Linux Administration Made Easy
by Steve Frampton, <frampton@LinuxNinja.com>
The "Linux Administration Made Easy" (LAME) guide attempts to describe day−to−day administration andmaintenance issues commonly faced by Linux system administrators. Part of the Linux DocumentationProject.
Tableof Contents
Chapter 1. Preface..............................................................................................................................................1
1.1. Acknowledgements...........................................................................................................................11.2. Copyright Information and Legal Disclaimers.................................................................................11.3. A Plea for Help.................................................................................................................................1
Chapter 2. Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
2.1. Scope.................................................................................................................................................22.2. Choosing aLinux Distribution.........................................................................................................2
Chapter 3. Linux Overview................................................................................................................................5
3.1. What is Linux?..................................................................................................................................53.2. Breaking the Myths...........................................................................................................................53.3. One User'sPerspective......................................................................................................................7
Chapter 4. Installationand Hardware Configuration.....................................................................................9
4.1. Creating anInstallation Diskette.......................................................................................................94.2. Booting Linux Installation Program...............................................................................................104.3. PartitioningHard Drive(s)..............................................................................................................114.4. Setting up Swap Space....................................................................................................................154.5. Choosing Partitions to Format........................................................................................................154.6. Choosing Desired Packages to Install.............................................................................................164.7. Hardware Configuration.................................................................................................................164.8. Booting with LILO.........................................................................................................................174.8.1. Multi−boot with Other Operating Systems..................................................................................174.9. Downloading and Installing Red Hat Updates................................................................................18
Chapter 5. Configuringthe X Window System..............................................................................................19
5.1. Getting theX Window System Working with X−Configurator.....................................................195.2. Using the XDesktop Manager........................................................................................................205.3. Improving Font Appearance Under X............................................................................................215.4. Choosing a Window Manager for X...............................................................................................225.5. GNOME Installation and Configuration.........................................................................................225.6. KDE Installation and Configuration...............................................................................................23
Chapter 6. General System Administration Issues........................................................................................25
6.1. Root Account..................................................................................................................................256.2. Creating User Accounts..................................................................................................................256.3. Changing User Passwords...............................................................................................................276.4. Disabling User Accounts................................................................................................................276.5. Removing User Accounts...............................................................................................................276.6. Linux Password & Shadow File Formats.......................................................................................286.7. System Shutdown and Restart........................................................................................................29
Chapter 7. Custom Configuration and Administration Issues.....................................................................31
7.1. Web Serverand HTTP Caching Proxy Administration..................................................................317.2. Domain Name Server (DNS) Configuration and Administration...................................................327.3. Internet User Authentication with TACACS..................................................................................357.4. Windows−style File and Print Services with Samba......................................................................36
Linux Administration Made Easyi
Table of Contents
7.5. Macintosh−style File and Print Services with Netatalk..................................................................407.6. Network File System (NFS) Services.............................................................................................427.7. Configuration from A−Z with Linuxconf.......................................................................................43
Chapter 8. Backup andRestore Procedures..................................................................................................44
8.1. Server Back up Procedures..............................................................................................................448.1.1. Backing up with ``tar'':.................................................................................................................458.1.2. Backing up with ``KDat'':............................................................................................................478.2. Server Restore Procedures..............................................................................................................488.2.1. Restoring with ``tar'':...................................................................................................................488.2.2. Restoring with ``KDat'':...............................................................................................................498.3. Cisco Router Configuration Backups.............................................................................................50
Chapter 9. Various & Sundry Administrative Tasks....................................................................................53
9.1. Checking Storage Space.................................................................................................................539.2. Managing Processes........................................................................................................................549.3. Starting and Stopping Processes.....................................................................................................569.4. AutomatingTasks with Cron and Crontab files.............................................................................56
Chapter 10. UpgradingLinux and Other Applications................................................................................58
10.1. Using theRed Hat Package Manager (RPM)...............................................................................5810.2. Installing or Upgrading Without RPM.........................................................................................5910.3. Strategiesfor Keeping an Up−to−date System.............................................................................6010.4. Linux Kernel Upgrades.................................................................................................................6110.5. Upgradinga Red Hat Stock Kernel..............................................................................................6210.6. Building aCustom Kernel............................................................................................................6310.7. Moving tothe Linux 2.2.x Kernels...............................................................................................6610.8. Configuring the Apache Web Server............................................................................................6810.9. Configuring the Squid HTTP Caching Proxy Daemon................................................................6810.10. Configuring the Sendmail E−mail Daemon................................................................................69
Chapter 11. EnterpriseComputing with Linux.............................................................................................71
11.1. Performance Tuning......................................................................................................................7111.2. High Availability with RAID.......................................................................................................7111.3. Server Migration and Scalability Issues.......................................................................................72
Chapter 12. Strategiesfor Keeping a Secure Server.....................................................................................75Chapter 13. Help! Trouble in Paradise!........................................................................................................79
13.1. Getting Linux Installed on new, Unsupported Hardware.............................................................7913.2. File System Corruption after Power Outage or System Crash.....................................................7913.3. Where to Turn for Help.................................................................................................................7913.4. Pointers to Additional Documentation.........................................................................................82
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Lame- Linux Administration for Beginners
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