Basics Road Lighting Printout

Basics for roadlighting
Uwe Rabenstein LiDAC Hochschule Wismar April 8, 2009
Road lighting
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting
Freedom of design - Free arrangements of the luminares? - bright-/darkzones on the roadsurface? - Which luminare design?
Freedom of design - The safety for the traffic has abolute priority! - The arrangement of the luminare, spacing and height are results of the official standards. - Using Luminares with a good design is allowed. - Different light colours are possible, but the target is an efficacy lightinstallation.
Classification of roadlighting mainroads sideroads junction / roundabout tunnels / subway crossing shopping roads residential roads
Standards/recommendations for roadlighting

DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2; (ME-classes with appr. 0.5cd/m to 2cd/m); CIE 115-1995 DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2; (ME- or S-classes with appr. 0.5cd/m or 3lx resp. 7lx); CIE 115-1995 DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2; (CE-classes with 7.5lx to 50lx); CIE 115-1995 DIN 67524 part 1 to 2; RABT 2006
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 Teil 1 and 2; (CE- or S-classes); CIE 115-1995 DIN EN 13201 parts 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 Teil 1 and 2; (ME- or S-classes with appr. 0.3cd/m or 2lx resp. 10lx) ; CIE 115-1995
cd/m ? basics of light
lx?
Visual job: recognize objects on the road
- Ko
ntra s
luminance cd/m
illuminance lx
level of brightness 100000lx - sunlight
20000lx - cloudy sky in the summer
5000lx - cloudy sky in the winter betw. 2 and 30lx - roadlighting max. 1lx - moonlight
Requirements for roadlighting Negativ-contrast (dark object opposite to the bright background)
luminances illuminances uniformity Threshold increment
Laverage Ehaverage UL(along) UO(hole) TI
= 0,3 - 2,0 cd/m2 = 2 - 30 lux = 0.5 - 0.7 = min/average 0.3 - 0.4 = 10-20 %
10
Influence of the luminace level for the traffic
11
luminace of the road L
L p = q E hP
q = q ( , , )
12
Influence of the local uniformity for the traffic
13
uniformity U0 and UL Uniformity overall
U0 =
L
n
Uniformity along
UL = LRmin / LRmax
14
Glare?
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What is glare?
Glare is light in high differences of luminace in the field of view, which is created by luminares. This differences create a physiologicalpsychological effect which has influence to: Visual comfort Visual power
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Kinds of glare
Psychological glare (discomfort) -> create a discomfort and with a influence over a long period, the working capacity is reduced.
Physiological glare (disability glare) -> reduce the visiual power in kind of - visual sharpness - contrast recognization - lower working capacity
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Base for the visibility

is the contrast between difference objects.
Lo Lu Co = Lu
Co Lu Lo contrast luminance in the surrounding luminance on the object
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Influence from glare for the visibility

The contrast will be reduced between the two objects.
Lo Lu Co = Lu + Lv
Co Lu Lo Lv contrast luminance in the surrounding luminance on the object equivalent veiling luminance
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Threshold increment
influence from glare for visibility
20
10
Threshold increment
Object dimension = 8
21
Threshold increment
TI = 65
Lv = K
Lv Lu Ek k K equivalent veiling luminance adapted luminace illuminace in the eye of the observer
Lv 0.8 Lu
Ek
k =1
2
k
angle in grad between the line of view and the line of connection from observer to the luminare age factor (K=10 for a observer which is 23 years old)
22
11
Threshold increment
values for threshold increment
Threshold Increment (TI) > 15 10 < 10
Glare level disagreeable acceptable good
Achtung: Eine Beleuchtungsanlage kann am Beobachterauge die Schleierleuchtdichte erhhen, ohne notwendigerweise die mittlere Leuchtdichte im Gesichtsfeld zu erhhen.
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Threshold increment
age factor K= f(age of the observer)
24
12
Threshold increment
When is the Threshold increment procedure are valid?
The direction of view is in one line with the area which is observed. The observed area has to be in the field of view from the observer.
25
Threshold increment
Not more luminares has to be controlled as located in a 20 field of view.
20
30m
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13
Lightingdesign for a boulevard
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Information for a lighting design based on the DIN-standard - speed of the traffic - main user and other user which is allowed to use - impossible user - sectional view of the road (with/without middlelane) - number of traffic in the darkness (cars per hour and lane) - surroundbrightness and crime - intensity of bicycles - precaution for less traffic and parking cars - surface on the road (only for luminance calculation)
28
14
Information (example)
- Character: - average luminance - uniformity overall U0 - uniformity along UL - Character: - average illuminance - minimum illuminance mainroad 1.0cd/m 0.40 0.60 footpath 5lx 1lx
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Choose a luminare
30
15
Choose a luminare
31
Choose a luminare
32
16
Choose a luminare
IRIDIUM 252
IRIDIUM 253
KOFFER 70
MINIK OFFER
KOFFER 100
KOFFER 150
K OFFER 250
SGS 201
SGS 203
SGS 204
SEILKOFFER 70
SEILKOFFER 150
SEILKOFFER 250
Flache Ansatzleuchte
Flache Seilleuchte
RESIDIUM
33
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Asymmetrical floodlight
34
17
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: round and symmetrical optic
35
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Lineshape uplighting optic
36
18
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear small UrbanLine (S)
37
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear symmetrical with UrbanLine (SC)
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19
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear asymmetrical with UrbanLine (A)
39
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Roadlighting optic
40
20
41
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with roadlighting optic for T-lamps - height of the luminare regarding a good uniformity ME ideal acceptable minimum height of the luminare height of the luminare height of the luminare = road width +1m = road width = road width -1m 1-3 4-5 6
42
21
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with roadlighting optic for T-lamps - spacing of the luminare for ME-classes regarding a good uniformity ME ideal acceptable minimum spacing = height of the luminare x 4-5 spacing = height of the luminare x 5-6 spacing = height of the luminare x 6-7 1-3 4-5 6
43
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with roadlighting optic for T-lamps - spacing of the luminare for S-classes regarding a good uniformity Optic CT, OR, T Spacing Optic WB Spacing = height of the luminare x 8 - 10 = height of the luminare x 5 - 7
44
22
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with decorativ optics height of the luminare for S-classes regarding a good uniformity ideal acceptable minimum height of the luminare height of the luminare height of the luminare = road width = road width -1m = road width -2m
45
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with decorativ optics spacing of the luminare for S-classes regarding a good uniformity
Spacing
height of the luminare x 5 - 7
46
23
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting - Location of the poles location - Mounting on a arm Angle of the arm max. 15 appr. 2m to +2m behind the kerbstone
47
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting The values for the brightness is controlled by the lamppower. Which lamppower is necessary? This information can find in same design sheets or via calculation by software. Foundation for this is to have all the information on the pages before.
48
24
Reflector positions
Position 1
Position 3 (5)*
Position 5 (11)*
* sodium lamps (cosmopolis lamps)
49
Arrangement of luminares
singlesided central wallmounted
doublesided
Doublesided shifted
rope
50
25
51
52
26
53
54
27
55
56
28
Determination of the illuminance classes

www.planungstool.philips.com Calculux Road Wizard C:\Programme\Calculux\Road Wizard\road wizard.exe
Link for downloads of calculux and road wizard http://www.lighting.philips.com/de_de/tools_downloads/calculux/index. php?main=de_de&parent=1_8&id=de_de_calculux&lang=de
57
Software and tools for light calculation

Calculux 7.0 (Philips) DIALux 4.6 (DIAL) Relux 2009 (Relux) Designtools as PDF-Files (Philips) LCI Lightingdesign software (Prof. Stockmar)
58
29
Design tools
59
Pedestrian crossing
60
30
Pedestrian crossing basics (german standard DIN 67523)
Definition: b c w dL A F = roadwith = width of the pedestrian crossing = waiting area = spacing of the valuation grid = valuation points
61
Pedestrian crossing basics (german standard DIN 67523)

The evaluation has to be done separat in each driving direction.
Definition:
= valuation points
- Spacing of the valuation points on lane E-F max. 1m - height of the valuation level 1m
62
31
Pedestrian crossing without any additional light

DIN 67523-1 : 1988-04
Luminance (nominal value) Lm = 2cd/m
DIN 67523-1: 2009-XX

Average road luminance (maintenance value) Lm 1.5 cd/m
Uniformity overall
U0 = 0.4
Uniformity overall (Minimum)
U0 0.4
Class of the glare limitation
KB = 1
Uniformity along (Minimum)
Ul 0.7
Threshold increment (highest value)
TI 15 %
This lightsituation has to be realized min. 50m before and behind the pedestrian crossing.
Surround ratio (Minimum)
SR 0,5
Vertical illuminance on the axis E-F (maintenance value)
EV 4 lx
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Pedestrian crossing without any additional light
DIN 67523-1 : 1988-04

Average vertical illuminance on the axis in the middle of the pedestrian crossing (nominal value)
DIN 67523-1: 2009-XX

Average vertical illuminance on the axis in the middle of the pedestrian crossing (maintenance value)
Evm = 40 lx
Evm = 30 lx
Average vertical illuminance on each calculation points (nominal value)
Evmin 5 lx
Average vertical illuminance on each calculation points (maintenance value)
Evmin 4 lx
64
32
Pedestrian crossing - requirements
DIN 67523-1 : 1988-04

Luminance of the road (nominal value) Lm = 0.3cd/m
DIN 67523-1: 2009-XX

Average luminance of the road (maintenance value) ME6 Lm 0.3 cd/m
Uniformity overall
U0 > 0.3
Uniformity overall (Minimum)
U0 0.35
Klasse der Blendungsbegrenzung
KB = 1
Uniformity along (Minimum)
Ul 0.4
Diese Beleuchtungsverhltnisse mssen mindestens 100m vor und hinter und dem FG gegeben sein.
Threshold increment (Highest value)
TI 15 %
65
Pedestrian crossing design tools
66
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Pedestrian crossing design tools
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Pedestrian crossing - example
Fugngerberweg in Hessisch-Oldendorf
68
34
Roundabout
69
roundabaout luminare arrangement (standard)
70
35
Roundabout design tools
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Roundabout design tools
72
36
Roundabout - example
Aachen Europaplatz, Metronomis
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Car park lighting
74
37
Freedom of design - Free arrangements of the luminares? - Bright-/darkzones on the roadsurface? - Which luminare design?
75
Limitation for the design - safety for footsteps from persons are neccesarry - Visibility from persons/faces are benefical - The arrangement of the luminare, spacing and height are results of the official standards. - Using Luminares with a good design is allowed. Different light colours are possible, but the target is an efficacy lightinstallation
76
38
Standards/recommendations for car park lighting
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4 - Roalighting (light for official car parcs included) DIN EN 12464 part II - Light on outdoor workspaces (light for privat car parcs included)
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Requirements Visibility from steps, persons, objects and cars DIN EN 13201 illuminance Uniformity overall Ehaverage = 7.5 - 30 lux U0 = 0.40 12464 part II 5 20 lux 0.25
78
39
Colour of the light and colourrendering
SON Ra 25
CDM/CP O Ra 80
SOX Ra --
79
Rules of thumb for a car park lighting design Number of luminares n A B L Spacing anlong En x A x 1.25 B x L
n=
number of luminares area in m utilisationfactor for the installation Luminous flux from the luminare = height of the luminares x 3 ... 4 (along)
80
40
Standarddimension on a car park
detail
4.5-5m 2.5m
6-8m
81
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Asymmetrical floodlight
82
41
Possible luminare arrangement with floodlights
height = 8-10m
83
Choice regarding the lightdistribution: round and symmetrical optic
84
42
Possible luminare arrangement with lantern
height = 4-6m
85
86
43
Possible luminare arrangement with street lighting luminares
height = 6-8m
87
Valuation of the number of luminares regarding the utilisation factor method Dimension of the car park Dimension of the store Kind of luminare lamp/luminous flux utilisationfactor for installation 70m x 74m 53m x 31m Koffer 70 CPO-TW 60W/6800lm appr. 0.45 0.50
15lx x 3537m x 1.25 = 22 luminares Ax n = En x x 1.25 = 0.45 x 6800lm B L
88
44
Results of the lighting design via computer
1xCPO-TW 60W Lph = 6m
Em = 15.2lx g1 = 0.27
89
Decorative luminares for roadlighting
90
45
Energiesaving but how?
Full/normal operation
Each 2.luminare are switched off
Reduced operation
91
Thank you very much for your attention.
92
46
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Basics for roadlighting

Uwe Rabenstein LiDAC Hochschule Wismar April 8, 2009

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Standards/recommendations for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

cd/m ? basics of light

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Visual job: recognize objects on the road

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

level of brightness 100000lx - sunlight

20000lx - cloudy sky in the summer

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

luminances illuminances uniformity Threshold increment

Laverage Ehaverage UL(along) UO(hole) TI

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Influence of the luminace level for the traffic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

luminace of the road L

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Influence of the local uniformity for the traffic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

uniformity U0 and UL Uniformity overall

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Base for the visibility

Influence from glare for the visibility

influence from glare for visibility

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Threshold Increment (TI) > 15 10 < 10

Glare level disagreeable acceptable good

age factor K= f(age of the observer)

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Lightingdesign for a boulevard

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Asymmetrical floodlight

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: round and symmetrical optic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Lineshape uplighting optic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear small UrbanLine (S)

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear symmetrical with UrbanLine (SC)

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Linear asymmetrical with UrbanLine (A)

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Roadlighting optic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting

Choice regarding the lightdistribution: Roadlighting optic

LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting