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    AP Statistics Crash Course
    AP Statistics Crash Course
    AP Statistics Crash Course
    Ebook305 pages1 hour

    AP Statistics Crash Course

    By Michael D'Alessio

    ()

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    About this ebook

    AP Statistics Crash Course - Gets You a Higher Advanced Placement Score in Less Time

    Crash Course is perfect for the time-crunched student, the last-minute studier, or anyone who wants a refresher on the subject. AP Statistics Crash Course gives you:

    Targeted, Focused Review – Study Only What You Need to Know
    Crash Course is based on an in-depth analysis of the AP Statistics course description outline and actual Advanced Placement test questions. It covers only the information tested on the exam, so you can make the most of your valuable study time. Our easy-to-read format covers: exploring data, planning a study, anticipating patterns, and statistical inferences.

    Expert Test-taking Strategies
    Our author shares detailed question-level strategies and explains the best way to answer the questions you’ll find on the AP exam. By following his expert advice, you can boost your overall point score.

    Take REA’s Practice Exam
    After studying the material in the Crash Course, go online and test what you’ve learned. Our full-length practice exam features timed testing, diagnostic feedback, detailed explanations of answers, and automatic scoring analysis. The exam is balanced to include every topic and type of question found on the actual AP exam, so you know you’re studying the smart way.

    Whether you’re cramming for the test at the last minute, looking for extra review, or want to study on your own in preparation for the exam – this is one study guide every AP Statistics student must have.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherResearch & Education Association
    Release dateJan 1, 2013
    ISBN9780738666303
    AP Statistics Crash Course

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      Book preview

      AP Statistics Crash Course - Michael D'Alessio

      INTRODUCTION

      Chapter 1

      Keys for Success on the AP Statistics Exam

      AP Statistics textbooks are very thick and contain hundreds of statistical facts and concepts. If the AP Statistics exam contained all of these facts, the challenge to earn a good score on the exam would be daunting. Studying for this exam requires the student to be a pragmatic learner who can delineate the important tested material, from the material that is interesting to know.

      This book will help you become more pragmatic in your studying and streamline your chances to score a 4 or 5 on this exam. The keys to success on the exam include knowing the following:

      I. The Content of the Advanced Placement Statistics Examination

      The Advanced Placement Statistics curriculum is based on the content of an introductory statistics course taught at the college level. The topics taught in the class reflect major themes that are presented in a number of college level textbooks. In order to succeed on the exam, students need to master the basic concepts of statistics and apply these concepts to various situations in a traditional test format. The focus of the test includes learning tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. The make-up of the exam is based on the following percentages in four topics of understanding:

      Exploring Data: Describing patterns and departures from patterns (20% – 30%)

      Sampling and Experimentation: Planning and conducting a study (10% – 15%)

      Anticipating Patterns: Exploring random phenomena using probability and simulation (20% – 30%)

      Statistical Inference: Estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses (30% – 40%)

      II. Format and Content of the Exam

      The AP Statistics examination is 3 hours in length and consists of a 90-minute, 40 multiple-choice question section and a 90-minute, 6 essay free-response section, which requires the student to complete one investigative task involving extended reasoning.

      Graphing calculators with statistical capabilities can be used during the exam and students are expected to bring their own. Although it is possible to do well on the AP Statistics exam without a calculator, not having one will be a disadvantage.

      Part I—90-minute, 40 multiple-choice questions—50% of the grade

      Multiple-choice scores are based on the number of questions that are answered correctly.

      No points are awarded for unanswered questions.

      Since no points are deducted for incorrect answers it is highly suggested that students answer all multiple-choice questions.

      Each of the 40 multiple-choice questions on the exam has five possible answer choices (A) through (E). There is only one correct answer.

      Part II—90 minute, 6 essay free response section—50% of the grade

      Free-response questions 1 through 5 are designed to be completed in 60 minutes.

      The investigative task (question 6) is designed for the student to complete in 30 minutes.

      The free-response questions will relate to more than one of the four content areas of the course.

      Scoring of the free-response questions is based on the following 0-4 scale.

      III. Technology/Calculator Usage

      Knowing and understanding the power of a graphing calculator is essential for success on the AP Statistics exam. If not provided by your school, you should invest in a TI-83, TI-83+, TI-89, or TI-Inspire calculator. A purchase of this type of calculator will assist you throughout your high school and college education as well as on the AP Statistics exam. Unlike other mathematics or science AP tests, you may use the graphing calculator throughout the entire test. The following are some functions you should be familiar with on the graphing calculator (both univariate and bivariate data):

      Summary Statistics (mean, median, mode, standard deviation, quartiles)

      Histogram Plot

      Box Plots

      Scatter Plots

      Least Square Regression Lines

      Residuals

      Probability

      Simulation

      Confidence Intervals

      Tests of Significance

      IV. Formulas and Tables

      A list of formulas and tables is furnished to AP Statistics examinees at the test site. You can familiarize yourself with these formulas and tables by reviewing them in Appendix A at the back of this book.

      V. Scoring the Exam

      Section I. Your score on the multiple-choice section of the exam is based on the number of multiple-choice questions answered correctly. (Remember, unanswered questions receive neither credit nor deduction so it is suggested that you try to answer all multiple-choice questions.)

      On the low end you can score 63 out of a possible 100 points and still earn a 5 on the test. To earn a 4 you need to score a mere 49 points—less than half of the total points! This Crash Course will help you achieve the highest grade possible on this test.

      What is the breakdown of AP Statistics grades across the country?

      % Students Earning Examination Grade of

      The data above indicates that about one out of ten of the students who take the AP Statistics examination earned a 5, with a staggering 22.2% of students earning a 1 in 2009. In 2000 there were 117,000 test takers for AP Statistics, which was an all-time high. This Crash Course is tailored for the all students represented in the data and will help you to earn a grade that will get you college credit for statistics.

      VI. Using College Board and REA Materials to Supplement Your Crash Course

      Your Crash Course contains everything you need to know to score a 4 or 5. You should, however, supplement it with materials provided by the College Board such as the AP Statistics Course Description Booklet and the 1997, 2002, and 2007 released AP Statistics exams. All can be ordered from the College Board’s Online Store. In addition, the College Board’s AP Central website contains a wealth of materials, including free response questions with exemplars and rubrics. Finally, REA’s AP Statistics (4th Edition) contains excellent narrative chapters that supplement the Crash Course chapters.

      PART II:

      EXPLORING DATA

      Chapter 2

      Exploring Data: Constructing and Interpreting Graphical Displays of Data

      I. Key Terms

      Sample Survey—a statistical method of sampling a large population of individuals in order to draw conclusions from questions. Responses (data) to a survey are recorded and then analyzed through various statistical methods.

      Example

      Do more people enjoy watching Major League Baseball during the day or evening hours?

      Experiment—individuals are subjected to some type of treatment. Results (data) are recorded scientifically and are analyzed statistically.

      Example

      Does the addition of Vitamin C to a person’s diet reduce the chances of catching the common cold?

      individuals—objects in the data set.

      Example

      People, animals, a sports team, countries.

      Variable—a characteristic of objects in a data set.

      Example

      The SAT scores of 11th graders at Thomas Jefferson Memorial High School.

      Categorical (also called qualitative) Variable—places an individual into one of several groups/categories.

      Example

      Animals that hibernate in the winter.

      Quantitative Variable—a variable that takes on a numerical variable.

      Example

      The grade point averages of students during their first semester at Eastern University.

      ➤ In the example above, the individuals are the different NBA teams.

      ➤ In the example above, the Region of the United States is a categorical variable.

      ➤ In the example above,

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