut.
Ti phn COM port Number ta c th thay i tn cng COM m ta mun trong gii hn ca Main Board Cch 2 : dng chng trnh c sn l HyperTerminal Ta nhp Start Accessories Communications HyperTerminal Ta t tn cho kt ni v chn Icon nh hnh :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
37 -
n tt nghip
Sau khi nhn OK ta c khung chn la cho cng Com kt ni nh sau
Lc ny ta c th chn Motorola USB Modem cho vic kt ni Internet, trong ti s dn COM3, l cng truy xut d liu ca Mobile v my tnh. COM3 ch xut hin sau khi ci t USB Modem. 3.3.2.8 Kim tra nhng Mobile phone c h tr tp lnh AT Microsoft HyperTerminal l mt chng trnh nh c cung cp bi Microsoft Windows. Ta s dng chng trnh ny gi lnh AT n Mobile. Chng ti trnh by v cch ly chng trnh ny phn trn nu c ci t sn trn my tnh. Nu nh, trn my tnh khng c ci sn chng trnh ny th chng ta s tin hnh ci t li nh sau : Control Panel Add/Remove Program Windows Setup Communications list box item Details button install MS HyperTerminal
GVHD_Trn Thu H
38 -
n tt nghip
Trc khi nhm bt u lp trnh cho nhng ng dng cha tp lnh AT th nhm kim tra xem mobile y c h tr tp lnh AT hay khng. s dng MS HyperTerminal cho vic gi lnh AT iu khin Mobile th cn phi lm theo nhng bc nh sau: a. t mt th SIM hp l vo in thoi di ng hoc GSM / GPRS modem. Bn c th c c mt th SIM bng cch ng k vo cc mng GSM dch v ca mt nh iu hnh mng khng dy. b. Kt ni in thoi di ng hoc GSM / GPRS modem vi mt my tnh v ci t phn mm diu khin modem. c. MS HyperTerminal chy bng cch chn Start Programs Accessories Communications HyperTerminal. d. Trong Connection Description, nhp mt tn v chn mt biu tng cho cc bn mun kt ni. Sau bm vo nt OK.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
39 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
CHNG 4
THIT K
4.1. PHNG N THIT K Gm 2 phng n thit k nh sau: Phng n 1 : Dng b GSM MODEM kt ni my tnh : chi ph v gi thnh kh t. Thch hp cho lp trnh lnh AT d dng v y tn nng cho lp trnh vi lnh AT. Phng n 2: Dng in thoi di ng c chc nng USB MODEM kt ni my tnh. Vic lp trnh cho USB MODEM cng tng t nh GSM MODEM nhng c hn ch hn v mt s loi in thoi h tr USB MODEM nhng khng h tr lnh AT Phng n la chn : chn phng n 2 v tn dng in thoi sn c. Hu ht cc in thoi Nokia u c USB Modem v h tr lnh AT. Lnh AT l lnh dng iu khin in thoi theo mun ca ngi dng thng qua tp lnh 4.2. S KHI TNG QUT CA TON H THNG V CHC NNG TNG KHI
Hnh 61 S khi h thng iu khin thit b in bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD_Trn Thu H 40 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Khi Giao Tip SMS : C chc nng gi nhn tin nhn SMS cho vic iu khin cc thit b. Khi ny cn hai thit b in thoi di ng : Thit b in thoi di ng th nht: dnh cho ngi s dng. Ngi s dng cn phi ng k dch v vin thng i vi cc nh cung cp dch v trong nc. Thit b in thoi di ng th hai: in thoi ny phi c gn Sim ca nh cung cp dch v v cng cn phi c chc nng nh mt Modem c th kt vi my tnh. Vic kt ni cn c phn mm ca hng cung cp in thoi. Ci ny c t c nh v thng xuyn kt ni vi my tnh. Khi ngi s dng nhn mt tin SMS c ni dung l mt lnh yu cu iu khin thit b. V d : light_1 on, light_2 on, light_1 off, .. th in thoi kia s nhn tin nhn v c x l bi Khi X L Phn Mm v Giao Tip. Khi X L Phn Mm v Giao Tip : C chc nng c tin nhn SMS t in thoi thng qua chc nng Modem ca in thoi. Khi ny c nhim v trung tm v quan trng trong vic x l v iu khin phn mm. Vic x l s do phn mm c to ra bi phn mm Visual Basic .Net ca Microsoft . Phn mm ny c nhim v giao tip vi in thoi thng qua Modem ca in thoi v giao tip vi Khi X L Phn Cng thng qua cng RS232. Khi in thoi nhn c tin nhn iu khin th phn mm s c tin nhn thng qua vic gi tp lnh AT c tin nhn. Sau s x l lnh iu khin v truyn d liu bt tt thit b thng qua vic truyn nhn qua cng RS232. Trong phn mm giao tip cn t thuc tnh cho vic chn cng kt ni vi Modem ca in thoi v RS232 . Phn mm cn cho php hin th nhit v v th hin th kt qa o t c . Khi ngi dng mun gim st thng qua in thoi th phn mm cng cho php gi tin nhn SMS n ngi dng thng bo cc trng thi thit b v bo nhit . Nu nhit vt qua ngng cho php th phn mm s gi tin nhn n cc c quan c thm quyn Khi X L Phn Cng : Khi x l phn cng l khi trung tm trong vic x l v iu khin phn cng. Khi ch do mt vi iu khin Pic16F877A m nhn v c nhim v gi nhn d liu vi khi x l phn mm mt cch lin tc. Khi Khi x l phn mm gi thng tin iu khin th Khi x l phn cng s c lp trnh thc thi thng qua phn mm PicBasic Pro. Vi iu khin c nhim v c nhit t cm bin, giao tip vi khi LCD- Keypad v Khi cng sut. Khi Cm Bin :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
41 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
L mt cm bin nhit LM35 c kh nng o nhit thc t mi trng bn ngoi xut in p tng ng cho Khi x l phn cng. Cm bin c sai s nh thch hp cho vic o in p cho nhng ni khng i hi chnh xc tuyt i Khi Giao Tip LCD v Keypad : Khi ny bao gm mt LCD trng en 16x2 v mt bn phm ma trn c nhim v m mt thit b. V d: m ca,Khi x l phn cng c kh nng t mt m v s qut cc phm nhn t Keypad v hin th ra LCD. Nu ng mt m t th m ca, cn sai 3 ln th s kha phm. Khi Cng Sut: Khi ny bao gm Moc3020 v Triac BT136 c nhim v giao tip gia mc logic TTL vi in p xoay chiu 220VAC. Khi cng sut vi dng thp, p ng ti tiu t cng sut thp v dn dng nh bng n 4.3. S NGUYN L PHN CNG:
Hnh 62 S nguyn l phn cng iu khin thit b in
GVHD_Trn Thu H
42 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
4.4. S NGUYN L TNG KHI 4.4.1. Khi x l trung tm : Pic16F877A Khi x l trung tm m ng vai tr chnh l Pic 16F877A s lm nhim v chnh l tip nhn v x l cc d liu n v i mt cch t ng. ti s dng PIC 16F877A v nhng u im vt tri ca n so vi cc vi iu khin khc. V mt tnh nng v cng nng th c th xem PIC vt tri hn rt nhiu so vi 89 vi nhiu module c tch hp sn nh ADC 10 BIT, PWM 10 BIT, EEPROM 256 BYTE, COMPARATER, VERF COMPARATERV mt gi c th c i cht chnh lch nh gi 1 con 89S52 khong 20.000 th PIC16F877A l 60.000 nhng khi so snh nh th th ta nn xem li phn linh kin cho vic thit k mch nu nh xi 89 mun c ADC bn phi mua con ADC chng hn nh ADC 0808 hay 0809 vi gi vi chc ngn v b opamp th khi s dung PIC n tch hp cho ta sn cc module c ngha l bn ko cn mua ADC, Opam, EPPROM v PIC c sn trong n. Ngoi chng ta s gp nhiu thun li hn trong thit k board, khi board mch s nh gn v p hn d thi cng hn rt nhiu, v tnh v gi c tng cng cho n lc thnh phm th PIC c th xem nh r hn 89. Mt iu c bit na l tt c cc con PIC c s dng th u c chun PI tc chun cng nghip thay v chun PC (chun dn dng). Ngoi ra, PIC c ngn ng h tr cho vic lp trnh ngoi ngn ng Asembly cn c ngn ng C th c th s dung CCSC, HTPIC, MirkoBasic, v cn nhiu chng trnh khc na h tr cho vic lp trnh bn cnh ngn ng kinh in l asmbler th s dng MPLAB IDE. Bn cnh vi b dy ca s pht trin lu i PIC to ra rt nhiu din n si ni v PIC c trong v ngoi nc. Chnh v vy chng ta s c nhiu thun li trong vic d dng tm kim cc thng tin lp trnh cho cc dng PIC. Dng PIC 16F877A c chn s dng trong ti l dng ph thng vi cc tnh nng c bn v d cho vic s dng vi: Tp lnh lp trnh ch c 35 lnh rt d nh v d hc. 8k Flash Rom. 368 Bytes Ram. 5 Port iu khin vo ra vi tn hiu i khin c lp, vi dng ra cao c th kch trc tip cc transirtor m ko cn wa b buffer. 2 b nh thi timer0 v timer2 8 bit c th lp trnh c. 1 b nh thi timer1 16 bit c th hot ng trong ch sleep vi ngun xung clock ngoi.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
43 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
2 b module CCP ( bao gm Capture bt gi, Compare so snh, PWM iu ch xung 10 bit). 1 b ADC vi 8 knh ADC 10 bit . 2 b so snh tng t hot ng c lp. B gim st nh thi Watchdogtimer. 1 cng song song 8 bit vi cc tn hiu iu khin. 1 cng ni tip. H tr giao tip I2C. 15 ngun ngt. Ch sleep tit kim nng lng. Np chng trnh bng cng ni tip ICSP. Tn s hot ng ti a l 20Mhz.
S chn ca Vi iu khin Pic 16F877A
Hnh 63 S chn ca PIC 16F877A
GVHD_Trn Thu H
44 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
S nguyn l :
Hnh 64 S kt ni PIC 16F877A Thng s vi iu khin PIC16F877A y l vi iu khin thuc h PIC16Fxxx vi tp lnh gm 35 lnh c di 14 bit. Mi lnh u c thc thi trong mt chu k xung clock. Tc hot ng ti a cho php l 20 MHz vi mt chu k lnh l 200ns. B nh chng trnh 8Kx14 bit, b nh d liu 368x8 byte RAM v b nh d liu EEPROM vi dung lng 256x8 byte. S PORT I/O l 5 vi 33 pin I/O. Cc c tnh ngoi vi bao gm cc khi chc nng sau: Timer0: b m 8 bit vi b chia tn s 8 bit. Timer1: b m 16 bit vi b chia tn s, c th thc hin chc nng m da vo. Xung clock ngoi vi ngay khi vi iu khin hot ng ch sleep. Timer2: b m 8 bit vi b chia tn s, b postcaler. Hai b Capture/so snh/iu ch rng xung. Cc chun giao tip ni tip SSP (Synchronous Serial Port), SPI v I2C. Chun giao tip ni tip USART vi 9 bit a ch.
45 -
GVHD_Trn Thu H
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Cng giao tip song song PSP (Parallel Slave Port) vi cc chn iu khin RD, WR. Cc c tnh Analog : 8 knh chuyn i ADECLARE 10 bit. Hai b so snh. Bn cnh l mt vi c tnh khc ca vi iu khin nh: B nh flash vi kh nng ghi xa c 100.000 ln. B nh EEPROM vi kh nng ghi xa c 1.000.000 ln. D liu b nh EEPROM c th lu tr trn 40 nm. Kh nng t np chng trnh vi s iu khin ca phn mm. Np c chng trnh ngay trn mch in ICSP (In Circuit Serial Programming) thng qua 2 chn. Watchdog Timer vi b dao ng trong. Chc nng bo mt m chng trnh. Ch Sleep. C th hot ng vi nhiu dng Oscillator khc nhau.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
46 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
S khi :
Hnh 65 S khi bn trong ca PIC 16F877A T chc b nh: Cu trc b nh ca vi iu khin PIC16F877A bao gm b nh chng trnh (Program memory) v b nh d liu (Data Memory). Cc cng xut nhp ca PIC16F877A Cng xut nhp (I/O port) chnh l phng tin m vi iu khin dng tng tc vi th gii bn ngoi. S tng tc ny rt a dng v thng qua qu trnh tng tc , chc nng ca vi iu khin c th hin mt cch r rng. Mt cng xut nhp ca vi iu khin bao gm nhiu chn (I/O pin), ty theo cch b tr v chc nng ca vi iu khin m s lng cng xut nhp v s lng chn trong mi cng c th khc nhau. Bn cnh , do vi iu khin c tch hp
GVHD_Trn Thu H 47 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
sn bn trong cc c tnh giao tip ngoi vi nn bn cnh chc nng l cng xut nhp thng thng, mt s chn xut nhp cn c thm cc chc nng khc th hin s tc ng ca cc c tnh ngoi vi nu trn i vi th gii bn ngoi. Chc nng ca tng chn xut nhp trong mi cng hon ton c th c xc lp v iu khin c thng qua cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n chn xut nhp . Vi iu khin PIC16F877A c 5 cng xut nhp, bao gm PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD v PORTE. PORTA PORTA (RPA) bao gm 6 I/O pin. y l cc chn hai chiu (bidirectional pin), ngha l c th xut v nhp c. Chc nng I/O ny c iu khin bi thanh ghi TRISA (a ch 85h). Mun xc lp chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l input, ta set bit iu khin tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA v ngc li, mun xc lp chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l output, ta clear bit iu khin tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA. Thao tc ny hon ton tng t i vi cc PORT v cc thanh ghi iu khin tng ng TRIS (i vi PORTA l TRISA, i vi PORTB l TRISB, i vi PORTC l TRISC, i vi PORTD l TRISD vi vi PORTE l TRISE). Bn cnh PORTA cn l ng ra ca b ADECLARE, b so snh, ng vo analog ng vo xung clock ca Timer0 v ng vo ca b giao tip MSSP (Master Synchronous Serial Port). c tnh ny s c trnh by c th trong phn sau. Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n PORTA bao gm: PORTA (a ch 05h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTA. TRISA (a ch 85h) : iu khin xut nhp. CMCON (a ch 9Ch) : thanh ghi iu khin b so snh. CVRCON (a ch 9Dh) : thanh ghi iu khin b so snh in p. ADECLAREON1 (a ch 9Fh) : thanh ghi iu khin b ADECLARE. PORTB PORTB (RPB) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISB. Bn cnh mt s chn ca PORTB cn c s dng trong qu trnh np chng trnh cho vi iu khin vi cc ch np khc nhau. PORTB cn lin quan n ngt ngoi vi v b Timer0. PORTB cn c tch hp chc nng in tr ko ln c iu khin bi chng trnh. Cu trc bn trong v chc nng c th ca tng chn trong PORTB s c trnh by c th trong Ph lc 1. Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n PORTB bao gm: PORTB (a ch 06h,106h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTB TRISB (a ch 86h,186h) : iu khin xut nhp OPTION_REG (a ch 81h,181h) : iu khin ngt ngoi vi v b Timer0.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 48 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
PORTC PORTC (RPC) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISC. Bn cnh PORTC cn cha cc chn chc nng ca b so snh, b Timer1, b PWM v cc chun giao tip ni tip I2C, SPI, SSP, USART. Cc thanh ghi iu khin lin quan n PORTC: PORTC (a ch 07h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTC TRISC (a ch 87h) : iu khin xut nhp. PORTD PORTD (RPD) gm 8 chn I/O, thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISD. PORTD cn l cng xut d liu ca chun giao tip PSP (Parallel Slave Port). Cu trc bn trong v chc nng c th ca tng chn trong PORTD s c trnh by c th trong Ph lc 1. Cc thanh ghi lin quan n PORTD bao gm: + Thanh ghi PORTD : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTD. + Thanh ghi TRISD : iu khin xut nhp. + Thanh ghi TRISE : iu khin xut nhp PORTE v chun giao tip PSP. PORTE PORTE (RPE) gm 3 chn I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISE. Cc chn ca PORTE c ng vo analog. Bn cnh PORTE cn l cc chn iu khin ca chun giao tip PSP. Cc thanh ghi lin quan n PORTE bao gm: + PORTE : cha gi tr cc chn trong PORTE. + TRISE : iu khin xut nhp v xc lp cc thng s cho chun giao tip PSP. + ADECLAREON1 : thanh ghi iu khin khi ADECLARE. ADECLARE ADECLARE (Analog to Digital Converter) l b chuyn i tn hiu gia hai dng tng t v s. PIC16F877A c 8 ng vo analog (RA4:RA0 v RE2:RE0). Hiu in th chun VREF c th c la chn l VDD, VSS hay hiu in th chun c xc lp trn hai chn RA2 v RA3. Kt qu chuyn i t tn tiu tng t sang tn hiu s l 10 bit s tng ng v c lu trong hai thanh ghi ADRESH: ADRESL. Khi khng s dng b chuyn i ADECLARE, cc thanh ghi ny c th c s dng nh cc thanh ghi thng thng khc. Khi qu trnh chuyn i hon tt,
GVHD_Trn Thu H 49 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
kt qu s c lu vo hai thanh ghi ADRESH:ADRESL, bit (ADECLAREON0<2>) c xa v 0 v c ngt ADIF c set Thanh ghi ADECLAREON0 (a ch 1Fh)
GO/DONE
Hnh 66 Cu trc thanh ghi ADECLAREN0 Bit 7-6 ADECLARES1:ADECLARES0:chn xung cho ADECLARE ADECLAREON1(ADECL ARES2) 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 ADECLAREON0(ADECLARES1:A DECLARES0) 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 Bng 19 Chn xung cho ADECLARE Bit 5-3 CHS2:CHS0: Chn knh cho ADECLARE + 000 = Channel 0 (AN0) + 001 = Channel 1 (AN1) + 010 = Channel 2 (AN2) + 011 = Channel 3 (AN3) + 100 = Channel 4 (AN4) + 101 = Channel 5 (AN5) + 110 = Channel 6 (AN6) + 111 = Channel 7 (AN7) Bit 2 GO/DONE: Bit trng thi ca ADECLAR + 1 = Bo ADECLARE ang hot ng v t ng chuyn v 0 khi qu trnh x l xong.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 50 -
Xung Clock Fosc/2 Fosc/8 Fosc/32 Xung ni Fosc/4 Fosc/16 Fosc/64 Xung ni
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
+ 0 = ADECLARE cha x l. Bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as 0 Bit 0 ADON: Bit bt ADECLARE + 1 = ADECLARE c cp ngun + 0 = ADECLARE tt v khng tiu th dng Thanh ghi ADECLAREON1(a ch 9Fh)
Hnh 67 Cu trc thanh ghi ADELAREON1 Bit 7 ADFM: Bit nh dng kt qu ADECLARE + 1 = Bn Phi. Six (6) Most Significant bits of ADRESH are read as 0. + 0 = Bn Tri. Six (6) Least Significant bits of ADRESL are read as 0.
Bit 6 ADECLARES2: Bit chn xung Clock Bit 3-0 PCFG3:PCFG0: Bit cu hnh iu khin
GVHD_Trn Thu H
51 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Bng 20 Bng lc chn cu hnh iu khin cho thanh ghi ADECLAREON1 Cc bc chuyn i t tng t sang s: 1. Thit lp cc thng s cho b chuyn i ADECLARE: Chn ng vo analog, chn in p mu (da trn cc thng s ca thanh ghi ADECLAREON1) Chn knh chuyn i AD (thanh ghi ADECLAREON0). Chn xung clock cho knh chuyn i AD (thanh ghi ADECLAREON0). Cho php b chuyn i AD hot ng (thanh ghi ADECLAREON0). 2. Thit lp cc c ngt cho b AD Clear bit ADIF. Set bit ADIE. Set bit PEIE. Set bit GIE. 3. i cho ti khi qu trnh ly mu hon tt. 4. Bt u qu trnh chuyn i (set bit GO/DONE). 5. i cho ti khi qu trnh chuyn i hon tt bng cch: Kim tra bit GO/DONE . Nu bit GO/DONE =0, qu trnh chuyn i hon tt. Kim tra c ngt.
6. c kt qu chuyn i v xa c ngt, set bit GO/DONE (nu cn tip tc chuyn i). 7. Tip tc thc hin cc bc 1 v 2 cho qu trnh chuyn i tip theo.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 52 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Yu cu ly mu ca ADECLARE: vic ly mu ADECLARE c chnh xc ta dng mt t gi C Hold vi in p c np y bng vi mc in p ca ng vo. Tr khng ngun Rs v tr khng chuyn mch ly mu ni nh hng trc tip n thi gian np ca t CHOLD. Tr khng ti a cho tn hiu tng t c ngh l 2.5k. Khi tr khng b gim i th thi gian ly mu cng gim theo. Sau khi knh ng vo tng t c chn th vic ly mu phi c lm trc khi vic chuyn i bt u.
Hnh 68 S thi gian ly mu
GVHD_Trn Thu H
53 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Hnh 69 S ng vo tng t La chn xung Clock cho ADECLARE: Thi gian chuyn i ADECLARE c xc nh cho mi Bit l TAD. Vic chuyn i yu cu cn n thi gian ti thiu l 12 TAD. Ngun xung Clock cho vic chuyn i c la chn bi phn mm. C 7 mc la chn cho php l: + + + + + + + 2 TOSC. 4 TOSC. 8 TOSC. 16 TOSC. 32 TOSC. 64 TOSC. B dao ng ni RC(2-6us).
vic ly mu chnh xc th thi gian ly mu TAD phi ti thiu l 1.6us c chn bi Xung Clock S chuyn i ADECLARE Nu xa Bit Go/Done trong khi ang chuyn i s lm cho vic chuyn i b hy. Khi thanh ghi lu kt qu s khng c cp nht m s gi li kt qu ca ln lu trc .
Hnh 70 S chu k Tad

GVHD_Trn Thu H 54 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Hot ng ca ADECLARE trong qu trnh ng : The A/D module c th hot ng trong ch Sleep. Ci ny i hi ngun xung Clock c t RC (ADECLARES1: ADECLARES0 = 11. Khi ngun xung ni RC c chn th AD i 1 chu k lnh trc khi bt u vic chuyn i. iu ny cho php lnh Sleep c thc thi v s loi tr c nhiu trong qu trnh chuyn i. Khi vic chuyn i hon tt th Bit Go/Done b xa v a kt qu n thanh ghi ADRES. Nu ngt AD cho php th vi iu khin s thot chi ch ng.
Hnh 71 Bng Tng hp cc Bit v Thanh ghi lin quan Giao tip ni tip: USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) l mt trong hai chun giao tip ni tip.USART cn c gi l giao din giao tip ni tip ni tip SCI (Serial Communication Interface). C th s dng giao din ny cho cc giao tip vi cc thit b ngai vi, vi cc vi iu khin khc hay vi my tnh. Cc dng ca giao din USART ngai vi bao gm: + Bt ng b (Asynchronous). + ng b Master mode. + ng b Slave mode. Hai Chn dng cho giao din ny l RC6/TX/CK v RC7/RX/DT, trong RC6/TX/CK dng truyn xung clock (baud rate) v RC7/RX/DT dng truyn data. Trong trng hp ny ta phi set bit TRISC<7:6> v SPEN (RCSTA<7>) cho php giao din USART. PIC16F877A c tch hp sn b to tc baud BRG (Baud Rate Genetator) 8 bit dng cho giao din USART. BRG thc cht l mt b m c th c s dng cho c hai dng ng b v bt ng b v c iu khin bi thanh ghi PSBRG. dng bt ng b, BRG cn c iu khin bi bit BRGH ( TXSTA<2>).
GVHD_Trn Thu H
55 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Thanh ghi TXSTA :
Hnh 72 Cu to thanh ghi TXSTA Bit 7 CSRC : Bit chn ngun xung Ch bt ng b : Khng cn thit Ch ng b : + 1 = Ch Ch ( Pht xung dao ng ni t BRG). + 0 = Ch T ( Xung dao ng ngoi). Bit 6 TX9 : Bit cho php truyn 9 Bit + 1 = Chn ch truyn 9 bit. + 0 = Chn ch truyn 8 bit. Bit 5 TXEN : Bit cho php truyn + 1 = Cho php truyn. + 0 = Khng cho php truyn. Bit 4 SYNC : Bit chn ch USART + 1 = Ch ng b. + 0 = Ch bt ng b. Bit 2 BRGH : Bit chn tc Baud nhanh Ch bt ng b:
+ 1 = Tc nhanh. + 0 = Tc chm. Ch ng b : khng dng. Bit 1 TRMT : Bit trng thi dch truyn thanh ghi + 1 = TSR rng + 0 = TSR y
GVHD_Trn Thu H
56 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Bit 0 TX9D : Bit th 9 ca truyn d liu, c th l bit Parity Thanh ghi RCSTA :
Bit 7 SPEN : Bit cho php Serial Port + 1 = cho php Serial Port ( tc l cu hnh cho RC7/RX/DT v RC6/TX/CK nh chn Serial Port). + 0 = Khng cho php. Bit 6 RX9 : Bit cho php nhn 9-bit. + 1 = Cho php nhn 9-bit. + 0 = Cho php nhn 8-bit . Bit 5 SREN : Bit cho php nhn n c: Ch bt ng b: khng dng. Ch ng b - Master:
+ 1 = cho php nhn n c. + 0 = khng cho php. Ch ng b - Slave: khng cn. Bit 4 CREN: bit cho php nhn tip tc. Ch bt ng b :
+ 1 = cho php nhn tip tc. + 0 = khng cho php nhn tip tc. Ch ng b:
+ 1 = cho php nhn tip n khi bit cho php CREN b xa. + 0 = Khng cho php nhn tip. Bit 3 ADDEN : Bit cho php pht hin a ch Ch bt ng b 9-bit(RX9 = 1) :
+ 1 = cho php pht hin a ch, cho php nht v ti b m nhn khi RSR <8> c SET. + 0 = Khng cho php pht hin a ch, tt c cc Bytes c nhn v Bit th 9 c th c s dng nh l Bit Parity.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 57 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Bit 2 FERR: Framing Error bit + 1 = Framing error (can be updated by reading RCREG register and receive next valid byte). + 0 = No framing error. Bit 2 FERR: bit bo li khung truyn + 1 = Li khung truyn ( c th c cp nht bng cch c thanh ghi RCREG v nhn Byte tip theo). + 0 = Bit 1 OERR : bit bo li trn b nh + 1 = Li trn ( c th xa bng cch xa Bit CREN). + 0 = Khng bo li trn. Bit 0 RX9D: Bit th 9 ca d liu nhn (c th l Bit parity nhng phi c tnh ton bi ngi dng) Bng tc Baud: (BRG = 0)
Bng tc Baud : (BRG = 1)
GVHD_Trn Thu H
58 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Ch truyn bt ng b USART ch truyn ny USART hot ng theo chun NRZ (None-Return-toZero), ngha l cc bit truyn i s bao gm 1 bit Start, 8 hay 9 bit d liu (thng thng l 8 bit) v 1 bit Stop. Bit LSB s c truyn i trc. Cc khi truyn v nhn data c lp vi nhau s dng chung tn s tng ng vi tc baud cho qu trnh dch d liu (tc baud gp 16 hay 64 ln tc dch d liu ty theo gi tr ca bit BRGH), v m bo tnh hiu qu ca d liu th hai khi truyn v nhn phi dng chung mt nh dng d liu. Ch truyn bt ng b c chn bng cch xa Bit SYNC (TXSTA<4>) Module truyn bt ng b USART bao gm : + Pht tc Baud. + Mch ly mu. + B Truyn bt ng b. + B Nhn bt ng . B truyn bt ng b USART :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
59 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Khi truyn bt ng b USART c ch trong hnh di. Trung tm ca b truyn l thanh ghi truyn dch TSR. Thanh ghi dch cha d liu bn trong n t vic c/ghi b m truyn, TXREG. Thanh ghi TXREG c ti vi d liu bn trong phn mm. Thanh ghi TSR khng c ti d liu cho n khi Bit Stop c truyn t ln ti cui cng. Khi Bit Stop c truyn, thanh ghi TSR c ti vo d liu mi t thanh ghi TXREG. Mt khi thanh ghi TXREG truyn d liu n thanh ghi TSR, thanh ghi TXREG trng v bit c, TXIF (PIR<4>), c t.
Hnh 73 S b truyn d liu bt ng b UART Khi ci t cho vic truyn d liu bt ng b. Ta lm nh sau: 1. Khi tao thanh ghi SPBRG cho tc Baud. Nu mun truyn vi tc cao th Bit BRGH 2. Cho php truyn bt ng b qua cng nt bng cch xa Bit SYNC v t Bit SPEN ln 1 3. Nu mun s dng ngt, th cho php t Bit TXIE ln 1 4. nu mun truyn 9-bit th t Bit TX9 ln 1 5. Cho php truyn bng cch t Bit TXEN, m cng s t Bit TXIF ln 1 6. Nu chn ch truyn 9-Bit, Bit th 9 s c ti vo trong Bit TX9D 7. Ti d liu n thanh ghi TXREG(bt u truyn) 8. Nu s dng ngt, th Bit GIE v PEIE(Bit 7,6) ca thanh ghi INTCON c t
GVHD_Trn Thu H
60 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Bng 21 Thanh ghi h tr B nhn bt ng b: Khi nhn c trnh by nh hnh di. D liu nhn trn chn RC7/RX/DT v dn vo khi khi phc d liu. Khi khi phc d liu tht ra l dch d liu tc cao, hot ng nhanh gp 16 ln tc Baud. Mt khi ch bt ng b c chn th vic tip nhn c php bng cch t Bit CREN (RCSTA<4>). Trung tm ca b nhn l thanh ghi dch nhn RSR. Sau khi ly mu Bit Stop d liu nhn trong RSR c truyn n thanh ghi RCREG. Nu vic truyn hon tt th Bit C RCIF ln 1. Ngt tht s cho php hoc khng cho php bng cch t hoc xa Bit RCIE. C RCIF ch l 1 Bit ch c v c x bi phn cng. N c xa khi thanh ghi RCREG c c v hon ton khng c d liu. RCREG l 1 thanh ghi b m i (Bi v n cho 2 Byte d liu c th truyn v nhn ng thi n RCREG FIFO v Byte th 3 bt u c dch chuyn n thanh ghi RSR). Khi pht hin ra Bit Stop ca Byte th 3 ny, Nu thanh ghi RCREG vn cn y th Bit bo li trn OERR(RCSTA<1>), s ln 1. Nhng d liu trong RSR s mt i. V thanh ghi RCREG c th c c 2 ln ly li 2 Byte trong FIFO. Bit bo trn OERR phi c xa trong phn mm.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
61 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Hnh 74 S nhn d liu truyn d liu ta cn lm nhng bc sau : 1. Khi to thanh ghi SPBRG cho vic chn sai s tc Baud. 2. Cho php truyn qua Port ni tip bt ng b bng cch xa Bit SYNC v cho Bit SPEN ln 1. 3. Nu s dng ngt th t Bit RCIE ln 1. 4. Nu nhn 9-Bit th t Bit RX9 ln 1. 5. Cho php nhn bng cch t Bit CREN ln 1. 6. Bit C RCIF s c t khi b nhn hon tt v 1 ngt s c pht i nu Bit RCIE ln 1. 7. c thanh ghi RCSTA ly Bit th 9 . 8. c d liu nhn bng cch c thanh ghi RCREG. 9. Nu xut hin li th xa li bng cch t Bit CREN ln 1. 10. Nu s ng ngt th t Bit GIE v PEIE ca thanh ghi INTCON ln 1.
Bng 22 Thanh ghi lin quan
GVHD_Trn Thu H
62 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
4.4.2. KHI CM BIN: Khi cm bin y l cm bin nhit . V nhit c ghi nhn gi tr thng qua cm bin nhit LM35. Cm bin nhit LM35 s cm bin tc l thu nhn cc gi tr nhit thay i theo thi gian qua cc ng kt ni gi ti PIC16F877A. V ti y, vi iu khin PIC s x l d liu ny ri gi cc thng tin nhit cp nht trn giao din phn mm xy dng. c bit, khi c ha hon th n s t ng gi tin nhn ti ngi ch nh. S nguyn l:
Hnh 75 S kt ni cm bin LM35 vi PIC Gii thiu linh kin : LM 35 l mt cm bin nhit c tch hp sn c chnh xc cao. M ng ra in p l tuyn tnh theo t l vi nhit C v nhit K. LM35 khng yu cu phi c thm mch tinh chnh bn ngoi cung cp chnh xc nhit phng. Cc tnh nng ca LM35: + Tuyn tnh : +10mV/C. + Sai s 0.5C khi t n 25C. + Phm vi o ln t 55 to +150C. + Hot ng t 4 n 30 V.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 63 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
+ Dng cc mng nh hn 60 A.
Hnh 76 S c tnh ca ng dng
Hnh 77 S chn kt ni
GVHD_Trn Thu H
64 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Bng 23 c tnh in ca cm bin LM35 Tnh ton v thit k: Da vo cc c tnh k thut nh trn, nhm thit k khi cm bin da trn cc thng s k thut ca nh sn xut p dng vo ti. Ta kt ni chn s 2 ca cm bin vi ng vo AN0 ca Pic16F877A. Chn 1 c ni ngun 5V nm trong tiu chun t 4 n 30V. Chn 3 ni Ground (t). LM35 c: + in p 0V khi 0C. + in p 0.29V khi 29C. Khi ta chn phn gii 10 bit cho vi iu khin Pic16F877A th c tnh ton nhit nh sau : 29C : Value_ADC = (290mV*1024)/5000mV = 59.392. Khi c gi tr t cm bin LM35 th trong vi iu khin s c gi tr l: Value_ADC = 59.392.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
65 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
V vy mun i ra nhit C th : TC = (59.392 * 5000/1024)/10 = 29. Tc l TC = 59.392 / 2. 4.4.3. KHI GIAO TIP LCD V KEYPAD: S nguyn l :
Hnh 78 S kt ni vi iu khin PIC vi LCD v Keypad Gii thiu linh kin LCD YM1602C : Gii thiu :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
66 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Hnh 79 Hnh dng thc t ca LCD YM1602C (mt trc v mt sau) LCD YM1602C l LCD hin th c 2 hng mi hng hin th c 16 k t. Thng s : + Kch thc hin th : 16x2 dng + Mu hin hin th : en trng + Ch giao tip : 8 hoc 4 bt + C ch hin th : 5x7 hoc 5x10 + S chn : 14 Chn s 1 2 3 Tn VSS VDD Vee Chc nng Chn ni t cho LCD, khi thit ta ni chn ny vi GND ca vi iu khin. Chn cp ngun cho LCD, khi thit k ta ni chn ny vi VCC = 5V ca mch iu khin. Dng iu chnh tng phn cho LCD. Chn chn thanh ghi (register seclect). Ni chn RS xung mc logic 0 (GND) hay 1 (VDD) chn thanh ghi. 4 RS + Mc 0 : Bus DB0-DB7 s ni vi thanh ghi lnh ca LCD ( ch ghi- write)hoc ni vi b m a ch ca LCD ( ch c- read). + Mc 1 : Bus DB0-DB7 s ni vi thanh hgi d liu DR trong LCD. 5 R/W Chn chn ch c/ghi (Read/Write). Ni chn R/S xung mc logic 0 LCD hot ng ch ghi hoc ni R/S ln mc logic 1 LCD hot ng ch c. Chn cho php (Enable). Sau khi cc tin hiu c t ln DB0-DB7. Cc lnh ch c chp nhn khi c mt xung cho php ca chn E. + ch ghi : d liu bus s c LCD chuyn vo (chp nhn) thanh ghi bn trong n khi xut hin mt
GVHD_Trn Thu H
67 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
xung cnh xung (t cao xung thp) ca chn tn hiu E. + ch c : d liu s c LCD xut ra DB0-DB7 khi pht hin cnh ln chn E v d liu s c gi DB0-DB7 cho ti khi no chn E xung mc thp. Tm ng ca bus d liu dng trao i thng tin vi MPU. C hai ch s dng 8 ng bus ny : 7-14 DB0- DB7 + Ch 8 bit : d liu c truyn trn c 8 ng ny, bit MSB vi l bit DB7. + Ch 4 bit : d liu c truyn trn 4 ng DB4 DB7, bit MSB vi l bit DB7.
S chn :
Hnh 80 S chn ca LCD trong thc t
GVHD_Trn Thu H
68 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
S khi :
Hnh 81 Cu trc theo s khi ca LCD Chc nng Ngun cung cp(mc logic) Ngun cung cp(LCD) in p ng vo in p ng ra Dng cung cp Ngun VDD V0 VIH VIL VOH VOL I Ta = 25 HL HL VDD = 3.3 iu Kin Thp nht 4.8 4.5 0.8VDD VSS 0.8VDD VSS Loi 5 4.8 --3 Ln nht 5.2 4.9 VDD 0.2VSS VDD 0.2VSS 5 mA n v V V V V
Bng 24 c tnh in ca LCD Ch Ghi Hot ng Thi gian chu k E Thi gian E
GVHD_Trn Thu H
K hiu tc TR,tF
Thp nht 500 -
Ln nht
n v
20
ns
69 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
ln/xung rng xung E Thi gian thit lp R/W v RS Thi gian gi R/W v RS Thi gian gi d liu Thi gian chu k E Thi gian E ln/xung rng xung E c Thi gian thit lp R/W v RS Thi gian gi R/W v RS Thi gian gi d liu tw tsu1 th2 th2 tc TR,tF tw tsu1 th2 th2 230 40 10 10 500 230 40 10 10 20 ns
Bng 25 c tnh thi gian ca LCD M (hex) 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 A C E F 10 Lnh n thanh ghi ca LCD Xa mn hnh hin th. Tr v u dng. Dch con tr sang tri. Dch con tr sang phi. Dch hin th sang tri. Dch hin th sang phi. Tt con tr, tt hin th. Tt hin th, bt con tr. Bt hin th, tt con tr. Bt hin th, nhp nhy con tr. Tt con tr, nhp nhy con tr. Dch v tr con tr sang tri.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
70 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
14 18 1C 80 CO 38
Dch v tr con tr sang phi. Dch ton b hin th sang tri. Dch ton b hin th sang phi. p con tr v u dng th nht. p con tr v u dng th hai. Hai dng, ma trn 5x7.
Bng 26 Cc lnh iu khin hin th LCD Gii thiu v Key Pad c tnh : + Khi tip xc th dng l 20mA, 5-24VDC. + in tr lc tip xc : 200 . + bn : 1.000.000 ln nhn. + Hot ng nhit : - 20 n 60C.
Kt ni LCD : + Chn VDD ln mc 5V. + Chn VSS xung mc 0V. + Chn V0 vo mt bin tr 20K. + Chn RS v E tng ng RC0 v RC1. + Chn D4D7 c kt ni tng ng RB4RB7. + Chn RW khng s dng v ch dng vi mc ch ghi, khng dng ch c + S dng ch ghi d liu 4bit v 2 hng.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 71 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Kt ni Keypad 3x4 : Ba Ct c ni vi 3 in tr ko ln tng ng R1,R2,R3 u c gi tr bng 10K v ni vo chn RD0-RD2 . Ba din tr ny c cp bi ngun 5V . V 3 chn ny c t l ng vo trong vi iu khin. Bn Hng c ni trc tip vi RD4-RD7 v 4 chn ny c t l ng ra ca vi iu khin. in tr 10K hn dng cho ng vo ca vi iu khin v mc logic ca ct v 0V nu c nhn. Gii thiu linh kin Max232 S chn:
Hnh 82 s chn ca IC Max232
GVHD_Trn Thu H
72 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
S nguyn l:
Hnh 83 S cu to bn trong v kt ni bn ngoi cho Max232 Thng s k thut: + Hot ng vi ngun cung cp 5V. + Tc truyn d liu c th nng ln 120kbit/s. + Hai b m v b nhn. + Mc in p ng vo ln nht + 30V. + Dng vo mc thp 8mA. ng dng : + Battery-Powered Systems + Terminals + Modems + Computers Thng tin m t: Max232 l mt b i driver/receiver (b m/b nhn) m bao gm pht in p in dung cung cp mc in p cho Max232 t mt ngun n 5v. Mi b
GVHD_Trn Thu H 73 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
nhn chuyn ng vo Max232 n mc 5V TTL/CMOS. Nhng b nhn ny c in p ngng l 1.3V v c tnh tr in l 0.5V v c th chp nhn 1 ng vo in p ln nht l + 30V. Cn mi b m chuyn mc ng vo TTL/CMOS thnh mc ng ra Max232. Bng trng thi :
S logic :
Bng c tnh :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
74 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Tnh ton v thit k : T s nguyn l ta thy c : Chn RC6-RC7 ca Pic16F877A c ni tng ng vi chn T1IN(11) v R1OUT(12) ca Max232. T Max232 c cc chn T1OUT(14) v R1IN(13) tng ng ni vi chn s 2(Receiver) v 3(Transmit) ca RS232 DB9 Chn RC6 t Pic16F877A truyn d liu vo chn T1IN tng ng vi mc p TTL v qua b m trong Max232 s nng mc in p thay i tng ng. Mc in p 0V-5V ca Pic16F877A s tng ng vi + 12V ca RS232. Chn T1OUT ca Max232 s ni vi chn 2 ca RS232 nhn d liu vo b m ca my tnh. Tng t, chn RC7 l chn nhn d liu c kt ni vi chn R1OUT(12) ca Max232 v chn R1IN ca Max232 s nhn d liu t chn 3 ca RS232. Lc ny mc p + 12V s c chuyn thnh mc 0-5V TTL. Cc t 10uF c mc theo yu cu bt buc ca nh sn xut.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
75 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
4.4.4. KHI CNG SUT S NGUYN L
Hnh 84 S kt ni ca PIC vi thit b cng sut Gii thiu linh kin : Triac BT136:
Hnh 85 Hnh dng thc t, s mch in v k hiu l thuyt Vi: Chn 1 Miu t Chn u cui 1
76 -
GVHD_Trn Thu H
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
2 3
Chn u cui 2 Gate
Thng tin tra cu nhanh: K hiu VDRM IT(RMS) ITSM Miu t in p ngt mch cc i lp li. Dng in thun RMS Dng in thun khng lp li Max 600 4 25 n v V A A
Cc thng tin cn bit v triac khi s dng: in p phn cc thun v nghch. Dng in cc i. Dng gia IH. p cng v dng cng kch khi. Tc chuyn mch. Triac c th c coi nh SCR lng cc v n c th dn in theo hai chiu. T cu to, ta thy Triac nh c gp bi SCR PNPN dn in theo chiu t trn xung di, kch bi dng cng dng v mt SCR NPNP dn in theo chiu t di ln, kch bi dng cng m. Hai cc cn li T1 v T2 cn c gi l hai u cui chnh. c tuyn V-I ca Triac c dng nh sau:
Hnh 86 c tuyn V-I ca Triac

GVHD_Trn Thu H 77 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Do u T2 dng hn T1, triac dn in ta kch dng cng dng v khi u T2 m hn T1 ta c th kch dng cng m. Tht ra, do s tng tc ca vng bn dn, Triac c ny theo 4 cch khc nhau, c trnh by bng hnh v sau:
Hnh 87 Cc dng ny ca Triac Cch 1 v cch 3 nhy nht, tip theo l cch 2 v cch 4. Do tnh dn in c c hai chiu nn Triac c s dng ph bin trong mch in xoay chiu. Sau y l mt ng dng ca Triac trong mch in xoay chiu:
Hnh 88 Mt ng dng ca Triac trong mch in Opto Moc3020: Opto hay cn gi l cch ly quang l linh kin tch hp c cu to gm 1 led v 1 photo diot hay 1 photo transitor. c s dng cc ly gia cc khi chnh lch nhau v in hay cng sut nhu khi c cng sut nh vi khi in p ln. S mch nguyn l cho opto:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
78 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
Hnh 89 cu trc bn trong ca Opto Moc3020 Nguyn l hot ng: Khi c dng nh di qua 2 u ca led c trong opto lm cho led pht sng. Khi led pht sng lm thng 2 cc ca photo diot, m cho dng in chy qua. Tnh ton v thit k Khi cng sut bao gm: Triac MOC2030, OPTO BT136, Led hin th, in tr 100 v 220 c kt ni nh s trn. in tr 100 : R100 = (Vcc - Vled1 Vled2 )/ 10mA Vi Vled1 v Vled2 u tiu th in p c th pht quang l 2V v dng tng ng l 10mA. in p Vcc l in p ngun 5v : R100 = (5 2 2)/ 10 = 100 in tr 220 : R220 = (Vcc - Vled)/ 10mA Vi Vled tiu th in p l 3V v dng tng ng l 10mA. in p Vcc l in p ngun 5v : R220 = (5 3)/ 10mA = 200 Ta c th chn 220 v trong thc t khng c in tr 200 R4 l in tr hn dng vn c trong mch kch triac dng MOC3020 Khi ti c tnh cm, v d thng l ng c, th cn c R5 v C7 nhm gim thiu bin ng in p qu ln (dv/dt) khi ct ti khi li. MOC3020 ch c th chu c tc bin thin in p ti a khong hn mt chc Volt/micro giy. Nu qu ngng th s khng n. Khi ti l thun tr, s bin thin ca in p ch n thun l s thay i hnh sin ca in p li vi tn s 50/60Hz, dv/dt trong trng hp ny l nh, khng cn R5 v C7. Khi ti c tnh cm, s bin thin in p c bit
GVHD_Trn Thu H 79 -
n tt nghip
Chng 4 Thit K
ln khi ct ti khi li, dv/dt v th c th rt ln, phi dng R5 v C7 hn ch, m bo trong di cho php ca linh kin.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
80 -
n tt nghip
Chng 5 Xy Dng Phn Mm iu Khin
CHNG 5
XY DNG PHN MM IU KHIN

5.1. XY DNG PHN MM IU KHIN CHO PHN CNG Phn mm iu khin cho phn cng l chng trnh iu khin np vo cho PIC 16F877A. Khi PIC16F877A c np chng trnh iu khin, kt hp vi cc ngoi vi khc th PIC s t ng x l cc d liu m n nhn c nh nhit , cc tin nhn iu khin gi ti Phn mm tng ng lp trnh cho PIC l Pic Basic pro. y l mt ngn ng lp trnh n gin, d hiu, d ng dng. LU NHN D LIU V C NHIT
GVHD_Trn Thu H
81 -
n tt nghip
Gii thch: Trong phn mm Picbasic Pro, phn khi to ADC cho Pic tht n gin. Nhm s dng phn gii 10bit, lu kt qu bn tri ca 2 thanh ghi kt qu. Thi gian ly mu 50us v s dng knh RA0 lm chn nhn tn d liu. ADIN_RES 10 ' ket qua 10 bit ADIN_STIME 50 ' thoi gian lay mau TRISA.0 = 1 'kenh RA0 nhan tin hieu ADCON1 = %10001110' chon ket qua 10bit ben trai cua thanh ghi ket qua ADCON0 = %11000001 'chon xung noi,RA0,va ADON = 1 Sau ta bt u nhn d liu t my tnh truyn xung thc hin cc yu cu tt m n. Tip theo cho nhn nhit t chn RA0 v gi nhit ln phn mm ca my tnh. LU GIAO TIP KEYPAD V LCD:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
82 -
n tt nghip
Gii thch: Trong phn mm Picbasic Pro h tr rt y cho vic qut phm cng nh khi to cho vic ghi d liu ra LCD n gin nht vi vi dng lnh. Khi qut phm th kim tra cc hng ca ma trn phm c khc s hex F0 hay khng. Nu kim tra khc th c ngha l c phm c nhn. Lc ny chng trnh thc hin chng trnh ly m phm c nhn sau xut m phm ra LCD. V mt khu ta t ra c 4 s nn vic kim tra nhn s c thc hin 4 ln. Sau xc nhn 4 s ny bng cch
GVHD_Trn Thu H 83 -
n tt nghip
nhn nt Enter, nu mt khu nhp vo l ng vi mt khu t trc th s thc hin m ca v n Open sng. Ngc li nu sai mt khu 3 ln th s b kha phm v n Lock sng. Trong lc nhn phm nu mun xa phm v tr v ban u th bm Clear. Khi phm b kha th cc phm khng s dng c k c phm Clear. Nu nhn c yu cu m ca t phn mm th n Open sng. Sau khi b kha phm ta ch c th m ca bng cch son tin nhn Open v gi n cho phn mm x l ri phn mm mi gi yu cu m ca n cho vi iu khin Pic. 5.2. XY DNG PHN MM IU KHIN TRN MY TNH YU CU GIAO DIN PHN MM TRN MY TNH: Giao din c trnh by p mt D dng cho vic s dng Ngn ng giao din phn mm c th ph hp cho nhiu i tng. Hin th y cc thng tin ca cc thit b
T nhng yu cu trn nhm lm ti chn ngn ng lp trnh ph hp l VB.net (Visual Basic. net). Vi nhng tnh nng ca VB.net, n c th p ng nhng yu cu trn mt cch d dng v tt nht. YU CU CHNG TRNH PHN MM XY DNG Phn mm xy dng phi p ng tt vi yu cu. Phn mm xy dng phi bt tay tt vi phn cng v hot ng n nh.
LU GII THUT TNG QUT CHNG TRNH CHNH
GVHD_Trn Thu H
84 -
n tt nghip
GVHD_Trn Thu H
85 -
n tt nghip
Gii thch: B phn mm lp trnh Visual Basic 2008 c tch hp cc Timer phc v ngt cho nhiu cng vic. Khi ta ci t gi tr thi gian th khi n ng khong thi gian ny th Timer s nhy n chng trnh cn thc thi. i vi Ngt Timer1: Thi gian ci t cho vic thc thi ny l mi mt giy s quay li thc hin 1 ln. Thc hin m cng cho vic kt ni vi in thoi kim tra c tin nhn yu cu n hay cha th cn truyn lnh c tin nhn cho cng Com ca in thoi, lc in thoi s tr li vi phn mm rng tin nhn c hay khng mt cch t ng. Nu mt tin nhn c gi n th phn mm s kim tra ng s in thoi ci t hay khng. Nu s in thoi khng ng th phn mm s khng thc hin. Ngc li phn mm s gi yu cu n cho Pic tt m cc thit b. Trong khi mun kim tra trng thi ca thit b th cn nhn mt tin yu cu Status. i vi Ngt Timer3: Thi gian ngt ny c t c mi 5s th quay li thc thi. Thc hin m cng Com RS232. Sau ta cn khi to cho vic v biu bng phn mm Graphic Server.Net, phn mm ny h tr vic v biu trn nn .Net. Ta cn khi to mng cha d liu cn v, mc nh y l nhit , mng ny cha 6 phn t nhit tng ng vi mc thi gian 10s60s. Sau thc hin vic nhn nhit cn v v gn vo 6 phn t ny.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
86 -
n tt nghip
LU CHNG TRNH CON C NHIT
Gii thch: Khi c m cng th tng ng vi thi gian Timer1. Nhit c nhn vo thng qua cng nhn RS232. Phn mm s nhn nhit sau d s hin th trn Form ca phn mm. Nu phn mm nhn c nhit qu cao so vi bnh thng th lc ny n s gi tn nhn bo cho cc c quan thm quyn v ch nhn v thc hin vic ct cc thit b trong nh m bo cho an ton h thng in.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
87 -
n tt nghip
LU CI T LCH LM VIC (SCHEDULE TASKS) Lu lc load Form:
Gii thch: Mc ch chnh ca lu ny l khi ta t lch lm vic vo 1 list box th khi tt Form ny i sau bt li trong list box s hin li nhng g mnh t trc . Cng vic y c thc hin bng vic lu ni dung t vo 1 file Text. Sau khi load Form th thc hin vic c li file Text ly li ni dung ci t v a vo list box.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
88 -
n tt nghip
Lu thc hin nt bm:
Gii thch: + Nt Add c chc nng thm s kin vo mt list box tin vic theo di. + Nt Clear xa ni dung trong list box ci t li cc s kin. + Nt Confirm c nhim v a cc s kin vo hot ng v lu cc s kin vo mt file Text lu tr cc s kin khi tt Form. + Nt Exit thot chng trnh.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
89 -
n tt nghip
Chng 6 Thi Cng
CHNG 6
THI CNG
6.1. THI CNG PHN CNG Trong qu trnh thi cng phn cng, nhm thc hin ti s s phn mm kh thng dng trong lnh vc thit k board mch in t. l phn mm Orcad. Phn mm ny l phn mm thit k rt mnh phc v vic thit k. N p ng tt cc k thut cn thit lm mt board mch in t hon chnh. Board mch thi cng c v trn hai lp. l lp TOP v lp BOTTOM. Nh vy vic cho phn cng tr ln d dng, p v m bo tnh n nh ca mch.
Hnh 90 S b tr linh kin trn board mch
GVHD_Trn Thu H
90 -
n tt nghip
Chng 6 Thi Cng
Hnh 91 S chy dy linh kin ca mch trn lp TOP
GVHD_Trn Thu H
91 -
n tt nghip
Chng 6 Thi Cng
Hnh 92 S chy dy linh kin trn lp BOTTOM Sau khi board c v bng phn mm Orcad, c thi cng v kim tra th mch p ng tt cc yu cu v mt thm m v k thut. Mch c cu trc p, sp xp linh kin hp l v quan trng hn l mch chy, hot ng n nh trong thc t.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
92 -
n tt nghip
Chng 6 Thi Cng
Hnh 93 Mch phn cng thi cng hon chnh
GVHD_Trn Thu H
93 -
n tt nghip
Chng 6 Thi Cng
6.2.
GIAO DIN PHN MM TRN MY TNH
Vi vic s dng phn mm VB.net, giao din phn mm sau khi c xy dng xong c giao din p, bt mt, d x dng, p ng c yu cu ca ti.
Hnh 94 Giao din iu khin, hin th ca phn mm trn my tnh
GVHD_Trn Thu H
94 -
n tt nghip
Chng 7 Kt Lun
CHNG 7
KT LUN
7.1. TM TT Sau hn su tun thc hin k t lc nhn ti, bng s n lc c gng ca bn thn mi c nhn v s phn chia, phi hp cng vic hp l, cht ch, nhp nhng gia mi thnh vin ca nhm, bn cnh cn l s hng dn nhit tnh, tn tm ca c Trn Thu H, quyn n ny c hon thnh ng thi gian nh nh v t c yu cu t ra theo yu cu l thit k v thi cng h thng iu khin thit b in t xa qua tin nhn SMS. Trong qu trnh thc hin ti, chng em thu c nhng kt qu nht nh nh sau: Mch in vi cc module nh trn mch c thit k, thi cng hon chnh v c th nghim nhiu ln v thot ng n nh trong thc t. Phn mm xy dng cho tng module nh tng ng cng nh giao din hin th, iu khin cho ton h thng c xy dng vi giao din thn thin, d s dng vi hai ngn ng ting Anh v ting Vit, v hot ng tt. Trong quyn n ny, ngi thc hin trnh by kh y v chc nng, cu trc ca tng khi module nh trn board mch in tch hp v phn mm tng ng. Nh vy, gip ngi c c th nm bt, hiu c chc nng ca tng module mt cch d dng. Bn cnh , ni dung ca ti c trnh by kh chi tit r rng bng cch s dng nhng t ng thng dng, cc hnh nh i km gip ngi c d hiu v c th thc hin mt cch tng t, t hiu qu trong mt thi gian ngn. H thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS c thc hin nh trong ti l mt h thng vi cc chc nng t c nh sau: H thng c th iu khin c thit b in t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS. + Sau khi gi tin nhn th vi ni dng tin nhn , b x l s thc thi qu trnh x l, sau l iu khin thit b mt cch t ng. + Tin nhn c gi i t ngi ch nh iu khin thit b in v ngi ch nh cng nhn c tin nhn tr ngc li vi ni dng tin nhn l tnh trng hin ti ca cc thit b cng nh nhit ca ngi nh. + H thng c kh nng c bo v tt, ngha l ngi s dng phi bit mt khu (password) th mi ng nhp c vo h thng i vi s dng tin nhn SMS v i vi ca ra vo th cng phi ng nhp mt khu thng qua keypad mi vo c trong nh. + H thng c kh nng t hot ng nu nh ngi s dng c ci t lch lm vic cho h thng.
GVHD_Trn Thu H 95 -
n tt nghip
Chng 7 Kt Lun
Giao din phn mm xy dng iu khin v hin th trng thi thit b ca h thng c xy dng vi giao din thn thin, chi tit, p mt, d dng cho ngi s dng vi c hai ngn ng ting Anh v ting Vit. Ngi dng ch cn c nhng kin thc c bn v h thng l c th s dng c phn mm ny. H thng c chc nng cnh bo s c + Khi module cm bin nhit c thit k, lp trnh kt hp vi trung tm x l c kh nng gi thng tin d liu nhit ti trung tm x l. Ngoi ra cn c kh nng gi tin nhn ngc li cho ch nh v t ng thi hnh cc thao tc c lp trnh sn khi c ha hon sy ra. H thng c giao din phn mm hin th cc thng tin d liu tng t (analog). + Hin th nhit trn giao din phn mm, c xy dng dng biu theo thi gian gip ngi ch nh c th a ra cc iu chnh thch hp cho ngi nh. thc hin c cc chc nng nu trn, nhm thc hin tm hiu, nghin cu cc vn c lin quan ti ti nh : h PIC 16F877A, phng php o nhit , phng php chuyn tn hiu tng t sang tn hiu s, cc ngn ng lp trnh tng ng nh PICBASIC PRO, b lnh AT Command dnh cho in thoi, VB.net v cc vn khc lin quan ti ti. Ni dung chnh ca ti bao gm nhng phn chnh sau: Phn kin thc: Trnh by cch thc giao tip v truyn d liu. Cch ng dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Cc k thut kt ni thit b vi thit b iu khin trung tm, vi my tnh. Phn thit k thi cng: Xy dng s khi cho ton h thng. Thit k h thng phn cng ph hp vi yu cu ca ti. Xy dng lu gii thut. Xy dng phn mm tng ng. Thi cng, lp rp, hn mch v kim tra. Cui cng, theo nhn nh ch quan ca nhm thc hin n th quyn n ny c hon thnh ng thi gian cho php v trnh by kh y cc mng kin thc lin quan, cc vn lin qua ti ti. Song do nhng iu kin khch quan, ti ny ch thc hin mt phn nh i vi vic iu khin cho mt ngi nh
GVHD_Trn Thu H 96 -
n tt nghip
Chng 7 Kt Lun
hon chnh. l o v hin th nhit , kh nng bo chy, iu khin hai thit b cng sut. 7.2. HNG PHT TRIN TI: Do thi gian thc hin ti c hn v lng kin thc c nhn mi thnh vin ca nhm l nht nh nn ti thc hin xong ch p ng c mt phn nh ca mt h thng hon chnh. V vy, ti ny thm phong ph hn, mang nhiu tnh thc t hn na, c kh nng ng dng cao hn th ti cn a thm vo nhng yu cu nh sau: Ngoi vic gim st trn my tnh, ta cng c th iu khin Camera chp hnh ri sau gi tin nhn a phng tin n in thoi. Lc ny ta cn kt ni 1 Modem GSM thay th cho vic kt ni in thoi trong ti v nhng u im ca n. Ngoi vic iu khin cc thit b trong nh v thit b dn dng, ta cn c th s dng tin nhn SMS truy cp vo c s d liu SQL ca WinCC v iu khin cc my mc cng nghip thng qua phn mm ny. Lc ny ta cn xy dng giao din phn mm kt ni vi SQL ca WinCC v lp trnh cho WinCC ly c s d liu thc hin cc yu cu. S dng thm nhiu loi cm bin khc kt hp vi cm bin nhit , chng hn nh cm bin m khng kh, v tt c cc thng s ny nn c hin th trn cng mt giao din phn mm. Nh th ngi dng c th hnh dung ra c ton b khng gian trong ngi nh. M rng iu khin c nhiu hn na cc thit b trong nh. Phn cng cho mi module cn c tch ri nhm d dng cho vic chnh sa, thay i. ti khng nhng ch p dng cho vi cc ta nh m nn c m rng p dng i vi iu khin cc thit b s dng ni cng cng. Hy vng vi nhng hng pht trin nu trn cng vi nhng tng khc ca cc ng nghip, ca ngi c- nhng ngi i sau - s pht trin hn na ti ny, khc phc nhng hn ch, tn ti ca ti, lm cho ti tr nn phong ph hn, mang tnh ng dng cao hn vo trong thc t cuc sng, phc v cho nhng li ch ca con ngi trong tng lai.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
97 -
n tt nghip
PHN C
PH LC
GVHD_Trn Thu H
98 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
I.
PHN MM VB.NET 1. GII THIU
Ngn ng BASIC (Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) c t nm 1964. BASIC rt d hc v d dng. Trong vng 15 nm u, c rt nhiu chuyn gia tin hc v cng ty to cc chng trnh thng dch (Interpreters) v bin dch (Compilers) cho ngn ng lm BASIC tr nn rt ph thng. Nm 1975, Microsoft tung ra th trng sn phm u tay Microsoft BASIC v tip Quick BASIC (cn gi l QBASIC) v thnh cng rc r. Quick BASIC pht trin trong nn Windows nhng vn kh khn khi to giao din kiu Windows. Sau nhiu nm, Microsoft bt u tung ra 1 sn phm mi cho php ta kt hp ngn ng d hc BASIC v mi trng pht trin lp trnh vi giao din bng hnh nh (Graphic User Interface - GUI) trong Windows. l Visual Basic Version 1.0. S cho i ca Visual Basic Version 1.0 vo nm 1991 tht s thay i b mt lp trnh trong Cng Ngh Tin Hc. Trc , ta khng c 1 giao din bng hnh nh (GUI) vi mt IDE (Integrated Development Environment) gip cc chuyn gia lp trnh tp trung cng sc v th g vo cc kh khn lin h n doanh nghip ca mnh. Mi ngi phi t thit k giao din qua th vin c sn Windows API (Phng php Aplication Programming Interface) trong nn Windows. iu ny to ra nhng tr ngi khng cn thit lm phc tp vic lp trnh. Visual Basic gip ta b qua nhng h ly , chuyn gia lp trnh c th t v cho mnh giao din cn thit trong ng dng ( Phng php Aplication) 1 cch d dng v nh vy, tp trung n lc gii p cc vn cn gii quyt trong doanh nghip hay k thut. Ngoi ra, cn nhiu cng ty ph pht trin thm cc khun mu (modules), cng c (tools, controls) hay ng dng (phng php Application) ph gip di hnh thc VBX cng thm vo giao din chnh cng lc cng thm phong ph. Khi Visual Basic phin bn 3.0 c gii thiu, th gii lp trnh li thay i ln na. K ny, ta c th thit k cc ng dng (aPhng phplication) lin h n C S D Liu (Database) trc tip tc ng (interact) n ngi dng qua DAO (Data Access Object). ng dng ny thng gi l ng dng tin din (front-end phng php application) hay trc din. Phin bn 4.0 v 5.0 m rng kh nng VB nhm n H iu Hnh Windows 95. Phin bn 6.0 a ra 1 phng php mi i vi C S D Liu (Database) qua s kt hp ca ADO (Active Data Object). ADO cn gip cc chuyn gia pht trin mng ni vi C S D Liu (Database) khi dng Active Server Pages (ASP).Visual Basic.NET (VB.NET) l ngn ng lp trnh khuynh hng i tng (Object Oriented Programming Language) do Microsoft thit k li t con s khng. Visual Basic.NET
GVHD_Trn Thu H 99 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
(VB.NET) khng k tha VB6 hay b sung, pht trin t VB6 m l mt ngn ng lp trnh hon ton mi trn nn Microsoft 's .NET Framework. Do , n cng khng phi l VB phin bn 7. Tht s, y l ngn ng lp trnh mi v rt mnh, khng nhng lp nn tng vng chc theo kiu mu i tng nh cc ngn ng lp trnh hng mnh khc vang danh C++, Java m cn d hc, d pht trin v cn to mi c hi hon ho gip ta gii p nhng vn khc mc khi lp trnh. Hn na, d khng kh khn g khi cn tham kho, hc hi hay o su nhng g xy ra bn trong ... hu trng Visual Basic.NET (VB.NET) gip ta i ph vi cc phc tp khi lp trnh trn nn Windows v do , ta ch tp trung cng sc vo cc vn lin quan n d n, cng vic hay doanh nghip m thi. 2. CC TP LNH S DNG Ngi lp trnh dng Microsofts.NET Framework c th s dng SerialPort class truy cp vo thit b cng COM. Nhng ng dng c th s dng thuc tnh, nhng phng php v s kin ca class truy cp m khng phi dng n lp trnh mc thp hoc Window API . Truy cp n PORT truy cp vo cng COM, ta t cc tham s truyn tin, v m mt kt ni n cng . Tm Cng GetPortNames ca lp SerialPort l phng php tr v 1 mng tn ca tt c cng COM ca h thng. Cc yu t ca mng khng c m bo l nhng ch ci . Phng php Sort c th sp xp li nu cn . VB Dim nameArray() As String khai bo bin namArray nameArray = SerialPort.GetPortNames nhn d liu vo nameArray. Array.Sort(nameArray) sp xp cc ch ci.
M Cng Trc khi truyn tin qua 1 cng th ng dng phi m 1 kt ni n SerialPort . Dng phng php OPEN s dng nhng thng s c ch nh hay thng s mc dnh cha c ch nh trc :
COM1.OPEN()
ngn nga nhng iu khng mong mun, ng dng c th c thuc tnh IsOpen ca cng kim tra l cng ang ng trc khi m cng
GVHD_Trn Thu H
100 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
VB
If (Not COM1.IsOpen) Then COM1.Open() End If
TIMEOUT L thi gian m cng cha mun nhn hoc gi d liu th n s thot ra VB myComPort.ReadTimeout = 3000 myComPort.WriteTimeout = 5000 Gi tr mc nh ca cng SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout, khng bao gi ht thi gian. Receive Threshold (Nhn gi tr ngng) S kin DataReceived cho bit c ng dng ang c d liu vo b m nhn hay khng . Thuc tnh ReceivedBytesThreshold xc nh xem c bao nhiu Byte c c mt trc khi xy ra s kin . Mc dnh l 1 byte . Nu bn t thuc tnh vi s qu ln Close Port Mt ng dng m hon tt vic truyn tin th cng s ng v tr cng cho ng dng khc . Phng php Close s ng cng v xa b m truyn, nhn . Phng php Dispose s ng cng v gii phng cc ngun ang dc s dng n c th m cng li ngay sau khi ng cng. Trc khi ng th nn xem xt xem cng ang ng hay cha. Khi Cng ang truyn m ta thc hin ng cng c th s gy ra li h thng . trnh iu ny th ta phi i tt c d liu c truyn xong trc khi ng cng. Thuc tnh WriteTimeout c s dng, v khi time out th BytetoWrite ca cng c t v 0, iu ny s khng xy ra li khi ng cng . If (Not (COM1 Is Nothing)) Then nu cng tn ti If COM1.IsOpen Then nu cng ang m Do While (COM1.BytesToWrite > 0) d liu ang truyn Loop COM1.Dispose() truyn xong th ng cng v xa b m End If End If C mt cch khc ng cng l s dng khi Using End Using Using COM1 As New SerialPort
GVHD_Trn Thu H 101 -
VB
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
COM1.PortName = "COM1" COM1.BaudRate = 9600 COM1.Open() COM1.WriteLine("hello") End Using ;sau khi truyn xong th t ng ng cng v xa m Ch : ng cng mt mt khong thi gian nn cn delay trc khi m li cng. Transmit data (Truyn d liu) NetFrameWork h tr nhiu phng php cho c v gi d liu cng COM Lp SerialPort cung cp phng php c v ghi ra Port . ng dng cng c th s dng thuc tnh BaseStream ca SerialPort cha BinaryReader, BinaryWriter, StreamReader, and StreamWriter Loi d liu c bn cho d liu cng COM l loi d liu mng Oject Method Write Serial Port Write line Write Byte Data Type Byte array, Char array or subarray, String String+NewLine. NewLine or NewLiney. Byte Blocking Yes Yes Yes
Trong nhng ng dng truyn nhng d liu dng TEXT, c s lng ln hn Byte. Ta c lp SerialPort bao gm phng php m ha v gii m nhng d liu loi ny. Cho v d, nhng ng dng m mun gi CMD1: VB Dim datatosend(4) As Byte Datatosend(0) = Asc(C) Datatosend(1) = Asc(M) Datatosend(2) = Asc(D) Datatosend(3) = Asc(1) COM1.write(datatosend,0,4) VB Dim datatosend As String Datatosend = CMD1 COM1.Writeline (datatosend) l phng thc truyn mng k t theo lnh Write Ta c th truyn 1 chui nh trn vi lnh Writeline Cn truyn theo Byte th c WriteByte c d liu t Port
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Lp SerialPort cung cp 5 gii php c mt vn bn. Phng php ReadExisting tr v ni dung ca mt chui tt c cc k t c trong b m nhn c. Nu b m rng, th phng php s tr v 1 chui rng tng t. Dim receivedText as String receivedText = myComPort.ReadExisting Phng php ReadLine l c tt c cc d liu nhn c cho n khi gp k t xung dng mi: Dim receivedText as String receivedText = myComPort.ReadLine Chui tr v cha mi d liu cho n khi cp nht Newline. K t NewLine c g b chi b m nhn. Nu n m nhn khng cha ng mt NewLine, th Phng php s i n khi c gi tr ReadTimeout Phng php ReadTo cng ging nh ReadLine nhng cho php xc nh mt vi gi tr nh du phn cch Phng php Read co th sao chp k t nhn cho trc thnh dng k t mng ti a ch OffSet t trc V d ny ta cho c n 3 k t nhn, v lu tr nhng Bytes ny bt u ti a ch Offset 0 trong mng Byte, v hin th ra kt qu: Dim charBuffer(7) As Char Dim count As Integer myComPort.Read(charBuffer, 0, 3) For count = 0 To 2 Console.WriteLine(CStr(charBuffer(count))) Next count Nu b m nhn cha cc k t a,b,c th s hin th nh sau S Bytes nhn = 3 a b c Nhng k t m c c th khng cn trong b m nhn. Khi c mt mng Byte, phng php Read lu tr mt Byte trong mi phn t ca mng.
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Khi c mt mng K t th phng php read lu tr d liu nhn nh k t Unicode. Mi phn t trong mng k t biu din cho mt k t. Phng php ReaDECLAREhar c 1 k t n t b m nhn. Phng php ny tr v mt s nguyn m cha mt k t c m ha. Dim charToRead As Integer charToRead = myComPort.ReaDECLAREhar() Console.WriteLine(ChrW(charToRead)) 3. GIAO DIN CHNG TRNH IU KHIN Giao din lc ng nhp:
Gii thiu cc thnh phn : Khung Username : nhp tn ngi dng, mc nh l SPKT Khung Password : nhp mt m do ngi dng t, mc nh l 1234. Ta c th thay i trong chng trnh chnh. Khi nhp sai tn v mt khu trong 3 ln th chng trnh s t tt. Ch : khi trong qu trnh ng nhp khng c bm du X thot ra. V khi ng nhp th chng trnh chnh vn c Load ln nhng cc chc nng c n i nn mun tt chng trnh th bm nt Cancel Lp trnh :
ImportsSystem.IO PublicClassLoginForm1 PublicusernameAsString PublicpasswordAsString GVHD_Trn Thu H 104 -
n tt nghip PubliciAsInteger PrivateSubOK_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAs System.EventArgs)HandlesOK.Click DimpwAsNewStreamReader("password.txt") password=pw.ReadLine pw.Close() IfUsernameTextBox.Text=usernameThen IfPasswordTextBox.Text=passwordThen form1.Enabled=True form1.username=Me.username Me.Close() EndIf Else i=i1
Ph Lc
MsgBox("Bncn"&""&i&""&"lnnhp",MsgBoxStyle.Information, "ThngBo") EndIf Ifi=0Then form1.Close() Me.Close() EndIf EndSub PrivateSubCancel_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAs System.EventArgs)HandlesCancel.Click Me.Close() My.Forms.form1.Close() EndSub PrivateSubLoginForm1_Load(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAs System.EventArgs)HandlesMyBase.Load i=3 username="SPKT" EndSub GVHD_Trn Thu H 105 -
n tt nghip EndClass
Ph Lc
4. GIAO DIN CHNH LC CHA KT NI THIT B
5. CHNG TRNH C TIN NHN V TRUYN D LIU IU KHIN CHO PIC

Public bitspersecond As Integer Public databits As Integer Public parity As String Public stopbit As String Public handshaking As String Khai bo bin SerialPort1.BaudRate = ComboBox3.Text SerialPort1.PortName = ComboBox1.Text SerialPort2.PortName = ComboBox2.Text SerialPort2.BaudRate = bitspersecond SerialPort2.DataBits = databits If stopbit = "None" Then SerialPort2.StopBits = StopBits.None
GVHD_Trn Thu H
106 -
n tt nghip If stopbit = "One" Then SerialPort2.StopBits = StopBits.One If stopbit = "Two" Then SerialPort2.StopBits = StopBits.Two If parity = "None" Then SerialPort2.Parity = Ports.Parity.None If parity = "Odd" Then SerialPort2.Parity = Ports.Parity.Odd If parity = "Even" Then SerialPort2.Parity = Ports.Parity.Even If handshaking = "None" Then SerialPort2.Handshake = Handshake.None
Ph Lc
If handshaking = "XOnOff" Then SerialPort2.Handshake = Handshake.XOnXOff If handshaking = "RequestToSend" Then SerialPort2.Handshake = Handshake.RequestToSend chn thuc tnh If Not SerialPort1.IsOpen Then SerialPort1.Open() End If If (Not SerialPort2.IsOpen) Then SerialPort2.Open() End If time.Text = TimeOfDay If light1.Text = "Open" Then trangthai1 = "off" If light1.Text = "Close" Then trangthai1 = "on" If light2.Text = "Open" Then trangthai2 = "off" If light2.Text = "Close" Then trangthai2 = "on" If light3.Text = "Open" Then trangthai3 = "off" If light3.Text = "Close" Then trangthai3 = "on" If light4.Text = "Open" Then trangthai4 = "off" If light4.Text = "Close" Then trangthai4 = "on" If light5.Text = "Open" Then trangthai5 = "off" If light5.Text = "Close" Then trangthai5 = "on" If light6.Text = "Open" Then trangthai6 = "off" If light6.Text = "Close" Then trangthai6 = "on" If light7.Text = "Open" Then trangthai7 = "off" If light7.Text = "Close" Then trangthai7 = "on" If light8.Text = "Open" Then trangthai8 = "off" GVHD_Trn Thu H 107 -
n tt nghip If light8.Text = "Close" Then trangthai8 = "on" truyn lnh iu khin xung Pic16F877A If SerialPort1.IsOpen Then Dim RC As String
Ph Lc
SerialPort1.Write("at+cmgl=" & """" & "REC UNREAD" & """" & vbCrLf) RC = SerialPort1.ReadExisting If InStr(RC, phonenumbers(0)) Then thoi ci sn SerialPort1.Write("at+csms=1" + vbCrLf) SerialPort1.WriteLine("at+cmgs=" + """" + phonenumbers(0) + """" + vbCrLf + "Report :light1" & trangthai1 & ",light2" & trangthai2 & ",temperature : " & TextBox1.Text + Char.ConvertFromUtf32(26) + vbCrLf) SerialPort1.DiscardOutBuffer() End If If InStr(RC, "open") Or InStr(RC, "Open") Then SerialPort2.WriteLine(222) End If If InStr(RC, "light1") Or InStr(RC, "Light1") Then PictureBox1.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light1.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(1 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light2") Or InStr(RC, "Light2") Then PictureBox2.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light2.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(2 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light3") Or InStr(RC, "Light3") Then Piclight3.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light3.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(3 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light4") Or InStr(RC, "Light4") Then Piclight4.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light4.Text = trangthai GVHD_Trn Thu H 108 - 'kim tra s in
If InStr(RC, "status") Or InStr(RC, "Status") Then
n tt nghip SerialPort2.WriteLine(4 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light5") Or InStr(RC, "Light5") Then
Ph Lc
Piclight5.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light5.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(5 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light6") Or InStr(RC, "Light6") Then Piclight6.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light6.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(6 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light7") Or InStr(RC, "Light7") Then Piclight7.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light7.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(7 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "light8") Or InStr(RC, "Light8") Then Piclight8.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" + den + ".jpg" light8.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(8 & bit) End If If InStr(RC, "all light") Then PictureBox2.ImageLocation = path & "\den1" & den & ".jpg" light1.Text = trangthai light2.Text = trangthai light3.Text = trangthai light4.Text = trangthai light5.Text = trangthai light6.Text = trangthai light7.Text = trangthai light8.Text = trangthai SerialPort2.WriteLine(12 & bit) SerialPort1.WriteLine("at+cmgs=" + """" + phonenumbers(0) + """" + vbCrLf + "Report : all light " + den + Char.ConvertFromUtf32(26) + vbCrLf) SerialPort1.DiscardOutBuffer() End If GVHD_Trn Thu H 109 -
n tt nghip End If
Ph Lc
6. CHNG TRNH C NHIT , BO NG V V TH

Dim c As String Dim nhietdo as string Dim h as integer If SerialPort2.IsOpen Then SerialPort2.WriteLine(100) c = SerialPort2.ReadExisting nhietdo = Mid$(c, 1, 2) a = Mid(c, 3, 1) TextBox1.Text = nhietdo & "*C" SerialPort2.WriteLine(200) SerialPort2.DiscardInBuffer() End If If nhietdo > "80" Then Timer2.Interval = 5000 Timer2.Enabled = True PictureBox3.ImageLocation = path & "\den1on.jpg" Else PictureBox3.ImageLocation = path & "\den1off.jpg" Timer2.Enabled = False End If End If Me.GsNetWinChart1.Chart.ChartType = ChartType.Bar2D Me.GsNetWinChart1.Chart.ChartTitle.Text = "Biu Nhit Theo Giy" Dim data As ArrayDataProvider = New ArrayDataProvider(dulieu) Dim myseries As Series = New Series("Nhit ") myseries.BindComponent(SeriesComponent.Y, data, "My Field") Me.GsNetWinChart1.Chart.RemoveAllSeries() Me.GsNetWinChart1.Chart.AddSeries(myseries) h = Convert.ToInt64(nhietdo) dulieu(i) = h If nhietdo >= "80" Then PictureBox3.ImageLocation = path & "\den1on.jpg" Else : PictureBox3.ImageLocation = path & "\den1off.jpg" End If GVHD_Trn Thu H 110 -
n tt nghip End If timer 2 hot ng khi nhit trn 80
Ph Lc
chng trnh gi tin nhn bo ng mi 5s v tt thit b Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick SerialPort1.Write("at+csms=1" + vbCrLf) SerialPort1.WriteLine("at+cmgs=" + """" + phonenumbers(0) + """" + vbCrLf + "ALARM , HOME IS TOO HOT,temperature: " + nhietdo + Char.ConvertFromUtf32(26) + vbCrLf) SerialPort1.DiscardOutBuffer() SerialPort2.WriteLine(120) End Sub
7. CC MODULE TRN GIAO DIN IU KHIN CHNG TRNH MODULE Serial Port Setting: GII THIU
Modem_Portname : chn cng kt ni cho in thoi Modem_Baudrate : chn tc ng b ca thit b RS232_Portname : chn cng kt ni vi RS232 Nt Property cho php lc chn thuc tnh nh sau :
GVHD_Trn Thu H
111 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Trn giao din s c nt Default.. a cc thuc tnh iu khin v mc nh. Nu thit b c thng s khc th c th la chn sau bm nt OK ng v Cancel hy b la chn Lp trnh cho Module Serial Port Setting
Public Class properties Public i As Integer Private Sub OK_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles OK.Click Try If i = 1 Then form1.bitspersecond = 2400 form1.databits = 8 form1.stopbit = "One" form1.parity = "None" form1.handshaking = "None" Me.Close() End If If i = 0 Then form1.bitspersecond = baudrate.Text form1.databits = data.Text form1.stopbit = stopbit.Text GVHD_Trn Thu H 112 -
n tt nghip form1.parity = parity.Text form1.handshaking = Handshaking.Text Me.Close() End If Catch MsgBox("Bn cha chn thuc MsgBoxStyle.Information, "Thng Bo") Me.Close() End Try End Sub tnh
Ph Lc
",
Private Sub cancel_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles cancel.Click Me.Close() End Sub Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Defaults.Click i = 1 End Sub Private Sub properties_Load(ByVal sender As ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load i = 0 End Sub End Class Object,
MODULE security
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
GII THIU Security dng ci t li mt khu v thay i s in thoi dng iu khin thit b :
Sau khi thay i Password th nhn nt Confirm chp nhn Password mi. Nhp s in thoi dng iu khin thit b ri nhn nt Confirm chp nhn. Hin ti s dng mng di ng ca nh phi Vit Nam th cn phi thm vo m +84 Lp trnh cho Module security
Imports System.IO Public Class Security Public password As String Private Sub Security_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load End Sub Private Sub confirm1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles confirm1.Click Try If newpassword.Text <> " " Then If newpassword.Text = Confirmpassword.Text Then Dim pw As New StreamWriter("password.txt") ' ghi nht k d liu ln text pw.WriteLine(newpassword.Text)
GVHD_Trn Thu H
114 -
n tt nghip pw.Close() Else : MsgBox("Bn nhp sai password") End If End If Catch MsgBox("Bn cha thay i Password") End Try End Sub
Ph Lc
Private Sub confirm2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles confirm2.Click Dim phonenumber As New StreamWriter("phonenumber.txt") phonenumber.Write(phonenumber1.Text & " " & phonenumber2.Text & " " & phonenumber3.Text & " " & phonenumber4.Text) phonenumber.Close() End Sub Private Sub Cancel_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Cancel.Click Me.Close() End Sub End Class
Nt Open Port : dng m cng sau khi chn cc thuc tnh kt ni Nt Close Port : dng ng cng kt ni 1 cch an ton trnh lm h hng cc cng. Nt Refresh : phn mm nhn din cng ca thit b khi thit b c kt ni vi phn mm. Trong thnh phn Control(iu khin):
Nt Open : khi nhn n sng mu v tn nt chuyn thnh Close

n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Nt Open all : m ton b thit b Nt Close all : tt ton b thit b Khung hin th nhit v bo ng (Alarm): Khi nhit tng qu cao th n Alarm s nhp nhy. MODULE Send SMS (gi tin nhn):
Khung Content cho php nhp vo 1 on tin nhn gi Khung Phone Number cho php nhp s in thoi cn gi Nt Send xc nhn gi chn la Auto Deliver cho php gi tin nhn bo co ngc li khi c tin nhn iu khin thit b. MODULE BIU NHIT V CC HIN TH S KIN:
Tng ng vi thi gian v nhit o c trn thit b m biu s c v.
Cc s kin,trng thi ca h thng s c lit k trong bng trn. MODULE CI T LCH LM VIC CHO S KIN:
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Khi mun ci t lch lm vic Schedule Tasks cho h thng. Nhn nt Schedule . Khi nhn xong th thc hin cc thao tc trong Form.
Chn ngy gi v nhp s kin sau nhn nt Add. Nhn nt Confirm chp nhn. Khi sau nhn Exit thot ra, nu mun xa th bm Clear. LP TRNH KHI LOAD FORM
Dim data(10) As String Dim cut As String Dim h As Byte Dim patch As String = My.Application.Info.DirectoryPath PictureBox1.ImageLocation = patch & "\hinhschedule.jpg" Dim schd As New StreamReader("schedule.txt") cut = schd.ReadToEnd data = cut.Split(vbCrLf) schd.Close() added.Items.Clear() Dim cnt As New StreamReader("count.txt") count = Convert.ToByte(cnt.ReadLine) cnt.Close() For h = 0 To count added.Items.Add(data(h)) Next
LP TRNH CHO CC NT NHN

n tt nghip Public i As Byte Public count As Byte
Ph Lc
Private Sub add_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles add.Click added.Items.Add(ComboBox1.Text & " " & events.Text) End Sub Private Sub Schedule_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load Dim data(10) As String Dim cut As String Dim h As Byte Dim patch As String = My.Application.Info.DirectoryPath If Me.Text = "Lich cong viec" Then clear.Text = "Xa" confirm.Text = "Chp nhn" add.Text = "Thm" exits.Text = "Thot" End If If Me.Text = "Schedule Task" Then clear.Text = "Clear" confirm.Text = "Confirm" add.Text = "Add" exits.Text = "Exit" End If PictureBox1.ImageLocation = patch & "\hinhschedule.jpg" Dim schd As New StreamReader("schedule.txt") cut = schd.ReadToEnd data = cut.Split(vbCrLf) schd.Close() added.Items.Clear() Dim cnt As New StreamReader("count.txt") count = Convert.ToByte(cnt.ReadLine) cnt.Close() For h = 0 To count added.Items.Add(data(h)) Next End Sub
GVHD_Trn Thu H
118 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Private Sub confirm_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles confirm.Click Dim schd As New StreamWriter("schedule.txt") Dim cnt As New StreamWriter("count.txt") Dim data(10) As String Dim count As Byte Dim h As Byte count = added.Items.Count Try For h = 0 To count - 1 data(h) = added.Items(h) Next cnt.WriteLine(count - 1) cnt.Close() schd.WriteLine(data(0) & vbCrLf & data(1) & vbCrLf & data(2) & vbCrLf & data(3) & vbCrLf & data(4) & vbCrLf & data(5) & vbCrLf & data(6) & vbCrLf & data(7) & vbCrLf & data(8) & vbCrLf & data(9) & " ") schd.Close() Catch MsgBox("Hy nhp vo danh mc") End Try End Sub Private Sub clear_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles clear.Click Dim schd As New StreamWriter("schedule.txt") Dim cnt As New StreamWriter("count.txt") schd.WriteLine(" ") schd.Close() cnt.WriteLine("0") cnt.Close() added.Items.Clear() End Sub private Sub exits_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles exits.Click Me.Close() End Sub
GVHD_Trn Thu H
119 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
II.
PHN MM PICBASIC PRO 1. GII THIU Phn mm bin dch PROTON+ c vit n gin v linh hot cho ngi s dng. Bng cch dng ngn ng Basic, l ngn ng d hc v lp trnh so vi cc ngn ng khc, nhng bn c th linh hot s dng s dng b cng c ny cho nhng ng dng phc tp cho Vi iu khin Pic m khng phi hc nhng ngn ng c lin quan phc tp nh Assembler, hay C. PROTON+ cung cp mt mi trng pht trin lin tc. Vi PROTON+, bn c th vit s li v bin dch cho m ngun ca bn ging trong mi trng Windows,v ph hp vi nhng ngi lp trnh. Mt khc phn mm bin dch da trn nn tng Windows.Vic xc nh thit b ngay chng trnh u tin s lm cho m ngun khi bin dch hon ton ph hp vi thit b . Nn ch rng PROTON+ khng hon ton ph hp vi m ngun ph bin Parallax PICBASIC, n dng ngn ngh ring, nhng m chc nng cng gn ging nhau v dng chung hu ht c php ca Basic. 2. CC TP LNH S DNG Lnh truyn bt ng b qua RS232 SEROUT C php: SEROUT Tpin { \ Fpin } , Baudmode , { Pace, } { Timeout , Tlabel, } [ OutputData ] Chc nng: Dng truyn d liu ni tip khng ng b vi RS232 Hot ng: Tpin l chn c nh c ch nh l chn I/O dng cho truyn d liu ni tip. Chn ny s c t vo ch ng ra trong lc hot ng. Trng thi ca chn ny khi hon thnh c quyt nh bi Bit iu khin trong Baudmode. Fpin l ty chn Port.Bit ch nh vic chn I/O cho vic gim st trng thi Flow Control. Chn ny s c t trng thi ng vo. Ch : Fpin phi c ch nh s dng cho vic la chn Timeout v Tlabel trong lnh SEROUT. Baudmode c th l 1 bin hay hng hay mt biu thc(0 65535) m c nh ra ch tc hot ng ca thit b Pace l mt bin ty chn hay hng hay biu thc(0 65535) m quyt nh n chu k hon gia nhng ln truyn Bytes. Ch : Pace khng th c s dng tng thch vi Timeout
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Timeout l mt ty chn bin hay hng(0-65535) bo cho SEROUT thi gian ch bao lu cho php Fpin gi. Nu s cho php khng n vo lc th chng trnh s nhy n mt nhn Tlabel. Ch : Fpin phi c ch nh s dng cho hot ng ca Timeout v Tlabel Tlabel : nhn phi c s dng cng vi Timeout. Outputdata l danh sch cc bin, hng hay biu thc bo cho SEROUT bit d liu xut ra c dng th no. SEROUT c th truyn ring l hay lp li bytes, chuyn gi tr thnh dng Decimal, Hex hay biu din di dng Binary, hoc truyn chui String ca Bytes t bin mng, v cu trc CDATA. Ta cn c th kt hp to danh sch OutputData SERIN C php: SERIN Rpin { \ Fpin } , Baudmode , { Plabel, } { Timeout , Tlabel, } [ InputData ] Chc nng: Dng nhn d liu ni tip khng dng b. Hot ng: Rpin l chn c nh c ch nh l chn I/O dng cho truyn d liu ni tip. Chn ny s c t vo ch ng vo trong lc hot ng. Baudmode c th l 1 bin hay hng hay mt biu thc(0 65535) m c nh ra ch tc hot ng ca thit b Plabel l mt ty chn cho nhn, ni chng trnh nhy n trong trng hp ca mt li chn l. Khi ta dng Parity Bit Timeout l mt ty chn bin hay hng(0-65535) bo cho SERIN thi gian ch bao lu cho vic nhn d liu. Nu d liu khng n lc th chng trnh s nhy n mt nhn Tlabel Tlabel : nhn phi c s dng cng vi Timeout. InputData l danh sch cc bin bo SERIN bit phi lm g vi d liu. SERIN c th lu tr d liu trong mt bin, mng, hoc mt mng chui bng cch s dng STR. Ch : Mt trong nhng dng truyn thng tin ph bin nh gia cc thit b in t l Serial Communication. Trong c 2 dng c s dng l truyn ng b hay
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Khng ng b. cc lnh The RSIN, RSOUT, SERIN and SEROUT,tt c u c dng cho vic gi v nhn d liu ni tip khng ng b. Trong khi cc lnh SHIN and SHOUT dng cho vic truyn d liu ng b Vic truyn d liu Khng ng b ng ngha vi vic khng dng ng tch xung. D liu c th c gi i ch vi 2 dy, mt dy d liu v mt dy cho ni t. Serial Port ca my tnh(PC) cn c gi l cng RS232 hay cng COM c dng cho vic truyn d liu khng ng b ni tip. Cn i vi truyn tin theo kiu ng b ni tip th ta dng 3 dy, trong ngoi dy d liu v t cn c thm dy xung cho vic ng b. Khi dng RS232 truyn tin th ta cn phi lu n c tnh in ca n. Khng nh nhng chun Logic TTL vi mc in p 5V cho 1 v 0V cho 0. RS232 dng in p -12V cho mc logic 1 v 12V cho mc logic 0. c tnh ny ho php ta c th truyn thng qua mt si dy di m khng cn b khuch i. Hu ht cc mch lm vic vi RS232 cn phi c b chuyn i mc in p t 12V thnh 0V v 5V v ngc li. Thng dng nht l IC Max232. Truyn d liu Khng ng b ni tip phi hi p vo thi gian chnh xc. C b gi v nhn phi c t cng thi gian, tc l phi cng mt tc truyn cn c gi l tc Baud (Baudrate). SEROUT yu cu mt gi tr c gi l Baudmode bo cc c im thch hp cho d liu n, nh chu k bit period, s Bit v parity bits vi tc truyn t mc thp nht l 300 Baud n hn 38K Baud (ph thuc vo tn s ca thch anh). Nu vic truyn tin c h tr bi phn cng hoc phn mm th vic la chn tc Baud s l quan trng. ni chung, ch 7-bit/even-parity l dng cho vn bn, cn 8-bit/no-parity c vic truyn d liu theo Byte. Hu ht ngi ta s dng ch chung l 8-bit/no-parity, hu ht cc thit b s dng ch 7 Bit data v c th li dng c tnh kim tra li trong ng truyn, nhng s dng n s lm mt i 1 bit d liu. iu ny c ngha l d liu Byte n c truyn trong 7 Bit/even parity c th biu din t 0-127, nh hn nhiu so vi 0-255 ca ch 8 bit. Phn mm bin dch cho php la chn 1 Bit parity vi 4 n 8 Bit d liu. S dng lnh khai bo Declare: Khng c Parity Bit :
DECLARE DECLARE DECLARE DECLARE DECLARE SERIAL_DATA SERIAL_DATA SERIAL_DATA SERIAL_DATA SERIAL_DATA 4 5 6 7 8 ' ' ' ' ' D D D D D liu liu liu liu liu 4 5 6 7 8 Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit (Mc nh) 122 -
GVHD_Trn Thu H
n tt nghip Nu c Parity Bit : DECLARE SERIAL_DATA DECLARE SERIAL_DATA DECLARE SERIAL_DATA DECLARE SERIAL_DATA DECLARE SERIAL_DATA
Ph Lc
5 6 7 8 9
' ' ' ' '
D D D D D
liu liu liu liu liu
4 5 6 7 8
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit
(Mc nh)
t loi Parity cho SERIN v SEROUT. Khi Parity c cho php, phn trnh by phi chn n l ODD hay EVEN. Nu Parity c cho php nhng SERIAL_PARITY DECLARE khng c cp trong chng trnh th mc nh l EVEN Parity.
DECLARE SERIAL_PARITY = EVEN DECLARE SERIAL_PARITY = ODD
Cc dng D Liu gi c trnh by

BIN{1..32} DEC{1..10} HEX{1..8} SBIN{1..32} SDEC{1..10} SHEX{1..8} du gi d liu nh phn gi d liu thp phn d liu Hex d liu nh phn khng du d liu thp phn khng du d liu thp lc phn khng
V d :
1. DIM FLT AS FLOAT FLT = 3.145 SEROUT PORTA.0 , T2400 , [DEC2 FLT] Gi 3.14 DIM FLT AS FLOAT FLT = 3.1456 SEROUT PORTA.0 , T2400 , [DEC FLT] Gi 3.145 SERIN PORTA.0 , T2400 , P_ERROR , [SerData] PRINT @ SerData STOP P_ERROR: PRINT "Parity Error" SERIN PORTA.0 , T2400, 2000 , TO_ERROR , [SerData] PRINT CLS , @ Result STOP TO_ERROR: PRINT CLS , "Timed Out"
2.
3.
4.
S dng kiu chui vi SEROUT

n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Cc lnh STR c s dng chuyn thnh mt chui k t t mt mng byte. Mt chui l mt b cc k t c sp xp hay truy cp nht nh trong mt trt t. Cc k t "ABC" s c lu tr trong mt chui vi "A" u tin, theo sau l "B" sau theo sau l "C". Mt mng byte l mt khi nim tng t vi mt chui; n cha d liu c sp xp trong mt trt t. Mi phng trong s yu t trong mt mng c cng kch c. Chui "ABC" s c lu tr trong mt mng byte cha ba byte (yu t). V d :
DIM SerString[10] AS BYTE to mng 10 byte SerString[0] = "H" SerString[1] = "E" SerString[2] = "L" SerString[3] = "L" SerString[4] = "O" SEROUT PORTA.0,16468,[ STR SerString\5 ]'gi 1 chui 5 Byte DIM SerString[10] AS BYTE ' to mng 10 Byte. SERIN PORTA.0,16468,[ STR SerString\5 ]'chn 5 Byte u ca mng.
Lu rng chng ta s dng cc ty chn \ n ca STR. Nu chng ta khng ch nh, cc PICmicro s tip tc gi cho n khi tt c cc k t 10 byte ca mng c truyn, hoc n tm thy mt byte bng 0 (NULL). Lnh c gi tr t b ADC C php: Variable = ADIN channel number Bin = ADIN knh Chc nng: Dng c gi tr t tn hiu Analoge chuyn sang tn hiu s Hot ng: Bin l do ngi dng nh ngha Chn ca knh do ngi dng chn V d: ' c gi tr t knh 0 ca ADECLARE v t kt qu lu trong bin
DECLARE ADIN_RES 10 ' lu kt qu tron 10 bit DECLARE ADIN_TAD FRC ' RC OSC c chn DECLARE ADIN_STIME 50 ' thi gian ly mu 50us DIM VAR1 as WORD GVHD_Trn Thu H 124 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
TRISA = %00000001 ' Set analogue input on PORTA.0 ADECLAREON1 ADCON1 = %10000000 ' Cu hnh AN0 (PORTA.0) nh ng vo ADECLAREON0 = %11000001 VAR1 = ADIN 0 ' t kt qu vo VAR1 C 3 loi DECLARE dng lu kt qu l : DECLARE ADIN_RES 8 , 10 , or 12. t s Bit cho kt qu.
Nu DECLARE khng c dng th mc nh l 8 Bit cho Pic16F877A.Cho v d nu l h Pic16F87X th kt qu c phn gii 10 bit, trong khi loi ny mc inh s xut ra kt qu 8 Bit. Nhng khi ta dng DECLARE th c th khai bo dng 10 Bit v khi khai bo DECLARE th thit b cho php lu kt qu 8 Bit nhng khng lu c kt qu 12 Bit cho loi VDK c phn gii 10 Bit ny
DECLARE ADIN_TAD 2_FOSC , 8_FOSC , 32_FOSC , or FRC.
t xung clock cho ADECLARE Vic la chn ngun xung ny cng nh hng n thi gian chuyn i d liu v c th khng c chuyn i chnh xc. DECLARE ADIN_STIME 0 to 65535 microseconds (us). Cho php t gi bn trong VDK c np y trc khi ly mu. iu ny c th l 1 gi tr t 0 n 65535(us) Mt gi tr c trng cho ADIN_STIME l t 50 n 100. iu ny cho php tng thch vi thi gian np m khng nh hng nhiu n thi gian chuyn i Ch l trc khi lnh ADIN c s dng th thanh ghi TRISA phi cho php cc chn nhn d liu tng ng l ng vo V d :
Again: VAR1 = ADIN 3 ' Place the conversion variable VAR1 DELAYUS 1 ' Wait for 1us GOTO Again ' Read the ADECLARE forever into
Lnh xut ra LCD : Lnh Print C php: PRINT Item { , Item... } Chc nng: Gi mt on vn n LCD Item c th l 1 hng , bin, hay mt ton t, mt chui
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Khai bo LCD
LCD_DTPIN = PORTB.4 chn chn kt ni d liu LCD_RSPIN = PORTB.3 chn chn kt ni RS LCD_ENPIN = PORTB.2 chn chn kt ni RS LCD_INTERFACE = 4 giao tip theo ch 4 bit(hoc 8 bit) LCD_LINES = 2 mc nh 2 hng LCD_TYPE = 0 0 : mc nh l LCD trng en
Khi to LCD
Lnh iu khin $FE, $FE, $FE, $FE, $FE, $FE, $FE, $FE, 1 2 $0C $0E $0F $10 $14 $C0 Hot ng Xa mn hnh Tr v ban u Tt con tr Du gch di con tr Nhp nhy con tr Dch con tr sang tri mt v tr Dch con tr sang phi mt v tr Dch con tr n u dng th hai xa mn hnh v i 30ms
Print $FE,1 : delayms 30 Print $FE,2 Print $FE,$0E
Xut d liu ra LCD

Print at 1,1,@bien Xut gi tr thp phn bien ra LCD ti v tr hng 1, th 1
3. CHNG TRNH NHN D LIU V C NHIT :

include "PROTON_12.INC" dim nhandulieu as byte dim baodong as byte nhietdo var word 'Khoi tao ADC ADIN_RES 10 ADIN_STIME ' ket qua 10 bit 50 ' thoi gian lay mau ' chon ket qua 10bit ben trai cua thanh ghi ket qua ' chon xung noi,RA0,va ADON = 1
TRISA.0 = 1 'kenh RA0 nhan tin hieu ADCON1 = %10001110 ADCON0 = %11000001
GVHD_Trn Thu H
126 -
n tt nghip serin portc.7,t2400,600,Loop,[dec nhandulieu] ' nhan du lieu tu phan mem ' nhan du lieu tuong ung voi den if nhandulieu = 11 then portb.3 = 0 ' if nhandulieu = 10 then portb.3 = 1' if nhandulieu = 21 then portb.2 = 0' if nhandulieu = 20 then portb.2 = 1' if nhandulieu = 31 then portb.1 = 0' if nhandulieu = 30 then portb.1 = 1' if nhandulieu = 41 then portb.0 = 0' if nhandulieu = 40 then portb.0 = 1' if nhandulieu = 51 then portc.2 = 0' if nhandulieu = 50 then portc.2 = 1' if nhandulieu = 61 then portc.3 = 0' if nhandulieu = 60 then portc.3 = 1' if nhandulieu = 71 then portc.4 = 0' if nhandulieu = 70 then portc.4 = 1' if nhandulieu = 81 then portc.5 = 0' if nhandulieu = 80 then portc.5 = 1' ' den12 mo if nhandulieu = 121 then portb.0 = 0 portb.1 = 0 portb.2 = 0 portb.3 = 0 portc.2 = 0 portc.3 = 0 portc.4 = 0 portc.5 = 0 endif ' den12 tat if nhandulieu = 120 then portb.0 = 1 portb.1 = 1 portb.2 = 1 portb.3 = 1 portc.2 = 1 portc.3 = 1 portc.4 = 1 portc.5 = 1 endif ' lenh mo cong if nhandulieu = 222 then porta.1 = 0 GVHD_Trn Thu H den1 den1 den2 den2 den1 den1 den2 den2 den1 den1 den2 den2 den1 den1 den2 den2 mo tat mo tat mo tat mo tat mo tat mo tat mo tat mo tat
Ph Lc
127 -
n tt nghip porta.2 = 1 sai = 3 endif nhietdo = ADIN 0 ' doc nhiet do tai RA0 nhietdo = nhietdo / 2 ' nhiet do chia 2 vi do phan giai 10bit serout portc.6,t2400,[@nhietdo,13] ' xuat nhiet do len phan mem
Ph Lc
4. CHNG TRNH GIAO TIP KEYPAD V LCD:

col var byte row var byte key var byte dim tam[5] as byte i as byte dim kiemtra as byte dim sai as byte trisb = portb = trisc = portc = trisa.1 trisa.2 porta.1 porta.2 0 $ff %01000000 $ff = 0 = 0 = 1 = 1
'Khoi tao LCD print $fe,1 : delayms 30 'doi 30ms cho LCD len nguon print $fe,2 'xoa du lieu, bat dau dong dau tien Print $FE,$0E 'dau "_" i = 1 kiemtra = 0 sai = 3 baodong = 0 Loop: For Col = 4 to 7 if sai<> 0 then print at 1,1,"Fill in Password" if sai = 0 then print at 1,1,"Lock Key " PORTd = 0 ' Ngo ra portd muc thap TRISd = (Dcd Col) ^ $ff' cot tuong ung se xuong 0
GVHD_Trn Thu H
128 -
n tt nghip while (portd << 4) <> $f0 row = portd << 4 & $ff Key = (Col * 3) + (Ncd (Row ^ $f0)) 'phep tinh so phim key = key - 16
Ph Lc
' so phim tru 16 de dua ve gia tri dung if key = 11 then key = 0 tam[i-1] = key 'luu ma phim va bien mang bien tam if key <> 10 then print at 2,i,dec key if key = 12 then cls kiemtra = 0 porta.2 = 1 tam[0] = 0 i = 0 endif tam[4] = 0 ' cho gia tri cua bien tam cuoi cung bang Null if tam[0] = 1 then if tam[1] = 2 then if tam[2] = 3 then if tam[3] = 4 then kiemtra = 1 if key = 10 then if kiemtra = 1 then print at 2,1,"Open the door" porta.2 = 0 i = 0 else sai = sai - 1 print at 2,1,"Wrong password" delayms 300 print at 2,1,"please wait . . ." delayms 300 print at 2,1,"Remain ",dec sai," times" endif endif delayms 400 i = i + 1 if i = 5 then i = 1 while sai = 0 porta.1 = 0 print at 1,1, "Lock key " print at 2,1,"Contact Host " goto loop wend GVHD_Trn Thu H 129 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Chng trnh chnh tng qut khi ghp ni hai chng trnh trn:
Include "PROTON_12.INC" dim nhandulieu as byte dim baodong as byte nhietdo var word col var byte row var byte key var byte dim tam[5] as byte dim i as byte dim kiemtra as byte dim sai as byte dim backup[9] as byte delayms 500 ' tri hoan 500ms cho vi dieu khien duoc cap nguon 'Khoi tao ADC ADIN_RES 10 ' ket qua 10 bit ADIN_STIME 50 ' thoi gian lay mau trisb = 0 portb = $ff trisc = %01000000 portc = $ff TRISA.0 = 1 'kenh RA0 nhan tin hieu trisa.1 = 0 trisa.2 = 0 porta.1 = 1 porta.2 = 1 ADCON1 = %10001110 ' chon ket qua 10bit ben trai cua thanh ghi ket qua ADCON0 = %11000001' chon xung noi,RA0,va ADON = 1 'Khoi tao LCD print $fe,1 : delayms 30 'doi 30ms cho LCD len nguon print $fe,2 'xoa du lieu, bat dau dong dau tien Print $FE,$0E 'dau "_" i = 1 kiemtra = 0 sai = 3 baodong = 0 Main: serin portc.7,t2400,600,Loop,[dec nhandulieu] ' nhan du lieu tu phan mem ' nhan du lieu tuong ung voi den Loop: For Col = 4 to 7 GVHD_Trn Thu H 130 -
n tt nghip if sai<> 0 then print at 1,1,"Fill in Password" if sai = 0 then print at 1,1,"Lock Key " PORTd = 0 ' Ngo ra portd muc thap TRISd = (Dcd Col) ^ $ff ' cot tuong ung if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = if nhandulieu = ' den12 mo if nhandulieu = portb.0 = 0 portb.1 = 0 portb.2 = 0 portb.3 = 0 portc.2 = 0 portc.3 = 0 portc.4 = 0 portc.5 = 0 endif ' den12 tat if nhandulieu = portb.0 = 1 portb.1 = 1 portb.2 = 1 portb.3 = 1 portc.2 = 1 portc.3 = 1 portc.4 = 1 portc.5 = 1 endif se 11 10 21 20 31 30 41 40 51 50 61 60 71 70 81 80 xuong 0 then portb.3 then portb.3 then portb.2 then portb.2 then portb.1 then portb.1 then portb.0 then portb.0 then portc.2 then portc.2 then portc.3 then portc.3 then portc.4 then portc.4 then portc.5 then portc.5 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0 ' den1 mo 1' den1 tat 0' den2 mo 1 ' den2 tat 0 ' den1 mo 1' den1 tat 0' den2 mo 1' den2 tat 0' den1 mo 1' den1 tat 0' den2 mo 1' den2 tat 0' den1 mo 1' den1 tat 0' den2 mo 1' den2 tat
Ph Lc
121 then
120 then
GVHD_Trn Thu H
131 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
' lenh mo cong if nhandulieu = 222 then porta.1 = 0 porta.2 = 1 sai = 3 endif if nhandulieu = 211 then backup[0] = portb.3 backup[1] = portb.2 backup[2] = portb.1 backup[3] = portb.0 backup[4] = portc.2 backup[5] = portc.3 backup[6] = portc.4 backup[7] = portc.5 backup[8] = 0 serout portc.6,t2400,[str backup] endif if nhandulieu = 100 then nhietdo = ADIN 0' doc nhiet do tai RA0 nhietdo = nhietdo / 2 ' nhiet do chia 2 vi do phan giai 10bit serout portc.6,t2400,[@nhietdo,13] ' xuat nhiet do len phan mem endif while (portd << 4) <> $f0 row = portd << 4 & $ff Key = (Col * 3) + (Ncd (Row ^ $f0)) 'phep tinh so phim key = key - 16 ' so phim tru 16 de dua ve gia tri dung if key = 11 then key = 0 tam[i-1] = key 'luu ma phim va bien mang bien tam if key <> 10 then print at 2,i,dec key if key = 12 then cls kiemtra = 0 porta.2 = 1 tam[0] = 0 i = 0 endif tam[4] = 0 ' cho gia tri cua bien tam cuoi cung bang Null if tam[0] = 1 then if tam[1] = 2 then if tam[2] = 3 then if tam[3] = 4 then kiemtra = 1 if key = 10 then if kiemtra = 1 then GVHD_Trn Thu H 132 -
n tt nghip print at 2,1,"Open the door" porta.2 = 0 i = 0 else sai = sai - 1 print at 2,1,"Wrong password" delayms 300 print at 2,1,"please wait . . ." delayms 300 print at 2,1,"Remain ",dec sai," times" endif endif delayms 400 i = i + 1 if i = 5 then i = 1 while sai = 0 porta.1 = 0 print at 1,1, "Lock key " print at 2,1,"Contact Host " goto main wend wend Next goto Main end
Ph Lc
FILE KM THEO
PROTON_4.INC: DEVICE = 16F877 XTAL = 4 thach anh 4Mhz LCD_DTPIN = PORTb.4 LCD_RSPIN = PORTb.2 LCD_ENPIN = PORTb.3 LCD_INTERFACE = 4' 4-bit Interface LCD_LINES = 2 LCD_TYPE = 0
khai bao LCD

symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol T300 = 3313 N300 = 3313 + $4000 T600 = 1646 N600 = 1646 + $4000 T1200 = 813 N1200 = 813 + $4000 133 -
GVHD_Trn Thu H
n tt nghip Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol T2400 = 396 N2400 = 396 + $4000 T4800 = 188 N4800 = 188 + $4000 T9600 = 84 N9600 = 84 + $4000 OT2400 = 396 + $8000 ' Open True OT1200 = 813 + $8000 ' Open True OT9600 = 84 + $8000 ' Open True OT300 = 3313 + $8000' Open True ON2400 = 396 + $4000 + $8000 ' Open ON1200 = 813 + $4000 + $8000 ' Open ON9600 = 84 + $4000 + $8000 ' Open ON300 = 3313 + $4000 + $8000' Open
Ph Lc
Inverted Inverted Inverted Inverted
Khai bao cac toc do Baud III. TP LNH AT COMMAND

1. LCH S PHT TRIN
Cc modem c s dng t nhng ngy u ca s ra i ca my tnh. T Modem l mt t c hnh thnh t hai t modulator v demodulator. V nh ngha c trng ny cng gip ta hnh dung c phn no l thit b ny s lm ci g. D liu s th n t mt DTE, thit b d liu u cui c iu ch theo ci cch m n c th c truyn d liu qua cc ng dy truyn dn. mt mt khc ca ng dy, mt modem th hai iu ch d liu n v xc tin, duy tr n. Cc modem ngy xa ch tng thch cho vic gi v nhn d liu. thit lp mt kt ni th mt thit b th hai nh mt dialer th c cn n. i khi kt ni cng c thit lp bng tay bng cch quay s in thoi tng ng v mt khi modem c bt th kt ni coi nh c thc thi. Vn ny th khng c g cn phi bn ci trong nhng ngy trc y khi m my tnh c s dng bi nhng nh k thut kho lo, modem v cc my tnh ln. Cc my tnh loi nh cc nm 70 thm nhp vo th trng l cc gia nh, cng vi chi ph th s thiu ht v kin thc k thut tr thnh mt ti cn tho lun. Chng ta ang ni v tui i khi Internet, tele-banking v cc ng dng truyn thng ph bin khc khi m chng ta bit chng by gi khng cn tn ti na ri. L do chnh ca mi ngi cn s dng modem l kt ni vi BBSes, Bullitin Board Systems. Cc h thng my tnh chnh thng c s dng bi cc cng ty v cc tnh nguyn vin ni m mi ngi c th giao tip vi ngi khc bng cch s dng cc board thng tin v up ri download phn mm cng vi cc tin tnh. Vi chi ph thp th d dng cho vic s dng cc modem, n lm cho cng vic ny tr thnh c th thc thi. iu kin l tng, cc modem c th quay cc s in thoi mong mun m khng cn c giao din dnh cho ngi dng hay mt b quay s bn ngoi
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Khi chng ta xem trong RS232 port layout th chun RS232 miu t mt knh truyn thng vi b kt ni 25 chn DB25, n c thit k thc thi qu trnh truyn cc lnh iu khin n modem c kt ni vi n. Thao tc ny bao gm c cc lnh quay mt s in thoi r rng no . Khng may l cc qu trnh thc thi dng RS232 vi chi ph thp ny ch th hin trn cc my tnh cc h gia nh trong nhng nm 70, v knh truyn thng th hai khng c thc thi. Th nn nht thit phi c mt phng php c thit lp s dng knh d liu hin ti khng ch truyn d liu t mt im u cui ny ti mt im u cui khc m n cn c th iu khin lnh nhm ti modem duy nht. Dennis Hayes a gii php cho vn ny trong nm 1977. Modem thng minh (Smartmodem) ca ng s dng chun truyn thng RS232 n gin kt ni ti mt my tnh truyn c lnh v d liu . Bi v mi lnh bt u vi ch AT trong ch Attention nn ngn ng iu khin c nh ngha bi Hayes nhanh chng c bit ti vi b lnh Hayes AT. Chnh v s n gin v kh nng thc thi vi chi ph thp ca n, b lnh Hayes AT nhanh chng c s dng ph bin trong cc modem ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau. Khi chc nng v tch hp ca cc modem ngay cng tng cng vi thi gian, nn lm cho ngn ng lnh Hayes AT v nhanh chng mi nh sn xut modem s dng ngn ng ca ring ng y. Ngy nay, b lnh AT bao gm c cc lnh v d liu, fax, voice v cc truyn thng SMS. Cc lnh AT l cc hng dn c s dng iu khin mt modem. AT l mt cch vit gn ca ch Attention. Mi dng lnh ca n bt u vi AT hay at. l l do ti sao cc lnh Modem c gi l cc lnh AT. Nhiu lnh ca n c s dng iu khin cc modem quay s s dng dy mi (wired dial-up modems), chng hn nh ATD (Dial), ATA (Answer), ATH (Hool control) v ATO (return to online data state), cng c h tr bi cc modem GSM/GPRS v cc in thoi di ng. Bn cch b lnh AT thng dng ny, cc modem GSM/GPRS v cc in thoi di ng cn c h tr bi mt b lnh AT c bit i vi cng ngh GSM. N bao gm cc lnh lin quan ti SMS nh AT+ CMGS (gi tin nhn SMS), AT+CMSS (gi tin nhn SMS t mt vng l tr), AT+CMGL (chui lit k cc tin nhn SMS) v AT+CMGR (c tin nhn SMS) Ch l khi ng AT l mt tin t thng bo ti modem v s bt u ca mt dng lnh. N khng phi l mt phn ca tn lnh AT. V d nh D l mt tn lnh AT thc t trong ATD v +CMGS l tn mt lnh AT thc t trong AT+CMGS. Tuy nhin, mt s sch hay mt s trang web li s dng chng thay cho nhau nh l tn ca mt lnh AT. Sau y l mt vi nhim v c th c hon thnh bng cch s dng cc lnh AT kt hp vi s dng 1 modem GSM/GPRS hay mt in thoi di ng:
GVHD_Trn Thu H
135 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Ly thng tin c bn v in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS. V d nh tn ca nh sn xut (AT+CGMI), s model (AT+CGMM), s IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) (AT+CGSN) v phin bn phn mm (AT+CGMR). Ly thng tin trng thi hin ti ca in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS. V d nh trng thi hot ng ca in thoi (AT+CPAS), trng thi ng k mng mobile (AT+CREG), chiu di sng radio (AT+CSQ), mc sc bin v trng thi sc bin (AT+CBC). Thit lp mt kt ni d liu hay kt ni voice ti mt remote iu khin (ATD, ATA,..) Gi v nhn fax (ATD, ATA,AT+F*) Gi (AT+CMGS, AT+CMSS), c (AT+CMGR, AT+CMGL), vit (AT+CMGW) hay xa tin nhn SMS (AT+CMGD) v nhn cc thng bo ca cc tin nhn SMS nhn c mi nht (AT+CNMI). c (AT+CPBR), vit (AT+CPBW) hay tm kim (AT+CPBF) c mc v danh b in thoi (phonebook). Thc thi cc nhim v lin quan ti an ton, chng hn nh m hay ng cc kha chc nng (AT+CLCK), kim tra xem mt chc nng c kha hay cha (AT+CLCK) v thay i password (AT+CPWD). (Cc v d v kha chc nng: kha SIM [mt password phi c cho vo th SIM mi khi in thoi c m] v kha PH-SIM [mt th SIM no c lin kt ti in thoi, v s dng c cc th SIM khc th buc phi ng nhp mt password vo trong n].)
iu khin hot ng ca cc m kt qu/cc thng bo li ca cc lnh AT. V d, bn c th iu khin cho php hay khng cho php kch hot hin th thng bo li (AT+CMEE) v cc thng bo li nn c hin th theo dng s hay theo dng dng ch (AT+CMEE=1 hay AT+CMEE=2). Thit lp hay thay i cu hnh ca in thoi di dng hay modem GSM/GPRS. V d, thay i mng GSM (AT+COPS), loi dch v ca b truyn tin (AT+CBST), cc thng s protocol lin kt vi radio (AT+CRLP), a ch trung tm SMS (AT+CSCA) v khu vc lu tr cc tin nhn SMS (AT+CPMS). Lu v phc hi cc cu hnh ca in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS. V du, lu (AT+COPS) v phc hi (AT+CRES) cc thit lp lin quan ti tin nhn SMS chng hn nh a ch trung tm tin nhn SMS.
Ch l nh sn xut in thoi di ng thng khng thi hnh tt c cc lnh AT, cc thng s lnh v cc gi tr ca tham s trong cc in thoi di ng. Trng thi hnh vi ca cc lnh AT thc thi c th cng khc so vi cc nh ngha chun trc . Ni chung, cc modem GSM/GPRS c thit k dnh cho cc ng dng
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
wireless m c c cc h tr tt v cc lnh AT hn l cc in thoi di ng thng thng khc. Thm vo , mt vi lnh AT yu cu s h tr t cc tng i ca mng di ng. V d, SMS thng qua GPRS c th c kch hot trn cc in thoi di ng c s dng GPRS v cc modem GPRS vi lnh +CGSMS (tn lnh dng text: Select Service for MO SMS Messages). Nhng nu tng i mng in thoi khng h tr qu trnh truyn dn SMS thng qua GPRS, th bn khng th s dng chc nng ny c. 2. MODEM GSM & MODEM GPRS: 2.1. Modem GSM Mt modem GSM l mt modem wireless, n lm vic cng vi mt mng wireless GSM. Mt modem wireless th cng hot ng ging nh mt modem quay s. im khc nhau chnh y l modem quay s th truyn v nhn d liu thng qua mt ng dy in thoi c nh trong khi mt modem wireless th gi v nhn d liu thng qua sng radio . Mt modem GSM c th l mt thit b m rng bn ngoi hay mt PC Card/PCMCIA Card. in hnh l mt modem GSM ri bn ngoi c kt ni vi mt my tnh thng qua mt cp ni tip hay mt cp USB. Mt modem GSM hp chun vi mt PC Card/PCMCIA Card c thit k cho vic s dng vi mt my tnh laptop. N c gn vo mt trong nhng khe cm PC Card/PCMCIA Card ca mt my tnh laptop. Ging nh mt in thoi di ng GSM, mt modem GSM yu cu 1 th SIM vi mt sng mang wireless hot ng. Nh cp trong mc trc v hng dn v SMS, cc my tnh s dng lnh AT iu khin modem. C hai modem GSM v modem quay s u c h tr mt b cc lnh AT chun chung. V th bn c th s dng modem GSM hay modem quay s u c. B tr cho cc lnh AT chun, cc modem GSM cn h tr mt b lnh AT m rng. Nhng lnh AT m rng ny c nh ngha trong cc chun ca GSM. Vi cc lnh AT m rng ny,bn c th lm mt s th nh sau:
+ + + + +
c,vit, xa tin nhn Gi tin nhn SMS Kim tra chiu di tn hiu Kim tra trng thi sc bin v mc sc ca bin. c, vit v tm kim v cc mc danh b
S tin nhn SMS c th c thc thi bi mt modem SMS trn mt pht l rt thp, n ch khong t 6 n 10 tin nhn SMS trong 1 pht.
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
2.2. Modem GPRS : Mt modem GPRS l mt modem GSM m c h tr thm cng ngh GPRS cho vic truyn d liu. GPRS h tr cho Dch V Radio Gi y (General Packet Radio Service). N l mt cng ngh truyn gi tin v l mt m rng ca GSM (GSM l mt cng ngh chuyn mch). Mt u im ng k ca GPRS trn nn GSM l GPRS c tc truyn d liu cao hn. GPRS c th c s dng ging nh mt b truyn tin ca SMS. Nu nh SMS trn nn GPRS c s dng th n c th t ti tc truyn l 30 tin nhn SMS trong mt pht. iu ny cho thy n thc thi nhanh hn nhiu so vi s dng SMS trn nn GSM (vi GSM th tc truyn ch khong 6 ti 10 tin nhn SMS trong mt pht). Cn phi c modem GPRS truyn v nhn tin nhn SMS trn nn GPRS. V cn ch l mt vi sng mang wireless khng h tr vic gi v nhn tn nhn SMS trn nn GPRS. Nu nh chng ta cn gi hay nhn cc tin nhn SMS th cn phi c mt modem GPRS chun. 2.3. S chn la gia: Mobile Phone v Modem GPRS Ni chung, mt modem GSM/GPRS thng c khuyn dng hn dnh cho my tnh cho vic gi v nhn tin nhn. l bi v cc in thoi di ng thng c nhng gii hn nht nh no ca n so vi cc modem GSM/GPRS. Say y l mt vi miu t gii hn ca n. Mt vi model in thoi di ng (chng hn nh Ericsson R380) khng th s dng vi my tnh trong vic nhn cc tin nhn SMS dng chui ni tip nhau. Khi mt thit b in thoi di ng nhn cc tin nhn SMS , tin nhn ny bao gm tt c cc phn ca mt tin nhn SMS ni chui vi nhau, n kt hp chng li vi nhau thnh mt tin nhn mt cch t ng. Cch x l hp l nn l: khi thit b di ng nhn cc tin nhn SMS m cc phn ca tin nhn ny c kt ni mc chui vi nhau, n y chng ti my tnh m khng kt hp chng li Nhiu model in thoi di ng khng th s dng c vi my tnh nhn cc tin nhn MMS. Bi v khi chng nhn mt thng bo MMS, chng s x l n mt cch t ng thay v a n ti my tnh. Mt in thoi di ng khng h tr cc lnh AT, cc tham s lnh v cc gi tr ca tham s. V d, cc thit b di ng khng h tr vic gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS ch text. Cho nn lnh AT "AT+CMGF=1" (n ch dn cho in thoi di ng s dng ch text) s gy ra mt thng bo li phn hi li. Thng th cc modem GSM/GPRS h tr cho mt b lnh AT hon chnh nhiu hn so vi cc thit b in thoi di ng.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
138 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Hu ht cc ng dng tin nhn SMS phi ch sn sng sut 24 gi trong mt ngy (v d nh, ng dng tin nhn SMS m cung cp dch vu download nhc chung nn c chy ti tt c cc thi gian trong ngy nh th ngi dng mi c th doanload nhc chung ti bt k thi im no m h mun). Nu nh cc ng dng s dng in thoi di ng gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS th chic in thoi di dng ny phi c m sut c ngy. Tuy nhin mt s model in thoi di ng khng th hot ng khi tho bin ra khi, thm ch khi mt adaptor AC c kt ni, iu c ngha l bin s c np in 24 ting trong mt ngy. Bn cnh cc vn trn, cc in thoi di ng v cc modem GSM/GPRS t hay nhiu cng ging nhau trong vic gi v nhn cc tin nhn t my tnh. Thc ra th bn c th coi mt lnh AT c dng kch hot cc thit b di ng nh "GSM/GPRS modem + keypad + display + ...". C nhiu s khc nhau gia cc in thoi di ng v cc modem GSM/GPRS trong cc gii hn v tc truyn tin SMS, v th yu t xc nh cho tc truyn tin nhn SMS l mng wireless. 3. Cc th tc cn c cho vic gi cc lnh AT ti mt in thoi di ng hay mt modem GSM/GPRS bng cch s dng MS HyperTerminal. s dng MS HyperTerminal cho vic gi cc lnh AT n in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS, bn cn phi thc hin theo nhng bc nh sau: 1. Cho mt th SIM vn cn ga tr vo vo trong in thoi di ng hay mt modem GSM/GPRS. Bn c th kim c mt th SIM bng cch mua dch v GSM ca mt nh phn phi mng wireless 2. Kt ni in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPPRS ca bn ti my tnh v ci t driver ca modem wireless tng ng cho n. Bn s tn thy driver ca modem wireless trong a CD m nh sn xut cung cp cho bn. V nu nh nh sn xut khng cung cp driver cho in thoi hay modem GSM/GPRS th bn c th vo trang web ca nh sn xut download n v ri ci vo. Cn nu vo trang web ca nh sn xut m cng khng c th bn vn c th s dng driver cho modem chun ca Window 3. Chy MS HyperTerminal bng cch chn Start ProgramsAccessories Communications HyperTerminal. 4. Trong hp thoi Connection Description, hy g tn v chn mt biu tng icon m bn thch dng cho kt ni ny. Sau th nhn nt OK 5. Trong hp thoi Connect to, chn COM port m in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS ang kt ni ti ti khay Connect using. Th d, bn c th chn CM khi in thoi di ng hay modem ang c kt ni vi port COM1. Sau th nhn nt OK.
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
( i khi s c hn mt port COM trong khay Connect using. bit port COM no c s dng bi in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS th hy lm theo nhng bc sau y: Trong Window 98: Vo Control Panel -> Modem sau click vo tab Diagnostics. Trong hp thoi ny bn s thy port COM no m in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS angc kt ni. Trong Window2000 Vo Control Panel Phone and Modem Options. Sau click vo tab Modems .Trong hp thoi ny bn s thy port COM no m in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS angc kt ni.) 6. Hp thoi Properties xut hin. Chn cc thit lp port chnh xc cho in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS. Sau click vo nt OK ( tm ra cc thit lp chnh xc ph hp vi in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS th c mt cch l tra s hng dn cm tay ca in thoi di ng ca bn hay modem GSM/GPRS. V mt cch khc l kim tra cc thit lp port c s dng cho driver ca modem wireless m bn ci t trc ). kim tra cc thit lp port c s dng cho driver ca modem wireless trn nn Windows 98, hy lm theo nhng bc sau: a.Vo Control Panel Modem. b.Chn in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS trong hp thoi hin ra. c.Click vo nt Properties d.Hp thoi Properties hin ra. Ti khu vc Maximum speeds ti tab General ng vi khu vc Bits per second HyperTerminal. Click vo tab Connection v bn c th tm cc thit lp cho cc bt d liu, cc bt parityv bit stop. Click vo nt Advanced th bn c th tm thy thit lp cho iu khin lu lng. kim tra cc thit lp port c s dng cho driver ca modem wireless trn nn Windows 2000 v Windows XP, hy lm theo nhng bc sau: a.Vo Control PanelPhone and Modem OptionsModems tab. b.Chn in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS trong hp thoi hin ra. c.Click vo nt Properties d.Hp thoi Properties hin ra. Click vo tab Advanced ri sau Click vo nt Change Default Preferences
GVHD_Trn Thu H
140 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
e.Hp thoi Change Default Preferences xut hin. Khu vc Port Speed tab General tng ng vi khu vc Bits per second. Bn cng c th tm cc thit lp cho iu khin lu lng tab General. tab Advanced, bn c th tm cc thit lp cho cc bt d liu, cc bt parity v bt stop.
Hnh: Ca s mn hnh hp thoi Properties ca MS HyperTerminal trong Windows 98. 7. G AT trong ca s mn hnh window chnh. Mt phn hi OK s c tr li t in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS G AT+CPIN? trong ca s mn hnh window chnh. Lnh AT AT+CPIN c s dng cht vn liu in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS ang i mt PIN c ng khng (personal identification number _s nhn dng c nhn, v d nh password). Nu thy c phn hi l +CPIN:READYth n c ngha l th SIM khng yu cu c mt PIN v n sn sng cho s dng. Cn nu nh th SIM ca bn yu cu c mt PIN th bn cn t PIN thng qua lnh AT AT+CPIN+<PIN>.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
141 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Hnh: Ca s mn hnh chnh ca MS HyperTerminal trong windows 98. Nu nh bn nhn c phn hi nh ca s mn hnh trn th in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS ang hot ng ng. V ti y bn c th g c lnh AT theo ring ca bn iu khin in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS. c nhng hiu bit chi tit hn v cch s dng cc lnh AT gi v nhn cc tin nhn SMS s c cung cp trong cc mc sau. Kim tra xem in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS c h tr vic s dng cc lnh AT gi, nhn v c cc tin nhn SMS. Sau khi kim tra xong cc truyn thng gi PC v in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS, th k tip m bn mun lm l kim tra xem in thoi di ng hay modem GSM/GPRS c h tr vic s dng cc lnh AT truyn, nhn v c tin nhn SMS khng. Hu ht cc modem GSM/GPRS u c h tr ba chc nng trn nhng ch c mt s in thoi di ng h tr cc chc nng . Gi tin nhn SMS. hiu xem mt modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng c h tr vic gi cc tin nhn SMS thng qua cc lnh AT hay khng, bn phi: 1.S dng lnh AT +CSMS (tn lnh trong text: Select Message Service) kim tra liu xem cc tin nhn SMS c ngun gc t mobile c c h tr khng. 2.Thc thi cc hot ng test kim tra liu cc lnh AT +CMGW (tn lnh dng text: Send Message) v (hay) +CMSS (tn lnh dng text: Send Message from Storage) c h tr khng. (bn c th kim tra cc lnh AT +CMGW [tn lnh dng text: Write Message to Memory] v +CMGD [tn lnh dng text: Delete Message] thm vo khi i khi chng c s dng chung vi +CMSS) Nhn v c cc tin nhn SMS t vng lu tr tin nhn
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
hiu xem liu mt modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng c h tr nhn v c tin nhn SMS thng qua cc lnh AT khng th bn phi : 1.S dng lnh AT +CSMS (tn lnh dng text: Select Message Service) dng kim tra xem liu cc tin nhn SMS kt cui di ng c c h tr khng 2.Thc thi cc hot ng test kim tra xem liu +CNMI (tn lnh dng text: New Message Indications to TE), +CMGL (tn lnh dng text: List Messages) v (hay) +CMGR (tn lnh dng text: Read Message) c c h tr khng. Nu nh modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng c h lnh AT +CNMI th n c th gi mt thng bo hay trc tip xc tin tin nhn ti PC bt c khi no mt tin nhn SMS mi ti. Cn nu nh modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng khng h tr lnh +CNMI nhng lai h tr lnh +CMGL v/hay +CMGR th PC phi c s la chn modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng theo th t bit nu nh c bt k tin nhn mi no va ti n. 4. Ch hot ng: ch SMS text v ch SMS PDU: Chi tit k thut ca SMS c nh ngha hai ch (hai mode),v hai ch modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng u c th hot ng tt vi n. Hai ch l :ch SMS text v ch SMS DPU. (chun PDU dng cho n v d liu Protocol). Ch m mt modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng tm kim, xc nh cu trc ng php ca cc lnh AT SMS v nh dng ca cc p ng tr li sau khi thi hnh. Di y l cc lnh AT SMS m n c nh hng ti:

CMGS (Send Message_gi tin nhn) CMSS (Send Message from Storage_gi tin nhn t trung tm lu tr) CMGR (Read Message_c tin nhn) CMGL (List Messages_lit k cc tin nhn) CMGW (Write Message to Memory_vit tin nhn vo b nh)
CNMA (New Message Acknowledgement to ME/TA_S chp nhn cc tin nhn mi ti ME/TA). CMGC (Send Command_gi tin nhn).
Hai lnh AT sau ch hu ch khi ch SMS text c s dng. CSMP (Set Text Mode Parameters_t cc tham s cho ch text) CSDH (Show Text Mode Parameters_Ch ra cc tham s ch text) 5. S so snh gia ch SMS text v ch SMS PDU:
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Di y chng ta s so snh cc kha cch khc nhau gia hai ch SMS text v SMS PDU. S so snh ny s gip chng ta thy c s khc nhau gia hai ch ny v t gip ta c quyt nh tt hn trong vic chn la ch no nn c s dng bi ng dng tin nhn SMS ca bn. Cu trc ng php ca cc lnh AT SMS v cc p ng ca n: Khi modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong cc ch khc nhau th cu trc ng php lnh AT SMS no v cc p ng ca n a li sau khi thc thi lnh l khc nhau. Sau y l mt v d cho trnh by ni trn. Gi s rng bn mun gi mt tin nhn SMS nh sau: It is easy to send text messages n mt s in thoi +85291234567 th trong ch SMS text th dng lnh bn phi nh vo l nh sau: AT+CMGS="+85291234567"<CR>It is easy to send text messages.<Ctrl+z> . Tuy nhin nu modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong cc ch SMS PDU th vic thc thi dng lnh trn s pht sinh ra mt li. l do cu trc ng php ca lnh AT +CMGS c s dng theo mt cch khc trong ch SMS DPU. thc thi nhim v trn th dng lnh sau nn c thay th vo: AT+CMGS=42<CR>07915892000000F001000B915892214365F7000021493 A283D0795C3F33C88FE06CDECLAREB6E32885EC6D341EDF27C1E3E97E72E <Ctrl+z> Cc gi tr c nh ngha cho cc tham s: Khi modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong cc ch khc nhau th cc gi tr ca cc tham s no cng khc nhau. Thng th cc gi tr dng string c nh ngha dnh cho ch SMS text trong khi cc gi tr s c nh ngha dnh cho ch PDU. Th du, lnh AT +CMGL c s dng lit k cc tin nhn c lu tr trong kho lu tr tin nhn. N s ly mt tham s ch ra trng thi ca cc tin nhn SMS c tm, ly v. Bng thng s sau s lit k cc gi tr c nh ngha cho cc tham s trong hai ch text v ch PDU.
Trng thi tin nhn Received unread Received read Stored unsent Stored sent All messages
Cc gi tr nh ngha trong ch text "REC UNREAD" "REC READ" "STO UNSENT" "STO SENT" "ALL"
Cc gi tr nh ngha trong ch PDU 0 1 2 3 4
GVHD_Trn Thu H
144 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Gi s rng bn mun lit k tt c cac1tin nhn t trung tm lu tr tin nhn. Nu nh modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong cc ch SMS text th bn nn n nh gi tr dng string All i vi lnh AT AT +CMGL nh sau: AT+CMGL="ALL" Cn trong ch SMS PDU th gi tr s 4 nn c n nh cho cho lnh AT +CMGL, n nh sau: AT+CMGL=4 Dng ng ra/ng vo (input/output) ca cc tin nhn SMS c dng bi cc lnh AT SMS. Khi modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong cc ch khc nhau th dng ng ra/ng vo (input/output) ca cc tin nhn SMS c dng bi cc lnh AT SMS cng khc nhau. Trong ch SMS text th u v thn ca cc tin nhn SMS c lm cc ng vo vao/ng ra khi tch ri cc tham s/cc lnh vc.Trong ch SMS DPU, TPDUs (Transport Protocol Data Units) nh dng hexa l cc ng vo v ng ra. u v thn ca cc tin nhn SMS c m ha theo dng TPDUs. Sau y l mt th d cho nhng trnh by ni trn. gi mt tin nhn SMS "It is easy to send text messages." n mt s in thoi +85291234567 th dng lnh sau nn c s dng trong ch SMS text. Trong khi bn thy cc di y, u s ca s in thoi ch v cc u s ca cc s in thoi khc na c m ha theo dy s hexa. AT+CMGS=42<CR>07915892000000F001000B915892214365F7000021493A283D 0795C3F33C88FE06CDECLAREB6E32885EC6D341EDF27C1E3E97E72E <Ctrl+z> D dng trong s dng Khi cc bn xem tt c cc v d trc th bn s cm thy tht l d dng s dng cc lnh AT trong ch SMS text. Bn khng cn phi hc v cc loi cu trc khc nhau ca TPDUs dng bit hay l cc m ha hay gii m cc chui s hexa. Cc c im h tr ca tn nhn SMS Mc d s dng cc lnh AT rt d dng trong ch SMS text, nhng n li h tr t cc c im v tin nhn SMS hn l ch SMS DPU. iu ny l do bn khng th hon tt cc iu khin da trn cc gi tr u v than6cua3 tin nhn trong ch SMS text. Mt vi nhim v c th c hon thnh trong ch text, i hi ngi lp trnh phi hiu bit v ch PDU v TPDU. Th d, yu cu mt bn tin trng thi t SMSC trong ch SMS text th bn phi t bit 5 ca 8 bt u tin trong SMS-SUBMIT TPDU thnh 1 bng lnh AT +CCMP (tn lnh dng text:
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Set Text Mode Parameters). Cc nhim v tng t bao gm thit lp chu k hp l cho tin nhn v gi mt tin nhn SMS dng flash (ngha l n ngay lp tc xut hin trn mn hnh in thoi khi n n a ch ch). 6. Gi cc tin nhn SMS t mt my tnh/PC s dng cc lnh AT (AT+CMGS, AT+CMSS) Ch SMS DPU c nhiu h tr ph bin hn dnh cho in thoi hay modem GSM/GPRS hn l cho ch SMS text. C hai lnh AT+CMGS (tn lnh dng text:Send Message) v +CMSS(tn lnh dng text: Send Message From Storage) u c th c s dng gi cc tin nhn SMS t mt my tnh (PC). S khc nhau c bn bn gia chng l lnh AT +CMGS ly cc tin nhn SMS nh l mt tham s,trong khi lnh AT+CMSS ly cc s index m ch r v tr ca tin nhn SMS trong khu vc lu tr tin nhn nh l mt tham s. Nhng trnh by sau y l mt th d lm sng t s khc nhau ny. Gi s rng bn mun gi mt tin nhn dng text "Sending text messages is easy." T mt my tnh bn (PC) ti mt s thoi di ng 091234567 s dng lnh AT +CMGS ch SMS text. V sau y l dng lnh c s dng: AT+CMGS="91234567"<CR>Sending text messages is easy.<Ctrl+z> Cn nu cng mun gi text nhng s dng lnh AT +CMSS th u tin bn phi s dng lnh AT+CMGW (tn lnh dng text: Write Message to Memory) vit text tin nhn ti khu vc lu tr tin nhn. Trong ch SMS text th dng lnh s nh sau: AT+CMGW="91234567"<CR>Sending text messages is easy.<Ctrl+z> Gi th chng ta c th ni text tin nhn SMS by gi c nh v ti index 3 ca vng lu tr tin nhn. Ban5co1 th s dng lnh AT +CMSS gi text tin nhn n trung tm tin nhn bng dng lnh sau: AT+CMSS=3 Khi khong gian lu tr b gii hn, nu nh mi text tin nhn SMS gi c vng lu tr tin nhn th s c mt thi im khi m khng c thm cc text tin nhn SMS no c th c vit. gii thot khng gian lu tr, bn c th s dng lnh AT +CMGD (tn lnh dng text: Delete Message) xa cc text tin nhn SMS vng lu tr tin nhn,n nh sau: AT+CMGD=3 Khi bn thy dng lnh trn, gi mt tin nhn SMS bng lnh AT +CMSS l mt s nng n v bit, bi v n bao gm nhiu bc v cc lnh AT. Tuy nhin,mt bn copy ca tin nhn SMS gi c lu vng lu tr tin nhn. iu ny khng th t c vi lnh AT +CMGS.
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
Trong mt vi tnh hung, c nhiu thun li gi cc tin nhn SMS bng lnh AT +CMSS hn l dng lnh AT +CMGS. V d, nu nh bn phi gi cc tin nhn tng t nhau n nhiu ngi nhn th s dng lnh At +CMSS s thun li hn: AT+CMSS=3,"91234567" AT+CMSS=3,"97777777" AT+CMSS=3,"96666666" 7. c cc tin nhn SMS t mt khu vc lu tr tin nhn s dng cc lnh AT (AT+CMGR, AT+CMGL) kch hot s dng mt my tnh bn (PC) cho vic c cc tin nhn SMS t mt khu vc lu tr tin nhn, th modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng phi c h tr c hai lnh AT+CMGR (tn lnh dng text: Read Messages) v lnh AT+CMGL (tn lnh dng text: List Messages). Lnh AT+CMGR c s dng c mt tin nhn SMS ti mt v tr no trong khu vc lu tr tin nhn. Trng thi c th l : "received unread", "received read", "stored unsent", "stored sent",Cn lnh AT+CMGL cng cho php bn ly tt c cc tin nhn SMS c lu tr trong khu vc lu tr tin nhn. Nhng trnh by sau l mt v d nhm gip hiu r c s khc nhau gia +CMGR v +CMGL. Gi s rng bn mun s dng my tnh c mt text tin nhn t mt khu vc lu tr tin nhn v bn cng bit ch s ca text tin nhn SMS l ch no. Trong trng hp ny th bn nn s dng lnh AT+CMGR. V y l dng lnh c nh vo(gi s rng text tin nhn c lu tr ti v tr c ch s l 3): AT+CMGR=3 Modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi s phn hi li nh sau: +CMGR: "REC READ","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:12:05+32". Hello, welcome to our SMS tutorial. OK Gi s bay gi bn li trong mt tnh hung khc. Bn mun s dng my tnh bn (PC) ly v tt c cc tin nhn SMS m bn cha c trc . Trong trng hp ny th bn s dng lnh AT+CMGL. Trong ch SMS text th dng lnh c s dng l: AT+CMGL="REC UNREAD" Modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi s phn hi li nh sau: +CMGL: 1,"REC UNREAD","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:05:10+32" Reading text messages is easy.
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
+CMGL: 2,"REC UNREAD","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:07:22+32" A simple demo of SMS text messaging. OK Lnh AT+CMGL cng c th c dng c tt c cc tin nhn m c lu tr trong khu vc lu tr tin nhn. lm c nh vy trong ch SMS text th dng lnh s l: AT+CMGL="ALL" thi im ny th phn hi ca Modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng s nh sau: +CMGL: 1,"REC READ","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:05:10+32" Reading text messages is easy. +CMGL: 2,"REC READ","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:07:22+32" A simple demo of SMS text messaging. +CMGL: 3,"REC READ","+85291234567",,"07/02/18,00:12:05+32" Hello, welcome to our SMS tutorial. OK Vi nhng g bn thy nhng dng trn, lnh AT+CMGR ch c th c s dng c 1 tin nhn SMS ti mt thi im trong khi lnh AT+CMGL c th c s dng c nhiu tin nhn ti cng mt thi im. Mt s khc nhau khc na gia hai lnh AT+CMGR v AT+CMGL l lnh AT+CMGR c th c s dng ly nhiu chi tit tin nhn hn l lnh AT+CMGL khi cac1 modem GSM/.GPRS hay cc in thoi di ng ang hot ng ch SMS text.Sau y l cac1chi tit tin nhn c th ly c bng cch s dng lnh AT+CMGR ch SMS text. + Trng thi ca tin nhn SMS ("received unread", "received read", "stored unsent", "stored sent",) + S in thoi ca ngi gi/ngi nhn c lu tr trong phn u ca tin nhn SMS v kiu ca s in thoi. + Text lin quan ti s in thoi ca ngi gi/ngi nhn nm trong danh b in thoi. + Thi gian v ngy tin nhn SMS n SMSC (ch cho php vi cc tin nhn SMS n) + Tm bit u tin (1 octet = 8 bits) ca TPDU (Transport Protocol Data Unit) ca tin nhn SMS. + Gi tr nhn dng protocol nm trongTPCU ca tin nhn SMS.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
148 -
n tt nghip
Ph Lc
+ Gi tr lc m ha d liu nm trong TPCU ca tin nhn SMS. + S SMSC c l tr cng vi tin nhn SMS v kiu s SMSC + Chu k hp l ca tin nhn SMS (ch cho php tin nhn SMS i) + Thn ca tin nhn SMS v chiu di ca n. Sau y l cc chi tit tin nhn c th ly c bng cch s dng lnh AT+CMGL ch SMS text: + S index nhm nh r v tr ca tin nhn SMS trong vng lu tr tin nhn. + Trng thi ca tin nhn SMS ("received unread", "received read", "stored unsent", "stored sent") + S in thoi ca ngi gi/ngi nhn c lu tr trong phn u ca tin nhn SMS v kiu ca s in thoi. + Text lin quan ti s in thoi ca ngi gi/ngi nhn nm trong danh b in thoi. + Thi gian v ngy tin nhn SMS n SMSC (ch cho php vi cc tin nhn SMS n) + Thn ca tin nhn SMS v chiu di ca n. Nu bn so snh hai list trn, bn s nhn ra rng cc chi tit tin nhn sau ch c th c ly bng cc lnh AT+CMGR ch khng phi lnh AT+CMGL: + Tm bit u tin ca TPCU ca tin nhn SMS. + Gi tr nhn dng protocol trong TPCU ca tin nhn SMS. + Ga tr lc m ha d liu trong TPCU ca tin nhn SMS. + S SMSC c lu tr cng vi tin nhn SMS v kiu ca s SMSC. + Chu k gi tr ca tin nhn SMS (ch cho php vi cc tin nhn SMS i). Ch : Nu modem GSM/GPRS hay in thoi di ng ang hot ng ch SMS PDU th cc chi tit tin nhn c th c ly bng hai lnh AT+CMGR v lnh AT+CMGL l nh nhau.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
149 -
n tt nghip
Hng Dn S Dng Phn Mm
HNG DN S DNG PHN MM

oo
Phn mm c vit da trn ngn ng lp trnh Visual Basic. Net ca hng Microsoft. Khi to thnh file thc thi th i hi cn c mt nn my o chy chng trnh. gi l Net Framework 2.0 hoc cao hn. Phn mm c chy theo mt quy trnh nh sau : Khi khi ng phn mm th cn phi ng nhp mi c th m chng trnh.
Sau khi ang nhp thnh cng th ta cn phi thit lp cc thuc tnh c th iu khin thit b. Vic thit lp nh sau: Chn tn cng cn kt ni. Chng trnh s t pht hin ra tn cng ang s dng. Nu cha pht hin hay vic kt ni thit b sau khi khi ng phn mm th bm nt Refresh
Chn tc Baud cho Modem in thoi
Chn thuc tnh cho thit b bng cch Click vo nt Properties. Trong bng thuc tnh ny c cc thnh phn nh Baudrate, Databit, Stopbit, Parity, Handshaking. Baudrate : chn tc Baud cho vic ng b 2 thit b, mc nh l 2400 Stopbit : chn s lng stopbit cho vic ng b vi thit b, mc nh l One Parity : chn phng thc bo li chn, l hoc khng chn, mc nh l None Handshaking : chn phng thc bt tay, kim tra xem thit b c mun truyn nhn d liu hay khng? Mc nh l None
GVHD_Trn Thu H
150 -
n tt nghip
Hng Dn S Dng Phn Mm
Sau khi thc hin cc thao tc trn, lc ny ta mi c th cho m cng. Nu cha thc hin nhng bc trn th s xut hin thng bo Bn cha chn cc thuc tnh. Lm n hy chn thuc tnh trc khi m cng Sau khi m cng th ta c th iu khin c thit b thng qua nt bm v tin nhn SMS, xem nhit , cc s kin xy ra c mi 5s, v biu hin th nhit o c. Mun iu khin bng tin nhn SMS th ta cn nm cc lnh iu khin : light1 on/off : n 1 bt/tt light2 on/off : n 2 bt/tt light12 on/off : n 1 v 2 bt/tt Nt Security c nhim v thay i mt khu khi ng chng trnh v s in thoi cho php iu khin cc thit b khi bt phn mm
GVHD_Trn Thu H
151 -
n tt nghip
Hng Dn S Dng Phn Mm
Khi mun ci t lch lm vic Schedule Tasks cho h thng. Nhn nt Schedule . Khi nhn xong th thc hin cc thao tc trong Form
Chn ngy gi v nhp s kin sau nhn nt Add. Nhn nt Confirm chp nhn. Khi sau nhn Exit thot ra, nu mun xa th bm Clear Mun nhn tin n s in thoi khc th son tin nhn ti:
Bm Send gi i.
GVHD_Trn Thu H
152 -
n tt nghip
Ti Liu Tham Kho
TI LIU THAM KHO

1. NGUYN HU PHNG - MCH S - NH XUT BN THNG K. 2. NGUYN NH PH - VI X L 2 - TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT. 3. HONG MINH SN MNG TRUYN THNG CNG NGHIP NXB KHOA HC V K THUT 2006. 4. DOGAN IBRAHIM PIC BASIC PROJECTS 30 PROJECTS USING PIC BASIC AND PIC BASIC PRO. 5. JAN AXELSON SERIAL PORT COMPLETE SECOND EDITION. 6. NGUYN TIN AN - N TT NGHIP THIT K H THNG IU KHIN NGI NH T NG - TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT. 7. TRN NGC MINH, L ANH TI - N TT NGHIP IU KHIN CC THIT B IN TRONG NH QUA MNG INTERNET - TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT. 8. MT S TRANG WEB: www.codeproject.com www.dientuvietnam.com www.picvietnam.com www.deverlopershome.com
GVHD_Trn Thu H
153 -

Điều khiển thiết bị bằng sms

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Điều khiển thiết bị bằng sms

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

n tt nghip

B Gio Dc V o To Trng i Hc S Phm K Thut Thnh Ph H Ch Minh ----oo----

Cng Ha X Hi Ch Ngha Vit Nam c lp T Do Hnh Phc ----oo----

KHOA IN - IN T B MN IN T CNG NGHIP

Danh mc cc bng Danh mc cc hnh Phn B Ni dung Chng 1 Dn nhp

3.2. Tng quan v h thng truyn d liu

3.2.3 Giao tip song song bt ng b

3.2.4 Giao tip ni tip bt ng b

3.3.2 Giao tip in thoi vi my tnh qua USB Modem .30

4.4.1 Khi x l trung tm ...43 4.4.2 Khi cm bin .63

6.2. Giao din phn mm trn my tnh

Bng 13 Cc lnh iu khin hin th LCD.

Hnh 23 S chu k Tad.

..53 ..55 .59

Hnh 31 S kt ni vi iu khin PIC vi LCD v Keypad.

Hnh 33 S chn ca LCD trong thc t. .67 68 .71

Hnh 47 Giao din iu khin, hin th ca phn mm trn my tnh. .93

Hnh 49 Kt ni cc thit b vi my tnh thng modem GSM

Hnh 50 S khi iu khin cc thit b trong nh thng qua mng Internet

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

TRUYN D LIU V GIAO TIP MY TNH

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Hnh 57 Cu trc giao tip ni tip bt ng b

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Hnh 59 Hnh dng u kt ni hai loi cp 9 v 25 chn

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Pht hin b vn chuyn d liu D liu u cui sn sng Ring Indicator

- in dung ti C khng qu 2500 pF

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

From Modem From Terminal/Computer From Modem From Modem

Bng 15 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232

Bng 16 Kt ni loi 25 chn vi 25 chn chun RS232

Chn 2 3 4 5 6+1 3 2 6+1 5 4

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Bng 17 Kt ni loi 9 chn vi 9 chn chun RS232

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Sau chn No, not this time ri bm Next

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Sau khi nhp vo file SETUP, ta thy xut hin bng yu cu

Bm Next tip tc vic ci t Sau xut hin bng yu cu sau

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Sau chn tab Hardware trn bng System Properties:

Chn Device Manager

Chng 3 Truyn D Liu v Giao Tip My Tnh

Sau hin ra bng iu hnh cc thit b kt ni :

Nhp vo mc Modem thy xut hin mt Modem va ci t l Motorola USB Modem.

Ta nhp chut phi chn Properties