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4
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ENGINE
 
MASHUP
Shahd I. AL-Foraih
Information Technology DepartmentCollege of Computer and Information Science, KSURiyadh, Saudi Arabiazseesz@gmail.com
A
BSTRACT
In the web 2.0 there is a lot of technologies that can help the web developers to create and develop web sites.One of these technologies is Mashup which means combining two or more web sources and present them in a new way.So in this research we will explain the definition of the Mashup, then we will talk about the sources that we can combine it, we will know its format and the communication protocols, after that we will talk about some editors that will help the beginner to create a mashup application, finally we will discus some examples, then we well display a simple example which I created by my self, and discuss it.
Keywords
Mashup, Web 2.0, API, RSS, ATOM, Screen Scraping, REST, SOAP 
1.I
NTRODUCTION
In web world there is no limit to the sites that offer a useful information or great functions, but we still needmore sites and services. So why we don’t create a new useful application in an easy way and short time alsowith low cost, we can do that by take advantage of the mashup techniques. With mashup we can use alreadysites data or function and combine it to create the new useful application.The word Mashup represent combining of tow or more things to present them in a new way, in this context wetalk about Web Mashup so that’s mean the combining will be of a web content and the result will be anapplication.
2.W
HAT
 
IS
W
EB
M
ASHUP
The web Mashup means combine content or functionality from two or more sources (web services orwebsites feeds) to serve a new purpose that will be a new application (program, web site or web service).Mashup can be done in various types such as mapping, search, photos....etc. In Figure1.we have the mostmashup types.
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copiesare not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copyotherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission.The First Mini-Conference in Web Technologies and Trends (WTT)
 © 
2009 Information Technology Department, CCIS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
 
Figure 1. The most mashup types until 11/12/2008 [1]
2.1Why we use Mashup?
The most Important reason to use mashup technology in creating a new application is to save time andcost [2]. By using data or function that’s already created.
2.2Can a Mashup be from one source?
The term Mashup is derived from the idea of combining data from two or more sources and displaying it in anew look. However, mashups can only use a single source. For example the site TwitterSpy pulls data onlyfrom Twitter.
TwitterSpy 
:
URL
: http://twitspy.com/.
Source 
: Twitter.
Description 
: To see what people are posting on Twitter in real time by spying on the Twitter timeline. It alsotracks website links within tweets [3].
3.W
HAT
 
SOURCES
 
CAN
I
USE
?
The sources of mashup are typically other websites and their data may be obtained by the developer invarious ways including, but not limited to: APIs, web feeds (RSS or Atom), or screen-scraping [1].
3.1API
An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of functions that one program makes available to otherprograms so they can talk to it directly.There are many types of APIs: operating system APIs, application APIs, toolkit APIs and web site APIs.The simplest example of API is an operating system like
Microsoft Windows 
with hundreds of APIs providingservices. These operating system APIs are used by desktop applications like word processors. [1]Other example is the Java API, which allows programmers to use already written methods or functions intheir programs [2]. Instead of rewire the method from the beginning, so they will save the time.
3.1.1Web site APIs
A web site APIs provide the accessing to external online services or databases.Web services APIs are offered by some websites as ways of sharing some of their functionality andinformation across the Internet.There are many sites that provide APIs to access their data or to use their services in the development ofmashups. Some of these sites offer it for free, and others require to take a permission before using theirAPIs. There are hundreds of APIs, the most popular of them are shown in Teble1 [2].
 
 
Table 1. The most popular APIs [1]
Category API Description 
Advertising Google AdSense Advertising managementAnswers Yahoo Answers Community driven reference serviceBlog Search Technorati Blog search servicesBlogging FeedBurner Blog promotion tracking serviceBookmarks del.icio.us Social bookmarkingCalendar Google Calendar Calendar serviceChart Google Chart Chart creation serviceChat MSN Messenger Chat and messagingCommunity Twitter Community siteFacebook Social networking serviceEnterprise Salesforce.com CRM servicesEvents Eventful Events discovery and demandFeeds Google Ajax Feeds Access RSS and Atom feeds with JavaScriptInternet Amazon EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud virtual hostinghostip.info IP lookupJob Search indeed Job search servicesMapping Google Maps Mapping servicesMicrosoft Virtual Earth Mapping servicesYahoo Maps Mapping servicesMediaManagementBBC Multimedia archive databaseMessaging 411Sync SMS, WAP, and email messagingMusic Last.fm Music playlist managementNews Digg Community driven news links and ratingsPayment PayPal Online paymentsPhotos Flickr Photo sharing serviceSearch Google Search Search servicesYahoo Search Search servicesGoogle Ajax Search Web search componentsYahoo Image Search Image search servicesWindows Live Search Internet searchShipping FedEx Package shippingShopping Amazon eCommerce Online retailer
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