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DNA and RNA
Topics
1.
 
Basic Composition of Nucleic Acids 2. Structural Individuality of DNA3. DNA, Replication, Repair and Recombination 4. RNA: Structure and Classification 5. Genetic Code: An Overview 6. Process of Transcription 7. Translation: Basis of Protein synthesis 8. Human Genome Project and DNA Fingerprinting 1.
 
Basic Composition of Nucleic Acids: 
Nucleic acids are the molecules which carry the genetic information from one generation tothe next. The genetic carriers are of two type, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleicacid (RNA).These macromolecules are long chain polymers formed by a larger number of nucleotideslinked together. Each of the nucleotide has its own specific sugar, a phosphate and anitrogenous base. The back bone of the structure is formed by the sugars linked byphosphates but the nitrogenous bases differ.The primary structures of DNA and RNA are similar to each other. They form a long chain of nucleotides composed of single nucleosides (a sugar and a phosphate moiety)
Nucleotides: 
 A nucleotide is a complex structure formed by the combination of many biomolecules.Chemically a nucleotide is composed of:(i) A nitrogenous base(ii) A sugar [pentose-deoxyribose (DNA) or ribose (RNA)](iii) A phosphate group
 
 Nitrogenous bases are of two types:a) Purines comprising of Adenine (A) and Guanine (G) andb) Pyrimidines comprising of Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T).In general, the composition of a nucleotide is a phosphate group linked with the help of aphosphodiester bond to a sugar molecule that consecutively associated with an organicbase molecule. The sugar molecule is a pentose consisting of five carbon atoms. In RNA,the pentose is a ribose and in case of DNA, it is deoxyribose.
Nitrogenous bases: 
Among the four special inorganic nitrogenous bases, one of the four differs between thesetwo similar long chain polymers. Adenine, Cytosine and Guanine are found in both RNA andDNA, whereas Uracil is present only in RNA and Thymine is present only in DNA.
 
 The nitrogenous bases have a peculiar property of forming specific pairs with one another popularly known as the ‘
base pairing mechanism’ 
.Out of the four kinds of bases in a DNA molecule, Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)and Thymine (T), Adenine of one DNA strand pairs up only with Thymine of the oppositeDNA strand. Cytosine of one DNA strand pairs up only with Guanine of the opposite DNAstrand. Thus Purine and Pyrimidine bases complement each other in a DNA molecule.
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bigboss007

But why you disable the download option??

reply03 / 22 / 2010
examville

Download option is only available at www.Examville.com

03 / 23 / 2010
bigboss007

Thanks a lot, Nice work!!! You really deserve this thumps up

reply03 / 22 / 2010
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