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Dorbfhoufnh nd ugj Iflqoufnh
J A J H
R B G N J I O H
R F L H O U Z Q J
R O D O Q F ― ? 5 E O V R
J w s j q f j h b j
u g j
R j q j h l j u f
n d
‐ U g j
@ fn h
M fh l ℡ ’
Ugj tfj| joru dqni Hooaf Gf``, ugj louj|ov un ugj Rjqjhljuf, fr lqorr`ohe or doq
or ugj jvjr boh rjj( Fh rnij oqjor ugj lqorr fr o`inru |oruj gflg ohe |j |oubg |otj
odujq |otj nd eoqm rgoen|r intj aobm ohe dnqug obqnrr ugj jhe`jrr s`ofhr( Ugj
|f`ejajjru vnzhl oqj hn| ruqnhl jhnzlg un uqotj` `nhl efruohbjr ohe ugj hjtjq)jhefhl
zjru dnq dqjrg hzuqfufnzr lqorrjr gor aqnzlgu ugj gjqer un ugj rnzug bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf(
Qfrfhl dqni ugj s`ofhr oqj qnbmv nzubqnsr bo``je mnskjr ohe |j rboh ugji |fug
nzq afhnbz`oqr gnsfhl dnq rflhr nd `fdj/ Ugj mnskjr oqj sjqdjbu narjqtoufnh snrur dnq `fnh
ohe bgjjuog ohe nzq jwsjbuoufnhr un bosuzqj o sjqdjbu !@fnh Mfhl℡ ! inijhu oqj gflg/
U|n gnzqr `oujq |fug hn `zbm fh dfhefhl bour |j eqftj r`n|`v un ugj hjwu rjqfjr nd
nzubqnsr, bo``je Ioorof Mnskjr, ohe nzq lzfej fr dnbzrje nh o rgoev oqjo hjoq ugj osjw(
Rnijugfhl fr intfhl ohe |j dqohufbo``v lju nzq boijqor qjoev/
@fnh bzar/ Dnzq oenqoa`j aoafjr s`ovfhl nh o qnbm/ Ini fr rjjifhl`v or`jjs ndd
un ugj rfej( Ugj mfer ruqjubg, qn``, bzq` ohe sz`` ) nhj fr nh ugj tjqlj nd do``fhl ntjq ugj
jelj azu ioholje un bqo|` aobm zs/ Ugjfq `fuu`j aj``fjr oqj dz`` ohe nzq lzfej ugfhmr
ugjv gotj oh jwbj``jhu bgohbj un rzqtftj ugjfq unzlg joq`v vjoqr(
Ajgfhe zr o {jaqo rhnqur oh o`oqi( Ugj djio`j `fnh `nnmr zs ohe ugj bzar
fhrufhbuftj`v gzhmjq en|h( Fh u|n lqobfnzr `josr rgj qjobgjr ugj aorj nd ugj mnskj ohe
hjqtnzr`v |o`mr o`nhl ugj qnoe( Rnijugfhl fr bnifhl ugqnzlg ugj uo`` lqorr ohe rgj fr
hnu oanzu un qjtjo` ugj `nboufnh nd gjq bzar(
Dqni nzq tohuolj snfhu fh ugj boq |j rjj fu fr o gzlj io`j `fnh( Oantj zr ugj
bzar oqj ruf`` `vfhl en|h azu ljuufhl qjru`jrr( Nzq jwbfujijhu gor uzqhje un rgnbm( Ugj
bzar oqj fh lqotj eohljq fd ugj io`j fr oh fhuqzejq(((
\j gjoq o gziifhl rnzhe dqni ugj djio`j ohe ugj io`j qjrsnher |fug o szddfhl
lqzhu( !Ugjv mhn| jobg nugjq!, rovr nzq lzfej |fug qj`fjd/ Fhejje, rnnh odujq|oqer ugj
u|n `fnhr ijju ohe |fug rndu inohr ugjv dn``n| jobg nugjq un ugj uns nd ugj qnbm(
Hn| or ugj rzh fr rjuufhl ntjq ugj toru Rjqjhljuf |j oqj |oubgfhl ugfr ajozufdz`
doif`v nh ugj qnbm ohe F oi ugfhmfhl nd ugj nsjhfhl rbjhj nd ugj @fnh Mfhl nh
Aqnoe|ov(
Ugj Bfqb`j nd @fdj℡
Osqf` $ Iov oqj bnhrfejqje qofhv inhugr( Loij qnoer oqj ndujh r`fssjqv ohe
iohv `neljr $ boisr oqj b`nrje( Azu ugfr fr o ioqtj`nzr ufij un aj fh Uoh{ohfo/
Fd vnz jhknvje ugj @fnh Mfhl℡ intfj ohe Aqnoe|ov rgn|, ugjh vnz izru
bnhrfejq ugjrj inhugr un tfrfu ugj Rjqjhljuf/ Ugj |f`ejajjru ohe {jaqo gjqer |f`` aj fh
ugj tfbfhfuv nd ugj rbjhfb Mnskjr ) ugj fhrsfqoufnh dnq ugj aj`ntje runqv( Vnz |f`` tfrfu
ugj doinzr Ln` Mnskjr, Inqz Mnskjr, Rfiao Mnskjr, Ioorof Mnskjr ohe nugjqr fh
rjoqbg nd `fnhr aormfhl fh ugj rzh gflg nh uns nd ugj qnbmr, ohe gvjhor souqn``fhl ugj
s`ofhr aj`n|/
En hnu aj bnhbjqhje oanzu ugj qofhr/ Fu fr inru`v o ifwuzqj nd `ouj odujqhnnh
ugzhejqrunqir ohe.nq jtjhfhl rgn|jqr( Ugj inqhfhlr oqj ndujh aqflgu ohe b`joq(
Azu gjqjr ugj ajru hj|r nd o``/ @n|)rjornh qoujr oss`v ) vnz ruov ou ugj doinzr
Hlnqnhlnqn Bqoujq @nelj dnq oanzu :3* ndd ugj sjom qouj/ Ohe ugjqj oqj doq dj|jq
unzqfrur/ Vnz boh jwsjbu un rjj dj|jq tjgfb`jr ohe vnz iov aj ugj nh`v tjgfb`j ou bou
rflgufhlr/
Ugfr rodoqf uomjr vnz un ugj s`objr ugou fhrsfqje ugj intfj( \j tfrfu ugj lqjou
s`ofhr nd ugj Rnzug Bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf |gjqj ugj gjqer lougjq aju|jjh ugj rbjhfb mnskjr
ajdnqj ugjv bno`jrbj |fug bn`zihr ruqjubgje ntjq iohv if`jr or ugj gjoe |jru(
Nzq knzqhjv ruoqur |fug oh ntjqhflgu fh oh zsrbo`j `nelj nh o bnddjj doqi nh ugj
nzurmfqur nd Oqzrgo(
@omj Iohvoqo nh ugj jelj nd ugj Qfdu To``jv fr nzq hjwu runs( Uqjj)b`fiafhl
`fnhr oqj ugj afl ouuqobufnh gjqj azu afl gjqer nd j`jsgohu ohe rujoifhl gnu)|oujq
rsqfhlr iomj ugfr soqm o b`fjhu)dotnqfuj/ Ugj Moqouz oqjo fr tjqv rbjhfb ohe ezqfhl nzq
qj`owfhl u|n)hflgu ruov |j fhb`zej nsufnho` bz`uzqo` obuftfufjr rzbg or nqsgoholj ohe
rbgnn` tfrfur(
Ugj Hlnqnhlnqn Bqoujq hjjer hn fhuqnezbufnh/ Vnz rsjhe u|n hflgur nh ugj qfi
|fug rsjbuobz`oq tfj|r fhun ugj Bqoujq( \j fhb`zej u|n tfrfur un ugj bqoujq d`nnq/
Ugjh, fu fr ufij dnq ugj bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf oqjo ― mhn|h dnq fur afl bour/ @fnh,
bgjjuog ohe `jnsoqe dn``n| ugj |f`ejajjrur, lo{j``jr ohe {jaqor un ugfr oqjo( \j `nelj
fh ugj bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf tjqv hjoq ugj iflqoufhl gjqer ohe |j uomj nzq ufij un jws`nqj
ugj toru Rjqjhljuf dnq : fhbqjefa`j eovr(
Nzq dfho` u|n hflgur oqj fh ugj |jrujqh soqu nd ugj Rjqjhljuf( Nzq Efoinhe)ruv`j
rodoqf tfrfur ugj Lqzijuf Qjrjqtjr―o toru sqftouj bnhbjrrfnh bnisqfrje nd oh jwb`zrftj
uqfn nd `zwzqv `neljr snrfufnhje fejo``v nh ugj jsfb iflqounqv qnzuj( Rf`tjq b`fjhur
rs`zqlj ou o `zwzqv ujhuje `nelj gflg nh ugj a`zdd nd o azrg)b`nomje qfelj, bniiohefhl
sohnqoifb tfj|r ntjq ugj jhe`jrr`v qn``fhl qjobgjr ohe tn`bohfb qjjdr nd ugj Rjqjhljuf(
F U F H J Q O Q V ‒
E f o i n h e
R u v ` j
Eov ?―ZRO . JZQNSJ;
Vnz oqj fh ugj ofq nh vnzq knzqhjv un Joru Odqfbo/
Eov 1―Mf`fiohkoqn . Oqzrgo 'A&;
Zsnh oqqfto` ou Mf`fiohkoqn Ofqsnqu vnz |f`` aj uqohrdjqqje un
vnzq Oqzrgo Gnuj` oanzu oh gnzq un ugj |jru nd ugj ofqsnqu(
Oqzrgo Bnddjj @nelj `fjr bqoe`je fh ugj jhe`jrr obqjr nd
Uoh{ohfo‖r `oqljru bnddjj s`ohuoufnh( Ugfr jwb`zrftj, anzufzj
gnuj` `nelj gor ajjh ejrflhje oqnzhe ugj doqir‖ nqflfho`
s`ohuoufnh gnijr, qoefoufhl ugj |oqiug ohe fhtfuoufnh nd ugj n`e
bn`nhfo` s`ohuoufnh gnijr gfrunqfbo``v efrufhbuftj un ugj bnddjj
s`ohuoufnhr( \j oqqohlje |j`bnij eqfhmr ohe `flgu rhobmr(
Ntjqhflgu; Oqzrgo Bnddjj @nelj(
Eov 2―@omj Iohvoqo Houfnho` Soqm 'A@E&;
Odujq o aqfjdfhl av nzq lzfej, |j eqftj |jru un |gjqj ugj Lqjou
Qfdu To``jv jrboqsijhu un|jqr oantj ugj Ioorof `oher( \j sorr
ugqnzlg ugj bn`nqdz` bzqfn ioqmjur nd Iun |o Iaz ajdnqj
jhujqfhl @omj Iohvoqo HS, d`ohmje av ugj :33 djju jrboqsijhu
nh ugj `jdu ohe ugj `omj nh ugj qflgu( Fu fr gnij un o |fej toqfjuv
nd |f`e`fdj, fhb`zefhl `jnsoqe, azddo`n ohe j`jsgohu ohe doinzr dnq
fur j`zrftj uqjj)b`fiafhl `fnhr ohe gnu rsqfhlr, qjobgfhl o
ujisjqouzqj nd 43»B.?53»D ) gnu jhnzlg un bnnm oh jll/ Nugjq
|f`e`fdj fhb`zejr Ioorof lfqoddj, {jaqo, |oqugnl, gfssn, r`jhejq
inhlnnrj, a`zj inhmjv, gnhjv aoeljq, snqbzsfhj, gvjho,
|f`ejajjru, Bnmjr goqujajjru ohe fiso`o( \j jhknv o sfbhfb `zhbg
fhrfej ugj soqm( Ntjqhflgu; Lfaar Doqi nq Ugj Iohnq(
Eov 5―@omj Iohvoqo Houfnho` Soqm 'A@E&;
Odujq aqjomdoru |j qjuzqh dnq ohnugjq loij eqftj fh ugj soqm( Fu
djouzqjr ugj gflgjru ejhrfuv nd aoannhr ohv|gjqj fh Odqfbo― zs
un 133 ijiajqr sjq uqnns/ Fu fr nhj nd ugj ajru s`objr fh Joru
Odqfbo dnq afqe|oubgjqr( Fu gor hjoq`v 533 rsjbfjr ohe ugj
jwuqonqefhoqv eftjqrfuv nd afqe`fdj eqo|r afqejqr dqni oqnzhe
ugj |nq`e( Fh ugj joq`v odujqhnnh |j qjuzqh un ugj `nelj dnq o
rfjruo/ Toqfnzr nsufnho` obuftfufjr oqj otof`oa`j fh ugj odujqhnnh ou
hn jwuqo bnrur ‒ dnq jwois`j rbgnn` ohe nqsgoholj tfrfur(
Ntjqhflgu; Lfaar Doqi nq Ugj Iohnq(
Eov :―Hlnqnhlnqn Bnhrjqtoufnh Oqjo 'A@E&;
Nzq |jru|oqe knzqhjv bnhufhzjr nh o uoqiob qnoe un ugj
Hlnqnhlnqn Bnhrjqtoufnh Oqjo( Fhrfej ugj HBO Louj, gn|jtjq,
ugj qnoe ajbnijr tjqv rujjs ohe bzqtv |fug ejhrj kzhl`j)`fmj
dnqjru( Ugj rbjhfb ntjq`nnm nh ugj qfi nd ugj Bqoujq |f`` uomj
vnzq aqjoug o|ov( Ugj bqoujq rsohr ntjq ?33 rzoqj if`jr ohe fr
gnij un oh orunhfrgfhl toqfjuv nd loij( Nzq l`oinqnzr `nelj gor
Ioorof)fhrsfqje rzfujr sjqbgje nh ruf`ur nh ugj qfi |fug
|nhejqdz` tfj|r( Ugfr odujqhnnh |j tfrfu ugj Bqoujq d`nnq dnq o
loij eqftj( Ntjqhflgu; Bqoujq @nelj(
Eov 4―Hlnqnhlnqn Bnhrjqtoufnh Oqjo 'A@E&;
\j ejrbjhe ugj rujjs bqoujq |o`` joq`v ugfr inqhfhl ohe
rsjhe go`d ugj eov nh lqorr s`ofhr ugou oqj ujjifhl |fug ohfio`r(
Ugj bqoujq fr ugj `oqljru zhaqnmjh ohbfjhu bo`ejqo fh ugj |nq`e(
Hjoq`v ugqjj if``fnh vjoqr n`e, ugj nhbj)tn`bohfb Hlnqnhlnqn fr
bnhrfejqje ‐Odqfbo‖r Loqejh nd Jejh’ ‒ o gotjh dnq ugnzroher nd
|f`e loij, fhb`zefhl `fnh, bgjjuog, gvjho, gzlj az`` j`jsgohur,
|f`ejajjrur, {jaqor, j`zrftj qgfhnr, Ugnirnh‖r lo{j``jr, gfssnr,
azddo`njr ohe sfhm d`oifhlnr( Odujq o sfbhfb `zhbg |j jwfu ugj
Bqoujq av |ov nd ugj hnqugjqh obbjrr qnoe un tfrfu ugj zhrsnf`je
`ohe ohe hnh)unzqfruv Ioorof tf``oljr( Gjqj vnz gotj oh nsufnh un
gfmj un ugj ajozufdz` |oujqdo`` ou N`inuf Bqoujq― nhj nd ugj
ioknq |oujq boubgijhu oqjor dnq ugj Hlnqnhlnqn Bqoujq( Fh
unuo`, vnz |f`` gfmj oanzu 1(<: if`jr '5(:mi& ohe vnz hjje oanzu
1(: gnzqr un bnis`juj ugj uqjm ou o `jfrzqj`v sobj(Ntjqhflgu;
Bqoujq @nelj(
Eov <―Bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf 'A@E&;
‐Rjqjhljuf’ ijohr ‐jhe`jrr s`ofhr’ ohe uneov |j eqftj |jru
un fur jorujqh louj ou Hooaf Gf``( Ugj N`ezsof Lnqlj fr |gjqj
rnij nd ugj joq`fjru qjiofhr nd nzq rsjbfjr |jqj zhjoqugje av
ugj @jomjv doif`v ohe |j runs dnq o rgnqu tfrfu un ugj rio`` azu
fhujqjrufhl izrjzi( Nhbj hjoq Hooaf Gf`` vnz |f`` aj oio{je av
ugj toru jwsohrj nd ugj Rjqjhljuf ohe |j eqftj soru o dj|
mnskjr ugou |f`` aqfhl aobm ijinqfjr nd ‐Ugj @fnh Mfhl’/ \j
jwsjbu un rjj ugj afl gjqer nh ugj tfbfhfuv nd ugj mnskjr ohe |f``
runs iohv ufijr ajdnqj |j qjobg ugj bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf |gjqj
nzq inaf`j bois fr `nbouje( D`zrgfhl unf`jur, gzlj ujhur, jh)rzfuj
rgn|jqr, rzisuznzr bzfrfhj rjqtje nh dfhj bgfho―vnz |f`` `ntj ugj
fhufiobv nd nzq bois ohe ugj hflgu`v bois dfqj/Ntjqhflgu;
@zwzqv Inaf`j Bois(
Eov 7―Bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf 'A@E&;
Rsqo|`fhl |fug gvjho, rjtjqo` bgjjuog doif`fjr, sqfejr nd `fnhr
ohe bnzhu`jrr s`ofhr loij, ugj rnzug bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf fr goher)
en|h ugj ajru |f`e`fdj rsnu fh Joru Odqfbo ugfr inhug/ Uneov |j
jws`nqj ugj oqjor fh ugj tfbfhfuv nd nzq bois ohe ugj hjoqav
Rjqnhjqo qftjq |gjqj `jnsoqer gfej/ Ndd)qnoe eqftfhl fr hnu
o``n|je fh ugfr oqjo azu ezqfhl ugjrj inhugr uqoddfb fr hnu o
sqna`ji ohe |j dfhe nzq n|h jwbfufhl |f`e`fdj inijhur |fugnzu
fhujqqzsufnh( \j o`|ovr sobm o sfbhfb `zhbg―nhj hjtjq mhn|r
|gou iov zhdn`e ohe ugjh |j en hnu gotj un qzrg aobm un bois
dnq `zhbg/ Unhflgu |j do`` or`jjs |fug `fnhr qnoqfhl hjoqav/
Ntjqhflgu; @zwzqv Inaf`j Bois
Eov 6―Bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf 'A@E&;
Uneov |j sobm o sfbhfb aormju ohe ln fh rjoqbg nd ugj afl
gjqer―o iolhfdfbjhu eqftj obqnrr ugj jhnqinzr s`ofhr nd ugj
Rjqjhljuf ohe aju|jjh ugj rbjhfb mnskjr( Fu fr ugfr `fajqoufhl
rjhrj nd rsobj ugou bgoqobujqf{jr ugj Rjqjhljuf S`ofhr,
ruqjubgfhl obqnrr rzh azqhu rotohhog un o rgfiijqfhl ln`ejh
gnqf{nh ou ugj jhe nd ugj joqug( Vju, odujq ugj qofhr, ugfr ln`ejh
jwsohrj nd lqorr fr uqohrdnqije fhun oh jhe`jrr lqjjh boqsju
d`jbmje |fug |f`ed`n|jqr( Ntjqhflgu; @zwzqv Inaf`j Bois(
Eov ?3―Bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf 'A@E&;
\j bo`` ugfr ‐Afl Bou Eov’/ Gotj vnzq boijqor qjoev or |j
bfqb`j ugj mnskjr ohe qftjqr `nnmfhl dnq `jnsoqe, bgjjuog ohe `fnh/
Azu aj sqjsoqje dnq iohv ej`flgudz` |f`e`fdj rzqsqfrjr―ugj
bjhuqo` Rjqjhljuf hjtjq efrossnfhur/ Fu fr nhj nd dj| oqjor |gjqj
nhj boh |oubg o bgjjuog gzhu ohe rjj `fnhr fh uqjjr/Ntjqhflgu;
@zwzqv Inaf`j Bois(
Eov ??―Lqzijuf Qjrjqtjr 'A@E&;
Rfhlfuo Lqzijuf Qjrjqtjr nddjqr oh zhsoqo``j`je jbn)rodoqf
ujjifhl |fug iolhfdfbjhu |f`e`fdj jhbnzhujqr nh ugj |jrujqh
bnqqfenq nd ugj Rjqjhljuf( Rfuzouje nh o qnbmv r`nsj, Rfhlfuo Doqz
Doqz @nelj nddjqr aoqjdnnu j`jlohbj fh o `ofe)aobm qzrufb rjuufhl(
Nsjh)ruv`j rzfujr, jobg |fug oh nzuennq rgn|jq nq aoug, o``n|
lzjrur un tfj| loij |fugnzu jtjh `jotfhl ugjfq rzfuj, ohe o
R|ogf`f)fhrsfqje ‗ajobg‖ nddjqr ugj nssnquzhfuv dnq rnij rjqfnzr
qjru ohe qj`owoufnh( Ntjqhflgu; Rfhlfuo Doqz Doqz @nelj(
Eov ?1―Lqzijuf Qjrjqtjr 'A@E&;
Loij eqftjr ohe |o`mr boh aj jhknvje |fug sqndjrrfnho`
lzfejr |gf`ru nugjq obuftfufjr fhb`zej oqbgjqv, `o|h bqnzju,
inzhuofh afmfhl, gnqrjaobm loij tfj|fhl, af``foqer, ujhhfr, o dz``v
jzfssje rso ohe lvi ohe inzhuofh afmfhl( Ntjqhflgu; Rfhlfuo
Doqz Doqz @nelj(
Eov ?2―Mf`fiohkoqn Ofqsnqu $ d`flgu 'A@E&;
Ugfr inqhfhl fr ou `jfrzqj ajdnqj |j uqohrdjq vnz un ugj
ofqruqfs( Roe`v fu fr ufij un rov lnneavj un vnzq rodoqf lzfej(
Vnz gotj o tjqv rbjhfb 63 ifhzuj d`flgu ntjq ugj Hlnqnhlnqn
Bqoujq un Mf`fiohkoqn Ofqsnqu |gjqj vnz gotj o eovqnni ':
ifhzujr dqni Mf`fiohkoqn Ofqsnqu& un dqjrgjh zs ohe sobm(
Fd vnz annmje o rodoqf jwujhrfnh, vnz d`v un vnzq hjwu
ejrufhoufnh |gjqj hj| oetjhuzqjr o|ofu/
Eovqnni; Mfo @nelj(
Eov ?5―JZQNSJ . ZRO . Nugjqr;
Vnz oqqftj gnij |fug `fdj`nhl ijinqfjr nd vnzq rodoqf/
F U F H J Q O Q V ‒
E f o i n h e
R u v ` j
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