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Chapter
2
LearningSpontaneity
The
pointof
Christianity,
before
anything
else,
is
to
show
that
there
is
a
point
to
our
lives.
Our
Iives
are
pointed
towards some
ultimate
end.
Despite allthe
absurdity
and
suffering
we mayendure, meaning
has
thelast
word.
We
may
not
now
be able
toteli
the
story
of
our
lives
or
of
humar:ity,
butour
hope
is
that
oneday
all
that
we
have
lived
and
been
will
be
found to
have
sense.
But
can
weshow
anlthingof
that ultimate
meaning
now? We
ended the 6rstchapter
with
music
as
one
of
themost
fundamental ways
in
which we
try
to
express
that
hope
for
what
is
beyond the
reach
of our
words.
But
are
there other
ways
in which
wecan
make
visible
the end
of
the
journey?
In
this
and
the
nextchapter,
I
will
suggest
two
ways
in which
the
final
purpose
of
our
lives
shouldbreak
in
now. We
should
havea
freedom and
a happiness
that
would
make no
sense
if
God
does
not
exist.
Christianity
invites
us
to
a
peculiar
freedom
and
happiness,
whichis
a share
in
God's
own vitality.
The end
of
the
journey
is
thus
nade
manifest
now
Our
hope
is
sustainedby
this
taste
of
the
goal
of
the
journey.And
wemay hope
to find
this
same
peculiarfreedom
and
joy
among
people
of
other faiths
and none.We can make
no
exclusive
claim
to
share
Godt life
now.
But
we
should be
aware
that the
gospel
invites
us
to
a libertyand
happiness
which
should
swim
against
the
expectations
of
our
culture,and
may
look
positively
eccentric.
A
few
years ago,
when
I
was
visitingthe Dominicans
in
the
Czech
Republic,
I
spentthe
night in
a
small
town
called
Snojmo
nearthe Aus-
trian
border.
There
was
the
usual meeting
with
the
Dominican
Family.
Therewere
lots
of
young
families
with
their
noisy offspring,
and
we
feasted
on delicious
sausages
and
drank
slivovitz.
Then
we hadan opendiscussion,
and the
first
question
was
from
a
young wornanwho
asked
how
she
could transmit
tlte Church!
moral
teaching
to
herchildren,
 
30
What
i
the
point
ofBeing
a
Chrktian?who
seemed
to
be
just
as
resistant
as
children
in
WesternEurope.
I
dicl
notknowhowto
answerthe
quesriolard
so
Ipurr.ai,
io
iiy
.o_pnn_ionfor
thattrip,
a
moraltheoiogian
*rr.aw";Ji".i,
Li".,r.i1
o-r*,".
t
the
AngeJicum
Universityirr
Rome.-
/
"
,
r
Hewenttotheblackboardanddrew
a
smali
square
in
a
corner.
,ID
that
square
are
the
commandments.
Is
that
,rtu,,r,o.olitfi.'ofr"r,r,Ora
everyone
cried
,Of
course.,,No,,
he
said,
,God
i,
no,
_i
J
i"r1.".,"0
,"
ommandments.'Then
he
drew
a
square
which
coveredalrtrrerest
ofthe
boardand
he
said,,That
is
freedom.Tf,u,
ir
r1,fr",
i.,.."],,
Gri.
*.,
orU
s
to
teach
your
children
to
be
free.
Th"r
i^,
th;;;;.l;
"iln"L".o",r,
nd
ofst
Thornas
Aquinas.'r
was
so
movedbythis
that
I
decidedimme_
diately
that
if
I
everhadasabbatical
,
*;;;^ilr
il.ln"",Ir;
"r..",
heology,
which
had
somehorstudies
in
thechaotic
late
196,[.8ot
skipped
in
my patchy
theological
'For
freedom
Christ
has
setusfree;
stand
fasttirerefore,
and
donotubmit
again
to
the yoke
of
slavery,
(Galatians
S.fl.
Or.
,irfi.,frirg,
that,
shourd
be
srrikirglv
differeritabout
irr.jrit"r,i'ri""rl'i"
"".
reedonr.
people
shouldlookar
us
and
be
puzzled
Uy
o",
"rirn*f,ing
iberty.Alas,
this
isunlikeJy
to
happen.
TheChurch
;J,;;;,;:'.:l
repressive
insritution
*hi.i,
;,
_nrru,,rl,
;;;;;;"'"'":iffi;rjri
notdo
wharthey
want
and
musrdowhat
,rr",
iJr"iir*.
ar'ri,,ri"_
lake
wrote,
Priests
in
blackgowns
were
walkingtheirroundsAndbinding
with
briars
myjoysand
desires.r
.
W;ster.nsociety
is
profoundly
ambiguousabout
freedom.
On
rhe
one
.rnd
we
belongtowhat
is
called
the.F"r*
,";;:*;;;;;;;;:,,r..
doms:freedom
of
speech,
the
freedom
of
movement,
tovote
as
we
wish
nd
so
on.-TheEuropean
ValuesStu<ly
shows
,n"ii*.a"_,
..O"r.ra_
r,iPersrrn.ri
arrtonorrry,
is
the
rtrrPril'15.
And
yet
our
society
is
h",r)st
r''portant
varuefcrr
modern
Euro-
*::,
_:,
';;,
;;.J.;;jilj::
:1""::,iini:j,:i,T:.ffT,,,,",
rrr,rr"r,ellous
spcech
ofMartin
Lutl
,t.crrrrrl
The
,tr",,,, ,.,,.^r
r
,'t...^l.nt
on
28
August196-t,:;
1.,nu..,
.rrrJ
whire,
l"*.o,,0'[",-',..i!]ii'il.
'"t"
all
of
Gods
children,
black,,,,,,
r'",'d,
u,,d.infr,;;;"';;;;::::i"nts
aad
Cathorics,
will
be
abte
ro
l::r
";il';ffifi
HT,:':.f
.".?"::i:iFjii;;::Tii::i
''fhe
(;ardeD
ol
Lovel
cirrpfurc
l,yori-i,cd.
ceoifrcy
Keynes,
Oxford
1969,
p.
215.
Learning
Spontaneity
3l
the
Berlin
Wall
has
fallen,the
Free
Market
has
triurnphed,
and
yet
wefeel
if
anything
less
free
than
before.
We
lockup
more
peopl.tiianut
uny
time
h
our
history.
Americaimprisons
n
highe,pe..entag.
ofit
p"opt.
thananyother
society
in
the
world
except
China.
W.
r.l.
tn"
J.i,.top_
n]ent
of
whatwe
inBritain
callthe,NannyStatelthe
culture
of
controi,
and
we
livein
dread
of
morecurious
regulations
from
Brussels.
.
More
thanthat,manypeople
feel
mentallyimprisoned:imprisonedby
drugs
and
alcohol,
by
their
past
or
childhood,
Uy
po,n
.ry
o.'ion.iin..r,
by
their
genes.
It
is
oddthat
in
this
free
,o.i.ty
ro
-uny
p_ple
feelthem_selves
to
be
constrained.
Even
wealthyona
,rr...*fut
p"opt.
oi.n
feel
trapped.We
havebecome
free
only
tofind
that
it
isoftenan
empry
liber
ty.
As
Zygmunt
Baumanwrote,,There
isa
nasty
fly
of
impotence
in
the tasty
ointmentof
freedom,cooked
in
the
cauldronof
i.,aViir"lir"-
tion;
thatimpotence
is
felt
to
be
all
the
more
odious,
discomforting
and
up^setting
in
view
of
theempowerment
that
freedom
_u,
."p.a"d
ao
deliver.'2
At
theend
of the
1990
European
ValuesStudy,
Ba.t
UiC.itri.t
wrote.that
Europeansneed
a
.pedagogy
of
freedoml
Freedom
is
thecentralyalue
ofmodern
Europeans,
but
we
do
not
knowhow
toenjoy
it.
So
our
society
is
ripefor
the
message
ofgospel
freedom:thisshouta
be
attheheart
ofour
evangelization.
But
it
cannot
be
so
unl.rs
*e
f"cenndovercomethe
timid
lack
of
freedom
whichoftencripples
the
lifeof
the
Church,otherwise
our
words
will
have
no
authoriilat
all.
One
luy
a
motherbrought
her
child
to
see
MahatmaGandhi.
Shewas
worriedthat
this_child
was
deeplyaddicted
to
sweets
and
asked
thewise
manto
per_
suade
her
to
learn
moderation.Gandhi
asked
themother
to
takethe
child
away
and
to
return
in
three
weeks,
which
she
did.
Gandhithen
talkedto the
child
and
persuadedhertocutdown.
At
theendthe
mother
asked
him,'But
why,
Gandhijidid
you
not
say
thistothe
girl
threeweeks
ago.'He
replied,
'Because
three
weeks
ago
I
too
was
addited
to
sweets.,
We
Christianstoo
need
to
be
liberatedfrom
whatever
holds
us
captive
if
we
are
to
speak
of
freedom
with
conviction.Kantmaintained
that
freedomcannot
beexplained,
only
defended.l
We
cannot
offer
an
explanation
ofChristian
freedom,but
wecan
look
atit_inaction,atthe Last
Supper.
This
sign
of
hope
is
the
1ieest
ofall
acts.
The
LastSupper
was
a
passover
meal.
It
wasthe
feast
ofIsraelt
libera_
tigl
frorn
slavery
in
Egypt.
)esus
reclines
with
hisdisciplesat thetable,
with
thebeloved
disciplerestingon
his
breast.
This
wasa
sign
of
their
3
LiqxittMndenltv,Canbridge
2000.
p.
15.
Quotedby
t\\a.rnre
Anlhonv
AppiJh,
?/r.
A/,ftr
d/
,/rnr4v,
prinieron
2005. p.
.)0.
 
32
What
is
the
point
ofBeing
aChristian?
freedom.The
jewishtraciition
maintainedthat,whereasthe
slaveseat
standing,
here[at
thepassover]peopieshourd
recrirr.
*i.r'rn.r.",,
,,
ignigrthat
Lhey
have
gone
our
o[
bondaS.
,.
ljb;;;y:',
;;;,
",*,n,
f*,,,
egana
new
passover
inro
the
unimaginjle
lr."dn;
.i
C;;"""
That
final
mealoffers
ussuccessive
iteps
ir,"
"rr
.r".
i.".il.
f.*a"_.
Irirst
ofall
we
shall
look
at
the
betrayal
ofJesus,
his
loss
of
,.JJorn.
,n.n
rve.
shall
reflect
briefly
onhow
Jesus
trans.end,
ui.timh".J.
ii",
,n"*
is
hisfreedom
of
choice,
whichis
the
ordin".y
u;;;;;l'i..d.'r,
",
ruman
beings.
Butlhe
Ldst
Su
i;".,yru;;;i;;"j:ii',::ld,,,.J;;::*.:ru
jil.ffi
.j::
Betrayal
\\e
beSin
with
ben-ayal.
Why
diclIudas
hancl
over
Jesus
to
death?We
dorotknorv.the
rnsrvr,r.
When
Jesrrs
ntet
hinrin
thegarden
he
askecl
hinr,F'iend,
rvhyare
you
here?,
(N,tattherv
26.s0).
;r;"r:;;;,'."0,r.
ii',,
u'.
uestion
which
is
repeated
in
the.reproaches
of
Cooa
r.iau.y,,;Ot,,,.,y
eople,whar
have
I
doneto
vorr?
How
have
I
"fft;;;;;;;i;;"r..,
Ve
cannot.
Evil
is
absurd
anino,
rrr
thar
wecan
do
is
toou,
,h.,:::"titul
Faced
with
the
cleath
oflesus,,,,,,h",.?.
r;;';;;;,;#
ili
;,,,,
:."$n:,,:l#
[1,,
l:nl#:
il
r,the
more
profound
mystery
ofgood.
\Vecan,
though,
iravesorneide,)as
to
why
ltrdls
nray
have
bcen
ycruptedb7rheidea
of
berraying
lesus.
His
,,"i".'rli.rr',,j"',;",
nr",
nr,'ludas\.mind
andwhy
he
diJthi,
te.rible
a.ea,lua",
ir.".i.,liro.,.,
rvasa
popularnationalistic
name.
vu,,yru_ou,
J"*i;il;;";_".,.
ad
been.
ralied
Judas.
And
hisnickname,
,,.;;,;;,
;;r:;;:lr;"",
rr'assassinlHeprobabJy
longed
lor
a
revolution
that
wouldthrow
ourlre
Romans.
I
suspecf
that
h-e
wer
rrcrt,
thinking
thatnow
was
,h"
nt'
uP
to
JerLtsalem
filled
with
excite-
rv,,urd,rcvear
i'.,.ii,,
;;
;;:;i
ff
:::
;::
ji:
;:ffiX;
jil:
a
r
rived
in
lerusalem.
on
palm
Sunday,
thecrn,,.a
,"",
,..,ar]o';,1;rJ;,,,''
l:.:l:n.:.:
.U-"t
notlring
happered.
A
Jesus
Ua
,"
a"
"",
,.'riJ"
lfr.
r,,n)enr.Vicrory
was
within
his
erasp,
and
he
let
i,rlip.
fn.
r_"r,,iJpl,"r,l.trgued
in
Chaprer
l,
i"
themJmenr
in whi.h
rL._^:.
-^
,
storyto
be
toldof
the
future.
Iudas
'ray
1
.".,.;;';;;;;;;:ril:
LearningSpontaneity
33
other
disciples,
and
been
unable
to
bear
its
loss.So
maybe
Judas
isthe
disappointed
man. He
is
the manof
dreams
who
feels
let
down.
Jesus
has
betrayed hishopesand
so
hebetrays
Jesus.
The
irony
is
that
at the
Last
Supper
Jesus
was
inaugurating
a
more radicalfreedomthan
anyludashad
ever
dreamed of.
It
would
be
wrong to
think
that
ludas'smistake
was
that
he waseager
for
political
liberation
whereas
lesuswas
offeringspiritual
freedom.
Jesus
offers
us a
freedom
from
all
that
oppresses
humanity,
whetherthisbe
mental
or political,individualor
social.
Our
hope
is
for
a
worldinwhichall that
constrains
humanity
is finished.
This
isa
truth
that
the
Church
has
sometimesrather
forgotten,
seeing
our religionin
solely
per-
sonal terms.
In
Cartagena,
in what
is
nowColombia, twoheroic
]esuits,
Alonso
deSandoval
and
Pedro
Claver,
spent
years
tending
to
the
slaves
who
had
been
transportedfrom Africa.DiarnraidMacCulloch
wrote,'Inits
context,
their
pastoral
work
was
bravelycounter-cultural,
arousingsomereal disapprovalamongthesettler
population,
buttheir
efforts
to
instil
first
a sense
of
sin(particularly
sexual
sin)
and
then
repentance
in
their
wretchedpenitentsnow
seems
oddly
placed
amid
one
of
the great-
est
acts
ofcommunal
sin perpetrated
byWesternChristian
culture.,s
Lib-
eration
theology
has
helped
us
to
rediscover
the
insight
thatChristianfreedom
can
neither
be
spiritualized
into
some
interior
state,
nor
can
it
be
leduced
to
a
political
programme.
My
guess is
that
Judas
failed to
see
how radical
was
the
freedomthat
Jesus
was
inaugurating.
Indeed,
howcould
he?
Presumablynone
of
theotJrerdisciples
did
either.
Jesus
was
offering'a
radical
revolution
that
reaches
down
to the depths
ofour
bodily life
and
which
therefore
means
death
and
resurrectionl6
Judas
had
pinned
his hopes
on merely
reshuf-
fling
the
political
counters
a
little
bit.
One ruler would
replace
anotherThiswouldno
doubt
have been
good,
but
Jesus
was
offering
us a share
in
God's
own unimaginable
fr6edom
which
demandsthe
transformation
of
rvhat
it
means
for
us
to
be alive.
Our politicalcommitmentto fight
injustice is good,
but
it
is
a
necessary
expression
of
whatismore,
the
freeclom
that is
God's
own
life.
As
Herbert
McCabe
wrote,political
action
is
just'the
social
visibilityof
faithl?
Despitehis disappointment,
how
could
Judas
have
handedover
theone
who
called
him'friend'?
We
do notknow.The
Gospeltexts
are
not
5
Relor Mtiah: Eutope\I{L)
se
Diyidt:d
1490-1700,
Lo\don
2003,
p.
437.
6
llerbert
Mccabe
OP,Ldv,, Lore
a
d
Langudge,
t.ondon
2003,
p.
159.
7
Ibid.,p.
t70.
I
L
Pe\.
t0.j7b.56.
ciredl-yL lcrenrias,rer
r
.,r(ton
I904.
l.
2h.
'i)ed
edlrion
/
rij/raritli.
lll,ril.
,y'/r5r/-..
of 00

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