CHNG 4: MT S VN PHP L V HP NG MUA BN HNG HA QUC T

PREPARED BY TRN THANH TM

TI LIU THAM KHO

GS., TS Nguyn Th M (2009), Gio trnh Php lut trong hot ng KTN, NXB. Thng tin & truyn thng; 2. Lut thng mi Vit Nam nm 2005 3. B lut dn s Vit Nam nm 2005 4. Ngh nh 12/2006/N-CP ngy 25/01/2006 quy nh chi tit thi hnh Lut Thng mi v hot ng mua bn hng ha quc t v cc hot ng i l, mua, bn, gia cng v qu cnh hng ha vi nc ngoi 5. Cng c Vin nm 1980 ca Lin Hp Quc v hp ng mua bn hng ha quc t. 6. Incoterms 2010, Incoterms 2000, UCP 600 v hng dn s dng 7. Unidroit principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) 2010 8. VCCI, DANIDA (2007), Cm nang hp ng thng mi 9. VCCI, VIAC (2010), Cc Phn quyt Trng ti Quc t chn lc 10. VCCI, DANIDA (2007), Cc Quyt nh Trng ti Quc t chn lc 1.

KHI NIM

LUT IU CHNH

XUNG T PHP LUT

K KT

CHP HNH

I. KHI QUT CHUNG V HMBHHQT 1. TN GI

Hp ng mua bn hng ha quc t Hp ng mua bn quc t hng ha Hp ng mua bn ngoi thng Hp ng xut/ nhp khu Hp ng ngoi Hp ng mua bn hng ha vi thng nhn nc ngoi

LUT THNG MI 1997

iu 80. Hp ng mua bn hng ho vi thng nhn nc ngoi Hp ng mua bn hng ho vi thng nhn nc ngoi l hp ng mua bn hng ho c k kt gia mt bn l thng nhn Vit Nam vi mt bn l thng nhn nc ngoi.

HMBHHQT
= HMB +

Yu t

quc t

2. C IM
2.1. C IM CA MT HMBHH THNG THNG 2.2. C YU T QUC T

2.1. HP NG MUA BN HH THNG THNG

Hp ng song v (iu 406.1, BLDS 2005) C bi hon Hp ng c hn

HP NG C HN THC T
ng Nguyn Vn A vit (bng tay) mt t giy vi ni dung nh sau: Ti ng cho anh Trn Vn B vay 2000 USD trong vng 1 nm k t hm nay, ngy 1/2/2007. Ngy 2/2/2008, A i B tr 2000 USD, B khng tr. Tranh chp pht sinh. A mun kin B i li s tin trn. Cu hi 1. T giy trn c phi l hp ng khng ? Ti sao ? 2. Nu l hp ng th y l hp ng g ? 3. Hp ng ny chu s iu chnh ca php lut no ? 4. A c kin c B i li 2000 USD? V sao? 5. Ngoi vic i B 2000 USD A cn c quyn g na khng?

2.2.YU T QUC T
Ch th k kt hp ng i tng ca hp ng ng tin tnh gi v/ hoc ng tin thanh ton Lut iu chnh hp ng v c quan gii quyt tranh chp

3. HMBHHQT THEO LTM 2005

MBHHQT l quan h mua bn hng ha c thc hin di cc hnh thc xut khu, nhp khu, tm nhp ti xut, tm xut ti nhp v chuyn khu (iu 27) Tnh quc

t th hin nh th no???

II. Ngun lut iu chnh

II. Ngun lut iu chnh

1. 2. 3. 4. Cc iu c thng mi quc t Lut quc gia Tp qun thng mi quc t Cc ngun lut khc (n l, hp ng mu)

1. IU C QUC T
1.1. nh ngha 1.2. iu kin QT tr thnh ngun lut iu chnh HBMHHQT 1.3. Phn loi 1.4. Trng hp p dng 1.5. Cch thc p dng

1.1. NH NGHA
L nhng vn kin php l quc t do cc ch th ca lut quc t tham gia k kt nhm iu chnh cc quan h thng mi pht sinh gia cc ch th

1.2. IU KIN QT TR THNH NGUN LUT IU CHNH HMBHHQT

- Phi c k kt trn c s bnh ng v t nguyn gia cc bn - Khng c tri vi nguyn tc c bn ca lut quc t - Phi c ni dung trc tip lin quan n quan h thng mi pht sinh gia cc ch th k kt hp ng

1.3. PHN LOI

- Theo tn gi: Hip c, hip nh, ngh nh th, cng c. - Theo ni dung: 2 loi + QT ra nhng nguyn tc php l chung l c s cho hot ng ngoi thng + QT trc tip iu chnh cc vn lin quan n quyn, ngha v, trch nhim cc bn trong vic k kt v thc hin HMBHHQT

1.4. TRNG HP P DNG

- Khi cc quc gia c tham gia k kt hoc tha nhn QT. Trong trng hp ny, QT c gi tr bt buc i vi cc HMBHHQT c lin quan - Khi trong HMBHHQT cc bn tha thun, thng nht v ghi r vo H l p dng QT lm ngun lut iu chnh

1.5. CCH THC P DNG

- Tm hiu tnh cht php l ca cc QPPL trong QT - Trng hp QT c p dng cho H c quy nh khc vi php lut Vit Nam: + Nu VN tham gia k kt hoc ph chun QT + Nu VN khng tham gia k kt hoc cha ph chun

2. LUT QUC GIA

2.1. Trng hp p dng 2.2. Cch thc p dng

2.1. TRNG HP P DNG

- Khi trong hp ng cc bn c quy nh - Cc bn tha thun la chn lut p dng sau khi H c k kt - QT c lin quan quy nh - Tha thun mc nhin hay tha thun bng hnh vi - Ta n hoc trng ti c thm quyn gii quyt cc tranh chp pht sinh t H c quyn la chn

2.1. TRNG HP P DNG

Nu cc bn khng tha thun lut p dng trong hp ng th p dng lut quc gia ni ngi bn ng tr s chnh vo lc nhn n t hng ( iu 3 Cng c La Haye 1964 v lut p dng cho MBQT cc ng sn hu hnh)

2.1. TRNG HP P DNG

i vi tranh chp c yu t nc ngoi, Hi ng trng ti p dng php lut do cc bn la chn; nu cc bn khng c tha thun v lut p dng th Hi ng trng ti quyt nh p dng php lut m Hi ng trng ti cho l ph hp nht. (Khon 2, iu 14 Lut trng ti thng mi 2010)

2.2. CCH THC P DNG

- Nu h thng lut ca nc c chn c cc lut chuyn ngnh iu chnh HMBHHQT th p dng lut - Nu h thng lut ca nc c chn khng c lut chuyn ngnh th p dng lut lin quan trc tip n HMBHHQT - Nu h thng lut ca nc c chn khng c 2 trng hp nu trn th p dng cc nguyn l chung v hp ng trong BLDS

3. TP QUN THNG MI QUC T

3.1. nh ngha 3.2. Phn loi 3.3. Trng hp p dng 3.4. Mt s lu khi p dng

3.1. NH NGHA
L nhng thi quen v hnh vi v cch x s c hnh thnh mt cch t nhin trong TMQT nhng c tha nhn nh cc QPPL

3.1. NH NGHA
Thi quen TM c cng nhn v tr thnh TQTMQT khi tha mn 3 yu cu sau: - L thi quen ph bin, c nhiu nc p dng v p dng thng xuyn - V tng vn , tng a phng, l thi quen duy nht - C ni dung r rng m c th da vo xc nh quyn v ngha v i vi nhau

3.2. PHN LOI

- TQTMQT c tnh cht nguyn tc - TQTMQT chung - TQTM khu vc

3.3. CC TRNG HP P DNG

- Khi H c quy nh - Khi cc ngun lut khc dn chiu n (UQT, Lut p dng cho H) - H, Lut p dng cho H, UQT c lin quan khng iu chnh hoc iu chnh khng y vn tranh chp

3.4. MT S LU KHI P DNG

1. Hp ng s 170211 VCT-FETA, ngy 17/1/2011 gia VIET COTTON YARN INVESTMENT TRADING JSC & FETA TEKSTIL SAN.TIC.LTD.STI: ALL OTHER CONDITIONS, WHICH NOT STATED IN THIS CONTRACT, WILL REFER TO INCOTERMS 2000 2. Hp ng s BVQA400 gia FORMOSA INDUSTRIES CORPORATION & NANYA PLASTICS CORPORATION: The INCOTERMS 2000 will be used for this contract

3.4. MT S LU KHI P DNG

- Ch gi tr php l ca cc tp qun - Khi p dng cc TQTMQT phi kt hp vi cc ngun lut khc, khng nn p dng tp qun mt cch ring r

3.4. MT S LU KHI P DNG

- i vi Incoterms: + Incoterms khng c gi tr bt buc + Cc bn Incoterms cng song song tn ti v bn sau khng ph nhn ni dung ca cc bn trc + Cc bn hon ton c th tha thun vi nhau thay i 1 s ni dung c th trong cc iu kin + Incoterms ch gii quyt 4 vn chnh.

LU V IU KHON LUT P DNG

- Dn chiu chnh xc lut p dng - Xem xt: Lut p dng c li cho mnh hay khng? Bo v quyn li ca ngi bn/ ngi mua C tri vi lut php VN hay khng - Kinh doanh vi i tc Hoa k: Cn quy nh r lut p dng l lut ca bang no

III.XUNG T PHP LUT TRONG HMBHHQT

1. NH NGHA 2. NGUYN NHN XUNG T PHP LUT

3. BIU HIN
4. CCH GII QUYT

5. MT S QUY PHM LUT XUNG T PH BIN

1. NH NGHA
XPL l hin tng m trong hai hay nhiu h thng php lut khc nhau cng c th c p dng iu chnh mt mi quan h nht nh pht sinh t HMB v cc h thng php lut c cch hiu khc nhau, cch quan nim khc nhau khi iu chnh mi quan h php l .

2. NGUYN NHN
Ch chnh tr x hi, bn cht Nh nc v bn cht giai cp Trnh pht trin ca cc nc iu kin lch s, x hi, tp qun, li sng, dn tc, iu kin t nhin

3. BIU HIN XUNG T

3.1. a v php l ca cc ch th (c nhn, php nhn) 3.2. Hnh thc hp ng 3.3. Ni dung ca hp ng 3.4. Thm quyn xt x

3.1.A V PHP L CA CC CH TH 3.1.1. NLHVDS C NHN

3.1.2. QUC TCH PHP NHN

Anh, M: Ni ng k iu l ca php nhn khi thnh lp

Php, c, : Ni t tr s thng mi ca php nhn

3.2. HNH THC CA HP NG

Vn bn: Vit Nam ( 27.2, LTM 2005), Trung Quc, Argentina, Chile, Belarus, Hungary, Ucraina Hoa K: (2.201, UCC): Hp ng c tr gi t 500 USD k bng vn bn CISG 1980: iu 11, iu 96

3.3. NI DUNG CA HP NG
H phi c nhng iu khon ch yu: - Php, : i tng ca hp ng + Gi c - Anh, Hoa K: i tng ca hp ng (Anh: tn hng, s lng, phm cht), Hoa K : tn & a ch cc bn, tn hng, s lng) - Cc nc XHCN: + thi gian, a im giao hng

3.4. THM QUYN XT X

- VN: B n l ngi VN hoc s vic tranh chp xy ra trn lnh th VN - Php: B n hay nguyn n l cng dn Php - Hoa K: i tng, ti sn tranh chp nm trn lnh th Hoa K

4. GII QUYT XUNG T

2 CCH

1
2
THNG NHT LUT THC CHT

DNG QUY PHM LUT XUNG T

CCH 1: THNG NHT LUT

CISG NH?

OKIE

CISG 1980

CCH 2: DNG QUY PHM LUT XUNG T

Xung t v a v php l ca cc ch th Quy tc lut quc tch (VN- 762.1, BLDS; Italia, c, BN, TBN) Quy tc lut ni c tr (Anh, Hoa K,) Quy tc lut quc tch hu hiu

CCH 2: DNG QUY PHM LUT XUNG T

Xung t v hnh thc ca hp ng: p dng lut ca ni giao kt hp ng (iu 770 BLDS 2005) (?) Trng hp k kt qua th t, in tn? + Thuyt tng pht (Anh, Hoa K, Nht Bn..) + Thuyt tip thu ( Php, B, , Thi Lan, Vit Nam..)

CCH 2: DNG QUY PHM LUT XUNG T

Xung t v ni dung ca hp ng: + p dng lut nc ngi bn (Cng c Lahaye v mua bn quc t nhng ng sn hu hnh) + p dng lut ni thc hin hp ng (769.1, BLDS 2005)

IU 769 HP NG DN S
1. Quyn v ngha v ca cc bn theo hp ng c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni thc hin hp ng, nu khng c tho thun khc. Hp ng c giao kt ti Vit Nam v thc hin hon ton ti Vit Nam th phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. Trong trng hp hp ng khng ghi ni thc hin th vic xc nh ni thc hin hp ng phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. 2. Hp ng lin quan n bt ng sn Vit Nam phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam.

CCH 2: DNG QUY PHM LUT XUNG T

Xung t v thm quyn xt x: + Ta n ni ng s c quc tch + Ta n ni b n c tr + Ta n ni xy ra tranh chp + Ta n ni c ti sn ang b tranh chp

4. K KT HP NG MBHHQT

1 2 3

iu kin hiu lc ca H Trnh t k kt

Nhng iu khon c bn

4.1. IU KIN HIU LC CA H

4.1.1. Ch th k kt H phi hp php 4.1.2. Hnh thc ca H phi hp php 4.1.3. Ni dung ca H phi hp php 4.1.4. i tng ca H phi hp php

4.1.1. CH TH K KT H
- Thm quyn k kt: Da vo php lut ca nc m ch th mang quc tch - VN: Ngh nh 12/2006/N-CP (iu 13) - Thm quyn k kt i vi php nhn:
+ i din theo php lut + i din theo y quyn

4.1.2. HNH THC CA HP NG

Vn bn: Vit Nam ( 27.2, LTM), Trung Quc, Argentina, Chile, Belarus, Hungary, Ucraina Hoa K: (2.201, UCC): Hp ng c tr gi t 5000 USD k bng vn bn CISG 1980: iu 11 & iu 96

4.1.3. NI DUNG CA HP NG
A. H phi c nhng iu khon ch yu B. Ni dung ca H phi hp php

A. IU KHON CH YU
- Php, : i tng ca hp ng + Gi c - Anh, Hoa K: i tng ca hp ng (Anh: tn hng, s lng, phm cht), Hoa K : tn & a ch cc bn, tn hng, s lng) - Vit Nam: BLDS 2005 (iu 402) - CUV 1980: iu 19, Khon 3

B. NI DUNG HP PHP
BLDS 2005: Ni dung ca hp ng khng c vi phm nhng iu cm ca php lut, khng c tri vi o c x hi.

4.1.4. I TNG CA H
Hng ha khng thuc danh mc hng cm XNK, tm ngng XNK. i vi hng ha xut nhp khu c iu kin, cn c giy php ca c quan qun l chuyn ngnh.

4.2. TRNH T K KT H
4.2.1. Phng thc k kt trc tip 4.2.2. Phng thc k kt gin tip

TRNH T K KT H
ngh giao kt hp ng (Cho hng)

+
Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng (Chp nhn cho hng)

HP NG MUA BN HNG HA QUC T

2.2.1. CHO HNG (OFFER)

C S PHP L: + CISG 1980: .14 . 24 + BLDS 2005: .390 . 400

4.2.1. CHO HNG IU KIN HIU LC: 3 K

K1: C cc iu khon ch yu ca H + VN (390.1; 402) + Anh, Hoa K + CISG 1980 (.14; .19)

IU 390, KHON 1
ngh giao kt hp ng l vic th hin r nh giao kt hp ng v chu s rng buc v ngh ny ca bn ngh i vi bn c xc nh c th.

IU 14 CISG 1980
1. Mt ngh giao kt hp ng gi cho mt hay nhiu ngi xc nh hnh thnh mt cho hng nu n chnh xc v ch r ch ca ngi cho hng mun t rng buc mnh trong trng hp cho hng c chp nhn. Mt ngh l chnh xc khi n nu r hng ha v n nh s lng v gi c mt cch trc tip hoc gin tip hoc quy nh cch xc nh s lng v gi c.

2. Mt ngh khng gi cho nhng ngi xc nh ch c coi l mt li mi a ra cho hng, tr trng hp ngi ngh ch r rng iu ngc li.

Ngy 6/4/1996, b n Great Minneapolis ng qung co trn bo ca thnh ph Minneapolis: 9h sng th by, nhng chic o lng mi hiu Sharp gi 100 USD, s bn cho ngi c mt u tin vi gi 1 USD. Ngy 13/4/1996, b n tip tc ng qung co vi ni dung: khn chong lng th mu en dnh cho ph n gi 139.50 USD, s bn cho ngi c mt u tin vi gi 1 USD. Vo mt trong nhng ngy th by theo nh cng b trn qung co, nguyn n Lefkowitz l ngi u tin c mt ti ca hiu ca b n v trong mi thi im, nguyn n yu cu b n bn o chong v khn nh qung co. Trong c hai thi im, b n t chi bn hng trng by cho nguyn n v tuyn b trong thi im th nht rng, do mt quy tc ca hng, qung co c a ra v ch bn cho ph n. Do , nguyn n kin b n ra ta v cho rng, b n khng thc hin ng cam kt nu trong qung co.

LU
Qung co hng ha By hng cng khai (d c nim yt gi ca hng, ch) Thng bo cng khai ca DN vn chuyn v tuyn ng, vn chuyn hnh khch Phn pht Catalogue gii thiu sn phm KHNG L NGH GIAO KT HP NG

THI HN HIU LC CA CHO HNG

K2: Cho hng n tay ngi c cho trong thi hn hiu lc ca cho hng

THI HN HIU LC CA CHO HNG

- Khi nim:

L khong thi gian ngi c cho hng chp nhn cho hng
- Mt s lu : + Cho hng c hiu lc t ngy 27/7/2011 n ngy 31/7/2011 + Cho hng ht hiu lc sau 30 ngy k t ngy k pht + Cho hng c hiu lc trong vng 30 ngy + Khng quy nh thi hn hiu lc

THI HN HIU LC CA CHO HNG

Cho hng c hiu lc trong vng 30 ngy + CUV 1980: .20 + BLDS 2005: .391

IU 391 BLDS 2005

1. Thi im ngh giao kt hp ng c hiu lc c xc nh nh sau: a) Do bn ngh n nh; b) Nu bn ngh khng n nh th ngh giao kt hp ng c hiu lc k t khi bn c ngh nhn c ngh . 2. Cc trng hp sau y c coi l nhn c ngh giao kt hp ng: a) ngh c chuyn n ni c tr, nu bn c ngh l c nhn; c chuyn n tr s, nu bn c ngh l php nhn; b) ngh c a vo h thng thng tin chnh thc ca bn c ngh; c) Khi bn c ngh bit c ngh giao kt hp ng thng qua cc phng thc khc.

4.2.1. CHO HNG IU KIN HIU LC

K3: Ngi cho hng khng rt li (withdraw) hoc thu hi (revoke) cho hng. BLDS .392, 393 CUV: 15.2, 16

IU 392 BLDS 2005

Bn ngh giao kt hp ng c th thay i, rt li ngh giao kt hp ng trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Nu bn c ngh nhn c thng bo v vic thay i hoc rt li ngh trc hoc cng vi thi im nhn c ngh; b) iu kin thay i hoc rt li ngh pht sinh trong trng hp bn ngh c nu r v vic c thay i hoc rt li ngh khi iu kin pht sinh.

IU 393 BLDS 2005

Trong trng hp bn ngh giao kt hp ng thc hin quyn hu b ngh do nu r quyn ny trong ngh th phi thng bo cho bn c ngh v thng bo ny ch c hiu lc khi bn c ngh nhn c thng bo trc khi bn c ngh tr li chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng.

4.2.2. CHP NHN CHO HNG (ACCEPTANCE)

C S PHP L: + CUV 1980: .14 .24 + BLDS 2005: .390 .400

2.2.2. CHP NHN CHO HNG IU KIN HIU LC

K1: Ngi c cho hng phi chp nhn v iu kin nhng ni dung c bn ca cho hng BLDS 2005: 395, 396 CISG 1980: .19.2; .19.3

Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng l s tr li ca bn c ngh i vi bn ngh v vic chp nhn ton b ni dung ca ngh. - iu 396.1 BLDS 2005

.19 CISG 1980

Tuy nhin, mt tr li cho hng c khuynh hng chp nhn cho hng nhng c cha ng cc iu khon b sung hay nhng iu khon khc nhng khng lm bin i mt cch c bn ni dung ca cho hng vn cu thnh chp nhn cho hng, tr khi ngi cho khng chm tr phn i bng ming hoc bng cch gi thng bo phn i nhng sa i . Nu ngi cho hng khng lm nh vy, th cc iu khon ca hp ng s l cc iu khon ca cho hng vi nhng sa i nu trong chp nhn cho hng. Cc yu t b sung, sa i khc lin quan n cc iu kin gi c, thanh ton, cht lng v s lng hng ha, a im v thi hn giao hng, phm vi trch nhim ca cc bn hay n s gii quyt tranh chp c coi l nhng sa i lm bin i mt cch c bn ni dung ca cho hng.

4.2.2. CHP NHN CHO HNG IU KIN HIU LC

K2: Chp nhn n tay ngi cho hng trong thi gian hiu lc ca cho hng CISG: .18, .21 BLDS: 397 (?) CHP NHN MUN C HIU LC?

CCH THC CHP NHN

BNG VN BN BNG LI NI BNG HNH VI C TH IM LNG C PHI S NG ? + CUV, VIT NAM + HOA K, HN QUC

4.2.2. CHP NHN CHO HNG IU KIN HIU LC

- K3: Ngi chp nhn khng rt li chp nhn cho hng BLDS: 400 CISG 1980: 22

4. K KT HP NG MBHHQT

1 2 3

iu kin hiu lc ca H Trnh t k kt

Nhng iu khon c bn

4.3. NHNG IU KHON LM THNH NI DUNG CA HMBHHQT

1. Tn v a ch ca cc bn 2. iu khon tn hng 3. iu khon v s lng 4. iu khon phm cht 5. iu khon gi c v phng thc thanh ton 6. iu khon v thi hn, a im v iu kin giao hng 7. Lut p dng 8. Gii quyt tranh chp

1. TN V A CH CC BN
C y gi tr php l do c quan c thm quyn xc nhn v c ghi trong giy php thnh lp hoc giy CNKDN

2. TN HNG (Commodity/ description of goods)

Phi m bo s thng nht gia cc chng t, ti liu khc nhau (H, L/C, B/L,) v mt mt hng c th rt nhiu tn gi khc nhau.

V D
Vietnamese long grain white rice of 10% broken, crop 2005 Two-litre multi rice cooker, Natio brand, model FX12, made in Japan, 2003

3. S LNG HNG HA
3.1. n v tnh s lng 3.2. T l dung sai (tolerance) 3.3. T l min tr (franchise)

3.1. N V TNH S LNG

- Quy nh chnh xc loi n v o lng c s dng, trnh ni chung gy nhm ln V d: - Mua bn c ph : bag + 1 bao Columbia = 72 kg + 1 bao Anh = 60kg + 1 bao Singapore = 69 kg + 1 bao quc t = 50 kg

3.2. T L DUNG SAI (TOLERANCE)

+ Din t: ., about, approximately, more or less + Quyn chn dung sai: - At sellers option - Ay buyers option - At charterers option + Gi hng ha i vi phn dung sai?

3.2. T L DUNG SAI (TOLERANCE)

Article 30 UCP 600:
a. The word about or approximately used in connection with the amount of the credit or the quantity or the unit price stated in the credit are to be construed as allowing a tolerance not to exceed 10% more or 10% less than the amount, the quantity or the unit price to which they refer b. A tolerance not to exceed 5% more or 5% less than the quantity of the goods is allowed, provided the credit does not state the quantity in terms or a stipulated number of packing units or individual items and the total amount of the drawings does not exceed the amount or the credit

V D

QUANTITY: 500 MT (10% MORE OR LESS AT SELLERS OPTION AT CONTRACT PRICE)

4. PHM CHT HNG HA

4.1. Cch xc nh cht lng hng ha

4.2. Kim tra, gim nh hng ha

4. PHM CHT HNG HA

4.1. Cch xc nh cht lng hng ha - Da vo mu hng (sample) - Da vo tiu chun (standard) hoc phm cp hng ha (category) - Da vo quy cch hng ha (specifications) - Da vo ti liu k thut - Da vo hm lng cc cht ch yu trong hng ha

DA VO MU HNG
Quy cch hng ha phi tng t nh mu s 12FTS m hai bn la chn vo ngy.., c ng du v c ch k ca c 2 bn trn mu v coi nh mt phn ca hp ng. Mu c lm thnh 3 bn nh nhau, mt bn do bn bn gi, mt bn do bn mua gi v mt bn do cng ty gim nh Vinacontrol gi lm c s gii quyt tranh chp. Cc bn phi lu gi mu n khi kt thc thi hn khiu ni c quy nh trong hp ng ny

DA VO TIU CHUN, PHM CP

- Tiu chun: L nhng quy nh v s nh gi cht lng, phng php sn xut, ng gi, kim tra hng hac c quan c thm quyn ph duyt - Phm cp: Xp hng mc cht lng da trn cc tiu chun c s dng. TCVN 4193: 2001 - TIU CHUN C PH VIT NAM TCVN 6096: 2004 NC UNG NG CHAI TRA CU TI: www.tcvn.org.vn

DA VO QUY CCH HNG HA (SPECIFICATIONS)

COMMODITY: LOVE SET WOODEN FURNITURE 01 TABLE (1.150 610 840)mm 01 LOUNGE ARMCHAIR (1.040 600 450)mm 02 LOVE ARMCHAIRS (590 610 840)mm

DA VO HM LNG CHT CH YU TRONG HNG HA

GO XUT KHU
BROKEN MOISTURE CHALKY GRAIN DAMAGED GRAIN YELLOW GRAIN FOREIGN MATTER TM M HT BC BNG HT H HT VNG TP CHT 10%MAX 14%MAX 7%MAX 0,5%MAX 1%MAX 0,2% MAX

DA VO TI LIU K THUT
Quy cch phm cht hng ha theo ti liu k thut s c 2 bn k tn, ng du xc nhn ngy... Ti liu k thut ny l mt b phn khng th tch ri ca hp ng

THC T
1. Up to export standard, 100% brand new 2. The seller will make finished garments as the counter sample which is signed and confirmed by both parties 3. Goods are 100% brand new and packed products in good condition for normal transportation by sea and/or by air 4. Final at loading port as per Certificates of Quality/ weight issued by independent conveyor 5. As per sample approved by the Seller and upon agreed by the Buyer

4. PHM CHT HNG HA

4.1. Cch xc nh cht lng hng ha

4.2. Kim tra, gim nh hng ha

4.2. KIM TRA - GIM NH HNG HA

A. Cc trng hp kim tra - gim nh B. C quan kim tra gim nh C. Thi gian v a im kim tra gim nh D. Phng php, tiu chun kim tra gim nh

E. Gi tr ca giy chng nhn kim tra phm cht

F. Cch quy nh trong hp ng

A. CC TRNG HP KIM TRA GIM NH

- KIM TRA BT BUC TI CNG I (CHECKING) 3 TRNG HP: 1. Hp ng quy nh 2. L/C quy nh 3. Lut ca nc ngi xut khu/nhp khu c quy nh - GIM NH BT BUC TI CNG N (INSPECTION) 1 TRNG HP: Lut ca nc ngi NK quy nh

A. CC TRNG HP KIM TRA GIM NH

QUYT NH CA TH TNG CHNH PH S 50/2006/Q-TTG NGY 07 THNG 3 NM 2006 V VIC BAN HNH DANH MC SN PHM, HNG HA PHI KIM TRA V CHT LNG + M BO HIM + CHI DNH CHO TR EM DI 36 THNG + THC N CHN NUI +.

B. C QUAN KIM TRA GIM NH

- TH1: Hp ng hoc L/C quy nh - TH2: Hp ng, L/C khng quy nh v c quan kim tra - gim nh

TN C QUAN 1. CNG TY C PHN GIM NH VINACONTROL (CNG TY GIM NH HNG HA XNK VIT NAM)

A CH + Tr s: 54 Trn Nhn Tng, H Ni + Chi nhnh HCM: 80 B Huyn Thanh Quan, Qun 3 WEBSITE: www.vinacontrol.com.vn 119-121 V Vn Tn, Qun 3, TPHCM WEBSITE: www.vn.sgs.com + H Ni: Tng 4, Horison Hotel Building , 40 Ct Linh, Qun ng a + TPHCM: Lu 1, Ta nh Etown, 364 Cng Ha 228A Pasteur , Qun 3, TPHCM 49 Pasteur, Qun 1, TPHCM

THNG TIN KHC Thnh lp: 24/10/1957T CHC GIM NH LN NHT VIT NAM

2. SGS Vietnam Ltd

CNG TY GIM INH C LP QUC T U TIN TI VIT NAM Qun o, dt may Giy dp, thuc da Ha cht chi, gia dng in t

3. INTERTEK VIETNAM LTD

4. CAFECONTROL 5. TRUNG TM K THUT TIU CHUN O LNG CHT LNG 3 (QUATEST 3)

C ph, nhn iu, tiu, cc loi u, tr

C. THI GIAN, A IM GIM NH

- HP NG KHNG QUY NH: + THI GIAN: Khong thi gian hp l trc khi giao hng/d hng + A IM: - CNG I: Ti ni tp kt cui cng ca hng ha trc khi giao hng, hoc ng hng vo container - CNG N: Ti ni tp kt hng u tin sau khi d hng khi tu/ container

D. PHNG PHP, TIU CHUN GIM NH

+ Quy nh trong hp ng + C quan gim nh la chn

E. GI TR GCNKTPC (Quality Certificate - Survey Report)

C gi tr rng buc tuyt i C tnh quyt nh, chung thm Khng c tnh quyt nh

C TNH QUYT NH, CHUNG THM

C TH BC LI TRONG NHNG TRNG HP: Ni dung ca GCNKTPC khng r rng Ngi mua chng minh ngi bn c man tr, la di Ngi mua chng minh c quan kim tra phm cht c s sut trong qu trnh kim tra v lp GCNKTPC

F. CCH QUY NH KIM TRA GIM NH TRONG HP NG

1. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi bn ( cng bc hng) 2. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi bn do c quan X lm 3. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi bn do c quan X lm l quyt nh 4. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi mua 5. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi mua do c quan Y lm 6. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi mua do c quan Y lm l quyt nh 7. Kim tra phm cht c tin hnh nc ngi bn do c quan X lm n cng n gim nh li phm cht do c quan Y lm l quyt nh

V. CHP HNH HMBHHQT

1. Nguyn tc chp hnh HMBHHQT 2. Trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT 3. Cng ch thi hnh ch ti trong HMBHHQT

1. NGUYN TC CHP HNH HMBHHQT

+ BLDS VN 2005: T nguyn, bnh ng, thin ch, hp tc, trung thc v ngay thng + B nguyn tc ca Unidroit v hp ng thng mi quc t: Nguyn tc thin ch v trung thc

1. NGUYN TC CHP HNH HMBHHQT

BIU HIN: + Hp tc cht ch, thng xuyn theo di qu trnh thc hin hp ng, gip nhau thc hin ng ngha v cam kt (305 LTM 2005) + Nu mt bn gp kh khn th phi thng bo cho i tc bit v cng nhau phi hp gii quyt (iu 295 LTM 2005) + Khi c tranh chp xy ra, ch ng thng lng gii quyt

2. TRCH NHIM DO VI PHM HP NG

2.1. Cc cn c cu thnh trch nhim 2.2. Cc trng hp min trch 2.3. Ch trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT

2.1. CC CN C CU THNH TRCH NHIM

1. C hnh vi vi phm hp ng ca th tri 2. C thit hi v ti sn ca tri ch 3. C mi quan h nhn qu gia hnh vi vi phm hp ng ca th tri v thit hi m tri ch phi gnh chu 4. C li ca th tri: li suy on

2.1.1. VI PHM HP NG
Vi phm hp ng l vic mt bn khng thc hin, thc hin khng y hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v theo tha thun gia cc bn hoc theo quy nh ca Lut ny (Khon 12, iu 3, LTM 2005)

2.1.2. THIT HI CA TRI CH

Theo php lut Vit Nam hin hnh, th bn b vi phm ch c bi thng i vi cc thit hi trc tip v thc t.

2.1.3. QUAN H NHN QU

Ngi mua VN k kt hp ng vi ngi bn Lo theo iu kin EXW, Incoterms 2000. Theo , ngi mua VN phi cho xe n ly hng ti kho ca ngi bn vo 20/10/2010. Tuy nhin, do mt s kh khn, nn ngi mua giao hn n 30/11 mi nhn hng. Lc nh kho ca ngi bn pht sinh nhng vn sau: + Chi ph lu kho, chi ph bo qun hng ha + 29/10/2010: Ma ln lm cho hng ha trong kho b m t. + 20/11/2010: Hng ha b mt trm

2.1.4. LI CA TH TRI
Li ca th tri khi vi phm HMBHHQT l li suy on Tri ch khng c ngha v chng minh li ca th tri m c quyn coi th tri c li nu c hnh vi vi phm hp ng

2. TRCH NHIM DO VI PHM HP NG

2.1. Cc cn c cu thnh trch nhim 2.2. Cc trng hp min trch 2.3. Ch trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT

2.2. CC TRNG HP MIN TRCH

2.2.1. KHI NIM
Trng hp min trch l nhng trng hp do hp ng hoc php lut quy nh, m khi gp phi dn n vi phm hp ng th bn vi phm c min trch

2.2. Cc trng hp min trch

2.2.2. PHN LOI :(294 LTM)

+ Xy ra nhng trng hp min trch m cc bn tha thun + Xy ra s kin bt kh khng (2 PLTTTM, 117 Lut H TQ, 7.1.7 PICC) + Hnh vi vi phm ca mt bn hon ton do li ca bn kia (So snh: CUV 79.2) + Do thc hin quyt nh ca c quan qun l nh nc c thm quyn m cc bn khng th bit c vo thi im giao kt hp ng.

S KIN BT KH KHNG
Khon 1 iu 161 B lut dn s Vit Nam 2005: S kin BKK l s kin xy ra mt cch khch quan khng th lng trc c v khng th khc phc c mc d p dng mi bin php cn thit v kh nng cho php. iu 117 Lut hp ng ca CHDCND Trung Hoa: ...Trong lut ny, s kin bt kh khng c hiu l cc hon cnh khng th thy trc, khng th trnh khi v khng th vt qua. Khon 1 iu 7.1.7 Nguyn tc Hp ng thng mi quc t (PICC): Vic khng thc hin ca mt bn s c min trch nhim, nu bnny chng minh c rng vic khng thc hin l do nhng tr ngi ngoi tm kim sot cu h v nhng tr ngi cn nhc k vn khng th lng trc c vo thi im giao kt hp ng, hoc cc tr ngi ny l khng th trnh hoc vt qua c.

IU KIN CNG NHN BKK

1. Xy ra sau khi k kt hp ng nhng cn trong thi hn thc hin hp ng 2. Xy ra mt cch khch quan, khng ph thuc kin ch quan ca cc bn 3. Cc bn khng th lng trc c v khng ngh rng n s xy ra nh vy vo lc k kt hp ng 4. Khng th khc phc hin tng cng nh hu qu ca n 5. C quan h nhn qu gia s kin y vi hnh vi vi phm hp ng

 iu khon ca mt hp ng mua bn tu c quy nh: thi hn giao/ nhn tu l chm nht 1,5 thng sau khi hp ng c hiu lc, tc l 28/9/2008. 26/9/2008, tu ca ngi bn b Ta n Ecuador bt gi. 30/10/2008, 2 bn k ph lc hp ng iu chnh thi gian giao hng chm nht 12/11/2008 Ngi bn cung cp bo lnh tr gi 60000 USD gii phng tu. 10/11/2008, Ngi mua nhn thng bo t ngi bn v vic tu d kin c gii phng ngy 14/11/2008. Ngay sau khi c quyt nh gii phng tu, ngi bn s thng bo cho ngi mua bn giao tu. Ngy 19/11/2008, Ngi bn vn cha giao c tu nn ngi mua ngh hy hp ng. S kin nu trn c phi l bt kh khng hay khng bit rng ngy 18/11/2008, Ta n Ecuador c lnh th tu?

A, mt nh sn xut ti nc X, bn mt trm nng lng nguyn t cho B, mt cng ty nng lng nc Y. Theo cc iu khon ca hp ng, A cam kt tt c cc nhu cu v Uranium cho trm nng lng ny trong 10 nm, vi gi c nh trong thi gian ny, c tnh bng USD v thanh ton ti New York. Cc trng hp sau y c th xy ra sau 5 nm: 1. ng tin nc Y mt gi 1% so vi USD ti thi im ca hp ng. 2. Chnh quyn nc Y tng cng kim sot ngoi hi lm cn tr vic B thanh ton bng bt c ng tin nc no ngoi nc Y. 3. Th trng Uranium th gii b lng on bi mt nhm u c tiu bang Texas. Gi ca Uranium trn th trng th gii tng gp 10 ln so vi hp ng. Cn c vo cc iu kin trn, hy cho bit trng hp no l s kin bt kh khng?

2.2. CC TRNG HP MIN TRCH

2.2.3 MT S LU (.295 LTM 2005) - Bn vi phm hp ng phi thng bo ngay bng vn bn cho bn kia v trng hp c min trch nhim v nhng hu qu c th xy ra. - Khi trng hp min trch nhim chm dt, bn vi phm hp ng phi thng bo ngay cho bn kia bit; nu bn vi phm khng thng bo hoc thng bo khng kp thi cho bn kia th phi bi thng thit hi. - Bn vi phm c ngha v chng minh vi bn b vi phm v trng hp min trch nhim ca mnh.

2. TRCH NHIM DO VI PHM HP NG

2.1. Cc cn c cu thnh trch nhim 2.2. Cc trng hp min trch 2.3. Ch trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT

2.3. Ch trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT

- Buc thc hin ng hp ng (297,298,299) - Pht vi phm (300,301 LTM, 422 BLDS) - Buc bi thng thit hi (302306 LTM;305 BLDS; 74 77 CUV)) - Tm ngng thc hin H (308,309 LTM) - nh ch thc hin H (310 LTM) - Hu hp ng (312 315 LTM): Lu 313 LTM, 73 CUV) - Cc bin php khc do cc bn tho thun

1. BUC THC HIN NG HP NG

1.1. nh ngha (.297.1 LTM 2005) 1.2. Ni dung 1.3. iu kin p dng

1.2. NI DUNG
Ni dung: + Bn bn giao hng thiu + Bn bn giao hng km cht lng + Bn mua khng nhn hng/ khng thanh ton Khi no bn mua c th yu cu bn bn sa cha, loi tr khuyt tt hng ha v khi no th yu cu thay th hng ha? LTM: Khng quy nh, CUV: 46 & 62 Nu ngi mua khng thc hin theo yu cu ca ngi bn?

1.3. IU KIN P DNG

C hnh vi vi phm hp ng ca th tri Bn vi phm c li (li suy on)

2. PHT VI PHM
2.1. Khi nim 2.2. iu kin i tin pht 2.3. Mc pht

2.1. KHI NIM PHT VI PHM

Pht vi phm l vic bn b vi phm yu cu bn vi phm tr mt khon tin pht do vi phm hp ng nu trong hp ng c tha thun (iu 300 - LTM 2005) Pht vi phm l vic bn c quyn li b vi phm yu cu khon tin pht nht nh do vi phm hp ng, nu trong hp ng c tha thun hoc php lut c quy nh (iu 226 LTM 1997)

2.2. IU KIN I TIN PHT VI PHM

C hnh vi vi phm hp ng ca tri ch. Tha thun v pht vi phm c quy nh trong hp ng vo thi im k kt hoc khi sa i, b sung, ph lc hp ng cc bn c tha thun. Bn vi phm c li (li suy on)

2.3. MC PHT VI PHM

Mc pht i vi vi phm ngha v hp ng hoc tng mc pht i vi nhiu vi phm do cc bn tha thun trong hp ng, nhng khng qu 8% gi tr phn ngha v hp ng b vi phm. (iu 301 LTM 2005 )

3. BI THNG THIT HI
3.1. Khi nim 3.2. iu kin p dng 3.3. Cc loi thit hi thng c bi thng 3.4. Nguyn tc p dng LTM: .302 .306 CISG: .74 .77

3.1. KHI NIM

Bi thng thit hi l vic bn vi phm bi thng nhng tn tht do hnh vi vi phm hp ng gy ra cho bn b vi phm. (iu 302 LTM VN 2005)

3.2. IU KIN P DNG

Tr cc trng hp min trch nhim quy nh ti iu 294 ca Lut ny, trch nhim bi thng thit hi pht sinh khi c cc yu t sau y: 1. C hnh vi vi phm hp ng; 2. C thit hi thc t; 3. Hnh vi vi phm hp ng l nguyn nhn trc tip gy ra thit hi. (iu 303 LTM VN 2005)

3.3. CC THIT HI C BI THNG

Tn tht/ gim st ti sn ca tri ch Cc chi ph chi ra v chi ph pht sinh do vi phm hp ng ca th tri Thu nhp b b l ( khon li mt hng)

3.4. NGUYN TC P DNG

Bi thng cc thit hi vt cht, thc t v trc tip do hnh vi vi phm gy ra. Bn yu cu bi thng phi chng minh tn tht. Bn yu cu bi thng phi c ngha v hn ch tn tht.

Bn mua VN k hp ng mua bn my thu vi bn bn HQ. Theo , bn bn s giao 2 my thu cho bn mua vi gi 136000USD theo iu kin CIF Incoterms 2000 Cng thnh ph HCM, bo hnh 12 thng sau khi lp t. Thc hin hp ng, bn bn giao hng, my c lp t v bn mua a vo s dng. Tuy nhin, trong qu trnh s dng, my c nhiu s c, tm ngng hot ng sut 40 ngy. Bn HQ c chuyn gia sang bo hnh, nhng khng khc phc c s c. Do my ngng hot ng, bn mua yu cu bn bn i hai my mi v bi thng thit hi, gm cc khon sau:

(1) Chi ph nhn cng trong thi gian 2 my ngng hot ng (2) Li sut trn s tin hng 136000 USD k t ngy my b tm ngng hot ng n ngy trng ti xt x (3) Thit hi do mt khch hng, thit hi mt doanh thu, thit hi tinh thn. Nu anh ch l bn bn HQ, anh ch s ng bi thng i vi nhng khon no trn y?

4. TM NGNG THC HIN H

Khi nim iu kin p dng Ngha v ca bn b vi phm Hu qu ca vic tm ngng thc hin hp ng (LTM: 308 309)

5. NH CH THC HIN HP NG
Khi nim iu kin p dng Ngha v ca bn b vi phm Hu qu ca vic hy hp ng (LTM: 310 312)

6. HY HP NG
Phn loi iu kin p dng (VN v CISG) Ngha v ca bn b vi phm Hu qu ca vic hy hp ng (LTM: 312 315)

MT S LU KHI P DNG CC CH TI
Buc thc hin hp ng: .229.1, .229.2, CISG 49.1, CISG 64.1 Pht vi phm: .307 Bi thng thit hi: .315

V. CHP HNH HMBHHQT

1. Nguyn tc chp hnh HMBHHQT 2. Trch nhim do vi phm HMBHHQT 3. Cng ch thi hnh ch ti trong HMBHHQT

3. Cng ch thi hnh ch ti trong HMBHHQT

3.1. iu kn p dng bin php cng ch thi hnh ch ti - Phi chng minh c thi hn thc hin ngha v ca bn vi phm ht - Phi thng bo cho bn vi phm bit l thi hn thc hin ngha v ca bn vi phm ht 3.2. Cc bin php cng ch thi hnh ch ti 3.2.1. Sai p ti sn ca bn vi phm 3.2.2. Tuyn b ph sn

3.2.1. SAI P TI SN
- nh ngha: Sai p ti sn tc l nm v gi ti sn ca bn vi phm ly n t ti sn . - Phn loi: Sai p trc tip v sai p gin tip. Sai p trc tip l sai p vo nhng ti sn m bn vi phm c, ang c hoc s c trong tng lai. Sai p gin tip l sai p vo nhng mn n m ngi th ba n bn vi phm.

3.2.1. SAI P TI SN
-Th tc sai p: Tri ch lm n gi n ta n c thm quyn (thng l ta n ni c ti sn ca th tri) ngh ta n h tr cp lnh sai p. Ta n kim tra xem c iu kin p dng bin php sai p khng. Nu c iu kin th ta cp lnh sai p. C lnh sai p, tri ch c th bn cc ti sn ca th tri m mnh ang nm gi hoc ly cc khon n ca ngi th ba tr cho th tri.

3.2.2. TUYN B PH SN
iu kin th tri b tuyn b ph sn: + Lut ph sn VN 2004, iu 3: Doanh nghip, hp tc x khng c kh nng thanh ton c cc khon n n hn khi ch n c yu cu th coi l lm vo tnh trng ph sn. + Lut ca Hoa Kz: Th tri khng kh nng tr n (tc l ton b ti sn ca th tri t hn khon n ca th tri) + Lut ca Php: Th tri ngng tr n + Lut ca Canada: Th tri ngng tr n v khng kh nng tr n

3.2.2. TUYN B PH SN
Ngi c thm quyn xin tuyn b ph sn: + Lut ph sn VN 2004: iu 13 + iu 14 - Ch n khng c bo m - Ch n c bo m 1 phn - Ngi lao ng

Lin h: GV. TRN THANH TM Email: tranthanhtam2010@gmail.com in thoi: 0918014246