NICMAR SODE MODULE 18

ASSIGNEMENT NO. ONE NCP 24/25 COARSE TITLE: MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT
NAME :SHIRISH V.KSHIRSAGAR REG.NO. 211-06-14-9564-2121

In the site of a contract of developing and constructing a new International Airport Items to be executed are
Cutting and Dozing Transportation of Surplus earth Bringing sand and spreading and leveling Procurement of Bitumen First to select excavator we need to know the types of excavator and functions. Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom ,stick, bucket and cab on rotating platform (known as a house)The house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels. A cable operated excavators uses winches and steel ropes to accomplish the movements. They are a natural progression from steam shovels and often called power shovels .All movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through the use of hydraulic fluid ,with Hydraulic cylinders and Hydraulic motors. Due to linear actuation of hydraulic cylinders, their mode of operation is fundamentally different from cable operated excavators. Excavators are also called a JCB (which is a proprietary name) or 360-degree excavators sometimes abbreviated simply to 360.Tracked excavators are sometimes called trackhoesby analogy to the backhoe. Hydraulic excavator capabilities have expanded far beyond excavation tasks with buckets .With the advent of hydraulic powered attachment such as breaker ,a grapple or an augur, the excavator is frequently used in many application other than excavation. Many excavator feature a quick coupler for simplified attachment mounting, increasing the machines utilization on the jobsite. Excavators are usually employed together with loaders and bulldozers. Most wheeled .compact and some medium sized (11 to 18 tonne)excavators have a backfill(or dozer) blade. This is a horizontal bulldozer-like blade attached to the undercarriage and is used for leveling and pushing removed material back in to the

place. SHOVELS Excavators where the digging action is an upward motion are called front shovels or just shovels. The front shovel perform excavation by crowding the material away from the machine. They are mainly used for digging above the track level and loading the material into hauling units. Thus they are suitable for use in quarries for loading of blasted or short rocks. A typical modern shovel is depicted in the diagram

A front shovel has the capacity to develop high breaking force. This is required as the material being excavated should be such that it will stand on its own almost at a vertical face. And normally such material are rocky in nature. Usually the front shovel are mounted on track base and have a slow traveling speed. The other basic parts of a shovel consist of the mount, cab, boom, stick and the bucket as shown in the figure below. The size of a shovel is indicated by the weight and bucket size. A front shovel has to be close to the material to be excavated before it begin excavating. When this is achieved, the bucket is lowered to just above the track level with the bucket teethes pointing into the material face. A crowding force is applied by hydraulic pressure to the stick cylinder and at the same time the bucket cylinder rotates the bucket through the face. The bucket will be fully filled if the height of the of the excavated material is right. If the material height is too low a second pass will be required. Then once the bucket is full it just tipped over to load the

material into hauling units. Finally the material left on the pit floor will be excavated after the upper material is excavated. Back Hoes Description and Uses Initialy introduced in the United states as back-hoe.the hydraulic excavator is largely a European development .Line production in the 200 to 240 ton class is currently available from 3 to 4 manufactureres .In the back hoe mode the hydraulic excavator can stand on top of a bench and load a truck spotted on the bench below.Due to the small swing angle cycle time is short resulting in high production.The life of hydraulic excavator is about 8 to 10 years. Excavators where digging action is a downward arch motion are known as backhoes or hoes and Even back shovels.Thus they are used to excavate below the ground surface or below the machine track Level.Back hoes being mounted on crawler tracks can also be mounted on a wheel base. Wheel mounted excavators are not specifically for bulk excavation but designed for mobility and general purpose works. The John Deere excavators and JCB excavators are the most well known examples of the wheeled based types. A typical modern back hoe and it's key components are depicted in the diagram below.

Uses of back hoes

These machines are suitable for excavating trenches, pits for basement and smaller machines can handle general grading work. It is a versatile machine in that it can perform both excavation and lifting works. Example in drainage works or utility works , the back hoe can perform the trench excavation and handle the pipes or culverts. Thus this makes the need for a second lifting machine unnecessary. During excavation the penetration force in to the material being excavated is achieved by the stick cylinder and the bucket cylinder. The buckets can be selected depending on the type of material excavated. For easily excavated material wide buckets are used. When excavating rocky material or blasted rocks, a narrow bucket is used. In utility works, the width of the required trench is the deciding factor in selecting the bucket. Mini Excavator Description and Uses Mini excavators are small, compact machines that range in size from under 2000 kg to 6000kg (4409lb to 13227lb) and with bucket sizes between 0.02m3 to 0.17m3 ( 0.026yd3 to 0.222yd3 ). Like their larger cousins, these excavators also consists of a cab, a boom arm, a bucket and mounted on top of crawler or wheeled base. Usually the machine is equipped with a backfill or bulldozer blade that attaches below the boom. This make it easy to refill and level the material after digging works without having to change attachments. Despite their size, mini excavators are extreme versatile. Machines in this class typically have digging depths from 6 to 8 feet and their relatively powerful hydraulic systems allow these machines to run a host of attachments, including hammers and breakers for light demolition work. Further more with retractable undercarriages, this allow them to contract to widths as small as 40 inches to get through tight areas. Then when the machine is in position, the tracks are expanded out to their working width. These traits, combined with their compactness, high maneuverability and easy transportation characteristics make them suitable for working in restricted surroundings. Thus these machines are used in utility, light demolition, home repair or renovation application. They however can also be used to

complement bigger machines or even work in conjunction with them. As an example, a mini excavator can be paired with a wheeled based front shovel. Such pairing can be applied to jobs like the construction of a residential swimming pool. The mini excavator can dig while the skid-steer loader removes the material and loads it into a dump truck. Buldozers Although not usually employed as a primary excavator the Buldozer has considerable application in surface mining. The crawler mounted machine is more generally accepted and 70 Ton units are at present in operation but because of its mobility the rubber-tired bulldozer is increasingly finding application.For short hauls in severe conditions where scrapper operations would be difficult bulldozing can usually be adopted.

Material Management

1) In modern management, Time plays a great role. Right decision at right time is the need of hour. All the decisions are based upon the past data or information and as such with the change in technology and other developments, it is necessary that the decision be based on the latest information, for which a sound data processing system is called for. The materials manager who wishes to utilize a computer in the operation of his department does not have to understand its electronic intricacies. He should, however, know generally what a computer can do, what it cannot do and how his departmental procedures must be designated so as to be compatible with computer operation. Effective use of a computer offers a manager several significant advantages. Computing ability to process huge volumes of data rapidly. Freeing the personnel from routine clerical work and repetitive tasks.

Enable departmental personnel to do more creative work. Immediate availability of much more complete data for use in decision making.

The materials management activities which can be performed by computerized system are the same in all cases. They are

Posting of inventory records. Computation of economic order quantities. Preparation of purchase requisitions. Preparation of purchase orders. Distribution of accounting charges. Automatic preparation of follow-up memos. Posting of delivery and quality records, by part and by vendor. Preparation of numerous operating reports for management. Auditing of invoices and preparation of cheque for payment of invoice.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM : The system using computers can generate various types of information / reports depending on the requirements. Following list gives a list of few reports used in materials department. The list is only illustrative and not exhaustive.

Long-term production schedule. Short-term schedule. Materials manual.

Requirement of non-stock items from user departments. Information regarding lead time, supply position (shortages), price trends, anticipated price changes, etc.

Production Schedule handed over to production department. Materials requisition from the production to stores. Materials supplied from stores to production. To and fro information between stores and inspection. Information regarding receipts from the stores. Date regarding issues from stores. Due dates of supply from purchase department. Information to purchase department for follow up of supplies. Purchase requisition to purchase department. Purchase order. Materials from suppliers to stores. Previous years consumption data.

OPERATIONAL AND EXCEPTIONAL REPORTS : The following operational / exceptional can be obtained from the computer. Here again the list is not exhaustive.

Bill of materials Price forecasts Purchase budge

ABC Analysis Inventory levels Items below safety stock levels Movement analysis Materials accounting and summary of issues Stock verification Vendor rating Sector-wise and material category-wise purchase list Outstanding payments

It is possible to get the following exceptional reports for managerial purpose.

Items for which consumption is morel than the norms Items for which there is a supply shortage and anticipated price increase Items with stock level above maximum norms Obsolete items

Computerization can be of great help to meet the following objectives of materials management.

Accurate and speedy remittance of information to customers and suppliers, bills, statements, reminders, etc.

Information for management for control purposes e.g. stock levels, inventory position, customers acceptance etc., etc.,

Improvement of customer relations, vendor and employee relations, by timely accurate and relevant information and thro vendor analysis etc.

Reduction of inventories to free the working capital. To increase profits at the same time giving better service by optimum scheduling, forecasting and optimizing utilization of traffic facilities, warehouses, machines, etc.

To increase the productivity of materials and facilities.

2)Lead time is the period between a customer's order and delivery of the final product. A small order of a pre-existing item may only have a few hours lead time, but a larger order of custommade parts may have a lead time of weeks, months or even longer. It all depends on a number of factors, from the time it takes to create the machinery to the speed of the delivery system. Lead time may change according to seasons or holidays or overall demand for the product.

Manufacturers are always looking for ways to improve the lead time on their products. Lead time can mean the difference between making the sale and watching a competitor sign the contract. If a company can deliver the product weeks ahead of the competition, it stands a better chance of receiving future orders. Because of this, management and labor teams routinely hold meetings to discuss lead time improvements.

For a real world example of lead time in action, let's order a pizza. When you as the hungry customer decide on a preferred local pizza restaurant, you may have already considered such factors as speed and consistency. The selected restaurant must first receive your custom order, based on their pre-stocked ingredients. Once you've placed your order, the restaurant may tell you to expect the finished pizza in 45 minutes to an hour. This would be considered lead time. The restaurant bases this time on several factors: the time it takes to prepare the pizza, the cooking time, the availability of delivery drivers and the distance to your home.

As the potential customer, you could still change your mind and place an order with a different restaurant known for its speedy delivery times. The same style of pizza may arrive in 30 minutes. It's an identical product, but the lead time is different. This other restaurant may use prepackaged pizzas or hire more delivery drivers. There may be some limitations on delivery areas, however, or the pizza may not be cooked well. Sometimes a shorter lead time is no guarantee of overall quality. Lead times may also change according to the day of the week -demand may be higher on weekend nights, for example, creating a longer lead time.

This is the challenge many companies face when attempting to improve lead time on a product line. Some processes simply take more time to create a high quality product. A custom order may require months of preparation before the factory is capable of mass production. It can be challenging to offer a competitive lead time to the customer while still maintaining quality control over production. Companies must remain realistic with their lead time estimates, but constantly strive to improve their manufacturing process and reduce lead times.

3)Inventory control is concerned with minimizing the total cost of inventory. In the U.K. the term often used is stock control. The three main factors in inventory control decision making process are:

The cost of holding the stock (e.g., based on the interest rate). The cost of placing an order (e.g., for row material stocks) or the set-up cost of production. The cost of shortage, i.e., what is lost if the stock is insufficient to meet all demand.

The third element is the most difficult to measure and is often handled by establishing a "service level" policy, e. g, certain percentage of demand will be met from stock without delay. The ABC classification

system is to grouping items according to annual sales volume, in an attempt to identify the small number of items that will account for most of the sales volume and that are the most important ones to control for effective inventory

ABC analysis categories-

There are no fixed threshold for each class, different proportion can be applied based on objective and criteria. ABC Analysis is similar to the Pareto principle in that the 'A' items will typically account for a large proportion of the overall value but a small percentage of number of items. Example of ABC class are:

A items 20% of the items accounts for 70% of the annual consumption value of the items. B items - 30% of the items accounts for 25% of the annual consumption value of the items. C items - 50% of the items accounts for 5% of the annual consumption value of the items.

Another recommended breakdown of ABC classes-:

1. "A" approximately 10% of items or 66.6% of value 2. "B" approximately 20% of items or 23.3% of value 3. "C" approximately 70% of items or 10.1% of value

ABC Analysis in ERP package

Major ERP packages (SAP, Oracle, etc.) have built in function of ABC analysis. User can execute ABC analysis based on user defined criteria and system apply ABC code to items (parts). See detail at external link.

Example of the Application of Weighed Operation based on ABC class

Actual distribution of ABC class in the electronics manufacturing company with 4051 active parts.

Distribution of ABC class-

ABC Class A B C TOTAL

No. of Items 5% 10 % 85 % 100 %

Total Amount Required 15 % 15 % 10 %

100

Using this distribution of ABC class and change total number of the parts to 4000.

Uniform Purchase:- When you apply equal purchasing policy to all 4000 components, example weekly delivery and re-order point (safety stock) of 2 week supply assuming that there are no lot size constraints, the factory will have 16000 delivery in 4 weeks and average inventory will be 2.5 week supply.

Application of Weighed Purchasing conditionUniform Condition Items Weighed Condition Items

Conditions

A-class items 200 Re-order point=2 week supply Delivery frequency=weekly

All Items 4000

B-class items 400

C-class items 3400

Conditions Re-order point=1 week supply Delivery frequency=weekly Re-order point=2 week supply Delivery frequency=biweekly Re-order point=3 week supply Delivery frequency=every 4 weeks

Weighed Purchase In comparison, when weighed purchasing policy applied based on ABC class, example C class monthly (every 4 week) delivery with re-order point of 3 week supply, B class Bi-weekly delivery with re-order point of 2 weeks supply, A class weekly delivery with re-order point of 1 week supply, total number of delivery in 4 weeks will be (A 200 x 4=800) + (B 400 x 2=800) + (C 3400 x 1=3400)=5000 and average inventory will be (A 75% x 1.5weeks) + (B 15% x 3weeks) + (C 10% x 3.5weeks)=1.925 week supply.

Comparison of "Equal" and "Weighed" Purchase (4 weeks span)ABC class No of items % of total value Equal purchase No of average delivery supply in 4 level weeks 800 2.5 WEEKS Weighed purchase No of average delivery supply in 4 level weeks 800 1.5 WEEKS

Note

200

75%

400

15%

1600

2.5 WEEKS

800

3 WEEKS

3400

10%

13600

2.5 WEEKS

3400

3.5 WEEKS

TOTA L

4000

100%

16000

2.5 WEEKS

5000

1.925 WEEKS

Same delivery frequency, safety stock reduced from 2.5 to 1.5 weeks, require tighter control with more manhours. Increased safety stock level by 20%, delivery frequency reduced to half. Less manhour required. Increased safety stock from 2.5 to 3.5 week supply, delivery frequency is one quarter. Drastically reduced manhour requirement. Average inventory value reduced by 23%, delivery frequency reduced by 69%. Overall reduction of manhour requirement

A class item can be applied much tighter control like JIT daily delivery. If daily delivery with one day stock is applied, delivery frequency will be 4000 and average inventory level of A class item will be 1.5 days supply and total inventory level will be 1.025 week supply. reduction of inventory by 59%. Total delivery frequency also reduced to half from 16000 to 8200.

Result-By applying weighed control based on ABC classification, required man-hours and inventory level are drastically reduced.

6)The new age mantras of any business today are the customer knows best and the

customer is always right. Businesses have grown and fallen because of the all important customer. While the customer is king, and businesses are geared towards serving their customers in every way possible, without a good supplier or supplier chain to sustain the business, the customer base will fast disappear. Hence the key to running and managing a business successfully means that you have a strong customer base and a stronger supplier base. So how do you decide if a supplier is good and trustworthy? Before answering that, let us begin with first understanding what defines a good supplier.

A good supplier is one who can meet all customer expectations, with respect to delivery time, quality of goods and dependability.

Therefore it is logical to infer then that a good supplier is one who meets theses qualities. However while the laws of commerce have remained relatively simple, the demands and expectations of the customer keeps evolving. And hence the role of the supplier has changed as well. Keeping in mind the expectations of the customer, the following list contains seven key characteristics of a good supplier:

Timely delivery: A good supplier is someone who keeps up to timely delivery of goods and supplies. Delayed supplies leads to business losses to the immediate customer and in turn delayed delivery to the end customer. This also opens up avenues for other secondary systems like buffer inventories to keep the chain going in addition to increasing overall costs.

Constant frequency of delivery (daily basis): If a supplier can keep to supplying goods at constant and smaller frequencies, then the cost advantage is supplemented. Meaning, if a product or part is found to be defective, then the time spent in replacing it is minimal as opposed to having to replace a whole carton or shipment of that item since the delivery is frequent and the supply chain is actively functioning. This is not only cost effective but is also a time and space saver.

Reasonable price: Business owners and suppliers add the cost of purchasing materials for a product into its retail price making it costlier. A reduction in this cost will lead to a reduction in the cost of the product as well.

Minimal paper work: From the placing of an order to the actual buying of an order involves a ton of paper work. A good supplier will find ways of reducing the amount of paper work involved.

Quick response/ turn around time: The world of business is highly unstable, and often the gap between demand and supply can be hard to predict. A good supplier will always be prepared to meet such a contingency. Again a frequent and smaller quantity of supplies is the key to eliminating this gap.

Inspection of goods: Inspection of goods is a time consuming activity for both the supplier and the buyer. However quality assurance of the goods can again reduce the time spent on inspecting the goods.

Taking care of wear and tear and transport damage: Transportation and delivery often involves a lot of wear and tear and a good supplier is someone who recognizes these limitations and takes proactive steps to help reduce or avoid the damage involved. The importance of a good supplier cannot be undermined and it can be said then that a business is as good as its suppliers.

EXECUTION As per the requirement here it is recommended to use Hydraulic crawler mounted excavator i.e Poclain and JCB (Hydraulic tractor mounted excavator) 1.Cutting and dozing For cutting and dozing following equipments are to be used The production of an excavation is a function of the digging cycle which can be divided in to the following segments 1. Time required to load the bucket 2. Time required to swing the bucket 3. Time to dump the bucket 4. Time to swing with an empty bucket

For excavation there will be three options

1. Bulldozer 2. Hydraulic excavator with crawler mounted 3. Hydraulic excavator with Tyre mounted

As Cutting and dozing of earth is to be done for 0.75 m so it is advisable to take hydraulic excavator with crawler mounting and for leveling Tractor mounted crawler is to be used.

For excavation of 100000 Cum Hydralic excavator Volvo BL70 OR EC 160 Cof 0.7Cum capacity bucket will be required

Output of excavator 1. Excavation time 2. Time required to load the bucket 3. Time required to swing the bucket 4. Time to dump the bucket 5. Time to swing with an empty bucket 10 Sec 20 sec 10 sec 10 sec 10 sec

--------------------------------------------------------------------Total time required In 60 Sec In One Hour Excavator working will be done up to 12 hours In 12 Hours with One excavator 60 Cum x 12 Hours = 720 Cum 60 Sec 0.7 Cum excavation will be done

No. of Excavator required to complete the work in 30 days Considering 5 days breakdown period Say 4 Nos. No. of excavator required :4Nos.

Dumpers (Trucks)Required: Capacity of One dumper Travel time required for dumper Unloading time Total time required for one dumper Per hour output of one dumper In 12 Hours dumper can transport material ` No.of Dumpers required for one hydraulic excavator : 5 cum : 5 minutes one way : 2 Minutes : 12 Minutes : 25 Cum : 300 Cum :2.4 Nos.

Considering breakdown period total dumpers required : 3 Nos. 1.Per Cum rate of Excavation Even though the excavator is owned by company who is doing the work but for rate calculation purpose market rent is to be considered Rent of excavator For Dumper So per day expences A)Crawler mounted excavator for 12 hours (Hydraulic ) B)Dumpers(Trucks) per day charges For three dumpers : Rs. 1500 x 12 hours :Rs. 18000.00 : Rs.6000.00 :3 x 6000.00 :Rs.18000.00 Total A + B + C Per Cum rate Overheads 5% 2.50 :Rs.36000.00 : Rs. 1500 per hour : Rs. 6000 Per day

Profit Total (1)

20% Rs.

10.50 63 Per Cum

2.Earth leveling work 80000 Cum with consolidation and compaction For leveling work Tractor mounted hydraulic excavator two nos.will be required JCB (Tractor mounted hydraulic excavator) will work for 12 hours JCB (Tractor mounted hydraulic excavator) charges Per hour charges For 12 hours For one JCB per day rent will be (Tractor mounted hydraulic excavator) For two Tractor mounted hydraulic excavator So per Cum Cost :16800/: : Rs. 700/: 12 x 700/: 8400/-

Overheads 5% Profit 20% Total Cost of Filling(2)

:1.11 :4.44 :27.77

3.Transportation of Surplus earth For shifting surplus earth of 20000 Cum two dumpers will be required Time required for dumper for one trip Of 3 km Loading and unloading : 5 Minutes : 25 Minutes

So 20 minutes will be required for dumper to dispose off 5 cum soil

In one hour 15 cum soil will be disposed off In 12 hours dumper can dispose off 180 cum soil No.of dumpers required to complete the job in 15 days : For leveling of disposed material one JCB will be required to work for 15 days A)So total no.of dumpers required will be 8 nos. Per day rent of one dumper Total working days : 6000 Rs. : 8 Dumpers x 15 days : 120 Nos. Total rent : 120 x 6000/: 7,20,000/B)Per hour rent of JCB For 12 hours For 15 days Total rent of JCB for 15 days Per Cum rate A+B Rs. Per Cum cost Add overheads 5% Profit 20% Rate per Cum(3) 4.Bringing sand and spreading and leveling For loading of sand one JCB will be required Transporation will be done with the help of dumper Rs. 2.115 8.88 Rs.53.29 : Rs. 700 per hour : 8400/: 15 days x 8400/:126000.00 :720000+126000 :846000.00

Loading time for dumper with JCB Within one hour total sand loading will be done JCB will work for 8 hours in 8 hours Sand loading can be done Dumper travel time for 20 km

90 sec. : 40 Cum :320 cum

:60 minutes

To utilize JCB 100% Total no.of dumpers to be required : 8 Nos For spreading one JCB will be required for four days and 20 labours will be required for week period for even spreading . Cost A)JCB loads sand of 320 cum in one day For 3000 Cum sand total no.of days of JCB required will be 3000/320 =9.375 say 10 days JCB rent 700 Rs per hour For 8 hours 700 x8 hours i.e for one day For 10 days B)For dumpers per day rent will be 6000 Rs. Per day Total 8 Dumpers will be required for 10 days So total hire charges amount : 10 days x 6000/: 60000/C) For leveling one JCB is required for four days working time for JCB per day will be 8 hours Per hour charges 700 Rs. Total working hours will be 4 Days x 8 hours Total hire charges :32 hours :32 hours x 700 :Rs. 22400/D) Labours required for sand spreading :20 Nos. for week period : Rs. 5600 /:Rs. 5600 x10 days. =Rs.56000/-

Total no. of labours for week period will be 7 x 20 No.s : 140 Nos. Wages of labour per day So total amount will be Total amount E)Royalti Charges of sand So per cum will be :Rs. 250 per day :250 x140 Nos. :Rs. 35000.00 :1000 Rs. Per Brass : 1000/2.83 :Rs.353.35 :Say Rs. 354/-

For 3000 cum royalty charges will be Rs. 10,62,000/Total cost of bringing sand and spreading and leveling is A+B+C+D+E Per Cum cost will be Overhead 5% Profit 20% :Rs. =1235400/:Rs. 411.80 :Rs :Rs. 20.59 86.47

Total cost per cum (4) 5.Procurement of 150000 Ltrs of Bitumen Lead time upto site is 45 days Storage facility at site is 50000 Ltrs. Considering Start date from 1

:Rs. 518.86

Bitumen will be transported in Bozar (Bitumen tanker) of capacity 10000 Liters order of bitumen will be placed at the start of work i.e on 5th day alongwith advance Bitumen tranporation will be started on 10 th day with the help of five Bozars of 10000 Liters capacity

So after 45 days of transportation start day i.e.55 th day Bitumen of 50000 Ltr will be delivered at site.With the help of this bitumen work will be started from 60 th day. Bitumen will be consumed at the rate of 5000 Litres per day.With this our 50000 Litres Bitumen will be consumed in 10 days i.e on 70 th day . Next lot of Bitumen will be required on 68 th day. So Bitumen transportation will be started on 23 rd day On 23 rd day On 24 rd day On 25 rd day On 26 rd day On 27 th day These will reach at site on On 68 th day On 69 th day On 70 th day On 71st day On 72nd day 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters

This Bitumen will again get consumed from 71st day to 80 th day Third lot of Bitumen will be needed to reach at site by 78th day for this transportation is to be started on 33 th day On 33rd day On 34th day On 35 th day On 36st day On 37nd day 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters

After 45 days lead time this Bitumen will reach at site.It is as per below On 78th day On 79th day On 80th day On 81st day On 82nd day Cost of Bitumen Bitumen will be of 70 grade Per Litre cost 55 Rs. Per Litre Cost of Bitumen TOTAL ESTIMATE BASED ON THE ABOVE SR 01 PARTICULARS Cutting and Dozing Earth QUANTITY UNIT RATE AMOUNT IN Rs. 63.00 6300000 150000 x 55/- = 82,50,000/10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters 10000 Liters

100000 Cum

02

Filling of Earth in landing strip

80000 Cum

27.77

2221600

03

04

Transportation of surplus earth from site to dumping place (3 Km. lead) including spreading. Purchase and transportation of Sand Purchase of Bitumen

20000 Cum

53.29

1065800

3000 Cum

518.86

1556580

05

150000 Liter

55.00

8250000

TOTAL AMOUNT

19393980

Bibliography. Types of Excavators and its functions Material management ABC analysis Cutting and dozing with the help of excavators Transportation with the help of Truck Sand purchasing Procurement of Bitumen.

Books Read Product catalogue and literature of Volvo manufacturer Construction planning and equipment and methods by Peurifoy. NICMAR Construction equipment planning. NICMAR Material planning