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INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT


COURSE CODE: ENG-405

TERM REPORT

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MANNCHAR LAKE

NAME: SHOAIB AHMED CLASS ID: 13807 FACULTY NAME: Dr. SHAHID AMJAD

TABLE OF CONTENT
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2. ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION ................................................................................................................ 2 3 SHORT TERM PLANS .................................................................................................................................. 3 4. MEDIUM TERM PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 4 5. LONG TERM PLAN ..................................................................................................................................... 5

INTRODUCTION:
Mannchar Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Pakistan and one of Asia's largest lakes. It is located west of the Indus River, in Dadu District, Sindh. The area of the lake fluctuates with the seasons from as little as 350 km to as much as 520 km. The lake collects water from numerous small streams in the Kirthar Mountains and empties into the Indus River.

The lake was created in the 1930s when the Sukkur Barrage was constructed on the river Indus. The lake is fed by two canals, the Aral and the Danister from the river Indus. Until recently the lake supported thousands of fisher folk, near village Kot Lashari Bobak railway station, who depended on the freshwater fish they caught in the lake. However, the lake is now undergoing environmental degradation resulting in the water becoming saline and killing off the fish and forcing the fisher folk to look elsewhere for employment.

ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION
The degradation has been occurring for a long time but only recently have the effects been felt. The diversion of water from the Indus and a diminished storm runoff from the Kirthar Mountains has contributed to the reduction in fresh water supplies. At the same time, saline drainage water from agricultural fields in surrounding areas has started to flow into Lake Manchar. The lake was a stop-off on the Indus flyway for Siberian migratory birds, but recently the numbers have fallen from 25,000 birds counted in 1988 to just 2,800 bird counted in 2002, because the lake no longer provides the birds' main food, the lake fish. In the place of the birds, the lake now hosts a saline water reed. The lake also provided large volumes of water for irrigation but this has also been reduced and has resulted in a great reduction in the area irrigated by the lake.

SHORT TERM PLANS

REGULARIZE AND ENHANCE THE FLOW OF FRESH WATER:


By enhancing and regularizing the flow of fresh water from Indus River so as to minimize the effect of pollution.

REPLACEMENT OF DIESEL ENGINE BOATS:


Diesel engine boats used by fishing community for fishing should not be permitted and people should be facilitated to get these boats replaced. Because their oil spillage also causes degradation of the lake.

DISCHARGING THE POLLUTANTS IN THE SEA:


In order to minimize the effect of pollutant it can be discharge into the sea rather than discharging them into the Lake.

MONITORING OF WATER QUALITY:


Water quality of Mannchar lake monitoring should be carried with more frequency.

TRAINING TO THE FISHING COMMUNITY:


Training institute or camps should be structure to provide training to the fishing community, to improve their fishing practices to ensure sustainable livelihood for them.

DEVELOPMENT OF SECURITY SYSTEM FOR TOURIST:


Security system can be developed for the tourist which will provide safe environment for Tourism and also provide jobs opportunities for local people by hiring local people for the security.

MEDIUM TERM PLANS

DEVELOPMENT OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT:


The polluted water coming from the Main Nara Valley Drain can be treated before reaching the lake by using Water Treatment Plants.

DEVELOPMENT OF COLLECTION PONDS:


Collection ponds can be developed to collect the nutrient enriched water to combact with eutrofication situation. And collected enriched water can be used for agricultural purpose of for watering green belts, parks etc.

DEVELOPMENT OF FISH FARMS:


Fish farms can be made to increase the number of valuable species of fish and can make the mannchar lake economically sustainable.

SEWAGE COLLECTION AND TREATMENT SYSTEM:


Sewage collection and treatment systems should be developed to minimize the solid municipal waste.

DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: New transportation system should be developed which can facilitate Mannchar Lake people which will help in transportation of fishes to market or nearby cities. CONSTRUCTION OF SHOPS AND MARKETS: To increase livelihood of the Mannchar Lake area, shops and markets can be develop where availability of basic need can be made available. And also Tourist will be facilitate by shops and markets and will increase the earning opportunities of Mancchar Lake people.

DEVELOPMENT OF PARKS AND GREEN BELTS: By the development of parks and green belts the habitat of various species can be restore and it will also create habitat of the migratory birds. Parks can be used to create job opportunities to the local people of Mannchar Lake. By keeping Mancchar people in the security and administration of these parks. These parks will entertain and attract tourists and will be the source of income of Mannchar lake people.

LONG TERM PLANS

CONSTRUCTION OF HUTS:
Huts can be developed which can be used by tourist and can be the source of income of Mannchar Lake people.

DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES: Schools and colleges should be developed to educate fisher folk Mohannas families, who have been forced to migrate to other wetlands in search of the livelihood some have migrated to lakes of Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan. DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITALS: Hospitals are the basic needs of human being. Hospitals should be provided to save precious human life. To create a livelihood environment Government should create hospitals with proper equipments and staff so that to provide basic treatment in case of health related emergencies. DEVELOPMENT OF RESTAURANT: Restaurant should be developed, which can create opportunity for the fishing community and also Tourist can enjoy their picnics and can eat different dishes of fish.

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