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Card # 11-
Kepler’s laws ofPlanetary motion:
Kepler’s 1
st
law:
Kepler’s 1
st
law is also known as the law ofelliptical orbits. According to this law all planetsrevolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit withthe Sun at one of the foci.
Kepler’s 2
nd
law:
Kepler’s 2
nd
law is also known as the
law of areas
.According to this law the radius vector drawnfrom the sun to a planet, sweeps out equal area inequal interval if time i.e. the area swept out byradius vector in per unit time or aerial velocity remains constant. This law says that thespeed of the planet is large when it is closer to the Sun and smaller when it is farthestfrom the Sun.
Kepler’s 3
rd
law:
 
Kepler’s 3
rd
law is also known as
the law of periods
. According to this law the square oftime period of revolution i.e. T
2
is proportional to the third power of the averagedistance from the Sun to the Planet.T
2
r
3
 T
2
= kr
3
Thus the time period for a planet is smallest, when it is closest to the Sun.
Motion of Satellite according to Kepler’s Law:
Orbital velocity of a Satelliteh<<R, thenPeriod of revolutionEscape velocity for an objectKinetic energy of satellite =
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