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9 - Electrochemistry
Revision notes for preparing O level syllabus of Chemistry 5070
From Hassan Nadeem
8ELECTROLYSIS
By the end of the topic, students should be able to:
Explain why molten ionic compounds conduct electricity but solid ioniccompounds do not.
State in which direction-Anions and cations move during elecytrolysis-Electrons move in the wires joined to the electrodes in electrolysis.
State the ions present , name the products and give the electrodesreactions in the electrolysis of -Molten sodium chloride using inert electrodes.-Concentrated aqueous sodium chloride, using inert electrodes.-Dilute sulphuric acid using inert electrode.-Aqueous copper(II) sulphate using carbon electrodes-Aqueous copper (II) sulphate using copper electrode
Predict the likely products of the electrolysis of a molten compoundorof an aqueous solution.
1Prepared by Kartini Ishak
Explain what happen in refining copper.
Describe electroplating (e.g. copper plating)
Describe the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis.
Please tick in the box if you can do the above.
ELECTROLYTES
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Electrolytes are ionic compounds that conduct electricity. Theelectrolyte can be either a molten ionic compound or an aqueoussolution of an ionic compound.
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Electrolytes conduct electricity because they contain positive andnegative ons that can move freely throughout the liquid.
Solid ionic compounds do not conduct electricity. Why? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
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When an electric current flows through an electrolyte, the compound isdecomposed in a chemical reaction. This is called
electrolysis.TERMS USED IN ELECTROLYSIS
2Prepared by Kartini Ishak
The diagram below shows the flow of electrons to and from thebattery in an electrolytic cell.
ELECTROLYSIS OF MOLTEN IONIC COMPOUNDS
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When a molten ionic compound is electrolysed,-the positive cations go to the _______________and are discharge by ______________ electrons to become _________________________.-the negative anions go to the ________________ and are discharge by _____________ electrons to become neutral _____________________________.-the ionic compound is decomposed into its _________________________.
Example 1: Electrolysis of molten potassium iodide.a)What ions are present? _______________ b)Which one will move towards the cathode? __________________.c)Which one will move towards the anode? ____________________.d)Write the anode half equation. ________________________________________
3Prepared by Kartini Ishak
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5.8 Electrolysis
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