CHAPTER 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.

5 1200 kg yes if no water evaporates in which case less than 300 kg would remain (c) 20 kg The balance is satisfied but not exactly. The closure is good for industrial practice. Based on the process measurements, there are 5,000 lb/h more flow for the process leaving the heat exchanger than the feed rate to the heat exchanger; therefore, the material balance for the process fluid does not close. The reason for this discrepancy could be faulty flow sensor readings or possibly a leak of the condensate or steam into the process stream. After analyzing, the mass in does not equal to mass out. The following are maybe the reasons. (1) Some of the material was burned as fuel, (2) some of the material formed gases that were exhausted to the atmosphere (such as H2O, CO2), (3) errors on measurement, (4) some process steam are not shown. Balance is not exact but very good for an operating plant. Yes (1) Boundary - Around both pumps and include the soil at the end of the pipes. (2) Its an open system. (3) Its a steady state except at startup (not boundary limits fluid), or if fluid enters, unsteady state. Either open (flow) or close (batch) is acceptable if explanation is given. (1) flow material comes in and out continuously over a suitably long period of time. (2) batch material is injected into the system, and then in a short period of time, reaction occurs with the system valves closed. (a) closed (b) open (c) open (d) closed open system (OS), closed system (CS), steady state (SS), unsteady state (US): (a) OS, US (b) OS, US (c) OS-before filling, CS-after filling, SS-after filling, USbefore filling (d) CS,SS (a) open if you have to replace water, and water evaporates; otherwise closed. (b) open (a) unsteady state, open (b) unsteady state, open (c) steady state, open

6.6

6.8 6.9 6.10

6.11

6.12 6.13

6.14 6.16

6.17

If the overall flows in and out over a time period for several batches are considered, and the local batches ignore, the process can be treated as continuous. (a) water and air (b) insulation, air and what is in the atmosphere (c) yes (cold water in, hot water out) (d) yes If a reaction occurs, some of the entering moles will be used up, and new ones produced that exit but did not enter. (1) -31 kg (2) 179 min 30 kg (1) d, f (2) a, e (3) a, f (4) depends on the time period considered (5) b, f (6) c, d, g (7) c, f If the overall flows in and out over a time period for several batches are considered, and the local batches ignore, the process can be treated as continuous. It depends on the process if the interest no fixed answer can be given.

6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23

6.24

CHAPTER 7 7.1 7.2 (1) Four balances are possible, 3 component plus total. (2)Only 3 of the equations are independent If you specify F, P, W, you can calculate all of the stream variables. (a) unknown: 3 stream values F, P, W (plus two compositions if you take into account all of the variables) (b) the two known compositions are not given but maybe calculated from x1=t (c) two component exist, hence two independent material balances can be written. The problem cannot be solved unless one stream value is specified. No. The number of independent equation is just 3. The number of unknown quantities is 3, hence a unique solution is possible. Examine the row of C3H8. None of the concentrations are greater than the desired 50% so 50% is not achievable by any combination of A, B, or C. Or look at the CH4 row. No unique solution exists 1.40 0.125 kg/kg

7.3 7.4 7.8

7.9 7.13 7.14

CHAPTER 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 50 kg, Yes 750 1200 lb 0.0934 mg/mL 3334 lb 1700, 800 26.5 lb 1 16.5 g dry cell/1000 cm3 in fermenter A=0.600 kg mol, B=0.350 kg mol, C=0.05 kg mol 1746 lb/min, 50% 18,900 kg/min, 18,900 kg/min or 1.14106 kg/hr 8.33104 lb/hr 0.31106 lb (a) Na2SO4 is 28% and H2O is 72% (b) 33.3 g crystals/100g initial solution 51.8 g NA2B4O7/100 g H2O 1555.7 kg, 2555.7 kg 85.5 g Ba(NO3)2 (a) 23.34 lb (b) 66.5% $53.19/ton 8.27 8.24 8.21 8.22 8.23 $0.43/kg 35 lb (a) 2563 kg mole/day, 3240 kg mole/day (b) 2704 kg mole/day, 3100 kg mole/day (a) 23.47510-3 g/L (b) 72.1103 g/L 110-10 g MTBE/g H2O

8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20