B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

( thi c 06 trang)

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2010 Mn: HO HC; Khi B Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht M thi 395

H, tn th sinh: .......................................................................... S bo danh: ............................................................................

Cho bit nguyn t khi (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t: H = 1; Be = 9; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Sr = 88; Ag = 108; Ba = 137; Pb = 207. I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40) Cu 1: in phn (vi in cc tr) 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 nng x mol/l, sau mt thi gian thu c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 8 gam so vi dung dch ban u. Cho 16,8 gam bt st vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 12,4 gam kim loi. Gi tr ca x l A. 1,25. B. 2,25. C. 1,50. D. 3,25. Cu 2: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Thu phn X to ra hai ancol n chc c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l A. CH3OCO-COOC3H7. B. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5. C. C2H5OCO-COOCH3. D. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5. Cu 3: Cho 13,74 gam 2,4,6-trinitrophenol vo bnh kn ri nung nng nhit cao. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c x mol hn hp kh gm: CO2, CO, N2 v H2. Gi tr ca x l A. 0,60. B. 0,36. C. 0,54. D. 0,45. Cu 4: Nung 2,23 gam hn hp X gm cc kim loi Fe, Al, Zn, Mg trong oxi, sau mt thi gian thu c 2,71 gam hn hp Y. Ho tan hon ton Y vo dung dch HNO3 (d), thu c 0,672 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). S mol HNO3 phn ng l A. 0,14. B. 0,16. C. 0,18. D. 0,12. Cu 5: Thy phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y (MX < MY). Bng mt phn ng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l A. metyl propionat. B. etyl axetat. C. vinyl axetat. D. metyl axetat. Cu 6: Pht biu no sau y khng ng khi so snh tnh cht ha hc ca nhm v crom? A. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi dung dch HCl theo cng t l v s mol. B. Nhm c tnh kh mnh hn crom. C. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha trong dung dch H2SO4 c ngui. D. Nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v trong nc. Cu 7: Trn 10,8 gam bt Al vi 34,8 gam bt Fe3O4 ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Ho tan hon ton hn hp rn sau phn ng bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c 10,752 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hiu sut ca phn ng nhit nhm l A. 60%. B. 70%. C. 80%. D. 90%. Cu 8: Cc cht u khng b thu phn trong dung dch H2SO4 long nng l: A. polietilen; cao su buna; polistiren. B. t capron; nilon-6,6; polietilen. C. nilon-6,6; poli(etylen-terephtalat); polistiren. D. poli(vinyl axetat); polietilen; cao su buna. Cu 9: t chy hon ton m gam FeS2 bng mt lng O2 va , thu c kh X. Hp th ht X vo 1 lt dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,15M v KOH 0,1M, thu c dung dch Y v 21,7 gam kt ta. Cho Y vo dung dch NaOH, thy xut hin thm kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 24,0. B. 23,2. C. 12,6. D. 18,0.

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Cu 10: Hn hp X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c dung dch Y cha (m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch Z cha (m+36,5) gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 165,6. B. 171,0. C. 123,8. D. 112,2. Cu 11: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Nh dung dch NH3 t t ti d vo dung dch AlCl3, thu c kt ta trng. B. Dung dch Na2CO3 lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn sang mu hng. C. Trong cc dung dch: HCl, H2SO4, H2S c cng nng 0,01M, dung dch H2S c pH ln nht. D. Nh dung dch NH3 t t ti d vo dung dch CuSO4, thu c kt ta xanh. Cu 12: Mt loi phn supephotphat kp c cha 69,62% mui canxi ihirophotphat, cn li gm cc cht khng cha photpho. dinh dng ca loi phn ln ny l A. 48,52%. B. 45,75%. C. 42,25%. D. 39,76%. Cu 13: Hn hp Z gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc X v Y (MX > MY) c tng khi lng l 8,2 gam. Cho Z tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho Z tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X trong Z l A. C3H5COOH v 54,88%. B. C2H3COOH v 43,90%. C. HCOOH v 45,12%. D. C2H5COOH v 56,10%. Cu 14: ipeptit mch h X v tripeptit mch h Y u c to nn t mt aminoaxit (no, mch h, trong phn t cha mt nhm -NH2 v mt nhm -COOH). t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y, thu c tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9 gam. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X, sn phm thu c cho li t t qua nc vi trong d, to ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 120. B. 45. C. 60. D. 30. Cu 15: Ha tan hon ton 2,45 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim th vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 1,25M, thu c dung dch Y cha cc cht tan c nng mol bng nhau. Hai kim loi trong X l A. Be v Mg. B. Mg v Sr. C. Be v Ca. D. Mg v Ca. 3+ Cu 16: Mt ion M c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn1 t M l A. [Ar]3d64s2. B. [Ar]3d34s2. C. [Ar]3d64s . D. [Ar]3d54s1. Cu 17: Kh hon ton m gam oxit MxOy cn va 17,92 lt kh CO (ktc), thu c a gam kim loi M. Ho tan ht a gam M bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng (d), thu c 20,16 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Oxit MxOy l A. FeO. B. Fe3O4. C. CrO. D. Cr2O3. Cu 18: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc, mch h, c cng s nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O (cc th tch kh o ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 11,20. B. 14,56. C. 4,48. D. 15,68. Cu 19: Cho phn ng: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH Phn ng ny chng t C6H5-CHO A. va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th hin tnh kh. B. ch th hin tnh kh. C. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho. D. ch th hin tnh oxi ho. Cu 20: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, to), to ra sn phm c kh nng phn ng vi Na l: A. C2H3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. B. C2H3CHO, CH3COOC2H3, C6H5COOH. C. CH3OC2H5, CH3CHO, C2H3COOH. D. C2H3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, C2H3COOH. Cu 21: Tng s hp cht hu c no, n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C5H10O2, phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng c phn ng trng bc l A. 8. B. 4. C. 9. D. 5.

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Cu 22: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2, u l cht rn iu kin thng. Cht X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, gii phng kh. Cht Y c phn ng trng ngng. Cc cht X v Y ln lt l A. axit 2-aminopropionic v amoni acrylat. B. amoni acrylat v axit 2-aminopropionic. C. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat. D. axit 2-aminopropionic v axit 3-aminopropionic. Cu 23: Cho s chuyn ho sau: C2H2 t X Y + Cao su buna-N. +H2 , t o xt, to , xt, Z
o

Pd, PbCO3

Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: B. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; A. axetanehit; ancol etylic; butaacrilonitrin. D. benzen; xiclohexan; 1,3-ien. C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3amoniac. ien; stiren. Cu 24: Ho tan hon ton 2,44 gam hn hp bt X gm FexOy v Cu bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng (d). Sau phn ng thu c 0,504 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch cha 6,6 gam hn hp mui sunfat. Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l A. 26,23%. B. 39,34%. C. 65,57%. D. 13,11%. Cu 25: Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 11,25. t chy hon ton 4,48 lt X, thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (cc th tch kh o ktc). Cng thc ca ankan v anken ln lt l A. CH4 v C2H4. B. CH4 v C3H6. C. CH4 v C4H8. D. C2H6 v C2H4. Cu 26: Hn hp X gm 1 ancol v 2 sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca X so vi hiro bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng ng s gim 3,2 gam. Cho Y tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca propan-1-ol trong X l A. 16,3%. B. 65,2%. C. 48,9%. D. 83,7%. Cu 27: C 4 dung dch ring bit: CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AgNO3. Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh Ni. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l A. 1. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 28: Cc cht m phn t khng phn cc l: A. NH3, Br2, C2H4. B. HBr, CO2, CH4. C. HCl, C2H2, Br2. D. Cl2, CO2, C2H2. Cu 29: Trong cc cht: xiclopropan, benzen, stiren, metyl acrylat, vinyl axetat, imetyl ete, s cht c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l A. 3. B. 5. C. 6. D. 4. Cu 30: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. CF2Cl2 b cm s dng do khi thi ra kh quyn th ph hy tng ozon. B. Trong phng th nghim, N2 c iu ch bng cch un nng dung dch NH4NO2 bo ho. C. Dung dch m c ca Na2SiO3 v K2SiO3 c gi l thy tinh lng. D. m chy magie c th c dp tt bng ct kh. Cu 31: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch: CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2CO3, KHSO4, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl. S trng hp c to ra kt ta l A. 5. B. 4. C. 7. D. 6. Cu 32: Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ho m gam X cn 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l A. 0,010. B. 0,005. C. 0,020. D. 0,015. Cu 33: Cho dung dch X cha KMnO4 v H2SO4 (long) ln lt vo cc dung dch: FeCl2, FeSO4,

CuSO4, MgSO4, H2S, HCl (c). S trng hp c xy ra phn ng oxi ho - kh l A. 6. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

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Cu 34: Cho s chuyn ho: X +H3PO4 Y +KOH Z. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. KH2PO4, K3PO4, K2HPO4. B. K3PO4, K2HPO4, KH2PO4. C. K3PO4, KH2PO4, K2HPO4. D. KH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4. Cu 35: Cho 150 ml dung dch KOH 1,2M tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 nng x mol/l, thu c dung dch Y v 4,68 gam kt ta. Loi b kt ta, thm tip 175 ml dung dch KOH 1,2M vo Y, thu c 2,34 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l A. 1,0. B. 0,9. C. 1,2. D. 0,8. Cu 36: Cho cc cn bng sau: P2O5
+KOH

(I) 2HI (k) H2 (k) + I2 (k); (II) CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2 (k); (III) FeO (r) + CO (k) Fe (r) + CO2 (k); (IV) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k). Khi gim p sut ca h, s cn bng b chuyn dch theo chiu nghch l A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 37: Cc dung dch phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l: A. lng trng trng, fructoz, axeton. B. glixerol, axit axetic, glucoz. C. anehit axetic, saccaroz, axit axetic. D. fructoz, axit acrylic, ancol etylic. Cu 38: Phng php loi b tp cht HCl c ln trong kh H2S l: Cho hn hp kh li t t qua mt lng d dung dch A. Pb(NO3)2. B. NaHS. C. NaOH. D. AgNO3. Cu 39: Cho hn hp M gm anehit X (no, n chc, mch h) v hirocacbon Y, c tng s mol l 0,2 (s mol ca X nh hn ca Y). t chy hon ton M, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Hirocacbon Y l A. C3H6. B. C2H4. C. CH4. D. C2H2. Cu 40: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin no, mch h X bng oxi va , thu c 0,5 mol hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), s mol HCl phn ng l A. 0,4. B. 0,3. C. 0,1. D. 0,2. _________________________________________________________________________________ II. PHN RING [10 cu] Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B) A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50) Cu 41: Pht biu no sau y ng? A. Dy cc cht: C2H5Cl, C2H5Br, C2H5I c nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi. B. Dung dch phenol lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn thnh mu hng. C. un ancol etylic 140oC (xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c imetyl ete. D. Khi un C2H5Br vi dung dch KOH ch thu c etilen. Cu 42: Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp hai ln s mol Y) v este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH, to ra 16,4 gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l A. CH3COOH v CH3OH. B. CH3COOH v C2H5OH. C. HCOOH v CH3OH. D. HCOOH v C3H7OH.

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Cu 43: Cho mt s nhn nh v nguyn nhn gy nhim mi trng khng kh nh sau: (1) Do hot ng ca ni la. (2) Do kh thi cng nghip, kh thi sinh hot. (3) Do kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng. (4) Do kh sinh ra t qu trnh quang hp ca cy xanh. 2+ (5) Do nng cao ca cc ion kim loi: Pb2+, Hg2+, Mn , Cu2+ trong cc ngun nc. Nhng nhn nh ng l: A. (1), (2), (3). B. (1), (2), (4). C. (2), (3), (5). D. (2), (3), (4). 2+ Cu 44: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca , Na+, HCO - v Cl-, trong s mol ca ion Cl- l 0,1. Cho 3 1/2 dung dch X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dung dch X cn li phn ng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn dung dch X th thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 9,26. B. 9,21. C. 8,79. D. 7,47. Cu 45: Cho cc cp cht vi t l s mol tng ng nh sau: (a) Fe3O4 v Cu (1:1); (b) Sn v Zn (2:1); (c) Zn v Cu (1:1); (d) Fe2(SO4)3 v Cu (1:1); (e) FeCl2 v Cu (2:1); (g) FeCl3 v Cu (1:1). S cp cht tan hon ton trong mt lng d dung dch HCl long nng l A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5. Cu 46: Hn hp X gm CuO v Fe2O3. Ho tan hon ton 44 gam X bng dung dch HCl (d), sau phn ng thu c dung dch cha 85,25 gam mui. Mt khc, nu kh hon ton 22 gam X bng CO (d), cho hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng li t t qua dung dch Ba(OH)2 (d) th thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 73,875. B. 78,875. C. 76,755. D. 147,750. Cu 47: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin (Ala), 1 mol valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c ipeptit Val-Phe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. Cht X c cng thc l A. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val. B. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly. C. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe. D. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. Cu 48: C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch bng phn ng cng H2 (xc tc Ni, to)? A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3. Cu 49: Hn hp bt X gm Cu, Zn. t chy hon ton m gam X trong oxi (d), thu c 40,3 gam hn hp gm CuO v ZnO. Mt khc, nu cho 0,25 mol X phn ng vi mt lng d dung dch KOH long nng, th thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l A. 39,63%. B. 59,44%. C. 19,81%. D. 29,72%. Cu 50: Cho cc cht: (1) axit picric; (2) cumen; (3) xiclohexanol; (4) 1,2-ihiroxi-4metylbenzen; (5) 4-metylphenol; (6) -naphtol. Cc cht thuc loi phenol l: A. (1), (2), (4), (6). B. (1), (4), (5), (6). C. (1), (3), (5), (6). D. (1), (2), (4), (5). B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60) Cu 51: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Ag khng phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long nhng phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng. B. Trong mi trng kim, mui Cr(III) c tnh kh v b cc cht oxi ho mnh chuyn thnh mui Cr(VI). C. CuO nung nng khi tc dng vi NH3 hoc CO, u thu c Cu. D. Do Pb2+/Pb ng trc 2H+/H2 trong dy in ho nn Pb d dng phn ng vi dung dch HCl long ngui, gii phng kh H2. Cu 52: Cht X c cc c im sau: phn t c nhiu nhm -OH, c v ngt, ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng, phn t c lin kt glicozit, lm mt mu nc brom. Cht X l A. glucoz. B. saccaroz. C. mantoz. D. xenluloz.
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Cu 53: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm ba ancol (n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng), thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng m gam X vi H2SO4 c th tng khi lng ete ti a thu c l A. 7,40 gam. B. 6,50 gam. C. 5,60 gam. D. 7,85 gam. Cu 54: nh gi s nhim kim loi nng trong nc thi ca mt nh my, ngi ta ly mt t nc, c c ri thm dung dch Na2S vo thy xut hin kt ta mu vng. Hin tng trn chng t nc thi2+b nhim bi ion A. Cu . B. Pb2+. C. Cd2+. D. Fe2+. Cu 55: Cho 0,3 mol bt Cu v 0,6 mol Fe(NO3)2 vo dung dch cha 0,9 mol H2SO4 (long). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 8,96. B. 10,08. C. 6,72. D. 4,48. Cu 56: Cho s chuyn ho: Fe3O4 + dung dch HI (d) X + Y + H2O. Bit X v Y l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh chuyn ho. Cc cht X v Y l A. FeI3 v I2. B. Fe v I2. C. FeI2 v I2. D. FeI3 v FeI2. Cu 57: Dung dch axit fomic 0,007M c pH = 3. Kt lun no sau y khng ng? A. Khi pha long 10 ln dung dch trn th thu c dung dch c pH = 4. B. in li ca axit fomic trong dung dch trn l 14,29%. C. in li ca axit fomic s gim khi thm dung dch HCl. D. Khi pha long dung dch trn th in li ca axit fomic tng. Cu 58: Trung ho hon ton 8,88 gam mt amin (bc mt, mch cacbon khng phn nhnh) bng axit HCl, to ra 17,64 gam mui. Amin c cng thc l A. H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2. B. H2NCH2CH2CH2NH2. C. H2NCH2CH2NH2. D. CH3CH2CH2NH2. Cu 59: Cho s phn ng: Stiren X +CtuO Y +Br+2 Z. ,2 +H O
H+ to
o

Trong X, Y, Z u l cc sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, C6H5CH2COOH. B. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, C6H5COCH2Br. C. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, m-BrC6H4CH2COOH. D. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, m-BrC6H4COCH3. Cu 60: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C5H10O. Cht X khng phn ng vi Na, tho mn s chuyn ho sau: X
+H Ni, o t2

Y +CHS3OC4OOH Este c mi chui chn.

H2 c

Tn ca X l A. 2-metylbutanal. C. pentanal.
------

B. 3-metylbutanal. D. 2,2imetylpropanal.

---------------------------------------------------- HT ----------

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