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LABOUR FACTORS DETERMINING EFFICIENCY OF 1 LABOUR: LABOUR MOBILITY OF LABOUR: LABOUR 1. Wages and Fringe Benefits. 2. Nature of co-operating factors of Production. 3. Factory environments. 4. Climatic Conditions. 5. Industrial Organization and equipment. 6. Personal Qualifications. FACTORS PROMOTING MOL: PROMOTING MO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. High wages. Better employment opportunities. Development...

Perfect Competition & Monopoly Perfect Competition & Monopoly Chapter No. 07 ________________________________________ ____________________ ______________________ _ This is a sample document: Please update and mail it to rehanfarhataca@msn.com or rehanfarhataca@gmail.com Thanks for your time. ________________________________________ ________________________________________ _________ Visit: http:...

LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTILITY DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTILITY PRACTICAL APPLICATION: APPLICATION 1. As a guide for a consumer. 2. As the basis of Law of Demand. 3. As a base of Progressive Taxation. (Rich can give more tax as compared to poor) LAW OF EQUI-MARGINAL UTILITY EQUI -MARGINAL UTILITY MU of all goods bought w.r.t. to their prices are equal, there is consumer equilibrium. Consum...

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MONETARY POLICY POLICY TARGETS/OBJECTIVES MONETARY POLICY: MONETARY POLICY OF 1.Control over the Growth of Money supply. 2.Control over interest rates levels. 3.Growth in the volume of Credit. 4.The Exchange Rate. 5.Growth in Money GNP or GDP. DETAILED INTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION 1. CONTROL OVER THE It is an obvious medium term target according to the Monetarists. Link b/w MS and Prices, inc...

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND ECONOMIC GOALS POLICIES AND ECONOMIC GOALS MACROECONOMIC POLICY OBJECTIVES / GOALS: POLICY OBJECTIVES GOALS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. High level of Employment. Price Stability or Control Inflation. Balance of Payment’s satisfactory position. Steady Rate of Economic Growth. Other Objectives: • • • • Equitable distribution of NI. Cleaner Environment. Exchange Rate Stability. Freeing ...

ECONOMIC GROWTH DEFINITION: ECONOMIC GROWTH: ECONOMIC GROWTH The increase in real Gross domestic Product (GDP) is called the Economic Growth. Economic growth is the single most 1 CAUSES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: ECONOMIC GROWTH powerful engine for generating long-term increases in living standards than the removal of recessionary gaps, structural unemployment, or inefficiencies because growth ca...

UNEMPLOYMENT DEFINITION: The no. of persons 16 years of age and older who are not employed and are actively searching for a job. TYPES AND CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT: CAUSES UNEMPLOYMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Equilibrium Unemployment. Residual Unemployment. Frictional Unemployment. Search Unemployment. Casual Unemployment. Seasonal Unemployment. Structural Unemployment. Regional U...

1 CONSUMPTION DETERMINANTS: ETERMINANTS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Income The availability and cost of credit. The distribution of Income Age structure. Deferred demand (Inflation). Indirect taxes. Range of goods and services. Wealth. SAVINGS DETERMINANT: ETERMINANT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Income. Social Attitudes. Range of Financial Institutions. The Interest Rates. Government Policies. Corporat...

BALANCE RECTIFICATION OF OF PAYMENT 1 BALANCE BALANCE OF PAYMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT: PAYMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT OF 1. DEPRECIATION / DEVALUATION DEVALUATION DOMESTIC CURRENCY: CURRENCY Depends upon: i. ii. iii. EFFECT: FFECT: i. ii. 3. PROTECTIONIST MEASURES: MEASURES A. DIRECT MEASURES: MEASURES Price Elasticity of Demand Production Possibilities Price Elasticity of Supply. ...

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES MECHANISM EXCHANGE RATES MECHANISM DEFINITION: An exchange rate is the rate at which one country’s currency can be traded in exchange for another country’s currency. SPOT RATE for immediate delivery. RATE: FORWARD RATE: For delivery to be made in future. RATE: FACTORS DEMAND AND INFLUENCING FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE: FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE SUPPLY SUPPLY OF FOREIGN EXCHAN...

QUANTITY THEORY OF MONEY It is a theory about how much money supply is needed to enable the economy to function. It states that the demand for money is simply for spending on foreseeable transactions. LIMITATIONS: 1.If V is constant, any growth in M to increase output T would result in inflation. 2.T is given because it is assumed that there is always full employment in the economy. 3.If T is ...