Ban Thuyet Minh Do An Nap Ong Cung

B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.HCM

KHOA : C KH
N TT NGHIP
THIT K SN PHM NHA V KHUN

NG DNG PHN MM SOLIDWOKS
Ging vin hng dn: Ths.Nguyn Tun Hng

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Ngc Chng
Trn Dim
Lp :
HCK3ALT
Kha :
2007-2009
TP.H CH MINH,Thng 5 nm 2009
LI M U
Trong nhng nm gn y,chng ta chng kin s pht trin mnh m
ca phn mm c kh trong vic ng dng thit k khun cho sn phm
nha.Mt s phn mm ni ting nh pro/engineer wifi 4.0, Catia VR15.7,
Unigrafic NX6,Inventer 8,Solidworks 2009Trong cc phn mm ni
ting k trn chng em chn phn mm Solidworks 2009 ( phn mm kh
ni ting ca hng Dassault systemn) thit k khun cho sn phm nha
v Phn mm ny c u im l giao din p, thn thin, kh nng thit k
nhanh hn cc phn mm khc rt nhiu nh vo s xp xp v b tr cc
toolbar mt cch c h thng v hp l.Thit k c kh, to khun, thit k
kim loi tm ni chung, v cc chc nng ny th Solidworks t ra c
khng thua km Catia, unigraphics thm ch cn hay hn v tt hn, bi l
n ch chuyn v nhng lnh vc , cng vi ngi anh em Catia ca
mnh, Solidworks tr thnh mt trong nhng phn mm ni ting th gii
ca hng Dassault systemn. ti ca chng em l mt ti c tnh ng
dng thc tin cao v th chng em chn nguyn cu i su vo lnh
vc ny.Mc tiu ca ti khng nhng phc v cho tham kho cho cc
bn sinh vin sau ny m cn c th ng dng thc t gia cng mt s
sn phm ca ngnh khun mu.Do s pht trin v ngnh khun mu nc
ta cn cha cao cng vi thc tin chng em cha c va chm nhiu
nhng chng em hon thnh tt ti tt nghip ca mnh.
LI CM N
Qua mt thi gian tm hiu vi s hng dn ch bo tn tnh ca Thy
Nguyn Tun Hng, chng em hon thnh n tt nghip c giao.Vi kin
thc c trang b v qu trnh tm hiu cc ti liu c lin quan v c trong thc
t. Tuy nhin s khng trnh khi nhng sai st ngoi mun do thiu kinh
nghim thc t trong thit k. Do vy, chng em rt mong c s ch bo ca
cc thy c gio trong B mn Cng ngh Ch to my trng HCN TP.HCM
v s ng gp kin ca bn b hon thin hn vn kin thc ca mnh. Cui
cng , chng em xin chn thnh cm n thy Nguyn Tun Hng tn tnh
hng dn chng em trong qu trnh thit k v hon thin n tt nghip ny.
NHN XT
(Ca ging vin hng dn)
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NHN XT
(Ca ging vin phn bin)
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MC LC
Trang
Chong 1 GII THIU CC B PHN MY V CHC NNG..............1
1.1 M T QUY TRNH CNG NGH .........................................................1
1.2 CNG NGH P PHUN C TH LM C CC SN PHM
PHC TP ..........................................................................................................1
1.3 CNG NGH P PHUN TO RA SN PHM C CHT LNG
CAO ......................................................................................................................1
1.4 QUY TRNH SN XUT VI S LNG LN....................................1
1.5 KP KHUN V CHC NNG CA CHNG .....................................1
1.6 H THNG NGM KP THU LC......................................................2
1.7 H THNG NGM KP KHUU ............................................................2
Chng 2 THIT K SN PHM NHA ......................................................3
2.1 THIT K B DY THNH CHNH .......................................................3
2.1.1 B dy chnh cng mng cng tt nhng phi dy............................3
2.1.2 B dy thnh ng nht.............................................................................3
2.1.3 Trnh cc vng dy....................................................................................3
2.1.4 Cc li khi sn phm c b dy khng ng nht...................................3
2.2 THIT K GC THOT KHUN............................................................6
2.3 THIT K GN ...........................................................................................7
2.4 THIT K NM LI ..................................................................................8
2.5 THIT K BN KNH CNG CHO SN PHM................................ 10
Chng 3 VT LIU NHA P PHUN ....................................................... 12
3.1 GII THIU............................................................................................... 12
3.1.1 Polymer .................................................................................................... 12
3.1.2 Mc xch c s ......................................................................................... 12
3.1.3 trng hp............................................................................................ 12
3.1.4 Tn gi ...................................................................................................... 12
3.1.5 Phn loi................................................................................................... 13
3.2 C TNH CA MT S LOI NHA THNG DNG ................. 13
3.2.1 Polyetylen(PE) ......................................................................................... 13
3.2.2 Polypropylen(PP) ................................................................................... 15
3.2.3 Polystyrene (PS) ...................................................................................... 15
3.2.4 Polyvinyl chorire(PVC) .......................................................................... 16
3.2.5 Polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) ......................................................... 16
3.2.6 Styrene-acrylonit-copol(SAN)................................................................ 16
3.2.7 Polyoxymethylene(POM)........................................................................ 16
3.2.8 Polyamide(PA)......................................................................................... 17
Chng 4 GII THIU PHN MM SOLIDWORKS .............................. 27
Chong 5 CC KIU KHUN NHA C BN ........................................ 31
5.1 CC KIU KHUN C BN ................................................................ 31
5.2 CC CHI TIT KHUN C BN ......................................................... 34
Chng 6 THIT K SN PHM: NP NG CNG .............................. 38
Chng 7 THIT K KHUN CHO SN PHM NP NG CNG ..... 41
7.1 XC NH KIU KHUN ...................................................................... 41
7.2 TO MT PHN KHUN,TCH THNH PHN M - D NG . 43
7.3 XC NH S LNG KHUN ............................................................. 45
7.4 B TR LNG KHUN ........................................................................... 48
7.5 THIT K H THNG DN NHA..................................................... 49
7.5.1 Thit k cung phun................................................................................ 49
7.5.2 Thit k h thng rnh dn .................................................................... 49
7.5.3 Thit k ming phun ............................................................................... 50
7.5.4 Vng nh v bc keo............................................................................... 51

7.6 THIT K H THNG GIT UI KEO ........................................... 52
7.6.1 Quy trnh m khun nh sau................................................................. 55
7.6.2 Nhng iu cn lu .............................................................................. 57
7.7 THIT K H THNG LI ................................................................... 58
7.8 THIT K H THNG LM NGUI................................................... 61
Chng 8 PH LC 1 ..................................................................................... 64
8.1 PH LC 2 ................................................................................................. 65
8.2 PH LUC 3 ................................................................................................ 67
TI LIU THAM KHO ...................................................................... 70

1.Cng ngh p phun (Trung tm k thut cht do TPHCM)
2.Misumi: Standard Component For Plastic Mold
3.Plastic Injection Mould Design and Making (Carlos A. Reyes)
4.Thit k khun cho sn phm nha (PTS V Hoi n)
PHN MM H TR............................................................................ 70
1.SolidWorks 2007
2.MasterCam 9.1
3.AutoCad 2007
n Tt Nghip
Trang 1
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CHNG 1
GII THIU CC B PHN MY V CHC NNG
Phn u tin ca chng gii thiu ny cung cp mt cch tng th kin thc v cc c
tnh quy trnh p phun.n gip ta hiu c lm th no to ra mt sn phm c cht
lng cng nh tng nng sut trong qu trnh sn xut.
1.1. M T QUY TRNH CNG NGH
K thut p phun c m t nh l mt qu trnh chuyn i nhit ca vt liu nha: 1chy;2-bm vo trong khun,3-lm ngui;4-sau khi sn phm cng,khun m ra v li sn
phm ly sn phm.khun s ng li v bt u mt chu trnh mi.
S lp i lp li ca mt chui cc sn phm gi l chu trnh lm khun.mi khun v
mi loi vt liu gia cng trong s c mt thi gian cho chu trnh ti u. iu ny bt
buc ngi iu khin my phi iu chnh thi gian ca mt chu k my ti u t c
sn phm c cht lng cao.
1.2. CNG NGH P PHUN C TH LM C CC SN PHM PHC TP
Khun c xem l tri tim ca quy trnh cng ngh, c lm t thp cng v thng
c cha mt hoc nhiu cc khun,c hnh dng ca sn phm.khun c hnh dng khng
gii hn,c th phc tp hoc ln v c in y bng mt ln phun.sn phm i t cng
ngh p phun c th thit k c nhiu l,gn v mt ct giao nhau trn thnh.
1.3. CNG NGH P PHUN TO RA SN PHM C CHT LNG CAO
Vt liu nha c th lm c cc sn phm c hnh dng v b mt ging nh cc
khun. iu ny ngha l lm ra cc sn phm c hnh dng khng tng xng vi khun th
khng ph hp.sn phm c hnh dng ging vi khun c ngha l vt liu in tt trong
khun.
1.4. QUY TRNH SN XUT VI S LNG LN
Quy trnh p phun c th sn xut vi mt s lng sn phm ln l o vt liu nha c
th chy v ng cng li trong mt thi gian ngn.vi sn phm thnh mng thi gian p c
th nh hn 10 giy. a s sn phm thng t 20 n 30 giy.Mt im thun li khc l
quy trnh p phun c th sn xut c nhiu sn phm ch trong mt chu k p. iu ny
t c khi dng khun c nhiu cc khun.C mi ln nha bm vo khun th sn phm
c hnh thnh trong mt cc khun.
1.5. KP KHUN V CHC NNG CA CHNG
Khun chun gm hai na,chng c ng li p sn phm v m ra ly sn
phm.Khun c p vi nhau mt p sut ln gi cho cht lng khi p vo khun
khng b chy ra.Khun duy chuyn v gi p sut bng mt h thng kp gi l kp
________________________________________________________________________
SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Chng
GVHD: Th.s Nguyn Tun Hng
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 2
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khun.C hai c ch dng ng v kp khun l h thng ngm kp thu lc v h thng
ngm kp trc khuu.
1.6. H THNG NGM KP THU LC
H thng ngm kp thu lc s dng xi lanh thu lc duy chuyn mt trong hai thi
khun gn trn thi khun di ng.Sn phm c thit k sao cho dnh vo phn na khun
di chuyn.H thng li c gn trn phn di ng dng li sn phm.h thng li c
iu khin bng ng thu lc.N s duy chuyn ti trc khi m khun ra.
1.7. H THNG NGM KP KHUU
C ch lm vic ca ngm kp khuu l dng mt h thng thanh khuu l dng mt h
thng thanh khuu.Chng co li khi m khun v thng ra khi ng khun.H thng ngm
khuu cng dng thu lc duy chuyn cc b phn.Ghi nh rng,lm th no m cc
thanh khuu chnh c th kho v tr thng khi khun ng.Nh mt thit k c hc c
bit m cc thanh khuu ny tp trung lc kp khun.
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 3
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CHNG 2
THIT K SN PHM NHA

Thit k sn phm nha l cng on rt quan trong trong p phun. c tnh ca sn
phm s nh hng n thi gian gia cng v cc khuyt tt ca sn phm,v vy, nh hng
cht lng sn phm.
2.1. THIT K B DY THNH CHNH
2.1.1. B dy chnh cng mng cng tt nhng phi dy
Khi chn b dy chinh,mc tiu ca nh thit k l cn phi ti thiu b dy ng thi
tho mn cc yu cu v chc nng sn phm.Khi tng b dy thnh,s lm tng co rt sn
phm.Co rt nhiu ngha l nguy c cong vnh ln.Mt khc,sn phm thnh mng s lm
tng sn xut,do t s dng nguyn liu v thi gian chu k p.Theo tnh ton ngi ta nhn
thy rng nguyn liu s dng v thi gian lm ngui chim 70% gi thnh sn phm.B dy
ti thiu ca sn phm c gii hn bi qu trnh chy ca vt liu v p sut in khun,
p sut in khun khng c vt qu 500bar.Khi thit k,c th s dng gin sau
xc nh b dy thnh phm cho ti u.
2.1.2. B dy thnh ng nht:
B dy l yu t chnh quyt nh n co rt, b dy khng ng u s lm co rt
khng u dn n cong vnh . Mc tiu chnh ca cc nh thit k sn phm nha p phun
l cn gi b dy thnh chnh ng nht trn sn phm. Ngoi ra, ngi ta cn phi s dng
h thng dn dng v hn ch dng nhm mc ch cn bng dng trong qu trnh in
khun. V vy lm cho sn phm c nn p u v hn ch cong vnh.
2.1.3. Trnh cc vng dy:
Cc phn dy thng gy hu qu l bt kh, vt lm, cong vnh, chu k p ko di.
Ngi thit k cn hn ch cc vng dy hoc to cc phn rng ti cc v tr ny. Cc phn
dy c th trnh bng cch thay i thit k hoc to l, khot lm. to gn thay v lm thnh
dng nguyn khi.
2.1.4. Cc li khi sn phm c b dy khng ng nht :
Sn phm c b dy khng ng nht trong qu trnh p gy ra cc khuyt tt nh :
to bt kh, cong, vnh, b mt khng bng phng v to ng sut ni.
Vi cch thit k ny, khi p nha va khun, nha s chy theo ng c lc cn t
nht. V vy, phn sn phm dy s in khun trc ri sau phn sn phm mng mi
in khun nn to by kh trong sn phm.
Cc thit k c b dy khng ng nht s nh hng n cong vnh c m t
trong hnh sau :
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 4
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San pham thiet

ke co be day
khong ong nhat
San phan se b cong venh

nh hnh nay v vung day
co rut nhieu hn
HNH 2.1
Hng khac phuc cong

venh bang cach thiet ke
be day ong nhat
HNH 2.2
Sau y l mt hnh nh phn tch dng chy bng chng trnh Molflow ca cc sn
phm c b dy thnh khng ng nht. Cc hnh nh phn tch cho ta thy s in khun
khng ng nht v cc khuyt tt ca sn phm trong qu trnh in khun.
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 5
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HNH 2.3
Hnh nh trn m t nh hng ca b dnh sn phm khng ng nht n kh nng
in khun ca sn phm. Sn phm trn c vng dy bn ngoi v mng bn trong, cng
phun c t ti vng ny. Khi nha bm vo khun th s in y vng dy trc v to
dng chy khng ng nht khi in phn trong. Trn hnh cho thy sn phm b by kh ti
vng mng, vng ny khng c in y.
nh hng ca dng chy khng ng nht thng gy ra hin tng phun thiu
trong sn phm c b dy khng ng u. Hnh sau y m t nh hng ca dng chy
n hin tng phun thiu.
HNH 2.4
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 6
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Sau y l mt s cch thit k lm cho b dy sn phm ng nht :
NEN
KHONG NEN
HNH 2.5
2.2. THIT K GC THOT KHUN
Gc thot khun c thit k sao cho sn phm c li ra khi khun mt cch d
dng. Khi thit k gc thot khun phi lm sao gim lc li sn phm. Thng gc thot
cho gn khong , vi sn phm c hnh dng phc tp th c th tng gc thot khun,
thng gc thot t n 2 .
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 7
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Sau y l mt s v d v gc thot khun cho sn phm v gn:
Hnh mo ta goc thoat khuon cho san pham
Hnh mo ta goc thoat khuon cho gan

HNH 2.6
2.3. THIT K GN
Gn c tc dng lm tng tc bn ca sn phm v gip cho qu trnh in khun d
dng hn.Tuy nhin,vic thit k ng l rt quan trng bi v i khi n s gy ra cc vt
lm.Gn c s dng khi sn phm cn cng v bn.
dy c bn ca gn khong 50-75% dy thnh chnh v ph thuc co rt ca vt
liu. dy gn bng khong 50% dy thnh chnh i vi vt liu co rt cao v 75%
cho vt liu c co rt thp.vt liu c co rt cao(thng ln hn 1.5% nh PE,PP)
nhng vt liu c co rut thp (thng nh hn 1.0% nhu ABS,PC).
m bo sn phm c chu lc,ngi ta thit k gn nh hn l s dng mt gn
ln.Khong cch ti thiu gia cc gn bng hai ln b dy thnh sn phm.
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 8
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HNH 2.7
2.4. THIT K NM LI
Nm li thung l cc chi tit trn cng,nh cao khi thnh chnh.Cc nm li thng
c t gia cc gn,nh cc thnh chuyn tip hay cc vch tam gic.Cc nm li ny
thng c th ng mt mnh hay kt ni vi cc thnh phn bn gn.Nm li khng nht
thit phi nh trn thnh sn phm v cc vng giao tip vi thnh s to ra vng dy gy ra
cc vt lm to l hoc to ra cu trc yu do hin tng giao dng.
Cc vch tam gic c cu trc mng thng c gia c cho cc nm li.Cc vch ny
c thit k theo nguyen l v dy v bn knh ging nh thit k gn.Chng khng
c cao qu 4 ln so vi thnh chnh:
2 - 4
1 - 2
HNH 2.8
Vi vic thit k trn phn thnh i din vi l khng c nh hn 0.7w nhm mc

ch gim cc vt lm.
sn phm khng b cc vt lm chn nm,chng ta cn to mt vng lm ngay
chn nm trnh s tp trung ca vt liu.
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 9
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Tao cau truc canh vat
Cau truc ranh e giam

vet lom pha oi dien
HNH 2.9
Khi thit k l bt vis thng th chiu cao c th cao gp hai ln chiu cao ca l
bt.chiu cao ny c th gp nm ln chiu dy thnh sn phm.
HNH 2.10
Vi cc chi tit nha dng trong cc chi tit lp ghp th cn thit nm bt vis.Thng
thng c hai loi nm bt vis l nm l bt v nm l thng.
Phng php gim chiu cao ca nm l thng khng cho d gia cng bng cch tng
chiu di ca phn l thng lp ghp vi chng.
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 10
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HNH 2.11
2.5. THIT K BN KNH CONG CHO SN PHM

Vi cc cu trc cho d l kim loi hay l nha,th tt nht cc gc ca sn phm nn
c bo trn.Khi bo trn cc gc cnh ca sn phm th s gim i s tp trung ng
sut,khng nhng gim cc vt rn gy h hi cho sn phm trong qu trnh s dng m cn
d dng gia cng vi nhiu loi nha khc nhau.
Bn knh cong cng ln th cng tt,nhng ti thiu bn knh cong phi bng 25% b dy
thnh sn phm.
ng suat tap trung lc

tac dung
Tao ban knh cong tai goc
HNH 2.12
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 11
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gi cho b dy sn phm ng nht th phi thit k bn knh cong hai bn gc.
Ban knh cong trong va ngoai

e tao be day ong nhat
Can tao ban knh

cong tai goc nay
HNH 2.13
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 12
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CHNG 3
VT LIU NHA P PHUN

3.1. GII THIU
3.1.1. Polymer
Plolymer l nhng hp cht m trong phn t ca chng gm nguyn t c ni vi
nhau bng nhng lin kt ho hc thnh nhng mch di v c khi lng phn t ln.Trong
mch chnh ca polymer nhng nhm nguyn t ny c lp i lp li nhiu ln.
V d: polyetylen [-CH2-CH2-]n
3.1.2. Mc xch c s
Mc xch l c s l nhng nhm nguyn t nht nh tham gia lp i lp li nhiu ln
trong mch phn t polymer.
Nhm CH2-CH2- trong mch polyetylen c gi mc xch c s
3.1.3. trng hp
trng hp,k hiu l DP, biu th s mt xch c tron i phn t.
V d : Polyetylen ( C2H4)n th
n l trng hp
M - trng lng mt mch phn t polymer
M - trng lng phn t mt mt xch c s
Th ta c :
DP=M/m M = DP . m
V d HDPE c trng lng phn t trung bnh M = 25000, trng lng phn t mt
xch c s m = 28 DP = 25000/28 =893
Gi tr Dp thng nm trong khong t vi n v cho n 5000 10000 hoc ln
hn na.
3.1.4. Tn gi
Tn gi polymer ch yu da vo tn monome ( mt xch c s ), hp cht tng hp
thnh polymer trc thm vo ch poly
V d : Etylen PE : polyetylen
Propylen PP : polypropylen
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 13
__________________________________________________________________________
3.1.5. Phn loi
Da vo ngun gc : c polymer thin nhin, polymae nhn to v polymer tng hp.
Da vo tnh cht c l l cht do v cht n hi. y l cch phn loi ph bin
nht. Lin h mt thit vi cu trc v chng xc nh s thch ng vi yu cu cng nghip
-Nha nhit do : l nhm vt liu cao phn t quan trng nht trong cc polymer
tng hp, bao gm cc cao phn t c kch thc nht nh, mch thng hay phn nhnh. T
nhit do ch ra rng cc polymer c th chuyn trng thi rn sang trng thi do bi s gia
tng nhit v qu trnh ny thun nghch, c th lp i lp li nhiu ln. Do i vi
nha nhit do ta c th ti sinh ( ngoi tr PTFE , polytetraflouethylene )
-Trong k thut, nha nhit do ch tt c polymer m lc lin kt phn t l cc
lin kt th cp ( lc Van der Waals, Hydro ), cc loi ny nhy nhit v dung mi.
-Cao su, cht n hi : l nhng polymer mch thng m lc lin kt th cp rt
yu, vt liu dng cht lng rt nht. s dng ta phi to cc lin kt ngang gia cc
mch phn t to thnh mng li khng gian ba chiu. c trng ca cao su l chng c
kh nng dn di cao c th ln n 1000% ( cao su t nhin lu ho ). Tuy nhin do to lin
kt ngang nn chng khng th ti sinh c
-Nha nhit rn : mt ni ngang dy c cao hn t 10 n 1000 ln so vi cao su.
Do cu trc khng gian ba chiu, tnh cht nha nhit rn rt cao so vi nha nhit do, nht
l kh nng chu nhit. Nha nhit rn to thnh mng khng gian ba chiu to thnh cao
phn t kch thc v cng ln so vi nguyn t. Do vy, nha nhit rn khng tan, khng
chy v cng khng ti sinh c.
V d : PF , PU , nha epoxy, silicone .
Da vo cng dng
-Nha thng dng : PE , PP, PVC,PS,ABS , HIPS
-Nha k thut : PA, PC ,POM , Teflon
-Nha chuyn dng : PE khi lng phn t cc cao, PTFE , PPS , PPD
3.2. C TNH CA MT S LOI NHA THNG DNG
3.2.1. Polyetylen(PE)
i2 : ch s chy MFR o iu kin 190*C, 2160 g ( ASTM D1248 )
Trong p phun, loi PE d chy ( i2 >25) c s dng gia cng cc sn phm
khi. co ngt ( lin quan t trng sn phm ) chu tc ng ca nhit khi ho do khi
vt liu v khi lm ngui.
Vi PE t trng cao c ch s chy thp yu cu nhit khun 40 70*C sn
phm c bng cao. Loi c i2 = 2.5-4 d b rn do tp trung ng sut. khc phc hin
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 14
__________________________________________________________________________
tng gin do tnh nh hng phn t mnh, tng nhit phun v dng loi nha vi ch
s chy cao ph hp
Bng 3.2.1: Gia cng v p dng PE dng cho p phun
T trng
0.92
0.93
0.94 (1)
0.95
0.96
MFI
190/2.16
>25-15(2)
D
chy D chy,
nht,khng sn phm
tp
trung c c b
ng sut
mt ln, b
rn cht t,
bng tt
D
chy, D
sn phm rn
chu chn kh
ng
dng
cc
phm
nh
15 - 5
Sn phm
c bn
ln hn, b
mt t bng
1.5
bn c
hc rt tt,
khng mn
<1
Sn phm
c
chu
c
lc
ko
cng
nh, b mt
bng tt
chy,
thp,
phun
cho
sn
trong
D
chy,
cng, chc
dng lm
chu, r,
chuyn ch
(3), m i
bo v
Khng va
chm tt,
sn phm
k
thut
chu
ko
cao
D
gia
cng,
khng chn
ng, lm
cc
sn
phm
k
thut, vt
lm kn, m
inh vt
Khng dc
v ro, sn
phm chu
ko c hc
mnh( nh
thng rc) ,
v gh ngi
Khng
tt,
phm
kn
ko tt
Khng gy
do
ko
cng,
b
mt tt, sn
phm
k
thut chu
ko
cng
cao
ro
sn
lm
chu
Khi lng
phn
t
cao,
ct
chu p n
nh cao,
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 15
__________________________________________________________________________
khp
ni
ng
(1) a s l blend ca PE-LD/HD, cng c th l PE-LLD
(2) Loi siu chy ln ti MFI >=100
(3) Thng ng chai l hay thng rc
3.2.2. Polypropylene(PP)
PP dng cho p phun thng thng dng ht, c mt s loi dng bt.
Vi PP s dng nhit cao, hn hp PP c n nh chng oxy ho v cc tc
ng c hi :
Khng lo ho nhit thng thng, c ph gia bi trn khng hi v sinh hc
Khng lo ho nhit cao, c n nh quang, khng nh hng v mt sinh hc
Khng thi tit- n nh bng than en, dng amine c cu trc khng gian cng
knh cho cc p dng ngoi tri.
Khng lo ho nhit cao vi dung dch ty ra nng, nc nng, khng c.
Khng lo ho nhit cao khi tip xc vi ng v cc kim loi khc.
Vi cng ngh p phun, thng thng compoud PP c n nh c dng sn xut cc
trang thit b nh bp v ni tht, thit b v sinh, gt giy, dng gia nh( chn a)
, chiPP khng nhit c n nh chu c dung dch ty ra dng sn xut cc b phn
my git gia nh v trong cng nghip dt, v d li qun ch b phn nhum, cc phn ca
my mc in tip xc dy ng. Trong lnh vc phng tin vn chuyn, nhiu loi PP
khng hoc c gia cng c dng: v acquy, ca thng gi xe hi, vlng xe hi , b lc
kh, thanh chn bn. Ci hm phanh.
3.2.2. Polystyrene (PS)
a s cc sn phm lm t h nha styrene gia cng p phun. Nha styrene c co rt
nh, chnh xc kch thc cao. Nha styrene c bin tnh cao su c u im to sn
phm ln do dng chy tt.
Cc loi nha styrene c tnh cht dn in rt tt, kh nng c cc chi tit chnh xc cao,
gi thnh va phi. Chng dng cho cc p dng cch in, cc phn kt cu ca cng ngh
in t v truyn thng: nh in thoi ( v bc ABS, cc phn bn trong SB v SAN )
SB v ABS khng va p nhit thp tt nn c dng sn xut cc phn v
bc trong v ngoi trong k ngh lnh.
Trong ngnh phng thin giao thng, SB v terpolymer dng lm lp lt . v bc,
bng iu khin, b ti nhit, ABS dng lm thn xe hi th thao
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Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
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__________________________________________________________________________
3.2.3. Polyvinyl chlorire(PVC)
PVC khng th gia cng mt mnh m phi trn cc phu6 gia : cht n nh nhitquang, cht bi trn, cht ho do. cht tr gia cng
Bng 3.2.4: p dng ca cc loi PVC
Loi PVC
Gi tr K(DIN 52 726 : 0.25g PVC ho tan trong 50 ml

cyclohexanone )
PVC cng
55 -
60
56 -
60
PVC ho do
65 -
70
55 -
60
Tnh co rt ca PVC trong p phun ph thuc cu hnh khun v iu kin phun. Gi

tr thng thng 2 4% theo hng phun v 1 2 % theo phng ngang, c th ln hn tu
trng hp.
PVC cng thng p khp ni ng v cc chi tit k thut, PVC do thng p thm,
m trm bo v, nt bm, khung bo v v gn knh xe, chi do, xe p, thanh hm
vlng xe hi, phch cm in, giy, ng, sandal.
3.2.4. Polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)
Trong p phun, PMMA kh chy hn polystyrene, nn u l hoc cng phun cn c
ng knh ln.Cn thit sy kh vt liu trc khi gia cng b mt sn phm p ( vt
liu nhit 70 100*C , 4 5 gi, d cao ca khi vt liu khng qu 4 cm ). Nhit
khun cao lm gim nng sut nhng gim ng sut trong sn phm c.
PMMA dng lm knh n cc loi; cc dng v sinh nh tm, a vi tnh
3.2.5. Styrene-acrylonit-copol(SAN)
SAN p phun 210*C, 150 bar, co rt 0.5%. Vt liu phi gi kh, Vt liu ny
phi nng chy khi c nht cao.
SAN dng cho cc dng bao b trong sut, khng v, tip xc thc phm nhy oxy
ho v UV.
3.2.6. Polyoxymethylene(POM)
POM l 1 lai nha k thut,c tnh cng cao ngay c nhit thp (nhit
chuyn tinh -60*C,duy tr tnh khng v va p -40*C), mi mn thp.POM thng
c dng lm cc chi tit k thut trong may o kim,in t,c kh chnh xc
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 17
__________________________________________________________________________
Khun nn gia nhit ln ti 60 130*C to kt tinh v cu trc b mt tt. co
ngt gia cng ph thuc vo nhit khun,ln hn 3% xung n khang 1%.Nhit gia
cng khng qu 220*C v gy nguy him do phn hy to kh formaldehyde
3.2.7. Polyamide(PA)
PA,gia cng khong 50%,l cht do k thut thng s dng nht,p dng trong
cc lnh vc ch yu yu cu bn va p,khng chn ng,hp thu ting n v rung
ng,bn n mn v mn: m ma st,con ln,thanh dn chuyn ng trt,cht an
tonPA cn c dng trong cng ngh in v in t nh vt liu cch nhit c bn
ko v chu nhit nh thanh chuyn mch,cc phn c k thut thut khng xng du
di mui xe hi
Khun nn gi nhit nhit cao >10O*C cho kt tinh cao,khng tp trung ng
sut,cu trc ng nht v cng b mt cao.Thng gia nhit khun 140 170*C
Bng 3.2.8: Cc li trong p phun
M t
Nguyn Nhn
Cch khc phc
Thnh phn m qu
cao, hi nc c hnh
thnh trong sut qu trnh
chy lm cho b mt sn
phm hng.
1.Phi sy vt liu trc

khi p, m ca vt liu
< 0.1 %
1.1 cc ng sc do m:
Thng c hnh ch nht
,sc mu bc trn b mt,
xut hin theo hng
dng chy. Vt liu c
phun ra khi xilanh hnh
thnh cc vng b dp
trn b mt
2. Tng p sut ngc.
1.2. cc sc do chy/sc mu bc/sc do kh gy ra

Cc sc bc hoc xm 1.Nha b phn hu do 1. Gim tc phun
c sinh ra do s bin nhit qu cao, hoc
2.Trnh dng cng phun
mu
thi gian lu ca vt liu
qu nh v thay i dng
trong my qu lu.
chy trong sn phm.
2. Nhit ma st sinh ra do
3. Kim tra nhit ca hot
s trt ca vt liu qua
runner v cc vng nhit
cng phun hp hoc do
trn xilanh.
thay i dng chy trong
sn phm.
4. Gim nhit chy,
tc quay ca trc vt,
thi gian lu nguyn liu
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 18
__________________________________________________________________________
( nu cn thit c th
thm vo mt t cht ho
do)
1.3 Cc sc sm mu :
Cc sc mu t xm n
en
1. p phun dng trc 1.Tng nhit trong

vt c rnh qu vng nhp liu vt liu
su.
chy d dng; dng trc
vt ph hp.
2. Cc im cht
trong vng ho do 2.Kim tra vng ho do
hoc hot runner.
v hot runner lm cn tr
dng chy.
3. Cc im khuyt
trong h thng van 3.Thay th van mt chiu
mt chiu.
b khuyt.
4. S gim p ca 4.Gim ng i ca trc
trc vt qu ln v vit gim tc gim
nhanh.
p.
5.Ci thin h thng van
thot kh v thit k
1.4 Cc sc mu
Mu sc khc nhau
1.Cht to mu phn tn
khng u, s tp trung
ca mu, mu khng ph
hp, s nh hng theo
dng chy ca cc cht
mu v c, mu b phn
hy nhit.
1.Dng cht to mu ph
hp; chc chn l mu
phn b u, trnh nhit
qu cao.
2. Trnh im cht trong
vng ho do v h thng
hot runner
2. im cht trong vng

3. m bo vng ho do
ho do v hot runner
lun sch
3. Cht bn
2. B mt bong/ khng bng phng :
B mt b tch thnh
phin, vy khi ct ngang.
1. ng sut trt cao 1.Tng nhit chy v

hnh thnh cc gim tc phun.
lp,s tng hp
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 19
__________________________________________________________________________
Rt kh nhn dng bi v
gia cc lp.
2. Trnh cc cht bn v
b mt khng b nt.
dng master batch ph
2. Cc
cht
bn
hp.
B mt thng h khi ta
khng tng hp
dng vt cng co nh
vi nhit do v
vo.
master batch to
mu.
Sn phm thng to
bong bng khi lm m.
3. Weld line
Cc vt hnh ch V, cc
ng mu khc nhau,
c bit khi dng mu v
c th wild line xut hin
l cc ng mu xm.
Xut hin trong nhiu h

nh: ABS hoc ASA. Cc
dng chy ngui lnh gp
nhau.
C th thit k a cc
ng wild line vo cc
v tr khng thy c v
khng chu va p( ci
thin dng chy, hn ch
nh hng ca mu, cc
dng chy ), kim tra
D thy trong bng v tr wild line thng nh
thit k: nu cn thit th
ti,bng hoc sn phm hng n c tnh.
m rng cun phun, cng
c b mt bng
v bec phun ca my,
trnh thay i b dy sn
phm t ngt v in
khun khng ng nht,
t van kh ph hp. Ti
u nhit chy, nhit
b mt khun v tc
phun, dng cht to mu
mi( hu c hoc v c,
c thnh phn mu cao
hn ). Dng vt liu c
nht thp hn.
4.1 Bt kh :
Bt kh trong qu trnh p 1. Trong sut qu trnh
c hin hu trong sn in khun, khng kh
phm.
c gi li trong sn
phm ti nhng vng gn
Cc bt kh ny hnh
b mt sn phm.
thnh cc l bn trong sn
phm.
1.Gim s mt p sut
ca trc vt hoc gim lc
p bng cch gim tc
(c bit khi bt kh
c hnh thnh ngay gn
cng phun)
2.Cn thit phi ti u
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 20
__________________________________________________________________________
hnh dng ca khun.
3.Kim tra thit k v
iu kin van thot kh
4.2Hnh thnh bong bng v l
S co rt ca vt liu
chy hnh thnh cc bong
bng kh c th thy
c( vt liu trong sut)
hoc khng thy c
trong sn phm p
Lp v cng bn ngoi
co rt, trong khi lp li
bn trong vn cn nng
chy trong qu trnh lm
ngui.
1.Ti u ho thi gian v

p sut gi
2.Tng nhit khun
3.Tng kch thc cung

phun, cng phun v bc
Phn nha nng chy
phun.
trong li khng co rt
theo ton b khi sn 4.Tng nhit chy
phm nn hnh thnh l
rng bn trong sn phm. 5. To vng m
6.Tng tc phun
5. S so rt
To ra cc ch lm trn Co rt thng tp trung Trnh cc vng c b dy
b mt sn phm ti vng cha vt liu khc bit ln v tp trung
p
nhiu.
nhiu vt liu ( VD: cc
gn.); b dy ca gn nn
Ti y vn co rt tng
bng 0.5-0.7 ln b dy
ln trong qu trnh lm
ca thnh chnh l tt
ngui m khng b li
nht
c bng p sut duy tr.
Kim tra nhit ng
cha.
Ti u nhit khun v
nhit p; ci p sut
duy tr, thi gian gi p
v vng m tng ng
vi kch thc.
Tng kch thc cng ti
v tr c thnh dy,thit k
cung v cng khun c
ng knh ph hp
vt liu in khun tt.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 21
__________________________________________________________________________
Lm ngui cc vng
thnh dy bng nc lnh
vi mc ch rt ngn
thi gian lm ngui.
6. Cc l nh :
Thng khng th nhn Khi lp da ngoi dy
thy c t bn ngoi hp thu c ng sut
tr trng hp vt liu co rt.
trong sut.
Lp nha chy trong li
Vi sn phm dy khi ct co rt vo trong hnh
ra th thy xut hin cc thnh cc l ti nhng
l nh.
vng nha cn do.
Trnh cc vng c b dy
khc bit ln v tp trung
nhiu vt liu ( VD: cc
gn.);
Kim tra xem nhit
iu khin ng cha, ci
p sut gi,thi gian gi
v vng m ph hp.
iu ny xy ra khi thi
gian lm ngui lu.
Tng kch thc cng
phun ti nhng vng dy
v tng ng knh ca
cung phun v cng phun
cho nha in y sn
phm.
7.Cc vng c bng m khc nhau

Sn phm p phun thng
c nhng ch c bng
rt thp v c nhng ch
c bng rt cao.
1.Bi v c s khc bit

v b dy, nh l s thay
i bt ng v b dy, cc
gn iu khin co rt
l ni c bng cao trn
Khng c s ng nht v
b mt ca kt cu.
mu sc hoc bng
gia cc vng.
2.Cc vng m thng
xut hin trn cc sn
phm lng c kt cu
phc tp( s gia tng b
dy t ngt,gn ). Trong
cng mt thi gian th
qu trnh in khun
khng u.
1.Trnh cc vng dy v
s thay i bt ng v b
dy; nu c th nn dng
b dy thnh ng nht.
2.Ti u hnh dng sn
phm v in khun. VD:
thay i tc phun
cc vng khc nhau.
nh bng sn phm cui
cng
3. a cc v tr wild line
vo nhng vng khng
nhn thy bng cch tng
tnh chy hay hn ch.
3.Trn cc ng lin lu
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 22
__________________________________________________________________________
v giao lu gy ra do 4. Kch thc ca cung
dng chy.
phun v cng phun ph
hp.
4.Cng phun v cung
phun c kch thc nh.
5.Ti u nhit gia
cng.
5.Nhit khun v nhit
chy v tc phun 6. iu chnh ng p
khng thch hp
sut duy tr v thi gian
duy tr p.
6. p sut gi v thi
gian duy tr p qu ngn. 7.Ci thin h thng van
thot kh
7.Nha chy khng ng
nht khi tip xc vi 8.Kim tra h thng lm
thnh khun.
ngui ca khun.
8. Cc vt rn
Dng cc vn trng( do s Gy ra do tc ng vt 1.Gim lc tc ng ln
khuch tn nh sng )
qu mc cho php.
khun t bn ngoi hoc
dng nha nhit do t
1. Tc ng t bn
nhy cm vi ng sut
ngoi,xut hin do
hn.Ti u thit k
lc ly sn phm.
khun.
2. Do ng sut d to
2.Xem li thit k sn
thnh.
phm ci thin tnh
3. ng sut ni trong chy.
sn phm do iu
3.Tng nhit b mt
kin gia cng
khun v nhit chy
khng ph hp.
ca nha, gim p sut
4. C th do phun duy tr, ci li thi gina
cht rc khun, v tc phun cho ph
sinh ra ng sut hp, mc ch l gim
ng sut trong gia cng,
nt.
khng ly ra khi khun
vi mt ng sut qu
d,chn c cu li sn
phm v m bo ly sn
phm mt lc ln
m khng h sn phm,
thay i iu kin cung
v cng phun; thay i
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 23
__________________________________________________________________________
thit k sn phm.
4. Dng li sn phm ph
hp.
9. Hiu ng mi hn:
Cc vt en cui dng 1.Khun c h thng
chy hoc v tr hp thot kh km cui dng
dng chy ( khng kh b chy.
gi li )
2.S hp dng ca mt s
dng chy.Trong c hai
trng hp kh c hnh
thnh trong cc khun
c nn cao v nha b
qu nhit.
1. t van kh ti nhng
vng c bit, gim tc
phun v nhit chy.
2. Nhn dng cc vng
c trung bng phn tch
moldfolw, VD, thit k
hnh dng ng v phn
b b dy sn phm hp
l.
3. Gim lc kp khun
gii quyt tnh hung nht
thi
10. Bin dng khi li sn phm :

1.B mt c du li ca 1.H thng ly sn phm:
sn phm, ng sut nt v qu t hoc cc thanh li
bin dng
t khong ng v tr
hoc din tich b mt ca
2.Sn phm b hng , cc
thnh li qu nh.
khe nt hoc b nn khp.
2.Ct xn, phng hoc
3. Sn phm b cong
cc rnh.
vnh
3.Hnh dng khun khng
thch hp, v d cc gn
khng ph hp
4.S co rt ca li trong
sut qu trnh p v lm
ngui. Nhit li sn
phm qu cao. Tc li
hoc p sut li cao.
1.Chc chn rng bin

dng xy ra trong qu
trnh li sn phm l
khng phi do cong vnh.
2.Ti u h thng ly sn
phm, chc chn s lng
thanh li ph hp. Cc
thanh li cn t nhng
vng cn lc li ln hn
nh ti gn
3.Kim tra khun thng
xuyn nu cn thit
4.Lm ngui li sn
phm. tng thi gian lm
ngui, gim tc v p
sut li.
5.Hin tng sn phm b

qu nn
5. Tng thi gian ci t,
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 24
__________________________________________________________________________
6.Nhit khun khng kim tra im chuyn t
cn bng.
p sut phun sang p sut
duy tr ( tranh hin tnf
qu chen) v gim p
sut duy tr.
6. Gim p sut khun
thng qua p sut phun
v nhit chy.
11. Cc ng vn :
Cc ng trn ng tm H nha nhit do a pha
to ra t cung phun, xut c khuynh hng to ra
hin dng vn trng , en theo dng chy:
trn b mt.
1. Do cung phun v
cng phun nh.
1.Tng kich thc cung

phun hoc hot runner.
2. Gim s tht thot p
sut my v hot runner.
3.Trong trng hp sn
2. S gim p sut phm c phn thnh
nhanh my v mng ln th phi tng b
hot runner.
dy.
3. B dy sn phm 4.Dng vt liu c tnh
qu nh hoc qu chy tt
khc bit.
5.Ti u cc thng s gia
4. Dng chy khng cng( tng nhit chy,
ph hp.
tng nhit khun, phun
vi tc trung bnh v
5. iu kin gia cng
tn p sut gi, ci thin
khng ph hp.
h thng van thot kh )
12.B mt b vn :
Cc gn trn b mt xut
hin theo chiu dng
chy, phn ln l cui
dng chy, c hnh dng
ging nh vn tay.
1.Nhit chy,nhit 1.Tng nhit chy,

khun v tc phun qu nhit khun v tc
thp
trc vt.
2.Do dng chy b lm
lnh qu nhanh b mt
khun, lm cn tr dng
chy trong khun, do
dng chy gia cc lp
khng ng nht.Cc lp
2. M rng cc ng
dn nha v ti u hnh
dng khun.
3.Gim chiu dng chy
bng cch thm cung
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 25
__________________________________________________________________________
nha khng tip xc tt phun.
vi khun.
13.Hin tng phun thiu
Khun khng c in 1.Nhit chy,nhit 1. Tng nhit chy vo
y
phun v tc phun qu hoc nhit khun cng
thp.
vi s tng tc phun.
2.Nha cha c do 2.Tng th tch ohun v
ho hon ton.
kim tra h thng van
mt chiu ( th tch phun
3. p sut phun khng
qu nh, khng c vng
ph hp. ng knh trc
m). Tng p sut
vt qu ln.
ngc.
4.H thng van thot kh
3. Ci t ph hp gia
khng ph hp.
p sut phun v th tch
5.Dng chy nha khng phun.
ph hp.
4.Ci thin h thng van
6.B dy sn phm qu thot kh, gim lc kp
khun.
nh hoc qu di
7.Hnh dng cun phun 5. Thay i dng chy
nha cho ph hp.
khng ph hp
6.Sa khun cho ph hp
vi loi vt liu.
7. Ni rng u phun,
cung phun v runner
14.Ba via
Ba via c hnh thnh 1.Sai s gia 2 na khun
trn ng gip m sn qu ln hoc khun b h.
phm
2.Lc kp khun khng
ph hp hoc ci qu
thp.
1. iu chnh khun cho

thch hp hoc sa li cc
ch h hng.
2. Ci li lc kp khun
cao hn hoc thay i
my ln hn.
3. Nhit chy, tc
phun, hoc p sut trong 3. p sut phun thp, tc
khun qu cao.
phun hoc p sut gi
nh hn. Chuyn qua p
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 26
__________________________________________________________________________
sut duy tr sm hn.
4.Gim nhit chy v
nhit khun.
15.Hin tng phun tia
Dng chy c phun
trc tip vo cc khun
m khng tip xc vi
thnh khun. Do lp
ngoi b ngui nn c s
chy khng ng nht vi
phn cn li. Kt qu gy
hin tng weld lines,
khng ng nht v lm
ngui v ng sut
ni.Gy ra do v tr cng
phun sai.
1. Ti u tc phun
Sn phm b bin dng v 1.Thit k khun khng

xon.
ph hp v sn phm c
s khc bit v b dy
dn n p sut khun
khc nhau v co rt khc
nhau.
1. Trnh ng sut ni
bng cch chn vt liu
v hnh dng sn phm (
cn bng vt liu v hnh
thnh sn phm ( cn
bng b giy). Ti u
khun bng chng trnh
Thng dng chy c

dng ngon ngoo, c th
nhn thy trn b mt
khun. Cc vt dng chy
th, c mu sc hoc
bng khc nhau.
2. t v tr cng
dng chy p vo
thnh khun
3. Dng vt liu c
nht cao hn
4. S dng tc
phun thay i
16. Hin tng cong vnh
2. V tr v thit k cung
phun khng ph hp
2.Kim tra v tr cng
phun
3. Gy ra do ci nhit
khun v tc phun 3.Ti u iu kin gia
khng ng
cng.
17. Hin tng cu vng
nh sng khc x trn b 1.Gy ra do tc c trt 1. Tng nhit dng
mt sn phm to hiu cao
chy
ng cu vng.
2.Thng thy nha 2.Gim tc fun
LURANS 7975 dng mu
3..Ni rng ra
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 27
__________________________________________________________________________
CHNG 4
GII THIU PHN MM SOLIDWORKS
Hnh 4.1: Mn hnh lc khi ng solidword 2007

y l mt trong nhng sn phm ni ting ca hng Dassault systemn, bn cnh mt sn
phm ni ting khc ca hng ny l Catia.Phn mm SolidWorks 3D CAD l phn mm
trc quan v cho php bn thit k cc sn phm c kh ni ring v hnh khi ni chung tt
nht bng cch cho php thit k theo nhm lm vic do s nhanh v mnh hn.
SolidWorks a ra sng kin iu khin tp th v hng trm cc yu cu khch hng phn
hi c nng cp, mang n cho t chc ca bn mt cuc cnh tranh ht sc si ng.Vic
thit k sn phm tt hn thng qua cc kh nng 3D CAD m cha phn mm no ch ni,
n cn d cho vic s dng. Vi phn mm SolidWorks , d liu thit k l 100% c th hiu
chnh, v c quan h cht ch gia cc phn, t hp v cc bn v lun lun c cp
nht.D dng s dng. Gim bt cc bc thit k thng qua hng tc cc sng kin tit kim
thi gian. S ln xn c gim i ng k v gim ti a s mt mi vi s tch hp ca h
thng Heads-up User Interaction, mt tp cc chc nng hin th v iu khin trc quan
c a ra.Thng nht d liu 2D v 3D. Sa i v bo dng cc file DWG theo cch
thc nh dng t nhin vi cng c DWGeditor, mt cng c bin tp cung cp giao din
s dng thn thin cho gia nh ngi dng AutoCAD. Nm ly cc cng c cao cp nht
cho vic chuyn i d liu 2D thnh 3D, duyt li cu trc hnh hc 2D, v cho php lm
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 28
__________________________________________________________________________
mn vi cng ngh 3D CAD, v thm cc thnh phn m rng v ti liu hng dn vi
ngi dng AutoCAD.Kh nng duy nht. Lm cho vic s dng mt s lng ln cc cng
c xy dng sn v cc chc nng mi m ch c phn mm SolidWorks 3D CAD:
SolidWorks Intelligent Feature Technology (SWIFT) (Cng ngh c trng thng
minh SolidWords) C bn th cc bn thit k x l vi cng ngh mi l dng cho cng
ngh mc chuyn gia vi 3D CADs l php thit k bng tay vi mi ngi dng bnh
thng d dng hn. V d, SWIFT cho php bn t thuc tnh th t tng phn nh phc
ho v bo trn (fillets) t ng.
Phn tch cc phn bn trong Xc thc tnh nguyn vn thit k v gim gi thnh
ca vt liu vi cng c COSMOSXpress, ch cn mt c nhp chut m bng phn
tch cho php bt k ai cng c th kim tra bn thit k mt cch nhanh chng v d dng.
Kt ni Design chia s cc bn thit k d dng vi eDrawings, cng c cho php dng
email u tin ny d dng to cc sn phm thit k theo dng kt ni design. n gin chi
s cc nh ngha thit k qua b my bn ngoi v cc nhm lm vic bng cc thit k
SolidWorks 3D qua li v cc ti liu Adobe PDF.
Cc cng c thit k my (Machine) Lm vic vi mt tp hp y cc thit k
kt ni, mi hn, phn tch v cc cng c ti liu. Ly cc lp tt nht, kt hp y vi
kh nng kim loi cho php bn di chuyn nhanh chng t thit k tng thi k n thit k
cui cng. Tit kim thi gian vi mt th vin cc c im thit k my.
Cng c thit k Mold T ng to cc li v l vi cng c mold xy dng sn. S
dng MoldflowXpress vi mt thit k da trn cc hp thoi wizard ph chun, iu
s nhanh hn v d dng hn trong vic kim tra s giao nhau ca cc phn cht do.
Cng c thit k sn phm Consumer Tng tc thit k cc sn phm hng ha
(consumer) bng cc cng c tin ch to v sn xut cc b mt ho hng.
Kh nng tm kim ton cu Tm kim nhanh chng tt c cc file SolidWorks, cho
d n c lu ni b ti my hay c chia s trn mng.
Truy cp trc tuyn ly cc thnh phn Tit kim thi gian vi cng c 3D
ContentCentral, mt khu ti nguyn web cung cp cc file CAD c cc thnh phn c
cung
cp.
Cc m hnh tng phn. To cc thit k d dng vi cc c im extrudes (nng chiu cao
hnh 2D thnh 3D), revolves (trn xoay), advanced shelling, to cc vng mu - patterns, v
gi cc c im tng phn. Tng tc m hnh cc phn s dng c im theo cp iu
khin trn nhiu phn. To thit k tc th (real-time) thay i thng qua cc c im bin
tp ng v phc.Cc m hnh kt hp. Thao kho trc tip tt c cc phn v duy tr lin kt
quan h khi to ra mt phn mi. Li ch ny cha phn mm no lm c cho khi lng
thit k ln vi hng nghn phn. Lm vic nhanh hn vi ch Lightweight. c im ko
th rt nhanh cc thnh phn.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 29
__________________________________________________________________________
Tng tc thit k kt hp vi cng c bt dnh (snap-to-fit SmartMates) v dng li
Smart Components cho php kch thc t ng vi cc thnh phn khc. Gi lp chuyn
ng v tng tc c kh gia cc khi (solids) bng kh nng cng c c nht Physical
Simulation.
Gi lp cc hnh ng belts, chains, racks, pinions, v gear, ng thi t s khc
nhau thng qua mu, kt cu vt liu, v cc thuc tnh khc trn mn hnh.V 2D. Pht trin
cc chc nng b my v b qua cc i tng n line hoc arc. Cu trc lin kt y
vi cc bn v - quan st bn v v nhm cm vt liu cp nht mi khi bn sa i phn
no hoc c bn thit k. T ng to nhiu khung nhn hon chnh y cc chiu quan
st.
To ra cc cm vt liu cho ton b d n vi mt c click n. T ng thm cc
qu bng vo tt c cc thnh phn trong mt bn v ging hng chng d dng. D dng
thay i kch thc, kim tra li chnh t vn bn, ch thch. To cc sn phm v cc bng
thng s d dng nh cc bng ngi s dng to ra
So snh cc bn v d hn vi vic lm ni ln v nhn thy s thay i r rng vi
cc phin bn khc. To ra s c nht trong cc chc nng ca bn v 3D. Chc nng 3D
Drawing View cho php bn xem tng phn 3D khng cn trong mi trng v.
Thit k phc ha s dng cc khi b b cho php bn thit k nhanh chng v x l
tng phn c cu 2D trc khi to thnh 3D. To b mt (Surfacing), chp Capture v hiu
chnh vi cc kh nng phc ha cao cp 3D.S dng cng c b mt dng t do Freeform
"ko v y" - push and pull nhm iu khin cc im d dng v to kiu dng, cc
b mt lin tc. To cc b mt phc tp vi cng c lofts v sweep c hng dn bng cc
ng cong curvers, iu khin d dng vi cc im tuyn tnh v c im t sng to.
Cc cng c khc nh Trim, extend, fillet, v knit lm vic vi c b mt.
Chc nng CAD: Phn mm ny c u im l giao din p, thn thin, kh nng
thit k nhanh hn cc phn mm khc rt nhiu nh vo s xp xp v b tr cc toolbar
mt cch c h thng v hp l. Phn mm ny khng c nhiu modul nh Catia hay
unigraphics vn l nhng phn mm ln thit k trong nhiu lnh vc nh t, hng khng,
in t, Solidworks ch yu c dng trong c kh chnh xc, in t, t, thit k c
kh, to khun, thit k kim loi tm ni chung, v cc chc nng ny th Solidworks t ra
c khng thua km Catia, unigraphics thm ch cn hay hn v tt hn, bi l n ch chuyn
v nhng lnh vc , cng vi ngi anh em Catia ca mnh, Solidworks tr thnh mt
trong nhng phn mm ni ting th gii ca hng Dassault systemn. chng ta phi s
Chc nng CAM:, SolidWorks cn c 1 Modul ring v phn CAM na, l
SolidCam,Modul ny chy ngay trn giao din ca solidworks, vic s dng ca SolidCam
qu tht v cng thn thin, hn hn Mastercam v cc phn mm khc v tnh d s
dng.N c th to dng chy dao 1 cch nhanh chng v c kim sot,cho php bn chn
loi my gia cng c th tnh ton tc ph hp.Hn na vic hiu chnh li ng chy
dao khi chnh li mu thit k gc l iu hon ton c th thc hin.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 30
__________________________________________________________________________
Chc nng CAE: c l y l mt u im ca hng sn xut, khi m h mua trn gi
b phn mm phn tch cc k ni ting th gii l Cosmos tch hp v chy ngay trong
mi trng ca solidworks, lm cho chc nng Phn tch ca Solid kh c th c phn mm
khc so snh c c. Vi modul phn tch ca Solidworks l cosmos, chng ta c th
thc hin c nhng bi phn tch v cng phc tp nhng rt hay, di y l lit k mt
vi bi ton m ti dng tnh vi cosmos:
- Phn tch tnh hc (bi ton cu xung cu sinh l ti tt nghip ca mnh).
- Phn tch ng hc (bi ton chuyn ng ca cu xung) .
- Phn tch ng lc hc(bi ton phn tch ng sut khi c cu chuyn ng con ln di
chuyn trn ray).
- Phn tch dao ng.
- Phn tch nhit hc.
- Phn tch s va chm ca cc chi tit.
- Phn tch thu kh ng hc ( thng qua bi ton phn tch lng nc chy qua ci robine
v b tr qut thng gi cho CPU my tnh nhm tn nhit tt hn).
- Phn tch qu trnh rt kim loi lng vo khun v mc gia nhit cn thit cho qu trnh
.
Bn cnh nhng modul phn tch ny th Cosmos cn cho php thc hin nhiu bi
ton khc na, nhng do iu kin thi gian khng cho php nn mnh cng cha hc c.
Ni chung l chng trnh tnh ton nhanh v cho php thc hin phn tch cm rt nhiu chi
tit, vi cc thng s kt qu l: ng sut, sc cng, chuyn v, h s an ton kt cu
Hnh 4.2: Cnh tay Robot c thit k bng Solidword 2007
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 31
__________________________________________________________________________
CHNG 5
CC KIU KHUN NHA C BN

5.1. CC KIU KHUN C BN
tiu chun ha cc loi khun,ngi ta tnh ton v a chng vo nhng tiu
chun nht nh.Do ,ty theo loi khun v kch thc khun m cch b tr cc chi tit
khun nh cht,bc,bulon s khc nhau.
y chng ta s p dng tiu chun FUTABA ca Nht.
Theo tiu chun FTABA th khun gm c cc loi sau:
-Kiu S: bm keo trc tip.Trong gm c:
SA: c tm pha di tm c
SB: c thm tm bng li sn phm
SC: ging SA,nhng khng c tm
SD: ging SB,nhng khng c tm
SE,SF: kiu khun dng cho vic ly ui keo bng Robot
-Kiu D: bm keo gin tip.Trong gm c cc loi DA,DB,DC,DD,DE,DF
ging kiu S
-Ngoi ra cn c cc kiu E,F. nhng chng khng thng dng nn tm thi
khng bn ti y
Sau y l v d v 1 s kiu khun thng dng:
Kiu SC
T1: tm trn (Top Plate)
A: tm ci (Cavity Plate)
B: tm c (Core Plate)
T1
A
B
C: gi (Spacer)
E: tm i trn (Ejector Retainer)
F: tm i di (Ejector Plate)
T2: tm y (Bottom Plate)
C
T2
E
F
H N H 5.1
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 32
__________________________________________________________________________
KIU SA
KIU DA
T1
T1
R
A
B
B
U
C
T2
E
F
C
T2
HNH 5.2
E
F
HNH 5.3
U: Tm (Support Plate)
R: Tm git ui keo (Runner Plate)
Kiu DB
T1
R
A
S
B
U
C
T2
E
F
HNH 5.4
S: tm li bng
(Stripper Plate)
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 33
__________________________________________________________________________
5.2. CC CHI TIT KHUN C BN
HNH 5.5
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 34
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 5.6
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 35
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 5.7
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 36
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 5.8
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 37
__________________________________________________________________________
CHNG 6
THIT K SN PHM : NP NG CNG

minh ho cho vic thit k sn phm nha nu phn trc,ta thit k 1 sn
phm lm mu. y ta chn sn phm np y vo ng ng vin si bt.Gi l Np
ng cng (Hnh 6.1)
Sn phm c lm t vt liu l PP (Polypropylene).Vt liu ny c u im l c
tnh chng oxi ha,cc ha cht thng dng,c n hi tng i cao,gi thnh trung
bnh.
Phn i hi chnh xc nht ca np l ng knh 24,16.Phn ny dng y
cht vo ming ca ng cng,ng knh ngoi ca n phi ln hn ng knh trong
ca ng 1 lng nht nh c th y cht c
cc mt tr hoc mt phng c cao ln hn 1mm (kch thc ca sn phm
chiu song song so vi hng tch khun) ta phi lm cho chng nghing 1 gc nht nh
sau ny sn phm d ly khi khun.Tu theo chnh xc ca mt lm vic m ta
chn gc nghing ln hay nh
Thit k cc gn dc bn ngoi np c th dng tay vn np ra khi phn ng d
dng,vi cc kch thc Detail B
i vi sn phm ny,ta chn vi tr bm keo vo chnh gia,pha trn ca np.Do
vy,nu lm mt trn hon ton phng,sn phm khi p ra s cn du ca ui keo cm
ln gy mt thm m,cha k n vic khng th np nm trn 1 mt phng c do
cn phn tha ca ui keo.V vy ta phi to vt lm mt trn ca sn phm,ngay ti
v tr bm keo hn ch cc khuyt im trn (Detal D)
Ngoi ra, cho nha c th bm vo u,ta to thm phn li bn trong np lm
ging ngui,trnh s cn tr dng chy (Detail D)
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 38
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 6.1: Bn v np ng cng

________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 39
__________________________________________________________________________
di cng ca np phi lm thm phn li g sau ny khi b vo nhng ht ht
m,v ming giy chn,th phn li g ny s ngn khng cho ming giy khng b rt
ra ngoi.Tuy nhin phn li g ny khng c dy qu,v lc sn phm s b cn
ngc (UnderCut) qu nhiu,khng th li ra khi khun (Detail E)
Ta cn phi thit k thm cc bn trong,dc theo phn ming ln ca np chu
lc,gip cho np c cng vng.Ngoi ra,cc gn ny cn trnh cho sn phm b bin
dng do co rt nha.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 40
__________________________________________________________________________
CHNG 7
THIT K KHUN CHO SN PHM NP NG CNG
7.1. XC NH KIU KHUN
Vi cch thit k sn phm nh lc u (chn v tr bm keo vo trn u sn
phm),cho nn ta s p dng kiu khun bm keo gin tip (bn kim),v li bng ty
li.Vy kiu khun s p dng l FUTABA DA
Sau khi xc nh kiu khun,da vo kch thc sn phm v vic b tr sn phm,ta
tin hnh v bn v phc,xc nh kch thc bao ca khun, dy cc tm tin hnh
t MOLDBASE (Hnh 7.1).Cc bc tnh ton c th s trnh by phn sau.
V phn vt liu lm khun.Ta ly theo tiu chun Futaba l thp C45.Ring tm c
v tm ci: 2 tm ny cn t bng b mt (theo yu cu ca khc hng).V vy ta
chn vt liu l thp 2083.y l loi thp khng r v cho kh nng nh bng tuyt vi
sau khi gia cng.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 41
__________________________________________________________________________
STT
HNH 7.1
T E N G O I
T E N G O I K H A C
SL
T o p P la te
T a m tra n
R u n n e r P la te
T a m g i t u o i ke o
C a vity P la te
T a m ca i
C o re P la te
T a m c
S u p p o rt P la te
T a m
S p a ce r
G o i
E je cto r P la te
T a m o i tre n
E je cto r R e ta in n e r T a m o i d i
B o tto m P la te
T a m a y
10
G u id e P illa r
C h o t b u n g
11
G u id e B u sh in g
B a c d a n h n g
12
12
G u id e P in
C h o t d a n h n g
13
R e tu rn P in
C h o t lu i
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 42
__________________________________________________________________________
Trong : ch chn cc kch thc:
Kch thc bao ca khun (rng x di): 230x350mm
dy tm ci: 30mm
dy tm c: 35mm
dy tm : 35mm
Cc kch thc khc: ly theo tiu chun
7.2. TO MT PHN KHUN,TCH THNH PHN M-DNG
Vic u tin ta phi lm trc khi tch khun l xc nh co rt ca sn
phm.Vic xc nh co rt c nh hng ln n kch thc v chnh xc ca sn
phm sau ny.V khi nha c in y khun,khi ngui i th s co li 1 lng nht
nh (gi l co rt),v mi loi nha c co rt khc nhau.(Tham kho bng thng
s cc loi nha trang 14)
i vi loi nha PP th co rt tng ng l t 0.012 n 0.02.Ta s ly gi tr theo
kinh nghim thc t l 0.016.
Sau khi xc nh co rt ta s Scale sn phm ln ln vi t l l 1.016 to lng
khun.
Tip theo ta s to mt phn khun tch sn phm ra thnh 2 phn c (Hnh 7.3)
v ci (Hnh 7.2)
HNH 7.2
PHAN CAI
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 43
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 7.3
PHAN C
i vi phn ci gm nhiu gn s nh hng tc x l ca my khi thit k v lp
trnh gia cng,ta c th ct bt cc gn ny i,v s to chng ring thnh 1 in cc
bn to hnh trn my EDM (Hnh 7.4)
HNH 7.4
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 44
__________________________________________________________________________
i vi vi chiu su rnh to hnh sn phm nh vy s rt kh gia cng hoc thay th,sa
cha sau ny.Nn ta s tch phn li bn trong ra thnh cc ghp (Hnh 7.5).Phn cc ghp
ny bn trong li cha ty li sn phm (s trnh by phn h thng li) nn ta chn vt liu
l thp 2311 (P20).y l loi thp c cng cao,v chu ma st rt tt.Tuy khng kh
nng nh bng khng bng thp 2083 nhng chi tit ny to hnh phn bn trong ca sn
phm,nn ta ko cn quan tm n bng b mt.
14
10,56
HNH 7.5
7.3. XC NH S LNG KHUN
Cc yu t quyt nh s lng khun (s sn phm trn 1 khun):
Kch thc u phun ca my p
Kch thc,hnh dng sn phm
Tc ha do
Lc kp cn thit thng p lc phun ca nha vo lng khun
Din tch ln nht ca tht my
Yu cu ca khc hng v thi gian (sn lng hng thng,hng nm)
S lng sn phm
Trnh sn xut
Cc cng thc xc nh s lng khun
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 45
__________________________________________________________________________
7.3.1. Theo cng sut phun ca my
V
Pmax
ncs =
V
+V
+V
SP
CP
RD
Trong :
VP max :
Th tch phun ln nht ca my (cm3 )
VSP : Th tch sn phm (cm 3 )

VCP : Th tch cung phun (cm 3 )
VRD : Th tch rnh dn (cm 3 )
7.3.2. Theo tc phun

ntd =
dn
n xV
P
Vi 0,4ncs < n td < 0,8ncs
Trong :
v dn : tc dng nha (cm 3 / ph)
nP : s phn phun (ln/ph)
V: Th tch sn phm + rnh dn (cm3 )

7.3.3. Da vo lc kp ln nht:
10fFo
n =
lk
AP
i
Trong :
Fo : Lc kp ln nht ca my (KN)
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 46
__________________________________________________________________________
f : h s an ton.Tng chn f = 1.2 5
P : p sut phun ln nht (MPA)

i
A : tng din tch hnh chiu khun v rnh dn
7.3.4. Cng thc 7.3.3 cn c th c tnh theo cch n gin hn nh sau:
S 400
n =
(tan)
lk 10000
Trong :
400: p lc nha trung bnh trong lng khun (ly theo gi tr thc nghim)
Nh vy,p dng cng thc 7.3.4, ta s tnh c lc kp khun ti thiu cho 1 lng
khun l:
3,14 28,72
400
4
n =
= 2,6(tan)
lk
100000
i vi my p hin c (90 tn) dng p ra sn phm ny,ta tnh ra c s lng
khun =90/2,6= 36 (lng khun)
Tuy nhin v yu cu sn lng hng nm khng nhiu (khong 20 ngn SP/nm) nn ta
chn s lng khun = 8 tit kim vt liu v chi ph gia cng
7.4. B TR LNG KHUN:
ti u cho vic bm nha vo sn phm,ta b tr lng khun gm 2 ct,mi ct 4
hng v b tr i xng nhau.
Chn khong cch an ton gia 2 sn phm l 20mm,sau kt hp vi bn v lp
ca MOLDBASE chun ta xc nh c kch thc bao ca khun l 230x350mm
Sau ghp cc lng khun va to thnh vo tm c (Hnh 7.6) v tm ci (Hnh
7.7) ,ta c:
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 47
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 7.6
TAM AM
HNH 7.7
TAM DNG
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 48
__________________________________________________________________________
7.5. THIT K H THNG DN NHA

7.5.1. Thit k cung phun
-Cung phun l ni vt liu c bm vo khun.Bc phun (u l) ca my p phun
tip xc vi b mt ca cung phun. sn phm v h thng rnh dn d li ra khi khun
th cun phun phi c vut t 1.5 3.5mm theo dc chiu di ca cung v phi c lm
bng.
-Thng th cun phun c to hnh t bn trong ca 1 chi tit gi l bc bm keo
-Ngi ta thng thit k ng knh l ca u l nh hn ng knh trong ca bc
keo t 0.125 0.75mm.iu ny m bo vt liu chuyn t u l vo bc keo c
m,khng to iu kin trt v gim p lm cho sn phm c nn khng thch hp gy ra
cc khuyt tt trn b mt
-ng knh ca cung phun v tr giao vi h thng rnh dn chnh ti thiu phi
bng hoc ln hn ng knh hoc su ca rnh
-Kch thc cung phun ph thuc vo kch thc sn phm v c bit l b dy sn
phm
-Da vo cc yu cu trn,ta chn ra 1 loi bc keo theo tiu chun vi ng knh cung
phun bn ngoi l 16mm (Hnh 7.8)
HNH 7.8
7.5.2. Thit k h thng rnh dn

Thit k h thng rnh dn l khu rt quan trng trong thit k khun.Cc yu cu chnh
khi thit k h thng rnh dn:
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 49
__________________________________________________________________________
Gim ti thiu s hn ch dng chy trong h thng rnh dn,nh din tch ngang ca
rnh khng ph hp
Chiu di tng cng ca h thng rnh nn hn ch ti a nu c th trnh hin tng
gim p sut v nhit ca vt liu
Din tch ngang ca h thng rnh phi ln cho thi gian ngui ca nha trong
rnh khng vt qu thi gian ngui ca ming phun.iu ny gip cho p sut duy tr ng
vi tnh ton
Khong cch dng chy ca nha t tm cung phun n mi sn phm phi bng nhau
Gim t l khi lng nha trong rnh dn m khng mu thun vi cc yu cu trn
Da vo cc yu cu trn ta thit k rnh dn trn tm git ui keo nh sau (Hnh 7.9)
3,5
HNH7.9
7.5.3. Thit k ming phun
Do chng ta p dng kiu bm keo gin tip,khun gm 8 sn phm nn cng s c 8
ming phun (cng vo keo tng ng)
1 s yu cu khi thit k ming phun:
Trnh thit k cng gy ra dng chy di hi t to thnh by kh,ti cc v tr
c th thit k cc van thot kh
Nu c th th thit k v tr ca cng vng sn phm dy nht
La chn v tr cng sn phm t bn cao nht theo chiu dng chy,c
bit vt liu c n hoc gia cng
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 50
__________________________________________________________________________
Ming phun phi c t xa cc phn s chu va chm hay chu un.Khu vc
ming phun c khuynh hng chu ng sut d do qu trnh in y khun v
thng l v tr yu nht
Hn ch cc dng chy giao nhau,c bit l ti cc v tr chu ng sut v va p
cao.Nn nh hng cc dng chy giao nhau ti nhng ch dy ca sn phm
Vi nhng khun c nhiu cc khun,yu cu ming phun ca mi cc phi c
cng kch thc (ng knh v b dy).iu ny m bo c s cn bng dng
chy n mi cc khun
Dng chy phun thng trc tip vo thnh cc khun trnh s ng v phun
tia
Nu c th,nn t cng ti nhng ch khut ca sn phm
Vi cc yu cu trn,ta thit k 8 cng vo keo bn tm ci vi kch thc nh sau
(Hnh 7.10)
0.6
1.5
HNH 7.10
Ngoi ra cho 1 h thng bm keo hon chnh,ta cn phi thit k thm vng nh
v bc keo
7.5.4. Vng nh v bc keo
Khi lp khun ln my p phun, u l my p v bc keo c ng tm,ngi ta gn
thm 1 vng nh v pha trn cng ca khun,vng nh v ny s c nh tm vo 1 l
nh tm c sn trn tm tht ca my p.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 51
__________________________________________________________________________
Ty lai my p ngi ta s gn ln khun 1 vng nh v c kch thc khc nhau
Ngoi ra vng nh v cn c chc nng gi cht bc keo khng cho rt ra ngoi
ng knh ngoi ca vng nh v phi nh hn ng knh l nh tm trn my p
i vi my p chn,vi ng knh l trn tht my = 100mm ,ta s dng vng nh
v sau (Hnh 7.11)
HNH 7.11
7.6. THIT K H THNG NG GIT UI KEO

1 yu cu na khi thit k h thng bm keo kiu gin tip nh trn l khi m khun,ta
phi lm sao cho ng keo tch ri vi sn phm v phn keo tha ch rnh dn v cng
phun phi tch ra khi khun c th ly ra d dng. cng chnh l l do ta chn kiu
khun D v cc kiu khc khng lm c iu ny.H thng git ui keo hot ng nh
sau:
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 52
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 7.12
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 53
__________________________________________________________________________
4
5
6
7
2
8
HNH 7.13
u tin ta phi m bo khi m khun,tm dng (7) v tm m (6) khng c tch

ra trc,nu khng nh vy th ui keo khng th ly ra c.Do ta gn vo gia tm
dng v tm m 4 cht nha (8),cht ny nm c nh trn tm c v c cng dng to lc
ma st khng cho 2 tm dng v m tch ra trc.Tuy nhin,sau 1 thi gian hot ng,cht
ny chu lc ma st rt nhiu nn chc chn s b mn phn bn ngoi.Do bn trong cht
ta gn vo 1 bc cn v 1 bulon iu chnh khi xit bulon cho bc cn i vo cht nha th
phn cn ca bc s nong cho cht ln ra 1 lng nht nh,phn ln ra ny c th thay th
cho phn nha b mt i do lc ma st. (Hnh 7.14)
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 54
__________________________________________________________________________
HNH 7.14
7.6.1. Quy trnh m khun nh sau
4
5
2
6
3
7
8
HNH 7.15
Khi m khun (Hnh 7.15) ,tm git ui keo v tm m s tch ra trc do lc lin
kt gia 2 tm ny l yu nht
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 55
__________________________________________________________________________
Ta thit k 8 ty git ui keo (4) 8 v tr min phun.Ty git ui keo ny c gn
c nh vo tm trn (5) v c th trt trong tm git ui keo.Nhin v ca n l gi cht
ui keo khi m khun,phn u ui keo,ch tip xc vi sn phm s b t ra.Phn
keo tha lc ny s dnh li trn b mt tm git ui keo
Ngoi ra,ta gn 4 pat git bn hng khun.Pat ny c rnh gia 2 bulon trn tm
git ui keo v tm ci c th trt bn trong.V hin ti phn u ty git i keo cn nm
trong phn keo tha nn khng th ly phn ny ra c.Do ta phi tip tc tch 2 tm
trn v tm git ui keo ra (Hnh 7.16) ty git ui keo ny rt ra khoi phn keo tha.V
vy ta gn 4 pat dn ny l khi phn thn bulon gn trn tm ci ng vo c chn trn pat
dn th tm git ui keo v tm ci khng tip tc tch ra c na.Do mt phn khun vn
tip tc m nn lc ny 2 tm trn v tm git ui keo s bt u tch ra
4
5
10
6
3
7
8
HNH 7.16
Ta gn vo gia 2 tm trn v tm git ui keo 4 l xo (9) m bo chng tch ra

hon ton
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 56
__________________________________________________________________________
Lc ny phn keo tha (10) c thot ra khi ty git ui keo,ch cn phn cung
cn mm trong bc bm keo.Do phn ny c th ly ra d dng bng tay,bng Robot hoc
cho rt t ng ( kiu khun ny chng ta thit k ly ui keo tha bng Robot)
Do hnh trnh m khun vn tip tc,cho nn khun vm tip tc m n khi phn
long n (3) u 4 cht bung chm vo mt tm ci,khi 4 cht bung ny s gi nhim
v tch tm m ra khi tm dng, sn phm c th ly ra sau ny (Hnh 7.17)
4
5
10
6
3
7
HNH 7.17
7.6.2. Nhng iu cn lu
Thit k c hnh trnh ca pat chn di hn tng chiu cao(tnh c phn cung) ca phn
keo tha 1 khong an ton phn keo tha c th ly ra d dng
Thit k c hnh trnh ca cht bung di hn c hnh trnh ca pat chn 1 on ln hn
phn u ca ty git ui keo,nh vy ty git ui keo mi c th rt ra ht khi ui keo
tha.Tuy nhin s chnh lch khong cch ny khng c ln hn dy ca tm git ui
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 57
__________________________________________________________________________
keo,nu ln hn th lc m khun ty git ui keo s rt ra bn ngoi tm git ui keo,iu
ny rt nguy him khi ng khun.Thng th ta thit k khong chnh lch ny khong 510mm
1 iu na cn lu khi thao tc trn my p phun chnh khong m khun: khong
cch gia tm ci v tm c sau khi tch ra phi ln hn gp i chiu cao ca sn phm,
sn phm c th li ra d dng sau ny
7.7. Thit k h thng li
H thng li ng vai tr quan trng trong khun p phun,vic b tr h thng li ph hp
s gip ly sn phm ra khi khun d dng,m bo phn ngoi quan bn ngoi ca sn
phm,n cn gp phn gim chu k p ra 1 sn phm.Nhng lu khi thit k h thng li
i vi kiu li ty nh khun trn:
Phi m bo cng vng ca ty li,trnh trng hp khong li qu di m ng
knh ty li li qu nh
B tr ln khong cch gia cc ty li ph hp.Khong cch qu di s khng lc
li sn phm,ngc li khong cch ngn s tn chi ph gia cng v khng ch b
tr h thng lm ngui
Khong cch li phi ln hn chiu cao sn phm t nht l 5mm
Ty li c gn t tm i trn cho n tm mt trn cng ca tm dng (hoc cc
ghp dng).ta khng th no gia cng chnh xc ht cc l gn ty li qua nhiu tm
khun c.V vy c nhng ch c th gia cng vi sai s ln c c th rt ngn
thi gian gia cng (Hnh 7.19)
Chiu cao gi phi tnh ton sao cho khi khun li ht khong li tnh ton th
gia tm i trn v tm phi c 1 khong h an ton
i vi sn phm Np ng cng,v c thm phn UnderCut nn cn phi c lc li tht
ln mi c th li sn phm ra c,nn ta thit k ty li 12 lng vo gia cc ghp
dng (Hnh 7.18)
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 58
__________________________________________________________________________
12,00
HNH 7.18
8,00
17
Ta c hnh trnh li sn phm nh sau
4
7
5
6
H N H 7 .1 9
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 59
__________________________________________________________________________
8 ty li (1) c lng vo khun nh hnh 7.19 v tr tm ca 8 sn phm
Theo Moldbase c sn 4 cht li (2) khi khun ng li,mt tm ci chm vo cht
li,s y c 2 tm i v li v tr ban u
i ln
gia tm y,ta gia cng l 50 xy lanh y trn my p phun c th y 2 tm
2
3
4
7
5
6
HNH 7.20
li sn phm,xilanh y trn my p phun y 2 tm i ln,theo ,ty li s li

sn phm (8) ra khi khun (Hnh 7.20)
Ta b tr 4 l xo (7) lng trong 4 cht li,chng c cng dng sau khi xi lanh li trn
my p phun rt v th di lc y ca l xo,2 tm i cng t lui v.Do vy,nu c trng
hp sn phm ra khi cc c nhng ty li vn cn nm trn sn phm th khi ty li li
v,sn phm vng li phn u ca cc dng v s t rt ra ngoi.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 60
__________________________________________________________________________
Ngoi ra ta cn phi tnh n s lin quan gia chiu di ca l xo v khong cch li
tnh chiu cao gi , khi 2 tm i li ln 1 khong tnh ton th lo xo vn cha nn
ht.Theo ta chn l xo cng dp vi chiu di 40mm v nn l 50%
7.8. Thit k h thng lm ngui
iu khin nhit khun v thi gian lm ngui ngn,cn phi bit t h thng
lm ngui ch no v dng h thng lm ngui no.iu ny rt quan trng v thc t l thi
gian lm ngui chim khong 50 60% ton b thi gian ca chu k khun.Do lm cho
qu trnh lm lnh rt quan trng lm gim thi gian ca c chu k
Phi iu khin nhit khun c dng nha m chy vo trong khun. trnh lm
ngui qu nhanh,v l thuyt tt nht l gi nhit khun cao cui dng chy
iu khin tt nhit trong khun cn lu nhng im sau:
Knh lm ngui phi t gn b mt khun cng tt,nhng ch bn c hc
ca vt liu khun
Cc knh lm ngui phi t gn nhau 1 khong nht nh
Nn chia h thng lm ngui ra lm nhiu vng lm ngui trnh cc knh lm
ngui qu di dn n s chnh lch nhit ln gia u vo v u ra
c bit ch n vic lm ngui nhng phn dy ca sn phm
Ch tnh dn nhit ca vt liu khun
D h thng lm ngui ng vai tr quan trng nh vy nhng ta vn phi thit k chng
sau cng trnh ng chm vi h thng li sn phm v cc h thng khc
khun trn ta thit k h thng lm ngui cho 2 chi tit chu nhit nhiu nht l tm
dng v tm m.V kch thc khun tng i nh nn ta b tr h thng lm ngui gm
nhng l trn xuyn sut t u ny n u kia ca tm.
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 61
__________________________________________________________________________
PipeTap 41"
HNH 7.21
TAM CAI
PipeTap 41"
HNH 7.22
TAM C
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 62
__________________________________________________________________________
Nh vy v c bn ta thit k xong cc h thng v chi tit khun.Ta c bn v lp
nh sau:
18
19
17
23
10
11
12
24
13
14
1
15
3
4
20
21
6
7
9
16
22
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 63
__________________________________________________________________________
CHNG 8
PH LC 1: BNG THNG S NHA NHIT DO

BNG 8.1: THNG S NHA NHIT DO
STT
VT LIU
K HIU
RT
Ny lon 6
PA 6
1 - 1.5
Nylon 6-GR
PA 6 - GR
Nylon 6/6
P
LC
T
BIN
T
P
DNG
KHUN
(kgf/cm)
CNG
T
TRNG
0.5
R100 - 120
R100 - 120 66 80
700 - 1750 60 -80
PA 6.6
1 - 2.
R108 - 120
R102 - 120 66 - 86
700 -1750
60 - 80
Nylon 6/6-GR
PA 6.6- GR
0.5
Low Density Polyethylene
LDPE
1.5 - 3
D41 - 46
0.91 - 0.93
32 - 41
560 -2100
20 - 60
Hight Density Polyethylene HDPE
2 - 3.
D60 - 70
0.94 - 0.97
43 - 49
700 - 1400 10. - 60
Polystyrene
PS
0.5 - 0.7
M65 - 80
M65 - 80
<104
700 - 2100 20 - 60
Styrene - Acryllonitrile
AS
0.4 - 0.6
M80 - 90
1.08 - 1.1
88 - 102
700 - 2310 50 - 70
Polymethyl
(ACRYLIC)
PMMA
0.3 - 0.6
R99 - 120
1.08 - 1.18
74 - 102
700 - 1400 40 - 70
10
Polycarbonate
PC
0.8
R115
1.2
130 - 138
700 - 1400 90 - 110
11
Polyoxymeth (Acatal)
POM
M94 (R120)
1.42
124
700 - 1400 95
M75-90
1.56
157 - 174
700 - 1400 95
D 65 - 85
1.35 - 1.45
54 - 80
700 - 2800 10. - 60
R110 - 115
1 - 1.08
114 - 118
560 - 1750 50 - 60
R100 105
1.02 - 1.04
102 -103
560 - 1750 60 - 80
R85 - 110
0.9 - 0.91
57 - 64
700 - 1400 10. - 60
Methacrylate
CO
POM 30% Glass)

12
Polyvinyl Chloride,rigid
PVC - R
0.5 - 0.7
13
Polyvinyl Chloride,soft
PVC - S
1 - 3.
14
Acrylonitrile - ButadieneStyrene
ABS(chu nhit)
0.4 - 0.6
ABS(chu va cham)
15
Polypropylene
PP
1.2 - 2
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 64
__________________________________________________________________________
PH LC 2 : KT CU MT S KHUN
27
13
22
6-RLR 6-48.1
16-M6X15
16
15
21
20
M10
19
4-GBA 35-44
32
6-M5X10
29
6-M4X20
24-SEAL 2-8
6-CP 2.5-62.05
17
28
4-LKB 16-20
18
6-CP 6.5-20.95
54
23
25
53
24
M16
26
59
30
50
6B5-M16X115
4-GBB 35-34
36
45
44
4-M5X10
47
42
38
48
40
57
4-GP 35-300-80
Z=24,m=2
42
46
20
35
43
56
41
6-ISTW-42
39
55
10
10B6-M8X25
49
37
24-M6X15
6-6007
6-CP 5-283.98
51
14
6-AZ 355212
4-RP4TH 16-296.94
6-6007
52
2-MS 16-64
4-TLKS 32-227-S80-T39
33
34
60
M6
4-GBA 35-59
6-M6X10
4-LKB 16-20
58
31
11
12
NAP CLEASER
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 65
__________________________________________________________________________
NAP BAT 2 TANG
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 66
__________________________________________________________________________
PH LC 3: MT S SN PHM THIT K BNG SOLIDWORKS
Hnh 1: Nn bo him
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 67
__________________________________________________________________________
Hnh 2 : Thit k chai nha
Hnh 3: Chn t lnh
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 68
__________________________________________________________________________
Hnh 4 : Khun Np ng cng
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 69
__________________________________________________________________________
TI LIU THAM KHO
-Cng ngh p phun (Trung tm k thut cht do TPHCM)

-Misumi: Standard Component For Plastic Mold
-Plastic Injection Mould Design and Making (Carlos A. Reyes)
-Thit k khun cho sn phm nha (PTS V Hoi n)
PHN MM H TR
-SolidWorks 2007
-MasterCam 9.1
-AutoCad 2007
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim
n Tt Nghip
Trang 70
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Trn Dim

Ban Thuyet Minh Do An Nap Ong Cung

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B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.HCM

THIT K SN PHM NHA V KHUN

Ging vin hng dn: Ths.Nguyn Tun Hng

TP.H CH MINH,Thng 5 nm 2009

7.5.4 Vng nh v bc keo............................................................................... 51

TI LIU THAM KHO ...................................................................... 70

THIT K SN PHM NHA

San pham thiet

San phan se b cong venh

Hng khac phuc cong

Hnh mo ta goc thoat khuon cho san pham

Hnh mo ta goc thoat khuon cho gan

Vi vic thit k trn phn thnh i din vi l khng c nh hn 0.7w nhm mc

Cau truc ranh e giam

2.5. THIT K BN KNH CONG CHO SN PHM

ng suat tap trung lc

Tao ban knh cong tai goc

gi cho b dy sn phm ng nht th phi thit k bn knh cong hai bn gc.

Ban knh cong trong va ngoai

Can tao ban knh

VT LIU NHA P PHUN

Gi tr K(DIN 52 726 : 0.25g PVC ho tan trong 50 ml

Tnh co rt ca PVC trong p phun ph thuc cu hnh khun v iu kin phun. Gi

Cch khc phc

1.Phi sy vt liu trc

2. Tng p sut ngc.

1.2. cc sc do chy/sc mu bc/sc do kh gy ra

1. p phun dng trc 1.Tng nhit trong

2. im cht trong vng

1. ng sut trt cao 1.Tng nhit chy v

Xut hin trong nhiu h

1.Ti u ho thi gian v

3.Tng kch thc cung

7.Cc vng c bng m khc nhau

1.Bi v c s khc bit

10. Bin dng khi li sn phm :

1.Chc chn rng bin

5.Hin tng sn phm b

1.Tng kich thc cung

1.Nhit chy,nhit 1.Tng nhit chy,

1. iu chnh khun cho

Sn phm b bin dng v 1.Thit k khun khng

Thng dng chy c

16. Hin tng cong vnh

GII THIU PHN MM SOLIDWORKS

Hnh 4.1: Mn hnh lc khi ng solidword 2007

Hnh 4.2: Cnh tay Robot c thit k bng Solidword 2007

CC KIU KHUN NHA C BN

R: Tm git ui keo (Runner Plate)

THIT K SN PHM : NP NG CNG

HNH 6.1: Bn v np ng cng

Th tch phun ln nht ca my (cm3 )

VSP : Th tch sn phm (cm 3 )

VRD : Th tch rnh dn (cm 3 )

7.3.2. Theo tc phun

Vi 0,4ncs < n td < 0,8ncs

nP : s phn phun (ln/ph)

V: Th tch sn phm + rnh dn (cm3 )

P : p sut phun ln nht (MPA)

7.5. THIT K H THNG DN NHA

7.5.2. Thit k h thng rnh dn

7.6. THIT K H THNG NG GIT UI KEO

u tin ta phi m bo khi m khun,tm dng (7) v tm m (6) khng c tch