Trade Name:

Innovar

Classification: General anesthetic, narcotic analgesic, neuroleptic analgesic

PHARMOCOLOGY DRUG CARDS

Use(s): Premedication, adjunct/maintenance of anesthesia, Action: Acts at subcortical levels to reduce motor activity. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, <2 years old. Side Effects: Laryngospasm, bronchospasm, respiratory arrest. Nursing implications: V/S, LFT, BUN, Creatine, Paco2. After 1st dose of narcotic reduce dosage.

Trade Name:

Progesterone

Trade Name:

Estrogens

Classification: Progesterone, hormone Use(s): Contraception, amenorrhea, PMS, abnormal uterine bleeding. Action: Prevents pituitary release of gonadotrophins, which prevents follicular maturation. Contraindications: Breast/Reproductive CA, , cerebral bleeds. Side Effects: Stroke, PE, MI, spontaneous AB Nursing implications: Weight, B/P, LFT, edema, mental status, hypercalcemia.

Classification: Estrogen, hormone Use(s): Menopause, inoperable breast CA, Prostate CA, osteoporosis Action: Inhibits release of pituitary gonadotrophins, inhibits ovulation and calcium use in bone. Contraindications: Breast/Reproductive CA Side Effects: Seizures, Stroke, MI Nursing implications: Assess LFT, AST, ALT, bilirubin.

Trade Name:

Rocephin

(ceftriaxone) Trade Name:

Doxycycline

Classification: Broad-Spectrum antibiotic, 3rd generation cephalosporin Classification: Antiinfectives Use(s): Gram-negative bacilli, less effective against gram positive Use(s): syphilis, Clap, gonorrhea, rickettsia Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis Action: Inhibits protein synthesis Contraindications: to cephalosporins, <1 month old, pregnancy, lactation. Side Effects: N/V/D, bleeding, proteinuria, lymphocytosis, super infection, headache, dizziness, rash Nursing implications: Sensitivity to PCN or other cephalosporins. Assess for diarrhea, and blood chemistry studies, assess for s/s of superifection such as thrush and yeast infection Contraindications: hypersensitivity to tetracycline, children <8 years old, pregnancy, lactation. Side Effects: Fever, neutropenia, angioedema, hepatotoxicity Nursing implications: Assess I&O, allergic Rx, Blood studies, Signs of infection.

Trade Name:

Tetracycline

Trade Name:

Penicillin

Classification: Broad-Spectrum anti-infective Use(s): Syphilis, clap, gonorrhea, rickettsia infections, acne, ophthalmic neonatorum Action: Inhibits protein synthesis Contraindications: hypersensitivity to tetracycline, children <8 years old, pregnancy, and lactation. Hypersensitivity to light Side Effects: Fever, HA, neutropenia, hemolytic anemia, angioedema. Nursing implications: Signs of anemia, Allergic reactions, N/V/D. Store out of heat/light

Classification: Broad-Spectrum antiinfectives. Use(s): Gram +/- bacilli and cocci. Action: interferes with cell wall replication, producing inferior cell walls. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN, neonates. Sensitivity to cephalosporins Side Effects: anemia, increased bleeding time, Oliguria, proteinuria, Hematuria, rash, uticaria, anaphylaxsis Nursing implications: Infection, I&O, liver studies, blood studies, respiratory status.

Trade Name:

Acyclovir

Trade Name:

Podophyllin

Classification: Antiviral Classification: Antiviral Use(s): Herpes zoster, herpes simplex, herpes genitalis Use(s): Genital wart removal Action: Interferes with DNA synthesis causing decreased viral replication. Contraindications: Side Effects: Tremors, confusion, lethargy, convulsions, acute renal failure. Nursing implications: Signs of infection, I&O ratio, skin eruptions, allergic Reactions Action: unknown Contraindications: hypersensitivity; perianal or MM warts. Side Effects: inflammation, burning Nursing implications: None noted.

Trade Name:

Flagyl

(Metronidazole HCL) Trade Name:

Classification: Antiinfectives Use(s): Intestinal amoeba, bone / joint infections, lower respiratory infections. Trichomonas vaginalis Action: Direct acting amebicide Contraindications: , renal disease, pregnancy (1 tri), CNS disorders.
st

Pepcid

Classification: H2-receptor antagonist. Use(s): Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, GERD Action: Competitively inhibits histamine, while pepsin stays at a stable level, inhibits gastric secretions Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects: Thrombocytopenia, seizure, bronchospasm, Nursing implications: Blood counts, bleeding

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, convulsions, Blurred vision, sore throat, dry mouth. Nursing implications: Assess for signs of infection. Assess stools, check vision, allergic reactions.

Trade Name:

Tobramycin

Trade Name:

Neomycin

Classification: Antiinfectives-Aminoglycoside Use(s): Infections of pseudomonas, E.Coli, enterobacter, staphylococcus Action: Interferes with protein synthesis, causing an inaccurate peptide sequence resulting in death. Contraindications: Severe renal disease, hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides. Side Effects Oliguria, hematuria, renal failure, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, & leukopenia. Nursing implications: Assess weight, I&O, blood studies, serum levels

Classification: Antiinfectives-Aminoglycoside Use(s): Severe systemic infections with pseudomonas, E.Coli, enterobacter, Proteus. Action: Interferes with protein synthesis by binding to the 30s subunit, causing an erroneous protein that causes death. Contraindications: Bowel obstruction, severe renal disease, hypersensitivity, infants, and children. Side Effects Oliguria, hematuria, renal failure, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, & leukopenia. Nursing implications: Assess Weight, I&O, renal impairment, dehydration, blood studies, serum levels.

Trade/generic: Class :

Zinacef

(cefuroxime sodium)

Trade Name:

Claforan

Antibacterial Agents: 2nd gen. Cephalosporin

Classification: Broad-spectrum antibiotic-Cephalosporin Use(s): Gram - & gram + organisms Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis, making cell wall unstable. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, infants < 1 month. Side Effects: N/V/D, anaphylaxis, Proteinuria, leukopenia. Nursing implications: Assess for sensitivity to PCN/Cephalosporins, nephrotoxicity, blood studies, and electrolytes.

Route : IM, IV
Ind:

Gram +/- bacteria, including most staph, gp. A & B Strep, most strep, E. coli, meningitits. cell wall unstable.

Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, making the

Contra: Hypers, seizure disorders. S/E:

Dizziness, headache, fatigue, rash, nephrotoxicity, renal failure. Assess for nephrotoxicity, I&O, Blood serum studies & allergic reactions.

RN:

Trade Name:

Tazidime

Trade Name:

Erythromycin

Classification: Broad-spectrum antibiotic-Cephalosporin Use(s): Gram negative and gram positive organisms Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis, making cell wall unstable. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, infants < 1 month. Side Effects: N/V/D, anaphylaxis, Proteinuria, leukopenia. Nursing implications: Assess for sensitivity to PCN/Cephalosporins, nephrotoxicity, blood studies, and electrolytes.

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives-Microlide Use(s): Bacterial infections, Legionaires disease, syphilis. Action: Binds to P site of 50s ribosomal subunit, interfereing w/ protein synthesis. Contraindications: Hypersens., cisapride use, astemizole use, impaired liver function, impaired hearing. Side Effects: anaphylaxis, N/V, diarrhea, anorexia, abd pain, abd cramps, pruritus, Nursing implications: observe for allergic reactions,

Trade Name:

Ticar

(ticarcillin)

Trade Name:

Ampicillin

Classification: Broad-spectrum Antiinfectives-Penicillin Use(s): Gram +/- cocci, Gram +/- bacilli. Action: Interferes with cell wall replication, and causes unstable cell walls to burst. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN Side Effects: Anemia, increased bleeding time, bone marrow depression, N/V/D. Nursing implications: Assess, I&O, liver studies, blood studies, lethargy, coma, convulsions.

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives-Penicillin Use(s): Gram +/- cocci, Gram +/- bacilli Action: Interferes with cell wall replication & causes cell walls to burst. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN Side Effects: Rash, anemia, bone marrow depression, coma, convulsions, and anaphylaxis. Nursing implications: Assess I&O, liver studies, blood studies, respiratory and vitals, as well as bowel habits.

Trade Name:

Cipro

Trade Name:

Bactrim

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives Use(s): Infections caused by susceptible organisms E. Coli, Proteus, staph. Action: Interferes with conversion of DNA fragments into higher molecular weight ones. DNA gyrase inhibitors. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to quinolones Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, restlessness, N/V/D. Nursing implications: Assess for CNS symptoms, I&O ratio, allergic reactions.

Classification: Antiinfectives-Sulfonamides Use(s): UTI, Otitis media, and shigellosis Action: Bacteriostatic agent that prevents bacterial growth by Inhibiting folic acid production. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, infants <2 months. Side Effects: N/V, diarrhea, joint pain, urticaria, convulsions, fever, renal failure, leukopenia. Nursing implications: Assess for allergic reactions, kidney functions, and allergic reactions, maintain adequate fluid inake

Trade Name:

Virazole

(ribavirin)

Trade Name:

Respigam

Classification: Antiviral Agents-ribavirin Use(s): Infants and young children w/ lower resp. infections caused By RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) Action: Inhibits viral RNA and DNA synthesis Contraindications: Pregnant or lactating, COPD, asthma, ventilation, Side Effects: resp. function, vent. Dependence, pneumothorax, apnea, cardiac arrest, HTN, rash, conjunctivitis, erythema of eyelids. Nursing implications: Monitor: VS, cardiac status, CBC. Route of administration is aerosol inhalation

Classification: Immune serums Use(s): Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infections caused by RSV in children <2 years old, with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or premature birth. Action: Higher titer of neutralizing antibody against RSV. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or other human immunoglobulin preparations. Side Effects: Resp distress, hypoxia, fever, HTN, anaphylaxis Nursing implications: Assess vital signs, respiratory status, for signs of aseptic meningitis.

Trade Name:

Synagis

Classification: monoclonal antibodies Use(s): Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV in pediatric PTs. Action: A humanized monoclonal antibody that exhibits neutralizing and fusion-inhibitory activity against RSV. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, adults, and cyanotic congenital heart disease. Side Effects: N/V/D, URI, apnea, and rash site injection. Nursing implications: For presence of RSV infections.

antimycotic Agents (nystatin, clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconizole, etc.)

Trade Name: Classification: Antifungals Use(s): fungal infections: tinea pedis (common) to sporotrichosis (rare) Action: cell wall permeability.Some interfere w/ protein synthsis by binding to sterol.. Contraindications: Hypersens., Pregnant or Lactating Pts. Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia, chills, fever, N/V, muscle & joint pain, HA, anorexia, abd. Pain. Nursing implications: Monitor LFTs, do not administer w/ antacids.

Trade Name:

Cotazym
Trade Name:

Classification: Digestant Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis, steatorrhea, and pancreatic enzyme deficiency. Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breaking down substances from the pancreas. Contraindications: Allergy to pork, chronic pancreatic disease. Side Effects: Anorexia, N/V/D Nursing implications: Assess for proper development, administer with meals, I&O ratio, 3 ps.

Pancreatin

Classification: Digestant Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis (digestive aid) Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breakdown of substances released from the pancreas. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to pork, chronic pancreatic disease. Side Effects: Anorexia, N/V/D, and rash, hypersensitivity, buccal soreness. Nursing implications: Assess I&O, for 3 Ps for allergy to pork.

Trade Name:

Pancrease

Trade Name:

Mucomyst

Classification: Digestant Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis (digestive aid), and Pancreatic enzyme deficiency. Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breakdown of substances released from the pancreas. Contraindications: Allergy to pork, chronic pancreatic disease. Side Effects: N/V/D Nursing implications: Assess for 3 Ps, pork sensitivity, appropriate height and weight.

Classification: Mucolytic; antidote - acetaminophen Use(s): Bronchitis; pneumonia; CF; emphysema; diagnostic in lab tests. Action: Decreases viscosity of secretions by breaking disulfide links of mucoproteins. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; increased ICP, status asthmaticus. Side Effects: Dizziness; drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, bronchospasm, hemoptysis. stomatitis Nursing implications: Assess cough, respiratory status, VS.

Trade Name:

Flexeril

(cyclobenzaprine)

Trade Name:

Pulmozyme

Classification: Skeletal muscle relaxant, central acting. Use(s): Adjunct for relief of muscle spasm and pain in muscle injuries. Action: Unknown may be related to antidepressant effects. Contraindications: Acute recovery from an MI, dysrhythmias, heart block, CHF, hypersensitivity, child <12 years, thyroid disease. Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, and dysrhythmias. Nursing implications: Assess blood studies, LFTs, ECG in epileptic Pts., allergic Rx, CNS Depression.

Classification: cystic fibrosis agent Use(s): Management of Cystic fibrosis Action: Breaks down molecules of infected sputum, to help get the sputum out. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects: Possible laryngitis, uticaria, rash, chest pain. Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, B/P, pulse, lung sounds.

Trade Name:

Cromolyn (same as intal)

Trade Name:

Classification: Antiasthmatic Use(s): Preventive allergic rhinitis, asthma, and bronchial asthma, exercise induced asthma. Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the senthestized cell, preventing the release of additional chemical mediators Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose or status asthmaticus. Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, urinary frequency, dysuria, N/V, dry mouth, bitter taste. Nursing implications: Assess eosinophil count during treatment, respiratory status.

Robaxin

Classification: Skeletal muscle relaxant, central acting. Use(s): Adjunct for relief of spasms and pain in muscles, tetanus management. Action: Depresses multisynaptic pathways in the spinal cord, causing skeletal muscle relaxant. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, child <12 yr., intermittent porphyria Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, seizures, N/V, anaphylaxis. Nursing implications: Assess blood studies, liver function tests, ECG, allergic RX, CNS depression.

Trade Name:

Prednisone

Trade Name:

Valium (diazepam)

Classification: Corticosteroid Use(s): Severe inflammation, immunosuppression, neoplasms, MS, collagen disorders. Action: Decreases inflammation by suppression of migration of leukocytes and fibroblasts increases capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization. Contraindications: Psychosis, hypersensitivity, amebiasis, fungal infections, child <2 years old, aids, TB. Side Effects: Circulatory collapse, thrombophlebitis, embolism, GI hemorrhage. Nursing implications: Assess for N/V, Weight, BP, I&O, infection, edema, mental status.

Classification: Antianxiety, anti-convulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant Use(s): Anxiety, acute ETOH withdrawal, adjunct in seizure disorders. IV with anesthesia for labor Action: Potentates the action of GABA, especially in the limbic system. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, narrow angle glaucoma, psychosis. Side Effects: Neutropenia, respiratory depression, dizziness drowsiness, and orthostatic hypotension. Nursing implications: Assess B/P, anxiety, for seizure, for changes in mental status.

Trade Name:

Indocin

Trade Name:

Tilade

Classification: NSAID Use(s): Rheumatoid arthritis, gout, closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants. Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, asthma, severe renal disease, severe renal disease, and severe hepatic disease Side Effects: N/V/D, ulceration, and perforation, GI bleeds, hematuria, Oliguria. Nursing implications: Assess renal, blood and liver status, eye and ear problems, for confusion.

Classification: Antiasthmatic Use(s): Severe perennial bronchial asthma, prevention of exerciseinduced asthma. Not for treatment of acute asthma attacks. Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the sensitized mast cell, preventing further release of chemical mediators after the initial response. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose, status asthmaticus. Side Effects: Throat irritation, cough, nasal congestion, and rhinitis, burning eyes, N/V, bitter taste. Nursing implications: Assess pulmonary function test, respiratory status

Trade Name:

Intal

Trade Name:

Aspirin

( acetylsalicylic acid ASA)

Classification: Antiasthmatic Use(s): Allergic rhinitis, severe perennial asthma, prevention of exercise induced bronchial asthma, asthma induced by pollutants. Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the sensitized mast cell, preventing further release of chemical mediators. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose, status asthmaticus Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, neuritis, urinary frequency, dysuria, nausea, vomiting. Nursing implications: Assess eosinophil, respiratory status.

Classification: Non-narcotic analgesic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiplatelet Use(s): Mild to moderate pain or fever, prophylaxis of MI, angina & ischemic stroke Action: Blocks pain impulses at the CNS, antipyretic, decreases platelet aggregation, prolongs bleeding Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to ASA, yellow #5, GI bleed, Children <12 years old, children with flu-like symptoms, peptic ulcer. Side Effects: convulsion, GI bleed, hepatitis, and Reyes syndrome, decreases hearing acuity, gastric irritation Nursing implications: Assess Liver function, renal function, blood studies, I&O ratio. Do not give with Ibuprofen, take with food

Trade Name:

Alupent

Trade Name :

Solu-Cortef

Classification: Corticosteroid Classification: Bronchodilator selective B2 agonist Use(s): Bronchial asthma, bronchial spasm. Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by direct action on B2 Adrenergic receptors. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, narrow angle glaucoma. Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and increased bronchospasm, cardiac arrest. Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, for tolerance. Nursing implications: Assess mental status, weight, B/P, I&O, infection, edema, hypertension. Use(s): Severe inflammation, septic shock, adrenal insufficiency, ulcerative colitis, collagen disorders. Action: Decreases inflammation by suppression of leukocytes reverses capillary permeability. Contraindications: Psychosis, hypersensitivity, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, fungal infections, bronchial disease, children <2 years old, aids, TB. Side Effects: Circulatory collapse, thrombophlebitis, and embolism, thrombocytopenia, GI hemorrhage.

Trade Name:

Theophylline

Trade Name:

Proventil/Ventolin

Classification: Spasmolytic, bronchodilator Use(s): Bronchial asthma, broncho-spasm of COPD, chronic bronchitis. Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by blocking phosphodiesterase. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to xanthine, tachydysrhythmias. Side Effects: Convulsions, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, and headache,restlessness, irritability, insomnia, dizziness. Adverse CNS reactions often more severe in children Nursing implications: Assess Theophylline level, heart rate, respiratory status, for allergic reactions, monitor blood levels. If dose missed call MD before doubling.

Classification: Adrenergic B2-agonist, sympathomimetic, bronchodilator Use(s): Prevention of exercise induced asthma, bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, or other respiratory diseases. Action: Causes bronchodilation by interacting with B2 receptors, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, tachydysrhythmias, severe cardiac disease, and heart block. Side Effects: Palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and increased bronchospasm. Nursing implications: Assess the need for the drug, respiratory function, ability to self medicate, evidence of allergic Reactions

Trade Name:

Accutane

(isotretirion) Trade Name:

Classification: Antiacne agent Use(s): Rarely used for severe recalcitrant acne Action: Unknown Contraindications: hypersensitivity, inflamed skin, pregnancy Side Effects: Pseudotumor cerebri, hyperostosis, hepatotoxicity, chelitis, dry skin, skin fragility, pruritus, dry mouth, depression. Fetal abnormalities Nursing implications: caution if psychiatric disorder.

Brethine

(terbutaline)

Classification: Selective B2 agonist; Bronchodilator Use(s): Bronchospasm, hyperkalemia, and premature labor. Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by acting on B2 Adrenergic receptors that relax bronchial smooth muscle. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, narrow angle glaucoma, tachydysrhythmias. Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and cardiac arrest. Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, vitals, and tolerance to treatment, monitor FHTs, uterine activity

Trade Name:

Azulfidine

(sulfasalazine)

Trade Name:

Aminophylline

Classification: Anti-inflammatory Use(s): Ulcerative colitis, used for rheumatoid arthritis in pts who are unresponsive to or intolerant to NSAIDS. Action: anti-inflammatory in connective tissue. A prodrug that delivers sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid to the colon. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or salicylates, pregnancy @ term, child <2 years old, intestinal/urinary obstruction. Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, N/V/D, abdominal pain, hepatitis, convulsions, skin and urine discoloration may occur Nursing implications: Assess kidney function studies, for blood dyscrasis, allergic reaction. Administer after meals

Classification: Spasmolytic Use(s): Bronchial asthma, bronchial spasm, Cheyne-Stokes respiration. wheezing Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, and produces bronchodilation. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to xanthines, tachydysrhythmias Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, tachypnea. Nursing implications: Assess: Theophylline levels, respiratory status, allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Nix (permethrin) Classification: Antiparasitic-Pediculicide Use(s): Lice, ticks, nits, flea nits Action: disrupts parasitic nerve cells. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Side Effects: Burning, pruritus, erythema, numbness, tingling. Nursing implications: Assess for signs of infection. Identify sources of infection.

Trade Name:

Kwell

(lindane)

Classification: Scabicide, pediculicide. Use(s): Scabies, Lice, nits. Action: Stimulates the nervous system of arthropods, causing seizures and death of organism. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; premature neonate; pts with seizure disorders, inflammation of skin, or breaks in skin. Side Effects: Pruritis, rash, irritation, contact dermatitis, aplastic anemia, seizures Nursing implications: Assess for organisms prior to/after treatment. Identify sources of infection.

Trade Name:

Norplant

Trade Name:

Urecholine

(bethanechol)

Classification: Contraceptive system Use(s): Prevention of pregnancy for 5 years. Action: Progestin that inhibits secretion of gonadotropins & prohibits follicular maturation. Contraindications: , pregnancy, and liver disease/tumors, breast carcinoma. Side Effects: dizziness, HA, nervousness, vaginitis. Nursing implications: Assess for jaundice, acne, and menstrual irregularities.

Classification: Cholinergic stimulant. Use(s): Urinary retention (postoperative, postpartum); neurogenic atony of the bladder with retention. Action: Stimulates the muscarinc Ach receptors directly; mimics parasympathetic NS stimulation, stimulates GI motility/Micturition. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe Bradycardia, asthma, hypotension, PUD, CAD, COPD. Side Effects: Rash, N/V/Bloody diarrhea, Cardiac arrest, circulatory collapse, acute asthma, dyspnea, bronchoconstriction. Nursing implications: Assess vitals, I&O, Assess for abnormal HR/Rhythm and respiratory issues D/C if develop. Give on an empty stomach

Trade Name(s)

Xylocaine
Trade Name:

Classification: Anesthetics local Use(s):

Danocrine

(danazol)

Nerve block for pain

Classification: androgen Use(s): endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and prevention of heredity angioedema. Action: Decreases FSH, LH which leads to amenorrhea / anovulation. Contraindications: Severe renal/cardiac/hepatic disease, , pregnancy. Side Effects: Rash, acne, dizziness, mood change, cramps, BP Nursing implications: Assess K+, mental status, hypercalcemia, I&O.

Action : Inhibits conduction of nerve impulses from sensory Nerves. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, application to large areas Side Effects : Rash, irritation, and sensitization Nursing implications : Assess pain, assess for any infection,

evaluate response, redness, swelling, pain.

Trade Name(s)

Duramorph

Trade Name(s)

Novocain

Classification: Anesthetics: Opiate analgesic Use(s): Severe pain Action : Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord

Classification: Local anesthetic Use(s ): Spinal, epidermal, periph. nerve block, & perineum,

lower extremities, infiltration.

Action : Completes w/ Ca+ for sites in nerve membrane that

level by interacting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications : hypersensitivity, addiction, hemorrhage,

bronchial asthma, increased intracranial pressure.

Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, headache,

sedation, euphoria, palpitations, bradycardia, change in B/P, n/v, rash, respiratory depression. Nursing implications: Assess: Pain Bowel status I&O Vitals CNS Respiratory depression Allergic reactions

controls Na+ transport across the cell membrane; decreases rise of depolarization phase of action potential. Contraindications : Hypersens., children 12, severe liver disease. Side Effects: Palpatations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, & HA. Nursing implications : Assess : VS, HFT if used during labor, allergic reactions, rash urticaria, itching, as well as cardiac status. Administer: Only clear drugs, only with resuscitative equipment nearby, only use drugs w/o preservatives for epidural or caudal anesthesia.

Trade Name(s)

Nesacaine

Trade Name(s)

Marcaine

Classification : Local anesthetic Use(s): Epidural, peripheral block, caudal anesthesia, &

Classification: Local anesthetic Use(s): Epidural, peripheral block, caudal anesthesia, &

infiltration block.
Action: Competes with calcium for sites in the nerve membrane

Infiltration, block
Action: Block nerve impulses at the point of contact in all kinds

that control sodium transport. Thus slowing the depolarization phase of the action potential.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, children <12 years, severe

of nerves.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Side Effects: Anxiety, dizziness, HA, restlessness, tremor, HTN

liver disease.
Side Effects: Seizures, loss of consciousness, myocardial

palpitations, tachycardia, anginal pain.

Nursing implications: Monitor for cyanosis, angina

depression, arrest, dysrhythmias, status asthmaticus, respiratory arrest, anaphylaxis. Nursing implications: VS, FHTs. Look for allergic reactions.

Trade Name(s) Trade Name:

Demerol

(meperidine hydrochloride)

Vitamin K

(aqua mephyton)

Classification: Opiate analgesic. Narcotic analgesic Use(s): Pain control Action: Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord

Classification: Vitamin K, Fat-soluble vitamin Use(s): Vitamin K malabsorption, to prevent hemorrhage, prevents hemorrhagic disease Action: Needed for adequate blood clotting, factors 2, 7, 9, 10 Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe hepatic disease, last few weeks of pregnancy. Side Effects: HA, brain damage, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria & hyperbilirubinemia. Nursing implications: Assess for bleeding (emesis, stools, urine) Check PTT, nutritional status (is K intake adequate?)

level by interacting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications :: Hypersensitivity, addiction. Side Effects: Increased ICP, seizures, respiratory depression,

drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, headache, sedation, & euphoria

Nursing implications: Assess pain, renal function, I&O,

constipation, allergic reaction, respiratory rate, in labor do not give if delivery is expected within 2-4 hours

Trade Name(s):

Stadol

(butorphanol) Trade Name(s):

Classification : Narcotic analgesic, opiate analgesic Use(s): Moderate to severe pain. Action: Decreases pain impulse at the spinal cord level by

Nubain

Classification: Opioid analgesic

Use(s): Moderate to severe pain Action: Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord level by interacting with opioid receptors. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity and addiction. Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, HA, sedation, euphoria, N/V, anorexia, constipation, and cramps. Nursing implications: I&O, CNS changes, dizziness, need for medication, allergic reactions.

interacting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications : Hypersensitivity, addiction, CHF, myocardial

infarction

Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, confusion, sedation, euphoria, n/v, anorexia, constipation, cramps. Respiratory depression, pulmonary HTN.
Side Effects: Nursing implications: Assess pain, decreased output, CNS changes,

allergic Rx and respiratory dysfunction.

Trade Name(s):

Narcan

(naloxone)

Trade Name:

Morphine Sulfate

Classification: Opioid antagonist Use(s): Reverses narcotics, treat respiratory depression caused by narcotics and narcotic overdose Action: Competes with opioids at opiate receptor sites. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects : Drowsiness, nervousness, Rapid pulse, V-Tach,

Classification: Opiate analgesic Use(s): Severe pain Action: Depress pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord level by interacting with opioid receptors Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, addiction, hemorrhage, bronchial asthma, increase ICP. Side Effects: Nursing implications: Assess need for pain medication, respiratory depression, and allergic reactions. Antidote is Narcan

V-Fib.
Nursing implications: Withdrawal symptoms, respiratory & cardiac

status, pain.

Trade Name:

Versed

(midazolam)

Trade Name:

Sublimaze

Classification: Sedative, hypnotic Use(s): Pre-op, general induction, sedation for procedures. Action: Binds to Benzodiazepine receptors, induces amnesia Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, shock, coma, Etoh ingestion, acute narrow angle glaucoma. Side Effects: Apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, retrograde amnesia Nursing implications: injection site, vital signs, and signs of apnea

Classification: Narcotic analgesic Use(s): Pre-op, post-op, adjunct to general anesthetic Action: Inhibits ascending pain pathways Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to opiates, myasthenia gravis Side Effects: Bradycardia, arrest, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest. Nursing implications: Vital signs

Trade Name :

Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

Trade Name:

Classification: Antibacterial Use(s): prevention of gonococal conjunctivitis and chiamydial conjunctivitis Action bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal based on concentration and target organism Contraindications: none Side Effects: chemical conjunctivitis Nursing implications: place in. ribbon of ointment in the lower conjunctival sac within 1 hour of delivery

Achromycin ophthalmic ointment

Classification: Antibacterial Use(s): prevents neisseria gonorrhea, ophthalmic neonatorium Action bacteriostatic Contraindications: none Side Effects: chemical conjunctivitis Nursing implications: place in. ribbon of ointment in the lower conjunctival sac within 1 hour of delivery

Trade Name: Trade Name:

Toradol

(ketorolac)

Hepatitis B Vaccine

Classification: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory/nonopioid analgesic. Use(s): Mild to moderate pain. Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, asthma, renal disease, PUD, lactation, CV bleed. Side Effects: Gi Bleeds, perforation, Dysuria, Hematuria Nursing implications: For ASA sensitivity, pain characteristics, bleeding time, tinnitus.

Classification: Immune Globulin Use(s): Prevention of Hepatitis B virus in exposed patients Action: Provides passive immunity to Hepatitis B Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to immune globulins, coagulation disorders Side Effects: Soreness at injection site, angioedema, anaphylaxis Nursing implications: For history of anaphylaxis to vaccines.

Trade/Generic Name: Classificationn: NSAID

Motrin/Advil/Ibuprofen

Trade Name: chlorpropamide (Glucamide) 100-750mg/day Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Hyperglycemia, Adjunct to diet, exercise to glucose levels w/ Mild to mod.Type 2 DM. Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin. Potentiates ADH. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation, pregnancy. Side Effects: parasthesia, fatigue, dizziness, vertigo, malaise, HA, tinnitus, N/V, heartburn, epigastric distress, rash, urticaria. Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly, malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Use(s): Fever, dental pain, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, and antiinflammatory, antipyretic. Contraindications: PUD, asthma, and severe renal/hepatic disease. Side Effects: N/V/D, dizziness, light-headedness, fatigue Nursing implications: For pain, fever/temp, and for a history of contraindications.

Trade Name: tolbutamide (Orinase) 100-1,000mg/day Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Hyperglycemia, Adjunct to diet, exercise to glucose levels w/ Mild to mod.Type 2 DM. Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin. Contraindications: Hypersens., sole agent for Type 1, pregnant or lactating, DKA. Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly, malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Trade Name:

acetohexamide

(Dymelor)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Hyperglycemia, Adjunct to diet, exercise to glucose levels w/ Mild to mod.Type 2 DM. Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin. Potentiates ADH. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation. Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly, malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Trade Name:

tolazamide

(Tolinase)

Trade Name:

glipizide

(Glucatrol)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Hyperglycemia, Adjunct to diet, exercise to glucose levels w/ Mild to mod.Type 2 DM. Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin. Potentiates ADH. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation, pregnancy Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly, malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-2nd Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Stable adult onset DM type II, NIDDM. Action: Causes functioning pancreas cells to release insulin. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle Diabetes. Side Effects: N/V/D, headache, dizziness, hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia. Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reactions that can occur soon after a meal. Assess blood and urine glucose levels after treatment.

Trade Name:

glyburide

(Diabeta,Micronase)

Trade Name:

Pioglitazone hydrochloride

(NDH) (Actos)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-2nd Generation Sulfonureas Use(s): Stable adult onset DM (NIDDM) Action: Causes functioning Beta cells in the pancreas to release insulin. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle Diabetes Side Effects: Headache, weakness, N/V/D, Rash, Hypoglycemia Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reaction that can occur after meals.

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-NEW Use(s): Stable adult onset DM Action: insulin sensitivity by hepatic glucose metabolism Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Thiazolidinedione, lactation, children, DKA, Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, aggravated DM, URTI, Pharyngitis, HA, edema, HDL. Nursing implications: Assess for Hypo/hyperglycemic reactions, Monitor CBGs, LFTs, CBC. Caution w/ CHF.

Trade Name:

metformin

(Glucophage)

Trade Name :

insulin: Lispro / Lente / Regular/ Semilente/ NPH / Ultralente /70-30

Classification: Insulins Use(s): DM type I ,ketoacidosis in DM type I & II, PTs. on TPN or G tube feeding. See pharm book for peak, onset and duration times Action: blood sugar by facilitating the uptake & metabolism if glucose by insulin dependent cells. Also inhibits hepatic glucose production & the breakdown of glycogen, protein & fat, while it promotes the formation of glycogen, protein & triglycerides. Contraindications: Hypersensitive to protamine, Hypoglycemia, NPO status, Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, anaphylaxis, hepatotoxicity. Nursing implications: CBGs (fasting & during treatment), rotate injection sites, Monitor signs of hypoglycemia. Peak times as per pharm book, Regular insulin acts quickly. Humalog acts quicker than

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-Biguanides Use(s): Stable adult onset diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) Action: Inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases sensitivity of insulin dependent cells. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, hepatic, renal disease, alcoholism, cardiopulmonary disease, history of lactic acidosis. Side Effects: N/V/D, rash, headache, weakness, dizziness. Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reaction, assess CBC, for lactic acidosis.

Trade Name:

rosiglitazone maleate

(NDH) (Avandia)

Trade Name:

Estrogen/Progesterone

(comb.)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-NEW Use(s): Stable adult onset DM, NIDDM. Action: Improves insulin resistance by hepatic glucose metabolism. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Thiazolidinediones Side Effects: Hypo/hyperglycemia, fatigue, Headache Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reactions, blood studies

Classification: Contraceptives Use(s): Birth Control. Action: the release of FSH & LH. Contraindications: Pregnancy, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic disorders, estrogen dependent CA of the breast or reproductive organs. Side Effects: Fluid retention, N/V, cramping, constipation, hyperpigmentation, HTN, risk of MI, Nursing implications: Monitor for adverse reactions.

Trade Name:

glucagon

Trade Name:

Progesterone only

Classification: Oral hyperglycemic agent (occurs naturally in body also) Use(s): Sever hypoglycemia, insulin antagonist Action: Converts hepatic glycogen to glucose. Contraindications: hypoglycemia, Side Effects: Hypersens., Pt. W/ pheochromocytoma, hyperglycemia, hypotension, N/V, urticaria, resp. distress. Nursing implications: Monitor CBGs, VS, S/S of hyperglycemia. Initial dose is IM effect in 5-20 minutes. IV for severe hypoglycemia. Destroyed by the GI tract.

Classification: Progesterone Use(s): Contraception, amenorrhea, PMS, abnormal uterine bleeding. Action: Inhibits secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which prevents follicular maturation. Contraindications: Breast CA, pregnancy, thrombolytic disorders. Side Effects: Dizziness, HA, migraine, fatigue, depression, stroke, embolism, MI, spontaneous Abortion Nursing implications: Assess Weight, B/P, I&O, edema, HTN.

Trade Name:

Depo- Provera

Trade Name:

Ergotrate Maleate

Classification: Antineoplastic, hormone Use(s): Uterine bleeding, endometrial / renal cancer, and secondary amenorrhea Action: Inhibits secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which prevents maturation and ovulation. Contraindications: Breast/reproductive CA, , pregnancy, thrombolytic disorders. Side Effects: Stroke, PE, MI, N/V, spontaneous AB. Nursing implications: Assess Weight, B/P, I&O, edema, HTN.

Classification: Oxytocic Use(s): Postpartum or postabortion hemorrhage Action: Stimulates uterine contractions and vascular smooth muscle, decreases bleeding. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to ergot medications, augmentation of labor, before delivery of placenta, threatened AB Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, fainting, HTN, Chest pain, N/V Nursing implications: Assess for ergotism, vitals, and fundal tone.

Trade Name:

RU486

(mifepristone)

Trade Name:

Nupercainal Ointment

Classification: Contraceptives Dose: 600 mg PO Use(s): Early Pregnancy Termination Action: Inhibits progesterone receptors. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, ectopic preg., IUD use, anticoagulants, cortico-steriods, chronic adrenal failure, bleeding disorder. Side Effects: Incomplete abortion, hemorrhage fetal malformation, vag. Bleeding, abd cramps, abd pain, N/V, HA, Nursing implications: Monitor for adverse reactions.

Classification: Topical anesthetics Use(s): Minor external irritation Action: Inhibits the conduction of nerve impulses from sensory nerves Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, large areas, Less than 1 year old. Side Effects: Rash, irritation, and sensitization Nursing implications: Assess pain, do not use until infection is treated, remove any scales or crust before applying medication

Trade/generic: Class:
Ind:

Methergine

(methylergonovine maleate)

Trade Name:

Epifoam

Oxytocic, Uterine Motility Agent: Ergot Alkaloid Treatment of PPH or postabortion, uterine contractions, uterine

Classification: Topical Glucocorticoids Use(s): Contact dermatitis Action: Antipruritic, anti-inflammatory Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, viral and fungal infections. Side Effects: Acne, atrophy, epidermal thinning, purpura, and striae. Nursing implications: Assess for a temperature, and for systemic absorption leading to a temperature.

atont

Route : PO, IM, PR Action: Stimulates uterine, vascular, smooth muscle, causing

contractions & bleeding

Contra: Hypersensitivity to ergot preparations, in labor,

before delivery of placenta, hypertension, PID,.

S/E:

N/V, HA, dizziness, dyspnea, cramping, chest pain, hypertension & dysrhythmias monitor vitals, character & amt. of vag.bdg & watch for hemorrhage.

RN:

Trade Name:

Syntocinon Nasal Spray

Trade Name:

Colace

Classification: Oxytocic Use(s): Stimulation or induction of labor; missed or incomplete abortion; postpartum bleeding. Action: Acts directly on myofibrils, producing uterine contractions; stimulates milk ejection by the breast. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, serum toxicity, fetal distress, and hypertonic uterus. Side Effects: convulsions, tetanic contractions. Hypo/Hyper-tension, Brady/tachy-cardia, abruptio placenta, decreased uterine blood flow. Nursing implications: I&O, respiration, B/P and pulse (watch for hemorrhage) Length of contractions.

Classification: Laxative, emollient Use(s): To soften stools Action: Increases water and fat penetration in the intestine; allows for easier passage of the stool Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, obstruction, fecal impaction, and nausea/vomiting. Side Effects: Nausea, cramps, diarrhea, rash, bitter taste, throat irritation. Nursing implications: Causes of constipation, bleeding, N/V

Trade Name:

Proctofoam

Trade Name:

Surfak

Classification: Topical anesthetics Use(s): Rectal pain and itching, post partum hemorrhoids Action: Inhibits conduction of nerve impulses Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, infants less than 1 year of age. Side Effects: Rash, irritation, and sensitization. Nursing implications: Assess for pain and infection.

Classification: Laxative, emollient Use(s): To soften stools Action: Increases water and fat penetration in the intestine; allows for easier passage of the stool Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, obstruction, fecal impaction, and nausea/vomiting. Side Effects: Nausea, cramps, diarrhea, rash, bitter taste, throat irritation. Nursing implications: Causes of constipation, bleeding, N/V.

Trade Name:

Zantac

Trade Name :

Rubella Vaccine

Classification: H2-histamine receptor antagonist Use(s): Duodenal ulcer, H. Pylori, ERD

Classification: Vaccines & toxoids Use(s): Rubella immunization

Action: Inhibits histamine sites, which ceases acid production Action: Promotes immunity by causing antibodies to be produced. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects: HA, Sleeplessness, confusion, hepatotoxicity. Nursing implications: I&O, Bun, Creatine, mental status, GI complaints. Contraindications: immunosuppressed, CA, blood dyscrasia, GG disorders, TB, do not get pregnant for 3 months Side Effects: HA, malaise, rash, pain, erythema, sore throat, Nursing implications: Watch for anaphylaxis. Give SQ

Trade Name(s): Trade Name:

Yutopar

( ritodrine)

Dulcolax

Class:

Tocolytic, uterine relaxant. Management of premature labor.

Classification: Laxative, stimulant Use(s): Short term treatment of constipation, bowel or rectal preparation for surgery/examination Action: Acts directly on the intestines by increasing motor activity Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, rectal problems, N/V, acute abdomen, obstruction Side Effects: muscle weakness, N/V, cramps Nursing implications: Assess cause of constipation, monitor blood/urine/electrolytes if used often by the patient. Assess for cramping or rectal bleeding.

Ind:

Route: PO, IV Action: frequency & intensity of uterine contractions

by stimulating beta-2 receptors in uterine smooth muscle. 20th week of pregnancy, bronchial asthma.

Contra: hypersens, eclampsia, HTN, dysrhythmias, before

S/E:

Erythema, rash, dyspnea, hyperventilation, glycosuria, lactic acidosis, hyperglycemia, Hypokalemia, nervousness, tremors. Maternal & FHT, EKG, intensity & length of contractions, fluid intake.

RN:

Trade/generic: Trade Name:

Pitocin

(oxytocin) Syntocinon

RhoGAM

Class:

Oxytocic

Classification: Immunizing agent Use(s): Prevention of isoimmunization in Rh negative women who are given Rh positive blood after abortions, miscarriages, and amniocentesis Suppress active antibiody response and formation of anti-Rh(D) in Rh negative clients exposed to Rh positive blood, promotes destruction of Rh positive fetal cells Action: Suppress the immune response of non-sensitized Rh cells, to sensitized cells, , blocks maternal antibody prodction Contraindications: Previous immunization with the drug Side Effects: Irritation at injection site, fever, lethargy, myalgia Nursing implications: For allergic reactions,

Route: IM, IV, spray Ind: Stimulates or induces labor; for missed or incomplete Abortion, PPH, preeclampsia, eclampsia, PROM.

Action: Acts directly on myofibrils, producing uterine contractions; stimulates milk ejection by the breast. Contra: Hypers., serum toxemia, fetal distress, hypert. uterus, PPH, GI disturbance, diapheresis, HA, dizziness. S/E: RN: Convulsions, tetanic contractions, abruptio placenta, uterine blood flow I&O, VS, FHTs

Trade Name(s):

Magnesium Sulfate

Trade Name:

MMR vaccine

Classification: Electrolyte, anticonvulsant Use(s ): Smooth muscle relaxant, inhibit or prevent pre-term labor ,uterine hyperstimulation, anticonvulsant Action: Contraindications: Side Effects : Muscle weakness, flushing, sweating, confusion,

Classification: vaccine Use(s): prevention of measles, mumps, and rubella Action: produces antibodies to measles, mumps and rubella Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, anemia, active infection, allergy to eggs/chickens, pregnancy, febrile illness. Side Effects: anaphylaxis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and blindness associated with optic neuritis Nursing implications: Watch for skin reactions and anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, inability to breathe, must dilute with specific diluent that comes with the medication. Instruct female patients not to get pregnant for 3 months

sedation, depressed reflexes, flaccidity, paralysis, hypothermia, nausea, vomiting, cramps, hypotension, heart block, circulatory collapse.
Nursing implications: Assess for magnesium toxicity, cramping,

bleeding. In PIH prevents seizures. Calcium gluconate is the antagonist.

Trade Name(s):

Prostaglandin
Gen./Trade Name: Vitamins A, D, E, K
Classification: fat soluble Use(s): A-night blindness, D-maintains Ca & P homeostasis, E-antioxidant platelet aggregation, K-clotting factors. Action: Catalysts for biochemical and metabolic reactions. Contraindications: Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, N/V, fatigue, weakness, HA. dizziness, lethargy. Nursing implications: monitor bilirubin, hypersensitivity, bleeding, PT times.

Classification: hormone Use(s): To maintain patent ductus arteriosus Action: Relaxes the smooth muscle of the ductus arteriosus; this results in increased o2 content in the body Contraindications : hypersensitivity, respiratory distress syndrome. Side Effects: Sepsis, peritonitis, apnea, bradycardia, wheezing, respiratory depression, DIC, cerebral bleed, dysrhythmias Nursing implications: ABGs, apnea, bradycardia

Trade Name:

DPT vaccine

Trade Name:

Iron

Classification: Vaccine, toxoid Use(s): Prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Action: Provides immunity by stimulating antibody/antitoxin production. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, active infection, immunosuppression, and febrile illness Side Effects: seizures, N/V, anaphylaxis, encephalopathy Nursing implications: for skin reactions, inability to breath, bronchospasm.

Classification: Vitamin Use(s): To prevent maternal deficiency. Action: Replaces iron stores needed for RBC development Contraindications: Side Effects: N/V/D, constipation, black or red tarry stools, epigastric pain. Nursing implications: Liquid forms should be diluted to prevent discoloration of teeth.

Gen./Trade Name: bile salts (Bilron)

Classification: Digestive agents Use(s): Initiate bile flow from the liver. Once used to treat pts. w/ biliary fistula & resection of the ileum. Used infrequently today. Action: Bile salts are converted to cholic acid & chenodeoxycholic acid. They conjugate w/ glycerine & taurine to form bile acids. Then the salts of the bile acids are secreted in the bile. Contraindications: Hepatic dysfunction, obstruction, N/V, abd. pain. Side Effects: Abd. cramping, diarrhea, MM resistance to acid, colic, HCl can damage tooth enamel RN implications: Monitor for abd pain, colic.

Trade Name:

Reglan

Classification: cholinergic Use(s): prevention of nausea and vomiting. Action: blocks dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or procainamide, seizure disorders, breast cancer Side Effects: Sedation, fatigue, restlessness, neutropenia, leukopenia. Nursing implications: Mental status, GI complaints.

Vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3, (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine), nicotinamide, C (ascorbic acid) Classification: Water Soluble Use(s): B1 -beriberi, B2 -skin, eyes, B3-pellagra, B6 seizures, C-scurvy Action: Catalysts for biochemical and metabolic reactions. Contraindications: Side Effects: Generally water soluble vitamins are nontoxic b/c excesses are excreted in urine. Nursing implications: Monitor for S/S of allergic reactions to parenteral thiamine.

Trade Name:

Zofran

(ondansetron)

Classification: Antiemetic Use(s): Prevention of N/V Action: Blocks serotonin Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects: Diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue. Nursing implications: For hypersensitivity

Trade Name:

Folic Acid

Trade Name:

Atropine Sulfate

Classification: Vitamin Use(s): To assist with a normal pregnancy. Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Allergic bronchospasm, rash, Pruritis, Erythema, malaise. Nursing implications: A client trying to get pregnant should take folic acid 3-6 months before conception.

Classification: Antidysrhythmic, anticholinergic, parasympatholytic Use(s): Bradycardias, blocks vagal response, pre-surgery to decrease secretions, increase heart rate and dilate pupils Action: Blocks ACH at parasympathetic receptors, decreases oral and respiratory secretions, muscarinic antagonist drug Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to belladonna alkaloids, tachycardia, GI obstruction, closed angle glaucoma, paralytic ileus Side Effects: Dry mouth, n/v tachycardia, blurred vision, decrease perspiration, constipation, urinary retention Nursing implications: I&O, EKG, respiratory status

Trade Name:

Riopan

Classification: Antacid Trade Name:

Calcium

Use(s): Antacid, PUD, gastric ulcers, indigestion. Action: Neutralizes gastric acidity.

Classification: Electrolyte Contraindications: hypersensitivity to this drug or aluminum Use(s): To manage hypocalcemia, to prevent deficits. Side Effects: Constipation, diarrhea, hypermagnesemia Action: Contraindications: Hypercalcemia, renal calculi, dig toxicity, V-Fib. Side Effects: N/V, pain, constipation, drowsiness, muscle weakness, HA. Nursing implications: Assess the need for Calcium intake. Nursing implications: GI status, Serum MG++ Levels if decreased liver function. Give after meals and atbedtime

Trade Name:

Antivert

(meclizine) Trade Name:

Classification: Antiemetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic Use(s): Vertigo, motion sickness Action: Acts by blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cyclizines, shock. Side Effects: Drowsiness, fatigue Nursing implications: V/S, signs of toxicity

Anectine

Classification: Neuromuscular blocker Use(s): Skeletal muscle relaxant Action: Inhibits transmission of nerve impulses Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Malignant hypothermia, penetrating eye injuries. Side Effects: Sinus arrest, dysrhythmias, prolonged apnea, bronchospasm. Nursing implications: Electrolyte imbalances, I&O ratio, allergic reactions.

Trade Name:

Inapsine

Trade Name:

Tagamet

Classification: neuroleptic Use(s): postoperatively for N/V Action: Acts on CNS at subcortical level, produces, tranquilization, sleep, Antiemetic. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, child <2 years old, pregnancy, lactation. Side Effects: Laryngospasm, bronchospasm, Tachycardia, hypotension. Nursing implications: Vital signs.

Classification: H2-histamine receptor antagonist Use(s): Short term treatment of GERD, duodenal and gastric ulcers Action: Inhibits histamine at the gastric acid site which inhibits secretion Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Side Effects: Convulsions, paralytic ileus, jaundice, neutropenia, increased PTT. Nursing implications: Assess I&O, bun, Creatine, and a CBC with differential monthly.

Trade Name:

Kytril

Trade Name: (granisetron)

Robinul

(glycopyrrolate)

Classification: Cholinergic blocker, anticholinergic Classification: Antiemetic Use(s): Prevention of N/V Action: Blocks serotonin Contraindications: hypersensitivity Side Effects: HA, anxiety, bronchospasm, leukopenia Side Effects: Dry mouth, constipation. Nursing implications: For Hypersensitivity reactions Nursing implications: I&O, constipation, mental status. Use(s): decreases secretions before surgery, PUD, Irritable bowel, reduces gastric secretions Action: Inhibits Ach in the autonomic nervous system Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma, child <3 Y.O., MI.

Trade Name: Classification: Trade Name:

RID

Gelsolin

Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Classification: Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Trade Name: Trade Name:

Triple Dye

DNase

Classification: Use(s): Prevent infection of umbilical cord and promotes drying of the cord Action Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Classification: Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Trade Name:

Multi- Vitamins

Trade Name:

Silver nitrate Solution

Classification: Classification: Vitamins Use(s): Use(s): To prevent birth defects Action: Action: Contraindications: Contraindications: Side Effects: Side Effects: Nursing implications: Nursing implications:

Trade Name:

Bicitra

Trade Name:

Dermoplast

Classification: OTC Classification: Use(s): Use(s):

Treating metabolic acidosis and certain kidney problems (eg, kidney stones).
Action: Contraindications:

Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Diarrhea; loose stools; nausea; upset stomach; vomiting

Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Trade Name:

Americain Spray

Trade Name:

Masse Cream

Classification: OTC Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Classification: OTC Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Trade Name:

Tucks

Trade Name:

Witch Hazel

Classification: Astringents-OTC Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications:

Classification: Astringents-OTC Use(s): Action: Contraindications: Side Effects: Nursing implications: