BI LUYN TP S 1/2001 Cu 1: a/ Hay m t cu trc hnh hc ca N(CH3)3 v N(SiH3)3.Qua hy so snh 2 hp cht (CH3)3NBF3 v (SiH3)3NBF3 v bn v tnh baz. Gii thch.

h. b/ ng (Cu) kt tinh c dng tinh th lp phng tm din. Tnh cnh lp phng a() ca mng tinh th v khong cch ngn nht gia hai tm ca ca hai nguyn t ng trong mng, bit rng nguyn t ng c bn knh bng 1,28 . Tnh khi lng ring d ca Cu theo g/cm3. (Cho Cu= 64). 1 Cu 2: C G0 = -34,82 KJ ` 250 C, phn ng NO + O2 NO2 2 v H0 = - 56,43 KJ a/ Hy xc nh hng s cn bng ca phn ng 298K v 598K. b/ Kt qu tm thy c ph hp vi nguyn l chuyn dch cn bng Le charterlier khng? Cu 3: a/ Trn 1,1.10-2 mol HCl vi1.10-3 mol NH3 v 1.10-2 mol CH3NH2 ri pha long thnh 1 lt dung dch. Hi dung dch thu c c c phn ng vi axt hay baz? Cho pKb ca NH3 = 4,76 v pKb ca CH3NH2= 3,40 b/ Kh nng kh ca Fe2+ trong H2O hay trong dung dch kim mnh hn? v sao? Cho th in cc chun E0 Fe2+/Fe = -0,44 V ; E0 Fe2+/Fe = -0,04 V Tnh s tan Ks ca Fe(OH)2 = 1,65.10-15v ca Fe(OH)3= 3,8.10-38 Cu 4: Cho t t kh CO qua ng cha 6,400gam CuO un nng. Kh ra khi ng c hp th hon ton bng 150ml dung dch nc vi trong nng 0,100M thy tch ra 1,000gam kt ta trng, un si phn nc lc li thy c vn c. Cht rn cn li trong ng c cho vo 500,000ml dung dch HNO3 0,320M thot ra V1 lt kh NO2 nu thm 760,000ml dung dch HCl 1,333M vo dung dch sau phn ng th li thot ra thm V2 lt kh NO na. Nu tip tc thm 24 gam Mg th thy thot ra V3 lt kh hn hp kh N2 v H2, lc dung dch cui cng thu c cht rn X. a/ Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh V1,V2,V3(ktc). b/ Tnh thnh phn X( gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton).

BI LUYN TP S 2/2001
Cu 1: a/ Cho bit sn phm ca phn ng sau y v gii thch H3C CH3 Br CH3ONa/C2H5OH

CH3 b/Vit cu to cc ng phn ca DiClo Butan. trong s trn nhng cht no c tnh quang hot, gi tn theo R,S cc cht ? c/ Metyl ete ca p-Cresol ( p-CH3-O- C6H4-CH3) b ln vi tp cht l Iod benzen. Hy nu phng php thun tin nht loi b tp cht trn. Bit t0 ca 2 cht gn bng nhau. Cu 2: a/ Cho 2 cht: NC CH2-NH2 v CH2- CH2-NH2

Hy so snh tnh baz ca cc nguyn t Nit trong phn t gia 2 hp cht trn v gii thch.
OCOCH3 COOCOO OH b/ Cho 4 cht: axt Benzoic ; axt Salixylic H; axit Hv Phenol.

NH

vi cc tr s pKa l 10; 3,0; 4,2; 3,5 Hy xp cc cht trn theo th t gim dnv pKa v gii thch. Cu 3: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch: a/ T Capron t Benzen v cht c c. b/ 1 Brom-4Iod-Benzen t benzen v cht v c. c/ axitMetylMalonic CH3-CH(COOH)2 t metan v Cht v c. Cu 4: T mt loi tinh du tch c cht A cha 76,92% lng Ccbon; 12,82% lng Hidro v cn oxy. A cn iu ch bng cch Hir ho c xc tc cht 2-IsoPropyl-5-MetylPhenol(B). a/ Vit cu to A v ng phn hnh hcca A. b/ un nng A vi H2SO4 c ta thu c 2 cht D,E loi hidrocacbon. Vit cu to D,E v c ch phn ng to D,E . c/ So snh tnh axit ca A,B v gii thch. Cu 5: Hp cht hu c X c Mx < 170. t hon ton 243 mg X nhn c 202,6ml CO2 (ktc) v 135mg nc. X tc dng vi NaHCO3 v Na u to ra s mol kh bng s mol X phn ng. a) Cng thc phn t X l g? Nhng nhm chc no ca X d cc phn ng trn? S lng mi nhm chc bng bao nhiu? b) Tm cu to X v 2 cht Y, Z t s sau: X + H2O Y X + 2 NaOH + H2O 2Z Y + 2 NaOH 2Z

Bit phn t Z c cha mt nhm metyl.

BI LUYN TP S 3/2001
Cu 1: Cho phn ng bc mt: C2H6 2H4 + H2 C 4270C nng C2H6 gim i mt na sau 500s, 4770C nng C2H6 gim i 2 ln sau 1000s. Hy tnh: a/ Hng s tc ca phn ng 4270C. b/ Thi gian cn nng C2H6 gim xung cn 1/4 4270C. c/ Nng lng hot ng ho ca phn ng. Cu 2: PCl5 b phn hu theo phn ng PCl5(k) PCl3(k) + Cl2(k) a/ Tnh Kp ca phn ng nu bit phn ly = 0,485 2000C v p sut tng cng cn bng ho hc = 1atm. b/ Tnh p sut ca h cn bng ho hc nu cho 2,085gam PCl5vo bnh chn khng dung tch 200ml 2000C. Cu 3: a/ Xc nh ng E0 v Hng s cn bng ca phn ng: Hg22+ Hg + Hg2+ Cho E0 Hg / Hg = + 0,92Vv E0 Hg / Hg = + 0,85V b/ Ion Ce4+ d b kh thnh ion Ce2+ nh tc dng ca AsO33-. Cho As2O3 tc dng vi NaOH ri axit ho th c asenit (AsO33-), ion ny b Ce4+ oxy ho thnh asenat (AsO43-), xc tc l mt lng nh OsO4 . Vit phng trnh ion ca cc phn ng xy ra v tnh th ca phn ng chun asenit bng Ce4+ im tng ng khi pH=1. Cho E0 (AsO / AsO ) = 0,56V v E0(Ce /Ce ) = 1,70V Cu 4: a/Axit photphorit l axit ba chc, chun mt dung dch H3PO4 0,1000M vi NaOH 0,1000M . Hy c lng pH cc im sau: - Gia cc imn bt u v cc im tng ng th nht? - Ti im tng ng th hai? - V sao rt kh xc nh ng cong chun sau im tng ng th hai? Cho Ka1 =1,7.10-3Ka2 =6,2.10-8 Ka3 =4,4.10-13 b/Canxi Hydroxit l mt baz t tan. Trong dung dch nc tn ti cn bng Ca(OH)2 (r) Ca2+(t) + 2OH (t). Bit nng lng t do sinh chun ca Ca2+ , OH-, Ca(OH)2 ln lt bng -132,18; -37,59; -214,3 (KCal/mol). Hy:- Tnh tch s tan caCa(OH)2 250C. - Nng ion Ca2+; OH- trong dung dch nc 250C? Cu 5: Tng hp mt cht ca Crom. s phn tch cho thy thnh phn c 27,1% Crom; 25,2% Cacbon; 4,255 Hydro v khi lng v cn oxy. a/ Tm cng thc thc nghim ca hp cht. Nu cng thc thc nghim gm mt phn t nc th dng phc ca hp cht c phi t l g? b/ Kho st t tnh cho thy hp cht ny l nghch t . gii thch v ngh cu to ph hp ca hp cht. Cu 6: Hn hp A gm Mg v Fe c t l khi lng 5/3. hn hp B gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 trong s mol FeO bng Fe2O3. Ho tan B bng dung dch HCl d, sau thm tip Av ch cho phn ng xong ta thu c dung dch C khng mu v V lt H2 (ktc). Cho dung dch C tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d ri lc ly kt ta nung trong khng
2+ 2+ 2 2+ 34 33 4+ 3+

kh n lng khng i thu c cht rn D. Bit rng V lt H2 ni trn phn ng v i D nung nng. a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b/ Trn A vi B thu c hn hp X. Tnh % lng Mg, % lng Fe trong X.

BI LUYN TP S 4/ 2001

Cu 1: a/ C cc hp cht sau:C2H5OH, n- C10H21OH, C6H5OH,C6H5CH2OH, C6H5NH2,HO-CH2CHOH, CH3COOH, n-C6H14, C5H6 v C6H12O6 (glucoz). hy ch ra nhng cht tan tt, tan km v gii thch. b/ T mt loi thc vt tch c cht(A) C10H12O2. Bin i A theo s sau: +ddNaOH+CH3I+H2(Ni,t0) (A)C10H11O2Na(B)C10H11O(OCH3) (D)C10H13O(OCH3) (E) Khi y ho (E) bng KMnO4trong H2SO4 thu c axit 3,4-di O-metyl-BenzenCacboxylic v axiy fomic. vit cng thc cu to ca (A),(B),(D),(E). Cu 2: a/ Vit cu to thu gn ca 1- Clobutan(A) v2- Clobutan(B). So snh nhit si gia hai cht ny v gii thch. b/ Cho hai cht A,B trn tc dng vi Clo (chiu sng) theo t l mol 1:1. Trnh by c ch phn ng v cho bit sn phm no chim t l cao nht? Gii thch. c/ Vit cu trc ng phn ca:C3H5Cl v ClCH=(C=)nCHC vi n=1, n=2. Cu 3: a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng to sn phm chnh khi. 1 mol A tc dng vi 1mol HNO3 (H2SO4 c). 1 mol A tc dng vi 1mol Br2 (chiu sng). 1 mol A tc dng vi KMnO4 c, d, un nng. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch : Axit -vinylacrylic t CH4 v cc cht v c cn thit. 1,3,5 tri-Amino-benzen t Toluen v cc cht v c cn thit. Cu 4: C phng trnh phn ng sau

OH

H2SO4 85% 10oC

+ H2O

a/ Vit c ch phn ng. b/ Thay A bng C6H5-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A1), hoc bng. C6H5- CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A2) v tin hnh phn ng trong iu kin tng t nh trn thu c sn phm hu c tng ng (B1) v (B2) vi hiu xut to B1 bng 68%, to B2 bng 65%. Vit cng thc cu to ca B1,B2 v gii thch ti sao hiu sut to B1,B2 cao hn so vi B. Cu 5:Hai cht hu c X,Y c cng cng thc phn t v u cha 3 nguyn t C,H,Br. Khi un nng vi dung dch NaOh long, X to ra cht Z c cha mt nhm chc cn cht Ykhng tc dng vi NaOH nh iu kin trn. 5,4gam cht Z phn ng hon ton vi Na cho 0,616 lt H2( 23,70C v mt atm). t chy hon ton 1,35 gam cht Z thu c 3,85 gam CO2. Khi cho X hoc Y phn ng vi Br2 (c bt st) u thy kh HBr thot ra; sn phm phn ng ca X l 3 cht D,E,F cn sn phm phn ng ca Y l 2 cht G,H. a/ Vit cu to c th ca X,Y,Z,D,E,G,H, bit rng D,E,F,G,H u cha 64%Br. b/ Cho hn hp gm 171 gam cht X v 78gam Benzen phn ng vi Br2 (c mt bt Fe ). Sau phn ng thu c 125,6gam Brombenzen ; 90 gam cht D; 40 gam cht E;

v 30 gam cht F. Hy cho bit cht X phn ng vi Br2 kh (hoc d0 hn Benzen bao nhiu ln?

BI LUYN TP S 5/ 2001
Cu 1: a/ Cho E Fe /Fe = -0,440 V v E0 Ag+/Ag = 0,8,, V ( 25OC). Hy dng thm in cc Hidro tiu chun, vit s ca pin c dng xc nh cc th in cc cho. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi pin hot ng. b/ Hy xp cc nguyn t Na - K - Li theo th t gim tr s nng lng ion ho th nht (I1). Gii thch bng cu to nguyn t. Nng lng ion ho th nht (I1) ca Mg = 7,644 eV; ca Al = 5,984 eV. Da vo cu hnh electron, hy thch s ln hn ca I1 ca Mg so vi Al. 2.a/ Uran trong thin nhin cha 99,28% 238U ( c thi gian bn hu l 4,5.109 nm) v 0,72% 235U (c thi gian bn hu l 7,1. 108 nm). Hy tnh tc phn r mi ng v trn trong 10 gam U3O8 mi iu ch. b/ Mary v PieCurie iu ch 226Ra t qung Uran trong thin nhin .226Ra c to ra t ng v no trong hai ng v trn ? Cu 2: 1. Khi SO2 vo H2O, trong dung dch to ra c cc cn bng ho hc no ? nng ca SO2 cn bng thay i ra sao ( c gii thch) mi trng hp sau: a/ un nng dung dch.b/ Thm HCl. c/ Thm NaOH.d/ Thm KMnO4 2. C cc ion sau: Ba2+ ; Ag+ ; H+ (H3O+); Cl ; NO3 ; SO42-. a/ Hy cho bit cng thc cht tan hoc t tan to thnh t cc ion . b/ Trong 5 dung dch, mi dung dch ch cha mt trong cc cht phn (a). Nu khng dng thm cht khc, bng cc no c th nhn ra cht trong mi dung dch (C gii thch). Cu 3: 1. T thc nghim 1 ngi ta xc c : khi phn ng sau y t ti cn bng. NH4HS ( rn) 3 (kh) + H2S (kh)(1) NH th tch s PNH .PH S = 0,109 (tr s ny l hng s nhit 25oC). a/ Hy xc nh p sut chung ca kh kh tc dng ln h (1) nu ban u bnh chn khng v ch a vo NH4HS (rn) . b/ Nu ban u a vo bnh (chn khng) mt lng NH4HS rn v kh NH3, khi t ti cn bng ho hc th c PNH3 = 0,549 atm. Hy tnh p sut kh NH3 trong bnh trc khi phn ng (1) xy ra ti 25oC. 2. Mt trong nhng phng php iu ch Al2O3 trong cng nghip tri qua mt s giai on chnh sau y: - Nung Nefelin ( NaKAl2Si2O3) vi CaCO3 trong l 1200oC . - Ngm nc sn phm to thnh c dung dch mui Aluminat Na[Al(OH)4(H2O)2] ; K[Al(OH)4(H2O)2] v bn qung CaSiO3 - Chit ly dung dch, sc CO2 d qua dung dch . - Kt ta Al(OH)3 c Al2O3. - Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng sy ra. Cu4: xc nh hm lng oxi tan trong nc ngi ta ly 100,00 ml nc ri cho ngay MnSO4 (d) v NaOH vo nc. Sau khi lc k (khng cho tip xc vi khng kh ) Mn(OH)2 b oxi ho thnh MnO(OH)2. Thm axit (d), khi y MnO(OH)2 b Mn2+ kh
o 2+
3 2