Basic Electronics

Fundamentals of Electricity -Resistors
Chapter 3
Release 1-sep-2010
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Chapter Objectives
Explain the concepts of active and passive

components Identify the types of devices Define resistor Explain the types of resistors Understand the ratings of a resistor Explain the use of resistor in a computer
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Recall
The movement of electric charges in an electric
circuit is known as electric current. The potential difference in an electric circuit is called as Voltage and flow of electric charge is called as current. Bohr's model describes an atom as a positively charged nucleus around which electrons revolve in circular orbits. The device used for measuring voltage is voltmeter and for current is ammeter.
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Active and Passive Components

Components are the basic part of electronic
equipments. These components are mainly classified into two category namely active and passive components. Active components Active components needs energy or power to work and produce power or energy from their work. Example: Transistors, Integrated Chips, etc. Passive Components - A passive component does not require power or energy to work. Example: Resistors, Capacitors, etc.
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Types of Devices
There are several devices which uses
resistance. Surface Mount Devices uses resistors. Surface Mount technique is used to place the various active, passive and electromechanical components directly on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The components made by using SMD method are small in size.
Types of Devices
Advantage of using SMD:
Provides Lower inductance and resistance.

Components can be assembled in a faster
rate.
Disadvantage of using SMD: Manufacturing process is more complicated.
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Resistors
Resistor is an electronic component that
resists the current by producing voltage between its two-terminals. The unit for resistance is Ohms. It is also denoted by Greek letter () Omega. The resistor can be represented by the symbol shown below:
Types of resistors
There are various types of resistors available which can be divided into two basic types:
Fixed Resistors - These types of resistors
come with two wires and follow Ohm's law. They do not allow change in resistance.
Variable Resistors - These types of resistors
allow you to change the resistance using the knob.

Question for GD
Time Limits 2mins
What are active and passive components?
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Types of Resistors - II
The following are the other types of resistors which are widely used: Carbon Film Resistor:- In this resistor, a spiral groove cut carbon film is integrated into a small ceramic cylinder
Carbon Composition Resistor:- it is
made up of a solid cylindrical resistive element with embedded wire leadouts or metal end caps
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Group Activity
Time limit-2mins
Show the sample components of carbon film
resistor and carbon composition.
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Types of Resistors - III

Metal Oxide Film Resistor:- A
ceramic core is coated with a metal oxide film. They are mechanically and electrically stable. Precision Metal Film Resistor:- In these resistors, a ceramic substrate is coated with a metal film that is encapsulated in a shell. Wirewound Resistors:- It is made by Winding a metal wire around a ceramic, plastic or fiberglass core.
Group Activity
Time Limit-2mins
Show the sample of metal oxide, precision
and wire wound resistors
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Types of Resistors - IV
Thick and Thin Film Resistors:- In thick film
resistors, the film is applied using the screenprinting technology. Thin film resistor are made by sputtering the resistive material onto the surface of the resistor. Foil Resistors:- It is created by rolling wire materials to make thin strips of foil. Filament Resistors:- it is not bound in a ceramic shell. It have bad tolerance.
Group Activity
Time Limit-2mins
Show the sample of Thick and thin film
resistor, foil resistor and filament resistors
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Power Film Resistor:- They are rated as power
resistor that provide power rating characteristic. They have a very good frequency response.
Precision wire wound resistor:- The Precision wire
wound resistor is highly accurate resistor. These resistors have low TCR and resistance value
High Power Wire Wound Resistor:- The resistive
elements used in these resistor are made up of a resistive wire. The resistive wire is then coiled around a ceramic cylinder.
Group Activity
Time Limit-2mins
Show the sample of power film, precision wire
wound and high power wire wound resistor.
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Types of Resistors - V
Thermistor:- It is a heat sensitive resistor Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) Thermistors
Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) Thermistors
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Types of Resistors - VI
Photocell:- Its resistance depends on
the amount of light striking its surface
Potentiometers :- It is manually
adjustable. It used to limit the amount of current flow through a circuit by controlling the resistance.
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Group Activity
Time Limit-2mins
Show the sample of NTC thermistor, PTC
thermistor, Photocell and potentiometers
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Types of Resistors - VII

Rheostats :- It is made from
resistance wire, which is wound on a heat resisting cylinder Trimmers :- A trimmer potentiometer or thin pot is a miniature adjustable electrical resistor
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Types of Resistors - VIII

Light Dependant Resistors (LDR) :-
These resistors are made from semiconductors such as cadmium sulphide

Voltage Dependant Resistors (VDR):-
These resistors are made from a composite of a semiconductor ceramic layer containing zinic oxide and a metal oxide layer
Types of Resistors - IX
Surface Mount Resistors (SMD):- In
these resistors, components are directly mounted on the surface of the printed circuit boards (PCBs).
Release 1-sep-2010
Group Activity
Time Limit-2mins
Show the sample of rheostat, trimmer, LDR,
VDR and SMD
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Ratings of Resistance
The following are the three ratings for resistance:
Resistance: Resistance can be determined by the length, the cross-sectional area and the resistivity of a material.
Tolerance: Tolerance indicates the maximum and minimum values a resistor have.
Impedance: Impedance measures the flow of current when voltage is applied to the circuit.
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Question for GD
What is tolerance?
Time Limit-2mins
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Use of resistors
Resistors in circuits are mainly used in
current limiting, voltage division. Resistors are used to decrease the speed of fan, motherboard and switch mode power supply (SMPS). Potentiometer is generally three terminal resistors which are used to control volume in audio devices and when volume varies its tone is affected.
Hands on
Calculate the resistor value using the color
band technique.
Identify and measure the resistor values on a
motherboard / logic card.

Check whether resistor is faulty.
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Summary I
Active components always produce power or
energy from their work. A passive component never requires power or energy to work. Surface Mount technique is used to place the various active, passive and electromechanical components directly on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB).The equipment made by this method is known as surface mount device.
Summary - II
The resistor that come with two wires are fixed
resistor.
Resistors are of different types such as Carbon Film
resistor, Carbon Composition resistor, Metal Oxide Film resistor, Precision Metal Film resistor and Foil resistors. Resistance, Tolerance, and Impedance are the different ratings for resistors.
The unit for resistance is Ohms. It is also denoted by
Greek letter () Omega.
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Mind Map
Draw a mind map to summarize this chapter
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Fundamentals of Electricity -Resistors

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Active and Passive Components

Provides Lower inductance and resistance.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Release 1-sep-2010 Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Fixed Resistors - These types of resistors

allow you to change the resistance using the knob.

Time Limits 2mins

What are active and passive components?

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Show the sample components of carbon film

resistor and carbon composition.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Types of Resistors - III

Show the sample of metal oxide, precision

and wire wound resistors

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Show the sample of Thick and thin film

resistor, foil resistor and filament resistors

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Power Film Resistor:- They are rated as power

Show the sample of power film, precision wire

wound and high power wire wound resistor.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) Thermistors

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the amount of light striking its surface

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Show the sample of NTC thermistor, PTC

thermistor, Photocell and potentiometers

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Types of Resistors - VII

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Types of Resistors - VIII

These resistors are made from semiconductors such as cadmium sulphide

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Show the sample of rheostat, trimmer, LDR,

VDR and SMD

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

motherboard / logic card.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Greek letter () Omega.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

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