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DIFFERENTIATION-II
DIFFERENTIATION FORMULAS
We can use the limit definition of derivative to find the derivative of any function, butthis application may be cumbersome and very long at times. For example, finding thederivative of 
 x
2
+
5
 x
@
9
 x
3
@
 x
+
2
  ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
by the limit method will be very long. So, many usefuldifferentiation formulas are first proven using the definition of derivative, and then theseare used directly in solving problems.
DIFFERENTIATION OFCOMBINATION OF FUNCTIONS
The functions to be differentiated are usually combination of two or more functions. Herewe discuss about the combination of two functions by addition, subtraction,multiplication, division only and also scalar multiples of functions. (Differentiation of composite functions are discussed separately in Chain Rule).
 
 
 Inthefollowingformulas u,v and w,orf x
` a
 , g x
` a
, h x
` a
arefunctionsof x andaredifferentiable,and c isaconstant number 
Scaler multiple of a function
:
d  dx
  ffffffff
 cu
` a
=
c
A
 du dx
  ffffffff
[
d dx
  ffffffff
c
A
 f x
` aB C
=
cf 
.  
x
` a
Sum and Difference Rule
:
d  dx
  ffffffff
u
F
v
` a
=
 du dx
  ffffffff
F
dv dx
  ffffffff
[
d dx
  ffffffff
 f x
0
` a
F
g x
` aB C
=
f 
.  
x
` a
F
g
.  
x
` a
 Product Rule
:
d  dx
  ffffffff
uv
` a
=
u
A
 dv dx
  ffffffff
+
v
A
 du dx
  ffffffff
[
d dx
  ffffffff
 f x
` a
A
g x
` aB C
=
g x
` a
A
 f 
.  
x
` a
+
f x
` a
A
g
.  
x
` a
wecanalsoextendthistoproduct of threefunctionsasd dx
  ffffffff
uvw
` a
=
uv
A
dwdx
  fffffffff
+
uw
A
dvdx
  ffffffff
+
vw
A
dudx
  ffffffff
Quotient Rule
:
d  dx
  ffffffff
uv
  ffff
d e
=
v
A
 du dx
  ffffffffff
@
u
A
 dv dx
  fffffffff
v
2
  ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
[
d dx
  ffffffff
f x
` a
g x
` a
  fffffffffffffff
HJIK
=
g x
` a
A
 f 
.  
x
` a
@
 f x
` a
A
g
.  
x
` a
g x
` aB C
2
  ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
 
 
 DIFFERENTIATION OF
 x
 n
AND
 c CONSTANT 
` a
 
d 
 dx
  ffffffff
 c
` a
=
0
that is, if f x
` a
=
c, then f 
.  
x
` a
=
0
d 
 dx
  ffffffff
 x
 n
` a
=
 n
A
 x
 n
@
1
usingthiswecanwritethederivativeof anothertwocommonfunctionsd dx
  ffffffff
 x
` a
=
1
d dx
  ffffffff
1
 x
  ffff
f g
=
@
1
 x
2
  fffffff
 Example : Differentiate
 y
=
16
  fff
 x
3
@
14
  ffff
 x
2
+
x
@
3Answer :
dydx
  ffffffff
=
d dx
  ffffffff
16
  fff
 x
3
@
14
  ffff
 x
2
+
x
@
3
f g
usingthesum
@
differencerule
=
d dx
  ffffffff
16
  fff
 x
3
f g
@
d dx
  ffffffff
14
  ffff
 x
2
f g
+
d dx
  ffffffff
 x
` a
@
d dx
  ffffffff
3
` a
=
16
  fff
A
3
 x
2
b c
@
14
  ffff
A
2
 x
` a
+
1
` a
@
0
` a
=
 x
2
2
  fffffff
@
 x
2
  ffff
+
1 Example : Differentiate
 y
=
x
2
@
2
 x
+
3
b c
x
3
@
 x
2
+
2
b c
 Answer :
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