I HC S PHM H NI

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Chuyen e: TCH PHAN

I/ KIN THC CN NH
Nguyn hm ca hm s s cp

Nguyn hm ca cc hm s thng gp

1)

dx = x + c

1)

2)

x dx =

2)

3)
4)
5)
6)

x +1
+c
+1

x dx = ln x + c
cos x.dx = sin x + c
sin x.dx = cos x + c
1
cos x .dx = tgx + c

3)
4)
5)

sin

.dx = cot gx + c
x
x
x
8) e dx = e + c
7)

9)

dx =

6)
7)

a
+c
ln a

8)

1 (ax + b) +1
+c
a +1
1
1
ax + b dx = a ln ax + b + c
1
cos( ax + b)dx = a sin( ax + b) + c
1
sin( ax + b)dx = a cos( ax + b) + c
1
1
cos 2 (ax + b) dx = a tg (ax + b) + c
1
1
sin 2 (ax + b) dx = a cot g x + c
1 ax +b
ax + b
e dx = a e + c
1 a mx + n
mx + n
a dx = m ln a + c

(ax + b)dx =

II PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN

A. PHNG PHP I BIN S:
b

Dng I :

f(x)dx .
a

t x = (t) vi l hm s c o hm lin tc trn on [;] v a = ( );b = ()

Khi

b
f(x)dx = f((t)) '(t)dt
a

Cc bi ton dng I:
a)

f(x) = k 2x

2 2

t x = ksint vi t [ ; ]
1

V d 1 : Tnh

4 x2dx

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I HC S PHM H NI

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 2

Ta t x = 2sint vi t [ ; ]
x = 2sint dx = 2costdt

x = 0 t = 0

x = 1 t = 6

Vy

4 x2dx = 4 cost costdt

0

1
= 4 cos2 tdt = 2 [1+ cos2t]dt = 2(t + sin2t)
2
0
0
0
=

3
+
3 2
1

f(x) =

b)

k x2

2 2

t x = ksint vi t ( ; )

V d 2 : Tnh

1
2

1
2

1 x

dx

2 2

Ta t x = sint vi t ( ; )
x = sint dx = costdt

x = 0 t = 0

x = 2 t = 6

Vy

1
2

1 x2dx =

= dt =
0

cost
dt
cost

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------f(x) =

c)

1
2

x + k2

t x = ktant;t ( ; )
2 2
2 3

V d 3 : Tnh

dx
x2 + 4

2 2

x = 2tant vi t ( ; )

x = 2tant dx = 2.

1
dt = 2(1+ tan2 t)dt
2
cos t

x = 0 t = 0

x = 2 3 t = 3

Vy
2 3

2(1+ tan2 t)dt

dx
=
4(1+ tan2 t)

x2 + 4
0
1

dt =

20
6
b

Dng II : f((x)) '(x)dx .

a

t t = (x) dt = '(x)dx vi = (a); = (b) v F(t) l 1 nguyn hm ca f(t).

b

Khi

f((x)) '(x)dx=
a

V d 1 : Tnh

(b)

(b)

f(t)dt
= F(t)

(a)

(a)

2x + 1

x2 + x + 1dx
0

1
d(x2 + x + 1)
2
dx
=
=
ln(x
+
x
+
1)
= ln3
x2 + x + 1 x2 + x + 1
0
0
0

2x + 1

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------e

V d 2:

sin(lnx)
dx
x
1

e sin(lnx)
e
e
dx = sin(lnx)d(lnx) = cos(lnx) = [cos(lne) cos(ln1)] = 1 cos1

1
1 x
1
B. PHNG PHP TCH PHN TNG PHN
I.Cng thc tnh tch phn tng phn:
Nu u = u(x) v v = v(x) l hai hm s c o hm lin tc trn on [a;b].
b b
b
udv
=
uv
vdu

a
a a

Th

du=u'(x)dx
u=u(x)
t

dv=v(x) v= v(x)dx=V(x)+C
b
Ta chn C = 0 suy ra v(x)dx = V(x)
a
V d 1:
1
Tnh x.e x dx
0
u=x
du=dx
t

x
x
dv=e dx V=e
V d 2:

Tnh xcosxdx.
0

u=x
du=dx

t
dv=cosxdx V=sinx
V d 3:
Tnh

2xlnxdx
1

dx

u=lnx
du=

x
t
dv=2xdx V=x 2

V d 4:

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tnh
t

1 2 x
x e dx
0
u = x2

du = 2xdx

x
x
dv = e dx V = e

II Cc dng c bn: Da vo cc v d trn ,ta suy ra cch t nh bng sau

Hm s f(x)

t u(x)

at d(v(x))

P(x)sin(ax+b)

P(x)

Sin(ax+b)dx

P(x)cos(ax+b)

P(x)

Cos(ax+b)dx

P(x)ln(ax+b)

Ln(ax+b)

P(x)dx

ax+b
P(x)e

P(x)

ax+b
e
dx

ax+b
Sin(ax+b)dx
e
(hoacsin(ax
+b))
ax+b
ax+b
Cos(ax+b)dx
e
cos(ax+b)
e
(hoac
cos(ax+b))
ax+b
Dng tch phn hai ln vi u=e
ax+b
e
sin(ax+b)

III. PHNG PHP TCH PHN HM HU T

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b

Tch phn dng :

P(x)

Q(x) dx ;P(x) v Q(x) l cc a thc.

a

Nu bc P(x) ln hn hoc bng th ta phi chia P(x) cho Q(x).Ta xt trng hp bc ca P(x)
nh hn bc Q(x).

dx
(a,c 0)
Dng 1: I =
(ax + b)(cx + d)
P(x)

Xc nh cc s A;B sao cho :

(ax + b)(cx + d)

P(x)dx
Dng 2:
(x )(ax2 + bx + c)

A
ax + b

B
cx + d

(a 0)

Nu > 0: Xc nh cc s A;B;C sao cho :

P(x)dx
A
B
C
=
+
+
; trong x1;x2 l hai nghim ca pt:
(x )(ax2 + bx + c) x x x1 x x2
ax2 + bx + c = 0
Nu = 0: Xc nh cc s A;B;C sao cho
P(x)dx
A
B
C
(x )(ax2 + bx + c)

+
trong x0 l nghim kp ca pt:
(x x0) (x x0)2

ax2 + bx + c = 0
Nu < 0: Xc nh cc s A;D;E sao cho :
P(x)dx
A
Dx + E
=
+ 2
ta bin i
2
(x )(ax + bx + c) x ax + bx + c

D
2ax + b
bD
dx
I= 2
dx = 2
dx + E
; a v cc dng
2
2a
2a
ax
+
bx
+
c
ax
+
bx
+
c
ax
+
bx
+
c

Dx + E

ta bit tnh trn.

P(x)dx
Dng 3:
(ax + b)n
P(x)

A1

(a 0) ;Xc nh cc s : A1;A 2.........;A n sao cho:

A2

+
2

A3

+ .... +
3

(ax + b)n ax + b (ax + b)

(ax + b)

P(x)dx
(a;c 0) ;
Hoc
(ax + b)n(cx + d)m

An

ta t t = ax + b tnh .

(ax + b)n

Xc nh cc s : A1;A 2.........;A n ; B1;B2.........;Bm sao cho:

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P(x)
(ax + b)n(cx + d)m

B3

+ ....
3

(cx + d)

A1
ax + b

A2

+ ... +
2

(ax + b)

An

+
n

(ax + b)

B1
cx + d

B2
(cx + d)2

Bm
(cx + d)m

V d 1: Tnh tch phn sau : I =

x2 5x + 6 dx
0

dx
dx
4
I= 2
dx =

= ln ( > 0 )
x 3 0 x 2
3
0 x 5x + 6
0
V d 2: Tnh tch phn sau : I =

dx

x2 + x + 1
0

I=

0x

+ x+1

(c dng f(x) =
t x +

dx

1 3
x + 2 + 4

1
2

dx

x + k2

dx
2

2
1 3 ( < 0)
x + 2 + 2

1
3
3
=
tant dx =
(tan2 t + 1)dt
2 2
2

3
2
9
0 x + x+1

I=

dx

2
dx
V d 3: Tnh tch phn sau : I = 2
0x 8x + 16
2
2
dx
dx
1
I=
=
=
( = 0)
0x2 8x + 16
(x 4)2 4

Dng ng nht thc

V d 4 : Tnh tch phn sau :
3 2x2 + 41x 91
A=
2(x 1)(x2 x 12)
3
3
3
3 2x2 + 41x 91
4
5
7
=
dx
+
dx

dx
x

4
x

3
2(x 1)(x2 x 12) 2 x 1
2
2

A=

V d 5 : Tnh tch phn sau :

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

4x 1

B=

3
2
0 x + 2x + x + 2
1

dx
1

4x 1

1 9x + 2
9 dx
B= 3
dx
=
dx

2
5 0 x2 + 1
5 0 x + 2
0 x + 2x + x + 2
V d 6 : Tnh tch phn sau :
3

C=

x+1
2

2 x (x 1)
3
x+1

dx
3

dx

dx
dx
C= 2
dx = 2 2 + 2
x
x1
2 x (x 1)
2x
2
2

5 3x 7
dx
V d 7 : Tnh tch phn sau : D = 2
4x 5x + 6
5

3x 7

dx
dx
D= 2
dx =
+ 2
= ln6
x

2
x

3
x

5x
+
6
4
4
4
V d 8 : Tnh tch phn sau : I =

(x + 1)3 dx
0

dx
1
dx
=

+
=

3
3
2
8
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 1)

I=

V d 9 : Tnh tch phn sau I =

dx

dx

(x2 + 3x + 2)2
0

1
1
dx
dx
dx
I= 2
dx
=

dx
=
+

x + 1 x + 2
(x + 1)2 (x + 2)2 (x + 1)(x + 2)
2
0 (x + 3x + 2)
0
0
0
0
1

dx

dx
dx
dx
2
9
+

2
+
2
=
+
ln
x + 1 x + 2 3 16
2
2
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 2)
0
0

BI TP NGH:
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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
dx
a.
0 (x2 + 3x + 2)
1 (2x + 3)dx
c. 2
0 (x + 3x + 2)2
0

(2x + 5)dx

e. 2
1 x + 2x + 2
1 (x7 + x2 + x)
g.
dx
6
0

x +1

b.

dx

0 (x2 + 3x + 2)2
1 (2x + 4)dx
d.
0 (x2 + 3x + 2)2
1 x2dx

f.

0x6 + 1
1 x4 + 1dx
h. 6
0 x +1

MT S VN NNG CAO V TCH PHN HM LNG GIC

m
n
1. Dng sin x cos xdx

( m, n )

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I HC S PHM H NI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.1. Trng hp trong hai s m,n c t nht mt s l.

* Nu ly tha ca cosx l th ta bin i u = s inx .
3
2
2
2
VD: cos xdx = cos x.cos xdx = ( 1 sin x ) d ( s inx ) = ( 1 u ) du
* Nu ly tha ca sinx l th ta bin i u = cos x

3
2
2
2
2
2
VD: sin x.cos xdx = sin x.cos xd ( cos x ) = ( u 1) u du
1.2. Trng hp c hai s m,n chn ta dng cng thc h bc bi ton n gin hn.
2. Dng {sin mx.cos nx,sin mx.sin nx, cos mx.cos nx}dx : S dng cng thc bin tch thnh tng

tan m x
cosn x dx
3.1. Nu ly tha ca cosx l chn th ta bin i u = t anx
1
s inx
3.2. Nu ly tha ca tanx l l th ta bin i u =
, ch u ' =
cos x
cos 2 x
tan 6 x
tan 6 x 1
VD1:
dx =
dx = u 6 ( 1 + u 2 ) du
4
2
2
cos x
cos x cos x
5
2
tan x
tan 4 x s inx
VD2:
dx
=
. 2 dx = u 6 ( u 2 1) du
7
6

cos x
cos x cos x
s inx
1
1

3
2
dx = ( u2 1) du = u du
VD3: tan xdx = cos x.tan x.
2
cos x
u
u

3. Dng

x
x
4. Dng e sin ax, e cos bx

u = e x
u = e x
1
( ) v
( 2)
Phng php: Tch phn tng phn 2 ln vi
dv = sin ax
dv = cos ax
sau th (2) v (1) tnh tch phn cho.
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