Visual C#

V i s u a l C#.
N E T
-
-

2009
Microsoft Visual Studio .NET .

C# ,
: , .
,
, , ,
.
.
, , .
: , .
" ", 2009

ISBN 978-9941-14-593-3
http://www.gtu.ge/publishinghouse/
. ( , ,
) ( )
.
.

.

.

.............................................................................................................................................. 10
I . C# ............................................................................................................................................ 11
1. .......................................................................................................................................... 11
..............................................................................11
C# .NET Framework ................................................................................12
..................................................................................13
..................................................................................................................................... 13
.................................................................................................................................. 14
........................................................................................................................... 14
2. C# .................................................................................................................... 15
.............................................................................................................................15
........................................................................................................................................ 21
C# ......................................................................................................................21
.................................................................................................... 21
.......................................................................................................................... 21
............................................................................................................. 22
decimal ......................................................................................................................................... 23
char () ......................................................................................................................... 23
bool ............................................................................................................................................... 25
....................................................................................................................................... 26
.................................................................................................26
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........................................................................................ 27
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............................................................................................................ 28
............................................................................ 29
........................................................................................ 30
.......................................................................................................................32
........................................................................................................33
. ....................................................................................33
.............................................................................................................................36
(cast operator) ............................................................................... 37
........................................................................................... 38
3. .......................................................................................................... 41
...................................................................................................................41
if ....................................................................................................................................... 41
if .................................................................................................................. 41
. .................................................................. 42
switch .............................................................................................................................. 44
..................................................................................................................47
for ..................................................................................................................................... 47
......................................................................................................................................... 50
while ......................................................................................................................................... 51
do-while .................................................................................................................................... 52
.................................................................................................................52
break ................................................................................................................................ 52
continue ........................................................................................................................... 53
goto .................................................................................................................................. 54
...................................................................................................................54
4.
, ........................................................ 56
...............................................................................................................................................56
........................................................................................................ 56
.......................................................................................................... 58
("") ......................................................................................60
Length ....................................................................................................................................61
foreach ......................................................................................................................................62
.................................................................................................................64
&, |, ^ ~ ............................................................................................ 65
........................................................................................................................... 68
........................................................................................................................................69
5. , , ......................................................................................... 71
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.................................................................................75
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..............................................................................................................................81
" " .......................................................................................83
this ...........................................................................................................................83
................................................................................................................................85
............................................................................................................................86
....................................................................................................................................87
............................................................................................88
6. . ............................................................. 90
................................................................................................90
......................................................................91
ref out .............................................................................................................93
ref ............................................................................................................................. 93
out ............................................................................................................................ 94
params ......................................................................................................................95
..............................................................................................97
. .....................................................................................98
................................................................................................. 101
this ............................. 103
........................................................................................................................................... 104
.............................................................................................................. 105
static ....................................................................................................................... 105
.......................................................................................................................................... 107
......................................................................................................... 107
7. . ................................................................... 109
................................................................................................ 109
protected ................................................................................................................ 111
. base ............................................ 112
...................................................................... 114
.............................................................................. 116
..................................................... 119
................................................................................................................ 120
................................................................................................................... 126
..................................................................................................... 130
............................................................................................................ 130
......................................................................................................... 131
object ....................................................................................................................................... 132
8. , ........................................ 133
.......................................................................................................................................... 133
................................................................................................................................ 135
........................................................................................ 135
.................................................................................. 138
........................................................................................................ 140
...................................................................................................................... 141
................................................................................... 141
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.................................................... 145
9. , , ..................................... 146
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.......................................................................................................... 159
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............................................................................................................................. 164
.................................................................................................. 165
............................................................................................................................ 166
.................................................................................................. 166
using ................................................................................................................................ 167
....................................................................................................... 168
................................................................... 170
10. - .............................................................................................. 171
- .......................................................................................... 171
........................................................................................................................... 171
................................................................................................................... 174
.......................................................................................................................... 174
FileStream ................................................................................................................................ 174
........................................................................................................... 174
....................................................................................................... 175
................................................................................................................ 176
- ...................................................................................... 178
StreamWriter ........................................................................................................................... 178
StreamReader .......................................................................................................................... 179
................................................................................. 179
BinaryWriter ........................................................................................................................... 179
BinaryReader .......................................................................................................................... 180
................................................................................................. 182
........................................................................................... 183
.................................................................................................................. 186
.............................................................................................................................. 189
NetworkStream ....................................................................................................................... 191
MemoryStream BufferedStream .................................................................................... 193
- .............................................................................. 194
11. .............................................................................................. 197
..................................................... 197
try catch ........................................................................................................................ 198
try catch ........................................................................ 201
catch ............................................................................................. 205
.............................................................................. 205
try ................................................................................................................... 206
.............................................................. 207
finally ..................................................................................................................................... 208
.......................................................................... 210
checked unchecked .............................................................................................. 211
............................................................................................................................................ 213
.......................................................................................................... 213
............................................................................................... 213
................................................................... 217
12. ................................................................................................................................. 219
....................................................................................................................................... 219
.............................................................................................. 219
..................................................................................................................... 228
............................................................................................................. 228
................................................................................................................. 229
....................................................................................................... 229
StringBuilder .......................................................................... 231
II . C# ............................................................................................ 233
13. , ............................................................................. 233
............................................................................................................................... 233
....................................................................................................................... 241
14. ............................................................................................................................... 246
........................................................................................................................ 246
- ................................................................................................................................... 255
.................................................................................................................... 258
................................................................................................................................................ 263
.............................................................................................................................................. 264
.............................................................................................................................. 266
15. ............................................................................................................ 269
................................................................................................. 269
........................................................................................................... 271
.......................................................................................... 274
.......................................................................................... 275
............................................................................ 277
..................................................................................................... 279
Timer ........................................................................................................................................ 279
Join() .................................................................................................................................... 281
lock ......................................................................................................................... 282
Interlocked .............................................................................................................................. 286
Monitor .................................................................................................................................... 288
Mutex ....................................................................................................................................... 289
16. .................................................................................... 292
................................................................................................................................... 292
.............................................................................................................................................. 296
................................................................................................. 300
............................................................................................................. 303
.......................................................................................................................... 304
.......................................................................................................... 305
............................................................................................. 308
........................................................................................................ 309
....................................................................................................... 311
......................................................................................................... 311
III . ................................................................................................................ 316
17. ADO.NET ............................................................................................................. 316
............................................................................................................................................ 316
Visual Studio .NET- ...................................... 317
ADO.NET ............................................................................................................................ 321
......................................................................... 321
................................................................................................ 322
................. 323
................................................................................................................. 334
............................................................................................................................. 335
............................................................................................................................................ 336
....................................................................................................................................... 336
.................................................................................................. 338
ADO.NET .................................................... 339
SELECT .................................................................................................... 339
INSERT ................................................................................................. 341
DELETE .................................................................................................... 343
UPDATE .................................................................................................. 346
ADO.NET ................................................................ 350
............................................................................................................... 352
............................................................................................................. 353
............................................................................................................................. 354
........................................................ 356
.............................................................................................................. 357
Access ........................................................................................................... 358
1. ................................................................................... 362
2. ................................................................................................. 390
............................................................................................................................................. 455

Visual Studio .NET .
- , ,
Windows -, , ..
.
C# ,
. ,
.
Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2008 .
- Windows XP - SP/2-SP/3, Vista, Visual
Studio.NET.
-
, .

. :
rsamkharadze@posta.ge, rsamkharadze@geomail.ge, rsamkharadze@gmail.com.
10
I . C#
1.

,
,
, .. C# , Microsoft
,
.NET Framework .
Windows
, -.
.
. , C#
C, C++ Java .
C - - Bell Laboratories
1972 .
Unix .
.
. C 1980
.

. . -
().
. , C
, 1983 C++ . Bell Laboratories
. C++ C
. 1990 C++
.
Java
Sun Microsystem . ,
, , . 1993 . Java
, C++
.
.

.
.
. Java.
Java .
,
.
, - .
Java
(Java Virtual Machine, JVM). , Java-
, Java .
11
Java C C++
,
.
.
. , C# Java
- .
, Java
, , .
, , ..
.
.
, ,
,
.
Java - , , Windows
,
. Java- Windows
() Java .
Microsoft 1990 C#
. . C# C, C++ Java
. C++ , C
, , Java - .
C# -
. C# ,
, , ,
. , C#
.
C# .NET Framework
.NET Framework ,
- (Application) . ,
, . , Windows-
.
C# .NET Framework .
(Common Language Runtime, CLR).
.NET Framework ,

. - .NET Framework,
, , .
CLR . , C#-
.cs .
, . C#-
, - MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language,
MSIL). ,
12
. CLR
. MSIL
.
MSIL JIT (just in time ). C#- CLR JIT ,
MSIL . ,
.
.NET Framework (managed code),
CLR .
: , ,
,
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. .NET Framework . ,
. , C++ ,
.
,

(Common Language Specification, CLS).
.

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C# () :
, .
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(encapsulation) ,
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.

(private) (public). ()
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13
. ()
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(polymorphism) ,

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(inheritance)

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14
2. C#

C# ,
.
{
//
2.1
//

int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, jami;
ricxvi1 = 2;
ricxvi2 = 3;
jami = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
}
C#
{ }.
, // (
). . int
(integer - ) ,
. ,
. - ,
, (
, ).
. C#
.
ricxvi1 - 2. "="
.
.
. jami ricxvi1 ricxvi2
.

. . ,
- .
- , ,
, . ,
.
, , textBox
, - label , () button . 2.1. :
{
//
2.2
//

ricxvi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
15
label5.Text = jami.ToString();
}
ricxvi1 textBox1
(, 5), Convert.ToInt32
. , textBox1
Text , . ,
. Convert.ToInt32
, textBox1.Text, .
, textBox1 , ,
. , ricxvi1
, .
. -

.
. 2.1.
16
. 2.2.
. 2.3.
17
. 2.4.
. 2.5.
18
,
label5 . Text , , jami .
Text , jami
. ToString() .
. , Microsoft Visual Studio .NET
2008 . Microsoft Development Environment (. 2.1). Recent Projects
Create Project . New Project (. 2.2).
Project Types Windows . Templates Windows
Application . Name , ,
OriRicxvisShekreba. Browse ,
OriRicxvisShekreba ( ,
). Open . Ok
. , OriRicxvisShekreba Visual
Studio Projects . , Form1 (. 2.3).
(ToolBox).
(, ). (. 2.4).
Windows Forms . textBox . ,
, , ,
.
, .
textBox1 (. 2.5). textBox textBox2, Button label . . 2.5-
.
. , ,
,
.
label1 Text ,
(Properties) , : "
" Enter . ,
Font , .
. . 2.6- .
button1
. , 2.2.
Save All .
Shift+F7 (+
), - F7 .
F5 . ,
(. 2.7). textBox1 textBox2
button1 , "". label5
. ,
"" .. ,
.
19
. 2.6.
. 2.7.
, C# .
, Computer computer. :
{
//
2.3
//
C#
int ricxvi1;
Ricxvi1 = 5; //
! Ricxvi1
20
}
, - ricxcvi1,
- Ricxvi1. C# .
C# .cs ().
Visual C#.NET .
C# .
// . /*
*/ . ,
,
.. .
. ,
.
{
//
2.4

/*

*/
ricxvi1 = 2;
ricxvi2 = 3;
}
C#

C# : (
) .
, - .
. 2.1.

: char, byte, sbyte, short, ushort, int, uint, long ulong. sbyte,
short, int long , byte, uint,
ulong ushort .
. (
) . ,
, , - .
. ,
.
.
{
21
//
2.5
//

sbyte ricxvi1;
//
ricxvi1 -128 127
byte ricxvi2;
//
ricxvi2 0 255
ricxvi1 = Convert.ToSByte(textBox1.Text);
ricxvi2 = 255;
label1.Text = ricxvi1.ToString();
}
2.1.
bool
byte
char
decimal
double
float
int
long
sbyte
short
uint
ulong
ushort
true/false
(/)
8
0 255
16
128
0 65535
1E-28 7.9E+28
64
5E-324 1.7E+308
32
1.5E-45 3.4E+38
32
64
8
-2147483648 2147483647
-9223372036854775808
9223372036854775807
-128 127
16
-32768 32767
32
64
0 4294967295
0 18446774073709551615
16
0 65535

: float double.
. , double . -
, . ,
, Sqrt(), Sin(), Cos() .. double
.
.
{
//
2.6
22
//

double wiladi1, wiladi2, shedegi;
wiladi1 = 5.5;
wiladi2 = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
shedegi = wiladi1 + wiladi2;
label1.Text = shedegi.ToString();
}
decimal
C++ Java C# decimal .
.
, .
{
//
2.7
//

decimal mogeba, procenti, shedegi;
mogeba = Convert.ToDecimal(textBox1.Text);
procenti = 10.0m;
shedegi = mogeba * procenti / 100.0m;
}
char ()

8 . C# Unicode ,
16 . ,
.
{
//
2.8
//

char simbolo1, simbolo2, simbolo3;
simbolo1 = '';
simbolo2 = textBox1.Text[0];
//
textBox1
simbolo3 = Convert.ToChar(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = simbolo1.ToString();
}
char , , .
,
. : ,
, .. 2.2
.
23
2.2. .

\'

\"

\\

\0
Null (, 0)
\a
\b
(BackSpace)
\f

\n

\r

\t

\v

.
label1.Text = " \n ";
label1
"", - "".

- . . 2.2-
Templates Console Application , Name:
, Browse
OK . ,
.
//
2.9
//

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace Char_Console_2
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t");
Console.WriteLine("\n\a");
Console.WriteLine("\b");
Console.WriteLine(" \r");
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
}
}
24
. 2. 8.
Thread.Sleep(5000); 5
.
(. 2.8)
Console.WriteLine("\t\t");
. ""
. .
"" -9
. ,
"" -17 . WriteLine()
, . , , Write()
,
.
Console.WriteLine("\n\a");
"" . ,
, .
"" .
Console.WriteLine("\b"); ""
"" .
Console.WriteLine(" \r");
" " , ""
. , " " .
bool
true () false ().
, true false .
{
//
2.10
//

bool b1, b2;
b1 = true;
25
b2 = Convert.ToBoolean(textBox1.Text);
label1.Text = b1.ToString();
}
ToBoolean textBox1
. textBox1 true false.
() . , 50
. , ,
5, -10, 23.54, 1.09, 'Q', '', "C#
" ..
.
int, uint, long ulong.
.
. , 10L ( 10l) , long.
( uint) u U , , 20U.
UL ul , , 40UL.
float f F , , 35.41F. decimal
m M , , 8.75M.
,
.
{
//
2.11
//

uint u1;
long l1;
float f1;
decimal d1;
char c1;
string s1;
u1 = 150U; label2.Text = u1.ToString();
l1 = 100L; label3.Text = l1.ToString();
f1 = 150F; label4.Text = f1.ToString();
d1 = 250M; label5.Text = d1.ToString();
c1 = 'B'; label6.Text = c1.ToString();
s1 = "C# "; label7.Text = s1;
}

, .
. ,
, :
_;
26
, , _ - .
,
. , .
, bool true false
.

. :
_ = ;
.
.
.
.
{
//
2.12
//

int ricxvi1 = 25, ricxvi2 = 30;
char simbolo = '';
double = 150.75;
label2.Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + .ToString() + " " + simbolo;
}

, , , ..
. ,
, .
.
{
//
2.13
//

int simagle = 5, sigane, sigrdze;
sigane = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
sigrdze = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
// moculoba
int moculoba = simagle * sigane * sigrdze;
label1.Text = moculoba.ToString();
}
,
. C#
: , , .
27

,
. 2.3.
.
, , . , 20/6
3. %
. , 20%6 2. %
. , R%2
1- , R , 0- , R
.
.
2.3.
( )
*
%
( )
++
.
{
//
2.14
//

//

int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, jami, sxvaoba, namravli, ganayofi, nashti;
jami
= ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
sxvaoba = ricxvi1 - ricxvi2;
namravli = ricxvi1 * ricxvi2;
ganayofi = ricxvi1 / ricxvi2;
nashti = ricxvi1 % ricxvi2;
label2.Text = sxvaoba.ToString();
label3.Text = namravli.ToString();
label4.Text = ganayofi.ToString();
label5.Text = nashti.ToString();
}
.
{
//
2.15
28
//

//

double wiladi1, wiladi2, jami, sxvaoba, namravli, ganayofi, nashti;
jami
= wiladi1 + wiladi2;
sxvaoba = wiladi1 - wiladi2;
namravli = wiladi1 * wiladi2;
ganayofi = wiladi1 / wiladi2;
nashti = wiladi1 % wiladi2;
label2.Text = sxvaoba.ToString();
label4.Text = ganayofi.ToString();
label5.Text = nashti.ToString();
}

(++) ()
. . (--)
. ,
x = x + 1;
,
x++; ++x;
,
x = x - 1;
,
x--; --x;

(), ().
. ,
,
.
,
.

.
{
//
2.16
//
++
int incr, shedegi;
incr = 5;
shedegi = ++incr;
label1.Text = incr.ToString();
// incr = 6, shedegi = 6
29
incr = 5;
shedegi = incr++;
// shedegi = 5, incr = 6
label3.Text = incr.ToString();
}
incr 5.
++,
6- , shedegi . , incr
5. ++ incr . ,
shedegi , 6 .

.
{
//
2.17
//
--
int decr, shedegi;
decr = 5;
shedegi = --decr;
label1.Text = decr.ToString();
decr = 5;
shedegi = decr--;
label3.Text = decr.ToString();
}
// decr = 4, shedegi = 4
// shedegi = 5, decr = 4

bool
true false. 2.4.
bool .
2.5.
C# == !=
.
,
. ,
1, 2, 3 .., . ,

. bool
.
2.6 .
& true ,
true. , false . |
true , - true.
, false . !
. ^ false
30
,
true .
2.4.
==
!=

>
<
>=

<=

2.5.
&
AND ()
|
OR ()
^
XOR ( )
&&
Short-circuit AND ( )
||
Short-circuit OR ( )
!
NOT ()
2.6.
B1
B2
B1 & B2
B1 | B2
true
true
true
true
true
false
false
true
false
true
false
true
false
false
false
false
B1 ^ B2
false
true
true
false
!B1
false
false
true
true
.
{
//
2.18
//

bool b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6;
b1 = true; b2 = false;
b3 = b1 & b2;
//
b3 = false
b4 = b1 | b2;
//
b4 = true
b5 = b1 ^ b2;
//
b5 = true
b6 = !b1;
//
b6 = false
}
.
{
31
//
2.19
//

int ricxvi1 = 5, ricxvi2 = 10;
bool shedegi;
shedegi = ricxvi1 > 0;
//
shedegi = true
shedegi = ( ricxvi1 < 2 ) && ( ricxvi2 > 7 );
//
shedegi = false
shedegi = ( ricxvi1 == 3 ) || ( ricxvi2 != 5 );
//
shedegi = true
}
, , && ||.
. &&
false , false
. || true
, true .
,
. .
= ;
.
.
, ,
, ,
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3;
ricxvi1 = ricxvi2 = ricxvi3 = 50;
50.
.

()
. :
= ;
, . ,
jami = jami + 25;

jami += 25;
+= , jami
jami + 25.
() :
+=
-=
*=
/=
%=
&=
|=
^=

32
. ,
. , . ,
, .

2.7 C# .
.
.
, *, / % ,
+ - . :
y = x1 + x2 * x3 - x4 / x5 ;
. + .

. *, , + . , * .
-, , * .
* . + -
+ , + .
- ,
. / , . , / , - .
:
y = ( x1 + x2 ) * x3 - ( x4 + x5 ) / x6 ;
.
, * . , .
, / , - .
, ,
, .
.
, .
,
y = x + z - 5;
y = x - Math.Sin(x) + 10.97;

. ,
:
y=x/5+z*(w-2);
y = x / 5 + z * ( w - 2 );
.
, . , ,
. ,
:
33
y = x * 5 + z / 7.2 - w;
y = ( x * 5) + ( z / 7.2 ) - w;
System.Math ( 2.8).
double .
Math, .
. Pow(x, y) x y
. , Pow(5, 2) 25. Exp(x) e
x . , Exp(1) 2.71 .
Max(x, y) x y , Min(x, y) - .
Floor(x) x . , Floor(5.998)
5. Ceiling(x) x .
, Ceiling(5.123) 6. Round(x, y)
x . y
. , Round(5.1234, 2)
5.12 . Sign(x) x . , Sign(-5)
-1, Sign(5)
1.
, ,
textBox1 .
{
//
2.20
//

double ricxvi, shedegi;
ricxvi = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
shedegi = Math.Sqrt(ricxvi);
label2.Text = Math.Round(shedegi,2).ToString();
}
,
:
x 5 sin x
1 ex
{
//
2.21
//

double ricxvi, shedegi;
shedegi = Math.Sqrt( Math.Pow(ricxvi,5) + Math.Sin(ricxvi) ) /
( 1 - Math.Exp(ricxvi) );
label1.Text = Math.Round(shedegi,2).ToString();
}
1 .
34
2.7.
: (x)
: x.y
: f(x)
: a[x]
: x++
: x- : new
: typeof
: sizeof
: checked
: unchecked
: +
: "": !
"": ~
: ++x
: --x
: (type)
: *
: /
: %
: +
:
: <<
: >>
: <
: >
: <=
: >=
: is
: as
: =
: !=
""
&
""
^
""
|
""
&&
""
||

?:
=, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=
35
2.8.
Abs(x)

Sin(x)
Cos(x)
Tan(x)
Sqrt(x)

Exp(x)
Log(x)
Log10(x)

Max(x, y)

Min(x, y)

Pow(x, y)
Floor(x)

Ceiling(x)

Round(x, y)

E
2,71
PI
3,14
Sign(x)

, ,
, ..

. , ,
. , double int
:
int mteli;
double wiladi;
mteli = 25;
wiladi = mteli;
,

. , mteli
double
wiladi . C# ,
. , int bool .

:
- ;
- () (). ,

.
. , int
36
() , byte
, ,
.

. ,
long double .
{
//
2.22
//
long double
long L1;
double D1;
L1 = 100321410L;
D1 = L1;
label1.Text = D1.ToString();
}
double long ,
. , decimal float
, , decimal double, char bool, char,
bool .
(cast operator)
- .
. () .
:
(_) ;
_
.
.
{
//
2.23
//

double wiladi1, wiladi2;
byte baiti;
int mteli;
char simbolo;
//
double int
mteli = ( int ) ( wiladi1 / wiladi2 );
//

label1.Text = mteli.ToString();
// , 50 byte
mteli = 50;
baiti = ( byte ) mteli;
label2.Text = baiti.ToString();
//
, 300 byte
37
mteli = 300;
baiti = ( byte ) mteli;
baiti = Convert.ToByte(textBox3.Text);
simbolo = ( char ) baiti;
//
}
mteli = ( int ) ( wiladi1 / wiladi2 ); double
int . ,
wiladi1/wiladi2, . , int wiladi1
. , double
int .
,
. , long int , long
int ,
, , .
, . ,
7.85 , 7,
0.85 .
( wiladi1 / wiladi2 ) int
, . , baiti
50, , byte
. , baiti 300 (
00000001 00101100), ,
300 byte . baiti
44 ( 00101100), 300- ,
. , byte char
.

,
. ,

.

. :
decimal ,
. , float double
. .
double ,
.
float ,
.
ulong ,
. , sbyte, short, int long
38
. .
long ,
.
uint , sbyte, short int,

long .
, int
.
char, sbyte, byte, ushort short
int .
. , , ,
,
, int .
. ,
float double decimal .
ulong .
.
,
. ,
byte int ,
byte .
. ,
byte ,
int , ,
int . , ,
.
.
{
//
2.24
//

int mteli;
byte baiti1, baiti2;
baiti1 = Convert.ToByte(textBox1.Text);
mteli = baiti1 * baiti2;
label1.Text = mteli.ToString();
//
// baiti1
baiti1 = ( byte ) ( baiti1 * baiti2 );
label2.Text = baiti1.ToString();
}
baiti1 * baiti2
mteli , int .
baiti1 baiti1 * baiti2 ,
byte baiti1 .
char .
39
, :
char simbolo1 = '', simbolo2 = '';
simbolo1 = ( char ) ( simbolo1 + simbolo2 );
char , simbolo1 simbolo2
int int .
40
3.
- (if switch),
(for, while, do-while foreach) (break, continue, goto return).

if
if ,
. :
if ( ) { 1; }
[ else { 2; } ]
, true false .
, 1, 2. 1 2 .
, else
. , if :
if ( ) { 1; }
true , 1,
- .
if ,
.
{
//
3.1
//

int ricxvi;
label1.Text = " ";
ricxvi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
if ( ricxvi % 2 == 1 ) label1.Text = " ";
else label1.Text = " ";
}
if
if , if .
if ,
, if
. if else if
. ,
:
{
//
3.2
//

int ricxvi1, ricxvi2;
41
if ( ricxvi1 >= 0 ) label1.Text = " ";
else
if ( ricxvi2 >= 0 ) label1.Text = " ";
}
if , label1
.
if . label1
.
, label1
.
.
, () .
,
( ). ,
, . ,
{ } .
. .
() .
.
.
, .
()
. , .
.
{
//
3.3
//

int ricxvi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
if ( ricxvi1 > 25 )
{
//

int ricxvi2 = 30;
ricxvi1 = ricxvi2 * ricxvi2;
}
//

// ricxvi2 = 50;
//
ricxvi2
}
ricxvi1 ,
. ricxvi2 if .
, ricxvi2 .
ricxvi2 ricxvi2 = 50;.
,
. if ricxvi1
42
,
.
.
, .
, ,
.
, .
(
) . ,
, .. .
,
. , .
,
.
. ,
, . ,
. ,

.
. ,
.
, .
Main() .
.
.
{
//
3.4
//

//

int globaluri_cvladi;
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//

int lokaluri_cvladi = 10;
globaluri_cvladi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
label1.Text = globaluri_cvladi.ToString();
if ( globaluri_cvladi > 3 )
{
globaluri_cvladi = 50;
lokaluri_cvladi = 20;
}
label2.Text = globaluri_cvladi.ToString();
}
43
switch
.
:
(). -
()
. switch :
switch ( )
{
case 1 :
;
break;
case 2 :
;
break;
...
[ default :
;
break; ]
}
- char, byte, short int,
- string ( ).
(double, float). switch case
.
, switch
.
case
case .
case break
.
default , case
. default
. switch
,
switch
.
, case
break . break switch
. ,
0 - 2.
{
//
3.5
//
0 - 2
int ricxvi;
switch ( ricxvi )
{
case 0 : label1.Text = " - " + ricxvi.ToString();
break;
44
break;
break;
default : label1.Text = " 0 - 2";
break;
}
}
switch int ricxvi .
, switch char
. case
char .
.
{
//
3.6
//
int shedegi, ricxvi1, ricxvi2;

char operacia;
operacia = Convert.ToChar(textBox2.Text);
switch ( operacia )
{
case '+' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
break;
case '-' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 - ricxvi2;
break;
case '*' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 * ricxvi2;
break;
case '/' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 / ricxvi2;
break;
case '%' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 % ricxvi2;
break;
}
}
switch
. .
.
.
{
//
3.7
//

45
char simbolo;
label1.Text = " ";
simbolo = textBox1.Text[0];
switch ( simbolo )
{
case '' :
case '' :
case '' :
case '' :
case '' : label1.Text = " ";
break;
default : label1.Text = " ";
break;
}
}
simbolo '', '', '', '' '',
label3.Text = " "; , - label3.Text = "
"; .
switch
switch switch .
switch . switch case
.
. .
{
//
3.8
//
switch
char simbolo1, simbolo2;
switch ( simbolo1 )
{
case 'a' :
label3.Text = "a switch ";
switch (simbolo2 )
{
case 'a' :
label5.Text = "a switch ";
break;
case 'b' :
label5.Text = "b switch ";
break;
}
break;
46
case 'b' :
label3.Text = "b switch ";
break;
}
}

for

. :
for ( [ ]; [ ]; [ ] ) [ ];
, .
.
, true false .
. for , true .
false , for
. ,
() .
. ( ) .
for .
. . ,
. . ..
, 1- 10- .
.
{
//
3.9
//
1- 10-
double ricxvi, kvadrati;
label1.Text = "";
for ( ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 10; ricxvi++ )
{
kvadrati = Math.Pow(ricxvi, 2);
label1.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " - " + kvadrati.ToString() + '\n';
}
}
label1.Text = ""; label1
"label1" . , label1 ,
Text "label1" .
Properties Text
: label1.Text = "";. , label1
. '\n'
label ..

47
. 10 .
{
// 3.10
//
double ricxvi, kvadrati;
label1.Text = " ";
for ( ricxvi = 100; ricxvi >= 1; ricxvi -= 10 )
{
kvadrati = Math.Pow(ricxvi, 2);
label1.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " - " + kvadrati.ToString() + '\n';
}
}
, for . ,
false ,
, ,
for ( ricxvi1 = 5; ricxvi1 < 3; ricxvi1++ )
ricxvi2 = ricxvi1 * ricxvi1;
,
false .
for ,
,
{
//
3.11
//
for
label1.Text = "";
for ( ricxvi1 = 0, ricxvi2 = 10; ricxvi1 < ricxvi2; ricxvi1++, ricxvi2-- )
label1.Text = label1.Text + " " + ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + '\n';
}
. ,
.
. ricxvi1
, ricxvi2 - . for

.
, ,
.
for ,
, ,
{
//
3.12
//
for
int ricxvi1;
label1.Text = "";
48
//

for ( ricxvi1 = 0; ricxvi1 < 10; )
{
label1.Text += ricxvi1.ToString() + '\n';
ricxvi1++;
}
}
, ,
.
for ,
.
{
//
3.13
//
for
//

int ricxvi1 = 0;
label1.Text = "";
//

for ( ; ricxvi1 < 10; )
{
label1.Text += ricxvi1.ToString() + '\n';
ricxvi1++;
}
}
ricxvi1 . ,

.
for ,
,
for ( ; ; )
{
//
}
break .
for , , , . , .
, 1- 5- .
{
//
3.14
//
for
int ricxvi, jami = 0;
label1.Text = "";
for ( ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 5; jami += ricxvi++ );
}
//
49
, for . ,
. jami += ricxvi++;
. jami ricxvi
. , ricxvi .
:
jami = jami + ricxvi;
ricxvi++;
for .
.
, .
{
//
3.15
//
for ,
//

int jami = 0;
label1.Text = "";
for ( int ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 5; ricxvi++ )
jami += ricxvi;
}
ricxvi for ,
, . .
, for
.
, .
{
//
3.16
//

int index, min, max, jami = 0;
min = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
//
max = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
//
for ( index = min; index <= max; index++ )
jami += index;
}
.
{
//
3.17
//

int index, ricxvi, shedegi = 1;
for ( index = 1; index <= ricxvi; index++ )
50
shedegi *= index;
}
,
x3 x5 x7 x9
y x
3
5 7
9
{
//
3.18
//

double shedegi = 0, x;
int minusi = -1;
x = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= 9; indexi += 2 )
{
minusi *= -1;
shedegi += minusi * Math.Pow(x, indexi) / indexi;
}
}
while

. :
while ( )
{

}
, true false .
false ,
. true , .
, .
{
//
3.19
//
label1
char simbolo = '';
label1.Text = "";
while ( simbolo <= '' )
{
label1.Text += simbolo.ToString() + '\n';
simbolo++;
}
}
simbolo - ''.
label1 simbolo ,
51
do-while

. for while ,
, do-while ,
. :
do
{

}
while ( )
,
, do-while
, while .
, label
''- ''-.
{
//
3.20
//
label1
char simbolo = '';
label1.Text = "";
do
{
label1.Text += simbolo.ToString() + '\n';
simbolo++;
}
while ( simbolo != '' );
}

break

. , .
.
, 30- .
{
//
3.21
//
, 30-
int indexi, namravli = 1;
label1.Text = "";
for ( indexi = 1; indexi < 50; indexi++ )
52
{
namravli *= indexi;
if ( namravli > 30 ) break;
label1.Text += '\n' + namravli.ToString();
}
indexi--;
label1.Text = " " + indexi.ToString() + "-";
}
50-, break
. .
break . break
,
. ,
{
//
3.22
//

int gare = 0, shida = 1;
for ( int i1 = 0; i1 < 5; i1++ )
//

{
gare++;
label1.Text = " = " + gare.ToString();
while ( shida < 30 )
//

{
//
break
//
shida 5
if ( shida == 5 ) break;
label2.Text += shida.ToString() + ' ';
shida++;
}
label1.Text += '\n';
}
}
continue
. continue
. ,
label 1- 21-.
{
//
3.23
//
label1 1- 21-
int indexi;
for ( indexi = 1; indexi <= 21; indexi++ )
{
if ( ( indexi % 2 ) != 1 ) continue;
//
53
label1.Text += indexi.ToString() + '\n';

}
}
while do-while continue
, .
goto
goto . :
goto ;
, , (:) .
, .
,
.
. .
goto :
{
//
3.24
//
goto
int ricxvi = 1;
cikli1:
ricxvi++;
if ( ricxvi < 8 ) goto cikli1;
label1.Text = ricxvi.ToString();
}

? , . :
1 ? 2 : 3;
1 , 2 3
, .
1. true, 2- ,
- 3- . ,
max = ricxvi1 > ricxvi2 ? ricxvi1 : ricxvi2;
min = ricxvi1 < ricxvi2 ? ricxvi1 : ricxvi2;
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 ,
- .
,
.
{
//
3.25
//
50 -3- 5- , 0-
//

int shedegi;
label1.Text = "";
54
for ( int indexi = -3; indexi < 5; indexi++ )

{
shedegi = indexi != 0 ? 50 / indexi : 0;
if ( indexi != 0 ) label1.Text += indexi.ToString() + " " + shedegi.ToString() + '\n';
}
}
55
4.
().
.
.
, .
,
. ,
, ..
.
, .
.

. :
[ ] _ = new [];
, .
.
. ,
.
, .

( ). C# new
( ) .
int , 10
masivi :
int [ ] masivi = new int[10];
masivi ( ),
new .
10 int . int 4
(32 ) , masivi 4x10=40
.
.
.
. masivi 10 ,
0 9. , masivi
- masivi[0], - masivi[9].
masivi 0- 9 label .
{
//
4.1
//
label
int[] masivi = new int[10];
//
masivi
56
int indexi;
label1.Text = "";
//
masivi 0- 9-
masivi[indexi] = indexi;
//
masivi label1
label1.Text += masivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
}

.
:
[ ] _ = new [ ] { 1, 2, ..., N };
1- N- .

. ,
. masivi
.
{
//
4.2
//

//

//
masivi
int[] masivi = new int[]{ 2, -5, 50, 15, -20, 25, 12, -1, 120, 10 };
int indexi, max, min;
max = min = masivi[0];
{
if ( masivi[indexi] > max ) max = masivi[indexi];
if ( masivi[indexi] < min ) min = masivi[indexi];
}
label1.Text = " = " + max.ToString() +
"\n = " + min.ToString();
}
. ,
, .. . ,
double[] wiladi_masivi = new double[5] { 1.2, 3.9, 4.7, 6.0, 8.6 };
bool[] logikuri_masivi = new bool[3] { true, false, true };

, , .
.
, ,
,
, .
57
.
.
{
//
4.3
//

//

int[] masivi1 = new int[]{0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18};
int[] masivi2 = new int[]{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19};
int indexi;
label1.Text += masivi1[indexi].ToString() + " ";
//
masivi2 masivi1 ,
//

masivi2 = masivi1;
//
masivi2
//
masivi1[5] 55
masivi2[5] = 55;
//
masivi1
}

.
, - . ,
cxrili 5x4 :
int[,] cxrili = new int[5,4];
.
,
. new
.
5 , 4 - .
5x4=20 . 4 ,
cxrili 4x5x4=80 .

, ,
cxrili[3,2] = 15;
3 , 2 - .
,
, label :
{
58
//
4.4
//

//
label
int[,] cxrili = new int[5,4];
int striqoni, sveti;
label1.Text = "";
for ( striqoni = 0; striqoni < 5; striqoni++ )
for ( sveti = 0; sveti < 4; sveti++ )
cxrili[striqoni,sveti] = ( striqoni * 4 ) + ( sveti + 1 );
{
label1.Text += cxrili[striqoni,sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}

, , ,
. ,
int[,] cxrili = new int[,]{
{1,1},
{2,4},
{3,9},
{4,16},
{5,25}
};
.

, - ..
, -.

.
{
//
4.5
//

int striqoni, sveti, jami = 0;
label1.Text = "";
// masivi
int[,] masivi = new int[,] {
{1,1},
{2,4},
{3,9},
{4,16},
59
{5,25}
};
//
{
{
jami += masivi[striqoni,sveti];
label1.Text += masivi[striqoni,sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
}
("")
,
. ,
. C#
, ( "" )
. , .
, ,
.
:
[ ][ ] _ = new [][ ];
.
.
new .
. ,
masivi_g
,
:
int[ ][ ] masivi_g = new int[3][ ];
masivi_g[0] = new int[2];
, masivi_g :
masivi_g[0][0]
masivi_g[0][1]
masivi_g[1][0]
masivi_g[1][1]
masivi_g[1][2]
masivi_g[2][0]
masivi_g[2][1]
masivi_g[2][2]
masivi_g[2][3]

. ,
masivi_g[1][2] = 15;

label2 .
60
{
//
4.6
//

//

int [][] g_masivi = new int[5][];
label1.Text = "";
g_masivi[0] = new int[5];
//
g_masivi
g_masivi[striqoni][sveti] = striqoni + sveti;
g_masivi[striqoni][sveti] = striqoni + sveti;
//
g_masivi label
{
label1.Text += g_masivi[striqoni][sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
{
label1.Text += g_masivi[striqoni][sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
. ,
. ,
, .
Length
C# ,
. - Length . Length .
.
. , 10
4 , Length 10
4. Length
61
.
Length
.
{
//
4.7
//
Length
//

//

int[] list = new int[5];
// Length list
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < list.Length; indexi++ )
list[indexi] = indexi * indexi;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < list.Length; indexi++ )
label1.Text += list[indexi].ToString() + " ";
label2.Text = "
= " + list.Length.ToString();
}
Length
.
{
//
4.8
//
Length
//

int[][] cxrili = new int[3][];
//

cxrili[0] = new int[] {1, 2, 3};
cxrili[1] = new int[] {4, 5};
cxrili[2] = new int[] {6, 7, 8, 9};
label2.Text = "
= " + cxrili.Length.ToString();
label3.Text = " = " + cxrili[0].Length.ToString();
}
Length
cxrili . , -
. , cxrili.Length cxrili
.
:
cxrili[0].Length;
( ),
0.
foreach
foreach .
62
. C# , -
. foreach :
foreach ( _ in )
{

}
.
_ . -
. ,
.. , ,

.
foreach .
. , label
.
{
//
4.9
//
foreach
label1.Text =""; label2.Text ="";
int[] masivi = new int[] { 9, -1, 101, 8, -9, 56, 3, -2, 87, 81 };
int jami = 0;
foreach ( int cvladi in masivi )
jami += cvladi;
foreach ( int cvladi in masivi )
label2.Text += cvladi.ToString() + " ";
}
,
, .
foreach
.
foreach .
{
//
4.10
//

int max, min;
int[] masivi = new int[]{9, -1, 101, 8, -9, 56, 3, -2, 87, 81};
label1.Text = "";
max = min = masivi[0];
//
foreach ( int ricxvi in masivi )
label1.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
foreach ( int ricxvi in masivi )
63
{
if ( ricxvi > max ) max = ricxvi;
if ( ricxvi < min ) min = ricxvi;
}
label2.Text = max.ToString();
label3.Text = min.ToString();
}
foreach
.
{
//
4.11
//

int jami = 0;
int[,] cxrili = new int[,]{
{ 1, 2, -3 },
{ -4, 5, 6 },
{ 7, -8, 9 },
};
label1.Text = "";
foreach ( int ricxvi in cxrili )
{
label1.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
jami += ricxvi;
}
}

() .
bool, float double , ,
. ,
, (1
) .
, ,
.. 4.1.
4.1.
&
AND
|
OR
^
XOR
>>

<<

~
NOT
64
&, |, ^ ~
&, |, ^ ~ ,
. ,
. 4.2
.
4.2. .
b1
b2
b1&b2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
b1 | b2
0
1
1
1
b1 ^ b2
0
1
1
0
~b1
1
0
1
0
&
() . , -
0, 0. ,
11010011
&
10101010
10000010
& .

. Unicode/ASCII

32 (3210=001000002). ,
.
{
//
4.12
//

//

char simbolo;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < 10; indexi++ )
{
simbolo = (char) ( 'a' + indexi );
label1.Text += simbolo + " - ";
simbolo = (char) ( simbolo & 65503 );
label1.Text = label1.Text + simbolo + '\n';
}
}
65503 1111 1111 1101 1111.
, & simbolo ,
. & ,
65
(1) (0). ,
status :
if ( status & 8 == true ) label2.Text = " ";
8 ,
(0000 1000). , if true ,
status .
byte
.
{
//
4.13
//

int indeqsi;
byte ricxvi = Convert.ToByte(textBox1.Text);
label1.Text = " ";
for ( indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
{
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label1.Text += "1";
else label1.Text += "0";
}
}
for & ricxvi .
, label2 1, - 0.
& |
. - ,
. ,
11010011
|
10101010
11111011

| , .
{
//
4.14
//

//

char simbolo;
for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < 10; indeqsi++ )
{
simbolo = (char) ( 'A' + indeqsi );
label1.Text += simbolo + " - ";
//

//
simbolo
simbolo = (char) ( simbolo | 32 );
label1.Text = label1.Text + simbolo + '\n';
}
66
}
| 32
, 0000 0000 0010 0000.
. |
32 - , ,
. .
^ ,
. ,
11010011
^
10101010
11111011
^ ,
.
x y y
, x , ..
R1 = x ^ y;
R2 = R1 ^ y;
R2 x .

. ^ , . , .
.
.
{
//
4.15
//

string msg = " ";
string encmsg = "";
string decmsg = "";
int key = 55;
label1.Text = " : " + msg;
//

for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < msg.Length; indeqsi++ )
encmsg += (char) ( msg[indeqsi] ^ key );
label2.Text = " : " + encmsg;
//

for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < msg.Length; indeqsi++ )
decmsg += (char) ( encmsg[indeqsi] ^ key );
label3.Text = " : " + decmsg;
}
~

. , A = 1001 0011, ~A 0110

1100.
~ .
35- (0010 0011) ,
67
~ (1101 1100).
{
//
4.16
//
~
sbyte ricxvi = 35;
//
ricxvi label
for ( int indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label1.Text += " 1";
else label1.Text += " 0";
//
ricxvi label
ricxvi = (sbyte) ~ricxvi;
for ( int indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label2.Text += " 1";
else label2.Text += " 0";
}

. ,
x ^= 127;
y &= 63;
z |= 31;

. :
_ << _
_ >> _
(<<) ,
, , ,
. (>>)
, , ,

. .
0, - 1.
.
{
//
4.17
//

int ricxvi = 1;
label1.Text = ""; label2.Text = "";
//
ricxvi label
for ( int i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
{
for ( int j = 128; j > 0; j /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & j ) != 0 ) label1.Text += "1";
68
ricxvi = ricxvi << 1;

//

}
ricxvi = 128;
//
ricxvi label
for ( int i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
{
for ( int j = 128; j > 0; j /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & j ) != 0 ) label2.Text += "1";
ricxvi = ricxvi >> 1; //
}
}
,
.
enum .
:
enum _ { _ };
xili :
enum xili { vaSli, msxali, leRvi, nesvi, yurZeni };
,
. ,
(int ) .
.
.
,
(.) .
, xili
.
{
//
4.18
//

//
xili
enum xili { vaSli, msxali, leRvi, nesvi, yurZeni };
//
saxelebi
string[ ] saxelebi = { "", "", "", "", "" };
xili elementi;
//

label1.Text = " ";
//
elementi
for ( elementi = xili.vaSli; elementi <= xili.yurZeni; elementi++ )
label1.Text += saxelebi[(int)elementi] + "-is mniSvnelobaa - " + (int)elementi + '\n';
69
}
for elementi ,
xili . , ,
,
. , saxelebi
.

. ,
.
. ,
nesvi 55:
enum xili { vaSli, msxali, leRvi, nesvi = 55, yurZeni } ;
:
vaSli
0
msxali
1
leRvi
2
nesvi
55
yurZeni
56
70
5. , ,

.
. , ,
, .. .
,
, - .
() ()
. C# :
, , , , , , , , .
- .
, :
_ class _
{
//
_ _1;
// . . .
_ _N;
//
_ _ _1()
{

}
// . . .
_ _ _N()
{

}
}
class . .
_ private () public ()
.
-.
. private ,
. public ,
.
, private.
. _ .
.

. , , ,
, , .
71

,
. , ,
. , .
.
, - (public)
(private). public
. private
.
.

. .

,
.
:
public, private, protected internal. ,
private.
Samkutxedi .
Samkutxedi ,
gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3. .
class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
//

public int gverdi2;
//

public int gverdi3;
//

}
class ,
Samkutxedi. Samkutxedi .
, class
, . Samkutxedi
new :
Samkutxedi Sam1 = new Samkutxedi();
Samkutxedi - Sam1
.
.
(.) .
. :
_._
, Sam1 gverdi2 20,
:
Sam1.gverdi2 = 20;
(.) , ,
.
, Samkutxedi .
72
//
5.1
//

class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
//

public int gverdi2;
//

public int gverdi3;
//

}
{
int perimetri;
//
Sam1
Sam1.gverdi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
//

perimetri = Sam1.gverdi1 + Sam1.gverdi2 + Sam1.gverdi3;
label1.Text = " " + perimetri.ToString();
}
Main() . , button
, .

.
,
. ,
,
. , Samkutxedi
, gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3
, .
.
//
5.2
//

class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
//

public int gverdi2;
//

public int gverdi3;
//

}
{
//
Sam1
//
Sam2
int Sam1_perimetri, Sam2_perimetri;
73
// Sam1
// Sam2
//
Sam1_perimetri = Sam1.gverdi1 + Sam1.gverdi2 + Sam1.gverdi3;
Sam2_perimetri = Sam2.gverdi1 + Sam2.gverdi2 + Sam2.gverdi3;
label1.Text = Sam1_perimetri.ToString();
label2.Text = Sam2_perimetri.ToString();
}

Samkutxedi

:
Samkutxedi , Sam1.
(.. ), , .
new , Sam1
( ). , Sam1
Samkutxedi .
new ( )
.
, new .
.
:
Samkutxedi Sam1;
Sam1 = new Samkutxedi();
Sam1 Samkutxedi
. Sam1 , .
null, ,
. Samkutxedi , Sam1
. , Sam1
.
,
. ,
,
. ,
- . .
74
int x;
x = 20;
x
20.
Sam1
.

.
,

.
,
. :
Samkutxedi Sam2 = Sam1;
Sam2 Sam1 , Sam2
, Sam1 . ,
Sam1 , Sam2
. , Sam1 Sam2
. ,
Sam1.gverdi1 = 30;
Sam1.gverdi1 Sam2.gverdi1
- 30.
, .
Sam2
, Sam3 .
{
Samkutxedi Sam2 = Sam1;
Sam2 = Sam3;
}
- , ,
.
.

.
. . Main()
, .
75
_ _(_)
{

}
_ private public .
, private, ..
, . ,
. , void .
_ ,
. _
, .
. ,
, .
, _ .

. ,
.
Samkutxedi . , Samkutxedi
,
.
Samkutxedi . perimetri()
.
//
5.3
//

//

class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
private int perim;
//
perimetri
public void perimetri()
{
perim = gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
MessageBox.Show(" - " + perim.ToString());
}
}
{
//
Sam1
76
//

Sam1.perimetri ();
//
Sam2
//

Sam2.perimetri ();
}
perim ,
. public, ,
,
.
public void perimetri()
perimetri() , .
public,
. void , perimetri() (
) . , ,
.
MessageBox.Show() . Samkutxedi
gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3 , perimetri()

.
Sam1.perimetri();
Sam1 . Sam1 perimetri()
, . Sam1
. , ,
.
, .
Sam1.perimetri() Sam1
, Sam2.perimetri()
Sam2 .
perimetri() label1
. :
class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
private int perim;
//
perimetri
public void perimetri(Label lab1)
{
perim = gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
lab1.Text = " - " + perim.ToString();
}
77
}
{
//
Sam1
//

Sam1.perimetri (label1);
}
, perimetri() , label1
. lab1 , Label.
, lab1 , label1 .

,
, . ,
, return
. return .
, void , , , .
, ,
return :
return;
return .
return
, ,
.
- -
().
return :
return ;
.
perimetri() ,
. - ,
.
perimetri() ,
.
//
5.4
//
return
class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
78
public int gverdi2;

public int gverdi3;
public int perimetri()
{
return gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
}
//
//
}
{
//
tolgverda tolferda
Samkutxedi tolgverda = new Samkutxedi();
Samkutxedi tolferda = new Samkutxedi();
int tolgverda_perimetri, tolferda_perimetri;
//
tolgverda
tolgverda.gverdi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
//
tolferda
tolferda.gverdi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox4.Text);
//
tolgverda tolferda
tolgverda_perimetri = tolgverda.perimetri ();
tolferda_perimetri = tolferda.perimetri ();
label1.Text = tolgverda_perimetri.ToString();
label2.Text = tolferda_perimetri.ToString();
}
perimetri()
tolgverda_perimetri tolferda_perimetri .

.
. ,
, .
, .
.
, ,
.
,
. ArisLuwi luwi_kenti(int x)
bool .
true , - false .
79
//
5.5
//

class ArisLuwi
{
// ,
public bool luwi_kenti( int x )
{
if ( ( x % 2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
}
{
//
int ricxvi;
ArisLuwi obieqti = new ArisLuwi();
label1.Text = "";
if ( obieqti.luwi_kenti(ricxvi) )
label1.Text = " " + ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
else label1.Text = " " + ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
}
.
. , Gamyofi arisGamyofi() ,
.
//
5.6
//

class Gamyofi
{
//

public bool arisGamyofi(int par1, int par2)
{
if ( ( par1 % par2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
}
{
Gamyofi obieqti = new Gamyofi();
label2.Text = "";
if ( obieqti.arisGamyofi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2) )
label2.Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + "- ";
80
else label2.Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + "- ";

}
.
Minimumi() .
.
//
5.7
//

class MinSidide
{
//

public int Minimumi(int[] mas)
{
int min_ricxvi = mas[0];
for ( int indexi =1; indexi < mas.Length; indexi++ )
if (min_ricxvi > mas[indexi] ) min_ricxvi = mas[indexi];
return min_ricxvi;
}
}
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 5, -7, 4, -6, 9 };
MinSidide obieqti = new MinSidide();
int shedegi;
label1.Text = "";
shedegi = obieqti.Minimumi(masivi); // Minimumi masivi
}
, . . , . . :
_()
{

}

, , .
. C#
,
( ) null (
).
81
( ) . ,
.
, .

. , 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.5
. ,
. 5.4 ,
.
//
5.8
//

class Samkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
private int perimetri;
//

public Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
public int perim()
{
perimetri = gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
return perimetri;
}
}
{
int g1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Samkutxedi Sam1 = new Samkutxedi(g1, g2, g3);
Samkutxedi Sam2 = new Samkutxedi(g4, g5, g6);
int SamkutxedisPerimetri1 = Sam1.perim();
int SamkutxedisPerimetri2 = Sam2.perim();
label1.Text = " = " + SamkutxedisPerimetri1.ToString();
label2.Text = " = " + SamkutxedisPerimetri2.ToString();
}
new Samkutxedi() ,
. .
82
. new
Samkutxedi() g1, g2 g3 .
par1, par2 par3 . gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3
.
" "
C# ,
, ,
. " "
.
. ,
new .
" " .
. ,
, , ,
. " " ,
,
.
,
. :
~_()
{

}
(~).
.
" "
, . ,
, " " ,
. "
" , .
this
,
. this.
this , , Axarisxeba
. .
//
5.9
//

class Axarisxeba
{
public double d;
public int i;
83
public double shedegi;

public Axarisxeba(double par_ricxvi, int par_xarisxi)
{
d = par_ricxvi;
i = par_xarisxi;
shedegi = 1;
if ( par_xarisxi == 0 ) return;
for ( ; par_xarisxi > 0; par_xarisxi-- ) shedegi *= d;
}
public double xarisxis_dabruneba()
{
return shedegi;
}
}
{
double ricxvi = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
int xarisxi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Axarisxeba obieqti = new Axarisxeba(ricxvi, xarisxi);
label1.Text = obieqti.d.ToString() + " " + obieqti.i.ToString() +
" " + obieqti.xarisxis_dabruneba().ToString();
}

, .. . ,
xarisxis_dabruneba() return shedegi;
shedegi , .
:
return this.shedegi;
this , xarisxis_dabruneba() .
this.shedegi shedegi . ,
xarisxis_dabruneba() x , this
x . this .
C#
. ,
this .
this .
//
5.10
//

class Axarisxeba
{
public double ricxvi;
public int xarisxi;
public double shedegi;
public Axarisxeba(double ricxvi, int xarisxi)
{
84
this.ricxvi = ricxvi;
this.xarisxi = xarisxi;
// this.ricxvi ricxvi
// this.xarisxi
// xarisxi
shedegi = 1;
if ( xarisxi == 0 ) return;
for ( ; xarisxi > 0; xarisxi-- ) shedegi *= ricxvi;
}
}
{
double ricxvi1 = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
int xarisxi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Axarisxeba obieqti = new Axarisxeba(ricxvi1, xarisxi1);
label1.Text = obieqti.shedegi.ToString();
}
Axarisxeba()
, . this
.

. ,
" " .
. , ,
. .
//
5.11
//

class Studenti
//

{
public string gvari;
public string fakulteti;
public int kursi;
public void Metodi_Studenti()
{
MessageBox.Show(" \n" + gvari + "\n" + fakulteti + "\n" + kursi.ToString());
}
}
class Universiteti
//

{
public Studenti studenti;
//
studenti Studenti
public string misamarti;
public void Metodi_Universiteti()
{
MessageBox.Show(" \n" + misamarti);
}
}
85
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
Universiteti obieqti_universiteti = new Universiteti();
obieqti_universiteti.studenti = new Studenti();
obieqti_universiteti.studenti.gvari = textBox1.Text;
obieqti_universiteti.studenti.fakulteti = textBox2.Text;
obieqti_universiteti.studenti.kursi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
obieqti_universiteti.studenti.Metodi_Studenti();
obieqti_universiteti.misamarti = textBox4.Text;
obieqti_universiteti.Metodi_Universiteti();
}

,
. ,
- . , .
.
//
5.12
//

class Universiteti
//
{
public class Studenti
//
{
public string gvari;
public string fakulteti;
public int kursi;
public void Metodi_Universiteti()
{
MessageBox.Show(" \n" + gvari + "\n" + fakulteti + "\n" + kursi.ToString());
}
}
public Studenti studenti;
public string misamarti;
public void Metodi_Studenti()
{
MessageBox.Show(" \n" + misamarti);
}
}
{
Universiteti obieqti = new Universiteti();
obieqti.Metodi_Studenti();
obieqti.misamarti = textBox4.Text;
obieqti.studenti = new Universiteti.Studenti();
obieqti.studenti.gvari = textBox1.Text;
obieqti.studenti.fakulteti = textBox2.Text;
86
obieqti.studenti.kursi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
obieqti.studenti.Metodi_Universiteti();
}
.
, .
.
" " .
, .
, , ,
, .
, .
:
.
.
.

.
struct .
.
{
//
5.13
//

public struct Samkutxedi
{
//
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
//
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
//
public int Perimetri()
{
}
}
{
87
Samkutxedi struqtura = new Samkutxedi(g1, g2, g3);
int Shedegi = struqtura.Perimetri();
label1.Text = Shedegi.ToString();
}
}
. ,
Samkutxedi struqtura1 = new Samkutxedi(g1, g2, g3);
Samkutxedi struqtura2 = struqtura1;

C# System.Random .
5.1 ,
.
5.1. Random .
int Random.Next(int )
,

double Random.NextDouble()
,
0.0- 1.0-
void Random.NextBytes(byte[ ]
,
)
byte
,
.
Next() .
{
//
5.14
//
label1.Text="";
int max = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int striqoni = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
int sveti = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
int[,] mas = new int[striqoni, sveti];
System.Random obieqti = new System.Random();
for ( int i = 0; i < striqoni; i++ )
for ( int j = 0; j < sveti; j++ )
mas[i, j] = obieqti.Next(max);
for ( int i = 0; i < striqoni; i++ )
88
{
for ( int j = 0; j < sveti; j++ )
label1.Text += mas[i, j].ToString() + " ";
}
}
NextBytes()
.
{
//
5.15
//

//

label1.Text="";
byte[] mas = new byte[5];
obieqti.NextBytes(mas);
for ( int i = 0; i < mas.Length; i++ )
label1.Text += mas[i].ToString() + " ";
}
89
6. .

. , .
Samkutxedi .
//
6.1
//

class Samkutxedi
{
int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3;
int perimetri;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
/*
IgiveSamkutxedi() true , Sam1
,
*/
public bool IgiveSamkutxedi(Samkutxedi Sam1)
{
if ( ( Sam1.gverdi1 == gverdi1 ) && ( Sam1.gverdi2 == gverdi2 ) &&
( Sam1.gverdi3 == gverdi3 ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
/*
IgivePerimetri() true , Sam1
,
*/
public bool IgivePerimetri(Samkutxedi Sam1)
{
if ( Sam1.perimetri == perimetri ) return true;
else return false;
}
}
{
int arg1, arg2, arg3;
arg1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
90
Samkutxedi obieqti1 = new Samkutxedi(arg1, arg2, arg3);
Samkutxedi obieqti2 = new Samkutxedi(10, 2, 5);
Samkutxedi obieqti3 = new Samkutxedi(Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text),
Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text), Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text));
label1.Text = " --- " +
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2).ToString();
label2.Text = " --- " +
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti3).ToString();
label3.Text = " --- " +
obieqti2.IgivePerimetri(obieqti3).ToString();
}
Samkutxedi
IgiveSamkutxedi() . Sam1 , IgiveSamkutxedi, .. Sam1
Samkutxedi . , Sam1
. ( Sam1.gverdi1 ==
gverdi1 ) Sam1 gverdi1
gverdi1 .
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2) . obieqti1 .
obieqti2- Sam1 , , Sam1.gverdi1 gverdi1
obieqti2-, (==) gverdi1 obieqti1-, .

.
.
. ,
. ,
.
.
( ). ,
. ,
.
.
,
int double, . ,
. .
//
6.2
//

class Chveulebrivi_Tipi
{
//
public void metodi(int par1, int par2)
91
{
par1 = par1 + par2;
par2 = - par2;
}
}
{
Chveulebrivi_Tipi obieqti = new Chveulebrivi_Tipi();
label1.Text = " : " +
ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString();
obieqti.metodi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
//
metodi
ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString();
}
, ( )
.
new ,
. ,
, .
, .

.
//
6.3
//

class Mimartviti_tipi
{
public int cvladi1, cvladi2;
public Mimartviti_tipi(int par1, int par2)
{
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
//
public void shecvla(Mimartviti_tipi obieqti1)
{
obieqti1.cvladi1 = obieqti1.cvladi1 + obieqti1.cvladi2;
obieqti1.cvladi2 = -obieqti1.cvladi2;
}
}
{
92
Mimartviti_tipi obieqti2 = new Mimartviti_tipi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti2.cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2.cvladi2.ToString();
obieqti2.shecvla(obieqti2);
obieqti2.cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2.cvladi2.ToString();
}
obieqti2.shecvla(obieqti2) obieqti2 shecvla
. obieqti2. , obieqti2- obieqti1
. , obieqti1 obieqti2
. , obieqti1
obieqti2 .
ref out
, (, int char)
.
. , ref out ,

, .

,
.
ref
ref
. ref
. gacvla() ,
. ,
. , ref
,
.
ref ,
. .
//
6.4
//
ref
class RicxvebisGacvla
{
//

public void gacvla(ref int par1, ref int par2)
{
int temp;
93
temp = par1;
par1 = par2;
par2 = temp;
}
}
{
//
RicxvebisGacvla obieqti = new RicxvebisGacvla();
//

label1.Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString();
obieqti.gacvla(ref ricxvi1, ref ricxvi2);
//

}
gacvla() ricxvi1 ricxvi2
, par1 par2 .
, ricxvi1 par1 . ricxvi2
par2 . , par1 par2
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 .
out
.
, , out
. out
, . out
.
, .
out .
//
6.5
//
out
class Samkutxedi
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
94
public int SamkutxediInfo(out bool TolGverda)

{
if ( ( gverdi1 == gverdi2 ) && ( gverdi1 == gverdi3 ) && ( gverdi2 == gverdi3 ) ) TolGverda = true;
else TolGverda = false;
}
}
{
int gv1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Samkutxedi obieqti = new Samkutxedi(gv1, gv2, gv3);
int perimetri;
bool ArisTolgverda;
perimetri = obieqti.SamkutxediInfo(out ArisTolgverda);
if ( ArisTolgverda ) label2.Text = " ";
label1.Text = " = " + perimetri.ToString();
}
SamkutxediInfo() .
, - ArisTolgverda . true
, ,
- false .
params

. ,
. params .
. params
, 0, 1
.. . maxSidide
. .
//
6.6
//
params
class Maximumi
{
public int maxSidide(params int[ ] ricxvebi)
{
int max;
if ( ricxvebi.Length == 0 )
{
// ,
return 0;
95
}
max = ricxvebi[0];
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi < ricxvebi.Length; indexi++ )
if ( ricxvebi[indexi] > max ) max = ricxvebi[indexi];
return max;
}
}
{
Maximumi obieqti = new Maximumi();
int maximaluri;
int i1 = 15, i2 = 25;
int i3 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int[ ] masivi = new int[] { 11, 22, -33, -44, 5 };
//

maximaluri = obieqti.maxSidide(i1, i2);
label1.Text = maximaluri.ToString();
//

maximaluri = obieqti.maxSidide(i1, i2, -30, i3);
//

maximaluri = obieqti.maxSidide(masivi);
}
maxSidide()
ricxvebi .
ricxvebi . , , ..
maxSidide() ,
:
maximumi = obieqti.maxSidide();
, params
. , maxSidide()
. ,
if ( ricxvebi.Length == 0 )
.
, , ,
.
, .
, .
ShowArgs() - string , int .
//
6.7
//

//

class ChemiKlasi
{
96
string str1;
public string Metodi(string striqoni, params int[ ] ricxvebi)
{
int jami = 0;
foreach ( int ricxvi in ricxvebi )
jami += ricxvi;
str1 = striqoni + " ";
str1 += jami.ToString();
return str1;
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi();
label1.Text=obieqti.Metodi(" 5 . : ", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
label2.Text = obieqti.Metodi(" 2 . : ", 6, 7);
}

,
. .
, -
.
//
6.8
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
string[ ] xili = { "", "", "", "" };
//
public string StriqonisDabruneba(int indexi)
{
if ( ( indexi >= 0 ) & ( indexi < xili.Length ) ) return xili[indexi];
else return " ";
}
}
{
//

label1.Text = obieqti.StriqonisDabruneba(3);
label2.Text = obieqti.StriqonisDabruneba(15);
}
97
//
6.9
//

class ChemiKlasi_1
{
public string xilis_saxeli;
public int kodi;
public ChemiKlasi_1(string par1, int par2)
{
xilis_saxeli = par1;
kodi = par2;
}
}
class ChemiKlasi_2
{
string[ ] xili = { " ", " ", " ", " " };
int[ ] kodebi = { 1, 0, 3, 7};
//
public ChemiKlasi_1 ObieqtisDabruneba(int indexi)
{
if ( ( indexi >= 0 ) && ( indexi < xili.Length ) )
//
ChemiKlasi_1
return new ChemiKlasi_1(xili[indexi], kodebi[indexi]);
else return new ChemiKlasi_1(" ", indexi);
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi_2 obieqti1 = new ChemiKlasi_2();
ChemiKlasi_1 obieqti2;
obieqti2 = obieqti1.ObieqtisDabruneba(3);
label1.Text = obieqti2.xilis_saxeli + obieqti2.kodi.ToString();
obieqti2 = obieqti1.ObieqtisDabruneba(20);
label2.Text = obieqti2.xilis_saxeli + obieqti2.kodi.ToString();
}
.
C#
,
. ,
.
- .
,
. ,
98
. .
//
6.10
//

class Gadatvirtva
{
//

public string Metodi()
{
return " ";
}
//
double
public double Metodi(double par1)
{
return Math.Pow(par1, 2);
}
//
int
public int Metodi(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 + par2;
}
//
double
public double Metodi(double par1, double par2)
{
return par1 + par2;
}
}
{
Gadatvirtva obieqti = new Gadatvirtva();
int ricxvi1;
double wiladi1, wiladi2;
string striqoni;
//
Metodi
striqoni = obieqti.Metodi();
label1.Text = striqoni;
wiladi2 = obieqti.Metodi(5.7);
label2.Text = " . = " + wiladi2.ToString();
ricxvi1 = obieqti.Metodi(5, 10);
label3.Text = " . = " + ricxvi1.ToString();
wiladi1 = obieqti.Metodi(5.5, 10.10);
label4.Text = " . = " + wiladi1.ToString();
}
Metodi() .
. , -
- .
-
99
, .
.
//
6.11
//

//

class Gadatvirtva
{
public int Metodi( int par1 )
{
return par1;
}
public double Metodi( double par1 )
{
return par1;
}
}
{
int i1 = 15;
double d1 = 15.15;
byte b1 = 33;
short s1 = 20;
float f1 = 5.5F;
//
Metodi(int par1)
label1.Text = obieqti.Metodi(i1).ToString();
//
Metodi(double par1)
label2.Text = obieqti.Metodi(d1).ToString();
//
Metodi(int par1)
label3.Text = obieqti.Metodi(b1).ToString();
//
Metodi(int par1)
label4.Text = obieqti.Metodi(s1).ToString();
//
Metodi(double par1)
label5.Text = obieqti.Metodi(f1).ToString();
}
Metodi() int , double . int, double, byte, short float
. byte short
int . float
double .
ref out .
.
//
6.12
//
ref out
//

class Gadatvirtva
{
100
public int Metodi(int par1, out int par2)

{
par2 = par1 * par1;
return par1;
}
public int Metodi(ref int par3)
{
return par3;
}
}
{
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3, ricxvi4, ricxvi5;
ricxvi1 = obieqti.Metodi(ricxvi2, out ricxvi5);
ricxvi3 = obieqti.Metodi(ref ricxvi4);
}

.
.
.
//
6.13
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
public int x;
public ChemiKlasi()
{
x = 0;
}
public ChemiKlasi(int par1)
{
x = par1 * par1;
}
public ChemiKlasi(double par2)
{
x = (int) par2 + 10;
}
public ChemiKlasi(int par3, int par4)
101
{
x = par3 * par4;
}
}
{
int ricxvi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
ChemiKlasi obieqti1 = new ChemiKlasi();
label1.Text = "" + obieqti1.x.ToString();
ChemiKlasi obieqti2 = new ChemiKlasi(ricxvi);
ChemiKlasi obieqti3 = new ChemiKlasi(28.89);
ChemiKlasi obieqti4 = new ChemiKlasi(3, 5);
}
ChemiKlasi() .
.
,
.
.
//
6.14
//

//

class Shekreba
{
public int jami;
//
int
public Shekreba(int raodenoba)
{
jami = 0;
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= raodenoba; indexi++ )
jami += indexi;
}
//
,
//
,
public Shekreba(Shekreba obieqti)
{
jami = obieqti.jami;
}
}
{
Shekreba obieqti1 = new Shekreba(ricxvi1);
Shekreba obieqti2 = new Shekreba(obieqti1);
102
label1.Text = "";
label2.Text = "";
label1.Text = " 0- " + ricxvi1.ToString() + "- = " +
obieqti1.jami.ToString();
label2.Text = " = " + obieqti2.jami.ToString();
}
,
- . textBox1
. jami

.
this

. C# this
. :
_(_) : this(_)
{

}

, ,
.
.
//
6.15
//
this
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
public int cvladi1, cvladi2;
public ChemiKlasi() : this(0,0)
{
MessageBox.Show(" ChemiKlasi() ");
}
public ChemiKlasi(ChemiKlasi obieqti) : this(obieqti.cvladi1, obieqti.cvladi2)
{
MessageBox.Show(" ChemiKlasi(obieqti.cvladi1, obieqti.cvladi2)
");
}
{
MessageBox.Show(" ChemiKlasi(int, int) ");
cvladi1 = par1;
103
cvladi2 = par2;
}
}
{
//
this
//

ChemiKlasi obieqti1 = new ChemiKlasi();
ChemiKlasi obieqti2 = new ChemiKlasi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
ChemiKlasi obieqti3 = new ChemiKlasi(obieqti2);
label1.Text = " ";
label2.Text = " ";
label3.Text = " ";
label1.Text = obieqti1.cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti1.cvladi2.ToString();
}
ChemiKlasi - ChemiKlasi(int, int).
this ChemiKlasi(int, int)
. , obieqti1 ChemiKlasi(), this(0,0) . .. this
ChemiKlasi(0,0) .
ChemiKlasi() , , MessageBox() .
obieqti2 obieqti3 .
this . this
(cvladi1 = par1; cvladi2 = par2) .
. ,
, - .
, .
. N
N!- 1- N-. , 4-
1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 24.
.
//
6.16
//

class Factorial
{
//

104
public int factor(int ricxvi)

{
int shedegi;
if ( ricxvi == 1 ) return 1;
shedegi = factor(ricxvi -1) * ricxvi;
return shedegi;
}
}
{
Factorial obieqti = new Factorial();
int number = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int fact1;
label1.Text = "";
fact1 = obieqti.factor(number);
label1.Text = fact1.ToString();
}

.
. , ,
1- . 1-.
,
. , .
, ,
(). ,
:
.
,
. , ,
.. , ,
.

static
,
. ,
,
.
static .
static ,
. static ,
.
,
(.) .
105
. ,

.
.
.
,
. ,
0 ( ), null
( ) false (bool ). ,
static .

.
//
6.17
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
//

public static int Statikuri_cvladi = 100;
//

public static int Statikuri_Metodi()
{
return Statikuri_cvladi / 2;
}
}
{
label1.Text = ChemiKlasi.Statikuri_cvladi.ToString();
//

ChemiKlasi.Statikuri_cvladi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
label2.Text = ChemiKlasi.Statikuri_cvladi.ToString();
label3.Text = ChemiKlasi.Statikuri_Metodi().ToString();
}

.
:
this ;
.

(..
).
.
//
6.18
//

//

class ChemiKlasi
106
{
int ricxvi1;
//

static int ricxvi2 = 555;
//

//

void ChveulebriviMetodi(Label lab1)
{
ricxvi1 = 50;
ricxvi2 = 70;
lab1.Text = " ricxvi1 - " + ricxvi1.ToString() +
"\n ricxvi2 - " + ricxvi2.ToString();
}
//

public static void StatikuriMetodi(ChemiKlasi obieqti, Label lab2)
{
obieqti.ChveulebriviMetodi(lab2);
//

}
}
{
ChemiKlasi obj = new ChemiKlasi();
ChemiKlasi.StatikuriMetodi(obj, label1);
}
const .
, .
. , .
.
//
6.19
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
public const int mudmiva = 5;
//

}
{
label1.Text = ChemiKlasi.mudmiva.ToString();
}

.
,
. (),
.
.
107
//
6.20
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
//

public readonly int MxolodWakitxvadiVeli;
//

public static readonly int mudmiva = 5;
//

public ChemiKlasi(int par1)
{
MxolodWakitxvadiVeli = par1;
}
}
{
label1.Text = ChemiKlasi.mudmiva.ToString();
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi(ricxvi);
label2.Text = obieqti.MxolodWakitxvadiVeli.ToString();
}
108
7. .

, -
. ,
.
. , ,
, ,
100 , .
- , - , ,
- .
C# ,
, () . ,
,
. ,
, ,
.
:
class __ : __
{

}
,
.
.
, .
.
, ,
,
,
. ,
.
, .
Sibrtye ,
, . Sibrtye
Samkutxedi Otxkutxedi .
.
//
7.1
//

//

class Sibrtye
{
public double gverdi1;
109
public string Naxva()

{
return " \n" + gverdi1.ToString()+ " " + gverdi2.ToString();
}
}
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
class Samkutxedi : Sibrtye
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
{
public string tipi;
public double Partobi()
{
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
return gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
}
public double Perimetri()
{
}
public string TipisNaxva()
{
return " - " + tipi.ToString();
}
}
class Otxkutxedi : Sibrtye
//
Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
{
{
//
Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
return gverdi1 * gverdi2;
}
public double Perimetri()
{
return ( gverdi1 + gverdi2 ) * 2;
}
}
{
Samkutxedi samkutxedi = new Samkutxedi();
Otxkutxedi otxkutxedi = new Otxkutxedi();
samkutxedi.gverdi1 = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
samkutxedi.tipi = "";
//
samkutxedi
label1.Text = samkutxedi.TipisNaxva();
label2.Text = samkutxedi.Naxva();
110
label3.Text = samkutxedi.Partobi().ToString();
label4.Text = samkutxedi.Perimetri().ToString();
//
otxkutxedi.gverdi1 = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
otxkutxedi.gverdi2 = Convert.ToDouble(textBox2.Text);
//
otxkutxedi
label5.Text = otxkutxedi.Naxva();
label6.Text = otxkutxedi.Partobi().ToString();
label7.Text = otxkutxedi.Perimetri().ToString();
}
Sibrtye .
, , .. Samkutxedi , Sibrtye
, ,
- . Samkutxedi Sibrtye
tipi , , Perimetri(), Partobi() TipisNaxva() .
tipi , TipisNaxva()
.
Samkutxedi Sibrtye ,
Partobi() gverdi1 gverdi2 . , (.)
figura gverdi1 gverdi2
, .
, Sibrtye Samkutxedi ,
, .
, :
{
Sibrtye figura = new Sibrtye();
Figura.gverdi1 = 15;
Figura.gverdi2 = 25;
Figura.Naxva();
}
Sibrtye .
protected

. ,
. protected
.
.
C# .
.
protected .
, protected .
//
7.2
//
protected
class Sibrtye
111
{
//
Samkutxedi
protected int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3;
public void Inicializacia(int a, int b, int c)
{
gverdi1 = a;
gverdi2 = b;
gverdi3 = c;
}
{
return gverdi1.ToString() + " " + gverdi2.ToString() + " " + gverdi3.ToString();
}
}
{
int shedegi;
//
Partobi() Sibrtye
//
gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3
public void Partobi()
{
shedegi = gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
}
public string PartobisNaxva()
{
return shedegi.ToString();
}
}
{
//
protected
Samkutxedi obieqti = new Samkutxedi();
// Inicializacia() Naxva() Samkutxedi
obieqti.Inicializacia(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1.Text = obieqti.Naxva();
obieqti.Partobi();
label2.Text = obieqti.PartobisNaxva();
}
. base
.
112
, .
( ) , ..
- . ,
.

,
,
.
, ,
,
. base ,
. , ,
.
base
. :
___ (_) : base (_)
{
.
base .
//
7.3
//

class Sibrtye
{
protected double sigane;
//

protected double simagle;
//
Sibrtye
public Sibrtye(double w, double h)
{
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
}
{
return " \n" +
sigane.ToString() + " " + simagle.ToString();
}
}
//
{
string tipi;
//

//

public Samkutxedi(string s, double w, double h) : base(w, h)
113
{
tipi = s;
}
{
return sigane * simagle / 2;
}
{
return "samkuTxedis tipia - " + tipi;
}
}
{
Samkutxedi sam1 = new Samkutxedi("tolgverda", 5.5, 5.5);
//
sam1
label1.Text = sam1.TipisNaxva();
label2.Text = sam1.Naxva();
label3.Text = sam1.Partobi().ToString();
}
Samkutxedi base
Sibrtye w h . , sigane
simagle . , Samkutxedi
tipi , .
,
base .
, .
base
. .. base
. .
base ,
.

.

.
,
,
new . new
.
,
base . :
base._
114
_ . base
, this , ,
base .
base
.
//
7.4
//
base
//

class SabazoKlasi
{
public int i = 0;
}
//
class MemkvidreKlasi : SabazoKlasi
{
new int i;
//
i SabazoKlasi i
public MemkvidreKlasi(int a, int b)
{
base.i = a;
// SabazoKlasi i
// base
i = b;
// MemkvidreKlasi i
}
public void Naxva(Label lab1)
{
//
SabazoKlasi i
lab1.Text = "i - " + base.i.ToString();
//
MemkvidreKlasi i
lab1.Text += "\ni - " + i.ToString();
}
}
{
MemkvidreKlasi obieqti = new MemkvidreKlasi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti.Naxva(label1);
}
obieqti i SabazoKlasi i . base
i
. base , ,
. base
.
//
7.5
//
base
//

class SabazoKlasi
115
{
public int i = 0;
{
lab1.Text = "i - " + i.ToString();
}
}
//

{
new int i;
//
i SabazoKlasi i
public MemkvidreKlasi(int a, int b)
{
base.i = a;
//
SabazoKlasi i base
//

i = b;
//
i MemkvidreKlasi
}
//
Naxva() SabazoKlasi Naxva()
new public void Naxva(Label lab1)
{
base.Naxva(lab1);
// SabazoKlasi Naxva()
lab1.Text += "\ni - " + i.ToString();
}
}
{
MemkvidreKlasi obieqti = new MemkvidreKlasi(5, 10);
}

,
. C# , .
. , Klasi3 Klasi2
, Klasi1 .
Klasi3 Klasi1 Klasi2 .
.
Sibrtye . Samkutxedi ,
FeradiSamkutxedi . FeradiSamkutxedi Sibrtye
Samkutxedi . FeradiSamkutxedi peri
, .
FeradiSamkutxedi ,
Sibrtye Samkutxedi .
116
//
7.6
//

class Sibrtye
{
protected double sigane;
//

protected double simagle;
//

public Sibrtye()
{
sigane = simagle = 0.0;
}
//

public Sibrtye(double w, double h)
{
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
}
//
, , sigane simagle
//

public Sibrtye(double x)
{
sigane = simagle = x;
}
{
return " \n" + sigane.ToString() +
" " + simagle.ToString();
}
}
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
{
string tipi;
//
. Sibrtye
public Samkutxedi()
{
tipi = "";
}
//

public Samkutxedi(string s, double w, double h) : base(w, h)
{
tipi = s;
}
//

public Samkutxedi(double x) : base(x)
{
tipi = "";
117
}
{
}
{
return " - " + tipi;
}
}
//
FeradiSamkutxedi Samkutxedi
class FeradiSamkutxedi : Samkutxedi
{
string peri;
public FeradiSamkutxedi(string c, string s, double w, double h) : base(s, w, h)
{
peri = c;
}
//

public string PerisNaxva()
{
return " - " + peri;
}
}
{
FeradiSamkutxedi sam1 = new FeradiSamkutxedi(", ", " ", 5.0, 15.0);
label1.Text = sam1.TipisNaxva();
label2.Text = sam1.Naxva();
label3.Text = sam1.PerisNaxva();
label4.Text = sam1.Partobi().ToString();
}
, base
. base Samkutxedi
, Sibrtye . base
FeradiSamkutxedi , Samkutxedi
. ,

"" ,
.

,
- . ,
, base
. ,
.
118
.
//
7.7
//

class Klasi1
{
public Klasi1()
{
MessageBox.Show("Klasi1 ");
}
}
//
Klasi1
class Klasi2 : Klasi1
{
public Klasi2()
{
}
}
//
{
public Klasi3()
{
}
}
{
Klasi3 obieqti = new Klasi3();
}

.
.
.
//
7.8
//

//

class SabazoKlasi
{
public int ricxvi1;
public SabazoKlasi(int i)
{
ricxvi1 = i;
119
}
}
{
public int ricxvi2;
public MemkvidreKlasi(int i, int j) : base(j)
{
ricxvi2 = i;
}
}
{
SabazoKlasi Sabazo_Obieqti1 = new SabazoKlasi(ricxvi);
SabazoKlasi Sabazo_Obieqti2;
MemkvidreKlasi Memkvidre_Obieqti = new MemkvidreKlasi(2, 5);
// ,
Sabazo_Obieqti2 = Sabazo_Obieqti1;
label1.Text = Sabazo_Obieqti2.ricxvi1.ToString();
//
, MemkvidreKlasi
//
SabazoKlasi-
Sabazo_Obieqti2 = Memkvidre_Obieqti;
Sabazo_Obieqti2.ricxvi1 = 35;
//

label2.Text = Sabazo_Obieqti2.ricxvi1.ToString();
//
Sabazo_Obieqti2.ricxvi2 = 50;
//
! ricxvi2
//
SabazoKlasi
}
MemkvidreKlasi SabazoKlasi . ,
Sabazo_Obieqti2 Memkvidre_Obieqti .
,
, ,
. , ,
,
, .
Sabazo_Obieqti2 ricxvi2 ,
Sabazo_Obieqti2 MemkvidreKlasi .
, "" ,
.

.
, . ,
.
120
. " - " -
.
, virtual
, ,
.
.
, .
.
, ,
. ,
, ( ),
. ,
,
,

.
virtual ,
override .
,
, ,
, .
static abstract (
).

. ,

.
,
.
//
7.9
//

class SabazoKlasi
{
//

public virtual string Naxva()
//

{
return "Base Naxva() ";
}
}
class MemkvidreKlasi1 : SabazoKlasi
{
//
public override string Naxva() //

{
return "MemkvidreKlasi1 Naxva() ";
121
}
}
{
public override string Naxva() //
{
retutn "MemkvidreKlasi2 Naxva() ";
}
}
{
//

SabazoKlasi Sabazo_Obieqti = new SabazoKlasi();
MemkvidreKlasi1 Memkvidre_Obieqti1 = new MemkvidreKlasi1();
//

SabazoKlasi Mimartviti_Cvladi;
Mimartviti_Cvladi = Sabazo_Obieqti;
label1.Text = Mimartviti_Cvladi.Naxva();
Mimartviti_Cvladi = Memkvidre_Obieqti1;
}
SabazoKlasi , ,
MemkvidreKlasi1 MemkvidreKlasi2. SabazoKlasi Naxva() ,
SabazoKlasi, MemkvidreKlasi1 MemkvidreKlasi2 , ,

SabazoKlasi Mimartviti_Cvladi .
. Naxva()
. ,
Naxva() ,
Mimartviti_Cvladi .
.
, .
.
//
7.10
//
,
//

class SabazoKlasi
{
//

public virtual void Naxva(Label lab1)
//

{
122
lab1.Text = "SabazoKlasi Naxva() ";

}
}
{
//
public override void Naxva(Label lab1) //
{
lab1.Text = "MemkvidreKlasi1 Naxva() ";
}
}
{
//

}
{
//

SabazoKlasi Sabazo_Obieqti = new SabazoKlasi();
//

SabazoKlasi Mimartviti_Cvladi;
Mimartviti_Cvladi = Sabazo_Obieqti;
Mimartviti_Cvladi.Naxva(label1);
Mimartviti_Cvladi.Naxva(label2);
//
SabazoKlasi Naxva()
//
Mimartviti_Cvladi.Naxva();
Memkvidre_Obieqti2.Naxva(label3);
}
MemkvidreKlasi2 Naxva() , ,
MemkvidreKlasi2 Naxva() SabazoKlasi
Naxva() .
. Sibrtye
Partobi() . .
(, ..). .
//
7.11
//

//

class Sibrtye
{
123
public double sigane;

//

public double simagle;
public string saxeli;
//

public Sibrtye()
{
saxeli = "";
}
//

public Sibrtye(double w, double h, string n)
{
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
saxeli = n;
}
//

public Sibrtye(double x, string n)
{
saxeli = n;
}
//

public Sibrtye(Sibrtye obieqti)
{
sigane = obieqti.sigane;
simagle = obieqti.simagle;
saxeli = obieqti.saxeli;
}
public void Naxva()
{
MessageBox.Show(" " + sigane.ToString() + " " +
simagle.ToString());
}
public virtual double Partobi()
{
MessageBox.Show(" ");
return 0.0;
}
}
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
{
string tipi;
//

public Samkutxedi()
{
124
tipi = "";
}
//
,
public Samkutxedi(string s, double w, double h) : base(w, h, "")
{
tipi = s;
}
//
,
public Samkutxedi(double x) : base(x, " ")

{
tipi = "";
}
//

public Samkutxedi(Samkutxedi obieqti) : base(obieqti)
{
tipi = obieqti.tipi;
}
//
Partobi() Samkutxedi
public override double Partobi()
{
}
public void TipisNaxva()
{
MessageBox.Show(" - " + tipi);
}
}
//
Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
{
//
,
//
,
public Otxkutxedi(double w, double h) : base(w, h, " ")
{
}
//
,
public Otxkutxedi(double x) : base(x, "") { }

//

public Otxkutxedi(Otxkutxedi obieqti) : base(obieqti) { }
public bool ArisKvadrati()
{
if ( sigane == simagle ) return true;
return false;
}
//
Partobi() Otxkutxedi
125

{
return sigane * simagle;
}
}
{
label1.Text = " ";
//
Sibrtye figurebi
Sibrtye[ ] figurebi = new Sibrtye[5];
figurebi[0] = new Samkutxedi("", 5.0, 15.0);
figurebi[1] = new Otxkutxedi(15);
figurebi[2] = new Otxkutxedi(15, 5);
figurebi[3] = new Samkutxedi(5.5);
figurebi[4] = new Sibrtye(15, 25, "");
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < figurebi.Length; indexi++ )
{
label1.Text += figurebi[indexi].saxeli + " - = " +
figurebi[indexi].Partobi().ToString() + '\n';
}
}
Sibrtye Partobi()
. Samkutxedi Otxkutxedi . Sibrtye
Partobi() .
,
. , Partobi()
,
.
figurebi , Sibrtye
. Samkutxedi, Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
. ,
.

,
,
, .
. ,
,
. , ( )
.

, .
abstract .
126
, () .
, virtual
. , virtual abstract
.
:
abstract _ (_);
. abstract

.
, ,
, .. abstract
. , ,
, new
.
,
. ,
abstract . , abstract
, .. ,
.
Sibrtye .
Partobi() ,
. , Sibrtye
Partobi()
.
//
7.12
//

abstract class Sibrtye
//

{
public double sigane;
//

public double simagle;
public string saxeli;
//

public Sibrtye()
{
saxeli = "";
}
//

public Sibrtye(double w, double h, string n)
{
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
saxeli = n;
}
//
, , sigane
//
simagle
public Sibrtye(double x, string n)
127
{
saxeli = n;
}
//

public Sibrtye(Sibrtye obieqti)
{
sigane = obieqti.sigane;
simagle = obieqti.simagle;
saxeli = obieqti.saxeli;
}
public void Naxva()
{
MessageBox.Show(" " +
sigane.ToString() + " " + simagle.ToString());
}
//
Partobi()
public abstract double Partobi();
}
//
{
string tipi;
//

public Samkutxedi()
{
tipi = "nuli";
}
//
Samkutxedi
public Samkutxedi(string s, double w, double h) : base(w, h, "")
{
tipi = s;
}
//
,
public Samkutxedi(double x) : base(x, " ")
{
tipi = "";
}
//

public Samkutxedi(Samkutxedi obieqti) : base(obieqti)
{
tipi = obieqti.tipi;
}
//
Partobi() Samkutxedi
{
128
}
public void TipisNaxva()
{
MessageBox.Show(" - " + tipi);
}
}
// Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
{
// ,
public Otxkutxedi(double w, double h) : base(w, h, "")
{
//

}
//
, ,
//
,
public Otxkutxedi(double x) : base(x, "") { }
//

public Otxkutxedi(Otxkutxedi obieqti) : base(obieqti) { }
public bool ArisKvadrati()
{
if ( sigane == simagle ) return true;
return false;
}
//
Partobi() Otxkutxedi
{
return sigane * simagle;
}
}
{
label2.Text = " ";
Sibrtye[ ] figurebi = new Sibrtye[4];
figurebi[0] = new Samkutxedi("", 5.0, 15.0);
figurebi[1] = new Otxkutxedi(15);
figurebi[2] = new Otxkutxedi(15, 5);
figurebi[3] = new Samkutxedi(5.5);
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < figurebi.Length; indexi++ )
{
label2.Text += figurebi[indexi].saxeli + " - = " +
figurebi[indexi].Partobi().ToString() + '\n';
}
figurebi[0].Naxva();
}
, Sibrtye ,
129
Sibrtye . , ,
,
.

,
. sealed
. . .
:
//
7.13
//

sealed class Klasi1
{
//
Klasi1
}
//

//
! Klasi1
{
//
Klasi2
}
Klasi1 sealed ,
. , , abstract sealed
.

sealed , ,
.
.
:
//
7.14
//

class Sabazo
{
public virtual void Metodi(Label lab1)
{
lab1.Text = " ";
}
}
class Memkvidre : Sabazo
{
sealed public override void Metodi(Label lab1)
{
lab1.Text += "\n ";
130
}
}
{
//
Memkvidre obieqti = new Memkvidre();
obieqti.Metodi(label1);
}
Memkvidre , Metodi
, ,
sealed .

,
.
, .

, . .
, Klasi3 Klasi2- , Klasi2 Klasi1- ,
Klasi3 Klasi1 Klasi2 . , Klasi1, Klasi2 Klasi3
.
, ,
, .
, . ,
Klasi2 Klasi1- Klasi3 Klasi1- , Klasi2 Klasi3
. .
//
7.15
//

class Sabazo
{
public int ricxvi1;
}
class Memkvidre1 : Sabazo
{
public int ricxvi2;
}
class Memkvidre2 : Sabazo
{
public int ricxvi3;
}
{
Memkvidre1 memkvidre_obj1 = new Memkvidre1();
// . memkvidre_obj1- Sabazo
Sabazo sabazo_obj1 = ( Sabazo ) memkvidre_obj1;
131
sabazo_obj1.ricxvi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
label1.Text = sabazo_obj1.ricxvi1.ToString();
Memkvidre2 memkvidre_obj2 = new Memkvidre2();
// . memkvidre_obj2- Sabazo
Sabazo sabazo_obj2 = ( Sabazo ) memkvidre_obj2;
sabazo_obj1.ricxvi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label2.Text = sabazo_obj1.ricxvi1.ToString();
// . sabazo_obj2- Memkvidre2
Memkvidre2 memkvidre_obj3 = ( Memkvidre2 ) sabazo_obj2;
memkvidre_obj3.ricxvi3 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
label3.Text = memkvidre_obj3.ricxvi3.ToString();
}
object
C# object ,
. , object , ..
object
. object - System.Object ,
.NET Framework .
132
8. ,
,
() .
,
(
- ). ,
, . ,
, .

.
get set . get
, set
. set value
, .
,
, .
get set . , .
.
get set , .
:
_ _
{
get
{
get
}
set
{
set
}
}
(, int ).
, .
, set .
, get .
ChemiTviseba ,
Tviseba .
.
//
8.1
//

class MartiviTviseba
{
133
int cvladi;
public MartiviTviseba()
{
cvladi = 0;
}
//
ChemiTviseba
public int ChemiTviseba
{
get
{
return cvladi;
}
set
{
//
tviseba value
if ( value >= 0 ) cvladi = value;
}
}
}
{
//
MartiviTviseba obieqti = new MartiviTviseba();
label1.Text = obieqti.ChemiTviseba.ToString();
//
ChemiTviseba ricxvi
obieqti.ChemiTviseba = ricxvi;
// ricxvi
// value
//
obieqti.ChemiTviseba
obieqti.ChemiTviseba = -ricxvi;
}
.
tviseba ChemiTviseba , .
tviseba , ChemiTviseba
.
ChemiTviseba public,
. get
, set tviseba
, . , ChemiTviseba
tviseba .
:
- , ref out .
- .
- get .
134

, ,
.
,
.
. .

:
_ _ this[_ ]
{
get
get
{
get
}
set
set
{
set
}
}
_ .
get set.

.

, .
, set
. ,
get .
get set , .

.
//
8.2
//

class Manqana
{
private string marka;
private string modeli;
//

public Manqana(string marka, string modeli)
{
this.marka = marka;
135
this.modeli = modeli;
}
//

public string this[int index]
{
get
{
switch ( index )
{
case 0 : return marka;
case 1 : return modeli;
default : return " ";
}
}
set
{
switch ( index )
{
case 0 : this.marka = value; break;
case 1 : this.modeli = value; break;
}
}
}
}
{
Manqana ChemiManqana = new Manqana("Toiota", "MR2");
label1.Text = ChemiManqana[0].ToString();
ChemiManqana[0] = "BMW";
ChemiManqana[1] = "MR3";
}
- ,
. ,
.
.
//
8.3
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
int[ ] masivi;
//
masivi
public int Sigrdze;
public bool alami;
//
alami , ,
//

136
public ChemiKlasi(int zoma)

{
masivi = new int[zoma];
Sigrdze = zoma;
}
//

public int this[int index]
{
//
get
get
{
if ( Shemowmeba(index) )
{
alami = false;
return masivi[index];
}
else
{
alami = true;
return 0;
}
}
//
set
set
{
if ( Shemowmeba(index) )
{
masivi[index] = value;
alami = false;
}
else alami = true;
}
}
//
true ,
//
public bool Shemowmeba(int index)

{
if ( ( index >= 0 ) & ( index < Sigrdze ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi(5);
int ricxvi;
//
masivi
for ( int i = 0; i < ( obieqti.Sigrdze * 2 ); i++ )
137
obieqti[i] = i * 10;
// set
{
ricxvi = obieqti[i];
// get
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) label2.Text = ricxvi.ToString();
}
//
,
label3.Text = "";
{
obieqti[i] = i * 10;
if ( obieqti.alami )
label1.Text = " ";
}
{
ricxvi = obieqti[i];
if ( !obieqti.Shemowmeba ) label1.Text += ricxvi.ToString();
}
}
}
,
.
:
int .
Shemowmeba .
, true ,
- false .
get Shemowmeba .
, .
, return 0; , ..
0. alami .

.
set Shemowmeba .
index , ,
value , .
.
:
ref out .

.
.
//
8.4
138
//

class ChemiKlasi
{
int[,] masivi;
//
masivi
//

public int Length;
public bool alami;
//
alami
//

//

{
striqoni = par1;
sveti = par2;
masivi = new int[striqoni, sveti];
Length = striqoni * sveti;
}
//

public int this[int index1, int index2]
{
// get
get
{
if ( Shemowmeba(index1, index2) )
{
alami = false;
return masivi[index1, index2];
}
else
{
alami = true;
return 0;
}
}
// set
set
{
if (Shemowmeba(index1, index2) )
{
masivi[index1, index2] = value;
alami = false;
}
else alami = true;
}
}
//
true ,
//

private bool Shemowmeba(int index1, int index2)
139
{
if ( ( ( index1 >= 0 ) && ( index1 < striqoni ) ) && ( ( index2 >= 0 ) && ( index2 < sveti ) ) ) return true;
return false;
}
}
{
//
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi(2,4);
int ricxvi;
//
0
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
obieqti[i, i] = i * 10;
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
ricxvi = obieqti[i, i];
if (ricxvi != -1 ) label2.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
}
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
obieqti[i, i] = i * 10;
if ( obieqti.alami ) label3.Text = " ";
}
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
ricxvi = obieqti[i, i];
if ( !obieqti.alami ) label3.Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
}
}
}

C# (
),
.
. ,
. , , , +
. ,
, ..
, . , . , +
, ,
- .
140
,
.
,
, ..
: + .
operator .
, .

C# - .
, . ,
.
:
_ static _ operator ( )
{

}
:
_ static _ operator (1 1,
2 2)
{

}
, , + -. _
, .

,
- ,
.
C#
. , +
, , int string .
. ,
ref out .

, + .
Sivrce ,
. + Sivrce
.
//
8.5
//
+
class Sivrce
{
int x, y, z;
//

public Sivrce()
{
141
x = y = z = 0;
}
public Sivrce(int a, int b, int c)
{
x = a;
y = b;
z = c;
}
//
+
public static Sivrce operator + (Sivrce operandi1, Sivrce operandi2)
{
Sivrce shedegi = new Sivrce();
//

shedegi.x = operandi1.x + operandi2.x;
//

shedegi.y = operandi1.y + operandi2.y;
//
,
shedegi.z = operandi1.z + operandi2.z;
//
+
//

return shedegi;
}
// x, y z
public string show()
{
return "x = " + x.ToString() + " y = " + y.ToString() + " z = " + z.ToString());
}
}
{
//

Sivrce obieqti1 = new Sivrce(3, 4, 5);
Sivrce obieqti3 = new Sivrce();
label1.Text = obieqti1.show();
// obieqti1-
// obieqti2-
// obieqti1- obieqti2-
obieqti3 = obieqti1 + obieqti2;
// obieqti1- obieqti2-
// obieqti1-, obieqti2- obieqti3-
obieqti3 = obieqti1 + obieqti2 + obieqti3;
}
operator +()
. x, y z , +
Sivrce
, .
- , +,
142
. , ,
- (.. A - B B - A ).
, .
, - .

, , .

.
,
.
++
.
//
8.6
//
++
class Sivrce
{
int x, y, z;
//

public Sivrce()
{
x = y = z = 0;
}
{
x = a;
y = b;
z = c;
}
//
++
public static Sivrce operator ++(Sivrce operandi)
{
//

operandi.x++;
operandi.y++;
operandi.z++;
return operandi;
}
// x, y z
public void show()
{
DialogResult pasuxi = MessageBox.Show("x="+x.ToString()+"\ny="+y.ToString()+"\nz="+z.ToString());
}
{
//

143
Sivrce obieqti = new Sivrce(3, 4, 5);

obieqti.show();
//
obieqti-
//
++
obieqti++;
obieqti.show();
}
, ++ -- .
.

.

, ==, !=, <, >, <= >=
. , true
false . ,
,
.
Sivrce , < >
.
,
. ,
.
//
8.7
//
> <
class Sivrce
{
int x, y, z;
//

public Sivrce()
{
x = y = z = 0;
}
{
x = a;
y = b;
z = c;
}
//
<
public static bool operator < (Sivrce operandi1, Sivrce operandi2)
{
if ( ( operandi1.x < operandi2.x ) && ( operandi1.y < operandi2.y ) &&
( operandi1.z < operandi2.z ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
//
>
public static bool operator > (Sivrce operandi1, Sivrce operandi2)
144
{
if ( ( operandi1.x > operandi2.x ) && ( operandi1.y > operandi2.y ) &&
( operandi1.z > operandi2.z ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
// x, y z
public void show()
{
DialogResult pasuxi =
MessageBox.Show("x = "+ x.ToString() + "\ny = " + y.ToString()+ "\nz = " + z.ToString());
}
{
//

obieqti1.show();
// obieqti1-
obieqti2.show();
// obieqti2-
if ( obieqti1 > obieqti2 )
label1.Text = " obieqti1 > obieqti2 ";
if ( obieqti1 < obieqti2 )
label1.Text = " obieqti1 < obieqti2 ";
}
.
, < , , >
. C# , ,
:
==
!=
<
>
<=
>=

. ,
.
,
. , :
&&
||
[]
()
new is
sizeof
Typeof ?
->
.
=
145
9. , ,

- , .
. , ,
. , ,
, .
, .
,
, (). ,
- ,
.
, .
- .
. .
,
. ,
. , .
delegate .
:
delegate _(_);
, ,
.
, ,
.
.
.
, .
:
//
9.1
//

delegate string Delegati(string striqoni1);
class ChemiKlasi
{
//

public static string shecvla(string striqoni2)
{
return striqoni2.Replace(' ', '-');
}
//

public static string washla(string striqoni2)
{
string temp = "";
146
int i;
for ( i = 0; i < striqoni2.Length; i++ )
if ( striqoni2[i] != ' ' ) temp += striqoni2[i];
return temp;
}
//

public static string shebruneba(string striqoni2)
{
string temp = "";
int i;
for ( i = striqoni2.Length - 1; i >= 0; i-- )
temp += striqoni2[i];
return temp;
}
}
{
//

Delegati obieqti = new Delegati(ChemiKlasi.shecvla);
string striqoni;
//
shecvla()
striqoni = obieqti(" .");
obieqti = new Delegati(ChemiKlasi.washla);
//
washla()
obieqti = new Delegati(ChemiKlasi.shebruneba);
//
shebruneba()
}
Delegati , string
string . ChemiKlasi
.
Delegati obieqti , shecvla()
.
Delegati obieqti = new Delegati(shecvla);
shecvla() .
, ..
, .

147
. ,
.
obieqti
shecvla()
. , obieqti washla()
washla() .
obieqti shebruneba()
.
, , ,
. .
//
9.2
//

delegate string Delegati(string striqoni1);
class ChemiKlasi
{
public string shecvla(string striqoni2)
{
return striqoni2.Replace(' ', '-');
}
public string washla(string striqoni2)
{
string temp = "";
int i;
if (striqoni2[i] != ' ') temp += striqoni2[i];
return temp;
}
public string shebruneba(string striqoni2)
{
string temp = "";
int i;
return temp;
}
}
{
//

Delegati delegati_obieqti = new Delegati(obieqti.shecvla);
string striqoni;
//

striqoni = delegati_obieqti(" ");
148
delegati_obieqti = new Delegati(obieqti.washla);

delegati_obieqti = new Delegati(obieqti.shebruneba);
}
,
. , ChemiKlasi
.

.

. .
,
, . (-),
+=
. , .
-= . ,
, ,
void .
,
. , void,

ref .
//
9.3
//

delegate void Delegati(ref string striqoni1);
class ChemiKlasi
{
public void shecvla(ref string striqoni2)
{
striqoni2 = striqoni2.Replace(' ', '-');
}
public void washla(ref string striqoni2)
{
string temp = "";
int i;
if (striqoni2[i] != ' ' ) temp += striqoni2[i];
striqoni2 = temp;
}
public void shebruneba(ref string striqoni2)
{
149
string temp = "";

int i;
striqoni2 = temp;
}
}
{
Delegati delegati_obieqti;
Delegati shecvla_mimartva = new Delegati(obieqti.shecvla);
Delegati washla_mimartva = new Delegati(obieqti.washla);
Delegati shebruneba_mimartva = new Delegati(obieqti.shebruneba);
string striqoni = " ";
//

delegati_obieqti = shecvla_mimartva;
delegati_obieqti += shebruneba_mimartva;
//

//

delegati_obieqti(ref striqoni);
//
shecvla washla
delegati_obieqti -= shecvla_mimartva;
delegati_obieqti += washla_mimartva; //

striqoni = " ";
//

}
(-). delegati_obieqti
null , .
. ,
, shecvla() shebruneba() .
:
delegati_obieqti = shecvla_mimartva;
delegati_obieqti += shebruneba_mimartva;
delegati_obieqti shecvla_mimartva .
+= shebruneba_mimartva .
delegati_obieqti shecvla() ,
shebruneba() . delegati_obieqti -= shecvla_mimartva;
shecvla_mimartva , delegati_obieqti += washla_mimartva;
washla_mimartva . , delegati_obieqti
shebruneba() , washla() .
150

.
, .
: , , , , ..
, ()
, ().
.
event
. :
event _ _;
_ ,
, _ (-)
.
.
//
9.4
//

//
,
delegate void ChemiDelegati();
//
,
class Klasi1
{
public event ChemiDelegati ChemiMovlena;
//

//

public void metodi1()
{
//

if ( ChemiMovlena != null ) ChemiMovlena();
}
}
class Klasi2
{
public void MovlenisDamamushavebeli()
{
}
}
{
Klasi1 obieqti_movlena = new Klasi1();
//

//
obieqti_movlena.ChemiMovlena += new
ChemiDelegati(obieqti.MovlenisDamamushavebeli);
//

151
obieqti_movlena.metodi1();
}
,
:
. ,
.
, . ,
,
void .
, Klasi1 , ChemiMovlena
. metodi1()
. , ,
if
,
ChemiMovlena null-
.
Klasi2 MovlenisDamamushavebeli()
. .
,
Klasi1
obieqti_movlena
,
MovlenisDamamushavebeli()
.
Klasi1 evt = new Klasi1();
ChemiDelegati(obieqti.MovlenisDamamushavebeli);
+= , - -=
.

metodi1() .
,
.

. ,
,
,
. .
.
.
//
9.5
//

//
,
class Klasi1
{
152

//

{
}
}
class Damamushavebeli1
{
public void Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_2()
{
MessageBox.Show(" Damamushavebeli1 ");
}
}
class Damamushavebeli2
{
{
MessageBox.Show(" Damamushavebeli2 ");
}
}
class Klasi2
{
{
MessageBox.Show(" Klasi2 ");
}
}
{
Damamushavebeli1 obieqti1 = new Damamushavebeli1();
Damamushavebeli2 obieqti2 = new Damamushavebeli2();
//
: Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_1(),
//
Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_2() Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_3()
//

ChemiDelegati(obieqti.Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_1);
ChemiDelegati(obieqti1.Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_2);
ChemiDelegati(obieqti2.Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_3);
//

//
153
obieqti_movlena.ChemiMovlena -=
new ChemiDelegati(obieqti1.Movlenis_Damamushavebeli_2);
}
Damamushavebeli1 Damamushavebeli2.
,
ChemiDelegati . ,
-.
- . ,

() . ,
(metodi1() )
Klasi1 .
//
9.6
//

//
class ChemiKlasi
{
//
{
}
}
class Klasi1
{
int ricxvi;
public Klasi1(int par)
{
ricxvi = par;
}
public void Damamushavebeli()
{
MessageBox.Show(" , # = " + ricxvi.ToString());
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi obieqti_movlena = new ChemiKlasi();
Klasi1 obieqti1 = new Klasi1(1);
Klasi1 obieqti2 = new Klasi1(2);
obieqti_movlena.ChemiMovlena += new ChemiDelegati(obieqti1.Damamushavebeli);
obieqti_movlena.ChemiMovlena += new ChemiDelegati(obieqti2.Damamushavebeli);
//

154
}
,
, ,
.
# - .
, , ,
.
,
. - .
, . C#
.
. ,
.
:
interface _
{

}
, ,
. (), ,
, .
, ,
. .
, interface
.

,
.
.
,
.
, , ,
, . , ChemiKlasi
ChemiInterfeisi .
, , 5-
.
//
9.7
//
,
public interface ChemiInterpeisi
{
155
int Perimetri();
double Fartobi();
}
class ChemiKlasi : ChemiInterpeisi
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
public ChemiKlasi(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
{
}
public double Fartobi()
{
return ( gverdi1 * gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
{
lab1.Text = gverdi1.ToString() + " " + gverdi2.ToString() + " " + gverdi3.ToString();
}
}
{
int gverdi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
ChemiKlasi Obieqti = new ChemiKlasi(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
int perimetri = Obieqti.Perimetri();
double fartobi = Obieqti.Fartobi();
Obieqti.Naxva(label1);
label3.Text = " = " + fartobi.ToString();
}
.
.
.
//
9.8
//

public interface Interpeisi1
{
156
int Perimetri();
}
{
double Fartobi();
}
class ChemiKlasi : Interpeisi1, Interpeisi2
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
{
}
{
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
int Perimetri = obieqti.Perimetri();
double Fartobi = obieqti.Fartobi();
label1.Text = " " + Perimetri.ToString();
label2.Text = " " + Fartobi.ToString();
}

.
. ,
, .
, .
.
//
9.9
//

//
Interpeisi_A
157
// Interpeisi_A
public interface Interpeisi_A
{
//

int Perimetri();
}
// Interpeisi_B
public interface Interpeisi_B
{
//

double Fartobi();
}
public class ChemiKlasi
{
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
}
public class Manqana : ChemiKlasi, Interpeisi_A, Interpeisi_B
{
//

public Manqana(int par4, int par5, int par6) : base(par4, par5, par6)
{
//

}
//
Interpeisi_A Perimetri()
{
}
//
Interpeisi_B Fartobi()
{
}
}
{
158
Manqana ChemiManqana = new Manqana(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);

int perimetri = ChemiManqana.Perimetri();
double fartobi = ChemiManqana.Fartobi();
label2.Text = " = " + fartobi.ToString();
}

, ()
. ,
. . Interfeisi_B
Interfeisi_A , Interfeisi_C
Interfeisi_A Interfeisi_B .
//
9.10
//
Interfeisi_B Interfeisi_A
public interface Interfeisi_A
{
int Perimetri();
}
public interface Interfeisi_B : Interfeisi_A
{
double Fartobi();
}
class Klasi1 : Interfeisi_B
{
private int gverdi1;
public Klasi1(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
{
}
{
return ( gverdi1 + gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
{
}
159
{
Klasi1 obieqti = new Klasi1(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
int perimetri = obieqti.Perimetri();
double fartobi = obieqti.Fartobi();
label1.Text = perimetri.ToString();
label2.Text = fartobi.ToString();
}
.
//
9.11
//
Interfeisi_C Interfeisi_A Interfeisi_B
//

{
int Perimetri();
}
public interface Interfeisi_B
{
double Fartobi();
}
public interface Interfeisi_C : Interfeisi_A, Interfeisi_B
{
void Naxva(Label lab1);
}
class Klasi1 : Interfeisi_C
{
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
{
}
{
}
160
{
}
}
{
Klasi1 obieqti = new Klasi1(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
int shedegi1 = obieqti.Perimetri();
label1.Text = shedegi1.ToString();
double shedegi2 = obieqti.Fartobi();
}

,
, .
, .

, .
.
obieqti ChemiKlasi Klasi1
.
//
9.12
{
int Perimetri();
double Fartobi();
}
class Klasi1 : ChemiInterpeisi
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
{
}
161

{
}
}
class Klasi2 : ChemiInterpeisi
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
public Klasi2(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
}
{
}
{
return gverdi1 * gverdi2;
}
}
{
Klasi1 Samkutxedi = new Klasi1(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
Klasi2 Otxkutxedi = new Klasi2(gverdi1, gverdi2);
ChemiInterpeisi obieqti;
obieqti = Samkutxedi;
label1.Text = " = " + obieqti.Perimetri().ToString() +
"\n = " + obieqti.Fartobi();
obieqti = Otxkutxedi;
label2.Text = " = " + obieqti.Perimetri().ToString() +
"\n = " + obieqti.Fartobi();
}
obieqti ChemiInterpeisi
. ,
, ChemiInterpeisi .
OriObieqti SamiObieqti
, ChemiKlasi Klasi1 .
ChemiInterpeisi . obieqti
, .
162

, ,
. :
_
{
get;
set;
}
ChemiInterpeisi , , ChemiKlasi ,
.
//
9.13
//

{
//

int shemdegi
{
get;
//

set;
//

}
}
{
int cvladi;
public ChemiKlasi()
{
cvladi = 0;
}
//

public int shemdegi
{
get
{
cvladi += 5;
return cvladi;
}
set
{
cvladi = value;
}
}
}
{
//

163
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )

label1.Text += " - " +
obieqti.shemdegi.ToString() + '\n';
obieqti .shemdegi = 30;
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
label2.Text += " - " + obieqti.shemdegi.ToString() + '\n';
}

,
. ,
.
- .
.
,
metodi() . ,
:
//
9.14
//

interface Interpeisi_A
{
int metodi(int x);
}
interface Interpeisi_B
{
int metodi(int x);
}
//
ChemiKlasi
class ChemiKlasi : Interpeisi_A, Interpeisi_B
{
Interpeisi_A a_obieqti;
Interpeisi_B b_obieqti;
//
metodi()
int Interpeisi_A.metodi(int x)
{
return x + x;
}
int Interpeisi_B.metodi(int x)
{
return x * x;
}
//
metodi()
public int metodi_A(int x)
{
a_obieqti = this;
// a_obieqti
return a_obieqti.metodi(x);
// Interpeisi_A
164
}
public int metodi_B(int x)
{
b_obieqti = this;
// b_obieqti
return b_obieqti.metodi(x);
//
Interpeisi_B
}
}
{
//

//
Interpeisi_A.metodi()
label1.Text = obieqti.metodi_A(ricxvi).ToString();
//
Interpeisi_B.metodi()
label2.Text = obieqti.metodi_B(ricxvi).ToString();
}
, metodi()
Interpeisi_A Interpeisi_B . , ChemiKlasi
,
- , .
,
, ChemiKlasi ,
Interpeisi_A, - Interpeisi_B .
.
, metodi() , ChemiKlasi
. metodi()
a_obieqti b_obieqti .

, ,
. , Interfeisi_A
Minicheba() , Interfeisi_B
Minicheba() . Klasi1 , Interfeisi_B
Minicheba()
-
.
.
//
9.15
//

{
int Minicheba(int x);
}
public interface Interfeisi_B : Interfeisi_A
{
new int Minicheba(int x);
165
}
class Klasi1 : Interfeisi_B
{
private int ricxvi;
public int Minicheba(int par1)
{
ricxvi = par1;
return ricxvi * ricxvi;
}
int Interfeisi_B.Minicheba(int par1)
{
ricxvi = par1;
return ricxvi + ricxvi;
}
}
{
int cvladi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Interfeisi_B interfeisi_obj = ( Interfeisi_B ) obieqti;
int shedegi1 = obieqti.Minicheba(cvladi);
int shedegi2 = interfeisi_obj.Minicheba(cvladi);
}

. ,
, Manqana. , ,
. .
.
,
.

. System
, : using System;

namespace .
:
namespace __
{
166
}
, ,
, , ,
.
. Bmw Opel
using .
//
9.16
//

//
Bmw
namespace Bmw
{
public class Manqana
{
public string ManqanisMarka;
}
}
//
Opel
namespace Opel
{
{
}
}
{
Bmw.Manqana ChemiManqana1 = new Bmw.Manqana();
ChemiManqana1.ManqanisMarka = "BMW";
label1.Text = ChemiManqana1.ManqanisMarka.ToString();
Opel.Manqana ChemiManqana2 = new Opel.Manqana();
ChemiManqana2.ManqanisMarka = "Opel";
label2.Text = ChemiManqana2.ManqanisMarka.ToString();
}
, Manqana. ,
. ,
Manqana , BMW :
Bmw.Manqana ChemiManqana1 = new Bmw.Manqana();

, ,
ChemiManqana1.ManqanisMarka = "BMW";
using
,
.
167
using . System
using . using
, , ,
.
using :
using __
, ,
, .. ,
. using
, .
, using ,
System Opel .
//
9.17
//
using
using System;
using Opel;
//
Opel
namespace Opel
{
{
}
}
{
//
Opel ChemiManqana2
Manqana ChemiManqana = new Manqana();
ChemiManqana.ManqanisMarka = "Opel";
label1.Text = ChemiManqana.ManqanisMarka.ToString();
}
,
.
. , System
Opel, . ,
,
. ,

.

.
.
( ).
,
.
, Saxelebis_Sivrce
168
.
//
9.18
//

namespace Saxelebis_Sivrce
{
//
Chadgmuli_Sivrce1
namespace Chadgmuli_Sivrce1
{
{
{
return " Chadgmuli_Sivrce1 ";
}
}
}
}
namespace Saxelebis_Sivrce.Chadgmuli_Sivrce2
{
{
{
}
}
}
{
Saxelebis_Sivrce.Chadgmuli_Sivrce1.ChemiKlasi obieqti1 =
new Saxelebis_Sivrce. Chadgmuli_Sivrce1.ChemiKlasi();
new Saxelebis_Sivrce.Chadgmuli_Sivrce2.ChemiKlasi();
new Saxelebis_Sivrce.Chadgmuli_Sivrce3.ChemiKlasi();
obieqti1.Metodi();
obieqti2.Metodi();
obieqti3.Metodi();
}
//
2 ( 2)
namespace Saxelebis_Sivrce
{
namespace Chadgmuli_Sivrce3
{
{
169
{
}
}
}
}
Saxelebis_Sivrce Chadgmuli_Sivrce1
Chadgmuli_Sivrce2 . Saxelebis_Sivrce Chadgmuli_Sivrce3 . ChemiKlasi
. ,
, ,
, , Saxelebis_Sivrce. Chadgmuli_Sivrce1.ChemiKlasi.
Project Add New Item .
Templates Code File Open
. .
,
namespace . ,
namespace OuterNS
{
namespace InnerNS
{
//
}
}

namespace OuterNS.InnerNs
{
//
}

,
.
.
.
.
170
10. -
-
- .NET . .
, .
, , .
: Stream, FileStream, NetworkStream, MemoryStream, BufferedStream
CryptoStream. FileStream .
C#- - .
. .
C# -
, - . ,
. , -
.
ASCII Unicode . ASCII 1 ,
Unicode - 2 . , C# char
2 , byte - 1 . ,
- .
C# ,
, .. byte
char .
C# .
System.IO . , ,
, using System.IO .

C# System.IO.Stream . Stream
. , ,
, , Stream . Stream
. 10.1 Stream
.
Stream ,
. ,
, , Seek() .
Stream
( 10.2).
Stream ,
10.3.
171
10.1. Stream .
void Close()

void Flush()

int ReadByte()
1

int Read(byte[ ] , int ,

int _)

.

long Seek(long ,

SeekOrigin _) ,
void WriteByte(byte )

int Wrtite(byte[ ] , int ,

int _)
,
.

10.2. Stream .
bool CanRead
true ,
. .
bool CanSeek
true ,
.
.
bool CanWrite
true , .
.
long Length
.
.
long Position
.
, .
10.3. Stream .
BufferedStream

FileStream
, -

MemoryStream
,
172
10.4. TextReader .
void Close()

int Peek()
, . -1-

int Read()

. -1-

int Read(char[ ] ,

int ,

int _) .

int ReadBlock( char[ ] ,

int ,

int _) . ,

string ReadLine()
C#
.
,

string ReadToEnd()

#
10.5. TextWriter .
void Write(int )
int
void Write(double )
double
void Write(bool )
bool
void WriteLine( string
,
)
void WriteLine( uint ) uint

void WriteLine( char ) ,

virtual void Close()

virtual void Flush()

10.6. .

StreamReader

StreamWriter

StringReader

StringWriter

173

TextReader TextWriter
. .
10.4 TextReader . ,
ReadLine() , . 10.5 TextWriter
Write() WriteLine() .
TextReader TextWriter 10.6
. TextReader
TextWriter .

C# , BinaryReader
BinaryWriter.
.
FileStream
- -
, - .
,
.

FileStream
. , :
FileStream(string _, FileMode.);
, _ , ,
, , , C:\My Documents\A1\File1.txt.
.
10.7.
testfile.dat .
using using System.IO
. .
{
//
10.1
//

FileStream file_in;
file_in = new FileStream("filetest.txt", FileMode.Open);
file_in.Close();
}
174
10.7. mode .
FileMode.Append

FileMode.Create
.

FileMode.CreateNew

FileMode.Open

FileMode.OpenCreate
, , ,

FileMode.Truncate
,
:
FileStream file_in = new FileStream("filetest.dat", FileMode.Open);
,
. ,
:
file_in = new FileStream("C:\\My Documents\\Visual Studio Projects\\ A1\\filetest.txt", FileMode.Open);
,
:
FileStream(string _, , FileAccess _)
:
FileAccess.Read,
FileAccess.Write
FileAccess.ReadWrite. ,
FileStream file_in = new FileStream("file1.txt",FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read);
file1.txt .
Close()
.
.

FileStream ,
: ReadByte() Read(). ReadByte() :
int ReadByte()

( ). (EOF,
End Of File), -1.
Read() . :
int Read(byte[ ] , int , int _)
Read()
.
.
ReadByte()
. filetext.txt :
1234567890 .
{
//
10.2
//

175
//
ReadByte()
int ricxvi;
FileStream file1 = new FileStream("filetext.txt", FileMode.Open);
// , EOF
do
{
ricxvi = file1.ReadByte();
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) label1.Text += (char) ricxvi;
}
while ( ricxvi != -1 ); // ricxvi = -1,
file1.Close();
}
Read()
. filetext.txt : 1234567890 .
{
//
10.3
//
Read()
int wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba;
int pozicia = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text),
raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
byte[] masivi = new byte[10];
label1.Text = "";
// masivi 4 -3
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1.Read(masivi, pozicia, raodenoba);
file1.Close();
for (int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++)
label2.Text = wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
Read() : ,
. , masivi , pozicia raodenoba
. , pozicia 2, raodenoba - 4. ,
filetext.txt 4 masivi
(masivi[2]) . masivi :
0 0 49 50 51 52 0 0 0 0
Read() , , ,
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba .

FileStream , :
WriteByte() Write(). WriteByte() .
:
void WriteByte(byte _)
Write() () .
176
:
int Write(byte[ ] , int , int _)
Write() ,
. .

. , ,
. .
, .
. ,
. ,
, 128 .
,
.

. Flush() . :
void Flush()
Close() .
, . , Close()
Flush() .
.
{
//
10.4
//

int ricxvi;
FileStream file_in;
FileStream file_out;
//

file_in = new FileStream("s_file.txt", FileMode.Open);
//

file_out = new FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode.Create);
label1.Text = "";
//
file_in file_out
do
{
//
file_in
ricxvi = file_in.ReadByte();
//
file_out
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) file_out.WriteByte( ( byte ) ricxvi );
label1.Text += (char) ricxvi + " ";
}
while ( ricxvi != -1 );
//

file_in.Close();
file_out.Close();
}
Write() filetext.txt
.
177
{
//
10.5
//

byte[] masivi = new byte[10] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
//
d_file.txt
file_out.Write(masivi, 2, 4);
file_out.Close();
}
filetext.txt masivi 4
(masivi[2]).
-
.
Unicode . FileStream
StreamReader StreamWrtiter .

.
StreamWriter TextWriter . StreamReader
TextReader . , StreamWriter StreamReader
TextWriter TextReader .
StreamWriter

. , FileStream StreamWriter
. .
:
StreamWriter(Stream _)
StreamWriter
.
textBox .
{
//
10.6
//
StreamWriter
string striqoni;
file_out = new FileStream("text.txt", FileMode.Create);
//
StreamWriter file_stream_out = new StreamWriter(file_out);
//
textBox striqoni
striqoni = textBox1.Text;
178
file_stream_out.Write(striqoni);
file_stream_out.Close();
}
//
text.txt striqoni
StreamReader

. , FileStream StreamReader
. .
:
StreamReader(Stream _)
StreamReader
.

.
{
//
10.7
//

//
StreamReader
FileStream file_in;
string striqoni;
file_in = new FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode.Open );
StreamReader file_stream_in = new StreamReader(file_in);
while ( ( striqoni = file_stream_in.ReadLine() ) != null )
{
label1.Text += striqoni + '\n';
}
file_stream_in.Close();
}
, ReadLine()
.
.

() , int, double ..
BinaryReader BinaryWriter .
.
BinaryWriter
BinaryWriter .
:
BinaryWriter(Stream _)
_ ,
. , FileStream .
179
BynaryWriter , C#
. 10.8.
, , Close() Flush() .
10.8. BinaryWriter .
void Write(sbyte )

void Write(byte )

void Write(byte[ ] )

void Write(short )

void Write(ushort )

void Write(int )

void Write(uint )

void Write(long )

void Write(ulong )

void Write(float )
float
void Write(double )
double
void Write(char )

void Write(char[ ] )

void Write(string )

10.9. BinaryReader .
bool ReadBoolean()
bool
byte ReadByte()
byte
sbyte ReadSByte()
sbyte
byte[ ] ReadBytes(int

_)
char ReadChar()
char
char[ ] ReadChars(int

_)
double ReadDouble()
double
float ReadSingle()
float
short ReadInt16()
short
int ReadInt32()
int
long ReadInt64()
long
ushort ReadUint16()
ushort
uint ReadUint32()
uint
ulong ReadUint64()
ulong
string ReadString()

BinaryReader
BinaryReader .
:
BinaryReader(Stream _)
180
_ ,
. , FileStream .
BinaryReader , C#
.
10.9. , , Read() :
int Read() -
. -1.
int Read(byte[ ] , int , int _) -
.
.
int Read(char[ ] , int , int _) -
.
.
, , Close() .
BinaryReader BinaryWriter .
,
.
{
//
10.8
//
-
BinaryReader file_in;
BinaryWriter file_out;
int mteli1 = 10, mteli2;
double wiladi1 = 1001.47, wiladi2, wiladi3;
bool b1 = true, b2;
file_out = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream("file1.dat", FileMode.Create));
//

file_out.Write(mteli1);
//

file_out.Write(wiladi1);
//

file_out.Write(b1);
//
10.2 * 2.3
file_out.Write(10.2 * 2.3);
file_out.Close();
//

file_in = new BinaryReader(new FileStream("file1.dat",FileMode.Open));
//

mteli2= file_in.ReadInt32();
label1.Text = mteli2.ToString();
//

wiladi2 = file_in.ReadDouble();
label2.Text = wiladi2.ToString();
//

b2 = file_in.ReadBoolean();
181
//

file_in.Close();
}

.
.
, , () . ,
. .
Seek() . :
long Seek(long _, SeekOrigin _)
_
() _ .
_ SeekOrigin
- ( 10.10).
10.10. _ .
Begin

Current

End

Seek()
.
, -
. ,
.
{
//
10.9
//
-
//

FileStream file;
file = new FileStream("file.dat",FileMode.Create);
char simbolo;
label1.Text = "";
//

for ( int i = 0; i < 26; i++ )
{
file.WriteByte((byte)('a' + i));
}
//

file.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
//
simbolo = (char) file.ReadByte();
//

182
label1.Text += " " + simbolo + '\n';

//
//
file.Close();
}

System.IO , , File FileInfo . File
( 10.11), FileInfo ( 10.12). File ,
, FileInfo
. 10.13 FileInfo .
10.11. File
AppendText()

Copy()

Create()

CreateText()

Delete()

Exists()

GetAttributes()

GetCreationTime()

GetLastAccessTime()

GetLastWriteTime()

Move()

Open()

OpenRead()

OpenText()

OpenWrite()

SetAttributes()

SetCreationTime()

SetLastAccessTime()

SetLastWriteTime()

, , ,
, .. . , -
.
. , FileInfo ,
File . , File
, . FileInfo
,
, .
183
10.12. FileInfo
AppendText()

CopyTo()

Create()

CreateText()

Delete()

MoveTo()

Open()

OpenText()

OpenWrite()

10.13. FileInfo
Attributes
FileAttributes

CreationTime
DateTime

Directory
DirectoryInfo
,
DirectoryName
string
,
Exists
bool
, true , false
Extension
string

FullName
string

LastAccessTime
DateTime

LastWriteTime
DateTime

Length
long

Name
string

. File AppendText
.
{
//
10.10
//
File AppendText()
//

string path = "d_file.txt";
using ( StreamWriter faili = File.AppendText(path) )
{
faili.WriteLine("");
faili.WriteLine("C# ");
faili.Close();
}
184
}
File OpenText
.
{
//
10.11
//
File OpenText()
//

using ( StreamReader faili = File.OpenText("file1.txt") )
{
string striqoni = "";
while ( ( striqoni = faili.ReadLine() ) != null )
{
label1.Text += striqoni + " ";
}
}
}
File CreateText Exists
.
{
//
10.12
//
File CreateText()
string path = "file1.txt";
//

if ( !File.Exists(path) )
{
//

using ( StreamWriter faili = File.CreateText(path) )
{
faili.WriteLine(" ");
}
}
}
File Delete Copy
.
{
//
10.13
//
File Delete() Copy()
string path1 = "file1.txt";
string path2 = "file1.tmp";
//
file1.txt
using ( FileStream fs = File.Open(path1, FileMode.Open) ) { }
//
file1.tmp
185
File.Delete(path2);
//
file1.txt file1.tmp
File.Copy(path1, path2);
label1.Text = path1 + " " + path2 + "";
}
File GetAttributes()
.
{
//
10.14
//
File GetAttributes()
public class F
{
public static FileAttributes Attr(FileAttributes f)
{
return FileAttributes.Hidden;
}
}
{
System.IO.FileAttributes faili = System.IO.File.GetAttributes("file1.txt");
F obieqti = new F();
label1.Text = F.Attr(faili).ToString();
}
}
FileInfo .
{
//
10.15
//
FileInfo
System.IO.FileInfo obieqti = new System.IO.FileInfo("file1.txt");
label1.Text += obieqti.Directory.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.DirectoryName + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.FullName + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.Name + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.Extension + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.Length.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.Exists.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.CreationTime.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.LastAccessTime.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.LastWriteTime.ToString() + '\n';
}

System.IO , , Directory DirectoryInfo
. File Directory
186
( 10.14), DirectoryInfo - ( 10.15).

Directory ,
, DirectoryInfo .
10.16 DirectoryInfo .
10.14. Directory
CreateDirectory()

Delete()

Exists()

GetCreationTime()

GetCurrentDirectory()

GetDirectories()

GetDirectoryRoot()

GetFiles()

GetFileSystemEntries()

GetLastAccessTime()

GetLastWriteTime()

GetLogicalDrives()

GetParent()

Move()

SetCreationTime()

SetCurrentDirectory()

SetLastAccessTime()

SetLastWritetTime()

10.15. DirectoryInfo
Create()

CreateSubdirectory()

Delete()

GetDirectories()

GetFiles()

MoveTo()

,
Directory .
,
, , .
textBox1.Text , ,
C:\\Windows. .
10.16. DirectoryInfo
187

Attributes
CreationTime
Exist
Extension
FullName
FileAttributes
DateTime
bool
string
string
LastAccessTime
DateTime
LastWriteTime
DateTime
Name
Parent
Root
string
string
string
{
//
10.16
//
, ,
//

//

label1.Text = "";
//

label1.Text = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + '\n';
//

label1.Text = Directory.GetParent(textBox1.Text).ToString()+ '\n';
//

Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(textBox1.Text);
//

string[] striqonebis_masivi_1 = Directory.GetFiles(textBox1.Text);
foreach ( string s in striqonebis_masivi_1 )
label2.Text += s + '\n';
//

string[] striqonebis_masivi_2 = Directory.GetDirectories(textBox1.Text);
//

string[] striqonebis_masivi_3 = Directory.GetLogicalDrives();
}
,
. Move() , . .
{
//
10.17
//
,
188
label2.Text = "";
//

System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(textBox1.Text);
//
.
System.IO.Directory.Delete(textBox2.Text);
// . Move , - .
//

System.IO.Directory.Move(textBox3.Text, "C:\\Katalogi2");
}

DirectoryInfo . MoveTo() Katalogi3
Katalogi4 .
Katalogi3 .
{
//
10.18
//

//
, ,
label1.Text = "";
System.IO.DirectoryInfo obj1 = new DirectoryInfo("C:\\Zprint");
label1.Text += obj1.Name + '\n';
label1.Text += obj1.Attributes.ToString() + '\n';
//
Katalogi3 Katalogi4
obj1.MoveTo("C:\\Katalogi4");
}

, ,
. OpenFileDialog ,
System.Windows.Forms . ShowDialog()

. .
{
//
10.19
//
Open
label1.Text = "";
System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog FailisGaxsna = new
System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();
if ( FailisGaxsna.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK )
{
FileInfo faili = new FileInfo(FailisGaxsna.FileName);
label1.Text += faili.FullName + '\n';
label1.Text += faili.Length.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += faili.LastAccessTime.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += faili.DirectoryName + '\n';
189
}
}

Open . FailisGaxsna ShowDialog()
Open . Open
. FailisGaxsna FileName .
{
//
10.20
//
Open
//

FileStream file_in;
string striqoni;
OpenFileDialog FailisGaxsna = new OpenFileDialog();
{
file_in = new FileStream(FailisGaxsna.FileName, FileMode.Open );
while ( ( striqoni = file_stream_in.ReadLine() ) != null )
{
}
}
}

Save .
{
//
10.21
//
Save
//

string striqoni;
SaveFileDialog FailisGaxsna = new SaveFileDialog();
{
file_out = new FileStream(FailisGaxsna.FileName, FileMode.Create);
striqoni = textBox1.Text;
//
striqoni
file_stream_out.Write(striqoni);
}
}
190
NetworkStream
System.Net.Sockets .
.
, ,
.
. ()
. TCP/IP
. , :
01023 . , -80
HTTP .
102449151 .
4915265536 .
, ,
, .
Socket ,
System.Net.Sockets . TopListener
. TopClient
.
.
.
.
//
10.22
//

class Serveri
{
//
Listen
public void Listen()
{
IPAddress Lokaluri_Host = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
//
50025
TcpListener obj_tcp = new TcpListener(Lokaluri_Host, 50025);
obj_tcp.Start();
//
for ( ; ; )
{
//

Socket Axali_Socketi = obj_tcp.AcceptSocket();
if ( Axali_Socketi.Connected )
{
// NetworkStream
System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream Qseluri_Nakadi = new
System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream(Axali_Socketi);
//

byte[] buferi = { ( byte ) 's', ( byte ) 'a', ( byte ) 'b', ( byte ) 'a' };
Qseluri_Nakadi.Write(buferi, 0, 4);
Qseluri_Nakadi.Flush();
191
Qseluri_Nakadi.Close();
}
//

Axali_Socketi.Close();
break;
}
}
}
{
//
,
Serveri Serveri_1 = new Serveri();
Serveri_1.Listen();
}
TcpListener Start()
, AcceptSocket() - ,
.
. .
//
10.23
//

{
label1.Text = "";
//

TcpClient Klientis_Soketi = new TcpClient("127.0.0.1", 50025);
//
NetworkStream
System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream Qseluri_Nakadi = Klientis_Soketi.GetStream();
//

byte[] buferi = new byte[100];
Qseluri_Nakadi.Read(buferi, 0, 100);
//

char[] buferi2 = new char[100];
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++ ) buferi2[i] = ( char ) buferi[i];
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++ ) label1.Text += buferi2[i].ToString();
//

Qseluri_Nakadi.Close();
}
, TcpClient :
.
. GetStream() ,
NetworkStream . , NetworkStream
Read() .
, Serveri . .
Clienti . label1
". , .
,
( SocketException ),
, 50025 .
192
MemoryStream BufferedStream
MemoryStream BufferedStream
. ,
, .
, 6 .
4, 8 . BufferedStream
, ,
. BufferedStream
, . , BufferedStream

, .
Flush() BufferedStream
.
MemoryStream
. .
{
//
10.24
//

//
MemoryStreamWrite MemoryStream
//

public static void MemoryStreamWrite(System.IO.MemoryStream Nakadi, string FailisSaxeli)
{
FileStream Gamosasvleli_Nakadi = File.OpenWrite(FailisSaxeli);
Nakadi.WriteTo(Gamosasvleli_Nakadi);
Gamosasvleli_Nakadi.Flush();
Gamosasvleli_Nakadi.Close();
}
{
string failis_saxeli = "mexsiereba";
//
MemoryStream
FileStream Shesasvleli_Nakadi = File.OpenRead(failis_saxeli + ".txt");
System.IO.MemoryStream Mexsierebis_Nakadi = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
//

Mexsierebis_Nakadi.SetLength(Shesasvleli_Nakadi.Length);
Shesasvleli_Nakadi.Read(Mexsierebis_Nakadi.GetBuffer(), 0, (int)Shesasvleli_Nakadi.Length);
//

Mexsierebis_Nakadi.Flush();
Shesasvleli_Nakadi.Close();
//

MemoryStreamWrite(Mexsierebis_Nakadi, failis_saxeli + ".bak");
Mexsierebis_Nakadi.Close();
}
193
MemoryStream ,
.
SetLength() .
GetBuffer() .
, , BufferedStream .
.
//
10.25
//

{
string failis_saxeli = "buferi";
//

FileStream Shesasvleli_Faili = File.OpenRead(failis_saxeli + ".txt");
FileStream Gamosasvleli_Faili = File.OpenWrite(failis_saxeli + ".bak");
//

System.IO.BufferedStream Shemavali_Nakadi = new
System.IO.BufferedStream(Shesasvleli_Faili);
System.IO.BufferedStream Gamomavali_Nakadi = new
System.IO.BufferedStream(Gamosasvleli_Faili);
byte[] buferi = new byte[4096];
int WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba;
//

//

while ((WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba = Shemavali_Nakadi.Read(buferi, 0, 4096)) > 0)
Gamomavali_Nakadi.Write(buferi, 0, WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba);
//

Gamomavali_Nakadi.Flush();
Gamomavali_Nakadi.Close();
Shemavali_Nakadi.Close();
Gamosasvleli_Faili.Close();
Shesasvleli_Faili.Close();
}
, BufferedStream
FileStream ().
.
CryptoStream -16 .
-

-. , . ,
, ,
. ,
- .
- -
(
194
-15 ). -
.
- .
- .
//
10.26
//

//
-
public class Asinqronuli
{
//
public static FileStream ShesasvleliNakadi;
//
public static AsyncCallback Delegati;
//
public static byte[] buferi = new byte[500000];
// ,
public static void Damtavreba(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
{
int bytesRead = ShesasvleliNakadi.EndRead(asyncResult);
MessageBox.Show(" " + bytesRead.ToString() + " ");
}
}
{
string failis_saxeli = "asincronuli.txt";
//

Asinqronuli.ShesasvleliNakadi = new FileStream(failis_saxeli, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read,
FileShare.None, 2048, true);
//

Asinqronuli.Delegati = new AsyncCallback(Asinqronuli.Damtavreba);
//

Asinqronuli.ShesasvleliNakadi.BeginRead(Asinqronuli.buferi, 0, 500000, Asinqronuli.Delegati, null);
//

for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
label1.Text += i.ToString();
}
FileStream()
, .
. FileShare,
.
.
. ,
-
FileStream IsAsync :
if ( Asinqronuli.ShesasvleliNakadi.IsAsync == true )
label2.Text = " -";
else label2.Text = " -";
195
Delegati , Damtavreba() .
, BeginRead() .
, .
BeginRead() Damtavreba() .
EndRead()
. BeginRead()
, for .
, , ,
- .
196
11.

,
. : , ,
, ..
. C#
,
, .
C# .

Exception , System . C#
: C#
(CLR) - (Application) .
System.Exception , - System.ApplicationException
.
11.1. .

ArrayTypeMismatchException

Divide ByZeroException

IndexOutOfRangeException

InvalidCastException

OutOfMemoryException
new
OverflowException

StackOverflowException

11.2. Exception .
HelpLink
string
,

Message
string

Source
string

StackTrace
string

TargetSite
MethodBase
,

197
System
. 11.1
. Exception 11.2.

: try, catch, throw finally. , , .
try ,
. catch .
throw . finally
, try .
try catch
try catch
. . :
try
{
//
,
}
catch ( _1 )
{
//
ExcepType1
}
catch ( _2 )
{
//
ExcepType2
}
...
,
.
. catch ,
.
, ,
.
catch
, . try
catch .
catch .
catch ,
catch . catch
.
, try

catch . catch
. , catch
.
, ,
, . .
198

.
{
//
11.1
//

try
{
label2.Text = " ";
masivi[6] = 20;
//
label3.Text = " ";
}
//

catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
{
label1.Text = " ";
}
label2.Text = " ";
}

catch . catch ,
try . ,
label3.Text = " ";
, ,
. catch ,
catch . , ,
.
catch .
,
.

.
, catch
catch .

.
, C#- .
, , ,

.
.
{
//
11.2
//

masivi[0] = 5;
//
199
masivi[6] = 20;
//

}

:
.11.1
, ,
. ,
.
, catch
. ,
.
(DivideByZeroException) .
, IndexOutOfRangeException
, catch . ,
.
{
//
11.3
//

//

int ricxvi;
try
{
label1.Text = " ";
masivi[6] = 20;
//

ricxvi = 10;
//

}
//

catch ( DivideByZeroException )
{
label2.Text = " ";
}
}
-
,
.
200
DivideByZeroException
.
. ,
. , label .
{
//
11.4
//

int[] masivi1 = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 };
int[] masivi2 = { 0, 2, 4, 0, 3 };
int[] shedegi = new int[5];
label1.Text = "";
for ( int ind = 0; ind < masivi1.Length; ind++ )
try
{
shedegi[ind] = masivi1[ind] / masivi2[ind];
label1.Text = label2.Text + masivi1[ind].ToString() + " / " +
masivi2[ind].ToString() + " = " + shedegi[ind].ToString() + '\n';
}
{
label2.Text = " !";
}
}
, try , ,
.
try catch

.
{
//
11.5
//

//
int ricxvi;
FileStream file1;
//
try
try
{
file1 = new FileStream("filetext.txt", FileMode.Open);
}
catch(FileNotFoundException arg1)
{
label1.Text = arg1.Message;
return;
201
}
//
, EOF
do
{
//
try
try
{
ricxvi = file1.ReadByte();
}
catch (IOException arg1)
{
return;
}
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) label3.Text += (char) ricxvi;
}
while ( ricxvi != -1 ); // ricxvi = -1,
file1.Close();
}

.
{
//
11.6
//

BinaryReader file_in;
BinaryWriter file_out;
int ricxvii1 = 10, ricxvii2;
double wiladi1 = 1001.47, wiladi2, wiladi3;
bool b1 = true, b2;
//
try
try
{
file_out = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream("file1.dat", FileMode.Create));
}
catch(IOException arg1)
{
MessageBox.Show(arg1.Message + "\n ");
return;
}
//
try
try
{
//

file_out.Write(ricxvii1);
//

file_out.Write(wiladi1);
//

202
file_out.Write(b1);
//
10.2 * 2.3
file_out.Write(10.2 * 2.3);
}
{
return;
}
file_out.Close();
//

try
{
file_in = new BinaryReader(new FileStream("file1.dat",FileMode.Open));
}
{
return;
}
try
{
//

ricxvii2 = file_in.ReadInt32();
label1.Text = ricxvii2.ToString();
//

//

b2 = file_in.ReadBoolean();
//

}
{
return;
}
file_in.Close();
}
-
.
{
//
11.7
203
//
-
//
FileStream file;
//
try
try
{
file = new FileStream("file.dat",FileMode.Create);
}
catch(FileNotFoundException arg1)
{
return;
}
char simbolo;
label1.Text = "";
//

for ( int i = 0; i < 26; i++ )
{
//
try
try
{
file.WriteByte((byte) ('a' + i));
}
{
return;
}
}
// try
try
{
//

//

//

//

}
{
return;
}
file.Close();
}
204
catch
try catch . ,
catch .

.
{
//
11.8
//
catch
int[] masivi1 = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 };
int[] masivi2 = { 0, 2, 4, 0, 3 };
label1.Text = "";
try
{
label1.Text += masivi1[ind].ToString() + " / " +
}
//
catch
{
label2.Text = " !";
}
//
catch
catch ( IndexOutOfRangeException )
{
label3.Text = " !";
}
}
catch ,
. , catch
. catch .

. catch .
catch .
IndexOutOfRangeException DivideByZeroException
catch .
{
205
//
11.9
//

int[] masivi1 = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 };
int[] masivi2 = { 0, 2, 4, 0, 3 };
label1.Text = "";
label2.Text = "";
try
{
}
//
catch
catch
{
label2.Text = " !";
}
}
try
try . try
, try catch
, try .
IndexOutOfRangeException ,
catch , catch .
{
//
11.10
//
try
int[] masivi1 = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 };
int[] masivi2 = { 0, 2, 4, 0, 3 };
try
{
{
try
{
206
}
{
label2.Text = " !";
}
}
}
{
label3.Text = " !";
}
}

try . , . try catch .
, try
. try
. try .
, , try catch
, try .

C#
. ,
, , throw . :
throw ;
.
DivideByZeroException throw .
{
//
11.11
//
throw
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, shedegi;
try
{
//
throw
//

if ( ricxvi2 == 0 ) throw new DivideByZeroException();
}
{
label1.Text = " ";
}
207
//
}
try-catch
throw . ,
new . , DivideByZeroException
.
DivideByZeroException nulze_fayofa
throw .
{
//
11.12
//
throw
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, shedegi;
DivideByZeroException nulze_fayofa = new DivideByZeroException();
nulze_fayofa.HelpLink = " Readme.txt ";
nulze_fayofa.Source = " - 10.12";
try
{
//
throw
//

if ( ricxvi2 == 0 ) throw nulze_fayofa;
}
catch ( DivideByZeroException arg)
{
label1.Text = " ";
label2.Text = arg.HelpLink;
label3.Text = arg.Source;
}
}
finally
,
. ,
, . finally
. try/catch . try/catch/finally :
try
{
//
try ,
}
catch ( _1 1 )
{
//
_1
}
catch ( _2 2 )
208
{
//
_2
}
finally
{
finally
}
finally
. , try
- . finally
. finally .
//
11.13
//
finally
class finally1
{
public static void gen_finally(int par1)
{
int ricxvi;
MessageBox.Show(par1.ToString() + "- ");
try
{
switch ( par1 )
{
case 0 : ricxvi = 10 / par1;
//

break;
case 1 : masivi[7] = 7;
//

break;
case 2 : return;
//
try
}
}
{
MessageBox.Show(" !");
return;
}
{
MessageBox.Show(" !");
return;
}
finally
{
MessageBox.Show("try ");
}
}
209
}
{
for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < 3; indeqsi++ )
{
finally1.gen_finally(indeqsi);
}
}

,
, , HelpLink Source
. ,
.
System.ApplicationException
.
//
11.14
//

//
public class Gansakutrebuli_Situacia : ApplicationException

{
public Gansakutrebuli_Situacia(string Message) : base(Message)
{
this.HelpLink = " Readme.txt ";
this.Source = " - 10.14";
}
}
{
try
{
throw new Gansakutrebuli_Situacia(" Gansakutrebuli_Situacia ");
}
catch ( Gansakutrebuli_Situacia arg)
{
label1.Text = arg.HelpLink;
label2.Text = arg.Message;
label3.Text = arg.Source;
label4.Text = arg.StackTrace;
label5.Text = arg.TargetSite.ToString();
}
}
210
checked unchecked

. , ricxvi1 ricxvi2
byte . ,
.
{
//
11.15
byte ricxvi1, ricxvi2, shedegi;
ricxvi1 = 127;
ricxvi2 = 127;
shedegi = ( byte ) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 );
}
C#
checked unchecked . checked
,
. unchecked .
,
. .
checked .
. :
checked ( )
.
, OverflowException .
. :
checked
{

}
unchecked .
. :
unchecked ()
.
, .
.
:
unchecked
{

}
checked unchecked
.
{
//
11.16
211
ricxvi1 = 127;
ricxvi2 = 127;
try
{
shedegi = unchecked( (byte) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
shedegi = checked( (byte) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
}
catch (OverflowException exc)
//
catch
{
label3.Text = exc.ToString();
}
}
checked unchecked
.
{
//
11.17
ricxvi1 = ricxvi2 = 127;
try
{
unchecked
{
ricxvi1 = ricxvi2 = 127;
shedegi = unchecked( (byte) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
ricxvi1 = 120;
ricxvi2 = 10;
shedegi = unchecked( ( byte ) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
}
checked
{
ricxvi1 = 2;
ricxvi2 = 7;
shedegi = checked( ( byte ) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
ricxvi1 = 127;
ricxvi2 = 127;
shedegi = checked( ( byte ) ( ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 ) );
}
}
catch ( OverflowException exc )
//
catch
{
212
label5.Text = exc.ToString();
}
}
.NET .

. , ,
.
, , .
button label . button
, :
{
int jami = 0;
int[] masivi = new int[5] { 3, 1, 8, -4, 1 };
for (int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++)
jami += masivi[indexi];
}

(),
. ( )
.

. .
, ,
F9 . .
for
F9 . (. 11.2).
F9 .
. ,
.
F5 .
, Ctrl+F5 . F5 .
. button .
. (int
indexi = 0;) (. 11.3).
.

, .
.
Autos . (. 11.4).
, Debug , Windows Autos
213
(DebugWindowsAutos). Windows
. ,
. indexi,
masivi masivi.Length .
, , . Autos
masivi + ,
.
Locals . (. 11.5).
Locals . ,
DebugWindowsLocals. ,
. indexi, jami
masivi .
Watch . (. 11.6).
Watch . ,
DebugWindowsWatchWatch1.
. ,
. Watch

Add Watch . jami Watch .
. 11.2.
214
. 11.3.
. 11.4.
215
. 11.5.
. 11.6.
216

.
F10 DebugStep Over .
, F11
DebugStep Into .
DebugStep Out Shift+F11 .
.
ChemiKlasi , Gamravleba()
.
. :
class ChemiKlasi
{
public int Gamravleba(int[ ] mas1)
{
int namravli = 1;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < mas1.Length; indexi++ )
namravli *= mas1[indexi];
return namravli;
}
}
button . ,
Gamravleba() :
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, 5, 8, 3, 7 };
int shedegi = obieqti.Gamravleba(masivi);
}
, Gamravleba()
(. 11.7). F5 . .
button . . ,
Gamravleba() F11 (.
11.8). .
217
. 11.7.
. 11.8.
218
12.
Unicode . Unicode
2 16 . System.String
. string .
(string )
. ,
striqoni string ,
(" ") .
striqoni - "
".
, () 0.
. ,
string striqoni = "";
label1.Text = striqoni[2];
label "".
, , Length .
( ).
. ,
string striqoni = " \n ";
label1
"", - "".
,
. @ . ,
string striqoni = @" \n ";
label1 " \n ".

String 12.1 12.2.
Length .
{
string striqoni1 = @" \n \n";
label1.Text = striqoni1.Length.ToString() + '\n';
string striqoni2 = " \n \n";
label2.Text = striqoni2.Length.ToString() + '\n';
}
// 15
// 13
219
12.1. String .
Length
int

12.2. String .
int Compare(string 1,
string 2)
CompareOrdinal(string 1,
string 2)
string Concat(string 1,
string 2)
string Copy(string )
bool Equals(string 1,
string 2)
string Format(string ,
object )
string Intern(string )
string IsInterned(string )
string Join(string , string[ ] )
int CompareTo(string )
void CopyTo(int _, char[]
_,
int _, int )
bool EndsWith(string )
Type GetType()
int IndexOf(string )
int IndexOfAny(char[ ] )
string Insert(int , string )
.

.

true ,
, false

Unicode

,

,

220
12.2. ()
int LastIndexOf(string )
int LastIndexOfAny(char[ ] )
string PadLeft(int , char )
string PadRight(int , char )
string Remove(int , int )
string Replace(string _,
string _)
string[ ] Split(params char[ ] )
bool StartsWith(string )
string Substring (int ,
int )
char[ ] ToCharArray()
string ToLower()
string ToString()
string ToUpper()
string Trim()
string TrimEnd(char[ ] )
string TrimStart(char[ ] )
,
,

,

,

,

,

.

221
.
Insert, Remove Replace
.
{
//
12.1
//
Insert, Remove Replace
string str1, str2 = "C# ", str3 = " ";
str1 = str2.Insert(17, str3);
// "C# "
label1.Text = str1;
str1 = str2.Remove(3, 14);
// "C# "
label2.Text = str1;
str1 = str2.Replace(" ", str3); // "C# "
label3.Text = str1;
}
str1 = str2.Insert(17, str3); str2
.
. Insert . str2 -17
str3 , "" . ,
"C# ", str1 .
+ ()
. :
string striqoni1 = " ";
string striqoni2 = "";
string striqoni = striqoni1 + striqoni2 + striqoni3;
striqoni - "
".
== .
Copy, CompareTo, IndexOf, LastIndexOf, Substring
.
{
//
12.2
//
Copy, CompareTo, IndexOf, LastIndexOf, Substring
//

string striqoni1, striqoni2 = " ",
striqoni3 = textBox1.Text;
int shedegi, indexi;
// striqoni2 striqoni1
striqoni1 = string.Copy(striqoni2);
label1.Text = striqoni1;
striqoni1 = striqoni2.Substring(9, 13);
// " "
indexi = striqoni2.IndexOf("");
label3.Text = indexi.ToString();
// 5
222
indexi = striqoni2.LastIndexOf("");
// 19
// striqoni2 striqoni4
shedegi = striqoni2.CompareTo(striqoni3);
if ( shedegi == 0 ) label5.Text = " ";
else if ( shedegi > 0 ) label5.Text = " striqoni2 > striqoni3";
else label5.Text = " striqoni2 < striqoni3";
}
Compare() Equals() . Equals()
true , - false .
:
Equals(1, 2)
.
{
string striqoni1 = " ",
striqoni2 = " ";
bool shedegi = striqoni1.Equals(striqoni2);
if ( shedegi == true ) label1.Text = " ";
}
Compare() ,
. , 1.
, -1. ,
0. .
.
Compare() :
String.Compare(1, 2)
.
{
striqoni2 = " ";
int shedegi = String.Compare(striqoni1, striqoni2);
}
Compare()
. :
String.Compare(1, 2, )
true ,
. false ,
.
.
{
striqoni2 = " ";
int shedegi = String.Compare(striqoni1, striqoni2, true);
223

}
Compare()
(). :
String.Compare(1, 1, 2, 2, _)
.
{
striqoni2 = " ";
int shedegi = String.Compare(striqoni1, 5, striqoni2, 5, 4);
}
Concat() .
{
string striqoni2 = string.Concat(striqoni1, " ");
string striqoni3 = striqoni2 + " ";
}

+ .
Format()
, 12.3.
12.3. .

f F

e E

p P

n N

c C

d D

g G

x X

Format() .
{
//
12.3
//
Format()
label1.Text = "";
string striqoni;
int mteli = 12;
224
double wiladi_d = 1234.56789;

float wiladi_f = 1234.56789f;
decimal valuta = 12345.67m;
striqoni = String.Format("{0:D5}\n", mteli);
// 00012
label1.Text += striqoni;
striqoni = String.Format("{0:X}\n", mteli);
// C
striqoni = String.Format("{0:P3}\n", mteli);
// 1 200,000%
striqoni = String.Format("{0:C3}\n", valuta);
// 12 345,670 Lari
striqoni = String.Format("{0:F3}\n", wiladi_d);
// 1234,568
striqoni = String.Format("{0:F3}\n", wiladi_f);
// 1234,568
striqoni = String.Format("{0:P3}\n", wiladi_d);
// 123 456,789%
striqoni = String.Format("{0:E3}\n", wiladi_d);
// 1,235E+003
striqoni = String.Format("{0:N3}\n", wiladi_d);
// 1 234,568
striqoni = String.Format("{0:G3}\n", wiladi_d);
// 1,23E+03
}
{0:F3} "0" ,
. ,
3 . - wiladi_f,
1.
{
double wiladi_d = 9234.56781;
string striqoni = String.Format("{1:F3}\n", wiladi_d, wiladi_f);
// 1234,568
}
,
. ,
{
string striqoni = String.Format("{0:F}\n", wiladi_f);
// 1234,56
}
Join() .
{
string[] striqonebis_masivi = { "", "", "", "" };
string striqoni = String.Join("-", striqonebis_masivi);
//
striqoni = "---"
}
225
Split() .
{
string striqoni = ",: .";
string[] shedegi = striqoni.Split(new Char[] { ' ', ',', '.', ':' });
foreach ( string sityva in shedegi )
{
if ( sityva.Trim() != "" )
label1.Text += sityva + '\n';
// shedegi = " "
}
}
StartWith() EndWith()
.
{
//
12.4
//
StartWith() EndWith()
//
string striqoni1, striqoni2;

if ( striqoni1.StartsWith(striqoni2) )
label1.Text = " " + striqoni2 + " ";
else label1.Text = " " + striqoni2 + " ";
if ( striqoni1.EndsWith(striqoni2) )
label2.Text = " " + striqoni2 + " ";
else label2.Text = " " + striqoni2 + " ";
}
IndexOfAny() LastIndexOfAny()
. :
int IndexOfAny(char[ ] _)
int LastIndexOfAny(char[ ] _)

. :
int IndexOfAny(char[ ] _, )
int LastIndexOfAny(char[ ] _, )

. :
int IndexOfAny(char[ ] _, , _)
int LastIndexOfAny(char[ ] _, , _)
.
{
//
12.5
//
//
char[] simboloebis_masivi = { '', '' };

string striqoni1 = ", ";
226
int indexi1 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi);

int indexi2 = striqoni1.LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi);
label1.Text = indexi1.ToString() + " " + indexi2.ToString();
// indexi1 = 3
// indexi2 = 17
int indexi3 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5);

int indexi4 = striqoni1.LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5);
label2.Text += indexi3.ToString() + " " + indexi4.ToString();
// indexi3 = 6
// indexi4 = 3
int indexi5 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5, 6);

// indexi5 = 6
int indexi6 = striqoni1.LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5, 6);
// indexi5 = 3
label3.Text += indexi5.ToString() + " " + indexi6.ToString();
// 6 3
}
PadLeft() PadRight()
.
{
string striqoni1 = striqoni2.PadLeft(10, '*');
//
striqoni1 = "******"
string striqoni3 = striqoni2.PadRight(10, '*');
//
striqoni3 = "******"
label1.Text = striqoni1.ToString();
}
Trim(), TrimStart() TrimEnd() . Trim()
, ,
. TrimStart()
. TrimEnd()
. :
string Trim()
string TrimStart()
string TrimEnd()

. :
string Trim(char[ ] _)
string TrimStart(char[ ] _)
string TrimEnd(char[ ] _)
Trim(), TrimStart() TrimEnd()
.
{
string striqoni2, striqoni3, striqoni4 = ";,.,;";
char[] simboloebi = { '.', ';', ',' };
label1.Text = striqoni4.Trim(simboloebi);
striqoni2 = striqoni4.TrimStart(simboloebi);
striqoni3 = striqoni4.TrimEnd(simboloebi);
}
// striqoni2 = ".,;"
// striqoni3 = ";,"
227

.
{
string striqoni1 = "ANA SABA";
string striqoni2 = "lika romani";
ToLower()
label15.Text = striqoni1.ToLower();
label17.Text = striqoni2.ToUpper();
}
//
//
ToUpper()
"ana saba"
"LIKA ROMANI"

string
. str
. .
{
//
12.6
//

string[] striqonebis_masivi = { " ", " ", "" };
// label
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < striqonebis_masivi.Length; indexi++ )
label1.Text += striqonebis_masivi[indexi] + " ";
//
striqonebis_masivi[0] = " ";
striqonebis_masivi[1] = " ";
striqonebis_masivi[2] = textBox1.Text;
// label
foreach ( string striqoni in striqonebis_masivi )
label1.Text += striqoni + " ";
}

string - ,
, ..
.
, :
striqoni1[1] = '';
, , ,
. , Replace Substring
. .
{
//
12.7
//

string str1, str2, str3;
str1 = "";
// str1[0] = '';
//
str2 = str1.Replace('', '');
// str2
228
str3 = str1.Substring(2, 3);

str1 = str1.Replace("", "");
// str3
// .
// str1
label1.Text = str3;
label2.Text = str1;
}

System.Text.StringBuilder .
StringBuilder ,
. , String
, .
, , :
using System.Text;

StringBuilder ,
.
. - :
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni1 = new StringBuilder();
, StringBuilder
, :
System.Text.StringBuilder
16 .
.
. ,
{
int Tevadoba = 25;
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni2 = new StringBuilder(Tevadoba);
}
, ,
. ,
{
int Tevadoba = 25;
int MaxTevadoba = 100;
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni3 = new StringBuilder(Tevadoba, MaxTevadoba);
}
2147483647-
.
,
. ,
{
string Striqoni = " ";
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni4 = new StringBuilder(Striqoni);
}
229
;
, ;
. ,
{
string Striqoni = " ";
int Tevadoba = 50;
int SawyisiIndexi = 4;
int SimboloebisRaodenoba = 7;
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni6 = new
StringBuilder(Striqoni, SawyisiIndexi, SimboloebisRaodenoba, Tevadoba);
label1.Text = DinamiuriStriqoni6;
//
DinamiuriStriqoni6 = " "
}
12.4. StringBuilder .
Capacity
int

Length
int

MaxCapacity
int

12.5. StringBuilder .
Append()
StringBuilder

AppendFormat()
StringBuilder

EnsureCapacity()
int
,

Equals()
bool
true
,
- false
GetType()
Type

Insert()
StringBuilder

Remove()
StringBuilder

Replace()
StringBuilder

.
ToString()
string

230
StringBuilder
12.4 12.5.
.
Append() AppendFormat() . Append()
.
, , bool, byte, int, double ..
Append() :
stringBuilder.Append()
stringBuilder StringBuilder ,
.

.
{
//
12.8
//

int ricxvi = 5;
double wiladi = 2.8765;
bool logikuri = true;
StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni = new StringBuilder();
DinamiuriStriqoni.Append(striqoni); // DinamiuriStriqoni = " "
DinamiuriStriqoni.Append(wiladi);
// DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765"
DinamiuriStriqoni.Append(logikuri); // DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765true"
DinamiuriStriqoni.Append(ricxvi);
// DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765true5"
label1.Text = DinamiuriStriqoni.ToString();
}
Append()
. :
stringBuilder.Append(, _)
, DinamiuriStriqoni.Append('', 10);
DinamiuriStriqoni 10 '' .

. :
stringBuilder.Append(, _, _)
, DinamiuriStriqoni.Append(" ", 4, 7);
DinamiuriStriqoni " ".
AppendFormat()
. :
AppendFormat(string , object )

. :
{
double wiladi = 2.8765;
DinamiuriStriqoni.AppendFormat("{0, 5:f2}", wiladi);
label1.Text = DinamiuriStriqoni.ToString();
}
AppendFormat() DinamiuriStriqoni
231
" 2.88". 5
, 2 - . ,
2 , , - 2. 0
, , - wiladi.
Insert()
. Insert()
:
stringBuilder.Insert(, )
, DinamiuriStriqoni.Insert(5, ", ");
DinamiuriStriqoni -5 ", " .
, ,
. Insert() :
stringBuilder.Insert(, , _)
, DinamiuriStriqoni.Insert(5, ", ", 4);
DinamiuriStriqoni -5 4- ", " .
Remove() .
. :
stringBuilder.Remove(, _)
.
{
System.Text.StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni1 =
new System.Text.StringBuilder(" ");
DinamiuriStriqoni1.Remove(3, 4);
// DinamiuriStriqoni1 = ""
label1.Text = "DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " + DinamiuriStriqoni1.ToString();
}
Replace() .
. :
stringBuilder.Replace(_, _)
{
System.Text.StringBuilder DinamiuriStriqoni1 =
new System.Text.StringBuilder(" ");
DinamiuriStriqoni1.Replace('', ''); // DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " "
label1.Text += "DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " + DinamiuriStriqoni1.ToString();
}
ToString() . .
:
stringBuilder.ToString()
, string striqoni = DinamiuriStriqoni.ToString();
DinamiuriStriqoni .
232
II . C#
13. ,

System.DateTime .
13.1 13.2. Ticks ,
"", (
). 100- .
DateTime
, . DateTime
. , DateTime
. -
, . .
{
int weli = 2005;
int tve = 3;
int dge = 19;
//
Tarigi , ,
DateTime Tarigi = new DateTime(weli, tve, dge);
label1.Text = Tarigi.Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Day.ToString();
}
, , , , .
.
{
int weli = 2005;
int tve = 3;
int dge = 19;
int saati = 20;
int wuti = 30;
int wami = 25;
int miliwami = 45;
//
Tarigi ,
//
, , , , ,
DateTime Tarigi = new DateTime(weli, tve, dge, saati, wuti, wami, miliwami);
label1.Text = Tarigi.Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Day.ToString() + " " +
Tarigi.Hour.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Minute.ToString() + " " +
Tarigi.Second.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Millisecond.ToString();
}
233
13.1. DateTime .
Now
DateTime

()
Today
DateTime
.
()
00:00:00
UtcNow()
DateTime

()
Date
DateTime
. 00:00:00
Day
int
1 31
DayOfWeek
DayOfWeek 0 () 6 ()
DayOfYear
int
1 366
Hour
int
0 23
Millisecond
int
0 999
Minute
int
0 59
Month
int
1 12
Second
int
0 59
Ticks
long
(100- ) , 0001 1

TimeOfDay
TimeSpan

Year
int
1 9999
System.Globalization.Calendar . Calendar
, , , .
, Calendar . :
EastAsianLunisolarCalendar, GregorianCalendar, HebrewCalendar, HijriCalendar, JapaneseCalendar,
JapaneseLunisolarCalendar, JulianCalendar, KoreanCalendar, KoreanLunisolarCalendar, PersianCalendar, TaiwanCalendar, TaiwanLunisolarCalendar, ThaiBuddhistCalendar, UmAlQuraCalendar.
JulianCalendar :
{
System.Globalization.JulianCalendar Kalendari = new System.Globalization.JulianCalendar();
System.DateTime Tarigi = new System.DateTime(2005, 3, 19, Kalendari);
label1.Text = Tarigi.Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi.Day.ToString();
}
234
13.2. DateTime .

Compare()
int
DateTime .
()
DaysInMonth()
int

()

Equals()
bool
DateTime
FromFileTime()
DateTime
DateTime ,
()

FromOADate()
DateTime
DateTime ,
()
OLE
IsLeapYear()
bool
true-, ,
()
false-
Parse()
DateTime

()
DateTime
ParseExact()
DateTime

()
DateTime

Add()
DateTime
DateTime
TimeSpan
AddDays()
DateTime
DateTime

AddHours()
DateTime
DateTime

AddMilliseconds()
DateTime
DateTime

AddMinutes()
DateTime
DateTime

AddMonths()
DateTime
DateTime

AddSeconds()
DateTime
DateTime

AddTicks()
DateTime
DateTime

AddYears()
DateTime
DateTime

CompareTo()
int
DateTime
.
GetDateTimeFormats()
string[ ]
DateTime
,

GetType()
Type

235
13.2. ()
Subtract()
TimeSpan
ToFileTime()
long
ToLocalTime()
ToLongDateString()
DateTime
string
ToLongTimeString()
string
ToOADate()
double
ToShortDateString()
string
ToShortTimeString()
string
ToString()
string
ToUniversalTime()
DateTime
DateTime
TimeSpan
DateTime

DateTime

DateTime

DateTime
OLE
DateTime

DateTime

DateTime

.
Now UtcNow . Now
. UtcNow UTC (Universal
Coordinated Time) , , , (GMT - Greenwich Mean
Time) . - - .
(PST - Pacific Standard Time)
. .
{
//
13.1
//
Now UtcNow
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = DateTime.UtcNow;
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.Day.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro1.Month.ToString() + " " +
Tarigi_Dro1.Year.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro2.Day.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro2.Month.ToString() + " " +
Tarigi_Dro2.Year.ToString();
}
Date, Day, DayOfWeek, DayOfYear TimeOfDay
.
{
//
13.2
//
Date, Day, DayOfWeek, DayOfYear, TimeOfDay
//

label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.Date.ToString();
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.Day.ToString();
236
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.DayOfWeek.ToString();
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.DayOfYear.ToString();
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.TimeOfDay.ToString();
}
Compare() DateTime .
, 1. ,
-1. , 0. :
DateTime.Compare(_1, _2)
_1 _2 DateTime ,
. .
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = new DateTime(2007, 1, 27);
int Shedegi = DateTime.Compare(Tarigi_Dro1, Tarigi_Dro2);
switch ( Shedegi )
{
case -1 : label1.Text = " "; break;
case 0 : label1.Text = " "; break;
case 1 : label1.Text = " "; break;
}
}
DateTime , ,
: >, >=, <, <=, ==, != . ,
if ( Tarigi_Dro1 == Tarigi_Dro2 ) label1.Text = " ";
Equals() DateTime . ,
true, - false. ,
. :
DateTime.Equals(_1, _2)
_1 _2 DateTime . .
{
bool Shedegi = DateTime.Equals(Tarigi_Dro1, Tarigi_Dro2);
if (Shedegi == true) label1.Text = " ";
}
Equals() :
_1.Equals(_2)
.
{
bool Shedegi = Tarigi_Dro1.Equals(Tarigi_Dro2);
if ( Shedegi == true ) label1.Text = " ";
}
237
DaysInMonth() .
:
DateTime.DaysInMonth(, )
.
{
int DgeebisRaodenoba = DateTime.DaysInMonth(2007, 2);
label1.Text = DgeebisRaodenoba.ToString(); // DgeebisRaodenoba = 31
}
IsLeapYear() true- false- .
:
DateTime.IsLeapYear()
.
{
bool ArisNakiani = DateTime.IsLeapYear(2007);
if ( ArisNakiani == true ) label1.Text = " ";
}
Parse() DateTime
. :
DateTime.Parse()
.
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime.Parse("10/5/2000");
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = DateTime.Parse("10/5/2000 8:30:35");
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro2.ToString();
}
Add() Subtract() . Add() DateTime
TimeSpan . Subtract() DateTime
TimeSpan . :
_.Add(_)
_.Subtract(_)
_ DateTime , _ TimeSpan . .
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali = new TimeSpan(1, 5, 10, 20);
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1 = new DateTime(2007, 5, 15, 17, 35, 30);
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = Tarigi_Dro1.Add(Drois_Intervali);
// 16.05.2007 22:45:50
DateTime Tarigi_Dro3 = Tarigi_Dro1.Subtract(Drois_Intervali);
// 14.05.2007 12:25:10
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro2.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro3.ToString();
}
: 1 , 5 , 10 20
. Tarigi_Dro1 : 2007 15 , 17 , 35 30
. Add() Tarigi_Dro1 Drois_Intervali .
, Tarigi_Dro2 - 16.05.2007 22:45:50. Subtract()
Tarigi_Dro1 Drois_Intervali . ,
Tarigi_Dro3 - 14.05.2007 12:25:10.
238
13.3. .
d
,

Dd
,
ddd

dddd

f
. "f" . .
M
,

MM
,
MMM

MMMM

y
. 10-
Yy
. 10-
yyyy

Gg
. ,
h
, ,

Hh
, ,
H
, , ,
HH
, , ,
m
, ,
mm
, ,
s
, ,
ss
, ,
t
A.M./P.M
tt
A.M./P.M
zz
, ,
zzz
.

"+" "-"
. .
DateTime Tarigi_Dro4 = Tarigi_Dro1 + Drois_Intervali;
DateTime Tarigi_Dro5 = Tarigi_Dro1 - Drois_Intervali;
AddYears(), AddMonths(), AddDays(), AddHours() AddMinutes() .
239
DateTime , , ,
. double . .
{
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString();
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddYears(3);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddMonths(2);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddDays(10);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddHours(7);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddMinutes(40);
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString();
}
ToLongDateString(), ToShortDateString(), ToLongTimeString()
ToShortTimeString() .
{
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToLongDateString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToShortDateString()+ '\n';
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToLongTimeString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToShortTimeString();
}
String() . DateTime
. :
_.ToString()
.
{
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString();
}
ToString() (),
DateTime . ToString()
:
_.ToString()
.
{
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString("MM/dd/yy");
label1.Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString("D");
}
, , "02.03.07". 02
, 03 - , 07 - .
-, - "D".
13.3 13.4
.
240
13.4. .
d
MM/dd/yyyy
03.19.2007
D
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy
2007 04 02,
f
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm
2007 04 02, 9:36
F
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm:ss
2007 04 02, 9:36:51
g
MM/dd/yyyy/ HH:mm
04.02.2007 9:36:51
G
MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss
04.02.2007 9:36
m, M
MMMM dd
04 02
r, R
ddd, dd MM yyyy HH':'mm':'ss 'GMT'
Sun, 04 Feb 2007 09:42:17 GMT
s
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd'T'HH':'mm':'ss
2007-02-04T09:42:17
t
HH:mm
9:42
T
HH:mm:ss
9:42:17
u
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'Z'
2007-02-04 09:42:17Z
U
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm:ss
2007 04 02, 5:42:17
y, Y
yyyy, MMMM
2007

, , .
System.TimeSpan .
. :
TimeSpan(int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int , int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int , int , int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int )
.
{
//
,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = new TimeSpan(5, 15, 45);
//
, ,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = new TimeSpan(2, 5, 15, 45);
//
, , ,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = new TimeSpan(2, 5, 15, 45, 80);
//

TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4 = new TimeSpan(1000);
}
TimeSpan DateTime .
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro = new DateTime(2007, 04, 12);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = new TimeSpan(2, 5, 15, 45);
Tarigi_Dro += Drois_Intervali1;
//
14.04.2007 5:15:45
label1.Text = Tarigi_Dro.ToString();
}
241
.
Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Milliseconds Ticks
.
{
//
13.3
//
Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Milliseconds
//
Ticks
label1.Text = Drois_Intervali1.Days.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.Hours.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.Minutes.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.Seconds.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.Milliseconds.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.Ticks.ToString() + '\n';
}
Days Milliseconds ,
Drois_Intervali1 .
TimeSpan 13.5 13.6.
13.5. TimeSpan .
Days
int
TimeSpan
Hours
int
TimeSpan
Milliseconds
int
TimeSpan
Minutes
int
TimeSpan
Seconds
int
TimeSpan
Ticks
long
TimeSpan
TotalDays
double
TimeSpan
TotalHours
double
TimeSpan
TotalMilliseconds
double
TimeSpan
TotalMinutes
double
TimeSpan
TotalSeconds
double
TimeSpan
13.6. TimeSpan .

Compare()
int
()
Equals()
bool
FromDays()
()
FromHours()
()
TimeSpan
TimeSpan
TimeSpan .

TimeSpan .

TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan ,

242
13.6. ()
FromMilliseconds()
TimeSpan
()
FromMinutes()
()
FromSeconds()
()
FromTicks()
()
Parse()
()
TimeSpan
Add()
TimeSpan
CompareTo()
int
Duration()
TimeSpan
GetType()
Negate()
Type
TimeSpan
Subtract()
TimeSpan
ToString()
string
TimeSpan
TimeSpan
TimeSpan
TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan
TimeSpan

TimeSpan .

TimeSpan
,

TimeSpan ,

TimeSpan

TimeSpan
TotalDays, TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds TotalMilliseconds

.
{
//
13.4
//
TotalDays, TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds
//
TotalMilliseconds
label1.Text = Drois_Intervali1.TotalDays.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalHours.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalMinutes.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalSeconds.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalMilliseconds.ToString() + '\n';
}
FromDays(), FromHours(), FromMinutes(), FromSeconds(), FromMilliseconds() FromTicks()
double .
.
{
243
//
13.5
//
FromDays(), FromHours(), FromMinutes(), FromSeconds(),
//
FromMilliseconds() FromTicks()
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = TimeSpan.FromDays(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = TimeSpan.FromHours(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4 = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali5 = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali6 = TimeSpan.FromTicks(7);
label1.Text = Drois_Intervali1.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += Drois_Intervali2.ToString() + '\n';
}
13.7. Parse() .
ws
" " ( )
"-", ,
d

hh

mm
ss
ff
. 1 7
Parse() .
:
[ws] [-] [d.]hh:mm:ss[.ff][ws]

.
13.7.
.
{
//
13.6
//
Parse()
//
//
Drois_Intervali1 , 9 , 15 45
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = TimeSpan.Parse("9:15:45");
//
Drois_Intervali2 ,
//
2 , 9 , 15 45.50
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = TimeSpan.Parse("2.9:15:45.50");
}
Add() Subtract()
244
.
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = Drois_Intervali2.Add(Drois_Intervali1);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4 = Drois_Intervali2.Subtract(Drois_Intervali1);
// - 14:35:55
// - 10:05:05
}
Duration() Negate()
.
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = Drois_Intervali1.Duration();
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = Drois_Intervali1.Negate();
// - 02:15:25
// - -02:15:25
}
245
14.
-4 .
. , :
, .
.
.
.
. :
, -, , ,
. System.Collections
.

using System.Collections;

,
.
. ArrayList
.
14.1 14.2.
. ArrayList .
, . :
ArrayList()
ArrayList(ICollection )
ArrayList(int )
.
{
string[] Striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi1 = new ArrayList();
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi2 = new ArrayList(masivi);
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi3 = new ArrayList(Striqoni);
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi4 = new ArrayList(50);
foreach (int x in DinamiuriMasivi2) label1.Text += x.ToString() + " ";
foreach (string x in DinamiuriMasivi3) label2.Text += x + " ";
}
246
14.1. ArrayList
Capacity
int
,
Count
int

IsFixedSize
bool
,
IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
object

14.2. ArrayList

ReadOnly()
ArrayList
Repeat()
ArrayList
Add()
AddRange()
int
void
BinarySearch()
int
Clear()
Contains()
void
bool
CopyTo()
void
Equals()
bool
GetEnumerator()
GetRange()
IEnumerator
ArrayList
GetType()
IndexOf()
Insert()
Type
int
void
InsertRange()
void
LastIndexOf()
int
247
14.2 ()
Remove()
void
RemoveAt()
void
RemoveRange()
void
Reverse()
void
SetRange()
void
Sort()
void
ToArray()
object[]
ToString()
StrimToSize()
string
void
. Add()
, object. :
arraList.Add()
arrayList ArrayList .
Add .
{
//
14.1
//
Add
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi = new ArrayList();
//
DinamiuriMasivi.Add("");
//
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < DinamiuriMasivi.Count; indexi++ )
label1.Text += "DinamiuriMasivi [" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
DinamiuriMasivi[indexi].ToString() + '\n';
}
. .
{
//
//
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(1);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(2.2);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(true);
248
for (int indexi = 0; indexi < DinamiuriMasivi.Count; indexi++)
label1.Text += "DinamiuriMasivi[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
}
AddRange() .
:
arrayList.Insert()
arrayList .
.
{
string[] striqoni1 = { "", "", "", "", "" };
string[] striqoni2 = { "", "" };
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi1 = new ArrayList(striqoni1);
DinamiuriMasivi1.AddRange(striqoni2); // DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "",
// "", "", "", ""
for (int index = 0; index < DinamiuriMasivi1.Count; index++)
label1.Text += DinamiuriMasivi1[index] + " ";
}
Insert() .
:
arrayList.Insert(, )
.
{
string[] striqoni1 = { "", "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.Insert(2, ""); // DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
// "", "", "", ""
for ( int index = 0; index < DinamiuriMasivi1.Count; index++ )
}
InsertRange() .
:
arrayList.InsertRange(, )
.
{
string[] striqoni1 = { "", "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.InsertRange(2, striqoni2); // DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
// "", "", "", "", ""
}
SetRange()
. :
arrayList.SetRange(, )
249
.
{
string[] striqoni1 = { "", "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.SetRange(2, striqoni2); // DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
// "", "", ""
}
. Contains()
. , true
, - false . :
arrayList.Contains()
.
{
bool elementi_aris;
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "", " ", "" };
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi1 = new ArrayList(striqoni);
elementi_aris = DinamiuriMasivi1.Contains("");
if ( elementi_aris == true ) label1.Text = " ";
}
IndexOf() .
, , - 1. :
arrayList.IndexOf()
.
{
int index1;
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "", " ", "" };
index1 = DinamiuriMasivi1.IndexOf("");
// index1 = 2
label1.Text = " " + DinamiuriMasivi1[index1] +
" " + index1.ToString();
}
LastIndexOf() .
, ,
- -1. :
arrayList.LastIndexOf()
.
{
int index1;
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "", " ", "" };
index1 = DinamiuriMasivi1.LastIndexOf("");
// index1 = 4
label1.Text = " " + DinamiuriMasivi1[index1] +
250
" " + index1.ToString();

}
. RemoveAt() .
. :
arrayList.RemoveAt()
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.RemoveAt(1);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", ""
foreach ( string str1 in DinamiuriMasivi1 ) label1.Text += str1 + " ";
}
Remove() . .
:
arrayList.Remove()
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.Remove("");
}
RemoveRange() . .
:
arrayList.RemoveRange(_, _)
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.RemoveRange(1, 2);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", ""
}
, . Sort()
. :
arrayList.Sort()
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.Sort();
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "", ""
}
BinarySearch()
. . :
arrayList.BinarySearch()
.
{
251
int indexi;
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.Sort();
indexi = DinamiuriMasivi1.BinarySearch("");
// indexi = 2
}
Reverse() .
:
arrayList.Reverce()
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "" };
DinamiuriMasivi1.Reverse(); // DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "", ""
}
.
TrimToSize()
. :
arrayList.TrimToSize()
GetRange()
. :
arrayList.GetRange(_, _)
.
{
string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "", "" };
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi2 = DinamiuriMasivi1.GetRange(1, 3);
}
.
.
IEnumerable .
Current GetEnumerator(), MoveNext() Reset() .
GetEnumerator() , IEnumerator
.
:
arrayList.GetEnumerator()
arrayList.GetEnumerator(_, _)
MoveNext()
true , false .
Reset() ,
.
252

.
{
//
14.2
//

//

string[] striqoni = { "", "", "", "", "" };
ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi = new ArrayList(striqoni);
IEnumerator Chamomtvleli = DinamiuriMasivi.GetEnumerator();
while ( Chamomtvleli.MoveNext() )
label1.Text += "myEnumerator.Current = " + Chamomtvleli.Current.ToString() + '\n';
//
Chamomtvleli.Reset();
Chamomtvleli.MoveNext();
label1.Text += "myEnumerator.Current = " +
Chamomtvleli.Current.ToString() + '\n';
// - ""
}
.

. ,
, ,
IComparable .
CompareTo() . ,
IComparer Compare() .
.
//
14.3
//

//
public class Manqana : IComparable

{
public string Modeli;
public int GamoshvebisWeli;
public Manqana(string par_model, int par_gamoshvebisweli)
{
this.Modeli = par_model;
this.GamoshvebisWeli = par_gamoshvebisweli;
}
//
ToString()
public override string ToString()
{
return " " + Modeli + ", " + GamoshvebisWeli;
}
//
IComparer Compare()
public int Compare(object obj1, object obj2)
{
Manqana obj1Manqana = (Manqana)obj1;
Manqana obj2Manqana = (Manqana)obj2;
253
if (obj1Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli < obj2Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli)

{
return -1;
}
else if (obj1Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli > obj2Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli)
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
//
IComparer CompareTo()
public int CompareTo(object obj1)
{
return Compare(this, obj1);
}
}
public void MasivisGamotana(string DinamiuriMasivisSaxeli, ArrayList DinamiuriMasivi)
{
for (int indexi = 0; indexi < DinamiuriMasivi.Count; indexi++)
label1.Text += DinamiuriMasivisSaxeli + "[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
}
{
//

Manqana myOpel = new Manqana("Opel", 2006);
Manqana myFord = new Manqana("Ford", 2007);
Manqana myBMW = new Manqana("BMW" , 2005);
Manqana myToiota = new Manqana("Toiota", 2000);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(myOpel);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(myFord);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(myBMW);
DinamiuriMasivi.Add(myToiota);
MasivisGamotana("DinamiuriMasivi", DinamiuriMasivi);
//
if ( DinamiuriMasivi.Contains(myFord) )
{
int index = DinamiuriMasivi.IndexOf(myFord) + '\n';
//
index = 11
label1.Text += "myFord = " + index.ToString() + '\n';
}
//
DinamiuriMasivi.Remove(myFord);
254
//
DinamiuriMasivi.Sort();
//
int index2 = DinamiuriMasivi.BinarySearch(myBMW);
// index2 = 1
label1.Text += "myBMW = " + index2.ToString() + '\n';
//
ArrayList MeoreDinamiuriMasivi = DinamiuriMasivi.GetRange(1, 2);
MasivisGamotana("MeoreDinamiuriMasivi", MeoreDinamiuriMasivi);
//
IEnumerator Chamomtvleli = DinamiuriMasivi.GetEnumerator();
while ( Chamomtvleli.MoveNext() )
label1.Text += " Chamomtvleli.Current = " + Chamomtvleli.Current.ToString() + '\n';
//
Chamomtvleli.Reset();
Chamomtvleli.MoveNext();
label1.Text += "Chamomtvleli.Current = " + Chamomtvleli.Current.ToString() + '\n';
}
-
- - -, -
.
. - Hashtable .
14.3 14.4. -
. , ,
.
14.3. Hashtable
Count
int
-
IsFixedSize
bool
-
IsReadOnly
bool
-
Item
object

Keys
ICollection
, -
Values
ICollection
, -
, . Add() -
. :
Hashtable.Add(, )
Remove() - .
255
:
Hashtable.Remove()
.
14.4. Hashtable
Add()
void
-

Clear()
void
-
Clone()
object
-
Contains()
bool
, -
ContainsKey()
bool
, -
ContainsValue()
bool
, -
CopyTo()
void
-
Equals()
bool
, -
GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator
,
GetType()
Type

Remove()
void
-

ToString()
string

{
//
14.4
//
Add() Remove()
Hashtable HeshCxrili = new Hashtable();
//
HeshCxrili.Add("", "");
foreach ( string Gasagebi in HeshCxrili.Keys )
label1.Text += Gasagebi.ToString() + '\n';
foreach ( string Mnishvneloba in HeshCxrili.Values )
label1.Text += Mnishvneloba.ToString() + '\n';
//
HeshCxrili.Remove("");
256
string Regioni = (string)HeshCxrili[""];

label3.Text = Regioni;
}
, -
, ,
HeshCxrili[""]. Keys ,
- Values .
. ContainsKey() -
. true,
- false. :
Hashtable.ContainsKey()
ContainsValue() -
. true, - false. :
Hashtable.ContainsValue()
.
{
//
14.5
//
ContainsKey() ContainsValue()
//

//
//
if ( HeshCxrili.ContainsKey("") )
label2.Text = "- ";
else
label2.Text = "- ";
//
if ( HeshCxrili.ContainsValue("") )
label3.Text = "- ";
else
label3.Text = "- ";
}
. CopyTo()
-
. :
Hashtable.Keys.CopyTo(, )
-
.
Hashtable.Values.CopyTo(, )
-
.
257
.
{
//
14.6
//
CopyTo()
string[] Gasagebebi = new string[HeshCxrili.Count];
string[] Mnishvnelobebi = new string[HeshCxrili.Count];
//
HeshCxrili.Keys.CopyTo(Gasagebebi, 0);
foreach ( string Gasagebi in Gasagebebi )
label2.Text += Gasagebi + '\n';
//
HeshCxrili.Values.CopyTo(Mnishvnelobebi, 0);
foreach ( string Mnishvneloba in Mnishvnelobebi )
label3.Text += Mnishvneloba + '\n';
}

- .
,
. .
,
. SortedList .
14.5 14.6.
, . Add()
. :
sortedList.Add(, )
Remove() .
:
sortedList.Remove()
258
14.5. SortedList
Capacity
int

Count
int

IsFixedSize
bool
,
IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
object

Keys
ICollection

Values
ICollection

14.6. SortedList

Add()
void
Clear()
void
Clone()
Contains()
object
bool
ContainsKey()
bool
ContainsValue()
bool
CopyTo()
void
Equals()
GetByIndex()
bool
object
GetEnumerator()
IDictionaryEnumerator
GetKey()
object
GetKeyList()
IList
GetType()
GetValueList()
Type
IList
IndexOfKey()
int
259
14.6. ()
IndexOfValue()
int
Remove()
void
RemoveAt()
void
SetByIndex()
void
ToString()
string
TrimToSize()
void
.
{
//
14.7
//
Add() Remove()
SortedList DaxarisxebuliSia = new SortedList ();
//
DaxarisxebuliSia.Add("", "");
foreach ( string Gasagebi in DaxarisxebuliSia.Keys )
foreach ( string MniSvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia.Values )
label1.Text += MniSvneloba.ToString() + '\n';
//
DaxarisxebuliSia.Remove("");
foreach ( string MniSvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia.Values )
label2.Text += MniSvneloba.ToString() + '\n';
string Regioni = (string)DaxarisxebuliSia[""];
label3.Text += Regioni;
}
,
, ,
DaxarisxebuliSia[""]. Keys ,
- Values .
. GetByIndex()
.
:
sortedList.GetByIndex()
.
260
string regioni1 = ( string ) DaxarisxebuliSia.GetByIndex(2);

SetByIndex()
. :
sortedList.SetByIndex(, )
.
DaxarisxebuliSia.SetByIndex(2, "");
, . GetKey()
.
:
sortedList.GetKey()
.
string Gasagebi = ( string ) DaxarisxebuliSia. GetKey (2);
IndexOfKey()
. :
sortedList.IndexOfKey()
.
int GasagebisIndeqsi = DaxarisxebuliSia.IndexOfKey("");
IndexOfValue()
. :
sortedList.IndexOfValue()
.
int MnishvnelobisIndeqsi = DaxarisxebuliSia.IndexOfValue("");
. GetKeyList()
. IList
. :
sortedList.GetKeyList()
.
{
IList GasagebebisSia = DaxarisxebuliSia.GetKeyList();
foreach ( string Gasagebi in GasagebebisSia )
label1.Text += Gasagebi + " ";
}
GetValueList()
. IList . :
sortedList. GetValueList()
.
{
IList MnishvnelobebisSia = DaxarisxebuliSia.GetValueList();
foreach ( string Gasagebi in MnishvnelobebisSia )
label1.Text += Gasagebi + " ";
}
. ContainsKey()
. true ,
- false. :
sortedList.ContainsKey()
ContainsValue()
. true, - false.
261
:
sortedList.ContainsValue()
.
{
//
14.8
//
ContainsKey() ContainsValue()
//

SortedList DaxarisxebuliSia = new SortedList();
//
foreach ( string Mnishvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia.Values )
//
if ( DaxarisxebuliSia.ContainsKey("") )
label2.Text = " ";
else
label2.Text = " ";
//
if ( DaxarisxebuliSia.ContainsValue("") )
label2.Text = " ";
else
label2.Text = " ";
}
. CopyTo()

. :
sortedList.Keys.CopyTo(, )
sortedList.Values.CopyTo(, )
Keys CopyTo
. Values CopyTo
.
.
{
//
14.9
//
CopyTo()
SortedList DaxarisxebuliSia = new SortedList();
//
string[] Gasagebebi = new string[DaxarisxebuliSia.Count];
string[] Mnishvnelobebi = new string[DaxarisxebuliSia.Count];
262

foreach ( string Mnishvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia.Values )
//
DaxarisxebuliSia.Keys.CopyTo(Gasagebebi, 0);
foreach ( string Gasagebi in Gasagebebi )
label2.Text += Gasagebi + '\n';
//
DaxarisxebuliSia.Values.CopyTo(Mnishvnelobebi, 0);
foreach ( string Mnishvneloba in Mnishvnelobebi )
label3.Text += Mnishvneloba + '\n';
}
, " " (FIFO - First In, First Out). Queue .

14.7 14.8.
Enqueue(), Dequeu() Peek()
.
{
//
14.10
//
Enqueue(), Dequeu() Peek()
//

//

Queue Rigi = new Queue();
//

Rigi.Enqueue("");
Rigi.Enqueue("");
Rigi.Enqueue("");
Rigi.Enqueue("");
//

foreach ( string striqoni in Rigi )
//

int ElementebisRaodenoba = Rigi.Count;
for ( int count = 0; count < ElementebisRaodenoba; count++ )
{
label2.Text += "Peek() = " + Rigi.Peek() + '\n';
label2.Text += "Dequeu() = " + Rigi.Dequeue() + '\n';
}
}
263
14.7. Queue
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
14.8. Queue
Clear()
void

Clone()
object

Contains()
bool
,
CopyTo
void

Dequeu()
object

Enqueue()
void

Equals()
bool
,
GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator

GetType()
Type

Peek()
object
,

ToArray()
object[]

ToString()
string

, " " (LIFO - Last In, First Out). Stack .

14.9 14.10.
14.9. Stack
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
264
14.10. Stack
Clear()
void

Clone()
object

Contains()
bool
,
CopyTo
void

Equals()
bool
,
GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator

GetType()
Type

Peek()
object
( )
,
Pop()
object
( )

Push()
void

ToArray()
object[]

ToString()
string

Push(), Pop() Peek()

.
{
//
14.11
//
Push(), Pop() Peek()
//

Stack Steki = new Stack();
//

Steki.Push("");
Steki.Push("");
Steki.Push("");
Steki.Push("");
//

foreach ( string striqoni in Steki )
//

int ElementebisRaodenoba = Steki.Count;
label1.Text += " - " + ElementebisRaodenoba.ToString() + '\n';
for ( int count = 0; count < ElementebisRaodenoba; count++ )
{
label2.Text += "Peek() = " + Steki.Peek() + '\n';
label2.Text += "Pop() = " + Steki.Pop() + '\n';
}
}
265

(true false) . true
1, false - 0. BitArray .
, ,
. BitArray 14.11 .14.12.
.
Not() (.
, . 62). :
bitArray1.Not()
bitArray1 BitArray .
Or()
.
:
bitArray1.Or(bitArray2)
And()
.
:
bitArray1.And(bitArray2)
Xor()

. :
bitArray1.Xor(bitArray2)
14.11. BitArray
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
object
. BiTArray
Length
object
,

266
14.12. BitArray

And()
BitArray

Clone()
object

CopyTo()
void

Equals()
bool

Get()
bool

GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator

GetType()
Type

Not()
BitArray

Or()
BitArray

Set()
void

SetAll()
void

ToString()
string

Xor()
BitArray

.
{
//
14.12
//
Not(),Or(), And() Xor()
label1.Text = "BitebisMasivi";
label2.Text = "BitebisMasivi1";
label3.Text = "NOT";
label4.Text = "OR";
label5.Text = "AND";
label6.Text = "XOR";
BitArray BitebisMasivi = new BitArray(4);
BitebisMasivi[0] = true;
BitebisMasivi[1] = false;
BitebisMasivi[2] = true;
BitebisMasivi[3] = false;
//

267
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < BitebisMasivi.Count; indexi++ )
label1.Text += "BitebisMasivi[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " + BitebisMasivi[indexi].ToString() + '\n';
//
BitArray BitebisMasivi1 = new BitArray(BitebisMasivi);
BitebisMasivi1[0] = true;
BitebisMasivi1[1] = true;
BitebisMasivi1[2] = false;
BitebisMasivi1[3] = false;
//

for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < BitebisMasivi1.Count; indexi++ )
label2.Text += "BitebisMasivi1[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
BitebisMasivi1[indexi].ToString() + '\n';
//
Not() BitebisMasivi
BitebisMasivi.Not();
//
BitebisMasivi = { false, true, false, true }
//
Or() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//
BitebisMasivi.Or(BitebisMasivi1);
// BitebisMasivi = { true,true,false,true }
//
And() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//
BitebisMasivi.And(BitebisMasivi1);
// BitebisMasivi = { true,true,false,false }
//
//
Xor() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//

BitebisMasivi.Xor(BitebisMasivi1);
// BitebisMasivi = {false,false,false,false}
//
}
268
15.

(-).
, Word ,
. -,
Word, Excel .., .
..
, .
[8] [9].
.NET Framework ,
- . ,
- . - ,
AppDomain ,
.
- .
System.Threading .
: .
, .
.
15.1. Thread
ApartmentState
ApartmentState
CurrentCulture
CultureInfo
CurrentThread
Thread
IsAlive
bool
IsBackground
bool
IsThreadPoolThread
bool
Name
string
Priority
ThreadState
ThreadPriority
ThreadState
true

true

.
, null-
.
, Excel, Paint
Internet Explorer .
269
. ,
. ,
,
.. ,
.
, Excel
. ,
.
. .
Thread 15.1
15.2.
15.2. Thread
Abort()

AllocateDataSlot()

()
AllocateNamedDataSlot()

()
Equal()
,
FreeNamedDataSlot()

()
GetData() ()

GetDomain() () ,
GetDomainID()
,
()
GetNamedDataSlot()

()
GetType()

Interrupt()

Join()

ResetAbort() ()
Resume()

SetData() ()

Sleep()

SpinWait() ()

Start()

Suspend()

ToString()

270

Thread .
. ,
. ,
, :
-,
.
. 2.2- Templates
Console Application , Name: ,
Browse OK .
, .
//
15.1
//

using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Ori_Nakadi
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
//
public static void Datvla_Luwi()
{
for ( int index2 = 2; index2 <= 50; index2 += 2 )
Console.Write(index2.ToString() + " ");
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
// Nakadi1 , Datvla_Luwi()
Thread Nakadi1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Datvla_Luwi));
// Nakadi1 Datvla_Luwi()
Nakadi1.Start();
// , Datvla_Luwi()
Datvla_Luwi();
}
}
}
- Nakadi1. Datvla_Luwi
, Datvla_Luwi() .
Nakadi1 Start() . ,
Datvla_Luwi() ,
. , Datvla_Luwi()
. - . 15.1-.
271
. ,
. . , , Datvla_Luwi()
, 2- 34- .
Nakadi1- . Datvla_Luwi() .
.
, .
. 15.1.
,
. ,
.
Thread.Sleep(5000) ,
5 (1000 1 ).
, ,
ChemiKlasi : Datvla_Kenti()
Datvla_Luwi(), , .
//
15.2
//

//

using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Ori_Sxvadasxva_Metodi
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
public static void Datvla_Kenti()
{
272
for (int index1 = 1; index1 <= 50; index1 += 2)

Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
static void Main()
{
//
Thread Nakadi1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Datvla_Luwi));
// Datvla_Luwi() Nakadi1
Nakadi1.Start();
// Datvla_Kenti()
Datvla_Kenti();
}
}
}
- Nakadi1.
- Datvla_Luwi, Datvla_Luwi() .
, Datvla_Luwi Nakadi1 Start()
. , Datvla_Kenti() ,
, . ,
Datvla_Kenti() Datvla_Luwi() . -
. 15.2.-.
. 15.2.
273

Normal .
5 :
Lowest -
BelowNormal -
Normal -
AboveNormal -
Highest -
.
//
15.3
//

using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Ori_Metodi_Prioriteti
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
{
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
// Nakadi1 Normal
Thread Nakadi1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Datvla_Kenti));
// Lowest
Thread.CurrentThread.Priority = ThreadPriority.Lowest;
// Nakadi1 Highest
Nakadi1.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;
Nakadi1.Start();
Datvla_Luwi();
}
274
}
}
Nakadi1 , ,
Datvla_Luwi() - . Thread CurrentThread
, ,
, Thread CurrentThread
.
(. 15.3),
, - .
,
, . , , ,
. ,

. , ,
, ,
, .
. 15.3.

ThreadState .
.
15.3.
Unstarted . Start()
Running . IsBackground true
, .
, , WaitSleepJoin
AbortRequested .
275
15.3. .

Unstarted

Running

Background

WaitSleepJoin
Wait, Sleep Join
SuspendRequested

Suspended

StopRequested

Stopped

AbortRequested

Aborted

ThreadState .
//
15.4
//
ThreadState
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Nakadis_Mdgomareobis_Analizi
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
public static void Datvla()
{
for ( int index = 1; index <= 50; index++ )
Console.Write(index.ToString() + " ");
Console.WriteLine();
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
public static void MdgomareobisNaxva(Thread Nakadi)
{
if ( ( Nakadi.ThreadState & ThreadState.Aborted ) == ThreadState.Aborted )
Console.WriteLine(" ");
if ( ( Nakadi.ThreadState &
( ThreadState.Stopped | ThreadState.Unstarted | ThreadState.Aborted ) ) == 0 )
Console.WriteLine(" ");
else Console.WriteLine(" ");
}
{
//
Thread Nakadi1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Datvla));
276
MdgomareobisNaxva(Nakadi1);
//
Nakadi1.Start();
//
Datvla();
// nakadi1
Nakadi1.Abort();
}
}
}
. 15.4.- - .
. 15.4.

. ,
,
. ,
, ,
LocalDataStoreSlot .

.
//
15.5
//

//

using System;
277
using System.Text;
namespace Lokaluri_Monacemebi
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
public static void MonacemebisGamotana()
{
Console.WriteLine(" = " +
Thread.GetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(" - ")));
Console.WriteLine(" = " +
Thread.GetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(" - ")));
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
public static void MonacemebisChatsera1()
{
Random Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi = new Random();
Thread.SetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(" - "),
Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi.Next(100));
Thread.SetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot("
- "),
Thread.CurrentThread.Name);
MonacemebisGamotana();
}
public static void MonacemebisChatsera2()
{
Random Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi = new Random();
Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi.NextDouble());
Thread.CurrentThread.Name);
MonacemebisGamotana();
}
{
//

Thread.AllocateNamedDataSlot(" - ");
Thread.AllocateNamedDataSlot(" - ");
//

Thread nakadi1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(MonacemebisChatsera1));
nakadi1.Name = "nakadi1";
nakadi1.Start();
//

Thread nakadi2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(MonacemebisChatsera2));
nakadi2.Name = "nakadi2";
nakadi2.Start();
//
278
Thread.FreeNamedDataSlot(" - ");
Thread.FreeNamedDataSlot(" - ");
}
}
}
AllocateNamedDataSlot()
. : " - " "
- ". : nakadi1 nakadi2. . nakadi1
MonacemebisChatsera1() , nakadi2 MonacemebisChatsera2() . " - "
, "
- " -
. MonacemebisGamotana() ,
" - " "
- "
.
.
. 15.5-.
. 15.5.
,
, .

,
.
.
Timer
Timer
, . Timer
279
callback. TimeCallback , ,
.
state. , TimeCallback .
, ,
null.
dueTime. .
Period. .
Timer .
//
15.6
//
Timer
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Timer
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
public static void Drois_Gacema(Object Mdgomareoba)
{
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now);
}
{
//
, Timer
TimerCallback delegati = new TimerCallback(Drois_Gacema);
//
,
//

System.Threading.Timer Taimeri = new
System.Threading.Timer(delegati, null, 1000, 2000);
//
Enter
Console.WriteLine(" ENTER ");
int ricxvi = Console.Read();
//

Taimeri.Dispose();
Taimeri = null;
}
}
}
. 15.6-.
280
. 15.6.
delegati , Drois_Gacema()
. , Taimeri -,
1 , , Drois_Gacema()
. Dispose()
, .
Join()
Join() . ,

. .
//
15.7
//

using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Join
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
{
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= 10; indexi += 2 )
Console.Write(indexi.ToString() + " ");
Thread.Sleep(3000);
}
{
281
for (int indexi = 2; indexi <= 10; indexi += 2)

Console.Write(indexi.ToString() + " ");
Thread.Sleep(3000);
}
{
Thread nakadi2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Datvla_Kenti));
//
nakadi2.Start();
//
nakadi2-
nakadi2.Join();
Datvla_Luwi();
}
}
}
nakadi2 ,
Datvla_Luwi() .
. 15.7.
. 15.7.
Join() , ,
. , nakadi2.Join(4000) nakadi2
4 .
lock
, .
- ,
.
//
15.8
//
,
//

282
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Lock
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
private int Saerto_Mtvleli = 0;
public void Datvla()
{
while ( Saerto_Mtvleli < 10 )
{
int Temp = Saerto_Mtvleli;
Temp++;
Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.Name + " " + Temp);
Thread.Sleep(500);
Saerto_Mtvleli = Temp;
}
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
obieqti.Nakadebis_Shesruleba();
}
public void Nakadebis_Shesruleba()
{
Nakadi1.Name = "Nakadi1";
Nakadi1.Start();
Nakadi2.Start();
}
}
}
Nakadi1 Nakadi2 Saerto_Mtvleli .
Datvla() . , 1, 2, 3, ..., 10.
,
. , :
283
. 15.8.
, :
1.
Nakadi1 Temp Saerto_Mtvleli , 0-.
, Temp 1- .
2.
Nakadi1 0,5 .
3.
Nakadi2 .
4.
Nakadi2 Temp Saerto_Mtvleli , 0-.
, Temp , 1- Nakadi1
, 0- Nakadi2 . ,
Temp 1- .
5.
, Nakadi2 0,5 .
6.
Nakadi1 Saerto_Mtvleli Temp
, , 1-.
7.
Nakadi2 Saerto_Mtvleli
(Temp ) , Nakadi1
.
8.
.
, ,
.
lock . ,
.
. lock
. this . ,
.
//
15.9
//
lock
using System;
using System.Text;
284
namespace Lock
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
{
{
lock (this)
{
Temp++;
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
}
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
}
{
Nakadi1.Start();
Nakadi2.Start();
}
}
}
, (. 15.9).
285
. 15.9.
11 , Nakadi1
Saerto_Mtvleli 9,
. Nakadi2
10- . Nakadi1 ,
.
Interlocked
Interlocked
. 15.4.
15.4. Interlocked .
Decrement()

()
Exchange()

()
Increment()

()
Decrement() .
//
15.10
//
Decrement()
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Interlocked
{
286
class ChemiKlasi
{
{
while ( Saerto_Mtvleli > 0 )
{
System.Threading.Interlocked.Decrement(ref Saerto_Mtvleli);
Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.Name + " " + Saerto_Mtvleli);
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
}
{
Nakadi1.Start();
Nakadi2.Start();
}
}
}
. 15.10.
. 15.10-.
287
Datvla() Decrement() Increment() ,

Saerto_Mtvleli .
Exchange() Datvla() .
{
System.Threading.Interlocked.Exchange(ref Saerto_Mtvleli, 55);
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
Monitor
Monitor
. 15.5.
15.5. Monitor .
Enter() () .
,
,
Exit() ()

Pulse() () ,

PulseAll()
,
()
TryEnter()
.
()
, true,
- false
Wait() ()
, Pulse()
Monitor .
//
15.11
//
Monitor
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Monitor
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
288

{
{
System.Threading.Monitor.Enter(this);
Temp++;
Thread.Sleep(500);
System.Threading.Monitor.Exit(this);
}
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
{
obieqti.Nakadebi_Shesruleba();
}
public void Nakadebi_Shesruleba()
{
Nakadi1.Start();
Nakadi2.Start();
}
}
}
. 15.11-.
Mutex
, , Mutex ,
. ,
. Mutex ,
.
- .
.
WaitOne() .
, .
, .
, ReleaseMutex()
.
289
. 15.11.

.
//
15.12
//

using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Mutex
{
class ChemiKlasi
{
private static int Saerto_Mtvleli = 0;
//

static System.Threading.Mutex Semapori;
public static void Datvla()
{
{
//
Semapori.WaitOne();
Temp++;
Thread.Sleep(500);
//
Semapori.ReleaseMutex();
290
}
Thread.Sleep(5000);
}
static void Main()
{
Semapori = new System.Threading.Mutex(false, "SemaporisMushaoba");
Nakadi1.Start();
Nakadi2.Start();
}
}
}
. 15.12-.
. 15.12.
291
16.
.NET
.
System.Globalization ( 16.1),

. : ,
, , ..
.NET ,
, .
,
- . , en-CA
. . pt-BR
, ka-GE
,
bs-BA-Latn
, .. , .NET

,
.
16.1. System.Globalization .
Calendar
, -
.
CompareInfo

CultureInfo

DateTimeFormatInfo

DaylightTime

NumberFormatInfo

RegionInfo

SortKey
,
StringInfo

TextInfo

292
16.2. CultureInfo .
Calendar
Calendar
,
CompareInfo
CompareInfo

CurrentCulture
CurrentCulture
()
CurrentUICulture
CultureInfo
()

DateTimeFormat
DateTimeFormat
Info

DisplayName
string

EnglishName
string

InstalledUICulture
CultureInfo

()

InvariantCulture
CultureInfo

()
IsNeutralCulture
bool
CultureInfo

IsReadOnly
bool
CultureInfo

LCID
string

CultureInfo
Name
string

NativeName
string

NumberFormat
NumberFormat- Info

OptionalCalendars
Calendar[]

Parent
CultureInfo
,

TextInfo
TextInfo

ThreeLetterISOstring
ISO
LanguageName
TwoLetterISOstring
ISO
LanguageName

UseUserOverride
bool
CultureInfo

293
16.3. CultureInfo .
ClearCachedData()

CreateSpecificCulture()
CultureInfo
()
GetCultures()

()
ReadOnly()
CultureInfo ,
()

using System.Globalization;
CultureInfo 16.2 16.3.
CultureInfo
.
{
//
16.1
//

//

CultureInfo QartuliKultura = new CultureInfo("ka-GE");
label1.Text = QartuliKultura.NativeName;
//
- ()
label2.Text = QartuliKultura.EnglishName;
//
- Georgian(Georgia)
//

DateTimeFormatInfo TarigiDroisFormati = QartuliKultura.DateTimeFormat;
label8.Text += TarigiDroisFormati.LongDatePattern;
// - yyyy''dd MM, dddd
//

NumberFormatInfo RicxvisFormati = QartuliKultura.NumberFormat;
label3.Text = RicxvisFormati.CurrencySymbol;
//
- Lari
label4.Text = RicxvisFormati.NumberDecimalSeparator;
//
- ,
}
CultureInfo QartuliKultura ,
. ,
, , .
CurrentCulture CurrentUICulture . CurrentCulture
, ,
, ,
. CurrentUICulture .
,
, .
.
{
//
16.2
//
CurrentCulture CurrentUICulture
//
//

Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("ka-GE");
294
label1.Text = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name + '\n';

//
CultureInfo InglisisKultura1 = new CultureInfo("en-GB");
label1.Text += CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name + '\n';
//

//

Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo("it-IT");
label1.Text += Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture.Name + '\n';
//

CultureInfo InglisisKultura2 = new CultureInfo("en-GB");
label1.Text += CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture.Name;
}
.NET .
,
- "ka-GE", CultureInfo .
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture . , InglisisKultura1
, - "en-GB". ,
, "ka-GE" .
. CultureInfo GetCultures()
. CultureTypes ,
. 16.4 .
16.4. CultureTypes .
AllCultures
, .NET
InstalledWin32Cultures
,
NeutralCultures

SpecificCultures

.
{
//
16.3
//

foreach ( CultureInfo Kultura in CultureInfo.GetCultures(CultureTypes.AllCultures) )
listBox1.Items.Add(Kultura.EnglishName + "-" + Kultura.Name);
}
listBox1 .
Toolbox .
. (Invariant Language, Invariant
Country) ,
.
. CultureInfo ,
, :
CultureInfo InvariantuliKultura1 = new CultureInfo("");
CultureInfo InvariantuliKultura2 = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;

.
295
{
//
16.4
//

DateTime Tarigi = DateTime.Now;
Double Valuta = 12345.67;
//
CultureInfo SaqartvelosKultura = new CultureInfo("ka-GE");
string QartuliTarigi = Tarigi.ToString("d", SaqartvelosKultura);
string QartuliValuta = Valuta.ToString("c", SaqartvelosKultura);
label10.Text = QartuliTarigi + '\n' + QartuliValuta + '\n';
//
CultureInfo InglisisKultura = new CultureInfo("en-GB");
string InglisuriTarigi = Tarigi.ToString("d", InglisisKultura);
string InglisuriValuta = Valuta.ToString("c", InglisisKultura);
label10.Text += InglisuriTarigi + '\n' + InglisuriValuta + '\n';
}
ToString() ,
.
.NET , GDI+
(Graphic Device Interface,
). ,
. GDI+
,
. -

. GDI+ .
Windows XP, Windows .NET Server .NET . GDI+
:
- , ,
.
- , , bmp, gif, tif, jpg png
.
- .
296
16.5. Graphics .
Clip
Region
ClipBounds
Rectangle
CompositingMode
CompositingMode
CompositingQuality
DpiX
CompositingQuality
float
DpiY
float
InterpolatingMode
InterpolatingMode
IsClipEmpty
bool
PageScale
float
PageUnit
PixelOffsetMode
GraphicsUnit
PixelOffsetMode
RenderingOrigin
Point
SmoothingMode
SmoothingMode
TextContrast
int
TextRenderingHint
TextRenderingHint
Transform
VisibleClipbounds
Matrix
Rectangle

Rectangle ,

Graphics

Graphics

,
Graphics

Graphics

Graphics
297
16.6. Graphics .
AddMetafileComment()
Metafile
BeginContainer()

Clear()

DrawArc()

DrawBezier()

DrawBeziers()

DrawClosedCurve()

DrawCurve()

DrawEllipse()

DrawIcon()

DrawIconUnstretched()

DrawImage()

DrawImageUnscaled()

DrawLine()

DrawLines()

DrawPath()
GraphicsPath
DrawPie()

DrawPolygon()

DrawRectangle()

DrawRectangles()

DrawString()

EndContainer()

EnumerateMetafile()

ExcludeClip()

FillClosedCurve()

FillEllipse()

FillPath()
GraphicsPath
FillPie()

FillPolygon()

FillRectangle()

Fill Rectangles()

FillRegion()
Region
Flush()

FromImage()
Image Graphics
()
GetNearestColor()

IntersectClip()

IsVisible()
true- ,
- false-
MeasureCharacter
Ranges()
298
16.6. ()
MeasureString()
,
ResetClip()

ResetTransform()
Graphics
Restore()
GraphicsState
RotateTransform()
Graphics
Save()
GraphicsState
ScaleTransform()
Graphics
SetClip()

16.7. Pen .
Alignment
PenAlignment
Brush
Brush
Color
CustomEndCap
CustomStartCap
DashCap
Color
CustomLineCap
CustomLineCap
DashCap
DashOffset
Float
DashPattern
Float [ ]
DashStyle
EndCap
LineJoin
DashStyle
LineCap
LineJoin
MiterLimit
Float
PenType
PenType
StartCap
Width
LineCap
Float
Pen
Brush ,
Pen
Pen

, Pen

299
16.8. Pen .
Clone()
Pen
ResetTransform()

RotateTransform()

ScaleTransform()

SetLineCap()
StartCap EndCap
TranslateTransform()

Graphics (, ), Pen
, Brush
. Rectangle
. Graphics 16.5 16.6. Pen
16.7 16.8.
.
Graphics .
Graphics
(). Pen .

Graphics .
Graphics CreateGraphics() . ,
Graphics SaxataviPurceli = CreateGraphics();
DrawArc()
() .
:
void Graphics.DrawArc(Pen , Rectangle ,
float _, float _);
.
{
//

//

Pen Kalami = new Pen(Color.Red, 2);
//

Rectangle Otxkutxedi = new Rectangle(0, 0, 200, 300);
//

SaxataviPurceli.DrawArc(Kalami, Otxkutxedi, 0, 90);
}
, .
, 2 . ,
. (0,0), - (200,300).
.
DrawRectangle() . :
void Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pen , Rectangle );
.
{
300

SaxataviPurceli.DrawRectangle(Kalami, Otxkutxedi);
}
DrawEllipse() . :
void Graphics.DrawEllipse(Pen , Rectangle );
.
{
SaxataviPurceli.DrawEllipse(Kalami, Otxkutxedi);
}
DrawPie() . :
void Graphics.DrawPie(Pen , Rectangle ,
float _, float _);
.
{
SaxataviPurceli.DrawPie(Kalami, Otxkutxedi, 0, 90);
}
DrawLine()
. :
void Graphics.DrawLine(Pen , float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2);
x1 y1 , x2 y2 -
. .
{
SaxataviPurceli.DrawLine(Kalami, 0, 0, 100, 100);
}
DrawPolygon() . :
void Graphics.DrawPolygon(Pen , Point [ ] );
.
{
// ,
Point wertili1 = new Point(50, 50);
Point[] WertilebisMasivi = {
wertili1,
301
wertili2,
wertili3,
wertili4,
wertili5,
wertili6
};
SaxataviPurceli.DrawPolygon(Kalami, WertilebisMasivi);
}
DrawLines()
. :
void Graphics.DrawLines(Pen , Point [ ] );
.
{
//

Point[] WertilebisMasivi = {
wertili1,
wertili2,
wertili3,
wertili4,
wertili5,
wertili6
};
SaxataviPurceli.DrawLines(Kalami, WertilebisMasivi);
}
Pen 4 .
:
Pen _ = new Pen(Brush );
.
{
Brush PunjiSolid = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);
Pen Kalami = new Pen(PunjiSolid);
}
:
Pen _ = new Pen(Color );
.
{
Pen Kalami = new Pen(Color.Red);
302
}
:
Pen _ = new Pen(Brush , float );
.
{
Pen Kalami = new Pen(PunjiSolid, 3);
}
:
Pen _ = new Pen(Color , float );
.
{
}
.
{
//
16.5
//

int x1 = 5, y1 = 5, x2 = 200, y2 = 200;
SaxataviPurceli.DrawLine(Kalami, x1, y1, x2, y2);
//
x1 = 5; y1 = 200; x2 = 200; y2 = 5;
Kalami.StartCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;
//
Kalami.EndCap = LineCap.Round;
//

SaxataviPurceli.DrawLine(Kalami, x1, y1, x2, y2);
//
Kalami.Dispose();
SaxataviPurceli.Dispose();
}
Graphics SaxataviPurceli . Pen
Kalami , , - 5 .
, 1- . DrawLine (0,0)
(200, 200) .
(5, 200), - (200, 5). , . , (5, 200) (200, 5)
. Kalami SaxataviPurceli
.

Brush .
.
16.9.
303
16.9. Brush .
HatchBrush

LinearGradientBrush

PathGradientBrush

SolidBrush

TextureBrush

, , ,
- , -
.
{
//
16.6
//

int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int Sigane = 200;
int Simagle = 300;
//

//

Rectangle Otxkutxedi = new Rectangle(x, y, Sigane, Simagle);
//

//

Brush PunjiHatch = new HatchBrush(HatchStyle.Horizontal, Color.Blue, Color.Yellow);
//

Brush PunjiGradient = new LinearGradientBrush(Otxkutxedi, Color.Black, Color.Aqua, 45, false);
//
,
SaxataviPurceli.FillRectangle(PunjiGradient, Otxkutxedi);
SaxataviPurceli.FillEllipse(PunjiHatch, 5, 110, 100, 100);
SaxataviPurceli.FillPie(PunjiSolid, 60, 60, 120, 120, 270, 90);
//

PunjiSolid.Dispose();
PunjiHatch.Dispose();
PunjiGradient.Dispose();
}

DrawString() . :
void Graphics.DrawString(string , Font , Brush , float x, float y);
304
.
{
//
16.7
//

float x = 10.0f;
float y = 10.0f;
string DasaxatiStriqoni = " ";
//
//

Font Shrifti = new Font("AcadNusx", 14);
//

SolidBrush Punji = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
//
SaxataviPurceli.DrawString(DasaxatiStriqoni, Shrifti, Punji, x, y);
//
Shrifti.Dispose();
Punji.Dispose();
}
.
{
//
16.8
//

float x = 10.0f;
float y = 10.0f;
string DasaxatiStriqoni = " ";
//
Graphics SaxataviPurceli = this.CreateGraphics();
//
Font Shrifti = new Font("AcadNusx", 14);
//
SolidBrush Punji = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
//
StringFormat StriqonisFormati = new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical);
//
SaxataviPurceli.DrawString(DasaxatiStriqoni, Shrifti, Punji, x, y, StriqonisFormati);
//
Shrifti.Dispose();
Punji.Dispose();
}

Bitmap . bmp, gif, jpg, png
tif . GDI+ ,
. 16.10 16.11 Bitmap
305
.
16.10. Bitmap .
Flags
int
FrameDimensionsList
Guid [ ]
Height
int
HorizontalResolution
float
Palette
PhysicalDimension
PixelFormat
PropertyIDList
ColorPalette
Size
PixelFormat
int [ ]
PropertyItems
PropertyItem [ ]
RawFormat
Size
VerticalResolution
ImageFormat
Size
float
Width
int
-
,

/

,
PropertyItem ,

/

Bitmap 12 .
:
Bitmap(string _);
Bitmap(int , int );

.
{
//
16.9
//

Bitmap Gamosaxuleba2 = new Bitmap("ani2.jpg");
SaxataviPurceli.DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba2, 5, 5, 250, 250);
}
306
16.11. Bitmap .
Clone() ()
Bitmap
FromHicon()
Bitmap Windows-
FromResource()
Bitmap Windows-
GetBounds()
,
GetEncoderParameterList()

GetFrameCount()

GetHbitmap()
Windows-
GetHicon()
Windows-
GetPixel()

GetPropertyItem()
PropertyItem
GetThumbnailImage()

LockBits()

MakeTransparent()

RemovePropertyItem()
PropertyItem
RotateFlip()

Save()

SaveAdd()

SelectActiveFrame()

SetPixel()

SetPropertyItem()

SetResolution()

UnlockBits()

.
{
//
16.10
//

OpenFileDialog Surati_Failidan = new OpenFileDialog();
Bitmap Gamosaxuleba;
if ( Surati_Failidan.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK )
{
Gamosaxuleba = new Bitmap(Surati_Failidan.FileName);
SaxataviPurceli.DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba, 5, 5, 250, 250);
}
}
SetPixel() (
307
) . :
void SetPixel(int x, int y, Color );
SetPixel()
.
{
//
16.11
//
SetPixel()
Bitmap Gamosaxuleba1 = new Bitmap(90, 90);
// = = 90
//

for ( int x = 0; x < Gamosaxuleba1.Height; ++x )
for ( int y = 0; y < Gamosaxuleba1.Width; ++y )
Gamosaxuleba1.SetPixel(x, y, Color.White);
//
for ( int x = 0; x < Gamosaxuleba1.Height; ++x )
Gamosaxuleba1.SetPixel(x, x, Color.Red);
//
SaxataviPurceli.DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba1, 0, 0, 100, 100);
}

- . .NET ,
, .
, ,
- .
. .NET
,
.
, .
, . .NET
: DES, RC2, Rijndael
Triple DES.
: .

. .NET :
RSA DSA.
, "" ,
. "" ,
. ,
, .
System.Security.Cryptography .
308

TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider .
16.12, - 16.13.
.
CryptoStream .
, CryptoStream
FileStream
, , NetworkStream
.
16.12. TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
BlockSize
Int

FeedbackSize
Int
,

IV
Byte

Key
Byte

KeySize
Int

LegalBlockSizes
KeySizes[]
,
LegalKeySizes
KeySizes[]
,

Mode
CipherMode

Padding
PaddingMode
,
,
16.13. TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
Clear()

CreateDecryptor()
,

CreateEncryptor()
,

GenerateIV()

GenerateKey()

ValidateKeySize()
,
309
{
//
16.12
//

FileStream SafailoNakadi1 = File.Create("temp.txt");
//
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider CriptoProvaideri = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
//
CryptoStream CriptoNakadi = new CryptoStream(SafailoNakadi1, CriptoProvaideri.CreateEncryptor(),
CryptoStreamMode.Write);
StreamWriter ChawerisNakadi = new StreamWriter(CriptoNakadi);
ChawerisNakadi.WriteLine(" ");
ChawerisNakadi.WriteLine(" ");
ChawerisNakadi.Close();
//

FileStream SafailoNakadi2 = File.Create("encrypted.key");
BinaryWriter OrobitiNakadi = new BinaryWriter(SafailoNakadi2);
OrobitiNakadi.Write(CriptoProvaideri.Key);
OrobitiNakadi.Write(CriptoProvaideri.IV);
OrobitiNakadi.Close();
}
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
. CryptoStream
, . CryptoStream
. -,
. ,
. ,
CryptoStream .
StreamWriter CryptoStream ,
,
FileStream , .
.
.
{
//
16.13
//

TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider CriptoProvaideri = new
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
FileStream SafailoNakadi1 = File.OpenRead("encrypted.key");
BinaryReader OrobitiWamkitxavi = new BinaryReader(SafailoNakadi1);
//

CriptoProvaideri.Key = OrobitiWamkitxavi.ReadBytes(24);
CriptoProvaideri.IV = OrobitiWamkitxavi.ReadBytes(8);
FileStream SafailoNakadi2 = File.OpenRead("temp.txt");
//

CryptoStream CriptoNakadi = new CryptoStream(SafailoNakadi2,
CriptoProvaideri.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read);
StreamReader WakitxvisNakadi = new StreamReader(CriptoNakadi);
310
label1.Text = WakitxvisNakadi.ReadToEnd().ToString() + '\n' +

" = " + CriptoProvaideri.KeySize.ToString() +
'\n' + " = " + CriptoProvaideri.BlockSize.ToString();
label2.Text = " = " + CriptoProvaideri.Mode.ToString();
WakitxvisNakadi.Close();
}
FileStream ,
CryptoStream , StreamReader
.

,
, .

.
{
//
16.14
//

//

label1.Text = "";
//
RSACryptoServiceProvider CriptoProvaideri = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
Byte[] DasashifriMasivi = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
//
Byte[] DashifruliMasivi = CriptoProvaideri.Encrypt(DasashifriMasivi, false);
label1.Text = " : \n";
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < DashifruliMasivi.GetLength(0); indexi++ )
label1.Text += DashifruliMasivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
//
Byte[] GashifruliMasivi = CriptoProvaideri.Decrypt(DashifruliMasivi, false);
label1.Text += " : \n";
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < GashifruliMasivi.GetLength(0); indexi++ )
label1.Text += GashifruliMasivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
label2.Text += " - " + CriptoProvaideri.KeyExchangeAlgorithm.ToString() + '\n'
+ " = " + CriptoProvaideri.KeySize.ToString() + '\n';
}

(COM ) ,
.
. SerialPort .
16.14-16.15.
. ,

311
. MODBUS
COM . ,
.
.
, :
- ;
- ;
- ,
;
- ;
- .
600
, ,
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
, , - ;
, , - ;
- .

:
= 1 2563 + 2 2562 + 3 2561 + 4 2560
Y - , X1 - , X2 ..
( ),
.
,
, Device Manager
. ,
.
.
{
//
16.15
//

BinaryWriter file_out = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream("faili.dat", FileMode.Create));
long ricxvi1, ricxvi2;
byte[] buf8 = new byte[8];
//

byte[] buf13 = new byte[13];
//

//

buf8[0] = 2;
//

buf8[1] = 3;
//

buf8[2] = 29;
//

buf8[3] = 79;
buf8[4] = 0;
//

buf8[5] = 2;
buf8[6] = 243;
//

buf8[7] = 131;
312
SerialPort COM_Porti_1 = new SerialPort();

//

COM_Porti_1.BaudRate = 38400;
//

COM_Porti_1.DataBits = 8;
//

COM_Porti_1.Parity = Parity.None;
//

COM_Porti_1.PortName = textBox1.Text;
//

COM_Porti_1.Open();
//

//

COM_Porti_1.Write(buf8, 0, 8);
Thread.Sleep(600);
//
600
//

wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = COM_Porti_1.Read(buf13, 0, 13);
//

ricxvi1 = buf13[3] * 256 * 256 * 256 + buf13[4] * 256 * 256 + buf13[5] * 256 + buf13[6];
ricxvi2 = buf13[7] * 256 * 256 * 256 + buf13[8] * 256 * 256 + buf13[9] * 256 + buf13[10];
//

file_out.Write(ricxvi1);
file_out.Write(ricxvi2);
file_out.Close();
//
label1.Text = COM_Porti_1.PortName;
//

label3.Text = " = " + COM_Porti_1.BytesToRead.ToString() +
"\n = " + COM_Porti_1.BytesToWrite.ToString();
//

//
COM_Porti_1.Close();
//

}
313
16.14. SerialPort
int BaudRate

int BytesToRead

int BytesToWrite

int DataBits

1 . 58
Encoding Encoding

Handshake Handshake

. : None, XonXoff,
RequestToSend, RequestToSendXonXoff
bool IsOpen
true-, false-,
string NewLine
,
ReadLine() WriteLine()
Parity Parity
.
: None, Odd, Even, Mark, Space
string PortName

int ReadBufferSize
()

int ReadTimeout
,
, - ,

StopBits StopBits
- .
: None, One, Two, OnePointFive
int WriteBufferSize
()

int WriteTimeout
,
, - ,

314
16.15. SerialPort
void Close()
, IsOpen
false

void Dispose()

string[] GetPortNames()

void Open()

int Read(byte[] , int

, int )

int Read(char[] , int

, int )

int ReadByte()

int ReadChar()

string ReadExisting()

string ReadLine()

NewLine
string ReadTo(string )

void Write(string )

void Write(byte[] , int

, int )

void Write(char[] , int

, int )

void WriteLine(string )
NewLine

315
III .
17. ADO.NET
SQL
C# Active Data Objects .NET
Framework ( ADO.NET). ,
SQL . SQL
[1].
, Shekveta_1 ,
: Personali, Shemkveti Xelshekruleba , View_3 ,
Chemi_Procedura
Myproc_Par
,
Iuridiuli_Pirebi1
Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi . :
.
. Chemi_Procedura Personali .
Myproc_Par
. Iuridiuli_Pirebi1
. Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi
.
SQL ADO.NET
: C#
, , , ,
, ,
. .
, , ,
, .. C#
,
.
,
. , .
(),
, SQL
.
316
Visual Studio .NET-

Visual Studio .NET ,
.
Server Explorer .
, ().
, Visual Studio .NET , Tools
Connect to Database . Add Connection (. 17.1). Server name
() . Use SQL Server
Authentication User name Password
. Select or enter a database name . Ok
.
,
. Server Explorer (. 17.2),
Server Explorer .
, View Server Explorer .
Roma.Shekveta_1.dbo ,
Tables (. 17.3). Personali
, Show Table Data
. . 17.4- Personali .
SQL Show SQL Pane
(. 17.5). Ctrl+R
. SQL ,
Show Diagram Pane (. 17.6).
Personal , ,
Properties .
317
. 17.1.
318
. 17.2.
. 17.3.
319
. 17.4.
. 17.5.
320
. 17.6.
ADO.NET
ADO.NET :
- ;
- -.

. System.Data.DataSet .

, DataSet .

.

.
DataSet .
. : , ,
. DataSet , ,
XML .
DataTable . . DataSet
DataTable .
DataRow . . DataTable
DataRow .
321
DataColumn . . DataRow
DataColumn .
DataRelation . DataTable
. DataRelation
"-" . DataSet
DataRelation .
Constraint . ,
,
. DataTable Constraint
.
DataView . DataTable
. DataSet
DataView .
DataSet, DataTable, DataRow, DataColumn, DataRelation, Constraint DataView
System.Data .

.
SqlConnection, OleDbConnection, OdbcConnection . SqlConnection
SQL .
OleDbConnection
, OLEDB (Object Linking and Embedding for Databases ) .
Oracle Access. OdbcConnection
, ODBC (Open Database Connectivity ) .
ODBC ,
.NET , , ,
.
SqlCommand, OleDbCommand, OdbcCommand .
SQL .

- .
SqlDataReader, OleDbDataReader, OdbcDataReader .
, SQL
,
OLEDB ODBC .
DataSet .
, , ,
DataSet .
SqlDataAdapter, OleDbDataAdapter, OdbcDataAdapter .
DataSet ,
SQL ,
, OLEDB ODBC .
SQL System.Data.SqlClient
. , ODBC
, System.Data.Odbc .
322

SQL Shekveta_1
. ,
.
. Form1 .
using using System.Data.SqlClient;
. , Form1.cs [Designe] ToolBox
AllWindowsForms BindingSource .
bindingSource1 ,
. . Properties DataSource
Add Project Data Source .
(. 17.7), Database
Next .
(. 17.8) Which data connection ...
. , New Connection
. (. 17.9) Server name
() . Use SQL Server Authentication . User name
Password . Select or enter a database
name OK .
(. 17.10). Connection string
. ,
: () - Roma,
- Shekveta_1 - sa. Yes, include sensitive data in the
connection string (. 17.11). ,
- . Next .
(. 17.12) .
. Yes, save the connection as ,
.
Next .
(. 17.13) Shekveta_1DataSet ,
.
, , ,
. . Personali, Shemkveti, View_3,
Myproc_Par Iuridiuli_Pirebi . Finish ,
Shekveta_1DataSet (. 17.14).
, bindingSource1 . Properties
DataMember Personali . , PersonaliTable Adapter
( 17. 15).
() Personali Shemkveti . ,
Shekveta_1DataSet ,
Edit in DataSet Designer . Shekveta_1DataSet.xsd ( 17.16).
, , Add
323
Relation . (. 17.17), Name

- Personali_Shemkveti. . Parent
Table () - Personali, Childe Table
- () - Shemkveti. Key Columns
. Personali PersonaliID .
Foreign Key Columns . Shemkveti
PersonaliID . Relation Only OK
. Shekveta_1DataSet.xsd . (
17.18).
, bindingSource1 .
,
. bindingSource2 . Properties DataSource
bindingSource1, DataMember - Personali_Shemkveti.
. 17.7.
324
. 17.8
325
. 17.9
326
. 17.10.
. 17.11.
327
. 17.12.
. 17.13.
328
. 17.14.
. 17.15.
329
. 17.16.
. 17.17.
330
. 17.18.
. 17.19.
331
. 17.20.
dataGridView1 (. 17.19).
. Choose Data Source bindingSource1.
Preview Data ,
Preview . dataGridView1
. dataGridView1
bindingSource1 , , Properties
DataSource .
dataGridView2 bindingSource2
. ,
. Properties Size
.
bindingNavigator1 (. 17.20).
. Properties Dock
None. , .
Personali . , DataSource
bindingSource1. bindingNavigator2
bindingSource2 . , F5 ,
.
bindingNavigator1
DataSet
Personali ,
- .
,
,
332
. .
bindingNavigator1
. Insert Standard Items . ,
.
. 17.21.
. bindingNavigator1
Properties Items .
(. 17.21) Select item ... Add
.
. bindingNavigator1
, ,
.
.
bindingNavigator1

,
( , ).
dataGridView1
. :
{
this.Validate();
this.bindingSource1.EndEdit();
this.personaliTableAdapter.Update(this.Shekveta_1DataSet.Personali);
}

dataGridView1
333
:
{
this.personaliTableAdapter.Fill(this.shekveta_1DataSet.Personali);
}
, ,
.
textBox1
Personali gvari . , Properties DataBindings
, Text , bindingSource1
gvari .
. textBox1 gvari .
, , gvari .
. bindingNavigator1
textBox1 , "".
bindingNavigator1
.
, . ,

.
, textBox,
dateTimePicker .

dataView
. Table Personali .
asaki
.
{
dataView1.RowFilter = "asaki > 35";
dataGridView1.DataSource = dataView1;
}
button .
textBox :
{
dataView1.RowFilter = textBox1.Text;
}
:
{
dataView1.RowFilter = "";
}

dataView .
Personali asaki
:
{
334
dataView1.Sort = "asaki DESC";

}
:
{
dataView1.Sort = "asaki DESC, tarigi ASC";
}
:
{
dataView1.Sort = "";
}
dataGridView1 :
{
dataGridView1.Sort(this.dataGridView1.Columns[1],
System.ComponentModel.ListSortDirection.Descending);
}
dataGridView1
, 1. gvari .
dataGridView1
, 0.
PersonaliID :
{
dataGridView1.Sort(this.dataGridView1.Columns[0],
System.ComponentModel.ListSortDirection.Ascending);
}

bindingSource1
Find . ,
, .
gvari " " .
. , 1. ,
.
label2 . ,
dataGridView1 ,
bindingSource1 Position . :
{
int index = bindingSource1.Find("gvari", " ");
label2.Text = index.ToString();
if ( index != -1 )
{
string gvqri = this.shekveta_1DataSet1.Personali.Rows[index][1].ToString();
string ganyofileba = this.shekveta_1DataSet1.Personali.Rows[index][2].ToString();
string qalaqi = this.shekveta_1DataSet1.Personali.Rows[index][3].ToString();
335
double xelfasi = Convert.ToDouble(this.shekveta_1DataSet1.Personali.Rows[index][4]);

int asaki = Convert.ToInt32(this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index][5]);
int staji = Convert.ToInt32(this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index][6]);
DateTime tarigi_dabadebis = Convert.ToDateTime(this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index][7]);
bindingSource1.Position = index;
}
}
, Find textBox
:
int index = bindingSource1.Find(textBox3.Text, textBox4.Text);
, .
, , , dataGridView
bindingNavigator
bindingSource1 . ,
bindingSource1.MoveNext() ,
- bindingSource1.MovePrevious() ,
- bindingSource1.MoveLast() ,
- bindingSource1.MoveFirst() . button
.
bindingNavigator .
dataGridView1 ,
RowIndex .
.
:
{
int CurrentRowIndex = this.dataGridView1.CurrentCell.RowIndex;
int staji = Convert.ToInt32(this.shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[CurrentRowIndex]["staji"]);
string qalaqi = this.dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[3].Value .ToString();
label2.Text = qalaqi + " " + staji.ToString();
}
DataSet Compute
.
: SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN. xelfasi
:
{
object sumObject = shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Compute("SUM(xelfasi)", "");
label21.Text = sumObject.ToString();
}
Compute ,
. asaki
, xelfasi 700- t.
{
336
object avgObject = (this.shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Compute("AVG(asaki)", "xelfasi > 700");

label21.Text = avgObject.ToString();
}
, :
{
object countObject = shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Compute("COUNT(asaki)", "");
object maxObject = shekveta_1DataSet.Personali Compute("MAX(asaki)", "");
object minObject = shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Compute("MIN(asaki)", "");
label1.Text = countObject.ToString();
label2.Text = maxObject.ToString();
label3.Text = minObject.ToString();
}
, DataTable :
{
DataTable cxrili_obj = shekveta_1DataSet.Tables["Personali"];
object sumObject = cxrili_obj.Compute("SUM(Asaki)", "");
label4.Text = sumObject.ToString();
}
, dataGridView
. staji
:
{
int CurrentRowIndex1 = this.dataGridView6.CurrentCell.RowIndex;
double xelfasi =
Convert.ToDouble(this.shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[CurrentRowIndex1][4].ToString());
int daqvitva = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
double tanxa = xelfasi - daqvitva;
this.shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[CurrentRowIndex1][4] = tanxa;
label1.Text = tanxa.ToString();
}
DataSet Rows
.
masivi ,
5 (asaki ):
{
label1.Text = "";
int[] masivi = new int[shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows.Count];
for ( int striqonis_indexi = 0; striqonis_indexi < shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows.Count;
striqonis_indexi++ )
{
masivi[striqonis_indexi] =
Convert.ToInt32(shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[striqonis_indexi][5]) + 10;
}
for ( int ind = 0; ind < masivi.Length; ind++ )
label1.Text += masivi[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
10- xelfasi :
337
{
for (int striqonis_indexi = 0; striqonis_indexi < Shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows.Count;
striqonis_indexi++)
{
shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[striqonis_indexi][4] =
Convert.ToInt32(shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.Rows[striqonis_indexi][4]) + 10;
}
Validate();
bindingSource7.EndEdit();
PersonaliTableAdapter.Update(Shekveta_1DataSet.Personali);
}

Personali Shemkveti .
Personali, - Shemkveti.
Personali_Shemkveti. , ,
Shemkveti, - Personali.
Shemkveti_Personali. DataGridView1 . DataSource
bindingSource4 . , DataGridView2
. DataSource bindingSource5 .
button , Personali
Shemkveti . Personali ,
- Shemkveti:
{
bindingSource5.DataSource = bindingSource4;
bindingSource5.DataMember = "Personali_Shemkveti";
}
:
{
bindingSource4.DataSource = null;
bindingSource4.DataSource = shekveta_1DataSet;
bindingSource4.DataMember = shekveta_1DataSet.Personali.ToString();
bindingSource5.DataMember = shekveta_1DataSet.Shemkveti.ToString();
}
,
Shemkveti , Personali:
{
bindingSource5.DataMember = "Shemkveti";
bindingSource4.DataSource = bindingSource5;
bindingSource4.DataMember = "Shemkveti_Personali";
}
338
ADO.NET
SELECT
, SQL
Shekveta_1 SELECT .
:
1. ,
:
- , SQL .
server . SQL ,
. ()
, , localhost ,
server = localhost.
- , database , database = Shekveta_1.
- , uid , uid = sa.
- . pwd ,
pwd=paroli.
string connectionString , Shekveta_1
:
string connectionstring = "server=ROMA; database=Shekveta_1; uid=sa; pwd=paroli";
2. mySqlConnection :
SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
3. SELECT , Personali
:
string selectString = "SELECT * FROM Personali";
4. mySqlCommand SELECT ,
mySqlConnection CreateCommand() :
SqlCommand mySqlCommand = mySqlConnection.CreateCommand();
5. mySqlCommand CommandText SELECT
:
mySqlCommand.CommandText = selectString;
6.
mySqlDataAdapter ,
DataSet :
SqlDataAdapter mySqlDataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
7. mySqlDataAdapter SelectCommand mySqlCommand
:
mySqlDataAdapter.SelectCommand = mySqlCommand;
mySqlCommand CommandText
SELECT .
8. myDataSet SELECT :
DataSet myDataSet = new DataSet();
9. mySqlConnection Open()
:
mySqlConnection.Open();
.
10. mySqlDataAdapter Fill()
339
DataTable , DataSet .
Fill() : - DataSet ,
- , DataTable , .
Fill() myDataSet DataTable Personali
, SELECT . mySqlDataAdapter
Fill() , myDataSet "Personali"
:
mySqlDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet, "Personali");
12. , dataGridView1 "Personali"
. , DataSource DataMember
:
dataGridView1.DataSource = myDataSet;
dataGridView1.DataMember = "Personali";

dataGridView1.DataMember = myDataSet.Ado.ToString();
.
13. SqlConnection Close()
:
mySqlConnection.Close();
, .
, using ,
using System.Data.SqlClient; .
{
//
17.1
//
SELECT
SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection(connectionstring);
myDataSet.Clear();
}
dataGridView1 button1
. button1 .
SELECT
. SELECT WHERE
. , ,
45-, SELECT
:
340
string selectString = "SELECT * FROM Personali WHERE asaki > 45";

xelfasi
, SELECT
:
string selectString = "SELECT * FROM Personali ORDER BY xelfasi";
xelfasi
asaki , SELECT
:
string selectString = "SELECT * FROM Personali ORDER BY xelfasi, asaki DESC";
INSERT
, SQL
Shekveta_1 INSERT .
:
1. INSERT . personaliID
( ) (, textBox6.Text
), INSERT .
:
string insertString =
"INSERT INTO Personali (personaliID, gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis)
VALUES (@personaliID, @gvari, @ganyofileba, @qalaqi, @xelfasi, @asaki, @staji, @tarigi_dabadebis)";
personaliID , INSERT
. :
"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis)
VALUES (@gvari, @ganyofileba, @qalaqi, @xelfasi, @asaki, @staji, @tarigi_dabadebis)";
, @ .
.
.
.
2. mySqlCommand INSERT :
3. mySqlCommand CommandText INSERT
:
mySqlCommand.CommandText = insertString;
4. Add() mySqlCommand
. Add() :
- -, INSERT .
- . 19.1.
- . .
INSERT .
Add() mySqlCommand
:
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@gvari", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 20);
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@ganyofileba", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 20);
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@qalaqi", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 20);
341
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@xelfasi", SqlDbType.Float, 8);

mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@asaki", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@staji", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@tarigi_dabadebis", SqlDbType.DateTime, 8);
5. Value .
Personali :
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@gvari"].Value = textBox1.Text;
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@ganyofileba"].Value = textBox2.Text;
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@qalaqi"].Value = textBox3.Text;
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@xelfasi"].Value = Convert.ToDouble(textBox4.Text);
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@asaki"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(textBox5.Text);
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@staji"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(textBox6.Text);
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@tarigi_dabadebis"].Value = dateTimePicker1.Value;
, INSERT :
INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis)
VALUES (' ', '', '', 600, 50, 30, '10.02.1959');
6. ExecuteNonQuery() SQL :
mySQLCommand.ExcuteNonQuery();
INSERT Personali
. , INSERT
.
, .
SELECT ( 19.1),
, .
{
//
17.2
//
INSERT
"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis) " +
"VALUES (@gvari, @ganyofileba, @qalaqi, @xelfasi, @asaki, @staji, @tarigi_dabadebis)";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = insertString;
mySqlDataAdapter.InsertCommand = mySqlCommand;
//
//
342
//
mySqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
DELETE
, SQL
Shekveta_1 DELETE .
:
1. DELETE :
string insertString = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE personaliID = @personaliID";
2. mySqlCommand DELETE :
3. mySqlCommand CommandText DELETE
:
mySqlCommand.CommandText = deleteString;
. :
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@personaliID", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
5. Value .
Personali @personaliID
textBox1.Text . ,
:
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@personaliID"].Value = textBox1.Text;
DELETE Personali .
, DELETE
.
, .
.
. SELECT
343
( 19.1), ,
.
{
//
17.3
//
DELETE
string selectString = "SELECT * FROM Personali ";
//
string deletestring = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (PersonaliID = @PersonaliID)";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = deletestring;
mySqlDataAdapter.DeleteCommand = mySqlCommand;
//
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@PersonaliID", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
// , textBox1-
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@PersonaliID"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
//
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
bindingSource1 Find()
.
:
{
//
17.4
//
DELETE
344
//
BindingSource bind1 = new BindingSource(myDataSet, "Personali");
int index = bind1.Find(textBox1.Text, textBox2.Text);
if ( index != -1 )
{
label1.Text = myDataSet.Tables["Personali"].Rows[index][1].ToString();
//
int pirveladi_gasagebi = Convert.ToInt32(myDataSet.Tables["Personali"].Rows[index][0]);
//
string deletestring = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (PersonaliID = @PersonaliID)";
//
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@PersonaliID", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@PersonaliID"].Value = pirveladi_gasagebi;
//
}
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
, .
() ,
. dateTimePicker
.
{
//
17.5
//
DELETE
string connectionstring = "server=ROMA; database=Shekveta_1; uid=sa; pwd=romaroma";
string deletestring = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (tarigi_dabadebis < @tarigi_dabadebis)";
//
345

//
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
UPDATE
, SQL
Shekveta_1 UPDATE .
:
1. UPDATE :
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "UPDATE Personali SET gvari = @gvari, ganyofileba = @ganyofileba,
qalaqi = @qalaqi, xelfasi = @xelfasi, "asaki = @asaki, staji = @staji, tarigi_dabadebis = @tarigi_dabadebis
WHERE (personaliID = @personaliID)";
2. mySqlCommand UPDATE :
3. mySqlCommand CommandText UPDATE
:
mySqlCommand.CommandText = updateString;
:
5. Value .
Personali @personaliID
textBox6.Text . ,
:
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@personaliID"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(textBox6.Text);
346
UPDATE Personali
. , UPDATE
.
, .
SELECT ( 19.1),
, .
{
//
17.6
//
UPDATE
string updateString =
"UPDATE Personali SET gvari = @gvari, ganyofileba = @ganyofileba, qalaqi = @qalaqi, " +
"xelfasi = @xelfasi, asaki = @asaki, staji = @staji, tarigi_dabadebis = @tarigi_dabadebis " +
"WHERE (personaliID = @personaliID)";
//
mySqlDataAdapter.UpdateCommand = mySqlCommand;
//
//
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@personaliID"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(textBox6.Text);
//
347
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
bindingSource1 Find()
.
:
{
//
17.7
//
UPDATE
"UPDATE Personali SET gvari = @gvari, ganyofileba = @ganyofileba, qalaqi = @qalaqi, " +
"xelfasi = @xelfasi, asaki = @asaki, staji = @staji, tarigi_dabadebis = @tarigi_dabadebis " +
"WHERE (personaliID = @personaliID)";
//
BindingSource bind1 = new BindingSource(myDataSet, "Personali");
int index = bind1.Find(textBox1.Text, textBox2.Text);
if ( index != -1 )
{
label1.Text = myDataSet.Tables["Personali"].Rows[index][1].ToString();
//
int pirveladi_gasagebi = Convert.ToInt32(myDataSet.Tables["Personali"].Rows[index][0]);
//
//
348

//
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@personaliID"].Value = pirveladi_gasagebi;
//
}
myDataSet.Clear();
}
, .
.
textBox
.
{
//
17.8
//
UPDATE
"UPDATE Personali SET xelfasi = xelfasi + @xelfasi WHERE (ganyofileba = @ganyofileba)";
//
349
//
//
//
//
myDataSet.Clear();
}
ADO.NET
ADO.NET SqlTransaction .
, Personali Shemkveti INSERT
.
, :
1. SqlTransaction SqlConnection
BeginTransaction() .
2. SqlCommand SQL .
3. SqlCommand Transaction .
4. INSERT .
5. SqlCommand CommandText INSERT
.
6. INSERT SqlCommand ExecuteNonQuery()
.
7. INSERT .
8. SqlCommand CommandText INSERT
.
9. INSERT SqlCommand ExecuteNonQuery()
.
10. SqlTransaction Commit() .
, :
350
17.1. SqlDbType .
BigInt
64- , 263263-1
(-92233720368547758089223372036854775807)
Binary
8000
Bit
, 0, 1 null
Char
8000 , Unicode
DateTime
1753 1 9999 31
Decimal
-103811038-1 (-79228162514264337593543950335
79228162514264337593543950335)
Float
-1.79E+3081.79E+308
Image
231-1 (2147483647)
Int
32- , -231231-1 (21474836482147483647)
Money
-922337203685477.5808922337203685477.5807
NChar
Unicode 4000
NText
Unicode 230-1
(1073741823)
NVarChar
Unicode 4000
Real
-3.40E+383.40E+38
SmallDateTime
1900 1 2079 6
SmallInt
16-
SmallMoney
-214748.3648214748.3647
Text
231-1 (2147483647) ,
Unicode
Timestamp
yyyymmddhhmmss
(/////)
TinyInt
8- 028-1 (255)
UniqueIdentifier
GUID (Globally Unique IDentifier -
)
VarBinary
8000
VarChar
8000 ,
Unicode
Variant
, ,
,
{
//
17.9
//

string connectionString = "server=roma;database=Shekveta_1;uid=sa;pwd=paroli";
SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
351
SqlTransaction mySqlTransaction = mySqlConnection.BeginTransaction();
mySqlCommand.Transaction = mySqlTransaction;
string insertStringP =
"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis) " +
"VALUES (N' ', N'', N'', 600.55, 50, 30, '10.02.1959')";
string insertStringS =
"INSERT INTO Shemkveti (personaliID, iuridiuli_fizikuri, gvari, qalaqi, misamarti, mobiluri, " +
"firmis_dasaxeleba) VALUES (1, N'', N' ', N'', " +
"N' . 27', N'893277285', N'Lia&Co')";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = insertStringP;
mySqlCommand.CommandText = insertStringS;
mySqlTransaction.Commit();
string selectString1 = "SELECT * FROM Personali";
string selectString2 = "SELECT * FROM Shemkveti";
//
SqlCommand mySqlCommand1 = mySqlConnection.CreateCommand();
SqlCommand mySqlCommand2 = mySqlConnection.CreateCommand();
//
mySqlCommand1.CommandText = selectString1;
mySqlCommand2.CommandText = selectString2;
//
SqlDataAdapter mySqlDataAdapter1 = new SqlDataAdapter();
SqlDataAdapter mySqlDataAdapter2 = new SqlDataAdapter();
//
mySqlDataAdapter1.SelectCommand = mySqlCommand1;
mySqlDataAdapter2.SelectCommand = mySqlCommand2;
//
mySqlDataAdapter1.Fill(myDataSet, "Personali");
mySqlDataAdapter2.Fill(myDataSet, "Shemkveti");
dataGridView2.DataMember = "Shemkveti";
}

,
. DataTable
DataView .
DataView RowFilter .
myDataSet DataSet ,
352
DataTable , Personali . ,
, ,
45-. DataView myDataView ,
DataTable , :
DataView myDataView = new DataView(myDataSet.Tables["Personali"]);
, DataView ,
, asaki 45- .
myDataView RowFilter
"asaki > 45"
:
myDataView.RowFilter = "asaki > 45";
myDataView Personali
. myDataView
. :
{
//
17.10
//
Personali
myDataView.RowFilter = "asaki > 45";
myDataSet.Clear();
dataGridView3.DataSource = myDataView;
}
,
:
myDataView.RowFilter = "ganyofileba = ''";
, textBox1.Text :
myDataView.RowFilter = textBox1.Text;
myDataView
RowFilter :
myDataView.RowFilter = "";

. DataTable
DataView .
DataView Sort
.
gvari
353
myDataView Sort "gvari ASC"

:
myDataView.Sort = "gvari ASC";
, , ASC
DESC :
myDataView.Sort = "gvari DESC";
, , , gvari
asaki :
myDataView.Sort = "gvari ASC, asaki DESC";
DataView Personali
.
{
//
17.11
//
Personali
myDataView.Sort = "gvari DESC";
myDataSet.Clear();
dataGridView3.DataSource = myDataView;
}
myDataView Sort
:
myDataView.Sort = "";

DataSet . Find()
, .
4 :
{
//
17.12
//

354

//
DataRow foundRow = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows.Find(25);
int index = foundRow.Table.Rows.IndexOf(foundRow);
if ( index != -1 )
{
label2.Text = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index]["gvari"].ToString();
}
}
:
label2.Text = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index][1].ToString();
, , DataSet
FindByID() . ,
. 3:
{
//
17.13
//

//
DataRow foundRow = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.FindBypersonaliID(3);
int index = foundRow.Table.Rows.IndexOf(foundRow);
if ( index != -1 )
{
label2.Text = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Personali.Rows[index][1].ToString() + " ";
int asaki = Convert.ToInt32(foundRow[5].ToString());
string name = foundRow["gvari"].ToString();
label2.Text += asaki.ToString() + " " + name;
}
}
,
. , DataTable Select() .
DataRows , Select()
. Personali qalaqi ''
staji
355
. foundRows .

:
{
DataRow[] foundRows;
foundRows = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Tables["Personali"].Select("qalaqi = ''", "staji ASC");
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < foundRows.Length; indexi++ )
label1.Text += foundRows[indexi]["gvari"].ToString() +
Convert.ToInt32(foundRows[indexi]["asaki"]) + '\n';
}
:
foundRows = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Tables["Personali"].Select("asaki > 35");
Select() textBox :
foundRows = this.shekveta_1DataSet2.Tables["Personali"].Select(textBox1.Text);

,
.
. , , Fill
:
{
//
17.14
//

SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new
SqlConnection("server=ROMA;database=Shekveta_1;uid=sa;pwd=paroli");
string procedureString = "dbo.Myproc_Par";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = procedureString;
mySqlCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
//
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "Myproc_Par";
myproc_ParTableAdapter.Fill(this.shekveta_1DataSet4.Myproc_Par, textBox1.Text);
dataGridView3.DataSource = this.shekveta_1DataSet4.Myproc_Par;
}
Iuridiuli_Pirebi1 .
, Fill
:
{
//
17.15
356
//

string selectString = "SELECT * FROM dbo.uridiuli_Pirebi1(@qalaqi, @iuridiuli_fizikuri)";
mySqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@iuridiuli_fizikuri", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 30);
mySqlCommand.Parameters["@iuridiuli_fizikuri"].Value = textBox2.Text;
iuridiuli_Pirebi1TableAdapter.Fill(this.shekveta_1DataSet4.Iuridiuli_Pirebi1, textBox1.Text,
textBox2.Text);
dataGridView3.DataSource = shekveta_1DataSet4;
dataGridView3.DataMember = "iuridiuli_Pirebi1";
}

, SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX
MIN . SUM
:
{
//
17.16
//

SqlConnection mySqlConnection =
new SqlConnection("server=ROMA; database=Shekveta_1; uid=sa; pwd=paroli");
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT SUM(xelfasi) FROM Personali";
DataSet myDataSet1 = new DataSet();
//
myDataSet1.Clear();
mySqlDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet1, "Personali");
dataGridView3.DataSource = myDataSet1;
}
AVG
:
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT AVG(xelfasi) FROM Personali";
COUNT, MAX MIN :
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT COUNT(xelfasi) FROM Personali";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT MAX(xelfasi) FROM Personali";
mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT MIN(xelfasi) FROM Personali";
357
Access
SQL
. SQL Access .
. ,
: Control PanelAdministrative ToolsData Sources (ODBC). ODBC Data Source
Administrator (.17.22) User DSN Add .
(. 17.23) Driver do Microsoft Access (*.mdb) Finish
. (.17.24) Data Source Name
, Access_Baza_5 Select .
OK . Options , Exclusive
Read Only OK .
(. 17.25). OK .
, Access .
bindingSource1 . . 17.9- . Change
. (. 17.26) Microsoft ODBC Data Source
OK . Use user or system data source name (. 17.27)
Access_Baza_5 OK .
, .
. 17.22.
358
. 17.23.
. 17.24.
359
. 17.25.
. 17.26.
360
. 17.27.
361
1.
2. C#

,
:
2.1.1.
x2
y 1 x
2
2.1.2.
x 2 z2
y
x 2 z2
1
2
2.1.3.
x 1
4
y 1 x
1
ex 2
x 4
x
2.1.4.
2.1.5.
y sinx 3 cos 3 x 4 e
, :
2.1.6. , J
U
.
R
2.1.7. .
2.1.8. .
2.1.9. ,
2.1.10.
ah
.
2
S p(p a)(p b)(p c) .

2.1.11. , p a b c .
2.1.12. .
2.1.13. .
2.1.14. , C 2.
2
2.1.15. , S r .
2.1.16. , S
ab
h.
2
2.1.17. .
362

,
:
2.2.1.
y x1 & &x2 || x3 & &! x4 , x1=true, x2=false, x3=true, x4=false
2.2.2.
y x1 ||! x2 & &x3 || x4 ,
x1=false, x2=false, x3=true, x4=true
2.2.3.
y ! x1 & &! x2 & &x3 || x4 , x1=true, x2=true, x3=false, x4=false
2.2.4.
y ! x1 || x2 ||! x3 & &x4 ,
x1=false, x2=true, x3=true, x4=false
3.
if
, :
3.1.1. . textBox
. label .
3.1.2. .
3.1.3. 5- .
3.1.4. 30- .
3.1.5. 10-.
3.1.6. -2,01-.
3.1.7. 15-.
3.1.8. 23-.
3.1.9. .
3.1.10. .
if
, :
3.2.1. .
3.2.2. .
3.2.3. .
3.2.4. .
3.2.5. 7- .
3.2.6. .
3.2.7. .
3.2.8. .
3.2.9. .
3.2.10. 5- .
3.2.11. 10- .
3.2.12. 5- .
3.2.13. 50- .
, :
3.3.1. x 0 < x 17 .
3.3.2. x 10 x < 19 .
363
3.3.3. x 25- 100- .

3.3.4. x 30- 5- .
3.3.5. .
3.3.6. 7- .
for, while, do-while
1 1 1 1

2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1
1
4
3 5 7 9
ln 2 1
3.4.1.
3.4.2.
2
3.4.3.
2
3.4.4.
1 1 1 1

22 32 4 2 52
1 1 1 1

32 52 7 2 92
3.4.5.
x 2 x3 x 4 x5
ln(1 x) x
2 3 4 5
3.4.6.
x 2 x3 x 4 x5
ln(1 x) x
2 3 4 5
3.4.7.
x3 x5 x7 x9
arctgx x
3 5 7 9
3.4.8.
1
1 x x2 x3 x4 x5
1 x
3.4.9.
1
1 x x 2 x3 x 4 x5
1 x
1
1
1 3
x x2
x
2
8
16
1
1
3
5
1 x x 2 x3
2
8
16
1 x
1 x 1
3.4.10.
3.4.11.
arcsin x x
3.4.12.
1 3
1 3 5
x
x
23
3 4 5
1 x
x3 x5 x7
ln
2( x
)
1 x
3
5
7
3.4.13.
1 2 3 4 5 6
y
4
5
6
7 8
3.4.14.
364
, :
3.4.15. 5- 27- .
3.4.16. 10- 20- .
3.4.17. 8- 20- 50- .
3.4.18. 10- 70- , 8- .
continue, break
, :
3.5.1. 1- 20- , 24- .
3.5.2. 4- 6- 79- , 4-
50- .
3.5.3. 9- 2- 47- , 9-
30- .
4. ,

, :
4.1.1. M10 .
4.1.2. M10 .
4.1.3. M10 .
4.1.4. M10 .
4.1.5. M10 .
4.1.6. M10 .
4.1.7. M10 .
4.1.8. M10 .
4.1.9. M10 .
4.1.10. M10 .
4.1.11. M10 .
4.1.12. M10 .
4.1.13. M10 .
4.1.14. M10 N10 .
4.1.15. M10 .
4.1.16. M10 .
4.1.17. M10 .
4.1.18. M10 .
4.1.19. M10 .
4.1.20. M10 , b .
4.1.21. M10 , b .
4.1.22. M10
.
4.1.23. M10 .
4.1.24. M10 .
4.1.25. , M10
.
4.1.26. , M10
365
.
4.1.27. M10 , 20-
.
4.1.28. M10 N10 , 20-
.
4.1.29. M10 ,
.
4.1.30. M10 N10 .
4.1.31. M10 5- N10 .
4.1.32. M10 N10 .
4.1.33. M10 N5 .
4.1.34. M10 N5 .
4.1.35. M20 A10 ,
- B10 .
4.1.36. M10 N10 .
4.1.37. M10 N10 .
4.1.38. M10 N5 .
4.1.39. M10 3- N10 .
4.1.40. A10 B10
M20 .
4.1.41. M10
N .
4.1.42. N M10 , 5- 1 4- .
4.1.43. M10 0-.
4.1.44. M10 .
4.1.45. M10 () .
4.1.46. M10 ,
,
. .
4.1.47. A10 , M10
, - .
4.1.48. M10 ,
, - .
4.1.49. M10 n .
4.1.50. M10 n .
4.1.51. M10 .
4.1.52. M10 .
4.1.53. M10 N10 .
4.1.54. M10 N10 .
4.1.55. M10
.
4.1.56. M10 .
4.1.57. M10 .
4.1.58. M10 .
4.1.59. M10 .
4.1.60. M10 .
366
4.1.61. M10 , .
4.1.62. M10 , .
4.1.63. M10 5- ,
.
4.1.64. M10 :
. ;
. .

, :
4.2.1. A5,5 .
4.2.2. A5,5 .
4.2.3. A5,5 .
4.2.4. A5,5 .
4.2.5. A5,5 .
4.2.6. A5,5 .
4.2.7. A5,5 .
4.2.8. A5,5 .
4.2.9. A5,5 .
4.2.10. A5,5 .
4.2.11. A5,5 .
4.2.12. A5,5 .
4.2.13. A5,5 .
4.2.14. A5,5 .
4.2.15. A5,5 6- .
4.2.16. A5,5 .
4.2.17. A5,5 4- .
4.2.18. A5,5 , 20-
.
4.2.19. A5,5 M25 , 20-
.
4.2.20. A5,5 B25 .
4.2.21. A5,5 B25 .
4.2.22. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.23. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.24. A5,5
B5 .
4.2.25. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.26. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.27. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.28. A5,5
B5 .
4.2.29. A5,5
B5 .
367
4.2.30. A5,5 ,
B5,5 .
4.2.31. A5,5 ,
B5 .
4.2.32. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.33. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.34. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.35. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.36. A5,5
B3 .
4.2.37. A5,5
B2 .
4.2.38. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.39. A5,5 , .
B5 .
4.2.40. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.41. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.42. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.43. A5,5 .
4.2.44. A5,5 .
4.2.45. A5,5 1-.
4.2.46. A5,5
.
4.2.47. A5,5
.
4.2.48. A5,5 . ,
,
.. .
4.2.49. A5,5 .
4.2.50. A5,5 . ,
,
.. .
4.2.51. A5,5 .
4.2.52. A5,5 .
, ,
.. .
4.2.53. A5,5 .
4.2.54. A5,5 .
, ,
.. .
4.2.55. A5,5 .
4.2.56. A5,5 .
368
4.2.57. A5,5 .
4.2.58. A5,5 .
4.2.59. A5,5 .
4.2.60. A5,5 .
4.2.61. A5,5 .
4.2.62. A5,5 .
4.2.63. A5,5 .
4.2.64. A5,5 , 8-
.
4.2.65. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.66. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.67. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.68. A5,5 .
4.2.69. A5,5 , .
4.2.70. A5,5 , .
4.2.71. A5,5 .
4.2.72. A5,5 .
4.2.73. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.74. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.75. A5,5 .
4.2.76. A5,5 .
4.2.77. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.78. A5,5
.
4.2.79. A5,5 . ,
.
4.2.80. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.81. A5,5 ,
.
5. , ,
.
5.1.1. , :
, 1 ;
: .
5.1.2. , : ,
; : .
5.1.3. , :
369
1 ; :
.
5.1.4. , :
; : .
5.2.1. , .
, 10- ,
.
5.2.2. , : ,
; , ;
:
;
.
5.2.3. , :
1 ; :
. :
;
;
.
5.2.4. , :
, 1 ;
:
; ;
.
5.2.5. , :
; ,
; :
, ;
;
.
5.3.1. , :
, 1 ;
: ,
;
;
.
5.3.2. , :
; :
; : ,
;
.
5.3.3. , :
; :
; : ,
370
;
.
.
5.4.1. Samkutxedi . ,
.
5.4.2. Otxkutxedi . ,
.
5.4.3. Kvadrati_1 . ,
. Kvadrati_2 .
, ,
Kvadrati_1 .
5.4.4. ChemiKlasi_1 .
,
. ChemiKlasi_2 .
,

ChemiKlasi_1 .
. ref, out params
5.5.1. ref .
.
5.5.2. , .
, ref
. . ref
.
5.5.3. out ,
return - .
5.5.4. out
, ,
, return - .
5.5.5. params
. .
5.5.6. params
. .
5.5.7. params
. .
this
5.6.1. ,
. .
.
5.6.2. ,
. .
.
5.6.3. ,
. .
371
.
5.6.4. ,
. .
.

, :
5.7.1. [1,100] 20 .
5.7.2. q [1,1000] 50
.
5.7.3. 100 [1,100] ,
.
5.7.4. [1,30]
, R 7-.
5.7.5. 5 ,
-. 20 .
6.
.
6.1.1. ,
2 . 2 :
. 3
: .
6.1.2. ,
3 .
.
.
.
6.1.3. ,
2 . 2 :
, 1 ,
. 2 :
, ,
.
6.1.4. ,
2 . 2 :
, .
2 : 1
,
.
static
6.2.1. Otxkutxedi , : -
, ; ,
; ,
372
.
6.2.2. ChemiKlasi , : ,
; ,
;
, .
6.2.3. ChemiKlasi , : ,
; ,
;
, .

6.3.1. , Min . I
, , Min
. II
, Min .
6.3.2. , , ,
. I 1 (
). II 2
. III 3 .
this
6.4.1. , . I 1
, . II
, I 0- . III ,
, I
. II III
.
6.4.2. , . I
2 , .
II , I 0- . III
, , I
. II III
.
7.
. . protected
7.1.1. , . ,
- .
.
.
7.1.2. , :
. ,
: - ; ,
.
373
7.1.3. , :
; : ,
;
. ,
: - ; ,
.
7.1.4. , : ,
; : ,
;
. ,
: : , , ,
, .

7.2.1. . Perimetri ,
.
. Perimetri ,
.
7.2.2. . Metodi1 ,
. .
Metodi1 ,
.
7.2.3. . Metodi1 ,
. . Metodi1
,
.
7.2.4. . Metodi1 ,
.
. Metodi1 ,
.

7.3.1. , .
, ,
.
: I , II
- .
7.3.2. , .
, ,
.
: I , II
- .
7.3.3. , .
, ,
.
: I
, II -
374
.

7.4.1. ,
Perimetri . .
Perimetri ,
. .
Perimetri ,
.
7.4.2. , Gamotvla
. .
Gamotvla ,
( 1 - ).
. Gamotvla
,
( 1 - ).
7.4.3. , Metodi
. . Metodi
,
( 1 -
).
7.4.4. , Metodi
. . Metodi
, 1
( ).
. base
7.5.1. Figura ,
. Samkutxedi Kvadrati . Samkutxedi

. .
Kvadrati
.
.
7.5.2. - Matarebeli. Matarebeli
- Memkvidre_1,
: 1 -
.
. Matarebeli_1 - Memkvidre_2,

: 1 -
.
.
7.5.3. - Televizori. Televizori
- Memkvidre_1,
: 1 -
.
375
. Memkvidre_1
- Memkvidre_2,
: 1 -
.
.
8. ,
8.1.1. , .
, set get
. .
8.1.2. , .
, set get
. .
8.1.3. , .
, set get
. 5- .
.
8.2.1. , 5 .
.
8.2.2. , 5 .
.
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2.
2. C#

2.1.4.
{
double x, y;
x = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
y = ( 1 + x ) * ( x - Math.Sqrt(x - 1) / 4 ) / ( Math.Exp(x) + 1 / ( Math.Pow(x, 2) + 4 ) );
label1.Text = Math.Round(y, 2).ToString();
}
2.1.10.
{
int a, b, c, Perimetri;
double Partobi;
a = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
b = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
c = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
Perimetri = ( a + b + c ) / 2;
Partobi = Math.Sqrt( Perimetri * ( Perimetri a ) * ( Perimetri - b ) * ( Perimetri c ) );
label1.Text = Math.Round(Partobi, 2).ToString();
}

2.2.3.
{
bool y, x1, x2, x3, x4;
x1 = Convert.ToBoolean(textBox1.Text); // x1 = True
x2 = Convert.ToBoolean(textBox2.Text); // x2 = True
x3 = Convert.ToBoolean(textBox3.Text); // x3 = False
x4 = Convert.ToBoolean(textBox4.Text); // x4 = False
y = !x1 && !x2 && x3 || x4;
// y = False
label1.Text = y.ToString();
}
3.
if
3.1.3.
{
390
int ricxvi;
if ( ricxvi % 5 == 0 ) label1.Text = " 5- ";
else label1.Text = " 5- ";
}
3.1.8.
{
if ( ricxvi1 >= ricxvi2 ) label1.Text = " ";
}
if
3.2.1.
{
if ( ricxvi1 >= ricxvi2 ) if ( ricxvi1 >= ricxvi3 ) label1.Text = " ";
else if ( ricxvi2 >= ricxvi3 ) label1.Text = " ";
}
3.2.8.
{
if (ricxvi1 < 0) label1.Text = " ";
else if (ricxvi2 < 0) label1.Text = " ";
else if (ricxvi3 < 0) label1.Text = " ";
}
.
{
if ( ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) || ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) || ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) )
391
label1.Text = " ";

}
3.2.9.
{
int raodenoba = 0;
if ( ricxvi1 % 2 == 1 ) raodenoba++;
label1.Text = raodenoba.ToString();
}
3.3.2.
{
if ( ( ricxvi >= 10 ) && ( ricxvi < 19 ) )
label1.Text = " ";
}
3.3.3.
{
if ( ( ricxvi < 25 ) || ( ricxvi > 100 ) )
label1.Text = " ";
}
for, while, do-while
3.4.1.
{
double jami = 0;
int mnishvneli, minusi = -1;
for (mnishvneli = 1; mnishvneli <= 5; mnishvneli++)
{
minusi *= -1;
jami += minusi * ( (double) 1 / mnishvneli);
}
label1.Text = Math.Round(jami, 2).ToString();
}
3.4.13.
392
{
double ricxvi, jami = 0;
int mnishvneli;
for ( mnishvneli = 1; mnishvneli <= 7; mnishvneli += 2 )
jami += Math.Pow(ricxvi, mnishvneli) / mnishvneli;
jami *= 2;
label1.Text = Math.Round(jami, 2).ToString();
}
3.4.16.
{
int jami = 0;
if ( ricxvi % 2 == 1 ) jami += ricxvi;
}

{
int jami = 0;
for ( int ricxvi = 11; ricxvi <= 20; ricxvi += 2 )
jami += ricxvi;
}
continue, break
3.5.1.
{
int jami = 0;
for (int ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 20; ricxvi++)
if (jami > 24) break;
else jami += ricxvi;
}
3.5.2.
{
int raodenoba = 0;
{
if ( ricxvi % 4 == 0 ) raodenoba++;
if ( ricxvi > 50 ) break;
}
393
4. ,

4.1.5.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, -5, 20, -2, 4};
int max = masivi[0], maxind = 0;
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++ )
if ( max < masivi[indexi] )
{
max = masivi[indexi];
maxind = indexi;
}
label1.Text = " - " + max.ToString() + '\n' +
" - " + maxind.ToString();
}
4.1.8.
{
int jami = 0;
if ( masivi[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi[indexi];
label1.Text = " - " + jami.ToString();
}
4.1.9.
{
int raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) raodenoba++;
label1.Text = " - " + raodenoba.ToString();
}
4.1.12.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, 5, 20, -2, 4 };
394
int jami = 0;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi += 2 )
if ( masivi[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi[indexi];
label1.Text = " - " + jami.ToString();
}
4.1.15.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1 , 5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi.Length ; indexi++ )
if ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) break;
else continue;
label1.Text = " - " +
masivi[indexi].ToString() + " - " + indexi.ToString();
}
4.1.17.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1 , 5 , -20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , -85 , 9 , -21 };
int indexi, max = masivi[0], maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi[indexi] ) max = masivi[indexi];
max *= -1;
if ( ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) && ( max < masivi[indexi] ) )
{
max = masivi[indexi];
maxind = indexi;
}
label1.Text = " - " +
max.ToString() + "\n - " + maxind.ToString();
}
4.1.22.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, 5, -20, -2, 4, 75, -3, -85, 9, -21 };
int indexi, min, max, raodenoba = 0;
min = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
max = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
if ( ( min <= masivi[indexi] ) && ( max >= masivi[indexi] ) ) raodenoba++;
395
}
4.1.25.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 3, 9, 6, -1, 12, 10, 17, 4, 6, 19 };
int ind, jami = 0;
int min_ind = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int max_ind = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
for (ind = min_ind; ind <= max_ind; ind++)
jami += masivi [ind];
}
4.1.26.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 3, 9, 6, -1, 12, 10, 17, 4, 6, 19 };
int ind, max;
//

int min_ind = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
//

int max_ind = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
max = masivi[min_ind];
for (ind = min_ind; ind <= max_ind; ind++)
if ( max < masivi[ind] ) max = masivi[ind];
}
4.1.28.
{
label1.Text = "";
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 3, 29, 6, -1, 12, 40, 17, 64, 6, 79 };
int[] masivi2 = new int[masivi1.Length];
int ind1, ind2 = 0, ricxvi;
for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < masivi1.Length; ind1++ )
if ( masivi1[ind1] < ricxvi ) masivi2[ind2++] = masivi1[ind1];
for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < ind2; ind1++ )
label1.Text += masivi2[ind1].ToString() + " ";
}
4.1.31.
{
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4, 75, -3, 85, 9, 21 };
int indexi1 , indexi2 = 0;
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < masivi1.Length ; indexi1++ )
if ( masivi1[indexi1] % 5 == 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = masivi1[indexi1];
396

label2.Text += masivi1[indexi1].ToString() + " ";
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < indexi2 ; indexi1++ )
}
4.1.36.
{
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi1 , indexi2 = 0;
if ( masivi1[indexi1] >= 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = indexi1;
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < indexi2 ; indexi1++ )
}
4.1.45.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi, temp;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi.Length / 2 ; indexi++ )
{
temp = masivi[indexi];
masivi[indexi] = masivi[masivi.Length - 1 - indexi];
masivi[masivi.Length - 1 - indexi] = temp;
}
}
4.1.48.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, -5, 0, -2, 0, 0, -3, 0, 9, 0 };
int indexi, temp, Alami;
M1: Alami = 0;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi.Length - 1; indexi++ )
if ( ( masivi[indexi] == 0 ) && ( masivi[indexi + 1] != 0 ) )
{
397
temp = masivi[indexi];
masivi[indexi] = masivi[indexi + 1];
masivi[indexi + 1] = temp;
Alami = 1;
}
if ( Alami == 1 ) goto M1;
}
4.1.49.
{
int indexi, temp, Zvris_Raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= Zvris_Raodenoba ; i++ )
{
temp = masivi[masivi.Length - 1];
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi.Length - 1 ; indexi++ )
masivi[masivi.Length - 1 - indexi] = masivi[masivi.Length - 2 - indexi];
masivi[0] = temp;
}
}
4.1.50.
{
int indexi, temp, Zvris_Raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= Zvris_Raodenoba ; i++ )
{
temp = masivi[0];
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi.Length - 1 ; indexi++ )
masivi[indexi] = masivi[indexi + 1];
masivi[masivi.Length - 1] = temp;
}
}

4.2.2.
{
398
int[,] masivi = new int[3, 3] { { 1, -2, 3 }, { 4, 5, -6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };

int striqoni, sveti, minstriqoni = 0, minsveti = 0, min = masivi[0, 0];
if ( min > masivi[striqoni, sveti] )
{
min = masivi[striqoni, sveti];
minstriqoni = striqoni;
minsveti = sveti;
}
label1.Text = " - " + min.ToString() +
"\n - " + minstriqoni.ToString() +
"\n - " + minsveti.ToString();
for ( striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 3 ; striqoni++ )
{
for ( sveti = 0 ; sveti < 3 ; sveti++ )
label2.Text += masivi[striqoni, sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
4.2.7.
{
if ( masivi[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 1 )
jami += masivi[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.8.
{
int striqoni, sveti, raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 0 )
raodenoba++;
399
{
}
}
4.2.11.
{
jami += masivi[striqoni, striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.12.
int striqoni, sveti, namravli = 1;
namravli *= masivi[striqoni, 2 - striqoni];
{
}
4.2.20.
{
int[,] masivi1 = new int[3, 3] { { 1, -2, 3 }, { 4, 5, -6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };
int indexi2 = 0, striqoni, sveti;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
400

label2.Text += masivi1[striqoni, sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
for ( striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < indexi2 ; striqoni++ )
label3.Text += masivi2[striqoni].ToString() + " ";
}
4.2.22.
{
masivi2[sveti] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.23.
{
int[] masivi2 = new int[3] { 1, 1, 1 };
masivi2[striqoni] *= masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.25.
{
int[] masivi2 = new int[3];
401

if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] %2 == 1 ) masivi2[striqoni] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.26.
{
int striqoni, sveti, max;
{
max = masivi1[0, sveti];
if ( max < masivi1[striqoni, sveti] ) max = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[sveti] = max;
}
{
}
}
4.2.28.
{
int[,] masivi1 = new int[3, 3] { { 11, -2, 3 }, { 4, 15, -6 }, { -7, 8, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, max = masivi1[0,0], maxstriqoni = 0;
if ( max < masivi1[striqoni, striqoni] )
{
max = masivi1[striqoni, striqoni];
maxstriqoni = striqoni;
402
}
masivi2[sveti] = masivi1[maxstriqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.34.
{
int[,] masivi1 = new int[3, 3] { { 10, 21, 3 }, { 4, 51, 6 }, { 7, 3, 9 } };
masivi2[striqoni] = masivi1[striqoni, striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.35.
{
masivi2[striqoni] = masivi1[striqoni, 2 - striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.36.
403
{
double[] masivi2 = new double[3];
int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0;
double sashualo;
for ( sveti = 0; sveti < 3; sveti += 2 )
{
sashualo = 0;
sashualo += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[indexi2++] = sashualo / 3;
}
{
}
}
4.2.37.
{
int[,] masivi1 = new int[4, 4] { { 10, 21, 3, 2 }, { 4, 51, 6, 5 }, { 7, 3, 9, 6 }, { 4, 1, 8, 9 } };
double[] masivi2 = new double[4];
int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0;
double sashualo;
for ( striqoni = 1 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni += 2 )
{
sashualo = 1;
sashualo *= masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[indexi2++] = sashualo / 4;
}
{
}
}
4.2.38.
{
404
int[,] masivi1 = new int[4, 4] { { 10, 21, 3, 2 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 4, 1, 8, 9 } };

int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0, raodenoba = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] == 0 ) raodenoba++;
if ( raodenoba == 4 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = striqoni;
}
{
}
}
4.2.39.
{
int striqoni, sveti, raodenoba = 0, indexi2 = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 1 ) raodenoba++;
if ( raodenoba == 3 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = sveti;
}
{
}
}
4.2.46.
{
int[,] masivi = new int[3, 3] { { 10, 21, 3 }, { 4, 51, 6 }, { 7, 3, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, temp;
405

{
}
sveti = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
{
temp = masivi[striqoni, sveti];
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = masivi[striqoni, 2];
masivi[striqoni, 2] = temp;
}
{
}
}
4.2.47.
{
{
}
striqoni = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
{
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = masivi[0, sveti];
masivi[0, sveti] = temp;
}
{
}
}
4.2.65.
{
406
int[,] masivi1 = new int[3, 3] { { 11, -2, 3 }, { 4, -15, -6 }, { -7, 8, 9 } };

int striqoni, sveti, min, minind, raodenoba = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] >= 0) raodenoba++;
masivi2[sveti] = raodenoba;
}
min = masivi2[0];
minind = 0;
if ( min > masivi2[striqoni] )
{
min = masivi2[striqoni];
minind = striqoni;
}
{
}
label1.Text = minind.ToString();
}
4.2.73.
{
int striqoni, sveti, max, maxind;
masivi2[striqoni] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
max = masivi2[0];
maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi2[striqoni] )
{
max = masivi2[striqoni];
maxind = striqoni;
}
label3.Text = maxind.ToString();
{
407

}
}
4.2.74.
{
int striqoni, sveti, max, maxind;
masivi2[sveti] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
max = masivi2[0];
maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi2[striqoni] )
{
max = masivi2[striqoni];
maxind = striqoni;
}
label3.Text = maxind.ToString();
{
}
}
4.2.78.
{
striqoni = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
sveti = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
for ( int striqoni1 = 0; striqoni1 < 3; striqoni1++ )
masivi[striqoni1, sveti] = 0;
for ( int sveti1 = 0 ; sveti1 < 3 ; sveti1++ )
masivi[striqoni, sveti1] = 0;
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = temp;
{
408
}
}
5. , ,
.
5.1.1.
class Tvitmfrinavi
{
private int banis_tevadoba;
private int manzili;
public int mgzavrebis_raodenoba;
public int gayiduli_bilitebi;
}
{
Tvitmfrinavi obieqti_1 = new Tvitmfrinavi();
obieqti_1.mgzavrebis_raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
obieqti_1.gayiduli_bilitebi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = obieqti_1.mgzavrebis_raodenoba.ToString();
label2.Text = obieqti_1.gayiduli_bilitebi.ToString();
}
5.1.2.
class Studenti
{
private string gvari;
private string saxeli;
private int asaki;
public string universitetis_dasaxeleba;
public int kursi;
}
{
Studenti obieqti_1 = new Studenti();
obieqti_1.universitetis_dasaxeleba = textBox1.Text;
obieqti_1.kursi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = obieqti_1.universitetis_dasaxeleba;
label2.Text = obieqti_1.kursi.ToString();
}
5.2.1.
class Studenti_1
{
public double Sashualo_qula(int[] masivi1)
{
409
int jami = 0;
for (int ind = 0; ind < masivi1.Length; ind++)
jami += masivi1[ind];
return jami / masivi1.Length;
}
}
{
int [] masivi = new int[] { 60, 87, 71, 90, 94, 58, 83, 57, 70, 65 };
double shedegi;
Studenti_1 obieqti_1 = new Studenti_1();
shedegi = obieqti_1.Sashualo_qula(masivi);
}
5.2.2.
class Studenti_2
{
string gvari;
string saxeli;
int asaki;
void minicheba(string par1, string par2, int par3)
{
gvari = par1;
saxeli = par2;
asaki = par3;
}
public void gadacema(string par1, string par2, int par3)
{
minicheba(par1, par2, par3);
}
public void gamotana(Label lab)
{
lab.Text = " : " + gvari + "\n : " + saxeli +
"\n : " + asaki.ToString();
}
}
{
Studenti_2 obieqti_1 = new Studenti_2();
string gvari = textBox1.Text;
string saxeli = textBox2.Text;
int asaki = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
obieqti_1.gadacema(gvari, saxeli, asaki);
obieqti_1.gamotana(label1);
}
5.2.3.
class Matarebeli
410
{
int vagonebis_raodenoba;
int mgzavrebis_raodenoba;
public double biletis_fasi;
public int gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba;
public void minicheba(double par1, int par2, int par3, int par4)
{
biletis_fasi = par1;
gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba = par2;
vagonebis_raodenoba = par3;
mgzavrebis_raodenoba = par4;
}
public void gamotana()
{
MessageBox.Show(" - " + biletis_fasi.ToString() +
"\n - " + gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba.ToString() +
"\n - " + vagonebis_raodenoba.ToString() +
"\n - " + mgzavrebis_raodenoba.ToString());
}
public double mogeba()
{
return biletis_fasi * gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba;
}
}
{
int vagonebis_raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
int mgzavrebis_raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox4.Text);
double shedegi;
Matarebeli obieqti_1 = new Matarebeli();
obieqti_1.biletis_fasi = Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);
obieqti_1.gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
obieqti_1.minicheba(obieqti_1.biletis_fasi, obieqti_1.gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba,
vagonebis_raodenoba, mgzavrebis_raodenoba);
obieqti_1.gamotana();
shedegi = obieqti_1.mogeba();
label1.Text = " " + shedegi.ToString();
}
5.3.1.
class Tvitmfrinavi
{
private int bakis_tevadoba;
private int manzili_1_litri;
public Tvitmfrinavi(int par1, int par2)
{
411
bakis_tevadoba = par1;
manzili_1_litri = par2;
}
public void Gamotana(Label lab)
{
lab.Text = " = " + bakis_tevadoba.ToString() +
"\n1 = " + manzili_1_litri.ToString();
}
public int Gamotvla()
{
return bakis_tevadoba * manzili_1_litri;
}
}
{
int bakis_tevadoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int manzili_1_litri = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Tvitmfrinavi obieqti_1 = new Tvitmfrinavi(bakis_tevadoba, manzili_1_litri);
obieqti_1.Gamotana(label1);
int shedegi = obieqti_1.Gamotvla();
label2.Text = " = " + shedegi.ToString();
}
5.3.3.
class Martkutxedi
{
public int gverdi_1;
public int gverdi_2;
private int perimetri;
private int fartobi;
public Martkutxedi(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi_1 = par1;
gverdi_2 = par2;
perimetri = ( gverdi_1 + gverdi_2 ) * 2;
fartobi = gverdi_1 * gverdi_2;
}
public void Gamotana(Label lab1)
{
lab1.Text = " = " + perimetri.ToString() + " = " + fartobi.ToString();
}
}
{
int gverdi_1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Martkutxedi obieqti_1 = new Martkutxedi(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
obieqti_1.Gamotana(label1);
412
}
.
5.4.1.
class Samkutxedi
{
int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3;
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
public double Gamotvla(Samkutxedi Sam1)
{
return ( Sam1.gverdi1 * Sam1.gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
}
{
int arg1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Samkutxedi obieqti1 = new Samkutxedi(arg1, arg2, arg3);
Samkutxedi obieqti2 = new Samkutxedi(arg1 + 10, arg2 + 20, arg3 + 30);
double shedegi1 = obieqti1.Gamotvla(obieqti1);
double shedegi2 = obieqti1.Gamotvla(obieqti2);
}
5.4.4.
class ChemiKlasi_1
{
public int max, min;
public ChemiKlasi_1(int par1, int par2)
{
min = par1;
max = par2;
}
}
class ChemiKlasi_2
{
public ChemiKlasi_1 MaxMin(int[] masivi2)
{
int min = masivi2[0];
413
int max = masivi2[0];

{
if ( max < masivi2[ind] ) max = masivi2[ind];
if ( min > masivi2[ind] ) min = masivi2[ind];
}
return new ChemiKlasi_1(min, max);
}
}
{
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 3, 6, 2, 9, 6, 8 };
ChemiKlasi_2 obieqti1 = new ChemiKlasi_2();
ChemiKlasi_1 obieqti2;
obieqti2 = obieqti1.MaxMin(masivi1);
label1.Text = " = " + obieqti2.min.ToString() +
"\n = " + obieqti2.max.ToString();
}
. ref, out params
5.5.1.
class Kvadrati
{
//

public void Miniweba(ref int par1, ref int par2)
{
par2 = par1 * par1;
}
}
{
Kvadrati obieqti = new Kvadrati();
//

obieqti.Miniweba(ref ricxvi1, ref ricxvi2);
//

}
5.5.4.
class Uaryofiti_Dadebiti
{
414
public int Raod_Jami(int[] masivi2, out int raod_dadebiti, out int raod_uaryofiti, out int luwi_jami)
{
int kenti_jami = 0;
luwi_jami = raod_dadebiti = raod_uaryofiti = 0;
{
if ( masivi2[ind] < 0 ) raod_uaryofiti++;
if ( masivi2[ind] > 0 ) raod_dadebiti++;
if ( masivi2[ind] % 2 == 0 ) luwi_jami += masivi2[ind];
if ( masivi2[ind] % 2 == 1 ) kenti_jami += masivi2[ind];
}
return kenti_jami;
}
}
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 5, -3, 2, 9, -4, -8 };
Uaryofiti_Dadebiti obieqti = new Uaryofiti_Dadebiti();
int raod_uaryofiti, raod_dadebiti;
int luwi_jami, kenti_jami;
kenti_jami = obieqti.Raod_Jami(masivi, out raod_uaryofiti, out raod_dadebiti, out luwi_jami);
label1.Text = " = " + raod_uaryofiti.ToString() +
"\n = " + raod_dadebiti.ToString() +
"\n = " + kenti_jami.ToString() +
"\n = " + luwi_jami.ToString();
}
5.5.5.
class Chemi_Klasi
{
public int Dadebitebis_Raodenoba(params int[] masivi)
{
int raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi.Length == 0 )
{
// ,
return 0;
}
if ( masivi[indexi] >= 0 ) raodenoba++;
return raodenoba;
}
}
{
Chemi_Klasi obieqti = new Chemi_Klasi();
int i1 = 15, i2 = -25;
415
int i3 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int[] masivi = new int[] { 11, 22, -33, -44, 5 };
int raodenoba;
//

raodenoba = obieqti.Dadebitebis_Raodenoba(i1, i2);
//

raodenoba = obieqti.Dadebitebis_Raodenoba(i1, i2, -30, i3);
//

raodenoba = obieqti.Dadebitebis_Raodenoba(masivi);
}
this
5.6.1.
class Chemi_Klasi
{
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3;
public int Gamotvla(int ricxvi1, int ricxvi2, int ricxvi3)
{
this.ricxvi1 = ricxvi1;
return this.ricxvi1 + this.ricxvi2 + this.ricxvi3;
}
}
{
Chemi_Klasi obieqti_1 = new Chemi_Klasi();
int cvladi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int shedegi = obieqti_1.Gamotvla(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
}
5.6.3.
class Chemi_Klasi1
{
int[] masivi2;
public int Gamotvla(int[] masivi2)
{
int ind;
this.masivi2 = masivi2;
for (ind = 0 ; ind < masivi2.Length ; ind++)
416
if (masivi2[ind] < 0) break;

return this.masivi2[ind];
}
}
{
Chemi_Klasi1 obieqti_1 = new Chemi_Klasi1();
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 5, 2, -3, 6, -1, 9, -8 };
int shedegi = obieqti_1.Gamotvla(masivi1);
}

5.7.4.
{
int min_rixcvi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text),
//
1
max_ricxvi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text),
//
30
ramdenjer = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text),
//
7
mocemuli_ricxvi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox4.Text),
//
10
raodenoba = 0, ricxvi,
ricxvebis_raodenoba = 0;
//

for ( ; ; )
{
ricxvi = obieqti.Next(min_rixcvi, max_ricxvi);
ricxvebis_raodenoba++;
if ( ricxvi == mocemuli_ricxvi ) raodenoba++;
if (raodenoba == ramdenjer) break;
}
label1.Text = ricxvebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
5.7.5.
{
label1.Text = "";
int shemtxveviti_ricxvi, asantebis_raodenoba = 0;
for ( ; ; )
{
shemtxveviti_ricxvi = obieqti.Next(5);
masivi[shemtxveviti_ricxvi]--;
asantebis_raodenoba++;
if (masivi[shemtxveviti_ricxvi] == 0) break;
}
417
label1.Text = " " + asantebis_raodenoba.ToString() +

" , \n - ";
}
6.
.
6.1.2.
class Figura
{
public int Perimetri(int par1)
{
return 4 * par1;
}
public int Perimetri(int par1, int par2)
{
return 2 * (par1 + par2);
}
public int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
return par1 + par2 + par3;
}
}
{
Figura obieqti_1 = new Figura();
int kvadratis_perimetri = obieqti_1.Perimetri(gverdi_1);
int otxkutxedis_perimetri = obieqti_1.Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
int samkutxedis_perimetri = obieqti_1.Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2, gverdi_3);
label1.Text = " = " + kvadratis_perimetri.ToString();
label1.Text += "\n = " + otxkutxedis_perimetri.ToString();
label1.Text += "\n = " + samkutxedis_perimetri.ToString();
}
6.1.3.
class Avtomobili
{
public int Metodi_1(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 * par2;
}
public double Metodi_1(double par1, double par2)
418
{
return par1 * par2;
}
}
{
Avtomobili obieqti_1 = new Avtomobili();
int bakis_tevadoba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int manzili_1_litri = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
double maqsimaluri_sichqare = Convert.ToDouble(textBox3.Text);
double dro = Convert.ToDouble(textBox4.Text);
int manzili_savse_baki = obieqti_1.Metodi_1(bakis_tevadoba, manzili_1_litri);
double manZili_dro = obieqti_1.Metodi_1(dro, maqsimaluri_sichqare);
label1.Text = " = " + manzili_savse_baki.ToString();
label2.Text = " = " +
manZili_dro.ToString();
}
static
6.2.1.
class ChemiKlasi
{
int ricxvi1;
//

static int ricxvi2;
//

int perimetri;
{
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
//

int ChveulebriviMetodi()
{
perimetri = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
return perimetri;
}
//

public static int StatikuriMetodi(ChemiKlasi obieqti)
{
int shedegi = obieqti.ChveulebriviMetodi();
return shedegi;
}
}
{
419

ChemiKlasi obj = new ChemiKlasi(gverdi1, gverdi2);
int shedegi = ChemiKlasi.StatikuriMetodi(obj);
}
6.2.2.
class ChemiKlasi_2
{
public static int[] masivi_1;
public ChemiKlasi_2(int[] masivi_2)
{
masivi_1 = masivi_2;
}
int Kenti_Jami()
{
int jami = 0;
for ( int ind = 0 ; ind < masivi_1.Length ; ind++ )
if ( masivi_1[ind] % 2 == 1 ) jami += masivi_1[ind];
return jami;
}
public static int StatikuriMetodi(ChemiKlasi_2 obieqti)
{
return obieqti.Kenti_Jami();
}
}
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 };
ChemiKlasi_2 obj1 = new ChemiKlasi_2(masivi);
int shedegi = ChemiKlasi_2.StatikuriMetodi(obj1);
}

6.3.1.
class ChemiKlasi
{
int Min;
public ChemiKlasi(int[] masivi1)
{
Min = masivi1[0];
if ( masivi1[ind] < Min ) Min = masivi1[ind];
}
public ChemiKlasi(ChemiKlasi obj)
420
{
Min = obj.Min;
}
public void Naxva(Label lab)
{
lab.Text = Min.ToString();
}
}
{
int[] masivi2 = new int[] { 6, 2, 9, 4, -7, 1 };
ChemiKlasi obieqti1 = new ChemiKlasi(masivi2);
ChemiKlasi obieqti2 = new ChemiKlasi(obieqti1);
obieqti2.Naxva(label1);
}
6.3.2.
class Chemi_Klasi
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public Chemi_Klasi(int par1)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
perimetri = 4 * par1;
fartobi = Math.Pow(gverdi1, 2);
}
public Chemi_Klasi(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
perimetri = 2 * ( par1 + par2 );
fartobi = par1 * par2;
}
public Chemi_Klasi(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
perimetri = par1 + par2 + par3;
fartobi = ( par1 * par2 ) / 2;
}
{
lab.Text = " = " + perimetri.ToString() +
421
"\n = " + fartobi.ToString();

}
}
{
Chemi_Klasi obieqti1 = new Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1);
Chemi_Klasi obieqti2 = new Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1, gverdi2);
Chemi_Klasi obieqti3 = new Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
}
this
6.4.2.
class Otxkutxedi
{
public int gverdi1, gverdi2;
int fartobi;
public Otxkutxedi(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
}
public Otxkutxedi() : this (20, 50)
{
fartobi = gverdi1 * gverdi2;
}
public Otxkutxedi(Otxkutxedi obj) : this (obj.gverdi1, obj.gverdi2)
{
fartobi = gverdi1 * gverdi2;
}
{
lab.Text = " = " + gverdi1.ToString() +
"\n = " + gverdi2.ToString() +
"\n = " + fartobi.ToString();
}
}
{
Otxkutxedi obieqti2 = new Otxkutxedi();
obieqti2.gverdi1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
422
obieqti2.gverdi2 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Otxkutxedi obieqti3 = new Otxkutxedi(obieqti2);
}
7.
. . protected
7.1.2.
class Martkutxedi
{
protected int fudze;
}
class Memkvidre : Martkutxedi
{
int simagle;
public Memkvidre()
{
simagle = 0;
}
public Memkvidre(int par1, int par2)
{
simagle = par2;
fudze = par1;
}
public int Fartobi()
{
return fudze * simagle;
}
}
{
Memkvidre obj2 = new Memkvidre(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
int shedegi = obj2.Fartobi();
}
7.1.3.
class Martkutxedi_1
{
protected int fudze;
public Martkutxedi_1()
{
fudze = 0;
}
423
public Martkutxedi_1(int par1)

{
fudze = par1;
}
{
lab1.Text = fudze.ToString();
}
}
class Memkvidre_1 : Martkutxedi_1
{
int simagle;
public Memkvidre_1()
{
simagle = 0;
}
public Memkvidre_1(int par1, int par2)
{
simagle = par2;
fudze = par1;
}
public int Fartobi()
{
return fudze * simagle;
}
}
{
Martkutxedi_1 obj1 = new Martkutxedi_1(ricxvi1);
obj1.Naxva(label2);
Memkvidre_1 obj2 = new Memkvidre_1(obj1.fudze, ricxvi2);
int shedegi = obj2.Fartobi();
}

7.2.1.
class Figura
{
public int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3, gverdi4;
public Figura()
{}
public Figura(int par1, int par2, int par3, int par4)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
424
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
gverdi4 = par4;
}
public virtual int Perimetri()
{
return gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3 + gverdi4;
}
}
class Otxkutxedi : Figura
{
public override int Perimetri()
{
}
}
{
Otxkutxedi obj_memkvidre = new Otxkutxedi();
obj_memkvidre.gverdi1 = gverdi1;
obj_memkvidre.gverdi2 = gverdi2;
int shedegi = obj_memkvidre.Perimetri();
Figura obj_WInapari = new Figura(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3, gverdi4);
int shedegi1 = obj_WInapari.Perimetri();
}
7.2.4.
class Sabazo_Klasi
{
public virtual int Metodi1(int[,] masivi1)
{
int min = 0;
for ( int striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0 ; sveti < 4 ; sveti++ )
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 )
{
min = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
goto M1;
}
M1:
for ( int striqoni = 0; striqoni < 4; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < 4; sveti++ )
425
if ( ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < min ) && ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 ) )

return min;
}
}
class Memkvidre_Klasi : Sabazo_Klasi
{
public override int Metodi1(int[,] masivi1)
{
int max = 0;
for ( int striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0 ; sveti < 4 ; sveti++ )
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 )
{
max = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
goto M1;
}
M1:
if ( ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > max ) && ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 ) )
return max;
}
}
{
int[,] masivi = new int[4, 4] { { 1, -2, -3, 4 }, { -5, 6, 7, -8 }, { 9, 10, -11, -12 }, { -13, -14, 15, 16 } };
Sabazo_Klasi obj_Sabazo = new Sabazo_Klasi();
Memkvidre_Klasi obj_Memkvidre = new Memkvidre_Klasi();
int min = obj_Sabazo.Metodi1(masivi);
int max = obj_Memkvidre.Metodi1(masivi);
label1.Text = min.ToString();
}

7.3.1.
class Samkutxedi_Sabazo
{
public int gverdi1;
public int gverdi2;
public int gverdi3;
}
class Samkutxedi_Memkvidre : Samkutxedi_Sabazo
{
new public int gverdi1;
426

public int Perimetri_Sabazo(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
base.gverdi1 = par1 + 10;
return base.gverdi1 + base.gverdi2 + base.gverdi3;
}
public int Perimetri_Memkvidre(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
}
{
Samkutxedi_Memkvidre obj_Memkvidre = new Samkutxedi_Memkvidre();
int perimetri_sabazo = obj_Memkvidre.Perimetri_Memkvidre(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
int perimetri_memkvidre = obj_Memkvidre.Perimetri_Sabazo(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
label1.Text = perimetri_sabazo.ToString();
label2.Text = perimetri_memkvidre.ToString();
}
7.3.3.
class SabazoKlasi
{
public int[,] masivi1 = new int[4, 4]
{ { -10, -20, 30, 40 }, { 50, 60, -70, -80 }, { -90, 100, -110, 120 }, { 130, -140, 150, -160 } };
}
class Memkvidre : SabazoKlasi
{
new public int[,] masivi1 = new int[4, 4]
{ { -1, -2, 3, 4 }, { 5, 6, -7, -8 }, { -9, 10, -11, 12 }, { 13, -14, 15, -16 } };
public int Min_Metodi()
{
int min = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > 0 )
{
goto M1;
427
}
M1:
if ( ( min > masivi1[striqoni, sveti] ) && ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > 0 ) )
return min;
}
public int Max_Metodi()
{
int max = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > 0 )
{
goto M1;
}
M1:
if ( ( max < base.masivi1[striqoni, sveti] ) && ( base.masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > 0 ) )
max = base.masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
return max;
}
}
{
Memkvidre obj_Memkvidre = new Memkvidre();
int shedegi_max = obj_Memkvidre.Max_Metodi();
int shedegi_min = obj_Memkvidre.Min_Metodi();
label1.Text = shedegi_max.ToString();
label2.Text = shedegi_min.ToString();
}

7.4.3.
abstract class Televizori
{
public abstract int Metodi();
}
class Memkvidre_1 : Televizori
{
int Wati_Erti_Saati;
int Namushevari_Saatebi;
public Memkvidre_1(int par1, int par2)
{
428
Wati_Erti_Saati = par1;
Namushevari_Saatebi = par2;
}
public override int Metodi()
{
return Wati_Erti_Saati * Namushevari_Saatebi;
}
}
{
int wati = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int saati = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Memkvidre_1 obj_Memkvidre = new Memkvidre_1(wati, saati);
int shedegi = obj_Memkvidre.Metodi();
}
7.4.4.
abstract class Tanamshromeli
{
public abstract int Metodi();
}
class Memkvidre_2 : Tanamshromeli
{
int xelfasi_erti_tvis;
public Memkvidre_2(int par1)
{
xelfasi_erti_tvis = par1;
}
public override int Metodi()
{
return xelfasi_erti_tvis * 12;
}
}
{
int erti_tvis_xelfasi = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
Memkvidre_2 obj_memkvidre = new Memkvidre_2(erti_tvis_xelfasi);
int shedegi = obj_memkvidre.Metodi();
}
. base
7.5.3.
class Televizori
{
public int namushevari_saatebis_raodenoba;
public int wati_erti_saati;
429
public Televizori(int par1)

{
namushevari_saatebis_raodenoba = par1;
}
public Televizori(int par1, int par2)
{
wati_erti_saati = par1;
namushevari_saatebis_raodenoba = par2;
}
}
{
public int saatebis_raodenoba;
public Memkvidre_3(int par5) : base(par5)
{
saatebis_raodenoba = namushevari_saatebis_raodenoba;
}
public void Naxva_3(Label lab3)
{
lab3.Text = saatebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
}
{
public int watebis_raodenoba;
public Memkvidre_4(int par3, int par4) : base(par3, par4)
{
watebis_raodenoba = wati_erti_saati * namushevari_saatebis_raodenoba;
}
public void Naxva_4(Label lab4)
{
lab4.Text = watebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
}
{
int saati = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
int wati = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
Memkvidre_3 obj_3 = new Memkvidre_3(saati);
Memkvidre_4 obj_4 = new Memkvidre_4(saati, wati);
obj_3.Naxva_3(label1);
obj_4.Naxva_4(label2);
}
430
8. ,
8.1.3.
class ChemiKlasi
{
private int cvladi;
//

public int ChemiTviseba
{
get
{
return cvladi;
}
set
{
// cvladi value 5-
if (value % 5 == 0) cvladi = value;
}
}
}
{
obieqti.ChemiTviseba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
}
.
8.2.1.
class Chemi_Klasi
{
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
int ricxvi3;
int ricxvi4;
int ricxvi5;
{
get
{
switch (index)
{
case 0: return ricxvi1;
431

default: return 0;
}
}
set
{
switch (index)
{
case 0: this.ricxvi1 = value; break;
}
}
}
}
{
label1.Text = "";
Chemi_Klasi obieqti = new Chemi_Klasi();
for ( int ind = 0; ind <= 4; ind++ )
obieqti[ind] = ind * 2 + 10;
for (int ind = 0 ; ind <= 4 ; ind++)
label1.Text += obieqti[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
8.2.7.
class ChemiKlasi
{
int ricxvi1 = -1;
int ricxvi2 = -1;
int ricxvi3 = -1;
int ricxvi4 = -1;
int ricxvi5 = -1;
{
get
{
switch ( index )
{
default: return 0;
}
432
}
set
{
switch ( index )
{
case 0: if (value % 2 == 0) { this.ricxvi1 = value; break; } else break;
}
}
}
}
{
label2.Text = "";
for (int ind = 0 ; ind <= 4 ; ind++)
{
obieqti[ind] = ind;
label2.Text += obieqti[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
9.
, ,
.
9.1.1.
delegate void ChemiDelegati(ref int ricxvi);
class ChemiKlasi
{
public void Metodi1(ref int par)
{
par = par + 10;
}
{
par = par + 20;
}
{
par = par + par;
}
}
433
{
ChemiDelegati delegati_obieqti;
ChemiDelegati Metodi1_Mimartva = new ChemiDelegati(obieqti.Metodi1);
//
delegati_obieqti = Metodi1_Mimartva;
delegati_obieqti += Metodi2_Mimartva;
//
delegati_obieqti(ref ricxvi1);
//
delegati_obieqti -= Metodi1_Mimartva;
//
delegati_obieqti(ref ricxvi1);
}
9.1.2.
delegate void ChemiDelegati2(ref int ricxvi1, ref int ricxvi2);
class ChemiKlasi2
{
public void Metodi1(ref int par1, ref int par2)
{
par1 = par2 + 10;
}
{
par1 = par2 + 20;
}
{
par1 = par2 + par2;
}
}
{
ChemiDelegati2 delegati_obieqti;
ChemiKlasi2 obieqti = new ChemiKlasi2();
ChemiDelegati2 Metodi1_Mimartva = new ChemiDelegati2(obieqti.Metodi1);
//
434
delegati_obieqti = Metodi1_Mimartva;
//
delegati_obieqti(ref ricxvi1, ref ricxvi2);
//
delegati_obieqti -= Metodi2_Mimartva;
//
delegati_obieqti(ref ricxvi1, ref ricxvi2);
}
. using .
9.2.1.
namespace Sivrce_1
{
public class Samkutxedi
{
public double Fartobi(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 * par2 / 2;
}
}
}
namespace Sivrce_2
{
public class Samkutxedi
{
public int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
return par1 + par2 + par3;
}
}
}
{
Sivrce_1.Samkutxedi samkutxedi_1 = new _11._2.Sivrce_1.Samkutxedi();
Sivrce_2.Samkutxedi samkutxedi_2 = new _11._2.Sivrce_2.Samkutxedi();
double fartobi = samkutxedi_1.Fartobi(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
int perimetri = samkutxedi_2.Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2, gverdi_3);
label1.Text = fartobi.ToString();
label2.Text = perimetri.ToString();
}
435
9.2.2.
namespace Sivrce
{
namespace Sivrce_1
{
public class Masivi
{
public int Metodi1(int[] masivi1)
{
int jami = 0;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi1.Length; indexi++ )
if ( masivi1[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi1[indexi];
return jami;
}
}
}
namespace Sivrce_2
{
public class Masivi
{
public int Metodi2(int[] masivi1)
{
int namravli = 1;
if ( masivi1[indexi] < 0 ) namravli *= masivi1[indexi];
return namravli;
}
}
}
}
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, -2, 3, -4, 5, -6 };
Sivrce.Sivrce_1.Masivi obieqti_1 = new Sivrce.Sivrce_1.Masivi();
Sivrce.Sivrce_2.Masivi obieqti_2 = new Sivrce.Sivrce_2.Masivi();
int jami = obieqti_1.Metodi1(masivi);
int namravli = obieqti_2.Metodi2(masivi);
}
9.3.1.
class Klasi1
{
436

{
if ( par1 > par2 ) ChemiMovlena();
}
{
}
}
{
//
ChemiDelegati(obieqti_movlena.MovlenisDamamushavebeli);
//
obieqti_movlena.metodi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
}
9.3.2.
delegate void ChemiDelegati2();
class Klasi2
{
public event ChemiDelegati2 ChemiMovlena;
{
if ( ( par1 % 2 == 0 ) && ( par2 % 2 == 0 ) ) ChemiMovlena();
}
{
}
}
{
//
ChemiDelegati2(obieqti_movlena.MovlenisDamamushavebeli);
//
obieqti_movlena.metodi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
}
9.3.3.
437
class Klasi3
{
public void metodi(string par1, string par2)
{
for ( int index = 0; index < par1.Length; index++ )
if ( par1[index] != par2[index] )
{
ChemiMovlena();
return;
}
}
{
}
}
{
//
string striqoni1 = textBox1.Text;
string striqoni2 = textBox2.Text;
//
obieqti_movlena.metodi(striqoni1, striqoni2);
}
9.3.4.
class Klasi4
{
public void metodi(int[] masivi1)
{
int alami = 0;
for ( int index = 0; index < masivi1.Length; index++ )
if ( masivi1[index] >= 50 ) alami = 1;
if ( alami == 0 ) ChemiMovlena();
}
{
MessageBox.Show(" 50- ");
}
}
{
438

//
//
obieqti_movlena.metodi(masivi);
}
9.3.5.
class Klasi5
{
public void metodi(int[] masivi1, int[] masivi2, int[] masivi3)
{
if ( masivi2[index] == 0 ) ChemiMovlena();
else masivi3[index] = masivi1[index] / masivi2[index];
}
{
}
}
{
//
int[] masivi1 = new int[] { 92, 20, 37, 44, 69 };
//
obieqti_movlena.metodi(masivi1, masivi2, masivi3);
label1.Text += masivi3[index].ToString() + " ";
}
.
9.4.1.
{
double Kvadrati(int x);
double Kubi(int x);
}
439
{
public double Kvadrati(int x)
{
return Math.Pow(x,2);
}
public double Kubi(int x)
{
return Math.Pow(x, 3);
}
}
{
ChemiKlasi Obieqti = new ChemiKlasi();
double kvadrati = Obieqti.Kvadrati(ricxvi);
double kubi = Obieqti.Kubi(ricxvi);
label1.Text = kvadrati.ToString() + " " + kubi.ToString();
}
9.4.2.
public interface ChemiInterpeisi2
{
int tviseba
{
get;
set;
}
}
class ChemiKlasi2 : ChemiInterpeisi2
{
int cvladi;
public int tviseba
{
get
{
return cvladi;
}
set
{
if ( value % 2 == 0 ) cvladi = value;
}
}
}
{
//

440
obieqti.tviseba = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
label1.Text += obieqti.tviseba.ToString();
}
9.4.3.
class Klasi3
{
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
int ricxvi3;
//

{
get
{
switch ( index )
{
case 0 : return this.ricxvi1;
default : return 0;
}
}
set
{
if ( value % 2 == 0 ) goto M1;
switch ( index )
{
case 0 : this.ricxvi1 = value; break;
}
M1: ;
}
}
}
{
label1.Text = obieqti[0].ToString();
obieqti[0] = ricxvi1;
441
}
9.4.4.
class Klasi1
{
public void metodi()
{
}
{
MessageBox.Show(" 25- ");
}
}
{
//
ChemiDelegati(obieqti_movlena.MovlenisDamamushavebeli);
//
if ( max < masivi1[indexi] ) max = masivi1[indexi];
if ( max > 25 ) obieqti_movlena.metodi();
}
.
9.5.1.
// Interpeisi_A
public interface Interpeisi_A
{
//

int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3);
}
public class SabazoKlasi
{
double fartobi;
public double Fartobi(int gverdi1, int gverdi2)
{
fartobi = gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
return fartobi;
442
}
}
public class MemkvidreKlasi : SabazoKlasi, Interpeisi_A
{
int perimetri;
//
Interpeisi_A Perimetri()
public int Perimetri(int gverdi1, int gverdi2, int gverdi3)
{
return perimetri;
}
}
{
MemkvidreKlasi obieqti = new MemkvidreKlasi();
int perimetri = obieqti.Perimetri(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
double fartobi = obieqti.Fartobi(gverdi1, gverdi2);
label1.Text = perimetri.ToString() + " " + fartobi.ToString();
}
9.5.2.
//
Interpeisi_B
public interface Interpeisi_B
{
//
int Minimaluri(int[] masivi1);
}
public class SabazoKlasi2
{
public int Maqsimaluri(int[] masivi2)
{
for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < masivi2.Length; indeqsi++ )
if ( max < masivi2[indeqsi] ) max = masivi2[indeqsi];
return max;
}
}
public class MemkvidreKlasi2 : SabazoKlasi2, Interpeisi_B
{
public int Minimaluri(int[] masivi3)
{
int min = masivi3[0];
for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < masivi3.Length; indeqsi++ )
if ( min > masivi3[indeqsi] ) min = masivi3[indeqsi];
443
return min;
}
}
{
MemkvidreKlasi2 obieqti = new MemkvidreKlasi2();
int max = obieqti.Maqsimaluri(masivi);
int min = obieqti.Minimaluri(masivi);
label1.Text = min.ToString() + " " + max.ToString();
}
.
9.6.1.
interface Interpeisi_1
{
int metodi(int gverdi1, int gverdi2, int gverdi3);
}
interface Interpeisi_2
{
int metodi(int gverdi1, int gverdi2);
}
//
ChemiKlasi3
class ChemiKlasi3 : Interpeisi_1, Interpeisi_2
{
Interpeisi_1 obieqti_1;
Interpeisi_2 obieqti_2;
// metodi()
int Interpeisi_1.metodi(int gverdi1, int gverdi2, int gverdi3)
{
}
int Interpeisi_2.metodi(int gverdi1, int gverdi2)
{
return gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
}
// metodi()
public int metodi_1(int gverdi1, int gverdi2, int gverdi3)
{
obieqti_1 = this;
//a_obieqti
return obieqti_1.metodi(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
//Interpeisi_A
}
public int metodi_2(int gverdi1, int gverdi2)
{
obieqti_2 = this; //
b_obieqti
return obieqti_2.metodi(gverdi1, gverdi2);
//Interpeisi_B
444
}
}
{
//
// Interpeisi_A.metodi()
label1.Text = obieqti.metodi_1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3).ToString();
// Interpeisi_B.metodi()
label2.Text = obieqti.metodi_2(ricxvi1, ricxvi2).ToString();
}
9.6.2.
{ int tviseba { get; set; } }
{ int tviseba { get; set; } }
class ChemiKlasi22 : Interpeisi11, Interpeisi12
{
int cvladi1, cvladi2;
Interpeisi11 obieqti_1;
Interpeisi12 obieqti_2;
int Interpeisi11.tviseba
{
get { return cvladi1; }
set { if ( value >= 0 ) cvladi1 = value; }
}
int Interpeisi12.tviseba
{
get { return cvladi2; }
set { if ( value < 0 ) cvladi2 = value; }
}
public int tviseba1
{
get { obieqti_1 = this;
return obieqti_1.tviseba; }
set { obieqti_1 = this;
if ( value >= 0 ) obieqti_1.tviseba = value; }
}
public int tviseba2
{
get { obieqti_2 = this;
return obieqti_2.tviseba; }
set { obieqti_2 = this;
445
if ( value < 0 ) obieqti_2.tviseba = value; }

}
}
{
obieqti.tviseba1 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox1.Text);
obieqti.tviseba2 = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = obieqti.tviseba1.ToString();
label2.Text = obieqti.tviseba2.ToString();
}
10. -
-. FileStream
10.1.1.
{
label1.Text = "";
byte jami = 0;
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1.Read(masivi, 0, 5);
jami += masivi[indexi];
file1.WriteByte(jami);
file1.Close();
label1.Text += jami.ToString();
}
10.1.2.
{
label1.Text = "";
FileStream file1 = new FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode.Open);
FileStream file2 = new FileStream("file2.txt", FileMode.Create);
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1.Read(masivi, 0, 5);
file2.Write(masivi, 0, 5);
file1.Close();
file2.Close();
446

}
10.1.3.
{
int ricxvi;
FileStream file_in;
//

file_in = new FileStream("s_file.txt", FileMode.Open);
//

label1.Text = "";
//
file_in file_out
for ( int i = 1; i <= 10; i++ )
{
//
file_in
ricxvi = file_in.ReadByte();
//
file_out
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) file_out.WriteByte( ( byte ) ricxvi );
label1.Text += ricxvi + " ";
}
//

file_in.Close();
file_out.Close();
}
-. StreamReader StreamWriter
10.2.1.
{
label1.Text = "";
FileStream file_in;
char[] simboloebis_masivi = new char[14];
file_in = new FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode.Open);
int wakitxuli_simboloebis_raodenoba = file_stream_in.Read(simboloebis_masivi, 0, 14);
for ( int i = 0; i < simboloebis_masivi.Length; i++ )
label1.Text += simboloebis_masivi[i].ToString();
//
file_out = new FileStream("file2.txt", FileMode.Create);
//
file2.txt simboloebis_masivi
file_stream_out.Write(simboloebis_masivi);
447
}
10.2.2.
{
label1.Text = "";
FileStream file_in;
char[] simboloebis_masivi = new char[14];
int wakitxuli_simboloebis_raodenoba = file_stream_in.Read(simboloebis_masivi, 0, 14);
for ( int i = 0; i < simboloebis_masivi.Length; i++ )
label1.Text += simboloebis_masivi[i].ToString();
file_out = new FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode.Append);
//
file2.txt simboloebis_masivi
file_stream_out.Write(simboloebis_masivi);
}
10.2.3.
{
char simbolo;
FileStream file_in;
for ( int i = 0; i < file_in.Length; i++ )
{
simbolo = ( char ) file_stream_in.Read();
file_stream_out.Write(simbolo);
label2.Text += ( char ) simbolo;
}
}
. Seek
10.4.2.
{
int seek = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = "";
448
byte[] masivi1 = new byte[10] { 255, 100, 200, 1, 50, 130, 250, 20, 90, 190 };
byte[] masivi2 = new byte[masivi1.Length];
//
//StreamWriter file_stream_out = new StreamWriter(file_out);
file_out.Seek(seek, SeekOrigin.Begin);
file_out.Write(masivi1, 0, 9);
file_out.Close();
FileStream file_in;
file_in.Read(masivi2, 0, 9);
label1.Text += masivi2[index].ToString() + " ";
file_in.Close();
}
10.4.4.
{
int seek = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
label1.Text = "";
FileStream file_in;
char[] masivi = new char[14];
file_in.Seek(seek, SeekOrigin.Begin);
file_stream_in.Read(masivi, 0, 9);
for ( int index = 0; index < masivi.Length; index++ )
label1.Text += masivi[index].ToString();
}
. FileInfo
10.5.1.
{
FileInfo obieqti = new FileInfo("file1.txt");
label1.Text += obieqti.Attributes.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.5.2.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.CreationTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.5.3.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.Directory.ToString() + '\n';
label1.Text += obieqti.DirectoryName + '\n';
}
449
10.5.4.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.Exists.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.5.5.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.Extension + '\n';
}
10.5.6.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.FullName + '\n';
}
10.5.7.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.LastAccessTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.5.8.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.LastWriteTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.5.9.
{
label1.Text += obieqti.Length.ToString() + '\n';
}
. DirectoryInfo
10.6.1.
{
DirectoryInfo obj1 = new DirectoryInfo("C:\\Install");
label1.Text += obj1.Attributes.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.2.
{
label1.Text += obj1.CreationTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.3.
{
label1.Text += obj1.FullName.ToString() + '\n';
}
450
10.6.4.
{
label1.Text += obj1.LastAccessTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.5.
{
label1.Text += obj1.LastWriteTime.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.6.
{
label1.Text += obj1.Exists.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.7.
{
label1.Text += obj1.Parent.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.8.
{
label1.Text += obj1.Root.ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.9.
{
DirectoryInfo[] dir = obj1.GetDirectories();
for ( int ind = 0; ind < dir.Length; ind++ )
label1.Text += dir[ind].ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.10.
{
FileInfo[] dir = obj1.GetFiles();
for ( int ind = 0; ind < dir.Length; ind++ )
label1.Text += dir[ind].ToString() + '\n';
}
10.6.11.
{
DirectoryInfo obj1 = new DirectoryInfo("C:\\Katalogi_1");
// Katalogi_2
obj1.MoveTo("C:\\Katalogi_2");
}
10.6.12.
{
451
DirectoryInfo obj1 = new DirectoryInfo("C:\\Install_1");

// C: Install1
obj1.Create();
}
10.6.13.
{
// Install1 Install2
obj1.CreateSubdirectory("Install_2");
}
10.6.14.
{
//
obj1.Delete();
}
11.
. try, catch, throw finally
11.1.1.
{
int index, jami = 0;
try
{
for ( index = 0; index <= masivi.Length; index++ )
jami += masivi[index];
}
{
jami = 0;
label2.Text = " ";
}
}
11.1.2.
{
int[,] masivi = new int[3,3] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };
try
{
jami += masivi[striqoni,sveti];
}
452
{
jami = 0;
label2.Text = " ";
}
}
11.1.3.
{
int[] shedegi = new int[masivi1.Length];
try
{
shedegi[index] = masivi1[index] / masivi2[index];
}
{
label2.Text = " 0- ";
}
label1.Text += shedegi[index].ToString() + " ";
}
11.1.4.
{
int[] masivi = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int indexi;
BinaryWriter file_out = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode.Create));
try
{
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++ )
file_out.Write(masivi[indexi]);
}
catch ( IOException arg1 )
{
}
finally
{
file_out.Close();
}
}
11.1.5.
{
int[,] masivi = new int[3,3];
453
BinaryReader file_in = new BinaryReader(new FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode.Open));

try
{
{
{
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = file_in.ReadInt32();
}
}
}
catch ( IOException arg1 )
{
}
finally
{
file_in.Close();
}
}
454

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4.
5.
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15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
. . SQL . . 2008. - 374 .

. . C# .
., . Visual C#.NET .
. C# .
Davis. H. Visual C#.NET Programming.
Butow E., Ryan T. C# .
Hejlsberg A., Wiltamuth S. C# Language Reference.
O'Reilly. Programming C# .
. . . 2- . . . - .: , 1987.
. . . - .: , 2002. - 1040 .: .
Saurabh Nandu. C#.NET. Web Developer's Guide.
O'Reilly. Programming C#.
Windows- Microsoft Visual Basic .NET Microsoft Visual C# -NET.
MCAD/MCSD/. . - .: - "
", 2003. - 512 .: .
E.Butow, T. Ryan. Your visual blueprint for building .NET applications.
Harold Davis. Visual C# .NET Programming.
A. Hejlsberg, S.Wiltamuth. C# Language Reference.
. . #.
C# Frequently Asked Questions <http://blogs.msdn.com/csharpfaq/default.aspx>.
O'REILLY. C# 3.0 Cookbook. 2007.
455
01.04.2007. 20.03.2007. .
28,37. 20 . #
" ", , 77
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V i s u a l C#.

Microsoft Visual Studio .NET .

" ", 2009

=, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=

uint , sbyte, short int,

int shedegi, ricxvi1, ricxvi2;

label1.Text += indexi.ToString() + '\n';

for ( int indexi = -3; indexi < 5; indexi++ )

. , A = 1001 0011, ~A 0110

ricxvi = ricxvi << 1;

public int gverdi2;

else label2.Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + "- ";

public double shedegi;

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

public int SamkutxediInfo(out bool TolGverda)

public int Metodi(int par1, out int par2)

public int factor(int ricxvi)

public string Naxva()

SabazoKlasi, MemkvidreKlasi1 MemkvidreKlasi2 , ,

lab1.Text = "SabazoKlasi Naxva() ";

public double sigane;

public Samkutxedi(double x) : base(x, " ")

public Otxkutxedi(double x) : base(x, "") { }

public override double Partobi()

public ChemiKlasi(int zoma)

public bool Shemowmeba(int index)

Sivrce obieqti = new Sivrce(3, 4, 5);

delegati_obieqti = new Delegati(obieqti.washla);

string temp = "";

public event ChemiDelegati ChemiMovlena;

Manqana ChemiManqana = new Manqana(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);

public interface Interfeisi_A

public double Fartobi()

for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )

int Read(byte[ ] , int ,

label1.Text += " " + simbolo + '\n';

( 10.14), DirectoryInfo - ( 10.15).

public class Gansakutrebuli_Situacia : ApplicationException

string Insert(int , string )

string PadLeft(int , char )

string PadRight(int , char )

string Remove(int , int )

if ( shedegi == 0 ) label1.Text = " ";

double wiladi_d = 1234.56789;

string striqoni1, striqoni2;

char[] simboloebis_masivi = { '', '' };

int indexi1 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi);

int indexi3 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5);

int indexi5 = striqoni1.IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5, 6);

str3 = str1.Substring(2, 3);

TotalDays, TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds TotalMilliseconds

" " + index1.ToString();

public class Manqana : IComparable

if (obj1Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli < obj2Manqana.GamoshvebisWeli)

string Regioni = (string)HeshCxrili[""];

string regioni1 = ( string ) DaxarisxebuliSia.GetByIndex(2);

label1.Text += Gasagebi.ToString() + '\n';

, " " (FIFO - First In, First Out). Queue .

, " " (LIFO - Last In, First Out). Stack .

Push(), Pop() Peek()

for (int index1 = 1; index1 <= 50; index1 += 2)

for (int indexi = 2; indexi <= 10; indexi += 2)

Datvla() Decrement() Increment() ,

public void Datvla()