Visuddhimagga 4

0do'r*f-jrefrmjyef pwkwwJG k d rmwdum
17-ynmblrdea'o y#dporkyg'fudk jyqdkjcif; y#dporkyg'f rl&if;ygVdESifh jrefrmjyef taMumif;w&m;wdkYudk y#dporkyg'f[k ac:aMumif; tusKd;w&m;wkdYudk y#dporkyg'f[k ac:aMumif; aupd0g' ,if;aupd0g'onf ya'o0d[m&okwfESifh qefYusifaMumif; xdkYtwl upmeokwfESifhvnf; qefYusifaMumif; eufeJjcif;ESifh enf;av;yg; rjzpfoifhaMumif; o'genf; ysufjcif; o'genf;rysuf oifh&mygonf[k acsyzG,fSdaMumif; (rSwfcsuf2) y#dporkyg'f\ 0pewrsm; y#dporkyg'fteuftzGifh cJ,Of;yHk y#dnmESifh Oa,smZOf a'oemtjym; t0dZmudk tpxm; a[mjcif;taMumif; t0dZmESifhwPSmonf 0uxm\ OD;acgif;jzpfaMumif; t0dZmponfwdkY\teuf t0dZmyk'f\teuf ocFg&myk'f\teuf 0dnmPponfwkdY\teuf t0dZmponfwkdY\ vuPm &oponf {u0d"paomtjym; t*FgwkdYudk ydkif;jcm;jcif; t0dZmyp,m ocFg&myk'f jyqdkcsuf ,mxm0o&ovuPH - yk'ftzGifh #Dum (rSwfcsuf) yknmbdocFg& ponfudk zGifhjcif; um,ocFg& ponfonf yknmbdocFg& ponf 0ifaMumif; t0dZmaMumifh ocFg&wkdYjzpfykHudk zGifhjyjcif; ydk;zvHtaMumif; (rSwfcsuf1) y|mef;ypnf;udk jyqdkcsuf (1) a[wkypnf; Esm,usrf;vm a[wk - [dwftaMumif; (rSwfcsuf3) y#dnmpaom 0pem0,0rsm;udk yHkpHkxkwfjyjcif; (rSwfcsuf) a[wkypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf3) (2) tm&rPypnf; tm&rypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1)
(3)t"dywdypnf; t"dywdypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf2) (4-5) teE& - oreE&ypnf; teE&ypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf) (6) o[Zmwypnf; o[Zmypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf2) (7) tnrnypnf; tnrnypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (8) ed,ypnf; ed,ypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf2) (9) Oyed,ypnf; tm&rPlyed,ypnf; teElyed,ypnf; yuwlyed,ypnf; (10) yka&Zmwypnf; yka&Zmwypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (11) ypmZmwypnf; ypmZmwypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (12) tmao0eypnf; tmao0eypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (13) urypnf; urypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (14) 0dyguypnf; 0dyguypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (15) tm[m&ypnf; tm[m&ypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (16) Èd,ypnf; Èd,ypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf2) (17) psmeypnf; psmeypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf4) (18) r*ypnf; r*ypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1)
(19)or,kwypnf; or,kwypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf3) (20) 0dy,kwypnf; 0dy,kwypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf1) (21) twdypnf; twdypnf; tusOf;rSwfzG,f (rSwfcsuf2) (22) ewdypnf; (23) 0d*wypnf; (24) t0d*wypnf; t0dZmyp,m ocFg&myk'f tus,fqdkjycsuf taMumif;wckwnf;aMumifh jzpfEdkifoavm t0dZmu ukodkvf\taMumif;jzpfEdkifykH pkwdy#doaE awGa0 ocFg&oHk;yg;udkjyKaMumif; cEmudk,ftopfjzpfay:vmonf[k rSm;,Gif;pGm ,lqyHkudk b*0g*Dwd ponf qdkaom *gxmjzifh azmfjyjcif; (#DumrSwfcsuf) obm0vuPm (rSwfcsuf2) omrnvuPm (rSwfcsuf3) ocFg&yp,m 0dnmPHyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf y#doaEpdwf jzpfay:yHkudk jyqdkcsuf tukodkvfESifh uredrdwfxifyHk 'k*wdedrdwfxifyHk a[wkrE0daooe (rSwfcsuf2) kyf\ oufwrf; pdwuP 17-csufyif jzpfaMumif; (rSwfcsuf2) |mkHyifjzpfaomfvnf; r&PmoEtukodkvfaZm\ tmkHjzpfvQif ted|mkHrnfaMumif; (rSwfcsuf3) ukodkvfuHESifh uredrdwfxifyHk ok*wdedrdwfxifyHk *Aao,su y#doaE 'ouuvmyf 2-ck 3-ck jzpfaMumif; uvva&MunftaMumif;pmudk,fESifh (rSwfcsuf3) twdwfb0rS ajymif;aTYrvmaMumif; aocgeD; xifaomuH uredrdwf *wdedrdwfwdkYwGif wyg;yg;udk tmkHjyKvsuf r&PoaEaZm0dnmPfjzpfaMumif;? xdk 0dnmPfudk wPSmuTwfap ocFg&wkdYu ypfcsaMumif;ponf yJhwifoHponf Oyrm ta&;ygaomapm'emESifh ajzSif;csuf rmwkvk*Fo'gonf #Dumtvdktm;jzifh aSmufyef;jzpfoifhaMumif; (rSwfcsuf2) 0dnmPf 32-yg;vHk;jzpfyHkudk aygif; jyqdkjcif; 0dnmPyp,memrlyH-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf
oEwdoDo ur0dnmPfypnf; (rSwfcsuf3) kyfwkdYtm; aus;Zl;jyKaom Oyed,udk y|mef; ra[m? okwefenf; y&d,m,frQ jzpfaMumif; (rSwfcsuf) emrlyyp,m oVm,weH-yk'f tus,fjyqkdcsuf oVm,weypm zam-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf wm'd*kPf (rSwfcsuf) zyp,m a0'em-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf a0'emyp,m wPSm-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf tukov0dyguf Oayumudk 'ku? ukov0dygufOayumudk okc oGif;,loifhaMumif; (rSwfcsuf) wPSmyp,m Oyg'geH-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf umrkyg'gef 'd|Kyg'gef oDvAwkyg'gef tw0g'kyg'gef Oyg'geyp,mba0g-yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf umrkyg'gefaMumifh tukodkvfurb0 ponfjzpfyHk if;aMumifh ukodkvfurb0 ponfjzpfyHk 'd|Kyg'gefaMumifh urb0ponfjzpfykH tw0g'kyg'gefaMumifh urb0 ponfjzpfykH b0yp,m Zmwd-ponf tus,fjyqdkcsuf b0pufudk jyqdkjcif; ewfwdkYrSm pkawcgeD; xifaomykAedrdwfig;yg; (rSwfcsuf 1) rlv 2-yg; umv 3-yg; tpyf 3-yg; tvTm 4-yg; tjcif;t&m 20 twdwftaMumif; ig;yg; ypKyeftusKd; ig;yg; ypKyeftaMumif; ig;yg; tem*wftusKd; ig;yg; 0#f 3-yg; OyrmwkdYjzifh odyHk eufeJjcif; (*rD&wm) 4-yg; tw*rD&wm-tusKd;tm;jzifh eufeJjcif;
"r*rD&wm-taMumif;tm;jzifh eufeJjcif; a'oem*rD&wm-a'oemtm;jzifh eufeJjcif; y#da0"*rD&wm-odtyfaomoabmtm;jzifh eufeJjcif; {uwpaom enf; 4-yg; {uwenf; emewenf; tAsmyg&enf; {0H"rwmenf; ed,wd0g' (rSwfcsuf)
18-'d|d0dok'dudk tus,fjyqdkcsuf oDv0dok'd pdw0dok'd (1) emrfrSpIenf; orx,meduyk*dKvf (2)"mwfav;yg;rSp Ienf; ok'0dyem,meduyk*dKvf "mwf 4-yg; xifay:vQif ,if;wdkYESifh pyfqkdifaom kyftaygif;vnf; xifSm;aMumif; wudk,fvHk; uvmyfaygif;ESifh kyfaygif; (rSwfcsufrsm;) (3) "mwf 18-yg; tvdktm;jzifh Ienf; (4) tm,we 12-yg; tvdktm;jzifh Ienf; (5) cEmtvdktm;jzifh Ienf; (6) emrfkyftvdktm;jzifh Ienf; emrfw&m;xifSm;atmifIenf; emrfw&m;xifay:yHktjcif;t&mudk jyqdkcsuf rsm;pGmaom okwefwdkYESifh ESD;aESmcsuf emrfkyfudk OyrmwkdYjzifhjyjcif; tjrifrSefudky,fvQif ow'd|d-Oap''d|d wyg;yg; usa&mufaMumif; tcsKdYuausmfvGef tcsKdYuwGefYqkwf tcsKdYom trSefjrifEdkifaMumif; opfom;pufkyfOyrm usLpnf; Oyrm pnfoHOyrm emrfoufouf kyfoufoufrSm wefcdk;tpGrf;rSd? oluef; olqGHYwkdYESifh wlaMumif; vlESifhavSOyrm
19-ucFg0dw&P 0dok'dudk tus,fjyqdkcsuf taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk jyqdkcsuf ucFg0dw&P 0dok'd 1-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk yXrenf; kyfudk,f\taMumif; emrf\taMumif; ,HkrSm; 16-yg;udk y,fjcif; 2-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk 'kwd,enf; 3-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk wwd,enf; 4-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk pwkwenf; 5-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk yOrenf; uHtjym;udkjyqdkcsuf 'd|"ra0'eD,uH ta[moduH OyyZa0'eD,uH ty&my&d,a0'eD,uH *kuH A[kvuH tmoEuH u#wmuH ZeuuH OywruuH OyyDVuuH OyCmwuuH uHESifh 0dygufrQom awGYjrifykH b0oHk;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg;ponf (rSwfcsuf) w&m;tvHk;pHkudk xifSm;odjcif; b0ESpf&yf pyfyHk Oyrmjycsuf "r|dwdPf ponf rnfaMumif; "r|dwd ,xmblw orm'e-[laom Pf 3-yg;onf t&wl ucFg0dw&P 0dok'd\ trnfcsnf;jzpfaMumif; plVaomwmyef rnfaMumif;
20-r*gr*P'e0dok'dudk tus,fjyqdkcsuf oroePfudk jyqdkcsuf uvmyoroeESifh e,0dyem wy&dnm wD&Py&dnm y[mey&dnm y&dnmoHk;yg;\ e,fy,fudk toD;toD; ydkif;jcm;jyjcif; oroePf jyaom y#dord'gr*fygVd (\ jrefrmjyef) puKESifh Z&mr&P tMum; jrKyfxm;aom ay,smvudk azmfEdkif&ef Tefjycsuf vG,fulpGm IEkdifaomw&m;wdkYudk oHk;oyftyf-ItyfaMumif; twdwf kyf ponfudk rNrJ[k IyHk 11-yg; omrD tw-ponfjzifh wdwdwdkY BuHqtyfaom tESpfom& uif;aomaMumifh tew rnfaMumif; tjcif;t&m 40-wkdYjzifh IyHk aÈxufaMumif; 9-yg; kyf\ jzpfjcif;udk IyHk tjcif;t&m toyg, 7-yg;ESifh oyg, 7-yg; (rSwfcsuf1) urork|mef uryp, ponfwkdYudk cGJjyjcif; pdwf (wck,kwf udk;q,f) 89-yg;udk tusOf;csKyf a&wGufjyjcif; (rSwfcsuf) kyf &d,mykxf 0dnwfudk jzpfwwfaompdwf? rjzpfapwwfaom pdwfwkdYudk ydkif;jcm;jyjcif; pdwork|mef pdwyp, ponfwkdYudk cGJjyjcif; tm[m& tm[m&ork|mef ponfwkdYudk cGJjyjcif; Owk Owkork|mef ponfwdkYudk cJGjyjcif; emrf\ jzpfjcif;udk IyHktjcif;t&m lyowuoroeuxm-kyfudk oHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf tm'ge-edauye tm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (1) 0a,m0kkw*Fr-tG,f&ifhcsKyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (2)
tESpfw&mudk oHk;ydkif; ydkif; oHk;oyfyHk rE'ou ponf q,fydkif;ydkif; oHk;oyfyHk wESpfudk Owk 3-yg;? &wk 6-yg;wdkYjzifh ydkif; oHk;oyfyHk vqef; vqkwf nOfh aeY eHeufydkif; ponfjzifhydkif; oHk;oyfyHk oGm;jcif; jyefjcif; ponfjzifh ydkif; oHk;oyfyHk ajcwvSrf;udk <ujcif; aqmifjcif; ponf 6-ydkif; oHk;oyfyHk ajcwvSrf; 6-ydkif; ydkif; oHk;oyfEdkifvQif kyfoHk;oyfrI odrfarGYNyD jzpfaMumif; OyrmwkdYjzifh jyjcif; tm[m&r,kyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (3) Owkr,kyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (4) urZkyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (5) pdwork|mef kyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (6) "rwmkyftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (7) emrfoHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf uvmytm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (1) ,rutm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (2) cPdutm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (3) y#dyg#dtm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (4) 'd|dO*g#e ponftm;jzifh oHk;oyfyHk (5-6-7) r[m0dyem wpdwfwa'o &yHkudk jyqdkcsuf r[m0dyem 18-yg; okyf O',A,Pfudk jyqdkcsuf cEmig;yg; tjzpftysuf vuPm ig;q,fudk a0befjyjcif; tjzpftysufudk Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; opm 4-yg; xifSm;yHk ,if;a,m*Dtm; y#dporkyg'f xifSm;yHk ,if;a,m*Dtm;yif enf; 4-yg; xifSm;yHk tewvuPm ponf xifSm;yHk Ekaom 0dyemPfudk& tm&'0dyuyk*dKvf rnfaMumif; 0dyemnpfl;aMumif; OyudavowkdYudk jyqdkcsuf
Mobmo-ta&miftvif; (1) "r'dErax&fESifh r[mem*rax&ftaMumif; PfOyudavo (2) yDwd (3) y'd (4) okc (5) t"darmu (6) y*[ (7) Oy|me (8) Oayum (9) eduEd (10) *g[ 30-jzpfaMumif; r*frSef r*frSm; ydkif;jcm;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf
21-y#dy'gP'e0dok'dudk tus,fjyqdkcsuf OyudavorSvGwfaom O',A,Pfudk jyqdkcsuf tedpvuPmudk oEwdynwfu zHk;vTrf;aMumif;ponf tedpESifh tedpvuPm ponf b*FgEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf IodrIPfonf xufjrufonfjzpf aqmifoGm;\-tpSdaom pum;&yfjzifh O',A,PfrS b*FPfoYkd ajymif;yHkudk jyjcif; b*FPfonf tmkH\tysufudk odNyD;vQif xdk odaompdwf\ tysufudkvnf; wzefodaMumif; b*FPf &aom tusKd;tmedoif *kPfSpfyg; b,wky|mePfudk jyqdkcsuf tm'De0gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf edAd'gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf rkOdwkurswmPfudk jyqdkcsuf y#docFgEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf rNrJ[k IyHk tjcif;t&m 12-yg; qif;&J[k IyHk tjcif;t&m 27-yg; rwifhw,f[k IyHk tjcif;t&m 7-yg; twr[kwf-twrSd[k IyHk tjcif;t&m 7-yg; ig;zrf;ol a>rudk qkyfudkifrdyHk Oyrm ocFgkayumPfudk jyqdkcsuf tw twed, 2-yg;pHkrS qdwfokOf;onf[k IjrifyHk tzdkYav;yg;tm;jzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk ajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkdYjzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk Spfyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkdYjzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk q,fyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkdYjzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk wq,fhESpfyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkdYjzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk av;q,fhESpfyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkdYjzifh qdwfokOf;jcif;udk IyHk 'domumuac: t&yfrsufESm axmufvSrf;a&; usD;Oyrm tedrdw0darmu ponfwkdYudk jyjcif; t&d,myk*dKvf ckepfrsKd; o'gEkom&DESifh o'g0drkwyk*dKvf um,oudESifh Obawmbm*0drkwyk*dKvf "rEkom&D 'd|dywESifh ynm0drkwyk*dKvf 0k|me*grdeD0dyemtaMumif; tZw IpjyK tZwrSxaom yk*dKvfponfudk a0befjyjcif; vif;EdkYOyrm ponfjzifh jyjcif; 0dyemed,rjzifh r*f yXrpsmefponf ,SOfyHkudk jyjcif; yudPuocFg&taMumif; (rSwfcsuf3) 'kuy#dy'g ponftaMumif; pmudk,fESifh (rSwfcsuf2) tEkavmrPfudk jyqdkcsuf 0k|me*grdeD0dyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf
22-P'e0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf yXrr*fPfudk jyqdkcsuf a&ajrmif;ckefyHkjzifh r*f0DxdjzpfyHkudk jyjcif; aomwmywdr*f\ tusKd;tmedoifrsm;udk jyjcif; ab; 25-yg; tkyf (rSwfcsuf3) aomwmyefyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf 'kwd,r*fPfudk jyqdkcsuf ou'g*grf yk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf wwd,r*fPfudk jyqdkcsuf tem*grfyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf pwkwr*fPfudk jyqdkcsuf &[Emyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf aAm"dyud,w&m;udk jyqdkcsuf owdy|mef 4-yg; ory"mef 4-yg; 'dyg'f 4-yg; aÈig;yg;-Adkvfig;yg; aAmZif 7-yg; r*if Spfyg; 0dyemcP &oifhaom owdy|mef ponfwkdYudk jyjcif; r*fcP zdkvfcPwkdY &oifhonfwkdYudk jyjcif; wrnf& ESpfrnf& av; ig; Spfrnf& udk;rnf& w&m;wkdYudk jyjcif; xjcif; cGeftm;ESifh ,SOfjcif;wkdYudk jyqdkcsuf 0dyemonf ESpfzufvHk;rSrx? a*gMwblonf wzufrS xaMumif; t&d,mr*fonf ESpfzufvHk;rS x Obawm 0k|mernfaMumif; t&d,mr*fcP orx0dyemcGeftm; 2-yg;vHk;ESifh ,SOfyHk
y,ftyfaom w&m;udk jyqdkcsuf oHa,mZOf 10-yg; udavom 10-yg;? rdpw 10-yg; avmu"rf Spfyg;? rp&d, ig;yg; 0dyvmo? *E? t*wd tmo0? MoC? a,m*? eD0&P y&mrmo? Oyg'gef? tEko,? rv tukodkvfuryxw&m; 10-yg; tukodkvfpdwKyg'f 12-yg; oHa,mZOfwkdYudk r*f 4-yg;u xdkufonftm;avsmfpGm y,fyHk udavomwkdYudk y,fyHk rdpw-avmu"rf-ponfwkdYudk y,fyHk y,ftyfaomtukodkvfwdkYudk twdwf tem*wf ponfjzifh pdppfjyjcif; blrdv'rnfaom udavomwkdYudk y,faMumif; OyEav;yg;jzifh a0befjyjcif; blrdESifh blrdv'udavomudk cJGjcm; jyjcif; wenf; OyEav;yg; y&dnmpaom udpudk jyqdkcsuf opmteuf 16-csufac: tjcif;t&m oabmrSefwkdYudk jyjcif; y&dnmpaom tjym;udk jyqdkcsuf wy&dnmESifh ,if;\jzpf&m e,fy,fudk jyjcif; wD&Py&dnm y[mey&dnmESifh ,if;wdkY\ e,fy,fudk jyjcif; y[mefoHk;yg;udk jyqdkjcif; 0durey[mefESifh w'*Fy[mef c,mEkyemESifh 0,mEkyemwdkYudk jyqdkjcif;
0dy&dPmrmEkyem? tedrdw-tyPd[dw-oknwm Ekyem t"dynm"r0dyemwdkYudk jyqdkjcif; ,xmblwPftjrif? tm'De0gEkyem? y#docFgEkyem 0d0mEkyemudk jyqdkjcif; orkap'y[mefudk jyqdkjcif; rsufarSmufjyKjcif; yGg;apjcif; bm0em
23-ynmbm0emedoHoudk tus,fjyqdkcsuf tmedoifudk jyqdkcsuf trsKd;rsKd;aom udavomudk zsufqD;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf zvormywfudk jyqdkcsuf zvormywfudk 0ifpm;Edkif-r0ifpm;Edkifaom yk*dKvfrsm; zvormywf0ifpm;&m &nfG,fcsuf zvormywf 0ifpm;yHk ponf zdkvf\tjcm;rJh jzpfaomw&m; eda&m"ormywfudk jyqdkcsuf eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Edkif-r0ifpm;Edkifaom yk*dKvfrsm; orxtm;udk jyjcif; 0dyemtm;udk jyjcif; oHk;rsKd;aom ocFg&wkdY\ Nidrf;jcif; wq,fhajcmufrsKd;aom Pfjzpfjcif; udk;rsKd;aom orm"dwkdY jzpfjcif; avhvmEdkifeif;jcif; 0oDig;yg; eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;Edkif&mbHk ,if;udk 0ifpm;&m &nfG,fcsuf ,if;ormywfudk 0ifpm;yHk 0ifpm;enf; ,if;ormywf wnfyHk ,if;rS xyHk xNyD;vQif pdwfGwfyHk aoolESifh ,if;ormywf0ifpm;ol txl; tm[kae,syk*Kdvftjzpf ponf NyD;pD;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf owuwKy&raomwmyef aumvHaumvaomwmyef {uADZDaomwmyef ou'g*grf tem*grf tE&my&dedAm,D Oy[py&dedAm,D tocFgy&dedAm,D oocFg&y&dedAm,D O'Haomwtued|*grD o'g0drkw&[Em ynm0drkw&[Em Obawmbm*0drkw&[Em aw0dZ&[Em qVbdn&[Em y#dord'gyw&[Em tem*grf 48-yg;? aomwmyef 24-yg;? ou'g*grf 12-yg; a&wGufyHk (rSwfcsuf 2) t&d,myk*dKvf 146-yg; a&wGufyHk (rSwfcsuf 3) ed*Hk;udk jyqdkcsuf jrefrmjyef\ oD;jcm;ed*Hk; 0dok'dr*f-jrefrmjyef pwkwwGJ rmwdum NyD;\/
trSmpum;
trSmpum;
oDv orm"d ynmqdi&m tajccHrsm;ESiwuG 'd|0o'ea'orSp 0do'r*f tqH;ydi;udk tjynftpHk jrefrm k f hf d d k d d k d k k f h jyefNyD;vQif 1324-ckEpu xkwa0cJ\/ xdoYkd xwa0pOfuyif taMumif;nDwaomtcg <uif;usefaom aSYyi; S f f h k k f T f kd f rsm;udyg jrefrmjyef xkwa0&ef &nf,&if; Sc\/ odYk aomf 0do'r*f r[m#Dum ed,twGuf aMumifMh upduf k f G f d hJ k d k ae&aomaMumifif;? y#dporkyg'f w&m;awmfpaom a[mpOf w&m;rsm;twGuf aMumifMh upduae&aomaMumihif; h k f f xd&nf,csuf taumiftxnf ray:yJ SaecJayonf/ k G f d h ,cktcgrSm tqdyged,BuD; NyD;pD;atmifjrifom;onfjh yif w&m; a[mpOftcsKdYvnf; NyD;pD;oGm;aomaMumifh k G ,cifu &nf,csuf Sconftwdi; <uif;aom 0do'r*f tydi;rsm;udk jyefq&ef tm;xkwvsuf S\/ xdkodkY G f d hJ h k f k d k f kd f d tm;xkw&m ,cifu xkwa0cJaom tqH;ydi; jrefrmjyefukd trsm;u awmifwaeMuaomaMumifif;? y#dp f f h k k f h h orkyg'fukd jyqd&m ynmblrea'oudk ,cifyEyNf yD; jrefrmjyefEihf yl;wG xkwa0vduvQif 0do'r*fjrefrmjyef k d d kH dS S J f k f k d tqH;ydi;twGJ vsifjrefpm xGuay:vmEdiaomaMumifif; 17-ynm blrea'oudk jrefrmjyefum znfpu pwkw k k f G f k f h d d j h G f wGJ tjzpfjzifh xkwa0vduayonf/ f k f xdpwkwwJG tydi;onf 0do'r*fjrefrmjyef pmom;oufoufjzifyif pmrsuEm 543-txd rsm;aeaom k k f k d h f S aMumifh 0do'r*f ed'gef;ESihf tajccH tydi;rsm;udk pwkww rxnfoi;awmhyJ yXrwGEihf wwd,wGJ olYae&m k d k f JG h G f J S rsm;om xnfoi;azmfjyapygrnf/ h G f jyefqa&;om;yHrm ,cifu ed'gef; azmfjycJonftwdi; jrefrmjyef jzpfaomaMumifh jrefrmpum; acsmarm kd k S h h k f ajyjypfjcif;ESihf ygVdrwwfaom pmzwfy&dowfwYdk tm; Si;Si;vif;vif; oabmayguf odem;vnf apjcif;udk txl; f f tav;y jyefqa&;om;xm;aMumif; odxm;Muapvk\/ xdYk aMumifh ta&;rBuD;aom tcsKdY0gus aZmwu [d-pkd d ye-edygwfrsm;udif;? tcsKdYaom y&dormye wd-udif; razmfjyyJ csefxm;onf? ted,wf0gusudk ed,wf0gusESihf k k waygif;wnf; jyefqxm;csufvnf; Sonf? tcsKdY okyjf ypum;rsm;udk ed,jyefenf; r[kwyJ jrefrmqefqef kd d f jyefxm;onfvnf; Sonf? odYk aom jyefqcsufrsm;udk awGY&aomtcg ygVdrwwfowYdk em;vnfv,ap&ef d kd l G f jyefxm;onf[k rSw,Ml uapvd\/ f k omoemawmfEpf 2513-ck S aumZmou&mZf 1331-ck jymodvqef; 6-&uf k tSifaombe t*r[my@dw r[mpnfq&mawmf
0dok'dr*fjrefrmjyef (pwkww) JG
0do'r*f jrefrmjyef k d pwkwwJG

earm w b*0awm t&[awm ormorK'/
17-ynmblrea'o - ynm\jzpf&mbHk d d (tmk)udk jyqdcsuf H k

y#dporkyg'fudk jyqdkjcif;
148+ 570_/ ,cktcg ]]cEm tm,we "mwf aÈ opm y#dporkyg'f ponf tjym;Sueaom d k f w&m;wdYk onf ( 0dyem ynm\) jzpf&mbHk (tmk) jzpfue\}} [l qdtyfcuef NyD;aom (0dyem) H k f k hJ k ynm\ jzpf&mbHk (tmk) jzpfueaom w&m;wdYk wif y#dporkyg'f w&m;onfif;? (y#dporkyg'f ponf-[laom H k f G pum;xJ yg0ifaom) ]]ponf}} [laom pum;jzifh aygif;,ltyfueaom y#dporkyef w&m;wkYd onfif; (zGijhf y&ef) k f <uif;useMf uao;\/ xkYd aMumifh xdk (<uif;usefao;aom 2-yg;aom) w&m;wdYk ukd zGijhf y&ef tpOf a&mufvwfayNyD/ xdk (2-yg;aom) w&m;wdYk wif rodrI (t0dZm) tpSaom taMumif;w&m;wkYd ukd y#dporkyg'f-[l aS;OD;pGm G d odtyf(uke)\/ rSeay\? jrwfpmbk&m;onf --f f G ]]uwarm p bdua0 y#dporkyga'g t0dZmypa,m bdua0 ocFg&m? ocFg& ypa,m 0dnmPH? 0dnmPyp,m emrly?H emrlyp,m oVm,weH? oVm,weypa,m zam? zyp,m a0'em? a0'emyp,m wPSm? wPSmyp,m Oyg'geH? Oyg'geyp,m ba0g? b0yp,m Zmwd? Zmwdyp,m Z&mr&PH aomu y&da'0 'ku a'gre kyg,mom or0E/ {0arw au0v 'kuuE ork'a,m a[mwd/ t,H 0kpwd bdua0 d y#dporkyga'g}} ]]&[ef;wkYd ? y#dporkyg'f[onf tb,fenf; &[ef;wkYd ? rodrI -- t0dZm[laom l taMumif;aMumifh yjyiftm;xkwrI - ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf? ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh f b0opf 0dnmPf jzpfonf? 0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh emrfyf jzpfonf? emrfyf l k k [laom taMumif;aMumifh tm,we 6-yg; jzpfonf? tm,we 6-yg;[laom taMumif; aMumifh tmkukd awGYr-z jzpfonf? z[laom taMumif;aMumifh taumif;tqd; cHpm;rIH I k a0'em jzpfonf? a0'em[laom taMumif;aMumifh wyfruf qmavmifr-wPSm jzpfonf? I wPSm[laom taMumifaMumifh pGvrf;rI-Oyg'gef jzpfonf? Oyg'gef[aom taMumif;aMumifh h J l jzpfaMumif;uH-b0 jzpfonf? jzpfaMumif; uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh b0topfjzpfr-Zmwd l I jzpfonf? Zmwd[aom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; Z&mr&P jzpfonf? pd;&dryaqG;jcif; l k f l ida<u;jcif; ud,qif;&Jjcif; pdwqif;&Jjcif; pdwEv;\ jyif;pGmylyefjcif;wdYk jzpfMuonf/ yHk k k f f f S kH enf;jzifh csr;omjcif;ESihf ra&mr,Suf oufoufaom qif;&Jtpk\ (omvQi) jzpfjcif; f f Sdacsonf/ &[ef;wkYd ? (t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;) oabmudk y#dporkyg'f[qtyf\}} d k kd [laompum;awmfukd a[mawmfrl (tyf) cJayonf/ h tdjk cif; aojcif; paom tusKd;w&m;wkYd uum; y#dporkyef w&m;wkYd [ odtyfue\/ rSeay\? jrwfpm kd l k f f G bk&m; --
]]&[ef;wkYd ? y#dporkyef (taMumif;udk pGwuG jzpfueaom) w&m;wdYk onf tb,f J k f wdYk enf; &[ef;wkYd ? tdjk cif; aojcif;onf rNrJ? taMumif;w&m;wkYd u aygif;pk nDw yjyif T f tyfaom w&m;aywnf;? taMumif;udk pG wuG jzpfay:\? ukejf cif; oabmS\? aysmuf J d uG,jf cif; oabmS\? ysufjy,fjcif; oabmS\? csKyfjcif; oabm S\/ &[ef;wdYk ? b0 d d d topf jzpfronf ---/ jzpfaMumif;uH (b0)onf ---/ pGvrf;rI onf ---/ qmavmifwyf I J rufronf ---/ cHpm;rIonf ---/ tmkHudk awGYrIonf ---/ tm,we 6-yg;onf ---/ I emrfyonf ---/ b0opf 0dnmPfonf ---/ yjyiftm;xkwrwYdk onf ---/ &[ef;wkYd ? k f f I rodronf rNrJ? taMumif;w&m;wdYk u aygif;pk nDw yjyiftyfaom w&m;aywnf;? I T f taMumif;udp wuGjzpfay:\? ukejf cif; oabmS\? aysmufu,jf cif; oabmS\? ysujf y,f k JG d G d jcif; oabmS\? csKyfjcif; oabm S\/ &[ef;wdYk ? (tdjk cif; aojcif; tpSaom tusKd;) d d d oabmwdYk ukd y#dporkyef w&m;wdYk -[k qdtyfue\}} [laom -- k k f pum;awmfukd a[mawmfrcayonf/ l hJ 571/ qdvwHonfum; qkcNhJ yD;okwy'f pum;awmfwYdk t"dyg,f tusOf;aywnf;/ t0dZmpaom k h d f k taMumif;w&m;wdYk ukd y#dpyrkyg'f-[l odtyfukef\/ xdxtaMumif;w&m;wdYk aMumifh jzpfaom tusKd;w&m;wdYk ukd k kd y#dporkyew&m;wdYk -[l (odtyfuke\)/ tb,faMumifh pum;udk 149 odtyfoenf; [lr jrwfpmbk&m;\ f f l G pum;jzifh (odtyfay\)/ rSeay\? jrwfpmbk&m;onf y#dporkyg'fw&m; y#dporkyw&m;wkYd ukd a[mMum;&m okw f G f -]]&[ef;wkYd ? y#dporkyg'f [lonf tb,fenf; &[ef;wdYk ? b0topfjzpfjcif; [laom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpfonf? (odYk jzpf&m) taMumif;w&m;\ wnfonf\tjzpf taMumif;w&m;\ ude;ao f NrJonf\tjzpf tkjd cif; aojcif;\ taMumif;tjzpf[aom xd"mwfoabmonf jrwfpmbk&m;wkYd yGiawmfronf l k G hf l jzpfap? ryGiawmfronfjzpfap wnfaeonfomvQiwnf;/ xdk "mwfoabmudk jrwfpmbk&m;onf rsuarSmuf hf l dS f G f xifxif od(jrif) awmfr\? rsuarSmufxifxifawGY (jrif) awmfr\? rsuarSmufxifxif od(jrif)awmfrNl yD; l f l f rsuarSmuf xifxif awGY(jrif) awmfrNl yD; ajymMum;awmf rl\? a[mMum;awmfr\? tjym;tm;jzifh odapawmfr\? f l l (ow0gwkYd \Pf) wnfapawmf rl\? zGiawmfr\? a0befawmfr\? ay:vGionfukd yawmfr\? &[ef;wdYk ? hf l l f l b0topfjzpfjcif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpfonf-[k IMuukeavmh-[lvnf; rdeYf awmfr\/ &[ef;wkYd ? f l jzpfaMumif; uH [laom taMumif;aMumifh b0topfjzpfjcif; (Zmwd) jzpfonf? ... &[ef;wkYd ? rodr[aom taMumif; I l aMumifh yjyif tm;xkwrwYdk jzpfMuonf? ... xdk "mwfoabmonf jrwfpmbk&m;wkYd yiawmfronfjzpfap ... ay:vGif f I G G hf l onfukd yawmfr\? &[ef;wdYk ? rodrI [laom taMumif;aMumifh yjyif tm;xkwrwYkd jzpfMuonf-[k IMuukeavmh l f I f -[lvnf; rdeYf awmfr\/ &[ef;wdYk ? odYk vQif xdk (b0topf jzpfjcif; [laom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; l jzpfonf tpSaom) t&mwdYk rSeuefaom oabm (wxwm)ud?k rcRw,i;aom oabm (t0dwxmwm)ud?k d f f G f wyg;aom tjym; (wrsK;wrnf) tm;jzifh r[kwaomoabm? wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh rjzpfaomoabm d f (tenxwm)udk tkjd cif; aojcif; ponfwYdk \ taMumif;oabm ('yp,wm)udk y#dporkyg'f-[k qdtyf\}} k [l 572/ odYk y#dporkyg'fukd a[mawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m;onf rSeuefaom oabm (wxwm) tpSd l G f aom a00kpf pum;vS,wYdkjzifh taMumif;w&m; wkYd uomvQif y#dporkyg'f-[l a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ xkdY f kd k f aMumifh ]]y#dporkyg'fonf tkjd cif; aojcif; tpSaom (tusKd;) w&m;wkYd \ taMumif; tjzpfvQif rSwaMumif; d f vuPmSd\? 0g? taMumif;[k rSwtyf\/ (rjywfjzpfjcif; [laom) qif;&Jukd tpOfvu( jzpf) apjcif;udp\? f kd f dS pufqyz,vrf;[k (0g? vrf;rSm;[k) Pftm; aS;Ixif\}} [l rSwftyfayonf/ k f G f quf Si;jyOD;tH?h xdoYkd (odtyf)aom y#dporkyg'fukd r,kwrvGeonfomvQif jzpfueaom xdxkd f k f f k f k (qdi&m) taMumif;wkYd aMumifh xdxdk (qdi&m) tusK;w&m; jzpfoifaomaMumifh rSeuefaom oabm (wxwm) k f k k f d h f [lif;? taMumif;w&m;wkYd nDwMf uvQif xdk taMumif;w&m;wdYk aMumif; jzpfoifaom tusKd;w&m;rsm;onf T h wrk[wrQaomfvnf; rjzpfyJ rSaomaMumifh rcRwf,i;aom oabm (t0dwxwm)[lif;? tjcm;tusKd;w&m;\ k f d G f taMumif;wkYd aMumifh tjcm;tusK;w&m; rjzpfjcif;aMumifh wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifh rjzpfaomoabm? 0g? wyg;aom d taMumif;aMumifh rjzpfaom oabm (tenxwm) [lif;? qdtyfcwi;ukeaom xkd tkjd cif; aojcif; paom k hJ dk f f
tusKd;w&m;wkYd \ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifif; taMumif; taygif;jzpfaomaMumifif; tdjk cif; aojcif;paom h h tusKd;w&m;wdYk \ taMumif;oabm? 0g? taMumif;taygif; ('yp,wm) [lif; a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/ 573/ xdk ('yp,wmyk') qdvwHonfum; o'g\teuf (0pew) aywnf;/ (tdjk cif; aojcif; f k h paom tusKd;w&m;)wkYd \ taMumif;wkYd onf 'yp, rnfue\/ tkjd cif; aojcif; paom tusKd;w&m;wdYk \ k f taMumif; ('yp,) wdYk onfyifvQif 'yp,wm rnf\/ wenf;um; tkjd cif; aojcif; paom tusKd; w&m;wkYd \ taMumif;wdYk taygif;onf 'yp,wm rnf\/ 0pew (yk'Nf yD;yHk tpDt&ifu) rSwaMumif; kd f jzpfaom okwurl o'gusrf;rS Sm,ltyf\/ f kd
aupd0g'
574/ tcsKdY q&mwdYk onfum; ]]taMumif;udk pG rSepmvnf; wdwwYdk BuHqtyfaom yuwd yk&opaom J f G d d taMumif;udk riJyJ jzpfjcif;onf y#dporkyg'f rnf\}}[k odYk (0pewukd BuHNyD;vQif) jzpfjcif;rQudk y#dporkyg'f h [l 150 qdkMu\/ xkd pum; roifay? tb,faMumifh qdaomf ud;uG,z,&m ygVdawmf rSjd cif;aMumifif;? h k k f G f h ygVdawmfEihf qefYusifjcif;aMumifif;? euferEihf enf;wkYd \ rjzpfoifjh cif;aMumifif;? (o'g pnf;urf;ESihf rnD) S h J I S h o'genf;ysufjcif;aMumifif; jzpfayonf/ h csJY jy&vQif ]]jzpfjcif;rQonf y#dporkyg'f rnf\}}[k (jyqdaom) okwygVdawmf rSay? xkYd jyif xdjk zpfjcif; k f d rQudk y#dporkyg'f[qaom oltm; ya'o0d[m&okwEihf qefYusijf cif; (tjypf)jzpf\/ tb,foYkd qefYusifoenf; k dk f S [lr ]]xdpOftcg bke;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpmbk&m;onf nOf\ yXr,mrfywfv; y#dporkyg'fukd tEkvkH y#dvkH l k f G h kH (tavsmfEitjyef) tm;jzifh ESv;oGi;awmfravNyD}}[k odYk ponfukd rdeYf qjkd cif;aMumifh y#dporkyg'fukd ESv; S hf kH f l kH oGi;jcif;onf jrwfpmbk&m;\ yXrmbdorK'0[m& (bk&m;jzpfawmfrNl yD;cgp vufO; ESv;oGi;aejcif;) rnf\/ f G d D kH f xdk yXrmbdorK'0[m&\ wpdwwa'o jzpfaom aejcif;onfum; ya'o0d[m& (wpdwwa'oudk ESv;oGi;ae d f f kH f jcif;) rnf\/ bk&m;a[mawmfrlyHkum; ......... ]]&[ef;wkYd ? xdigonf opmav;yg;udk odNyD;onf (bk&m; jzpfNyD;onf) jzpf aS;OD;pGm k (y#dporkyg'f udEv;oGi;jcif; [laom) tMuif aejcif;jzifh (xdpOfumvu) ae\? xdaejcif; k S kH f k k \ wpdwwa'ojzifh (,ck vcGtwGi;) aecJayNyD}} [l yifwnf;/ f J f h quf Si;OD;tH?h xdk ya'o0d[m&okw (jrwfpmbk&m;onf) y#dporkyg'fukd Ijcif;jzifh aeawmfrc\? f f G l hJ jzpfjcif;rQukd Ijcif;jzifh aeawmfrconf r[kw[k odtyf\? bk&m;a[mawmfryum; l hJ f l kH ]]xdoYkd ya'o0d[m&jzifh aeaom igonf odYk oday\? rSm;aom t,l[aom k l taMumif;aMumifvnf; cHpm;rI (jzpf\)? rSeaom t,l[aom taMumif;aMumifvnf; cHpm;rI h f l h (jzpf\) rSm;aom tBuHtpnf [laom taMumif;aMumifvnf; cHpm;rI (jzpf\)}} odkY ponf h yifwnf;? tvH;pHukd csJY odtyf\/ k k odYk (jyqdconftwdi;yif) jzpfjcif;rQudk y#dporkyg'f[k qkaom oltm; ya'o0d[m&okwEihf qefYusif k hJ h k f d f S jcif; (tjypf) jzpfonf/ xkYd twl upmeokwEivnf; qefYusifjcif; (tjypf) jzpfonf/ f S hf csJY jyOD;tH?h upmemokwvnf; ]]upn;? avmu\ jzpfaMumif;w&m;udk rSepm odwwfaom 0dyem f f f G ynm r*fynmjzifh trSetwdi;odjrifaom oltm; avmu rSonf\ tjzpfonf? 0g? aoNyD;vQif rSawmh[k f k f d d ,ljcif;onf rjzpfawmhay}}[laom pum;jzifh tpOftwdi; jzpfaMumif;udjk yaom (tEkv) y#dporkyg'fukd avmu\ k f kH taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh ]]avmuork', (avmu\ jzpfaMumif;w&m;)}} [l Oap''d|ukd t<uif;rJh y,fEwjf cif; d k tusK;iSg jyawmfrtyfayonf? jzpfjcif;rQukd jytyfonf r[kway? rSeay\/ jzpfjcif;rQukd jyjcif;jzifh Oap''d|ukd d l f f d t<uif;rJh y,fEwjf cif; rjzpfay? taMumif;wdYk \ rjywfpjJ cif;udk jyjcif;jzifomvQif (Oap''d|ukd t<uif;rJh y,fEwf k h d k jcif;) jzpfayonf/ (tb,faMumifh qdaomf) taMumif; wdYk \ rjywfpjJ cif; Svwfaomf tusKd;wdYk \ rjywfpjJ cif; k d aMumifyif jzpfonf[k (odtyf\)/ odYk (jyqdk cJonftwdi;yif) jzpfjcif;rQudk y#dporkyg'f[k qdaomoltm; h h h k f k upmemokwEihf qefYusijf cif; (tjypf)vnf; jzpfonf/ f S
eufejJ cif;ESihf enf;wkYd \ tjzpfoifjh cif;aMumifh [l&m (odYk odtyf\/) jrwfpm bk&m;onf ]]tmeEm? G y#dporkyg'fonf eufvnf; euf\? eufa,mifvnf; S\}} [laom pum;udk a[mawmfrchJ ayonf/ eufeJ d l onf\tjzpf rnfonf av;yg; tjym;S\? xdav;yg; tjym;Saom eufeonf\ tjzpfukd aemuf zGijhf yygtH?h xdk d k d J eufeonf\ tjzpfonf jzpfjcif;rQ rSay/ av;yg;tjym; Saom enf;wdYk jzifh wefqmqiftyfaom y#dp J d d orkyg'fukd (q&mwkYd ) zGijhf yMuuke\/ xdenf; av;yg;taygif;onfvnf; jzpfjcif;rQ rSay/ qkconftwdi; f k d d hJ h k f eufejJ cif;ESihf enf;wkYd \ tjzpfoifjh cif;aMumifvnf; jzpfjcif;rQonf y#dporkyg'f rrnfay/ h
o'genf;ysufjcif;
575/ o'genf; ysufjcif;aMumifh [l&m (odYk odtyf\/) y#dpo'g onfvnf; (wckwnf;jzpf) wlaom uwm;? 0g? uwm; wlvwfaomf aS;umv-aS;Bud,m ,SOtyfonf jzpf (0gus\ teufukd f em;vnfjcif; [laom) tusKd;NyD;jcif;udk ywwfayonf/ tb,fuoYkd enf;[lr puKO y#dp lay p OyZwd puK hJ l 0dnmPH-[laom ygVd uJoYkd yifwnf;/ aupd (tcsKdYq&mwdYk \) 0g'um; bm0om"e jzpfaom 151 Oyg' h o'gESitwlwuG ,SOtyfonfjzpf wlaomuwm;\ rSjd cif;aMumifh o'genf;ysufjcif;odYk a&muf\?wpHwckaom hf f k tusKd;rQudvnf; rNyD;ap/ odYk vQif o'genf; ysufjcif;aMumifvnf; jzpfjcif;rQonf y#dporkyg'f rrnfay/ k h xdpum;&yf ]]y#dporkyga'g a[mwd}} [l a[mwd-o'gESiwuG ,SOuet-[k wpHwa,mufu k hf f k f hH k jyefvnf acsyjim;tH?h xdpum;onf roifay? tb,faMumifenf;[lr ,SOjf cif;\ rSjd cif;aMumifif;? jzpfjcif;\ k h h l h jzpfjcif; (Oyg'f)odYk a&mufjcif; tjypfjdS cif;aMumifif; jzpfayonf/ csJY jytH?h ]]y#dporkyg'H a0g bdua0 h a'aord? uwarm p bdua0 y#dporkyga'g/ y/ t,H 0kpwd bdua0 y#dporkyga'g}} [laom yk'wYkd wif f G wckaomyk'Eiaomfrvnf; a[mwd-o'gonf ,SOjf cif;odYk ra&mufay/ xdYk jyif jzpfjcif;onfvnf; rjzpfwwfay/ f S hf S tu,fjzpfwwfjim;tH?h jzpfjcif;\vnf; (tao;pdw) jzpfjcif;onf a&mufav&m\/ wGif pum;w&yf NyD;onf/ f 576/ tMuifowYdk onfvnf; ]]ocFg&ponfwYkd \ taMumif;wkYd \ tjzpfonf 'yp,wm rnf\? l ]]tjzpf}} rnfonfvnf; t0dZm ponfwYdk \ ocFg&ponfwYdk jzpfay:jcif; (0g? jzpfay:ay;&ef) aus;Zl;yaom tjcif;t&m [laom taMumif;aywnf;? xdk t0dZmponfwYdk \ jzpfytjcif;t&m txl; ]]y#dporkyg'f}} [laom kH trnf (jzpfonf)}}[k xifrwue\? xdowYdk \ xdxifrwjf cif;onf roifay/ tb,faMumifenf;[lr t0dZm S f k f k l k S h h l ponfwYdk \ taMumif;tjzpfukd a[mawmfraomaMumifh aywnf;/ a[myHukd csYJ jy&vQif jrwfpmbk&m;onf l k G ]]tmeEm? xdk (odYk b0topfjzpfjcif; rSvQif tdjk cif; aojcif; rSEiaom)aMumifh t&m b0topf jzpfjcif; d d kd f [laom oabmonfomvQif tdjk cif; aojcif;\ rlv taMumif;wnf;? oabmonfomvQif tyfEi;aom S f taMumif;aywnf;? oabmonfomvQif jzpfay:aMumif;wnf;? oabmonfomvQif taxmuftyHh taMumif; wnf;/ y/ rodrI (t0dZm) [laom oabmonfomvQif yjyiftm;xkwrI (ocFg&)wkYd \ (rlv taMumif;wnf; f --- taxmuftyHh taMumif;wnf;)}} [laom pum;jzifh rodrI (t0dZm) ponfwYkd uomvQif taMumif;[k kd a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf? xdrodrI ponfwYdk\ jzpfytjcif;t&mtxl;udk (taMumif;[k) a[mawmfrl (tyf)ay/ k kH xdYk aMumifh ]]taMumif;w&m;wdYk ukd y#dporkyg'f[ odtyfue\}}[k ig qdtyfcaom pum;udk rSeuefpm qdtyf l k f k hJ f G k aom pum;[k odtyf\/
y#dporkyg'fyk'f\ 0pewrsm;
577/ quf qdO;tH?h ]]y#dporkyg'f}} [laom o'g&dyjf zifh ]]jzpfjcif;udomvQif y#dporkyg'f}}[k k D k a[mawmfrtyfonf[ jzpfaom xifrwjf cif;udk (y#dporkyga'g-[laom) yk'\ qkvwHaom teufukd l l S f d h ,l Nidr;aptyf\/ rSeay\? jrwfpmbk&m;onf -f f G xktaMumif;taygif;aMumifh jzpfaom tusKd;w&m; taygif; y#dporkyg'-o'gudk ESpyg; d f tjym;tm;jzifh (tvdMdS u\)? xdYk aMumifh xdk tusKd;w&m;wdYk \ taMumif;jzpfaom t0dZm k tpSaom taMumif;udk zvlypmtm;jzifh odYk (y#dporkyg'f [l) a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ d l csJY jytH?h taMumif;taygif;aMumifh jzpfaom tusKd;w&m;taygif; y#dporkyg'-[laom o'gudk ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh (q&mwkYd ) tvdMdS uavonf/ tvdMdS uyHrm-xdtusKd;w&m; taygif;onf rsufarSmuf odtyf f k k k S k
onfaomf (avmukw&m) pD;yGg;tvdYk igif;? (avmukw&m) csrf;om tvdYk igif; jzpf\? xkYd aMumifh xdtusKd; dS S S k w&m; taygif;udk ynmSwYdk onf rsufarSmuf odjcif;iSg xduue\? xkoYkd rsuarSmuf odxuaomaMumifh (xdk d k f k f d f kd f tusKd;w&m; taygif;onf) y#dprnf\/ xkYd jyif (xdk tusKd;w&m; taygif;onf) jzpfvwfaomf twlwuGvnf; (jzpf\)? wck wckcsi; rjzpf? rSeuefpmvnf; jzpf\? taMumif;rJtm;jzifh (0g? rqdiaom taMumifaMumif)vnf; f f G h k f h h rjzpf? xdYk aMumifh orkyg'vnf; rnf\/ odYk vQif xdk tusKd;taygif;onf rsufarSmuf odxu y#dpvnf;rnf kd f twlwuG rSepm jzpfwwf orkyg'vnf; rnfaomaMumifh y#dporkyg' rnfayonf/ wenf;aomfum; twlwuG f G jzpfwwfaomaMumifh orkyg' rnf\/ odYk aomfvnf; taMumif;wdYk \ nDwjf cif;udk pG rpGeYf r (omvQif T J l jzpfwwf\)? xkYd aMumifh odYk vnf; y#dporkyg' rnfjyefayonf/ quf qdkOD;thH? t0dZmtpSdaomtaMumif; taygif;onf (y#dporkyg' rnfaom ocFg&paom) xdtusKd;taygif;\ taMumif; jzpfayonf/ odYk k (y#dporkyg' rnfaom) xdtusKd;w&m; taygif;\ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh t0dZm tpSaom taMumif; k d taygif;udvnf; avmu ovdy\ taMumif;jzpfaom wifvukd ]]wifvonf ovdyyif}}[k qdtyfouJoYkd if;? k f J J f k h omoemawmf csr;om\ taMumif;jzpfaom jrwfpmbk&m;wdYk \ yGiawmfrjl cif;udk ]]jrwfpm bk&m;wdYk \ yGiawmf f G hf G hf rljcif;onf csr;om\}}[k a[mtyfouJoYkd if; xdYk twl y#dporkyg' [lomvQif zvlypm (tusKd;\ trnf f h a0g[m&)jzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf) onf[ odtyf\/ l 578/ wenf; 0pewum; tMuif taMumif;taygif;udk aS;Ia&muftyf\? xdYk aMumifh taMumif;taygif;udk y#dp [l qdktyf\/ xdYk jyif twlwuG (waygif;wnf;) jzpfaom tusKd;w&m;wdYk ukd jzpfapwwf aomaMumifh xdk taMumif;taygif;udk orkyg'-[lvnf; qdktyf\/ csJY jytH?h jyqkcNhJ yD;aom tMuiftaMumif;taygif;udk ocFg& ponfwYdk \ xifm;jzpfjcif;iSg t0dZm tp d S Saom wckwckaom taMumif;udk acgif;wyfojzifh (y#dporkyg'f a'oem) Tejf yxm;tyf\? xdtaMumif; d k taygif;udk (rdrEi) qdi&m tusKd;udk NyD;apwwfaom oabmtm;jzifif;? csKdYwjhJ cif; rSaom oabmtm;jzifif; d S hf k f h d h taMumif;nDwjf cif;\ t*Fgjzpfaom tpdwtaMumif;wdYk wif tcsif;csif;onf aS;I a&muftyf\-[k 0pewy T f G y#dp-[k qdtyf\/ xkdodkY y#dp-[k qdtyfaom taMumif;onf wuGomvQif jzpfMuaom tcsif;csif; toD; k k tjcm; rcGjJ crf;tyfaom jzpfjcif;SMd uaom tusKd;w&m;wkYd ukd jzpfapwwfaomaMumifh orkyg'-[lvnf; qdktyf\/ enf;jzifvnf; xdk taMumif;taygif;onf y#dpvnf; rnf orkyg'fvnf; rnfaomaMumifh y#dporkyg' h rnfayonf/ 579/ 0pew enf;wrsKd;um; .... (t0dZm tpSaom) taMumif;taygif;onf tcsif;csif; pGr (omvQif) tusKd; d J DS w&m;wdYk ukd tnDtTwif;? wuGif; jzpfapwwf\/ xkYd aMumifvnf; odYk (y#dporkyg' f h [l) omoemawmf jrwfpmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrl (tyf)ayonf/ G csJY jytH?h t0dZmtpSonfukd acgif;wyfojzifh (acgif;wyf) Tejf ytyfaom taMumif;wdYk wif tMuif d G taMumif;wkYd onf ocFg&tpSaom tusKd;w&m;udk jzpfapwwfue\/ xkd jzpfapwwfaom taMumif;wkYd onf d k f tcsif;csif; csKdYwjhJ cif;Svwfaomf (taMumif;t*Fg rpHvifvwfaomf) jzpfap&ef rpGr;EdiMf uaomaMumifh tcsif;csif;udk d k f k rpGrrum; rjzpfapEdiue/ xkYd aMumifh t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;taygif;onf (tcsif;csif;ud) pGr tusKd; J DS l k f k f d k J DS w&m;wkYd ukd wpdwwa'orQom r[kwr tnDtTwvnf; (jzpfapwwf\)? aS;aemufusonf\ tjzpfjzifh f f l f r[kwrwuG (waygif;wnf; wydieuf)vnf; jzpfapwwf\/ xkYd aMumifh rSeuefaom teuf (y&rw)odYk tpOf f l f f vduaom trnfa0g[& uRrf;usifawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m;onf omoemawmf odYk a[mawmfrtyf\? k f l G l ]]y#dporkyg'f [lomvQif a[mawmfrltyfonf}}-um; ]]{0H bmodwm-odYk a[mawmfrtyf\}}-[laom l pum;\ qdv&if; teufjzpfonf/ k kd 580/ tusKd;um; odYk a[mawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m;onf .... l G (y#dp-[laom) aSYy'jf zifh ow0g' ponfwYkd \ rSjd cif;udk (jyawmfrtyf\)/ k l (orkyg'-[laom) aemufy'jf zifh Oap'0g' ponfwYdkukd zsuq;y,fazsmufjcif;udk (jyawmf k f D
rltyf\)/ (y#dporkyg'-[laom) ESpy'taygif;jzifh rZdry#dy'g tusifukd jyawmfr(tyf)\/ f k f h l aSYy'jf zifh [l&m (odYk odtyf\?) taMumif;wdYk \ nDwjf cif;udjk yaom y#dp-yk'jf zifh rjywfjzpfaom 0#f k T oH;yg; w&m;wkYd \ taMumif; nDwjf cif; (ESi) pyfaom jzpfjcif; SaomaMumifh ow0g' ta[wk0g' k T hf d 0dora[wk0g' 0o0wd0g' tjym;Sueaom ow0g'ponfwYdk \ rSjd cif;udk jyawmfrl (tyf)\/ rSeay\? d k f f ow0g'wkYd tm;aomfif;? ta[wk (taMumif;rS) ponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom 0g'wkYd tm;aomfif; d f taMumif;wkYd \ nDwjf cif;jzifh tb,ftusdK;Stenf;? odYk odtyf\/ aemufy'jf zifh [l&m (odYk odtyf\?) GT d hH k (ocFg& tpSaom tusKd;) w&m;wdYk \ jzpfay:jcif;udk jywwfaom orkyg'yk'jf zifh taMumif;wdYk \ nDwjf cif; d T Sdvwfaomf tusKd;w&m;wkYd \ jzpfjcif;aMumifh Oap'0g' ewdu0g' tud&d,0g' wkYd ukd zsufq; y,fazsmuf D tyfue\/ xkYd aMumifh Oap'0g'ponf zsufq;y,fazsmufjcif;udk jyawmfrl (tyf)\/ rSeay\? aS;aS;taMumif;\ k f D f tpGr;tm;jzifh tusKd;w&m;wdYk onf tzefzeftxyfxyf jzpfaeukevwfaomf jywfpjJ cif;onfif;? 0g? Oap'0g' f f onfif;? ewu0g' tud&,0g'wkYd onfif; tb,frm jzpfEiMf uyg tHenf;? odYk odtyf\/ ESpy'f taygif;jzifh d d S kd h f k [l&m (odYk odtyf\?) tvH;pHaom y#dporkyg'- [laom o'gjzifh xdxkd taMumif;wdYk \ nDwjf cif; k k k T Svwfaomf taMumif;tusKd;tpOfukd rjywfaprl xdxtusKd;w&m;wdYk \ jzpfoifjh cif;aMumifh (1) rZdry#dy'gac: d k kd tv,fvrf;tusifh (2) ]]xdcpm;&rnfh olyif yonf? xdk yolyif cHpm;onf ([lif;)? wyg;aom olu yonf? k H wyg;aomolu cHpm;onf [lif;}} (jzpfaom) 0g'udk y,fjcif; (3) rde;r a,musm; paom e,fy,f t&yfo; f f kH pum; NrJNrHpm ESv;roGi;jcif; (4) avmuoH; trnf ynwfukd rausmvejf cif; (ry,fjcif;) [laom odoifh G kH f k f G odxuaom tusihvrf;rSeukd jyawmfrl (tyf)\/ onfum; aS;OD;pGm y#dporkyg' - [laom o'grQ\ teuf kd f f f aywnf;/
y#dporkyg'f teuftzGifhcJ,Of;yHk
581/ xdrwyg;aom teufum; y#dporkyg'fukd a[mawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]t0dZmyp,m k S l G ocFg&m}} odYk tpSaomenf;jzifh pum;tpOf ygVdawmfukd csxm;awmfrc\/ xdk y#dporkyg'f ygVdawmf\ teuf d l hJ tzGiukd yvkaom q&monf cGjJ crf;a0bef qdavhaom yk*Kd vftaygif;odYk ? 0g? cGjJ crf;a0bef qdavhaom hf d k dS k dS jrwfpmbk&m;\ wynfy&dowfoYkd ouf0ifNyD;vQif q&mwdYk ukd rpGyponf jzpfif;? omoe"rwnf;[laom G h f JG rdrt,lu?kd 0g? r[m0d[m&0goD *dP;om;wkYd \ 0g'wnf;[laom rdrt,lukd rausmfveonfjzpfif;? omoem d k f d G f ywdwwnf;[laom olwyg;wdYk \ t,lu?kd 0g? tb,*d&*P;om; paom olwyg;wkYd \t,lukd tjypfwifaom d d kd f tm;jzifh aMumifMh urpduonfjzpfif;? okwygVdukd ry,fjrpf rxdcuaponfjzpfif;? 0denf;udk avsmaponf k f f kd f f jzpfif;? r[mya'o av;yg;wdYk ukd Munfonf jzpfif;? (y#dporkyg'f) ygVdukd jyonfjzpfif;? (xdygVd\) h k teufukd aumif;pGm,laponf jzpfif;? xdteufuyif wzefvnfapum (ajymif;vJ) wyg;aom y&d,m,fwYdk jzifh k kd Tejf yonfjzpfif; y#dporkyg'f\ teuftzGiukd ytyfayonf/ rQom r[kwao;? y#dporkyg'f\ teuf hf f tzGionf yifu&if;oabmtm;jzifvnf; yEdiconfomvQif jzpfayonf/ aS;q&mwdYk tb,foYkd qdcMhJ uoenf; hf kd h k f J k [lr l (1) opmav;yg;? (2) ow0g? (3) y#doaE? (4) y#dporkyg'f [laom () w&m; av;yg;wkYd ukd jrifEicue\? a[majymjcif;iSgvnf; tvGew&m yEdicue\-[k qdcMhJ u kd f J k f f k f J k f k avonf/ xdk (odYk y#dporkyg'f\ teuftzGiukd jyqdcaom enf;jzifh ytyfonf\ tjzpf? y&efvnf; cJ,Of;onf\ hf k hJ tjzpf)aMumifh ygVdawmf [laom tm*HEihf r*fzv[aom t"d*rodYk a&mufNyD; yk*Kd vfwYdk rS wyg;olqvQif k S dk f l kd y#dporkyg'f\ teuftzGiukd y&ef rvG,uay-[k EIi;cseNf yD;vQi hf f l d f d f
y#dnmESifh Oa,smZOf
154 y#dporkyg'f\tzGiukd ,ck qkvaom igonf ork'&modYk oufqif;rdaom oluoYkd axmufwnf hf d dk hJ &mudk r&Ediay/ k f odYk aomfvnf; txl;xl;aom enf;wkYd jzifh wefqmqiftyfaom (ygVda'oemw&m;awmf wnf;[laom) omoemawmfonfif;? (y#dporkyg'f\ tzGit|uxm [laom) aS; hf q&mwkYd \ ydYk cspOfpum;onfif; tqufrjywf rl jzpfvsuf wnf\/ dS xdYk aMumifh xdEpyg;udk aumif;pGmrS y#dporkyg'f\ teuftzGiukd tm;xkwf ypk k S f D hf aytH?h xdk teuftzGiukd aumif;pGm pdwuxm;ukevsuf? 0g? wnfMunfaom pdwuevsuf hf f kd f f dS k f em,l avhvmMuyg ukeavmh/ f wduwe;oifaypG? aS;q&mwdYk onf -k f G f h ]]wpHwa,mufaomolonf y#dporkyg'fukd pD;yGg;ozG,f tktaoy? 0g? tkd;pGJ ouJhodkY k d NrJNrHatmif y em,ljim;th?H xdoonf aS;um;vxuf aemufumv jzpfaom txl;udk k l &ay&m\? aS;umvxuf aemufumv jzpfaom txl;udk &NyD;vQif aorif;\ rjrif&m edAmefoYkd a&mufEiay&m\}}[k rdeYf qtyfchJ ay\/ kd f kd 582/ (t&m wd yd[efSd\) tm;xkwf ypkaytH[k 0efcconftwdi; csJY jytH?h t0dZmyp,m k h H hJ h k f ocFg&m-tpSonfwYdk tprSyifvQif aS;OD;pGm -d a'oemtxl; tjym;tm;jzifif;? teufvuPm ponf {u0d" ponftm;jzifif;? h h t*FgwkYd ukd ydi;jcm;owfrwtm;jzifif; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k f S f h k
a'oemtjym;
xdk *gxm0,f a'oemtxl;tjym;tm;jzif-[l&m tus,um;-EG,ukd aqmif,ueaom a,musm; h f f l k f f av;a,mufwYdk \ EG,ukd ,ljcif;uJoYkd tprSaomfif;? tv,fraomfif; p tqH;wdiatmif (a[mjcif;)? tqH;rS f h S k k f k aomfif;? tv,fraomfif; p tpwkiatmif (a[mjcif;) [l jrwfpmbk&m;\ y#dporkyg'f a'oemonf S d f G av;yg;tjym;Sd\/ csJY jyOD;tH?h EG,ukd aqmif,aom a,musfm;av;a,mufwYdk wif wa,mufonf EG,\ tjrpft&if;udk f l G f omvQif aS;OD;pGm jrif\? xdoonf xdk EG,ukd tjrpft&if; jzwf tvH;pHukd qGiifvsuf ,lNyD;vQif trIup k l f k k J d xnfyvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]&[ef;wdYk ? qdconfh twdi;yif t0dZm[laom taMumif; h f h G k hJ k f aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMu\/ y/ b0topf jzpfr[aom taMumif;aMumifh tkjd cif; aojcif; jzpf\}}[k tprSp I l tqH;wdiatmifvnf; y#dporkyg'fukd a[mawmfr\/ k k f l xdrwyg; xk(qdcaom) a,musfm;wkYd wif wa,mufonf EG,\ tv,fyi;udk aS;OD;pGmjrif\? xkoonf k S d k hJ G f kd f d l (xdE,u) tv,f jzwf txufyi; (tzsm;ydi;) tzdYk uomvQif qGiifvsuf ,lNyD;vQif trIup xnf k G f kd kd f k f kd J d h yvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]cHpm;rI a0'emudk 0rf;ajrmufvsuf ESpoufaom cs;rGr;ajymqkaom f h G f D f d rsKdoi; odr;yduvsuf wnfaom 155 xdy*Kd vftm; ESpoufjcif;onfjzpf\? cHpm;rIwYdk jzpfaom xdEpoufjcif; G f f k f k k f k S f onf pGvrf;rI (Oyg'gef) yifwnf;? pGvrf;rI[aom taMumif;aMumifh xdk oltm; jzpfaMumif;uH (b0) onfjzpf\? J J l jzpfaMumif;uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh b0topf jzpfay:rI (Zmwd)onf jzpf\}} okdY ponfjzifh tv,frS p l tqH;wdiatmifvnf; a[mawmfr\/ k k f l xkYd jyif xkd (qdcaom) a,musm;wkYd wif wa,mufonf EG,\ tzsm;udk aS;OD;pGm jrif\/ xdoonf (xdk k hJ f G f k l EG,u) tzsm; udi tzsm;rS tpOfavQmufojzifh EG,&if;wkiatmif tvH;pHukd ,lNyD;vQif trIup xnf f kd k f f d f k k d h yvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]b0topf jzpfay:rI[aom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpf\ f h G l
[l odYk vQif pum;udk (igbk&m;) a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ &[ef;wkYd ? b0topf jzpfay:rI[aom taMumif; l l aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpfavoavm odYk r[kwf rjzpfavoavm t&m oifwYdk rm tb,foYkd jzpfoenf; S (xifoenf;)[k ar;awmfr\/ tSib&m;? b0topf jzpfay:rI[aom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpfyg l f k l onf? t&m wynfawmfwYkdrm b0topf jzpfay:rI[aom taMumif;aMumifh tdjk cif; aojcif; jzpf\-[l odkY h S l omvQif jzpfygonf (xifygonf) bk&m;[k avQmufxm;Muuke\/ jzpfaMumif;uH (b0) [laom taMumif;aMumifh f b0topf jzpfay:rI jzpf\/ y/ t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfue\[l odYk vQif pum;udk k f (igbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ &[ef;wkYd ? t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wdYk jzpfMuavoavmodYk r[kwf rjzpfMuavoavm t&m oifwYdk rm tb,foYkd jzpfoenf;[k ar;awmfr\}}? odYk tqH;rSp tpwdiatmif S l k k f vnf; y#dporkyg'fukd a[mawmfr\/ l xkYd jyif xdk (qdcaom) a,musm;wkYd wif wa,mufonf EG,\ tv,fuomvQif aS;OD;pGm jrif\/ xkd k hJ f G f kd olonf (xdE,u) tv,f jzwf atmufoYkd (t&if;zufoYkd ) oufvsuf EG,&if;wdiatmif ,lNyD;vQif trIup k G f kd f k f d xnfyvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]&[ef;wkYd ? av;yg;aom tm[m&wkYd onf tb,fvQif h f h G taMumif; Sueoenf; tb,fvQif jzpfaMumif; Sueoenf; tb,fvQif jzpf&if; Sueoenf; tb,fvQif d k f d k f d k f trGetp Sueoenf; av;yg;aom tm[mwkYd onf wyfruf jcif;vQif taMumif; Sue\? wyfrufjcif;vQif f d k f d k f jzpfaMumif; Sue\? wyfrufjcif;vQif jzpf&if; Sue\? wyfruf jcif;vQif trGetpSue\/ wyfrufjcif;onf d k f d k f f d k f tb,fvQif taMumif; Soenf; ---/ cHpm;rIonf ---/ tmkHudk awGYronf ---/ tm,we 6-yg;onf ---/ d I emrfyonf --/ b0opf 0dnmPfonf --/ ocFg&wkYd onf tb,fvQiftaMumif; Sueoenf;/y/ ocFg&wkYd onf k f d k f t0dZmvQif taMumif; Sue\/ y/ t0dZmvQif trGeftp Sdukef\}} odkY tv,frSp\ p tpwdiatmifvnf; d k f k f a[mawmfr\/ l 583/ tb,faMumifh odYk av;yg;tjym;tm;jzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf) oenf;[k ar;jim;tH?h y#dp orkyg'f\ xuf0ef;usif (tvH;pH) aumif;onf\ tjzpfaMumif;if;? ud,awmfwivnf; a'oemawmfukd wifw,fapEdiaom k k k f dk f h k f PfoYkd a&mufawmfronf\ tjzpfaMumifif; (a[mawmfronf[k ajzqktyf\)/ csJY jyOD;tH?h y#dporkyg'fonf l h l d xuf0ef;usif aumif;ygay\/ (xkoYkd aumif;aomaMumifyif xdav;yg;aom a'oem xJu wyg;yg;aom) xdxdk d h k k a'oemrS (tpOfavQmuf) t&d,r*fukd xd;xGi; odjcif;iSg? 0g? y#dporkyg'fw&m;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;iSg k f k f jzpfonfomvQifwnf;/ (xkYd jyif) jrwfpmbk&m; onf av;yg;aom a0om&ZPf --- av;yg;aom y#dor'gPf G d wkYd Eihf ,SOjf cif;aMumifif;? av;yg;tjym; Saom eufeonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufjcif;aMumifif; a'oemawmfukd S h d J h wifw,fapEdiaom Pfuvnf; a&mufawmfrl &awmfr\? a'oemawmfukd wifw,fapEkiaom Pfukd &awmf h k f kd l h d f rlonf\ tjzpfaMumifh xdk jrwfpmbk&m;onf txl;xl;aom enf;wkYd jzifomvQif w&m; awmfukd a[mawmfr\/ G h l txl;tm;jzifrum; xkd jrwfpmbk&m;\ (0g? xdy#dporkyg'fu) tprSp tEkvtm;jzifh a[maom h l G k kd kH a'oemonf (oHo&m0#f) rjywfjzpfjcif;\ taMumif;udk cGjJ crf;jcif; awGa0aom (rcGjJ crf;EdiyJ Saeaom) ow0g k f d taygif;udk jrifawmrlonf jzpf (jrifawmfrojzif) rdrwYkd\ Opm jzpfueaom (tusK;w&m;[laom rdrwYkdEihf l h d k f d d S oufqiueaom) t0dZmtpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh (ocFg&tpSaom oHo&m0#f\) rjywfjzpfjcif;udk jyjcif; kd f k f d d tusKd;iSgif;? jzpfpOfukd jyjcif;tusKd;iSgif; (a[maom a'oem) jzpfayonf[k odtyf\/ tqH;rSp y#dvtm;jzifh k kH a[maom a'oemonf ]] ow0gtaygif;onf yifyef;qif;&Jjcif;odYk 156 a&muf&Smacsonf wum;? y#doaE vnf; ae&Sm \? tdkvnf; tdk&Sm\? aovnf; ao&Sm\? tzefwvJvJ pkawvnf; pkaw&Sm\? tzefwvJvJ jzpfvnf; jzpf&Sm\}} okYd tpSaom enf;jzifh yifyef; qif;&Jjcif;odYk a&mufaom owavmuudk tpOfvuum d kd f Munfawmfronfjzpf (Munfawmfrojzif) bk&m;rjzpfrD aS;tzdYk jzpfcaom y#da0" (0dyem)PfoYkd tpOf h I l h I l h hJ avQmufojzifh tdjk cif; aojcif; tpSaom xdxqif;&J\ ud,awmfwif odcaom (b0topf jzpfjcif; tpSaom) d k kd k f dk hJ d taMumif;udk jyawmfrjl cif; tusK;iSg (a[maom a'oemjzpfayonf[k odtyf d \)/ tv,frSp tpwkdifatmif jzpfaom a'oemonf tm[m&wkYd \ taMumif;udk ydi;jcm;jcif;odYk tpOfavQmufojzifh (t0dZmocFg& [laom) k f twdwt"GeYf wiatmif ausmfvevsuf aqmifNyD;vQif wzef twdwt"GeYf rS p taMumif;tusKd; tpOfukd jyjcif; f kd f G f f tusKd;iSg (a[maom a'oem jzpfayonf[k odtyf\)/ tb,frp tqH;wkiatmif jzpfaom a'oemonf S k d f ypKyef t"Gef Y tem*wf t"GeYf (b0)\ taMumif;w&m;wkYd jzpfay:onfrp tem*wf t"GeYf ukd jyjcif; tusKd;iSg S (a[maom a'oem jzpfayonf[k odtyf\)/ xkav;yg;aom a'oemwkYd wif 0#fqif;&Jjzpfjcif;\ taMumif; d G vGepm awGa0aom a0ae,s ow0gtaygif;tm; rdrwYkd Eiqiaom t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh (ocFg& f G d S hf kd f d tpSaom w&m;wkYd \) rjywfjzpfjcif;udk jyjcif; tusKd;iSgif;? jzpfpOfukd jyjcif; tusKd;iSgif; tprS p tEkavmr d
10
a'oemudk a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf? xdtEkavmr a'oemudk ynmblrea'o (zGijhf y&ef rl&if; tjzpfjzif) k d d h csxm;tyfcJhonf [l odtyf\/
t0dZmudktpxm; a[mjcif;taMumif;
584/ ar;cGe;oGi; Si;jyOD;tH?h y#dporkyg'f a'oem t0dZmudk tb,faMumifh vufO;tp f f f D a[mawmfrl (tyf) ygoenf; yuwd0g'Saom yk*Kd vfwYdk \ yuwduoYkd t0dZmonfvnf; taMumif;uif; d hJ avoavm avmu\taMumif;&if; jzpfavoavm um; tar;aywnf;/ taMumif; uif;onf r[kwyg? f rSeay\? ]]tmo0jzpfay:jcif;aMumifh t0dZm jzpfay:onf}}[k t0dZm\ taMumif;udk (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl f G (tyf) ayonf/ odYk aomfvnf; rlvtaMumif; jzpfEiaom taMumif;y&d,m,fum; Say\? xdtaMumif;y&d,m,f kd f d k um; tb,fenf;[lr 0#fukd a[maompum; (0uxm)\ OD;acgif;tjzpf aywnf;/ l rSeay\? jrwfpmbk&m;onf 0uxmudk a[mawmfronf Saomf ESpyg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd OD;acgif;y f G l d f a[mawmfr\? t0dZmudrvnf; (OD;acgif;y a[mawmfr\)/ a[mawmfrlyHkum; .... l k l l ]]&[ef;wdYk ? umvrS aS; t0dZmonf tjzpfchJ rScao;? xdraemuf p jzpfvm d hJ k S cJonf-[k (qdz,&m) t0dZm\ aS;jzpfaom tpGe;onf rxifay? &[ef;wkYd ? twdi;yif h k G f f k f pum;udk (igbk&m;) a[mqk(tyf)ayonf/ xkoYkd a[mqkaomfvnf; t0dZm\taMumif; d d d (tmo0)aMumifh t0dZm (jzpfay:onf[k t0dZm\ taMumif;onf) xifao;\}}[lyifwnf;/ b0PSmudrvnf; (OD;acgif;y a[mawmfr\)/ a[mawmfrlyHkum; .... k l l ]]&[ef;wkYd ? umvrS aS; b0wPSmonf rjzpfchJ rScao;? xdrS aemufp d hJ k jzpfvmcJonf[k (qdz,&m) b0wPSm\ aS;jzpfaom tpGe;onf rxifay? &[ef;wkYd ? h k G f f twdi;yif pum;udk (igbk&m;) a[mqdk (tyf) ayonf/ xkoYkd a[mqdaomfvnf; k f d dk b0wPSm\ taMumif; (a0'em)aMumifh b0wPSm (jzpfay:onf[k b0wPSm\ taMumif; onf) xifao;\}} [l yifwnf;/ 585/ jrwfpmbk&m;onf 0uxmudk a[mawmfronf Saomf tb,faMumifh w&m; ESpyg;wdYk ukd G l d f OD;acgif;y a[mawmfroenf;[lr ok*wd 'k*woYdk a&mufapwwfaom ukovuH tukovu\ xl;aom l l d kd f kd f H taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh (a[mawmfrayonf)/ csJY jyOD;tH?h t0dZmonf 'k*woYkd a&mufapwwfaom tukovf l d kd uH\ xl;aomtaMumif; (jzpfonf)/ tb,faMumifenf; t0dZm vTr;rd; ESypuf tyfonfjzpf? 0g? t0dZm h f k d f vTr;rd;ESypufc&aom ykxZOfy*Kd vfonf rD;yljzifh tuifc&jcif; aqmufywjf zifh tkuEuf cH&jcif;wdYk aMumifh f k d f H k k H k d f S jzpfaom yifyef;qif;&Jjcif;wkYd jzifh ESypuftyfaom (tESypuf cH&aom) towfc&rnfh EGm;ronf xdyifyef;jcif;u d f d f H k ESypuf(tyf) aomaMumifh om,mzG,f rSonfjh yif rdr\tusKd;rJuvnf; aqmifwwfapumrl 157 a&aEG;yl d f d d h kd aomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkybd ouJoYkd xdYk twl udavomylyefjcif; SaomaMumif?h 0g? udavomjzifh ylavmif f h d jcif;aMumifh om,mzG,rSonfjh yif 'k*woYkd a&mufapwwfaomaMumifh rdr\ tusKd;rJuvnf; aqmifwwf f d d d h kd apumrl olYtoufukd owfjcif; tpSaom 'k*woYkd a&mufapwwfaom uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\/ xdYk jyif d d f b0wPSmonf ok*wdoYkd a&mufapwwfaom uH\xl;aom taMumif; (jzpfonf)/ tb,faMumifenf; b0 h wPSm ESypuf(tyf)aom ykxZOfy*Kd vfonf jyqdcaom xdEm;ronf a&at;udk qmavmifawmifwojzifh d f k k k hJ k G h om,mzG,f Sonfjh yif rdr\yifyef;qif;&Jjcif;udvnf; y,fazsmufwwfaom a&at;aomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkyf d d k ouJoYkd udavom tyluif;jcif;aMumifh om,mzG,onfjh yif ok*wdoYkd a&mufapwwfaomaMumifh rdr\ 'k*wd h f dS d qif;&J[aom yifyef;jcif;udvnf; y,fazsmufwwfaom olYtoufowfrrS aSmifMuOfjcif; tpSaom ok*wdoYkd l k I d a&mufapwwfaom uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\/ f 586/ xkrwyg; 0uxm\OD;acgif;jzpfaom xdk (t0dZmESihf wPSm [laom) w&m; 2-yg; wkYd wif tcsKdY d S G okw jrwfpmbk&m;onf wckaom w&m;vQif rlvSaom a'oemudk a[mawmfr\? a'oemonf tb,f f G d l enf;[lr ]]&[ef;wdYk ? odYk qvQif ocFg&wdYk onf t0dZmvQif taMumif;Sue\/ b0opf 0dyguf 0dnmPfonf l dk d k f ocFg&vQif taMumif;S\}} odYk tpSaom a'oemonfif;? xkYd jyif ]]&[ef;wdYk ? Oyg'gef\ tmkjH zpfueaom d d k f w&m;wkYd om,mzG,ukd Iavhonfjzpf aeaomoltm; wPSmonf wd;yGg;\/ wPSm[laom taMumif;aMumifh f dS k
11
Oyg'gef jzpf\}} odkY tpSdaom a'oemonfif; (jzpfayonf)/ tcsKdYokwf 2-yg;aom w&m;vQif rlvSaom d a'oemudvnf; (a[mawmfr\)/ a'oemonf tb,fenf;[lr ]]&[ef;wdYk ? t0dZm[laom tydwtqdYk k l l f Saom wPSmESi,Oaom olrutm; odYk (t0dZmu ydwqYkd xm;jcif;? wPSmESi,Ojf cif;aMumif) 0g? t0dZm d hf S f kd f f hf S h wPSm[laom w&m; 2-yg;aMumifh (cEmig;yg;[laom? 0g? tm,we 6-yg;[laom) um,onf jzpfay:vm\/ odYk (cEmig;yg; [laom? 0g? tm,we 6-yg; [laom) rdroEmef jzpfaom um,onfif;? tjyify d olwyg;oEmefSaom emrfyonfif;? odYk aom tjym;jzifh (rdroEmef jzpfaom um,ESihf tjyifyoEe d k f d f Saom emrfy[aom) twGi;tjyifw&m; 2-yg;taygif;onf 'G, (ESpctaygif; wpH) rnf\/ twGif; d k f l f f k k tjyif w&m;wpHup zjzpfay:\/ z\ taMumif;wkdYonf 6-yg;wkdYomvQifwnf;/ ,if; tm,we 6-yg; k kd JG wkYd aMumifh (jzpfay:aom zjzif) awGYxonfjzpf olruonf csrf;om qif;&Jukd cHpm;&\}} odkY tpSdaom h d kd f a'oemyifwnf;/ xda'oemwkYd wif ]]t0dZm[laom taMumifaMumifh ocFg&wdYk jzpfue\}}[laom a'oemonf k G h k f ynmblrea'o t0dZm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wckaom w&m;vQif rlvSaom a'oemaywnf;-[k odtyf\/ d d f d qkconftwdi; y#dporkyg'fukd jy&m aS;OD;pGm a'oem tjym;tm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ d hJ h k f k
t0dZmponfwkdY\teuf
587/ teuftm;jzif[onfum; t0dZmtpSaom yk'wYdk \teuftm;jzif/ teuf[onf tb,fenf; h l d f h l jynhapjcif;-qnf;yl;jcif;iSg roifaomteuf oabmaMumifh um,'kpkuf tpSonfonf t0dE,rnf\? ]]r&oifh f h d d d r&xkuaomtrI}}-um; t0dE,-\ teufaywnf;/ xdk r&oifh r&xduaom trIukd &wwfaomaMumifh t0dZm d f d k f rnf\/ xdrS jyefaomtm;jzifh um,okpkuf tpSonfonf 0dE, rnf\? xd&oifh &xduaom trIukd r&wwf k d d d k k f aomaMumifh t0dZm rnf\/ cEmwkYd \ tpk [laom teufoabmud?k tm,wewkYd \ jzpfapjcif; [laom teuf oabmud?k "mwfwYdk\ twowZ0rS qdwaom teufoabmud?k aÈwYdk\ tpd;&jcif; teuf oabmud?k opm D f k wkYd \ rSeaom teufoabmudk rodtyfonfukd ywwfaomaMumifvnf; t0dZm rnf\/ 'ku opm ponfwYdk \ f h ESypufjcif; ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh a[mtyfaom av;yg;tjym;Saom teufukd rodtyfonfukd ywwfaom d f f d aMumifvnf; t0dZm rnf\/ tqH;tydi;tjcm;uif;aom oHo&m tvH;pHaom a,med tvH;pHaom *wd h k k f k k k k tvH;pHaomb0 tvH;pHaom 0dnmP|dwd tvH;pHaom owm0gowkYd ow0gwkYd ukd ajy;oGm;apwwfaomaMumifh k k k k k k t0dZm rnf\/ y&rwtm;jzifh xifm; rSaom rde;ra,musfm; tpSaom ynwfwYdk oGm;wwf-jzpfwwf\? S d f d xifm;Sueaom cEm ponfwYdk vnf; roGm;wwf rjzpfwwf? xdaMumifvnf; t0dZm rnf\/ wenf;aomfum; S d k f k h 158 puK0dnmPf tpSdonfwkdY\ 0wKESihf tmkwYdk uif;? y#dporkyg'fw&m; y#dporkyef w&m;wdYk uif; zH;vTr; H kd kd k f wwfaomaMumifvnf; t0dZm rnf\/ h tMuiftaMumif;udk pGr tusKd;onf jzpf\? xdpr&m taMumif;onf yp, rnf\/ (xdk yp,-\ J DS k JG DS 0pew) (ywd-\tpm; y#dp-) pGr [l&m ]]ruif;rl rpGeYf r}} [laom teufukd (odtyf\)/ (t,-\tpm; J DS l {wd-) jzpf\-[l&m ]]jzpfvnf;jzpf\ rjywf jzpfvsuf wnfvnf; wnf\}} [laomteufukd (odtyf\)/ wenf;aomfum; aus;Zl;ywwfaom teufoabmonf yp,\teuf aywnf;/ xdtaMumif;oabmonf t0dZm k vnf;rnf yp,vnf; rnfaomaMumifh t0dZm yp, rnf\/ xdk t0dZm [laomtaMumif; (yp,)aMumif/ yjyif h tyfaom tusK;w&m;udk yjyifwwf ukeaomaMumihf ocFg&wdYk rnfue\/ wenf;aomfum; ocFg&wdYk onf (1) d f k f t0dZm [laomtaMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom ocFg&wdYk Eihf (2) ocFg&o'gjzifh vmaom (a[mxm;aom) ocFg&wdYk [ S l 2-yg; tjym;Sdukef\/ xdk 2-yg;wkYd wif oH;yg;ukeaom yknmbdocFg& tyknmbdocFg& tmaeOm bdocFg&wkYd Eihf G k f S oH;yg;ukeaom u,mocFg& 0pDocFg& pdwocFg&wkYd [lueaom 6-yg;wdYk onf t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh k f k f jzpfaom ocFg&wdYk rnfue\/ xdocFg&tvH;pHwYdk onfvnf; avmuDuovf apwem-tukovf apwemrQomvQif k f k k k k kd kd jzpfue\/ k f xdrwyg; (1) ocFwocFg& (2) tbdocFwocFg& (3) tbdocF&PuocFg& (4) ya,m*gbdocFg& k S [lukefaom 4-yg;wdYk onf ocFg&o'gjzifh vmaom ocFg&wkYd rnfue\/ xdk 4-yg;wdYk wif ]]tedpm0wocFg&m k f G -(ocFg&wdYk onf rNrJavukepwum;)}} odYk tpSaom ygVdwYdk a[mxm;tyfueaom tvH;pHvnf;jzpfueaom f G d k f k k k f taMumif;Saom w&m;wdYk onf ocFwocFg& rnfue\/ ]]uHaMumifh jzpfueaom bHo;yg; jzpfuef (twGi;0if d k f k f k kH k f uke)aom kyemrfw&m;wdYk onf tbdocFwocFg& rnfue\}}[l t|uxmwkYd qd(tyfue)\/ xdktbdocFw f f k f k k f ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; ]]tedpm0w ocFg&m}} [laom ygXfomvQif odr;,ltyfjcif;odYk a&mufue\/ ,if;tbd f k f ocFwocFg& wkYd \ vm&mXmeonfum; (ygVdawmf) toD;tjcm; rxifay/ bHo;yg;jzpfaom (twGi;0ifaom) k kH f
12
ukovf tukovapwemudum; tbdocF&PuocFg&-[k qdtyf\/ xdktbdocF&PuocFg&\vm&mXmeonf kd kd f k k ]]t0dZm*awm,H bdua0 yk&oyk*avm yknaO ocFg&H tbdocFa&mwd-(&[ef;wdYk t0dZmSaom a,musfm; d d yk*Kd vfonf yknrnfaom ocFg&udk tu,f yvkyjf im;tH) ]]odYk tpSaom ygVdwYkd xifay\/ ud, jzpfaom h d k f 0D&, pdwjzpfaom 0D&,udum; ya,m*gbdocFg&-[k qdtyf\/ xdk ya,m*gbd ocFg&onf ]],m0wdum d f d k k tbdocFg& *wd? wm0wdum *Em tum[wH ran t|mod-(vufjzifh wGe;vSrvujf cif;[laom tm;xkwr\ f d hf kd f I tSeoavmuf (vSn;bD;onf) vdrom;NyD;vQif (tSef uke&m) 0if;jzifh xd;vQKdxm;tyfbd ouJoYkd d f dS f hf G d f dk k h axmifvsuwnfaeav\)}} odkY tpSdaom ygVdwdkY vmay\/ f quf azmfjyOD;tH?h oufouf qkcaom ocFg&wkYd onfomvQif (ocFg&o'gjzifh vmaom ocFg&wdYk d hJ rnfMuonf) r[kwueao;? (pifppfaomfum;) ]]'g,um 0domc? rSwom;rI-onm cHpm;rI-a0'emwkYd \ csKyf&m f k f f (eda&m"ormywf)odYk 0ifa&mufaom &[ef;tm; 0dwuf 0dpm&[laom 0dpocFg&onf aS;OD;pGm csKyf\? xkYd aemifrS D 0ifouf xGuouf[aom um,ocFg&onf (csKyf\)? xkYd aemifrS onma0'em[laom pdwocFg&onf (csKyf\)/}} f l odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh ocFg&o'gjzifh vmukeaom tjcm;wyg;aom ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; rsm;pGm SMd uao;\/ d f xdocFg&wkYd wif ocFwocFg&wkYd jzifh odr;,l a&wGujf cif;odYk ra&mufaom (0g? rodr;,l ra&wGuEiaom) ocFg& k G f f f kd f rnfonf rSday/ (ocFg&o'g\ teufukd jyaompum;)rS aemuf ]]ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh b0opf 0dnmPf jzpfonf}} odYk tpSaom pum;&yfwYdk qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom (ocFg&\teuf yp,\teuf tpSaom) d k d teufukd qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ k h 159 xl;&mudk jyqdt?hH rqdtyfao;aom (0dnmP ponf \) teuf (odYk odtyf\)? (tmkHudk) k k odwwfaomaMumifh 0dnmPff rnf\/ (tmkqoYkd ) TwwwfaomaMumifh emrf rnf\/ azmufjyefwwfaomaMumifh H D f kyf rnf\/ (xdx'g&tmkwYkd ) jzpfwwfaom pdwapwoduwYkd ukd (xifm; ay:vmatmif) csJYwwf-us,jf yefY k kd G H f f S jzpfyg; apwwfaomaMumifif;? Snaom oHo&mqif;&Jukd aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwfaomaMumifif; tm,we G h f h rnf\/ (tmku) awGYxwwfaomaMumifh z rnf\/ cHpm;wwfaomaMumifh a0'em rnf\/ qmavmifwwf H kd d aomaMumifh wPSm rnf\/ pGvrf; wwfaomaMumifh Oyg'gef rnf\/ jzpfwwfaomaMumifif;? jzpfapwwfaom J h aMumifif; b0 rnf\/ jzpfjcif;onf Zmwd rnf\/ &ifa,mfjcif;-tdjk cif;onf Z&m rnf\/ aoaMumif; oabm h h jzpfaomaMumifh r&P rnf\/ pd;&dr-ylaqG;jcif;onf aomu rnf\/ ida<u;jrnf wrf;jcif;onf y&da'0 rnf\/ k f k qif;&JapwwfaomaMumifh 'ku rnf\? wenf;-Oyg'f-XDwYkd t& ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh wl;zd wwfaomaMumifh 'ku f rnf \/ ESv;romonf\tjzpf-(ESv;romjcif;)onf a'grernf\/ jyif;pGm pdwyifyef;jcif;onf Oyg,mo kH kH f rnf\/ (or0E) jzpfue\-[l&m jzpfay:uke\([k qdv\)/ or0E-jzpfue\-[laomyk'ukd aomud k f f k kd d k f f ponfwYdk Eihf omvQif pyf,Otyfonf r[kwf (ocFg&m-ocFg&wkYd onf-tpSueaom) tvH;pHaom (uwm;) yk'f S S f d k f k k wkYd Eivnf; pyf,Otyfay\/ tjypfum; odYk rpyf,Or ]]t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd onf}}[k S hf S f S f l (rQom) qd(tyf)ygrl (ocFg&wkYd onf) tb,fukd yukeoenf;[k rxifm;av&m/ or0E-jzpfue\-[l k f S d k f pyf,Oygrlum; ]]xdtaMumif; oabmonf t0dZmvnf;rnf yp,vnf; rnfaomaMumifh t0dZmyp,-t0dZm S f k [laom taMumif; rnf\? xdk t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd onf jzpfue\}}-[k taMumif;ESitusKd; k f hf ydi;jcm;owfrwjf cif;udk ytyfayonf (yjcif; udpN yD;ayonf)/ (ocFg&yp,m 0dnmPH-ocFg&[laom taMumif; k f S aMumifh 0dnmPfonf-tpSaom) tvH;pHaom yk'wYkd enf;yifwnf;/ d k k f {0H (yH-enf;jzif) [laom yk'onf jytyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;udejf y (aMumif;jzpf)aom yk'aywnf;/ xdk k h f k T f yk'jf zifh ]]t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifomvQif (jzpfue\)? &ac: bk&m;ocif\ zefqif;jcif; ponf d h k f wdYk aMumifh (jzpfMuonf) r[kw}f }[k jy\/ {w ()-[lonfum; qdtyfcwi;aom-qdtyfcorQaom/ k hJ kd f k hJ au0v-[lonfum; ra&mr,Suf oufoufaom? 0g? tvH;pHaom/ 'kuuE - [lonfum; qif;&J k k taygif;\ (jzpfjcif;omwnf;)? ow0g\ (jzpfjcif;) r[kw?f csr;om wifw,faomt&m ponfwYdk\ (jzpfjcif; f h vnf;) r[kw/ ork'a,m-[lonfum; jzpfjcif;wnf;/ a[mwd-[lonfum; (or0wd) jzpf\-([k qdv\)/ f k kd 4 qdconftwdi; y#dporkyg'f (ygVd) teuftm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\ / k hJ h k f k
0dok'dr*fjrefrmjyef (pwkwwGJ)
13
t0dZmponfwdkY\ vuPm&oponf
588/ vuPm ponftm;jzif-[lonfum; t0dZm ponfwYkd \ vuPm ponf tm;jzif/ vuPm h h ponfum; tb,fenf;[lr t0dZmonf rodjcif; vuPmS\? 0g? odaomPf\ qefYusizuf vuPmSd\5? l d f tvGeawGa0apjcif; udp\? (tmkH\ oabmrSeu) zH;vTr;aom oabm[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? tmo0vQif f dS f kd k f eD;aom taMumif; S\/ d ocFg&wkYd onf yjyifjcif; vuPm Sue\? tm;xkwjf cif; udpue\? aphaqmfwuwe;wwfaom d k f dS k f kd f G f w&m;[k Pftm; aS;Ixifukef\? t0dZmvQife;aomaMumif; Sue\/ D d k f 0dnmPfonf (tmku) txl;odjcif; vuPmS\? aSYom;jcif; udp\? (aS;b0ESihf aS;pdwEi)pyfaom H kd d G dS f S hf tm;jzifh Pftm; aS;Ixif\? ocFg&vQif eD;aomtaMumif;S\? wenf; 0wKESihf tmkvQif eD;aomtaMumif;S\/ d H d emrfonf (tmkqoYkd ) Twjf cif; vuPmSd\? tnDtTwf tjym;tm;jzifh ,SOjf cif; udp\? toD;toD; rcGjJ crf; H D dS tyfaom t&m[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? 0g? toD;toD;rjzpfaom ruGaom w&m;[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? J 0dnmPfvQif eD;aomtaMumif;S\/ d kyfonf azmufjyefjcif;vuPmS\? zkz&J BuJjcif; udp\? tAsmuww&m;[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? d d dS 0g? tmkHudk r,lwwf-rodwwfaom w&m;[k Pftm;aS;Ixif\? 0dnmPfvQif eD;aom taMumif;S\/ d tVm,we-tm,we 6-yg;onf (xdx'g&ESihf qdiaom w&m;wdYk ukd jzpfap&ef) tm;xkwjf cif;vuPm k kd G k f Sd\? jrifjcif;tpSaom udp\? wnf&m 0wKtjzpf jzpfaMumif; 'Gg&tjzpfjzifh Pftm; aS;Ixif\? emrfyvQif d dS k f eD;aomtaMumif;S\/ d zonf (tmku) awGYjcif; vuPmS\? wducujf cif; udp\? ('Gg&tmkH 0dnmPf [laom taMumif; H kd d k f kd dS oH;yg;wdYk \) aygif;qHraom tm;jzifh Pftm; aS;Ixif\? tm,we 6-yg;vQif eD;aom taMumif; S\/ k k d d a0'emonf (tmku) cHpm;jcif; vuPmS\? tmkH\t&omudk oH;aqmifjcif; udp\? csr;omESihf H kd d k dS f qif;&J taetm;jzifh Pftm;aS;Ixif\? zvQif eD;aomtaMumif;S\/ d wPSmonf 'ku\ taMumif;tjzpf[laom vuPmS\? ESpoufjcif; udp\? ra&mif&onf\tjzpfjzifh d f dS h J Pftm;aS;Ixif\? a0'emvQif eD;aomtaMumif;S\/ d 160 Oy'gefonf qkyuixm;jcif; vuPmS\? 0g? jyif;pGm pGvrf;jcif;vuPm S\? rvTwjf cif; udp f kd f d J d Sd\? NrJNrHaomwPSmESihf 'd|[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? wPSmvQif eD;aom taMumif;S\/ d d b0onf uHEiu\tusKd; tjzpf[aom vuPmS\? jzpfapjcif; jzpfjcif;udp S\? ukovf tukovf S hf H l d d kd kd ESihf tAsmuww&m;[k Pftm; aS;Ixif\? Oyg'gefvQif eD;aom taMumif;S\/ d Zmwd-ponfwYkd \ vuPmponfwYdk ukd opea'o qkd (tyf) cJNh yD;aom enf;jzifh omvQif odtyfue\? d k f qdconftwdi; y#dporkyg'f vuPm ponftm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k hJ h k f h k
14
{u0d"paomtjym;
589/ {u0d"- ponftm;jzif-[l&m (tus,fum;) t0dZmonf tnmP (rodwwfonf\)tjzpf h t'e (rjrifwwfonf\) tjzpf arm[ponf\ tjzpftm;jzifh wyg;wnf;om S\/ ty#ywt0dZm rdpmy#d d d d ywt0dZmtm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\? oocFg& tocFg&tm;jzifh (vnf;) xkdYtwl 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ okc 'ku d Oayum [laom a0'emoH;yg;ESihf ,SOaomtm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;Sd\/ opmav;yg;udk xd;xGi; rodaomtm;jzifh k f k f 4-yg; tjym;Sd\/ *wdig;yg;\ tjypfukd zH;vTr;aomtm;jzifh ig;yg;tjym;Sd\/ 'Gg&tmkHtm;jzifhrlum; tvHk;pHk k f vnf; jzpfueaom emrfw&m;wkYd 6-yg;tjym; Sdonf\ tjzpfukd odtyf\/ k f ocFg&wkYd onf omo0w&m;tjzpf 0dygu"r"rtjzpf ponftm;jzifh wyg;wnf;om S\/ ukovEihf d kd f S tukovtm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sdukef\/ y&dw (umr) w&m;ESihf r[*Kwfw&m;? [De (t,kwtnH) w&m;ESihf kd f f h rZr (tv,ftvwf) w&m;? rdpwe,ww&m;ESihf ted,ww&m; wdkYt& tm;jzifh xdkYtwl 2-yg; (pD) tjym;Suef d d d k \/ yknmbdocFg& ponftm;jzifh oH;yg;tjym;Sue\/ a,medav;yg;wdYk ukd jzpfapwwfaomtm;jzifh av;yg;tjym; k d k f Sdukef\/ *wd ig;yg;wkYd ukd a&mufapwwfaom tm;jzifh ig;yg;tjym; Sue\/ d k f 0dnmPfonf avmuD0yguf 0dnmPfponftjzpf tm;jzif?h 0g? avmuDtjzpf 0dyguf ponf tjzpftm;jzifh d wyg;wnf;omSd\/ [dwfSdESifh [dwfrSd ponftm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ b0oHk;yg; tusKH;0ifaom tm;jzifif;? h a0'emoH;yg;ESihf ,SOaomtm;jzifif;? t[dwf 'G[wf wd[wtm;jzifif; oH;yg;tjym;S\/ a,medav;yg;ESihf k f h d d d f h k d *wdig;yg;wdYk tvdtm;jzifh 4-yg;tjym;Sd\? ig;yg;tjym;vnf;Sd\/ k emrfyonf 0dnmPfvQif rS&mSaomtm;jzifif;? uHvQiftaMumif;Saom tm;jzifif; wyg;wnf;om S\? k f D d h d h d tmkukd ,lwwfonf\ tjzpfEihf r,lwwfonf\ tjzpftm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ twdwf tpSdaom tm;jzifh H S oHk;yg;tjym;Sd\/ a,medEihf *wdwYdk \tvdtm;jzifh av;yg;tjym;vnf;S\? ig;yg;tjym;vnf;Sd\/ S k d oVm,weonf pdwapwoduwYdk\ jzpf&mt&yf pka0;&m wnf&m t&yftm;jzifh wyg;wnf;om S\? f f d blwkywYkd ukd Munfvifaponf\ tjzpfEihf 0dnmPf\tjzpf ponftm;jzifh 2-yg;tjym; Sd\/ a&mufaomtmkH f S ra&mufaomtmkH ESpfyg;tpHk r[kwfaom tmkHSdonf\ tjzpftm;jzifh oHk;yg; tjym;Sd\/ a,med 4-yg;ESihf *wd oH;yg;wkYd tusKH;0ifaomtm;jzifh av;yg;tjym;vnf; S\? ig;yg; tjym;vnf;Sd\? odYk enfjzifh z k d tpSdonfwkdY\vnf; {u0d" ponf\tjzpfukd odtyf\/ qdconftwdi; y#dporkyg'f {u0d" ponf k hJ h k f tm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k
t*FgwkdYudkykdif;jcm;jcif;
590/ t*FgwdYk ukd ydi;jcm;owfrwjf cif;tm;jzifh [l&m (tus,fum;) y#dporkyg'f (aomu) pd;&drf k f S k ylaqG;jcif; ponfwYdkukd b0puf\ rjywfpjJ cif;udk jyjcif;tusK;iSg a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ rSeay\? tdjk cif; d k f f aojcif;u ESypuf(tyf)aom olrutm; xdp;&drjf cif;ponfwYdk jzpfue\/ 161 (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; d f kd f k kd k f G l kH .... ]]&[ef;wdYk tMum;tjrifrSaom ykxZOfy*Kd vfonf qif;&Jaom cHpm;rIu awGYxd d k k ESypuf (tyf)onf Saomf pd;&dr\ yifyef;\ ida<u;\ &ifukd xkvsuf jrnfwrf;\ jyif;pGm d f d k f k awGa0 jcif;odYk a&muf\}} [lyifwnf;/ xdp;&drjf cif;ponfwYdk\ jzpfjcif;SaeorQ umvywfv;vnf; t0dZm\ jzpfjcif; SaomaMumifh wzefvnf; k kd d kH d ]]t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfue\}} [laom b0pufonf tqufrjywf qufpyfjyefawmhonf k f omwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh xdk pd;&drjf cif; ponfwYdk \ (tvTm tzdYk u) tkjd cif; aojcif;ESihf omvQif wlaom? 0g? wck k kd wnf;aom tvTmtzdYk y y#dporkyg'f t*FgwdYk ukd wq,fEpyg;wkYd [ omvQif odtyfue\? qdconftwdi; h S f l k f k hJ h k f y#dporkyg'f t*FgwkYd ukd ydi;jcm; owfrwjf cif;tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k f S h k onfum; y#dporkyg'f aS;OD;pGm tusOf;csKyfpum;aywnf;/
15
t0dZmyp,mocFg&m-yk'fjyqdkcsuf
591/ qkvwHonfum; tus,fjyaomenf;jzpfayonf/ t0dZm [lonfrm okwef enf;tm;jzifh 'kutp d h S Saom av;XmewkYd rodjcif;yifwnf;/ tbd"rmenf;tm;jzifh ykAE ponfwYdk EiwuG SpXmewkYd (rodjcif;yif d S hf f wnf;)/ rSeay\/ f ]]xdk y#dporkyg'f t0dZm [lonf tb,fenf; 'ku rodjcif;onfif;/ y/ 'ku\ csKyf&m edAmefoYkd a&mufaMumif; tus,f rodjcif;onfif;? aS;tzdYk rodjcif;onfif;? aemuftzdYk (rodjcif;onfif;)? aS;tzdYk aemuftzdYk (rodjcif;onfif;)? 'yp,wmac: taMumif;w&m;ESihf y#dporkyeac: tusKd;w&m;wkYd rodjcif;onfif; (t0dZm rnf\)}}[k f pum;udk (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/ G xdkSpfyg;aom XmewkdYwGif avmukw&mopm 2-yg;udk csefxm; <uif;aom 6-XmewkYd tmkH (yonf)\ tpGr;tm;jzifvnf; t0dZmonf jzpfay\/ odYk yif jzpfjim;aomfvnf; zH;vTr;onf\ tpGr;\ tm;jzifomvQif f h k f f h ('ku rodjcif; tpSaom) a'oem pum;&yf tvdkSdtyf\/ rSeay\? xdk t0dZmonf jzpfvwfaomf 'kuopm d f udk zH;vTr; wnf\? [kwreaom rdr\ yifu&if; oabmvuPmudk xd;xGi; odjcif;iSg (tcGi) ray;? xkYd k f f S f d kd k f hf twl ork',opmud?k eda&m"opmud?k r*opmud?k aS;tzdYk [k qdtyfaom twdwcEm ig;yg; taygif;ud?k aemuf k f tzdYk [k qdtyfaom tem*wfcEm ig;yg;taygif;ud?k aS;tzdYk aemuftzdYk [k qdtyfaom xdtwdwf tem*wf ESpyg;pHk k k k f cEmig;yg; taygif;ud?k 'yp,wmESihf y#dporkyew&m;[k qdtyfaom ocFg& paom tusKd;w&m;wkYd \ f k taMumif;jzpfaom t0dZm tpSaom y#dporkyg'fw&m;udif;? t0dZmpaom taMumif;udk pGr jzpfaom ocFg&tp d k J DS Saom y#dporkyg'f tusKd;w&m; wdYk uif; zH;vTr;wnf\? ]]onfum; t0dZmwnf;? onfwYdk um; ocFg&wkYd d kd k f wnf;}}[k odYk ponfjzifh [kwreaom rdr\yifu&if; oabmvuPmudk xd;xGi; odjcif;iSg (tcGi) ray;/ f S f d kd k f hf xkYd aMumifh ]]'ku rodjcif;onfif;/ y/ 'yp,wmESihf y#dporkyew&m;wkYd rodjcif;onfif; (t0dZm rnf\)}} f [l qdktyfayonf/ 592/ ocFg&wkYd [lonfum; ynmbdocFg& paom oH;yg;wdYk Eihf um,ocFg& paom oH;yg;wdYk [l aS; k S k tusOf;tm;jzifh qdktyfcJhNyD;aom ocFg& 6-yg;wkdYyifwnf;/ tus,ftm;jzifh rlum; ocFg& 6-yg;wdYk wif yknmbd G ocFg&[lonfrm 'ge oDv ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifjh zpfaom umrm0p& ukovapwem Spyg;wkYd Eihf bm0em\ S f kd f f S tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif jzpfaom lyg0p&ukovf apwemig;yg;wkYd [l (uke)aom 13-yg; (uke)aom apwemwkYd f h kd f f yifjzpf(Mu)onf/ tyknmbdocFg& [lonfrm ygPmwdygw ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom 162 tukovf S f kd apwem 12-yg;wdYk yif (jzpfonf)/ tmaeOmbdocFg& [lonfrm bm0em\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif jzpfaom tlyg S f h 0p& ukovapwem 4-yg;wkYd yif (jzpfonf)/ odYk tm;jzifh ocFg&wkYd onf (tusOf;tm;jzif) oH;yg; jzpfuef kd f h k k aomfvnf; 29-yg;aom apwemwkYd jzpfMuayonf/ rS wyg;aom ocFg& oH;yg;wkYd wirum; um,oaOwemonf um,ocFg& rnf\? 0pDoaOwemonf k G f l 0pDocFg& rnf\? raemoaOwemonf pdwocFg& rnf\/ ocFg& oH;yg;taygif; (wdu)udk uHukd tm;xkwqJ k f f cP yknmbdocFg& ponfwYdk \ 'Gg&tm;jzifjh zpfjcif;udk jyjcif;iSg a[mawmfrl (tyf)ayonf/ csJY jyOD;th?H um,0dnwfukd jzpfap um,'Gg&rS jzpfueaom Spyg;aom umr0p& ukovapwemwdYk Eihf wq,fEpyg;aom k f f kd f S h S f tukovapwem [laom ESpq,fwwaom apwemwkYd onf um,ocFg& rnf\/ 0pD0nwfukd jzpfap 0pD'g&rS kd f f d d d G jzpfaom xdEpq,fwwaom apwemwdYk onfyifvQif 0pDocFg& rnf\/ tbdnmapwemudrum; aemuf(ocFg& k S f d d k l yp,m 0dnmPHt&m) 0dnmPf\ taMumif; rjzpfaomaMumifh (um,ocFg& 0dpD ocFg&udk ,laom) t&m r,ltyfay/ quf qdO;tH?h tbdnm apwemuJoYkd yif O'papwemonfvnf; (0dnmPf\ taMumif;) rjzpfay? k D h xdYk aMumifh xdO'papwemudvnf; 0dnmPf\ taMumif;tjzpf y,fEwtyf\/ odYk aomf tvH;pHvnf;jzpfueaom k k k f k k k f ESpq,fwwaom apwemwkYd onf t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfMuay\/ xkYd jyif ESpyg;pHvnf; jzpfuef f d d f k k aom um,0dnwf 0pD0nwfwUkd udk rjzpfaprl raem'Gg& jzpfaom tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom ESpq,fu;ck (wck,wf d k k f h kd k oH;q,f)aom apwemwkYd onf pdwocFg&rnf\[k (odtyf\)/ odYk vQif wduonf (yknmbdocFg& paom) k f aS;wduoYkd omvQif 0ifavonf/ odYk (jzpfaomaMumif) okyoabmtm;jzifh yknmbdocFg& ponfwYdk \ f h f omvQif tpGr;tm;jzifh t0dZm\ aus;Zl;ywwfonf\ tjzpfukd odtyfayonf/ f
16
593/ xdpum;&yf ]]ocFg&wkYd onf t0dZmaMumifh jzpfue\-[laom oabmudk tb,foYkd odtyfyg k k f oenf;}} [l (wpHwa,mufaom apm'uyk*Kd vf\ apm'emjzif) jzpf&m\/ t0dZm Sdvwfaomf (ocFg&wkdY\) k h Sjd cif;aMumifh (odtyfay\)/ csJY jytH?h 'kuponfwYdk t0dZm[k qdtyfaom rodrukd ry,f(tyf)ao;aom yk*Kd vf k I onf aS;OD;pGm 'kuopmif; ykAE (aS;tzkYd ) ponfwYdk if; rodjcif;aMumifh oHo&mqif;&Jukd csrf;om[k xifaom trSwonmjzifh ,lNyD;vQif xdqif;&J\yifvQif taMumif;jzpfaom oH;yg;tjym; Sonfvnf; jzpfaom ocFg&wkYd ukd f k k d tm;xkwf yvky\/ ork',opm rodjcif;aMumifh 'ku\taMumif; jzpfueaomfvnf; wPSm\ tNcHt&Hjzpfaom f k f ocFg&wkYd ukd okc\ taMumif;[k xifrwvsuf tm;xkwf yvky\/ xdYk jyif eda&m"opmif;? r*opmif; rodjcif; S f f aMumifh 'ku\ csKyf&mr[kwaomfvnf; (jA[mjh ynfpaom) *wdtxl; 'kucsKyf&m[k trSwonf jzpfif;? 'ku f f dS csKyf&m\ (a&mufaMumif;) tusifvrf; r[kwueaomfvnf; ,ZfyaZmfjcif;ESihf tr&tusifh ponfwYkd 'kucsKyf h f k f l &m\ (a&mufaMumif;) tusifvrf;[k trSwonfjzpfif; 'ku csKyf&m edAmefukd awmifwvsuf ,ZfyaZmjcif;ESihf h f dS h l tr&tusifh ponfukd aSYom;yojzifh oH;yg;tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom ocFg&wkYd ukd tm;xkwf yvky\/ G k d f wenf;aomfum; (t0dZmudk ry,f&ao;aom) xdoonf av;yg;aom opmwkYd t0dZmudk ry,ftyfao; k l onf\ tjzpf [laom xdk taMumif;aMumifh txl;tm;jzifh y#doaEaejcif; tkjd cif; emjcif; aojcif; tpSaom d rsm;pGmaom tjypfwYkdEihf a&m>yrf;aomfvnf; aumif;rI\ tusKd; (vlYcsrf;om ponf)[k qdtyfaom 'kuukd 'ku[k S k rodonf jzpf xdk (aumif;rI\tusKd;[k qktyfaom) 'kuukd &jcif;iSg um,ocFg& 0pdocFg& pdwocFg& tjym; d Saom 163 yknmbdocFg&udk tm;xkwf yvky\? (Oyrm jy&vQif) ewfo;udk tvdaomolonf awmifxyzsm;rS d f D k dS d f ckecsjcif;udk youJoYkdwnf;/ onfrQomruao; okc[k orkwtyfaomfvnf; xdaumif;rI tusKd;\ (pkawtHh f h f k aomtcg [laom) tqH; jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom 0dy&dPmr 'kutjzpfuif;? om,mzG,enf; k kd f onf\ tjzpfuif; rjrifonf jzpfvnf;? 0g? rjrifaomaMumifvnf; xdaumif;rItusK;\ taMumif; jzpfaomkd h k d qktyfcNhJ yD;aom (um,ocFg& ponf) tjym;Sonf omvQifjzpfaom yknmbdocFg&udk tm;xkwf y vky\/ (Oyrm) d d f yd;zvHonf qDr;vQoYkd wd;0ifjcif;udk youJoYkdif;? ysm;&nfayguf wyfrufaom olonf ysm;&nf okwvr;xm; k D H k h f d f aom "m;oGm;udk (vQmjzif) vsujf cif;udk youJoYkdif;yifwnf;/ h h xdrwyg; tusKd;0dygufEiwuG jzpfueaom umr*kPukd rS0jJ cif; tpSonfwYdk tjypfukd rjrifonf k S S hf k f f d d jzpf? 0g? rjrifaomaMumifh csr;om[k xifaom trSwonmjzifif;? udavomu vTr;rd;bdp; (tyf)onf\ f f h f k D tjzpfjzifif; 'Gg&oH;yg;taygif;vnf; jzpfaom tyknmbdocFg&udk tm;xkwf yvky\? (Oyrm) oli,fonf h k f rpifjzifh upm;jcif;udk youJoYkdif;? aovdaomolonf tqdypm;jcif;udk youJoYkdif; yifwnf;/ h k f h xdkrSwyg; tlyukodkvf\ tusKd;0dygufwYdk vnf; ocFg&'kutjzpf 0dy&dPmr'ku tjzpfukd rodonfjzpf ? 0g? rodaomaMumifh ow-t,ltpSaom azmufjyef rSm;,Gi;aom 0dyvmjzifh pdwocFg&jzpfaom tmaeObd d f ocFg&udk tm;xkwf yvky\? (Oyrm) rsufpv,f vrf;rSm;aom olonf bDv;rdYqoYkd aS;Iom;aom vrf;udk f d l D G vduom;jcif;udk youJoYkdyifwnf;/ k f G h qdconftwdi; t0dZmSjd cif;aMumifh omvQif ocFg&wkYd \ Sjd cif; (jzpfonf)? t0dZm rSygrlum; (ocFg& k hJ h k f d wdYk \ Sjd cif;) rjzpfEiay? xkYd aMumifh ]]ocFg&wkYd onf t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfue\}}[laom kd f k f oabmudk odtyfayonf/ rSeay\? (jrwfpmbk&m;onf) f G ]]&[ef;wkYd ? ynmrSaom olonf t0dZmSonfjzpf? 0g? t0dZm SaeaomaMumifh d d d yknmbdocFg& udvnf; yvky\? tyknmbdocFg&udvnf; yvky\? tmaeOmbd ocFg&udk k f k f vnf; yvky\/ &[ef;wdYk ? tMuiftcg rlum; &[ef;\ (oEmef) t0dZm udy,ftyfNyD? 0g? f k t0dZm uif;aysmufavNyD/ (t&[wr*f ynm[laom) 0dZmPf jzpfay: avNyD? xktcg xkd d &[ef;onf t0dZm uif;jcif;aMumifh 0dZmPf jzpfay:jcif;aMumifh yknmbd ocFg&udk ryvkyf awmhonfomvQifwnf;}} [laom pum;udk a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\/
17
y|mef;ypnf;udk jyqdkcsuf
594/ t&m (wefY&yf apm'uyk*Kd vfu) ]]t0dZmonf ocFg&wkYd tm; aus;Zl;ywwf\-[laom pum;udk aS;OD;pGm vufcyguke\? odYk aomf tb,focFg&wkYd tm; tb,foYkd aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aus;Zl; H f yonf-[laom pum;udk qkoifygao;onf}} [l (apm'emud) qk\/ xkaus;Zl; ywwfonf\ tjzpf d h k d d qdvwHaom tajzpum;udk jyefMum; ajzqktyfay\/ ajzqd[efum; k h d k jrwfpmbk&m;onf G ]]a[wkypa,m? tm&rPypa,m? t"dywdypa,m? teE&ypa,m? oreE&ypa,m? o[Zmwypa,m? tnrnypa,m? ed,ypa,m? Oyed,ypa,m? yka&Zmwyp a,m? ypmZmwypa,m? tmao0eypa,m? urypa,m? 0dyguypa,m? tm[m&yp a,m? È, d ypa,m? psmeypa,m? r*ypa,m? or,wypa,m? 0dy,wypa,m? twypa,m? ewd k k d ypa,m? 0d*wypa,m? t0d*wypa,m}} [l ]]a[wkypnf;? tm&rPypnf; .... 0d*wypnf;? t0d*wypnf;}} [laom 24-yg;aom ypn;wkYd ukd f a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ k f 164 xkd (a[wkypa,m paom pum;awmf) (teuftus,fum;) xdk oabmonf a[wkvnfrnf yp,vnf; rnfaomaMumifh a[wkyp,rnf\? [dwjf zpf aus;Zl;ywwfaomw&m;? [dwf tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl; ywwfaom w&m;-[k qdv\/ tm&rPyp, - tm&rPypn; ponfwYdk vnf; enf;yifwnf;/ k kd f
(1) a[wkypnf;
595/ xdk (a[wkyp,-ponf) wdYk a[wk- [dw-[laom trnfonf pum;\ tpdwf taMumif; f rlvwkYd \ trnfaywnf;/ csYJ jytH?h avmu (Esm,usr;) y#dnmOf [dwf ponfjzifqaom pum;wkYd pum;\ f h kd tpdwukd a[wk-[dw[k qdtyf\/ omoemawmf (usr;)rl ]]a, "rm a[wkyb0g- tMuif w&m;wdYk onf f f k f taMumif;vQif trGetp Sue\}} odYk ponfwYdk taMumif;udk (qdtyf\)/ ]]wa,m ukov a[wl? wa,m f d k f k tukova[wl-oH;yg;ukeaom ukov[wwYdk ? oH;yg;ukeaom tukov[wwYdk }} odYk tpSaom pum;wdYk k f kd f d f k f kd f d f d rlvudk [dw[k qdtyf\/ xdkrlvudk tvdkSdtyf\/ yp,-[laom yk'rl um; 0pew-o'geuf f k f aywnf;/ pG taMumif;aMumifh jzpf\/ xdYk aMumifh pGjzpfaMumif;onf yp,rnf\/ (pGJ jzpf\-[lonfrm) J J S xdtaMumif;udk rpGeYf r jzpf\-[k qdv\/ xifm; jy&vQif-tMuiftusKd;w&m;onf tMuif taMumif; w&m;udk k l k kd S rpGeYf r wnfrvnf; wnf\? jzpfrvnf; jzpf\? xdtaMumif;w&m;onf xdtusKd;w&m;\ yp,rnfonf[k l l l k k qdv\/ vuPmtm;jzifrum; aus;Zl;yjcif; vuPmSaom oabmonf? 0g? aus;Zl;ywwfaom vuPm k kd h l d oabmonf yp,rnf\/ rSeay\? tMuiftaMumif; w&m;onf tMuiftusKd; w&m;tm; wnfjcif;iSgif; jzpfjcif; f iSgif; aus;Zl;ywwf\? xdtaMumif;w&m;udk xdtusKd;w&m;\ yp,-aus;Zl;ywwfaom taMumif;[k qdtyf\/ k k k yp,-ypn;? a[wk-[dw?f um&P-taMumif;? ed'ge-ed'gef;? or0-jzpfaMumif;? yb0-jzpfc&m trGetp-odkY f hJ f tpSaom trnftaygif;onf vd&if;teuf tm;jzifw\? o'gtm;jzifom xl;onf/ odYk vQif taMumif;&if; d k h l h jrpfr rlv [laom teufoabmaMumifh a[wkrnf\? aus;Zl;ywwfaom teufoabmaMumifh yp,rnf\/ odYk (jzpfaomaMumif) tusO;tm;jzifh taMumif;&if;jrpfr rlv[laom oabmtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom h f w&m;onf a[wkypn; rnf\/ f xda[wkypn;onf oav;rsK;aphponfwYdkonf oav;yif ponfwYdk\ (oav;tjzpf ponfukd NyD;ap k f d wwfo)uJoYkd if;? ywjrm;\ kaomtqif; ponfwYdkonf ywjrm;\ tda&mif ponfwYdk ukd (NyD;apwwfuef h d k k o)uJoYkd if; ukovponfwYdk \ ukovponf tjzpfukd NyD;apwwf\? onfum; (a&0w) q&mwkYd \ tvdk h kd f kd f aywnf;/ pdppf jytH?h odYk (a&0wq&mwdYk \ tvdtwdi;) jzpfygrl xdk [dwaMumifjh zpfaom kywYkd [dwf k k f f f tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfonf\ tjzpfonf rNyD;pD; rjynfpyJ S&m\/ rSeay\? xdk ukovpaom [dwonf xdk h kH d f kd f f ([dwaMumifh jzpfaom) kywYkd \ ukovf ponf tjzpfukd rNyD;apEdi?f odYk aomf (a[wkowjd zif) aus;Zl; rywwf f f kd k h onfvnf; r[kway/ om"u jy&vQi-]][dwwYdk onf [dwEi,Oueaom w&m;wdYk tm;if;? xd[waMumifh f f f f S hf S f k f k d f
18
jzpfueaom kywYkd tm;if; a[wkyp,owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\}}[laom pum;udk a[mawmfr(tyf)ay\/ onfrQ k f f l om r[kwao;? t[dwpwwYkd \ tAsmuwtjzpfonf (tAsmuwtjzpfukd NyD;apwwfaom) [dwEifh uif; f f d f f S NyD;pD;\? xkYd jyif [dwaom (o[dw) w&m;wkYd \vnf; ukovponf\ tjzpfonf a,medaomre odum& f dS f kd f ponfEiom pyf\? or,wf (,SOzuf) [dwEihf pyfonfr[kw?f qufO;tH?h tu,f (or,w) [dwwYkd S hf k f f S D k f f olYyifukd oabmjzifomvQif ukovponf\tjzpf NyD;pD; ([dwEi) ,SOaom w&m;wkYd (ukovponf\ h kd f f S hf f kd f tjzpfonf) [dwEihf pyfqijf im;tH?h (odYk jzpfvQi) tavmbonf ukovf jzpfap? tAsmuw jzpfap (wrsK;rsK;om) f S kd f kd d d jzpf&m\/ pifppfaomfum; (ukova&m tAsmuwa&m) 2-rsK;vH;vnf; jzpfay\? xkYd aMumifh ([dwEi) ,SOaom kd f d k f S hf f w&m;wdYk uJoYkd xdYk twl [dwwYkd vnf; ukovponf\ tjzpf (NyD;aMumif;)udk SmBuHtyfav&m\/ h f kd f 165 toiftavsmfum; (odYk aywnf;)? [dwwYdk \ rlvteufoabmudk ukovf ponf\ tjzpfukd h f kd NyD;aponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh r,lr aumif;pGmwnfwonf\tjzpfukd NyD;aponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ,l(tyf)ygrl f l hH f wpHw&mrQ rqefYusifay/ taMumif;rlum;-pnfyifjyefYyg;aom tjrpf SMd uaom opfyifwYkd onf NrJNrHcicvsuf k G kd f hH aumif;pGm wnfwueouJoYkd a[wkypn; (owjd zifh aus;Zl;yjcif;)udk &ukeaom yp,yef w&m;wdYk onf NrJNrH hH k f h f f k cdicvsuf aumif;pGm (MumSnpm) wnfwue\? (a[wkypn;udk r&aom) t[dww&m;wkYd onfum; ESr;aph k f hH f G hH k f f f f cefYarSmf paomarSmwYkduoYkdyif aumif;pGm rwnfwMhH uuke?f (um; rqefYusijf cif;\ taMumif;aywnf;)/ odYk f hJ jzpfaomaMumif?h 0g? odYk jzpf ]]taMumif;&if;jrpfr rlv[laom oabmtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;}} [l&m aumif;pGm wnfwonf\ tjzpfukd NyD;apaomtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf a[wkypn;rnf\ [l hH f odtyfay\/
(2) tm&rPypnf;
596/ xka[wkypn;rS aemufypn;wkYd wif qGuityfaom tmk\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m; d f f G J kd f H onf tm&rPypn;rnf\/ ]]lyg,we (tqif;)onf puK0dnmP"mwf (jrifor)tm; (tm&rP yp,owf d I d tmktycHjcif; oabmtm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\)}} odYk ponfjzifh pwiftm;xkwchJ a[mcJNh yD;vnf; ]]tMuif tMuif H f w&m;udk tmkH y tMuif tMuif pdwf apwoduf w&m;wkYd onf jzpfue\? (xdoYkd jzpf&m) xkxdk tmkw&m;wdYk k f k d H onf xdxpwapwoduf w&m;wdYk tm; tm&rPyp,owwYkd jzifh aus;Zl;y (uke)\}}[k ed*;csKyf tqH;owf k kd d f d f kH k (tyf)aomaMumifh wpHwckaom w&m;rQ xdtm&rPypn; rjzpfonf rS?d (jzpfonfcsn;omwnf;)/ Oyrmjzifh k k f f xifpmjy&vQif tm;enf;aom a,musm;onf 'kwawmifa0S;udk jzpfap? ud;udjk zpfap qGuiomvQif xvnf;xEdif G f f J kd f k &yfvnf; &yfwnfEiouJoYkd xdYk twlyif pdwapwoduw&m;wdYk onf tqif;tpSaom tmkukd tmkH y (qGui) kd f h f f d H J kd f ukeomvQif jzpfvnf;jzpfEiue\? wnfvnf;wnfEiue\? xdYk aMumifh pdwapwoduwYkd\ tmkH jzpfueaom f kd f k f kd f k f f f k f tvHpvnf; jzpfueaom w&m; ([lorQ) wdYk ukd tm&rPypn;[l odtyfue\/ k kH k f f k f
(3) t"dywdypnf;
597/ tBuD;tr;tjzpf [laom oabmtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf t"dywdypn; rnf\/ f if;onf o[Zmwm"dywd tm&rPm"dywdwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xkwif ]]qEm"dywd-BuD;r; f d G vGeuaom qEonf qEEihf ,SOueaom pdwf apwoduf w&m;wdYk tm;if;? xdqEaMumifjh zpfaom kywYdk tm;if; f J S f k f k f t"dywdypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk ponfjzifh a[mawmfraomaMumifh qE 0D&, pdwf 0Dro (ynm)[k f d l d H qktyfueaom av;yg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd (o[Zmw) t"dywdypn;[k odtyf(uke)\/ odYk aomfvnf; (av;yg; d k f f f vH;) wydieufum; (t"dywdypn;) rjzpfMu? (wyg;csif;omvQif jzpfonf)/ csJY jytH?h tMuiftcg qEukd tBuD; k f f tr;y pdwonf jzpf\? xdtcg qEonfomvQif t"dywdypn;jzpfonf? qErwyg;aom pdwf 0D&, 0Dro f k f S d H wkYd onf (t"dywdypn;) rjzpfMu/ <uif;aom w&m;wdYk t"dywdypn;jzpf&mvnf; enf;yifwnf;/ f f xdrwyg; tMuifw&m;udk tav;tjrwf (tmk) y pdwf apwoduf w&m;wkYd onf jzpfue\? xdk k S H k f tav;tjrwf tmkH ytyfaom w&m;onf xdtav; ywwfaom pdwapwoduf w&m;wdYk \ tm&rPm'dywd k f ypn;rnf\/ xkYd aMumifh ]]tMuiftMuif w&m;udk tav;y tMuiftMuif pdwapwoduw&m;wdYk onfjzpfue\/ f f f k f xdxkd tav;ytyfaom w&m;wdYk onf xdxtav;ywwfaom pdwf apwoduf w&m;wdYk tm; t"dywdypn; k k kd f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}}[k (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/ d G
19
(4-5) teE&-oreE&ypnf;
598/ tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom (aS;aS;) pdwapwoduf w&m;onf teE& ypn; d f f rnf\/ aumif;pGm tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom (aS;aS;) pdwapwoduf w&m;onf oreE& d f ypn; rnf\/ ypnf; 2-yg;udk 166 rsm;pGmaom? tjym;wdYk jzifh (q&mwdYk ) csJY zGijhf yMuuke\/ odYk aomfvnf; f f ,ckqrnfh pum;onfomvQif tESpom& jzpfonf/ ,if;tESpom&um;-]]puK0dnmPf\ tjcm;rJ raem"mwf kd f f h (ac:or#pKd ef;pdw) jzpfonf? raem"mwf\ tjcm;rJ raem0dnmP"mwf (ac: oE&Ppdw) jzpfonf ]]odYk tp d f h D f Saom pdwtpOf (pdwe,mr)onf aS;aS; (tjcm;rJ) pdw\tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif NyD;pD;\? tjcm;wyg;aom d f d h f f h tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh rNyD;pD;ay/ xkdYaMumifh rdrd rdr\ tjcm;rJ oifavsmaom pdwK yg'f (pdwapwodu)udk jzpfap&ef d h h f f f pGr;Ediaom pdwapwoduf w&m;onf teE&ypn; rnf\/ xkYd aMumifyifvQif ]]teE&ypn; [lonfum;f k f f f h f puK0dnmP"mwfonfif;? ,if;"mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduw&m;wkYd onfif; raem"mwf tm;if; ,if;"mwfEihf S f f S ,SOaom apwoduw&m; wkYd tm;if; teE&ypn; (ow) jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk ponfukd (jrwfpmbk&m;) f f f d G a[mawmfrcayonf/ tMuifw&m;onf teE&ypn;jzpf\? xdw&m;onfyifvQif oreE&ypn;jzpf\? rSeay\/ l hJ f k f f Oyp,kyEihf oEwywYkd uJoYkd if; t"d0pe'kuEihf edw'uf ponfwYdk uJoYkd if; teE&ESihf oreE&ypn; f S d k f h f S k d k h f wkYd o'grQomxl;onf? oabmteuftm;jzifrum; xl;jcm;jcif; rSay/ h l d ]]oabmw&m;tm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfaMumifh teE&ypn;rnf\? umvtm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf\ d f d tjzpfaMumifh oreE&ypn;rnf\}} [l xl;jcm;aMumif;-xl;jcm;yHukd (a&0w) q&mwdYk onf tvd(tyf)\? xdk f k k dS xl;jcm;yHonfvnf; ]]eda&m"ormywfrS xaom (tem*grf) yk*Kd vf\ ae0onm emonm,we ukovonf k kd f (tem*grd) zvormywftm; oreE&ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk paom ygVdawmf pum;wdYk Eihf f d S qefYusif\/ xdk qefYusif&m (ajyvnfap&ef tvdYk ig) ]]pdwapwoduf oabmw&m;wdYk \ (umv rjcm;yJ) S f jzpfapjcif;iSg pGr;Edionf\ tjzpfonf r,kwavsmyg? odYk aomfvnf; eda&m"ormywf bm0em\ tpGr;jzifh f k f f h f xm;jrpfxm;aomaMumifh (omvQi) (yp,yef pdwapodu) w&m;wdYk onf umvtjcm;rJ rjzpfyJ SMd uygonf}} f k f f h [l acsyaom pum;udk (xdk q&mwkYd u) qdMk u\? xdpum;onfvnf; umvjzifh tjcm;rSonf\tjzpf rSjd cif;udk k d omvQif NyD;ap\/ NyD;apyHum;-xdk eda&m"ormywfrS xaomtcg pdwapwodujf zpf&m bm0em\ tpGr;aMumifh k f f umvtm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfonf rSyg? odYk jzpfaomaMumifh igwdYk onfvnf; umvtm;jzifh tjcm;rSd d d onf\ tjzpfrSjd cif;udomvQif? 0g? ckepf&uf tpSaom umvtm;jzifh tjcm;Sonf\ tjzpfjdS cif;udomvQif k d d k qdyguke\/ ,if;odYk umvtm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf\tjzpf rSjd cif;aMumifh (xdk q&mwdYk \ teuft&tm;jzif) k f d h oreE&ypn; tjzpfonf roifyg? tb,faMumifqaomf xdk q&mwdYk \ t,lonf ]]umvtm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf f h h h kd d \ tjzpfaMumifh oreE&ypn; rnfonf}}[k jzpfaomaMumifh aywnf;/ xdk (odYk jyqdconftwdi; ]]umvtm;jzifh f k hJ h k f tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfaMumifh oreE&ypn; rnfonf}} [laom teuf\ roifjh cif;)aMumifh NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi; d f G kH f jcif;udk ryrl teE& oreE&[laom ypn; 2-yg;wkYd o'grQjzifomvQif xl;jcm;jcif;udk ,HMk unf ,lq f h tyf\? teuftm;jzifh (xl;jcm;jcif;ud) r,lqtyfay? tb,foYkd xl;jcm;oenf;[lr ypn; pdwapwoduf k l f f w&m;wdYk tm; (yp,yeEi) jcm;uG,wwfaom tjcm;emrfw&m;onf rS?d xkYd aMumifh teE&rnfue\/ yHkoPmef k f S hf f k f rSjd cif;aMumifh aumif;pGm tjcm;rSMd uuke?f xkoYkd aumif;pGm tjcm;rSMd uaomaMumifh oreE& rnfue\/ d k f
(6) o[Zmwypnf;
599/ jzpfay:qJyifvQif (rdrEi) twlwuG (waygif;wnf;ydiw) (yp,yew&m;wdYk u) jzpfay:aponf\ d S hf f l k f kd tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf o[Zmwypn; rnf\/ (Oyrm) qDr;onf (jzpfay:qJyifvQif) f D tvif;a&mifukd (jzpfay:apvsuf aus;Zl;yo) uJoYkd aywnf;/ xkd o[Zmwypn;onf emrfcEm ponfwYdk\ h f tpGrf;tm;jzifh 6-yg;tjym;Sd\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum;G l kH ]](1) av;yg;ukeaom pdwapwoduf emrfcEmwkYd onf tcsif;csif; o[Zmwypn; f f f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (2) av;yg;ukeaom r[mbkwwYdk onf tcsif;csif; (o[Zmw owd d f f jzifh aus;Zl;y\)? (3) y#doaEcP pdwapwoduemrf ESihf ([',0wK) kyonftcsif;csif; f f f (o[Zmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;y\)? (4) pdwapwoduf w&m;wkYd onf pdwaMumifjh zpfaom f f (pdwZ) kywYkd tm;jzifh (o[Zmw owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\)? (5) r[mbkwwYkd onf Oyg'gkyf f f wdYk tm; (o[Zmw owjd zifaus;Zl;y\)? (6) ([',0wK) kyw&m;wkYd onf pdwapwoduf h f f
20
emrfw&m;wkYd tm; tcsKYd aom (y#doaE) umv o[Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? f d tcsKdYaom (y0w) umv o[Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl; ry}} [l yifwnf;/ d f d aemufq;tyd'f pum;udk [',0wKudom&nf a[m (tyf)onf/ kH k k
(7) tnrnypnf;
167 600/ tcsif;csif; (tjyeftvSe) jzpfapwwf-axmufywwfonf\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom f hH w&m;onf tnrnypn;rnf\/ (Oyrm) tcsif;csif; axmufyvsuf axmifaeaom opfom; oH;acsmif;uJoYkd f hH k h aywnf;/ xdk tnrnypn;onf emrfcEm ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;Sd\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) f f G a[mawmfryum;-]] (1) av;yg;ukeaom pdwapwoduemrfcEmwkYd onf (tcsif;csif; aus;Zl;yaom) tnrn l kH f f f ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (2) av;yg;ukeaom r[mbkwf wkYd onf (tnrnypn; owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\)? f d f f (3) y#doaEcP pdwapwoduemrfEihf [',0wKkyonf tnrnypn; (ow)jzifaus;Zl;y\}}[lyifwnf;/ f f S f f d h
(8) ed,ypnf;
601/ (ajrBuD;ponfonf opfyifponf\ wnf&mjzpfouJoYkd) wnf&m tjcif;t&mtm;jzifif;?(yef;csum; h h D t0wfponfonf yef;csaq; ponf\ rS&mjzpfouJoYkd ) rS&mtjcif;t&m tm;jzifif; aus;Zl;ywwfaom D D h D h w&m;onf ed,ypn; rnf\? (Oyrm) ajrBuD;ponfEihf t0wf ponfwYkdonf opfyifponfEihf yef;csaq; f S S D ponfwYkd \ (wnf&m rS&m jzpfueo)uJoYkd aywnf;/ xdk ed,ypn;udk ]]av;yg;ukeaom pdwf apwoduemrf D k f h f f f cEmwdYk onf tcsif;csif; ed,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk (ponfjzif) o[Zmwypn; qktyfcaom f d h f d hJ enf;jzifyifvQif odtyf\/ txl;um; ed,ypnf; 6-ckajrmuftzdYk ukd ]]pum,weonf puK 0dnmP"mwf h tm;if;/ y/ aom wm,weonf ....? Cme,weonf ....? Zd0Sg,weonf ....? um,m,weonf um,0dnmP "mwftm;if;? xdk0dnmPfESifh ,SOfaom (apwoduf 7-yg;) w&m;wkYd tm;if; ed,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ f d tMuifyukd rS (yO'g&m0Ze;ESihf or#pKd ef;a'G;ac:) raem"mwfonfif;? (tly0dyguf 4-ck MuOfaom 72-yg; k f D G f d aom) raem0dnmP"mwfonfif; jzpfue\? xdk (rS&m) kyonf raem"mwftm;if;? raem0dnmP"mwftm;if;? k f D f xdk "mwf 2-yg;ESi,Oaom apwoduw&m;wkYd tm;if; ed,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l odkY a0bef hf S f f f d a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/
(9) Oyed,ypnf;
602/ Oyed,ypa,m [laom yk'rl qkvwHonfum; aS;OD;pGm 0pew o'geuf aywnf;/ xdk f d h taMumif;ESihf pyfaom jzpfjcif; Sonf\ tjzpfaMumifh rD&m[laom rdr\tusKd;onf (xdr&m taMumif;ud)rStyf\ d S d k DS k D rpGeYf vwtyf? xkoYkd rpGeYf vwyJ rStyfaomaMumifh ed, rnf\/ Oyed, rnfyrm vGeuJ jyif;jyaom T f d T f D kH S f tm,mo-yifyef;jcif;onf Oyg,mo rnfouJoYkd xkYd twl vGeuaom ed,-rS&monf Oyed,rnf\/ h f J D Oyed, [laom trnfonf tm;BuD;aom taMumif;\ trnfaywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh tm;BuD;aom taMumif; tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf Oyed, ypn;rnf\ [l odtyf\/ f xdk Oyed,onf (1) tm&rPyed, (2) teEyed, (3) yuwlyed, [l 3-yg;tjym;Sd\/ l l xdk 3-yg;wdkYwGif aS;OD;pGm tm&rPlyed,ypnf;udk .... ]]vz,0wKudk ay;vNyD;vQif oDvudk aqmufwnfNyD;vQif Oykoapmifjh cif;trIukd yNyD; G f f vQif xkd 'ge oDvOykoapmifjh cif;udk tav;y qifjcif\? aS;umv aumif;pGm usifcaom f h hJ aumif;rIwYkd ukd tav;y qifjcif\? psmefrS xNyD;vQif psmefukd tav;y qifjcif\? aou (usiq) yk*Kd vfwYdkonf (aomwmywr*f\ aS;tjcm;rJjh zpfaom) a*gMwblukd tav;y hf J d qifjcifue\? (txufr*fo;yg;\ aS;tjcm;rJjh zpfaom) a0g'gefukd tav;yqifjcifue\? k f kH k f aouy*Kd vfwYdk onf r*frS x r*fukd tav;y qifjcifue\}}[k k k f
21
odYk tpSaomenf;jzifh tm&rPm"dywdypn;ESihf xl;jcm;jcif;udk ryrl a0bef a[mMum;awmfr(tyf)\/ d f l xdpum;&yf? 0g? xkoYkd twly a[m&m tMuiftmkukd tav;y pdwapwoduwYkd onf jzpfue\? xdktmkH k d H f f k f onf ude;aotNrJtm;jzifh xdk pdwapwoduwYdk \ tmkHwdkYwGif tm;BuD;aomtmkH jzpfayonf/ odYk jzpf 168 f f f tav;ytyfonf\ tjzpfrQ [laom teufoabmaMumifh tm&rPm"dywdrnf\? tm;BuD;aom taMumif;[laom teufoabmaMumifh tm&rPyed,rnf\ [l tm&rPm"dywdEihf tm&rPyed,wkYd \ odYk aom l S l xl;jcm;jcif;udk odtyfayonf/ teEyed,ypn;udvnf; ]]aS;aS; jzpfueaom ukovf cEmwdYk onf aemufaemuf jzpfueaom l f k k f kd k f ukovf cEmwkYd tm; Oyed,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh teE&ypn;ESihf xl;jcm; kd f d d f jcif;udk ryrl? 0g? twlyomvQif a0befawmfrl (tyf)\/ odYk aomf rmwdumxm;&m (yp,eda'oygVd)rl ,if; ypnf; 2-yg;wkYd wif ]]puK0dnmP"mwfonfif;? ,if; 0dnmP"mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduf (7)yg; w&m;wkYd onf G S f if; raem"mwftm;if;? ,if;"mwfEihf ,SOaom (10) yg;aom apwoduf w&m;wkYd tm;if; teE& ypn;(ow)jzifh S f f d aus;Zl;y\}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh teEypn;\ vmjcif;aMumif?h 0g? teE&ypn;udk a[mjcif;aMumifif;? d f f h ]]aS;aS; jzpfueaom ukovw&m;wkYd onf aemufaemuf jzpfueaom ukovf w&m;wkYd tm; Oyed,ypn; k f kd f k f kd f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh teElyed, ypnf;\ vmjcif;aMumif?h 0g? teE lyed, d ypn;udk a[mjcif;aMumifif; rmwdumxm;&m xl;jcm;jcif; Sao;\/ xdrmwdumxm;&m xl;jcm;jcif;onfvnf; f h d k oabmteuftm;jzifh wckwnf;tjzpf-wlonf\ tjzpfoYkdomvQif a&muf\/ odYk yif xl;jim;aomfvnf; rdrd rdr\ tjcm;rJ oifavsmfaom pdwK yg'fukd jzpfapjcif;iSg pGr;Edionf\ tjzpfaMumifh teE&ypn; tjzpfukd d h h f k f f (odtyf\)? aemufpwukd jzpfap&m aS;pdw\ tm;BuD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh teEyed,ypn; tjzpfukd d f f l f odtyf\/ Oyrmjzifh jy&vQi-a[wkypn; ponfwYdk wif tcsKdYaom w&m;ESihf uif;vnf; pdwonfjzpfEiouJoYkd f f G f kd f h xdYk twl tjcm;rJh pdwEiuif; pdw\ jzpfjcif;rnfonf rS?d xkYd aMumifh tm;BuD;aom taMumif;jzpf ay\/ odkYjzpf f S hf f rdrd rdr\ tjcm;rJ oifavsmaom pdwukd jzpfaponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh teE&ypn;rnf\? tm;BuD;aom d h h f f f f taMumif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh teEyed, ypn;rnf\ [l ypnf; 2-yg;wdkY\ odYk aom xl;jcm;jcif;udk f l f odtyfayonf/ yuwlyed,udrl (odYk odtyf\)-yuw-(rdr\tusK;udk NyD;apEdiatmif) aumif;pGmyjyiftyfaom + k d d k f Oyed,-tm;BuD;aom taMumif;onf yuwlyed,rnf\/ yuw-aumif;pGm yjyiftyfonf rnfonfrm rdrd S oEmef NyD;aptyfaom o'g oDv ponfonfif;? 0g? o'g oDv okw pm* ynmonfif;? rS0tyfaomOwk D J abmZOf ponfonfif;? 0g? Owk abmZOf yk*Kd vf ausmif; tdy&m ae&monfif; (yuw rnfonf) jzpfayonf/ f wenf; 0pewum;-(tm&rP teE&wkYd Eihf ra&m,Suy) rdr\ yifukd yuwd oabmtm;jzifomvQif Oyed,S f J d h tm;BuD;aom taMumif;onf yuwly ed,rnf\/ tm&rP teE&wkYd Eihf ra&m,Suf aom Oyed,-[k S qdv\/ xdk yuwlyed,\ tjym;udk k kd ]]yuwlyed,um; - o'gw&m;udk trDS y tv'geudk ay;v\? oDvudk aqmuf wnf\? Oykoapmifo;jcif; trIukd y\? psmefujkd zpfap\? 0dyemudk jzpfap\? r*fukd f h kH jzpfap\? tbdnmOfukd jzpfap\? ormywfukd jzpfap\/ oDvudk --/ okwudk --/ pm*udk -/ ynmudk trSD y tv'geay;v\/ y/ ormywfukd jzpfap\/ o'gonf? oDvonf? okwonf? pm*onf? ynmonf (aemufxyf jzpfaom) o'gtm;? oDvtm;? okwtm;? pm* tm;? ynmtm; Oyed,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh -f d rsm;aomtjym;tm;jzifh odtyf\/ qdconftwdi; o'gtpSaom w&m;wkYd onf (aumif;pGm yjyiftyfaom k hJ h k f d aMumif) yuwvnf; rnfue\? tm;BuD;aom teufoabmaMumifh Oyed,vnf; rnfue\? xdk 2-yg;aom h k f k f taMumif;aMumifh yuwlyed,rnfonf[k odtyf\/
22
(10) yka&Zmwypnf;
169 603/ (yp,yew&m;wkYd rjzpfr) aS;OD;pGm jzpfNyD;vQif jzpfq-SdqJ-wnfq\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl; k f D J J ywwfaom (edyEyf 18-ck [laom) w&m;onf yka&Zmwypn;rnf\/ xdk yka&Zmw ypn;onf yO'g& puK k f f G paom 0wK lyg,wepaom tmkH [',0wKwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 11-yg; tjym;Sd\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmf f G rlyum; kH ]]pum,weonf puK0dnmP"mwftm;if;? xk0nmP"mwf ESi,Oaom apwoduf d d hf S f (7-yg;) w&m;wkYd tm;if; yka&Zmw ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ aomwm,weonf f d aomw0dnmP"mwf tm;if; --/ Cmem,weonf Cme0dnmP"mwf tm;if; --/ Zd0Sg ,weonf Zd0g0dnmP"mwftm;if; --/ um,m,wemonf um,0dnmP"mwftm;if; S xd0nmP"mwf ESi,Oaom apwoduf (7-yg;) w&m;wdYk tm;if; yka&Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh k d hf S f f d aus;Zl;y\/ lyg,weonf puK0dnmP "mwftm;if; --/ o'g,weonf aomw 0dnmP"mwftm;if; --/ *Em,weonf Cme0dnmP "mwftm;if; --/ &om,weonf Zd0g0dnmP"mwftm;if; --/ azm|Am,weonf um,0dnmP "mwftm;if;? xdk 0dnmP S "mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduf (7-yg;) w&m;wdYk tm;if; yka&Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl; S f f d y\/ lyg,weonf o'g,weonf *Em,weonf &om,weonf azm|Am,weonf raem"mwftm;if;? xdraem"mwfEihf ,SOf aom apwoduf (10-yg;) w&m;wdYk tm;if; k S yka&Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y \/ tMuifyukd trSD y raem"mwfonfif;? raem f d k f 0dnmP"mwfonfif; jzpfue\? xdk rS&mkyonf raem"mwftm;if;? xdk "mwfEi,Oaom k f D f S hf S f apwoduf w&m;wkYd tm;if; yka&Zmw ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (tly0dyguf 4-ck f d MuOfaom 72-yg;aom) raem0dnmP"mwf tm;if;? xd"mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduf (52k S f yg;) w&m;wkYd tm;if; (yXrb0ifrp y0wumv[k qdtyfaom) tcsKdYaom umv S d k yka&Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (y#doaEcP[k qktyfaom) tcsKdYaomumv f d d yka&Zmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;ry? (o[Zmwypn; owjd zifom aus;Zl;y\)}}[lyif f d f h wnf;/
(11) ypmZmwypnf;
604/ (ypn;w&m;wdYk rjzpfr) aS;OD;pGm jzpfEiueaom ({u Zum, 'dZum, wdZum,-[kqueaom) f D S hf k f G kd k f kyw&m;wdYk ukd axmufywwfonf\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom (tly0dyguf 4-ck MuOfaom pdwf 85-ck? f hH apwoduf 52-ck[k qdtyfaom) emrfw&m;onf ypmZmwypn; rnf\/ (Oyrm) tm;[m& jzpfaom awmifwrI k f h apwemonf vif;wi,fwYkd\ ud,wYdk tm; (axmufyHh aomtm;jzifh aus;Zl;yo)uJoYkd aywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh .... k f h ]]aemuf jzpfueaom (yOa0g[m&bH jzpfcuf jzpfaepdwf 85-ck? apwoduf 52-ck k f k kd [laom) emrfw&m;wdYk onf aS; jzpfEiaom ({uZ 'dZ wdZ pwkZum,[k qdtyfaom) S hf G k kyu,tm; ypmZmwypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf) f kd f f d G ayonf/
23
(12) tmao0eypnf;
605/ (yp,yew&m;wkYd ukd ukovtpSaom tjzpfjzifrrEihf wlatmif tzefwvJvJ yjyifjcif; jzpfapjcif; k f kd f d h d d S [laom) rS0apjcif; txH&apjcif; oabmjzif?h 0g? (rdrEiwaom oabmSonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufapjcif; D J k d S hf l d [laom) xHapjcif; oabmjzif?h 0g? (rdrEiwaom oabmSonf\ tjzpfukd ,lapjcif; [laom) xHapjcif;-txHk k d S hf l d k &apjcif; oabmjzifh tjcm;rJ jzpfueaom (yXraZm zdvaZm MuOfaom aemufaemufaZm 51-ck? apwoduf 52h k f k f ck [laom) yp,yew&m;wdYk tm; avhvmonf\tjzpf tm;BuD;onf\ tjzpftvdYk ig? 0g? tavhtvm&&ef k f S tm;aumif;&ef tvdYk ig aus;Zl;ywwfaom (tqH;aZm MuOfaom aS;aS;avmuDaZm 47-ck? apwoduf 52-ck S k [laom) w&m;onf tmao0eypn;rnf\/ (Oyrm) usr;*efponfwYdk aS;aS;jzpfaom (oif,jl cif; Mum;emjcif; f f aqmifjcif;tpSaom) tm;xkwjf cif; (rS0jJ cif;) uJoYkd aywnf;/ xdtmao0e ypn;onf ukovaZm tukovaZm d D h k f kd f kd f Bud,maZmwdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh oH;yg;tjym;S\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; f k d G l kH ]]aS;aS; jzpfueaom (avmuD) ukov(aZm emrfcEm)w&m;wdYk onf aemufaemuf k f kd f jzpfueaom ukov(aZm emrf cEm) w&m;wdYk tm; tmao0eypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ k f kd f f d aS;aS; jzpfueaom tukov(aZm emrfcEm) w&m;wdYk onf aemuf aemuf jzpfueaom k f dk f k f tukov(aZm emrfcEm) w&m; wkYd tm; ..../ aS;aS; jzpfueaom Bud,m(aZm emrfcEm) kd f k f tAsmuww&m;wdYk onf aemufaemuf jzpfueaom Bud,m(aZm emrfcEm) tAsmuww&m; k f wdYk tm; tmao0eypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ f d
(13) urypnf;
606/ pdw\ ya,m*-Asmyg&-[k qdtyfaom yrI-tm;xkwr\ tjzpfjzif?h 0g? yvkytm;xkwjf cif; f k f I f trlt&m oabmjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom (apwem 89-ck [laom) w&m;onf urypn;rnf\/ xdurypn; f k f onf (yp,yeEi) xl;jcm;uGjJ ym;aom cPSaom ukovapwem tukovapwem\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;? k f S hf d kd f kd f f h (yp,yeEi)twlwuG wydieufjzpfaom tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom (89-ckaom)apwem\tpGr;tm;jzifvnf;aumif; k f S hf f k k f h 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]ukovf tukovuonf 0dyguf (tusKd;) jzpfueaom (pdwapwoduf emrf) cEm kd kd f H k f f wkYd tm;if;? (u#wmkyac:) urZkywYkd tm;if;? (ememuPu) urypn; (ow)jzifh f f d f d aus;Zl;y\/ (89-ckaom) apwemonf ,SOueaom pdwapwoduf w&m;wdYk tmif;? xdk f k f f apwemaMumifh jzpfaom kywYkd tm;if; (o[Zmw) urypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l f f d yifwnf;/
(14)0dyguypnf;
170 607/ tm;xkwrI vHYk v Asmyg&uif;aom Nidroufonf\ tjzpfjzifh tm;xkwrI vHYk v Asmyg& f f f uif;aom Nidroufonf\ tjzpftvdYk ig? 0g? tm;xkwruif;aom Nidroufjcif; jzpf&ef aus;Zl;ywwfaom 0dyguf f S f I f (tusKd;) w&m;onf 0dyguypn;rnf\/ xdk 0dyguypn;onf y0wumv xdk 0dygufaMumifh jzpfaom kywYkd tm; f f d f if;? y#doaEumv urZkywYkd tm;if;? y0wd y#doaEum, tvH;pH ,SObuf pdwf apwoduwYdk tm;if; f k k f f (0dygu ypn;owjd zif) aus;Zl;ywwf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; f h G l kH ]]0dyguftAsmuwjzpfaom cEmwyg;onf cEmoH;yg;wkYd tm;if;? pdwZkywYkd tm;if; k f 0dyguypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ y/ y#doaEcP 0dyguftAsmuw jzpfaom cEmwyg; f d onf cEm oH;yg;wkYd tm;if;? y#doaEurZkywYkd tm;if; ..../ cEmoH;yg;wdYk onf cEmwyg; k f k tm;if;? cEm 2-yg; wdkYonf cEm 2-yg;wdYk tm;if;? y#doaEurZkywYkd tm;if; 0dyguypn; f f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ cEmwkYd onf 0wKkytm; 0dygyypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l d f f d yifwnf;/
24
(15) tm[m&ypnf;
608/ kyfemrfwkdYtm; axmufywwfonf\ tjzpfjzif?h 0g? axmufywwfaom oabmjzifh aus;Zl; ywwf hH hH ukeaom 4-yg;aom tm[m&wkYd onf tm[m&ypn; rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum;f f G l kH ]]tvkytavGY r[kwaomfvnf; tvkytavGYuoYkd ytyfaom (uH-pdw-O-[m f f f hJ f aMumif; 4-jzmaMumifh jzpfaom MoZmac:) tm[m&onf (uvmyfwl uvmyfjym; jzpfaom pwkZum,wdZum,[k qktyfaom ) kytaygif; ud,tm; tm[m&ypn; (ow) jzifh d f k f f d aus;Zl;y\/ (z apwem 0dnmPf [laom) emrftm[m&wkYd onf ,SObuf emrfw&m;wdYk f tm;if;? xdk emrftm[m&wkYd aMumifh jzpfaom kywYkd tm;if; tm[m&ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl; f f d y\}} [l yifwnf;/ yOm0g&rlum; ]]y#doaEcP 0dyguftAsmuw jzpfueaom (zapwem0dnmPf [laom) k f tm[m&wdYk onf ,SObufemrf cEmwkYd tm;if;? y#doaE urZkywYkd tm;if; tm[m& ypn; f f f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lvnf; a[mawmfrl (tyf)ao;\/ d
(16) Èd,ypnf;
909/ tpd;&jcif;oabmtm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfueaom waÈ yk&oaÈwYkdrwyg;ukeaom ESpq,faom k k f d d d S f f aÈwYdkonf È,ypn;rnf\/ xdk aÈEpq,fwYdk wif puKaÈ ponfwYdk onf? 0g? puKaÈ/ y/ um,daÈ d f S f G okcaÈ 'kuaÈwYkdonf (puK0dnmPf tpSaom ig;yg;aom) emrfw&m;wdYk tm;omvQif aus;Zl;ywwf\? d d d <uif;aom aÈ (13)yg;wkYd onf kyEihf emrf (2-yg;vH;) wkYd tm; aus;Zl;ywwfue\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmf f S k k f G rlyum; kH ]]puKaÈonf puK0dnmP"mwftm;if;/ y/ aomwdaÈonf ---/ CmedaÈonf -/ Zd0aÈonf ---/ um,daÈonf um, 0dnmP"mwftm;if;? xd"mwfEihf ,SOaom dS k S f apwoduemrf w&m;wdYk tm;if; È,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ kyfZD0dwdaÈonf f d f d uvmyfwl urZkywYkd tm; È,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ (okyftm;jzifh 8-yg;? f d f d È,ab' tm;jzifh 15-yg; ukeaom) emrfaÈwYdkonf ,SObufemrf w&m;wdYk tm;if;? d f f xkaÈwYkd aMumifjh zpfaom kywYkd tm;if; È,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}}[lyifwnf;/ d f d f d yOm0g&rlum; ]]y#doaEcP 0dyguftAsmuw jzpfueaom aÈwYdk onf ,SObufemrf cEmwkYd tm;if;? y#doaE k f f urZkywYkd tm;if; È,ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lvnf; a[mawmfrl (tyf) ao;\/ f d f d
(17) psmeypnf;
610/ (tmku) uyfIjcif; (pl;pl;pdupu) Ijcif; oabmjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfueaom a'GyO0nmPf H kd k f kd f k f d okcESihf 'kua0'em 2-yg; taygif;udcsefxm; tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom ukovponf tjym;Sueaom k k k k f kd f d k f (0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd aomre a'gre Oayum {u*wmwkYd tvdtm;jzif) ckepfyg; ukeaom psmeif (psmef\ k h f tpdwft*Fg) wkYd onf psmeypn; rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; f G l kH ]]psmeifwYkd onf psmefEi,Oaom pdwapwoduw&m;wdYk tm;if;? xdpsmefaMumifh S hf S f f f k jzpfaom kywYkd tm;if; 171 psmeypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l yifwnf;/ f f d yOm0g&rlum;]]y#doaEcP 0dyguf tAsmuw jzpfueaom psmeifwYdk onf ,SObufemrf cEmwkYd k f f tm;if;? y#doaE urZkyf wdYk tm;if; psmeypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lvnf; f d
25
a[mawmfrl (tyf) ao;\/
(18) r*ypnf;
611/ trSwrSd wpHwckaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzif?h 0g? trSeEitrSm; wyg;yg;tm;jzifh xGuajrmufaMumif; f k f S hf f (NyD;ajrmufaMumif;) oabmjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfueaom ukovponf tjym; Sueaom 12-yg;aom r*i(r*f\ k f kd f d k f f tpdwt*Fg) wdYk onf r*ypn; rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum;f f G l kH ]]r*ifwkdYonf r*fEi,Oaom pdwapwoduw&m;wdYk tm;if;? xdr*faMumifh jzpfaom S hf S f f f k kywYkd tm;if; r*ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ f f d yOm0g&rlum; ]]y#doaEcP 0dyguftAsmuw jzpfueaom r*iwYkd onf ,SObuf emrfcEmwkYd k f f f tm;if;? y#doaEurZkywYkd tm;if; r*ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}}[lvnf; a[mawmfrl f f d (tyf)ao;\/ txl;rSwz,um;- 2-yg;aom psmeypn;ESihf r*ypn;wdYk ukd (tpOftwdi;) a'GyO0nmPf pdwwYkd Eihf f G f f f k f d f S t[dwpwwYkd r&tyfue[k odtyfue\/ f d f k f k f
(19) or,kwypnf;
612/ wlaom0wK Sdonf\tjzpf wlaomtmkHSdonf\tjzpf wlaomjzpfjcif; Sonf\tjzpf wlaom d csKyfjcif;Sonf\tjzpf[k qktyfaom? 0g? wnf&mwljcif; tmkwjl cif; tjzpfwjl cif; tcsKyfwjl cif;[k qdtyfaom d d H k or,wtjzpf (,SOonf\tjzpf)jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom pdwf apwoduf emrfw&m;wdYk onf or,wypn; k f f k f rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum;G l kH ]]av;yg;ukeaom pdwf apwoduf emrfcEmwkYd onf tcsif;csif; or,wypn; f k f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ d
(20) 0dy,kwypnf;
613/ wlaom0wKSonf ponf\tjzpfoYkd ra&mufaomtm;jzif?h 0g? wnf&mwljcif;ponf rSaom d d tm;jzifh pdwapwoduf emrfw&m;wkYd tm; aus;Zl;ywwfaom kyw&m;wkYd onfif;? kyw&m;wdYk tm; aus;Zl;ywwf f f f aom pdwf apwoduf emrfw&m;wdYk onfif; 0dy,w ypn; rnf\/ xdk 0dy,wypn;onf o[Zmw0dy,wf k f k f k ypmZmw 0dy,wf yka&Zmw0dy,wwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh oH;yg; tjym;S\/ rSeay\? (jrwfpmbk&m;onf) k k f f k d f G ]]wuGjzpfueaom ukovcEmwkYd onf pdwZkywYdk tm; 0dy,wypn; (ow)jzifh k f kd f f k f d aus;Zl;y\/ aemuf jzpfueaom ukovcEmwkYd onf aS;jzpfaom kytaygif;ud,tm; k f kd f f k f 0dy,w ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} odYk tpSaom pum;udk a[mawmfr(tyf) k f d d l ay\/ txl;um;-tAsmuwyk'\ o[Zmw0dbif; .... f ]]y#doaEcP 0dyguftAsmuwjzpfaom cEmwkYd onf urZkywYdk tm; 0dy,wypn; f k f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? y#doaE 0dygufcEmwkYd onf 0wKkytm;? 0wKkyonf y#doaE d f f 0dygufcEmwdYk tm; 0dy,wypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}}[lvnf; a[mawmfr(tyf)ao;\/ k f d l yka&Zmw0dy,wurum; puKaÈpaom 0wKkywYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) k f kd l f f h G a[mawmfryum; l kH
26
]]aS; jzpfaom pum,weonf puK0dnmPftm;/ y/ um,m,weonf um,0d nmPftm; 0dy,wypn;(ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ 0wKkyonf 0dyguftAsmuw jzpfueaom k f d f k f Bud,m tAsmuwjzpfueaom cEmwdYk tm;/y/ 0wKkyonf ukovcEmwkdYtm;/y/ 0wKkyf k f f kd f onf tukovcEmwkYd tm; 0dy,wypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ kd f k f d
(21) twdypnf;
614/ (taMumif;udp jzpfqJ Sq) ypKyeoabmvuPm jzpfaom SaeqJ\ tjzpfjzifh xkdodkY SdaeqJ k JG d J f d omvQijf zpfaom w&m;tm; axmufywwfonf\ tjzpfjzif?h 0g? axmufyaom tm;jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m; Hh hH onf twypn; rnf\/ xdktwdypnf;\ rmwdum (acgif;pOf)udk emrfcEm r[mbkwf emrfyf pdwap woduf d f k f r[mbkwf tm,we 0wKkywYdk \ tpGr;jzifh ckepfyg; tjym;tm;jzifh 172 xm;awmfrl (tyf)\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) f f G a[mawmfryum; l kH ]](1) av;yg;ukeaom pdwapwoduf emrfcEmwkYd onf tcsif;csif; twypn; (ow) f f d f d jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (2) av;yg; ukeaom r[mbkwwYdk onf ....? (3) y#doaEcP pdwf f f apwoduemrfEihf ([',) 0wKkyonf ....? (4) pdwf apwoduw&m; wkYd onf pdwaMumifh f S f f f jzpfaom (pdwZ) kywYdk tm; ....? (5) r[mbkwwYdk onf Oyg'gkywYkd tm; ....? (6) pum,we f f f onf puK0dnmP "mwftm;if;/ y/ um,m,weonf/ y/ lyg,weonf/ y/ azm|Am ,weonf um,0dnmP"mwftm;if;? xdk 0dnmP"mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduf (7)yg; S f w&m;wdYk tm;if; twypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\? lyg,weonf/ y/ azm|Am,weonf d f d raem"mwftm;if;? xdk raem"mwfEihf ,SOaom apwoduf (10) yg;w&m;wdYk tm;if; ..../ (7) S f tMuifyutrSD y raem"mwfonfif;? raem0dnmP"mwfonfif; jzpfue\? xdr&mkyf k f kd k f k DS onf raem"mwftm;if;? raem0dnmP"mwftm;if;? xdk "mwfwYdk Eihf ,SOaom apwoduf S f (52-yg;) w&m;wdYk tm;if; twypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [l yifwnf;/ d f d yOm0g&rlum; (1) o[Zmwwypn;? (2) yka&Zmwwypn;? (3) ypmZmwwypn;? (4) tm[m&wd d f d f d f ypn;? (5) È,wypn; [lvnf; (acgif;pOf) xm;NyD;vQif aS;OD;pGm (1) o[Zmwwd ypn; ]]wckaom cEm f d d f f onf oH;yg;ukeaom cEmwdYk tm;if;? xkcEmaMumifh jzpfaomkywYdk tm;if; twypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} k f d f d f d odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh tus,fjyjcif;udk yawmfrl (tyf)\/ (2) yka&Zmwwd ypn; aS; jzpfueaom puK d f k f ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzif?h 0g? puKaomw Cme Zd0g um, ly o' *E &o azm|A 0wK ly o' lyg,we/ f S y/ pum,we/ y/ um,m,we 0wKwdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh tus,fjyjcif;udk yawmfrl (tyf)\/ (3) ypmZm f wwypn; aS;jzpfaom kytaygif;ud,tm; aemuf jzpfueaom pdwapwoduwYdk \ aus;Zl;yjcif;\ d f f k f k f f f tpGr;tm;jzifh tus,fjyjcif;udk yawmfrl (tyf)\/ (4-5) tm[m&wypn;ESihf È,wypn;wkYd ]]tvkytavGY f d f d d f f r[kwaomfvnf; tvkytavGYuoYkd ytyfaom (MoZmac:) tm[m&onf kyftaygif;udk,ftm; twdypnf; f f hJ (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ kyZ0waÈonf urZkywYdk tm; twypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}}[l odkY tus,f d f D d d f d f d jyjcif;udk yawmfrl (tyf)\/
(22) ewdypnf;
615/ rdrd\ tjcm;rJ jzpfqjJ zpfueaom pdwf apwoduf emrfw&m;wdYk tm; jzpfciay;aomtm;jzifh aus;Zl; h k f G hf ywwfueaom aumif;pGm aS;tjcm;rJ csKyfavukeNf yD;aom pdwf apwoduf emrfw&m;wdYk onf ewypn; rnf\/ k f h d f (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]aumif;pGm aS;tjcm;rJ csKyfavukeNf yD;aom pdwapwoduf w&m;wdYk onf (rdroYkd) h f d twkvu jzpfueaom? 0g? ypKyef jzpfueaom pdwapwoduf w&m;wdYk tm; ewd ypn; kd f k f k f f f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ d
27
(23) 0d*wypnf;
xdk ewypn;w&m; wdYk onfyifvQif uif;onf\tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfMuaomaMumifh 0d*wypn; d f f rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]aumif;pGm aS;tjcm;rJ uif;avukeNf yD;aom pdwf apwoduf w&m;wdYk onf (rdroYkd ) h d twkvu jzpfueaom? 0g? ypKyef jzpfueaom pdwapwoduw&m;wdYk tm; 0d*wypn; kd f k f k f f f f (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [lyifwnf;/ d
(24) t0d*wypnf;
xdrwyg; twypn;w&m;wdYk onfyifvQif ruif;onf\ tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;ywwfaomaMumifh t0d*w k S d f ypn; rnf\-[k odtyf\/ xkoYkd ewd twypn;wkYd uyifvQif 0d*w t0d*wypn;[k odtyfygaomfvnf; f d d f kd f a'oemawmfukd wifw,fatmif wef;qmqifwwfaom oAwPfawmf\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;? xkoYkd (0d*w h k f h d ypa,m t0d*w ypa,m-[k) a[maomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh qH;roGeoifxuaom a0ae,swYdk\tpGr;tm;jzifif; k f kd f f h (0d*wypn; t0d*wypn; wpH[aom) 'kuukd a[mawmfrl (tyf)ayonf? (Oyrm) ([dwaom w&m;+[dwf f f k l f f dS rSaomw&m; [laom) ta[wku'kuukd a[mNyD; jzpfygvsuvnf; ([dwEi,Oaom w&m;+[dwEir,SOaom d f f f S hf S f f S hf f w&m;) [laom a[wk0y,w'uukd (a[mtyfo)uJoYkd yifwnf;/ wGif y|mef; ypn;udk jyqdaom pum;&yf d k k f h f k NyD;\/
t0dZmyp,mocFg&myk'f tus,fjyqkdcsuf
173 616/ qkdcJhonfhtwdkif; 24-yg;aom ypn;wdYk wif t0dZmonf ykn (tbdocFg&) wkYd tm; f G 2-yg;aom tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? wyg;ukeaom (tykn) tbdocFg&wkYd tm;rlum; rsm;aomtjym;tm;jzifh f aus;Zl;y\? aemufq;jzpfueaom (tmaeO) tbdocFg&wkYd tm; xdt0dZmonf wyg;wnf;aom tjym;tm;jzifh kH k f k aus;Zl;y\ [k odtyf\/ xd*gxm yknwkdYtm; 2- yg;tjym;tm;jzifh [lonfum; (yknmbd ocFg&wkYd tm;) tm&rP ypn;jzifif;? k f h Oyed,ypnf;jzifhif;? odkY 2-yg;tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ csJYjytHh? xdkt0dZmonf t0dZmudk ukewwfaom f tm;jzifh ysuwwfaomtm;jzif?h 0g? ukeom;onf ysuom;onf[k oH;oyfaomumv umrm0p&yknmbd f f G f G k ocFg&wkYd tm; tm&rPypn;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ (apawmy&d, ykaAe0go tem*wHoPf[k qktyfaom) f d d tbdnmOfwYdkEihf ,SOaompdwjf zifh (rdr\if;? olwyg;\if;?) arm[ESiwuGjzpfaom pdwukd odaom umv S f d hf f lyg0p& (yknmbdocFg&)wkYd tm; (tm&rPypn;jzifh aus;Zl;y\)/ xdkrSwyg; (t0dZm\ tjypfukd jrifjcif;aMumif) f h t0dZmudk vGeajrmufjcif; tusK;iSg (0#fuif;&medAmefukd awmifwojzif) ay;vjcif;tpSaom umr0p& yknBud, f d h h d 0wKwkYukd jznfusifh qnf;yl;aom oltm;if;? lyg0p&psmefwYkd ukd jzpfapaomoltm;if; 2-yg;vnf; jzpfueaom d h k f xk(umrly) yknmbdocFg&wkYd tm; Oyed,ypn;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ xdYk twlyif (b0\tjypfukd zH;uG,wwf d f k f aom) t0dZmjzifh jyif;pGm awGa0aomaMumifh umrb0pnf;pdrcsrf;om lyb0pnf;pdrcsrf;omwkYd ukd awmifw xdk f f h yknmbdocFg& 2-rsKd;wdYk uyifvQif yaom oltm; Oyed,ypn;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ kd f wyg;ukeaom tbdocFg&wdYk tm;rlum; rsm;aom tjym;tm;jzifh [lonfum; tyknmbdocFg&wdYk tm; f rsm;aom tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr t0dZmonf t0dZmudk tmkH y &m*ponfjzpfaom l umv tm&rP ypn;jzifh (aus;Zl;y\)? tav;tjrwfy om,maomumv tm&rPm"dywd ypn;tm&rP f f yed, ypn;wkYd jzifh (aus;Zl;y\)/ t0dZmjzifh jyif;pGmawGa0vsuf tjypfrjrifonf jzpf ygPmwdygw-olY f toufukd owfjcif; ponfwUdk udk yaom oltm; Oyed, ypn;jzifh (aus;Zl;y\)/ 'kw,aZm ponfwYkd tm; f d teE& oreE& teEyed, tmao0e ewd 0d*wypn;wkYd jzifh (aus;Zl;y\)/ trSwrSd wpHwckaom l f f k tukovukd yaomoltm; a[wk o[Zmw tnrn ed, or,w twd t0d*w ypn;wkYd jzifh (aus;Zl; kd f k f y\)/ odYk rsm;aom tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/
28
aemufq;jzpfueaom tbdocFg&wkYd tm; xdk t0dZmonf wyg;wnf;aom tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\ [k kH k f odtyf\ [lonfum; tmaeOmbdocFg&wdYk tm; Oyed, ypn;jzifomvQif wyg;wnf;aom tjym;tm;jzifh f h aus;Zl;y\[k odtyf\/ t0dZm\ xdk Oyed, tjzpfurl yknmbdocFg& qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifomvQif kd k h odtyfay\/
taMumif;wckwnf;aMumifhjzpfEdkifoavm
t&m (&yfwefY apm'uyk*Kd vfonf ap'emud) qd\? qdyum;- t0dZmonf (tultnDtazmfrrS;) k k k kH D wyg;wnf;omvQif (jzpfvsuf) ocFg&wdYk tm; aus;Zl;yoavm? odYk r[kwf tjcm;(tultnD tazmf)taMumif; wdYk onfvnf; SMd uygao;oavm[l qd\/ (t0dZm\ taMumif;wyg;ESihf uif;onf\tjzpf ruif;onf\ tjzpf k [laom) t&m tb,fukd qdoiftenf; (oif\ apm'emonf rjynfpao;? <uif;useaeaom apm'em k h hH h kH f udvnf; qdO;avmh)/ wyg;wnf;om jzpfvsuf tu,f aus;Zl;yjim;th?H (okYd jzpfvQi) wckwnf;aom taMumif; k k D f Sdonf-taMumif;wckwnf;aMumifh jzpfonf[aom t,l0g'onf jzpf\/ odYk r[kwf tjcm;wyg;aom taMumif;wdYk l onfvnf; SMd ujim;th?H (okYd jzpfvQif) ]]t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf}}[k taMumif;wyg; wnf;udk jyjcif;onf roifavsmonf r[kwavm[l (qd\)/ roifavsmfonf r[kw?f (oifavsmfonfomvQif h f f k h h wnf;)/ tb,faMumifenf; [lr h h l avmu wckaomtaMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaom) wckaom tusKd;onf rS?d rsm;pGm aom tusKd;onfvnf; rS?d rsm;pGmaom taMumif;aMumifvnf; (jzpfaom) wckaom tusKd; h onf rS?d odYk aomfvnf; taMumif;wckEihf tusKd;wckukd jy&m tusKd; aus;Zl;um; Say\/ S d xkYd aMumifh (oifavsmayonf)/ h f 174 csJYjy&vQif-avmu wckaomtaMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaom) wckaom tusK; rnfonf wpHwck d k rQ rSay? rsm;pGmaom tusKd;onfvnf; rSay? rsm;pGmaom taMumif;wdYk aMumifh (jzpfaom) wckaom tusKd;onf d d vnf; rSay/ pifppfaomfum; rsm;pGmaom taMumif;wdYk aMumifh rsm;pGmaom tusKd;onfomvQif jzpfwwfayonf/ d xdk pum;rSeay\? Owk ajr rsK;aph a&-[k qdtyfueaom rsm;pGmaom taMumif;wdYk aMumifh jzpfay:aom tanmuf f d k k f -tTeYf [k qktyfaom tqif; teYH t&om tp Saom rsm;pGmaom tusKd;udomvQif awGYjrif&ayonf/ okYd aomf d d k vnf; ]]t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf/ ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf}} odYk ponfjzifh wckwckaom taMumif; tusK;jyjcif;udk (xdxkd t&m) yxm;\? xkoYkd jy&m tusKd;aus;Zl; d k d um; Sday\? ya,mZOfac: &nf,tyfaom tusKd;um; Say\/ G f d csJY jytH?h jrwfpmbk&m;onf tcsKYd a'oempum;&yf (a[moihaom w&m;\) jy"mef;jcif;aMumif?h tcsKYd G f a'oem pum;&yf xifm;jcif;aMumif?h tcsKYd a'oem pum;&yf rqufqjH cif;aMumifh a'oemudwifw,f S k h apEdiaom Pfawmftm;if;? a0ae,swdYk (\ tvdk tZmo,)tm;if; avsmfaomtm;jzifh wckwnf;omvQif k f jzpfaom taMumif;udif; tusKd;udif; jyawmfr\/ jyawmfryum;-]]z [laom taMumif;aMumifh a0'em k k l l kH jzpfonf}} [laom a'oem pum;&yf jy"mef;jcif;aMumihf wckpomvQif jzpfaom taMumif;ESihf tusK;udk a[mawmf D d rl\/ rSeay\? ztm;avsmfpm a0'emudk ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfjcif;aMumifh zonf a0'em\ jy"mef;aom f G k f k taMumif; jzpfayonf/ a0'emtm;avsmpm zudk ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfjcif; aMumihf a0'emonfvnf; z\ jy"mef; f G k f k aom tusKd;jzpfayonf/ ]]ovdyvQif jzpfaMumif; Sueaom? 0g? ovdyaMumifh jzpfueaom temwdYk }} [laom f d k f f k f a'oem pum;&yf xifm;jcif;aMumifh wckwnf;aom taMumif;udk a[mawmfr\/ rSeay\? temjzpf&m S l f ovdyonf xifm;\? uHpaom taMumif;wdYk onf? 0g? uH tm[m& Owk pdwf 0dorm[m& ydw 0gw Oyur f S wkYd onf rxifm;uke?f (taMumif;rlum; - ovdyukd ukojcif;jzifh a&m*gaysmufjcif;aMumifh aywnf;)/ ]]&[ef;wdYk ? S f tvH;pHaom tukovw&m;wkYd onf ta,medaom reodum&vQif taMumif;&if; Sue\}} [laom a'oempum; k k kd f d k f &yf rqufqjH cif;aMumifh wckwnf;aom taMumif;udk a[mawmfr\/ rSeay\? ta,medaom reodum&onf l f tukovw&m;wkYd \ (ukovf tAsmuwwkYd Ei) rqufqaom taMumif;aywnf;/ 0wK tmkH ponfwYkd onfum; kd f kd S hf H qufqaom taMumif;wdYk aywnf;? odYk rqufqaom taMumif;jzpfjcif;aMumifh (wckaomtaMumif;uda[mawmf H H k rlayonf)/ xk(odYk jy"mef;jcif; xifm;jcif; rqufqjH cif;aMumifh wckaom taMumif;udk a[mawmfronf[k qkchJ d S l d aom) taMumif;aMumifh y#dporkyg'f a'oem t0dZmudk (t0dZmrS) wyg;ukeaom 0wK tmkH o[Zmwf f w&m; tpSdukefaom ocFg&\ taMumif;wkYd SMd uygukeaomfvnf; ]](&[ef;wkYd ? oHa,mZOfjzpfz,f tmktaMumif; f G H
29
w&m;wkYd ) om,mzG,[k Iavhaomoltm; qmavmifwyfrufr-wPSm wd;yGg;onf? (wPSm[laom taMumif; f dS I k aMumifh Oyg'gef jzpfonf? Oyg'gef [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaMumif; uH-ocFg&[laom b0jzpfonf)}} [lif;? ]]t0dZm jzpfjcif;aMumifh tmo0 jzpfjcif;Sonf}} [lif; a[mawmfrjl cif;aMumifh (t0dZmonf) wyg;ukeaom d f wPSm tpSdukefaom ocFg&\ taMumif;wkYd \vnf; taMumif; (jzpfayonf)? odYk jy"mef; (aomtaMumif;jzpf) jcif;aMumifif;? ]]&[ef;wkYd ? ynmrSaomolonf t0dZmSonfjzpf? 0g? t0dZmSaeaomaMumifh yknmbd h d d d ocFg&udvnf; yvky\}} odYk (a[mawmfraomaMumifh t0dZmonf ocFg&wdYk \ taMumif; tjzpfjzifh xifm;\? k f l S t0dZm uif;aom &[Emtm; yknmbdocFg& ponf rjzpfaomaMumifh &[EmESihf rqufqaom taMumif;vnf; H jzpf\? odYk ) xifm;(aom taMumif;jzpf) jcif;aMumifif;? rqufq(aom taMumif; jzpf)jcif;aMumifif;? ocFg& S h H h wkYd \ taMumif;tjzpfjzifh jyawmfr(tyf)onf[k odtyfayonf/ onfrQom r[kwao;? qkcaom wckwckaom l f d hJ taMumif; tusK;udk jy&m tajzpum;jzifyifvQif (z [laom taMumif; aMumifh a0'em jzpfonf? a0'em d h [laom taMumif;aMumifh wPSmjzpfonf-odkY tpSaom) wck wckaom taMumif;tusKd;udk jy&m tvH;pHwYdk d k k (vnf;) (a0ae,swYdk\ tvdtm;jzifh w&m;udk odapjcif;[k qdtyfaom) ya,mZOfac: &nf,tyfaom tusKd;udk k k G f odtyfayonf/ wGif w&yf NyD;\/
t0dZmu ukodkvf\taMumif;jzpfEdkifyHk
618/ t&m (&yfwefY apm'uyk*Kd vfonf apm'emud) qk\? (qdyum;) odYk ajzSi;cJonftwdi; k d k kH f h h k f wckaomtaMumif;ESihf wckaom tusKd;udk jyoifaomfvnf; pifppf rvdvm;tyfonfh raumif;usKd; Saom tjypf h k d Sdaom t0dZm\ yknmbdocFg& tmaeOmbdocFg&wkYd \ taMumif;tjzpfonf tb,foYkd oifygtHenf;? taMumif; h h rlum; (cg;aom) wrmrsKd ;aphrS (csKdaom) BuHyif raygufwwfaomaMumihyif [l qd\/ (tajzum;) tb,faMumifh f k h roifyJ Stenf;? (oifonfomwnf;)/ taMumif;rlum;-avmu h d hH h 175 yp,yef oabmw&m;wkYd \ qefYusifaom taMumif;onfif;? rqefYusifaom taMumif;onfif; k (NyD;pD;xifm;\ )? xdYk twl wlaom taMumif;onfif;? rwlaomtaMumif;onfif; NyD;pD;xifm;\? odYk aomfvnf; S S xdk yp,yeoabm w&m;wkYd onf (taMumif;rS &ifusufvmaom) 0dygufac: tusKd;w&m;wkYd csnf;omvQif(um;) k f h r[kwMf uay/ (xkYd aMumifh oifayonf)/ h csJYjytH?h yp,yeoabmw&m;wdYk \ wnfjdS cif; oabm udpponfwYdk jzifh qefYusifaom taMumif;onf k f if;? rqefYusifaom taMumif;onfif; avmu NyD;pD;xifm; \? csJYO;th?H aS;pdwonf aemufpw\ wnfjdS cif; S D f d f tm;jzifh qefYusiaom taMumif;aywnf;/ aS;umv jzpfaom twwfynm ponfukd oif,avhusijhf cif; f l onfvnf; aemufumv jzpfueaom twwfynm ponfjzifh yvkyjf cif;wkYd \ (wnfjdS cif;tm;jzifh qefYusifaom k f taMumif;aywnf;)? uHonf urZky\ oabmtm;jzifh qefYusiaom taMumif;aywnf;? EdYk &nf ponfwYdkvnf; f f EdYk "rf; ponfwYdk \ (oabmtm;jzifh qefYusiaom taMumif;aywnf;)? tvif;onf puK0dnmPf\ udptm;jzifh f qefYusiaom (taMumif; aywnf;)? wifvponfwYdkonfvnf; t&ufponfwYdk\ (udptm;jzifh qefYusifaom f J taMumif;aywnf;)? rqefYusifaom taMumif;um; rsufpd tqif; ponfwYdk onf puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ wnfjdS cif;tm;jzifh rqefYusifaom taMumif;wkYd aywnf;? aS; jzpfaom aZmponfwYdkonf aemuf jzpfaom aZmponfwYdk \ oabmtm;jzifvnf; rqefYusif udptm;jzifvnf; rqefYusiaom taMumif;wkYd aywnf;/ h h f aemufwyd'\ tus,fum; qefYusif rqefYusifueaom taMumif;wkYd onf NyD;pD;xifm; MuouJhodkY k f k f S twlyif wl-rwl ukeaom taMumif;wkYd onfvnf; (NyD;pD;xifm;uke\)/ csJYO;th?H wlonfomvQifjzpfaom OwkEihf f S f D S tm[m&[k qdtyfaom kyonf OwkZky-tm[m&Zkyf\ taMumif; (jzpf\)? (wlonfomvQif jzpfueaom) k f f k f oav;rsKd;aph ponfwYdk onfvnf; oav;pyg; ponfwYdk \ (taMumif; jzpfue\)/ rwlaom kyonfvnf; k f f emrf\ (taMumif; jzpf\)? (rwlaom) emrfonfvnf; ky\ taMumif;jzpf\? (rwlueaom) EGm;arG; od;arG; f k f k om;csKd EdYk "rf; ESr;rIeYf ponfwYdk onfvnf; aeZmjruf jrm;jruf jrufeYH om ponfwYdk \ (taMumif;jzpfue\)/ f k f odYk aomfvnf; tMuif yp,yew&m;wkYd tm; xdk qefYusif rqefYusifueaom wl-rwl ukeaom taMumif;wkYd onf k f k f f aus;Zl;yuke\/ xdaus;Zl;cH yp,yef tusKd;w&m;wkYd onf xkd aus;Zl;ywwfaom taMumif;w&m;wkYd \ (&ifusuf f k k h vmaom) 0dygufwYdk onf omvQif r[kwMf uuke/ f qdconftwdi; taMumif;tusKd;\ jzpfjcif;aMumifh t0dZmonf tusKd;0dyguf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh k hJ h k f f pifppf rvdvm;tyfaom tusKd;Sonfjh yif yifu&if;oabm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tjypfonf jzpfjim;aomfvnf; k d kd f dS
30
tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom yknmbdocFg& ponfwYdk tm; xduonftm;avsmfpm wnfjdS cif; udp oabmtm;jzifh k k k f k f G qefYusif rqefYusifaom taMumif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;? wl-rwlaom taMumif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; taMumif; f h f h jzpfonf[k odtyf\/ t0dZm\ xdk taMumif;jzpfyuvnf; ]]csJYjytH?h 'ku ponfwYdk t0dZm[k qktyfaom kH kd d rodrukd ry,f(tyf)ao;aom yk*Kd vfonf aS;OD;pGm 'kuopmif;? ykAE (aS;tzdYk ) ponfwYkd if; rodjcif;aMumifh I oHo&mqif;&Jukd csr;om[k xifaom trSwonmjzifh ,lNyD;vQif xkd qif;&J\yifvQif taMumif;jzpfaom oH;yg; f f k tjym;Sonfvnf;jzpfaom ocFg&wkYd ukd tm;xkwf yvky\}} odkY tpSdaomenf;jzifh (pmyd'f 593-) qktyfcNhJ yD; d f k d onfomvQiwnf;/ f
pkwdy#doaEponf awGa0 ocFg&oHk;yg;udk jyKaMumif;

619/ odYk aomfvnf; qkvwHaom tjcm;enf;y&d,m,fuvnf; (odtyfao;\)d h kd tMuify*Kd vfonf pkwEihf y#doaEif;? oHo&mif;? ocFg&wkYd \ vuPmif;? (y#dp k d S orkyg'f) y#dporkyef w&m;wkYd if; awGa0\-(rSepmrod)/ xkd yk*Kd vfonf qkcaom f G d hJ ocFg& oH;yg;wkYd ukd tm;xkwf yvky\? xkYd aMumifh t0dZmu oH;yg; tjym;Sonfvnf; k f k d jzpfueaom xdk ocFg&wkYd tm; aus;Zl;yonf [kotyfay\/ k f d 176 pkwd y#doaEponfwYdk awGa0aomolonf xkd qdcaom ocFg&oH;yg;wkYd ukd tb,foYkd yyg k hJ k oenf;[k ar;jim;tH?h aS;OD;pGm pkw awGa0aomolonf ]]tvH;pHaom b0 a,med *wd-ponfwYdk (aemufq; d k k kH kyemrf) cEmwkYd \ ysujf cif;onf aojcif;rnf\}}[k (trSetwdi;) r,lr ]]ow0gonf (taumifvu) f f k f l kd f aoaysmuf oGm;onf? twaumif [laom ow0g\ (b0wyg;) cEmud,wyg;odYk ajymif;aTYom;jcif; (jzpfonf)}} k f G [k odYk tpSonfwYdk ukd rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\/ d f b0opf uyfa&muf jzpfjcif;[laom y#doaE awGa0aomolonf ]]tvH;pHaom b0 a,med *wdk k ponfwYdk (aS;OD;pGmaom kyemrf) cEmwkYd \ xifm; jzpfay:jcif;onf b0topfjzpfjcif; y#doaE rnf\}}[k f S b0opf uyfa&muf jzpfjcif;[laom y#doaEukd (trSetwdi;) r,lr ]]ow0gonf (taumifvuyif) f k f l dk f uyfa&muf jzpf\? twaumif[aom ow0g\ cEmud,topf jzpfay:vmjcif;yif}} [k odYk ponfwYdk ukd l k f rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\/ f oHo&m awGa0aomolonf ]]cEm tm,we "mwfwYdk \ rjywfrpJ jzpfaeaom tpOfukd oHo&m[k ac:qktyfonf}} [k d odYk zGijhf ytyfaom kyemrfwYdk \ jzpfpOf - oHo&mudk odYk jyqdonfh twdi; rSeuefpm r,lr f k k f f G l ]]ow0g[k qktyfaom twaumifonf rsufarSmufavmu (vlYb0)rS wyg;aom avmuodYk ajymif;aTY d oGm;\? wyg;aomavmurS avmuodYk ajymif;aTYvm\}}[k odYk tpSonf wkYd ukd rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\/ d f ocFg&wkYd \ vuPm awGa0aomolonf ocFg&wkYd \ obm0vuPmudif;? omrnvuPmudif; k k (trSetwdi;) r,lr-rodr? 0g? rodaomaMumifh kyemrfocFg&wkYd ukd twaumif[if;? twaumif\ Opm f k f l l f l [lif;? NrJonf[if;? wifw,fonf[if;? csrf;omonf - aumif;onf [lif; rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\/ l h l f (y#dporkyg'fEi) y#dporkyew&m;wdYk awGa0aomolonf t0dZm ponfwYdk aMumifh ocFg& ponfwYdk \ S hf f rjywfjzpfjcif;udk (trSetwdi;) r,lr ]]twaumifonf odrvnf; odwwf\? 0g? odwwfonf[if;? rodrl f k f l l l vnf; rodwwf? 0g? rodwwf[if;/ (aemifb0 csr;om qif;&Jukd cHpm;&wHaom) xdtwaumifonfyifvQif l f h k (aumif;rI raumif;rIu) ud,wivnf; yvky\? olwyg;udvnf; yvkyap\? (aumif;rI raumif;rIukd ycJh kd k f kd f f k f yapcJaom) xdtwaumifonf y#doaEcP uyfa&muf jzpf\? xdk twaumif\ ud,ukd y&rmPkjrLESihf h k k f &ac: bk&m;ocif ponfwYdk onf uvva&Munf ponfwYdk \ tjzpfjzifh ('dtPku ponfwYdk ukd jzpfapaom G tm;jzifif;? tvdawmf\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;) aumif;pGmwnfxm;ukevsuf puKpaom aÈwYkdukd jynfpapuke\? h k f h f h kH f xdtwaumifonf puKpaom aÈwYdkEihf jynfponfjzpf (tmkHudk) awGYx\? cHpm;\? qmavmif wyfruf\? k S h kH d pGvrf;\? aphaqmftm;xkw\? xdaphaqmftm;xkwaom twaumifonf wzef b0wyg;jzpf\}} [laomfif;? J f k f
31
]]twaumif [laom ow0gtm;vH;wkYd onf ude;aoNrJjcif;jzifh pk;aygif; pyfaom tm;jzifh vl ewf iSuf ponf k f Hk tjzpfwYdk ajymif;vJ&ifusuue\? 0g? ude;aoNrJjcif;jzifif;? pk;aygif;pyf jcif;jzifif;? yifuoabm jzifif; vl h f k f f h Hk h dk h ewf iSuf paom txl;xl; tjym;jym; uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufue\}} [laomfif; rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\/ k f f (rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHpnfaom) xdoonf t0dZmu Pftjrif uef;atmifyvkytyfonf jzpf qdconf f k l f k hJ twdi; rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHpnfvsuf Oyrmtm;jzifh rsurjrif'uwonf ajrjyif vSnvnf oGm;vmvwfaomf vrf; k f f f k d hf aumif; vrf;rSeoYkd if;? vrf;r[kwaom vrf;rSm;odYk if;? uke;jrifoYkd if;? usif;csKdioYkd if;? nDw&modYk if;? rnD f f f h hf T f Tw&modYk if;? uyfa&mufom;ouJoYkd xkYd twlyif yknmbd ocFg&udif;? tyknmbd ocFg&udif;? tmaeOmbd f G h k k ocFg&udif; tm;xkwf yvky\-[kotyfayonf/ k f d xkYd aMumifh 177 ]]Oyrmjzifh jy&vQif -aSYom; c&D;vrf;Teuif;aom 0rf;wGi;uef; rsurjrif jzpfaom G f f f olonf? w&Hwcg vrf;aumif; vrf;rSejf zifom; w&Hwcg vrf;r[kwaom vrf;qd;vrf;rSm;jzifh h G f k vnf; oGm;ouJoYkd ? h xdYk twl c&D;Tef vrf;jy qH;rol rSaom rvdrmaom olonf oHo&m usivnfvwfaomf w&H k d f wcg aumif;rIukd y\? w&Hwcg raumif;rIuvnf; y\/ kd tMuiftcgrl xdrvdrmaom olonf a'oem w&m;awmfuo opm 4-yg; wdYk ukd odvwH?h 0g? k kd d edAmefw&m;udk (r*fPfjzif) odvsuf (<uif;) opm wkYd ukd (udpN yD;aom tm;jzif) odvwH?h xdoYkd h h k odaomtcg (xdoonf) t0dZmNidr;jcif;aMumifh (udavom qif;&Jcyfor;) Nidr;onfjzpf k l f d f f oGm;vm aexki&ayvwh}H } [laom pum;udk qdtyfay\/ d f k qdcaom pum;onf t0dZmyp,m ocFg&m-[laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum;aywnf;/ k hJ f k
ocFg&yp,m0dnmPHyk'f tus,fjyqkdcsuf
620/ ocFg&yp,m 0dnmPH - [laom yk' 0dnmPf - [lonfum; puK0dnmPf tpSaom 6-yg; tjym; f d Sdaom 0dnmPfaywnf;/ xdk 6 -yg;wkYd wif puK0dnmPfonf ukov0dyguf (ukov\tusKd;) tukov 0dyguf G kd f (tukov\tusKd;) [l 2-yg;tjym;Sd\/ aomw0dnmPf Cme0dnmPf um,0dnmPf wkYd onfvnf; xkYd twl kd f 2-yg;pD tjym; Sue\/ raem0dnmPfonf ukov0dyguf tukov0dyguf jzpfaom (or#pKd ef;a'G;ac:) raem d k f d "mwf 2 -yg;? (oE&P oH;ck [laom) t[dwf raem 0dnmP"mwf 3-yg;? o[dw-umr0p& 0dygufpwf Spyg;? D k f d f lyg0p& 0dygufpdwf 5-yg;? tlyg0p& 0dygufpdwf 4-yg;-odkYtm;jzifh 22-yg; tjym;Sd\/ odkYvQif qkdcJhaom 6-yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk jzifh tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom 32-yg;aom avmuD0yguf 0dnmPfwYdk ukd odr;,l k k k f d f tyfNyD; jzpfue\/ avmukw&m 0dygufwYdk url 0#fukd jy&mpum; roifavsmfMuaomaMumifh r,ltyfue/ k f kd h k f (ocFg&aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf[aom) xkpum;&yf ]]qdtyfNyD;aom (32-yg;) tjym;Saom 0dnmPfonf l d k d ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfonf-[laom oabmudk tb,foYkd odtyfygoenf;}} [laom apm'em jzpf&m\/ (tajzum;) qnf;yl;tyfNyD;aom uHrSvwfaomf 0dyguf\ rSjd cif;-rjzpfjcif;aMumifh (odtyfayonf)/ d rSeay\? 32-yg;aom 0dnmPfonf 0dyguf (tusKd;) aywnf;? 0dyguf 0dnmPf tusKd;w&m;onfvnf; qnf;yl; f tyfNyD;aom uHrSvQif rjzpfwwfay/ tu,f (uHrSy) jzpfEijf im;th?H (odYk jzpfvQif) tvH;pHaom ow0gwdYk tm; d d J kd k k tvH;pHaom 0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk jzpfue&m\/ xkoYkd um; rjzpfMuuke?f xkYd aMumifh ]]ocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh k k k f d 0dnmPf jzpfonf}} [laom oabmudk odtyfayonf/ tb,f ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh tb,f0nmPf jzpfygoenf;[k ar;jim;th?H aS;OD;pGm (jy&efrm) d S umrm0p& yknmbdocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh ukov0dyguf jzpfueaom puK0dnmPf tpSueaom k f d k f 0dnmPf 5-yg;? raem0dnmPfwi?f 0g? raem0dnmPfxrS (or#pKd ef;ac:) raem"mwf 1-yg;? (oE&Pac:) G J d D raem0dnmP"mwf 2-yg;? umrm0p& r[m0dygufpwf 8-yg; [laom 16-yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk onf jzpfue\/ d k f (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH
32
]]umrm0p& ukovuukd ytyfNyD;aomaMumifh qnf;yl;tyf NyD;aomaMumifh 0dyguf kd f H (tusK;) jzpfaom puK0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (1)? ---aomw0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (2)? d --- Cme0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (3)? --- Zd0g0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (4)? --- 178? S um,0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (5)? --- 0dygufjzpfaom raem"mwfonf jzpfay:\ (6)? --aomre o[*kwf (Tivef; 0rf;omrIEihf wuGjzpfaom) raem0dnmP"mwfonf jzpfay:\ f S (7)? --- Oayumo[*kwf (rTird; tnDtrQ cHpm;rIEihf wuGjzpfaom) raem0dnmP f I S "mwfonf jzpfay:\ (8)? --- aomre o[*kwf Por,wf (PfEi,Oaom) k S hf S f raem0dnmP"mwfonf jzpfay:\ (1? 9)? --- aomreo[*kwf Por,wf raem k 0dnmP"mwfonf oocFg& (wkuwe;jcif; Saom taMumif; taygif;)aMumifh jzpfay:\ (2? d f G f d 10)? --- aomreo[*kwP0dy ,kwf (PfEihf r,SOaom) raem0dnmP"mwfonf f S f jzpfay:\ (3?11)? --- aomreo[*kwf P0dy,wf raem0dnmP"mwfonf oocFg& k aMumifh jzpfay:\ (4? 12)? --- Oayumo[*kwf Por,wf raem0dnmP "mwfonf k jzpfay:\ (5? 13)? --- Oayum o[*kwf Por,wf raem0dnmP "mwfonf k oocFg&aMumifh jzpfay:\ (6? 14)? ---Oayumo[*kwonf P0dy,wf raem0dnmP f k "mwfonf jzpfay:\ (7? 15)? --- Oayumo[*kwonf P0dy,wf raem0dnmP"mwf f k onf oocFg&aMumifh jzpfay:\ (8? 16)}} [lyifwnf;/ xdkrSwyg; lyg0p& yknmbdocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh 5 -yg;aom lyg0p&0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk onf jzpfue\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; k f G l kH ]]xkqcaom lyg0p& ukovuuyifvQif ytyfNyD;aomaMumifh qnf;yl;tyfNyD;aom d kd hJ kd f H kd aMumifh 0dyguf jzpfaom vkcsiz,f 0wKumrESihf vdcsiwwfaom udavoumrwkYd rS d f G k f uif;qdw omvQif yXrpsmefoYkd a&mufvsuf ae\ (1)? .... 'kwd,psmefodkY .... (2)? .... f wwd,psmefodkY .... (3)? .... pwkwpsmefodkY .... (4)? .... yOrpsmefodkY a&mufvsuf ae\ (5)}} [lyifwnf;/ qdconftwdi; yknmbdocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh 21-yg; tjym;Saom 0dnmPfonf jzpf\/ k hJ h k f d xkrwyg; tyknmbdocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh tukov0dyguf jzpfueaom puK0dnmPf tpSuef d S k f d k aom 0dnmPf 5-yg;? raem"mwf 1-yg;? raem0dnmP"mwf 1-yg; [laom 7-yg; tjym;Saom 0dnmPfonf d jzpf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]tukovuukd ytyfNyD;aomaMumifh qnf;yl;tyfNyD;aomaMumifh 0dygufjzpfaom puK kd f H 0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (1)? .... aow- (2)? .... Cme- (3)? .... Zd0Sg (4)? .... um, 0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\ (5)? .... 0dygufjzpfaom raem"mwfonf jzpfay:\ (1? 6)? .... 0dyguf raem0dnmP "mwfonf jzpfay:\ (1? 7)}} [lyifwnf;/ xdrwyg; tmaeOmbdocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh 4-yg;aom tly0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk onf jzpfuef k S k \/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; .... G l kH ]]xdqcaom tlyg0p& ukovuuyifvQif ytyfNyD;aomaMumifh qnf;yl;tyfNyD; k dk hJ kd f H kd aomaMumifh 0dygufjzpfaom tcsif;cyfor;? 0g? tvH;pHueaom lyonmwkYd uausmfvejf cif; d f k k k f kd G - y,fjcif;aMumifh tmumoeOm,weonmESiwuG jzpfaom .... hf pwkwpsmefoYkda&mufvsuae\ (1)? .... 0dnmPOm,we onmESifhwuGjzpfaom .... (2)? .... f tmudOnm,weonmESiwuGjzpfaom .... (3)? .... ae0onmemonm,weonm ESiwuG hf hf jzpfaom okcESi'uukd y,fjcif;aMumifh pwkwpsmefoYkd a&mufvsuae\ (4)}} [lyifwnf;/ hf k f 179 621/ qkconftwdi; ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom 0dnmPfukd odem;vnf NyD;vQif d hJ h k f ,cktcg xk0nmPf\ qdvwHaom jzpfyuotyf\/ jzpfyum;-(32-yg;aom) 0dnmPf tvH;pHonfvnf; d d k h kH kd d kH k k
33
y0wd y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ESprsKd; ESpaxG jzpf\/ xdwif a'GyO 0dnmPf (10)? raem"mwf 2-yg;? aomre f f f k G o[*kwf t[dwf raem0dnmP"mwf (1-yg;) [laom 13-yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk onf yOa0gum&bH y0wd k umvomvQif jzpfue\/ <uif;aom 19-yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk onf oH;yg;aom b0wdYk xduonf tm;avsmfpm k f k k f G y0wumvif;? y#doaEumvif; jzpfue\/ d k f tb,foYkd enf;[lr aS;OD;pGm (jy&efrm) ukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf tpSueaom ig;yg;aom 0dnmPf l S d k f wkYd onf ukov0dygufjzifh jzpfap? tukov0dygufjzifh jzpfap (y#doaEtm;jzif) jzpfNyD;aom oltm; tpOftwdi; h k f &ifusujf cif;odYk a&mufaom (puKpaom) aÈvwfaomf puKyom' ponfwYdktm; xifjcif;odYk a&mufaom | h dS aomfif; | rZwaomfif; jzpfaom tqif;tpSdaom tmkHudk tmkHy puK tpSdaom yom'kyfudk rDS jrifjcif;udp Mum;jcif;udp eHjcif;udp vsujf cif; (pm;jcif;) udp xdjcif;udpukd NyD;apukevsuf jzpfue\/ f k f tukov0dyguf puK0dnmPftpSueaom ig;yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk onfvnf; xdYk twlyif jzpfue\/ txl;um; d k f k f xdtukov0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk \ tmkonf ted|aomfif; ted|rZwaomfif; oufouf jzpf\? rQomvQif k H xl;ayonf/ qufO;tH?h 0dnmPf 10-yg;wkYd onf ude;ao NrJaom'Gg& tmkH 0wK Xmevnf; Sue\? D f d k f ude;aoNrJaom udpMdS uonfomvQivnf; jzpfue\/ f f k f xkYd aemif ukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ tjcm;rJ ukov0dyguf raem"mwf (or#pKd ef;)onf xdk h d puK0dnmPf ponfwYkd \yifvQif tmkukd (vufcaomtm;jzif) tmkH y [',0wKudr or#pKd ef; (vufcjH cif;) H H h k DS d udpukd NyD;apvsuf jzpf\/ tukov0dyguf 0dnmPfwkdY\ tukov0dyguf raem"mwfonf xdYk twlyif jzpf\/ qufO;th?H raem"mwf 2-yg;onfum; rNrJaom 'Gg&tmkH\? NrJaom 0wKXmeS\? NrJaom udpvnf; S\/ D Sd d d xdrwyg; aomre[*kwf t[dwraem0dnmP"mwfonf ukov0dyguf raem"mwf\ tjcm;rJ xdk k S f h raem"mwf\yifvQif tmkHudk tmkHy [',0wKudk rS oE&P (pHprf;jcif;) udpukd NyD;apvsufif;? 6-'Gg&wkYd D D k tm;BuD;aom tmk umrm0p&ow0gwkYd tm; rsm;aomtm;jzifh avmbESihf ,SOaom aZm\tqH; b0iftpOfukd H f k jzwf aZmonf ,ltyfNyD;aomtmkH w'gk\tpGr;tm;jzifif; wBudraomfif; 2-Budraomfif; jzpf\[l H f h f f rZdrt|uxm qd(tyf)\/ tbd"rmt|uxmum; w'gkH (t&m) 2-ckaom pdwtBudrwYdkonf vmuke\/ k f f f pdwfonfum; w'gkH[lif; yd|db0if [lif; odkYtm;jzifh 2-yg;aom trnfwYdk ukd &\/ rNrJaom'Gg& tmkHSd\? NrJaom 0wKS\? rNrJaom XmeESihf udpvnf;S\? qkdcJhonfhtwdkif; aS;OD;pGm 13-yg;aom 0dnmPf d d wkYd onf yOa0gum&bH y0wumv omvQif jzpfue\[l odtyf (uke)\/ k d k f f 180 <uif;aom 19-yg;aom (0dyguf) 0dnmPfwYkd wif rdrtm;avsmfaom y#doaEjzifh rjzpfaom 0dnmPf G d rnfonf wpHwckrQ rS/ y0wumvum; aS;OD;pGm (jy&efrm) ukov0dyguf tukov0dyguf jzpfueaom 2-yg; k d d S k f aom (Oayumo[*kwf oE&P[laom) t[dwraem 0dnmP "mwfwYdk onf yO'g& ukov0dyguf tukov D f G 0dyguf raem"mwfwYdk \ tjcm;rJh oED&Pudpudkif;? 6 g&wkYd aS;qdtyfcaom enf;jzifyifvQif w'gkupudk -'G k hJ h H d if;? rdronf ,ltyfaom y#doaErS aemufumv b0ifukd jzwfwwfaom 0DxpwwYdk\ jzpfjcif; rSvwfaomf d d d f d (rSaomtcgrsm;) b0ifupuif;? tqH; pkwupuif;? odYk tm;jzifh 4-yg;aom udpwYdk ukd NyD;apukevsuf d d kd k d d kd f NrJaom 0wKSueonfif;? rNrJaom 'Gg& tmkH Xme udpueonfif; jzpf jzpfue\/ d k f dS k f k f Spyg;aom umr0p& o[dw0ygufpwwYkd onf qktyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifomvQif 6-'Gg&wkdY w'gkH udp f f d d f d h udif;? rdronf ,ltyfaom y#doaErS aemufumv b0ifukd jzwfwwfaom 0DxpwwYdk\ jzpfjcif; rSvwfaomf k d d d f d b0ifupuif;? tqH; pkwupuif;-odkYtm;jzifh 3-yg;aomudpwYkd ukd NyD;apukevsuf NrJaom 0wKSueonf d kd k d d kd f d k f if;? rNrJaom 'Gg& tmkH Xme udp Sueonfif; jzpf jzpfue\/ d k f k f 5-yg;aom lyg0p&0dygufpwwYkd onfif;? 4-yg;aom tlyg0p& 0dygufpdwfwkdYonfif;? rdronf d f d ,ltyfaom y#doaErS aemufumv b0ifukd jzwfwwfaom 0DxpwwYdk\ jzpfjcif; rSvwfaomf b0ifupuif;? d d f d d kd tqH; pkwupuif; - odkY tm;jzifh udp 2-yg;udk NyD;apukevsuf jzpfue\/ xdk ly0dyguf tly0dygufpdwf k d d kd f k f wdYk wif lyg0p&0dygufpwwYdk onf NrJaom 0wKtmkue\? rNrJaom Xme udp Sue\/ tlyg 0p&0dygufpdwf G d f H dS k f d k f wdYk onfum; tNrJwrf; rS&m 0wKrSueonfif;? NrJaom tmkueonfif;? rNrJaom Xme udp Sueonfif; D d k f H dS k f d k f jzpf jzpfue\/ odYk vQif qdconftwdi; aS;OD;pGm y0wumv 32-yg; tjym;Saom 0dyguf0nmPfonf k f k hJ h k f d d d ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfayonf/ xdoYkd jzpf&m (yknmbdocFg& tpSaom) xdxocFg&wdYk onf xdk k d k kd 32-yg;aom 0dyguf0nmPftm; (ememuPu) urypn;jzifif;? yuwlyed,ypn;jzifif; aus;Zl;yuke\/ d d f h f h f
34
622/ y#doaEumvjzpfyum;-]]<uif;aom 19-yg;aom 0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk wif rdrtm;avsmfaom kH G d y#doaEjzifh rjzpfaom 0dnmPfrnfonf wpHwckrQ rS}d }[k qkcaom pum;onf tvGeusOf;aomaMumifh odem; k d hJ f vnf&ef cJ,Of;\? xdYk aMumifh xdpum;\ tus,fenf;udk jyjcif;tusKd;iSgk ]]y#doaEwYkd onf tb,frQSueoenf; y#doaEpwf wdYk onf tb,frQSuef d k f d d k oenf; tb,fpwjf zifh tb,fb0 y#doaEonf jzpfoenf; y#doaE\ tmkHonf d tb,fenf; [laom ar;cGe; taygif;udk xkwqtyf\/ f f kd (tajzum;) tonowf (ky) y#doaEEiwuG y#doaEwYdk onf 20-Sdukef\? y#doaE pdwwYdkonf f S hf f qktyfcNhJ yD;aom tjym;Sueaom 19-yg;wkYd yifwnf;/ xdk 19-yg;wkYd wif tukov0dyguf t[dwraem 0dnmP d d k f G f "mwfjzifh tyg,f 4-bHwYdk y#doaEonfjzpf\/ ukov0dyguf (t[dwf raem0dnmP"mwf)jzifh vlYavmu k 0rf;wGi;uef; 0rf;wGi;em;yif; 0rf;wGi;l; 0rf;wGi;t eyke; tpSaom olwYkd \ (y#doaEonf jzpf\)/ Spfyg; f f f f f d aom o[dwf umrm0p&0dygufpwwYdkjzifh umrm0p&ewf (jynf 6-xyf) wkYd if;? vlwYdk if; bke;uHaom d f f dS olwYkd \ y#doaEonfjzpf\/ ig;yg;aom lyg0p&0dygufpwwYdkjzifh lyjA[mavmu (y#doaEonf jzpf\)/ d f h av;yg;aom tlyg0p&0dygufpwwYdk jzifh tlyavmu (y#doaEonf jzpf\)/ xdrwyg; tMuifpwjf zifh tMuif d f k S d bH y#doaEonf 181 jzpf\/ xdb xdy#doaEonfyifvQif xdpwtm;avsmfaom y#doaErnf\/ xdkrSwyg; k k kH k k d f y#doaE\ tmkwYdk onf tusOf;tm;jzifh twdwf ypKyef e0wA-rqdktyfaom tmkH[l oHk;yg;wkdYyifwnf;/ H tonowf y#doaErm tmkrS[k odtyf\/ S H d xdy#doaEwYdk wi?f 0g? xko;yg;aom tmkwYkd wif 0dnmPOm,we y#doaE ae0onmemonm,we k G d kH H G y#doaEwYdk \ tmkHonf twdwom jzpfonf/ q,fyg;aom umr0p&y#doaEwYdk \ (tmkHonf) twdwfaomfif; f ypKyeaomfif; jzpfonf/ <uif;aom y#doaE ckepfyg;wkYd \ (tmkHonf) (twdwf[lif; ypKyef[lif;) f rqdtyfaom e0wAomvQif jzpfonf/ k
y#doaEpdwfjzpfyHkudk jyqdkcsuf
qkconftwdi; oH;yg;aom tmkwYdk jzpfaom y#doaEonf twdwvQif tmkonfrvnf; jzpfaom d hJ h k f k H f H dS l e0wAvQif tmkonfrvnf; jzpfaom pkwpw\ tjcm;rJomvQif jzpf\? ypKyevQif tmkaom pkwpwf H dS l d d f h f H dS d d rnfonfum; rSacs? xdYk aMumifh (twdwEihf e0wA [laom) tmkH 2-yg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg;vQif tmkH Sdaom d f S pkwpw\ tjcm;rJh (twdwf ypKyef e0wA [laom) tmkH 3-yg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg;vQif tmkHSdaom y#doaE\ d d f ok*wd 'k*wwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfykH tjcif;t&mudk odtyf\/ d f 623/ jzpfykH tjcif;t&m tus,fum;-aS;OD;pGm (jy&efrm) umrm0p& ok*wdb wnfaom raumif;rIuH S kH Saom yk*Kd vftm; ]](aS;uybl;aom) xdk raumif;rIuwYdk onf xdraumif;rIukd ycJaom oltm; xdk aocgeD;qJqJ d H k h umv (naecsr; awmif&yrsm; wGusvmukeouJoYkd) usvm-xifvmuke\}} odkY tpSonfukd bk&m; f d f J f h f d a[mawmfraomaMumifh ao&tHaom anmifapmif; vJavsmif;aepOf qnf;yl;tyfcwi;aom raumif;rIuH l h hJ kd f onfaomfif; (xduH ypOfu &cJaom tmkjH zpfaom) urerwonfaomfif; raem'Gg& ([laom pdwx) xifay: k h d d f f J vmjcif;odYk a&muf\/ xdk xifay:vmonfh uH urerdwfudk tmkHy jzpfaom w'gkHtqHk;Sdaom aZm0Dx\ d d tjcm;rJ b0if\ tmkukd tmkH yvsuf pkwpwonf jzpf\/ xdpwpwf csKyfvwfaomf xifay:jcif;odYk a&mufaom? h H d d f k k d d 0g? xifay:aeaom xduukd omvQifjzpfap? xdurerwuomvQif jzpfap tmkH y rjywfpao;aom udavom\ k H k d d f kd J tpGr;u txl;Twaptyfaom? 0g? txl;TwaptyfaomaMumifh 'k*wb tusKH;0ifaom y#doaEpwonf f f f d kH d f jzpfay:\/ onfum; twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom pkwdpdwf\ tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) twdwvQif tmkaom h f H dS y#doaEaywnf;/ tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vftm; qdcNhJ yD;aom tjym;Saom raumif;rI uH\ tpGr;tm;jzifh i&JponfwYdk rD;vQH k d f rD;awmuf\ tqif;tpSaom 'k*werwonf raem'Gg& xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\? xdy*Kd vftm;? 0g? d d d d f k k xdy*Kd vf\ pdwtpOfoEmef b0if 2-Budrf jzpf csKyfNyD;vwfaomf xdk *wderwtmkukd tmkH y wBudraom k k f d d f H f tm0Ze;if;? aojcif;\ eD;onf\tjzpfaMumifh EkYH pmjzpfaom t[keMdS uaomaMumifh 5-Budraom r&PmoE f G f f aZmwdYk if;? 2-Budraom w'gkwYkd if;-odYk tm;jzifh oH;rsKd;aom 0DxpwwYdk onf jzpfue\/ xkYd aemif b0if\ f H k d d f k f tmkHudk tmkHy wBudrfaom pkwpwonf jzpf\/ rQjzifh 11-ckaom pdwuPwkYd onf vGeavuke\/ d d f f f
35
xdtcg xdy*Kd vftm; <uif;ao;aom pdwuP 5-ckrQ toufaom? 0g? pdwuP 5-csufrQ touf<uif; k k k dS Sdao;aom xd*wderwtmkyifvQif y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\/ onfum; twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom pkwd\ k d d f H d f tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) ypKyevQif tmkaom y#doaE aywnf;/ h f H dS 182 tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vftm; aocgeD;umv (puK'Gg& tpSaom) ig;yg;aom 'Gg&wkYd wif wyg;yg; d G aom 'Gg& &m* ponfwYdk\ taMumif;jzpfaom? 0g? &m*ponfwYdk\ tmktaMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh ,kwnaom H f hH (ted|) tmkHonf xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\/ xdk yk*Kd vftm; tpOftwdi; 0ka|m tqH;Saom 0Dxpwf jzpfNyD; k f k d d d vwfaomf aojcif;\ eD;onf\tjzpfaMumifh EkYH pmjzpfaom t[keMdS uaomaMumifh 5-BudrfaomaZmwkdYonfif;? 2G f Budraom w'gkwYkd onfif; jzpfue\/ xkdYaemif b0if\ tmkukd tmkH y wBudraom pkwpwonf jzpf\/ f H k f H f d d f rQjzifvnf; 2-Budraom b0ifwYkd if;? tm0Ze;if;? 'eac: puK0dnmPfif;? or#pKd ef;if;? oE&Pif;? h f f d D 0ka|mif;? 5-Budraom aZmwkYd if;? 2-Budraom w'gkwYkd if;? pkwpwwBudrif;-odYk tm;jzifh 15-ckaom f f H d d f f pdwuPwkYd onf vGeavuke\/ xdtcg xkd yk*Kd vftm; pdwuP wcsufrQ touf<uif;Sao;aom xdurerwf f f k d k d d tmkyifvQif y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\/ onfvnf; twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom pkwd\ tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) H d f h ypKyevQif tmkaom y#doaEaywnf;? qktyfcaom jzpfyonf aS;OD;pGm (jy&ef tpOfa&mufaom) f H dS d hJ kH twdwvQif tmkaom ok*wd pkw\ tjcm;rJ twdwEihf ypKyevQif tmkH Saom 'k*wy#doaE\ jzpfykH f H dS d h f S f d d tjcif;t&maywnf;/ 624/ xkrwyg; 'k*wbwnfaom qnf;yl;xm;onfh tjypfuif;aom ukovuaom yk*Kd vftm; qktyf d S d kH kd f H dS d cJNh yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif xdk tjypfuif;aom ukovuonfaomfif;? (xduukd ypOfu &cJaom tmkjH zpfaom) h kd f H k H h urerwonfaomfif; raem'Gg& xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\/ odYk tp Sonfjzifh rnf;npfaomtzdYk (uPS d d f d yu) jzLpifaom tzdYk (okuyu)udk vJv,xm; tvH;pHukd aS;enf;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ onfum; S f k k h twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom 'k*wdpkwd\ tjcm;rJ twdwEihf ypKyevQif tmkaom ok*wdy#doaE\ jzpfykH tjcif; h f S f H dS t&m aywnf;/ 625/ xkrwyg; ok*wdb wnfaom qnf;yl;xm;onfh tjypfuif;aom ukovuaom yk*Kd vftm; d S kH kd f H dS ]](aS;u ybl;aom) xkaumif;rIuwYkd onf xdaumif;rIukd ycJaomoltm; xkaocgeD;qJqJ umv (naecsrf; d H k h d awmif&yrsm; wGusvmukeouJoYkd) usvm xifvmuke\}} odYk tpSonfukd bk&m;a[mawmfraomaMumifh d f J f h f d l ao&tHaom anmifapmif; vJavsmif;aepOf qnf;yl;tyfcwi;aom ukovf uHonfaomfif;? (xkuH ypOfu h hJ dk f kd d &cJaom tmkjH zpfaom) urerwonfaomfif; raem'Gg& xifay:vm jcif;odYk a&muf \/ (ukovuonfaomfif; h d d f kd f H urerwonfaomfif;[k qkaom) xdk ted,r (ude;ao r[kwaom) pum;udvnf; qnf;yl;xm;aom d d f d f f k umrm0p& ukovuoEiom (qdionf[k odtyf\)/ qnf;yl;xm;aom r[*Kwfuaom yk*Kd vftm;rlum; kd f H dS l S hf k f H dS urerwonfomvQif xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\/ xdxifay:aom uH urerwukd tmkH y jzpfaom w'gkH d d f k d d f tqH;Sonfrvnf; jzpfaom w'gkuif;vsuf oufoufr vnf; jzpfaom aZm0Dx\ tjcm;rJ b0if\ tmkHudk k d l H l d h tmkH y pkwpwonf jzpf\/ xdpwpwf csKyfvwfaomf xifay:cJaom xkuuomvQifjzpfap? xdurerwuom d d f k k d d h d H kd k d d f kd vQif jzpfap tmkH y rjywfpJ ao;aom udavom\ tpGr;u txl; Twaptyfaom ok*wdb tusKH;0ifaom f f kH y#doaEpwonfjzpfay:\/ onfum; twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom pkwd\tjcm;rJ twdwvQif tmkonfrvnf; d f h f H dS l jzpfaom e0wA-(uodP; paom ynwf)vQif tmkonfrvnf;jzpfaom y#doaE aywnf;/ k f H dS l tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vftm; aocgeD;umv umr0p& ukovu\ tpGr;tm;jzifh vlYav mu trd0rf; kd f H f \ eDaomtqif;[k qdtyfonfrvnf;jzpfaom ewfavmu O,smOf Adrmef ya'omyif ponfwYdk\ tqif;[k k l qdtyfonfrvnf;jzpfaom ok*wderwonf raem'Gg& xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\/ xkd yk*dK vftm; 183 'k*wd k l d d f edrw jytyfcNhJ yD;aom tpOfjzifomvQif pkwpw\ tjcm;rJ y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\/ onfum; twdwf d f h d d f h d f vQif tmkHSdaom pkwd\ tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) ypKyevQif tmkaom y#doaEaywnf;/ h f H dS tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vftm; aocgeD;umv aqGrsKd;wkYd onf ]]cspfom;? oif\ (ewfmedAmef) tusKd;iSg G bk&m;tm; ylaZmfjcif;udk y (tyf)ayonf? pdwukd Munfvifygapavmh}} odYk ponfjzifh ajymMum;uke yef;qdi; f f k f wHcef ukum; ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tqif;lygkukd jzpfap? w&m;emjcif; wl&,mjzifh ylaZmfjcif; ponfwYdk \ G f H d tpGr;tm;jzifh toH-o'gkukd jzpfap? tcd; txHk eYom ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh teHY-*EmkH udjk zpfap? ]]cspfom;? f H k H f vsufz,ukd vsufMunfygavmh? oif\tusKd;iSg vtyfaom vz,jf zpfonf}} odYk ponf jzifh ajymMum;uke G f h G f ysm;&nf wifvJ ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh t&mom &omkukd jzpfap? ]]cspfom;? t0wfukd txnfukd prf;oyf f H
36
awGYxMd unfygavmh? oif\tusKd;iSg vtyfaom vz,jf zpfonf}} odYk ponfjzifh ajymMum;uke pdeYf jynfjzpf h G f (wkyjf ynfjzpf) txnf aomrm&jynfjzpf txnfponfwYdk\ tpGr;jzifh tawGY-azm|Amkujkd zpfap ig;'Gg& f H aqmifay;uke\/ xkd yk*Kd vftm; xifay:jcif;odYk a&mufaom tqif;tpSaom xdtmk tpOftwdi; jzpfaom f d k H k f 0ka|m\tqH;? 0g? 0ka|m tqH;Saompdwf jzpfNyD;vwfaomf aojcif;\ eD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh EkYpm jzpfaom k k d H G t[keMdS uaomaMumifh 5-Budraom r&PmoEaZmwdYk onfif;? 2-Budraom w'gkwYdk onfif; jzpfue\/ xdkY f f f H k f aemifb0if\ tmkukd tmkH y wBudraom pkwpwonf jzpf\/ xdpwpwf tqH; pdwuP 1-csufrQ H f d d f k k d d k wnfjcif; Saom xdk (r&PmoEaZm\) tmkyif y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\? onfvnf; twdwvQif tmkH d H d f f Saom pkw\ tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) ypKyevQif tmkaom y#doaEaywnf;/ d d h f H dS 626/ xdrwyg; yx0DuodP;psmef ponfwYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh &xm;aom r[*Kwfw&m; Sonfjzpf k S k f f d (lyg0p&) ok*wd wnfaom wjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vftm; aocgeD;umv umr0p&uk ukovuEihf urerwf kd f H S d d *wderwwYdk wif wyg;yg;onfaomfif;? yx0DuodkPf; tpSdaom urerwonf aomfif;? yXrESiwwd, d d f G d d f hf tly r[*Kwf pdwonfaomfif; raem'Gg& xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\ ? puK'Gg&ESihf aomw'Gg&wkYd wif wyg; f G yg;aom 'Gg& ukovjf zpfjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom aumif;jrwfaom tmkonfrvnf; xifay:vmjcif;odYk kd H l a&muf\/ xkd yk*dK vftm; tpOftwdi; jzpfaom 0ka|m\ tqH; aojcif;\ eD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh EkYH pmjzpfaom k f k G t[kef SMd uaomaMumifh r&PmoEaZmwdYk onf 5-Budrom jzpfue\/ ly tly r[*dKwfbHk wnfaom f k f yk*Kd vfwYkd tm; w'gkH (jzpfjcif;) rSaomaMumifh aZm\ tjcm;rJomvQif b0if\tmkHukd tmkH y pkwpwwBudrf d h d d f jzpf\/ xdk pkwpw\ tqH; umrm0p& ok*wd r[*Kwfo*wdwYdk wif wyg;yg;aom ok*wd tusKH;0ifaom d d f k k G xifNrJwi;aom tmkwYkd wif wyg;yg;udk tmkH yaom y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\/ onfum; e0wAvQif dk f H G d f tmkHSdaom (lyg0p&) ok*wdpkwd\ tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) twdwf ypKyef e0wA tmkwYkd wif wyg;yg;udk tmkH y h H G aom y#d oaE aywnf;/ qdcNhJ yD;udk tpOfr;ojzifh tlypkw\vnf; tjcm;rJ (jzpfaom) y#doaEukd odtyf\/ (625-tyd'rS k DS d h k f p qdcaom) jzpfytjcif;t&monf twdwEihf e0wAvQif tmkHSdaom ok*wdpkw\ tjcm;rJ twdwf k hJ kH f S d h e0wA ypKyevQif tmkaom ok*wdy#doaE\ jzpfykH tjcif;t&maywnf;/ f H dS 184 627/ xkrwyg; 'k*wbwnfaom raumif;rIuaom yk*Kd vftm; qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif d S d kH H dS k h xdraumif;rIuonfaomfif;? urerwonfaomfif;? *wderwonfaomfif; raem'Gg& xifay:vmjcif;odYk k H d d f d d f a&muf\? odYk r[kwf tukovjf zpfjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom (ig;yg;aom) tmkonf ig;yg;aom 'Gg& xifay:vm kd H jcif;odYk a&muf\/ xkoYkd xifay:vmaomtcg xdk yk*Kd vftm; tpOftwdi; (jzpfaom) pkw\tqH; 'k*w d k f d k d tusKH;0ifaom xkd xifay:aom tmkwYdk wif wyg;yg;udk tmkH yaom y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\/ onfum; H G d f twdwfvQif tmkHSdaom 'k*wdpkwd\ tjcm;rJ twdwEihf ypKyevQif tmkaom ('k*w) y#doaE\ jzpfytjcif; h f S f H dS d kH t&maywnf;? rQaom pum;tpOfjzifh 19-yg; tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom 0dnmPf\ y#doaE udptm;jzifh d jzpfjcif;udk jytyfNyD; jzpfayNyD/ 628/ xdk qdcaom tvH;pHvnf; jzpfaom 0dyguf 0dnmPfonf qdcaom enf;jzifk hJ k k k hJ h y#doaEcP jzpfvwfaomf ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh (aus;Zl; yaom) uHaMumifh jzpf\/ xkYd jyif f rd (a&maomy#doaE) tpSueaom tjym;wkYd jzifh 0dyguf0nmPf\ 'k0" (2-yg; d k f d d tjym;) tpSaom tjym;udk (odtyf\)/ d xdtusOf;csKyf (*gxm) pum;\ tus,fum;-19-tyg; tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom 0dyguf 0dnmPf k d onf y#doaEcP jzpfvwfaomf ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh (aus;Zl;yaom) uHaMumifjh zpf\/ rSeay\? rdrEiqiaom f f d S hf kd f Zeu (jzpfapwwfaom) uHonf 0dyguf0nmPftm; ememuPuur ypn;jzifif;? yuwlyed, ypn; d d f h f jzifif; aus;Zl;yay\/ (rjy&ao;aom) om"uudk jy&vQi-]]ukodkvf tukodkvfuHonf 0dyguftm; Oyed, h f ypn; (ow)jzifh aus;Zl;y\}} [laom pum;udk (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\/ xdkrSwyg; odkY f d G (uHaMumif) jzpfaom 0dnmPf\ rd (kyEihf a&maom y#doaE) tpSueaom tjym;wkYd jzifh .... 'k0" (2-yg; h f S d k f d tjym;) tpSaom tjym;udk odtyf\/ d
37
xdtjym;um; tb,fenf;[lr 0dyguf0nmPfonf y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;om jzpfjim;aomf k l d f vnf; kyEiwuG a&m-ra&m (rd -trd) tjym;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ umrb0 lyb0 tlyb0wdkY\ f S hf tjym;tm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;Sd\/ OrSaygufzm;aom t@Za,med oli,ftr-tcsif;rS aygufzm;aom ZvmAkZ G d f G a,med tnrS aygufzm;aom oHao'Za,med teD; usvmouJoYkd ud,xifm; tjynftpHk jzpfaom Moyygwd d G h k f S h ua,medwYdk\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 4-yg; tjym;Sd\? (ed&,-ayw-wd&pme-a'0-rEk) *wdwYdk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 5yg;tjym;Sd\/ 0dnmPf\wnf&m-0dnmP|dwwYdk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 7-yg; tjym;Sd\/ ow0gwdkY\ae&m ow0go d wkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 8-yg; tjym;Sd\/ 629/ xkdrdESifh trdy#doaE 0dnmPf 2-yg;wkYd wif G rd (kyEia&maom y#doaE0nmPf)onf bm0kyf (S-rS) tjym;tm;jzif h 2-yg; tjym; f S hf d d d Sd\/ xkd 2-yg;wdkYwGif o-bm0 (bm0kyaom y#doaE) 0dnmPfonfvnf; 2-yg; tjym;Sd f dS jyef\/ tp( qdcaom rd -y#doaE0nmPf)ESiwuG t,kwtenf;tm;jzif'ouuvmyf k hJ d hf f h wkYd onf 2-ck jzpfap? 3-ck jzpfap (jzpfue\)/ k f csJYjytHh? rdonf bm0kyf tjym;tm;jzifh 2yg; tjym;S\ [lonfum;- qdcaom rd(kyEihf d k hJ f S a&maom) y#doaE0nmPfEihf trd (kyEira&maom) y#doaE0nmPf wkYd wif rd -y#doaE0nmPfonf d S f S hf d G d tlyb0udk MuOf? 0g? tlyrS wyg;aom b0wdYk jzpf\/ xdr -y#doaE 0dnmPfonf lyb0 waÈ k d d yk&oaÈ[k qdtyfaom bm0kyEihf uif; jzpfjcif;aMumifif;? umrb0 Zmwdy@Kuf\ y#doaEukd MuOf? 0g? d d k f S h Zmwdy@Kuf\ y#doaErS wyg;qdvQif bm0kyEihf wuGom jzpfjcif;aMumifif; o-bm0-bm0kyaom y#doaE k f S h f dS 0dnmPf t-bm0-bm0kyf rSaom y#doaE 0dnmPf[k 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ d 185 xdk2-yg;wdkYwGif o-bm00dnmPfonfvnf; 2-yg;tjym;Sjd yef\ [lonfum;-xdk 2-yg;wkYd wivnf; G f o-bm0y#doaE0nmPfonf trjzpfaMumif;-wbm0kyf txD; jzpfaMumif;-ykrm0kywYkd wif wyg;yg;ESiwuG d d f G hf jzpfjcif;aMumifh 2-yg; tjym;SonfyifvQif jzpfjyef\/ d tpESiwuGt,kw-tenf;tm;jzifh 'ouuvmyfwYkdonf 2-ckjzpfap 3-ckjzpfap [lonfum;-rd hf f trd[laom 'kuf (wpH) tpjzpfaom lyrd -kyEihf a&maom tMuif y#doaE 0dnmPfonf (S\)? xdk k f S d y#doaE0nmPfEiwuG 0wK'ou um,'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 'ou uvmyf 2-ckwYkd onfaomfif;? 0wK d S hf f 'ou um,'ou bm0'ouwkYd\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 'ouuvmyf 3-ckwYkd onf aomfif; t,kwq; tenf;qH; f kH k tm;jzifh jzpfue\/ 'ou uvmyf 2-ck 3-ckatmuf kyfwdkY\ ,kwavsmhjcif;rnfonf rSawmhay/ qufO;tH/ k f f d D h qkconftwdi; t,kwq;-tenf;qH; jzpfaom xdk kyuvmyf twdi;tSnonf jzpfvwfaomf t@Z d hJ h k f f kH k f k f f ZvmAkZ trnfSdaom 2-yg;aom a,medwYdk ZmwdOPmac: od;arG;\ wckaomtrQifjzifh (ESp) xkw,tyfaom k f f l axmywfMunf yrmP Svsuf uvv-a&Munf[k &tyfaom trnfvsuf jzpfay:\/ (a,medwYdk jzpfay:\d dS [k qdcaom) xdaSYpum;&yf a,medwYdk \ *wdtpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfoif-rjzpfoifh tjym;udk odtyf\/ k hJ k f h 630/ odtyfaom xdtjym;um;-xda,medEihf *wdwYkd wif ed&,*wdac: i&J(if;)? bkrZ0; k k S G kd f ewfrS wyg;aom a'0*wd qdi&m ewfwYkd if;? (t@Z ZvmAkZ oHao'Z-[laom) aS;ydi; k f k f a,med 3-yg;wdYk rSue/ (<uif;aom wd&pme ayw rEk -[laom) *wd 3-yg; a,med d k f av;yg;vH; wdYk onfvnf; Sue\/ k d k f xdtusOf;csKyf (*gxm) pum;&yf ewfwYkd if; [l&m0,f if;-[laom o'gjzifh i&Jif; bkrZ0;rS wyg; k kd f aom ewfwYkd if; (rSueo) uJoYkd twlyif tNrJr;avmifc& qmavmifjcif; SMd uaom (edZmrwPSu) d k f h D H d NydwmwdYk vnf; aS;ydi; a,med 3-yg;wkYd rSMd u[k odtyf\/ rSeay\? xdk edZmrwPSu NydwmwdYk onf OyygwfwYdk k f f d omvQif jzpfue\/ <uif;aom wd&pmef Nydwm vl-[k qdtyfaom *wd 3-yg;if;? aS;0gus MuOfcaom k f k hJ bkrZ0;ewfwYkd if; a,med av;yg;vH;wkYd onfvnf; Sue\/ xdk a,medwYdk wif kd f k d k f G (Oyygwfa,medaom) lyjA[mwdYk oH;q,faom kywYkd onfif;? ud;yg;aom kywYkd onfif; dS k f k f (y#doaEpwEiwuG jzpfue\)/ xdrwyg; ukeaom oHao'Za,med Oyygwfa,med Saom d f S hf k f k S f d ow0gwkYd tvGeq;-trsm;qH;tm;jzifh ckepfq,faom kywYkd onf (y#doaEpwEiwuG jzpfuef f kH k f d f S hf k
38
\)? odYk r[kwf t,kwq;-tenf;qH;tm;jzifh oH;q,faom kywYkd onfaomfvnf; (jzpfue\)/ f kH k k f k f aS;OD;pGm (jyoifaom) Oyygwf a,medaom ow0gwkYd twGi;0ifaom lyjA[mwkYd puK'ou aomw h dS f 'ou 0wK'ouwdYk Eihf ZD0we0u uvmyftm;jzifh 4-yg;aom uvmyfwYdk \ tpGr;jzifh oH;q,faom kywYkd onf S d f k f if;? ud;yg;aom kywYkd onfif; y#doaEpwEihf twlwuGjzpfue\/ xkdrSwyg; lyjA[mwkYd ukd xm; wyg; k f d f S k f ukeaom oHao'Za,med Oyygwfa,med Sueaom ow0gwkYd tvGeq;-trsm;qH;tm;jzifh puK'ou aomw f d k f f kH k 'ou Cme'ou Zd0g'ou um,'ou 0wK'ou bm0'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ckepfq,faom kywYdk onf S f f (jzpfue\)? xdycepfq,fwYdk onfvnf; (aumif;uifwnf umrm0p&) ewfwYkd tNrJwrf;yif (jzpfue\)/ (puK k f k k f k k f 'ou tpSaom) xdaSYpum;&yf tqif; teHY t&om MoZm "mwfBuD; 4-yg; puKyom' ZD0wkyf [laom kyf d k d q,fcktwdkif; tSnfSdaom kyftpk-kytaygif;onf puK'ou uvmyf (rsufpEiwuG kyq,fctaygif;) f d S hf f k rnf\/ <uif;aom 'ouuvmyf e0uuvmyfwYdk ukd enf;wlyif 186 odtyfue\/ t,kwfqHk;-tenf;qH; k f k tm;jzifrum; y#doaEuef; y#doaEem;yif; jzpfvsuf y#doaEtm;jzifh Cme yom'csKYd ol eyke;tm; (y#doaEuyif h l f rsupd em; ESmcsKYd caom eyke;tm;) Zd0g'ou um,'ou 0wK'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh oH;q,faomkywYkd onf f hJ f S f k f jzpfue\/ xkYd jyif tvGeq; t,kwq;wdYk \ tv,fMum; oifavsmf aomtxl; BuHjcif;udk odtyfao;\/ k f f kH f kH h 631/ qkconftwdi; odem;vnfNyD;vQif wzefd hJ h k f cEm tmkH *wd [dwf a0'em yDwd 0dwuf 0dpm&wdYk jzifh pkwEihf y#doaEwYdk \ tcsif;csif; d S uGjJ ym;-ruGjJ ym;aom txl;udk odtyf\/ csJY jytHh? rd trdtm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Saom y#doaEEihf ,if; y#doaE\ twduf tjcm;rJjh zpfaom d S pkwwYdk \ qkcaom cEmponfwYdkjzifh uGjJ ym;-ruGjJ ym;aom txl;udk odtyf\/ um; xdk*gxm\ teufay d d hJ wnf;/ tb,foYkd odtyfoenf;[lr w&Hwcg cEm 4-yg; Sdaom tlypkwd\ tjcm;rJ cEm 4-yg; Sdonfyif l h vQijf zpfaom tmktm;jzifvnf; ruGjJ ym;aom y#doaEonf jzpf\? w&Hwcg r[*Kwf r[kwonfh A[d' tmkH H h f Sdaom (yXrtlypkwd\ tjcm;rJ) r[*Kwf tZwvQif tmkaom ('kw, pwkw tlyy#d oaEonf jzpf\)/ h H dS d onfum; aS;OD;pGm tlybHwYkd omvQif odaMumif;jzpfaom enf;aywnf;/ k xkdrSwyg; w&Hwcg cEm 4-yg;Sdaom tlypkwd\ tjcm;rJh cEm 5-yg;Saom umrm0p& y#doaEonf d (jzpf\)/ w&Hwcg cEm 5-yg; Saom umrm0p&pkw\aomfif;? lyg0p&pkwd \aomfif; tjcm;rJh cEm 4-yg; d d Saom tlyy#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ twlyif twdwfvQiftmkHSdaom pkwd\ (tjcm;rJ) ypKyevQif tmkH d h f Saom y#doaEonfjzpf\/ tcsKdY ok*wdpw\ (tjcm;rJ) tcsKdY 'k*wd y#doaEvnf; (jzpf\)/ t[dwfpkwd \ d k d h (tjcm;rJ) o[dwf y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ 'G[wpw\ (tjcm;rJ) wd[wy#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ Oayumo[ h d d f k d h d f *kwpw\ (tjcm;rJ) aomreo[*kwf y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ yDwd rSaom pkw\ (tjcm;rJ) yDwaom f k d h d d h d dS y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ 0dwuf rSdaom pkw\ (tjcm;rJ) 0dwuf Saom y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ 0dpm& rSaom d h d d pkw\ (tjcm;rJ) 0dpm&Saom y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ 0dwuf 0dpm& rSaom pkw\ (tjcm;rJ) 0dwuf 0dpm& d h d d d h Saom y#doaEonf (jzpf\)/ odYk tm;jzifif; xdxkd jyqkcaom uGjJ ym;jcif; txl;\ jyefvejf cif;tm;jzifif; d h k d hJ S h ,SOoifonf tm;avsmfpm ,SOaptyf\/ f h G f
39
twdwfb0rS ajymif;aTY rvmaMumif;

632/ qdconftwdi; 0dnmPfonf &tyfaom (t0dZm tpSdaom) taMumif; Sdonf k hJ h k f jzpf oabmw&m;rQ (jzpfvwfaomf) b0wyg;odYk uyfa&mufonf [l (qdtyf\)/ xdk0dnmPf k \ xdk twdwb0rS ajymif;aTYvmjcif;rnfonf rS?d xdk aS;b0rS taMumif;ESi?hf 0g? xdk aS;b0 f (NyD;cJaom) taMumif;ESihf uif;vnf; rjzpfay/ h csJYjytH?h qdconftwdi; 0dnmPfonf &tyfaom (t0dZm ponfEiwuG ocFg& [laom) k hJ h k f S hf taMumif;Sdonf jzpf? 0g? taMumif;udk &onfjzpf kyemrfoabmw&m;rQ jzpfvwfaomf b0wyg;odYk uyfa&muf f onf[k qdtyf\? ow0g jzpfay:onfr[kw?f ZD0 ac:aom toufaumif jzpfay:onf r[kw/ onfrQom k f ruao;? xkd 0dnmPf\ twdwb0rS ypKyeb0odYk ajymif;aTYvmjcif;onfvnf; rS?d xdtwdwb0rS? 0g? xdk f f k f twdwb0 (NyD;cJaom) taMumif;ESihf uif;vnf; ypKyeb0 xifm;jzpfjcif; rnfonf rSay/ xdk 0dnmPf f h f S d (\ jzpfy)udk xifm;aom vl\ pkwd y#doaE tpOfjzifh jyuket/ kH S f hH 187 twdwb0 rdr\ yifuoabmtm;jzifaomfif;? 0g? olYtvdvaomfif;? (rdrd olwyg;wdYk \) f d kd h k kd aoaMumif;vHYk vyrIjzifaomfif; eD;aom aojcif;Sonfjzpf? 0g? aovke;jzpf onf;rcHEiavmufatmif h d D kd f jyif;xefueaom tvH;pHaom t*FgBuD;i,f tpyfwYkd \ tzGYJ wYkdukd jzwfwwfueaom aocgeD; jzpfaom a0'em k f k k k f wnf;[laom "m;wdUk \ usa&mufjcif;-jzpfjcif;udk onf;rcHEiaom vl\ aeylx ypfcsxm;tyfaom xef;Gupr; kd f J f d f xef;GupuoYkd tpOftwdi; ajcmufaoGYqJ jzpfaeaom ud, puKpaom aÈwYdk csKyfuevwfaomf? 0g? f kd hJ k f k f k f csKyfueouJoYkd jzpfvwfaomf [',0wK\ wnf&m t&yfrQ um,daÈ r aÈ ZD0waÈwYdk wnfuevwfaomf k f h ed d d k f xdcP <uif;usefvsufaom ,',0wKudk rSaom 0dnmPfonf (rmwkCmwuwH ponfEir[*Kwfu[aom) k dS D S hf H l *kuH (rjywfr0J tyfaom) tmpdPuH (aocgeD;ytyfaom) tmoEuH (aS;b0 ycJaom) u#wm uHwYdk wif DS h G wyg;yg;aom <uif;aom t0dZm paom taMumif;udk &onfh ocFg&[k qdtyfaom uHukd jzpfap? xduu xifap k k H tyfaom urerwf *wderw(wkYd wif wyg;yg;)[k qdtyfaom tmkujkd zpfap tmkH y jzpf\/ qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; d d d d f G k H jzpfaeaom xdk 0dnmPfukd wPSmESihf t0dZmwkYd ukd ry,f&ao;aomaMumifh t0dZmu zH;uG,tyfaom tjypfaom k f dS xdk uH urerwf *wderwf [laom tmk wPSmu Twap\? pkw\teD; aZm0dnmPfEiwuG jzpfaom ocFg& d d d d H f d S hf wdYk onf (xd0nmPfukd xdutpSaom tmk) ypfcsuke\/ (r&PmoEaZm pkwd y#doaE [laom) pdwtpOf\ k d k H d H f f tpGr;tm;jzifh wPSmu Twaptyfonf jzpf ocFg&wkYd u ypfcstyfonfjzpf? 0g? ypfcstyfaom xd0nmPf f f k d onf bufurf; opfyif zGYJ csnftyfaom ud;udk qGui ajrmif;udk ckeausmfaom oluoYkd aS;b0 jzpfaom J kd f f hJ rS&m0wKudvnf; pGeYf \? uHu jzpfaptyfaom wyg;aom (aemufb0) rS&m0wKudk a&mufonf jzpfaomfif; D k D ra&mufonf jzpfaomfif; tm&rP tpSaom? 0g? tmkor,wu[aom ypn; (taMumif;w&m;)wkYd aMumihf d H k f H l f omvQif (tqufrjywf) jzpfom;\/ G quf Si;OD;th?H pkwEihf y#doaE0nmPfwYdk wif aS;0dnmPfukd xifm;Saom b0rS aGYavsm-ysufp; f d S d G S d D oGm;jcif;aMumifh pkwpw[k ac:qktyf\? aemuf0nmPfukd b0wyg;-b0opf\ tppGm tpyf jzpfaomaMumif?h d d f d d 0g? b0wyg; a,medwyg; *wdwyg; ponfwYdk ukd qufpyf wwfaomaMumifh y#doaEpw[k ac:qdtyf\/ xkdodkY d f k b0opf jzpfaom pdw0nmPfonf aS;b0rS ypKyeb0okYd vmonfvnf;r[kw?f xdaS;b0rS uH ocFg& f d f k (wPSmjzif) Twjf cif;uHpaom tmktpSaomtaMumif;udk MuOf? 0g? taMumif;ESiuif; xifm;jzpfay: h H d hf S vmonfvnf; r[kw[ odtyfayonf/ f l
40
yJhwifoHponfOyrm
633/ odkY (y#doaE0dnmPf\ aS;b0rS rvmjcif; aS;b0rS taMumif;ESivnf; ruif;rl) hf jzpfjcif; yJwifoH ponfwYkdonf yHwl OyrmwkYd jzpfMuayonf/ xkYd jyif tpOfoEmef\ pyfjcif; h k aMumifh wckwnf;-wa,mufwnf;\ tjzpfonfvnf; rS?d uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfonfvnf; rSay/ d csJYjyth?H y#doaE0nmPf\ aS;b0rS b0odYk rvmjcif;ESihf twdwb0 tusKH;0ifaom taMumif; d f wkYd aMumifh jzpfjcif; [laom t&m yJwifoH qDr;vQH wHqya&; rsufEm&dyvQif twlueaom oabm w&m; h D d f S f dS k f t&m0wKwdYk onf yHwl OyrmwkYd jzpfMuayonf? Si;OD;tH?h yJwifoH qDr;vQH wHqya&; rsufEm&dywYkd onf rlv toH k f h D d f S f ponfvQif taMumif;Sueonfjzpf jzpfay:uke\/ taMumif;\wnf&m t&yfwyg;odYk roGm;rl? 0g? taMumif; d k f f \ wnf&mrS wyg;aomt&yfoYkd roGm;rl jzpfay:ukeouJoYkd y#doaEpw0nmPfonfvnf; twlyif f h d f d jzpfayonf/ xkYd jyif odYk jzpf&m tpOfoEmef\ pyfjcif;aMumifh wckwnf;-wa,mufwnf; tjzpfonfvnf;rS?d uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfonfvnf; rSay/ tpOfoEmefjzifh pyfjcif;SvQif pifppf wckwnf;-wa,mufwnf; wlonf\ d d tjzpfonf tu,f jzpfjim;th?H odYk jzpfvQif EdYk &nfrjS zpfaom EdYk "rf;rnfonf rSav&m/ odYk r[kwf pifppfujJG ym; d onf\ tjzpfonfvnf; tu,f jzpfjim;tH?h odYk jzpfvQif EdYk "rf;onf EdYk &nfEihf pyfonf rjzpfav&m/ tvH;pHaom S k k taMumif;ESihf taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom tusKd;wdYk (tjypf a&mufyrm) enf;yifwnf;/ quf tjypfukd kH S azmfjyOD;tHh? qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; 2-pGef; 2-zufv; tjypf a&mufcaomf (]]oav;eD\rsK;aph? oav;eD\toD;}} kH hJ d odYk tpSaom) tvH;pHaom avmu a0g[m&\ ausysufjcif;onf 188 jzpfav&m\/ xkoYkd avmua0g[m&\ d k k d ysufjcif;udvnf; tvdrStyfay/ xkYd aMumifh (tpOfoEmefjzifh pyfaom taMumif;ESihf tusKd;jzpfaom) 0dnmPf k k d wkYd pifppf wckwnf;tjzpf wlonf\tjzpfuif; pifppf uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfuif; r,ltyfay/ kd kd
ta&;ygaom apm'emESifh ajzSif;csuf

634/ t&m (&yfwefY apm'uonf apm'emud) qd\? (qdyum;)-b0a[mif;rS b0opfoYkd rajymif;yJ k k k kH b0opf 0dnmPftopf\ xifm;jzpfjcif; [kwygrl vlY twabm SMd uaom cEma[mif;wdYk \ csKyfueNf yD; S f k jzpfMuaomaMumifif;? tusK; (0dnmPf)\ taMumif;jzpfaomuH\ xd(tusK;0dnmPfjzpf&m b0opf)odYk roGm;jcif; h d k d -ra&mufjcif;aMumifif; xd0nmPfonf (uHukd ycJaom olr) wyg;aomol\ tusK;onfvnf; jzpf&m\? (ytyf h k d h S d cJaom uHr) wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfonfvnf; jzpf&m\/ onfrQomruao;? (oabm w&m;rQ h S jzpfvwfaomf b0wyg;odYk uyfa&mufonf-[k qktyfaMumif; q&monfyif qdtyfcaomaMumifh tusKd;ud)cHpm;ol d k hJ k rSvQif xktusKd;onf tb,fol \tusK; jzpf&moenf;? xdYk aMumifh (oabmw&m;rQom jzpfay:vsuf b0wyg;odYk d d d uyfa&mufonf? ow0g toufaumifjzpfonf r[kw?f b0a[mif;rS b0opfoYkd ajymif;aTYjcif; rS-[k qdaom) d k tpD&if-tqdonf raumif;yg-[k qk\/ xkapm'em tajzudk qdtyfay\k d d k wckaom tpOfoEmef (jzpfay:vmaom) tusKd;onf wyg;aom oEmef\ tusKd;r[kw?f (xdoEmef jzpfcaom yrIur) wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifvnf; jzpfonfr[kw?f rsK;aph k hJ H S h d wdYk ukd yjyifpuysK;jcif;onf teufukd NyD;apEdiay\/ kd f d k f csJYjytH?h wckaom tpOfoEmef tusKd;jzpfvwfaomf? 0g? jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;onf xkd (uHjzpf&m w&m;tpk tpOfoEmef) pifppf wckwnf; wlonf \ tjzpfEihf xl;jcm; uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfwYdkukd y,fjrpf S xm;aomaMumifh wyg;aom oEmef-wyg;aom ol\ (tusKd;) [lif;? wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfonf) [lif;(qdktyf-qdoifonf) rjzpfay/ taMumif; ,kwum;-qdcaom teufukd rsK;aphwYdkukd yjyifpuysK;jcif;u k h d k hJ d kd f d NyD;apEdiygonf/ csJY jyth?H o&ufaph ponfwYdk ukd yjyifpuysKd; jcif;wkYd ukd yvQif xkrsKd;aph\ tpOfoEmef k f kd f d &tyfaom taMumif;Sygrl? 0g? taMumif;nDwygrl aemiftcg wyg; tusKd;xl;-toD;xl; jzpfay:vmvwfaomf? d T f 0g? jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;xl;-toD;xl;onf tjcm;wyg;aom rsKd;aphwYdk \ tusKd;-toD; r[kway? tjcm;wyg; f aom rsK;aphukd yjyifpuysK;jcif;aMumifh jzpfonfvnf; r[kway/ odYk aomf xdrsK;aphrsm;ESihf xdk yjyifpuysK;rIwYdkonf d kd f d f k d h kd f d toD;oD;&mXmeodYk um; ra&mufMuuke/ Oyrmtwlyif Oyar,sjzpfaom teufoabm\ NyD;pD;yHukd odtyf f k
41
ayonf/ onfrQomruao;? oli,f\ ud, uyf,Of xnfoi; ay;tyfueonf jzpf aemiftcg wyg;0,f k f S h G f k f vlBuD;\ ud,f ponfwYdk tusKd;udk ay;wwfueaom ynm twwf aq;ponfwYdk jzifvnf; qdcaom teuf k k f h k hJ (NyD;pD;jcif;)udk odtyfao;\/ cHpm;ol rSvQif xdtusKd;onf tb,fo\ tusK;jzpf&moenf;-[k qdaom xkpum;vnf;d k l d k d tusKd;\ jzpfay;jcif;jzifyifvQif oH;aqmifonf[k orkwjf cif;-ac:qkjd cif;onf NyD;\/ opfyif h k \ toD;jzpfay:jcif;jzifh oD;onf [korkwjf cif;-ac:qkjd cif; NyD;ouJoYkd yifwnf;/ h csJYjytH?h opfyif[k qdtyfueaom kyoabm w&m;wkYd \ wpdwjf zpfaom opfo;\ jzpfay:jcif;jzifyif k k f f D h vQif opfyifo;onf[if; toD;Sonf[if; ac:qdtyfouJoYkd xkYd twl ewfv[k qdtyfueaom cEm 5-yg; D l d l k h l k k f 4-yg;wkdY\ wpdwjf zpfaom oH;aqmifjcif;[k qdtyfaom csrf;om qif;&J [laom tusKd;\ jzpfay:jcif;jzifyifvQif k k h vlonf odYk r[kwf ewfonf oH;aqmif \ [lif;? csrf;om\ qif;&J\[lif; ac:qdktyf\/ xkYd aMumifh t&m k cEmwkYd rS wyg;aom oH;aqmifwwfornfaom (tw) uwm;jzifh wpHwckaom tusKd;rS[k qdtyf\/ k l k d k 189 635/ odYk b0a[mif;rS ajymif;aTYvmjcif; rSyJ b0opf xifm;jzpfjcif;ESihf xkoYkd jzpf&m0,f d S d apm'emzG,ukd ajzSi;jcif; oifavsmfjynfpjkH im;aomfvnf; ocFg&wkYd onf xifm;Suevsufrvnf; tusKd;tm; f f h h S d k f l aus;Zl;yukeoavm? odYk r[kwf xifm; rSuer aus;Zl;yukeoavm/ tu,f xifm;Suevsuf aus;Zl; f S d k f l f S d k f yMuygrl jzpfqcPyifvQif xdocFg&wkYd \ tusKd;0dygufonf jzpfay:&m\? odYk r[kwf rSuer aus;Zl;yMuygrl J k d k f l (xdocFg&wdYk ) jzpfay:onfrS aS;umvif;? aemufumvif; tNrJwrf; tusKd;udk aqmifay;wwf jzpfay: apwwf k onf jzpfue&m\-[l tMuif wpHwa,mufaomolonf qd&m\? xdouvnf; odYk ajymMum; ajzqktyf\k f k k k l kd d ytyfNyD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh ocFg&wkYd onf (tusKd;tm;) aus;Zl;ywwf uke\? odYk aomf f tNrJwrf; tusKd;udk aqmifwwf-jzpfay:apwwfonfum; r[kwMf uay/ xdt&m tmrcHjcif; k tpSaom yHwl Oyrmudk odtyfay\/ d k csJY jytH?h ocFg&wdYk onf ytyfNyD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifomvQif rdr\tusKd;tm; aus;Zl;ywwfue\? h d k f xifSm; Sdonf\ tjzpfaMumifaomfif;? xifm; rSonf\ tjzpfaMumifaomfif; (aus;Zl;ywwfMuonfum;) h S d h r[kwMf uay/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum;-]]umrm0p& ukovukd ytyfNyD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh qnf;yl; G l kH kd f tyfNyD;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh tusK; 0dyguf jzpfaom puK0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\}} odYk ponfyifwnf;/ odYk aomf d vnf; rdr\ xduoifaom tusKd;um; aus;Zl;yMuNyD;vQif wzef tusK;udk aqmifwwf jzpfapwwfonfum; d k f h d r[kwue?f (tb,faMumifqaomf) tusKd;0dygufukd &ifusufapMuNyD;-jzpfapMuNyD;aomaMumifh aywnf;/ qkcaom f k h h kd h d hJ xdteufoabmudk xifm;ap&m tmrcHjcif; tpSaom qdvwHh jzpfaom yHwl Oyrmudk odtyfay\-avmu k S d k k tMuifoonf wpHwckaom ypn;Opmudk jyefvnfay;tyf&eftwGuf tmrcHjcif;udk y\? b@m-toH;taqmif l k f k udrvnf; 0,f,\? ta<u;udrvnf; acs;,l\? xdo\ xdtmrcHjcif; 0,f,jl cif; acs;,ljcif;udk yjcif;rQonf k l l k l k l k omvQif xdoufqiaom ypn; Opmudk ay;tyfjcif; ponf aus;Zl;yaom taMumif; jzpfayonf/ tmrcHjcif; k dk f f paom Bud,m\ xifm;Sjd cif; rSjd cif;onf taMumif;r[kway/ xkYd jyif xkoufqiaom ypn;Opmuday;tyfjcif; S f d kd f f k ponfrS aemufumvvnf; wm0efukd aqmifonf-wm0efonfomvQif rjzpfawmhay/ tb,faMumifqaomfdS h h kd jyefvnf ay;tyfjcif; ponfwYdkukd ytyfNyD; jzpfaomaMumifh aywnf;/ twlyif ytyfNyD; jzpfaomaMumifomvQif h ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; rdr\tusKd;tm; aus;Zl;ywwfue\? xduwefaom tusK;uday;onfrS aemufumvvnf; d k f k f d k tusKd;udk aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwfonfum; r[kwMf uay[k odtyf\/ rQom pum; tpOfjzifh rd trdwkdY\ tpGr;jzifh 2-yg;tm;jzifvnf; jzpfaom y#doaE 0dnmPf\ ocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfyukd jytyfNyD; f h kH jzpfayNyD/
42
0dnmPf 32-yg;vHk;jzpfyHkudk aygif; jyqdkjcif;

636/ ,cktcg xkd 32-yg;aom 0dnmPftvH;pHwYdk yifvQif jzpfay:Edionfh awGa0jcif;udk y,fazsmufjcif; k k k f tusKd;iSgb0ponfwYdk y#doaE y0wwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh qkcaom ocFg&wkYd onf tMuif 0dyguf d f d hJ 0dnmPfwYdk tm; aus;Zl;yuke\? (xd0yguf0nmPfwYdk ukd odtyfue\)? urypn; tpSaom f k d d k f f d tMuiftjcif;t&m tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;yuke\? (xdtjcif; t&mtm;jzifvnf; xdocFg& h f k h k wkYd u) odtyfue\/ kd k f xd*gxm pum;&yf b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg; owm0go ud;yg; [laom k k k t&mwkYd onf b0ponfwYdk rnfue\/ b0ponfwYdk y#doaE umvif;? y0wumvif; qkcaom k f d d hJ ocFg&wkYd onf tMuif0yguf 0dnmPfwYdk tm; aus;Zl;ywwfue\/ (xdk 0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk ukd odtyfue\)? d k f k f urypn; paom tMuiftjcif;t&mtm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;ywwfue\? xdtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh (xdk ocFg&wkYd u) f h k f k kd odtyfue\/ um; *gxm\ teuf/ k f 190 xdotyfaom ocFg&ESihf 0dnmPfwYdk wif aS;OD;pGm (jy&ef tpOfa&mufaom) yknmbdocFg&xJwif k d G G umr0p& ukovapwem Spyg;tjym;Saom yknmbdocFg&onf omrntm;jzifh umrb0 ok*wdbrm 9 kd f f d kH S -yg; aom 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; y#doaE umv ememuPuurypn; jzifif;? yuwlyed,ypn;jzifif; odYk d d f h f h 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ lyg0p&ukovapwem ig;yg; tjym;Saom yknmbdocFg&onf lyb0 5-yg; kd f d aom 0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk tm; y#doaEumv omvQif aus;Zl;y\/ xdrwyg; qdtyfNyD;aom tjym;Saom umr0p&yknmbdocFg&onf umrb0 ok*wdbrm Oayum k S k d kH S o[*kwf t[dwraem0dnmP"mwfonf MuOftyfueaom? 0g? OayumoE&PrS wyg;ukeaom 7-yg; ukeaom f k f D f f umr (t[dwuov) 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; qdtyfNyD;aomenf;jzifyifvQif 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh y0w aus;Zl;y f k d k h d \? y#doaEumv aus;Zl;ry/ xdumryknmbdocFg&onfyifvQif lyb0 (ukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf aomw k 0dnmPf or#dpdKef; oED&P 2-ck [laom) 5-yg;aom 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; xdYk twlyifvQif y0w aus;Zl;y\? d d y#doaE r[kw/ xkrwyg; umrb0 'k*wbrm Spyg;vnf; jzpfueaom umr (t[dwuov) 0dyguf f d S d kH S f k f f k 0dnmPfwYdk tm; xdYk twlyif y0w aus;Zl;y\? y#doaE r[kw/ xd'*wbwYkdwif i&J r[marm*vmefax&f\ d f k k d kH G i&JoYkd vSnvnfaomtcg ponfwYdk |mkEihf awGYuHjcif;aMumifh xdynmbdocFg&u aus;Zl;yayonf? xdrS fh H S k k k wyg; wd&pmefwYkd if; wefc;BuD;aom NydwmwkYd if; |mkukd &tyf-&Edionfomwnf;/ dk H k f xdumryknmbdocFg&onfyifvQif umrb0 ok*wdbrm 16-yg;vH;vnf; jzpfueaom ukov 0dyguf k kH S k k f 0dnmPfwYdk tm; xdYk twlyif y0wif; y#doaEif; aus;Zl;y\/ omrntm;jzifrl (umrly) yknmbdocFg&onf d h lyb0 10-yg;ukefaom 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; xdYk twlyif y0wif; y#doaEif; aus;Zl;y\/ d d tukovapwem 12-yg; tjym;Saom tyknmbdocFg&onf umrb0 'k*wbrm wckaom (Oayum kd f d d kH S oE&P) 0dnmPftm; xkYd twlyif y#doaEumv aus;Zl;y\? y0w r[kw/ (Oayum oE&PrS wyg;aom) D d f D 6-yg;aom tukov0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk tm; y0w aus;Zl;y\? y#doaE r[kw/ ckepfyg;vH;vnf; jzpfaom d f k tukov0dyguf 0dnmPfwYdk tm; y0wif; y#doaEif; (aus;Zl;y\)/ d xdrwyg; umrb0 ok*wdbrm ckepfyg;aom xk0nmPfwYdk tm;yifvQif xkYd twlyif y0w aus;Zl;y\? k S kH S d d d y#doaE r[kw/ lyb0 (tukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf aomw0dnmPf or#pKd ef; oE&P[laom) 4-yg;aom f d D 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; xkYd twlyif y0w aus;Zl;y\/ y#doaEr[kw/ xkoYkd aus;Zl;yjcif;onfvnf; umrm0p& d d f d bH ted|jzpfaom tqif;udk jrifjcif; toHukd Mum;jcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpf\? jA[mavmurl ted|jzpfaom k f h lygkponfwYdk rSMd uay/ xkYd twlyif (aumif;uifb) umr0p& ewfjynfavmu vnf; (ted| lygkH ponfwYdk H kH rSMd uay)/ tmaeOmbdocFg&onf tlyb0 4-yg;aom 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; xdYk twlyif y0wif; y#doaEif; d d aus;Zl;y\/
43
191 qkconftwdi; aS;OD;pGm b0wkYd y#doaEy0wwYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFg&wkYd onf tMuif d hJ h k f d f 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; aus;Zl;yuke\? (xd0yguf0nmPfwYdk ukd odtyfue\)/ urypn; tpSaom tMuiftjcif; d f k d d k f f d t&mtm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;yuke\? xdtjcif;t&m tm;jzifh (xdocFg&wkYd u) odtyfue\/ enf;jzifyifvQif h f k k kd k f h a,medponfwYdk vnf; odtyfue\/ k f 637/ xkotyfaom 0dnmPfEihf ocFg&wdYk qdvwHaom pum;onf tpjzpfaom b0rSp t>rufrQ d d S k h jyjcif; aywnf;-ocFg&wkdYwGif aS;OD;pGm yknmbdocFg&onf 2-yg;aom (umr-ly) b0wkYd y#doaEukd ay;NyD;vQif tvH;pHaom rdr\ tusKd;0dygufukd jzpfap\/ xkdYtwl t@Z tpSdaom 4-yg;aom a,medwYdk if;? k k d ewfEiv[k qktyfaom 2-yg;aom *wdwYdkif;? (1) ud,vnf; uGjJ ym; y#doaEonmvnf; uGjJ ym;aom S hf l d k f emewum,emewonD (2) ud,omuGjJ ym; onmwlaom emewum,{uwonD (3) ud,w onm k f k f l uGjJ ym;aom {uwum,emewonD (4) ud,vnf;wl onmvnf;wlaom {uwum,{uwonD[k qdtyf k f k ukeaom 4-yg;aom 0dnmPf\ wnf&mbH-0dnmP|dwd wkYd if;? ton owm0gorl yknmobd ocFg& f k onf kyrQudomvQif yjyifwwfaomaMumifh 4-yg;omvQif jzpfukefaom (0dnmP|dwd 4-yg;ESihf t&wljzpfaom) f k ow0gwkYd \ae&m-owm0gowkYd if; y#doaEuay;NyD;vQif tvH;pHaom rdr\tusKd;0dygufukd jzpfap\?xkYd aMumifh kd k k d yknmbd ocFg&onf qkdcJhaom 2-yg;aom b0wdkYif;? 4-yg;aom a,medwkdYif;? 2-yg;aom *wdwYdk if;? 4-yg;aom 0dnmP|dwdwkdYif;? 4-yg;aom owm0gowdYk if; 21-yg;aom 0dyguf0nmPf wkYd tm; qdtyfNyD;aom d k enf;jzifyifvQif jzpfoifonftm;avsmpm y#doaEif;? y0wif; aus;Zl;y\/ h h f G d tyknmbdocFg&onfum; wckaom umrb0omvQif 4-yg;aom a,medwYdk if;? ewfvrS <uif;aom 3l yg;aom *wdwYdk if;? emewum,{uwonD[qtyfaom wyg;aom 0dnmP|dwwYdk if;? xkoYkd oabmSonf k dk d d d omvQif jzpfaom wyg;aom owm0goif; y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh &ifusufvsuf tusKd;ay;\? xkYd aMumifh f h tyknmbdocFg&onf wyg;aomb0if;? 4-yg;aom a,medwkdYif;? 3-yg; aom*wdwYkd if;? wyg;aom 0dnmP |dwwYdk if;? wyg;aom owm0goif; ckepfyg;aom 0dyguf0nmPf wkYd tm; qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif y#d d d k h oaEif;? y0wif; aus;Zl;y\/ d tmaeOmbdocFg&onfum; wyg;omvQif jzpfaom tlyb0if;? wyg;aom Oyygwf a,medif;? wyg; aom a'0*wdif;? tmumoeOm,we tpSueaom 3-yg;aom 0dnmP|dwwYdk if; tmumoeOm,we d k f d tpSdukefaom 4-yg;aom owm0gowkif; y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh &ifusufvsuf tusKd;ay;wwf\/ xdkY d f h aMumifh tmaeOmbdocFg&onf wyg;aomb0 wyg;aoma,med wyg;aom *wd 3-yg;aom 0dnmP|dwd 4-yg; aom owm0gowkdY 4-yg;aom tly0dyguf0nmPfwYdk tm; qdtyfcNhJ yD; aomenf;jzifyifvQif y#doaEif;? y0wd d k h if; aus;Zl;y\-[k odtyf\/ qkdcJhonfhtwdkif; .... 192 b0ponfwYkd y#doaE y0wwYdk tpGr;tm;jzifh qdcaom ocFg&wdYk onf tMuif d f k hJ 0dyguf0nmPf wkYd tm; aus;Zl; yuke\/ (xdk 0dyguf0nmPfwYdk ukd odtyfue\)? urypn; d f d k f f tpSaom tMuiftjcif;t&m tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;yuke\/ (xdtjcif;t&mtm;jzifvnf; xdk d h f k h ocFg&wdYk u) odtyfue\/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ kd k f qkcaom pum;onf ocFg&yp,m 0dnmPH [laomyk' tus,jf yqdaom pum;aywnf;/ d hJ f k
44
0dnmPyp,memrlyH - yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

638/ 0dnmPyp,m emrlyH - [laom yk'f .... emrfywYkd ukd cGjJ crf;a0befaomtm;jzifif;? b0ponfwYkd jzpfjcif; tm;jzifif;? aygif;,l k f h h jcif;tm;jzifif;? aus;Zl;yyHk enf;tm;jzifif; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ h h k csJY jytHh? emrfywYkd ukd cGjJ crf;a0befaomtm;jzif-[laom pum; emrf [lonfrSm tmkHqDodkY aS;I k f h Twwwf oGm;wwfaomaMumifh a0'emtpSaom 3-yg;aom cEmwkYd yif jzpfonf/ kyf-[lonfrm 4-yg;aom f d S r[mbkwfwkdYonfif;? r[mbkwf 4-yg;wdYk ukd pGr jzpfaom Oyg'gkywYdk onfif; jzpfMuayonf/ xdk emrfEihf kyf J DS f S wdYk ukd (okca0'em ponfjzifif;? yx0D"mwf ponfjzifif;) cGjJ crf;a0bef jcif;udk cEmwkYd ukd tus,fjyqd&m h h k cEea'o qdtyfcNhJ yD; jzpfayonf/ qkconftwdi; 0dnmPyp,m emrlyH [laom yk' aS;OD;pGm emrfyf d k d hJ h k f f k wkYd ukd cGjJ crf; a0befaomtm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd odtyfay\/ k b0ponfwYkd jzpfjcif;tm;jzif-[laom pum;vnf; (od&efrm)-emrfonf wckaom (onmrJ) owm h S h 0goudk csefxm; tvH;pHaom b0 a,med *wd 0dnmP|dwd (Spyg;aom) owm0go wkYd jzpf\? kyfonf 2-yg; k k f aom (umr-ly) b0 4-yg;aom a,med 5 -yg;aom *wd aS;jzpfaom 4-yg;aom 0dnmP|dwd (tonowf ESifhwuG) 5-yg;aom owm0gowkYd jzpf\/ qkconftwdi; jzpfvsufaom emrfywi?f 0g? emrfyxrS bm0kyf rSaom *Aao,suESihf d hJ h k f dS k f G k f J d t@Zow0gwkYd tm; y#doaEcP 0wK'ou um,'ouwkYd \=tpGrf;tm;jzifh kyfxJrS 2-ckaom (oEwoo) d D uvmyfpnf; tpOf\acgif;wdYk onf? 0g? uvmyfpnf; tpOf\ rlvt&if; uvmyfwYkd onfif;? 3-yg;aom (apwodu) emrf cEmwkYd onfif; xifm;jzpfay:uke\? xkYd aMumifh xdk bm0kyf csKdYaom *Aao,suESihf t@ZwkYd f S f tm;? 0g? *Aao,suESihf t@ZwkYd \ tus,ftm;jzifh lykyf tzdkYrSm? 0g? lykyxrS ESpq,faom w&m;wkYd Eihf f J f S oH;yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd [laom 23-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd ]]0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom emrfy}f } k l k [lodtyfukef\? r,ltyfao;onf udom,laom enf;jzifr?l 0g? ,ltyfNyD;udk xyf r,laomenf;jzifrl wckaom k h h oEwdoDorS 9-yg;aom kyfwdkYudk y,f 14-yg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd (odtyfue\)/ bm0kyaom *Aao,suESihf k f f dS t@ZwkdYtm; bm0'ouudk xnfh 33-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd (odtyfue\)/ if;wkYd tm;vnf; ,ltyfNyD;udk xyf k f r,laom enf;jzifrl oEwoo 2-ckrS 18-yg;aom kyw&m;wdYk ukd y,f 15-yg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd (0dnmPf h d D f aMumifh jzpfaom emrfy[k odtyfue\)/ k f k f xkrwyg; Oyygwf ow0gwdYk wif yXrpsmef jA[m ponfwYdk tm; y#doaEcP puK'ou aomw'ou d S G 0wK'ouESihf ZD0we0uuvmyfwYkd\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh kyftzdkYrSm 4-yg;aom oEwdoDo wkdYonfif;? 3-yg;aom d emrfcEmwkYd onfif; xifm; jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifh xdjk A[mwkYd tm; tus,ftm;jzifh lykyxrS 39-yg;aom w&m; S k f f J wdYk Eihf 3-yg;aom emrfcEmwkdY[laom 193 42-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd ]]0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh S l jzpfaom emrfy}f }[k odtyfue\/ ,ltyfNyD;udk xyf r,laom enf;jzifrl oEwoo 3-ckrS 27-yg;aom k k f h d D w&m;wdYk ukd y,f 15-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd (odtyfue\)/ k f xdrwyg; jA[mwkYd rS <uif;aom OyygwfwYkd tm;if; bm0kyonfjh yif puKpaom tm,we jynfpaom k S f dS h kH oHao'ZwkdYtm;if;? y#doaEcP kyftzdkYrS 7 -yg;aom oEwoowkYd onfif;? 3-yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd onfif; d D xifm;jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifh umrb0 xkOyygwfEihf oHao'ZwkYd tm; tus,ftm;jzifykyxrS 70-aom S k f d S h l f J w&m;wdYk Eihf 3-yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd [aom 73-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd ]]0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh S l jzpfaom emrfy}f }[k odtyfue\/ ,ltyfNyD;udk xyf r,laom enf;jzifrl kyoEwoo 6-ckrS 54-yg;aom k k f h f d D w&m;wdYk ukd y,f 19-yg;wdYk u(odtyfue\)/ qdcaom emrfyf ta&twGuonf tvGeq; trsm;qH;ay kd k f k hJ k f f kH k wnf;/ t,kwftavsmh-tenf;tm;jzifrum; xdxkd kyoEwoouvmyf csKdYwaom ow0gwkYd tm; xdxcsKdYwhJ h l k f d D hJ k kd aom uvmyf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ,kwap ,kwap? 0g? avQmh avQmh tusOf;tm;jzifif; tus,ftm;jzifif; f f f h h y#doaEcP 0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom emrfyf ta&twGuukd odtyf\/ l k f xdrwyg; tlyyk*Kd vfwYkd tm; emrfcEm 3-yg;wdYk uomvQif odtyfue\/ tonowf yk*Kd vfwYdk tm; k S kd k f kytzdYk rS ZD0we0uuvmyfyuomvQif odtyf\/ qdcaom pum;onf y#doaEcP od&ef enf;aywnf;/ f d k f kd k hJ
45
y0wumvrlum; kyjf zpf&mt&yfbkH tvH;pHwYdk y#doaEpwEihf wuGjzpfaom urZkywYkd wif Owkr?S 0g? d k k d f S f G Owkac: awaZm"mwfaMumifh Owkork|mefaom ok'|u-oufoufaom t|uuvmyf kyonf y#doaEpw\ dS f d f XDcP xifm;jzpf\/ y#doaEpwonfum; kyukd rjzpfapwwf? taMumif;rlum;-urf;yg;jywf usvke;-usqJ S d f f D jzpfaom a,musm;onf tjcm;aom usve;-usqJv\ taxmuftyHh jzpf&ef rpGr;EdiouJoYkd xkYd twlyif xdk f k D l f k f h y#doaEpwonf wnf&m0wKkyf tm;enf;aomaMumifh kyukd jzpfap&ef rpGr;Ediay/ y#doaEpwrtxufjzpfaom d f f f k f d f S aemufumvrl aS;OD;pGmjzpfaom yXrb0ifrS p pdwvQif jzpfaMumif; Saom ok'|u uvmyfonfjzpf\? f d y#doaEcPrSaemuf jzpfNyD;aom Owkac: awaZm"mwfaMumifif;? pdwaMumifif; o'e0uuvmyfonf toH h f h jzpfay:aom umv jzpf\/ uAVDum&-pm;rsKdtyfaom tm[m&udk rS toufif ukeaom *Aao,suow0g D S f wkUd tm; rlum; --trd0rf; wnfaom xdoi,f\ rdcifonf xrif; tazsmf[aom tMuif abmZOfukd k l l oH;aqmif\? rdcif oH;aqmifaom xdabmZOf jzifh trd0rf; wnfaeaom xdoi,fonf k k k k l xdtrd\ 0rf;xJrQwvsuf S\-[k k d qkaomaMumifh rdcif pm;rsKdtyfaom tm[m& tpOfavsmuftyfaom uk, (tm[m&vQif jzpfaMumif;Saom d d f d ok'|uuvmyfonf jzpf\)? Oyygwf yk*Kd vfwYdk tm; tvH;pHwYdk \ aS;OD;pGm rdr\cHwi;Saom wHaxG;udk rsKdaom k k d G f d tcg tm[m&vQif jzpfaMumif;Saom ok'|uuvmyfonf (jzpf\)? odYk jzpf tm[m&Z ok'|u uvmyfEihf d S OwkZpdwZ jzpfueaom tvGeq;tm;jzifh (jzpfEiaom) o'e0uuvmyf 2-ckwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 26-yg;aom k f f kH kd f f kyfEihf wckwckaom pdwuP 3-Budrjf zpfaom? 0g? 3-Budrf jzpfonfukd &nf aS;qktyfcaom 70-tjym; S d hJ Saom urZkytm;jzifh 96-yg; tjym;Sdaomkyfonfif; 3-yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd onfif; (jzpfay:uke\)? d f f odYk jzpfaomaMumifh tusO;tm;jzifh 99-yg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd (0dnmPfaMumifh jzpfaom emrfy[k odtyfue\)/ f k f k f wenf;um; toHyonf w&Hwcgomxifm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tNrJwrf;rS-ted,womwnf;? xkYd aMumifh xdOwkZ k f S d k pdwZ toHkyf 2-ckv;udk y,f qdcaom 97-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd jzpfoifonftm;avsmfpm tvH;pHaom kH k hJ h G k k ow0gwdYk \ ]]0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom emrfy}f }[l odtyf\/ rSeay\? xdtvH;pHaom k f k k k ow0gwkYd tm; tdyaysmfaeukeaomfvnf; arhavsmhaeukeaomfvnf; cJpm;aeukeaomfvnf; aomufaeukeaom f f f f f vnf; aeYif; nOfif; qkcaom (97-yg;aom) w&m;wkYd onf 0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh rjywf h d hJ l jzpfue\/ xdk 97-yg;aom w&m;wkYd \ 0dnmPfvQif taMumif;Sonf\ tjzpf [laom xdtjcif;t&mudrum; k f d k k l aemuf zGijhf yuket/ f hH qufO;tH?h uHaMumifh jzpfaom (urZ) kyonf 3-yg;aom b0 4-yg;aom a,med 5-yg;aom *wd 4-yg; D f aom 0dnmP|dwd 5-yg;aom owm0gowdYk tvH;pHwYdk \ aS;OD;pGm (jzpfvsu) wnfjim;aomfvnf; (pdwf Owk k k f tm[m& [laom oH;yg;aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom) wdork|medukyu raxmufy(tyf)vQif aumif;pGm k f hH (tSn) wnfjcif;iSgrpGr;Edi?f wdork|medukyonfvnf; xdurZkyu raxmufy(tyf)vQif (aumif;pGm wnfjcif; f f k f k f hH iSg) rpGr;Ediay/ pifppfaomfum; tzsm;csif; ,Suvsuf t&if;zufjzifh t&yfav;rsufEmwdYk toD;toD; NrJNrHpm f k f f S G csxm;tyfueaom (4-ckaom) usLpnf;wkYd onf avwdutyfueaomfvnf; aumif;pGm wnfueouJoYkd if; k f k f k f k f h (tcsif;csif; zGYJ w,f yl;uyfvsuf wnfueaom) avSysuf azmifysuwYdkonf r[mork'&m vIi;ykwcwftyfuef G k f f d f f k aomfvnf; wpHwckaom t&yf &tyfaom axmufwnf&m SueouJoYkd if; urZESihf wdork|medukywYkd onf k d k f h f tcsi;csi; axmufytyfueonfjzpf rydus rysup;MuyJ aumif;pGmwnfuevsuf wESpywfv;aomfvnf; 2f f hH k f f D k f f kH ESpywfv;aomfvnf;/ y/ tESpw&mywfv;aomfvnf; xdk ow0gwdYk \ toufwrf; ukeonfwiatmif jzpfap f kH f kH f kd f aumif;rIuueonfwiatmif jzpfap rjywfjzpfvsuf SMd uavonf/ qkconfh twdi; 0dnmP yp,m emrlyH H k f dk f d hJ k f [laom yk' b0ponfwYkd jzpfjcif;tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyfay\/ f h k 639/ xkdrSwyg; aygif;,ljcif;tm;jzif-[laom pum; (od&efrm) tlyb0 y0wEihf y#doaEwif;? h S d S dk yOa0gum&b0 (kyurjzpfapwwfonfh yO0nmPf jzpfq) y0wumvif; 0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh f dk d J d tMuif (apwodu) emrfonfomvQivnf; (jzpf\)? tonowf yk*Kd vfwYdk y0wEihf y#doaE tvH;pHwYkd if; f f d S k k yOa0gum&b0 y0wumvif; 0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh tMuifyonfomvQifvnf; (jzpf\)? d k f yOa0gum&b0 y0wEihf y#doaE tvH;pHwYdk 0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh tMuif emrfyf 2-yg;vHk; d S k k k onfvnf; (jzpf\)? xdk (emrfoufouf kyoufouf emrfyf 2-yg;pHk [laom) tvH;pHukd emr-emrfonfif; f k k k lykyfonfif; emrly-emrfEiyf 2-yg;pHonfif; emrly-emrfyrnf\ [k odYk wpdwowwl wck<uif; S hf k k k f f k d yaom enf;jzifh aygif;,l ]]0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom emrfy}f }[k odtyf\/ k
46
tonowfy*Kd vfwYkd 0dnmPfrSjd cif;aMumifh (0dnmPfaMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonf-[laompum;onf) k f roif[k qdjk im;tH?h (tonowf yk*Kd vfwYkd 0dnmPfaMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonf-[laom) pum;onfvnf; h f roifonfr[kwf (oifonfomvQif jzpfayonf)/ h h emrfy\ taMumif;jzpfaom 0dnmPfukd 0dyguf0nmPf 0dyguf r[kwaom 0dnmPf[k 2-yg; k f d f tjym;tm;jzifh odtyf\? xdkodkY 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh odtyfaomaMumifh (tonowf yk*Kd vf wdYk 0dnmPfaMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonf-[laom) pum; oifonfomvQif (jzpfay f h onf)/ xk*gxmudk csJY jytH?h emrfy\ taMumif;jzpfaom 0dnmPfukd 0dyguf0nmPf 0dyguf r[kwaom d k f d f 0dnmPf tjym;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sdonf[k odtyf\/ tonowf yk*Kd vfwYdk kyonfvnf; urZkyf f jzpfaomaMumifh yOa0gum&b0 jzpfcaom tbdocFg& (lyukovu) 0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh hJ kd f H (jzpfaom) kyaywnf;/ xdYk twl yOa0gum&b0 y0wumv0,f ukovf tpSaom? 0g? ukovf tukovf f d kd d kd kd Bud,m [laom pdwwYkd\ jzpfqcP urZkyonf yOa0gum&b0 jzpfcaom tbdocFg& (umr-lyukodkvf f J f hJ tukovu) 0dnmPf[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom kyaywnf;/ odYk jzpf (tonowf yk*Kd vfwYkd 0dnmPf kd f H l f aMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonf-[laom) pum; oifonfomvQif (jzpfayonf)/ qkconftwdi; 0dnmP f h d hJ h k f yp,m emrly-[laom yk' aygif;,ljcif;tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyfay\/ H f h k 195 640/ xkrwyg; aus;Zl;yyHk enf;tm;jzifh - [laom pum; .... d S 0dyguf0dnmPfonf (,SOfbuf) emrftm; 9 tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? (y#doaE 0dyguf -yg; 0dnmPfonf) 0wKkyftm; 9-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? 0wKrS <uif;aom kytm; Spyg; f f tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ tbdocFg&0dnmPfonf kytm; wyg;aom tzdYk tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? y#doaE0nmPf f d tbdocFg&0dnmPfwYdk rS wyg;aomyXrb0ifpaom 0dnmPfonf xdxemrfytm; xduonf k kd k f k f tm;avsmfpm aus;Zl;y\/ G csYJ jytH?h y#doaEumv jzpfap? y0wumv jzpfap 0dyguf[k qdtyfaom tMuif apwoduemrfonf d k f (Sd\)? kyEia&monfrvnf;jzpfaom ra&monfrvnf;jzpfaom 0dygufemrftm; y#doaE0yguf0nmPfonf f S hf l l d d aomfif;? tjcm; 0dyguf0nmPfonfaomfif; o[Zmw ypn; tnrn ed, or,w 0dygu tm[m& d f k È, twd t0d*wypn;wkYd jzifh 9-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ d f 0wKkytm; y#doaEcP o[Zmw tnrn ed, 0dygu tm[m& È, 0dy,w twd t0d*w f d k ypn;wkYd jzifh 9-yg;tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ 0wKkyfudk csefxm; <uif;aom kyftm;rl 9 f -yg;aom ypn; f wdYk wif tnrnypn;udk y,f <uif;aom 8-yg;aom ypn;wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ G f f xdrwyg; tbdocFg& (uHEi,Oaom) 0dnmPfonf tonowf urZkytm;if;? yOa0gum&b0 k S S hf S f f urZkytm;if; okweenf; y&d,m,ftm;jzifh Oyed,tpGr;jzifh wyg;aom tzdYk tm;jzifomvQif aus;Zl;y\/ f f f h y#doaE 0dnmPfEihf tbdocFg& 0dnmPfrS <uif;aom yXrb0ifrp tvH;pHaom 0dnmPfonf xdxemrfytm; S S k k k kd k f xduonftm;avsmfpm aus;Zl;yonf[otyf\/ tus,frjyjcif;\ taMumif;um;-tus,ftm;jzifh xdemrfytm; k f G k d k k f aus;Zl;yyHenf;udk jyaevQif y|mef;pum; tvH;pHuvnf; csJY jy&ayvdrrnf? xkYd aMumifh xdaus;Zl;yyHk tus,fukd k k k kd hf k jy&ef tm;rxkwueawmht/ f k f Hh (0dnmPfaMumifh emrfy-jzpfonf[aom) xdpum;&yf ]]y#doaE emrfyonf 0dnmPf[aom taMumif; k f l k k f l aMumifh jzpfonf}} [laom oabmudk tb,foYkd odtyfygoenf;-[k wpHwa,mufaomol\ apm'emonf k jzpf&m\? 0g? jzpfEi\/ (tajzum;) okw[k ac:aom bk&m; pum;awmftm;jzifif; toif,wtm;jzifif; kd f h h k d h (odtyfayonf)/ csJY jytH?h okw[k ac:aom bk&m;pum;awmf ]]pdwm-Eky&d0waem "rm-pdwoYkd tpOfvu f d f dk f jzpfueaom w&m;wdYk onf Sue\}} odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh rsm;aom tjym;tm;jzifh a0'em ponfwYkdtm; k f d k f
47
0dnmPfu aus;Zl;yonf\ tjzpfonf? 0g? a0'em ponfwYdk\ 0dnmPfvQif taMumif;Sonf\ d tjzpfonf NyD;pD;ay\/ toif,wtm;jzifrum; h k d h l avmu rsufarSmufjrif&aom (Tivef;rI-rTivef;rI-auG;qefY vIym;rI-paom) pdwZ f f f S kyjf zifh rsuarSmuf rjrif&aom y#doaEkyftm;vnf; 0dnmPfu aus;Zl;yonf-[laom f oabmonf NyD;pD;ay\/ xd*gxmudk csJYjytH?h pdwf Munfvifvwfaomfif;? rMunfvifvwfaomfif; xdk pdwtm;avsmfueaom k f k f Munfvifivef;aom kyf rMunfvif rTivef;aom kywYkd jzpfay:vmMuonfwYdk ukd rsufarSmuf awGYjrif&uke\? T f f f f rsuarSmuf awGYjrif&aom oabmjzifh rsuarSmuf rjrif&-rjrifEiaom oabmudk EIi;q odjcif;-qH;jzwfjcif; f f kd f d f k onfvnf; jzpfay\/ xkYd aMumifh avmu rsuarSmufjrif&aom (rsuEm\ Munfvif Tivef;rI-rMunfvif f f S f rTivef;rI-vufajcwkYd \ auG;qefY vIym;rI-paom) pdwZkyjf zifh rsufarSmuf rjrif&aom y#doaEyf tm;vnf; f f S k y#doaE0nmPfu aus;Zl;yonf? 0g? y#doaE ky\vnf; y#doaE0nmPfu taMumif;jzpfonf-[laom d f d oabmudk odtyfay\/ rSeay\? uHvQif jzpfaMumif; Saom urZkyf jzpfjim;aomfvnf; xdy#doaEytm; f d k k f pdwvQifjzpfaMumif; Saom pdwZkytm;uJoYkd y#doaE0nmPfu aus;Zl;ywwfonf tjzpfonf y|mef;ygVdawmf f d f h d vmay\/ qkconftwdi; 0dnmPyp,m emrly-[laom yk' aus;Zl;yyHk enf;tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwf d hJ h k f H f h k udk odtyfay\/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ qdcaom pum;onf 0dnmPyp,m emrlyH - [laomyk' tus,f jyqdaom pum;aywnf;/ k hJ f k
emrlyyp,m oVm,weH - yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

641/ emrlyyp,m oVm,weH - [laom yk' --f apwodufcEm 3-yg; taygif;udk emrf[k (odtyf\)? blwkyf 0wKkyf ponfudk kyf[k odtyf\/ ytyfNyD;aom wck<uif;Saom? 0g? wck<uif; yxm;aom xdemrfyonf xduoYkd aom? 0g? d k k f k hJ xdYk twlyif wck<uif; yxm;aom xkoVm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\/ d csJYjytH?h oVm,we\yifvQif taMumif;ypn; jzpfaom emrfEihf kywYkd wif a0'em tpSaom cEm 3f S f G d yg;taygif;udk emrf[k (odtyf\)? xkYd jyif rdroEmef tusKH;0ifaom tNrJwrf; tm;jzifh blwkyf 4-yg; 0wKkyf 6d yg; ZD0waÈ-[laom odYk aom? 0g? odYk paom blwkyf 0wKkyf ponfukd ky[k odtyf\/ xdrwyg; emrf d d f k S onfif; kyonfif; emrfyonfif; emrfyrnf\[k odYk wck<uif;yxm;aom xdemrfyonf (rem,we f k f k f k k f [laom 6-ckajrmuf) q|m,weonfif; (tm,we 6 -yg;[laom) oVm,weonfif; oVm,we rnf\[k odYk wck<uif;yxm;onfomvQif jzpfaom oVm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\-[lodtyf\/ tb,faMumifenf;[lr h h l tlybH emrfuomvQif aus;Zl;y\ (kyrS kyu aus;Zl;ryEdi)? xdemrfonfvnf; ajcmufcajrmuf k f d f k f k k rem,wetm;omvQif aus;Zl;y\? tjcm; tm,wetm; aus;Zl;ry/ rSeay\? 0dbif;ygVdawmf ]]emrf[aom f l taMumif;aMumifh q|m,we (jzpfonf)}}[k a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\? xkYd aMumifh odtyfayonf/ (emrlyp,m oVm,weH-[laom) xdpum;&yf ]]emrfyonf oVm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\}} [laom k k f oabmudk tb,foYkd odtyfygoenf;-[k (wpHwa,muf\ apm'em) jzpf&m\? 0g? jzpfEi\/ (tajzum;) k kd f emrfyvQif Sjd cif;aMumifh (odtyfayonf)/ csJYjytH?h xdxemrf xdxyf SvQif xdxtm,we jzpf\? wyg;aom k f dS k kd k kd k d k dk tjym;tm;jzifh rjzpf/ (xkYd aMumifh odtyfayonf)/ qufO;th?H xdtm,we\ xdemrfyvQif jzpfonf\ tjzpf D k k k f dS onf aus;Zl;yyHenf; omvQif xifm; jzpfvwH?h xkYd aMumifh k S y#doaEif; y0wif; tMuiftMuif emrfyonf tMuif tMuif tm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\? d k f (o[Zmw tpSaom) tMuiftjcif;t&m-tjym;tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\? xdtjcif;t&md h k tjym;tm;jzifh xdxemrfyEihf tm,weudk ynmSonf odtyfay\/ k kd k f S d xd*gxm qdvwHaom pum;onf teufukd xifpmjyaom pum;aywnf;/ k k h G
48
jyyHum;-tlybH y#doaE y0wwYkd emrfonfomvQif xdk tm,wetm; t,kwf tenf;tm;jzifh 7-yg; k k d tjym;tm;jzifif;? 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifif; aus;Zl;y\/ h h tb,foYkd enf;[lr aS;OD;pGm(jy&efrm) y#doaEcP t,kw-tenf;tm;jzifh o[Zmw tnrned, l S f or,w 0dygu twd t0d*wypn;wkYd jzifh 7-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh emrfu q|m,wetm; aus;Zl;y\/ tvGef k f txl;tm;jzifrl emrfxwif (tavmb ta'go paom) tcsKdYemrfonf a[wk ypn;jzifif;? (z apwem h J G f h [laom) tcsKYd emrfonf tm[m&ypn;jzifif;-197 odYk aom enf;jzifh wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl; f h h y\? xka[wk tpSaom ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jziftvGe-t,kwu?kd 0g? twd;-tqkwukd odtyf\/ d d f f h f f k f y0wumvvnf; 0dygufemrfonf qdtyfcNhJ yD;aomenf;jzifh yifvQif aus;Zl;y\/ 0dygufrS wyg;aom emrf d k onfum; t,kwtenf;tm;jzifh qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom ypn;wdYk wif 0dyguypn;rS wyg;ukeaom 6-yg;aom ypn; f k f G f f f wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ tvGetxl;tm;jzifrl 0dyguf r[kwaom emrfxwif tcsKdYemrfonf a[wkypn;jzifif;? f h f J G f h tcsKdYemrfonf tm[m&ypn;jzifif;-odkYaomenf;jzifh wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\? xda[wk f h h k paom ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tvGe-t,kwukd odtyf\/ f f f f (tlyrS) wyg;aom b0vnf; y#doaEcP xdemrfonf q|tm,wetm; xdYk twlyif 7k yg; tjym;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? q|m,werS wyg;aom tm,wewkYd tm; xdemrfonf 6-yg; k aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ csJY jyth?H tlyb0rS wyg;aom yOa0gum& b0vnf; xdk 0dygufemrfonf [',0wK\ tazmfo[J jzpf 6-ckajrmufjzpfaom rem,wetm; tlyb0 qdtyfcovdyif t,kw-tenf;tm;jzifh 7-yg;tjym;tm;jzifh k hJ k f aus;Zl;y\/ rS wyg;ukeaom pum,we tpSaom ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd tm;rl xd0ygufemrfonf f d k d r[mbkwf 4-yg;\ tazmfo[J jzpf o[Zmw ed, 0dygu 0dy,w twd t0d*wypn;wdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh k f f 6-yg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ tvGetxl;tm;jzifrl 0dygufemrfxwif tcsKdYemrfonf a[wkypn; f h J G f jzifif;? tcsKdYemrfonf tm[m&ypn;jzifif;-odYk aom enf;jzifh wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\/ xdk h f h h a[wkpaom ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tvGe-t,kwukd odtyf\/ f f f f y0wumvvnf; 0dygufemrfonf 0dyguf q|m,wetm; xdYk twl 7-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh d aus;Zl;y\? 0dygufr[kwfaom emrfonf 0dygufr[kwfaom q|m,wetm; xdkYtwl 6 -yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ csJYjytH?h yOa0gum&b0 y0wumvvnf; y#doaEcP uJoYkd yif 0dygufemrfonf 0dyguf q|m,we d h tm; t,kwf-tenf;tm;jzifh 7-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ 0dygufr[kwaom emrfonfum; 0dyguf r[kwf f aom q|m,wetm; t,kw-tenf; tm;jzifhyifvQif xdk 7-yg; xJrS 0dyguypnf;udk y,f 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh f aus;Zl;y\/ *gxm? 0g? y0wumv aus;Zl;yyH tvGe-t,kwuum; qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif d k f f kd k h odtyf\/ xdyOa0gum& y0wumvyifvQif 0dygufemrfonf <uif;aom ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd tm; k d 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? 0dygufr[kwaom emrfuvnf; twlyif jytyf\/ f kd csUJ jyth?H xdyOa0gum&b0 y0wumvyifvQif y#doaErwyg;aom puKyom' ponfvQif wnf&m k d S Sdaom 0dygufemrfonfvnf; rem,werS <uif;aom pum,we tpSaom ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd tm; d ypmZmw 0dy,w twd t0d*wypn;wkYd jzifh 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ 0dygufemrfuuoYkd yif 0dyguf k f kd hJ r[kwaom emrfuvnf; xdYk twlyif jytyf\/ xkYd aMumifh ukovf ponf tjym;Saom emrfonfvnf; xdk f kd kd d pum,we ponf wkYd tm; 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yonf[k odtyf\/ 198 qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; aS;OD;pGm emrfonfomvQif y#doaEif; y0wif; tMuiftMuif tm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\? tMuif tjcif;t&m tm;jzifh d vnf; aus;Zl; y\? xdtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xdxkd tm,weudk odtyfay\/ k k kyu aus;Zl;yyHum;-emrfkyf 2-yg;wGif kyonf tly b0 wckaom tm,we f k f tm;aomfvnf; aus;Zl;rywwfay/ cEm ig;yg;Saom (yOa0gum&) b0rl y#doaEcP d
49
kyxrS 0wKkyonf q|m,wetm; 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? blwkywYkd onf f J f f (y#doaE y0wd rcGjJ cm;rl) omrntm;jzifh ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd tm; 4-yg;tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yuke\/ f csJY jytH?h (yOa0gum&b0) y#doaEcP kyxrS 0wKkyonf ajcmufcajrmuf jzpfaom rem,wetm; f J f k o[Zmw tnrn ed, 0dy,w twd t0d*wypn; wkYd jzifh 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ 4-yg;aom k f blwkywYkd onfum; omrntm;jzifh y#doaEif; y0wif; jzpfwi;jzpfwi;aom tm,we\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f d kd f dk f f pum,we tpSaom ig;yg;vH;wkYd tm;vnf; o[Zmw ed, twd t0d*w ypn;wkYd jzifh 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh d k f aus;Zl;yukef\/ ZD0dwkyfonf (pum,wetpSdaom) ig;yg;aom tm,wewkdYtm; 3-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? tm[m& kyfonfvnf; y0wdumv (ig;yg;aom tm,wewkdYtm; 3-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\)/ (pum,we tpSdaom) xdk ig;yg;aom kyfwdkYonf yifvQif 6ckajrmuf rem,wetm; 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? [',0wKkyonf xdk rem,we f tm;yifvQif 5-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ csJYjytH?h puKtpSaom ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd tm; y#doaEif; y0wif; twd t0d*w È, d d d ypn;wdYk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh ZD0dwkyfonf 3-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ tm[m&kyf onfvnf; twd t0d*w f tm[m&ypn;wkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;tm;jzifyif aus;Zl;y\? xdk tm[m&ky\ aus;Zl;yjcif;onfum; f h f tm[m&udk rS toufiueaom ow0gwkYd \ tm[m& tpOf avQmuftyfaom ud, y0wumvomvQif D S f k f k f d jzpfayonf? y#doaEumvum; r[kway/ pum,we tpSaom xdk ig;yg;aom kywYkd onfum; puK0dnmPf f d f aomw Cme Zd0Sg um,0dnmPf[k qkdtyfaom 6 ajrmuf rem,wetm; ed, yka&Zmw È, 0dy,w -ck d k twd t0d*ypn;wkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 6-yg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh y0wumv aus;Zl;yukef\? y#doaEumv f d r[kway? yO0nmPfwYdk ukd csefxm; (,if;wdYk r) <uif;aom xdk rem,we tm;yifvQif ,',0wKkyonf f d S f ed, yka&Zmw 0dy,w twd t0d*ypn;wdYk \ tpGrf;jzifh 5 tjym;tm;jzifh y0wumvomvQif aus;Zl; k f -yg; d y\? y#doaE umv r[kway/ qdconftwdi; kyonfomvQif y#doaEif; y0wif; tMuif tMuif f k hJ h k f f d tm,wetm; aus;Zl;y\? tMuif tjcif;t&mtm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\? xdtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xdxkd tm,weudk h k k odtyfay\/ emrfyf 2-yg;vH;u aus;Zl;yyHum;-tMuif emrfyf 2-yg;vH; onf tMuif tm,wetm; k k k k k aus;Zl;y\? tMuiftjcif;t&mtm;jzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\? xdk emrfyEihf xdtm,weudvnf; h k f S k k xdk tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh y#doaEEihf y0wtvH;pHwYdk ynmSonf odtyf\/ S d k k d 199 odtyfaom t&mum; tb,fenf;[lr aS;OD;pGm (od&efrm) yOa0gum&b0 y#doaE cP l S cEm 3-yg; taygif; emrfESifh 0wKkyf[k qdktyfaom emrfkyfonf 6-ckajrmuf jzpfaom rem,wetm; o[Zmw tnrn ed, 0dygu or,w 0dy,w twd t0d*w ypn; tpSonf wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ odYk ponfjzifh k k f d odtyfayonf/ qkcaom pum;onf (emrfyEpyg;vH;u aus;Zl; yyHukd jyaom) t&m t&dyt>rufrQ d hJ k f S f k k f rsufEmjyrQjzpfonf/ odYk aomfvnf; qdtyfcaom enf;udtpOfavQmufojzifh tvH;pHukd ,SOapjcif;iSg pGr;Ediavmuf S k hJ k k k f f k f ayNyD? xdYk aMumifh t&m tus,fukd rjytyfayownf;/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ qdcaom pum;onf emrlyyp,m oVm,weH-[laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum; aywnf;/ k hJ f k
50
oVm,weyp,m zamyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

642/ oVm,weyp,m zam - [laom yk' f zwkYd onf tusOf;tm;jzifh puKor tpSueaom 6-yg;wkYd onfomvQif jzpfue\? d k f k f tus,ftm;jzifh xdzwkYd onf (ocFg&aMumifjh zpfaom) 0dnmPfuoYkd 32-yg;jzpfMuavonf/ k hJ csJYjythH? tm,we 6-yg; [laom taMumif;aMumifh z jzpfonf [laom pum; zwkYd onf tusOf; tm;jzifh puKor -jrifawGYr?I aomwor -Mum;awGYr?I Cmeor -eHawGYr?I Zd0gor -vsufawGYr?I S um,or -xdawGYr?I raemor -BuHoawGYr-[laom puKorpaom 6-yg;wkYd onfomvQif jzpfue\/ d I k f tus,ftm;jzifh rlum; puKorponf wkYd onf? 0g? puKor? aomw? Cme? Zd0g? um, orwdYk onf S ukov0dyguf 5-yg; tukov 0dyguf 5-yg; odYk tm;jzifh 10-yg; jzpfue\? <uif;aom raemor k f wkYd onfvnf; 22-yg;aom avmuD 0dyguf 0dnmPfwYkd Eihf ,SOueonf jzpf 22-yg; jzpfue\/ odkYaom S f k f k f tjym;tm;jzifh tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom (xd) zwkYd onf ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfonf[) k k k f k k a[mtyfaom 0dnmPf uJoYkd 32-yg; jzpfMuavonf/ h quf jyqdktHh? 32-yg; tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom z\ taMumif; ypn; jzpfaom oVm,we d f ac:aom xdk 6-yg;aom tm,wewdkYwGif .... 6-ckajrmuf rem,weESiwuG tZw (twGi;) oEmef jzpfaom pum,we-ponfukd hf f oVm,we-[k (tcsKdY) ynmSdwkdY tvkdSdukef\/ Am[d&tm,we 6-yg;wdYk EiwuGvnf; S hf oVm,we[k (tcsKdY) ynmSwYdk tvdue\/ d k dS k f (oVm,weyp,m zam-[laom) xdy' aS;OD;pGm tMuif q&mwdYk onf ]]pum;onf Oyg'dEuac: k k f avmuDu\ tusKd;jzpfyukd qdaom pum;jzpfonf}}[k ESv;oGi; rdroEmef tusKH;0ifonf omvQifjzpfaom H kH k kH f d ypn;ESihf yp,yeukd jyuke\? xdq&mwkYd onf ]]qVm,we [laom taMumif;aMumifh zjzpfonf}}[laom f k f f k 0dbif;ygVdawmf pum;udk tpOfavQmufaomtm;jzifh ]]tlyb0 qVm,weonfif;? (xdr)wyg;aom yOa0gum& k S b0 tvH;pHukd odr;,laomtm;jzifh oVm,weonfif; ztm; aus;Zl;y\}}-[k ESv;oGi; wpdwowwl k k f kH f f k f wck<uif;yNyD;vQif qVm,weESiwuG tZwj zpfaom puKponfukd qVm,we-[l tvdkSdukef\/ rSeay\? hf f xdk qVm,weonfif; xdk oVm,we (puKpaom 6 -yg;aom tm,we) onfif; oVm,we[l omvQif ac:qdtyfjcif;odYk a&mufay\/ k tMuifq&mwdYk onfum; yp,ye-tusKd;w&m;udomvQif wckaom oEmef twGi;0ifonfukd y k f k f jyuke\? taMumif;ypn;udrl uGaom oEmef twGi;0ifonfuvnf;y jyuke\/ xdq&mwdYk onf tMuif f f k J f kd f k tMuif tm,weonf ztm; aus;Zl;y\? xdtm,we tvH;pHuvnf; 200 jyvdueonfjzpf tjyifyk k k kd k k f Am[d&m,wewkYd uvnf; odr;,lNyD;vQif qVm,weESiwuG xdk puK paom tZwum,we 6-yg;udyifvQif kd f hf d k lyg,we tpSueaom Am[d&m,wewkYd Eivnf; twlwuG aygif; oVm,we[k tvdue\/ rSeay\? xdk d k f S hf k dS k f f qVm,weESifh tZwdum,we 6-yg; Am[d&m,we 6 - yg;onfvnf; ]]q|m,weESihf tZwum,we 6-yg; d Am[d&m,we 6-yg;onfvnf; ]]q|m,wevnf; oVm,wevnf; oVm,wevnf;}} [laom 'Geormof0gus f 3-yk'wYdk \ wck<uif;udk ytyfNyD;vwfaomf oVm,we [lomvQif ac:qdtyfjcif;odYk a&mufay\/ f k t&m (&yfwefY apm'uonf) ]]tvH;pHaom tm,wewkYd aMumifh wckaom z jzpfonf r[kw?f k k wckaom tm,weaMumifvnf; tvH;pHaom zwkYd jzpfMuonf r[kw?f odYk aomfvnf; zudk ]oVm,we h k k [laom taMumif;aMumifh z jzpfonf}[k wckwnf;udom a[mxm;\? xkoYkd a[mjcif;onf tb,faMumifyg k d h h oenf;}}-[laom apm'emudk qd\/ xdapm'em qdvwHonfum; tajzaywnf;-]]tvH;pHaom tm,we k k k h k k wkYd aMumifh wckaom zrjzpf? wckaom tm,weaMumifvnf; tvH;pHaom zwdYk rjzpfMu}}-[laom pum; h k k onf rSeay\? odYk aomfvnf; rsm;pGmaom tm,wewdYk aMumifh wckaom zjzpfay\? jzpfyum;-puKor f kH onf pum,weaMumifh if; lyg,weaMumifif; puK0dnmPf[k qdtyfaom rem,weaMumifif; (zrS) h k h <uif;aom or,ww&m; [laom "rm,weaMumifif; jzpfouJoYkd yifwnf;/ twlyif tvH;pHaom k f h h k k aomwor ponfwYdk xduonf tm;avsmfpm ,SOaptyf\/ xdYk aMumifyifvQif k f G f h
51
wm'd*PEihf jynhpawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m;onf (oVm,we yp,m zam-[laom) {u0k'f k f S f kH l G jzifh Tejf yaom pum;jzif?h 0g? {u0kpjf ypum;jzifh zudk wckwnf;jzpfaomfvnf; ]]rsm;pGmaom tm,we wkYd aMumifh jzpfonf}}[k t&m jyawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/ {u0kpjf y pum;jzif-[l&m oVm,we [laom taMumif;aMumifh zjzpfonf-[laom {u0kpjf zifh h Tejf yaom pum;jzifh rsm;pGmaom tm,wewdYk aMumifh wckaom z jzpfonf[k wm'd*PEihf jynfpawmfraom k f S h kH l jrwfpmbk&m;onf jyawmfrl (tyf)\? um; teuf/ aus;Zl;yyHum;-tm,we wkYd wiG k G f (puK paom) ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd ukd (ztm;) 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh (aus;Zl;y onf\ tjzpf xifpmjy&m\) xdk tm,we ig;yg;rS aemufjzpfaom wckaom rem,weudk G 9-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh (aus;Zl;yonf\ tjzpf xifpm jy&m\)? 6-yg;aom Am[d&m,we G wkYd ukd ztm; jzpfoifonf tm;avsmfpm aus;Zl;yonf\ tjzpf xifpm jy&m\/ h G G xd*gxm qdvwHonfum; xifpmjyyHaywnf;-aS;OD;pGm pum,we tpSaom ig;yg;aom tm,we k k h G k d wkYd onf puKorpaom tjym;tm;jzifh ig;yg;tjym;Saom ztm; ed, yka&Zmw Èd,0dy,w twd d k t0d*w ypn;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yuke\/ xdtm,we ig;yg;rS aemufjzpfaom f f f k wckaom 0dygufrem,weonf rsm;aom tjym;Saom 0dyguf raemortm; o[Zmw tnrned, d 0dygu tm[m& Èd, or,w twd t0d*wypn;wkYd \ tpGrf;jzifh 9-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? xkrwyg; k f d S Am[d&m,we wkYd wif lyg,weonf puKortm; tm&rP yka&Zmw twd t0d*wypn;wdYk \ tpGr;jzifh G f f 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ xkdYtwl o'g,weponfwkdYonf aomwor ponfwkdYtm; 4-yg; tjym; tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yuke\/ txl;um; raemortm; xdypaom ig;yg;aom tm,wewkYd onfif; "rm,we f k l onfif; xkdYtwl 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifif; 201 tm&rP ypn;rQjzifomvQifif; aus;Zl;y\/ qkdcJhaom h f h enf;jzifh 6-yg;aom Am[d&m,wewdYk ukd ztm; jzpfoifonf tm;avsmfpm aus;Zl;yonf\ tjzpf h G xifpmjy&m\/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ G qdcaom pum;onf oVm,weyp,m zam - [laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum; aywnf;/ k hJ f k
zyp,ma0'emyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf
643/ zyp,m a0'em - [laom yk' f puKorZm tpSueaom 'Gg&tm;jzifh 6 d k f -yg;omvQif jzpfueaom a0'emwdYk ukd (jrwfpm k f G bk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\? xda0'emwkYd ukd tus,ftjym;tm;jzifh 89-yg;[l odtyf k f k uke\/ f (zyp,m-a0'em-[laom) yk'\ tzGi0bif;vnf; ]]puKorZm-jrifawGYraMumifh jzpfaom f hf d I a0'em? aomw ....? Cme ....? Zd0g ....? um, ....? raemorZm BuHod awGYraMumifh jzpfaom a0'em}} [l 'Gg& S I tm;jzifh 6-yg;omvQif jzpfueaom a0'emwdYk ukd (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ xda0'emwkYd ukd k f G k f k tus,ftjym;tm;jzifrl 89-yg;aom pdwwYkdEihf ,SOMf uaom aMumifh 89-yg; [l odtyfukef\/ h f S odYk aomfvnf; 89-yg;aom a0'emwdYk wif 0dygufpwEihf ,SOonf omvQif jzpfueaom G d f S f k f 32-yg;aom a0'emwkYd ukd zyp,m a0'em[laom yk' (jrwfpmbk&m;) tvk(tyfue) f G d dS k f onf[k (ynmSwYdk ) qd(tyfue)\/ d k k f xdk 32-yg;aom a0'emwdYk wif yO'g& yO0nmPfEihf ,SOaom ig;yg;aom a0'emwdYk tm; G G d S f puKor paom zonf 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? <uif;aom (or#pKd ef; d oE&P w'gk) a0'emwdYk tm; wyg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? raem'Gg&vnf; (w'gkH D H a0'emwdkYtm;) xdko[Zmw raemoronf xkdYtwl 8 tjym;tm;jzifyifvQif aus;Zl; -yg; h y\/
52
csJYjytHh? xdk 32-yg;aom a0'emwdYk wif yO'g& puKyom' ponfvQif rS&mSueaom ig;yg;aom G G D d k f a0'emwkYd tm; puKor tpSaom zonf o[Zmw tnrn ed, 0dygu tm[m& or,w twd d k t0d*wypn;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ <uif;ukeaom wyg; wyg;aom 'Gg& f f f or#pKd ef; oED&P w'gkHwdkY\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfueaom umrm0p& 0dygufa0'emwdYk tm; puKortpSaom d f k f d xdzonf yuwlyed,ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;tjym;tm;jzifh omvQif aus;Zl;y\/ k f f raem'Gg&vnf; xkd (....)onf xdYk twl-[l&m tus,um;-raem'Gg&vnf; w'gk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f H f jzpfueaom umrm0p&0dyguf a0'emwkYd tm; o[Zmwraemor[k qdtyfaom xdk zonf xdYk twlyifvQif k f k 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? y#doaEb0if pkw\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfueaom bH;oH;yg; jzpfaom 0dyguf d f k f k k a0'emwkYd tm;vnf; (xdYk twlyif 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\)/ txl;um; raem'Gg& 202 w'gkH\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom umrm0p& a0'emwkYd tm; raem'Gg&m 0Ze;ESihf ,SOaom raemoronf yuwlyed, f f f ypn;\ tpGr;jzifh wyg;tjym;tm;jzifh omvQif aus;Zl;y\/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ f f qdcaom pum;onf zyp,m a0'em - [laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum;aywnf;/ k hJ f k
a0'emyp,mwPSmyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf
644/ a0'emyp,m wPSm - [laom yk' f avmu lywPSm paom tjym;tm;jzifh 6-yg;aom wPSmwkYd ukd (jrwfpmbk&m;) jyawmfrl G (tyfue)\/ xdk 6-yg;wkYd wif wyg;wyg;udk jzpfytjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oH;yg; tjym;S\[k k f G kH k d odtyf\/ csJYjyth?H a0'emyp,m wPSm-[laom yk' ]]aoa|;om; ykPm;om;}} odYk ponfjzifh tzrSvmaom f trnf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh om;udk jytyf-ac:qdktyfouJhodkY lywPSm-tqif; qmavmifwyfrufr?I o' wPSmf toH qmavmifwyfrufr?I *EwPSm-teH qmavmifwyfrufr?I &owPSm-t&om qmavmif wyfrufr?I azm|AwPSm-tawGY qmavmifwyfrufr?I "rwPSm-oabmtmk qmavmifwyfrufrI [l tmkrvmaom H H S trnf\tpGr;tm;jzifh tbd"rm 0dbif;ygVdawmf 6-yg;aom wPSmwkYd ukd jyawmfrl (tyfue)\/ f k f xdk 6-yg;aom wPSmwkYd wif wyg;wyg;aom wPSmonf jzpfytjcif;t&mtm;jzifh umrwPSm b0wPSm G kH 0db0wPSm [l oHk;yg;tjym; Sd\[k odtyf\/ csJYjytH?h lywPSmonfyifvQif tMuiftcg rsufptm; xifjcif; d odYk a&mufaom lygkukd umr*kP om,monf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh om,mvsuf jzpf\/ xdktcg umrwPSm H f f rnf\/ tMuiftcg xdk lygkuyifvQif ]]cdionf NrJonf}}[k pGvrf;vsuf jzpfaom ow'd|d ESiwuG jzpf\? H kd k f J hf xdtcg b0wPSm rnf\/ rSeay\? ow'd|EiwuG jzpfaom &m*udk b0wPSm[k ac:qktyf\/ tMuif k f d S hf d tcgrlum; xkd lygkHuyifvQif ]]jywfvwHh ysufvwH}h }[k pGvrf;vsuf jzpfaom Oap''d|EiwuG jzpf\/ xdktcg dk J d S hf 0db0wPSmrnf\/ rSeay\? Oap''d|EiwuGjzpfaom &m*udk 0db0wPSm[k ac:qkd tyf\/ o'wPSm ponf f d S hf wkYd vnf; enf;yifwnf;? xdaMumifh 6-yg;aom wPSmwkYd onf 18-yg; jzpfuef \/ k k xdk 18-yg;aom wPSmwkdYonf tZwlygkH ponfwkdY 18-yg; A[d'dlygkH ponfwkdY 18-yg; odkY tm;jzifh 36-yg; jzpfue\/ odkYvQif twdwfwPSmwkdYonf 36-yg;? tem*wf wPSm 36-yg;? ypKyewPSm k f f 36-yg; odYk tm;jzifh 108-yg;aom wPSmwkYd jzpfue\/ xdk 108-yg;wkYd ukd wzef csKH;tyfueonfaomf tqif; k f k f dS tpSdaom tmkHwdkY\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wPSm 6-yg;omvQif jzpfue\? umrwPSm ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f k f f wPSm 3-yg;omvQif jzpfue\[k odtyf\/ k f a0'emaMumifh wPSm jzpfyum;-ow0gwkYd onf om;udom,muke om; om,mjrwfE;jcif;jzifh kH k f kd EdYk xe;tm; ay;urf;csD;ajrmufueouJoYkd tqif;paom tmkwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfay:aom a0'emudk om,m d f k f h H f uke a0'em 203 om,m jrwfE;jcif;jzifh tqif;tp Saom tmkukd ay;wwf ukeaom yef;csDq&m apmif; f kd d H f orm; eHYomonf pzkonf &ue;onf &om,eaq;udk pD&ifaom aq;q&m ponfwYdk tm; BuD;us,faom d f ay;urf;cs;ajrmufjcif;udk yuke\/ xkYd aMumifh tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom wPSm udk a0'em [laom taMumif;aMumifh D f k k jzpfonf[k odtyf\/
53
qufO;th/ (a0'emyp,m wPSm[laom) yk' 0dyguf jzpfaom okca0'em wyg;wnf;udk D H f omvQif tvdkSdtyf\? xdYk aMumifh a0'emonf wPSmtm; wyg;tjym;tm;jzifomvQif h aus;Zl;y\/ wyg; tjym;tm;jzif-[lonfum; yuwlyed,ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\ ([kqv\)/ h f f kd kd wenf;um; .... qif;&Jaomol-qif;&Jaomolonf csr;omudk awmifw\? csrf;omSaomol-csr;omolonf dS f h d f wdk; (csrf;omudk) tvdkSd\? Oayumudrl Nidroufonf\ tjzpfaMumifh csrf;omokc [l k f omvQif qdtyf\/ k oH;yg;vnf; jzpfueaom a0'emwkYd onf wPSmtm; aus;Zl;yuke\? xkYd aMumifh ]]a0'em k k f f yp,m wPSm}} [l jrwfpmbk&m; a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\/ G qufO;tH/ a0'em [laom taMumif;aMumifh wPSm jzpfjim;aomfvnf; tEko,ESihf uif; D h rjzpfEi?f xkYd aMumifh (r*jA[p&d,ac:) tusijhf rwfukd usio;NyD;aom raumif;rIukd tyyNyD; kd hf kH aom &[Emyk*Kd vftm; xdwPSm rjzpfawmhay? wGif w&yfNyD;\/ k qdcaom pum;onf a0'emyp,m wPSm - [laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum; aywnf;/ k hJ f k
wPSmyp,mOyg'geHyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf
645/ wPSmyp,m Oyg'geH - [laom yk' f Oyg'gefwYkd onf av;yg;wkYd wnf;? xkd (av;yg;aom Oyg'gef wkdY\) teufukd a0befaomtm; jzifaomfif;? Oyg'gefw&m;wkYd \ tusOf;tus,ftm;jzifif;? tpOftm;jzifif; xdOyg'gefwYdk ukd h h h k xifpmjy&m\/ G xd*gxm qdvwHonfum; xifpmjyjcif;aywnf;-umrkyg'gef 'd|Kyg'gef oDvAwyg'gef tw0g'k k k h G k yg'gef [laom 4-yg;wkYd onf (wPSmyp,m Oyg'geH-[laom) yk' aS;OD;pGm 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk f rnfue\/ qdkvwHhonfum; xdk 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk \ teufukd a0befjcif; aywnf;-0wK[k qdtyfaom k f k vdcsib,f umr*kPukd NrJNrHpm pGvrf;wwfaomaMumifh umrkyg'gefrnf\/ (wenf;) ESpoufvcsif wwfaom k f G f G J f kd aMumifh umrvnf;rnf\? xdumronf NrJNrHpm pGvrf;wwfaomaMumifh Oyg'gefvnf; rnf\? xdk 2-yg;aom k G J taMumif;aMumifvnf; umrkyg'gef rnf\/ Oyg'gef [lonfrm NrJNrHpm ,ljcif;-pGvrf;jcif; aywnf;/ rSeay\? h S G J f yk' Oy-o'gonf Oyg,mo-jyif;pGm ylyefjcif; Oyuk|-tvGeu&UJ tyfonf tpSaom yk'wYdk uJoYkd NrJNrHjcif; f f hJ d f h teufSd\/ xdrwyg; rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaomaMumifh 'd|vnf; rnf\? xd'|onf Oyg'gefvnf; rnf\? 2-yg; k S f d k d d aom taMumif;aMumifh 'd|Kyg'gef rnf\? wenf;um; rSm;,Gi;aom t,lukd pGvrf;wwfaomaMumifh 'd|Kyg'gef f J rnf\/ rSeay\? ]]twonfif; avmuonfif; tNrJwnfSd\}} odkY tpSdonfwkdY aS;jzpfaom rdpmt,ludk f aemufjzpfaom rdpm t,lu NrJNrHpm pGvrf;wwf\/ xdrwyg; tavhtusifukd NrJNrHpm pGvrf;wwfaomaMumifh G J k S h G J oDvAwkyg'gef rnf\/ (wenf;) xdk oabmonf oDvAwvnf; [kw\ Oyg'gefvnf; [kw\? 2-yg;aom f f taMumif;aMumif;vnf; oDvAwyg'gef rnf\/ rSeay\? EGm;\tavh EGm;\tusifh ponfwYdk onf ]]odYk k f usijhf cif;jzifh oHo&mrS pifMu,fjcif;jzpfonf}}[k NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi;jcif;aMumifh rdrwYdku,wiyifvQif Oyg'gef G kH f d kd f kd f rnfue\/ xdrwyg; qdaMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh 0g' rnf\? 204 NrJNrHpm pGvrf;aMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh k f k S k G J Oyg'gefrnf\? tb,fukd qdueoenf;? tb,furvnf; NrJNrHpm pGvrf;ukeoenf;[lr twukd qduek k f kd l G J f l k k f pGvrf;uke\/ (xdYk aMumif) twuqaMumif; pGvrf;aMumif; oabmonf tw0g'kyg'gef rnf\/ wenf;um; J f h kd dk J tw[k qkaom 0g'rQonfyif tw[k NrJNrHpm pGvrf;aMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh tw0g'kyg'gef rnf\/ onfum; d G J aS;OD;pGm xdav;yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk \ teufukd a0befjcif;aywnf;/ k xdrwyg; Oyg'gefw&m;wdYk \ tusOf;tus,f aS;OD;pGm umrkyg'gef [lonfrm ]]xdk 4-yg;aom Oyg'gef k S S wdYk wif umrkyg'gef[onf tb,fenf; umr*kPwYdk tMuifoYkdaom umrpEonf umr&m*onf umreEonf G l f D
54
umrwPSmonf umrtap;onf umrtylonf umr[laom awGa0jcif;onf umr[laom rsKor;jcif;onf d d f (Sd\)? oabmudk umrkyg'gef[k qdtyf\}} [l (tbd"rm ygVdawmf) vmaomaMumifh tusOf;tm;jzifh k wPSm\ NrJNrHonf\ tjzpfukd qdtyf\/ wPSm\ NrJNrHonf\tjzpf rnfonfum; aS;wPSm [laom Oyed, k ypn;aMumifh NrJNrHpm jzpfaom aemufwPSm y wnf;? tcsKdYq&mwdYk onfum; ]]ra&mufao; r&ao;aom tmkukd f G if H awmifwjcif;onf wPSmrnf\/ (Oyrm) arSmifrux cd;ol\ (cd;,l&ef) vufukd qefYwef;jcif;ESihf wl\? h kd f J k k a&muftyf &tyfNyD;aom tmkukd qkyuijf cif; pGvrf;jcif;onf Oyg'gef rnf\? (Oyrm) xdk cd;ol\yifvQif Opmudk H f kd J k ,ljcif;ESihf wl\? wPSmOyg'gef [laom xdk w&m;wkYd onf tvkenf;jcif; a&mif&v,jf cif;wkYd \ qefYusifbufwYdk d h J G aywnf;/ xdYk twl SmrD;jcif;aMumifjh zpfaom qif;&J apmifaSmuf&jcif;aMumifh jzpfaom qif;&JwYdk \ taMumif;&if; S h jzpfue\}}[k qdkukef\/ <uif;aom Oyg'gef 3-yg;onfum; tusOf;tm;jzifh 'd|rQomvQifwnf;/ k f d tus,ftm;jzifrum; aS; lygkH ponfwYdk qdtyfcaom 108-yg; tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom h l k hJ d wPSm\ NrJNrHonf\ tjzpfonf umrkyg'gef rnf\/ 10-yg;aom taMumif;0wKSaom rdpm'd|onf 'd|Kyg'gef d d rnf\? (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]xdk 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif 'd|Kyg'gef[onf tb,fenf; ay;vjcif; (tusKd;) G l onf rS?d ,ZfyaZmfjcif;-tBuD;tus,f ay;vjcif; (tusKd;)onf rS?d [ke; ylaZmfjcif; l f tenf;i,f auR;arG; ay;urf;jcif; (tusKd;)onf rS?d aumif;rIuH raumif;rIuH wdYk \ tusKd; 0dygufonf rS?d rsufarSmuf avmuonf rS?d wyg;aom rsufu,f avmuonf rS?d G trd( ypkjcif; jypfrm;jcif;\ tusK;)onf rS?d tz( ypkjcif; jypfrm;jcif;\ tusKd;)onf S d S rS?d uyfa&mufjzpfaom (Moyygwdu) ow0gwdYk onf rSMd u? rsufarSmuf avmuudif;? k wyg;aom rsufu,avmuudif; ud,wif xl;aomPfjzifh od rsufarSmufy a[mMum; G f k k f kd Ediueaom ajzmifrepm oGm;ukeaom ajzmifrepm usiueaom &[ef;oljrwfwYkdonf k f k f h S f G f h S f G hf k f avmu rSMd u[l (jzpfaom) odYk aom oabmSaom tMuift,lonf/ y/ azmufjyef d rSm;,Gi;aomtm;jzifh ,ljcif;onf (S\)? oabmudk 'd|Kyg'gef[k qktyf\}}[lyifwnf;/ f d d xkrwyg; tavhtusifwYdk jzifh pifMu,fjcif;jzpfonf[k rSm;,Gi;pGm oH;oyfjcif;onf oDvAwk yg'gef d S h f k rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; G l kH ]]xdk 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif oDvAwyg'gefonf tb,fenf; oDv-tavhjzifh G k pifMu,f\? 0w-tusijhf zifh pifMu,f\? oDvAw-tavhtusifjh zifh pifMu,f\[l (jzpf aom) odYk oabmSaom tMuift,lonf/y/ azmufjyef rSm;,Gi;aomtm;jzifh ,ljcif;onf d f (Sd\)? oabmudk oDvAwyg'gef[k qdtyf\}} [lyifwnf;/ 20-aom taMumif; 0wK k k Saom oum,'d|onf tw0g'kyg'gef rnf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; d d G l kH ]]xdk 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif tw0g'kyg'gef[onf tb,fenf; avmu G l tMum;tjrif rSaom ykxZOfonf/y/ olawmfaumif;wdYk \ w&m; (apmifpnf;jcif; y,fm; d k h S jcif;jzif) rqH;rtyfao; jzpf kyukd tw[k I\? odkYr[kwf twrSm kyfSdonf[k I\? odYk h k f r[kwf tw kyfwnfonf[k I\? odkYr[kwf kyf twwnfonf[k I\? a0'emudk ---/ onmudk ---/ ocFg&wkdYudk ---/ 0dnmPfudk tw[k I\? odYk r[kwf twrm 0dnmPf S Sdonf[k I\? odkYr[kwf tw 0dnmPfwnfonf[k I\? odYk r[kwf 0dnmPf twwnf onf[k I\/ odYk oabmSaom tMuift,lonf/ y / azmufjyef rSm;,Gi;aom tm;jzif,l d f h jcif;onf (S\)? oabmudk tw0g'kyg'gef[k qdtyf\}} [lyifwnf;/ d k onfum; (wPSmyp,m Oyg'geH - [laom) yk' Oyg'gefw&m;wkYd \ tusOf;tus,f aywnf;/ f xdrwyg; tpOftm;jzifh [laom pum; tpOfonf jzpfpOf y,fpOf a[mpOf [l 3-yg; tjym; Sd\? xdk k S 3-yg;wdkYwGif Pfjzifh tpOfvdkufaomfvnf; rodtyfaom tpSdaom? 0g? tprxifaom oHo&m ]]Oyg'gefu aS;OD;pGmjzpfonf}}[k (qdEiz,) rSjd cif;aMumifh udavomwkYd \ rkcstm;jzifh jzpfpOfukd rqktyfay? y&d,m,ftm; k kd f G f d jzifrum; trsm;tm;jzifh wckaom b0 tw[k pGvrf;jcif;vQif aSYom; Saom ]]NrJonf[aomfif; jywfpJ h l J G d l onf[aomfif;}} NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi;jcif;onf jzpf\? xkYd aemif ]]twonf wnfNrJ\}}[k ,laomoltm; tw\ l G kH f
55
pifMu,fjcif; (csrf;omjcif;) tusKd;iSg oDvAwyg'gefonf jzpf\/ (twonf) jywfp\[k ,laom oltm; k J wrvGef avmuudk iJjh cif;rSonfjzpf 205 umrkyg'gefonf jzpf\/ odkYtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm tw0g'kyg'gefonf d jzpf\/ xkYd aemif 'd|Kyg'gef oDvAwk yg'gef umrkyg'gef wkYd onf jzpfue\/ onfum; Oyg'gef 4-yg;wkdY\ k f wckaom b0 jzpfpOfaywnf;/ xdkrSwyg; 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif 'd|Kyg'gefponfwYdk ukd aS;OD;pGm y,ftyfue\? (taMumif;um;) G k f aomwmywr*fu y,fowftyfaom w&m;rsm;jzpfaomaMumifh aywnf;/ umrkyg'gefukd aemufrS (y,ftyf\)? d (taMumif;um;) t&[wr*fu y,fowftyfaom w&m; jzpfaomaMumifaywnf;/ onfum; Oyg'gef h av;yg;wkYd \ y,fpOf aywnf;/ xdrwyg; us,faomjzpf&m e,fy,faomaMumifif;? xifm;aomaMumifif; 4-yg;aom Oyg'gef k S dS h S h wkYd wif umrkyg'gefukd aS;OD;pGm a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ e,fy,fus,fyHkum; xdk umrkyg'gefonf 8-yg;aom avmbrl G l pdwwYkdEi,OaomaMumifh us,aom jzpf&m e,fy,f\/ rSwyg;aom Oyg'gefwkdYonf 4-yg;aom 'd|or,wf f S hf S f f dS d k pdwwYkdEiom ,SOjf cif;aMumifh usO;aom jzpf&m e,fy,fue\/ xifm;yHum; trsm;tm;jzifh ow0gtaygif; f S hf f dS k f S k onf (Oyg'gefeuEm ig;yg;[laom) wG,wmp&m tmkwYkd arGYavsmfaomaMumifh umrkyg'gefonf xifm;\? f H S rSwyg;aom Oyg'gefwYkd onf rxifm;uke/ umrkyg'gefaom yk*Kd vfonf umr*kPwYdk ukd &jcif;tusKd;iSg S f dS f aumwl[vr*Fvm ponf avhvmjcif;rsm;\? xdkumrkyg'gef Sdol\ xdaumwl[v r*Fvmponf avhvmjcif; k onf rSm;aom t,laywnf;? xkYd aMumifh xdk umrkyg'gef\ tjcm;rJ 'd|Kyg'gefukd (a[mawmfrtyf\)/ xdk h l 'd|Kyg'gefonf uGjJ ym;onf Saomf oDvAwyg'gef tw0g'kyg'gefwYdk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sonf jzpfav d k d onf/ xdk 2-yg; wdYk wif EGm;\ trlt&mudaomfif;? acG;\ trlt&mudaomfif; jrifaomfvnf; odtyf odEif G k k kd aomaMumifh (oDvAwyg'gefonf) keYf &if;ay:vGi\? xdYk aMumifh oDvAwyg'gefukd aSYO;pGm a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ k f k D odrarGYonf\ tjzpfaMumifh tqH; tw0g'kyg'gefukd a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ onfum; Oyg'gef 4-yg; f k wkYd \ a[mpOfaywnf;/ aus;Zl;yyHum;-wPSmonf 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif aS;jzpfaom umrkyg'geftm; k G wyg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\? xdk wPSmonf <uif;aom Oyg'gef 3-yg;tm; 7-yg; tjym; tm;jzifaomfif;? 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifaomfif; aus;Zl;y\/ h h csJYjytHh? qdkcJhaom tpOfjzifh a[mtyfaom Oyg'gef 4-yg; taygif;wGif aS;jzpfaom umrkyg'gef tm; umrwPSmonf yuwlyed,ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;tjym;tm;jzifom aus;Zl;y\/ (taMumif;um;) f f h wPSmjzifh ESpouftyfueaom tmkwYkd jzpfjcif;aMumifwnf;/ <uif;aom Oyg'gef oH;yg; taygif;tm;rl f k f H h k o[Zmw tnrned, or,w twt0d*w a[wkypn;wdYk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 7-yg; tjym;tm;jzifaomfif;? k d f h Oyed,ypn;ESihf wuG 8-yg; tjym;tm;jzifaomfif; aus;Zl;y\? quf Sif;OD;tHh? Oyed,\ tpGr; f h f tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yaomtcg o[Zmwypn; r[kwonfomvQif jzpfayonf/ wGif w&yfNyD;\/ f f qdcaom pum;onf wPSm yp,m Oyg'geH - [laom yk' tus,jf yqkaom pum;aywnf;/ k hJ f d
Oyg'geyp,mba0gyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf
646/ Oyg'geyp,m ba0g-[laom yk' f o'geuftm;jzifif;? oabmw&m;tm;jzifif;? (wzef xyf a[mjcif;\) tusKd;Sdaom h h tm;jzifif;? a0bef cGjJ crf;jcif;ESihf tusO;csK;jcif;tm;jzifif;? tMuif Oyg'gefonf tMuif h f H h b0\ taMumif;ypn; jzpf\? ypn; yp,yejf zpfaom xdk Oyg'gef xdk b0tm;jzifif; f f k h tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k 206 xdk *gxm (tus,fum;)-jzpfwwfaomaMumifh b0rnf\? xdk b0onf urb0 Oyywb0 [l d 2-yg; tjym;Sd\? (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; ]]b0onf urb0S\ Oyywb0 S\-odkY 2-yg; tjym; G l kH d d d Sd\}} [lyifwnf;/ xdk 2-yg;wkYd wif uHonfyifvQif b0rnf\? (xdYk aMumif) urb0 rnf\/ xkYd twl (Oy yw) G h d uyfjzpfjcif;onfyifvQif b0rnf\? (xdYk aMumif) Oyywb0 rnf\? qufO;tH?h 2-yg; aomb0wdYk wif h d D G
56
Oyywb0onf jzpfwwfaomaMumifh b0rnf\? uHonfum; okc\ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh ]]bk&m;SiwYdk d f yGiawmfrjl cif;onf csrf;omokc aywnf;}}[k a[m (tyf) ouJoYkd twlyif b0\ taMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh hf h tusKd;\trnf a0g[m&jzifh b0 rnf\[k odtyf\? qdconftwdi; (ba0g-[laom) yk' aS;OD;pGm o'g k hJ h k f f teuftm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k 647/ xdrwyg; oabmw&m;tm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm urb0 [lonfrm tusOf;tm;jzifh apwemonfif;? k S S apwemESihf ,SOaom tbdZm tpSueaom uH[k qdtyfueaom (avmb a'go 'd|-[laom) w&m;wdYk onfif; f d k f k k f d urb0rnf\? (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; ]]xkd 2-yg;aom b0wkYd wif urb0 [lonf tb,fenf; umr G l kH G bHrlvnf; tusKH;0ifaom r[*Kwf bHrlvnf; tusKH;0ifaom yknmbdocFg&onfif;? tyknmbdocFg&onfif;? k k tmaeOmbdocFg&onfif; (S\)? 3-yg;aom ocFg&udk urb0 [l ac:qdtyf\/ tvH;pHvnf; jzpfaom d k k k b0odYk (NyD;apaomtm;jzif) a&mufwwf a&mufapwwfaom uHu?kd 0g? b0udk jzpfapwwfaom uHukd urb0 [l h (qdtyf\)}} [lyifwnf;/ xl;&mudk zGijhf ytH?h bk&m;pum;awmf yknmbdocFg& [lonfrm 13-yg;aom umrk S ly ukodkvapwemwkYd aywnf;/ tyknmbd ocFg& [lonfrm 12-yg;aom tukovf apwemwkYd aywnf;? tmaeOm f S kd bdocFg& [lonfrSm 4-yg;aom tlyukodkvf apwemwkdYaywnf;/ ( ) ]]umrbHrlvnf; tusKH;0ifaom r[*Kwf k bHrlvnf; tusKH;0ifaom}} [laom 2-yk'jf zifh qdcNhJ yD;aom xdapwem\yifvQif enf;aom tusKd;0dyguf k k k Sdonf\ tjzpfEirsm;aom tusKd;0dyguf Sonf\ tjzpfukd a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\/ tvH;pHvnf; jzpfaom S hf d k k b0udk jzpfapwwfaom uHukd [laom pum;jzifrl apwemESi,Oueaom tbdZmtpSaom w&m;wdYk ukd h hf S f k f d a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ k f xdrwyg; Oyywb0onf tusOf;tm;jzifh uHaMumifh jzpfueaom (0dygufEihf urZky) cEmwkYd aywnf;? k S d k f S f tus,ftjym;tm;jzifh 9-yg; tjym;Sd\? (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; .... G l kH ]]xdk 2-yg;aom b0wkYd wif Oyywb0onf tb,fenf; umrb0 lyb0 tly G d b0 onmb0 tonmb0 ae0onm emonmb0 {ua0gum&b0 pwka0gum&b0 yOa0gum&b0 ([laom) 9-yg;udk Oyywb0 [kqtyf\}} [l yifwnf;/ d kd xdk 9-yg;aom b0wkYd wif umr[k qdtyfaom b0onf umrb0 rnf\/ lyb0 tlyb0wdkY G k enf;yifwnf;/ onmSaom olwYkd \ b0onf (onmb0 rnf\)? wenf; b0 onm S\? xkYd aMumifh d d onmb0rnf\? (xdr) jyefaomtm;jzifh tonmb0rnf\/ keYf &if;aom onm\ rSjd cif;aMumifif;? odrarGY k S h f aom onm\Sjd cif;aMumifif; b0 keYf &if;aom onmum; rS?d odrarGYaom onm rSonfum; r[kw?f xkYd h f d aMumifh ae0onmemonmb0 rnf\? wckaom lyuEmjzifh us,fjyefY aptyfaom b0onf {ua0gum& b0 rnf\? wenf; b0tm; wckaom us,fjyefYap tyfaom cEmonf (S\)? xdYk aMumifh {ua0gum& b0rnf\/ d pwka0gum&b0 yOa0gum&b0wdYk enf;yifwnf;/ xdk 9-yg;aom b0wdYk wif umrb0onf 5-yg;aom G Oyg'dP (avmuD uH\tusKd;) cEmwkdY yifwnf;/ lyb0onf xdkYtwlyifwnf;/ tlyb0onf 207 4-yg;aom avmuDu\ tusKd;cEmwkYd yifwnf;/ onmb0onf 4-yg; 5-yg;aom avmuDu\ tusKd;cEmwkYd yifwnf;/ H H onm b0onf wyg;aom avmuDu\ tusKd;cEmyifwnf;/ ae0onm emonm b0onf 4-yg;aom avmuD H uH\ tusKd;cEmwkYd yifwnf;/ {ua0gum&b0 ponfwYdk onf avmuDu\ tusKd;cEmwkdYjzifh 1-yg; 5-yg;aom H cEmwkYd yifwnf;/ qdconftwdi; (ba0g[laom) yk' oabmw&m; (w&m;ud,) tm;jzifvnf; tqH; k hJ h k f f k f h k tjzwfukd odtyf\/ 648/ tusKd;Saomtm;jzifh [l&m (od&efrm) b0udk tus,fjy&m a[m(tyf)ouJoYkd xdYk twlyifocFg&udk d S h tus,jf y&mvnf; yknmbdocFg& ponfuomvQif a[m(tyf)cJ\? odYk aomfvnf; aS;jzpfaom ocFg&wkYd ukd kd h ypKyeb0 y#doaE\ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh twduu\ tpGr;tm;jzifh (a[mtyfue\)? aemuf ocFg& f f H f k f wdYk url aemiftem*wfb0 y#doaE\ taMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh ypKyeu\ tpGr;tm;jzifh (a[mtyfue\)? kd f H f k f xkYd aMumifh (ocFg&udk a[mNyD;jzpfygvQuf b0ud) wzefxyf a[mjcif;onf tusKd;Sonfomwnf;? wenf;um; k d aS;ocFg&wdkYudk tus,fjy&m ]]xdk 3-yg;aom ocFg&wdYk wif yknmbdocFg&onf tb,fenf; umr0p&jzpfaom G ukovapwemwnf;}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh apwemudomvQif ocFg&[l a[m(tyf)cJ\? b0udk kd f d k h tus,fjy&mum; ]]tvH;pHvnf; jzpfaom b0udk jzpfapwwfaom uHukd (ur b0[k qdtyf\)}}[k a[mawmf k k k rljcif;aMumifh apwemESi,Oaom w&m;wkYd uvnf; (urb0[k a[mtyf\)? rQomruao;? aS; ocFg&wkYd ukd hf S f kd tus,fjy&m 0dnmPf\taMumif;omvQif jzpfaom uHukd ocFg&[k a[m(tyf)cJ\? (b0udk tus,f jy&m) ,ck h
57
tcg tonm b0udk jzpfapwwfaom uHuvnf; (a[mtyf\)? wenf;ajz&vQif rsm;pGm ajymqkjd cif;jzifh tb,f kd tusKd;SdtHhenf;? ]]t0dZmyp,mocFg&}} [laom yk' yknmbdocFg& ponfomvQif jzpfueaom ukovf f k f kd tukovf w&m;wdYk ukd a[mtyfcue\/ ]]Oyg'geyp,m ba0g}}[laom yk'rl Oyywb0udvnf; odr;,l kd hJ k f f d k f aomaMumifh ukovf tukovEihf tAsmuww&m;wkYd ukd a[mtyfue\/ xdYk aMumifh wzefxyf a[maom kd kd f S k f pum;onf cyfor;aom tjym;tm;jzifvnf; tusKd;Sonfomwnf;/ qdconftwdi; (ba0g-[laom) yk' d f h d k hJ h k f f (ocFg&udk a[mNyD;ygvsuf b0udk wzefxyf a[mjcif;\) tusKd;Saomtm;jzifh tqH;tjzwfukd od (tyf)\/ d k 649/ a0befcjJG crf;jcif;ESihf tusOf;csKH;jcif;tm;jzifh [l&m (od&efrm) Oyg'gef[aom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpf S l aom) b0udk a0bef cGjJ crf;jcif;tm;jzifif;? tusOf;csKH;jcif;tm;jzifif; (odtyf\[kqv\)/ csJYjythH? umrkyg'gef h h kd kd [laom taMumif;aMumifh umrb0udk jzpfapwwfaom uHukd y (tyf)\? xdk uHonf urb0rnf\/ xdk urb0 aMumifh jzpfueaom (0dygufEihf urZky) cEmwkYd onf Oyywb0 rnf\/ lyb0 tlyb0wkdY enf; k f S f d yifwnf;/ odkYvQif umrkyg'gef [laom taMumif;aMumifh 2-yg;aom umrb0wkYd onf (jzpfue\)? onmb0 k f yOa0gum&b0wkdYonfvnf; xdk 2-yg;aom umrb0wkYd twGi;0ifue\? 2-yg;aom lyb0wkYd onf (jzpfuef f k f k \)? onmb0 tonmb0 {ua0gum&b0 yOa0gum&b0wkYd onfvnf; xdk lyb0wkYd twGi;0if uke\? 2f f yg;aom tlyb0 wkYd onf (jzpfue\)? onmb0 ae0 onmem onmb0 pwka0gum&b0 wkYd onfvnf; xdk k f tlyb0wkYd twGi;0ifue\/ odYk tm;jzifh b0wkYd onf twGif;0ifaom b0ESifhwuG 6 f k f -yg; jzpfue\/ xkdrS k f wyg; umrkyg'gef [laom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaom) b0wkYd onf twGi;0ifaom b0wkYd EiwuG 6-yg; jzpfuef f S hf k ouJhodkY xdkYtwl <uif;aom Oyg'gef 3-yg;[laom taMumif;aMumifhvnf; 6-yg;pD jzpfue\/ qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; k f Oyg'gef[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom b0wdYk onf a0befcjJG crf;jcif;tm;jzifh twGi;0ifaom b0wdYk EiwuG l f S hf 24-yg; jzpfue\/ k f xkrwyg; tusOf;csKH;aomtm;jzifh (odYk odtyf\) - urb0udif;? Oyywb0udif; waygif;wnf; d S k d k wckwnf;y umrkyg'gef [laom taMumif;aMumifh twGi;0ifaom b0wdUk ESiwuG wyg;aom b0onf (jzpf\)/ f hf lyb0 tlyb0wkdYonf xkdYtwlyifwnf;/ odkYtm;jzifh 3-yg;aom b0wkYd onf (jzpfue\)/ <uif;aom Oyg'gef k f 3-yg;[laom taMumif;aMumifvnf; xdYk twlyif 3-yg;pD jzpfue\/ qdconftwdi; Oyg'gef [laom h k f k hJ h k f taMumif;aMumifh tusOf;csKH;aomtm;jzifh twGi;0ifaom b0wkYd EiwuG 12-yg;aom b0wkYd onf (jzpfue\)/ f S hf k f 208 wenf;aomfum; (Oyg'gef 4-yg; rcGy) omrntm;jzifh Oyg'gef[aom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaom) umr J J l b0odYk vm;apwwfaom uHonf urb0rnf\/ xkurb0aMumifh jzpfaom cEmwkYd onf Oyywb0rnf\/ ly d d b0 tlyb0wkYd enf;yifwnf;/ odYk vQif Oyg'gef [laom taMumif;aMumifh twGi;0ifaom b0wdYk EiwuG f S hf 2-yg;aom umrb0wkYd if;? 2-yg;aom lyb0wkYd if;? 2-yg;aom tlyb0wkYd if; odYk tjcm;wyg;aom enf;y&d,m,ft& tusOf;csKH;aomtm;jzifh b0wkdYonf 6-yg; jzpfue\/ wenf;um; ur b0Oyywd b0tjym; k f odYk ruyfromvQif? 0g? urb0 Oyywb0[k rcGr twGi;0ifaom b0wkYd EiwuG umrb0 ponfwYkd \ l d J l f S hf tpGrf;tm;jzifh b0wdkYonf 3-yg; jzpfue\/ umrb0paom tjym;odYk vnf; ruyfr urb0 Oyywb0wkYd \ k f l d tpGr;tm;jzifh b0wdYk onf 2-yg; jzpfue\? urb0 Oyywb0 tjym;odYk vnf; ruyfr Oyg'gef [laom f k f d l taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaom) b0[laom b0\tpGr;tm;jzifh b0onf wyg;wnf;omvQif jzpf\? qdconfh f k hJ twdi; (b0-[laom) yk' Oyg'gefvQif taMumif;Saom b0udk a0befcjJG crf;jcif; tusOf;csKH;jcif;tm;jzifvnf; k f f d h tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k 650/ tMuif (Oyg'gef)onf tMuif (b0)\ taMumif;ypn;jzpf\? (xktm;jzifif;) [l&m (od&efrm) f d h S 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif tMuif Oyg'gefonf tMuifb0\ taMumif;ypn; jzpf\? xdk Oyg'gef xdk b0 G f tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\? um; teuf/ 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYkd wif tb,fOyg'gefonf h k G tb,f b0\ taMumif;jzpfoenf;[lr trSwrSd wpHwckaom Oyg'gefonf trSwrSd wpHwckaom b0\ l f k f k taMumif; jzpfonf omvQiwnf;/ rSeay\? ykxZOf yk*Kd vfonf tl;ESiw\? xkd ykxZOf yk*dK vfonf ]] f f k hf l k trIonf oif\? trIonf roif}h }[k rpl;prf; rqifjcifr trSwrSd wpHwckaom Oyg'gef\ tpGr;tm;jzifh h l f k f trSwrSd wpHk wckaom b0udawmifw trSwrSd wpHwckaom trIukd ywwfonfomvQifwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh f k h f k tcsKdYaomq&mwdYk onf ]]oDvAwk yg'gefaMumifh lyb0 tlyb0wkYd rjzpfue}f }[k qdue\/ xdpum;udk r,ltyfk k k f k r,HMk unftyf? trSetm;jzifrl ]]tvH;pHaom Oyg'gefaMumifh tvH;pHaom b0jzpfEionf}}[k ,ltyf\/ f h k k k k kd f jzpfEiytus,fum;-avmu tcsKdYaom yk*Kd vfonf wqifMh um;\ tpGr;tm;jzifaomfif;? awGYjrifb; kd f Hk f h l onfukd tpOfvujf cif;tm;jzifaomfif; ]]umr*kPwYkd rnfonf vlYavmu0,f cw, r[momvac: tvGef kd h f d
58
aygrsm;<u,f0aom rif;rsKd;ponfwYdk if; 6-yg;aom umr0p& ewfjynfwYdkif; jynfpue\}}[k BuHpnfNyD;vQif h kH k f xdk umr*kPwYdk ukd &jcif;tusKd;iSg rolawmfw&m;udk Mum;emjcif; ponfwYdk u vSnpm;tyfonfjzpf ]]trIjzifh f hf umr*kPwYkd onf jynfpue\}}[k xifrwonfjzpf umrkyg'gef\ tpGr;tm;jzifh um, 'kpkuponfwYdk ukd f h kH k f S f f d f aomfvnf; y\? xdk yk*Kd vfonf 'kpku\ jynfjh cif;aMumifh tyg,fb jzpf\? wenf;tm;jzifrl rsuarSmuf d f kH h f awGYjriftyfaom umr*kPwYdk ukd awmifw onfjzpfaomfif;? &tyfNyD;aom umr*kPwYdk ukd apmifaSmufonf jzpf f h f h aomfif; umrkyg'gef\ tpGr;tm;jzifh um,'kpkuf ponfwYdk ukd y\? xdy*Kd vfonf 'kpku\ jynfjh cif;aMumifh f d k k d f tyg,fb jzpf\/ xdk yk*Kd vf\ xdk tyg,fb jzpfjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom 'kpkutukovuonf urb0 kH kH d f kd f H rnf\? uHaMumifh jzpfueaom cEmwkYd onf Oyywb0rnf\? onmb0 yOa0gum&b0wkYd onfum; xdk ('kpkuf k f d d aMumifh jzpfaom tyg,fumrb0) twGi;0ifueonf omvQiwnf;/ f k f f 209 tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vfonfum; olawmfaumif;w&m;udk Mum;emjcif; ponfwYdku yGg;aptyfaom todPfonfjzpf ]]trItm;jzifh umr*kPwYdk onf jynfpue\}}[k xifrwvsuf umrkyg'gef\ tpGr;tm; dS f h kH k f S f f jzifh um,okpkuf ponfwYdk ukd y\/ xdk yk*Kd vfonf okpku\ jynfjh cif;aMumifh ewfwYkd aomfif; vlwYkd aomf d d f if;jzpf\/ xdk yk*Kd vf\ xdk ewfvwYdk jzpfjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom okpkuf ukovuonf urb0rnf\? l d kd f H uHaMumifh jzpfueaom cEmwdYk onf Oyywb0rnf\? onmb0 yOa0gum&b0wkYd onfum; xdk (okpkuaMumifh k f d d f jzpfaom ok*wdumrb0) twGi;0ifueonfomvQiwnf;/ odYk vQif umrkyg'gefonf ('k*wd ok*wd a'0 f k f f rEk paom) tjym;Sonfjh yif twGi;0ifaom (onm yOa0gum&) b0wdYk Eivnf; wuGjzpfaom umrb0\ d f S hf taMumif; jzpfay\/ tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vfonf ]]umr*kPwYkd onf lyb0 tlyb0wkYd xdk umrb0 xufom jynfpuef f h kH k \}}[k Mum;bl;aomfif; BuHqaomfif; umrkyg'gef\ tpGr;jzifomvQif ly tlyormywfwYdk ukd jzpfap (xd) f h k ormywf\ tpGr;jzifh ly tly jA[avmu jzpf\/ xdk yk*Kd vf\ xdjk A[avmu jzpfjcif;\ taMumif; jzpfaom f ormywf uHonf urb0rnf\/ uHaMumifh jzpfueaom cEmwkYd onf Oyywd b0rnf\/ onmb0 tonm k f b0 ae0onm emonmb0 {ua0gum&b0 pwka0gum&b0 yOa0g um&b0wkYd onfum; xk(ormywf d uHaMumifh jzpfaom ly-tlyb0) twGi;0ifueonfomvQifwnf;/ odYk vQif umrkyg'gefonf (yXrpsmef f k f 'kw,psmef paom) tjym; Sonfjh yif twGi;0ifaom (onm b0paom) b0wkYd Eivnf;wuGjzpfueaom lyb0 d d f S hf k f tlyb0wkdY\vnf; taMumif;jzpfay\/ tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vfonf ]]twrnfonf jynhpcsrf;omaom umrok*wd b0aomfif;? ly tly f kH b0wdYk wif wyg;yg;aomfif; (ao) jywfvQif aumif;pGm jywfonf}}[k Oap''d|ukd pG, xdumr ok*wdb0 G d J l k ly tlyb0odYk a&mufapwwfaom uHukd y\? xdy*Kd vf\ xduonf urb0rnf\? uHaMumifjh zpf ukeaom k k k H f cEmwkYd onf Oyywb0rnf\/ onmb0ponfwYdk onfum; xd(uHaMumifjh zpfaom umrb0 lyb0 tlyb0) d k wdYk twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;/ odYk vQif 'd|Kyg'gefonf (rEka'0paom) tjym;Sonfjh yif twGi;0if f k f d f aom (onmpaom) b0wkYd Eivnf;wuG jzpfueaom oH;yg;vnf;jzpfueaom umrb0 lyb0 tlyb0wkYd \ S hf k f k k f taMumif;jzpfay\/ tjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vfonf ]]twrnfonf jynfpkH csrf;omaom umrok*wdb0aomfif;? ly tly h b0wkYd wif wyg;yg;aomfif; csrf;omESihf jynhponf ylyefruif;onf}}[k (,laom) tw0g 'kyg'gefjzifh xdk G f kH I umrly tlyb0odYk a&mufapwwfaom uHukd y\? xdk yk*Kd vf\ xduonf urb0 rnf\? xkuaMumifh k H d H jzpfueaom cEmwkYd onf Oyywb0rnf\/ onmb0 ponfwYdk onfum; xdk (uHaMumifh jzpfaom umrly tly k f d b0) wdYk twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;/ odYk vQif tw0g 'kyg'gefonf (rEka'0paom) tjym;Sonhjf yif f k f d twGi;0ifaom (onm-paom) b0wdYk Eivnf; wuGjzpfueaom 3-yg;aom b0wkYd \ taMumif;jzpfay\/ f S hf k f wjcm;wyg;aom yk*Kd vfonf ]]tavhtusihf rnfonf jynhpaom umrb0aomfif;? ly tlyb0 f kH wkYd wif wyg;yg;aom b0aomfif; jznhusifaomoltm; csrf;omvG,upm jynfpjkH cif;odYk a&muf\}}[k (,laom) G f h f l G h oDvAwyg'gef\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xdumr ly tlyb0odYk a&mufapwwfaom uHukd y\? xdy*Kd vf\ xduonf k f k k k k H urb0rnf\/ xduaMumifh jzpfueaom cEmwkYd onf Oyywd b0 rnf\/ onmb0ponfwYdk onfum; xd(uH k H k f k aMumifjh zpfaom umr ly tlyb0)wdYk twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;/ odYk vQif oDvAwyg'gefonf f k f k tjym;ESiwuG jzpfonfjh yif twGi;0ifaom b0wdYk Eivnf;wuG jzpfueaom 3-yg;aom b0wdYk \ taMumif; hf f S hf k f
59
jzpfay\/ qkconftwdi; (ba0g-[laom) yk'f tMuifOyg'gefonf tMuifb0\ taMumif;jzpf\? xdk d hJ h k f Oyg'gef xdb0tm;jzifvnf; tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k h k 210 4-yg;aom Oyg'gefwYdk wif tb,fOyg'gefonf tb,fb0tm; tb,foYkd aus;Zl;yoenf; [k G ar;jim;th/ H Oyg'gefonf lyb0 tlyb0wkYd tm; Oyed,owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\? xdk Oyg'gefonf umr b0tm; o[Zmw ponfwYdkjzifvnf; aus;Zl;y\[k odtyf\/ h csJYjytHh? ly tlyb0wdkYtm;if;? umrb0 tusKH;0ifaom umrb0wGi?f 0g? ukovf tukovf uH 2kd kd yg; xJu ukodkvfuHtm; omvQifif;? Oyywdb0tm;if; 4-yg;aom tjym;Sonfvnf; jzpfaom Oyg'gefonf d Oyed,ypn;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg; tjym;tm;jzifomvQif aus;Zl;y\? umrb0 rdrEihf ,SOaom tukovf f f h d S f kd urb0tm; o[Zmw tnrn ed, or,w twd t0d*w a[wkypn; tjym;Sueaom o[Zmwponf k f d k f wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;y \? (rdrEi) r,SOaom tukovf urb0tm;rl Oyed, ypn;jzifomvQif (aus;Zl;y\)/ d S hf f kd f h wGif w&yfNyD;\/ qdcaom pum;onf ]]Oyg'geyp,m ba0g}} [laom yk' tus,jf yqdaom pum; aywnf;/ k hJ f k
b0yp,mZmwdponf tus,fjyqkdcsuf
651/ b0yp,m Zmwd tpSaom yk'wYdk ZmwdtpSonfwYdk \ tqH;tjzwfukd opea'o qdtyfcNhJ yD; d f d k d k aom enf;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ txl;um; b0[laom yk' urb0udomvQif tvdtyf\/ rSeay\? xdk h f k k dS f urb0onf b0topfjzpfjcif;-Zmwdtm; aus;Zl;ywwfay\/ Oyywb0onf aus;Zl;rywwfay/ aus;Zl;yyHk d um; xdurb0onf urypn; Oyed,ypn;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl; ywwfay\/ k f f f (b0yp,m Zmwd-[laom) xdpum; ]]b0onf Zmwdtm; aus;Zl;ywwf\-[laom oabmudk k tb,foYkd odtyfygoenf;}}[k (wpHwa,mufaom yk*Kd vf\ ar;jcif;onf) jzpf&m\-jzpfEi\/ (tajzum;) k kd f tjyify taMumif;wdYk \ wlnjD cif; Sjd im;aomfvnf; ,kwonf\tjzpf jrwfonf\ tjzpf tpSaom xl;jcm;jcif;udk f d awGYjrif&jcif;aMumifh (odtyfayonf)/ csJYjytH?h trdtb okwaoG; tpm tm[m& tpSueaom tjyify f d k f taMumif;wdYk \ wlnonf\tjzpf Sjd im;aomfvnf; trTmnDaemifwYdk jzpfuef jim;aomfvnf; ow0gwkYd \ D k ,kwonf\ tjzpf jrwfonf\tjzpf tpSaom xl;jcm;jcif;udk awGYjrif& ay\/ xkx;jcm;jcif;onfvnf; f d d l taMumif;rJh r[kway/ (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) tcgcyfor;if; cyfor;aom ow0gwkYd tm;if; rSjd cif;aMumifh f h h l d f d f aywnf;/ urb0rS wyg;aom taMumif;Sonfvnf; r[kway? (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) xdurb0aMumifh d f h l k jzpfaom ow0gwkYd \ tZwoEmef (rdroEmef jzpfonfr) wyg;aom xl;jcm;jcif;udk ywwfaom taMumif;\ d S rSjd cif;aMumifh aywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh ur b0vQif taMumif;Sonf omvQifwnf;/ rSeay\? uHonf ow0gwkYd \ d f ,kwonf\tjzpf jrwfonf\tjzpf tpSaom xl;jcm;jcif;\ taMumif;aywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh jrwfpmbk&m;onf f d G ]]uHonf ow0gwkYd ukd ,kwonf\tjzpf jrwfonf\tjzpfjzifh cGjJ crf;a0bef\}}[k a[mawmfr\/ xkYd aMumifh f l (uH[aom) b0onf b0topfjzpfjcif;-Zmwdtm; aus;Zl;yonf[aom oabmudk odtyfay\/ l l xdrwyg; b0topfjzpfjcif;-ZmwdrSvwfaomf Z&mr&Prnfonf rSEi?f aomutpSueaom w&m; k S d d kd d k f wdYk onfrvnf; rSEiue/ pifppfaomfum; b0topfjzpfjcif;-Zmwdvwfaomf tdjk cif; aojcif;onfvnf; jzpf\? l d kd f k f dS tkjd cif; aojcif;[kqtyfaom qif;&JaMumif; w&m;u awGYxEypufaom rod rvdrmaom vltm; tdjk cif; aojcif; kd d dS f ESipyfonfrvnf; jzpfueaom xdxkd (aqGrsKd;wkYd \ ysufp;jcif; tpSaom) qif;&JaMumif;w&m;u 211 awGYxd hf l k f k D d ESypufaom rod rvdrmaom vltm; tdjk cif; aojcif;ESihf rpyfonfrvnf; jzpfueaom pd;&dryaqG;jcif; d f l k f k f l tpSueaom w&m;wdYk onfvnf; jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifh b0 topfjzpfjcif;-Zmwdonfvnf; Z&mr&P d k f k f tm;if; pd;&dryaqG;jcif;tp Saom w&m;wdYk tm;if; aus;Zl; ywwf\[k odtyf\/ aus;Zl;yyHum; xdb0 topf k f l d k k jzpfjcif;-Zmwdonf Oyed, tpGe;tzdYk tm;jzifh wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifomvQif aus;Zl;ywwfay\/ wGif f h w&yfNyD;\/ qdcaom pum;onf b0yp,m Zmwd tpSaom yk'wYdk tus,f jyqdaom pum; aywnf;/ k hJ d f k
60
b0pufudkjyqkdjcif;
652/ b0pufvnfyukd jyOD;th?H y#dporkyg'f a'oemawmf pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ponfwYdk ukd tqH; a[m kH k f l k xm;aomaMumifh ]]t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf}}[k odYk b0puf\ tp tMuif t0dZmudk a[mawmfrl (tyf) \/ xdt0dZmonf pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ponfwYdkaMumifh NyD;pD;\? rodtyfaom tpSaom2 ywwf k k f l d aomol cHpm;wwfaomolrS uif;aom 12-yg; tjym;Sdaom t*FgwdkY\ qdwoO;jcif;jzifh f k f qdwoO;aom b0pufonf .... f k f tNrJrjywf jzpfvsuvnfaeonf[k odtyf\/ f y#dporkyg'f a'oemawmf pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ponfwYdk aMumifh t0dZmonf tb,foYkd NyD;pD;yg oenf; k f l b0pufonf tb,foYkd rodtyfaom tpSygoenf; ywwfaomol cHpm;wwfaomolrS tb,foYkd uif;yg d oenf; 12-yg; tjym;Saom qdwoO;jcif;jzifh tb,foYkd qdwoO;ygoenf;[k tu,f ar;jim;th?H (tajz d f k f f k f um;) y#dporkyg'f a'oemawmf pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ESv;romjcif; jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;wdYk onf t0dZmESihf rauGruGm k f l kH ,SOfavhue\? ida<u;jcif; rnfonfrmvnf; (t0dZmjzif) rdurJ awGa0aomoltm; jzpf\/ xkYd aMumifh pd;&drf dS k f k S h k f k ylaqG;jcif; ponfwYdk onf NyD;ukevwfaomf aS;OD;pGm t0dZmonf NyD;avawmh\/ wenf;aomfum; ]]tmo0\ f jzpfjcif;aMumif; t0dZm \ jzpfjcif;S\}}[k (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ pd;&drjf cif; ponfwYdk onfvnf; d G k tmo0\ jzpfjcif;-Sjd cif;aMumif?h 0g? tmo0 [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfue\/ k f tb,foYkd enf;[lrl 0wKtmkH umr*kPEihf uif;uGmvwfaomf aS;OD;pGm umro0[laom taMumif; f S aMumifh pd;&drf ylaqG;jcif;jzpf\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; k G l kH ]]0wKumr vdcsifwyfrufaeaom? 0g? udavomumr [laom oGm;aMumif;,mOfaom k dS ESpoufvcsirI -qEjzpfaeaom xdow0gtm; &tyfNyD;aom xdk 0wKtmkH umr*kPwYdk onf f kd f k f tu,f uif;uGm ysufp;ukejf im;tH?h odYk jzpfvwfaomf xdow0gonf jrm;rSeaomorifuoYkd D k f hJ (pd;&drjf cif; paom jrm;ajimifjh zif) azmufjyef ysup;\}} [l yifwnf;/ k h f D wnf;/ xkYd jyif wrsK;a[mawmfryum; ]]vdcsiEpouf wyfrufaom umraMumifh pd;&dryaqG; jcif;jzpf\}} [lyif d l kH k f S f k f l
xdrwyg; tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom aomu - pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ponfwYdkonf 'd|mo0 [laom k S k k k f k f l taMumif;aMumifvnf; jzpfue\/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; h k f G l kH ]]kyfonf ig? kyfonf ig\ Opm-[k xuf0ef;usix<u jzpfay:aom 'd|jd zifh f wnfavhaom xdk ykxZOf yk*Kd vftm; kyf\ajymif;vJ azmufjyefjcif; - wrsK;wrnf jzpfjcif; dS k d aMumifh pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ida<u;jcif; uk,qif;&Jjcif; pdwEv;romjcif; jyif;pGm ylyefjcif; k f l k d f f S kH wkYd onf jzpfue\}} [lyifwnf;/ k f xdrwyg; 'd|mo0 [laom taMumif;aMumifh uJoYkd xkYd twlyif b0go0 [laom taMumif;aMumifvnf; k S h h (aomu ponfwYdk jzpfue\/) (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; k f G l kH 212 ]]Snaom toufueaom tqif;vSyukeaom csrf;omrsm;ukeaom tMuif f dS k f f f jA[m ewfwYdk onf jrifpmaom Adrmef wkYd tvGenjf rifpm wnfvsuf Sue\? xdk jA[m h G f S h G d k f ewfwYkdonfvnf; jrwfpmbk&m;\ w&m;a'oemawmfukd Mum;emuke aMumufjcif; yifyef; G f jcif; xwfvefYjcif;odYk a&mufue\}} [l yifwnf;/ k f (Oyrm) ig;yg;aom ykAerwwYdk ukd jrif aoab;jzifh Ncdr;acsmuftyfueaom ewfwYkd tm; (pd;&drjf cif; d d f f k f k ponfwYdk jzpfueo)uJoYkdwnf;/ k f h
61
xdrwyg; b0go0[laom taMumif;aMumifuoYkd xkYd twlyif t0dZmo0[laom taMumif;aMumifvnf; k S h hJ h (aomuponfwYdk jzpfue\)/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; k f G l kH ]]&[ef;wkYd xdoYkd aom olruonf 3-yg; tjym;Saom qif;&Jjcif; ESv;romjcif; k kd f d kH udk rsufarSmuf twabm - rsuarSmuf b0yifvQif cHpm;&\}} [lyifwnf;/ f qdcaomenf;jzifh tmo0[laom taMumif;aMumifh pd;&dryaqG;jcif; tpSaom w&m;wkYd onfjzpfue\/ k hJ k f l d k f xkYd aMumifh pd;&drf ylaqG;jcif; paom w&m;wkYd NyD;ukevwfaomf t0dZm\ taMumif;jzpfueaom tmo0wkYd onf k f k f NyD;uke\/ tmo0wkYd NyD;ukevwfaomf taMumif;SvQif (tusKd;\) Sjd cif;aMumifh t0dZmonfvnf; NyD;awmhonf f f d omvQifwnf;/ qdconftwdi; y#dporkyg'f a'oemawmf aomuponfwYdk jzifh t0dZm NyD;onf[k k hJ h k f aS;OD;pGm odtyf\/ xdrwyg; qkconftwdi; taMumif;SvQif (tusKd;\) Sjd cif;aMumifh t0dZm NyD;vwfaomf ]]wzef k S d hJ h k f d t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd onf jzpfue\? ocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfonf jzpf\}} k f odYk aom enf;jzifh taMumif;tusKd; tqufquf\ tqH;rnfonf rSawmhay/ xkYd aMumifh taMumif;tusKd;wkYd \ k d pyfonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh rjywfjzpfvsuvnfaom t*Fg 12-yg; Saom xkd b0pufonf rodtyfaom tpS\ f f d d [l NyD;avawmhonf/ odYk b0pufonf tprSvwfaomf ]]t0dZmyp,m ocFg&m}}[k (t0dZmjzif) tpSonf\ tjzpfukd d h d qdaom pum;onf? 0g? (t0dZm [laom) tprQudk qkaom pum;onf qefYusif\[k qkjd im;th/ (tajzum;) k d H pum;onf tpSonf tjzpfukd qkaom? 0g? tprQudk qdaompum; r[kway/ pifppfaomfum; pum;onf d d k f jy"mef;aom w&m;udk qkaom pum;aywnf;? csJYjytH?h t0dZmonf 3-yg;aom 0#fwYkd\ jy"mef;aom w&m; d jzpfonf/ rSeay\/ t0dZmud,jl cif;aMumifh <uif;aom udavo0#fonfif; ur0#fEihf 0dygu0#fwYdk onfif; rod f k S rvdrmaom yk*Kd vfukd (trsK;rsK;aom qif;&J'uwYkd aygif;pk&m jzpfaom oHo&maESmiftr csKyfuif wm;jrpfue\? d d k d f kd k f (Oyrm) a>r\ OD;acgif;udk qkyuijf cif;aMumifh acgif;rS <uif;aom a>r\ud,onf (qkyuio\) vufarmif;udk f kd k f f kd f l &pfywfcsKyfuif ouJoYkd aywnf;/ t0dZm\ t<uif;rJh jywfjcif;udk ytyfNyD;vwfaomfum; xd<k uif;aom udavo0#f kd h ESihf ur0#f 0dygu0#fwYdkrS vGwajrmufjcif;onf jzpfay\? (Oyrm) a>r\ OD;acgif; jywfjcif;udk ytyf NyD;vwfaomf f &pfywfcsKyfuif tyfaom vufarmif;\ vGwajrmufjcif;uJoYkd aywnf;/ (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfryum; kd f h G l kH ]]t0dZm\ omvQif t<uif;rJh ysujf y,fjcif; csKyfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;onf (jzpf\)}} odkY tpSdonf yifwnf;/ odYk vQif tMuif jy"mef;aom w&m;udk ,laomoltm; aESmifzYJG jcif; jzpf vTwaomoltm; vGwajrmuf f f jcif; jzpf\/ (t0dZmyp,m ocFg&m [laom) pum;onf xdk jy"mef;aom w&m;udqaom pum;aywnf;/ k kd tpSdonf\tjzpfukd qkaompum;? 0g? tprQudom qkaompum; r[kway? qkconftwdi; b0pufonf d k d f d hJ h k f rodtyfaom tpSonf[k odtyfay\/ d 213 xdkb0pufonf t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh ocFg&ponfwYdk \ rjywf jzpfay:jcif; (jzpf d ayonf)/ xkYd aMumifh xdk t0dZmtpSaom taMumif;wdYk rS wyg;aom ]](tSif ocifBuD;onf) jA[maywnf;? d r[mjA[maywnf;? tjrwfq;bk&m;ocif aywnf;? urmavmuudk pD&if zefqif;wwf olaywnf;}}[k odYk kH BuHqtyfaom jA[mtpSaom oHo&mudk ywwforvnf; uif;\? ]]ig\ xkoYkd aom twonf ajymqdk d l S d wwfay\? (taumif;tqd;ud) cHpm;wwfay\? 0g? odwwfay\}}[k odYk BuHqtyfaom csrf;omqif;&JwYdk ukd k k cHpm;wwfaom twrvnf;uif;\? odYk vQif (b0pufonf) ywwfol cHpm;wwforS uif;onf[k odtyfay S l onf/ xdrwyg; b0puf t0dZmonf jzpfjcif; ysufjcif; oabmSonf\ tjzpfaMumifh cdiNf rJonf\ tjzpfrS k S d k qdwoO;\/ (udavomwkYd u) npfEr;aptyfonf\ tjzpfaMumifif; npfEr; apwwfaom udavomwdYk \ f k f G f h G f (toH;cH) tmkjH zpfaomaMumifif; wifw,fonf\ tjzpfrvnf; qdwoO;\/ jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;u tNrJrjywf k h h S f k f ESypuftyfonf\ tjzpfaMumifh csr;omtjzpfrvnf; qdwoO;\/ taMumif;ESipyfaom jzpfjcif;SaomaMumifh d f f S f k f hf d tvktwdi; jzpfEi-jzpfapEdiaom twtjzpfrvnf;qdwoO;\/ ocFg&tpSdaom t*FgwkdYonfvnf; xdkYtwlyif d k f kd f k f S f k f 4-yg; 4-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh qdwoO;uke\/ wenf; qdwoO;yHum; t0dZm twr[kwf tw\ Opmr[kwf f k f f f k f k tw (wnfonf) r[kwf twSdonfr[kwf/ ocFg& tpSaom t*FgwkYd onfvnf; xdYk twlyifwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh d b0pufonf 12-yg; tjym;Saom qdwoO;jcif;jzifh qdwoO;onf[k odtyfay\/ d f k f f k f
62
653/ rQomruao;? qdconftwki; wzef k hJ h d f t0dZmESiwPSmwkYd onf xdb0puf\ rlvaywnf;? twduf ponfwYdk onf (xdb0puf hf k k \) 3-yg;aom umvwkdYaywnf;/ xdk 3-yg;aom umvwkYd wif okytm;jzifh (a[mxm; G f aom) 2-yg;aom t*FgwdkYonfif;? 8-yg;aom t*FgwdkYonfif;? 2-yg;aom t*FgwdkYonf if; (xdb0puf\ twdwumv ypKyef umv tem*wfumvwkYd rnfMuonf[k odtyf k f \)/
rlv 2-yg;
csJYjytHh? t0dZmESifh wPSm[laom 2-yg;aom w&m;wdYk ukd xdk qdtyfcaom b0puf\ rlv [k odtyf k hJ (uke)\/ xdqcaom b0pufonf aS;twdwtzdYk rS ypKyetusKd;udk aqmifaomtm;jzifh t0dZmvQif t&if; f k dk hJ f f Saom a0'emvQif tqH;Saom b0pufwck? aemuf tem*wftzdYk ukd qufpyf us,fjyefYapaomtm;jzifh wPSmvQif d k d t&if;Sdaom Z&mr&PvQif tqHk;Sdaom b0puf wck odkYtm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xdk 2-yg;aom b0puf wdYk wif aS;jzpfaom b0pufukd 'd|pkuo\ tpGr;tm;jzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ aemufjzpfaom b0pufukd G d d f dS l f wPSmpkdufSdol\ tpGr;tm;jzifh (a[mawmfr\)/ rSeay\? t0dZmonf 'd|pduaom olwYkd \ (rjywfjzpfaom f l f d k f dS cEmtpOf[k qdtyfaom) oHo&mudk aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwf\/ wPSmonf wPSmpkdufSdaomolwdkY\ oHo&m k udk aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwf\/ wenf;um; Oap''d|ukd t<uif;rJh y,fowfjcif;iSg yXrpufukd (a[mawmfr\? d l tb,faMumifenf;) tusKd;\jzpfjcif;jzifh taMumif;wkYd \ rjywfpjJ cif;udk jyjcif;aMumifwnf;/ ow'd|udk h h d t<uif;rJh y,fjzwfjcif;iSg 'kw, pufukd (a[mawmfr\? tb,faMumifenf;) jzpfay:ukeaom (0dnmPfpaom) d l h h f tusKd;w&m;wdYk \ tkjd cif; aojcif;udk jyjcif;aMumifwnf;/ wenf;um; *Aao,suyk*Kd vf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh aS;b0 h f pufukd (a[mawmfr\? tb,faMumifenf;) tpOftwdi; jzpfjcif;udk jyjcif;aMumifwnf;/ Oyygwf yk*Kd vf\ l h h k f h tpGr;tm;jzifh aemufpufukd (a[mawmfr\? tb,faMumifenf;) waygif;wnf; jzpfjcif;-wydieuf jzpfjcif;udk f l h h f jyjcif;aMumifwnf;/ h
umv 3-yg;
xdrwyg; twdwf ypKyef tem*wfwYdk onf xdk b0puf\ 3-yg;aom umvwkdY aywnf;/ xdk 3-yg;aom k S umvwkYd wif y#dporkyg'f a'oemygVd okytm;jzifvmaom t*FgwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh t0dZmESihf ocFg& [laom G f h f 2-yg;aom t*FgwdYk onf twdwumv rnfue\/ 0dnmPfvQif tpSdukefaom b0vQif tqHk;Sdukefaom 8-yg; f k f aom t*FgwdYk onf ypKyeumvrnfue\/ ZmwdESifh Z&m r&P[laom 2-yg;aom t*FgwdYk onf tem*wf umv f k f rnfue\ [l odtyf (uke)\/ k f f 214 654/ wzef ..... ]]taMumif;aS; Sdaom tpyf tusKd;aS;Sdaom tpyf taMumif; aS;Sdaom tpyftm;jzifh tpyf 3-yg; Sdaom 4-yg; tjym; Sdaom (t*Fg) taygif;tpk tvTmvnf; Sdaom 20-aom tjcif;t&m [laom axmuftuefYvnf; Saom 0#f 3-yg;vnf; Saom b0pufonf d d &yfwefYjcif; rSyJ tNrJvnfvsuf Sonf}} -d d [lvnf; odtyf\/
tpyf 3-yg;
xk*gxm ocFg&wkYd Eihf y#doaE0nmPf\ tMum; taMumif;ESihf tusKd; tpyfrnfaom tpyfwck? a0'em d S d ESihf wPSm\tMum; tusKd;ESihf taMumif; tpyfrnfaom tpyfwck? b0ESihf Zmwd\ tMum; taMumif;ESitusKd; hf tpyfrnfaom tpyfwck? odkYtm;jzifh b0pufrSm ]]taMumif;aS; Sdaom tpyf tusKd;aS;Sdaom tpyf taMumif;aS;Saom tpyftm;jzifh 3-yg;aom tpyfSdonf}}[k odtyf\/ d
63
tvTm 4-yg;
xdrwyg; tpyfwYkd \ tptqH;jzifh ydi;jcm;tyfueaom xdb0puf\ 4-yg;ukeaom taygif;tpk tvTm k S k k f k f k f wkYd onf jzpfue\/ tvTmwkYd onf tb,fenf;[lr t0dZmESihf ocFg&wkYd onf wckaom tvTmaywnf;/ k f l 0dnmPf emrfyf oVm,we z a0'emwkYd onf 'kw, tvTmaywnf;/ wPSm Oyg'gef b0wdYk onf wwd, k d tvTmaywnf;/ ZmwdEihf Z&mr&PwkYd onf pwkw tvTmaywnf;/ odYk tm;jzifh b0pufrm ]]4-yg; tjym; S S Sdaom taygif;tpk tvTm Sdonf}}[k odtyf\/
tjcif;t&m 20
xdrwyg; k S twdwfb0 taMumif; 5-yg;? ,ckypKyefb0 tusKd; 5-yg;? ,ckypKyeb0 taMumif; 5f yg;? aemif tem*wf b0 tusKd; 5-yg; - [laom 20-aom tjcif;t&m[k qdtyfaom axmuftuefYwYkd jzifh 20-aom tjcif;t&m [laom axmuftuefY Sonf k d [k odtyf\/
twduftaMumif; 5-yg;
xd*gxm (tus,fum;) twdwfb0 taMumif; 5-yg; [lonfum; aS;OD;pGm t0dZmESihf ocFg&wkYd [aom k l 2-yg;wdYk onf (y#dporkyg'f a'oem ygVd okytm;jzif) a[mtyfNyD;omvQif jzpfue\/ xkYd jyif (0dyem f h k f ynmrS) rod rvdrmaom olonf qmavmifawmifw\? qmavmif awmifwonf jzpf pGvrf;\? pGvrf;aom d h h J J xkotm; pGvrf;rI Oyg'gef[aom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfaMumif; uH[aom) b0onf jzpf\/ xkYd aMumifh wPSm d l J l l Oyg'gef b0wkYd onfvn;f (t0dZm wPSmudk ,ljcif;jzif) ,ltyfNyD;jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifh h k f ]]aS;b00,f urb0udk ypOf (Scaom) arm[onf t0dZm aywnf;? tm;xkwrI d hJ f wkYd onf ocFg&wdYk aywnf;? vdcsif ESpoufjcif;onf wPSmaywnf;? uyfNidjcif;onf Oyg'gef k f aywnf;? apwemonf (jzpfaMumif; ur) b0aywnf;/ odYk vQif aS;b00,f urb0udk y NyD;pD;ukefaom 5 -yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf k,ck ypKyeb0 y#doaE\ taMumif; f wdYk aywnf;}} [k (y#dor'gr*fyg|d) a[mawmf rlay\/ d xdk y#dor'gr*fygVd aS;urb0udk [l&m aS;b0 jzpfaom ur b0ud?k twdwb0 urb0udk d f ytyfonfaomf? 0g? ypOf/ um; teuf/ arm[onf t0dZmaywnf;- [lonfum; xdk urb0udk ypOftcg dS 'kuponfwYdk (awGa0jcif; rodjcif; [laom) tMuifarm[onf jzpf\? ,if;arm[jzifh awGa0onfjzpf (ukovf kd tukov) uHukd y\? xdk arm[onf t0dZmrnf\/ tm;xkwrwYdk onf ocFg&wkYd aywnf;-[lonfum; xdk uHukd kd f f I yaomol\ tMuifaS;tzdYk jzpfaom apwemwkYd onf (Sue\)/ Oyrm tvukd aytH[k pdwukd jzpfapNyD;vQif d k f h f wvvH;aomfvnf; wESpv;aomfvnf; ay;vb,f taqmuftODypn;wkYd ukd SmBuH pDrcefYcaeaom oltm; k f kH G f H JG jzpfueaom aS;tzdYk apwemwkYd uoYkd yifwnf;/ (xdaS;tzdYk apwemwkYd onf tm;xkwr-ocFg&wdYk rnfue\)/ k f hJ k f I k f tvcy*Kd vfwYdk \ vuf vb,0wKudk wnfapqJ vqjJ zpfaomol\ apwemudrl b0[l qdtyf\/ H k G f k k wenf;um; wckaom tm0Zef;Sdukefaom 6-Budraom aZmwdYk apwemwkYd onf tm;xkwr-ocFg&wkYd rnfue\/ f f I k f 215 owraZm (apwemonf) b0rnf\/ wenf;um; trSwrSd wpHwckaom apwemonf b0rnf\/ f k (apwemESi) ,SOaomw&m;wkYd onf tm;xkwrI ocFg&wdYk rnfue\/ vdcsiEpoufjcif;onf wPSmaywnf;hf f f k f k f S f [lonfum; trIuukd yaomol\ (jzpfrnf) tusK;jzpfaom Oyywb0 tvkjdS cif; awmifwjcif;onf wPSm H h d d d h rnf\/ uyfNidjcif;onf Oyg'gefaywnf; [lonfum; ur b0\ taMumif;jzpfaom ]]trIudky rnfaom Xme umr*kPwYdk ukd rS0t?hH (aoaomtcg) jywfpt}hH } odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh jzpfaom uyfNidjcif; qkyuijf cif; f D J J d f kd rSm;,Gi;pGm oH;oyfjcif;onf Oyg'gef rnf\/ apwemonf b0aywnf; [lonfum; tm;xkwr\ tqH; zGiqkd f k f I k hf tyfcaom apwemonf b0rnf\/ odkY teufudk odtyf\/ hJ
64
ypKyeftusKd; 5-yg;
,ck ypKyefb0 tusKd; 5-yg; [lonfum; 0dnmPftp a0'em tqH;Saom y#dporkyg'f a'oem ygVd k d okytm;jzifh vmaom tusKd; 5-yg;yifwnf;/ a[mawmfryum; f l kH ]]ypKyefb0 (aS;b0ESi) qufpyfaom oabmonf 0dnmPfaywnf;? ouf0if hf jcif; oabmonf emrfyaywnf;? Munfvifaom oabmonf tm,weaywnf;? awGYxd k f aom oabmonf zaywnf;? cHpm;jcif; oabmonf a0'em aywnf;? 5 -yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf ypKyeb00,f Oyywb0 aS;b0u ycJaom uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh f d h l (jzpfue\)}} [lyifwnf;/ k f xdk ygVd qufpyfaom oabmonf 0dnmPfaywnf; [lonfum; b0wyg;ESihf qufpyfonf\tpGr; f tm;jzifh jzpfaomaMumifh tMuifpwukd y#doaE[ qdtyf\? xdk qufpyfaom y#doaE pdwonf 0dnmPfrnf\/ d f l k f ouf0ifjcif; oabmonf emrfyaywnf; [lonfum; trd0rf;wdu emrfyf w&m;wkYd \ tMuifouf0ifjcif; k f k f k oabmonf vm0ifouJoYkd jzpfjcif;oabmonf (S\)? oabmonf emrfyrnf\/ Munfvifaom h d k f oabmonf tm,weaywnf;-[laom pum;udk puKtpSdaom 5 -yg;aom tm,wewkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh f a[mtyfay\/ awGYxaom oabmonf zaywnf;-[lonfum; tMuifoabmonf tmkukd awGYxvsuf d H d jzpfay:\? oabmonf z rnf\/ cHpm;jcif; oabmonf a0'emaywnf;-[lonfum; y#doaE0nmPf ESihf d aomfif; oVm,wevQif taMumif;Saom zESiaomfif; wuGjzpfaom tMuif0ygufjzpfaom cHpm;jcif; d hf d oabmonf (S\)? xdcpm;jcif; oabmonf a0'emrnf\? odYk teufukd odtyf\/ d k H
ypKyeftaMumif; 5-yg;
,ckypKyeb0 taMumif; 5-yg; [lonfum; wPSmtpSueaom (ig;yg;aom) w&m;wdYk aywnf;/ f d k f y#dporkyg'f a'oemygVd wPSmOyg'gef b0wkYd onf (omvQif) vmuke\/ odYk aomfvnf; b0udk ,ltyfonf f Saomf xdb0\ aS;tzdYk jzpfueaom odYk r[kwf xdb0ESihf ,SOueaom ocFg&wkYd ukd ,ltyfNyD; jzpfue\/ wPSm d k k f k f k f k f Oyg'gefwYdk ukd ,ljcif;jzifvnf; if;wdYk Eihf ,SOaom t0dZmudk (,ltyfNyD;jzpf\)? odYk r[kwf tMuift0dZmjzifh awGa0 h S f onfjzpf uHukd y\? xdk t0dZmudk ,ltyfNyD; jzpf\/ odYk tm;jzifh (taMumif;wkYd onf) 5-yg;wkdYaywnf;/ xdYk aMumifh ]],ck ypKyeb0 tm,wewkYd \ &ifusujf cif;aMumifh arm[onf t0dZm aywnf;? f h tm;xkwrwYdkonf ocFg&wkYd aywnf;? vdcsiEpoufjcif;onf wPSmaywnf;? uyfNidjcif; f I k f S f onf Oyg'gefaywnf;? apwemonf (jzpfaMumif; ur) b0aywnf;? odYk vQif ,ck ypKyef b00,f urb0 (yg0ifueaom) 5-yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf aemiftem*wfb0 k f y#doaE\ taMumif;wkYd aywnf;}}[k a[mawmfr\/ l xdygVd ]],ckypKyeb0 tm,wewkYd \ &ifusujf cif;aMumif}h }[laom pum;jzifh &ifusufaom k f h h tm,we Saom yk*Kd vf\ uHukd yaom umv awGa0jcif;udk jy\/ <uif;aom pum;onf ay:vGiaom teuf d f Sonfomwnf;/ d
tem*wftusKd; 5-yg;
aemiftem*wfb0 tusKd; 5-yg; [lonfum; 0dnmPftpSdukefaom 5-yg;aom w&m;wdYk aywnf;/ Zmwd udk ,ljcif;jzifh xdk 5-yg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\/ Z&mr&Ponfum; xdk 5-yg;aom w&m;wdYk \ k f Z&mr&Paywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh ]]aemif tem*wfb0 (aS;b0ESi) qufpyf aomoabmonf 216 0dnmPf hf aywnf;/ ouf0ifjcif; oabmonf emrfyf aywnf;? Munfvifaom oabmonf tm,weaywnf;/ awGYxd k aom oabmonf zaywnf;? cHpm;jcif; oabmonf a0'em aywnf;/ 5 -yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf aemif tem*wf b00,f Oyywb0 ypKyeb0 ytyfaom uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh (jzpfue)\}}[k a[mawmf d f l k f rl\/
65
odYk vQif b0qufonf 20-aom tjcif;t&m[laom axmuftuefY\/ dS
0#f 3-yg;
0#f 3-yg;Saom (b0pufonf) &yfwefYjcif;rSyJ tNrJvnfvsuf S\-[laom pum; ocFg&ESihf d d d b0wkYd onf ur0#frnf\/ t0dZm wPSmOyg'gefwYdk onf udavo0#f rnf\/ 0dnmPf emrfyf oVm,we z k a0'emwkYd onf 0dygu0#f rnf\/ odkYvQif 3-yg;aom 0#fwYkd jzifh 0#f 3-yg;Saom b0pufonf udavo0#f d rjywfpao;orQ umvywfv; rjywfpaom taMumif; Sonf\tjzpfaMumifh &yfwefYjcif;rSyJ tzefwvJvJ J kH J d d vnfwwfaomaMumifh vnfvsufonf omvQifwnf; [k odtyf\/ dS 655/ qdconftwdi; vnfvsufaom xdk b0pufukd k hJ h k f dS opmtrGeaom opmtm;jzifif; udptm;jzifif; wm;jrpfjcif;tm;jzifif; OyrmwkYd jzifif; eufeJ f dS h h h h jcif; tjym; enf;tjym;tm;jzifif; xduonftm;avsmfpm odtyf\/ h k f G xd*gxm (tus,fum;-avmuD) ukovf tukovuukd omrntm;jzifh ork',opm [l op0bif; k kd kd f H d ygVd a[mawmfrl (tyf)\? xkYd aMumifh ]]t0dZmyp,m ocFg&m}} tpSaom pum; t0dZmaMumifh (jzpfueaom) d k f ocFgwkYd onf 'kw, opmvQif trGeaom 'kw, opmaywnf;? ocFg&wkYd aMumifh (jzpfaom) 0dnmPfonf d f dS d 'kw,opm-trGefSdaom yXropmaywnf;/ 217 0dnmPf ponfwYdk aMumifh (jzpfueaom) emrfyf tpSueaom d k f k d k f 0dyguf a0'emtqH;Sueaom w&m;wkYd onf yXropmtrGeaom yXropmaywnf;/ a0'emaMumifh (jzpfaom) k d k f f dS wPSmonf yXropmtrGef Saom 'kw, opmaywnf;/ wPSmaMumifh (jzpfaom) Oyg'gefonf 'kw, opmtrGef d d d Saom 'kw,opm aywnf;/ Oyg'gefaMumifh (jzpfaom) b0onf 'kw, opmtrGeaom yXr 'kw, opm 2-ck d d d f dS d taygif;aywnf;/ b0aMumifh (jzpfaom) Zmwdonf 'kw, opm trGeaom yXropmaywnf;/ ZmwdaMumifh d f dS (jzpfaom) Z&mr&Ponf yXropmtrGeaom yXropm aywnf;/ qkconftwdi; b0pufukd opmtrGef f dS d hJ h k f Saom opmtm;jzifh xduonf tm;avsmfpm odtyf\/ d k f G 656/ udptm;jzifh odyrm b0puf t0dZmonf 0wKtmkwYdk ow0gwdYk ukd awGa0apwwf\/ ocFg& kH S H wdYk \ xifm;jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ xkdYtwl ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; yjyiftyfaom b0udvnf; yjyif S k wwfue\? 0dnmPf\ (jzpfjcif;iSg)vnf; aus;Zl;ywwfue\/ 0dnmPfonfvnf; tmkuvnf; odwwf\? k f k f H kd emrfy\jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ emrfyonfvnf; tcsif;csif;udvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\? oVm,we k f k f k \ jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ oVm,weonfvnf; rdrEiqiaom tqif;tpSaom tmkvnf; d S hf kd f d H jzpfwwf\? z\jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl; ywwf\/ zonfvnf; tmkuvnf; awGYxwwf\? a0'em\ H kd d jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ a0'emonfvnf; tmk\t&omudvnf; cHpm;wwf\? wPSm\jzpfjcif;iSg H k vnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ wPSmonfvnf; wyfrufz,f tmkvnf; wyfpwwf\? Oyg'gef\jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; G H JG aus;Zl;ywwf\/ Oyg'gefonfvnf; pGvrf;zG,f tmkwYkd uvnf; pGvrf;wwf\? b0\ jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl; J H kd J ywwf\/ b0onfvnf; txl;xl; tjym;jym; 5-yg;aom *wdwYdk vnf; ypfcswwf\? Zmwd\jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ Zmwdonfvnf; xdjk zpfqcEmwkYd \ topfjzpfp\ tjzpfjzifh jzpfjcif;aMumifh cEmwkYd uvnf; J kd jzpfay:apwwf\? Z&mr&P\ jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ Z&mr&Ponfvnf; cEmwdYk \ &ifwwf h ysuwwfonf\ tjzpfuvnf; pDrcefYcwwf\? 0g? NyD;apwwf\? aomuponfwYdk\ wnf&mrS&mjzpfaomaMumifh f kd H JG D wyg;aom b0topfxifm; jzpfjcif;iSgvnf; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ xdkokdY 2-yg; 2-yg;aom udpuNkd yD;apwwfaom S aMumifh tvHk;pHkaom (t0dZmtpSdaom)yk'fwkdY 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh jzpfaom udptm;jzifh b0pufukd xduonf k f tm;avsmfpm odtyf\/ G 657/ wm;jrpfjcif;tm;jzifh odyrm b0puf ]]t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf}} kH S [laom pum;onf ]]yvkyzefqif;wwfaomol Sonf}} [laom rdpmtjrifukd wm;jrpfaom pum;wnf;/ f d ]]ocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf}} [laom pum;onf ]]twonf b0opfoYkd ajymif;oGm; onf}}[laom rdpmtjrifukd wm;jrpfaom pum;wnf;/ ]]0dnmPf [laom taMumif;aMumifh emrfyjf zpfonf}}[laom k pum;onf tw[k BuHqtyfaom cEm 5-yg; [laom 0wK\toD;oD; uJjJG ym;jcif;udk jyjcif;aMumifh ]]wvH; k wcJwnf; wa,mufwnf;}}[k xifrwaom Ceonmudk wm;jrpfaom pum;wnf;/ ]]emrfyf [laom taMumif; S f k aMumifh oVm,we (jzpfonf)}} odYk tpSaom pum;onf ]]twonf jrifwwf\? Mum;wwf\? eHwwf\? d
66
pm;wwf\? xdwwf\? odwwf\? awGYxwwf\? cHpm;wwf\? qmavmif wyfrufwwf\? pGvrf;wwf\? jzpfap d H J wwf\? &ifwwf tdwwf\? aowwf ysuwwf\}} okYd tpSaom rdpmtjrifukd wm;jrpfaom pum;wnf;/ h k f d xkoYkd wm;jrpfwwfaomaMumifh rdpm tjrifukd wm;jrpfaomtm;jzifvnf; b0pufukd xduonf tm;avsmpm d h k f f G odtyf\/
OyrmwkdYjzifhodyHk
218 658/ OyrmwkYd jzifh odyum; b0puf t0dZmonf oabmw&m;wkYd ukd obm0 vuPm omrn kH vuPmwkYd \ tvdtm;jzifh rjrifjcif;aMumifh oluef;ESiw\/ t0dZmaMumifh (jzpfaom) ocFg&wdYk -onf oluef;\ k hf l ajcacsmjf cif;ESihf wl\/ ocFg&aMumifh (jzpfaom) 0dnmPfonf ajcacsmaom oluef;\ vJusjcif;ESihf wl\/ 0dnmPf f aMumifh (jzpfaom) emrfyonf vJusaom oluef;tm; tdi;trm jzpfay:jcif;ESihf wl\/ emrfyaMumifh (jzpfaom) k f k f k f oVm,weonf tdi;trm aygufu&ef jzpfay:aom aoG;ykyf jynfpk tzkv;ESiw\/ oVm,weaMumif(jzpfaom) k f JG kH hf l h zonf tdkif;trm\ tzkv;udk wducurjd cif;ESiw\/ zaMumifh (jzpfaom) a0'emonf wducurjd cif; kH k f kd f hf l k f kd f aMumifh jzpfaom qif;&JEiw\/ a0'emaMumifh (jzpfaom) wPSmonf qif;&Jukd ukpm;&ef y,fazsmuf&ef vdvm; S hf l k awmifwjcif;ESihf wl\/ wPSmaMumifh (jzpfaom) Oyg'gefonf qif;&Jukd ukpm;vkojzifh roifavsmfaom aq;udk h d h pG,jl cif;ESiw\/ Oyg'gefaMumif(jzpfaom) b0onf pG,tyfNyD;aom roifavsmfaom aq;udv;vdr;jcif;ESiw\/ J hf l h J l h k l f hf l b0aMumifh (jzpfaom) Zmwdonf roifavsmaom aq;udk vl;vdr;jcif;aMumifh tdi;trm\ azmufjyefrI jzpfay:jcif; h f f k f ESihf wl\/ ZmwdaMumifh (jzpfaom) Z&mr&Ponf tdi;trm\ azmufjyefjcif;aMumifh tdi;trm\ aygufujJG cif;ESihf k f k f wl\/ wenf;odyum; wdrvmonf rsufpwYdk ukd (vTr;rd; zH;uG,o)uJoYkd b0 t0dZmonf trSeurodjcif; kH f T d f k k f h f kd rSm;,Gi;pGm odjcif;tm;jzifh ow0gwkYd ukd vTr;rd; zH;uG,wwf\? xdrwyg; ttdrukd vkywwfaom yd;aumifonf f f k k f k S f f k ttdrf\ tpdwtydi;wkYd jzifh (rdru,ukd &pfywfo)uJoYkd xdt0dZm vTr;rd; zH;uG,tyfaom rodrvdrmaom f k f d kd f h k f k k f olonf wzef b0opfukd jzpfapwwfueaom yd;tdr\ tpdwtydi;ESihf wlaom ocFg&wkYd jzifh rdru,ukd &pfywf k f k f f k f d kd f \? aSYaqmif r;BuD;rwfMuD;wkYd u odr;yduf apmifaSmufxm;aom rif;om;onf rif;tjzpf rif;pnf;pdr(wnf&mudk f k h f &o)uJoYkd ocFg&wdYk u odr;qnf; axmufytyfaom 0dnmPfonf 5-yg;aom *wdwYkd wnf&mud&\/ h f hH k 0dnmPfonf (uH urerwf *wderw[aom) y#doaEtmkukd tmkH yjcif;aMumifh rsuvnhf q&monf rsuvnhf d d d d f l H f S f S trIukd (jzpfapo)uJoYkd y#doaEcP (ewf vl om;aumif iSuf ponftm;jzif) rsm;aom tjym;Saom emrfyukd h h d k f jzpfapwwf\/ aumif;aomajr wnfaom awmtkyonf (BuD;yGg;jcif; pnfyifjcif; jyefYajymjcif;odYk a&mufo)uJoYkd f h emrfy wnfaom oVm,weonf BuD;yGg;pnfyif jyefYajymjcif;odYk a&muf\/ yGwckH yGwwtpH\ tcsif;csif; k f f f H k yGwjf cif; Budwjf cif;aMumifh rD;onf (jzpfay:o)uJoYkd twGi;tjyif tm,wewkYd \ tcsif;csif; xdyg; wducuf h f k f kd jcif;aMumifh zonf jzpfay: \/ rD;jzifh awGYxtyfaomoltm; ylavmifjcif; jzpfouJoYkd zjzifh awGYxtyfaom d h d oltm; a0'emonf jzpfay:\/ qm;iefa&udk aomufaomoltm; a&iwfjcif;onf (wd;yGg;o)uJoYkd a0'emudk k h cHpm;aomoltm; wPSmonf wd;yGg;\/ a&iwfaomolonf aomufa& (ajrmvifh awmifwjcif;udk yo)uJoYkd k f h h tmkHudk qmiwfaomolonf b0wkYd vdcsiawmifwjcif;udk y\? xdb0wkYd vdcsiawmifwjcif;onf xdvcsif k f h k k f h k kd awmifwaom yk*Kd vf\ pGvrf;rI Oyg'gefaywnf;/ tpmudk wyfrufjcif;aMumifh ig;onf ig;rQm;csdyukd [yfouJoYkd h J f h pGvrf;rI Oyg'gefjzifh b0udk pG,\? 0g? jzpfap\/ rsKdaphvQif tanmuf (aygufo)uJoYkd urb0SvQif Zmwdonf J J l dS h d jzpfay:\/ jzpfNyD;aom opfyif\ vJjcif;uJoYkd jzpfNyD;aomol\? 0g? jzpfNyD;aom cEm\ tkjd cif; aojcif;onf h rcRw{uef jzpfay:\/ xkYd aMumifh qkconftwdi; OyrmwkYd jzifvnf; b0pufukd xduonf tm;avsmfpm f d hJ h k f h k f G odtyf\/
67
eufeJjcif; (*rD&wm) 4-yg;

659/ eufejJ cif; tjym;tm;jzifh odyum; tusKd;-(tw) tm;jzifif;? taMumif;-("r) tm;jzifif;? (a[m kH h h pOf) a'oemtm;jzifif;? xd;xGi; odaom (y#da0") oabmtm;jzifif; (y#dporkyg'f\) eufeonf\tjzpf h k f h J (eufejJ cif;)udk &nf, jrwfpmbk&m;onf ]]tmeEm y#dporkyg'fonf eufvnf; eufe\? eufa,mifvnf; G f G J xif\}}[k a[mawmfr\/ xkYd aMumifh eufejJ cif; tjym;tm;jzifvnf; b0pufukd xduonftm;avsmfpmodtyf\/ l h k f G 219 xdkeufeJjcif; 4-yg;wdYk wif ZmwdaMumifh Z&mr&Ponf rjzpfonf r[kw?f (jzpfonfomvQiwnf;)? G f ZmwdEiuif; wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfonfvnf; r[kw?f (ZmwdaMumifh Z&mr&P jzpfjcif;[laom) S hf tjcif;t&mtm;jzifvnf; ZmwdaMumifh waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vm\/ odYk Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumifh h waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabm\ odEiconf\ tjzpfaMumifh Z&mr&P\ Zmwd[aom taMumif;aMumifh kd f J l jzpf waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabmonf? 0g? Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfjcif;oabmESihf (Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumif) waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabmonf eufe\/ xdkYtwl Zmwd\ b0[laom h J taMumif;aMumifjh zpf waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabmonf eufeJ \/ y/ ocFg&wkdY\ t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpf waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabmonf eufe\/ xkYd aMumifh b0pufonf tusKd; J (tw) tm;jzifh eufe\/ onfum; b0puf aS;OD;pGm tw*r&wm ac:aom tusKd; (tw)tm;jzifh eufeJ J D jcif;aywnf;/ rSeay\? taMumif;\ tusKd;udk tw[l ac:tyf\/ a[mawmfryum; ]]taMumif;\tusKd; (jzpf f l kH aom) Pfonf twy#dor'g rnf\}} [lyifwnf;/ d xkrwyg; t0dZmonf tMuifjzpfyHk tjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; tMuif tcdutwefY Sonfjzpfif; xdxkd d S h k f d k ocFg&wkYd tm; aus;Zl;ywwf\/ xdtjcif;t&mESihf tcdutwefY\ odEiconf\ tjzpfaMumifh t0dZm\ ocFg& k k f kd f J wkYd tm; aus;Zl;ywwfaom oabmonf eufeJ \/ xdkYtwl ocFg&wkdY\/y/ Zmwd\ Z&mr&Ptm; aus;Zl;ywwf aom oabmonf eufe\/ xkYd aMumifh b0pufonf taMumif; ("r) tm;jzifh eufe\/ onfum; J J b0puf "r*r&wm ac:aom taMumif; ("r)tm;jzifh eufejJ cif; aywnf;/ rSeay\? "r [laom trnfonf D f taMumif;\trnfaywnf;/ a[mawmfryum; ]]taMumif;(jzpfaom)Pfonf "ry#dor'grnf\}}[lyifwnf;/ l kH d xkrwyg; y#dporkyg'fukd xdxtaMumif;jzifh xdxtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfaptyf-a[mtyfonf\ d S k dk k kd tjzpfaMumifh a[mjcif;onfvnf; eufe\/ xda[moifaom tjcif;t&m oAwPfawmfrS wyg;aom Pf J k h k onf axmufwnf&mudk r&Edi/ xdYk aMumifyifvQif b0pufukd tcsKdYow tEkvtm;jzif?h (a[mawmfr\)? tcsKdY k f h k f kH l okw y#dvtm;jzif?h tcsKdYow tEkvkH y#dvtm;jzif?h tcsKdYow tv,frp tEkvtm;jzifaomfif;? f kH k f kH k f S kH h y#dvtm;jzifaomfif; (a[mawmfr\/) tcsKdYokwf tpyf 3-ck tvTm 4-ck Sonfukd y? (a[mawmfr\/) tcsKdY kH h l d l okw tpyf 2-ck tvTm 3-ck Sonfukd y? tcsKdYow tpyf 1-ck tvTm 2-ck Sonfukd ya[mawmfr(tyf)\/ f d k f d l xdYk aMumifh b0pufonf a'oemtm;jzifh eufe\/ onfum; a'oem*r&wm ac:aom a'oemtm;jzifh J D eufejJ cif; aywnf;/ xkrwyg; b0puf t0dZmponfwYkd \ toD;toD;aom oabmonf (S\)? ,if; oabmudk odvQif d S d t0dZmponfwYdk ukd rdroabmvuPmtm;jzifh rSepmodtyfNyD; jzpf (uke)\/ (t0dZm ponfwYdk \) xdk (toD;toD; d f G f aom) oabmonf ouf0ifEicaomaMumifh eufe\/ xdYk aMumifh b0pufonf xd;xGi; odtyfaom y#da0" kd f J J k f oabmtm;jzifh eufe\/ xdk eufeyukd csJYjyth/ b0puf t0dZm\ rodjcif; oabm rjrifjcif; oabm J J Hk H opmudk xd;xGi; rodjcif; oabmonf eufe\/ ocFg&wkdY\ yjyifjcif;oabm tm;xkwjf cif;oabm wyfrufrI k f J ESiwuG jzpfjcif;oabm wyfrufrI uif;jcif;oabmonf (eufe\)/ 0dnmPf\ twrS qdwaomoabm hf J f aMumifMh u Asmyg&uif;aom oabm b0a[mif;rS ajymif;aTYjcif; rSr b0opf y#doaE\ xifm; jzpfjcif; d l S oabmonf (eufe\)/ emrfkyf\ waygif;wnf; jzpfjcif; oabm toD; toD; cGjJ crf;tyfaom oabm rcGjJ crf; J tyfaom oabm Twjf cif;oabm azmufjyefjcif;oabmonf (eufe\)/ oVm,we\ tpd;&jcif; oabm J k avmu\tjzpf 'Gg&tjzpf acwtjzpf tmkH\xif&m 0do,D\tjzpf [laom oabmonf (eufe\)/ z\ J 220 awGYxjd cif; wducujf cif; aygif;qHjk cif; pka0;jcif; oabmonf (eufe\)/ a0'em\ tmkH\ t&omudk k f kd J cHpm;jcif;oabm csrf;om qif;&J tv,ftvwfoabm toufaumif r[kwaom oabm cHpm;jcif; oabm f onf (eufe\)/ wPSm\ ESpouf aysmfarGYjcif; oabm rsKdor;jcif; oabm pD;oGm;jcif; oabm EG,Eiwaom J f d f f S hf l jrpfEiwaom oabm qmavmifjcif; oabm orkj'muJoYkd jynfapEdicaom oabm onf (eufe\)/ Oyg'gef\ S hf l h h k f J J
68
,ljcif; pGvrf;jcif;oabm NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi;jcif;oabm rSm;aomtm;jzifh oH;oyfjcif; oabm ausmveEicaom J G kH f k f G f kd f J oabmonf(eufe\)/ b0\tm;xkwjf cif; yjyifjcif;oabm a,med *wd Xdwd ed0gowkYd ypfcsjcif; oabmonf J (eufe\)/ Zmwd\jzpfjcif;oabm aumif;pGmjzpfjcif; ouf0ifjcif; topfjzpfjcif; xifm;jzpfay:jcif;oabmonf J S (eufe\)/ Z&mr&P\ukejf cif; ysujf cif;oabm ysup;jcif; azmufjyefjcif;oabmonf (eufe\)/ onfum; J f D J b0puf y#da0"*r&wmac:aom xd;xGi; odtyfaom oabmjzifh eufejJ cif;aywnf;/ D k f
{uwpaomenf; 4-yg;
660/ enf;tjym;tm;jzifh odyum; b0puf {uwenf; emewenf; tAsmyg&enf; {0H"rwmenf; [l kH aom 4-yg;aom teufukd odaMumif;enf;wdYk onf? 0g? odtyfaom teufwYkd onf Sue\/ xkYd aMumifh enf;tjym; d k f tm;jzifvnf; b0pufukd xduonftm;avsmfpm odtyf\/ h k f G xdk 4-yg;aom enf;wkYd wif ]]t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf? ocFg& [laom G taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh tanmuf ponf\ tjzpfjzifh rsK;aph\? 0g? rsKd;aphrS d d tyiftjzpfoYkd a&mufjcif;uJoYkd kyemrftpOf oEmef\ rjywfpjJ cif;onf {uwenf; rnf\/ ,if;{uwenf;udk h f rSepm jrifaomyk*Kd vfonf taMumif;ESitusKd;\ qufpyfjcif;tm;jzifh kyemrf tpOfoEmef\ rjywfpjJ cif;udk odjcif; f G hf f aMumifh Oap''d|ukd y,f\/ (,if;enf;ud) rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaom yk*K vonf taMumif;ESihf tusKd;pyfaom tm;jzifh d k f d f rjywfjzpfaeaom kyemrftpOf oEmef\ rjywfpjJ cif;udk wckwnf; wa,mufwnf;[k ,ljcif;aMumifh ow'd|ukd f d pG,\/ J l xkrwyg; t0dZmponfwYdk \ rdrd rdrEiqiaom oabmvuPmudk ydi;jcm;jcif;onf emewenf;rnf\/ d S d S hf kd f k f ,if;emewenf;udk rSepm jrifaom yk*Kd vfonf topftopf jzpfaom w&m;wdYk \ jzpfjcif;udk jrifjcif;aMumifh f G ow'd|ukd y,f\/ rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaom yk*Kd vfonf uGjJ ym;aom oEmef\ toD;toD; uGjJ ym;onf\ tjzpfukd d f ,ljcif;uJoYkd wckwnf;aom oEmef usa&muf aom taMumif;tusKd; kyemrfw&m; taygif;\ toD;toD; uGjJ ym; h f onf\ tjzpfukd ,ljcif;aMumifh Oap''d|ukd pG,\/ d J l xdrwyg; t0dZmtm; ]]ocFg&wkYd ukd igonf jzpfaptyfuef \-(jzpfap&rnf)}}[lif; ocFg&wkYd tm;vnf; k S k ]]0dnmPfukd igwkYd onf jzpfaptyf\-(jzpfap&rnf)}} [lif;-odYk tpSaom aMumifMh uyjcif; Asmyg&\ rSjd cif; d onf tAsmyg&enf; rnf\/ ,if; tAsmyg&enf;udk rSepm jrifaom yk*Kd vfonf ywwfaom tw\ rSjd cif;udk f G ,ljcif;aMumifh tw'|ukd y,f\/ rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaom yk*Kd vfonf Asmyg& rSjd im;aomfvnf; t0dZmponfwYdk \ d d f obm0ed,mrjzifh NyD;aom taMumif;\ tjzpfonf (S\)? xdtaMumif;\ tjzpfukd r,ljcif;aMumifh tud&, d k d 'd|ukd pG,\/ d J l xdrwyg; EdYk &nfponfwYdk rS EdYk "rf;ponfwYdk \ jzpfjcif;uJoYkd t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;wdYk r?S 0g? taMumif;wkYd k S h d aMumifh ocFg& ponfwYdk \ omvQif jzpfjcif;aywnf;? wyg;aom w&m;wkYd \ jzpfjcif;r[kw[k (odtyfaom f oabm-enf;onf) {0H"rwmenf; rnf\/ ,if; {0H"rwmenf;udk rSepmjrifaom yk*Kd vfonf taMumif;tm; f G avsmfpm tusKd;udk odjcif;aMumifh ta[wku'd|uif; tud&u'd|uif; y,f\/ rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaom yk*Kd vfonf G d kd d d kd f taMumif;tm;avsmfpm tusKd;\ jzpfjcif;udk r,lr trSwrSaom wpHwckaom taMumif;aMumifh 221 trSwrSd G l f d k f wpHwckaom tusKd;\tjzpfoifjh cif; rjzpfEijf cif;ud,jl cif;aMumifh ta[wku 'd|uif; ed,wd0g'udkif; pG,\/ k kd k d kd J l qdconftwdi; b0pufukd k hJ h k f opmtrGeaom opmtm;jzifif; udptm;jzifif; wm;jrpfjcif; tm;jzifif; OyrmwkYd jzifif; f dS h h h h eufejJ cif;tjym; enf;tjym;tm;jzifif; xduonftm;avsmfpm odtyf\/ h k f G 661/ odoifjh cif;\ taMumif;um; b0pufonf tvGeeufeonf\ tjzpfaMumifh axmufonf&m rS?d f J txl;xl;om enf;wdYk jzifh csKHyuoYkd tIytaxG; Sonf\ tjzpfaMumifh ausmveEic\/ orm"d [laom I f hJ f d f G f kd f J jrwfaom ausmuf aumif;pGm aoG;tyfNyD;aom Pfwnf;[laom oefvQujf zifh b0pufukd razmufcr rd;ud;pufuoYkd tNrJEypufwwfaom oHo&mab;udk ausmfvef JG l k hJ dS f G aom olonf tdyrufaomfvnf; wpHwa,mufrQ rS/ rSeay\? jrwfpmbk&m;onff k d f G
69
]]tmeEm y#dporkyg'fonf eufvnf; eufe\? eufa,mufvnf; xif\? tmeEm y#dporkyg'f J w&m;udyifvQif avsmpm rodjcif; xd;xGi; rodjcif;aMumifh ow0g taygif;onf odYk csnfcifyuoYkd k f G k f I f hJ jzpfvsuf pmaygif;oduuoYkd jzpfvsuf jzLqHjruf NAdwjf rufuoYkd jzpfvsuf BuD;yGg;jcif;\ uif;&mjzpfaom (tyg,f k f hJ hJ bHu) qif;&J\ jzpf&mjzpfaom ('k*wbu) csr;omrS ysup; us&mjzpfaom tyg,f 4-bHuif; (kyemrfcEm k kd d kH kd f f D k kd f tpOf) oHo&mudif; rausmfveyJ Sacsonf}} [laomk G f d pum;udk a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf/ (xkoYkd b0pufukd rodvQif razmufcEivQif oHo&mab;udk d JG kd f rausmfveEiaomaMumifh b0pufukd odtyfayonf)/ xk(odYk b0pufukd odtyf-odxuvaom)aMumifh rdr\if; G f kd f d kd f S d ol wyg;wkYd \if; pD;yGg;csrf;omtvkYd ig usifaomS h omoemawmf ynmSonf <uif;aom (tjcm;) udpwYdk ukd y,f eufeaom aus;Zl;yyHk d J tjym;udk a[maom y#dporkyg'f axmufwnf&m&atmif tcgcyfor; trSw&vsuf? 0g? d f f trSwf &aom owdonf jzpf tm;xkw&ownf;/ wGif wcPf; NyD;\/ dS f onfum; olawmfaumif;wkYd ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif; tusKd;iSg pD&if (tyf)aom 0do'r*f usrf;0,f ynm f d hf k d bm0emt&m ynm\jzpf&mbHukd tus,jf ycsuf (ynmblrea'o) rnfaom 17-ck ajrmufaom tydi;tcPf;ay k d d k f wnf;/
ynm\jzpf&mbHkudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
70
18-'d|0o'ea'o-'d|0o'ukd tus,jf ycsuf d d k d d d d k d

222 662/ ,cktcg (0dyemynm\) bHtmkjH zpfueaom (jyqdchJ NyD;aom cEmtpSaom) w&m; k k f k d wdYk oif,jl cif; ar;jref;jcif;wdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh Pftavhtusufukd yNyD;vQif ]]oDv0do'd pdw0o'd [laom f k d k ESpyg;aom rlvtajctjrpfjzpfaom tMuif0o'wYdk ukd jynfpkH aptyfuef \}} [l aS; qdcNhJ yD? xdk (ESpyg;aom f d k d h k k f 0do'wYdk )wGif oDv0do'rnfonfum; aumif;pGm xuf0ef;usif pifMu,faom ygwdarmuo0& ponf 4-yg; k d k d H tjym;Saom oDvaywnf;? xkovudvnf; oDvudk tus,fjy&m (oDveda'o) tus,fcsJY jycJNh yD;omvQif d d D k jzpfayonf/ pdw0o'd rnfonfum; Oypm&orm"dEiwuG Spyg;aom ormywfwYdkaywnf;? xdormywf wkYd ukd d k S hf f k vnf; pdwukd y"mey a[mxm;aom orm"dukd tus,jf y&m (orm"dea'o) cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f d d f tus,fcsJY jycJNh yD;omvQif jzpfayonf/ xkoYkd oDv orm"d ESpyg;vH;udk tus,fjycJNh yD; jzpfaomaMumifh xkd d f k (ESpyg;aom 0do')wkYd ukd xk(oDv eda'o orm"dea'o)wdYk tus,fcsJY jycJaom enf;jzifomvQifo(em;vnf f k d d d h h d jynfpap) tyfuef\/ h kH k xdkrSwyg; ]]'d|d0dok'd ucFg0dw&P0dok'd r*gr*P'e0dok'd y#dy'gP'e 0dok'd P'e 0do'd [laom ig;yg;aom 0do'wYkd onf (ynm\) ud,xnfjzpfonf}} [l qdchJ NyD;aom xdpum;&yfk k d k f k k emrfEiywYdk ukd [kwwi;rSepm odjrifjcif;onf 'd|0o'd rnf\/ S hf k f f kd f f G d d k
(1) emrfrSp Ienf;

663/ xdk 'd|0o'ukd jynfpapvdaom orx,medu (orx ,mOfaom? 0g-orxudk tajccHy d d k d h kH k dS 0dyem Ivkdaom) yk*dKvfonf ae0onm emonm,wepsmefukd csexm; (xdr) <uif;aom lyg0p&psmef (4f k S yg;) tlyg0p&psmef (3 -yg;) wdYk wif wyg;yg;aom (psmefukd 0ifpm;NyD;vQifx) psmefrx 0dwuftpSueaom G dk S d k f psmeif w&m;wkYd uif;? xdk psmeifwYdk Eihf ,SOueaom (z paom emrf) w&m;wkYd uif; vuPm &o ponf kd S f k f kd wdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh odr;qnf;tyf (Ityf) ukef \ / odr;qnf;NyD;vQif w&m; tvH;pHuvnf; tmkHqDodkY f f f k k kd aS;Iwwwfonfjzpf Twjf cif; teufoabmaMumifh emrf [k ydi;jcm;tyf \/ T f k f xdraemuf (xkYd aemif) Oyrmtm;jzifh (wpHwa,mufaom) a,musm;onf tdrwi; a>rudjk rifNyD;vQif xdk k S k f f G f a>rudk tpOfvu Munfvwfaomf xda>r\ 0yfae&m t&yfukd awGYjrifouJoYkd xdYk twlyif a,m*g0p& (a,m*D) kd f h k h yk*Kd vfonfvnf; xdk emrfukd uyf Ivsuf ]]emrfonf tb,fukd rS jzpfoenf;}}[k Smvwfaomf xdemrf\ D k rS&mjzpfaom ([',0wKac:) ESv;kyukd awGYjrif\/ xkYd aemif ESv;ky\rS&m blwkywYkd uif; blwkywYdk ukd D kH f kH f d f kd f rSaom (ESv;kyr) <uif;aom Oyg'gkywYdk uif; awGYjrif\/ odkY kyfudk odrf;qnf;\/ xda,m*Donf w&m; D kH f S f kd k tvH;pHuvnf; azmufjyefwwfaomaMumifh kyf [k ydi;jcm;\/ xkYd aemif emrfonf tmkqoYkd Twjf cif;oabm k k kd k f H D vuPmSd\? kyonf azmufjyefjcif; oabmvuPmS\? (tmkqoYkd Twjf cif; oabmSaom w&m;um; emrf f d H D d wnf;? azmufjyefjcif; oabmSaom w&m;um; kyf wnf;)[k emrfEihf kyukd tusOf;tm;jzifh ydi;jcm;\/ d S f k f
71
(2) "mwfav;yg;rSp Ienf;

664/ kyrp odr;qnf;yHum;-ok'0yem,medu(0dyem ,mOfoufouf Saom) yk*Kd vfjzpfap? f S f k d d (qdcaom) orx,medu yk*K vyifjzpfap pwk"mwk00wmef ur|mef; (udjk y&m) jyqdcueaom xdxkd "mwfukd k hJ d f k hJ k f k odr;qnf;aMumif; enf;t>rufwYdk wif wyg;yg;aom enf;t>ruf\ tpGr;jzifh tusOf;tm;jzifjh zpfap? tus,f f G f tm;jzifh jzpfap "mwfav;yg; wkYd ukd odr;qnf;\/ xkoYkd odr;qnf;aom tcg "mwfwYdk onf xda,m*Dtm; f d f k rSeuefaom rdr\oabm vuPm tm;jzifh .... xifay:ukefvwfaomf 223 ]]urork|mef (uHaMumifh jzpfaom) f d qHyif "mwfav;yg; 0P *E &o MoZm ZD0w um,yom' [laom um,yom' ESiwuG kyf 10-ck d hf taygif; (um,'ouuvmyf)\ tpGr;tm;jzifh kyf 10-yg;? xk(urork|mef qHyif)yifvQif bm0kyf f d SaomaMumifh bm0kyEiwuG kyf 10-ck taygif; (bm0'ou uvmyf)\ tpGr;tm;jzifh kyf 10-yg;? xkd d f S hf f (qHyif) yifvQif tm[m& ork|mef (tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaom) MoZ|ru (MoZmvQif Spcajrmuf Saom) f k d kyftaygif;? Owkork|mef (OwkaMumifh jzpfaom) MoZ|rukytaygif;? pdwork|mef (pdwaMumif;jzpfaom) f f MoZ|ru kytaygif;tm;jzifh (qkcNhJ yD;kyf 20-wkdYrS) wyg;aom kyf 24-yg;}}-odkYtm;jzifh 44-yg;aomkywYdk onf f d f xifm;uke\/ twlyif (arG;ni; paom 23 - yg;aom pwkork|mef aum|mowkYd vnf; xifm;uke\? S f f S f xkdYaMumifh) pwkork|mef (taMumif; 4-yg; aMumifh jzpfaom) aum|mo 24-yg;wkYd 44-yg; pDaom kywYdk onf f xifm;uke\/ acR; rsuf&nf wHaxG; ESyf [laom Owkpwork|mef (OwkEihf pdwaMumifh jzpfaom) aum|mo 4S f d S f yg;wkYd MoZm|ru uvmyf 2-ckwYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 16-yg;pDaom kywYkd onf xifm;uke\/ tpmopf f f S f tpma[mif; jynf usifi,f [laom Owkork|mefomvQif jzpfaom aum|mo 4-yg;wkYd MoZm|ru uvmyf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh Spyg;pDaom kywYdk onf xifm;uke\/ onfum; 32-yg;aom aum|mo (kywYdk \ xifSm; f f f S f f yHukd od&ef) enf;aywnf;/ k 32-yg;aom aum|mo (kytaygif;) xifay:vwfaomf (xdr) wyg;ukeaom 10-yg;aom aum|mo f k S f (kytaygif;)wkYd onfvnf; xifay:uke\/ xdwif pm;(tyf)aom tpmponfukd aMuusuapaom uHaMumifjh zpf f f k G f aom (urZygpu) awaZm aum|mo MoZ|ru kytaygif;ESihf ZD0w kytm;jzifh 9-yg;aom kywYdk onf f d f f xifm;uke\/ xkdYtwl pdwaMumifjh zpfaom (pdwZ) xGuouf 0ifouf aum|movnf; MoZ|ru kytaygif; S f f f f ESihf o' (toH) kytm;jzifh 9-yg;aom kywYkd onf xifm;uke\/ <uif;aom pwkork|mef (taMumif; 4-yg; f f S f aMumifh jzpfaom) aum|mo Spyg;wkYd ZD0wvQif ud;ckajrmufaom kytaygif; (ZD0we0u uvmyf)ESihf f d k dS f d (tm[m&Z OwkZ pdwZtm;jzif) 3-ckaom MoZ|ru uvmyfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh 33-yg;pDaom kywYdk onf h f f xifm;uke\/ S f qdconftwdi; xda,m*Dtm; tus,ftm;jzifh 42-yg;aom aum|mo wkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh blwkyf k hJ h k f k Oyg'gkyfwkdY xifSm;ukevwfaomf 0wKESihf 'Gg&wkYd \tpGr;tm;jzifh puK'ou tpSaom 'ou uvmyf (ky10f f d f cktaygif;) ig;ckEihf [',0wK 'ouuvyf tm;jzifh (qkcNhJ yD; kywYdk r) wyg;ukeaom 60-aom kywYkd onfvnf; S d f S f f xifm;uke\/ xda,m*Donf (1494-ck ta&twGufSdaom) xdkkyftvHk;pHkwYdkuvnf; azmufjyefjcif; oabm S f k kd vuPmtm;jzifh waygif;wnf;y ]]w&m;onf kyfwnf;}} [k I\/ qkconftwdi; kyukd odr;qnf;NyD;aom xda,m*Dtm; 'Gg&\tpGr; tm;jzifh emrfw&m;wdYk onf d hJ h k f f f k f xifm;uke\/ xifSm;ykHum; .... ]]a'G;yO0dnmPf 10-yg; raem"mwf 3-yg; raem0dnmPf"mwf 68-yg;}} [laom S f 81-yg;aom avmuDpwwYdk onfif;? omrntm;jzifh xd(81-yg;aom) pdwwYdk EiwuG jzpfueaom ]]z a0'em d f k f S hf k f onm apwem ZD0dw {u*wm reodum&}} [laom 7-yg;pDaom apwoduwYdk onfif; xifm;uke\1/ f S f avmukw&m pdwwYdkonfum; ok'0yem,medu yk*Kd vftm;if; orx,medu yk*Kd vftm;if; rodb; r&bl; f d l aom w&m;jzpfaomaMumifh odr;qnf;tyfjcif; (Ityfjcif;)odYk ra&mufueonfomwnf;/ xda,m*Donf xd(emrf f k f k k w&m;) tvH;pHwYkd uvnf; tmkqoYkd Twjf cif; oabmvuPmtm;jzifh waygif;wnf; y ]]w&m;onf k k kd H D emrfwnf;}} [k I\? odYk vQif wOD;aom a,m*Donf "mwfav;yg; ydi;jcm;jcif;udk y"meyojzifh tus,tm;jzifh k f f emrfEiyukd ydi;jcm;\/ S hf k f k f
72
(3) "mwf 18-yg;tvdktm;jzifhIenf;

224 665/ wyg;aom a,m*Donfum; 18-yg;aom "mwfwYdk \ tpGr;jzifh (emrfEihf kyukd ydi;jcm;\)/ f S f k f tb,foYkd enf; [lr .... omoem &[ef;onf ]]twabm (cEmud,x) puK"mwfonf S\/ y/ l k f J d raem0dnmP"mwfonf S\}}[k odYk "mwfwYdk ukd qifjcifNyD;vQif avmu (vltaygif;)onf rsujf zL0ef; d rsueuf0ef;wkYd jzifh qef;Mu,faom tvsm;Sno,f teH us,fjyefYaom rsufwi; rsufaMumwnf; [laom f f G G f ud;i,fjzifh zGYJ tyf aom tMuiftom;qdiukd rsufp[ todtrSwf y\? xdtom;qdif rsufpukd r,lr cEea'o k f d l k k d l (cEmudk tus,f jycsuf)0,f Oyg'gkywYkd t&m qdcaom tjym;Saom puKyom' (rsufptMunfy)udk f k hJ d d k f puK"mwf (rsup"mwf) [l ydi;jcm;\/ f d k f xdpuKyom'\ rS&mjzpfaom "mwfav;yg; tNcHt&Hjzpfaom 0P *E &o MoZm [laom kyf 4-yg; k D tapmifhtaSmufjzpfaom ZD0dwdaÈkyf 1-yg; tm;jzifh twlwuGjzpfaom kyf 9-yg;? xdk (oorm& puK\ t&yf) yifvQif wnfaom um,'ou bm0'ou uvmyfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh urZky-20? tm[m& ork|mef tpSd f f aom 3-ckaom MoZ|ru uvmyfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tEkyg'dE (uH\tusKd; r[kwfaom) kyf 24-yg;-odkY f tm;jzifh (puKyom'rS) <uif;aom 53-yg;aom tMuifyf wkYd onf Sue\? xdk 53-yg;aom kywYdk uvnf; k d k f f kd puK"mwf[k rydi;jcm;ay/ aomw"mwf ponfwYdkvnf; enf;yifwnf;/ txl;rSm um,"mwf (um,"mwfr) k f S <uif;aom kywYkd onf 43-yg; jzpfue\/ tcsKdY q&mwkYd onfum; Owkork|mef pdwork|mef kywYkd ukd o'EiwuG f k f f S hf 9-yg;pD a&wGu (um,"mwfrS <uif;aom kywYkd u) 45-yg;[k qdue\/ f f kd k k f odYk jyqkconftwdi; yom'kyf 5-yg; if;wdkY\ tmkjH zpfaom ly o' *E &o azm|A d hJ h k f [laom tmkHkyf 5-yg;-odYk tm;jzifh 10-yg;aom kyfwkdYonf 10-yg;aom "mwfwYkd jzpfue\/ <uif;aomkywYkd k f f onf "r"mwfomvQif jzpfue\/ xdrwyg; puKyom'udk rSvsuf lygkukd tmkH y jzpfaom (puK0dnmPf) k f k S D H pdwonf puK0dnmP"mwf rnf\? enf;jzifh a'G;yO0dnmPf (0dnmPf 5-ck 2-vD) wkYd onf ig;yg;aom 0dnmP f "mwf jzpfue\/ oH;yg;aom raem"mwf pdwwYkd onf wckaom raem"mwf jzpf\? 68-yg;aom raem0dnmP"mwf k f k f pdwwYdkonf (wckaom) raem0dnmP"mwf jzpf\/ odkYjzpf 81-yg;aom avmuDpdwfwdkYonf 7-yg;aom 0dnmP f "mwfwYdk jzpfue\/ if; 0dnmP"mwfwYdk Eihf ,SOueaom ztpSaom apwoduwYdk onf "r"mwf jzpfue\/ k f S f k f d f k f qkcaom tjym;tm;jzifh "mwf 18-yg;wdYk wif q,fccaom "mwfwYdk onf kywnf;/ ckepfccaom "mwfwYkd d hJ G k JG f k JG onf emrfwnf;[l odYk vQif wOD;aom a,m*Donf 18-yg;aom "mwfwYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfEiyukd f S hf k f ydi;jcm;\/ k f
(4) tm,we 12-yg;tvdktm;jzifhIenf;

666/ wyg;aom a,m*Donfum; 12-yg;aom tm,wewkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh (emrfyukd ydi;jcm;\)/ f k f k f tb,foYkd enf;[lr puK"mwf qdcaom enf;jzifyifvQif 53-yg;aom kywYkd ukd z,fxm; puKyom'udomvQif l k hJ h f k pum,we[k ydi;jcm;\/ xdk puK"mwf qdcaom enf;jzifyifvQif aomw"mwf Cme"mwf Zd0g"mwf k f k hJ h S um,"mwfwYdk ukd aomwm,we Cmem,we Zd0g,we um,m,wewkYd [ ydi;jcm;\/ if;(tm,we)wkYd \ S l k f tmkjH zpfaom w&m; ig;yg;wkYd ukd lyg,we o'g,we *Em,we &om,we azm|Am,wewkYd [ l ydi;jcm;\/ avmuD0nmP"mwf 7-yg;wkYd ukd rem,we[l ydi;jcm;\/ if; rem,weESihf ,SOueaom z k f d k f f k f tpSueaom apwoduwYkd uif; (pum,we ponfwYdk r) <uif;aom kytaygif;udif; "rm,we[k ydi;jcm; d k f f kd S f k k f \/ 225 qdkcJhaom tjym;tm;jzifh tm,we 12-yg;wkYd wif q,fccaom tm,wewkYd onf kywnf;/ wck G k JG f cGaom tm,wewkYd onf emrfwnf;[l odYk vQif wOD;aom a,m*Donf 12-yg;aom tm,wewkYd \ tpGr; J f tm;jzifh emrfEihf kyukd ydi;jcm;\/ S f k f
73
(5) cEmtvdktm;jzifhIenf;
667/ wyg;aom a,m*Donfum; xkd (tm,we) xufom usOf;pGm cEmwdYk \ tpGr;jzifh (emrfEiyu) f S hf k f kd ydi;jcm;\/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr .... omoem &[ef;onf (rdr) ud, taMumif; 4-yg;aMumifjh zpfaom k f l d k f "mwf 4-yg; if;wdkYudk rSDaom 0P *E &o MoZm ([laom kyf 4-yg;) puKyom' paom yom'kyf 5-yg; [',0wKkyf bm0kyf ZD0waÈ (pdwEiOwk [laom) taMumif; ESpyg;aMumifjh zpfaom o'ytm;jzifh 17d d f S hf f k f yg;aom kywYkd onf oroEky* (oH;oyfEiaom) kyrnfue\? edyE (taMumif;wkYd jzifh wduuNf yD;pD;aom) f k kd f f k f k f dk kyrnfue\/ lykyf (kytppfjzpfaom ky) rnfue\/ um,0dnwf 0pD0nwf tmumo"mwf lyv[kwm f k f f f k f d lyrk'wm lyurnwm Oyp, oEwd Z&wm tedpwm [laom 10-yg;aom kywYkd onfum; oroEk k f y*kyf r[kwue?f kytppfwYdk \ tjcif;t&mrQ xl;jcm;aom trlt&mrQ tMum;jzpfaom ydi;jcm;aMumif;rQ f k f k f jzpfue\? edyEyvnf; r[kwue?f lykyvnf; r[kwue/ odYk aomfvnf; kytppfwYdk \ tjcif;t&mrQ xl;jcm; k f k f f k f f k f f aom trlt&mrQ tMum;jzpfaom ydi;jcm;aMumif;rQ jzpfaomaMumifh ky[aom a&wGujf cif;odYk a&mufue\/ k f f l k f qkcaom tjym;tm;jzifh 27-yg;aom kytvH;pHwYdk onfvnf; lyuEmwnf;? 81-yg;aom avmuDpwwYdk Eihf d hJ f k k d f S wuGjzpfaom a0'emonf a0'emuEmwnf;? if;(a0'em)ESihf ,SOaom onmonf onmuEwnf;? ocFg& f wdYk onf ocFg&uEmwnf;? 0dnmPfonf 0dnmPuEmwnf;-[l odYk ydi;jcm;\ / qdcaom tjym;tm;jzifh k f k hJ lyuEmonf kywnf;? av;yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd onf emrfwnf; [l odYk vQif wOD;aom a,m*Donf cEm f ig;yg;wkdY\ tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfEiyukd ydi;jcm;\/ f S hf k f k f
(6) emrfkyftvdktm;jzifh Ienf;

668/ wyg;aom a,m*Donfum; ]]trSwrSd wpHwckaom kyonf S\? xdorQ tvH; pHaom kyonf f k f d k dS k k f r[mbkwf 4-yg;ESihf (,if;) r[mbkwf 4-yg;wdkYudk rDS jzpfaom Oyg'gkyfomvQifwnf;}} [l odkY tusOf;tm; jzifh omvQif (rdr\) twabm (cEmud,) kyukd odr;qnf; xkYd jyif rem,weESihf "rm,we wpdwf d k f f f wa'oudk emrf[k odr;qnf;NyD;vQif qkconftwdi; emrfonfif; kyonfif; (S\)? ESpyg;udk f d J h k f f d f emrfyf [k qktyfonf[ tusOf;tm;jzifh emrfEiyukd ydi;jcm;\/ k d l S hf k f k f
emrfw&m;xifSm;atmifIenf;
669/ xdkxkd ("mwf 4-yg;udk ydi;jcm;jcif; tpSaom) Ienf; t>rufjzifh kyukd odr;qnf; NyD;vQif emrfukd k f d f f odr;qnf;aom xdk a,m*Dtm; emrfonf odrarGYaomaMumifh tu,f rxifay:yJ Sjd im;tH?h xdk a,m*Donf f f 0efcsjcif; (vufavQmhjcif;)udk ryrl kyuomvQif tzefzef oH;oyftyf\? ESv;oGi;tyf\? odr;qnf;tyf\? f kd k kH f f ydi;jcm;tyf\/ rSeay\? xdk (a,m*D)tm; kyonf tMuiftMuif tjcif;t&m jzifh (Ivsuf) aumif;pGmaq;aMum k f f f (okwoiftyf)NyD; jzpf\? tIytaxG;rS?d aumif;pGm xuf0ef;usif pifMu,f\? xdkxdk (kyf todPf oefYSif; f f pifMu,fwi;aom) tjcif;t&mjzifh xdyukd tmkH yaom (Ir)emrfw&m;wkYd onf tvdvyif xifm;ay:vmuke\/ dk f k k f I k kd S f Oyrmjzifh xifpmjy&vQif rsupjd rifaom a,musm;onf rpifMu,faom rSe rsuEmt&dyukd MunfvQif G f f f f S f h rsufEmt&dyonf (xdotm;) rxifm;yJ S\? odYk aomf xda,mufsm;onf rsufEmt&dyf rxif[k (pdwysuf) 226 S f k l S d k S f rSeukd rpGeYf vway? trSetm;jzifaomfum; xkreukd tzefzef yGwwu\? rSepifMu,faom tcg xda,musfm;\ f T f f h d S f f kd f f k rsufEmt&dyonf tvdvyif xifm;ay:vm ouJoYkd if;/ S f k kd S h wenf;tm;jzifh qDukd tvdaomolonf ESr; rkeYf nuf (ESr;rIeYf )udk qDq xnfNh yD;vQif a&jzifh jzef; k dS f f kH wBudrf ESpBf udrBf udwumrQjzifh qDrxGuvmaomfvnf; ESr; rkeYf nufuum; rpGeYf vway? trSetm;jzifaomfum; f f f kd T f f h xdEr; rkeYf nufukd a&aEG;jzifh tzefzef jzef; jzef; e,f\? Budw\? odYk Budwjf cif;udk yvwfaomf xkotm; k S f f d l Munfvifaom ESr;qDonf xGuvmouJoYkdif;/ f f h wenf;tm;jzifh a&udk Munfapvdaom olonf caygif;a&Munfaphukd udi a&td;xJ vufukd cs wBudrf k k f k ESpBf udrf (td;) yGwwuf aoG;umrQjzifh a&rMunfao;aomfvnf; caygif;a&Munfaphukd rpGeYf vway? trSetm;jzifh k f kd T f f aomfum; xdcaygif;a&Munfaphukd tzefzef (td;) yGwwuaoG;\? odYk yGwwuf aoG;jcif;udk yvwfaomf k k f kd f f kd xdotm; Te-tenf (te,f)onf aumif;pGmxdi\? a&onf oefYi; Munfvifom;ouJoYdk if;/ k l f k f S f G h
74
xdYk twlyif xdk a,m*D&[ef;onf 0efcsjcif; (vufavQmhjcif;)udk ryrl kyuomvQif tzefzef oH;oyf f kd k tyf\? ESv;oGi;tyf\? odr;qnf;tyf\? ydi;jcm;tyf\/ kH f f k f rSeay\? xda,m*Dtm; kyonf tMuiftMuif tjcif;t&mjzifh (Ivsuf) aumif;pGm aq;aMum okwoif f k f f (tyf) NyD;jzpf\? tIytaxG;rSd aumif;pGm xif0ef;usif pifMu,f\? xdxkd (ky todPf oefYi; pifMu,fwi; f k f S f kd f aom) tjcif;t&mjzifh xdPf\ qefYusibuf jzpfaom udavomwkYd onf tenf (te,f) xdiouJoYkd Nidr0yf k f k f h f uke\? Te-tenf (te,f)\ txuf a&uJoYkd pdwonf Munfvif\? xdyukd tmkH yaom (Ir) emrfw&m; f f h f k k f I wkYd onf tvdvyif xifm;ay:vmuke\/ k kd S f qdcNhJ yD;aom OyrmwkYd Eihf twlyif (if;wdYk r) wyg;ukeaom BuH (&nfnpjf cif;) cd;ol(udk trIppfjcif;) k S S f k EGm;(udk xrf;yd;usifjh cif;) EdYk "rf;(rS qDO;xkwjf cif;) ig; (udk [if;csufjcif;) tpSueaom Oyrm wkYd jzifvnf; k D d k f h qkcaom teufukd jytyf (jyEdi) ao;\/ d hJ k f
emrfw&m;xifay:yHk tjcif;t&mudk jyqdkcsuf

670/ qkconftwdi; kyukd odr;qnf;rI aumif;pGm pifMu,fNyD;aom xdk a,m*Dtm; emrfw&m;wkYd onf d hJ h k f f f tpGr;tm;jzifaomfif; a0'em\ tpGr;tm;jzifaomfif; 0dnmPf\ tpGr;tm;jzifaomfif; () oH;yg;aom f h f h f h k tjcif;t&mwkYd (wGif wyg;yg;aom tjcif;t&m)jzifh xifay:uke\/ tb,foYkd enf; [lr .... wOD;aom a,m*Dtm; f l ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPm S\ (cufrmMurf;wrf;aom oabmonf yx0D"mwfwnf;)}}[k d odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh "mwfwUkd udk odr;qnf;vwf (Ivwf)aomf (yx0D"mwf paom tmkoYkd ) aS;OD;pGm f H usa&mufwwfaom z (awGYxr)onf xifay:\? (z xifvQif) xdzESihf ,SOaom a0'emonf d I k f a0'emuEmwnf;? onmonf onmuEmwnf;? zESiwuG apwemonf ocFg&uEmwnf;? pdwonf hf f 0dnmPuEmwnf;? odYk xifay:\/ xdYk twl qHyif ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPmS\/ y/ d xGuouf 0ifouf yx0D"mwfonf cufrmMurf;wrf;jcif; vuPmS\}}[k odYk ponfjzifh odr;qnf;vwf f d f (Ivwf)aomf (yx0D"mwfpaom tmkoYkd ) aS;OD;pGm usa&mufwwfaom z (awGYxr)onf xifay:\/ (z H d I xifvQif) xdzESihf ,SOaom a0'emonf a0'emuEmwnf;/ y/ pdwonf 0dnmPuEmwnf;/ odYk xifay:\/ k f f qdcaom enf;jzifh emrfw&m;wdYk onf z\tpGr;tm;jzifh xifay:uke\/ k hJ f f wOD;aoma,m*Dtm; ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPm S\}}-[k odYk tpSaomenf;jzifh d d "mwfwYdk ukd odr;qnf;vwf (Ivwf)aomf xdk (a,m*D"mwf paom) tmk\ t&omudk cHpm;wwfaom a0'em f H [laom a0'emuEmonf xifay:\/ (a0'emxifvQi) xdk a0'emESihf ,SOaom onmonf onmuEmwnf;? xdk f f a0'emESi,Oaom 227 zonfif; apwemonfif; ocFg&uEmwnf;? xda0'emESi,Oaom pdwonf hf S f k hf S f f 0dnmPuEmwnf;? odYk xifay:\/ xdkYtwl qHyif ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrmMurf;wrf;jcif; vuPmS\/ y/ d xGuouf0ifouf yx0D"mwfonf cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPm S\}}[k odYk ponfjzifh odr;qnf;vwf f d f (Ivwf)aomf xdk (yx0D"mwf paom) tmk\ t&omudk cHpm;wwfaom a0'em [laom a0'emuEmonf xif\/ H y/ xda0'emESihf ,SOaom pdwonf 0dnmPuEmwnf;? odYk xifay:\? qdchJ aomenf;jzifh emrfw&m;wkYd onf k f f k a0'em\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifay:uke\/ f f (xdr) wyg;aom a,m*Dtm; ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPm S\}}[k odkY tpSdaom k S d enf;jzifh "mwfwYkd ukd odr;qnf;vwf (Ivwf)aomf (yx0D"mwf paom) tmkukd odwwfaom 0dnmPf [laom f H 0dnmPuEmonf xifay:\? (0dnmPfxifvQi) xd0nmPfEi,Oaom a0'emonf a0'emuEmwnf;? onm f k d S hf S f onf onmuEmwnf;? zonfif; apwemonfif; ocFg&uEmwnf;? odYk xifay:\/ xkYd twl qHyif ]]yx0D"mwfonf cufrmMurf;wrf;jcif; vuPmSd\/y/ xGuouf 0ifouf yx0D"mwfonf cufrmMurf;wrf;jcif; f vuPmSd\}}[k odYk ponfjzifh odr;qnf;vwf (Ivwf)aomf (yx0D"mwfpaom) tmkukd odwwfaom 0dnmPf f H [laom 0dnmPuEmonf xifay:\? (0dnmPfxifvQi) xdk 0dnmPfEihf ,SOaom a0'emonf a0'emuEmwnf;? f S f onmonf onmuEmwnf;? zonfif; apwemonfif; ocFg&uEmwnf;? odYk xifay:\/ qdkcJhaom enf;jzifh emrfw&m;wdYk onf 0dnmPf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifay:uke\/ f f enf; (Oyg,f) jzifyifvQif ]]uHaMumifh jzpfaom qHyif yx0D"mwfonf cufrmMurf;wrf;jcif; vuPm h Sd\}} [k odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh 42-yg;aom "mwftzdYk (aum|mo) wkYd "mwf 4-yg;wkdY\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; f h
75
(xdr) <uif;aom puK"mwftpSueaom kyukd odr;qnf;aMumif; rkc (y"me tmk)wkYd if; tvH;pHaom enf; k S d k f f f H k k tjym;udk tpOfvu ,SOjf cif;udk ytyf\/ kd f 671/ qufrSmxm;OD;tH?h qkconftwdi; kyukd odr;qnf;rI aumif;pGm pifMu,f NyD;aom a,m*Dtm; d hJ h k f f f omvQif emrfw&m;wkYd onf oH;yg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh xifm; ay:wwfaomaMumifh kyukd odr;qnf;rI k S f f aumif;pGm pifMu,fNyD;aom a,m*DonfomvQif emrfukd odr;qnf;jcif;iSg tm;xkwtyfayonf/ rSwyg;aom f f (kyukd odr;qnf;rI aumif;pGm rpifMu,fao;aom) a,m*Donfum; (emrfukd odr;qnf;jcif;iSg) tm;rxkwtyf f f f f ao;ay/ tjypfum;-tu,f kyw&m; wck ESpck xifvQif kyukd pGeYf vw emrfuor;qnf;&ef tm;xkwf f f f T f kd d f jim;tH?h (xdoYkd tm;xkwvQif) yx0D uodP; bm0em t&m qdcNhJ yD;aom tjym;Saom awmif usupm;aom k f k f k d f (ruRr;usiaom) EGm;ruJoYkdyif (xda,m*Donf) ur|mef;rS vufvwf qH;I;oGm;wwf\/ toiftavsmfrmrl f f h k G k H h S kyukd odr;qnf;rI aumif;pGm pifMu,fNyD;onfjzpf emrfukd odr;qnf;&ef tm;xkwaom a,m*Dtm; ur|mef;onf f f f f wk;yGg;jcif; pnfyifjcif; jyefYajymjcif;odYk a&mufwwfay\/ d xda,m*Donf qkconftwdi; zponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifay:ukeaom av;yg;aom emrfcEm k d hJ h k f f f wkYd ukd emrf[k ydi;jcm;\/ xdemrfcEmwkYd \ tmkjH zpfueaom av;yg;aom r[mbkwf kywYdk uif; xkr[mbkwf k f k k f f kd d 4-yg;udk rSDjzpfaom Oyg'gkyfwkdYudkif; kyf[k ydi;jcm;\/ qdcaom enf;jzifh "mwf 18-yg; tm,we 12-yg; k f k hJ cEmig;yg;[laom awblru (bHo;yg; jzpfaom) w&m; tvH;pHwYdk uvnf; oefvQuf (xm;OD;)jzifh (aowmESihf k kH k k kd wlaom) uwf (tpf)udk 228 zGivpbd ouJoYkd if; tvH;pHaom xef;yifayguf-xef;jrpfukd cGbouJoYkd if; hf S f h k k J d h emrfEiy[ (omvQif) 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\/ emrfEiyrQxuf tydtvGejf zpfaom (emrf S hf k f l k f k S hf k f k kyr) wyg;aom ow0gonfif; yk*Kd vfonfif; ewfonfif; jA[monfif; rS[ qH;jzwfjcif;odYk a&mufav f S d l k awmh\/
rsm;pGmaomokwefwdkYESifhESD;aESmcsuf
672/ xda,m*Donf qkconftwdi; razmufrjyef rSeuefaom rdr\oabmtm;jzifh emrfEiyukd k d hJ h k f f d S hf k f ydi;jcm;NyD;vQif ]]ow0g yk*Kd vf}} [laom avmua0g[m& trnf ynwfuvnf; omaumif;pGm y,fjcif; k f kd tusKd;iSgif; ow0g-[k awGa0odrm;aom arm[udk ausmfvejf cif; tusKd;iSgif; rawGra0odaom Pftqif S G h pdwuxm;jcif; tusKd;iSgif; rsm;pGmaom okwewYkd \tpGr;tm;jzifh ]]t&monfum; (tmkqoYkd Twwwfaom) f kd f f H D f emrfEihf (azmufjyefwwfaom tmkukd rodwwfaom) kyrQomvQifwnf;? ow0grnfonf rS?d yk*Kd vfrnfonfrS}d } S H f [laom teufukd ES;aESm ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\/ rSeay\? .... D k f k f ]](0if; &xm;bD; tpSaom) tpdwtydi; taqmuftODtaygif; SaomaMumihf &xm;[laom dk d f k f d trnf o'gonf jzpfouJoYkd twlyif (ig;yg;aom) cEmwkYd SvQif ow0g[laom trnf h d ynwfonf jzpf\}} - [laom .... pum;udk (0Zd&m trnfaom ax&Dronf) a[mcJay\/ dS h xdkrSwyg;vnf; .... ]]ighiwYdk ? Oyrmtm;jzifh opfom;udvnf; pGr EG,uvnf; pGr ajrnufuvnf; pGr S f k J DS f kd J DS kd J DS oufu,fjrufuvnf; pGr (if;wkYd ukd twGi;tyrS) 0ef;&Hvsuf wnfaom [if;vif;jyif kd J DS f tmumoonf tdr[ omvQif a&wGuf (ac:a0:) tyfonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf\? ighSifwkdY? f l twlyifvQif tkd;udkvnf; pGJrSD taMumudvnf; pGr tom;udvnf; pGr ta&udvnf; k J DS k J DS k pGr (if;wkYd ukd twGi;tyrS) 0ef;&Hvsuf wnfaom [if;vif;jyif tmumoonf kyu,wl J DS f f kd f a&wGuf (ac:a0:) tyfonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf\}} - [laom .... pum;udk (tSiom&dyMk wmrax&fonf) a[mawmfrcay\/ f l hJ xkdYrSwyg;vnf; .....
76
]]qif;&JonfomvQif jzpfay:vm\? qif;&Jonf omvQif wnfvsuf S\? qif;&JonfomvQif d ysufp; uG,aysmuf\? qif;&JrS wyg; (wpHwckrQ) rjzpfay:vmacs? qif;&Jrwyg; (wpHwck D f k S k rQ) rcsKyfrysufacs}} - [laom .... pum;udk (0Zd&m trnfaom ax&Dryif) a[mcJay\/ dS h
emrfkyfudk OyrmwkdYjzifhjyjcif;
673/ odYk vQif t&mruaom okwwYkd jzifh emrfEihf kyuomvQifjy\? ow0gudum; rjy? yk*Kd vfuvnf; f S f kd k kd rjy/ xkYd aMumifh Oyrmtm;jzif-0ifdk; &xm;bD; &xm;tdrf &xm;oHtpSueaom tpdwtydi; taqmuftODwYkd onf h d k f f k f wckwnf; waygif;wnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh aumif;pGm wnfaeukevwfaomf &xm;[laom trnfa0g[m& f rQonf jzpf\? pifppf [kwreaom teufoabmtm;jzifrum; wckpD wckpaom tpdwtydi;udk MunfI f S f h l D f k f h qifjcifvQif &xm; rnfonf rSouJoYkd if;/ d h opfom; tpSueaom tdr\ taqmuftODwYdk onf wckwnf; waygif;wnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh d k f f [if;vif;jyif t&yfukd um&H wnfuevwfaomf tdrf [laom trnfa0g[m&rQonf jzpf\? pifppf [kwreaom k f f S f teufoabmtm;jzifrum; (wckpD wckpaom tpdwtydi;udk MunhI qifjcifvQif) tdrrnfonf rSouJoYkd if;/ h l D f k f f f d h vufacsmif; vufr ponfwYdkonf wckwnf; waygif;wnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh wnfuevwfaomf k f vufo;qky[aom trnf a0g[m&rQonf jzpf\/ apmif;cGuf apmif;nKd Y ponfwYdk onf (wckwnf;aom tjcif; D f l t&mjzifh wnfuevwfaomf) apmif; [laom trnf a0g[m&rQonf jzpf\/ qifwyf jrif;wyf ponfwYdk onf k f (wckwnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh wnfuevwfaomf) ppfwyf-[laom trnf a0g[m&rQonf jzpf\/ 229 rdYkd; k f wHwi; tdrf wHcg;rkcf ponfwYdk onf (wckwnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh wnfuevwfaomf) rdY[aom trnf kd f k f l a0g[m&rQonf jzpf\/ yifv; tudi; tcuf tGuwYdk onf wckwnf;aom tjcif;t&mjzifh wnfuevwfaomf kH k f f k f opfyif [laom trnfa0g[m&rQonf jzpf\/ pifppf [kwreaom teufoabmtm;jzifh rlum; wckpD wckpaom f S f D tpdwftydkif;udk MunfhI qifjcifvQif opfyif rnfonfrSd ouJhodkYif;? twlyif Oyg'geuEmwkdY SdvQif ow0g yk*Kd vf[aom trnfa0g[m&rQonf jzpf\? pifppf [kwreaom teufoabm tm;jzifrum; wckpD wckpaom l f S f h l D oabm w&m;udk IqifjcifvQif to-(ig) jzpfonf-[lif; t[H-ig[lif; pGvrf;jcif; (*g[)\ wnf&m d J jzpfaom ow0g rnfonfrSacs? pifppf [kwreaom teufoabm tm;jzifrum; emrfEihf kyrQomvQif Sonf[k d f S f h l S f d jrif\/ odYk jrifaom a,m*D\ tjrifonf [kwwi; rSepm jrifaomPftjrif (tjrifre) rnf\/ f kd f f G S f 674/ tMuifoonfum; qkcaom [kwwi; rSepm jrifaom Pftjrifukd y,f ]]ow0gonf l d hJ f kd f f G pifppf\}}[k ,l\? xdoonf xdk (ow0g [laom twaumif)\ ysufp;jcif;udaomfif; rysufp;jcif;udaomf dS k l D k D k if; (wckcu) cGihf y (vufc)&m\/ rysufp;jcif;udk vufcvQif ow- wnfNrJt,l usa&muf\? ysup; k kd H D H f D jcif;udk vufcvQif Oap'- jywfpt,l usa&muf\/ tb,faMumifenf;[lr EdYk &nf\aemufvuf (tusKd;) H J h h l kd jzpfaom EdYk "rf;onf (EdYk &nf ysufom;aomtcg) usefaeouJoYkd xdtw\ aemufvuf (tusK;) jzpfaom wjcm; G dS h k kd d wyg;aom 0wKonf(if; tw ysufp;oGm;aomtcg) usefvsufrS&pfaomaMumifwnf;/ xdkolonf ]]ow0g D d h wnfNrJ wnfaeonf}} [k ,lvQif wGeYf qwaeonf rnf\? ]]jywfpom;onf}} [k ,lvQif ausmfve oGm;onf dS k f J G G f rnf\/ xkYd aMumifh bke;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpmbk&m;onf f G &[ef;wdYk ewfEivwYdk onf ESpyg;aom rdpmt,lwYdk jzifh vTr;rd; ESypuf cH&ukeonf S hf l f f k d f f jzpf tcsKdYu wGeYf qwaeuke\? tcsKdYu ausmfve oGm;uke\? (Pf) rsufpaom k f f G f f d dS olwYkdonf omvQif jrifue\/ k f &[ef;wkYd ? tcsKdYu tb,foYkd wGeYf qwaeukeoenf; [lr &[ef;wkYd ? ewfEivl k f f l S hf wkYd onf b0vQif arGYavsmf&m Sue\? b0 aysmarGYue\? b0 (b0jzif) 0rf;ajrmuf d k f f k f h auseyfaeuke\/ xdewfwYkd tm; b0csKyf&ef tvdYk ig w&m;udk a[monfaomf (if;ewfvl f k S dS wdYk \) pdwonf (w&m;) r0ifpm; rMunfvif (r,HMk unf) aumif;pGmrwnf ESv;roGi;/ f kH f &[ef;wdYk ? odYk yifvQif tcsKdUu wGeYf qwaeuke\/ k f f
77
&[ef;wdYk ? tcsKdYu tb,foYkd ausmfve oGm;ukeoenf; [lr tcsKdYaom ewfvwYkd G f f l l onf b0jzifyifvQif ESypuf cH&ukef ouJoYkd (qif;&Jueonf) jzpf Suueonf pufqyf h d f h k f f k f k Gmukeonf jzpf b0uif; jywfjcif;udk ESpouf vdvm;uke\? ]]tcsif;wkdY? tMuiftcg H S f f k f twaumifonf cEmud,f ysup; jcif;aMumifh (ysup;vQi) jywfpom;\? ysup; oGm;\? k f D f D f J G f D aoonfrS aemuf rSawmhacs? jywfpjJ cif; ysufp;jcif; rSjd cif;onf Nidr;at;ay\? d D f jywfpjJ cif; ysup;jcif; rSjd cif;onf aumif;jrwfay\? jywfpjJ cif; ysup;jcif; rSjd cif;onf f D f D razmufrjyef rSeuefay\}}-[k odYk ESpoufvvm;uke\/ &[ef;wdYk ? odYk yifvQif tcsKdYu f f dk f ausmveom;uke\/ f G f G f &[ef;wdYk ? tb,foYkd vQif (Pf) rsufpaom olwYkd onf jrifueoenf; [lr d dS k f l &[ef;wkYd ? omoemawmf &[ef;onf jzpfay:aom (cEmig;yg;) w&m;udk jzpfay:aom w&m;[k jrif\? jzpfay:aom w&m;udk jzpfay:aom w&m;[k jrifNyD; jzpfay:aom (cEm ig;yg;) w&m; NiD;aiGYjcif;iSg wyfruf uif;jcif;iSg (xd&m;\) csKyfNidr;jcif;iSg usif\/ &[ef; k f h wkYd odYk yifvQif (Pf) rsufpd Saom olwYkd onf jrifue\ - [k d k f a[mawmfray\/ l 238 675/ xkYd aMumifh Oyrmtm;jzif-opfom;puf(,E&m;) kyfonf twrS qdwoO;\ toufrSd h f k f tm;xkwrI Asmyg&rS?d odYk aomfvnf; opfom;ESihf ud;wkYd \ pyf,Of qufo,onf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh oGm;vnf; f S G f f oGm;\? &yfvnf; &yf\? tm;xkwrI SouJoYkd aMumifMh u pdurI Asmyg& SouJoYkd yif xif&\? xkYd twlyif emrf f d h k f d h ESihf kyonfvnf; twrS qdwoO;\ toufrSd tm;xkwrI Asmyg&rS?d odYk aomfvnf; emrfEiyf tcsif;csif; f f k f f S hf k pyf,Of qufo,onf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh oGm;vnf; oGm;\? &yfvnf; &yf\? tm;xkwrI SouJoYkd aMumifMh updurI S G f f f d h k f Asmyg& SouJoYkd yif xif&\ - [l rSwftyfay\/ xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onfd h ]]emrfonfif; kyonfif; avmu trSetm;jzifh Say\? emrfyf ESpyg;xJ ow0g f f d k f onfif; vlonfif; rSday/ emrfyonf opfom;ESihf ud;wkYd jzifh yvkyxm;aom pufyf k f f k uJoYkd yif twrS qdwoO;\? qif;&J\ tpktyHk rQomwnf;? (twrS qdwoO;aom tm;jzif) h f k f f k f h jrufyif opfom;wdYk Eiom wlay\}} -[k S hf rdeYf que\/ kd k f (emrfEiy)udk opfom;pufyf Oyrm oufoufjzifomvQif xifm; jytyfonf r[kwao;? xkrS S hf k f k h S f d wyg;aom usLpnf;tpSaom OyrmwkYd jzifvnf; jytyfao;\? jyyHum; ..... ESpcaom usLpnf;wkYd onf tcsif;csif; d h k f k rSue axmifvsuf wnfwvwfaomf wck(aom usLponf;)onf (tjcm;) wck(aom usLpnf;)\ taxmuftyHh D k f kH jzpf\? wckaom usLpnf; vJusvwfaomf tjcm; usLpnf;onfvnf; vJusavawmh ouJoYkd xdYk twlyif h yOa0gum& (cEmig;yg; Saom) b0 emrfEiyonf tcsif;csif; rS jzpfae\? wckonf wck\taxmuftyHh d S hf k f D jzpf\? aoonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wckysufusvwfaomf tjcm; wckonfvnf; ysufusav awmh\/ xkdYaMumifh aS; f q&mwkYd onf ]]emrfEiyonf pHwwnf;? if; ESpyg;wdYk onf tcsif;csif;udk rDue\/ wyg;ysuf vwfaomf S hf k f k JG f S k f (tcsif;csif;\) taMumif; jzpfueaomaMumifh ESpyg;vH;yif ysufue\}}-[k k f f k k f rdeYf que\/ kd k f 676/ wenf; Oyrmum; .... vufcwf 'kwjf zifh wD;acguf (tyf)aom pnfukd rS toHonf jzpfvwfaomf D pnfum;wjcm; toHum;wjcm; pnfEihf toHwYdk onf ra&maESmuke?f pnfonf toHrS qdwoO;\? toHonf S f k f vnf; pnfrS qdwoO;\? xdkYtwlyif ]]0wK'Gg&ESifh tmkH}} [kqkdtyfaom kyur emrfonfjzpf vwfaomf kyum; f k f f kd DS f wjcm; emrfum;wjcm; emrfEiywYkd onf ra&maESmuke?f emrfonf kyrS qdwoO;\? kyonfvnf; emrfrS qdwf S hf k f f f k f f okO;\/ odYk aomfvnf; pnfukd rS toHonf jzpfay:vm ouJoYkd kyur emrfonf jzpfay:vm\/ xdYk aMumifh f D h f kd DS aS;q&mwkYd onf -
78
]](jrifawGYr) zvQif ig;ckajrmuf Saom jriforqi&m emrfw&m;wkYd onf rsufprS jzpfay:vm I d d I kd f d onf r[kwue?f tqif;rS jzpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f rsufpEihf tqif; ESpyg;wdYk \ f k f k d S f tMum;rS jzpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f tnDtTwf aygif;pk ytyfaom (jriforqi&m) f k d I kd f ocFw w&m;wkYd onf (rsufpd tqif; ta&miftvif; ESv;oGi;rI tpSaom) taMumif;w&m;udk kH f d pGr jzpfay:uke\? Oyrm tm;jzifh wD;acguf (tyf)aom pnf\ toHjzpfay:vmyHEihf wlay\/ J DS f k S 231 (Mum;awGYr) zvQif ig;ckajrmufaom Mum;odrqi&m emrfw&m;wkYd onf em;rS jzpfay: I dS I kd f vmonf r[kwue?f toHrS jzpfay: vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f em;ESitoH ESpyg;wkYd \ tMum;rS f k f k hf f jzpfay: vmonfvnf; r[kwue/y/ f k f (eHawGYr) zvQif ig;ckajrmuf Saom eHorqi&m emrfw&m;wkYd onf ESmacgif;rS jzpfay:vmonf I d d I dk f r[kwue?f teHYrjS zpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f ESmacgif;ESihf teHYEpyg;wkYd \ tMum;rS jzpfay: f k f k S f vmonfvnf; r[kwue/y/ f k f (vsufawGYr) zvQif ig;ckajrmuf Saom vsuforqi&m emrfw&m;wdYk onf vQmrSjzpf ay:vm I d d I kd f onf r[kwue?f t&omrQ jzpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f vQmESihf t&om ESpyg;wkUd \ f k f k f tMum;rS jzpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue/ y/ f k f (xdawGYr) zvQif ig;ckajrmufaom xdorqi&m emrfw&m;wkYd onf ud,rS jzpfay:vmonf I dS d I dk f k f r[kwue?f tawGYrS jzpfay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f ud,Eihf tawGY ESpyg;wkdY\ tMum;rS jzpf f k f k k f S f ay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue/ y/ f k f tnDtTwf aygif;pk ytyfaom (BuHorqi&m) ocFw w&m;wdYk onf ESv;kyrS jzpfay:vm d I kd f kH f onf r[kwue?f oabmtmk[aom "rm,wewkYd rS xGuay:vmonfvnf; r[kwue?f tnD f k H l f f k tTwf aygif;pk ytyfaom (BuHorqi&m) ocFww&m;wkYd onf (ESv; oabmtmkH ESv; d I dk f kH kH oGi;rI paom) taMumif;udk pGr jzpfay:vmuke\/ Oyrm tm;jzifh wD;acguftyfaom pnf\ f J DS f toHjzpfay:vmyHEihf wlay\}}-[k k S rdeYf que\/ kd k f 677/ wenf;tm;jzifh emrfkyfESpfyg;wkdYwGif emrfonf wefc; tpGr;owrS?d rdr\ wefc;tpGr; tm;jzifh kd f d d kd f jzpfjcif;iSgrpGr;Edi?f rpm;wwf raomufwwf rajymqdwwf oGm;jcif;paom &d,mykxukd rywwf/ kyonfvnf; f k k f f wefc;tpGr; owrS?d rdr\wefc;tpGr;jzifh jzpfjcif;iSg rpGr;Edi?f if;kyrm pm;vkjd cif; rS?d aomufvjdk cif; rS?d kd f d d kd f f k f S ajymqdvjkd cif; rS?d oGm;jcif;aom &d,mykxukd yvdjk cif; rS/ pifppfaomfum; emrfur kyonf jzpfae\/ k f d kd DS f kyur emrfonf jzpfae\/ emrf\ pm;vkjd cif;onfif; aomufvjkd cif;onfif; ajymqkd vdjk cif;onfif; &d,m f kd DS ykxukd yvdjk cif;onfif; jzpfvwfaomf kyonf pm;\ aomuf\ ajymqd\ &d,mykxukd y\/ f f k f teufukd xifm;jy&eftwGuf qdvwHaom Oyrmudk xkwaqmifjyuke\? jyyHum;-oluef;ESihf olqYHG S k h f f k wkYd onf wpHwckaom t&yfoYkd c&D;oGm;vdvsuf Sue&m\? oluef;onf olqYHG ukd odYk ajym\/ ]]tcsif; armifqGHY? k k d k f igonf ajcjzifh ytyfaom oGm;jcif;udpukd ajcwkYd jzifh yEdiyg\? odYk aomf nDwaomt&m rnDwf aomt&mudk k f T f T jrifEiaom rsufpwYdk um; ighrm rSyg}}[kajym\? olqYHGonfvnf; oluef;udk odYk jyefajym\? ]]tcsif; armifuef;? kd f d S d igonf rsufpjd zifh ytyfaom MunfjI cif; jrifjcif;udpukd rsupjd zifh yEdiyg\? odYk aomf oGm;Edif jyefEiaom ajcwkYd h f k f k kd f um; ighrrSyg}}[k jyefajym\/ xdouef;onf 0rf;ajrmufivef;vsuf olqYHG ukd ycH;ay:odYk wifvu\/ olqGHY S d k l T f k kd f onf oluef;\ ycH;xuf wnfaevsuf ]]vuf0bufukd vTwavmh? vusmbufukd ,lavmh? vusmbufukd k J f f f vTwavmh? vuf0bufukd ,lavmh}}[k TeMf um; ajymqk\/ xdoEpf a,mufwYkd wif oluef;onfvnf; 232 f J d k l S G wefc;tpGr;owd rS?d cGetm;rS?d rdr\ wefc;tpGr;jzifh rdr\ cGetm;jzifh roGm;Edi/ olqYHG onfvnf; wefc; dk f f d dk f d f k f kd tpGr;owd rS?d cGetm; rS?d rdrd wefc;tpGr;jzifh rdr\ cGetm;jzifh roGm;Edi/ odYk aomfvnf; xdouef; olqYGH wYdk rm f f kd f d f k f k l S tcsi;csi;udk trSD y c&D;oGm;jcif;onf rjzpfonfr[kwf jzpfvnf;jzpfouJoYkd xdYk twlyif emrfonfvnf; wefc; f f h kd tpGr; owrS?d rdr\ wefc;tpGr;jzifh rjzpfay:Edi?f xkxkd oGm;jcif;paom Bud,mwkYd rjzpfEi?f kyonfvnf; f d d kd f k d kd f wefc;tpGr; owd rS?d rdr\ wefc;tpGr;jzifh rjzpfay:Edi?f xdxkd jrifjcif; paom Bud,mwkYd rjzpfEi?f xdemrfyf kd f d kd f k k kd k k
79
ESpyg;wdYk rm tcsif;csif;udk rS jzpfay:jcif;onfif; rjywfjzpfaejcif;onfif; rSonfr[kw?f Svnf; Sonfom f S D d d d vQifwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh atmufyg *gxmtaygif;udk qdtyfay\/ k tnDtGwf aygif;pk ytyfaom ocFww&m;wkYd onf rdr\ tm;tpGr;jzifh rjzpfay:Ediue?f d f k f k rdr\ tm;tpGrf;jzifh (rjywfjzpfvsuf) rwnfwEiue/ rdru,wivnf; tm;enf; ukeonfjzpf d hH kd f k f d kd f kd f f rdrrS wyg;aom taMumif;wkYd \ tvdoYkd tpOfvuuevsuf jzpfay:&uke\/ d k kd f k f f ocFww&m;wkYd onf wyg;aom w&m;wkYd \ aus;Zl;yjcif;aMumifh jzpfay:uke\? wyg;aom f w&m;wkYd ukd qGui& tmkH y&aomaMumifh jzpfay:uke\? ocFw w&m;wkYd ukd wyg;aom w&m; J kd f f jzpfueaom tmkEihf taMumif;ypn;wdYk u jzpfay:ap (tyf) uke\/ k f H S f f yifv,fa&aMumif; c&D; vlwYkd onf avSur oGm;ukeouJoYkd xdYk twlyifvQif kyur emrf kd DS f h f kd DS taygif;onf jzpf\/ yifv,fa&aMumif; c&D; avSonfvnf; vlwYdk ur oGm;ouJoYkd xdYk twlyifvQif emrfur kyf kd DS h kd DS taygif;onf jzpf\/ yifv,fa&aMumif; c&D; vlwYdk onfif; avSonfif; ESpO;vH;wkYd onf tcsif;csif;udk rS oGm;ukef f D k D ouJoYkd xkYd twlyifvQif emrfonfif; kyonfif; ESpyg;wkYd onf tcsif;csif;udk rSue\/ h f f D k f qkcaom tjym;tm;jzifh enf;trsKd;rsKd;wkYd jzifh emrfyukd ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfaom a,m*D yk*Kd vf\ ow0g d hJ k f k f k [laom trSwonmudk vTr;rd;ausmfve rawGra0odaom (toarm[) Pftqifhwnfaom emrfEiywYdk ukd f f k G f S hf k f [kwwi;rSepm odjrifjcif;udk ]]'d|0o'- Pftjrif\ pifMu,fjcif; pifMu,faom Pftjrif}} [l odtyf\/ f kd f f G d d k d emrly00wme (emrfyukd ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaomPf) [laom trnfonfif; ocFg&y&dap' (ocFg&wkYd ukd k f k f k ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfaomPf) [laom trnfonfif; 'd|0o'\ trnfyif jzpfonf/ k f k d d k d onfum; olawmfaumif;wkYd \ ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif;iSg pD&if(tyf)aom 0do'r*fusr;0,f ynmbm0em f d hf k d f t&m 'd|0o'ukd tus,fjycsuf ('d|0o'ea'o) rnfaom 18-ckajrmuf jzpfaom tydi;tcPf;aywnf;/ d d k d d d k d d k f
'd|d0dok'dudk tus,fjycsufNyD;\/
80
19-ucFg0dw&P0do'ukd tus,jf yqkcsuf k d d

yp,y&d*[uxm - taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHkudk jyqdkcsuf
233 678/ ucFg0dw&P0do'jd zpfyum; ..... (odjrifNyD;jzpfaom) emrfy\ yifvQif taMumif;udk k kH k f odr;qnf;jcif;jzifh oH;yg;aom t"GeYf umvwkYd ,Hrm;udk vGeajrmuf wnfaom Pfonf ucFg&0dw&P 0do'd f k k S f k -(,Hrm;udk vGeajrmufvsuf pifMu,faomPf) rnf\/ k S f xdk (ucFg0dw&P0do')udk jynfpapvdaom a,m*D&[ef;onf Oyrmtm;jzifh wwfuRr; vdrmaom aq; k d h kH k f q&monf a&m*gudk jrifNyD;vQif xda&m*g\ jzpfaMumif; ork|mefukd SmrS; ouJoYkd if;? wenf;tm;jzifh oem; k D h wwfaom a,musm;onf EkYH aom (rodwwfao;aom) yufvuf tdywwfumrQ jzpfaom cav; oli,fwa,muf f f vrf;r vJavsmif;aeonfukd awGYjrifvQif ]]oli,fonf rnfo\ om;jzpfavoenf;}}[k xdoi,f\ trdtb l k l wdYk ukd qifjcifouJoYkd if; xdYk twlyif xdemrfy\ rlv taMumif; taxmuftyHh taMumif; wkYd ukd SmrS;jcif;odYk h k k f D a&muf\/ xdk a,m*Donf tpyXryifvQif odYk qifjcif\-emrfyonf taMumif;rSonf r[kwf ({uefyif k f d taMumif;S&rnf? tb,faMumifqaomf taMumif;rSvQif) tvH;pHaom XmewkYd if; tcgcyfor;if;? tvH;pHaom d h h kd d k k d f k k yk*Kd vfwYdk tm;if; wrsK;wnf; wlonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf&maomaMumifh aywnf;/ ]]&-tpd;& olyi&i}f }[k d k dk f S ac:aom xm0&bk&m; ponfvQif taMumif;Sonfvnf; r[kw?f (tb,faMumifqaomf) emrfEihf kyxuf tydk d h h kd S f tvGejf zpfaom &ac: xm0&bk&m; ponfwYdk rSaomaMumifh aywnf;/ ]]&ac: xm0&bk&m; ponfwYdk d onfvnf; emrfEiyrQyif}}[k qkaom q&mwkYd \ t,lvnf; &ac: xm0&bk&m; ponf[k qktyfaom S hf k f d d emrfEiyonf taMumif; rSonf\ tjzpfoYdk a&mufaomaMumihaywnf;? xkYd aMumifh xdemrfy\ rlvtaMumif; S hf k f d f k k f taxmuftyHh taMumif;wkYd onf Sue&m\? xktaMumif;wkYd um; tb,fonfwYdk enf;[kqifjcif\/ d k f d
1-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk yXrenf;
679/ xda,m*Donf qdconftwdi; emrfy\ rlvtaMumif; taxmuftyHh taMumif;wkYd ukd qifjcif k k hJ h k f k f NyD;vQif (lyum,) kytaygif; ud,\rlvtaMumif; taxmuftyHh taMumif;wkYd ukd odYk or;qnf;\- f k f d f kyu,onf jzpfay:vwfaomf OyvMum y'krM um yk@&duMf um aom*EuMum ponfwYdk \ twGi;jzpfay:onf f kd f d f r[kw?f ywjrm; ykvo,f ponfwYdk\ twGi;vnf; jzpfay:onf r[kw?f pifppfaomfum; tpmopftrf tpm J G f d a[mif;tdrwYkd \ tMum; (trd\) 0rf;a&vTmudk aemufrDS y (trd\) ausmufue;k;udk aSYrsufEmpm y tlr f k f d S tlorwYdk jzifh 0ef;&H(tyf)onfjzpf rdru,wivnf; raumif;aom teHYvsuf pufqyf GYH mzG,f Sonf jzpf d f d kd f kd f dS k S d raumif;aom teHYvsuf pufqyz,aom tvGeusOf;ajrmif;aom om;tdrt&yf ig;ykyf ra,mrkYH yyf wHp;wGi; dS k f G f dS f f k D f wHp;ajrmif; ponfwYdk jzpfaom yd;avmufuoYkd jzpfay:&\/ D k hJ odYk aom tjcif;t&mjzifh jzpfay:&aom xdyu,\ ]]t0dZmwPSm Oyg'gef uH}}[laom 4 -yg;aom k k f kd f w&m;wkdYonf (if;kyfudk) jzpfapwwfaomaMumifh ( [wk) rlvtaMumif; aywnf;? tpmtm[m&onf axmufyhH a wwfaomaMumifh ( p, ) taxmuftyHtaMumif;aywnf;? odYk tm;jzifh ig;yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf rlvtaMumif; y h taxmuftyHtaMumif;wkYd aywnf;/ h xdig;yg;wkYd wivnf; t0dZmpaom 3-yg;aom taMumif;wkYd onf ]]trdonf om;oli,f\ rS&mjzpf k G f D ouJhokdY}} kyf ukd,f\ rS&m Oyed, jzpfue\? tbonf om;udk jzpfapouJoYdk uHonf (kyu,u) D k f h f kd f kd 234 jzpfapwwf\? EdYk xe;onf oli,fukd (aus;arG;ypkvsu) aumif;pGmaqmifouJoYkd tm[m&onf (kyf d f f h ud,ukd auR;arG; ypkvsu) aumif;pGm aqmifwwf\ [l taMumif; taxmuftyHukd odr;qnf;\/ k f f h f qkcaom enf;jzifh kytaygif; ud,\taMumif; odr;qnf;jcif;udk yNyD;vQif wzef ]]rsupd (puKyom' d hJ f k f f f kyf)udkif; tqif; (lygk)wkYd uif; pGr puK0dnmPfpwonf jzpfay:\}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh (emrum,) H kd J DS d f d emrftaygif;\ taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ f
81
xda,m*Donf qdconftwdi; taMumif;aMumifh emrfy\ (,ckypKye) jzpfay:jcif;udk IjrifNyD;vQif k k hJ h k f k f f ]]emrfyonf ,ck ypKyef b0umv taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:ouJoYkd xdYk twlyif twdwumvvnf; k f h f taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:cJavNyD? tem*wfumvvnf; taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:vwH}h }[k Ijrif\/ h
,HkrSm; 16-yg;udky,fjcif;
680/ qdconftwdi; Ijrifaom xda,m*Donf ]]igonf vGeavNyD;aom twdwumv jzpfchJ (Sc) k hJ h k f k f f d hJ avoavm? igonf vGeavNyD;aom umv rjzpfchJ (rSc) ao;bl; avavm? igonf vGeavNyD;aom twdwf f d hJ f umv tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; jzpfcavoenf;? igonf vGeavNyD;aom twdwumv tb,foYkd aom hJ f f tjcif;t&mjzifh jzpfcavoenf;? igonf vGeavNyD;aom twdwumv tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; jzpfNyD;vQif hJ f f tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; (tqufquf) jzpfcavoenf;}}[k (vGeavNyD;aom cEmtpOf [laom) aS;tzdYk ukd hJ f taMumif;y (jzpfaom) tMuif ig;yg; tjym;Saom ,Hrm;udk a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d k S ]]igonf b0rS aemuf tem*wfumv jzpf&OD;rnfavavm? igonf tem*wfumv rjzpf&awmhb; l avavm? igonf tem*wfumv tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; jzpf&rnfenf;? igonf tem*wfumv tb,f odYk aom tjcif;t&mjzifh jzpf&rnfenf;? igonf tem*wfumv tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; jzpfNyD;vQif tb,foYkd aom trsKd;tpm; (tqufquf) jzpfom;&rnfenf;}}[k (tem*wf cEm tpOf[aom) aemuftzdYk ukd taMumif;y G l (jzpfaom) tMuifig;yg; tjym;Saom ,Hrm;udvnf; a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d k S k ]],cktcg ypKyef t"GeYf umvudk taMumif;yrlvnf; rdr\ cEmwdYk odYk avm odYk avm awG;awmjcif; d Sd\-igonf [kwavoavm (Savoavm)? igonf r[kwavoavm (rSavoavm) igonf tb,foYkd aom f d f d trsKd;tpm; jzpfoenf;? igonf tb,foYkd aom tjcif;t&mjzifh jzpfoenf;? (ig[laom) ow0gonf tb,f b0rS vmcJoenf;? xdk ig-ow0gonf tb,fb0odYk oGm;a&muf vwHenf;-[k ypKyef cEmudk taMumif;y h h (jzpfaom) tMuif 6-yg; tjym;Saom ,Hrm;udvnf; a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ tvH;pHaom xdk 16-yg;aom ,Hrm;udk d k S k k k k S y,f(tyf)\/
2-taMumif;odrf;qnf;ykH 'kwd,enf;
681/ wyg;aom a,m*Donf qufqaomtaMumif; rqufqaom taMumif;tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sdaom H H emrf\ taMumif;udk Ijrif\? uH ponf\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 4-yg; tjym; Sdaom kyf\ taMumif;udk Ijrif\/ csJY jy&vQif .... emrf\ taMumif;onf qufqaom taMumif; rqufqaom taMumif;[l 2-yg; tjym;Sd\? xdwif H H k G puK'Gg& tpSdaom 6-yg;aom 'Gg&wkdYESifh lygkH tpSdaom 6-yg;aom tmkwYdk onf emrf\ qufqaom H H (om"m&P)taMumif;rnf\? tb,faMumifenf;[lr ukovtpSaom tjym;tm;jzifh tvH;pHaomtjym;Saom h h l kd f d k k d emrf[orQonf xd'g&ESitmkH xkYd aMumifh jzpfay:&aomaMumifaywnf;/ ESv;oGi;rI (reodum&) tpSaom l k G hf h kH f d taMumif;onf emrf\ rqufqaom (tom"m&P) taMumif;rnf\? taMumif;rlum; oifavsmpm ESv;oGi;jcif; H h f G kH f (a,medaomreodum&) olawmfaumif;wkYd \ w&m;udk Mum;em&jcif; tpSaom taMumif;onf ukovemrfEiom d kd f S hf qufq\? xdrS jyefaom(tm;jzifh roifpm ESv;oGi;jcif; ol,wwYdk\ w&m;udk Mum;em&jcif;tpSaom) H k h G kH f k f d taMumif;onf tukovemrfEiom qufq\? uHtpSaom taMumif;onf tusKd;0dygufemrfEiom qufq\? kd f S hf H d S hf H b0iftpSaom taMumif;onf ud&,memrfEiom qufq\? um; tom"m&P rnfjcif;\ taMumif;wnf;/ d d S hf H kyf\taMumif;rSmrl uH pdwf Owk tm[m&[laom 4-yg;aom taMumif;aywnf;? xkwif twdwom d G f vQif jzpfaom uHonf urZkytm; aus;Zl;y\? 235 jzpfqaom pdwonf pdwZkytm; aus;Zl;y\? OwkEihf f J f f S tm[m&wkdYonf OwkZkyf tm[m&ZkywYdk tm; wnfqJ XDcP aus;Zl;y uke\/ qkcaom enf;jzifh wOD;aom f f d hJ a,m*Donf emrfy\ taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ k f f xda,m*Donf qkconftwdi; taMumif;aMumifh emrfy\ (,ckypKye) jzpfay:jcif;udk IjrifNyD;vQif k d hJ h k f k f f ]]emrfyonf ,ckypKyef b0umv taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:ouJoYkd xdYk twlyif twdwumvvnf; k f h f taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:cJavNyD? tem*wfumvvnf; taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:vwH}h }[k Ijrif\/ qdkcJhonfh h
82
twdi; Ijrifaom a,m*Donf (pmyd'f 680-) qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif t"GeYf umv 3-yg;wkYd vnf; 16-yg; k f k d h aom ,H;rSm;udk y,f(tyf)\/ k
3-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk wwd,enf;
682/ wyg;aom a,m*Donf emrfy[k qktyfaom xdk ocFg&wkYd \ yifvQif tkjd cif;odYk a&mufonfuif; k f d kd tkNd yD;aom ocFg&wdYk \ aoysufjcif;udif; IjrifNyD;vQif (ocFwjzpfaom) ocFg&wkYd \ tdjk cif; aojcif;rnfonf k rSm b0topfjzpfjcif;SvQif S\? b0topfjzpfjcif;onfvnf; jzpfaMumif; urb0 SvQif\? urb0onfvnf; d d d dS pGvrf;rI Oyg'gefvQif jzpf\? Oyg'gefonfvnf; wPSmSvQif jzpf\? wPSmonfvnf; a0'emSvQif jzpf\? J dS d d a0'emonfvnf; zSdvQif jzpf\? zonfvnf; (oVm,we) tm,we 6-yg; SvQif jzpf\? tm,we 6d yg; onfvnf; emrfyvQif jzpf\? emrfyonfvnf; 0dnmPfvQif jzpf\? 0dnmPfonfvnf; ocFg&wkYd vQif k f dS k f dS dS jzpf\? ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; t0dZm SvQif jzpfue\[k odYk y#dvkH y#dporkyg'f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfy\ d k f f k f taMumif;odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ xkoYdk odr;qnf;aomtcg xka,m*Donf qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif 16-yg; f d f d d h aom ,Hrm;udk y,f (tyf)\/ k S
4-taMumif;odrf;qnf;ykH pwkwenf;
683/ wyg;aom a,m*Donf ]]odYk vQif t0dZmaMumifh ocFg&wkYd onf jzpfue\}} odkY ponfjzifh aS; k f tus,fcsJY jycJNh yD;aom tEkvkH y#dporkyg'f\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif emrfy\ taMumif; odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ f h k f f xdoYkd odr;qnf;aomtcg xda,m*Donf qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif 16-yg;aom ,Hrm;udk y,f (tyf)\/ k f k k h k S
5-taMumif;odrf;qnf;yHk yOrenf;
684/ wyg;aom a,m*Donf ]]aS;b0 NyD;cJaom urb0 (jzpfaMumif;uH)udk ypOf awGa0jcif; ('ku h ponfukd rodjcif;) oabmonf t0dZmwnf;? tm;xkwrwYkd onf ocFg&wkYd wnf;? vdcsifawmifwjcif;onf wPSm f I k h wnf;? csO;uyfpvrf;jcif;onf Oyg'gefwnf;? aphaqmf wduwe;jcif; (apwem)onf urb0wnf;? odYk f JG k f G f tm;jzifh ]]aS;b0 NyD;cJaom urb0udk NyD;pD;cJueaom ig;yg;aom w&m;wdYk onf ypKyeb0 y#doaE\ h h k f f taMumif;wkYd aywnf;/ ypKyeb0 aS;b0ESihf qufpyf jzpfaom y#doaEpwonf 0dnmPfwnf;? ouf0if f d f jcif; (ouf0ifaom w&m;taygif;)onf emrfywnf;? Munfvifjcif;onf tm,wewnf;? awGYxjd cif;onf z k f wnf;? cHpm;jcif;onf a0'emwnf;? odYk tm;jzifh ig;yg;aom w&m;wdYk onf aS;b0 ycJaom uH [laom h taMumif;aMumifh ypKyef Oyywb0 jzpfay:aom tusKd;w&m; wkYd wnf;/ ypKyeb0 tm,wewkYd \ d f &ifusuonf\ tjzpfaMumifh (rsufpd em; paom tm,wewkYd &ifusufaomtcg) awGa0jcif;onf t0dZmwnf;/ h f h y/ aphaqmf wkuwe;jcif;onf urb0wnf;? odYk tm;jzifh ypKyeb00,f urb0udk ypOf NyD;pD;ukeaom d f G f f f ig;yg;aom w Yd onf aemifb0 y#doaE\ taMumif;wdYk wnf;}} [l a[mxm;aom odYk aom a'oem &m;wk enf;jzifh ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfy\ taMumif;odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ f k f f
uHtjym;udk jyqdkcsuf
685/ ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh [laom xdpum; uHonff k (1) rsufarSmufb0 cHpm;tyfaom tusKd;Saom 'd|"r a0'eD,uH? d (2) tjcm;rJh 'kw,b0 cHpm;tyf aom tusKd;Saom OyyZ a0'eD,uH? d d (3) wwd,b0 ponfwYdk cHpm;tyfaom tusKd;Saom ty&m y&d,a0'eD,uH? d (4) uHomjzpfNyD; tusKd;ray;Ediaom ta[moduH [l 4-yg; tjym;Sd\/ k f xdkuH 4-yg;wdYk wif wckaom aZm0Dx ckepfBudraom aZmwdYk wif 236 ukovjf zpfap tukovf jzpfap G d f G kd kd yXraZm apwemonf 'd|"r a0'eD,uH rnf\? xduonf twabm (,ckb0) yifvQif tusKd;ay;wwf\/ k H xkoYkd tusKd;ray;EdivQifrum; ]]uHonfum; jzpfcNhJ yD? uH\tusK;um; jzpfcNhJ yD;vnf; r[kw?f uH\tusKd;um; d k f l d
83
jzpfvwHvnf; r[kw?f uH\ tusKd;um; jzpfqvnf; r[kw}f } [l a[mxm;aom wdua'oem\ tpGr;jzifh h J f f ta[moduH jzpfav\/ 'gepaom ukovup ygPmwdygw paom tukovupukd NyD;apaom owraZm apwemonfum; kd f d kd f d OyyZa0'eD,uH rnf\? xkuonf tjcm;rJh twabm 'kw,b0 tusKd; ay;wwf\? xkoYkd tusKd;ray;EdivQif d H d d k f qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif ta[moduH jzpfav\/ d h yXraZm owraZm 2-yg;wkdY\ tMum; ig;Budraom tv,faZm apwemwkYd onf ty&my&d, a0'eD, f uH rnf\? xduonf wwd,b0 paom tem*wfumv tcGi&aomtcg tusKd;ay;wwf\/ kyemrf cEm tpOf k H hf f [laom oHo&m\ tjywfjzpfjcif; SaevQif (SaeorQ umvywfv; uHonf) ta[moduH rnfonf rjzpf/ d d kH 686/ xdrwyg;vnf; uHonf .... k S (1) tvGetjypfBuD;aom tukovf tvGetmEkabmf BuD;aom ukov[aom av;aom f kd f kd f l *kuH? (2) tBudrrsm;pGm ytyf aumif;pGm rS0tyfaom A[kvuH? f D J (3) aocgeD;umv ytyf atmufarhtyfaom tmoEu?H (4) ybl;umrQ jzpfaom u#wmuH [l 4-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xdk uH 4-yg;wdYk wif ukovujH zpfap tukovujH zpfap? av;aom *kuH ayghaom v[kuwYdk witrdukd G kd f kd f H G f owfaom rmwkCmwuH tpSaom tukovf *kuH jzpfap r[*Kwf ukovf *kuH jzpfap SvQif xdk *kuonf d kd kd d H omvQif aS;OD;pGm &ifusufvsuf tusKd;udk jzpfap\/ h xdYk twl tBudrrsm;pGm ytyfaom A[kvuH tBudrrsm;pGm rytyfaom tA[kvuH wkYd wivnf; oDv f f G f pifMu,fonf\ tjzpf okovsuH jzpfap oDvysufp;onf\ tjzpf 'kvsuHjzpfap tBudrrsm;pGm ytyf rS0tyf D D D f D J aom A[kvuH SvQif xdA[kvuHonfomvQif aS;OD;pGm &ifusufvsuf tusKd;udk jzpfap\/ d k h tmoEuH rnfonfum; aocgeD;umv atmufarhaom uHwnf;? rSeay\? aocgeD;aom olonf f tMuifuukd atmufarhEi\? xdujH zifomvQif b0opf jzpf&\/ H kd f k h qkdcJhNyD;aom uH 3-yg;wkdYrS vGwfaom tzefzef rS0rukd &aom uHonf u#wmuH rnf\? qkcNhJ yD;aom D J I d xduH 3-yg;wkYd rSvQif u#wmuHu y#doaEukd iif\ (jzpfap\)/ k d 687/ xdrwyg;aom uHonf k S (1) 0dyguf urZkyukd jzpfapwwfaom ZeuuH? f (2) axmufywwfaom OywruuH? hH (3) uyf ESypuf wwfaom OyyDVuuH? d f (4) uyf jzwwfwwf owfwwfaom OyCmwuuH [l 4-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xdk uH 4-yg;wdYk wif ZeuuH rnfonfrm ukovvnf; S\? tukovvnf; Sd\? xdk ZeuuHonf G S kd f d kd f y#doaEtcgif; y0wtcgif; urZkyEihf 0dyguf emrfcEmwkYd ukd jzpfap\/ d f S OywruuHonfum; tusKd;0dygufukd rjzpfapEdi?f wyg;aom uHu tusKd;ay;xm;aom y#doaE (wyg; k aom uHu) jzpfaptyfNyD;aom tusK;0dyguf jzpfqjJ zpfaom csr;om qif;&Jukd axmufyhH wwf\? t"GeYf npm d f S f G aom umvywfv; rjywfjzpfapwwf\/ kH
84
OyyDVuuHonfum; wyg;aom uHu tusK;ay;xm;aom y#doaE (wyg;aom uHu) jzpfaptyfNyD;aom d tusK;0dyguf jzpfqJ jzpfaom csr;om qif;&Jukd ESypufwwf\? ni;qJwwf\? t"GeYf Snpmaom umvywfv; d f d f f f G kH rjywfjzpf&ef tcGiray;/ hf OyCmwuuHonfum; rdru,wif ukovaomfif; tukovaomfif; jzpfvsuf wyg;aom tm;enf; d kd f kd kd f kd f aom (tukovuH ukov) uHukd owf xdu\ tusKd;0dygufukd wm;jrpf rdr\ tusKd; 0dyguftm; (jzpfap&ef) kd f kd f k H d tcGihf y\? odYk uHutcGihf yvwfaomf xdtusKd; 0dygufonf jzpfNyDrnf\ [l qdktyf\/ k 237 qdkcJhaom tjym;tm;jzifh 12-yg;aom uHwYdk \ (tm;Sdonf\tjzpf tm;rSonf\tjzpf d [laom) uH txl;onfif; (,kwonf\ tjzpf jrwfonf\ tjzpf paom) 0dyguf txl;onfif; jrwfpmbk&m; f G wkYd \ (uH\tusKd;ay;yHukd odaom) ur0yguPfawmftm; rSeuefaom rdr\ oabmtm;jzifh tjynftpHk k d f d h xifm;ayonf? om0uwdYk Eihf rqkiay/ odYk aomfvnf; 0dyem Iaom a,m*Donf uHtxl;ESihf 0dyguf txl;udk S S d f wpdwwa'o tm;jzifh odtyf odxu\/ xkYd aMumifh uHtxl;udk t&dytjrufrQ jyaom tm;jzifh (t&m) f kd f f jyvduayonf/ k f 688/ qkcaom tjym;tm;jzifh 12-yg; tjym;Saom (jzpfqJ ypKyef 0dyguftpOf\ taMumif;rQ omvQif d hJ d jzpfaom tpdw) uHukd (taygif;jzpfaom) ur0#f xnf odYk vQif wOD;aom a,m*Donf ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ f h tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfy\ taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\/ f k f f
uHESifh0dygufrQomawGYjrifyHk
xda,m*Donf qdconftwdi; ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh taMumif;aMumifh emrfy\ (,ck k k hJ h k f f k f ypKye) jzpfay:jcif;udk IjrifNyD;vQif ]]emrfyonf ,ckypKyef b0umv (ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f k f f omvQi) (taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:o)uJoYkd xkYd twlyif twdwumvvnf; ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f h f f (omvQi) taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:cJavNyD? tem*wfumvvnf; ur0#f 0dygu0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh omvQif f h f taMumif;aMumihf jzpfay:vwH}h }[k Ijrif\/ qkcaom tjym;tm;jzifh uHEihf uH\tusKd; 0dygufomvQif S\? ur0#fEihf 0dygu0#fomvQif S\? uH d hJ S d S d t,OfEihf 0dyguft,OfomvQif S\? uHtpOfEihf 0dyguftpOfomvQif S\? (yjcif;)-yrIEihf yrI\ tusdK;omvQif S d S d S Sd\/ uHaMumifh tusKd;0dygufwYdk onf jzpfue\? tusKd;0dygufonf uHvQif jzpfaMumif; S\ (wenf;um;k f d tusKd; 0dygufonf uH\ jzpfaMumif; aywnf;)/ uHaMumifh wzef b0opfjzpfjyef\? enf;jzifh avmu ([k ac:aom kyemrf tpOf)onf tqufquf rjywf jzpfaeonf-[l f Ijrif\/ qdconftwdi; Ijrifaom a,m*Donf aS;tzdYk ponfukd taMumif;y ]]igonf vGeavNyDaom k hJ h k f f twdwumv jzpfchJ (Sc) avoavm}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh 16-yg; tjym;Saom tMuif ,Hrm;udk f d hJ d d k S a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ tvH;pHaom xd,rm;udk y,f (tyf)\/ tvHk;pHkaom b0 3-yg;? a,med 4-yg;? *wd 5-yg;? k k k kH S 0dnmP|dwd 7-yg;? owm0go 9-yg;wkYd taMumif;tusKd; qufpyfonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tqufquf rjywf f jzpfaeaom emrfyrQonfomvQif (xdk a,m*Dtm;) xif\/ xdk a,m*Donf taMumif;w&m;xuftvGef (taMumif; k f w&m;rS vG) ywwfoukd rjrif? tusKd;0dyguf tqufquf rjywf jzpfjcif;xuftvGef tusKd;udk cHpm;wwfaom J l oludk rjrif? trSetm;jzifaomfum; taMumif;w&m;SvQif (um&u) ywwfaomol [lif;? tusKd;0dyguf tquf f h d quf rjywfjzpfjcif;SdvQif (a0'u) cHpm;wwfaomol [lif; trnfynwfrQjzifh ynmSwYdk ac:a0:ajymqkMd uonf d [lomvQif rSepmodaom 0dyem ynmjzifh aumif;pGmjrif (tyf) NyD;jzpfavawmh\/ f G 689/ xkdYaMumifh aS;q&mwdkYonf ....
85
]]trIuukd ywwfaom yk*Kd vfonf rSacs? tusKd;udk cHpm;wwfaom yk*Kd vfonfvnf; rSacs? oufouf H d d aom taMumif;ESihf tusKd;w&m;wkYd onf omvQif tqufquf rjywf jzpfvsuf Sue\? odYk aom d k f (tod tjrif)onf (razmuf rjyef) rSeuefpm odjrifjcif; aywnf;/ f G qdcaom enf;jzifh trIuEihf tusKd;0dygufonf taMumif;ESiwuG wjyefpD vnfywfvsuf rjywfjzpfae k hJ H S hf vQif opfaphEiopfyifwYkd\ aS;tpGe; tpudk rodtyf rodEiouJoYkd (trIuEihf tusKd;0dygufwkdY\) aS; S hf f kd f h H S tpGe; tpudk rodtyf rodEiay/ aemif tem*wfumvvnf; (kyemrf cEmwkYd \ rjywf jzpfpOf[aom) f kd f f l oHo&mSaevQif (trIuEihf tusKd;0dyguf wkYd \) rjzpfjcif; jywfpjJ cif;udk rawGYjriftyf rawGYjrifEiay/ d H S kd f 238 (trIuukd ywwfaom yk*Kd vfonf rSacs ponfjzifh qkcaom) teufoabmudk rodMuaom H d d hJ aMumifh wdwwYkd onf tjrifre[aom ud,yitvdEihf rjynfpueonfjzpf ow0g[laom trSwonm d S f l k f dk f k S h kH k f f udk pGvrf;ukevsuf ow'd|-wnfNrJt,l Oap''d|-jywfpJ t,lueonfjzpf tcsif;csif; qefYusif J f d d dS k f vsuf 62-yg;aom rdpm'd|wYdk ukd ,lMuuke\/ d f xdwwwYdkonf 'd|[aom aESmifud;jzifh aESmifzYJG cH& ukeonfjzpf wPSm[laom a&,Ofjzifh arsmuke\? k d d d l f f xdk wdwwYdk onf wPSma&,Ofjzifh arsmukeonf jzpf qif;&JrS rvGwEiue/ d f f kd f k f jrwfpmbk&m;\ wynfjh zpfaom &[ef;onfum; qkcaom enf;jzifh (trIuukd ywwfaom yk*Kd vfonf G d hJ H rSacsponfjzifh qkcaom) teufoabmudk odNyD;vQif eufeorarGYaom (ow0grSif; tusKd;rSif;) d d hJ J d f qdwoO;aom taMumif;w&m;udk xd;xGi; od\/ f k f k f tusKd;0dygufx taMumif;uHonf rS?d taMumif;uH xJvnf; tusKd;0dygufonf rS?d uHEi0yguf 2-yg; J S hf d wkYd onf tcsif;csif;rS qdwoO;uke\? (odYk aomf) taMumif; uHEihf uif;vnf; tusKd;onf rjzpfEi/ f k f f S kd f Oyrmtm;jzifh rD;onf aea&mifxvnf; Sonf r[kw?f ol&, uefausmufac: rSeb;vl;xJvnf; J d d f D Sdonfr[kw?f EGm;acs;ajcmufxvnf; Sonfr[kw?f if;(aea&mif ponf)wdYk \ tjyifyvnf; xk(rD;) J d d onf Sonf r[kw?f aea&mif paom taqmuftODwYdk aMumifh rD;onf jzpfvnf;jzpfay: ouJoYkd / d h xkYd twl tusKd;0dygufonf uH\ twGi;vnf; (&tyfonf) Sonf r[kw?f uH\ tjyifyvnf; Sonf f d d r[kw?f uHonfvnf; xdtusKd;0dygufx Sonf r[kw/ k J d f uHonf tusKd;rS qdw\? tusKd;onf uHx rS?d trSetm;jzifrum; uHuomvQif pGr xdurS tusKd; f J f h l kd J DS k H onf jzpfay:\/ rSeay\? avmu cEmwkYd \ jzpfpOf [laom oHo&mudk ywwf-zefqif;wwfaom ewfonfif; jA[m f onfif; rSacs? taMumif;taygif; [laom taMumif;aMumifh emrfyw&m; oufoufwYdk onfomvQif d k f tqufquf rjywfjzpfvsuf Sue\}}-[k d k f rdeYf que\/ kd k f
86
w&m;tvHk;pHkudk xifSm;odjcif;
690/ qdcaom enf;jzifh ur0#f\ tpGr;tm;jzifh emrfy\taMumif; odr;qnf;jcif;udk yNyD; 3-yg; k hJ f k f f aom t"GeYf umvwkYd ,Hrm;rIukd y,fNyD;aom xdk a,m*Dtm; tvH;pHaom twdwf tem*wf ypKyew&m;wkYd onf k S k k f pkwEihf y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifm;odtyfNyD;wkYd jzpfue\? xda,m*D\ taMumif;ESiwuG emrfyuoaom d S f S k f k hf k f kd d xdPfynmonf (wy&dnm) odtyf odxuaom w&m;wkYd ukd ydi;jcm; odaom Pfynm rnf\/ k kd f k f xda,m*Donf odYk o\----twdwb0 uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom tMuifcEmwkYd onf k d f l SdcJhukef\? xdcEmwkYd onf xdtwdwb0omvQif csKyfcueNf yD? ypKyeb0rlum; twduuH [laom taMumif; k k f hJ k f f aMumifh tjcm;wyg;aom cEmwkYd onf jzpfay: vmuke\? twdwb0rS ypKyeb0odYk vduygvmaom w&m;rnf f f f k f onf wckrQaomfvnf; rSacs/ d ypKyef b0vnf; uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom cEmwkYd onf (b0omvQi) csKyfuevwH?h l f k f aemifb0opf tjcm;wyg;aom cEmwkYd onf jzpfay:ukevwH?h b0rS aemifb0opfoYkd wckaom w&m;rQaomf f vnf; vduygroGm;vwH/ k f h
b0ESpf&yfpyfyHkOyrmjycsuf
pifppfaomfum; q&m\ cHwi;rS Gwqaom toHonf wynf\ cHwi;okYd 0ifonfr[kw?f q&m\ G f f dk h G f Gwqo[aom taMumif;aMumifh 239 xdwynf\ cHwi; Gwqjdk cif;onf rjzpfonfvnf; r[kw?f jzpfonf f kd H l k h G f f om jzpfouJoYkdif;? h wref (ud,pm;vS,) jzpfol aomufaom a&ref;onf a&m*gSo\ 0rf;odYk 0ifonfr[kw?f xdk wref k f f d l jzpfol aomufaom a&ref;[laom taMumif;aMumifh xdk a&m*gSo\ a&m*gonf raysmufonfvnf;r[kw?f d l aysmufonfomvQif jzpfouJoYkdif;? h rsuEm vdr;cs,f qif,ifvuaom tpDt&ifonf rSejf yif ponfwYdk (xifaeaom) rsuEm t&dyoYkd f S f kd f f S f a&mufom;onf r[kw?f xdrsuEm vdr;cs,f qif,ifvujf cif; [laom taMumif;aMumifh xdrejf yif ponfwYdk G k f S f kd k S xifaeaom rsufEmt&dy vdr;cs,f qif,ifvuaom tpDt&ifonf rxifay:onfvnf;r[kw?f xifay:onf S f f kd f omvQif jzpfouJoYkdif;? h wckaom qDr;pmrS qDr;vQHonf wyg;aom qDr;pmodYk ajymif;aTYom;onfvnf; r[kw?f xdrv qDr;pmrS D D D G k l D rD;vQ[aom taMumif;aMumifh xdwyg;aom qDr;pm qDr;vQonf rjzpfonfvnf; r[kw?f jzpfonf omvQijf zpf H l k D D H ouJoYkd if;? h OyrmwkYd Eihf wlpmyif twdwb0rS ypKyeb0odYk wpHwckaom w&m;rQ ajymif;aTYvmcJonf r[kw?f S G f f k h ,ckb0rSvnf; aemifb0opfoYkd wpHwckaom w&m;rQ ajymif;aTYom;rnf r[kw?f twdwb0 (rS) cEmtm,we k G f "mwf[aom taMumif;aMumifh ,ck ypKyeb0 cEm tm,we"mwfwYdkonf rjzpfonfvnf; r[kwue?f jzpfuef l f f k k onfomvQiwnf;? ,ckypKyeb0 cEmtm,we"mwf [laom taMumif;aMumifvnf; aemifb0 cEmtm,we f f h "mwfwYdkonf rjzpfrnfvnf; r[kwue?f jzpfuernfomvQiwnf; [l od\/ f k k f f raem"mwf\ tjcm;rJ jzpfaom puK0dnmPf pdwonf xdraem"mwfrS vmonfvnf; r[kw?f xdraem h f k k "mwf\ tjcm;rJ rjzpfonfvnf; r[kw?f jzpfonfomvQif jzpfouJoYkd xdYk twlyif y#doaEumv pdwf h h tpOfonf jzpfay: \? aS;jzpfaom pkwpwonf csKyfysufom;\? xdrS aemuf aemufjzpfaom y#doaE d d f G k pdwonf jzpfay:vm\/ f xdpwpwf y#doaEpwwYdk \ jcm;jcif;udk ywwfaom (tMum;jzpfaom) w&m; rnfonfrS?d xdpwpwf k k d d d f k k d d y#doaEpwwYdk \ tMum;rnfonf rS?d pkwpwrS wpHwckaom w&m;rQ oGm;onfvnf; r[kw?f d f d d f k y#doaEpwonfvnf; jzpfay:vm\-[lvnf; od\/ d f
87
691/ qkconftwdi; pkwEihf y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tvH;pHaom emrfyw&m;udk xifm;odNyD; d hJ h k f d S f k k k f S aom a,m*Dtm; emrfy\ taMumif;udk odr;qnf;aom Pfonf cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oefrm k f f d f vsijf refaom tm;pGr;ESihf jynfp\? 16-yg;aom ,Hrm;udk omaumif;pGm y,f (tyf)\/ f h kH k S oufouf xdk 16-yg;aom ,Hrm;udomvQif y,fonfr[kwao;? ]]q&mjzpfawmfraom jrwfpmbk&m; k S k f l G ,Hrm;\}} odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh jzpfaom Spyg;tjym;Saom ,Hrm;udvnf; y,f (tyf)onf omvQifwnf;/ k S f d k S k 62 -yg;aom rdpm'd|wYdk onf a0;uGmuke\/ d f
"r|dwdPf ponfrnfaMumif;
qkconftwki; txl;xl;tjym;jym;aom enf;wkYd jzifh emrfy\ taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif;jzifh 3-yg; d hJ h d f k f f aom t"GeYf umvwkYd ,Hrm;udk vGeajrmuf wnfaomPfukd ucFg0dw&P 0do'-(,Hrm;udk vGeajrmufvsuf k S f k d k S f pifMu,faomPf) [l odtyf\/ "r|wPf (emrfywYkd \ wnfaMumif; w&m;udk odaomPf) [laom d d k f trnfonfif; ,xmblwPf ([kwwi;rSepm odaomPf) [laom trnfonfif; orm'e-(razmuf f kd f f G rjyef rSepmjrifaomPf) [laom trnfonfif; ucFg0dw&P0do'\trnfcsnf;omvQifwnf;/ xdpum; f G k d k rSeay\/ f ]]t0dZmonf taMumif;wnf;? ocFg&wkYd onf taMumif;aMumifjh zpfaom tusKd;wkYd wnf;? t0dZm ESihf ocFg& [laom ESpyg;aom w&m;wkYd onfvnf; taMumif;aMumifh jzpfaom tusK;wkYd wnf;-[k f d taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif; ynmonf "r|wPf rnf\}} [lif;? f d d rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aomolonf tb,fw&m;wdYk ukd [kwwi; rSepm odoenf; jrifoenf;? tb,f kH f f kd f f G odkYvQif orm'e-rSepm jrifaom Pfjzpfoenf;? xdjk rifNyD;odYk tpOfvuojzifh tb,fovQif tvH;pHk f G kd f d k aom ocFg&wkYd ukd rNrJue[k aumif;pGm jriftyfueoenf;? tb,fw&m;wdYk ,Hrm;udk y,ftyfoenf;? k f k f k S qif;&J[k ESv;oGi;aom olonf/y/ twr[kw[k ESv;oGi;aomolonf tb,fw&m;wkYd ukd [kwwi; kH f f kH f f kd f rSefpGm odoenf; jrifoenf;/ y/ tb,fw&m;wkYd ,Hrm;udk y,ftyfoenf; [k ar;jim;th/ k S H 240 rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aomolonf ocFg&edrwukd [kwwi; rSepm od\ jrif\? xkYd aMumifh kH f d f f dk f f G orm'e-rSepmodjrifaomPf[k qdtyf\? odYk jrifvwfaomf xd(rsuarSmuf jrifNyD;)odYk tpOfvuf f G k k f kd ojzifh tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd ukd rNrJue[k aumif;pGm jrif(tyfue)\? aumif;pGm jrif(tyf)aom w&m; k k k f k f taygif; ,Hrm;udk y,f(tyf)\/ qif;&J[k ESv;oGi;aom olonf rjywfjzpfaom kyemrft,Of k S kH f f (Oyg'dEu y0w)udk [kwwi; rSepmod\ jrif\/ y/ tw r[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom olonf ocFg& f dk f f G f kH f edrwuif; kyemrf t,Ofuif; [kwwi;rSepmod\ jrif\? xkYd aMumifh orm'e-rSepm jrifaom d f kd f kd f kd f f G f G Pf[k qdktyf\? odYk jrifvwfaomf xdk (rsufarSmuf jrifNyD;)odYk tpOf vduojzifh tvH;pHaom ocFg& k f k k wkYd ukd twr[kw[k aumif;pGmjrif (tyfue)\? aumif;pGm jrif(tyf)aom w&m;wkYd ,Hrm;udk y,f f k f k S (tyf) \[k ajztyfayonf/ ,xmblwPf orm'ePf ucFg0dw&PPf [laom w&m;wkYd onf teuftm;jzifh vnf; xl;uke o'gtm;jzifvnf; xl;ukeoavm? odYk r[kwf teuftm;jzifh wlue o'grQom xl;ukef f h f k f oavm[k ar;jim;tH?h ,xmblwPf orm'ePf ucFg0dw&PPf [laom w&m;wkYd onf teuftm;jzifh wlue o'grQom xl;\[k ajztyfayonf-[lif; k f pum;udk y#dor'gr*f a[mawmfr\/ d l
88
plVaomwmyefrnfaMumif;
tusKd;um; .... ,xmblwrnfaom ucFg&0dw&PPf ESihf jynfpaom 0dyem (Io) a,m*Donf h kH l jrwfpmbk&m;\ omoemawmf &tyfNyD;aom oufom&mSonfjzpf ]]&tyfNyD;aom axmufwnf&m Sonfjzpf G d d NrJaom *wdonf jzpf plVaomwmyef (aomwmyefi,f) rnfay\/ dS xkYd aMumifh &[ef;onf ,Hrm;udk vGeajrmufaom ucFg0dw&P Pfukd vkvm;jcif; Sonfjzpf tcgcyf k S f d d odr; trSw&rI owdEihf jynfpvsuf emrfy\ taMumif;wdYk ukd cyfor;aom tjym;tm;jzifh odr;qnf; f f S h kH k f d f f &m\/ wGif NyD;\/ onfum; olawmfaumif;wdYk \ ESporhf 0rf;ajrmufjcif;iSg pD&iftyfaom 0do'r*f usr;0,f ynm f d k d f bm0emt&m ucFg0dw&P 0do'ukd tus,fjycsuf (ucFg0dw&P 0do'ea'o) rnfaom 19-ckajrmuf jzpfaom k d k d d tydi;tcPf;aywnf;/ k f
ucFg0dw&P 0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
89
20-r*gr*P'e 0do'ukd tus,jf ycsuf k d

oroeuxm - oroePfudkjyqdkcsuf
241 692/ (INrJ Ivsuf vrf;rSeom;aom Iorynm) onfum; (ykAbm*r*f) vrf;rSewnf;? f G d I f (ta&mif tvif;ponf) onfum; vrf;rSer[kw[k odYk vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk (ydi;jcm;) odjrif wnfaom f f f S k f Pfonf r*gr*P'e0dok'd (vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk todtjrif pifMu,faom Pfynm) rnf\/ f S xdr*gr*P'e 0do'ukd jynfpapvdaom a,m*Donf uvmyoroe (taygif; tpkvuf k k d h kH k kd oH;oyfjcif;) [k qdtyfaom e,0dyem (enf;rS; Ijcif;) tm;xkwfjcif;udk aS;OD;pGm ytyf\/ tb,faMumifh k k D enf;[lrum; tm;xkwp yNyD;aom (tm&'0yu) 0dyem a,m*Dtm; ta&miftvif;ponfwYdk jzpfay: l f d ukevwfaomf vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk ydi;jcm;aom (r*gr*)Pfonf jzpfay:vm\? uvmyoroePfonf f f S k f vnf; 0dyem\tp(pGm tm;xkwtyfaom Pf)aywnf;? xdYk aMumifh (uvmyoroePf)udk ucFg0dw&P f Pf\ tjcm;rJ Tejf yxm;ayonf/ h wenf; (taMumif;jy&vQi)vnf; wD&Py&dnm jzpfvwfaomf vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk ydi;jcm;aom f f S k f (r*gr*) Pfonf jzpfay:\? (xd) wD&Py&dnmonfvnf; wy&dnm\ tjcm;rJ jzpf\? xkYd aMumifvnf; k h h xdr*gr*P'e 0do'ukd jynfpapvdaom a,m*Donf taygif;tpkvuf oH;oyfaom (uvmyoroe) k k d h kH k kd k Pf tm;xkwjf cif;udk aS;OD;pGm ytyfay\/ 693/ (wD&Py&dnmonf wy&dnm\ tjcm;rJ jzpfonf-[laom) xdk pum;&yf qdvwHonfum; h k h tqH;tjzwfaywnf;-avmuDy&dnm (ydi;jcm; odaom Pfynm) wkYd onf wy&dnm (odtyf odxuaom k k f kd f emrfyEihf taMumif;w&m;udk ydi;jcm; odaomPfynm) wD&Py&dnm (pHprf;oH;oyfvsuf ydi;jcm; odaom k f S k f k k k f Pfynm) y[mey&dnm (y,fvsuf ydi;jcm; odaomPfynm) tm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;Sdukef\ / if;wkdYudk k f &nf ]]aS;Iyodaom (tbdnm) ynmonf odjcif; teufoabm (odonf\ tjzpf)aMumifh Pfrnf\? ydi;jcm; odaom (y&dnm) ynmonf pHprf;jcif; teufoabm (oH;oyfonf\ k f k k tjzpf)aMumifh Pfrnf\? y,faom (y[me) ynmonf pGeYf jcif; teufoabmaMumifh Pfrnf \}}-[k a[mawmfrtyfayonf/ l xdo;yg;aom y&dnmwkYd wif ]]azmufjyefjcif; vuPm Saom w&m;onf kywnf;? cHpm;jcif; vuPm k kH G d f Saom w&m;onf a0'emwnf;}}[k odYk aom enf;jzifh xdxyemrfw&m;wkYd \ toD;toD;aom obm0vuPm d k kd k f udk aumif;pGmrSwonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom ynmonf wy&dnm rnf\/ f f ]]kyonfrNrJ? a0'emonf rNrJ}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh (obm0 vuPmudk aumif;pGm rSwonf\ f d f tpGr;tm;jzifh ,lNyD; IoNd yD; jzpfueaom) xdk kyemrfw&m;wkYd tm; yifvQif omorn vuPmudk wifjzpfaom f k f f vuPmvQif tmkHSdaom 0dyem ynmonf wD&Py&dnm rnf\/ (omrnvuPmudk Ionf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ,lNyD; IoNd yD;jzpfueaom) xdyemrf w&m;wkYd yifvQif f k f k k f edponmponfukd y,fonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom vuPmvQif tmkHSdaom 0dyem ynmonf y[me f y&dnm rnf\/ xdk 3-yg;aom y&dnmwkYd wif emrfyf ocFg&wkYd ukd ydi;jcm;aom (emrlyy&dap') Pfrp yp, G k k f S y&d*[Pfwiatmif wy&dnm\ jzpf&mbH-e,fy,fwnf;? rSeay\? umv twGi; emrfyw&m;wkYd \ dk f k f f k f toD;toD;aom obm0vuPmudk odjcif;onfomvQif tBuD;tr; jzpfayonf/
90
uvmyoroePfrS p O',A,Pf wdiatmifrmrlum; wD&Py&dnm\ jzpf&mbH-e,fy,faywnf;? k f S k rSeay\? umvtwGi; omrnvuPmudk odjcif;onfomvQif tBuD;tr; jzpfayonf/ f f b*FPfrp txuf y[mey&dnm\ 242 jzpf&mbHk-e,fy,f aywnf;? rSeay\? xdk b*FPfrS p S f ]]rNrJ[k Ivwfaomf (Iaomolonf) NrJonf[k xifrwaom edponmudk y,f\? qif;&J[k Ivwfaomf (Iaom S f olonf) csr;om[k xifrwaom okconmudk y,f\? tw r[kw[k Ivwfaomf (Iaomolonf) twaumif[k f S f f xifrwaom twonmudk y,f\? NiD;aiGYvwfaomf (NiD;aiGYaomolonf) tm;& aysmarGYjcif;udk y,f\? wyfruf S f f uif;vwfaomf (wyfrufuif;aom olonf) wyfrufaom &m*udk y,f\? csKyfapvwfaomf (csKyfonf[k Ivwf aomf) jzpfjcif;udk y,f\? wzef pGeYf vwvwfaomf pG,jl cif;udk y,f\}}[k a[mxm;aom odYk aom enf;jzifh edp T f J onm ponfukd y,fjcif;udk NyD;apwwfueaom 7-yg;aom tEkyemwkYd onf tBuD;tr; jzpfMuayonf/ k f qkdcJhaom tjym;tm;jzifh 3-yg;aom y&dnmwkYd wif ocFg& y&dap'ac: emrly y&dap'PfEihf yp, G S y&d*[Pfukd omvQif NyD;ap&ao;aomaMumifh a,m*Donf wy&dnmudk omvQif &xm;ao;onf? rS wyg;aom wD&Py&dnm y[ey&dnmwkYd uvnf;&tyf (&oifh &xdu)uke\ (&atmif tm;xkwxu\)?xkYd aMumifh kd k f f f kd f wD&Py&dnm jzpfvwfaomf vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom (r*gr*) Pfonf jzpfay:\? (xd) f S k f k k wD&Py&dnmonfvnf; wy&dnm\ tjcm;rJ jzpf\? xkYd aMumifvnf; ]]xdk r*gr*P'e0do'ukd jynfpkH h h k d h apvdaom a,m*Donf taygif;tpkvuf oH;oyfaom (uvmyoroe) Pf tm;xkwjf cif;udk aS;OD;pGmytyf\}} k kd k [k ig qdcayonf/ k hJ 694/ xdk (uvmyoroePf) (qdvwH)onfum; (y#dor'gr*f) ygVd aywnf; k h d twdwf tem*wf ypKyef w&m;wkYd ukd tb,foYkd tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom (0gk f k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf&m) ynmonf oH;oyfqifjcifaom oroe (oH;oyfqifjcif&m) Pfrnf k f k k k oenf; twdwjf zpfap tem*wfjzpfap ypKyejf zpfap? ud,wi;jzpfap ud,y jzpfap? tMurf; k f G f k f jzpfap tEkjzpfap? t,kwjf zpfap tjrwfjzpfap? ta0; jzpfap teD; jzpfap tMuifwpHwckaom k kyfonfSd\? tvH;pHaom xdk kyukd rNrJ[k ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf\? oH;oyfqifjcifaom oroePf k k f k f k k wckaywnf;/ qif;&J[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\? oH;oyfqifjcifaom oroePf wckaywnf;/ k f k k tw r[kw[k ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf\? oH;oyf qifjcifaom oroePf wckaywnf;/ f k f k k (twdwjf zpfap/ y/ teD;jzpfap tMuifwpHwckaom a0'emonf S\) tvH;pHaom xdk k d k k a0'emudk (rNrJ[k ydi;jcm;qH; jzwf\? oroePf wckaywnf;/ y/ twdujf zpfap/ y / tvH;pHk k f k k aom xdonmud/y/ twdwjf zpfap/y/ tvH;pHaom xdocFg&wkYd ukd rNrJue[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\/ k k k k k k f k f k y/ twdwf jzpfap/ y/) tvH;pHaom xd0nmPfukd rNrJ[/ y/ twr[kw[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\? k k k d k f k f k oroePfwck aywnf;/ twdwf tem*wf ypKyef jzpfaom puK (rsufp)ud/ y/ Z&mr&P (tkjd cif; aojcif;)udk d k rNrJ[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\/ oroePfwck aywnf;/ qif;&J[/ y/ twr[kw[k ydi;jcm; k f k k f k f qH;jzwf\? oroePfwck aywnf;/ k twdwf tem*wf ypKyejf zpfaom kyonf ukeq;oGm;aom teuf oabmaMumifh rNrJ? f f kH aMumufz,f aumif;aom (ab;[laom) teuf oabmaMumifh qif;&J? tESpom&rSaom teuf G f d oabmaMumifh twr[kw[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oroePf rnf\? f k f k twdwf tem*wf ypKyejf zpfaom a0'emonf/y/ onmonf/ y/ ocFg&wkdYonf/ 0dnmPfonf/ puK (rsufp)onf/ y/ Z&mr&P (tdjk cif; aojcif;)onf/ y/ oroePf rnf\/ d twdwf tem*wf ypKyejf zpfaom kyonf rNrJ? aygif;pkytyfaom ocFw w&m;wnf;? f taMumif;udk pGrjzpf\? ukejf cif;oabmS\? ysufjcif;oabm S\? aysmufjy,fjcif; oabmS\? J DS d d d csKyfjcif;oabmS\-[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oroePf rnf\? d k k f k
91
a0'emonf/ (onmonf/ ocFg&wkYd onf/) 0dnmPfonf/ puKonf/ y/ Z&mr&Ponf rNrJ? aygif;pk ytyfaom ocFww&m;wnf;/ y/ csKyfjcif; oabmS\[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf d k f k aom ynmonf oroePf rnf\/ 243 Zmwd (b0topfjzpfjcif;) [laom taMumif;aMumifh Z&mr&P (tdjk cif; aojcif;) Sonf? ZmwdrSvQif Z&mr&P rS[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oroe d d d k f k Pf rnf\? twdwt"GeYf umvvnf;/ tem*wft"GeYf umvvnf; Zmwd[aom taMumif; f l aMumifh Z&mr&P Sonf? ZmwdrSvQif Z&mr&P rS[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom ynm d d d k f k onf oroePf rnf\/ b0[laom taMumif;aMumifh Zmwd Sonf/ y/ t0dZm [laom d taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd SMd uonf? t0dZmrSvQif ocFg&wdYk rSue[k tusOf;csKH; ydi;jcm; d d k f k f qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oroePf rnf\/ twdwf t"GeYf umvvnf;/ tem*wf t"GeYf umv k vnf; t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd SMd uonf? t0dZmrSvQif ocFg&wkYd rSue[k d d k f ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oroePf rnf\/ k f k xdo;oyf qifjcifronf odwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh Pfrnf\? tjym;tm;jzifh k kH I odwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh ynmrnf\/ xdYk aMumifh ]]twdwf tem*wf ypKyef w&m;wkYd ukd tusO;csK; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfaom ynmonf oH;oyf qifjcifaom oroePf rnf\}}[k f H k f k k qdtyf\/ wGif ygVd NyD;qH;onf/ k k ygVd ]]puKud/ y/ Z&mr&Pud}k } [k jrKyf jyxm;aom ay,smvjzifh ]]'Gg& 6-yg; tmkH 6-yg;wkYd Eihf k S wuG 'Gg&wkdY jzpfaom (0dnmPf 6-yg; z 6-yg; a0'em 6-yg; [laom) w&m;rsm; cEm-ig;yg; 'Gg& 6yg; tmkH 6-yg; 0dnmPf 6-yg; z 6-yg; a0'em 6 -yg; onm 6-yg; apwem 6-yg; wPSm 6-yg; 0dwuf 6-yg; 0dpm& 6-yg; "mwf 6-yg; uodP; (psmef) 10-yg; 32-yg;aom aum|mo tm,we 12-yg; k f "mwf 18-yg; aÈ 22-yg; "mwf 3-yg; b0 9-yg; (lyg0p&) psmef 4-yg; tyrnm 4-yg; tlyormywf 4-yg; y#dporkyg'ft*Fg 12-yg; [laom w&m;pk wkYd ukd csKH;xm;onf}} [k odtyf\/ rSeay\? y#dor'gr*f tbdan,seda'o f d &[ef;wkdY? tvHk;pHkudk aS;Iy odtyf\ (xl;jcm;pGmodtyf\)/ &[ef;wkYd ? tb,f tvHk;pHkudk aS;Iy odtyfoenf; rsufpdudk aS;Iy odtyf\? tqif;ud/ jrifr-puK k I 0dnmPfu/ jrifawGYrI puKorud/ jrifawGYrI puKor[laom taMumif;aMumifh csrf;om kd k jzpfap qif;&Jjzpfap rqif;&J rcsr;om tv,ftvwf jzpfap tMuif cHpm;rI a0'emonf f jzpfay:\? xdk cHpm;rI a0'emudvnf; aSI y odtyf\/ em;udk/ y/ BuHawGYr-raemor k I [laom taMumif;aMumifh csr;omjzpfap qif;&J jzpfap rqif;&J rcsr;om tv,ftvwf f f jzpfap tMuif cHpm;rI-a0'emonf jzpfay:\? xdcpm;rI a0'emudvnf; aS;Iy odtyf\/ k H k kyfudk/ y/ 0dnmPfudk/ rsufpdudk/ pdwfudk/ y/ tqif; wkYd u/ y/ oabmwkYd u/ puK kd kd 0dnmPfudk/y/ raem0dnmPfudk/ puKorudk/y/ raemorudk/ 244 puKoraMumifh jzpfaom a0'emud/ y/ raemoraMumifjh zpfaom a0'emud/ tqif;rSw-ly onmudk/ y/ k k f oabmrSe-"ronmud/ tqif; aphaqmfr-lyoaO wemud/ y/ oabm aphaqmfrf k I k I "roaOwemud/ tqif;qmrI-ly wPSmudk/ y/ oabmqmrI - "rwPSmud/ tqif;BuHrk k I ly0dwwfu/y/ oabmBuHr-"r0wufu/ tqif;pOf;pm;rI-ly0dpm&ud/y/ oabmpOf;pm;rIkd I d kd k "r0dpm&udk (aS;Iy odtyf\)/ yx0D"mwfu/ y/ 0dnmP"mwfu/ yx0DuodP; (psmef) ud/ y/ 0dnmPuodP; kd kd k f k k f (psmef)ud/ qHyifwYdk u/ y/ usifi,fu/ OD;aESmufukd (aS;Iy odtyf \)/ k kd kd pum,weud/ y/ "rm,weud/ puK"mwfu/ y/ raem"mwfu/ "r"mwfu/ k k kd kd kd raem0dnmP"mwfu/ puKaÈu/ y/ tnmwm0daÈudk (aS;Iy odtyf\)/ kd kd
92
umr"mwfudk/ ly"mwfudk/ tly"mwfudk/ umrb0udk/ lyb0udk/ tlyb0udk/ onmb0ud/ tonmb0ud/ ae0 onmemonmb0ud/ {ua0gum&b0ud/ pwka0g k k k k um&b0ud/ yOa0gum&b0udk (aS;Iy odtyf\)/ k yXrpsmefu/y/ pwkwpsmefu/ arwmapawm 0drwu/ y/ Oayumapawm 0drwu/ kd kd k d kd k d kd tmumomeOm,wepsmef ormywfu/y/ ae0onmemonm,wepsmef ormywfu/ t0dZm kd kd udk aS;Iy odtyf\/ y/ Z&mr&Pudk aS;Iy odtyf\}}[k a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ xdtvH;pH(aom tbdan,sw&m;taygif;)udk xdk tbdan,s eda'o qkconftwdi; tus,ftm;jzifh k k k d hJ h k f a[mxm;aomaMumifh ay,smvjzifh csKH;xm;onf/ txl;rSm odYk csKH;xm;aom (tbdan,s eda'o) vmaom avmukw&m w&m;wkYd uum; roH;oyfxuaomaMumifh 0dyemt&m r,ltyfue/ quf kd k kd f k f TeMf um;OD;tH-oH;oyfxuueaom tMuif (kyemrfw&m;)wkYd onf Sue\? xdk oH;oyfxuaom kyemrfw&m; h k dk f k f f d k f k kd f f wkYd wivnf; tMuif kyemrfw&m;wkYd onf tMuif yk*Kd vftm; xifm;uke\? csr;omvG,upm odr;qnf;EdiG f f S f f f l G f k f IEiuef\? xdk (xifm; vG,upm IEiaom) w&m;wkYd xdk yk*Kd vfonf oH;oyfjcif;-Ijcif;udk tm;xkwtyf kd f k S f l G kd f k f ytyf\/ 695/ xdo;oyfxuaom w&m;taygif;wkYd wif qdvwHonfum; cEmwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh tm;xkwykH k kH dk f G k h f f tpDt&ifukd ,SOapjcif;wnf;f ]]twdwfudkjzpfap/y/ tMuifwpHkwckaom kyfonf S\? tvH;pHaom xdyukd rNrJ-[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\? d k k k k f k f k oH;oyfqifjcifaom oroePf wckaywnf;/ qif;&J[?k tw r[kw-[k ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf\? oH;oyfqifjcif k f k f k k aom oroePf wckaywnf;}}-[laom rQaom tpDt&ifjzifh &[ef;onf ]]tMuif wpHkwckaomkyf}}[l odYk trSwrSaom tm;jzifh Tejf ytyfaom kytvH;pHudkvnf; ]]twDw-wduEihf tZw 'kupaom av;ckaom f d f k k f S f 'kufwkdY}} [laom 11-yg;aom XmewkYd jzifh ydi;jcm; tvH;pHaom kyukd rNrJ-[k ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\? rNrJ-[k k f k k f k f k oH;oyf qifjcif\/ k tb,foYdk enf;[lr aemuf a[mxm;aom enf;jzifyifwnf;/ rSeay\? ]]twdwf tem*wf ypKyef l h f jzpfaom kyonf ukeq;oGm;aom teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ}}-[laom pum;udk (aemuf) a[mawmfrl (tyf) f f kH ay\/ xkYd aMumifh a,m*D &[ef;onf twdwb0 jzpfaom tMuifyonf Sc\? xdk kyonf twdwb0 f k f d hJ f f omvQif ukeq;oGm;cJ\? ypKyeb0okYd ra&mufvmacs? odYk ukeq;oGm;aom teuf oabmaMumifh rNrJ[k f kH h f f kH oH;oyf qifjcif\/ k tem*wfjzpfaom tMuifyonf tjcm;rJb0 jzpfvwH?h xdyonfvnf; xdk tem*wf b0 omvQif k f h k k f ukeq;oGm;vwH?h xkrwyg;aom aemufb0odYk roGm;a&mufvwH?h odYk ukeq;oGm;aom teuf oabmaMumifh f kH d S f kH rNrJ[k oH;oyf qifjcif\/ k ypKyejf zpfaom tMuifyonf S\? xdyonfvnf; b0 omvQif ukeq;oGm; vwH?h b0rS k f d k k f f kH (aemufb0odYk ) roGm;a&mufvwH?h odYk ukeq;oGm;aom teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ[k oH;oyf qifjcif\/ f kH k ud,wi; jzpfaom tMuifyonf S\? xdyonfvnf; ud,wi;omvQif ukeq;oGm;\? tjyifykyf k f G f k f d k k f k f G f f kH tjzpfoYkd ra&mufacs? odYk ukeq;oGm;aom teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ[k oH;oyf qifjcif\/ f kH k ud,yjzpfaom tMuifyonf/ y/ Murf;wrf;aom/ y/ El;nHorarGYaom/ y/ ,kwnaom/ y/ aumif; k f k f h d f f hH jrwfaom/ y/ a0;aom/ y/ eD;aom tMuifkyfonf S\? xdyonfvnf; xdk teD;omvQif ukeq; oGm;\? d k k f f kH ta0;kytjzpfoYkd ra&mufacs? odYk ukeq;oGm;aom teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ[k oH;oyf qifjcif\/ f f kH k
93
qkcaom oH;oyfqifjcifrI tvH;pHonf ]]ukeq;oGm;aom teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ}} [laom Iy\ d hJ k k k f kH kH tpGr;tm;jzifh wckaom oroePf rnf\? tjym;tm;jzifrum; 11-yg; tjym;Sd\/ f h l xdrwyg; .... twdwpaom tvH;pHomvQif jzpfaom xdyonf ab; [laom teuf oabmaMumifh k S f k k k k f qif;&Jwnf;/ ]]ab; [laom teufoabmaMumif}h } [lonfum; aMumufrufz,f aumif;aomab; Sonf\ tjzpf G d aMumifh ([k qdv\)/ rSeay\? rNrJaom w&m;onf oDa[myrokw ewfjA[m wkYd rmuJoYkd aMumufz,ab;udk k kd f f S h G f aqmifwwf jzpfapwwf\/ odYk vQif qif;&J[k oH;oyfrI onfvnf; ]]ab; [laom teufoabmaMumifh k qif;&J}}[laom IyHk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wckaom oroePf rnf\? tjym;tm;jzifrum; 11-yg; tjym;Sd\/ f h l xdrwyg; .... qif;&JrnfouJoYkd xdYk twlyif xdyf tvH;pHonfvnf; tESpom& rSaom teufoabm k S h k k k k f d aMumifh tew-tw r[kwf/ ]]tESpom& rSaom teufoabmaMumif}h } [lonfum; ]]tw [lonf (omrD-cEm f d tdrf\ ydiiwnf;) ed0goD-cEmtdru ysufp;oGm;aomfvnf; oluysufp;jcif; rSbJ cEmtdrwckcx tNrJ k f S f f D D d f k J wnfaeolwnf;? um&u-oGm;jcif;ponf jrifjcif;ponf tvH;pHaom trlt&mudk ywwfaom olwnf;? a0'uk k taumif; tqd;udk cHpm;wwfownf;? o,H0oD-rdr\ tvdtwdi; NyD;apEdiownf;}} [l odYk omoemawmfrS k l d k k f k f l tjyifyjzpfaom wdwwYdk BuHqxm;aom twaumif [laom tESpom& rSjd cif;aMumihf ([k qdv\)/ rSeay\? d f k kd f tMuifw&m;onf rNrJqif;&J\? xdrNrJ qif;&Jaom w&m;onf rdr\aomfvnf; rNrJjcif;udaomfif; tjzpftysufu k d k ESypufjcif;udaomfif; wm;jrpfjcif;iSg rpGr;Edi?f xdw&m;rSm ywwfol ponf\ tjzpfonf tb,frSm SdygtHhenf;/ d f k f k k xkYd aMumifh jrwfpmbk&m;onf G ]]&[ef;wkdY? kyfonf tpdk;&aom twaumif [kwfjim;tHh? ojYkd zpfvQif kyonf ESypufjcif;iSg rjzpf f d f wefav&m}}[k odYk ponfukd a[mawmfr\/ odkYvQif twr[kwf[k oHk;oyfrIonfvnf; 246 ]]tESpf l om& rSaom teufoabmaMumifh tw r[kw}f } [laom Iy\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wckaom oroePf rnf\? d kH f tjym;tm;jzifh rlum; 11-yg; tjym;S\/ a0'emtpSonf wkYd vnf; enf;yifwnf;/ d d 696/ xyf a[mjcif;\ taMumif;um; .... tedp- rNrJaomw&m;onf ude;aorkcs tm;jzifh ocFwponf f tjym;Sd\? xkYd aMumifh xdk tedp-rNrJ [laomyk'\ a00kpy&d,m,f pum;vS,wYdk ukd jyjcif;tusKd;iSgif; txl; f f f xl;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh ESv;oGi;rI jzpfyukd jyjcif;tusKd;iSgif; ]]twdwf tem*wf ypKyef jzpfaom kyonf kH f kH f rNrJ? aygif;pk ytyfaom ocFww&m;wnf;? taMumif;udk pGr jzpf\? ukejf cif;oabmS\? ysufjcif;oabmS\? J DS d d aysmufjy,fjcif; oabmS\? csKyfjcif; oabmSd\}} [laom ygVdukd wzefxyf a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ a0'emponf d l wkYd vnf; enf;yifwnf;/
tjcif;t&m 40-wkdYjzifhIyHk
697/ xda,m*Donf 5-yg;aom cEmwkYd rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k oH;oyfaom xdoroePf\ k f k k yifvQif NrJNrHcicjhH cif; tusKd;iSg bke;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpmbk&m;onf kd f f G ]]tb,fav;q,faom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh (tEkavmrducED rnfaom) t&d,mr*f tm;avsmfaom tEkavmrPfu&oenf;? tb,f av;q,faom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh ude;ao kd f NrJaom oabmrSef (orwe,mr rnfaom t&d,mr*f)odYk oufa&muf oenf;}} [laom d ar;cGe;\ tajzjzpfaom a0befcsu f f ig;yg;aom cEmwkYd ukd rNrJ[k (Ijrifvwfaomf) qif;&J[k a&m*g[k tdi;trm[k ajimif[k raumif;rI[k k f h zsm;em[k tjyifyolpr;[k tvGeysufonf[k ab;&ef[k Oy'a0g[k aMumufz,ab;[k uyfNidaom taESmuf d f f G f t,Su[k wkevyonf[k ysufv,onf[k rcdic[k rapmifaSmuf[k yke;atmif;&m r[kw[k ud;uG,&m f f I f G f k f hH h f f k f r[kw[k uif;onf[k tcsnf;ES;[k qdwoO;onf[k twr[kw[k tjypf[k azmufjyefjcif; oabmSonf[k f D f k f f d tESprS[k raumif;rI\ tjrpft&if;[k olowform;[k BuD;yGg; pnfyifjcif; uif;onf[k tmoa0gESiwuG f d hf jzpfonf[k aygif;pk ytyfonf[k olowform;-rm&fwYdk\ owfp&mtpm[k jzpfjcif; oabmSonf[k tdjk cif; d oabm Sonf[k emjcif;oabmSonf[k aojcif;oabm Sonf[k pd;&drz,f oabm[k ida<u;zG,f oabm[k d d d k f G k
94
jyif;pGmylyefz,f oabm[k udavom wkYd \ pG&mrS&m tmkoabm[k (Ijrifvwf aomf) odYk vQif av;q,faom G J D H tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh ]]ig;yg;aom cEmwkYd ukd rNrJ-[k Ijrifvwfaomf (Ijrifvsuf) t&d,mr*ftm;avsmfaom tEkavmrPfukd &\? ig;yg;aom cEmwkYd \ csKyfjcif;onf NrJaom edAmefwnf;[k Ijrif vwfaomf (Ijrifvsu) ude;aoNrJaom oabmrSef (orw ed,mr rnfaom t&d,m r*f)odYk f f oufa&muf\}} [k .... odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh tEkavmrPfukd a0befawmfrvsuf tao;pdwf tus,ftjym;tm;jzifh tMuif d l tedp ponfjzifh oH;oyfjcif;udk a[mawmfrl (tyf)\? xdtedp ponfjzifh oH;oyfjcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifvnf; k k k f h ig;yg;aom cEmwkYd ukd oH;oyf\/ k 247 698/ tb,fodkY enf;[lrl xda,m*Donf wyg;wyg;aom cEmudk ysufjcif; [laom tqH;udk k k rvGefaomaMumifhif; tpESifh tqHk;S aomaMumifif; tedp-rNrJ[k oH;oyf\ (1)/ jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;wkYd u rjywf d h k ESypufaomaMumifif; qif;&J\wnf&m 0wK jzpfaomaMumifif; 'ku-qif;&J[k oH;oyf\ (2)/ tpm t0wf d f h h k paom ypn;wkYd jzifh rQwap&aomaMumifif; a&m*gwkYd \ rlv&if; jzpfaomaMumifif; (pGuyfaeaom) a&m*g(ESihf f h h J wlonf) [k oH;oyf\ (3)/ 'ku 3-rsKd; [laom emusiuucjJ cif;ESihf ,SOaomaMumifif; udavom [laom k f kd f f h oeH&nf jynfyywYdkukd ,dxuapaom aMumifif; jzpfjcif; &ifjh cif; ysujf cif;wkYd jzifh zl;zl;a&mif rSn&ifNh yD;vQif k f k G f h hf aygufuwwfaomaMumifif; tdi;trm (ESihf wlonf)[k oH;oyf\ (4)/ ESypufjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaomaMumifif; JG h k f k d f h twGi; xd;qGwwfaomaMumifif; EIwy,fEicaomaMumifif; (pl;0ifaeaom) ajimifh (ESiwonf)[k oH;oyf\ f k h f kd f J h hf l k (5)/ uJ&YJ tyf uJ&UJ xduaomaMumifif; tusKd;rJh ysup;jcif;udk aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwfaomaMumifif; raumif; h h k f h f D h rI\ wnf&m 0wKjzpfaomaMumifif; raumif;rI (ESiwonf)[k oH;oyf\ (6)/ ud,tvdwi; rjzpfjcif;udk h hf l k k f k kd f jzpfapwwfaomaMumifif; zsm;emjcif;\ eD;aom taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifif; zsm;emrI (ESiwonf) [k oH;oyf \ h h hf l k (7)/ tvdtwdi; rjzpfaomaMumifif; rpDrH rcefYcEiaomaMumifif; tjyifyolpr; (ESiwonf) [k oH;oyf\ k k f h JG kd f h d f hf l k (8)/ emjcif; tkjd cif; aojcif;wkYd jzifh tBuD;tus,f ysup;wwfaomaMumifh tvGeysufp;wwfonf-[k oH;oyf\ f D f D k (9)/ rsm;pGmaom ysup;jcif; (Asoe)wkYd ukd aqmifwwf-jzpfapwwfaomaMumifh ab;&ef-[k oH;oyf\ (10)/ f D k udwif rod&onfom jzpfueaom jyefYajymBuD;us,ueaom tusK;rJwYdkukd aqmifwwf-jzpfap k f f k f d h wwfaomaMumifif; tvH;pHaom Oy'a0gwkYd \ wnf&m0wK jzpfaomaMumifif; tvH;pHaom Oy'a0gwkdY\ h k k h k k wnf&m0wK jzpfaomaMumifif; Oy'a0g-[k oH;oyf\ (11)/ tvH;pHaom ab;wkYd \ jzpfay:&m ab;wGi;ozG,f h k k k f jzpfaomaMumifif; qif;&JNidr;jcif;[k qktyfaom jrwfaom oufom&m\ qefYusibuf jzpfaomaMumifif; h f d f h aMumufz,ab;-[k oH;oyf\ (12)/ rsm;pGmaom tusKd;rJwYdk tpOfvuygvmaomaMumifif; &m* tpSaom G f k h kd f h d tjypfa'gowkYd Eihf uyfNidv;vJaomaMumifif; yl;uyfaom tarSmifya,m*uJoYkd yif vufc&ef rxduwefaom S l h h h H k f aMumifif; uyfNidaom taESmift,Su-[k oH;oyf\ (13)/ emjcif; tkjd cif; aojcif;wdYk jzifif; vmbf&jcif; vmbf h h f k h r&jcif; tpSaom avmu"Hw&m;wkYd jzifif; wkevyaomaMumifh wkevyonf- [k oH;oyf\ (14)/ ysufpD;atmif d h f I f f I f k yvkytm;xkwjf cif;jzifif; rdr\ oabmtwdi; tvdtavsmuftm;jzifif; ysufp;jcif;odYk a&mufwwfaomaMumifh f h d k f k h D ysufv,onf[k oH;oyf\ (15)/ cyfor;aom tcdutwefYwYdk vJyduswwf-ysufp;wwfaomaMumifif; cdichH G f k d f k f D h k f onf\tjzpf rSaomaMumifif; rcdic[k oH;oyf\ (16)/ rapmifaSmufwwfaomaMumifif; ab;Nidr;jcif;udk d h k f hH k h h f &Edi&m r[kwaomaMumifif; rapmifaSmufwwf-[k oH;oyf\ (17)/ rSuyf yke;atmif;jcif;iSg rxduwefaom k f f h h k D f k f aMumifif; rSuyf yke;atmif;aom olwYkd tm;vnf; yke;atmif;&m udpukd rywwfaomaMumifif; yke;atmif;&m h D f f h f r[kw[k oH;oyf\ (18)/ rScvmaom olwYkd tm; ab;udk y,fazsmufwwfonf\ tjzpfrSaomaMumifh ud;uG,&m f k D kd d k f r[kw[k oH;oyf\ (19)/ AmvykxZOfwYdk BuHpnf,qxm;onftwdi; cdiNf rJonf\tjzpf wifw,fonf\tjzpf f k k l h k f k h csr;omonf\tjzpf tw\ tjzpfwYdkrS uif;aomaMumifh uif;onf[k oH;oyf\ (20)/ f k uif;onf\ tjzpfaMumifyifvQif tcsnf;ES;[k oH;oyf\? wenf;um; ao;EkyaomaMumifh tcsnf;ES; [k h D k f D oH;oyf\/ rSeay\? tao;tEkyuvnf; avmu tcsnf;ES;[l qdtyf\ (21)/ omrD-cEmtdr\ydkifSif ed0goD k f f kd D k f -cEmtdrx tNrJwnfaeol um&u-yvkywwfaomol a0'u-cHpm;wwfaomol t"d|m,u-pDrcefYcJG f J f H wwfaomol ([k xifrw&aom tw)rS uif;aomaMumifh qdwoO;onf[k oH;oyf\ (22)/ rdrdudk,wivnf; S f f k f k f dk f omrD-cEmtdr\ ydiitjzpf ponf rSaomaMumifh tew-twaumifr[kwf [k oH;oyf\ (23)/ rjywfjzpfjcif; f k f S f d k -qif;&J jzpfaomaMumifif; (xd) qif;&Jonf tjypfa'go jzpfaomaMumifif; tjypff [k oH;oyf\/ wenf;um; h k h k
95
tvGef txD;usefvsuf qif;&JEr;y;gpGm oGm;wwf jzpfwwf\? xdYk aMumifh tm'De0 rnf\? trnfonf G f txD;usefaom ol\ trnfwnf;? cEmwkYd onfvnf; txD;usefvsuf qif;&JEr;yg;ukeonfomwnf;? odYk G f f txD;usefvsuf qif;&JEr;yg;aomolEihf wlaomaMumifh qif;&JEr;yg;onf [k oH;oyf\ (24)/ tdjk cif;ESihf aojcif; G f S G f k [laom ESprsK;ESpaxGtm;jzifh ajymif;vJ azmufjyefjcif;oabm SaomaMumifh azmufjyefjcif;oabm Sonf[k f d f d d oH;oyf\ (25)/ tm;enf;onf\ tjzpfaMumifif; tumuJoYkd vG,upm csKd;zsufEionf\ tjzpfaMumifif; k h h f l G kd f h tESpfrSd[k oH;oyf\ (26)/ raumif;rI\ taMumif;&if; jzpfaomaMumifh raumif;rI\ tjrpft&if; [k oH;oyf\ k k (27)/ 248 rdwaqGa,mif aqmifaom &efouoYkd tuRrf;0ifoukd (t,Hoi;) owfwwfaomaMumifh olowf f l hJ l k G f orm; (ESiwonf) [k oH;oyf\ (28)/ BuD;yGg;pnfyifjcif; uif;aomaMumifif; oabmwltaMumif; ysufp;NyD;rS hf l k h D jzpfaomaMumifif; BuD;yGg;pnfyifjcif; uif;onf [k oH;oyf\ (29)/ tmoa0g w&m;wkYd \ eD;aom taMumif; h k jzpfaomaMumifh tmoa0gESiwuG jzpfonf [k oH;oyf\ (30)/ hf k rlv taMumif;ESihf taxmuftyHtaMumif;wkYd u aygif;pk ytyfaomaMumifh aygif;pk ytyfonf[k h oH;oyf\ (31)/ aojcif;w&m;[laom rpKrm&f udavom[laom udavorm&fwYdk\ owfp&m tpmjzpfaom k aMumifh olowform;- rm&fwYdk\ owfp&m tpm [k oH;oyf\ (32)/ jzpfjcif; tdjk cif; emjcif; aojcif; oabm k SaomaMumifh jzpfjcif;oabmSonf[k tdjk cif;oabm Sonf[k emjcif; abmSonf[k aojcif;oabm Sonf[k d d d d d oH;oyf\ (33-34-35-36)/ pd;&drjf cif; ida<u;jcif; jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;wkYd \ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh pd;&drz,f k k k k f G oabm[k ida<u;zG,f oabm[k jyif;pGm ylyefz,oabm [k oH;oyf\ (37-38-39)/ wPSm (qmavmifr) 'd|k G f k I d (rSm;aomt,l) 'kpku-(raumif;aomtusi)[laom npfnL;aMumif; udavomwkYd \ tmkH oabmjzpfaom d f hf aMumifh udavomwkYd \ pGr&m tmkH oabm [k oH;oyf\ (40)/ odYk vQif tao;pdwf tus,ftjym;tm;jzifh J DS k a[mawmfrl (tyf)aom tedp ponf oH;oyfjcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh oH;oyf\/ k f k 40 -aom oH;oyfjcif;wdYk wif rNrJ[k (oH;oyf\) tvGef ysufp;onf[k wkevyonf[k ysufv,f k G k D f I f G onf[k rcdic[k azmufjyefjcif; oabmSonf[k tESprS[k BuD;yGg; pnfyifjcif; uif;onf[k aygif; ytyf k f hH d f d onf[k aojcif;oabmSonf[k (oH;oyf\) [l wyg;wyg;aom cEm 10-yg;pDy 50-aom tedpmEkyem d k wkYd jzpfue\/ k f tjyifvpr;[k (oH;oyf\) uif;onf[k tcsnf;ES;[k qdwoO;onf[k twr[kw[k (oH;oyf\) l d f k D f k f f k [l wyg;wyg;aom cEm 5-yg;pD y 25-yg;aom tewmEkemwkYd jzpfue\/ k f <uif;ukeaom ]]qif;&J[k (oH;oyf\) a&m*g[k (oH;oyf\)}} odkY tpSdaom oHk;oyfrI wkdYudk wyg; f k k wyg;aom cEm 25-yg;pDy 125-yg;aom 'kumEkyemwkYd jzpfue\/ k f qdcaomenf;jzifh 200-tjym;Saom tedp ponfjzifh oH;oyfjcif;jzifh 5-yg;aom cEmwkYd ukd k hJ d k oH;oyfqifjcifaom xda,m*D \ e,0dyem[k qktyfaom tedp 'ku tewtm;jzifh oH;oyfaom xdoroe k k d k k Pfonf NrJNrHcichH oGm;ay\/ qdcNhJ yD;onfum; t&m ygVdenf;udk tpOfavQmuf oH;oyftm;xkwykH tpD kd f k k f t&ifwnf;/
96
aÈxufaMumif; 9-yg;
699/ tMuify*Kd vfrmrlum; qkconfh twdi; e,0dyemjzifh tm;xkwjf cif;udk yaomfvnf; e, k S d hJ k f 0dyemonf rjynfpyJ Sjd im;tH?h xda,m*Donf ]]9-yg;aom taMumif;wkYd jzifh aÈwYdkonf xufjrufwwfue\ h kH k k f -jzpfwi; jzpfwi;aom (Iqyemrf) ocFg&wkYd \ ukejf cif; (ysufjcif;)udomvQif I\ (1)? xdoYkd I&mvnf; kd f dk f J k f k k kaopGmyjcif;jzifvnf; (0dyemPfu) NyD;ap\ (2)? rjywfyjcif;jzifvnf; NyD;ap\ (3)? avsmufywfonfukd d h kd h yjcif;jzifvnf; NyD;ap\ (4)? orm"d\ taMumif; edrwukd (rSw) ,ljcif;jzifvnf; NyD;ap\ (5)? aAmZifwYdk ukd h d f f h avsmpmjzpfapjcif;jzifvnf; NyD;ap\ (6)? ud,if; toufif; riJruGuf (tm;xkw)jcif;udk jzpfap\ (7)? f G h k f h f xd(odYk ud,Eihf touf riJuuyJ aÈwYdk ukd xufjrufonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufap&m)vnf; (jzpfay:vmaom k k f S h G f qif;&Ju) ysi;&drrS xGuajrmufaom vHYk vjzifh vTr;rd;NyD;ap\ (8)? (w&m;rjynfpr) tMum;umvtqH;rowf kd f I f f k h kH D k r&yfrem;jcif;jzifvnf; NyD;ap\ (9)}}-[l odkY rdefYqkdxm;aom 9-yg;aom taMumif;wdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh aÈ h f wdYk ukd xufjrufatmif yNyD;vQif yx0DuodP;udk tus,fjy&m (yx0DuodP eda'o) qdcaom enf;jzifh 7-yg; k f k hJ aom toyg, (ravsmufywfonf) wkYd ukd BuOfaSmif 7 -yg;aom oyg, (avsmufywfonf)wkYd ukd rS0vsuf D J &Hcgkyfudk oHk;oyftyf\? &Hcg emrfukd oH;oyftyf\/ kyfudk oHk;oyfvQif kyf\ jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\/ k
kyf\jzpfjcif;udk IyHktjcif;t&m
249 700/ kyf\jzpfyum; ..... kyfrnfonfum; uHponfwdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 4-yg;aom taMumif; kH wdYkaMumifjh zpfay:\/ xdwif tvH;pHaom ow0gwkYd tm; kyjf zpfay:vQif aS;OD;pGm uHaMumifjh zpfay:\/ csJYjy&vQif k G k k .... y#doaEcPyifvQif trd0rf; ude;aom *Aao,su yk*Kd vfwYkd tm; 3- ckaom kyuvmyf tpOf\ tpGr; f f f tm;jzifh 0wK'ou um,'ou bm0'ou [kac:aom 30-aom kywYdk onf jzpfay:uke\? xdywYkd onfvnf; f f k k f y#doaEpw\ Oyg'fcPyifvQif jzpfay:uke\? Oyg'fcPuJoYkd xdYk twlyif XDcPvnf; jzpfay:uke\? bif d f f h f cPvnf; jzpfay:uke\/ f xdkwGif kyonf aES;aom csKyfjcif;S\? av;aom tvSnhf tjyef\? pdwonf vsifaom csKyfjcif; S\? f d dS f d ayghaom tvSnfhtjyefSd\/ xdYk aMumifh ]]&[ef;wdYk ? pdwonf ayghaom tvSntjyef SouJoYkd twlyif ayghaom f hf d h tvSntjyefaom tjcm;wyg;aom w&m; wckurQaomfvnf; ig rjrifay}}[k a[mawmf hf dS kd rl\/ rSeay\? kyonf wnfNrJ wnfaepOfyifvQif b0ifpwonf 16-Budrwiwif jzpfay:NyD; csKyf\/ pdwf f f dS d f f kd f kd \ Oyg'fcPonfif; XDcPonfif; bifcPonfif; wxyfwnf; wl\/ kyrmrlum; Oyg'fcP bifcPwkYd onf f S omvQif ayghyg;vsifjrefue\ (wkue\)/ xdpw\ Oyg'fcP bifcPwkYd Eihf wlue\? (if;\) XDcPonf k f d k f k d f S k f um;BuD;\ (Snf\)? tMuifrQavmuf umvywfv; 16-Budraom pdwwYkd onf jzpfay:NyD; csKyfue\? xdrQ kH f f k f k avmuf umvywfv; (ky\ XDcPonf) jzpfvsuf wnfvsuf S\/ y#doaEpw\ Oyg'fcPjzpf XDoYkd kH f d d f a&mufaom aS;OD;jzpfEiaom [',0wKkyur; ESpcajrmuf (pdw) jzpfaom (yXr) b0ifpwonf jzpfay:\/ S hf f kd DS f k f d f xdb0ifpwEihf twlwuG jzpfay: XDoYkd a&mufaom aS;OD;jzpfEiaom [',0wKkyur 3-ckajrmuf (pdw) k d f S S hf f kd DS f jzpfaom ('kw,) b0ifpwonf jzpfay:\/ enf;jzifh toufxufq; pdw\tqufquf rjywfjzpfjcif;udk d d f kH f odtyf\/ txl;um; aocgeD;aomoltm; XDoYkd a&mufaom aS;OD;jzpfEiaom [',0wKkyf wckwnf;udomvQif S hf k rSD 16-Budraom pdwwYkd onf jzpfay:uke\/ f f f y#doaEpw\ Oyg'fcP jzpfay:aom kyonf y#doaEpwrS aemufumv 16-ckajrmuf jzpfaom pdwf d f f d f ESiwuG (ydiw) csKyf\? (y#doaEpw\) XDcP jzpfay:aom kyonf 17-ckajrmuf pdw\ Oyg'fcPESiwuG hf f l d f f f hf csKyf\? (y#doaEpw\) bifcP jzpfay:aom kyonf 17-ckajrmuf pdw\ XDcPodYk a&muf csKyf\/ tMuifrQ d f f f avmuf umvywfv; (kyemrfcEmtpOf oHo&m\) tqufquf rjywfjzpfjcif; rnfonf\? xdrQavmuf kH f dS k umvywfv; twlyifvQif tqufquf rjywfjzpfom;\/ Oyygwf yk*Kd vfwYkd tm;vnf; 7-ckaom kyuvmyf kH G f tpOfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh 70-aom kywYdk onf twlyifvQif tqufquf rjywf jzpfue\/ f f k f
97
701/ xdk (odYk uHaMumifh kyjf zpf&m) (1) uH? (2) urork|mef-(uHaMumifh jzpfaomw&m;) (3) uryp,(uHtaxmuftyHh Saomw&m;)? (4) uryp, pdwork|mef-uHtaxmuftyHonfh pdwaMumifjh zpfaom w&m;)? d h dS f (5) uryp, tm[m&ork|mef-(uHtaxmuftyHh Sonfh tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaomw&m;)? (6) uryp,Owk d ork|mef-(uHtaxmuftyHh Sonfh OwkaMumifjh zpfaom w&m;) [laom cGjJ crf;a0befjcif;udk odtyf\/ xdkwGif d uH rnfonfum; ukovf tukovf apwemwnf;/ urork|meff rnfonfum; 0dygufcEm emrfw&m;wkYd Eihf kd kd S puK'ou tpSaom 70-wdwdkyf taygif;wnf;/ uryp,rnfonfum;if; (urork|mef emrfy) yifwnf;/ d k f rSeay\? uHonf uHaMumifh jzpfaom emrfy\ taxmuftyHtaMumif;vnf; jzpfay\/ uryp,pdw ork|mef f k f h rnfonfum; 0dygufpwaMumifh jzpfaom kywnf;/ uryp,tm[m&ork|mef rnfonfum; 250 uHaMumifh d f f jzpfaom kywYdk wif XDoYkd a&mufaom MoZmkyonf wyg;aom MoZ|ru (MoZmvQif Spcajrmufaom) kyf f G f f k dS taygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? xdk MoZ|ru kytaygif;vnf; MoZm kyonf XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf wyg;aom f f MoZ|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfapjyef\? odYk aom enf;jzifh av;quf ig;qufaom jzpfpOfwYdk ukd qufpyfap\/ f uryp, Owk ork|mef rnfonfum; urZawaZm"mwfonf XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf OwkaMumifjh zpfaom MoZ|ru kyftaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? xdMk oZ|ru kytaygif;vnf; Owkonf wyg;aom MoZ|ru kyf taygif;udk jzpfap f jyef\? odYk aom enf;jzifh av;quf ig;qufaom jzpfpOfwYdkukd qufpyfap\? odYk vQif urZ ky\ jzpfay: f jcif;udk Ityf\/ 702/ pdwZ-pdwaMumifh jzpfaom w&m;wkYd vnf; (1) pdw?f (2) pdwork|mef-(pdwaMumifh jzpfaomw&m;)? f f (3) pdwyp,-(pdwtaxmuftyHh Saomw&m;)? (4) pdwyp, tm[m&ork|mef-(pdwf taxmuftyHh Sonfh f d d tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaomw&m;)? (5) pdwyp, Owkork|mef-(pdwtaxmuftyHonfh OwkaMumifjh zpfaom w&m;) f h dS [laom cGjJ crf;a0befjcif;udk odtyf\/ xdkwGif pdwf rnfonfum; 89-yg;aom pdwwYkd wnf;/ f xdpwwYkd wif 32-yg;aom pdwwYkd onf kyf &d,mykxf 0dnwfukd jzpfapuke\/ 26-yg;aom pdwf k d f G f f wdYk onf kyf &d,mykxuom jzpfapwwfue\? 19-yg;aom pdwwYdk onf kyuom jzpfapuke\? 16-yg;aom f kd k f f f kd f pdwwYdk onf kyf &d,mykxf 0dnwfukd rjzpfapwwfuef [lodtyf\/ f k csJYjy&vQif .. umrm0p&pdwf 54-ckxJrS ukodkvfpdwf 8-ck tukodkvfpdwf 12-ck raem"mwfrS wyg;aom ud&,mpdwf 10-ck ukodkvf ud&d,m tbdnmOfpdwf 2-ck [laom 32-yg;aom pdwwYdk onf kyuif; &d,mykxf d f f kd udif; 0dnwfuif; jzpfapwwfue\/ k kd k f 0dyguf (ESihf tbdnmOf) MuOfaom <uif;aom lyg0p& (ukovf ud&,m) pdwf 10-ck tlyg0p& kd d (ukovu&,m) pdwf 8-ck avmukw&mpdwf 8-ck [laom 26-yg;aom (tyemaZm) pdwwYdk onf kyuif; kd f d d f f kd &d,mykxuif; jzpfapwwfue\? 0dnwfuum; rjzpfapwwfue/ f kd k f kd k f umr0p& b0ifpwf 10-ck lyg0p&b0ifpdwf 5-ck raem"mwf 3-ck t[dw0yguf aomreo[*kwf d f d raem0dnmP"mwf 1-ck [laom 19-yg;aom pdwwYdk onf kyuomvQif jzpfapwwfue\/ &d,mykxuif; f f kd k f f kd 0dnwfuif; rjzpfapwwfue/ kd k f a'G;yO0nmPf 10-ck cyfor;aom ow0gwkYd \ y#doaEpwf &[EmwkYd \ pkwdpdwf tly0dygufpdwf 4d d f d ck [laom 16-yg;aom pdwwYkd onf kyuif; &d,mykxuif; 0dnwfuif; rjzpfapwwfue/ f f kd f kd kd k f pdwwYdk wif kyujkd zpfapwwfaom pdwwYdk onf XDcPif; bifcPif; rjzpfapwwf&ef? taMumif; f G f f rlum; .... xdkXDcP bifcPwkYd pdwonf tm;enf;aomaMumifaywnf;/ Oyg'fcPrlum; pdwonf tm;BuD;\? f h f xkYd aMumifh pdwonf xdOyg'fcP omvQif aS;OD;jzpfEiaom [',0wKkyukd rS kyukd jzpfay:apwwf\/ f k S hf f D f pdwork|mef rnfonfum; 3-yg;aom emrfcEmwkYd Eihf ]]o'e0u toHvQif 9-ckajrmuf Saom kyf S d taygif; um,0dnwf 0pD0nwf tmumo"mwf v[kwm rk'wm urnwm Oyp, oEw}d } [laom 17-yg; d k tjym;Sdoaom kyfaywnf;/ pdwyp,rnfonfum; ]]aemufrS jzpfueaom pdwapwoduf w&m;wkYd onf aS;OD; k f f jzpfEiaom kyu,tm; (ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;y\)}}[k odYk a[mxm;aom taMumif; 4-yg;aMumifh S hf f dk f jzpfaom kyaywnf;/ pdwyp, tm[m& ork|mefrnfonfum; pdwZkywYkd wif 251 XDoYkd a&mufaom MoZmonf f f G wyg;aom MoZ|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? odYk aom enf;jzifh ESpquf oH;qufaom jzpfpOfwYdkukd f f k
98
qufpyfap\/ pdwyp,Owkork|mefrnfonfum; pdwaMumifh jzpfaom Owkonf XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf wyg;aom f MoZ|rukyf taygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? odYk aomenf;jzifh ESpqufo;qufaom jzpfpOfwYdkukd qufpyfap\/ odkY f kH vQif pdwZky\ jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\/ f 703/ tm[m&Z-tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaom w&m;wkYd vnf; (1) tm[m&? (2) tm[m&ork|mef-(tm[m& aMumifh jzpfaomky)? (3) tm[m&yp,-(tm[m& taxmuftyHh Saomky)? (4) tm[m&yp, tm[m&ork|meff d f (tm[m& taxmuftyHonfh tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaomky)? (5) tm[m&yp,Owkork|mef-(tm[m& taxmuf h dS f tyHh Sonfh OwkaMumifjh zpfaomky) [laom cGjJ crf; a0befjcif;udk odtyf\/ xdkwGif tm[m& rnfonfum; d f tvkytavGY ytyfaom (tqDtESpf MoZmtpm) tm[m&wnf;/ tm[m& ork|mef rnfonfum; Oyg'dE (avmuD f uH\tusK;) jzpfaom urZ (blw) ky[aom taxmuftyHu& xdk (urZ blwky) wnf XDoYkd a&mufaom d f l h kd f MoZmu jzpfay:aptyfaom MoZ|ru kytaygif; tmumo"mwf v[kwm rk'wm urnwm Oyp, oEwd f k [laom 14-yg; tjym;Sdaom tm[m&Zkyfwnf;/ tm[m&yp,rnfonfum; ]]tvkyavGY ytyfaom tm[m& f onf kyu,tm; tm[m& yp,owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\}}[k odYk a[mxm;aom taMumif; 4-yg;aMumifh f kd f jzpfaom (pwkork|mef) kywnf;/ tm[m&yp, tm[m& ork|mefrnfonfum; tm[m&ZkywYkd wif XDoYkd f f G a&mufaom MoZmonf wyg;aom MoZ|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? xdk MoZ|ru kytaygif;vnf; f f MoZmonf wyg;aom MoZm|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfay:apjyef\? odYk aom enf;jzifh 10-Budrf 12-Budrf wdiwif f k f kd jzpfpOfukd qufpyfap\/ waeY (wBudr) oH;aqmif pm;aomufxm;aom tm[m&onf 7-&uf ywfv;aomfvnf; f k kH axmufyhH wwf\? ewfMoZmonfum; wv ESpv ywfv;aomfvnf; axmufywwf\/ rdcif oH;aqmif f kH hH k pm;aomufaom tm[m&onfvnf; oli,f\ ud, ysHYEYHS apvsuf kyukd jzpfay:ap\? ud, vl;vdr;tyfaom k f f k f f tm[m&onfvnf; tm[m&Zkyukd jzpfay:apwwf\? uHaMumifjh zpfaom urZtm[m&onf Oyg'dEu-(uH\ f tusK;) jzpfaom tm[m& rnf\? xdurZ tm[m&onfvnf; XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf tm[m&Z kyfukd jzpfay: d k apwwf\/ (urZ tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaom) xdtm[m&Z kywYdk vnf; MoZmonf wyg;aom tm[m&Zkyukd k f f jzpfay:apwwf\-odYk aom enf;jzifh av;quf ig;qufaom jzpfpOfwYdk ukd qufpyfap\/ tm[m&yp, Owkork|mef rnfonfum; tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaom awaZm"mwfonf XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf Owkork|mef OwkZ[k ac:aom MoZ|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\/ xdk tm[m&ork|mef tm[m&yp, ponfwYdk tm[m& f kyonf tm[m&Z kywYkd tm; jzpfapwwfaom taMumif;jzpf aus;Zl;ywwf\? <uif;aom (urZ pdwZ OwkZ) f f kywYdk tm; ed,owd tm[m&owd twowd t0d*wowwdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ odkYvQif f d d f tm[m&Zkyf\ jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\/ 704/ OwkZ-OwkaMumifh jzpfaom w&m;wkYd vnf; (1) Owk? (2) Owkork|mef-(OwkaMumifh jzpfaom ky)? f (3) Owkyp,-(Owk taxmuftyHaom ky)? (4) Owkyp, Owkork|mef-(OwktaxmuftyHh Sonfh OwkaMumifh h dS f d jzpfaom ky)? (5) Owkyp, tm[m&ork|mef (OwktaxmuftyHh Sonfh tm[m&aMumifh jzpfaom ky)[laom f d f cGjJ crf; a0befjcif;udk odtyf\/ xdwif Owk rnfonfum; taMumif; av;yg;aMumifjh zpfaom awaZm "mwfwnf;? k G Owkonf ylaom Owk at;aom Owk[l odkYtm;jzifh ESpfyg;tjym; Sd\/ Owkork|mef rnfonfum; taMumif; 4-yg;aMumifh jzpfaom Owkonf Oyg'dEu ky[aom taxmuftyHukd & XDoYkd a&mufvwfaomf ud, OwkZ f l h k f kyukd jzpfay:ap\? xdkOwkZkyfonf ]]toHvQif 9-ckajrmuf Sdaom (o'e0u) kyftaygif; 252 tmumo"mwf f v[kwm rk'wm urnwm Oypm, oEw}d } [l 15-yg; tjym;Sd\/ Owkyp,rnfonfum; Owkonf k taMumif; av;yg;aMumifjh zpfaom kywYdk tqufquf rjywf jzpfjcif;\if; ysufp;jcif;\if; taxmuftyHh f D taMumif;jzpf\? Owkyp,Owkork|mef rnfonfum; OwkaMumifjh zpfaom awaZm "mwfonf XDoYkda&mufvwfaomf wyg;aom MoZ|ru kytaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? xdMk oZ|ru kytaygif;vnf; Owkonf wyg;aom MoZ|ru f f kytaygif;udk jzpfay:apjyef\-odYk aomf enf;jzifh t"GeYf npm umvywfv;aomfvnf tEkyg'dE rnfaom f S f G kH toufrhJ A[d'oEmef tzdYk wnfaomfvnf; OwkZkyonf tqufquf rjywfjzpfom;onfomwnf;/ Owkyp, f G tm[m& ork|mefrnfonfum; OwkaMumifh jzpfaom MoZmonf XDoYkda&mufvwfaomf wyg;aom MoZ|ru kyftaygif;udk jzpfay:ap\? xdk MoZ|ru kytaygif;vnf; MoZmonf wyg;aom MoZ|rukyf taygif;udk f jzpfay:apjyef\-odYk aom enf;jzifh 10-Budrf 12-Budrwiwif jzpfpOfukd qufpyfap\/ xdk Owkork|mef f kd f dk Owkyp, ponfwYdk Owkonf OwkZkywYdk tm; jzpfapwwfaom taMumif;jzpf aus;Zl;y\? <uif;aom f (urZ pdwZ tm[m&Z) kywYkd tm; ed,owd twowd t0d*wowwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;y\/ f d d f odYk vQif OwkZky\ jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\/ qdcaom enf;jzifh ky\ jzpfjcif;udk IonfSdaomf &Hcg kyfudk Ionf f k hJ f rnf\/
99
emrf\jzpfjcif;udkIyHktjcif;t&m
705/ kyfudk oHk;oyfvQif ky\jzpfjcif;udk ItyfouJoYkd twlyif emrfuo;oyfvQifvnf; emrf\ f h kd kH jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\? xdemrf\ jzpfjcif;udvnf; 81-yg;aom avmuD pdwK yg'fwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif Ityf\/ k k f h emrf\ jzpfyum; .... emrfrnfonfum; aS;b0 tm;xkwcaom uH\tpGr;tm;jzifh y#doaE umv kH f hJ f pdwK yg'f 19-yg; [laom emrfonf jzpfay:\? xdemrf\ jzpfay:yHk tjcif;t&mudum; y#dporkyg'fukd tus,fjy&m k k (y#dporkyg'eda'o) qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ xdk pdwKyg'f 19-yg; [laom emrfonfyifvQif d h y#doaEpw\ tjcm;rJpwrp b0if\tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpf\? touf\ tqH;vnf; pkw\ tpGr;tm;jzifh d f h d f S f k d f jzpf\? xdpwK yg'f 19-yg;[laom emrfwYdkwif umrm0p& jzpfaom pdwK yg'f emrfonf 6-yg;aom 'Gg&wkYd 0,f k d G tm;BuD;aom tmkH w'gkH\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpf\/ f y0wumvum; puKyom'\ rysufp;jcif;aMumifif; lygkH wkYd \ xifay:jcif;aMumifif; ta&mif d D h h tvif;udk rSvsuf ESv;oGi;rI-reodum&vQif taMumif;Saom puK0dnmPf pdwonf ,SObufjzpfaom D kH f d f f or,ww&m;wdYk EiwuG jzpfay:\/ csJY jy&vQif .... puKyom'kyf\ XDcP XDcPodYk a&mufonfomvQif k f S hf jzpfaom lygkonf puyom'udk wducu\? xdklygkH wdkufcdkuf xifay:vQif b0if 2-Budrjf zpf csKyf\? H k f kd f xkYd aemif xdygkyifvQif ud&,m raem"mwfac: yO'g&m0Ze; pdwonf qifjcifjcif;udpukd NyD;apvsufjzpfay:\? k l H d G f f xdpw\ tjcm;rJ xdk lygkukd yifvQif jrifvsuf ukov0dyguf puK0dnmPfonfaomfif; tukov 0dyguf k d f h H puK0dnmPfonfaomfif; (wckc) jzpfay:\/ xdYk aemif xdygkuyifvQif vufcvsuf 0dyguf raem"mwf ac: k k l H kd H or#pKd ef;pdwonf jzpfay:\? xdYk aemif xdk lygkyifvQif pHprf;vsuf 0dyguf t[dwf raem0dnmP"mwfac: d f H k oE&Ppdwonf jzpfay:\? xdYk aemif xdygkuyif ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfvsuf 253 Oayum o[*kwf ud&,m D f k l H kd k f k d t[dwraem0dnmP"mwf ac: 0ka|m rnfaom raem'Gg&m0Ze;pdwonf jzpfay:\? xkYd aemif umrm0p& ukovf f f f kd tukovf ud&,mpdwf wkYd wiwckaom pdwonf aZm 5-Budrfaomfif; aZm 7-Budraomfif; jzpfvsuf jzpfay:\? kd d G f f f odYk r[kwf Oayumo[*kwf t[dwpwonf rlvnf; jzpfay:\? xkYd aemif umrm0p& ow0gwkYd tm; 11-yg;aom f d f w'gkHpdwfwkdYwGif aZmESihf tmkwYdk tm;avsmfpm wpHwckaom w'gkpwonf jzpfay:\/ <uif;aom 'Gg&wkYd vnf; H G k H d f enf;yifwnf;/ txl;um; raem'Gg& r[*KwfpwwYdk onfvnf; jzpfue\/ odkYvQif 6 d f k f -yg;aom 'Gg&wkYd emrf\ jzpfjcif;udk Ityf\/ qkcaom enf;jzifh emrf\ jzpfjcif;udk Ionfaom &Hcg emrfukd oH;oyfonf d hJ dS k rnf\/ qdconftwdi; &Hcg kyukd &Hcg emrfukd oH;oyfvnf; vuPm oH;yg;udk wif (O',A,Pf k hJ h k f f k k paom) tpOftm;jzifh usivsuf wOD;aom a,m*Donf ynmbm0emudk jynfpap\/ hf h kH
lyowuoroeuxm-kyfoHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf

706/ wyg;aom a,m*Donf kyf oH;oyfykH 7-rsKd; emrfo;oyfykH 7-rsKd;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh vuPm k kH f oH;yg;udwif ocFg&wkYd ukd oH;oyf\? xdwif (1) tm'geedauye-,ljcif; ypfcsjcif;tm;jzifif; (2) 0a,m k k k k G h 0kw*r-t,G,&ifh csKyfjcif;tm;jzifif; (3) tm[m&r,-tm[m&jzifh NyD;aom kytm;jzifif; (4) Owkr,k F f h f h Owkjzifh NyD;aom kytm;jzifif; (5) urZ-uHaMumifh jzpfaom kytm;jzifif; (6) pdwork|me-pdwaMumifjh zpfaom f h f h f kytm;jzifif; (7) "rwm kytm;jzifif;- 7-yg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh vuPmwif oH;oyfonf Saomf f h f h k d lyowu-kyfudk oHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;\tpGr;tm;jzifh vuPmwif oH;oyfonf rnf\/ f k xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf ]]tm'geedauyetm;jzifif; 0a,m0kw*grdtm;jzifif; tm[m&tm;jzifif; Owk h k h h tm;jzifh if; uHtm;jzifif; pdwtm;jzifif; "rwmkytm;jzifif; 7-yg;aom tjcif;t&m h f h f h wkdYjzifh tus,f\}}[k I rdeYf que\/ kd k f
100
xdk 7-yg;wkYd wif tm'ge-,ljcif;-[lonfum; y#doaEwnf;/ edauye ypfcsjcif;[lonfum; G pkwwnf;/ odYk jzpf a,m*Donf tESpw&mudk y#doaEpwwYdk jzifh ydi;jcm; ocFg&wkYd vuPm 3-yg;udk d f k d k f wif\/ tb,foYkd enf; [lr (y#doaEEihf pkwEpyg;wkYd \) tMum; tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd onf rNrJue?f l S d S f k k k tb,faMumifenf;[lr jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;tm;jzifh rjywfjzpfaeaomaMumifif; azmufjyefaomaMumifif; tcduf h h l h h k twefYrQ jzpfaomaMumifif; NrJonf\ tjzpfukd jiif;y,fjcif;aMumifif; jzpfayonf/ h h xdjk yif jzpfNyD;aom ocFg&wkYd onf wnfqJ XDcPodYk a&mufue\? wnfqJ XDcP tdrif; &ifa&mfjcif;jzifh k f k h yifyef;uke\? tdrif; &ifa&mfjcif;odYk a&mufNyD;vQif rcRw{uef ysup;avuke\? xkYd aMumifh jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;u f k h f f D f rjywfEypufaomaMumifif; rcHomaomaMumifif; qif;&J\ wnf&m0wK jzpfaomaMumifif; csr;om\tjzpfukd dS f h h h f jiif;y,faomaMumifif; qif;&Jue\/ h k f xdYk jyif jzpfNyD;aom ocFg&wdYk onf wnfqJ XDcPodYk ra&mufygap ukevif[if; XDcPodYk a&mufaom f h l ocFg&wkYd onf rtdr&ifygapukef vif[if; td&ifNh yD;aom ocFg&wdYk onf rysufp;ygapukef vif[if;- 3k h h l k D h l yg;aom XmewkYd 254 wpHwa,mufaom oltm;rQ tvdtwdi; jzpfjcif;rnfonf rSacs? xdtvdtwdi; k k k f d k k k f jzpfaom tjcif;t&mrS qdwoO;uke\? xkYd aMumifh ed0goD-cEmtdr tNrJwnfaeol um&u yvkywwfaomol f k f f f f a0'u-cHpm;wwfol t"d|m,u-pDrcefYcwwfo([k xif&aom tw)rS qdwoO;aomaMumifif; ydiif rSd H JG l f k f h k f S aomaMumifif; tvdtwdi; rjzpfaomaMumihif; twtjzpfukd jiif;y,faomaMumifif; tew-tw r[kwuef h k k f f h f k tw rSdukef[k vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\/ (1) 707/ qdconftwdi; tm'geedauye\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tESpw&mjzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky vuPm k hJ h k f f f k f f oH;yg;udk wifNyD;vQif xdrS aemuf 0a,m0kw*r tm;jzifh vuPm wif\/ xdpum; 0a,m0k kw*r-t,G,f k k k F k F &ifcsKyfjcif; rnfonfum; t,G,\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh BuD;&ifNh yD;aom ky\ csKyfjcif;wnf;? xdk t,G,tm;jzifh &ifNh yD; h f f f aom kyf\ csKyfjcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh vum oH;yg;udk wif\-onfum; (t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh wif\ f k f h [laom pum;\) teufwnf;/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr xdk a,m*Donf xdk tESpw&mudyifvQif yXr t,G,f rZdr tv,fyi; t,G,f l f k kd f ypr-aemufqHk;ydkif; t,G,f [laom 3-yg;aom t,G,wYdk jzifh ydi;jcm;\/ xdkt,G,f 3-yg; wdkYwGif tprS 33-ESpf d f k f wdYk onf yXr t,G,rnf\? xdrS aemuf 34-ESpwYkd onf rZdr t,G,rnf\? xdrS aemuf 33-ESpwYdk onf f k f f k f yprt,G,f rnf\? odYk vQif 3-yg;aom t,G,wYdk jzifh ydi;jcm;NyD;vQif yXrt,G, jzpfaom kyonf d f k f f f rZdt,G,oYkd ra&mufr xkd yXrt,G,omvQif csKyf\? xkYd aMumifh xdk yXrt,G, jzpfaom kyonf rNrJ? xdk f l f f f rNrJaom kyonf qif;&Jwnf;? xdk qif;&Jaom kyonf tw r[kwf ([lif;)? rZdrt,G, jzpfaom kyonf f f f f vnf; yprt,G,oYkd ra&mufr xdk rZdrt,G, omvQif csKyf\? xdYk aMumifh xdk rZdrt,G, jzpfaom kyonf d f l f f f vnf; rNrJ qif;&J twr[kwf ([lif;)? yprt,G, 33-ESpywfv; jzpfaom kyonfvnf; aoonfrS aemuf d f f kH f oGm;&ef pGr;Ediaom kyrnfonf rSacs? xkYd aMumifh xdk yprt,G, jzpfaomkyonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J tw f k f f d d f f r[kwf [lif; vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\/ k 708/ qdconftwdi; yXrt,G,f ponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh vuPm oH;yg; k hJ h k f f f h k udk wzef(1) rE'ou - EkYH xi; q,fEpp?k kd f S f (2) cd'ou - aysmfif q,fEpp?k T S f (3) 0P'ou - tqif; q,fEpp?k S f (4) Av'ou - cGetm; q,fEpp?k f S f (5) ynm'ou - ynm q,fEpp?k S f (6) [med'ou - qkw,wf q,fEpp?k f k S f (7) yAm&'ou - udi;Ii; q,fEpp?k k f d f S f (8) 0uF'ou - aumufu; q,fEpp?k kH S f (9) armrl['ou - awGa0 q,fEpp?k S f (10) o,e'ou - vJavsmif; q,fEpp-[laom S f k
101
10-yg;aom 'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ xdk 10f f h k yg;aom 'ouwdYk wif tESpw&m toufiaom yk*Kd vf\ yXrq,fEpwYdkonf rE'ou rnf\? xktcg xkd G f S f S f d (yk*Kd vf)onf EkYH xi;\? vQyay:\? oli,frQom jzpf\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYdk onf cd'ou rnf\? xdktcg kd f f k S f xdk yk*Kd vfonf upm;aysmfijf cif;rsm;\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYdk onf 0P'ou rnf\? xdtcg xdy*Kd vf\ G k S f k k k kya& tqif;onf jyefYajym jynf0jcif;odYk a&muf\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpf wkYd onf Av'ou rnf\? xdtcg xdk f h k S k yk*Kd vf\ cGetm;onfif; tpGr;onfif; jyefYajym jynh0jcif;odYk a&muf\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYkd onf ynm'ou f f f k S f rnf\? xdtcg xdk yk*Kd vf\ ynmonf aumif;pGm wnf\? yuwdtm;jzifh 255 ynmrJaom oltm;aomfvnf; k h xdynm'ou umv tenf;i,frQaomfvnf; ynmonf jzpfwwfonfomvQi[k qdMk u\/ xdraemuf q,fEpf k f k S S wkYd onf [med'ou rnf\? xdtcg xdk yk*Kd vf\ upm;aysmfijf cif; kya&tqif; cGetm;ESihf ynmwkYd onf k T f f qkw,wue\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYdkonf yAm&'ou rnf\? xdtcg xdy*Kd vf\ twabmonf aSYbuf f k f k f k S f k k k odYk udi;Ii;\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYdk onf 0uF'ou rnf\? xktcg xdy*Kd vf\ twabmonf x,f\ k f d f k S f d k k vufuif udi;uJoYkd aumufu;\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYdk onf armrl['ou rnf\? xdtcg xdy*Kd vfonf dk k f h kH k S f k k k tvGeawGa0\? ywdi;ywki;udk arh\/ xdrS aemufq,fEpwYkd onf o,e'ou rnf\? tESpw&mSaom yk*Kd vf f k f d f k S f f d onf vJavsmif;ae&jcif;omvQif rsm;avawmhonf/ xdk (tESpw&mky) a,m*Donf (q,fyg;aom) 'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif; f f f f h tm;jzifh vuPmoH;yg;udk wifjcif;iSg odYk Iqifjcif\-yXrq,fEpp rjywfjzpfaom kyonf 'kw, (ESpck k S f k f d f ajrmuf) q,fEppoYkd ra&mufr xdyXr q,fEpp omvQif csKyf\? xdYk aMumifh xdyXrq,fEppk kyonf rNrJ S f k l k S f k k S f f qif;&J tw r[kwf ([l vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\)/ 'kw, q,fEpp/ y/ e0r (ud;ckajrmuf) q,fpEp k d S f k k k S f rjywfjzpfaom kyonf 'or (q,fcajrmuf) q,fEppoYkd ra&mufr xdk e0rq,fpEpomvQif csKyf\/ 'or f k S f k l k S f q,fEpp rjywfjzpfaom kyonf wzefb0opfoYkd ra&mufr b0omvQif csKyf\? xkYd aMumifh xd'or S f k f l k q,fpEpyonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[ vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ k S f k f f l k 709/ qdconftwdi; (q,fyg;aom) 'ouwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh vuPm k hJ h k f f f h oH;yg;udk wifNyD;vQif wzef xdtESpw&mudyifvQif 5-ESpp\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ESpq,faom tzdYk (tydi;) wdYk ukd y k k f k f D f f k f t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr xda,m*Donf odYk Iqifjcif\? f h k l k yXr 5-ESppk 5-ESpyi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf 'kw, 5-ESpfydkif;odkY ra&mufrl xdk yXr 5 pyi;omvQif f f kd f f d -ES f kd f csKyf\? xkdYaMumifh xdkyXr 5-ESpyi; kyonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kwf ([l vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\)/ 'kwd, 5f kd f f k ESpfydkif; rjywfjzpfaom kyfonf wwd, 5 pfydkif;odkY/ y/ q,fhudk;ckajrmuf 5 pyi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf -ES -ES f kd f f ESpq,fajrmuf 5-ESpyi;odYk ra&mufr xdq,fu;ckajrmuf 5-ESpyi;omvQif csKyf\/ ESpq,fajrmuf 5-ESpf f f kd f l k h kd f kd f f ydi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf aoonfrS aemufoGm;Ediaom kyrnfonfrS?d xkYd aMumifh xdEpq,fajrmuf 5-ESpf k f f k f f k S f ydi; kyonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[ (vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\)/ k f f f l qdconftwdi; tzdYk tydi; 20-wkYd wif tpGr;tm;jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfjcif;tm;jzifh vuPm oH;yg;udk k hJ h k f k f G f f h k wifNyD;vQif wzef 25-yg;aom tzdkYtydkif;wkdYudk y 4-ESpp\ tpGr;tm;jzifh vum oH;yg;udk wif\/ xkYd aemif f D f k 33-yg;aom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y 3-ESpp\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; ig;q,faom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y 2-ESpp\ k f f D f h k f f D tpGr;tm;jzifif; w&maom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y 1-ESpp\ tpGr;tm;jzifh if; (vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\)/ f h k f f D f k xdkYaemif wESpfudk 256 3-ckaom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y rdC;Owk aqmif;Owk aEGOwk [laom Owk 3-yg; k f k f wkYd wif wOwk wOwk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xdk t,G,&ifcsKyfkyf vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr G f f h l rdC;Owk 4-vtwGi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf aqmif;OwkoYkd ra&mufr xdrC;OwkomvQif csKyfav\/ k f f f l k kd f aqmif;Owk rjywfjzpfaom kyonf aEGOwkoYkd ra&mufr xdaqmif;Owk omvQif csKyfav\/ aEG Owk rjywf f l k jzpfaom kyonf wzef rdC;OwkoYkd ra&mufr xdaEGOwkomvQif csKyfav\? xdYk aMumifh xdOwk 3-yg; f k f l k k jzpfaom kyonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[ (vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\)/ f f l k odkY (Owk 3-yg;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh vuPm oH;yg;ud) wifNyD;vQif wzef wESpukd 6-ckaom tzdYk tydi; f k k f k f wkYd ukd y 0me&wk (awmfovif; vjynftxd) ESpvtwGi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf o&'&wkoYkd ra&muf h f f f rl xdk 0mewkomvQif csKyfav \/ o&'&wk (wefaqmifre;vjynftxd ESpvtwGi;) rjywf jzpfaom k f h f f kyonf a[rE&wk odYk / y/ a[rE&wk (jymodvjynftxd ESpvtwGi;) rjywfjzpfaom kyonf odo&&wkoYkd / f k h f f f d odo&&wk (waygif;vjynftxd ESpvtwGi;) rjywfjzpfaom kyonf 0oE&wkoYkd / 0oE&wk (uqkevjynfh d h f f f f
102
txd ESpvtwGi;) rjywfjzpfaom kyonf *dr&wkoYkd / *dr&wk (0gqdvjynftxd ESpvtwGi;) rjywfjzpfaom f f f S S k h f f kyonf wzef 0me&wkoYkd ra&mufr xdk *dr&wkyifvQif csKyfav\? xdkYaMumifh (xdk&wk 6 f l S -yg; jzpfaom kyfonf) rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k odYk xdk t,G,&ifcsKyfy vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ f f h k f k qkconftwdi; wifNyD;vQif xkYd aemif vqkwf vqef; yuwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh (wif\)? vqkw d hJ h k f f f rjywfjzpfaom kyonf vqef;odYk ra&mufr xdvqkwomvQif csKyfav\/ vqef; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf f l k f f vqkwoYkd ra&mufr xdvqef;omvQif csKyfav\/ xkdYaMumifh rNrJ qif;&J tw r[kwf[k vuPm 3-yg;udk f l k wif\/ xkYd aemif nOhaeYwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzif-]]nOf rjywf jzpfaom kyonf aeYoYkd ra&mufr xdk nOfomvQif f f h h f l h csKyfav\/ aeY rjywfjzpfaom kyonfvnf; nOfoYkd ra&mufr xdaeY omvQif csKyfav\/ xkYd aMumifh rNrJ f h l k qif;&J twr[kw}f }-[k vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\/ xkYd aemif xdnOfEihf aeYuyifvQif eHeufponfwYdk \ tpGr; k h S kd f tm;jzifh 6-ckaom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y .... ]]eHeufyi; rjywfjzpfaom kyonf aeYv,fyi;odYk ra&mufr xdk k f kd f f kd f l eHeufyi;omvQif csKyfav\/ aeYv,fyi; rjywfjzpfaomkyonf naeydi;odYk / naeydi; rjywfjzpfaom kd f kd f f k f k f kyonf nOfO;,mrfoYkd / nOfO;,mrf rjywfjzpfaom kyonf oef;acgif,mrfoYkd / oef;acgif,mrf rjywfjzpfaom f h D h D f kyonf rdC;aomuf,mrfoYkd ra&mufr xdk oef;acgif,mrfomvQif csKyfav\/ rdC;aomuf,mrf rjywf f k f l k f jzpfaom kyonf wzef eHeufyi;odYk ra&mufr xdk rdC;aomuf,mrfomvQif csKyfav\? xkYd aMumifh rNrJ qif;&J f kd f l k f twr[kwf}}-[k vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\/ 710/ qkconftwdi; wifNyD;vQif wzef xdyyifvQif oGm;jcif; jyefjcif; wnfwnfh Munfjh cif; d hJ h k f k k f h apmif;iJMh unfjh cif; auG;jcif; qefYjcif;wdYk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ]]oGm;qJ rjywfjzpfaom kyonf jyefqoYkd ra&mufr xdk f f J l oGm;qJomvQif csKyf\/ jyefq jzpfaom kyonf wnfwnfMh unfqoYkd / wnfwnfh Munfq jzpfaom kyonf J f h h J h h J f apmif;iJMh unfqoYkd / apmif;iJMh unfq jzpfaom kyonf auG;qJoYkd / auG;qJ jzpfaom kyonf qefYqoYkd ra&muf h J h J f f J rl xdauG;qJomvQif csKyf\/ xkYd aMumifh rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }-[k vuPm 3-yg;udk wif\/ k xkYd aemif ajcwvSr;udk <ujcif; aqmifjcif; aSmifz,fjcif; tSevwjf cif; csxm;jcif; zdeif;jcif;wkYd \ tpGr; f d f T f tm;jzifh 6-ckaom tzdYk tydi;udk y\/ 257 xdwif O'&P-<ujcif; rnfonfum; ajcudk ajrrS<ucsjD cif;wnf;/ k f k G twd[&P-aqmifjcif; rnfonfum; aSYoYkd aqmifjcif;wnf;/ 0Dw[&P-aSmifz,fjcif; rnfonfum; opfiwf d k ql;ajimifh a>r ponfwYdk wif wckcuyifvQif awGYjrif xdrS rS ajcudk aGYm;apjcif;wnf;/ a0gZe-tSdef G k kd k S vTwjf cif; rnfonfum; ajcudk atmufoYkd csjcif;wnf;/ oEauye-csxm;jcif; rnfonfum; ajrjyif ajcudk d csxm;jcif;wnf;/ oEre-zdeif;jcif; rnfonfum; wzef wzufajcudk <uaom umv yXrajcudk ajrBuD;ESihf d k wuG zdEyjf cif; (eif;jcif;)wnf;/ xdk 6-yg;wdYk wif <uqJ yx0D"mwfEihf tmayg"mwf [laom "mwf ESpyg; dS G S f wkYd onf ,kwnaom twdi;tSnf Sdukef\? EkYH ue\? rS wyg;aom awaZm 0ga,m [laom "mwfEpyg; f hH k f k f S f wkYd onf vGeuaom twdi;tSnf Sue\? tm;BuD;uke\? aqmifqJ aSmifz,fqwYdk xdYk twlyifwnf;/ tSef f J k f d k f f J d vTwq awaZmESihf 0ga,m[laom "mwfEpyg;wkYd onf ,kwnaom twdi;tSnf Sue\? EkYH ue\? rS f J S f f hH k f d k f k f wyg;aom yx0D tmayg [laom "mwfEpyg;wdYk onf vGeuaom twdi;tSnf Sue\? tm;BuD;uke\? csxm; S f f J k f d k f f qJwYdk xdYk twlyifwnf;/ odYk vQif 6-ckaom tzdYk tydi;wkYd ukd y xdk 6-ydi;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xdt,G,f k f k f f k &ifcsKyf ky vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\/ h f k tb,foYkd enf;[lr xka,m*Donf odYk Iqifjcif\-<uqJ jzpfaom "mwfwYdk onfif; xdk "mwfwYdk ukd l d rS jzpfaom Oyg'gkywYdk onfif; tvH;pHaom w&m;wdYk onf aqmifqoYkd ra&mufr xdk <uqJyifvQif D f k k J l csKyfue\? xdYk aMumifh rNrJue?f qif;&Jue\? tw r[kwue/ xdYk twl aqmifq jzpfaom w&m;wdYk onf k f k k f f k f J aSmifz,fqoYkd ra&mufr/ aSmifz,fq jzpfaom w&m;wkYd onf tSevwqoYkd ra&mufr/ tSevwq J l J d f T f J l d f T f J jzpfaom w&m;wdYk onf csxm;qJoYkd ra&mufr/ csxm;qJ jzpfaom w&m;wdYk onf zdeif;qJoYkd ra&mufr xdk l l csxm;qJ omvQif csKyfue\? odYk jyqdconftwdi; xdxkd tzdYk tydi; jzpfaom ocFg&w&m;wkYd onf xdrS k f k hJ h k f k k f k wyg;wyg;aom tzdYk tydi;odYk ra&mufr xdxjkd zpf&if;Xme rlvtzdYk tydi;yifvQif wydi;pD wydi;pD wpyfpD k f l k k f k f k f wpyfpD wuefYpD wuefYpD jzpfue ]]avmavmylaom td;cif;xJ xnfvuaom ESr;wkYd onf wzswfzswf k f k h kd f f jrnfuevsuf aygufuJG ukeouJoYdk }} ysufp; oGm;uke\? xkYd aMumifh rNrJuef qif;&Jue\ twr[kwue[k k f f h D f k k f f k f (vuPm oH;yg;udk wif \)/ qdconftwdi; tydi;tydi; jzpfueaom ocFg&wkYd ukd Ijrifaom xda,m*D\ k k hJ h k f k f k f k f k kyukd oH;oyfjcif;onf odrarGYonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf\/ f k f
103
711/ xdyukd oH;oyfjcif; odrarGYy qkvwHonfum; Oyrmwnf; .... opfom; rD;SL; jrufr;SL; k k f k f kH d h D ponfwYdk om oH;pGb;aom tavhtusifh S qDr;udk rjrifb;aom ypE&pf awmGmom; wa,mufonf rdYoYkd k J l d D l a&mufvmNyD;vQif aps;twGi; nxe;xm;aom qDr;udjk rif vlwa,mufukd ]]tarmif odYk Epvb,f Saom f d G f D S f dk G d t&monf tb,frnfygoenf; (tb,foYkd ac:ygoenf;)}}[k ar;\/ xdk vlu xdk awmGmom;tm; ]]qDrD; ESpvb,f tb,frm Stenf;? qDr; rnfonfrm qDuejf cif;aMumifif; rD;pmukejf cif;aMumifif; xdqr;\ f kd G S d hH D S k h h k D D oGm;&mvrf;aomfvnf; rxifm;yJ jzpfom;rnf}}[k jyefMum; ajymqd\/ xdvukd tjcm;aom olwa,mufu odYk S G k k l qkjd yef\ ]](rD;pmukef qDcef;ojzifh qDr;aysmufu,f jcif;[laom) t&monf keYf &if;Murf;wrf;vS\/ qDrD;pm D G udk tpOftwdi; avmifuRrf;oGm;vQif oH;yHwyHwi; oH;yHwyHwi; rD;vQHonf xdrS wyg;wyg;aom t&yfoYkd k f k k k kd f k k k kd f k ra&mufromvQif csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k qd\? xdvukd tjcm;ol wa,mufu odYk qjdk yef\ ]](oH;yHwyHwi;rS l G k k l k k k kd f tjcm;t&yfoYkd ra&mufjcif; [laom) t&monfvnf; keYf &if; Murf;wrf;vSao;\? qDr;pm\ vufwopf D vufwopft&yf 258 vufopf0uf vufopf0uf t&yf csnfacsmif;wdi; csnfacsmif;wdi; trQifwi; k f k f kd f trQifwi; rD;vQHonf xdrS wyg;wyg;aom trQifoYkd ra&mufr omvQif csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k qd\/ odrarGY kd f k l G k f aom csnfrQifurum; vTw rD;vQHukd azmfjyajymqkjd cif;iSg rpGr;Ediawmhacs/ um; Oyrmwnf;/ kd l f f k f xdOyrm ]]qDuejf cif;aMumifif; rD;pmukejf cif;aMumifif; qDr;\ oGm;&mvrf;aomfvnf; rxifm;yJjzpf k k h h D S oGm;rnf}}[k (jzpfaom) yXrvl\ todPfuoYkd tESpw&mjzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky tm'ge edauye-y#doaE hJ f k f f pkwjd zifh a,m*D\ vuPm oH;yg;wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ ]]rDpm\ oH;yHk wyHwi; oH;yHwyHwi; rDvQHonf k f k k dk f k k k kd f xdrwyg;aom t&yfoYkd ra&mufr csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k (jzpfaom) 'kw,vl\ todPfuoYdk tESpw&m\ k S l G d hJ f oH;yHwyHk (33-ESp)jzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaom 0a,m0kw*r-t,G,&ifcsKyfy a,m*D\ vuPmoH;yg; wifjcif;udk k k f k f k F f h k f k rSwtyf\/ ]]vufwopf vufwopf t&yf rD;vQHonf xdrwyg;wyg;aom t&yfoYkd ra&mufr omvQif f k S l csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k (jzpfaom) wwd, vl\ todPfuJhodkY 10-ESpf 5-ESpf 4-ESpf 3-ESpf 2-ESpf 1-ESpf wkYd jzifh G ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky a,m*D\ vuPmoH;yg; wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ ]]vufopf0uf vufopf0uf t&yf k f f k f rD;vQHonf xdrS wyg;wyg;aom t&yfoYkd ra&mufromvQif csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k (jzpfaom) pwkwv\ k l G l todPfuoYkd wOwk wOwk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wESpukd oH;yg;tjym; tm;jzifif; 6-yg; tjym;tm;jzifif; cGjJ crf; hJ f f k h h a0bef 4-v 2-vwkYd jzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky a,m*D\ vuPmoH;yg;wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ ]]csnfacsmif; k f f k f wdi; csnfacsmif;wdi; rD;vQHonf xdrS wyg;wyg;aom csnfacsmif;odYk ra&mufromvQif csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k k f k f k l G (jzpfaom) yOrvl\ todPfuoYkd vqkwvqef; yuwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifif; nOfaeYwYkd \ tpGr;tm;jzifif; hJ f f h h f h wnOfEihf waeYukd 6-zdYk 6-ydi;y eHeufyi; ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifif; ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky a,m*D\ h S k f kd f f h k f f vuPmoH;yg; wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ ]]trQifwi; trQifwi; rD;vQHonf xdrS wyg;wyg;aom trQifoYkd k f kd f kd f k ra&mufromvQif csKyfaysmufom;rnf}}[k (jzpfaom) q|rvl\ todPf uJoYkd aSYoYkd om;jcif; ponfwYdk \ l G h G tpGr;tm;jzifif; ajcud<k ujcif; ponfwYdk wif wckwckaom tzdYk tydi;\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; ydi;jcm;tyfaom ky f h G k f f h k f f a,m*D\ vuPmoH;yg; wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ um; Oyrm Oyar,s ES;aESmyHwnf;/ (2) k f D k 712/ xka,m*Donf qkconftwdi; txl;xl;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh t,G,&ifcsKyfkyf vuPm d d hJ h k f f h oH;yg;udk wifNyD;vQif wzef xdyuyifvQif cGjJ crf; tm[m&r,kyponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh av;zdYk y wckwck k k k f kd f f aom tzdYk vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\? xdav;yg;aom kywYdk wif tm[m&jzifh NyD;aomkyonf xda,m*Dtm; k k f G f k qmavmifjcif; tpm0jcif;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifm;\/ xifSm;yHkum;-qmavmifaomumv jzpfaomkyonf f S f nKd ;EGr;\? yifyef;\? rD;avmifiwuoYkd if; rD;aoG;awmif;wJ 0yfaeaom usD;uef;uJoYkd if; tqif;rvS f k f hJ h raumif;aom oPmef\? tpm0aom umv jzpfaom kyonf jynf0\ pdjk ynf\ El;nH\ acsmnuf\ dS f h h aumif;aom tawGY\? xdk a,m*Donf (qmavmifaomumv 0aomumvjzpfaom) xdyukd odr;qnf;NyD;vQif dS k k f f 259 qmaomumv jzpfaom kyonf tpm0aom umvodYk ra&mufr qmaomumv omvQif csKyf\? f l tpm0aom umv jzpfaomkyonfvnf; qmaomumvodYk ra&mufr tpm0aom umvomvQif csKyf\? f l xdYk aMumifh tm[m&jzifh NyD;aom xdyonf rNrJ qif;&J tw r[kw[k odYk tm[m&jzifh NyD;aom xdy k k f f k k f vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\/ (3) k 713/ Owkr,-OwkjzifNh yD;aomkyonf tat;tylwkdY\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifm;\? xifSm;yHkum; .... ylaom f f S umv jzpfaomkyonf nKd ;EGr;\ yifyef;\ tqif;rvS? at;aomOwkaMumifh jzpfaomkyonf jynf0\ f f f h pdjk ynf\ (El;nH\ aumif;aom tawGY\) acsmnuf\? xda,m*Donf (ylaomumv at;aom umvwkYd h dS k jzpfaom) xdyukd odr;qnf;NyD;vQif ylaomumv jzpfaomkyonf at;aomumvodYk ra&mufrl ylaom k k f f f umvomvQif csKyf\? at;aomumv jzpfaomkyonfvnf; ylaomumvodYk ra&mufr at;aomv f l
104
omvQif csKyf\? xdYk aMumifh Owkjzifh NyD;aom xdyonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k odYk Owkjzifh NyD;aom xdy k k f f k k f vuPm oH;yg;udk wif\/ (4) k 714/ urZ-uHaMumifjh zpfaomkyonf zjzpfaMumif; 'Gg&wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifm;\? xifm;yHum; f f S S k .... puK'Gg& ]]puK'ou um,'ou bm0'ou uvmyfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh urZkyf 30? xdurZkywYdk ukd f k f axmufyaom OwkZ pdwZ tm[m&Z kyaygif; 24-yg;}} [laom 54-yg;aom kywYdk onf xifm;uke\? hH f f S f aomw'Gg& Cme'Gg& Zd0g'Gg&wkYd vnf; xdYk twlyif kyaygif; 54-yg;pD xifm;uke\/ um,'Gg&um; S f S f um,'ou bm0'ou uvmyfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; OwkZt|u uvmyfpnfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifif; 44-yg; f h f h aom kywYdk onf xifm;uke\/ raem'Gg& [', 0wK'ou um,'ou bm0'ou uvmyfwYdk\ tpGr; f S f f tm;jzifif; OwkZt|u uvmyfponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifif; kyaygif; 54-yg;yifvQif xifm;uke\/ h f h f S f xda,m*Donf 'Gg& 6-yg; xifm;aom xdyf tvH;pHuvnf; odr;qnf;NyD;vQif puK'Gg& jzpfaom k S k k k k kd f kyonf aomw'Gg&odYk ra&mufr puK'Gg&omvQif csKyf\/ aomw'Gg& jzpfaom kyonf Cme'Gg&odYk f l f ra&mufr/ Cme'Gg&jzpfaom kyonf Zd0g'Gg&odYk ra&mufr/ Zd0g'Gg& jzpfaom kyonf um,'Gg&okYd l f S l S f ra&mufr/ um,'Gg& jzpfaom kyonf raem'Gg&odYk ra&mufr um,'Gg& omvQif csKyf\? xkYd aMumifh l f l uHaMumifh jzpfaom xdyonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k odYk uHaMumifjh zpfaom xdy vuPm oH;yg;udk k k f f k k f k wif\/ (5) 715/ pdwork|me-pdwaMumifh jzpfaomkyonf 0rf;omjcif; ESv;romjcif;wkYd \ tpGr;jzifh xifm;\? f f kH f S xifm;yHum; .... 0rf;omaom tcg jzpfaom kyonf acsmnuf\ El;nh\ pdjk ynf\ aumif;aom tawGY\? S k f H dS ESv;romjzpfaom tcgjzpfaom kyonf nKd ;EGr;\ yifyef;\ tqif; rvS? xka,m*Donf (0rf;omaomtcg kH f f d ESv;romaom tcgwkYd jzpfaom) xdyukd odr;qnf;NyD;vQif 0rf;omaomtcg jzpfaomkyonf ESv;romaom kH k k f f f kH tcgodYk ra&mufr 0rf;omaom tcgomvQif csKyf\? ESv;romaomtcg jzpfaomkyonf 0rf;omaom l kH f tcgodYk ra&mufr ESv;romaom tcg omvQif csKyf\? xkYd aMumifh (pdwaMumifh jzpfaom) xdyonf rNrJ l kH f k k f qif;&J twr[kw[k odYk pdwaMumifh jzpfaom xdy vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ f f k k f k 260 qdcaomenf;jzifh pdwZkyukd odr;qnf; xdpwZky vuPm oH;yg;udk wifaom xda,m*D k hJ f f k d f k k tm; qdvwHaom teufonf xifm;avawmh\ k h S toufonfif; twabmonfif; csrf;om qif;&JwYdk onfif; (twaumifEihf rpyf,u) S S f oufoufo;jcm; oabmw&m;wkYd onfomwnf;? pdwck wckEiom ,SOuef \? (if;wkYd \) D f S hf f k jzpf&mcPonf vsijf ref wdawmif;vS\/ k tMuif ae0onmemonm,we jA[mwkYd onf urmaygif; Spaomif; av;axmifywfv; f kH toufivsuf wnfaeuke\? xdjk A[mwkYd onfvnf; pdwf 2-ckwYkd EiwuG jzpfue (pdwf S f f S hf k f 2-BudrcefY Mumatmif toufiueonf jzpf) wnfaeMuonf r[kwue/ f S f k f f k f aoaomol\ csKyfom;avaom cEmwkYd onfif; avmu toufivsuf wnfqy*Kd vf G S f J k \ csKyfoGm;aom cEmwkdYonfif; tvHk;pHkaom xdkcEm 2-rsKd;wkYd onf (csKyfysuf ykcsif;) wlnD H uke\? wzef jyefpyfjcif; rSueyJ csKyfaysmufom; avukeonfcsn; omwnf;/ f d k f G f f twdwtjcm;rJ ysuom; NyD;aomcEmwdYk \if; tem*wf tjcm;rJ ysufvwHaom cEmwkYd f h f G h h \if; xdtwdwf tem*wf cEmwkYd \ tv,fMum; csKyfysufqJ ypKyecEmwkYd \if; csKyfjcif; k f vuPmtm;jzifh rwlnjD cif; uGjJ ym;jcif; rnfonf rSacs/ d ow0gonf rjzpfay:vmao;aom tem*wfpwjf zifh jzpfaeonf (toufiaeonf) r[kwf d S f ay? jzpfqJ ypKyef pdwjf zifomvQif toufivsuf Say\? pdw\ csKyfysujf cif;aMumifh h S f d f (pdwcsKyf ysuvQi) ow0g onfaoonfom rnf\? (odYk aomf wdonf toufivsuf f f f S f Sd\-odYk ponfjzifh ajymqdtyfaom) oEmefynwfonf (jzpfqpwukd pG ajymqkaom k J d f J d aMumif) y&rwozG,f jzpfay\/ h
105
csKyfysuavNyD;aom cEmwkYd onf odr;odr;qnf; tyfonf\ tjzpfoYkd ra&mufue?f (rnf f k DS f k onfh t&yfrQ pka0;vsuf wnfaeMuonf r[kwue)? tem*wftzdYk (jzpfvwHcEmwkYd \) dS f k f h jzpf&ef toifh tpktyHk rnfonf rSacs? jzpfqJ cEmwdYk onfvnf; tyfezm;wGi; pl;cRefzsm; d f (wifxm;vduaom) rkenif;aphyrm (ysuve;jzpfvsu) wnfSmuke\/ k f f f k D f f jzpfNyD;aom xdw&m;wdYk onf ysufjcif;udk aS;Iyvsuf Sue\? xdypKyew&m;wkYd onf k d k f k f ta[mif; twdwf w&m;wkYd Eihf ra&maESmukeyJ ysufjcif;oabm Suevsuf wnfMuuke\/ S f d k f f ocFg&w&m;wkYd onf rjrif&onfh (rSao;onf) tzdYk rS jzpfay: vmuke\? csKyfysuf oGm;aom d h f ocFg& wkYd onfvnf; rjrif&jcif; (rSjd cif;)odYk a&mufom;uke\? ocFg&w&m; wkYd onf G f aumif;uif (jzpfay:NyD;vQif aysmufom;aom) vQyppfa&mifuoYkd topfvnf; jzpfay:vm G f hJ uke\? uG,aysmufvnf; uG,aysmuf oGm;uke\-[laomf f f f teuf xifm;avawmh\/(6) S 716/ qkdcJhonfh twdkif; tm[m&r,kyponfwYdk vuPm oH;yg;udk wifNyD;vQif wzef "rwmky f k f vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ "rwmkyrnfonfum; (ow0g\ oPmefr) tyjzpfaom aÈwYdk Eihf rpyfaom (kyf k f S S wnf;) oH aMu; ovGjJ zL (Aif) ovGrnf; (cJ) aT aiG ykvJ ywjrm; aMumifrsufJG ckoif; ovif; oEm ywjrm;eD J ywjrm;ajymuf ajr ausmuf awmif jrufyif opfyif EG,yif ponf tjym;Saom urmOD;rSp jzpfay:vsufaom f d dS kywnf;/ xd"rwm kyonf xda,m*Dtm; aomfuGeYf ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifm;\/ f k f k f S xifm;yHum; .... aomfuGeYf onf tpyXruyifvQif teDEa&mif tqif;S\? xdYk aemif 2-&uf 3-&uf S k k d vGeaomtcg wcJeuf eDaom tqif;S\? wzef 2-&uf 3-&uf vGeaomtcg teDa&mifajymh\? xdYk aemif Ekaom f d f GufEk tqif;Sd\? 261 xdYk aemif &ifaom GufEktqif;Sd\? xdYk aemif pdr;aom opfuf tqif;S\? xdYk aemif h f G d dkaom opfGuf tqif;Sd\? xdaom opfuf tqif;Saom umvrSp oabmwlaom kytpOfukd rjywf k kd G d f qufpyfapvsuf wESprQjzifh zufua&mf jzpfNyD;vQif tnmrS ywf a<uus\/ f G f xda,m*Donf xdaomfuGeYf yukd odr;qnf;NyD;vQif teDEa&mif tqif;Saom umv jzpfaom kyonf k k k f f k d f wcJeuf teDa&mif tqif;Saom umvodYk ra&mufr csKyf\? wcJeuf teDa&mif tqif;Saom umv jzpfaom d l d kyonf teDa&mifajymhaom umvodYk / teDa&mifajymhaom umv jzpfaom kyonf EkaomGuEk tqif;Saom f f f d umvodYk / Ekaom GuEtqif;Saom umvjzpfaom kyonf &ifaom GuEtqif;Saom umvodYk / &ifaom f k d f h f k d h GuEtqif;Saom umv jzpfaom kyonf pdr;aom opfutqif; SaomumvodYk / pdr;aom opfutqif; f k d f f G f d f G f Saom umv jzpfaom kyonf daom opfuf tqif;Saom umvodYk / daomopfuf tqif;Saomumv d f k G d k G d jzpfaom kyonf zufua&mfumvodYk / zufua&mfumv jzpfaomkyonf tnmrSywf a<uusaom umvokYd f G f G f f ra&mufromvQif csKyf\? xkYd aMumifh xdaomfuGeYf yonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k vuPmoH;yg;udk wif\/ l k k f f k odYk xdaomfuGeYf y vuPmoH;yg;udk wifNyD;vQif enf;jzifh tvH;pHaom "rwmkyuvnf; oH;oyf k k f k k k f kd k qifjcif\/ (7) odYk vQif lyowu-kyf 7-rsKd;\tpGr;tm;jzifh vuPm oH;yg;udk wif ocFg&wkYd ukd oH;oyf\/ f k k
106
emrfoHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf

717/ tlyowu emrf 7 ;\tpGr;tm;jzifh (oH;oyf\) [l qdcaom pum; qdvwHonfum; -rsKd f k k hJ k h acgif;pOf rmwdumwnf;/ (1) uvmy-taygif;vdutm;jzifif;? (2) ,ru-tpHtm;jzifif;? (3) cPdu-cPrQ k f h k h wnfaom tm;jzifif;? (4) y#dyg#d-tpOftwef;tm;jzifif;? (5) 'd|O*g#e-'d|ukd cGgaomtm;jzifif;? (6) rme h h d d h ork*g#e- meudk t<uif;rJh cGgaomtm;jzifif;? (7) eduEy&d,m'ge- Niduyfaom wPSmudk ukeapaomtm;jzifif;? h d f h um; rmwdumwnf;/ xdk 7-yg;wdYk wif uvmy- taygif;vdutm;jzif-[l&m (taygif; [lonfrm) zyOru-zvQif 5-ck G k f h S ajrmufaom w&m;wkYd wnf;/ taygif;vdutm;jzifh tb,foYkd oH;oyfoenf;[lr omoemawmf &[ef;onf dS k f k l odYk Iqifjcif\ .... ]]qHyifwYkd onf rNrJuef qif;&Jue\ tw r[kwue}f }[k oH;oyf&m jzpfay:ukeaom k k f f k k f zvQif 5-ckajrmufaom w&m;wdYk onfif;? arG;ni; wdYk onf/ y/ OD;aESmufonf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k dS f f oH;oyf&m jzpfay:ukeaom zvQif 5-ckajrmuf Saom w&m;wdYk onfif; xdtvH;pHaom oH;oyfrI (z k f d k k k k yOru) emrf w&m;wdYk onf xdrS wyg; wyg;aom tzdYk oYkd ra&mufuer tydi;tydi; tuefYtuefYjzpfuevsuf k k f l k f k f k f ]]avmavmylaom td;uif;xJ xnfvuaom ESr;wkYd onf wzswfzswf jrnfuevsuf uGysufom; ukeouJoYdk }} k h kd f f k f J G f h ysufavuke\? xdYk aMumifh rNrJuef qif;&Jue\ twr[kwue[k oH;oyf\? onfum; 0do'd uxm jyqdk f k k f f k f k k xm;aom enf;wnf;/ t&d,0Houxmum; ]]lyowu0,f 7-yg;aom XmewkYd kyonf rNrJ qif;&J tw r[kw[k oH;oyf f f k vsuf jzpfaom pdwukd wyg;aom aemufpwjf zifh rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw[k oH;oyfonf Saomf 262 uvmyf d f k d taygif;vduf tm;jzifh oH;oyfonf rnf\}}[k rdeYf qavonf? xdpum;onf omoifjh rwfay\/ xkYd aMumifh k k kd k <uif;aom oH;oyfywYdk uvnf; xdt&d,0Houxm enf;jzifyifvQif a0bef jyuket/ (1) k kH kd k h f hH 718/ ,ru-tpHtm;jzif[onfum; omoemawmf &[ef;onf tm'geedauy-y#doaEpwjd zifh k h l k ydi;jcm;aom kyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdo;oyfaom pdwuvnf; wyg;aom aemufpwf k f f k k kH f kd d jzifh ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\? 0a,m0kw*r-t,G,f&ifhcsKyfkyfudk/ tm[m&r,-tm[m&jzifNh yD; k k F aom kyfudk/ Owkr,-OwkjzifNh yD;aomkyu/ urZ-uHaMumifjh zpfaom kyu/ pdwork|mef-pdwaMumifjh zpfaom f kd f kd f kyfudk/ "rwmkyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdo;oyfaom pdwuvnf; wyg;aom aemuf f k k kH f kd pdwjf zifh ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\? odYk oH;oyfonfaomf tpHtm;jzifo;oyfonf rnf\/ (2) k k dS k h kH 719/ cPdu-cPrQwnfaomtm;jzifh [lonfum; omoemawmf &[ef;onf y#doaEpwjd zifh k ydi;jcm;aom kyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdo;oyfaom yXrpdwukd 'kw,pdwjf zifh 'kw, k f f k k kH f d d pdwukd wwd,pdwjf zifh wwd,pdwukd pwkwpwjf zifh pwkwpwukd yOrpdwjf zifh ]]pdwonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J f f d d f f twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\/ t,G,&ifcsKyf kyu/ tm[m&jzifh NyD;aom kyu/ Owkjzifh NyD;aom kyu/ uHaMumifh k f h f kd f kd f kd jzpfaomkyu/ pdwaMumifh jzpfaomkyu/ "rwmkyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdo;oyfaom f kd f f kd f k k kH yXrpdwukd 'kw,pdwjf zifh 'kw,pdwukd wwd,pdwjf zifh wwd,pdwukd pwkwpwjf zifh pwkwpwukd yOrpdwjf zifh f d d f f d d f ]]pdwonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J tw r[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\/ odYk kyukd odr;qnf;aom pdwrp av;Budraom f k f f f S f pdwwYdk ukd oH;oyfonf Saomf (0g-oH;oyfaomolonf) cPrQwnfaomtm;jzifh oH;oyfonf rnf\/ (3) f k d k k 720/ y#dyg#d-tpOftwef;tm;jzif[onfum; y#doaE pkwjd zifh ydi;jcm;aom kyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J tw h l k f f r[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdo;oyfaom yXrpdwukd 'kw,pdwjf zifh 'kw,pdwukd wwd,pdwjf zifh wwd,pdwukd k k kH f d d f f pwkwpwjf zif/ y/ 'or-q,fcajrmuf pdwukd {um'or wq,fh wckajrmuf pdwjf zifh ]]pdwonfvnf; rNrJ d h k f f qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\/ t,G,&ihcsKyfyu/ tm[m&jzifh NyD;aomkyu/ Owkjzifh NyD;aomkyu/ k f f k f kd f kd f kd uHaMumifh jzpfaomkyu/ pdwaMumifh jzpfaom kyu/ "rwmkyukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyfNyD;vQif xdk f kd f f kd f k oH;oyfaom yXrpdwukd 'kw,pdwjf zifh 'kw, pdwukd wwd,pdwjf zifh wwd,pdwukd pwkwpwjf zif/ y/ 'or k f d d f f d h pdwukd {um'orpdwjf zifh ]] pdwonfvnf; rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k oH;oyf\/ odkY 0dyem tquf f f k qufjzifh waeYv;aomfvnf; oH;oyfjcif;iSg jzpfEiay\? odYk aomfvnf; q,fcajrmufpwukd oH;oyfonf kH k kd f k d f k wdiatmif (oH;oyfjcif;jzif) kyur|mef;onfvnf; aus>yefpmjzpf\? emrfur|mef;onfvnf; aus>yefpmjzpf\? k f k h f G G xkYd aMumifh q,fcajrmuf pdwomvQif (oH;oyfru) &yfwefYxm;tyf\ [l (t&d,0Houxm) rdeYf qavonf/ k f k I kd kd odYk oH;oyfonfaomf (0g-oH;oyfaomolonf) tpOftwef;tm;jzifh oH;oyfonfrnf\/ (4) k dS k k
107
721/ 'd|O*g#etm;jzifh rmeork*g#etm;jzifh eduEy&d,m'ge tm;jzif-[laom oH;rsKd;aom acgif;pOf d d h k wkYd toD;tjcm; oH;oyfenf;rnfonf rSay/ 263 atmufyi; lyowu tMuifyukd odr;qnf;cJ\/ k d kd f k f f h emrowuvnf; tMuifemrfukd odr;qnf;cJ\? xdyemrfEpyg;udk a,m*Donf kyemrfxuftvGef (kyemrfrS f h k k f S f f f vG) tjcm;wyg;aom ow0grnfonfukd rjrifawmhacs? ow0gudk rjrifonfrS p ow0g [laom trSwf J onmudk y,fcgNyD; jzpfav\? ow0g [laom trSwonmudk y,fcgaom pdwjf zifh ocFg&wkYd ukd odr;qnf;aom G f G f a,m*Dtm; (ow0g[k ,lqaom) 'd|onfrjzpf? 'd|rjzpfvQif 'd|ukd y,fcg(tyf)NyD;onf rnf\/ 'd|uy,fcgaom d d d G d kd G pdwjf zifh ocFg&wkYd ukd odr;qnf;aom a,m*Dtm; rmeonf rjzpf? rmerjzpfvQif rmeudk t<uif;rJh y,fcg (tyf) f G NyDonf rnf\/ rmeudk t<uif;rJy,fcgaom pdwjf zifh ocFg&wkYd ukd odr;qnf;aom a,m*Dtm; wPSmonf rjzpf? h G f wPSm rjzpfvQif Niduyfaom wPSmudk ukeapNyD;onf rnf\-[l pum;udk 0do'uxm rdeYf qavonf/ f k d dk t&d,0Houxmum; ]]'d|O*g#etm;jzifh rmeork*g#etm;jzifh eduEy&d,m'getm;jzif}h }[l rmwdumudk d d xm;NyD;vQif qdvwHaom enf;udk jyxm;avonf/ k h ]]ig 0dyemI\? ig\ 0dyemIrI (ig\ 0dyem)}}[l ,laom a,m*Dtm; 'd|ukd y,fcgjcif;rnfonf d G rjzpfao;? pifppfaomfum; ]]ocFg&wkYd onfomvQif ocFg&wkYd ukd Iue\ oH;oyfue\ qH;jzwfue\ odr;qnf; k f k k f k k f f uke\ ydi;jcm;uke\}} [l ,laom a,m*Dtm; 'd|ukd y,fcgjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\/ f k f f d G ]]ig aumif;pGm I\? ESpfvdkzG,f I\}}[l ,laom a,m*Dtm; rmeudk t<uif;rJh y,fcgjcif; rnfonf rjzpf G ao;? pifppfaomfum; ]]ocFg&wkYd onfomvQif ocFg&wkYd ukd Iue\ oH;oyfue\ qH;jzwfue\ odr;qnf;uke\ k f k k f k k f f f ydi;jcm;uke\}} [l ,laom a,m*Dtm; rmeudk t<uif;rJh y,fcgjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\/ k f f G ]](igonf) 0dyem Ijcif;iSg pGr;Edi\}}[k 0dyemIjcif;udk om,maom a,m*Dtm; Niduyfaom wPSm f k f udk ukeapjcif; rnfonf rjzpfao;? pifppfaomfum; ]]ocFg&wkYd onfomvQif ocFg&wdYk ukd Iue\ oH;oyf uke\ f k f k f qH;jzwfue\ odr;qnf;uke\ ydi;jcm;uke\}}[l ,laom a,m*Dtm; Niduyfaom wPSmudk ukeapjcif;rnf k k f f f k f f f onf jzpfay\/ tu,f ocFg&wkYd onf twaumif [kwuejf im;tH?h twaumif[k ,l&ef oifue&m\? pifppfaomfum; f k h k f twaumif r[kwygyJ twaumif[k ,lxm;(tyf)uke\? xdYk aMumifh xdk ocFg&wkYd onf tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif; f f k k f teufoabmaMumifh twr[kwue?f jzpfay:vmNyD;vQif rSjd cif;-uG,aysmufom;jcif; teufoabmaMumifh f k f G rNrJue?f jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;u rjywfEypufjcif; teufoabmaMumifh qif;&Jue\-[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; 'd|ukd k dS f k f d y,fcgjcif;rnfonf jzpfay\/ G tu,f ocFg&wkYd onf NrJonf [kwuejf im;th?H NrJonf[ ,l&ef oifue&m\? pifppfaomfum; rNrJygyJ f k l h k f NrJonf[k ,lxm;(tyf)uke\/ xkYd aMumifh xdk ocFg&wkYd onf jzpfay:NyD;vQif rSjd cif;teuf oabmaMumifh rNrJue?f f k jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;u rjywfEypufjcif; teufoabmaMumifh qif;&Jue\? tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif; teufoabm dS f k f k k f aMumifh twr[kwue[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; rmeudk t<uif;rJh cGgjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\/ f k f 264 tu,f ocFg&wkYd onf csrf;omwdYk [kwuejf im;th?H csrf;omwkYd [l ,l&ef oifuef &m\? pifppf f k h k aomfum; qif;&JwYkdom jzpfygukevsuf csr;omwkYd [l ,lxm;(tyf) uke\/ xkYd aMumifh xdocFg&wkYd onf jzpfjcif; f f f k ysujf cif;u rjywfEypufjcif; teufoabmaMumifh qif;&Jue\? jzpfay:vmNyD;vQif rSjd cif;teufoabmaMumifh dS f k f rNrJue?f tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif; teufoabmaMumifh tw r[kwue[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; Niduyfaom wPSm k k k f f k f udk ukeapjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\/ f qdconftwdi; ocFg&wdYk ukd twr[kw[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; 'd|ukd y,fcgjcif;rnfonf jzpfay\? k hJ h k f f d G rNrJ[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; rmeudk t<uif;rJh y,fcgjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\? qif;&J[k Ijrifaom a,m*Dtm; G Niduyfaom wPSm[laom eduEukd ukeapjcif; rnfonf jzpfay\/ odYk vQif 0dyemonf rdrd rdr\ t&mXm d f d omvQif wnfay\-[k (t&d,0Houxm) jyqdavonf/ (5-6-7) k odkY emrfo;oyfykH 7-rsKd;\tpGr;tm;jzifh vuPmoH;yg;udk wif ocFg&wkYd ukd oH;oyf\/ rQaom kH f k k oH;oyfjcif;jzifh xda,m*Dtm; kyur|mef;onfvnf; aus>yefpm jzpf\? emrfur|mef;onfvnf; aus>yefpm jzpf\/ k k f G G
108
r[m0dyemwpdwfwa'o&yHkudk jyqdkcsuf
722/ qdconftwdi; avhvmaus>yefaom kyur|mef; emrfur|mef; Saom xkd a,m*Donf txuf k hJ h k f f d b*FgEkyem (b*FPf) rSp y[mey&dnm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh a&muftyf &tyf f d f ukeaom wq,fpyg;aom r[m0dyem wdYk wif wpdwwydi;udk wD&Py&dnm yifvQif xd;xGi;vsuf f h S f G f k f k f &onfjzpf xdk (&aom) 0dyemwkYd \ qefYusibufjzpfaom w&m;wkYd ukd y,f\/ f wdYk wiG f wq,fh Spyg;aom r[m0dyemwdYk rnfonfum;1 tedpmEkyem tpSaom ynmwdYk wnf;? ,if;ynm f d (1) rNrJ[k Iaom tedpmEkyemPfukd yGg;aponfaomf (yGg;apaomolonf) NrJonf dS [k xifrwaom edponmudk y,f\/ S f (2) qif;&J[k Iaom 'kumEkyem udyg;aponf Saomf csrf;om[k xifrwaom okc k G d S f onmudk y,f\/ (3) tw r[kw[aom tewmEkyemudk yGg;aponf Saomf tw aumif[k xifrwf f k I d S aom twonmudk y,f\/ (4) NiD;aiGYvsuf Iaom edA'gEkyemudk yGg;aponf Saomf tm;&ESpoufjcif;udk y,f\/ d d f (5) wyfrufuif;vsuf Iaom 0d&m*gEkyemudk yGg;aponfaomf wyfrufaom &m*udk dS y,f\/ (6) csKyfjcif;udk Iaom eda&m"Ekyemudyg;aponf Saomf jzpfjcif;udk y,f\/ k G d (7) wzef pGeYf vsuf Iaom y#ded*gEkyemudyg;aponf Saomf ,ljcif; vufcjH cif;udk k G d y,f\/ (8) ukejf cif;udk Iaom c,mEkyemudk yGg;aponf Saomf wvH;wcJwnf;[k xifrwf d k S aom Ceonmudk y,f\/ (9) ysufjcif;udk Iaom 0,mEkyemudyg;aponf Saomf tm;xkwjf cif;udk y,f\/ k G d (10) ajymif;vJ azmufjyefjcif;udk Iaom 0dy&dPmrmEkyem udyg;aponf Saomf cdiNf rJ k G d k onf[k xifaom "k0onmudk y,f\/ (11) NrJonfh t&dyf edrwy[ef uif;onfukd Iaom tedrwmEkyem udyg;aponf d f kH d k G Saomf NrJonft&dyf edrwxifjcif;udk y,f\/ d h d f (12) awmifwzG,f uif;onfuaom tyP[wmEkyem udyg;aponf Saomf h kd I d d k G d awmifwaom wPSmudk y,f\/ h (13) twrS qdwoO;onfukd Iaom oknwmEkyemudyg;aponf Saomf twaumif f k f k G d [k ouf0if ESv;oGi;jcif;udk y,f\/ kH f (14) w&m;wkYd ysufonf[k Iaom vGeuaom ynm[laom t"dynm"r0yemudk f J d yGg;aponf Saomf tESponf[k ,lvsuf ouf0ifEv;oGi;jcif;udk y,f\/ d f dS S kH f (15) [kwwi;rSepm odjrifaom ,xmblwPftjrifuyg;aponf Saomf jyif;pGm f kd f f G kd G d
109
awGa0vsuf ouf0ifEv;oGi;jcif;udk y,f\/ S kH f (16) tjypfuaom tm'De0gEkyemudyg;aponf Saomf yke;atmif;rScp&m[k ouf0if kd I k G d f D kd ESv;oGi;jcif; udy,f\/ kH f k (17) wzef Iaom y#docFgEkyemudyg;aponf Saomf wzef Ir\ qefYusibuf k G d I f (wzef rIjcif;)udk y,f\/ (18) ocFg&wkYd rS qkwepfvsuf Iaom 0d0Ekyemudyg;aponf Saomf (yGg;apaom f k G d olonf) ocFg&wkYd Eihf ,SOwvsuf ouf0ifEv;oGi;jcif; udy,f\/ S f JG S kH f k 265 xdk wq,fh Spyg;aom r[m0dyemwkYd wif a,m*Donf tedp tpSaom vuPm oHk;yg;\ f G d tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFg&wdYk ukd jriftyfueNf yD? (xkoYkd jrifNyD; jzpfaom)aMumifh tedpmEkyem 'kumEkyem tewm f k d EkyemwkYd ukd odNyD; &NyD; jzpfay\? xkYd jyif ]]tedpEyemESihf tedrwmEkyem [laom ESpyg;aom w&m;wkYd k d f onf wlaomteufue\? o'grQomxl;\}} [lif;? xkYd jyif ]]'kumEkyemESihf tyP[wmEkyem [laom dS k f d d ESpyg;aom w&m;wkYd onf wlaom teuf Sue\? o'grQom xl;\}} [lif;? tewm EkyemESihf oknwm f d k f Ekyem [laom ESpyg;aom w&m;wdYk onf wlaom teufue\? o'grQom xl;\[lif; (y#dor'gr*f) f dS k f d a[mxm;aomaMumifh xdteufwaom tEkyem oH;yg;wkYd uvnf; odNyD; &NyD; jzpfay\/ k l k kd xkYd jyif t"dynm"r0yem[lonfrm tvH;pHk (vnf;jzpf)aom 0dyemaywnf;/ ,xmblwPf d S k tjrifukd ucFg0dw&P 0do'jd zifyifvQif a&wGutyf odr;,ltyf\? odYk jzpf Pf ESpyg;udvnf; odNyD; &NyD; k h f f f k omvQif jzpfay\/ <uif;aom 0dyemPfwYkd wif tcsKdYukd odtyf &tyfNyD? tcsKdYukd rodtyf r&tyfao;/ xdk G r[m0dyemwkYd ukd a0befjcif;udk aemuf xifpm jyuket/ G f Hh aSYpum; rSeuefaMumif; Si;jy&vQif a,m*DoNd yD;&NyD; jzpfaom Pfuom&nf ]]qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; f f kd avhvmaus>yefaom kyur|mef; emrfur|mef; Saom a,m*Donf txuf b*FgEkyem (b*FPf)rSp y[me f d y&dnm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh a&muftyf &tyfueaom wq,fpyg;aom r[m f d f k f h S f 0dyemwkYd wif wpdwwydi;udk wD&P y&dnmyifvQif xd;xGi;odvsuf &onfjzpf xd&aom 0dyemwkYd \ G f k f k f k qefYusibufjzpfaom w&m;wkYd ukd y,f\}}-[laom pum;udk igqkcayonf/ f d hJ
O',A,Pfudk jyqdkcsuf
723/ qdconftwdi; tedpmEkyem ponfwYdk \ qefYusibuf jzpfueaom edponm ponfwYdkukd k hJ h k f f k f y,fojzifh pifMu,faom Pfaom xkd a,m*Donf oroePf\ wzufurf; (tNyD;tqH;)odYk a&muf dS k oroePf\ tjcm;rJ ]]taMumif;udk pG jzpfqJ ypKyef jzpfueaom kyemrf w&m;wdYk \ azmufjyefjcif;udk h J k f f Iaom (I&m) ynmonf tjzpftysufukd Iaom (I&m) O',A,Pf rnf\}} [l tMuif O',A,Pfudk a[mawmfr(tyf)\? xdk O',A,Pfukd &jcif;iSg tm;xkwjf cif;udk y\? tm;xkwvwfaomf aS;OD;pGm tusOf; l f tm;jzifh tm;xkw\? xdk (odYk tusOf;tm;jzifh tm;xkw&m) atmufygrSm y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmfaywnf;/ f f d tb,foYkd jzpfqJ ypKyef jzpfueaom w&m;wdYk \ azmufjyefjcif;udk Iaom ynmonf k f tjzpf tysufukd Iaom O',A,Pf rnfoenf;.... jzpfay:qJ jzpfaom kyonf ypKyef rnf\? xdk jzpfay:qJ ypKyey\ jzpfay:jcif; f f k f vuPmonf O',-jzpfjcif; rnf\? azmufjyefjcif; vuPmonf 0,-ysujf cif; rnf\? (tjzpf tysufu) Ijrifjcif;onf Pfrnf\/ jzpfay:qJjzpfaom a0'emonf/ onmonf/ ocFg&wdYk kd onf/ 0dnmPfonf/ jzpfay:qJjzpfaom puK-rsufponf/ y/ jzpfay:qJjzpfaom b0onfypK yef d rnf\? xdjk zpfay:qJ ypKyeb0\ jzpfay:jcif; vuPmonf O',-jzpfjcif;rnf\?azmufjyefjcif; f vuPmonf 0,-ysujf cif;rnf\/ (tjzpftysufu) Ijrifjcif;onf Pfrnf\/ um; ygVd kd wnf;/
110
266 xda,m*Donf ygVdenf;jzifh jzpfay:qJjzpfaom emrfy\ jzpfay:jcif; vuPm [laom jzpfjcif; k k f ay:jcif;udk topfjzpfaom tjcif;t&mudk ]]O',-jzpfjcif;}} [lif;? azmufjyefjcif; vuPm [laom ukejf cif; ysufjcif;udk ]]0,-ysufjcif;}} [lif; Ijrif\/ xdk a,m*Donf odYk tjym;tm;jzifh od\-]]jzpfay:onfrS aS; rjzpfay:vmao;aom emrfy\ tpktyHonfif; taygif;onfif; SEionfr[kwacs? jzpfay:qJ jzpfaom k f k d S hf f emrfy\vnf; (SNd yD;aom) tpktyHrif; taygif;rSif; vmjcif;rnfonf rSacs? csKyfqjJ zpfaom emrfyf k f k S d k \vnf; wlt&yf taxmifh t&yfoYkd oGm;jcif;rnfonf rSacs? csKyfNyD;aom emrfy\vnf; wpHwckaom l d k f k t&yf tpktyHtm;jzifif; taygif;tm;jzifif; odr; odr;qnf;onfh taetm;jzifh wnfaejcif;rnfonf rSacs/ k h h k DS f dS d Oyrmtm;jzifh wD;tyfaom apmif;rS jzpfay:vmaom toHrm jzpfonfrS aS; (rjzpfru) tpkta0; rnfonfrSacs? S D d jzpfay:qJ toHonfvnf; pka0;ae&mrS vmcJonf r[kwacs? csKyfqjJ zpfaom apmif;oH\vnf; wlt&yf taxmifh h f l t&yfoYkd oGm;jcif;rnfonf rSacs? csKyfavNyD;aom apmif;oHonfvnf; wpHwckaom t&yfrQ pka0;vsuf wnfdS d k aeonf r[kwacs? pifppfaomfum; apmif;udif; vufcwfuif; wD;aom ol\ xdtoH tm;avsmfaom tm;xkwf f k kd k jcif;udif; pGr (tpyXru) rSao;rlomvQif jzpfay:vm\? jzpfay:NyD;vQif wzef aysmufu,om;\/ k J DS d G f G twlyif tvH;pHaom kyemrf w&m;wkYd onfvnf; (tpyXru) rSueromvQif jzpfay:vmuke\? jzpfay: k k f d k f l f NyD;vQif wzef aysmufu,om;uke\}} [l tjym;tm;jzifh od\/ G f G f 724/ qdconftwdi; tusOf;tm;jzifh tjzpftysuf ESv;oGi;jcif; (Ijcif;)udk yNyD;vQif wzef k hJ h k f kH f O',A,PfuyifvQif tus,fa0bef&m .... kd ]]t0dZm\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumifh ky\ jzpfjcif;onf S\[k taMuif;\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;) f d oabmaMumifh lyuEm\jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? wPSm\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumif/ uH\jzpfjcif; h (Sjd cif;)aMumif/ tm[m&\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumifh ky\ jzpfjcif; S\[k taMumif;\jzpfjcif; h f d (Sjd cif;) oabmaMumifh lyuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? jzpfay:jcif; vuPmudk Ijrifonf jzpf vnf; lyuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? lyuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifonfaomf (Ijrifaomolonf) dS ig;yg;aom vuPmwkdYudk Ijrif\/ t0dZm\ csKyfjcif;aMumifh ky\csKyfjcif;onf jzpf\[k taMumif;\ csKyfjcif; oabm f aMumifh lyuEm\ ysufjcif;udk Ijrif\/ wPSm\ csKyfjcif;aMumif/ uH\csKyfjcif;aMumif/ tm[m& h h \ csKyfjcif;aMumifh ky\ csKyfjcif;onf jzpf\[k taMumif;\ csKyfjcif; oabmaMumifh lyuEm\ f ysufjcif;udk Ijrif\/ azmufjyefjcif; vuPmudk Ijrifonf jzpfvnf; lyuEm\ ysujf cif;udk Ijrif\/ lyuEm\ ysufjcif;udk Ijrifonf Saomf ig;yg;aom vuPm wkYd ukd Ijrif\}}/ d xkdYtwl ]]t0dZm\jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumifh a0'em\ jzpfjcif;onf S\[k taMumif;\ d jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;) oabmaMumifh a0'emuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? wPSm\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;) aMumif/ uH\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumif/ z\jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;)aMumifh a0'em\ jzpfjcif;onf h h Sd\[k taMumif;\ jzpfjcif; (Sjd cif;) oabmaMumifh a0'emuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? jzpfay: jcif; vuPmudk Ijrifonf jzpfvnf; 267 a0'emuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrif\? a0'emuEm\ jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifonf Saomf ig;yg;aom vuPmwkYd ukd Ijrif\/ d t0dZm\ csKyfjcif;aMumif/ wPSm\ csKyfjcif;aMumif/ uH\ csKyfjcif;aMumif/ z\ h h h csKyfjcif;aMumifh a0'em\ csKyfjcif;onf jzpf\[k taMumif;\ csKyfjcif; oabmaMumifh a0'em uEm\ ysufjcif;udk Ijrif\? azmufjyefjcif; vuPmudk Ijrifonf jzpfvnf; a0'emuEm\ ysujf cif;udk Ijrif\? a0'emuEm\ ysufjcif;udk Ijrifonf Saomf ig;yg;aom vuPmwkYd ukd d Ijrif\}}/ a0'emuEm\ (tjzpftysufukd Ijrifo)uJoYkd onmuEm ocFg&uEm 0dnmPuEmwkYd \ tjzpftysufukd h vnf; Ijrif\? qdvwHaom IyrQom xl;onf? 0dnmPuEm\ (tjzpf tysufukd I&m) z t&mwGif ]]emrf k h kH kyf\ jzpfjcif;aMumif?h emrfy\ csKyfjcif;aMumif}h } [k (qdrQom xl;onf)/ k f k Hk odYk vQif wyg;wyg;aom cEm\ tjzpftysufukd I&m vuPm q,fyg;pD y tMuif ig;q,faom vuPmwkYd ukd a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\? xdk ig;q,faom vuPmwkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh ]]odkYvnf; kyf\ k f
111
jzpfjcif;onf jzpf\? odkYvnf; kyf\ ysujf cif;onf jzpf\? kyonf odYk vnf; jzpfay:\? kyfonf odkY f vnf; ysuf\}}[k taMumif;tm;jzifif;? cPtm;jzifif; tus,ftm;jzifh ESv;oGi;jcif;udk y\/ h h kH f 725/ qdkcaomenf;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom xda,m*Dtm; ]]odYk aom tjcif;t&m tm;jzifh kyemrf w&m; hJ kH f k f wkYd onf tpyXru rSuer jzpfay:vmukeowwf? jzpfay:NyD;vQif wzef aysmufu,om; ukeowwf}} [l d k f l f G f G f (jzpfaom) todPfonf txl;ojzifh oefYi;xufjrufvmay\/ qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; taMumif;tm;jzifif; cP S f h tm;jzifif; ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh tjzpftysufukd Ijrifaom xda,m*Dtm; opmtjym; y#dporkyg'ftjym; enf; h f k tjym; vuPmtjym;wkYd onf xifm;ay:uke\/ S f 726/ xda,m*Donf t0dZm ponfwYdk \ jzpfjcif;aMumifh cEmwkYd\ jzpfjcif;udif; t0dZm ponfwYdk \ k k csKyfjcif;aMumifh cEmwkYd \ csKyfjcif;udif; Ijrif\? Ijrifjcif;onf xda,m*D\ taMumif;tm;jzifh tjzpftysuf k k udk jrifjcif;aywnf;/ xdYk jyif jzpfay:jcif; vuPm azmufjyefjcif; vuPmwkYd ukd Ijrifonfjzpf cEmwkYd \ tjzpf tysufukd Ijrif\? Ijrifjcif;onf xda,m*D\ cPtm;jzifh tjzpftysufukd jrifjcif;aywnf;/ rSeay\? jzpfay: k f jcif; vuPmonf jzpfqJ Oyg'fcPomvQif S\? azmufjyefjcif; vuPmonfvnf; ysuqbifcP omvQif d f J Sd\/ 727/ odYk jzpf qdconftwdi; taMumif;tm;jzifif; cPtm;jzifif; ESpyg;tjym;tm;jzifh tjzpf k hJ h k f h h f tysufukd Ijrifaom xdk (a,m*D)tm; taMumif;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh ork',opm xifSm;\? (tb,fh aMumifenf;[lr) jzpfapwwfaom Zeu taMumif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ cPtm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk h l k f h Ijrifjcif;jzifh 'kuopmxifSm;\? (tb,faMumifenf; [lr) jzpfjcif;qif;&J (Zmwd'u)udk xd;xGi; odjcif; h h l k k f aMumifwnf;/ taMumif;tm;jzifh ysufjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh eda&m"opmxifSm;\? (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) h h h l taMumif;rjzpfvQif (rSvQif) taMumif;ESipyfaom tusKd;w&m;wkYd \ rjzpfjcif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ d hf k f h cPtm;jzifh ysufjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh 'kuopmyifvQif xifm;\/ (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) aojcif; qif;&J S h h l (r&P'ku)udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumihwnf;/ 268 xdYk jyif xkd (a,m*D)tm; tMuiftjzpf tysufukd Ijrifaom k f f PfonfSd\? (O',A,0dyem) Pfonf avmuDr*faywnf;? odYk jzpf r*opmxifSm;\? (tb,fh aMumifh enf;[lr) xdavmuDr*f ]]ud,wiawGY rodr}I } [laom awGa0jcif;udk y,fowfjcif;aMumifwnf;/ l k k f kd f h 728/ xdrwyg; taMumif;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh xdk a,m*Dtm; tEkvkH y#dporkyg'f xifSm;\? k S (tb,faMumifenf; [lr) taMumif;SvQif tusKd;jzpfonf[k xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ taMumif; h h l d k f h tm;jzifh ysufjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;tm;jzifh y#dvkH y#dporkyg'f xifSm;\ (tv,faMumifh enf;[lr) taMumif; h l csKyfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;csKyfonf[k xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ cPtm;jzifh tjzpftysufukd Ijrifjcif;jzifh k f h taMumif;udk pGjzpfaom (y#dporkyE) tusKd;w&m;wkYd xifm;uke\? (tb,faMumifh enf;[lr) ocFw J S f h l vuPmudk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;? rSeay\? jzpfjcif;ysujf cif;Saom w&m;wkYd onf ocFww&m;wkYd k f h f d aywnf;? xdk ocFw w&m;wdYk onfvnf; taMumif;udk pGjzpfaom w&m;wdYk aywnf;/ J 729/ xdrwyg; taMumif;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh xda,m*Dtm; wckwnf; wa,mufwnf;[k k S k ,l&aom {uwenf; xifSm;\? (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) taMumif;ESitusKd; qufpyfjcif;jzifh kyemrftpOf h h l hf f oEmef\ rjywfpjJ cif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;? xdtcg jywfpt,l-Oap''d|ukd omaumif;pGmy,f\/ k f h k J d cPtm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh wjcm;pD[k ,l&aom emewenf; xifSm;\? (tb,faMumifh enf;[lr) h l topftopf jzpfaom kyemrfwYdk \ jzpfay:jcif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;? xdtcg wnfNrJt,lf k f h k ow'd|uom aumif;pGm y,f\/ xkYd jyif taMumif; tm;jzifh jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;udk Ijrifjcif;aMumifh aMumihMf u d dk Asmyg&rS[k ,l&aom tAsmyg&enf; xifSm;\? (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) oabmw&m;wkYd \ tvdktwdkif; d h h l rjzpfapEdijf cif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;? xdtcg igaumif[k ,lqaom tw'|ukd om aumif;pGm k k f h k d d y,f\/ xdYk jyif taMumif;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh odYk jzpf;twdi; jzpfonf[k ,l&aom dk k f {0H"rwmenf; xifSm;\? (tb,faMumifh enf;[lr) taMumif;tm;avsmfpm tusKd;\ jzpfjcif;udk xd;xGi; h l G k f odjcif;aMumifwnf;? xdtcg aumif;rIraumif;rIukd rytyf ryEdi[k ,laom tud&,'d|ukd om aumif;pGm h k k f d d y,f\/ 730/ xdrwyg; xda,m*Dtm; taMumif;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udk Ijrifjcif;jzifh tewvuPm xifSm;\? k S k (tb,haMumifenf;[lr) kyemrfw&m;wkYd \ tm;rxkwwwfonf\ tjzpf taMumif;ESihf pyfaom jzpfjcif;Sonf f h l f f d
112
\ tjzpfwYdk ukd xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ cPtm;jzifh tjzpftysufukd Ijrifjcif;jzifh tedpvuPm xifSm;\? k f h (tb,faMumifenf; [lr) jzpfay:NyD;vQif rSjd cif; uG,aysmuf oGm;jcif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifif; aSYtzdYk h h l f k f h aemuftzdYk uif;qdwonf\ tjzpfukd xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifif;aywnf;/ 'kuvuPmvnf; xifm;\? f k f h S (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;wkYd u rjywfEypufjcif;udk xd;xGi; odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ obm0 h h l dS f k f h vuPmvnf; xifm;\? (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) jzpfjcif;ysujf cif;jzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaom oabmudk xd;xGi; S h h l k f k f odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ obm0vuPm ocFwvuPm\ tcdutwefYrQ wnfonf\ tjzpfonfvnf; xifm; h k f S \/ (tb,faMumifenf;[lr) jzpfqcP ysujf cif;\if; ysufqcP jzpfjcif;\if; rSonftjzpfukd xd;xGi; h h l J J d k f odjcif;aMumifwnf;/ h 731/ qdconftwdi; opmtjym; y#dporkyg'ftjym; enf;tjym; vuPmtjym; xifm;ay:vsuf k hJ h k f S Sdaom xda,m*Dtm; ]] kyemrfw&m;wkYd onf aS;urjzpfb;ukeao;yJ yHk enf;jzifh jzpfay:vmukeowwf? k f l f f jzpfay:vmukeNf yD;vQifvnf; yHk enf;jzifh csKyfavukeowwf}} [l 264 ocFg&w&m;wkYd onf tNrJwef; f topfwYdk csnf;omvQif jzpfuevsuf xifay:uke\/ oufouf tNrJwef; topfwYdk csnf;omjzpfvsuf xifay:ukef k f f onf r[kwao;? trSetm;jzifaomfum; aexGuaom tcg ESi;aygufuoYkd if; a&yGuuoYkd if; a& 'kwjf zifh f f h f f hJ f hJ a&;aom ta&;taMumif;uJoYdk if; tyfezm;xGi; pl;zsm; wifvuaom rkenif;aphuoYkd if; vQyfjyufouJoYkd if; h f kd f f hJ h vsijf refwawmif;aom umvrQ wnfueonf[vnf; xifay:uke\/ rsufvnhf wHvyf tdyruf nOfarSmif kd k f l f S S f h xJ jrif&aom rD;ppuf0i; *EAewf uswfo&wYdk zefqif;jyaomrdY a&ryfpif iSuaysmwH; ponfwYdk uoYkd tESpf kd f l J kd f k hJ rSuef tESpuif;uke\ [lvnf; xifay:uke\/ d k f f f rQ (tm;xkwcaom bm0em tpDt&if)jzifh a,m*Donf ]]ysufjcif;oabmSaom w&m;onf omvQif f hJ d jzpfay:vm \? jzpfay:vmNyD;aom w&m;onfvnf; ysujf cif; uG,aysmufjcif;odYk a&mufav\}} [laom tjcif;t&m f jzifh ig;q,fwwaom vuPmwkYd ukd xd;xGi;odvsuf wnfaom (tjzpftysuukd IjrifaomaMumif) O',A,m d d k f f h Ekyemrnfaom Ekaom 0dyemPfukd &NyD; jzpfay\? ,if; Ekaom 0dyemPfukd &jcif;aMumifh tm;xkwp f yNyD;aom 0dyemIol (tm&'0yu yk*Kd vf) [laom ta&twGuoYkd a&muf\/ d f
0dyemnpfnL;aMumif; OyudavowkdYudk jyqdkcsuf

732/ xdtcg Ekaom 0dyemjzifh tm;xkwp yNyD;aom 0dyemIol (tm&'0yu yk*Kd vf) k f d jzpfaom a,m*Dtm; q,fyg;aom 0dyem npfnL;aMumif; Oyuavo wkYd onf jzpfay:vmuke\? rSeay\? d f f 0dyem npfnL;aMumif; OyuavowkYd onf r*f zdvf edAmef [laom y#da0"odYk a&mufNyD;aom t&d,mom0u d k tm;if; azmufjyef rSm;,Gi;pGm usifaom yk*Kd vftm;if; ur|mef;udk csxm; &yfem;aeaom yk*Kd vftm;if; f h ysif;&d(pGm tm;xkwae)aom yk*Kd vftm;if; rjzpfay: uke?f trSetm;jzifaomfum; enf;vrf;rSepm usifonf jzpf f f h f G h rjywf rpJ tm;xkwaeaom (O',A,Pf jzpfay:onfwiatmif) tm;xkwpyNyD;aom 0dyem Iojl zpfaom f kd f f trsKd;aumif;om;tm; jzpfay:ukeonf omvQifwnf;/ f xdq,fyg;aom OyuavowkYd onf tb,fonfwYdk enf;[lrl (1) Mobmo-ta&miftvif;? (2) Pk d Pf? (3) yDw-ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif;? (4) y'-Nidr;at;jcif;? (5) okc-csr;omjcif;? (6) t"d armud f d hf d f f ,HMk unfq;jzwfjcif;? (7) y*[-cs;ajrmuf tm;xkwjf cif;? (8) Oy|me-owdxifjcif;? (9) Oayum-tnDtrQ kH D vspfvsL Ijcif;? (10) eduE-Niduyfw,wmjcif;? q,fyg;wdYk yifwnf;/ rSeay\? d G f f ]]w&m;xl;[k xifrwaom ysHYviru azmufjyefpm ,ltyf jzpfaptyfaom pdwonf S f G hf I G f tb,foYkd jzpf oenf;[lr rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aom yk*Kd vftm; ta&miftvif;onf jzpfay:vm l kH f \? ]]ta&miftvif;onf w&m;xl;wnf;}}[k ta&miftvif;udk ESv;oGi; qifjcif\? xdoYkd kH f k ESv;oGi; qifjcifjcif;aMumifh ysYH vijhf cif;onf O'prnf\? xdysYH viaom O'pu rSm;,Gi;pGm kH f G k G hf f ,ltyf jzpfaptyfonfh pdwaom yk*Kd vfonf rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xifjcif;udk f dS [kwwi;rSepm rod/ qif;&Jaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ twr[kwaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f kd f f G h f xifjcif;udk [kwwi;rSepm rod}}/ f kd f f G xdYk twl ]]rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aom yk*Kd vftm; Pfonf jzpfay:vm\/y/ yDwdonf/ kH f y'onf/ okconf/ t"darmuonf/ y*[onf/ Oy|meonf/ Oayumonf/ eduEonf d d
113
jzpfay:vm\/ ]]eduEdonf w&m;xl;wnf;}}[k eduEukd ESv;oGi; qifjcif\/ xdoYdk Ev;oGi; d kH f k S kH f qifjcifjcif;aMumifh ysYH vijhf cif;onf O'p rnf\? xdysYH viaom O'pu azmufjyefpm ,ltyf G k G hf G jzpfaptyfonfh pdwaom yk*Kd vfonf rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xifjcif;udk [kwwi; f dS f dk f rSepm rod/ qif;&Jaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ twr[kwaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xifjcif;udk f G h f [kwwi;rSepm rod}} [laom -f kd f f G pum;udk (y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmf) a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d 270 733/ xdMk obmo paom q,fyg;aom Oyuavo wkYd wif Mobmo ta&mif tvif; [lonfum; d G 0dyem (pdwaMumifh jzpfaom) ta&miftvif;wnf;/ xdk ta&miftvif; jzpfvwfaomf a,m*Dy*Kd vfonf ]]rS f k aS;umv ightm; odYk oabmSaom ta&miftvif;onf pifppftm;jzifh rjzpfay:cJb;ao;? rcRwf {uefyif d h l igonf r*foYkd a&mufNyD zdvoYkd a&mufNyD}}[k r*f r[kwonfukd yifvQif r*f[if; zdvr[kwonfuyifvQif k f f l k f f kd zdkvf[lif; ,l\? r*fr[kwonfukd r*f [lif; zdvf r[kwonfukd zdv[if; ,lvQif xdk a,m*D\ 0dyem f k f k f l vrf;onf ab;odYk zJom;onf rnf\? xda,m*Donf rdr\ rlvur|mef;udk pGeYf vwf NyD;vQif ta&miftvif;udk h G k d T omvQif om,mvsuf aeavawmh\/ xdoYkd (jzpfay:vm)aom tvif;a&mifonf tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; wifyviacG t&yf XmeudomvQif k f k vif;apvsuf jzpfay:\? tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; wducef;wGi;t&yfu/ tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; wducef; tjyifbufukd k f f kd k f aomfvnf;/ tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; wausmif;vH;udk/ w*g0kwf t&yfudk/ ,lZemcGJ t&yfudk/ w,lZem t&yfudk/ k ESp,Zemt&yfu/ oH;,lZemt&yfu/y/ tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; ajrjyifrS tued| jA[mjynfwiatmif wckwnf; f l kd k kd kd f aom ta&mif tvif; Sonfukd yvsuf jzpfay:\? jrwfpmbk&m;rSm rlum; waomif;aom avmu"mwfukd vif;ap d G vsuf jzpfay:av\/ xdta&miftvif;\ odYk xl;jcm;aom twdi;tSnf S&m atmufygrSm om"u 0wKwnf; -k k f d wqifpum; Mum;&onfrm-pdwvawmifwif eH&H ESpxyf Saom ausmif;aqmif\ twGif; 2-yg;aom h S G f d rax&fwYdk onf xdivsuf aeuke\/ xkaeYonfvnf; vuG,f OykoaeY jzpf\? t&yfrsufEmwkYd ukd rdC;wdrvm k f f d f S k f f T zHk;tkyfvsuf Sd\? nOftcsde t*Fgav;yg; Saom tarSmifonf jzpfvsuf S\? xdtcg wyg;aom rax&fu h f d d k ]]tSib&m;? ,cktcg tuREfyrm apwD,ifjyifu oD[moeac: jrwfaom ae&m ig;yg;aom tqif;Sdaom f k k f S yef;wkYd onf xifay:aeygukef\}}[k qdk\/ xdrax&fukd tjcm;rax&fu ]]ighi?f thz,f r[kwonfukd ajymbd\? k S H G f ighrmrl ,cktcg r[mork'&mxJu w,lZemcefY us,faom t&yf ig;ESivywYdk onf xifay:aeuke\}}[k qkd\/ S hf d f f 0dyemnpfnL;aMumif; Oyuavoonf rsm;aomtm;jzifh orxESihf 0dyem ESpyg;vH;udk &aomol d f k tm; jzpfwwf\? orxESihf 0dyem ESpyg;vH;udk &aom xda,m*Donf ormywfjzifh cGgtyfNyD;aom udavom f k k wkYd \ rjzpfay:vmjcif;aMumifh ]]igonf &[Emwnf;}}[k xifaom pdwukd jzpfap\? (tb,fuoYkd enf; [lr) f hJ l Op0gvdut&yf oDwif;oH;aom r[mem*rax&fuoYkd if; [Hue t&yf oDwif;oH;aom r[m'w rax&fuoYkd k hJ k hJ if; pdwvawmif eduayEu ur|mef; ausmif; oDwif;oHaom plVokre rax&fuoYkd if;yif jzpfayonf/ xdwif k hJ k G atmufygrSm wckaom 0wKudk jyqdcsufwnf; k wv*F&t&yf oDwif;oH;aom "r'E rax&ftrnfaom uGjJ ym; xl;jcm;aom y#dor'gESihf jynfpaom k d dS d h kH &[Emrax&fBuD; wyg;onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;oHCmtm; 271 tqH;trMo0g' ay;aom rax&f jzpfowwf? xdk k "r'Erax&fonf waeYaomtcg rdr\ aeYoefYpif&mt&yf xkiaevsuf ]]igwkYd \ q&mjzpfaom Op0gvdut&yf d d d f oDwif;oH;aom r[mem*rax&fBuD;tm; &[ef;tjzpf udponf tNyD;tqH; odYk a&mufNyDavavm? ra&mufao;bl; k k avavm}}[k qifjcifvwfaomf xdrax&fBuD;\ ykxZOf tjzpfuomvQif awGYjrif ]]igroGm;onfaomf ykxZOf\ k k dk dS k aojcif;udomvQif y&Smvdrrnf}}[k odaomaMumifh wefc;jzifh aumif;uifoYdk yswufom;NyD;vQif aeYoefYpif&m k hf kd H G t&yf xkiaeaom r[mem*rax&fBuD;\ teD; oufqif; Sc;vsuf tktaoay;rI 0wfukd yNyD;vQif wckaom d f d kd d ae&m xdiaeav\? ]]ighif "r'E? tcgr[kwyJ tb,haMumifh vmoenf;}}[k ar;vwfaomf ]]jyemudk k f S d f f ar;jcif;iSg vmcJygonf tSib&m;}}[k avQmuf\? xdtcg ]]ighi?f ar;ayawmh? odvQif ajzuket}Hh }[k qdvwfaomf h f k k S f k jyemaygif; waxmifukd ar;avQmufav\/
114
r[mem* rax&fonf ar;wdi; ar;wdi;udk Nidw,f zifaES;jcif; rSromvQif ajzMum;av\/ xdktcg k f k f G h d l ]]tSib&m;? tSib&m;wkYd \ Pfonf tvGeyif xufjrufygayonf/ tSib&m;wkYd onf w&m;udk b,f f k f k f f k tcgu &xm;ygoenf;}}[k avQmufxm;vwfaomf ]],cktcgrS tESpajcmufq,f umvu &cJonf ighi}f }[kq\/ f h S dk ]]tSifbk&m;? orm"dudkvnf; toHk;yygukefao; oavm}}[k ar;vwfaomf ]]ighi?f orm"dukd toH;yjcif;onf S k 0efrav;}}[k qd\/ ]]odYk jzpfvQif tSib&m;? qifwaumifukd zefqif; ygukeavmh}}[k avQmuf\/ r[mem* k f k f rax&fonf tvH;pHk jzLaom qifukd (tvdnmOfjzif) zefqif;\/ ]]tSifbk&m;? ,cktcg qifonf em;Gufukyf k h vsuf tNrD;udk axmif ESmarmif;udk cHwi; xnfNh yD;vQif aMumufrufz,f aumif;aom qifatmfoukd yvsuf G f G H tSib&m;wkYd qoYkd aS;I yvsuf vmatmif xdqifukd yygukeO;avmh}}[k avQmuf\/ r[mem*rax&fonf xdoYkd f k D k f D k avQmufonftwdi; yNyD;vQif vsiaom t[kejf zifh ajy;vmaom qif\ aMumufrufz,aumif;aom tjcif;t&mudk h k f f G f jrifvwfaomf x ajy;&ef tm;xkwav\/ xdoYkd (ajy;&eftm;xkw)aom r[mem&rax&fukd "r'E &[Em f k f d rax&fonf vufukd qefY ouFe;pGe qGuivsuf ]]tSib&m;? &[Emyk*Kd vftm; aMumufYHG jcif; rnfonf Syg f f J kd f f k d ao;oavm}}[k avQmuf\/ xdr[mem*rax&fonf xdtcg rdr\ ykxZOftjzpfukd od ]]ighif "r'E? ig\ tm;xm; rSc&m k k d k S d D kd jzpfygavmh}} [k qdvsuf ajc&if; (ajcteD;) aqmifaMumifh xdiae\/ ]]tSifbk&m;? tuREkfyfonf tSifbk&m;wkdY\ k h k f tm;xm;rSc&m jzpfaprnf[k &nf, vmcJygonf? rpd;&drygukevif}h }[k qd ur|mef;udk a[mMum;\/ r[m D kd G f h k f f k em*rax&fonf ur|mef;udk ,lNyD;vQif pBuFeoYkd wuf (tm;xkwf vwfaomf) wwd, ajcvSr; &[Em\ f f tjzpf[aom tjrwfq; zdvoYkd a&mufawmfrav\/ r[mem*rax&fonf a'goajymaom a'gopkuf Sowwf/ l kH k f l d d odYk oabmSaom &[ef;wkYd onf ta&mif tvif;aMumifh wkevyue\/ (1) d f I f k f 734/ P-Pf[onfum; 0dyemPfwnf;/ kyemrfw&m; wkYd ukd EIi;csdrp;prf; aomxdk a,m*Dtm; l f d f f l ypfvwvuaom oMum;rif;\ 0&ZdevufeufuoYkd rysufaom t[keonf jzpf xufjruf &J&ifaom tvGef T f kd f f hJ f dS h oefYSi;aom todPfonf jzpfay:vmowwf/ (2) f 272 yDw-[lonfum; 0dyemPfEihf ,SOaom yDwwnf;/ xdk a,m*Dtm; xdtcg tenf;i,f d S f d k ESporhf 0rf;ajrmufrI [laom ck'umyDwd cPcPqif jzpfaom ESporhf 0rf;ajrmufrI [laom cPdumyDwd f d d h f d vIuvuvvJS ouf0ifvsuf ESpor0rf;ajrmufrI [laom MouEumyDwd cke<f uwufapwwfaom ESporhf d f dI f JS f d hf d f d 0rf;ajrmufrI [laom OaA*gyDwd wuk,v; ESYH apvsuf ESpor0rf;ajrmufrI [laom z&PyDw[l ig;yg;tjym; d f kH f d hf d Saom ESpf odr0rf;ajrmufrI - yDwonfvnf; wud,v;udk jynfapvsuf jzpfay:vmowwf/ (3) d hf d k f kH h y'd-Nidr;at;jcif; [lonfum; 0dyemPfEihf ,SOaom ud,pw\ Nidr;at;rI-y'daywnf;/ f S f k f d f f xdtcg nOfoefYpif&m t&yfjzpfap aeYoefYpif&m t&yfjzpfap xdi(vsuf tm;xkw) aeaom xdk a,m*Dtm; k h k f f ud,pwwYdk \ ylyefjcif; rnfonf rS?d av;vHjcif; rnfonf rS?d Murf;wrf; cufxefjcif; rnfonf rS?d trI k f d f rcHjh cif;-rypGr;Edijf cif; rnfonf rS?d ruse;rmjcif; rnfonf rS?d aumufuspjf cif; rnfonfrS?d pifppftm;jzifh f k f aomfum; ud,EipwwYdkonf Nidr;at;ukeonfomvQif jzpfue\? ayg;yg;ukeonf El;nHueonf trI cHuef k f S hf d f f f k f f h k f h k onf aumif;pGm oefYi;oefpr;ukeonf ajzmifrwf ukeonfomvQif jzpfue\/ xdk a,m*Donf Nidr;at;jcif; S f G f f h f k f f ponfwYdk jzifh csD;ajrmuf axmufytyfaom ud,pwonfjzpf xdtcg vlwYkd Eirqkiaom aysmarGYjcif; hH k f d f dS k S hf d f f rnfonfukd cHpm;& \? ,if;odYk aom aysmfarGYjcif;udk &nf ]]qdwNf idraom ur|mef;ausmif;odYk 0ifvsuf Nidr;at;aom pdwf Sonfjzpf kyemrfw&m;udk f f d f rSeuefpm jrifaom &[ef;tm; vlwYkdEihf rqkiaom aysmarGYjcif;onf jzpfay:\/ f G S d f f tMuif tMuif kytzdYk emrftzdYk rS cEmwkYd \ tjzpftysufukd oH;oyf\? xdxo;oyfwi;aom f k k kd kH kd f kytzdYk emrftzdYk rS 0rf;ajrmufjcif;-yDwd ESportm;&jcif;-ygarmZukd &\/ xdkyDwdygarmZ f f d hf onf tjzpftysufukd odjrifaom a,m*DwYdk\ trdufedAmef aywnf;}}[k ..... jrwfpmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrayonf/ qkconftwdi; xda,m*Dtm; vlwYdk Eihf rqdiaom aysmfarGYjcif;udk G l d hJ h k f k S k f NyD;apvsuf ayghyg;jcif;-v[kwm ponfwYdkEihf ,SOaom Nidr;at;rI-y'onf jzpfay:vm\/ (4) S f f d
115
okc [lonfum; 0dyemPfEi,Oaom csrf;om-okcwnf;/ xda,m*Dtm; xdtcg wud,v;udk S hf S f k k k f kH pkysKdapvsuf tvGeaumif;jrwfaom csrf;omonf jzpfay:vmowwf/ (5) d f t"darmu-qH;jzwfjcif; [lonfum; ,HMk unfrI MunfvifrI o'g w&m;wnf;/ xda,m*Dtm; 0dyemESihf k k ,SOonfomvQif jzpfaom pdwf apwoduwYdkukd tvGetuJ Munfvifapwwfaom tm;BuD;aom ,HMk unfr-o'g f f f I w&m;onf jzpfay:vm\/ (6) y*[-cs;ajrmufjcif; [lonfum; tm;xkwrI vHYk v-0D&,wnf;/ xda,m*Dtm; 0dyemESi,Oonf D f d k hf S f omvQif jzpfaom ravsmve; rwif;vGe;aom aumif;pGm cs;ajrmuftyfaom tm;xkwr-0D&,onf jzpfay:vm\/ h G f f D f I d (7) Oy|me-xifjcif; [lonfum; trSw&rI-owdwnf;/ xda,m*Dtm; 0dyemESihf ,SOonfomvQifjzpfaom f k f aumif;pGm xifaom aumif;pGm wnfwaom ajr0ifrsm;aom wdiuoYdk rvIym;aom awmifrif;ESiwaom hH k f hJ f S hf l trSw&rI-owdonf jzpfay:vm\/ xda,m*Donf tMuif tMuif t&mXmeudk qifjcifjim;thH pOf;pm;jim;tHh ESv; f k kH oGi;jim;tHh aS;Iouf0if Ijim;tH?h xdxqifjcifwi;aom t&mXmeonf 'dApuKtbdnmOf&aom yk*Kd vftm; f k kd kd f wyg;aom avmuonf xifay:vmouJoYkd xka,m*D\ trSw&rI-owd ouf0if ajy;0if xifay:vm\/ (8) h d f 273 Oayum [lonfum; 0dyEkayumESihf tm0Ze; Oayumaywnf;/ xka,m*Dtm; xdtcg tvH;pHk f d k k aom ocFg&wkYd tv,ftvwf oabmjzpfaom 0dyEkayumonfvnf; tm;BuD;pGm jzpfay:\? raem'Gg& qifjcifr-tm0Ze; Oayumonfvnf; tm;BuD;pGm jzpfay:\? rSeay\? xdtm0Ze; Oayumonf xdxt&mXmeudk I f f k f k kd qifjcifaom xda,m*Dtm; ypfvwvuaom odMum;rif;\ 0&Zdef vufeufuoYkd if; zufcu ajy;0ifaom k T f kd f hJ G f xufjrufaom pif;oGm;jrm;uJoYkdif; &J&ifh xufjrufonfjzpf aqmifom;\/ (9) h G eduE-Niduyfw,wmjcif; [lonfum; 0dyem Niduyfw,wm jcif;wnf;/ xda,m*Dtm; qdconfh d G f G f k k hJ twdi; ta&miftvif; ponfwYdkjzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom 0dyem Niduyfw,wmjcif;udk yvsuf odrarGYaom k f G f f Nidroufaom tjcif;t&mSaom ESpoufaysmfarGYr-eduEonf jzpfay:vm\? ,if;odYk aom eduEukd udavom[k f d f I d d odr;qnf;&ef od&efyif rpGr;EdifyJ Sdwwf\/ (10) f f k ta&miftvif; jzpfay:vm&muJoYkd xdYk twlyif Pf ponfwYdk wivnf; wyg;yg; jzpfay: vmvwf h G f aomf a,m*Dy*Kd vfonf ]]rS aS;umv igtm; odYk oabmSaom Pfonf pifppftm;jzifh rjzpfay:cJb;ao;? k d h l odYk oabmSaom 0rf;ajrmufronf? Nidr;at;rIonf? csr;omonf? ,HMk unfrI pdwMf unfvifronf? vHYk vonf? d I f f I owdonf? nDrQrI Oayumonf? aysmarGYr-(eduE)onf pifppftm;jzifh rjzpfay:cJb;ao;? rcRwf {uefyif igonf f I d h l r*foYkd a&mufNyD zdvoYkd a&mufNyD}}[k r*fr[kwonfuyifvQif r*f[if; zdvr[kwonfuyifvQif zdkvf[lif; k f f kd l k f f kd ,l\/ r*fr[kwonfuyifvQif r*f[if; zdvf r[kwonfuyifvQif zdv[if; ,lvQif xda,m*D\ 0dyem f kd l k f kd k f l k vrf;onf ab;odYk zJom;onf rnf\? xda,m*Donf rdr\ rlvur|mef;udk pGeYf vwNf yD;vQif aysmarGYr-eduEukd h G k d T f I d omvQif om,mvsuf aeavawmh\/ 735/ q,fyg;wkYd wif Mobmo tpSaom 9-yg;wkYd onf Oyuavo\ tmk0wK jzpfaomaMumifh G d d H (if;wdYk u) OyuavowkYd [k qdxm;avonf? tukovjf zpfaomaMumifh qdonfum; r[kw/ eduEonfum; kd d k kd k f d Oyuavovnf; jzpf\? Oyuavo\ tmk0wKvnf; jzpf\/ OyuavowkYd onf tmk0wKtvdtm;jzifh d d H d H k omvQif q,fyg; jzpfue\? pGvrf;rI (*g[) tvdtm;jzifrum; oH;q,f jzpfue\/ tb,foYkd enf;[lr k f J k h l k k f l ]]ightm; ta&miftvif; jzpfay:onf}}[k ,laom oltm; 'd|pJG ('d|*g[) jzpf\? ]]ESpvb,aumif;aom ta&mif d d f kd G f tvif;onf jzpfay:vmayNyDwum;}}[k ,laomoltm; rmepGJ (rme*g[) jzpf\? ta&miftvif;udk om,maom oltm; wPSmpGJ (wPSm*g[) jzpf\? odYk vQif 'd|d rme wPSmwkYd tvdtm;jzifh oH;yg;aom pGvrf;rI (*g[)wkYd k k J jzpfue\? <uif;aom Oyuavo0wK wkYd vnf; xdYk twlyifwnf;/ odYk vQif pGvrf;rI (*g[)wkYd tvdtm;jzifh k f d J k Oyuavo oH;q,fjzpfue\/ ruRrf;usif rvdrmaom a,m*Donf xdo;q,faom OyuavowkYd \ tpGr; d k k f k kH d f tm;jzifh Mobmo ponfwYdkaMumifh wkevyf ysYH vi\/ wkevyf ysHYviyum;-Mobmo ponfwYdk wif wckcukd ]] f I G hf f I G hf kH G k t&monf ig\ Opmwnf;? t&monf igjzpfonf? t&monf ig\ twwnf;}}[k I\ (xifrw\)/ S f xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf -
116
]]ta&miftvif;aMumifif; PfaMumifif; 0rf;ajrmufrI yDwaMumifif; wkevy\? Nidr;at; h h d h f I f f rI-y'aMumifif; csrf;omrI-okcaMumifif; ,if;OyuavowdYk aMumifh pdwonf wkevyf d h h d f f I \/ 274 ,HMk unfq;jzwfr-t"darmuaMumifif; tm;xkwr-y*g[aMumifif; owdxifrkH I h f I h I Oy|meaMumifif; ESv;oGi; qifjcifrI tm0Ze; OayumaMumifif; vspfvsLIr-0dyEkh kH f f h I ayumaMumifif; ESpouf aysmarGYr-eduEaMumifif; wkevy\}}-[k h f f I d h f I f rdeYf que\/ kd k f
r*frSefESifh r*frSm; ydkif;jcm;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf

736/ wwfovrm ynmSaom todPfEihf jynfpaom a,m*Dy*Kd vfonfum; MobmoponfwYdk d d d S h kH k jzpfay:vmukevwfaomf ]]igtm; ta&miftvif;onf jzpfay:vm\? xkoYkd jzpfay:vmaom ta&miftvif; f d onf rNrJaom w&m;wnf; aygif;pk ytyfaom ocFww&m;wnf; taMumif;udp jzpfaomw&m;wnf; ukejf cif; k JG oabmSd\ ysufjcif;oabmS\ aysmufjy,fjcif; oabmS\ csKyfjcif;oabm S\}}[k odYk rvnf xdta&mif d d d l k tvif;udk ynmjzifh ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf\? pl;pdu Iqifjcif\? odYk r[kwf xkd a,m*Dtm; odYk rvnf; IqifjcifrI k f k k f l jzpf\-]]ta&miftvif;onf tu,f tw [kwjf im;tH?h tw[k ,l&ef oif&m\? odYk aomfvnf; twr[kwygyJ h f vsuf ta&miftvif;udk tw[k ,lxm;\? xkYd aMumifh xdta&miftvif;onf tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif; teuf k k k f oabmaMumifh twr[kw?f jzpfay:NyD;vQif rSjd cif;-aysmufu,om;jcif; teufoabmaMumifh rNrJ? jzpfjcif; ysuf G f G jcif;u rjywfEypufjcif; teufoabmaMumifh qif;&Jwnf;}}[k odYk ponfjzifh tvH;pHukd (emrowu) emrf dS f k k oH;oyfykH 7-rsKd; qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifh csJY odtyf\/ ta&miftvif; uJoYkd xdYk twl <uif;aom Oyuavo k k h d 0wKwkYd vnf; odtyf\/ xda,m*Donf qdconftwdi; pl;pdu IqifjcifNyD;vQif ta&miftvif;udk ]] ta&miftvif;onf k k hJ h k f k f ig\Opmr[kw?f ta&miftvif;onf ig r[kw?f ta&miftvif;onf ig\ twr[kwf}}[k I\/ Pfudk/ y/ eduEukd ]]eduEonf ig\ Opmr[kw?f eduEonf igr[kw?f eduEonf ig\ twr[kwf}} [k I\/ d d d d odYk Ijrifaom a,m*Donf Mobmo ponfwYdk aMumifh rwkervIy/ xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onff f ]]tMuif a,m*Dtm; q,fyg;aom XmewkYd ukd odr;qnf; qifjcifaom Pfynm S\? xdk f d a,m*Donf w&m;xl;[k qifjcifvsuf ysYH viaom "rK'p uRr;usivrm\? ysYH vijhf cif; G hf f f d G odYk vnf; ra&muf}}[krdeYf que\/ dk k f qdconftwdi; ysHYvijhf cif;odYk ra&mufaom xda,m*Donf oH;q,ftjym;Saom xdOyuavo tIyf k hJ h k f G k k d k d taxG;udk ajzSi; ]]Mobmo tpSaom w&m;wkYd onf (0dyemvrf;k;) vrf;rSef r[kw?f OyuavorS f d d d vGwaom INrJ Ivsuf vrf;rSeom;aom IorI - 0dyem PfonfomvQif vrf;rSewnf;}}[k vrf;rSeuif; f f G d f f kd vrf;rSm;udif; ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\/ odkYvQif ]] (INrJIvsuf vrf;rSeom;aom IorI ynm) onfum; k k f k f G d (ykAbm*r*f) vrf;rSewnf;? (ta&miftvif; ponf) onfum; vrf;rSer[kw}f }[k vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk f f f S (ydi;jcm;) odjrif wnfaomPfukd r*gr*P'e0dok'd (vrf;rSeEihf vrf;rSm;udk todtjrif pifMu,faom k f f S Pfynm) [l odtyf\/
117
rQ (tm;xkwcaom bm0emtpDt&if)jzifh xda,m*Donf opm oH;yg;ydi;jcm;jcif;udk y(tyf)NyD; jzpfav f hJ k k k f awmh\? tb,foYkd enf;[lr (&cJNh yD;aom) 'd|0o't&m emrfEiyukd ydi;jcm;jcif;jzifh 'kuopm ydi;jcm;jcif;udk l d d k d S hf k f k f k f y(tyf)NyD; jzpfayonf/ (&cJaom) ocFg0dw&P0do'd t&m taMumif;udk odr;qnf;jcif;jzifh ork',opm h k f ydi;jcm;jcif;udk y(tyf)NyD; jzpfayonf? (&qJaom) r*gr*P' 0do't&m vrf;rSeukd uefYowfyi;jcm; k f k d f kd f jcif;jzifh r*opm ydi;jcm;jcif;udk y (tyf)NyD; jzpfayonf? odYk vQif avmuD0yem PfjzifyifvQif opmoH;yg; k f d h k udk ydi;jcm;jcif;udk y (tyf)NyD; jzpfavawmh\/ k f onfum; olawmfaumif;wkYd \ ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif;iSg pD&ifaom 0do'r*fusr;0,f ynmbm0em f d hf k d f t&m r*gr*P'e0do'ukd tus,fjycsuf (r*gr*Pe0do'ea'o) rnfaom ESpq,fajrmufjzpfaom k d k d d f tydi;cPf;wnf;/ k f
r*gr*P'e0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
118
21-y#dy'gP'e0do'ukd tus,jf yqdcsuf k d k

OyudavorSvGwfaom O',A,Pfudk jyqdkcsuf
276 737/ Spfyg;aom PfwkdY\ tpGr;tm;jzifh acgifxyoYkd a&mufaom 0dyemESihf 9-ckajrmuf f d f jzpfaom opmEkavmrduPf [laom 0dyemPftaygif;onf y#dy'gP'e0do'd (t&d,mr*foYkd k a&mufaMumif; tusijhf zpfaom pifMu,faom Pftjrif) rnf\/ Spfyg; [l&m (1) OyuavorS vGwaom ]]INrJ d f Ivsuf vrf;rSeom;aom 0dyem}}[k qdtyfaom O',A, Pf? (2) b*FgEkyemPf? (3) b,wky|me f G k Pf? (4) tm'De0gEkyemPf? (5) edA'gEkyem Pf? (6) rkOwurswmPf? (7) y#docFgEkyemPf? d d k (8) ocFgkayumPf [laom Spyg;aom PfwYdk ukd odtyfue\/ 9-ckajrmuf jzpfaom opmEkavmrduPf f k f [lonfrm tEkavmrPf\ trnfwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh xdk y#dy'gP'e0do'ukd jynfpkH apjcif;iSg tvdaom S k d h k dS a,m*Donf OyuavorSvwaom O',A,Pfukd tpy tqdygPfwYdk tm;xkwjf cif;udk ytyf\/ d G f k 738/ O',A,Pf wzef tm;xkwjf cif;onf tb,ftusKd; Soenf;[lr omrnvuPmudk d l aumif;pGmrSwjf cif; tusKd;S\/ rSeay\? O',A,Pfonf aS; q,fyg;aom OyuavowkYd jzifh npf;onf d f d l jzpf oH;yg;aom omrnvuPmudk [kwwi;rSeaom rdr\oabmtm;jzifh aumif;pGm rSwjf cif;iSg rpGr;Edif k f kd f f d f k cJao;? OyuavorS vGwaom O',A,Pfonfum; pGr;Edif ay\? xkYd aMumifh omrnvuPmudk aumif;pGm h d f f k rSwjf cif;tusKd;iSg t&m wzef tm;xkwjf cif;udk ytyf ay\/ 739/ omrnvuPmwkYd onfum; tb,fw&m;udk ESv;roGi;jcif;aMumifh tb,fw&m;u zH;vTr; kH f k f xm;aomaMumifh rxifay:ukeoenf; tedpvuPmonf jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;wkYd ukd ESv;roGi;jcif;aMumifh tquf f kH f rjywf jzpfaeaom kyemrftpOf oEwynwfu zH;vTr;xm;aomaMumifh rxifay:yJ\/ 'kuvuPmonf rjywf f d k f dS ESypufjcif;udk ESv;roGi;jcif;aMumifh &d,mykxwYdku zH;vTr; xm;aomaMumifh rxifay:yJSd\/ tewvuPm d f kH f f k f onf txl;xl;aom "mwfwYdk \ toD;toD; uGjJ ym;jcif;udk ESv;roGi;jcif; aMumifh wvH;wcJwnf;[k xif&aom kH f k tpdkiftcJ Ceynwfu zH;vTr;xm;aomaMumifh rxifay:yJ\/ jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;udk odr;qnf; (tqufrjywf k f dS f jzpfaeaom kyemrftpOf) oEwynwfukd zsufq; tyfonfaomf (zsufq;vduvQif) rNrJ[rw&aMumif;-tedp f d D dS D k f k S f vuPmonf [kwwi;rSeaom rdr\ oabmtm;jzifh xifay:\/ rjywfEypufjcif;udk ESv;oGi; &d,mykxf f kd f f d dS f kH f udk zGivptyfNyD;onf Saomf (zGivpvuvQif) qif;&J[k rSw&aMumif;-'kuvuPmonf [kwwi; rSeaom hf S f d hf S f kd f f f kd f f rdr\ oabmtm;jzifh xifay:\/ txl;xl;aom "mwfwYdk ukd toD;toD; cGjJ cm; (wvH;wcJwnf;[k xif&aom) d k tpditcJ Ceynwf\ toD;toD; uGjJ ym;jcif;udk ytyfNyD;onfaomf (yvduvQif) twaumif r[kw[k rSw& k f dS k f f f aMumif; tewvuPmonf [kwwi;rSeaom rdr\ oabmtm;jzifh xifay:\/ f kd f f d 740/ t&m tedpEihf tedpvuPm 'kuEihf 'kuvuPm tewEihf tewvuPm [laom S S S cGjJ crf; a0befjcif;udk ody\? xdwif tedp-rNrJaomw&m;[lonfum; cEmig;yg;wnf;? tb,faMumifenf;[lr f k G h h l 277 jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;ESihf xdrS wyg;aom (&ifa&mfjcif;) oabm Sonf\ tjzpfaMumifwnf;? wenf;um; k h d h jzpfay:NyD;vQif rSjd cif; uG,aysmufom;jcif;aMumifh wnf;/ jzpfjcif;ysujf cif;ESihf xdrwyg;aom (&ifa&mfjcif;) f G k S h oabmonf rNrJ[k rSw&aMumif; tedp vuPmrnf\/ wenf;um; jzpfay:NyD;vQif rSjd cif;-uG,aysmufjcif; f f ysufjcif;[laom tjcif;t&m txl;onf tedpvuPmrnf\/ ]]tMuifw&m;onf rNrJ? xdw&m;onf qif;&J}}[k a[mawmfraomaMumifh xdk cEm ig;yg;onfyifvQif k l 'ku-qif;&Jrnf\? tb,haMumifenf;[lr jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;u rjywfEypufjcif;aMumifwnf;? rjywfEypufaom f h l dS f h dS f tjcif;t&monf qif;&J[k rSw&aMumif;-'kuvuPm rnf\/ f ]]tMuifw&m;onf qif;&Jwnf;? xdw&m;onf twr[kw}f }[k a[mawmfraomaMumifh xdk cEmig;yg;onf k l yifvQif tew rnf\? tb,faMumifenf;[lr tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif;aMumifwnf;? tvdtwdi; rjzpfaom tjcif; h h l k k f h k k f t&monf twr[kw[k rSw&aMumif;-tewvuPm rnf\/ f f
119
a,m*Donf OyuavorSm vGwaom ]]vrf;rSef oGm;aom 0dyem}}[k qktyfaom O',A,m d f d EkyemPfjzifh xdk (tedpEihf tedpvuPmpaom) tvH;pHuvnf; [kwwi; rSeaom rdr\ oabmtm;jzifh S k k kd f kd f f d aumif;pGm rSw\/ f
b*FgEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf
741/ qdconftwdi; aumif;pGm rSw kyemrfw&m;wdYk ukd ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k tzef wvJvJ k hJ h k f f f EIi;csef pl;prf;aom xdk a,m*D\ xdEi;csdef pl;prf;aom IorI Pfonf xufjrufonf jzpf aqmifom;\? d f d k dI f d G ocFg&wkYd onf vsifpm xifay:uke\? IorPfonf xufjrufonf jzpf aqmifom;vwfaomf ocFg&wkYd onf G f d I G vsifpm xifay:ukevwfaomf jzpfjcif;odYk if; wnfjcif;odYk if; rjywfjzpfaom kyemrf t,OfodkYif; yHkoPmef G f f edrwoYkdif; ra&mufawmhNyD? ukejf cif; aysmufjcif; [laom csKyfjcif;omvQif trSw&rI owdonf wnfvsu\/ d f f f dS ]]kyemrf ocFg&w&m; taygif;onf odYk jzpfay:NyD;vQif odYk yif csKyfom;onf}}[k Ijrifaom xda,m*Dtm; f G k odYk Ijrifaom t&m Xme b*FgEkyem rnfaom 0dyemPfonf jzpfay:\? ,if; b*FgEkyemPfukd &nf ..... ]]tb,foYkd vQif tmkukd odNyD; ysufjcif;udk wzefaom ynmonf 0dyem rnf H I oenf; kyvQif tmkaom pdwonf jzpfay:NyD;vQif ysufom;\? xdkkyftmkHudk (ukefonf f H dS f G ysuonf[) odNyD; xdoaom pdw\ ysufjcif;udk wzef I\/ wzef\ [l&m tb,foYkd f k k d f I wzef Ioenf; [lr rNrJ[k wzef\ NrJonf[k rI? qif;&J[k wzef I\ csrf;om[k rI? l I twr[kwf[k wzef I\ tw[k rI? NiD;aiGY\ rESpouf raysmfarGY? pufqy\ rwyfruf? f k f csKyfap\ rjzpfap? wzef pGeYf \ r,l/ rNrJ[k Ivwfaomf NrJonf[k xifrwaom edponmudk y,f\? qif;&J[k Ivwf S f aomf csr;om[k xifrwaom okconmudk y,f\? twr[kw[k Ivwfaomf tw[k xif f S f f rSwaom twonmudk y,f\? 278 NiD;aiGYvwfaomf ESpouf aysmfarGYjcif;udk y,f\? f f pufqyvwfaomf wyfrufjcif;udk y,f\? csKyfapvwfaomf jzpfjcif;udk y,f\? wzef pGeYf vwf k f aomf ,ljcif;udk y,f\/ a0'emvQif tmkHSdaom/ y/ onmvQif tmkHSdaom/ ocFg&vQif tmkHSdaom/ 0dnmPfvQif tmkH Sdaom/ rsufpdvQif tmkHSdaom/ y/ tkjd cif; aojcif;vQif tmkaom pdwonf jzpfay: H dS f NyD;vQif ysuom;\/ y/ wzef pGeYf vwonf Saomf ,ljcif;udk y,f\/ f G T f d (tmkH\ tysuf0wKrSaom pdw\ tysuf0wKodYk aTYjcif; [laom) 0wKaTYjcif;if; (tjzpfrS I f qkwepf tysuf wnfjcif;[laom) ynm\ qkwepfjcif;if; ESv;oGi; qifjcifr-tm0Ze; f f kH f I f tm;if;-(t*Fg oH;yg;ESihf jynfpaom ynmonf) tmk\ tysufudk INyD; Iaompdwf\ k h kH H tysufukd wzef Iaom y#docFg 0dyemrnf\/ (jrifNyD;aom) tmkoYkd tpOfvuojzifh (jrif&rjrif&tm;jzif) ESpyg;aom tmkukd wrsKd;wnf; H kd f h f H aom oabmtm;jzifh ydi;jcm;jcif;if; csKyfjcif; ESv;oGi; Twui;jcif;if; (t*Fg ESpyg; k f kH f f kd f f ESihf jynfpaom ynmonf) tysufvuPmudk Iaom 0,vuP 0dyemrnf\/ h kH tmkuvnf; (ysufonf[) odNyD; (Iaompdw\) tysufudkvnf; wzef I\? twrS qdwf H kd k f okO;aom tm;jzifvnf; xif\? (t*FgoH;yg;ESihf jynfpaom ynmonf) vGeuaom f h k h kH f J 0dyemynm jzpfaomaMumifh t"dynm0dyem rnf\/ oH;yg;aom tEkyemwdYk uRrf;usifvrmaom olonf av;yg;aom 0dyemwdYk if; oH; k d k yg;aom xifjcif;wdYk if; uRrf;usifvrmonf\ tjzpfaMumifh trsKd;rsKd;aom rdpmt,lwYdk d aMumifh rwkevyawmhNyD/ f I f xdoronf odwwfaom teufaMumifh Pfrnf\? tjym;tm;jzifh odwwfaom k I d I
120
teufaMumifh ynm rnf\? xdaMumifh ]tmkukd odNyD; tysufukd wzefaom ynmonf k H I 0dyemPf rnf\}[k qdktyf\}} [l (y#dor'gr*f) a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d 742/ xdy#dor'gr*fygVd tmkHudk odNyD; [lonfum; trSwrSd wpHk wckaom tmkukd odNyD;? ]]ukef k d f H oGm;onf ysufom;onf}}[k jrifNyD;? um; (odNyD;-[laomyk'\) teuf/ ysufjcif;udk wzef Iaom ynm G f [lonfum; tmkukd ]]ukeom;onf ysufom;onf}}[k odvsuf jzpfaom xdPf\ ysufjcif;udk I&m tMuif H f G G k ynmonf S\? ynmudk ]]0dyemPf rnf\}}[k qdktyf\? xdynmPfonf tb,foYkd jzpfoenf;[k d k onfum; ajzqdv ar;aom (uaxwk urswm) ykpm\ teufwnf;/ xkYd aemif xdkPf\jzpfykH tjcif;t&mudk k kd jyjcif;iSg ]]kyfvQif tmkHSdaom}} odkY ponfudk rdefYqdkavonf/ xdpum;&yf kyvQif tmkaompdwonf jzpfay:NyD;vQif ysufom;\ [lonfum; kyukd tmkH yaom k f H dS f G f pdwonfjzpfay:NyD;vQif ysuom;\? wenf;um; kyvQif tmkSdonf\tjzpf pdwonf jzpfay:NyD;vQif ysuf f f G f H f oGm; \? um; teuf/ xdtmkukd odNyD; [lonfum; xdytmkukd odNyD;? ]]ukeom;onf ysufom;onf}}[k k H k k f H f G G jrifNyD;? um; teuf/ xdoaompdw\ ysufjcif;udk wzef\ [lonfum; tMuifpwjf zifh xdytmkukd k d f I d k k f H ]]ukeom;onf ysufom;onf}}[k odjriftyfNyD? xdojd rifaompdw\ ysujf cif;udk wyg;aom aemufpwjf zifh wzef f G G k f d I\? um; teuf/ xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf ]]odtyfaom tmkHudkif; odaom 0dyemPfudkif; ESpfyg;vHk;wkdYudkvnf; I\}}[k rdeYf que\/ kd k f 279 (xdoaompdw\ ysufjcif;udk wzef\-[laom) ygVdvnf; tEkywd-wzef\? [lonf k d f I I um; tzefzef\? rsm;pGmaom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh tzefwvJvJ I\? um; teuf/ xkdYaMumifh ]]wzef\ [l&m I I tb,foYkd wzefoenf;[lr rNrJ[k wzef I\}} odkY tpSdonfudk a[mawmfr\/ I l l xdpum;&yf ysujf cif; (bif) rnfonfum; rNrJonfh tjzpf (tedpvuPm)\ jrwfaom (tqH;jzpfaom) k k tzdYk aywnf;? xkYd aMumifh ysufjcif;udk Iaom xda,m*Donf tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m; taygif;udk rNrJ[k I\ k k k NrJonf[k rI/ xkYd aemif rNrJaom w&m;onf qif;&Jyif jzpfaomaMumifif; qif;&Jonf twr[kw-tew h f jzpfaomaMumifif; xdrNrJaom w&m;udyifvQif qif;&J[k I\ csrf;om[k rI? twr[kwf[k I\ tw[k rI/ h k k xdrwyg; tMuifw&m;onf rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw?f xdk w&m;udk rESpouftyf rESpoufoif/ tMuif k S f f h w&m;udk rESpouftyf? xdw&m; rwyfruftyf rwyfrufoif/ xkYd aMumifh ysufjcif;udk Iaom b*FgEkyemodYk f k h tpOfvuojzifh ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k IjriftyfNyD;aom ocFg& w&m;taygif; NiD;aiGY\ rESpouf kd f f raysmarGY? pufqy\ rwyfruf/ f k f odYk rwyfrufaom xda,m*Donf (avmukw&mPfr) aS;OD;pGm avmuDPfjzifh yifvQif wyfrufaom k S &m*udk csKyfap\ rjzpfap? (&m*\) jzpfjcif;udk ry? um; teuf/ wenf;um; odYk pufqyaom xdk k f a,m*Donf jriftyfNyD;aom (ypKye) ocFg& taygif;udk csKyfonf[k IouJoYkd xdYk twl rjrif&aom twdwf f h tem*wf ocFg&udvnf; (jrifNyD;okYd ) tpOfvu rSe;q odaom tEG,Pf\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh csKyfonf[k I\ k kd f f jzpfonf[k rI? csKyfonf[omvQif ESv;oGi;\? xdktwdwf tem*wf ocFg&\ csKyfjcif;udomvQif I\ jzpfjcif; k kH f k udk rI? um; teuf/ xda,m*Donf qkconftwdi; usifonfjzpf wzef pGeYf vw\ r,l? tb,foYkd qvenf; [lr rNrJ k d hJ h k f h T f kd kd l tpSaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh Iaom 0dyemonfvnf; jzpfxuaom tusKd;[laom b0opfcEm uH d kd f [laom tbdocFg&wkYd EiwuG udavomwkYd ukd w'*Fy[mef \ tpGr;tm;jzifh pGeYf y,fjcif; aMumifif; ocFww&m; S hf f h wkYd \ tjypfukd jrifojzifh if;wkYd rS ajymif;jyefjzpfaom edAmef Gwui;onf\ tjzpfjzifh ajy;0ifjcif;aMumifif; f kd f h y&dpm*y#de* (pGeYf vwjf cif; [laom wzefvwjf cif;) rnf\ [lif; yuEey#de* (ajy;0ifjcif; [laom d T T d wzefvTwfjcif;) rnf\ [lif; ac:qdktyf\? xkYd aMumifh xdrNrJ tpSaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh Iaom 0dyemESihf k d jynfpaom &[ef;onf qdcwi;aom enf;jzifh udavomwkYd uvnf; pGeYf y,f\? edAmefvnf; ajy;0if\? h kH k hJ dk f kd
121
jzpfaponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh udavom wkYd uvnf; r,l? tjypfrjrifonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFwtmkuvnf; f kd f H kd r,l/ xkYd aMumifh ]]wzefpeYf \ r,l}} [l qdktyf\/ G 743/ ,cktcg xdtedpEyem tpSaom PfwYdk jzifh xda,m*Donf tMuif w&m;wkYd ukd y,f\? xdk k k d k w&m;wkYd ukd xdoYkd y,fjcif;udk jyjcif;iSg ]]rNrJ[k Ionfaomf NrJonf[k xifrwaom edponmudk y,f\}} odkY k dS S f tpSonfukd rdeYf qavonf/ xdpum;&yf ESpouf aysmarGYjcif; [lonfum; 0rf;ajrmufr-yDwEiwuG jzpfaom d kd k f f I d S hf wPSmwnf;? t<uif;rSm qdcNhJ yD;aomenf; Sonf omvQifwnf;/ k d 280 744/ *gxmwkdYum; 0wK aTYjcif; [lonfum; ky\ ysujf cif;udk jrifNyD;vQif tMuifpwjf zifh ky\ f d f ysujf cif;udk jrif\? xkpw\ ysufjcif;udvnf; wzef Ijrifonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh (ky\ ysufjcif; [laom) aS; d d f k f f 0wKrS (pdw\ ysufjcif; [laom) wyg;aom 0wKodYk aTYjcif;wnf;/ ynm\ qkwepfjcif; [lonfum; jzpfjcif;udk f f y,f ysufjcif; wnfjcif;wnf;/ tm0Ze;tm; [lonfum; ky\ ysufjcif;udk jrifNyD;aemuf ysufjcif;vQif tmkH f f Saom 0dyempdw\ ysujf cif;udk wzef Ijrifjcif;iSg tjcm;rJyifvQif ESv;oGi; qifjcifpr;Edionf\ d f h kH f G f k f tjzpfwnf;/ y#docFg0dyem [lonfum; (t*Fg oH;yg;ESihf jynfpaom ynm)onf tmk\ tysufukd odNyD; k h kH H 0dyempdw\ tysufukd wzef Iaom b*FgEkyem rnf\/ f 745/ tmkoYkd tpOf vduojzifh ESpyg;wkYd ukd wrsKd;wnf; ydi;jcm;jcif; [lonfum; rsuarSmuftm;jzifh H k f f k f f jriftyfNyD;aom (ypKye) tmkoYkd tpOfvuojzifh ]] (ypKyeocFg&) uJoYkd xdYk twl twdwumvvnf; ocFg& f H kd f f h f w&m; taygif;onf ysufcavNyD? tem*wfumvvnf; ysuf vwH}h }[k odYk (rsufarSmufjrif& rjrif&aom) hJ ESpyg;aom tmkwYdkukd (ysujf cif;[laom) wrsK; wnf;aom oabmjzifomvQif ydi;jcm; qH;jzwfjcif;wnf;? um; f H d h k f k teuf/ rSeay\? aS;q&mwdYk onf -f ]]xifm; SqJ (jzpfaom ypKyeocFg&) pifMu,faom Pftjrifaom a,m*Donf xdk (ypKyef S d f dS ocFg&\ tysufukd jrifaomPf)odYk tpOfvuaom tEkrmePfukd twdwf tem*wfocFg& kd f (aqmif\? aqmifyum;) ]tvH;pHaom ocFg& w&m;wkYd onf aexGuvQif ESi;aygufwYdk uoYkd kH k k f f hJ ysufjcif; oabm Sue\}[k aqmif\}} [laom --d k f *gxmudk rdeYf qxm;ay\/ kd csKyfjcif; ESv;oGi;jcif; [lonfum; qdconftwdi; rsufarSmuf jrif& rjrif&aom tmkH ESprsKd;wkYd ukd kH f k hJ h k f f ysujf cif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wrsKd;wnf; ydi;jcm;NyD;vQif ysufjcif;[k qdtyfaom xdcsKyfjcif;omvQif ESv;oGi; f k f k k kH f jcif;wnf;? xdk csKyfjcif; omvQif tav;yjcif; Twjf cif; udi;jcif; Ii;jcif;wnf;? um; teuf/ 0,vuP k f d f 0dyem [lonfum; (t*FgESpyg;ESihf jynfpaom ynm)onf ysufjcif; vuPmudk IaomaMumifh 0,vuPm f h kH 0dyem rnf\ [kqv\/ kd kd 746/ tmkuvnf; odNyD;[lonfum; aS;jzpfaom kyftpSdaom tmkHudkvnf;odNyD;/ ysujf cif;udvnf; H kd k Ijrif\[lonfum; xdk (kyf tpSdaom) tmkH\ ysufjcif;udk IjrifNyD;vQif xdysufjcif;vQif tmkaom 0dyem k H dS pdw\ ysufjcif;udk wzef Ijrif\/ qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh xifjcif; [lonfum; qdconftwdi; ysufjcif;udk f f k f k hJ h k f wzef Iaom xda,m*Dtm; ]]ocFg&wkYd onf omvQif ysufue\? xdocFg&wkYd \ ysujf cif;onfyif aojcif; rnf\? k k f k ocFg&wkYd rS wyg;aom aowwf ysufwwfaom wpHwa,mufaom olonf rS}d } [l twrS qdwoO;aom k f k f tm;jzifh xifjcif;onf NyD;pD;\/ 281 xkdYaMumifh aS;q&mwkdYonf --]]cEmwkYd onfomvQif csKyfue\? cEmwkYd rS wyg;aom twaumif rnfonfrS?d cEmwkYd \ ysuf k f jcif;udyif aojcif;[k ac:qdtyf\/ pdejf zifh ausmufywjrm;udk azmufxi;aom oluoYkd rarh k k G f hJ ravsmaom a,m*Donf oifavsmaom taMumif;jzifh xdk ocFg&wkYd \ ukejf cif; ysufjcif;udk Ijrif h h f \}}[k-rdeYf que\/ kd k f
122
t"dynm0dyem [lonfum; tmk\ tysuukd odjrifjcif; Iodaom pdw\ tysufukd wzef Ijrifjcif; H f f twrS qdwaomtm;jzifh xifjcif; [laom (t*FgoH;yg;ESihf jynfpaom ynm)onf vGeuaom 0dyem f k h kH f J jzpfaomaMumifh t"dynm0dyem rnf\[k qdv\/ k kd 747/ oH;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd uRrf;usif vdrmaomol[onfum; tedp Ekyem tpSueaom k l d k f oH;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd uRrf;usif vdrmaom &[ef;wnf;/ av;yg;aom 0dyemwkYd [lonfum; k edA'gEkyem tpSueaom av;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd / oH;yg;aom xifjcif;wkYd uRrf;usifvrmonf\ d d k f k d tjzpfaMumifh [lonfum; ukeaomtm;jzifif; ysufaom tm;jzifif; qdwoO;aom tm;jzifif; oH;yg;tjym; f h h f k f h k Saom xifjcif; uRrf;usifvrmonf\ tjzpfaMumif/ trsKd;rsKd;aom rdpmt,lwYdk aMumifh rwkevyf [lonfum; d d h f I ow'd|-wnfNrJ t,l tpSueaom txl;xl;tjym;jym;ukeaom rdpmt,lwYdk aMumifh rwkevy/ d d k f f f I f 748/ odYk rwkevyaom xda,m*Donf ]]rcsKyfb;ao;aom w&m;topfonfomvQif csKyf\ ? f I f k l rysub;ao;aom w&m; topfonf omvQif ysu\}}[k jzpfaom ESv;oGi;jcif; Sonfjzpf uGysuqjJ zpfaom f l f kH f d J f rcdirmaom td;cGu\ uGysufjcif;udk jrifouJoYkd if; zkz&J jzefYBuJtyfqjJ zpfaom odrarGYaom jrLtaygif;\ k f k f J h d f zdz&J jyefYBuJjcif;udk jrifouJoYkd if; avSmtyfqJ jzpfaom ESr;wkYd \ aygufuJG ysufp;jcif;udk jrifouJoYdk if; k h f f D h tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd \ jzpfjcif; wnfjcif; tqufrjywfjzpfaom t,OfEihf ykoPmef edrwu- pGeYf ysujf cif; k k S H d f kd udk omvQif Ijrif\/ xda,m*Donf Oyrmtm;jzifh rsupjd rifaom a,musm;onf a&uef\ urf;jzpfap k f f jrpfurf; jzpfap &yfwnfvsuf rdC;aygufBuD;pGm rdC;Gmvwfaomf a&rsuEmjyif BuD;pGm BuD;pGmaom a&yGuf k f k f f S wkYd onf jzpfay:ukef jzpfay: ukeNf yD;vQif vsifpm vsifpm ysufom;onfwYdk ukd jrif&mouJoYkd twlyifvQif tvH; G G G h k pHaom ocFg&wkYd onf ysufue\ ysufue\[k Ijrif\/ rSeay\? odYk oabmSaom a,m*D yk*Kd vfukd &nf k k f k f f d atmufyg *gxmudk jrwfpmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfronf/ G l ]]a&yGuukd IjrifouJoYkd if; wHvyukd IjrifouJoYkd if; twlyif (cEmig;yg; [laom) f h S f h avmuudk Ijrifaom olukd aorif;onf rjrifEiawmhay}}/ kd f 749/ qdconftwdi; ]]tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd onf ysufue\ ysufue\}} [k rjywf Ijrifaom k hJ h k f k k k f k f a,m*D\ b*FgEkyemPfonf Spfyg;aom tusKd;tmedoif[aom tNcHt&Honfjzpf cGetm;ESihf jynfpay\/ l dS f h kH xdk b*FgEkyemPf atmufygwkYd rm Spyg;aom tusKd;tmedoifwYdk jzpfonf/ S f (1) b0'd|d (ac: ow'd|)udk y,fcgjcif;? d G (2) touf iJuuw,wmrIukd pGeYf jcif;? h G f G f (3) (aeYa&mnOfyg) tcgcyfor; (b0em) vGepm tm;xkwjf cif;? h d f f G (4) pifMu,faom toufarG;rIjdS cif;? (5) (udpB uD;i,f wdYk ) aMumifMh uAsmyg&udk y,fjcif;? (6) aMumifYGrI uif;jcif;? H (7) onfcjH cif;ESihf olawmfaumif;w&m;wdYk arGYavsmjf cif;wkYd ukd &jcif;? (8) awmausmif;ESihf bm0emtrIwYdk raysmarGYjcif; umr*kP aysmarGYjcif; f f f wkYd ukd ESreif;y,fazsmufEijf cif;wkYd yifwnf;/ d f kd 282 xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf atmufyg*gxmudk rdeYf que\/ kd k f ]]a,m*D &[ef;onf xdb*FgEkyemPf jrwfaom *kPaus;Zl; Spyg;wdYk ukd jrif k f f aojcif;uif;aom trdueAmefoYkd a&mufjcif;iSg kyemrfocFg&wdYk \ tysufukd tzefzefvsuf f d f I t0wfukd rD;avmifaomol OD;acgif;udk rD;avmifaomolwYdk Eiwpm tzefzefrjywf oH;oyf S hf l G k avawmhownf;/}}
b*FgEkyemPfNyD;\/
123
b,wky|mePfudk jyqdkcsuf
750/ qdconftwdi; tvH;pHaom (awblru) ocFg&wkYd \ ukejf cif; aysmufjcif; ysujf cif; [laom k hJ h k f k k csKyfjcif;vQif tmkaom b*FgEkyemac: b*FPfukd rS0vsuf yGg;apvsuf tBudrrsm;pGm yaom xda,m*Dtm; H dS D J f k tvH;pHaom b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwcepfyg; owm0go ud;yg;wkYd (cPwdi; cPwki;) k k k d k k k f d f rjywfysufp;ukeaom ocFg&wdYk onf ]]csrf;ompGm toufiaevdaom aMumufwwfaom a,musfm;tm; jcaoFh D f S f k usm; opf 0H 0HyavG bDv; &uKd of EGm;Murf; acG;qd; trke,aom qifMurf; tqdyxefaom a>rqd; rd;ud;puf k l k f kd f k k okomef ppfajrjyif &J&awmufaom rD;us;wGi; ponfwYdkonf BuD;pGmaom aMumufz,jf zpf xifueouJoYkd}} J D f G k f h BuD;pGmaom aMumufz,f jzpf xifue\? ]]twdwocFg&wkYd onf csKyfavukeNf yD? ypKyef ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfueq?J G k f f k f aemif tem*wfumv jzpfvwHaom ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; twlyif csKyfuevwH}h }[k Ijrifaom xdk a,m*Dtm; h k f odYk Ijrifaom t&mXme (aMumufz,ab;[k xifaomaMumif) b,wky|mePf rnfaom b,Pfonf G f h jzpfay:\/ xdb,Pf qdvwHonfum; Oyrmwnf; .... wa,mufaom rde;rtm; rif;jypf rif;'Pf oifaom k k h f h om;oH;a,mufwYdk Sueowwf? rif;onf xdom;oH;a,mufwYdk tm; OD;acgif;udk jzwf&ef trdeYf ay;\? xdre;ronf k d k f k k k d f om;wkYd Eifh twlwuG olowfue;odYk om;av\? xdtcg xdre;r\ om;BuD;\ OD;acgif;udk jzwfueNf yD;vQif S k f G k k d f k om;vwf\ OD;acgif;udk jzwf&eftm;xkwue\? xkom;wkYd \ rdcifjzpfaom rde;ronf om;BuD;\ OD;acgif;jzwf f k f d f NyD;onfuif; om;vwf\ OD;acgif;jzwfaeonfuif;jrif ]]om;i,fonfvnf; xdom;BuD; om;vwfwYdk Eihf kd kd k S wlonf omvQif jzpfmvwH}h }[k om;i,f wG,wmjcif; ajrmvifjh cif;udk pGeYf vwav\/ xkOyrm xdre;ronf S f f T f d k d f om;BuD;\ jzwfNyD;aom OD;acgif;udk jrifouJoYkd a,m*D yk*Kd vfonf twdwocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd h f rSwtyf\? om;vwf\ jzpfqJ jzpfaom OD;acgif;udk jrifouJoYkd ypKyeocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd rSwf f h f tyf\? ]]om;i,fonfvnf; xdom;BuD; om;vwfwYdk Eihf wlonfomvif jzpfmvwH}h }[k om;i,f wG,wmjcif; k S S f ajrmvifjh cif;udk pGeYf vwouJoYkd ]]aemif tem*wf umv jzpfvwHaom ocFg&wkYd onfvnf; ysufuevwH}h }[k f T f h h k f tem*wf ocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd rSwtyf\/ odYk Ijrifaom xda,m*Dtm; odYk Ijrifaom f k t&mXme b,wky|mePf onf jzpfay:\/ wyg;aom Oyrmum; .... ykyaom om;Saom (om;orD; tzwfrwifaom) wa,mufaom rde;ronf f d f q,fa,mufaom uav;oli,fwYdk ukd zGm;jrifowwf/ xdk q,fa,mufwYkd wif ud;a,mufwYkd onf aoavukeNf yD? G k wa,mufaom oli,fonf vuf wnfpOf aoSm\? tjcm; wa,mufaom oli,fonf 0rf;xJ S\/ xdre;r dS d k d f onf aoavNyD;aom ud;a,mufaom 283 oli,fwYdk uif; aoqJjzpfaom q,fa,mufajrmuf oli,fuif; k kd kd jrifNyD;vQif ]]0rf;xJ wnfaeaom oli,fonfvnf; xdq,fa,mufaom oli,fwYdk Eihf wlonfomvQif jzpfm dS k S S vwH}h }[k 0rf;xJwif wnfaeaom oli,f wG,wmjcif; ajrmvifh jcif;udk pGeYf vwav\/ xdOyrm om;orD; G dS f f T f k tzwfrwifaom xdre;ronf ud;a,mufaom oli,fwYdk\ aojcif;udk atmufarhouJoYkd a,m*Dy*Kd vfonf k d f k h k twdwocFg& wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd rSwtyf\? vuf wnfaeaom oli,f\ aoaeonf\ tjzpfukd f f dS jrifouJoYkd a,m*Donf ypKyeocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd rSwtyf\? 0rf;xJwif wnfaeaom oli,f h f f G dS wG,wmjcif; ajrmvifjh cif;udk pGeYf vwouJoYdk tem*wf ocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifonfukd rSwtyf\/ odkY f f T f h f Ijrifaom xdk a,m*Dtm; odYk Ijrifaom cP b,wky|mePfonf jzpfay:\/ 751/ b,wky|mePfonf aMumufwwfoavm? raMumufwwfoavm [lr raMumufwwfay?/ l rSeay\? xdb,wky|mePfonf ]]twdwf ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfavukeNf yD? ypKyef ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfueq?J f k k f tem*wf ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuevwH}h }[k pl;prf; qifjcifjcif;rQomvQif jzpfayonf/ xdYk aMumifh Oyrmtm;jzifh .... k f rsufpd jrifaom a,musfm;onf rdYwcg;teD; rD;usD;wGi; oH;ck wdYk ukd Munfvwfaomf ud,wium; raMumufay? H f k h I k f kd f pifppfaomfum; xda,musm;tm; ]] rD;usD;wGi; wdYk uswdi;uswdi;aom olcyfor;wkYd onf BuD;pGmaom qif;&J k f f k f k f d f udk cHpm;&ukevwH}h }[k oufouf pl;prf; qifjcifjcif;rQomvQif jzpf\/ wenf; Oyrmtm;jzifh .... rsufpjd rifaom f a,musfm;onf Sm;ESpwusif oHwusif aTwusif [laom tpOftwdi; xm;aom wHusifo;ckukd Munfvwfaomf f H H H k f kH h I 1 ud,wium; raMumufay? pifppfaomfum; xda,musm;tm; ]]wHusifwYdk uswdi;uswdi;aom olcyfor; k f kd f k f k f k f d f wkYd onf BuD;pGmaom qif;&Jukd cHpm;&ukevwH}h }[k oufouf pl;prf; qifjcifjcif;rQomvQif jzpf\/ twlyif f b,wky|meac: b,Pfonf ud,wium; raMumufwwfay? pifppfaomfum; xdPftm;}} rD;usD;wGif oH;ck k f kd f k k ESivnf; wlueaom wHusif oH;acsmif;ESivnf; wlueaom b0oH;yg;wdYk twdwf ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfavukeNf yD? hf k f k hf k f k
124
ypKyef ocFg&wdYk onf csKyfueq?J tem*wf ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuevwH}h }[k oufouf pl;prf;qifjcifjcif;rQomvQif k f k f jzpfay\/ b,wky|me rnfjcif;\ taMumif;um; .... xdPftm; tvH;pHaom b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; k k k k *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg; owm0go ud;yg;wdYk wnfueaom ocFg&wkYd onf ysufp;jcif;odYk a&mufuevsuf k k f D k f aMumufz,ab;Sueonfjzpf oufouf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xifay:uke\? xdYk aMumifh b,wky|me G f d k f G f f [l ac:qdktyf\/ xdPftm; qdconftwdi; aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xifay:&m atmufygrSm k k hJ h k f G f y#dor'gr*f ygVdaywnf;/ d rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aomoltm; tb,fonf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xifoenf;? kH f G f qif;&J[?k tw r[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; tb,fonf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh f kH f G f xifoenf;[lr rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; edrwonf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif\/ l kH f d f G f qif;&J[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; rjywfjzpfaom t,Ofonf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifxif\/ kH f G f h twr[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; edrwonfif; rjywfjzpfaom t,Ofonfif; aMumufz,f f kH f d f G ab;taetm;jzifh xif\? um; ygVd/ 284 xdkygVd edrwf [lonfum; ocFg& edrwwnf;? edrwf [laom trnfonf twdwf tem*wf d d f d ypKyef jzpfaom ocFg&wkYd \omvQif trnfaywnf;/ rSeay\? rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aom olonf ocFg&wkYd \ aojcif; f kH f ysujf cif;udomvQif jrif\? xdYk aMumifh xdk a,m*Dtm; ocFg&edrwonf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif\/ k d f G f y0w-rjywfjzpfaom t,Of [lonfum; lyb0 tlyb0 t,Ofwnf;/ rSeay\? qif;&J[k ESv;oGi;aom f kH f olonf csr;om[k orkwtyfaom b0t,Ofaomfvnf; rjywfEypuf (tyf)onf\ tjzpfuomvQif jrif\? f f dS f kd xkYd aMumifh xda,m*Dtm; b0t,Ofonf aMumufz,ab;taetm;jzifh xif\/ twr[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom k G f f kH f olonf edrwEihf t,OfEpyg;vH;udvnf; GmysufuoYkd if; wHvyf *EAewf uswfo&wYkd \ rdYponfwYdk uoYdk d f S S f k k hJ S l J hJ if; tESpuif;onf[k tcsnf;ES;[k twrS qdwoO;onf[k ydiirS[k aSYaqmif tBuD;tuJ rS[k jrif\? f D f k f k f S f d d xkYd aMumifh xda,m*Dtm; ocFg& edrwonfif; rjywfjzpfaom b0 t,Ofonfif; ESpyg;vH;onf aMumufz,ab; k d f f k G f taetm;jzifh xif\? odYk odtyf\/
b,wky|mePf NyD;\/ tm'De0gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf

752/ xdb,wky|mePfukd rS0vsuf yGg;apvsuf tBudrrsm;pGm yaom xdk a,m*Dtm; tvH;pHaom k D J f k k b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg; owm0go ud;yg;wkYd tusKd;rJrS apmifaSmufwwfaom k k h h t&m rxifonfomwnf;? yke;atmif;&mvnf; rxifonfomwnf;? aSmifwr; oGm;&ef t&yfvnf; rxifonf f d f omwnf;? ud;uG,&mvnf; rxifonfomwnf;? tvH;pHaom b0 a,med *wd Xdwd ed0gowkYd wnfueaom k f k k k f ocFg&wdYk wif wckaom ocFg&aomfvnf; awmifwjcif;aomfif; ig[k rSm;,Gi;pGm oH;oyfjcif;aomfif; rSawmh G h f k d ay/ oH;yg;aom b0wkYd onf rD;vQHuif;aom rD;usD;wkYd jzifh jynfaom rD;usD;wGi;wkYd uoYdk if;? av;yg;aom k h f hJ r[mbkwwYkd onf jyif;xefaom tqdyaom a>rqd;BuD;wkYd uJoYkd if;? ig;yg;aom cEmwkYd onf oefvQufxm;udk f f dS k h csDr;aeaom olowfa,musfm;wkYd uoYkd if;? ajcmufyg;aom tZwum,we wdYk onf vlrSaom GmysufuoYkd if;? kd hJ d d hJ ajcmufyg;aom Am[d&m,wewdYk onf Gmzsuf 'jrBuD;wkYd uoYkd if;? ckepfyg;aom 0dnmP|dwwYdk Eihf ud;yg;aom hJ d S k owm0gowkYd onf wq,fwyg;aom rD;wkYd jzifh &J&awmufueouJoYdk if;? xuf0ef;usifrS awmufyukeouJoYkd h J k f h f h if;? wcJeuf rD;vQHozG,f jzpfuef ouJoYkd if; xifay:uke\/ tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd onf tdi;trmuJoYkd jzpfuef k h f k k k f h k if;? pGuyfaeaom a&m*gwdYk uoYkd jzpfueif;? pl;0ifaeaom ajimifwYkd uoYdk jzpfueif; raumif;rIwYdk uoYkd J hJ k f h hJ k f hJ jzpfueif;? tzsm;temuJoYkd jzpfueif; om,mzG,f uif;ukeonfjzpf xifue\? t&omuif;ukeonf k f h k f f k f f jzpf xifue\? BuD;pGmaom tjypftpkozG,jf zpf xifue\/ k f k f tb,foYkd enf;[lr csrf;ompGm toufiaevdaom aMumufwwfaom a,musfm;tm; arGYavsmfz,f l S f k G tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aumif;pGmwnfaomfvnf; om;&Jaom awmtkyuoYdk if;? usm;Saom vdP*uoYkd if;? zrf;pm; dS f hJ d k f l hJ wwfaom rdausmif; ponfEihf a&apmif&uKd of bDv;Saom a&uJoYdk if;? csDr;xm;aom oefvQufaom &efol S h l d h kd dS uJoYdk if;? tqdwEiwuGaom tpmuJoYdk if;? cd;ol 'jrSaom vrf;c&D;uJoYkd if;? rD;pGavmifaeaom tdruoYkd if;? h f S hf h k d h J f hJ csDwuf wducuaom ppfwyfaom ppfajrjyifuoYdk if; xif\/ csJYjy&vQif ..... xdka,musfm;onf qdkcJhaom k f kd f dS hJ
125
om;&Jaom awmtkyf ponfwYdk ukd a&mufom; vwfaomf aMumufYG H xdwvefYvsuf Muufo; arG;nif; xonf dS G f D jzpf xuf0ef;usifrS tjypfuomvQif jrifouJoYdk xdYk twlyifvQif 285 a,m*D yk*Kd vfonf ysufjcif;udk Iaom kd h b*FgEkyem\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tvH;pHaom ocFg&wdYk onf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xifuevwfaomf f k k G f k f xuf0ef;usirS t&omuif;onf om,mzG,f uif;onfuomvQif tjypfuomvQif jrif\/ odkY tjypfudk f kd kd jrifaom xdk a,m*Dtm; tm'De0Pf rnfaom tm'De0gEkyemPfonf2 jzpfay:\/ ,if; tm'De0Pfukd &nf atmufygpum;udk y#dor'gr*f a[mtyfay\ --d tb,foYkdvQif aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tjypfjzpfaom G f tm'De0Pf rnfoenf; aS;OD;pGm jzpfay:jcif;onf aMumufz,ab;[k aMumufz,ab; G f G f taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tjypf jzpfaom tm'De0Pf rnf\? jzpfyg;jcif;onf G ab;[k/ edrwonf ab;[k/ tm;xkwjf cif;onf ab;[k/ wzefpyfaom y#doaEonfab;[k/ d f vm;&m *wdonf ab;[k/ jzpfjcif;onf ab;[k/ uyfa&muf jzpfjcif;onfab;[k/ b0 topfjzpfjcif; Zmwdonf ab;[k/ tdjk cif;onf ab;[k/ emjcif;onf ab;[k/ aojcif;onf ab;[k/ pd;&drjf cif;onf ab;[k/ ida<u;jcif;onf ab;[k/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf ab;[k k k aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf\/ (1) G f rjzpfay:jcif;onf (jzpfay:rIuif;aom edAmefonf) ab;Nidr;&mwnf;[k odaom ynm f onf Nidr;at;&m edAmefjzpfaom oEy'Pf rnf\/ rjzpfyg;jcif;onf (jzpfyg;rIuif;aom f d G G edAmefonf)/ y/ jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf (jyif;pGmylyefrI uif;aom edAmefonf) ab;Nidr;&m f wnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ (2) d jzpfay:jcif;onf aMumufz,ab;wnf;? rjzpfay:jcif;onf ab;Nidr;&m wnf;[k G f f odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGmylyefjcif;onf aMumuf d G zG,ab;wnf;? jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf ab;Nidr;&mwnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf f f d rnf\/ (3) jzpfay:jcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;[k aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf G f tm'De0Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;[k aMumuf G zG,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf\/ (4) f rjzpfay:jcif;onf csr;omwnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ rjzpfyg; f d G jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf csr;omwnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf f d \/ (5) jzpfay:jcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;? rjzpfay:jcif;onf csr;omwnf;[k odaom ynmonf f oEy'Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;? jyif;pGm rylyef d G jcif;onf csr;omwnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ (6) f d jzpfay:jcif;onf (0#fumr*kPf udavom[laom) tpmESiwuG jzpfonf [k hf aMumufz,f ab;tae tm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif; onf/ G G y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf tpmESiwuG jzpfonf[k aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m hf G f ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf\/ (7) rjzpfay:jcif;onf tpmuif;onf[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ rjzpf d yGg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf tpmuif;onf[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf d rnf\/ (8) jzpfay:jcif;onf tpmESiwuG jzpfonf? rjzpfay:jcif;onf tpmuif;onf[k odaom hf ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf tpmESiwuG jzpf d G hf onf? jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf tpmuif;onf[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf \/ (9) d
126
286 jzpfay:jcif;onf ocFg&wkYd wnf;[k aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xif&m G f odaom ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf ocFg& G wkYd wnf;[k aMumufz,f ab;taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tm'De0Pf rnf \/ (10) G rjzpfay:jcif;onf Nidr;aom edAmefwnf;[k odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ f d rjzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf Nidr;aom edAmefwnf;[k odaom ynmonf G f oEy'Pf rnf\/ (11) d jzpfay:jcif;onf ocFg&wkYd wnf;? rjzpfay:jcif;onf Nidr;at;aom edAmefwnf;[k f odaom ynmonf oEy'Pf rnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf ocFg&wkYd d G wnf;? jyif;pGm rylyefjcif;onf Nidr;at;aom edAmefwnf;[k odaomynmonf oEy'Pf f d rnf\/ (12) jzpfay:jcif;udif; jzpfyg;jcif;udif; edrwuif; tm;xkwjf cif;udif; wzefpyfaom k G k d f kd k y#doaEuif; qif;&J[jI rif\? Ijrifaom Pfig;yg;onf tjypfjzpfaom tm'De0Pf kd k rnf\/ rjzpfay:jcif;udif; rjzpfyg;jcif;udif; edrwuif;jcif;udif; tm;rxkwjf cif;udif; k G k d f k k y#doaEuif;jcif;udif; csrf;om[k Ijrif\? Ijrifaom Pfig;yg;onf Nidr;at;&m edAmef k f jzpfaom oEy'Pf rnf\/ d tm'De0Pfonf ig;yg;aom XmewkYd jzpf\? oEy'Pfonf ig;yg;aomXme d jzpf\? (a,m*Donf) q,fyg;aomPfwYdk ukd od\/ ESpyg;aom (tm'De0Pf oEy')Pf f d wkYd uRr;usivrmonf\ tjzpfaMumifh trsKd;rsKd;aom rdpm t,lwYdk aMumifh rwkevyawmhNyD/ f f d f I f xdjI rifronf odwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh Pfrnf\? tjym;tm;jzifh odwwfaom teufoabm k I aMumifh ynmrnf\? xkYd aMumifh ]]aMumufz,f ab;taetm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tjypf jzpfaom tm'De0Pf G rnf\}} [l qdktyf\/ um; ygVd/ 753/ xdkygXf Oyg'-jzpfay:jcif;[lonfum; aS;uH[aom taMumif;aMumifh b0 (aS;OD;pGm) jzpfay: l jcif;wnf;/ y0w-jzpfyg;jcif;[lonfum; xdoYkd jzpfay:NyD;aom kyemrf\ rjywfjzpf jcif;wnf;/ edrw-edrwf G k f d d [lonfum; tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m; [laom ocFg&edrwwnf;/ tm,l[emtm;xkwjf cif;[lonfum; aemifb0 k k d f y#doaE\ taMumif;jzpfaom uHwnf;/ y#doE- wzefpyfaom y#doaE[onfum; aemifb0 jzpfay:jcif;wnf;/ d l *wd- vm;&m [lonfum; tMuifvm;a&muf tyfaom ig;yg;aom *wdjzifh xdy#doaEonf jzpf\? xdk vm;&m *wd k ig;yg;yifwnf;/ edAw- jzpfjcif; [lonfum; cEmwkYd \ jzpfjcif;wnf;/ Oyyw- uyfa&muf jzpfjcif; [lonfum; d d ]]ormywfoYkd 0ifa&muf ol\if; uyfa&muf jzpfaomol\if;}} [l odkY a[mtyfaom r[*Kwf0dyguf\ rjywfjzpfjcif;wnf;/ Zmwd- b0topfjzpfjcif; [lonfum; tkjd cif; ponfwYdk \ taMumif;jzpfaom urb0aMumifh jzpfaom Zmwdaywnf;/ Z&mr&P-tkjd cif; aojcif; ponfwYdk um; xifm;ukeonfomwnf;/ Oyg'paom S f wq,fig;yk'wYdk wif Oyg'paom rlvig;yk'wYdk uomvQif tm'De0Pf\ jzpf&m tmk0wKtjzpfjzifh a[m(tyf h f G f kd H uke)\/ <uif;aom q,fy'wYdk ukd xdrv ig;yk'wYdk \ a00kpf y&d,m,f pum; vS,tjzpfjzifh a[m (tyfue)\/ f k f k l f f k f rSeay\? edAwd Zmwd[aom ESpy'onf Oyg'yk'Eihf y#doaEy'wYdk \ a00kpf y&d,m,f pum; vS,wnf;/ f l f k f f S d k f f *wdOyyw[aom ESpy'onf y0wy'\ a00kpf y&d,m,f pum;vS,wnf;/ tdjk cif;ponfwYdk onf edrwy'\ d l f k f k f f d k f a00kpy&d,m,f pum;vS,wnf;/ xkYd aMumiff f h ]]jzpfay:jcif;udif; jzpfyg;jcif;udif; edrwuif; tm;xkwjf cif;udif; wzefpyfaom k G k d f kd k y#doaEuif; qif;&J[k Ijrif\? Ijrifaom Pfig;yg;onf tjypf jzpfaom tm'De0 kd Pf rnf\}} [lif;? ]]tm'De0Pfonf ig;yg;aom XmewkYd jzpf\}} [lif; - rdeYf qavonf/ kd
127
287 ]]rjzpfay:jcif;onf ab;Nidr;&mwnf;[k odaom ynmonf Nidr;at;&m edAmef jzpfaom oEy' f f d Pf rnf\}} odYk tpSaom pum;udrum; tm'De0Pf\ qefYusifbufjzpfaom Pfukd jyjcif; tusKd;iSg d k l a[m (tyf)ayonf/ wenf;um; b,Pfjzifh tjypfukd jrif xdwvefYaom pdwEv;Saom yk*Kd vfwYkd tm; f f S kH d ab;Nidr; tjypfuif;aom ab;rJt&yfonfvnf; Sao;\[k oufom&m &apjcif; tusKd;iSgvnf; xdpum;udk f h d k a[m(tyf) ayonf/ wenf;um; xda,m*Dtm; jzpfay:jcif; ponf wkYd onf aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh k G f aumif;pGm xifue\? xkoYkd xifaom a,m*D\ pdwonf xdk jzpfay:jcif; ponfwYdk\ qefYusifbuf Gwui; k f d f f kd f vsuf Sd\? xkYd aMumifh b,Pf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh NyD;aom tm'De0Pf\ tusKd;tmedoifukd jyjcif;tusKd;iSgvnf; f xdpum;udk a[m(tyf) ayonf[k odtyf\/ k quf Si;vif;jyOD;tH?h ygVd aMumufz,ab;rnfaom w&m;onf ude;aorkcstm;jzifh qif;&J'uay f G f f k wnf;? xdqif;&J'uonfvnf; 0#fo;yg;[laom tpm umr*kP[aom tpm udavom[laom tpmwkYd rS rvGwf k k kH f l uif;aomaMumifh tpmESiwuG jzpfonfomwnf;? tpmESiwuG jzpfaom xdw&m;onfvnf; ocFg&rQomvQif hf hf k jzpfayonf? xkYd aMumifh ]]jzpfay:jcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;[k aMumufz,ab;tae tm;jzifh xif&m ynmonf tjypf G f jzpfaom tm'De0Pfrnf\}} odYk tpSaom pum;udk a[mtyfayonf? odYk yif a[mtyfaomfvnf; d aMumufz,ab; tjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; qif;&Jjcif;t&m tm;jzifif; tpmESiwuGjzpfaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; G f h h hf h -odYk tjcif;t&m xl;jcm;aomtm;jzifh jzpfy\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif yk'wYdk xl;onf\tjzpfukd odtyf\/ kH f h f q,fyg;aom PfwYdk ukd od\[lonfum; tm'De0Pfukd odonf Saomf jzpfay:jcif; ponfvQif d wnf&m tmkH 0wKSaom Pfig;yg; rjzpfay:jcif; ponfvQif wnf&m tmkH 0wKSaom Pfig;yg;[laom d d q,fyg;aomPf wkYd ukd od\? xd;xGi; od\? rsuarSmufy\/ ESpyg;aom PfwYdk wif uRrf;usifvrmonf\ k f f f G d tjzpfaMumifh [lonfum; tm'De0Pf oEy'Pf [laom PfEpyg;wkYd uRrf;usifvrmonf\ tjzpf d S f d aMumif/ trsKd;rsKd;aom rdpmt,lwYdk aMumifh rwkevyawmhNyD [lonfum; jrwfaom rsuarSmufavmu edAmeft,l h f I f f ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaom rdpmt,lwYdk aMumifh rwkevyawmhNyD/ ygVd <uif;aom pum;&yfonf f f I f ay:vGixifm;onfomwnf;/ f S
tm'De0gEkyemPf NyD;\/ edAd'gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf

754/ qdconftwdi; tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd ukd tjypftaetm;jzifh Ijrifvsufaom xdk a,m*Donf k hJ h k f k k dS tvH;pHaom b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwcepfyg; owm0goud;yg;wkYd wnfaom (cPwki; k k k d k k d f cPwki;) rjywf ysufp;wwfaom ocFg&w&m; taygif; NiD;aiGY\ ysif;&d\ raysmfarGY/ d f D Oyrmtm;jzifh pdwu#awmifajc aysmfarGYaom aT[oFmrif;onf rpifMu,faom 'Ge;p@m;Gm wHcg; teD; k f f a&tdii,f raysmfarGY? pifppfaomfum; ckepfyg;aom a&tkiBf uD;wkYd omvQif aysmfarGYouJoYkd xdYk twlyif a,m*D k f d h wnf;[laom [oFmrif;onfvnf; aumif;pGm xuf0ef;usif jriftyfNyD;aom tjypfaom rjywfysup;wwfaom dS f D ocFg&w&m; taygif; raysmfarGY? pifppfaomfum; bm0emvQif aysmfarGY&m Sonf\ tjzpf[aom bm0emaysmarGY d l f jcif;ESihf jynfponf\ tjzpfaMumifh ckepfyg;aom tEkyemwkYd omvQif aysmfarGY\/ h kH 288 wenf; Oyrmtm;jzifh aTcsKdi xnfxm;aom om;wkYd \ rif;jzpfaom jcaoFonf (xdaTcsKdi) hf h h k hf raysmarGY? pifppfaomfum; ,lZem oH;axmif us,jf yefYaom [dr0Em awmomvQif aysmarGYouJoYdk xdYk twlyif f k f h a,m*Dwnf;[laom jcaoFonfvnf; oH;yg; tjym;Saom ok*wdb0aomfvnf; raysmarGY? pifppfaomfum; h k d f oH;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd omvQif aysmfarGY\/ k wenf;Oyrmtm;jzifh ud,v;jzLaom ckepfyg;aom t*FgwdYk jzifh ajrwnfaom wefc;ESihf jynfpaom k f kH kd h kH aumif;uifoYkd ysYom;Ediaom q'eqifrif;onf rdYtv,f raysmarGY? pifppfaomfum; [dr0Emawm0,f q'etif H G k f f f f kd awmtkyomvQif aysmfarGYouJoYkd xdYk twlyif a,m*Dwnf;[laom jrwfaom qifrif;onfvnf; tvH;pHaom f h k k ocFg&w&m; taygif; raysmfarGY? pifppfaomfum; ]]rjzpfay:jcif;onf ab;Nidr;&mwnf;}}-odYk tpSaomenf;jzifh f d
128
jriftyfNyD;aom Nidr;at;&m edAmefomvQif aysmarGY\? xdeAmefoYkd Gwui;Ii;aom pdwonfomvQif jzpfay\? f f k d f kd f d f f dS odkY odtyf\/
edA'gEkyemPf NyD;\/ d
755/ xdeA'gEkyem rnfaom Pfonf aS;Pf ESpyg;ESihf teufw&m;uk,t& tm;jzifh wl\/ k d d f d f xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf ]]b,wky|mePf wckwnf;yifvQif oH;yg;aom trnfwYdk ukd &\? tvH;pHaom k k k ocFg&wdYk ukd aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh jrifaomaMumifh b,wky|mePf rnfavonf? G f xdocFg&wkYd yifvQif tjypfukd jzpfap-xifay:apaomaMumifh tm'De0gEkyemPf rnfav k onf/ xdocFg&wkYd yifvQif NiD;aiGYvsuf jzpfay:aomaMumifh edA'gEkyemPf rnfav k d onf}}[k rdeYf que\/ y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmfvnf; kd k f d ]]b,wky|meynm tm'De0Pf edA'gPf [laom Pf oH;yg;wkYd onf d k wlaom teufw&m;ud,f Sue\? o'grQom xl;\}}[k k d k f a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/
rkOdwkurswmPfudk jyqdkcsuf
756/ xkrS wyg;aomPf jzpfyum;-edA'gPfjzifh NiD;aiGYvsuf ysif;&dvsuf raysmfarGYaom d kH d trsKd;om;\ pdwonf tvH;pHaom b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wd ig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg; owm0go f k k k ud;yg;wkYd wnfueaom (cPwki; cPwki;) rjywfysufp;wwfueaom ocFg&wkYd wif wckaom ocFg& k k f d f d f D k f G aomfvnf; ruyfrNid rwG,?f tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m; taygif;rS vGwajrmufjcif;iSg tvd\? xGuajrmufjcif;iSg k k f k dS f tvdkSd\/ tb,fuoYkd enf;[lrl .... Oyrmtm;jzifh yduuetwGi; rdaeaom ig;? a>r\ cHwi;odYk a&mufaeaom hJ k f G f f G f zm;? avSmiftrcsKi xnfxm;aom awmMuuf? cdiNf rJaom ausmui;jzifh zGYJ raeaom orif? a>rtvrm,f q&m\ d f d hf h k h G f d vufoYkd a&mufaeaom a>r? BuD;pGmaom Teti usa&muf aeaom qif? 289 *VKef\ cHwi;odYk a&mufaeaom f kd f G f e*g;rif;? &m[k cHwi;odYk 0ifa&mufaeaomv? &efowYdk 0ef;&Hxm;aom a,musm;-odYk tpSaom yk*Kd vfwYdk onf G f l f d xdxkd taESmiftzGYJ ab;&efrS vGwajrmuf vdueonfomvQif xGuajrmufvueonfomvQif jzpfueouJoYdk k f k k f f kd k f k f h twlyif xda,m*D\ pdwonf tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m;taygif;rS vGwajrmufjcif;iSg tvd\? xGuajrmufjcif;iSg k f k k f k dS f tvdkSd\/ xktcg qkconftwdi; tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd wG,wmjcif;uif;vsuf tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m; d d hJ h k f k k f k k taygif;rS vGwjf cif;iSg tvdaom xka,m*Dtm; rkOwurswmPfonf jzpfay:\/ k dS d d k
rkOdwkurswmPf NyD;\/
129
y#docFgEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf
757/ qdconftwdi; tvH;pHaom b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwcepfyg; k hJ h k f k k k d k owm0go ud;yg; wnfueaom (cPwdi; cPwki;) rjywfysufp;wwfueaom ocFg&wkYd rS vGwajrmufjcif;iSg k k f k f d f D k f f tvdaom xda,m*Donf tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m;taygif;rS vGwajrmufjcif;iSg xdocFg& w&m;wkYd uyifvQif k dS k k k f k kd y#docFg EkyemPfjzifh vuPmoH;yg;wif qdvwHaom tjcif;t&mjzifh wzef odr;qnf;\/ k k h f xda,m*Donf tvH;pHaom ocFgwkYd ukd (1) ysufjcif;[laom tqH;udk rvGeEiaomaMumifif;? (2) k k k k f kd f h tcdutwefYrQ wnfaomaMumifif;? (3) jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;jzifh ydi;jcm;tyfaomaMumifif;? (4) tvGeysuaom k f h k f h f f aMumifif;? (5) wkevyaomaMumifif;? (6) ysuv,aomaMumihif;? (7) rcdicaomaMumifif;? (8) azmufjyef h f I f h f G f f k f hH h jcif;oabmSaomaMumifif;? (9) tESprSaomaMumifif;? (10) BuD;yGg;pnfyifjcif; uif;aomaMumifif;? (11) d h f d h h aygif;pk ytyfaomaMumifif;? (12) aojcif;oabmSaomaMumifif;-odYk tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh rNrJ h d h d [k I\/ (1) rjywfEypufaomaMumifif;? (2) rcHomaomaMumifif;? (3) qif;&J\ wnf&m0wK jzpfaomaMumifh dS f h h if;? (4) pGuyfaeaom a&m*gESiwaomaMumifif;? (5) tdi;trmESiwaomaMumifif;? (6) pl;0ifaeaom ajimifEifh J hf l h k f hf l h h S wlaomaMumifif; (7) raumif;rIEihf wlaomaMumifif;? (8) zsm;emrIEiwaomaMumifif;? (9) ab;&efEiwaom h S h S hf l h S hf l aMumifif;? (10) Oy'a0gESiwaomaMumifif;? (11) ab;ESiwaomaMumifif;? (12) uyfNidaomtaESmift,SuEihf h hf l h hf l h h f S wlaomaMumifif;? (13) rapmifaSmufwwfaomaMumifif;? (14) yke;atmif;&m r[kwaomaMumifif;? (15) h h h f f h ud;uG,&m r[kwaomaMumifif;? (16)tjypftm'De0 jzpfaomaMumifif;? (17) raumif;rI\ tjrpft&if; jzpfaom k f f h h aMumifif;? (18) olowfa,musm;ESihf wlaomaMumifif;? (19) tmoa0g\ tmkjH zpfaom aMumifif;? (20) h f h h olowform;-rm&fwYdk\ owfp&m tpm jzpfaomaMumifif;? (21) jzpfjcif;oabmSaomaMumifif;? (22) tdjk cif; h d h oabmSaomaMumifif;? (23) emjcif;oabmSaomaMumifif;? (24) pd;&drz,f oabmjzpfaom aMumifif;? (25) d h d h k f G h ida<u;zG,f oabm jzpfaomaMumifif;? (26) jyif;pGm ylyefz,f oabmjzpfaomaMumifif;? (27) udavomwkYd \ k h G h pGr&m tmkoabm jzpfaomaMumifif;-odYk tpSaomtaMumif;wdYk aMumifh qif;&J[k I\/ J DS H h d (1) rESpf rdYz,f jzpfaomaMumifif;? (2) raumif;aom teHYaomaMumifif;? (3) pufqyz,f jzpfaom G h dS h k f G aMumifif;? (4) GYH mzG,f jzpfaomaMumifif;? (5) wef;qmrqifjcif;jzifh wifw,frI ysup;aomaMumifif;? (6) h S h h f D h tqif;rvSaomaMumifif;? (7) tvGetjrifq;aomaMumifif; odYk tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh 'ku h f kd h d vuPm\ tNcHt&H jzpfaom tokb-rwifw,faom taetm;jzifh I\/ h (1) jyify olpr;jzpfaomaMumifif;? (2) twrS uif;aomaMumifif;? (3) tcsn;ES; jzpfaomaMumifif;? d f h h f D h (4) twrS qdwoO;aomaMumifif;? (5) ydiirSaomaMumifif;? (6) tpd;r&aomaMumifif;? (7) tvdtwdi; f k f h k f S f d h k h k k f rjzpfaomaMumifif;-odYk tpSaom taMumif;wdYk aMumifh twr[kwf twrSd[k I\/ h d 290 758/ qkconftwdi; Ijrifaom a,m*Donf vuPmoH;yg; wif ocFg&wkYd ukd ItyfNyD; d hJ h k f k jzpfavawmh\/ a,m*Donf xkocFg&wkYd ukd tb,faMumifh odYk odr;qnf;oenf; [lrl ..... ocFg&wkYd ukd d h f pGeYf vwjf cif;\ NyD;pD;aMumif;enf;vrf;udk jynfpapjcif; tusKd;iSg odr;qnf;ayonf/ xkoYdk odr;qnf;&m T h kH f d f atmufygrSm Oyrmaywnf; a,musfm;wa,mufonf ]]ig;zrf;tH}h } [k BuH ig;jrK;udk ,l a&xJ csvsuf axmifxm;owwf? xdk H a,musfm;onf jrK;0jzifh vufukd csoGi; a&xJ a>rudk vnfyif; udi ]]igonf ig;udk zrf;rdNyD}}[k 0rf;ajrmuf H f k f 0rf;om jzpfav\? xda,musfm;onf ]]BuD;pGmaom ig;udk ig &aypGwum;}}[k a&ay:odYk ajrmufwif Munfvwf k h aomf vnfa&;oH;qifukd jrifojzifh a>r[k od&aomaMumifh aMumufvefYvsuf tjypfjrif qkyuixm;jcif; NiD;aiGY k h f kd f vsuf vTwvonfjzpf vTwjf cif;\ NyD;pD;aMumif; enf;vrf;udk yvsuf (a>r&pfywfxm;aom) vufukd tNrD;rS p f kd ajzNyD;vQif vufukd ajrmuf acgif;ay: ESpBf udrf oH;Budrf (ESpywf oH;ywf) a0SY&rf;vSnywfvsuf a>rudk Hk k f k hf tm;enf;atmif y ]]oGm;a&m[Jh a>rqd;}}[k pGeYf vwvuNf yD;vQif vsifjrefaom t[kejf zifh uefabmif;ay:odYk k T f kd dk wuf ]]tcsif;wkYd BuD;pGmaom a>rcHwi;rS vGwajrmufayNyDwum;}}[k vmcJ&mvrf;udk arQmfMunfvsuf &yfwnf G f f h h aeav\/
130
xdOyrm ig;[kxifrw a>rudk vnfyif; qkyuivsuf xdk a,musfm;\ tm;& 0rf;ajrmufaom umv k S f f kd f uJoYkd twabm cEmud,u& tpuwnf;uyifvQif a,m*D\ tm;&0rf;ajrmufcaom umvudk rSwtyf\/ h k f kd hJ f jrK;0rS a>racgif;udk xkwaqmif vnfa&; oH;qifukd xda,musm;\ jrifjcif;uJoYkd a,m*D\ Ce ynwfukd H f k h k f h cGzsufNyD;vQif ocFgwdYk vuPmoH;yg; Ijrifjcif;udk rSwtyf\/ xda,musfm; \ aMumufYHG aom umvuJoYkd J k f k h a,m*D\ aMumufz,ab; taetm;jzifh xifaom b,wky|mePfukd rSwtyf\? xkYd aemif (xda,musm;\) G f f k f tjypfjrifjcif;uJoYkd (a,m*D\) tjypfjrifaom tm'De0gEkyem Pfukd rSwtyf\? (xka,musm;\) a>rudk h f d f qkyuixm;jcif; NiD;aiGYjcif;uJoYkd ( a,m*D\) NiD;aiGYvsuf Saom edA'gEkyemPfukd rSwtyf\? (xdk f kd f h d d f a,musm;\) a>rudk vTwvjkd cif; uJoYkd (a,m*D\) ocFg& wkYd ukd vTwvvsuf jzpfaom rkOwurswmPfukd f f h f kd d k rSwtyf\? vTwjf cif;\ NyD;pD;aMumif; enf;vrf;udk (xda,musm;\) yjcif;uJoYkd (a,m*D\) wzefovsuf f k f h d Iaom y#docFg EkyemPfjzifh ocFg&wkYd vuPmoH;yg; wifjcif;udk rSwtyf\? xda,musmonf a>rudk k f k f a0SY&rf;vSnywfvsuf tm;enf;atmif yum jyefvnruduEionf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufap aumif;pGm vTwjf cif; hf S hf k f kd f jzifh vTwvuouJoYkd xkYd twl a,m*Donf vuPmoH;yg;wifjcif;jzifh ocFg&wdYk ukd a0SY&rf;vSnywf (ouJoYkd f kd f h k hf h y)vsuf tm;enf;atmifyum NrJaomtjcif;t&m csr;omaomtjcif;t&m wifw,faomtjcif;t&m twaumif f h tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wzef rxifay:Edionf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufap aumif;pGm vTwjf cif;jzifh vTw\/ xkYd aMumifh k f f ]]vTwjf cif;\ NyD;pD;aMumif; enf;vrf;udk jynfpapjcif;iSg odYk odr;qnf;onf}}[k igqdcayonf/ h kH f k hJ 759/ rQ (tm;xkwcaom bm0emtpDt&if)jzifh xda,m*Dtm; y#docFgPf jzpfay:NyD[k rSwtyf f hJ k f \/ ,if;y#docFgPfudk &nf 291 ]]rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aomoltm; tb,fukd wzef od Pfonf jzpfay:oenf; qif;&J[/ kH f k twr[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; tb,fukd wzefo Pfonf jzpfay:oenf; [lrl .... f kH f d rNrJ[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; (ocFg&) edrwukd wzefo Pfonf jzpfay:\? qif;&J[k kH f d f d ESv;oGi;aom oltm; rjywfjzpfaom b0t,Ofukd wzefo Pfonf jzpfay:\? tw kH f d r[kw[k ESv;oGi;aom oltm; ocFg&edrwuif; rjywfjzpfaom b0 t,Ofuif; wzefo f kH f d f kd kd d Pfonf jzpfay:\}}[k --y#dor'gr*f a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ d l ygVd edrwukd wzefo [lonfum; ocFg&edrwukd ]]rcdiNf rJ tcdutwefYrQom wnfonf}}[k tedp d f d d f k k f vuPm\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh odNyD;/ quf Sif;jyOD;tHh? aS;OD;pGm odNyD; Pfonf aemufrS jzpfay:onfum; r[kway? odYk aomfvnf; ]]raem'Gg&udif; oabmtmkwYkd uif; pGr raem0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\}} odkY f k H kd J DS tpSaom pum;wkYd uoYdk xkYd twl ajymk;ajympOf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh qdtyfayonf/ wenf;um; {uwenf; d hJ d f k t&tm;jzifh aS;y#docFgPf\ odjcif;udif; aemufPf\ jzpfjcif;udif; waygif;wnf; y odYk qdonf[k k k k odtyf\/ enf;jzifh rSwyg;aom yk'f 2-ck vnf; teufukd odtyf\/
y#docFgEkyemPf NyD;\/
131
ocFgkayumPfudk jyqdkcsuf
760/ xka,m*Donf qdconftwdi; y#docFgEkyemPfjzifh ]]tvH;pHaom ocFg& wkYd onf (twr) d k hJ h k f k k S qdwoO;uke\}}[k odr;qnf;NyD;vQif wzef ]]ocFg&w&m; taygif;onf tw (tjzpf)rSif; tw\Opm f k f f f (tjzpf)rSif; qdwoO; \}}[k tzdYk Epyg;ESihf pyfqiaom qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf; jyef\/ xda,m*Donf f k f S f kd f f k f f k odYk odr;qnf;jcif;jzifh rdr[aom twuvnf; rjrifr omvQif? rdr\ toH;taqmif tNcHt&Htjzpf f d l kd l d k wnfaom wpHwckaom olwyg;udvnf; rjrifr omvQif wzef ]]twaumif[k ac:aom igonf tb,frmrQ k k l S rS?d wpHwa,muf\rQ aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpf rS?d (wpHwa,muf\rQ wpHw&mrQ pyfqior[kw) ? (olwyg; k f k k dk f l f [laom twaumifonf) tb,frmrQ rS?d (xdol wyg;onf) wpHwckaom taMumif;aMumifrQ ig\ S k k h aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpf rS?d ( ig\ wpHw&mrQ pyfqiol r[kw) }} [l (oknwmEkyemt&m) f k kd f f a[mxm;aom tzdYk av;yg;ESihf pyfqiaom (twr) qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf;jyef\/ kd f S f k f f tb,foYkd enf;[lr a,m*Donf ]]em[H uGped- igonf tb,frSrQ rSd}} [laom ygXft& wpHwckaom l k t&yfrQ rdru,f (tw)udk rjrif/ ]]upd udOewo- wpHwa,muf\rQ aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpfrS}d } [laom d dk d k f ygXft& rdr\ud,ukd wpHwa,mufaom olwyg;\ aMumifMh u zG,\ tjzpf aqmifxm;oifonfukd rjrif d k f k f h nDtpfu[k xifrw nDtpfu\t&maomfif; oli,fcsif; rdwaqG[k xifrw oli,fcsif; rdwaqG\ kd S f kd f S f f t&maomfif; toH;taqmif[k xifrw toH;taqmif t&maomfif; aqmifxm;oifonfukd rjrif? um; k S f k h qdvaom teuf/ ]]e p rr uGped- ig\ tb,frmrQ rSd [laom ygXf ]]rr-ig\}} [laom yk'ukd z,fxm; ]]e k kd S f p uGped-tb,frmrQ rS}d } [laom ygXft& olwyg;\ twuvnf; tb,frmrQ 292 rjrif? um;qdvaom S kd S k kd teuf/ ,cktcg z,fxm;cJaom ]]rr-ig\}} [laom yk'fudk aqmif,l ]]rr udoOd udOeww}d }-[laom ygXft& h d olwyg;\ xdtwonf ig\ wpHwckaom aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpf Sonf[k rjrif? nDtpfu[k xifrw k k f d kd S f rdr\ nDtpfukd t&maomfif; oli,fcsif; rdwaqG[k xifrw oli,fcsif; rdwaqGt&maomfif; toHk; d f S f f taqmif[k xifrw toH;taqmif t&maomfif; odYk wpHwckaom t&m olwyg;\ twukd (rdr\) S f k k d aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpfjzifh aqmifoifh aqmifxuonfukd rjrif? um; qdvaom teuf/ odYk vQif f kd f k kd a,m*Donf wpHwckaom t&yf umv w&m;xJ rdru,[aom twukd rjrifonfomwnf;/ xdk rdru,ukd k d kd f l d kd f olwyg;\ aMumifMh uzG,f tjzpf aqmifoifh aqmifxuonfuvnf; rjrifonfomwnf;? olwyg;\ twukd kd f kd vnf; rjrifonfomwnf;? olwyg;\ twukd rdr\ aMumifMh uzG,f tjzpf aqmifoifh aqmifxuonfuvnf; d kd f kd rjrifonfomwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh a,m*Donf tzdYk av;yg;ESihf pyfqiaom (twr) qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf; kd f S f k f f (tyf)NyD; jzpfav\/ 761/ qdconftwdi; tzdYk av;yg;ESihf pyfqiaom (twr) qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf; NyD;vQif wzef k hJ h k f kd f S f k f f ajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf;jyef\/ tb,fodkYenf; [lrl .... rsufponf tw f k f f d (tjzpf)rS aomfif; tw\Opm (tjzpf)rS aomfif; NrJjcif;rS aomfif; cdicjhH cif;rS aomfif; xm0& wnfjdS cif;rS k f aomfif; razmufjyefjcif; oabmrS aomfif; qdwoO;\/ y/ pdwfESvHk;onf tw (tjzpf)rS aomfif; .... qdwf f k f okO;\? tqif;wkYd onf tw (tjzpf)rS aomfif; .... qdwoO;uke\/ y/ oabmtmkwYkd onf tw (tjzpf)rS f f k f f H aomfif; .... qdwfokOf;ukef\/ jrifor-puK0dnmPfonf/ y/ BuHor-raem0dnmPfonf/ jrifawGYr-puKor d I d I I onf-odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh tdjk cif; aojcif;-Z&mr&Pwdiatmif odr;qnf;yHenf;udk aqmif odtyf\/ d k f f k 762/ qdconftwdi; ajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf;NyD;vQif wzef k hJ h k f f k f f Spyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifor;qnf;jyef\/ odrf;qnf;yHkum; .... kyonfNrJaom tESp[aom tESptm;jzifif; f h d f f f l f h cdicaom tESp[aom tESptm;jzifif; csrf;omaom tESp[aom tESptm;jzifif; twaumif tESp[aom k f hH f l f h f l f h f l tESptm;jzifif; NrJjcif;jzifif; cdicjhH cif;jzifif; tNrJwef; wnfjdS cif;jzifif; razmufjyefjcif; oabmtm;jzifif; f h h k f h h h tESpf r[kwf tESprSd tESpuif;\/ a0'emonf/ onmonf/ ocFg&wkYd onf/ 0dnmPfonf/ rsufponf/ y/ f f d tkjd cif; aojcif;onf NrJaomtESpf [laom tESptm;jzifif;/ y/ razmufjyefjcif; oabmtm;jzifif; tESpf r[kwf f h h tESprSd tESpuif;\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh usLonf tESpr[kwf tESprSd tESpuif;ouJoYkd if;? Muufqonf/ f f f f f h l a&ozef;onf/ a&cwufjzLonf/ aygufyifonf/ a&jrKyfpionf/ a&yGuonf/ wHvyonf/ iSuaysmwk;onf/ kd f f S f f H rsufvnhf (jytyfaom t&m)onf tESpr[kwf tESprSd tESpuif;ouJoYkd if; twlyif kyonf/ y/ tdjk cif; S f f f h f aojcif;onf NrJaom tESp[aom tESptm;jzifif;/ y/ razmufjyefjcif; oabm;tm;jzifif; tESpr[kwf tESprSd f l f h h f f tESpuif;\[k odr;qnf;\/ f f
132
293 763/ xda,m*Donf qdconftwdi; Spyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf; k k hJ h k f f f k f f NyD;vQif wzef q,fyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh odr;qnf;jyef\/ (odr;qnf;ykum;-) kyukd (tESpr) uif;onf[k f f H f f S I\/ tcsnf;ES;[k/ qdwoO;onf[/ twr[kw[/ tpd;r&[k/ tvdwi; ryEdi[/ awmifwwdi; D f k f k f k k k dS kd f k f k h k f r&Edi[/ tvdtwdi; rjzpf[/ jyifyolpr;[k/ uif;qdwonf[k I\/ a0'emud/ y/ 0dnmPfukd (tESpr) k f k k k f k d f f k f S uif;onf[k/ y/ uif;qdwfonf[k I\/ 764/ qdconftwdi; q,fyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf; NyD;vQif wzef k hJ h k f f k f f wq,fEpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh odr;qnf;jyef\/ odr;qnf;yHum; kyonf ow0g r[kw?f toufr[kw?f h S f f f k f vlr[kw?f vkvifr[kw?f rde;r r[kw?f a,musm;r[kw?f tw r[kw?f tw\ Opmr[kw?f igr[kw?f ig\ Opm f f r[kw?f olwyg;\ Opmr[kw?f wpHwa,muf\rQ Opm r[kw/ a0'emonf/ y/ 0dnmPfonf ow0g r[kw/y/ k f f wpHwa,mufrQ Opmr[kw[k I\/ k f 765/ qdconftwdi; wq,fEpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf;NyD;vQif wzef k hJ h k f h S f f k f f wD&Py&dnm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh av;q,fEpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh qdwoO;jcif;udk odr;qnf;jyef\/ f h S f f k f f odr;qnf;yHum; .... kyukd rNrJ[k I\/ qif;&J[/ a&m*g[k/ tdi;trm[k/ ajimih[/ raumif;rI[/ tzsm;tem f k f k k f f k k [k/ jyifyolpr;[k/ tvGeysufonf[/ (10) ab;&ef[/ Oy'a0g[k/ aMumufz,ab;[k/ Niduyfaom taESmuf d f f k k G f t,Su[/ wkevyonf[/ ysufv,onf[/ rcdirm[k/ rapmifaSmufwwf[/ yke;atmif;&mr[kw[k/ ab;udk f k f I f k G f k k f h k f f ry,fowfwwf[/ (20) ud;uG,&m r[kw[/ twrS uif;onf[/ tcsnf;ES;[k/ qdwoO;onf[/ tw k k f f k k D f k f k r[kw[/ om,mzG,r[kw[/ tjypf[/ azmufjyefjcif; oabmSonf[/ tESprS[/ raumif;rI\ tjrpft&if; f k f f k k d k f d k [k/ (30) owfwwfonf[/ BuD;yGg;pnfyifjcif; uif;onf[/ tmoa0gw&m;wkYd \ tmkH[k/ aygif;pk ytyfaom k k ocFww&m;[k/ olowform;-rm&fwYdk\ owfp&mtpm[k/ jzpfjcif;oabmSonf[/ tdjk cif; oabmSonf[/ d k d k emjcif;oabmSonf[/ aojcif;oabmSonf[/ pd;&drjf cif; ida<u;jcif; qif;&Jjcif; ESv;romjcif; jyif;pGmylyefjcif; d k d k k k kH oabmSonf[/ (40) jzpfjcif;tm;jzif/ csKyfjcif;tm;jzif/ om,mzG,f tm'tm;jzif/ tjypf tm'De0 tm;jzif/ d k h h h h xGuajrmufjcif; tm;jzifh I\/ a0'emud/ y/ 0dnmPfukd rNrJaomtm;jzif/ y/ xGuajrmufjcif; tm;jzifh I\/ f k h f rSeay\? kyukd rNrJaomtm;jzif/ y/ xGuajrmufjcif;tm;jzifh Iaom olonf cEm ig;yg; [laom avmu f f h f udk qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh Ionfrnf\/ a0'emud/ y/ 0dnmPfukd rNrJaomtm;jzif/ y/ xGuajrmufjcif;tm;jzifh f k f k h f Iaom olonf cEmig;yg;[laom avmuudk qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh Ionf rnf\/ f k f ]]armC&mZ&aoh? oifonf tcgcyfor; trSw&onfjzpf (cEmtpSaom) avmuudk d f f d (twr) qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh Iavmh? odYk IvQif twoYdk tpOfvuaom tjrifrm;udk S f k f kd f S y,fEw aojcif;udk ausmfveEi\? avmuudk odYk (qdwoO;aomtm;jzif) Ijrifaom I f G f kd f f k f h olukd aorif;onf rawGY rjrifawmhNyD}} [laom pum;udk a[mawmfr\/ l 294 766/ qkconftwdi; qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh Ivsuf vuPm oH;yg;wif ocFg&wkYd ukd d hJ h k f f k f k odr;qnf;aom a,m*Donf aMumufjcif;udif; ESpoufjcif;udif; y,f ocFg&wkYd vspfvsL Ivsuf tv,f f k f k tvwf oabmSonfomvQif jzpfav\? ig[lif; ig\Opm[lif; rpGvrf;awmhNyD? tb,fuoYkd enf;[lr d J hJ l r,m;udk pGeYf vwNf yD;aom a,musm;uJoYkdwnf;/ T f h Oyrmtm;jzifh a,musfm;wa,muftm; vdvm;ESpouftyf jrwfE;tyfaom r,m;onf S&m\? xdk k f kd d a,musm;onf xdr,m;jzpfoEihf cGcg wrk[wrQaomfvnf; aejcif;iSg rpGr;Edi&m? xdr,m; jzpfoukd tvGeyif f k l S J G k f f k f k l f cspjf rwfE;&m\? xda,musm;onf r,m;jzpfaom xdre;rudk wyg;aom a,musm;ESihf twlwuG &yfaeonfukd kd k f k d f f jzpfap xdiaeonfukd jzpfap ajymqdaeonfukd jzpfap &,fiaeonfukd jzpfap jrifvQif trsufxuvsuf k f k T f G f ESv;rom jzpf&m\? twdi;xuftvGef ESv;romjzif; pdwqif;&Jukd cHpm;&&m\/ xda,musfm;onf tcgwyg; kH k f kH f k r,m;jzpfaom xdre;r\ tjypfa'goudk jrifaomaMumifh (xdre;rrS) uif;vGwvonfjzpf xdre;rudk uGmSi; k d f k d f f kd k d f f pGeYf vwvu&m\? xkre;rudk ig\r,m;[l rrSw,awmhbJ Sav&m\? xdtcgrSp xdre;ronf wpHk T f kd f d d f f l d k k d f wa,mufaom a,musm;ESihf twlwuG wpHwckaom trIukd yaeonfukd awGYjrif&aomfvnf; trsurxGuawmh f k f f av&m? ESv;romjcif;odYk ra&mufawmhav&m? pifppftm;jzifh vspfvsLIvsuf tv,ftvwf oabm SonfomvQif kH d
133
jzpfav&m\? xdYk twlyif a,m*D yk*Kd vfonf tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd rS vGwajrmufvonfjzpf y#docFgEkyem k k f kd jzifh ocFg&wkYd ukd odr;qnf;vsuf ig[lif; ig\Opm[lif; rSw,z,ukd rjrifaomaMumifh aMumufjcif;udif; f f l G f k ESpoufjcif;udif; y,fpeYf tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd vspfvsLIvsuf tv,ftvwfoabm SonfomvQif f k G k k d jzpfavawmh\/ odYk odvsuf odYk jrifaom xda,m*D\pdwonf oH;yg;aom b0wdYk if;? av;yg;aom a,medwYkd k f k if;? ig;yg;aom *wdwYdk if;? ckepfyg;aom 0dnmP|dwwYdk if;? ud;yg;aom owm0gowkYd if; wGeYf \ IHY\ d k jyefepf\ jyefYroGm;? vspfvsLIjcif;onfaomfif; pufqyonf\ tjzpf (pufqyjf cif;) onfaomfif; aumif;pGm k f k wnf\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh pOf;i,f udi;Ii;aom Mumzufay: a&aygufwYdk onf wGeYf uef IYH uef jyefepfuevsuf k f d f k k k f jyefY roGm;ukeouJoYkd xkYd twlyifvQif/ y/ wenf; Oyrmtm;jzifh rD;xJ xnhvuaom Muufawmifonfif; f h f kd f taMumwH;onfif; wGeYf vsuf IYH vsuf jyefepfvsuf jyefY roGm;ouJoYdk xdYk twlyifvQif xda,m*D\ pdwonf k h k f oH;yg;aom b0wdYk if;/y/ jyefYroGm;? vspfvsLIjcif;onfaomfif; pufqyonf\ tjzpfonfaomfif; k k f aumif;pGmwnf\/ odYk jzpfvQif xda,m*Dtm; ocFg&wkYd vspfvsLIaomaMumifh ocFgkayumrnfaom Pfonf k jzpfNyD[k odtyf\/ 767/ xdocFgkayumrnfaom Pfonf Nidr;at;&mjzpfaom edAmef-tNidr;"mwfukd Nidr;at;aom k f f f tm;jzifh tu,f jrifjim;tH?h (xkoYkd jrifvQif) tvH;pHaom ocFg&t,Ofukd pGeYf vw edAmef-tNidr;"mwfoYkdom d k k T f f vQif ajy;0ifom;\/ edAmef-tNidr;"mwfukd 295 Nidr;at;aomtm;jzifh tu,f rjrifao;jim;tH?h (xkoYkd rjrifao; G f f d vQif) ocFg&udom tmkH yvsuf (Ivsuf) tzefwvJvJ jzpfay:ae\/ (tb,fuoYkd enf; [lr) yifv,fc&D; k hJ l onfwYdk \ t&yfrsufEm axmufvr;a&; usD;uJoYkd wnf;/ wqifpum; Mum;&onfrm .... yifv,fc&D;onfjzpfaom S S f h h S ukeonfwYdk onf yifv,fu;oabFmudk wufp; ( yifv,f c&D;oGm;) ukevwfaomf 'domumuac: t&yfrsufEm f l D f S axmufvr;a&; us;udk ,laqmifom;ukeowwf? xdk yifv,fc&D;onf wdYk onf avrkewi; wduviaomaMumifh S f D G f f kd f k f T hf oabFmonf ra&mufb;aom t&yfwyg;okYd ajy;oGm;ojzifh urf;udk rjrif& rrSe;qEdiaomtcg (,laqmif l f k f vmcJaom) t&yfrsuEm axmufvr;a&; us;udk vTwue\/ xdkusD;onf vif;,Ofwizsm;rS aumif;uifoYdk ysH h f S S f D f k f kd f wufNyD;vQif tvH;pHueaom wll t&yfrsufEmwkYd uif; taxmift&yf rsufEmwkYd uif; tpOftwki; vSnvnf k k k f S kd h S kd d f hf ysHom; urf;udk tu,f jrifjim;tH?h xdk urf;qDoYkd om aS;Ijyvsuf ysHom;av\/ urf;udk rjrif&vQirum; G G f l tzefwvJvJ jyefvm NyD;vQif vif;,Ofwizsm;omvQif em;ae\? xkYd twlyif ocFgkayumPfonf Nidr;at;&m kd f f jzpfaom edAmef-tNidr;"mwfukd Nidr;at;aomtm;jzifh tu,f jrifjim;th?H (xdoYkd jrifvQif) tvH;pHaom ocFg& f f k k k t,Ofukd pGeYf vw edAmef tNidr;"mwfoYkd omvQif ajy;0ifom;\/ tu,f rjrifao;jim;th?H (xdoYdk rjrifao; T f f G k vQif) ocFg&udom tmkH yvsuf (Ivsuf) tzefwvJvJ jzpfay:ae\/ k xdoYkd jzpfay:aeaom ocFgkayumPfonf Aef;ay: vSrtyf qiftyfaom rkeYf nufuoYkd if; k d hf h hJ zwftyfaom taphxwNf yD; 0g*Gr;uJoYdk if;? El;nHorarGYpmjzpf txl;xl; tjym;jym;tm;jzifh ocFg&wkYd ukd k f h h d f G odr;qnf;NyD;vQif aMumufjcif;udif; ESpoufjcif;udif; y,fpeYf ocFg&w&m;wdYk ukd pl;prf;jcif; tv,ftvwf f k f k G vspfvsL oabmSonfjzpf oH;yg; tjym;Saom tEkyem\ tpGrtm;jzifh wnf\/ odkY wnfaom ocFg d k d f kayumPfonf oH;yg;tjym;Saom 0darmurc tjzpfoYkd a&muf ckepfrsKd;aom t&d,myk*Kd vfwYdk udk cGjJ crf;a0bef k d k &ef taMumif;jzpfay\/ 768/ xd(0darmurctjzpfoYkd a&mufjcif; taMumif;jzpfjcif;wkYd ) ocFgkayumPfonf oH;yg;tjym; k k k Sdaom tEkyem\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;aMumifh oH;yg;aom aÈwYdk\ tBuD;tr; jzpfjcif; (tpd;&jcif;)\ f k k tpGr;tm;jzifh oH;yg;tjym;Saom 0darmurctjzpfoYkd a&mufonf rnf\/ csJY jy&vQif oH;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd f k d k k udk oH;yg;aom 0darmurcwkYd [ qdtyfue\/ tb,fuJhoYdk a[mxm;oenf; [lr k k l k k f l ]]oH;yg;ukeaom 0darmurcwkYd onf avmurS xGuajrmuf&ef tvdYk ig jzpfue\? k f k f S k f tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd ukd (jzpfjcif; ysufjcif; [laom) tydi;tjcm;ESihf e,fq; tuefYtowf k k k f kH tm;jzifh Ijcif;iSg (I&ef tvdkYiSg)if; tedrdw rnfaom edAmef"mwf pdw\ ajy;0if&ef tvdYk f iSgif; jzpfue\? tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd pdwukd aumif;pGm xufapjcif;iSg (xufap&ef k f k k f tvdYk ig)if; tyP[wrnfaom edAmef"mwf pdw\ ajy;0if&ef tvdYk igif; jzpfue\? S d d f S k f
134
tvH;pHaom w&m;wkYd ukd jyifyolpr; taetm;jzifh aumif;pGm tzefwvJvJ I&ef tvdkYiSgif; k k d f oknwrnfaom edAmef"mwf pdw\ajy;0if&ef tvdYk igif; jzpfue\? oH;yg;aom f S k f k 0darmurcwdYk onf avmurSxuajrmuf&ef tvdYk ig jzpfue\}}[k --k G f S k f (y#dor'gr*f) a[mxm;ay\/ d xdygXf y&dap'y&d0#Krawm- tydi;tjcm;ESihf e,fq; tuefYtowftm;jzifh [lonfum; jzpfjcif; k - k f kH ysujf cif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tydi;tjcm;tm;jzifif; e,fq; tuefYtowftm;jzifif;/ rSeay\? tedpmEkyem f k f h kH h f onf ]]jzpfjcif;rS aS; (rjzpfrumvu) ocFg&wdYk onf rSueao;}}[k ydi;jcm; xdk ocFg&wdkY\ (NyD;pD;jcif; D d k f k f [laom) tvm;tvmudk tpOfvu qifjcifvsuf ]]ysufjcif;rS aemufoYkd roGm;uke?f ysufjcif;omvQif kd f uG,aysmufue\}}[k e,fq; tuefYtowftm;jzifh tzefwvJvJ I\/ raemorkawZewm,-pdwEv;udk f k f kH f S kH aumif;pGm xufapjcif;iSg [lonfum; 296 pdwukd xdwvefYaponf\tjzpf (xdwvefYap&ef) tvdYk ig/ rSeay\? f f f S f 'kumEkyemjzifh ocFg&wkYd pdwukd xdwvefYap\/ jyifyolpr;taetm;jzifh aumif;pGm tzefwvJvJ I&eftvdYk ig f f d f S [lonfum; igr[kwf ig\Opmr[kw[k odYk twr[kwaomtm;jzifh aumif;pGm tzefwvJv&ef tvdYk ig/ f f J I S odYk vQif oH;yg;aom yk'wYkd ukd tedpmEkyemponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh a[mxm;onf[k odtyfue\/ k f f k f xdYk aMumifyifvQif xdygXf\ tjcm;rJ jyemwkYd ukd ajz&mwGif h k h ]]rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom oltm; ocFg&wdYk onf ukeaomtm;jzifh kH f f xifue\/ qif;&Jaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aomoltm; ocFg&wkYd onf aMumufz,f k f kH f G ab;tm;jzifh xifue\/ twr[kwaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aomoltm; ocFg& k f f Hk f wkYd onf qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh xifue\}}[kf k f k f a[m(tyf)ay\/ 769/ (tedpmEkyem tpSdaom) tEkyem wkYd onf tMuif0armuwYdk \ t0if0 rkcf rnfue\? xkd d k f 0darmuwYdk um; tb,fonfwYdk enf; [lr tedrw0armu tyP[w0darmu oknw 0darmu[aom l d d d d l ok;yg;wkYd aywnf;/ rSeay\/ H f ]]rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom olonf ,kMH unf qk;jzwfr-t"darmu tjzpfrsm; Hk f H I onfjzpf tedrw rnfaom 0darmuudk &\/ qif;&Jaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom d Hk f olonf Nidr;at;jcif;-y'd tjzpfrsm;onf jzpf tyP[w 0darmuukd &\/ tw f d d r[kwaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom olonf Pfynm tjzpfrsm;onf jzpf f Hk f oknw0darmuukd &\}}[laompum;ukd a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ ygXf tedrw0armu [lonfum; edrwuif;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh edAmefudk tmkH yvsufjzpfaom d d d f t&d,mr*fwnf;/ xkt&d,mr*fonf tedrw rnfaom edAmef"mwf jzpfaomaMumifh tedrwrnf\? udavomwkYd rS d d d vGwajrmufaomaMumifh 0darmuvnf; rnf\/ enf;jzifyifvQif awmifwrI wPSmuif;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f h h edAmefudk tmkH yvsufjzpfaom t&d,mr*fonf tyPd[dw rnf\/ twrS qdwoO;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f k f edAmefudk tmkH yvsufjzpfaom t&d,mr*fonf oknw rnf\ [l odtyf\/ 770/ tbd"rmum; ]]tMuiftcg rdpmt,lwYdk ukd y,fjcif;iSg yXrbHk tqifoYkd a&mufjcif;iSg 0#f h qif;&JrS xGuom;aom 0#fqif;&Jukd zsuq;&ef edAmefoYkdom;aom avmukw&m psmefukd jzpfap\? 0wKumr f G f D G udavoumrwkYd rS uif;qdwomvQif tyP[w rnfaom yXrpsmefoYkd qdua&muf ae\/ y/ oknw f d d k f rnfaom yXrpsmefoYkd qdua&muf ae\}}[k odYk 0darmuEpyg;udk omvQif a[m(tyf)\? xd0armuEpyg; k f S f k d S f udom a[monfrm rkcstm;jzifh 0dyem[laom r*f\vmcJ&m taMumif;udk &nf a[mjcif;jzpfayonf/ k S h rSeay\? y#dor'gr*f 0dyemPfukd f d
135
]]tedpmEkyemPfonf NrJaomtjcif;t&m tm;jzifh ESv;oGi;jcif;udk pGeYf vwf kH f T aomaMumifh oknw0darmu rnf\/ 'kumEkyemPfonf csr;omaom tjcif;t&m f tm;jzifh ESv;oGi;jcif;udk pGeYf vwaomaMumifh oknw0darmu rnf\/ tewEyem kH f T f k Pfonf twtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv; oGi;jcif;udk pGeYf vwaomaMumifh 297 oknw kH f T f 0darmu rnf\}}[k odYk NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi;jcif;udk pGeYf vwonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ]]oknw G kH f T f f 0darmu}} [lif; ]]tedpmEkyemPfonf NrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh (xifaom) ocFg& edrwukd pGeYf vwaomaMumifh tedrw0armu rnf\/ 'kumEkyemPfonf csr;om d f T f d d f taejzifh (xifaom) ocFg&edrwukd pGeYf vwaomaMumih/ tewmEkyemPfonf tw d f T f f tm;jzifh (xifaom) ocFg&edrwukd pGeYf vwaomaMumifh tedrw0armurnf\}}[k okdY d f T f d d ocFg& edrwudk pGeYf vTwonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ]]tedrw0armu}}[lif; d f f f d d ]]tedpmEkyemPfonf NrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh awmifwrI-wPSmukd pGeYf vwf h T aomaMumifh tyP[w 0darmu rnf\/ 'kumEkyemPfonf csr;omaom tjcif;t&m d d f tm;jzifh awmifwrIudk pGeYf vwaomaMumif/ tewmEky emPfonf twtjcif;t&m h T f h tm;jzifh awmifwrIudk pGeYf vwf aomaMumifh tyP[w0darmu rnf\}}[k okYd awmifwrI h T d d h wPSmukd pGeYf vwonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ]]tyP[w0darmu}}[lif; T f f d d a[mxm;onfum; rSeay\? okYd aomfvnf; xk0yemPfonf ocFg&edrwudk ry,fpeYf aomaMumifh rkcstm;jzifh f d d d f G tedrw rrnfay/ rkcstm;jzifrum; oknwESihf tyP[womvQif rnfay\/ vmcJ&m taMumif;jzpfaom d h l d d h 0dyem\tpGr;tm;jzifh t&d,mr*fcP xkonw tyP[w rnfaom 0dyem\ 0darmutrnfudk xkwjf y f d k d d xm;avonf/ xkYd aMumifh tyP[wESihf oknw[laom 0darmu ESpyg;ukomvQif tbd"rm a[mxm;onf[k d d f d odtyf\/ onfum; t&m 0darmuudk jyqkcsufwnf;/ d 771/ ]]ckepfrsKd;aom t&d,m yk*Kd vfwYdk udk cGjJ crf; a0bef&ef taMumif;jzpf\}}[k qkcaom pum; (1) o'g d hJ Ekom&Dy*Kd vf? (2) o'g0drwy*Kd vf? (3) um,oudy*Kd vf? (4) Obawmbm*0drwy*K v?f (5) "rmEkom&Dy*Kd vf? k k k k k k d k (6) 'd|ywy*Kd vf? (7) ynm0drwy*Kd vf [laom ckepfyg;wkYd onf ckepfrsKd;aom t&d,myk*Kd vfwYdk rnfue\/ xkd d k k k k f ckepfrsKd;aom t&d,myk*Kd vfwYdk udk cGjJ crf;a0bef&ef ocFgkayumPfonf taMumif;jzpfay\/ 772/ csJYjy&vQif tMuify*Kd vfonf rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;onfjzpf ,HMk unfq;jzwf k kH f kH jcif;? t"darmu tjzpfrsm;vsuf vGeuaom o'aÈukd &\? xdy*Kd vfonf aomwmywd r*fcP (,HMk unfrI f J d k k o'godYk tpOfvuaom) o'gEkom&dy*Kd vf rnf\? <uif;aom r*fzvcP ckepfXmewkYd (,HMk unfro'gjzifh kd f k kd f I vGwajrmufaom) o'g0drwy*Kd vf rnf\/ f k k 773/ tMuify*Kd vfonfum; qif;&J tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;onfjzpf Nidr;at;jcif;-y'd tjzpf k kH f f rsm;vsuf vGefuJaom orm"daÈudk & xdy*Kd vfonf tvH;pHk (aom r*fzvcP SpXme) wdYk (emrum,jzifh \? k k k kd f f rsuarSmufyaom) um,ouy*Kd vf rnf\/ f d k tlypsmefukd a&mufNyD; t&[wzvoYkd a&mufygrlum; (xdy*Kd vfonf ESpyg;aom tzdYk jzifh vGwajrmuf kd f k k f f aom) Obawmbm*0drwy*Kd vf rnf\/ k k 298 774/ tMuify*Kd vfonfum; tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;onfjzpf Pfynm tjzpfrsm; k kH f vsuf vGeuaom yndaÈu&\? xdy*Kd vfonf aomwmywr*fcP (ynmodYk tpOfvuaom) "rmEkom&Dy*Kd vf f J kd k k d kd f k rnf\/ (tv,fyi;zdvr*f) ajcmufcsuaom XmewkYd (edAmefukd jrifonf\tqH; tjcm;rJ a&mufaom) 'd|yw kd f k f f k h d yk*Kd vf rnf\/ t&[wzvcP (ynmjzifh vGwajrmufaom) ynm0drwy*Kd vf rnf\/ kd f f k k 775/ rSeay\ ]]rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom oltm; o'aÈonf vGeu\/ f kH f d f J o'aÈ vGeuaomaMumifh aomwmywr*fukd & xdYk aMumifh o'gEkm&Dy*Kd vf[qtyf\}} d f J d \? k k kd [laom pum;udif;? k xdrwyg; ]]rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ESv;oGi;aom oltm; o'aÈonfveu\? k S kH f d G f J
136
o'aÈveuaomaMumifh aomwmywzvukd rsufarSmufy (tyf)\? xkYd aMumifh o'g0drw d G f J d kd f k yk*Kd vf[k qdtyf\}} odkY tpSdaom pum;udkif;? k a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ 776/ xkrwyg; a[mxm;ao;onfrmvnf; atmufygtwki;yifwnf;d S S d f ]],kMH unfvsuf vGwajrmuf\? xkYd aMumifh o'g0drwrnf\? awGUxd&aom tlypsmefwYdk \ f k tjcm;rJ rsuarSmufy\? xkYd aMumifh um,ournf\/ edAmefudk jrifonf\tjcm;rJ a&muf h f d h \? xkYd aMumifh 'd|ywrnf\/ ,kMH unfvsuf vGwajrmuf \? xkYd aMumifh o'g0drwrnf\/ d f k psmeftawGUukd aS;OD;pGmawGU\? xkraemuf csKyf&medAmefudk rsuarSmufy\? xkYd aMumifh um, d S f ournf\/ ]ocFg&wkYd onf qif;&JwYdk wnf; ocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;onf csr;omwnf;}[k d f ynmjzifh odtyf jriftyf xifm;odtyf rsufarSmufytyf awGUxdtyf\? xkYd aMumifh 'd|ywrnf S d \}}/ um; ygVd/ 777/ qkcNhJ yD;onfrwyg;aom av;yk'wYdk ,kMH unfrI o'gokYd tpOfvu\? wenf;um; ,kMH unfro'g d S f dk f I w&m;jzifh (opmukojd cif;tm;)avsmpmoGm;wwf\? xkYd aMumifh o'gEkom&D rnf\/ xkYd twl ynm[kqtyfaom d f G dk w&m;okYd tpOfvu\? wenf;um; ynm[laom w&m;jzifavsmpm oGm;wwf\? xkYd aMumifh "rmEkom&Drnf\/ dk f h f G tlypsmefEihf t&d,mr*f[aom ESpyg;aom tzkYd jzifh vGwajrmuf\? xkYd aMumifh Obawmbm*0drw rnf\/ S l f f k odvsuf vGwajrmuf\? xkYd aMumifh ynm0drw rnf\[k okdY o'g\ (jzpfay:vmaMumif;) teufudk odtyf\/ f k
ocFgkayumPfwnf;/
778/ xkoYdk oabmSaom ocFgkayumPfonf aSUPfEpyg;ESihf teufw&m;uk,f t&tm;jzifh wl\/ d d S f d xkYd aMumifh aS;q&mwkYd onf]]ocFgkayumPfonf wyg;wnf;jzpfvsuf okH;yg;aom trnfwkdYukd &\/ 299 atmufyi; rkOwurswmPf rnfc\? tv,fyi; y#docFgEkyemPf rnfc\? dk f d k hJ dk f hJ tqH;tydi; acgifxyoYdk a&mufaom ocFgkayumPf rnf\}}[k k k f d f rdeYf que\/ kd k f 779/ y#dor'gr*f ygVdvnf; atmufygtwdi; a[mawmfr\ d k f l ]]tb,foYkd vQif pGeYf vwv wzef Io aumif;pGm wnfaom ynmonf ocFgkayum T f kd d Pf rnfoenf; jzpfay:jcif;udk pGeYf vwv wzef Io aumif;pGm wnfaom ynmonf T f kd d ocFg&wkYd ukd vspfvsLIaom ocFgkayumPf rnf\/ jzpfyGg;jcif;udk/ y/ ocFg&edrdwfudk/ y/ jyif;pGmylyefjcif;udk pGeYf vwv wzef Io aumif;pGm wnfaom ynmonf ocFgkayum T f dk d Pf rnf\/ jzpfay:jcif;onf qif;&Jwnf;[k/ y/ aMumufz,f ab;[k/ y/ tpmESiwuG jzpfonf G hf [k/ y/ jzpfay:jcif;onf ocFg&wkYd [/ y/ jyif;pGm ylyefjcif;onf ocFg&wkYd [k (xifjrifvsuf) k pGeYf vwf vd wzefo aumif;pGm wnfaom ynmonf ocFg kayumPf rnf\}}[k -T k I d a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ 780/ xdygVd pGeYf vwvonfvnf; [kw\? if;onf wzef Ioonfvnf; [kw\? aumif;pGm wnf k T f kd f d f onfvnf; [kw\? oH;yg;aom taMumif;aMumifh pGeYf vwv wzef Io aumif;pGm wnfonf rnf\/ f k T f kd d odkYvQif aS;tzdkY edA'gPfjzifh NiD;aiGYaom a,m*D\ jzpfay:jcif; ponfwYdkukd pGeYf vwvjkd cif;onf rkOw d T f d urswm-pGeYf vwvonf\ tjzpf rnf\/ pGeYf vwjf cif;\ NyD;pD;aMumif; enf;vrf;udk yjcif;iSgtv,f wzef T f kd T
137
Iojd cif;onf y#docFg- wzef Ioonf rnf\/ pGeYf vwNf yD; tqk; vspfvsLI jcif;onf oE|em-aumif;pGm d T H d wnfaom ynmrnf\/ ,if;okYd aumif;pGmwnfaom ynmukd &nf ]]jzpfay: jcif;onf ocFg&wkYd wnf;? xkocFg& d wkYd udk vspfvsLIaomaMumifh ocFgkayumrnf\}} okdY ponfukd rdefYqkd tyfayonf/ okdYvQif PfokH;yg; onf wyg;wnf;aom Pfomjzpfay\/ 781/ wenf;aomfum; qdvwHaom ygVdjzifvnf; Pfo;yg;ukd wyg;wnf;om [l odtyf\/ k h h Hk xkom"u ygVdum; atmufygtwki;yifwnf;d d f ]]rkOdwkurswmPf y#docFgEkyem ocFgkayum[laom w&m;wkYd onf teuf w&m;uk,f t&tm;jzifwue\? trnf o'grQomvQif xl;\}}? um; ygVd/ d h l k f 782/ qkconftwki; ocFgkayumPfudk &NyD;aom trsKd;om;\ 0dyemonf acgifxyoYdk d hJ h d f d f a&mufonfjzpf 0k|me *grdeD rnfay\/ acgifxyoYdk a&mufaom 0dyem [lif; 0k|me *grdeD [lif; d f (ac:aom) trnfonf ocFgkayum tpSdaom PfokH;yg;\ trnfaywnf;/ xko;yg;aom Pfonf d Hk acgifxy[aom jrwfonf\tjzpfoYdk a&mufaomaMumifh odcgyw- acgifxyoYdk a&mufonf rnf\/ xaomr*foYdk d f l d f oGm;a&mufwwfaomaMumifh 0k|me *grdeD-xaom r*foYdkom; a&mufonf rnf\/ A[d'edrdwfac: tjyifytmkH G jzpfaom ESv;oGi;tyf Ityfaom tmk0wKrSif; tZw y0wac: udavomt,Of cEmt,Ofrif; xajrmufom; Hk f H S G aomaMumifh t&d,mr*fukd 0k|me- xonf [kac:qkdtyf\? xdxaom t&d,mr*foYkd oGm;a&mufwwfaomaMumifh k 0k|me*grde- xaom t&d,mr*foYdkom;a&mufaom 0dyem rnf\? t&d,mr*fEiwuG qufpyf\? onfum; D G S hf (t&d,mr*foYkd oGm;a&mufonf [laom pum;\) qdv&if; teufwnf;/ k kd 783/ xdpum;&yf qdvwHonfum; ESv;oGi;jcif;ESihf xjcif;wkYd ukd xifm;apjcif;iSg acgif;pOf k k h kH f S rmwdumwnf; .... tZwudk,fwGif; w&m; ESvHk;oGif; (I) tZw-ud,wi; w&m;rS x\/ tZwk f G f ud,wi; w&m; aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; (I) A[d'-tjyify-w&m;rS 300 x\/ A[d'd-tjyify w&m; k f G f kH f aS;OD;pGm ESvHk;oGif; (I) A[d'-tjyify w&m;rS x\/ A[d'-tjyifyw&m; aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; (I) kH f tZw-udk,fwGif; w&m;rS x\/ kyf aS;OD;pGm IkyfrS x\? kyf aS;OD;pGm I emrfrS x\/ emrf aS;OD;pGm I emrfrS x\? emrf aS;OD;pGm I kyfrS x\/ cEmig;yg;wkYd rS wydieuf x\/ tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f aS;OD;pGm I tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh x\? tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm I 'ku tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh x\? tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh x\? 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm I 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ tedptjcif;t&m h tm;jzifh/ tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh x\/ tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm I tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ tedp h tjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh x\/ h 784/ tb,foYdk enf;[lr omoem tcsKdYaom a,m*Donf tpyXru yifvQif tZw-uk,wi; l d f G f ocFg&wkYd ESv;oGi;\ (I\)? ESv;oGi;NyD;vQif xkocFg&wkYd udk (rSepm) Ijrif\/ okYd aomfvnf; oufouf Hk f Hk f d f G uk,wi;w&m;ukd IjrifrQjzifomvQif r*f ([laom) xjcif;onf rjzpfao;? A[d'-tjyifyw&m;ukvnf; d f G f Hk h d Ijriftyf onfomwnf;? xkYd aMumifh olwyg;\ cEmwkYd uif; tEkyg'dEac:aom oufrocFg&wkYd udk if; tedp 'ku dk hJ tew[k I\? xkda,m*Donf &Hcg tZwukd I\? &Hcg A[d'ukd I\? okYd Ijrifaom xka,m*D\ 0dyem d onf tZwudk ok;oyfcu t&d,mr*fEihf wuG qufpyfom;\/ a,m*Donf tZw-uk,wi;w&m; H dk f S G d f G f aS;OD;pGm I tZw-uk,wi;w&m;rS xonfrnf\/ d f G f tu,f xka,m*D\ 0dyemonf A[d'w&m;ukd ok;oyfcu t&d,mr*fEiwuG qufpyf oGm;jim;tH?h d H dk f S hf a,m*Donf tZw-uk,wi;w&m; aS;OD;pGm I A[d'-tjyifyw&m;rS xonf rnf\/ A[d'- aS;OD;pGm d f G f I A[d'rif; tZwrif; x&mvnf; enf;yifwnf;/ S S 785/ xkrwyg;aoma,m*Donf tpyXruyifvQif ky ESv;oGi;\? ESv;oGi; NyD; blwkytaygif;ukd d S f Hk f Hk f f if; Oyg'gkyftaygif;ukdif; taygif;tpkyI\/ okYd aomfvnf; kyoufoufudk IjrifrQjzifomvQif (r*f[aom) f Hk h l xjcif;onf rjzpfao;? emrfuvnf; Ityfonfomwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh xkyudk tmkH yvsuf jzpfaom a0'emukif; dk d k f d onmukdif; ocFg&ukdif; 0dnmPfukdif; ]]onfum; emrfwnf;}}[k emrfukd\/ xka,m*Donf &Hcg kyudk I d f ok;oyf\? &Hcgemrfuo;oyf\/ odYk oH;oyfaom xda,m*D\ 0dyemonf kyuo;oyfcu t&d,mr*f H kd kH k k f kd kH kd f ESiwuG qufpyfom;\? a,m*Donf kyf aS;OD;pGm I kyfrSxonf rnf\/ hf G
138
tu,f xda,m*D\ 0dyemonf emrfuo;oyfcu t&d,mr*fEiwuG qufpyf oGm;jim;tH?h k kd kH kd f S hf a,m*Donf ky aS;OD;pGm I emrfrxonf rnf\/ emrf aS;OD;pGm I emrfrif; kyrif; x&mvnf; enf; f S S f S yifwnf;/ 786/ ]]trSwrSd wpHwckaom tMuifw&m;onf jzpfjcif; oabmS\? xkw&m; tvH;pHonf csKyfjcif; f k d d k k oabmSd\}}[k odkY aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;NyD;vQif twlyif (r*fjzif) xaom umvrlum cEm ig;yg;wkYd rS kH f h wydieuf xonf rnf\/ f 301 787/ wOD;aom a,m*Donf tpyXru yifvQif ocFg&w&m;wkYd ukd tedp tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oH;oyf\/ odYk aomfvnf; tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oH;oyfrQjzifh omvQif (r*f[aom) xjcif;onf rjzpfao;? k k Hk l 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; oH;oyftyfonfomwnf;/ xdYk aMumifh 'kutjcif;t&m h h k tm;jzifif; tew tjcif;t&mtm;jzifif; oH;oyf\/ odYk usifaom xda,m*Dtm; tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh h h k h k oH;oyfcu (r*f[aom) xjcif;onf jzpf\? a,m*Donf tedp tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; k kd f l kH f tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xonf rnf\/ tu,f xda,m*Dtm; 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzif?h tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oH;oyfcu (r*f[aom) k k kd f l xjcif;onf jzpfjim;th?H a,m*Donf tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; 'ku tjcif;t&mtm;jzif/ kH f h tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xonf rnf\/ 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh tew tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; kH f <uif;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xjcif;wkYd vnf; enf; yifwnf;/ 788/ yk*Kd vfwYdk wif tMuif yk*Kd vfonfvnf; tedp tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv; oGi;cJ\? tMuif G Hk f h yk*Kd vfonfvnf; 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;cJ\? tMuif yk*Kd vfonfvnf; tewtjcif;t&m Hk f h tm;jzifh aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;cJ\? (r*fjzif)xaom umvrlum; tedp tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xjcif;onf jzpfjim;tH?h Hk f h h ok;OD;vk;aom xky*Kd vfwYdk onf t"darmu tjzpfrsm;uke\? vGeuaom od'aÈudk &uke\? tedrw0armujzifh H H d k f f J d f d d vGwajrmufue\? awmwmywr*f cP o'gEkom&D rnfue\? ckepfyg;aom (txufr*fzvcP) t&mXme f k f d k f dk f wkYd o'g0drw rnfue\/ k k f tu,f 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xjcif;onf jzpfjim;tH?h ok;OD;vk;aom xky*Kd vfwYdk onf y'd tjzpf H H d k rsm;uke\? vGeuaom orm"daÈudk &uke\? tyP[w0darmujzifh vGwajrmufue\? tvk;pk(aom r*fzvf f f J f d d f k f H H dk cP SpXme)wkYd um,ournfuef\/ txl;um; 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xaom yk*Kd vfwYdk wif tMuif f d k G yk*Kd vftm; tlypsmef[aom tajccH yg'upsmef S\? xky*Kd vfonf t&[wzvcP Obawmbm*0drwrnf\/ l d d k dk f k okYd r[kwf xko;OD;aom yk*Kd vfwYdk tm; tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh xjcif;onf tu,f jzpfjim;tH?h ok;OD;vk; d Hk H H aom xky*Kd vfwYdkonf ynmtjzpfrsm;uke\? vGeuaom yndaÈudk &uke\? oknw 0darmujzifh vGwajrmuf d k f f J f f uke\? aomwmywdr*fcP "rmEkom&D rnfue\? (tv,fzvf r*f) ajcmufcsuaom XmewkYd 'd|yw f k f dk f d rnfue\? t&[wzvcP ynm0drw rnfue\/ k f dk f k k f 789/ ,cktcg aSUPf aemufPfwYdk EiwuG 0k|me*grdeD 0dyem xifm;ay:ap&ef wq,fh S hf S ESpcaom OyrmwkYd udk odtyfue\/ atmufyg *gxmrSm if;OyrmwkYd \ tusOf;csKyf acgif;pOfwnf; f k k f vif;EdYk a>ra[muf (rD;awmuf) tdr0,f? f EGm; bD;vl;r (vrf;rS) oli,f? qmavmif a&iwf at;vwf ylw,f? tarSmif (zH; aemufq;) tqdyfES,f/ k kH OyrmwkYd ukd b,Pfrp trSwrSd wyg;yg;aom Pf wnf aqmifjyjcif;iSg oifavsmf\/ S f h odYk aomf (0k|me*grde) t&m aqmifjyvduvQif b,Pfrp zdvPf wdiatmif tvH;pHyif xifm;ay: D k f S k f k f k k S \/ xkYd aMumifh t&momvQif aqmifjyoifonf[k (0do'uxm) rdeYf qxm;\/ h k d kd
139
302 vif;EdYk [l&m vif;EdYk waumifonf ]]opfyif yef;jzpfap toD;jzpfap &vdrrnf}} [k ajrmvif hf f h udkif;ig;ckSdaom opfrnf pnfyif em; udi;wckukd oH;oyfp;prf; xdui; ,lavmuf oH;avmufaom wpHwck k f k l k kd f k k aom yef;udif; toD;udif; rawGYrjrifyJ Sowwf? yXrudi;uJoYkd 'kw,udi;udif; wwd,udi;udif; pwkw k k d k f h d k f k k f k udi;udif; yOrudi;udif; oH;oyfp;prf; rawGYrjrifyJ Sowwf/ xkvif;EdYk onf ]]opfyifum; toD;rSpG k f k k f k k l d d d wum; tyif ,lavmuf oH;avmufaom wpHwckaom toD;tyGirQ rS}d }[k qifjcif xdopfyif wG,wm k k hf k f jcif;udk pGeYf vw ajzmifrwfaom acgifui;jzifh wuf opfcufcMG um;jzifh OD;acgif;udk xkwazmf txufoYkd arQmf T f h kd f f Munfvsuf aumif;uif ysHwufom;NyD;vQif tjcm;wyg;aom toD;Saom opfyif em;av\/ h G d xkOyrm vif;EkUd uJoYdk a,m*Dy*Kd vfudk rSwtyf\? uki;ig;ckaom opfrnfpnfyifuoYdk ig;yg;aom d h k f d f dS hJ Oyg'geuEmwkYd udk rSwtyfue\? xkopfyif vif;EkUd \em;jcif;uJoYdk a,m*Dy*Kd vf\ cEmig;yg; ESv;oGi;jcif;ukd f k f d h k Hk f rSwtyf\? xkvif;EdUk \ wckwckaomuki;ukd ok;oyfp;prf; ,lavmuf ok;avmufaom wpkwckurQ rjrifr f d d f H l H H dk l <uif;aom uki;ukd ok;oyfp;prf;jcif;uJoYdk a,m*Dy*Kd vf\ lyuEmukd ok;oyf xkyuEm ,lavmufaom wpkH d f H l h k H d l wckurQ rjrifr <uif;aomcEm ok;oyfjcif;ukd rSwtyf\? xkvif;EkUd \ ]]opfyifonf toD;rSdpGwum;}}[k dk l H f d qifjcif xkopfyif wG,wmjcif;ukd pGeYf vwjf cif;uJoYdk ig;yg;aomcEmwkYd tedpvuPmponfudk jrifonf\ d f T h tpGr;tm;jzifh NiD;aiGUaom a,m*Dy*Kd vf\ pGeYf vwvaom rkOwurswm tpSaom Pfo;yg;ukd rSwtyf\? xkd f k T f dk d k d Hk f vif;EkUd \ ajzmifrwfaom acgifui;jzifh txufoYdk wufjcif;uJoYdk a,m*D\ tEkavmrPfudk rSwtyf\? h dk f h f OD;acgif;ukd xkwazmf txufudk arQmfMunfjh cif;uJoYdk a*gMwbl Pfudk rSwtyf\? aumif;uif ysom;jcif;uJoYdk f h f H G h r*fPfurwtyf\? tjcm;wyg;aom toD;Saom opfyif em;jcif;uJoYdk zkvPfudk rSwtyf\/ dk S f d h d f f 791/ a>ra[mufOyrm ukd y#docFgPf qkcNhJ yD;omvQif jzpf\/ txl;um; OyrmES;aESm &mwGif t&m d D a>rukvwjf cif;uJoYdk a*gMwblPfudk rSwtyf\? vTwNf yD; vmcJ&mvrf;ukd Munfvsuf &yfwnfjcif;uJoYdk d T h f h h I h r*fPfudk rSwtyf\? oGm;NyD; ab;uif;&mt&yf wnfjcif;uJoYdk zkvPfudk rSwtyf\? onfum; txl; f h d f f wnf;/ 792/ tdrf [l&m tdrionf naecsrf; tpmpm;NyD;vQif tdy&mokYd 0if tdyaysmfaevwfaomf tdrudk hf S f f f f rD;avmifowwf? xktrionf Ek;vwfaomf rD;ukjd rif aMumufvefYvsuf ]]rD;tavmifrcH&bJ xGuom;EkivQif d d hf S f d f G d f aumif;avpGwum;}}[k Munfvwfaomf xGuaygufvrf;ukd jrif xGuom;NyD;vQif ab;rJ&mt&yfoYdk vsifaom h I f f G h t[kejf zifh ajy;oGm; wnfaeavowwf/ xkOyrm tpmpm;NyD;vQif tdy&modYk 0if tdri\ tdyaysmfaejcif;uJoYkd d f hf S f f h AmvykxZOf\ cEmig;yg; ]]ig ighOpm}}[k ,ljcif;udrwtyf\/ tdy&mrS Ed;vwfaomf rD;udjk rif aMumufvefYaom k k S f f k umvuJoYdk rSeuefaom tusifukd usifvsuf vuPm oH;yg;udk jrif ab;tm;jzifxifaom b,Pfukd h f h h k h rSwtyf\? xGuaygufvrf;udk MunfjI cif;uJoYkd 303 rOwurswmPfukd rSwtyf\? xGuaygufvrf;udk f f h h d k f f jrifjcif;uJoYdk tEkavmrPfukd rSwtyf\? xGuom;jcif;uJoYdk a*gMwblPfukd rSwtyf\/ vsifaom t[kejf zifh h f f G h f ajy;oGm;jcif;uJoYkd r*fPfukd rSwtyf\/ ab;rJ&m t&yf wnfaejcif;uJoYkd zdvPfukd rSwtyf\/ h f h h k f f 793/ EGm; [l&m nOftzdYk -tdyaysmaepOf v,form; wa,muf\ EGm;wkYd onf NcHukd csKd;azmuf h f f ajy;avukeowwf? xdk v,form;onf rd;aomufcsde xdNk cHoYkd oGm; Munfvwfaomf xdEm;wkYd \ xGuajy; f k f h I k G f onf\ tjzpfuo ajc&mcHvsuf vduvwfaomf rif;\ EGm;wkYd ukd awGYjrifavowwf? xdk rif;\ EGm;wkYd ukd kd d k f ]]igEGm;wdYk }}[k xifrw aqmif,l vmvwfaomf rd;vif;aomtcg ]]EGm;wdYk onf ig\EGm; r[kwue?f rif;\ S f k f k EGm;wdkYwnf;}}[k od ]]oli,fonf cdk;olwnf;}}[k ighudk zrf;,l rif;csif; a,musfm;wkYd onf tusKd;rJysufp; h D atmif ryMuao;rD xGuajy;tH}h }[k aMumufvefYvsuf EGm;wkYd ukd pGeYf ypfxm;cJ vsifaomt[kejf zifh ajy; ab;rJ&m f h h t&yf wnfaeavwowf? xdOyrm rif\ EGm;wkYd ukd ]]ig\ EGm;wdYk }}[k rSw,jl cif;uJoYdk AmvykxZOf\ cEmwkYd ukd k f h k ]]ig ighOpm}}[k rSw,jl cif;udk rSwtyf\/ rdk;vif;aom tcg ]]rif;\EGm;wdYk }}[k odjcif;uJoYkd vuPmoH;yg;\ f f h k tpGr;tm;jzifh cEmwdYk ukd ]]tedp 'ku teww&m;wdYk }} [k a,m*D\ odjcif;udk rSwtyf\? aMumufvefYaom umv f f uJoYdk b,wky|mePfukd rSwtyf\? EGm;wkYd ukd pGeYf vw oGm;vdonf\ tjzpfuoYkd rkOwurswmPfukd h f T f k hJ d k rSwtyf\? EGm;wkYd ukd pGeYf vwjf cif;uJoYdk a*gMwblPfukd rSwtyf\? ajy;jcif;uJoYkd r*fukd rSwtyf\? ajy; f T h f h f ab;rJ&mt&yf wnfaejcif;uJoYkd zdvurwtyf\/ h h k f kd S f 794/ bDv;r [l&m a,musm;wa,mufonf bDv;rESiwuG aygif;oif; aexkijf cif;ukd yowwf? xkd l f l hf d bDv;ronf nOftcsde ]]vlom;onf tdyaysmfavNyD}}[k xif olaoaumif pGeYf &m okomefoYdk om; vlom; l h f f G ukd pm;\? xka,musfm;onf ]]rde;r tb,foYdk oGm;oenf;}}[k tpOfvu pl;prf;vwfaomf vlom;pm;aeonf d f dk f
140
ukjd rif xkbv;r\ vlr[kwonf\ tjzpfudk od ]]ighudk rpm;ao; rDajy;tH}h }[k aMumufvefYvsuf vsifaom d D l f t[kejf zifh ajy; ab;rJ&mt&yf wnfaeavowwf/ xkOyrm bDv;rESiwuG aygif;oif;aexkijf cif;uJoYdk h d l hf d h cEmwkYd udk ]]ig ighOpm}}[k ,ljcif;ukd rSwtyf\? okomef vlom; pm;aeonfudk jrif ]]rde;rum; bDv;rwnf;}} f f l [k odjcif;uJoYdk cEmwkYd \ vuPmok;yg;ukd jrif tedp ponf\tjzpfudk odjcif;ukd rSwtyf\? aMumufvefY h H f aom umvuJoYdk ab;tm;jzifh xifaom b,wky|me Pfudk rSwtyf\? ajy;jcif;iSg tvkonf\ tjzpfuoYdk h f d dS hJ rkOwurswmPfudk rSwtyf\? okomeft&yf ukd pGeYf jcif;uJoYdk a*gMwblPfudk rSwtyf\? vsiaom t[kejf zifh d k f h f f ajy;jcif;uJoYdk r*fudk rSwtyf\? ab;rJh &mt&yf wnfaejcif;uJoYdk zkvudk rSwtyf\/ h f h d f f 795/ oli,f [l&m om; tcspBf uD;aom rde;r wa,mufonf Sowwf? xkd rde;ronf jymom'fxuf f d f xkiaevsufyifvQif vrf;rxJ uav;ikoudk Mum;& ]]ig\om;ukd wpkH wa,mufaomolu ESypufavoavm}} d f d H d f [k xif vsifaom t[kejf zifh oGm;NyD;vQif ]]rdr\om;}}[laom trSwjf zifh olwyg;\ om;ukd aumuf,av d l owwf/ xkd rde;ronf ]]oli,fum; olwyg;\ om;wnf;}} [kod xdwfvefYvsuf xkdrS rS 384 MunfhI f NyD;vQif ]] rde;ronf uav; olc;rwnf;[k ighudk wpkwa,mufaomolonf rpGyprajymqkygapvif}h }[k f dk H f JG d (&nf,um) oli,fudk xkt&yfomvQif csxm;cJ wzefvsifaom t[kejf zifh jymom'foYdk wuf xkuaeav G f d h d f owwf/ xkOyrm ]]rdr\om;}}[laomtrSwjf zifh olwyg;\om;ukd ,ljcif;uJoYdk ]]ig ighOpm}}[k cEmig;yg;ukd d d h ,ljcif;ukd rSwtyf\? ]]oli,fum; olwyg;\ om;wnf;}}[k odjcif;uJoYkd vuPmoH;yg;\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh ]]ig f h k r[kw?f ighOpm r[kw}f }[k odjcif;udk rSwtyf\? xdwvefYjcif;uJoYdk b,wky|mePfukd rSwtyf\? xdrS rS f f h f k MunfjI cif;uJoYkd rkOwurswmPfukd rSwtyf\? xdvrf;romvQif oli,fukd csxm;jcif;uJoYdk tEkavmrPf h h d k f k h udk rSwtyf\? csxm;NyD; vrf;rxJ wnfaom umvuJoYkd a*gMwblPfukd rSwtyf\? jymom'foYkd wufjcif; f h f uJoYdk r*fukd rSwtyf\? wufNyD; xkiaejcif;uJoYkd zdvukd rSwtyf\/ h f d f h k f f 796/ ]]qmavmif a&iwf at;vwf ylv,f? tarSmif (zH; aemufq;) tqdyE,}f } [laom Oyrm k kH f S ajcmufcwYdkuum; 0k|me*grdeD 0dyem wnfaoma,m*D\ avmukw&m w&m;wkYd ukd aS;Iwui;Idif;onf\ k kd G f kd f tjzpfukd jyjcif;iSgqkxm;ay\/ csJYjy&vQif .... qmavmifjcif;jzifh ESypuf (tyf) onfjzpf tvGeqmaom d d f f a,musfm;onf aumif;aom t&omSaom abmZOfukd awmifwouJoYkd xdYk twlyif oHo&m0#fqif;&Jwnf;[laom d h h qmavmifjcif;jzifh ESypuf(tyf)aom a,m*Donf aojcif;uif;onfh trdut&omSaom um,*wm owd d f f d [laom abmZOfukd awmifw\/ h a&iwfaom a,musfm;onf tvGeajcmufuyfaom vnfacsmif; cHwi;Sonfjzpf rsm;pGmaom tpdwf f G f d tydi; taqmuftOD (tqm) Saom azsmfa&udk awmihwouJoYkd xdYk twlyif oHo&m 0#fqif;&J [laom a&iwfjcif; k f d f h jzifh ESypuf (tyf)aom a,m*Donf t*FgSpyg;Saom t&d,mr*fazsmfa&udk awmifw\/ d f f d h tat;jzifh xdyg;ESypuf (tyf)aom yk*Kd vfonf tylukd awmifwouJoYkd xdYk twlyifvQif oHo&m d f h h 0#fqif;&J wPSmtap;wnf;[laom tat;jzifh xdyg;ESypuf (tyf)aom a,m*Donf udavomudk ylavmifap d f wwfaom t&d,mr*fwnf;[laom rD;udk awmifw\/ tyljzifh xdyg;ESypuf (tyf)aom yk*Kd vfonf tat;udk h d f awmifwouJoYkd xdYk twlyifvQif oHo&m0#fqif;&J wq,fwyg;aom rD;tyljzifh ylavmif(tyf)aom a,m*D h h h onf wq,fwyg;aom rD;wkYd \ Nidr;&mjzpfaom edAmefudk awmifw\/ h f h trkuarSmif jzifh zk;vTr;ESypuf(tyf)aom yk*Kd vfonf ta&miftvif;ukd awmifw ouJoYdk xkYd twlyifvQif d f H f d f h h t0dZmwnf;[laom trkuarSmifjzifh ajr;,Suz;vTr;(tyf)aom a,m*Donf Pfta&miftvif;Saom t&d,m d f f Hk f d r*fbm0emukd awmifw\/ h tqdyf jzifxyg;ESypuf (tyf)aom yk*Kd vfonf tqdyuy,fazsmufwwfaom aq;ukd awmifwouJoYdk h d d f f dk h h xkYd twlyifvQif udavomtqdyjf zifh xdyg;ESypuf(tyf)aom a,m*Donf udavom tqdyudk acsazsmufy,fzsuf d f f wwfaom trduaq;jzpfaom edAmefuawmifw\/ f dk h xkYd aMumifh ]]okYd ovsuf okYd jrifaom 305 xka,m*D\pdwonf ok;yg;aom b0wkYd if;/y/ uk;yg; d d f H d aom owm0gowkYd if; wGeYf \ IHU\ jyefepf\ jyefYroGm;? vspfvsLIjcif;onfaomfif; pufqyonftjzpfonf k f h aomfif; aumif;pGm wnf\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh pOf;i,fui;aom y'krmMumzufay:}} okYd tpSonfudk igqkchJ dk f d d ayonf/ qkytvk;pkudk aS; qkxm;aom enf;jzifyifvQif odtyf\/ d Hk H H d h
141
797/ rQ (tm;xkwcaom bm0emtpDt&if)jzifh a,m*Donf pdwudk wGeYf qwatmif yvsuf f hJ f k f usiaom ywdvep&yk*K vf rnfay\/ ,if; ywdvep&yk*Kd vfudk &nf atmufyg*gxmukd a[mawmfr\hf D d D l ]]tMuif&[ef;onf (qdwNf idraom ae&mokYd csOf;uyfvsuf pdwudk wGeYf qwatmif yvsuf f f k f usifhonfjzpf) rdr\ uk,[aom twabmudk oH;yg;aom b0 (wzefjzpfaomtm;jzif) d d f l k h rjy&m? qdwNf idraom ae&mudk csO;uyf rS0vsuf (xdxkd tmkrS pdwu) wGeYf qwatmif f f D J k H f kd k f yvsuf usiaom xk&[ef;\ xdoYkd wzef jzpfaomtm;jzifh rjyjcif;udk oifavsmayonf[k hf d k h f rdeYf que\}}/ kd k f qdconftwdi; ocFgkayumPfonf a,m*D\ ywdve p&yk*Kd vf\ tjzpfukd ude;aoowfrwf k hJ h k f D f S NyD;vQif xdYk jyif t&d,mr*f\vnf; aAmZiftxl; r*itxl; psmeiftxl; y#dy'gtxl 0darmutxl;udk ude;ao f f owfrw\? csJYjy&vQif ..... tcsKdYrax&fwYdk onf ]]aAmZif r*if psmeifwYdk \ txl;udk yg'upsmefu ude;ao S f f owfrwonf}}[kque\? tcsKdYrax&fwYkd onf}} 0dyem\ tmkHjzpfueaom cEmwkYd u ude;aoowfrwf S f kd k f k f f S Muonf}}[k qdue\/ tcsKdYrax&fwYdk onf ]]yk*Kd vf\ tvdk tZmo,u ude;aoowfrwonf}}[k qdue\/ k k f f S f k k f xdo;yg;vH; aom rax&fwYdk \ 0g'wkYd ykAbm*0dyemu ude;aoowfrwonfom[k odtyf\/ k kH k f S f 798/ xd(odYk owfrw&m) qdvwHonfum; tpOftwdi; jyqdcsufwnf; .... oku0yu yk*Kd vf k S f k h k f k d tm; jzpfay:vmaom r*fonfif; psmeformywf&aom yk*Kd vftm; psmefukd tajccHryrl jzpfay:aom r*fonfif; yXrpsmefukd tajccHy yd;>yrf;aom (yudPu) ocFg&wkYd ukd oH;oyf jzpfap(tyf)aom r*fonfif; 0dyem k [laom ude;ao owfrwaMumif; ed,rjzifh yXrpsmefEihf ,SOueonf omvQif jzpfue\/ tvk;pkaom r*fwYdk f S f S f k f k f H H aAmZifcepfyg; r*ipyg;psmeif ig;yg;wkYd jzpfue\/ rSeay\? xkr*fwYdk \ aS;tzkYd jzpfaom 0dyemonf k f S f k f f d aomreo[*kwonfif;? Oayum o[*kwonfif; jzpfc (r*fjzif) xaomumv ocFgkayum tjzpfoYdk f f hJ h a&mufvwfaomf aomreo[*kwomvQif jzpf\/ f yOuenf; 'kw,psmef wwd,psmef pwkwpsmefwYdkudk tajccHy jzpfap(tyf)aom r*fwYdk psmefonf d tpOftwkdif; t*Fgav;yg;Sdonfif;? t*FgokH;yg; Sdonfif;? t*FgESpfyg; Sdonfif; jzpf\/ tvk;pkaomr*fwYdk H H ckepfyg;aomr*iwYdk jzpfue\/ pwkwpsmefr*f ajcmufyg;aom aAmZifwYdk jzpfue\/ txl;onf yg'upsmef f k f k f [laom ude;ao owfrwaMumif; ed,rjzifif;? 0dyem[laom ude;ao owfrwaMumif; ed,rjzifif; jzpfay f S f h f S f h onf/ rSeay\? xkr*fwYdk \ aS;tzkYd jzpfaom 0dyemonfvnf; aomreo[*kwonfif;? Oayumo[*kwf f d f onfif; jzpf\? 0k|me*grdeD 0dyemonfum; aomreo[*kwf onfomvQif jzpf\/ 306 yOrpsmefudk tajccHy jzpfap(tyf)aom r*fum; OayumESihf {u*wm\tpGr;tm;jzifh psmeif f ESpyg; aAmZifajcmufyg; r*icepfyg;wkYd jzpfue\/ txl;onfvnf; ed,rESpyg;vk;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpf\/ f f k k f f H f rSeay\? enf; aS;tzkYd jzpfaom 0dyemonf aomreo[*kwaomfif;? Oayumo[*kwaomfif; jzpf\? f f f 0k|me*grdeD 0dyemonfum; Oayumo[*kwf omvQif jzpf\/ tly psmefwYdk udk tajccHy jzpfap(tyf)aom r*fvnf; enf;yifwnf;? okYd vQif yg'upsmefrx trSwf rSwpkwckaom ocFg&wkYd udk ok;oyf jzpfap S d H H (tyf)aom r*ftm; eD;aomt&yfxcJaom ormywfu rdrEiwonf\ tjzpfukd y\? tb,fuoYkd enf; [lr h d S hf l hJ l ajr\ tqif;u zGw\ tqif;tm; rdrEihf wlonf\tjzpfukd youJoYkdwnf;/ f d S h 799/ 'kw,rax&f\ 0g'um; tMuif tMuiformywfrS xNyD;vQif tMuiftMuif ormywf w&m;wkYd ukd d oH;oyf r*fujkd zpfapjim;tH?h xdr*fonf xdxkd oH;oyf(tyf)aom psmefEihf wlonfomvQif jzpf\? xdrax&f\ k k k k S k 0g'vnf; 0dyemjzifh ude;aoowfrwjf cif;udk qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifomvQif odtyf\/ f S k h 800/ wwd, rax&f\ 0g'um; rdrd rdr\ tvdtZmo, tm;avsmfpm tMuiftMuif psmefukd tajccHy d k G NyD;vQif tMuiftMuif psmefw&m;wkYd ukd oH;oyf r*fujkd zpfapjim;th?H xdr*fonf xdxkd tvdtyfaom psmefEiwl k k k k dS S hf onfomvQif jzpf\/ odYk aomf tajccHyg'upsmefEiaomfif; oH;oyfaom orowpsmefEiaomfif; uif; tvdk S hf k d S hf tZmo,rQjzifomvQif xdtvdaom psmefEihf wlonf\ tjzpfonf rNyD;pD;ay/ xdtvdtZmo, tm;avsmfpm h k k dS S k k G jzpfonf[aom teufukd eEaum0g' okwjf zifh jytyf\/ rax&f\ 0g'vnf; 0dyemjzifh ude;ao k f owfrwjf cif;udk qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifh omvQif odtyf\/ okYd vQif ocFgkayumu aAmZif r*ipsmeifwYdk ukd S k f ude;aoowfrwonf[k odtyf\/ f S f
142
801/ xdkrSwyg; tu,f (ocFgkayum)onf tpydi; udavomwdYk ukd y,fcgonf Saomf qif;&J k f G d yifyef;pGm vHYk vESiwuG jzpfvsuf tm;xkwrEihf wuGjzpfvsuf y,fcgjcif;iSg pGr;EdicjhJ im;th?H ('kuy#dy'g) cJ,Of; hf f I S G f k f aom tusifrnf\/ (xkr) jyefaomtm;jzifh (okcy#dy'g) vG,uaom tusifrnf\/ xkrwyg; udavomwkYd udk h d S f l h d S y,fcgNyD;vQif 0dyem[laom y&d0gofaom r*f\ jzpfay:jcif;ukd jznf;jznf;yonfaomf ('Embdnm) aES;aom G dS dS tbdnmrnf\/ (xkr) jyefaomtm;jzifh (cdygbdnm)vsifaom tbdnmrnf\/ okdYvQif ocFgkayumonf d S (r*f\) vmcJ&mtaMumif;\t&m wnf rdrEiqiaom r*ftm; trnfudk ay;\/ xkYd aMumifh r*fonf av;yg; h d S hf dk f aom trnfwkdYukd &\/ 307 xkoYkd oabmSaom (a&mufaMumif;tusifh jzpfaom) y#dy'gonf tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; toD; d d toD; uGjJ ym;\? tcsKdYaom &[ef;tm; r*fav;yg;vH;wkYd vnf; ruGrjym; wyg;wnf; omvQif jzpf\/ jrwfpm k J G bk&m; wkYd rmrlum; r*fav;yg;vH;yif okcy#dy'g-csrf;omaom tusifue cdygbdnm-vsifaom tbdnmSuef S k h dS k f d k onfomvQif jzpfavuke\/ tSiom&dyMk wmrSmvnf; xdYk twlyifwnf;/ tSir[marm*vmefrmrlum; yXrr*f f f f S onf okcy#dy'g-vG,fulaom tusifhSd cdygbdnm-vsifaom tbdnmS\/ txuf r*fo;yg;wkYd onf 'ku d kH y#dy'g-cJ,Of;aom tusifue cdygbdnm-vsifaom tbdnm Sue\/ y#dy'guJoYkd yif xdYk twl t"dywd h dS k f d k f h wkYd onfvnf; tcsKdYaom &[ef;rSm av;yg;aom r*fwYkd toD;toD; uGjJ ym;uke\? tcsKdYaom &[ef;rSm r*fav;yg; f wkYd ruGrjym; wyg;wnf;om jzpf\/ odYk vQif ocFgkayumonf y#dy'gtxlukd ude;ao owfrw\/ xdkrS J f S f wyg; 0darmu txl;udk ude;ao owfrwyrm aS; qdcNhJ yD;omvQif jzpf\/ f S f kH S k 802/ wenf;tm;jzifh r*frnfonfum; rdr\ oabm (o&o) tm;jzifif; qefYusifbuf tm;jzifif; d h h rdr\ *kPtm;jzifif; tmktm;jzifif; vmcJ&mtaMumif; (tm*k) tm;jzifif;-okYd ig;yg;aom taMumif;wkYd jzifh d f h H h h H h trnfu&\/ csJU jy&vQif-ocFgkayumonf ocFg&wkYd udk tedp tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ok;oyf xjim;tH?h dk H tedrw0armujzifh vGwajrmuf\/ 'kutjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ok;oyf xjim;tH?h tyP[w0darmujzifh d d f H d d vGwajrmuf\/ tewtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ok;oyf xjim;tH?h oknw0darmujzifh vGwajrmuf\/ onfum; f H f (edrwf ponf uif;aom) rdr\oabmtm;jzifh &aomtrnfwnf;/ d d xkrwyg; r*fonftedpmEkyemjzifh ocFg&wkYd \ CeynwftpkitcJudk zsufc NrJonfy[ef-edp d S d f JG h Hk edrwf ckiconfh yk[ef-"k0edrwf tNrJwef; wnfonfy[ef-owedrwwYdk udk y,fpeYf vmcJ\? xkYd aMumifh d d f hH H d dS h Hk d f G h tedrw rnf\/ 'kumEkyemjzifh okconmukd y,fcg pdwnwxm;jcif; awmifwjcif;ukd ajcmufaoGUap d G f G f h vmcJaomaMumifh tyPd[dw rnf\/ tewmEkyemjzifh twaumif[aom trSwf ow0g[laom trSwf h l yk*Kd vf[aom trSwonmukd y,fpeYf ocFg&wkYd udk qdwoO;aomtm;jzifh jrifaomaMumifh oknw rnf\/ l f G f k f onfum; (edrwponfwYdk\) qefYusibuftm;jzifh &aomtrnfwnf;/ d f f xkrwyg; r*fonf &m*ponfwYdk rS qdwoO;aomaMumifh oknw rnf\/ lyedrwponfwYdk \if; d S f k f d f &m*edrwponfwYdk\if; rSjd cif;aMumifh tedrw rnf\/ &m*yPd"d ponfwYdk \ rSjd cif;aMumifh tyPd[dw d f d rnf\/ onfum; rdr\ *kPtm;jzifh &aom trnfwnf;/ d f xkoYdk oabmSaom r*fonf qdwvnf; qdwoO;aom edrwvnf; uif;aom awmifwrIvnf; d d f f k f d f h uif;aom edAmefukd tmkH ywwf\? xkYd aMumifvnf; if;r*fukd oknw [lif; tedrw [lif; tyPd[dw h d [lif; ac:qdktyf\/ onfum; xdr*f\ tmktm;jzifh &aom trnfwnf;/ k H 803/ xkrwyg; vmcJ&m taMumif; (tm*H)onf 0dyem[laom vmcJ&m taMumif; r*f [laom vmcJ&m d S h k h h taMumif;[l ESpyg; tjym;Sd\/ xkEpyg;wdYk wif r*f 0dyem[laom vmcJ&mtaMumif;ud&\/ zdvr*f[aom f d S f G h k k f l vmcJ&mtaMumif;udk &\/ &yHum; .... tewmEkyemonf oknw0dyem rnf\? oknw0dyem\ h k r*fonf oknwr*f rnf\/ (oknwr*f\ zdvonf oknwzdvf rnf\/) tedpEyemonf tedrw k f k k d 0dyemrnf\/ 308 tedrdw0dyem\ r*fonf tedrwr*f rnf\/ tedrw [laom trnfuum; d d kd tbd"rmenf;tm;jzifh r&tyfay/ okweenf; tm;jzifh omvQif &tyfay\/ rSefay\? xdowe a*gMwblPf f k k f onf edrwuif;aom edAmefukd tmkH yaomaMumifh tedrw trnfonfjzpf rdru r*f\vmcJ&m taMumif;\ d f d dS d h t&m wnf r*ftm; (tedrw [laom) trnfukd ay;\[k qdue\/ xdYk aMumifh r*fukd tedrw[k qdtyf\/ d k k f d k ]]r*f[aom vmcJ&mtaMumif;tm;jzifh zdvonf tedrw rnf\}} [laom teufonfum; oifonfomvQifwnf;/ l h k f d h 'kumEkyemonf ocFg&wkYd wyfrufrI wPSmudk ajcmufap vmaomaMumifh tyP[w0dyem\ r*fonf d d
143
tyP[wr*f rnf\/ tyPd[dwr*f\zkvonf tyP[wzkvrnf\/ okYd vQif 0dyemonf rdr\ d d d f d d d f d trnfudk r*ftm; ay;\? r*fonf zkvtm;ay;\/ onfum; vmcJ&mtaMumif; (tm*k)tm;jzifh &aom trnf d f h H wnf;/ okYd vQif ocFgkayumonf 0darmuw&m;ukd ude;aoowfrw\/ f S f
ocFgkayumPf NyD;\/ tEkavmrPfukd jyqkdcsuf

804/ xkocFgkayumPfur0vsuf yGg;apvsuf tBudrrsm;pGmyaom xka,m*Dtm; ,kMH unf qk;jzwfrd dk DS J f d H I t"darmu o'gonf tm;BuD;pGmjzpf\/ aumif;pGm cs;ajrmufaxmufyhH tyfaom (xuf oefaom)0D&,onf jzpf\/ D d owdonf aumif;pGmxif\/ pdwonf aumif;pGm wnfMunf\/ txl;ojzifh xufjrufaom ocFgkayumonf f jzpf\/ xka,m*Dtm; ]],cktcg r*fjzpfvwHh}}[k qkdoifhaom cP- ocFgkayuonf ocFg&wkYd udk tedp-rNrJ[ d l aomfif;? 'kuqif;&J[ aomfif;? tew-twr[kw-tw rSd-oabmw&m;rQ[laomfif; ok;oyfNyD;vQif l f H b0ifoYdk ouf\/ b0if\ tjcm;rJ ocFgkayumu yaom (Iaom)enf;jzifomvQif ocFg&wkYd udk tedp[aomfif;? 'ku h h l [laomfif;? tew[aomfif; tmkH yvsuf raem'Gg&m0Ze;onf jzpfay:\/ xdrS aemuf b0ifukd epfap l f k jzpfaom xdk raem'Gg&m0Ze;pdw\ tjcm;rJ tjcm; tjywfrSaom pdwtpOfukd qufpyfapvsuf xdk (ocFg f f h d f kayum) twlyifvQif ocFg&wkYd ukd tmkH yvsuf yXraZmpdwonf jzpfay:\/ ,if; yXraZmpdwukd y&duH [l f f ac:qdktyf\/ xdyXraZm\ tjcm;rJ xdYk twlyifvQif ocFg&wkYd ukd tmkH yvsuf 'kw,aZmpdwonf jzpfay:\? k h d f ,if; 'kw,aZmpdwukd Oypm&-Oypm [l ac:qdktyf\/ xdk 'kw,aZmpdw\ tjcm;rJh vnf; xdYk twlyifvQif d f d f ocFg&wkYd ukd tmkH yvsuf wwd, aZmpdwonf jzpfay:\? ,if;wwd, aZmpdwukd tEkavmr- tEkv[k ac:qdk f f kH tyf\/ trnf oH;ckonfum; xdaZmoH;ckwYdk \ toD;toD; trnfaywnf;/ k k k omrntm;jzifrum; aZmoH;ckv;udk tmao0eaZm [lif; y&duaZm [lif;? OypmaZm [lif;? h l k kH H tEkvaZm [lif; ac:qd&efoifay\/ tb,ftm;avsmfoenf; [lrum; aS;tzdYk aemuftzdYk jzpfaom w&m;tzkYd kH k h l tpkwYdk tm; avsmfay\/ rSeay\? xktEkavmrPfonf aS;jzpfueaom (O',A,Pf tpSueaom) f d k f d k f Spfyg;aom 0dyemPfwkdY\ rSeaomudponf\ tjzpftm;avsmf\? txuf(r*f) (yg0ifaom) ok;q,fcepf f dS H h k yg;aom aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd (\ rSeaomudponf\ tjzpf)tm;vnf; avsmf\/ d f dS avsmfykHum; .... xkdtEkavmrPfonf tedpvuPm ponf\tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFg&w&m;wkYd udk 309 f tmkHy jzpfaomaMumifh ]]O',A,Pfonf jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;Saom kyemrfw&m;wkYd \omvQif jzpfjcif; d f ysufjcif;ukd IjrifcaypGwum;}}[lif; ]]b*FgEkyemPfonf ysufjcif;Saom kyemrfw&m;wkYd \omvQif hJ d f ysufjcif;ukd IjrifcaypGwum;}}[lif; ]]aMumufz,ab;Saom ocFg&w&m;taygif;onfomvQif b,wky|me hJ G f d Pftm; aMumufz,ab;taetm;jzifh xifcaypGwum;}} [lif; ]]tm'De0gEkyemPfonf tjypfaom G f hJ dS ocFg&w&m; taygif;omvQif tjypfukd jrifcaypGwum;}} [lif; ]]edA'gPfonf NiD;aiGYoifh NiD;aiGYxuaom hJ d kd f ocFg&w&m; taygif;omvQif NiD;aiGYchJ aypGwum;}} [lif; ]]rkOwurswmPfonf pGeYf vwoifaom ocFg& d k T f h w&m;taygif;wkYd omvQif pGeYf vwvonf jzpfcaypGwum;}} [lif; ]]y#docFgPfjzifh wzefooifaom ocFg& T f kd hJ I d h w&m; taygif;udomvQif wzef IocaypGwum;}} [lif; ]]ocFgkayumPfjzifh vspfvsLIoifaom ocFg&w&m; k d hJ h taygif;udomvQif vspfvsLIcaypGwum;}} [lif; rqdaomfvnf; usa&mufaom teufoabmtm;jzifh qdbd k hJ k k ouJhodkY PfSpfyg;wkdY\ rSeaom udponf\ tjzpftm;vnf; avsmf\? txuf (r*f) (yg0ifaom) f dS oHk;q,fckepfyg;aom aAm"dyud,w&m;wkdY ( rSefaom udpSdonf\ tjzpf) tm;vnf; avsmf\? (tb,faMumifh \ h enf;[lr) xdk tEkavmrPf [laom tusifjh zifomvsif (r*f yg0ifaom aAm"dyu, w&m;wkYd u) a&muftyfl h d kd a&mufEiaomaMumifh aywnf;/ kd f Oyrmtm;jzifh .... w&m;apmifaom bk&ifrif;jrwfonf w&m;qH;jzwf&mXme xdiaevsuf w&m;qH;jzwf h k k f k aom trwfBuD; 0efBuD;wkYd \ tqH;tjzwfukd Mum;emNyD;vQif t*wdvujf cif;udk y,f tv,ftvwf wnfrwf k kd h nDrQaom oabmSonfjzpf ]]twdi;yifjzpfap}}[k 0rf;ajrmufMunfjzL oabmwlonfaomf xdw&m; qH;jzwf d k f dS k k aom trwfBuD; 0efBuD;wkYd \ tqH;tjzwftm;vnf; avsmf\? aS;a[mif;jzpfaom rif;usifw&m;tm;vnf;avsmf\/ k h
144
tEkavmrPf\ avsmfyukd Oyrmtwlyif NyD;pD;onf[k odtyf\? NyD;pD;yHum; .... bk&ifrif;jrwfuoYkd kH k hJ tEkavmrPfukd rSwtyf\? Spa,mufaom w&m;qH;jzwfaom trwfBuD; 0efBuD;wkYd uoYdk Spyg;aom Pf f f k hJ f wkYd ukd rSetyfue\? aS;a[mif; jzpfaom rif;usifw&m;uJoYkd 37-yg;aom aAm"dyud, w&m;wkYd udk rSwtyf f k f h h f uke\/ xkOyrm ]]twki;yif jzpfap}}[kqaom bk&ifrif;jrwfonf w&m; qk;jzwfaom trwfBuD; 0efBuD;wkYd \ f d d f dk H tqk;tjzwftm;if; rif;usifw&m;tm;if; avsmfouJoYdk xkYd twlyif edp ponfwYdk \tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFg&wkYd udk H h h f tmkH yvsuf jzpfay:aom tEkavmrPfonf Spyg;aom PfwYdk \ rSeaomudponf\tjzpftm;vnf; f f dS avsmf\? txuft&d,mr*f (yg0ifaom) 37-yg;aom aAm"dyud, w&m;wkYd (\ rSeaom udponf\tjzpf) f dS tm;vnf; avsmf\/ xkYd aMumifyifvQif (if;uk)opmEkavmrdu (r*opmtm; avsmfaom)Pf[ qktyfay\/ h d l d
tEkavmrPf NyD;\/ 0k|me*grdeD0dyemPfukd jyqkdcsuf

805/ tEkavmr Pfonfum; ocFg&vQif tmkaom 0k|me*grdeD 0dyem\ tqk;pGef jzpfay\/ H dS H cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifrum; a*gMwblPfonf 0k|me*grdeD 0dyem\ tqk;pGef jzpfay\/ ,cktcg d f h l H xk0|me*grde0yemyifvQif rawGra0odem;vnfjcif; tusKd;iSg qkvwHaom okweE;aESmcsufuotyf\d k D d d h f DS dk d 310 ESD;aESmyHkum; .... 0k|me*grdeD0yemudk oVm,we 0db*Fow-]]&[ef;wkYd (xdocFg&wkYd jzifh d k f k NyD;aom wPSm\ qefYusibuf jzpfaomaMumif) twr,wm rnfaom 0k|me*grdeD 0dyemudk trSD y 2 f h twr,wm rnfaom 0k|me*grde0yemudk a&muf (tlypsmefEihf ,SOaom a0'emESihf tlypsmefukd Iaom D d S f 0dyemPf[k qdtyfaom) tMuif Oayumonf wrsKd;wnf; oabmS\/ wrsKd;wnf;oabmSdaom tmkHudk k d rS\? xdOayumudk y,fueavmh? xdOayumudk ausmfvef ukeavmh}}[k twr,wm [laom trnfjzifh a[mawmf D k k f k G f rl (tyf)\/ tv*'owe-]]NiD;aiGYonfaomf wyfrufuif;\ wyfrufuif;jcif;aMumifh vGwajrmuf\}}[k odkY k f dS f edA'g- NiD;aiGY [laom trnfjzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d okorokwe ]]okor &[ef;? w&m;wkYd \ wnfaMumif; y#dporkyg'f odaom "r|wPfonf aS; D f D d d jzpf\? edAmef Pfonf aemufrjS zpf\}}[k odkY "r|wPf [laom trnfjzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ d d ayg|yg'okwe-]]ayg|yg'y&dAZ?f onmonf aS;OD;pGmjzpf\/ Pfonf aemufrjS zpf\}}[k odkY f kd on*-tjrwfq;onm [laom trnfjzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ kH 'okw&okwef ]]y#dy'gP'e0dok'd-r*fa&mufaMumif;tusifPftjrif pifMu,fjcif; [laom yg&d h ok'y"med,*F-xuf0ef;usif pifMu,fjcif;\ jy"mef;aom taMumif;t*Fg}}[k okYd yg&do'd y"med,*F-xuf0ef; d k usif pifMu,fjcif;\ jy"mef;aom taMumif;t*Fg[laom trnfjzifh a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ l y#dor'gr*f -]]rkOwurswmPf y#docFgEkyem ocFgkayumPf [laom Pfw&m;wkYd onf d d k teufw&m;uk,f t&wlue\? trnf o'grQomvQif xl;\}}[k okYd ok;yg;aom trnfwYdk jzifh a[mawmfr(tyf) d k f H l \/ y|mef;-]]tEkvonf a*gMwbltm; tEkvonf a0g'geftm; (aus;Zl;y\)}}[k okdY okH;yg;aom trnf kH Hk wkYd jzifh a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ l &x0dewokwe- ]]ighi?f tokYd enf;? y#dy'gP'e0do'tusKd;iSg bke;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpmbk&m; D f S k d f G xH jrwfaom tusifudk usifo;oavm}}[k okYd y#dy'gP'e0do'[aom trnfjzifh a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ h h Hk k d l l
145
okYd jyqkconfh twki; wyg;ru rsm;vSaom trnfwYdk jzifh udavomukd Nidr;apwwfaom d hJ d f f xuf0ef;usif pifMu,faom tMuif 0k|me*grdeD 0dyemukd jrwfaom *kPaus;Zl;ukd f SmawmfrNl yD;aom jrwfpmbk&m;onf a[mMum; cs;usL;awmfrl (tyf)\/ BuD;pGmaom G D aMumufz,f ab;Saom oHo&mqif;&J [laom TerS xajrmuf ausmfvejf cif;iSg tvdaom G d f G k dS ynmSd oabmSaom trsKd;aumif;om;onf xdk 0ka|me*grdeD 0dyem tNrJrjywf tm;xkwf d jcif;udk y&mawmhownf;/ onfum; olawmfaumif;wkYd \ ESporhf 0rf;ajrmufjcif; tusK;iSg pD&ifaom 0do'r*fusr;0,f ynm f d d k d f bm0emt&m y#dy'gP'e 0do'ukd tus,fjycsuf (y#dy'gP'e 0do'ea'o) rnfaom ESpq,fwck k d k d d f h ajrmufjzpfaom tydi;tcPf;aywnf;/ k f
y#dy'gP'e0dok'd tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
146
22-P'e0do'udk tus,jf yqkcsuf k d d

yXrr*fPfukd jyqkdcsuf
312 806/ (tEkv)rS aemuf a*gMwblPf jzpfay:\? xka*gMwblPfonf r*f\ tm0Ze;t&m Hk d f wnfaomaMumifh y#dy'gP'e 0do'oYdk vnf;r0if? P'e 0do'oYdk vnf;r0if? (xk0o'Epyg;wkYd \) k d k d d d k d S f tMum; 0do'[k rac:a0:avmufaom PfomvQif jzpfay\/ okdYaomfvnf; 0dyemt,Of usaomaMumifh k d 0dyem[k a&wGujf cif;okYd a&muf\/ aomwmywdr*f ou'g*grdr*f tem*grdr*f t&[wr*f [laom av;yg;aom r*fwYdk Pfonf P'e0do'd (Pftjrif\ pifMu,fjcif;-pifMu,faom Pftjrif)rnf\/ k xkwif yXrr*fPfudk jynfpapjcif;iSg tvkaom a,m*Drm tjcm;wyg;aom yzG,uprnfonf wpkH d G h Hk d dS S f d wckrQ rSawmhNyD? rSeay\? a,m*Donf tEkavmrPftqk;Saom 0dyemPfudk jzpfapvsuf yzG,up d f H d f d [lorQudk yNyD;onfomvQijf zpfay\/ qkconftwki; jzpfNyD;aom tEkavmrPfaom a,m*D\pdwonf d hJ h d f dS f xkjd ycJNh yD;aom tEkavmrPf ok;yg;wkYd jzifvnf; rdr\tpGr;tmEkabmftm;avsmfpm opmudk zH;vTr;wwfaom H h d f G k f keYf &if;keYf &if;aom udavomtarSmifukd uG,aysmufapNyD;vwfaomf tvH;pHaom ocFg&w&m;taygif; rajy;oGm; f k k rwnfwhH ESv;roGi; ruyfrNidrwG,?f y'krmMumzufrS a&uJoYdk wGeYf \ IHY\ jyefepf\? tvH;pHaom ocFg&edrwf kH f h k k d tmkHonfif; tvH;pHaom (tZwoEmef) rjywfjzpfaom cEmt,Of tmkHonfif; taESmift,Suf yvdaAm" k k h taetm;jzifh xifay:\/ xdtcg xda,m*Dtm; tvH;pHaom ocFg&edrwtmkEihf cEmt,Oftmkonf taESmifh k k k k d f H S H tSuf yvdaAm"taetm;jzifh xifvwfaomf tEkavmrPf rS0onf\ tqH; ocFg&edrwrSaom rjywfjzpfae D J k d f d onfh cEmt,OfrSaom ocFg&uif;aom ocFg&csKyf&mjzpfaom edAmefukd tmkH yvsuf ykxZOftEG,f ykxZOf d k k [laom trnfa0g[m& ykxZOf\ bHtqifuausmfvevsuf t&d,mtEG,f t&d,m[laom trnfa0g[m& k k h kd G f t&d,m\ bHtqifoYkd qdua&mufvsuf edAmeftmk aS;OD;pGmvnfjcif; aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;jcif; aS;OD;pGm qifjcif k h k f H kH f jcif; oabmjzpfaom acgifxyoYkd a&mufaom 0dyem\ OD;acgif;ozG,f jzpfaom wzefjyefvnfjcif; rSaom d f d a*gMwblPfonf t&d,mr*ftm; teE&owd oreE&owd tmao0eowd Oyed,owd ewowd 0d*w d owwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh aus;Zl;yonf\ tjzpfukd NyD;apvsuf jzpfay:\/ ,if; d f a*gMwblPfukd &nf y#dor'gr*f atmufyg pum;udk a[mawmfr\ d l tb,foYkd vQif tjyify (ocFg&)rS xjcif; jyefvnfjcif; NyD;pD;vwfaomf jzpfaom ynm onf a*gMwblPfrnfoenf; aS;OD;pGm jzpfay:jcif;ukd vTr;rk;ausmfvewwfaomaMumifh f d G f a*gMwblrnf\/ jzpfyg;jcif;uk/y/ jyif;pGmylyefjcif;ukd vTr;rk;ausmfvef wwfaomaMumifh G d f d G a*gMwblrnf\/ tjyifyjzpfaom ocFg&edrwudk vTr;rk;ausmfvef wwfaomaMumifh a*gMwbl d f f d G rnf\/ rjzpfay:jcif;okYd ajy;0ifwwfaomaMumifh a*gMwblrnf\/ rjzpfyg;jcif;okYd / y/ jyif;pGm G rylyefjcif;okYd / ocFg&csKyf&m edAmefoYdk 313 ajy;0if wwfaomaMumifh a*gMwblrnf\/ jzpf ay:jcif;ukd vTr;rk;ausmfve rjzpfay:jcif;okYd ajy;0ifwwfaomaMumifh a*gMwblrnf\/okdY f d G f ponfjzifh tvk;pkudk csJU odtyf\/ H H 807/ xkpum;&yf qkvwHonfum; wckwnf;aom tm0Ze;jzifh (jzpfaom) wckwnf;aom pdwtpOf d d h f f (0Dx) wqufwnf; jzpfueaomfvnf; (xkoYdk jzpfMuaom) tEkavmrPfEihf a*gMwbl PfwYdk \ toD;toD; d k f d S aom tmk jzpfytjcif;t&mukd jyaom Oyrmwnf; .... BuD;aom a&ajrmif;ukd ckeausmf wzufurf; wnfjcif;iSg H Hk f tvkaom a,musfm;onf vsifaomt[kejf zifh ajy;oGm;NyD;vQif a&ajrmif;\ zufurf; (Saom) opfyif\ d dS d uki; zGUJ csnf wGvsm;csxm;aom ud;ukjd zpfap 'kwacsmif;ukjd zpfap qGui ckevm;NyD;vQif wzufurf;qDoYdk d f J f J dk f f T nTwui;Ii;aom uk,onfjzpf wzufurf;\ txuftzkYd oYdk a&mufvwfaomf qGuixm;aom xkd ud; xk'wf f dk f d f d f dS J dk f d k acsmif;ukd vTwvu wkevyvsuf wzufurf; usNyD;vQif jznf;jznf; wnfwom;avouJoYdk xkYd twlyifvQif f dk f f I f hH G h a,m*Donfvnf; b0oH;yg; a,medav;yg; *wdig;yg; 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg; owm0goud;yg;wdYk \ wzufurf; k k jzpfaom edAmef wnfjcif;iSg tvdonfjzpf O',A,Pf tpSaom vsifaomt[kwjf zifh ajy;oGm;NyD;vQif k dS d twabmwnf;[laom opfyif\udi; zGYJ csnf wGvsm;csxm; (ouJoYkd )aom kywnf;[laom ud;udjk zpfap k f J h f a0'em ponfwYdkwif wyg;yg;aom emrfcEmwnf;[laom 'kwacsmif;udk jzpfap tedp [laomfif; 'ku[l G f
147
aomfif; tew[l aomfif; tEkavmrPf\ tm0Ze;jzifh qGuiNf yD;vQif xdquityfaom tmkukd rvTwr f J kd k JG kd f H f l omvQif yXrtEkvpwjf zifh ckevm; 'kw,tEkvkH pdwjf zifh wzufurf;qDoYkd Twui;Ii;aom ud,aom xdk kH d f G d f kd f d f k f dS a,musfm;uJoYkd edAmefoYkd Twui;Ii;aom pdwonfjzpf wwd,tEkvpwjf zifh wzufurf;\ txuftzdYk oYkd h f kd f d f f dS kH d a&mufaom xda,musm;uJoYkd ,ckyifa&muf vwHaom edAmefEihf eD;onfjzpf xdwwd,tEkvpw\ csKyfjcif;jzifh k f h h S k kH d f xdkocFg&tmkHudk pGeYf vwNf yD;vQif ocFg&uif; wzufurf;jzpfaom edAmef a*gMwblpwjf zifh usoGm;\/ odkYaomf T d vnf; wlaom tmk tmao0eypn;udk r&aomaMumifh wkevyaeaom xda,musm;uJoYkdyif aumif;pGm wnfwhH H f f I f k f h onfum; rjzpfao;? xdk a*gMwblrS aemuf r*fPfjzifh wnfwom;av\/ hH G 808/ xdtEkavmrPf a*gMwblPf ESpyg;wdYk wif tEkavmrPfonf opmudk zH;vTr;wwfaom k f G k f udavom trduarSmifukd y,fazsmufjcif;iSg pGr;Edi\? edAmefukd tmkH yjcif;iSgum; rpGr;Edi/ a*gMwblPfonf k f f k f f k f edAmefudk tmkH yjcif;iSgomvQif pGr;Eki\? opmukd zk;vTr;wwfaom udavomtrkuarSmifudk y,fazsmufjcif;iSg f d f H f d f um;rpGr;Eki/ xkoYdk pr;Ekif rpGr;Eki&m qkvwHonfum; Oyrmwnf; .... rsufpjd rifaom a,musfm; f d f d G f d f d f d h wa,mufonf euwEihf v t,SOudk odatmifMunft[k BuH nOftzkYd tjyifoYdk xGu vukMd unfjh cif;iSg f S f h hH h f txufaumif;uifoYdk armfMunfavowwf? wdrwuwYdk zk;vTr;xm;aomaMumifh vonf xka,musm;tm; rxif h f dk f H f d f ay:yJSdavowwf? xktcg wckaomavonf wuf keYf &if;keYf &if;ukeaom wdrwuwYdk udk wkuvizsufq;\? d f f dk f d f T hf D xkrS wyg;aomavonf rxlryg;tvwfpm;jzpfaom wdrwuwYdk udk wkuvizsufq;\? xkrS wyg;aomavonf d f dk f d f T hf D d odrarGUaom wdrwYdk udk wkuvizsufq;\/ xkraemuf xka,musfm;onf wdrwuuif;pifaom aumif;uif f f d f T hf D d S d f dk f vukd jrif euwt,SOudk odavowwf/ f f 314 xkOyrm ok;ckaom wdrwuwYdk uoYdk opmukd zk;vTr;wwfaom keYf &if; tvwfpm; odrarGUtm; d H f dk f hJ H f f jzifh 3-yg;aom udavomtarSmifudk rSwtyf\? ok;ckaomavwkYd uoYdk ok;yg;aomtEkvHk pdwwYdk udk rSwtyfuef f H hJ H f f k \? rsufpjd rifaom a,musfm;uJoYdk a*gMwblPfudk rSwtyf\? vuJoYdk edAmefudk rSwtyf\? wckwckaom av h f h f onf tpOftwki; wckwckaom wdrwuudk zsufq;jcif;uJoYdk wyg;wyg;aom tEkvpwonf opmukd zk;vTr; d f f dk f D h Hk d f H f wwfaom udavom tarSmifudk zsufq;jcif;ukd rSwtyf\? wdrwuf uif;aomaumif;uif pifMu,faom vukd D f f dk xka,musm;\ jrifjcif;uJoYdk opmukd zk;vTr;wwfaom udavom tarSmifuif;aomtcg pifMu,faom edAmefudk d f h H f a*gMwblPf\ jrifjcif;ukd rSwtyf\/ f rSeay\? ok;ckaom avwkYd onf vukd zk;vTr;wwfaom wdrwuwYdk udk zsufq;jcif;iSgomvQif pGr;Ekiuef f H H f f dk f D f d f k \? vukjd rifjcif;iSgum; rpGr;EkiueouJoYdk twlyif tEkavmrPfwYdk onf opmukd zk;vTr;wwfaom f d f k f h H f udavom tarSmifudk y,fazsmufjcif;iSgomvQif pGr;Ekiue\? edAmefujdk rifjcif;iSgum; rpGr;Ekiue/ xka,musfm; f d f k f f d f k f d onf vudjk rifjcif;iSgomvQif pGr;Edi\? wdrwuwYkd ukd zsufq;jcif;iSgum; rpGr;EdiouJoYdk twlyif a*gMwbl f k f f kd f D f k f h Pf onf edAmefukd jrifjcif;iSgomvQif pGr;Edi\? udavom tarSmifukd y,fazsmufjcif;iSgum; rpGr;Edi/ f k f f k f xkYd aMumifyifvQif a*gMwblPfonf tm0Ze;r[kwjf im; qdtyfayonf/ rSeay\? xda*gMwblPfonf h f k f k tm0Ze; r[kwjf im;aomfvnf; tm0Ze;\ t&mwnf r*ftm; ]]odYk jzpf&pfavmh}}[k trSwonmay;ouJoYkd f f f h (jzpfNyD;vQi) csKyfav\? r*fonfvnf; xda*gMwblu ay;aom trSwonmudk rvTwromvQif tjcm;tjywf f k f f l rSaom pdwtpOf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xda*gMwblPfoYkd tpOfvuvsuf razmufxi;bl; rcGzsufb;ao;aom d f f k kd f G f J l avmbwH; a'gowH; arm[wH;wdYk ukd azmufxi;vsuf cGzsuvsuomvQif jzpfay:\/ k k k G f J f f 809/ xdoYkd azmufxi;cGzsuf&m qdvwHonfum; Oyrmwnf; .... av;orm;wa,mufonf k G f J k h SpOobrQ Saom t&yf ysOfcsyfw&mudk xm;apNyD;vQif rsufEmudk t0wfjzifh &pfywf jrm;udk wyfqifvsuf puf f d S ,E&m; (qHvnfc0i;) &yfwnfaeowwf? tjcm;wyg;aom a,musm;onf puf,E&m; (qHvnfc0i;)udk k kH kd f f k kH kd f vSn ysOfcsyfonf av;orm;\ aS;Ijzpfaomtcg xdysOfcsyf 'kwjf zihtrSwonmudk ay;\? av;orm;onf hf k f f 'kwf (oH) trSwonmudk rvTwromvQif jrm;udk ypfvsuf ysOfcsyfw&mudk azmufxi;owwf/ xdOyrm 'kwf f f l G f k (oH) trSwonmuJoYkd a*gMwblPfukd rSwtyf\? av;orm;uJoYkd r*fPfukd rSwtyf\? 'kw(oH) trSwf f h f h f f onmudk rvTwromvQif ysOcsyw&mudk av;orm;\ azmufxi;jcif;uJoYkd a*gMwblPfuay;aom trSwf f l f f G f h onmudk rvTwromvQif r*fPfonf edAmefukd tmkH yvsuf razmufxi;bl; rcGzsufb;ao;aom avmbwH; G f l G f J l k a'gowH; arm[wH;wdYk udk azmufxi;jcif; cGzsujf cif;udk rSwtyf\/ k k G f J f 810/ r*fonf avmbwH; ponfwYdkukd azmufcjJG cif;udomvQif oufoufyonf r[kwao;? pifppf k k f aomfum; (terw*) tprxifaom oHo&m0#f qif;&J[aom orkj'mudvnf; ajcmufcef;apao;\/ tvkH;pkHaom l k
148
tyg,fwcg;wkYd uvnf; ydwao;\? ckepfyg;aom t&d,m OpmwkYd \ rsuarSmuf jzpfjcif;ukd (if;wkYd udk &jcif;uk) H dk f f d vnf; yao;\/ t*FgSpfyg;Sdaom rdpmr*fac: vrf;rSm;ukvnf; y,fao;\? tvk;pkaom ab;&efwYdk uvnf; Nidr; d H H dk f apao;\? jrwfpmbk&m;\ aT&ifawmfEpf om;awmfppf tjzpfoYdk vnf; 315 a&mufapao;\? xkrwyg; t&mru G S d S rsm;pGmukeaom tusKd;tmedoifwYdk udk &jcif;iSgvnf; jzpfao;\/ okYd vQif rsm;pGmaom tusKd;tmedoifwYdk udk ay; f wwfaom aomwmywdr*fEihf ,SOaom Pfonf aomwmywdr*fPf rnf\/ S f
yXrr*fPf NyD;\/ aomwmyefyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf

811/ xkrwyg; yXr*fPf\ tjcm;rJ xdPf\yifvQif tusKd;0dyguf jzpfueaom ESpBf udrf d S h k k f oH;Budraom zdvpwwYdk onf jzpfay:uke\/ rSeay\? avmukw&m ukovwYdk onf tjcm;rJ tusKd;ay;wwf k f k f d f f f kd f h onf\ tjzpfaMumifomvQif ]]tMuifr*form"dukd tjcm;rJ tusKd;ay;wwfonf[k rdeYf que\}} [lif; h h kd k f ]]tmoa0g w&m;wdkY\ ukejf cif;iSg tjcm;rJ tusKd;ay;wwfaom t&d,mr*fukd aES;aES; qdua&muf\}} [lif; h k f odYk tpSonfukd a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ tcsKYd q&mwkYd onfum; ]]wBudrjf zpfap ESpBf udrjf zpfap oH;Budrjf zpfap d k av;Budrjf zpfap zdvpwwYdkonf jzpfay:uke\}}[k qdkukef\? xdk pum;udum; r,ltyf rrSwtyf/ k f d f f k f rSeay\? tEkavmrPf (2-Budrf 3-Budrf jzpfvsu) rS0onf\ tqH; a*gMwblPfonf jzpfay:\? f f D J k xkYd aMumifh tvH;pHwYdk \ atmufxpfq; tydi;tjcm;tm;jzifh tEkvpwf 2-Budrf jzpfoif\/ wBudrrQjzpfaom k k kH k f kH d h f tEkvpwonf tmao0eypn;udk r&acs? wckaom tm0Ze;Saom pdwtpOf (0Dx) onfvnf; aZmpdwcepfBudrf kH d f f f d f d f k twdkif;tSnfSd\? xkYd aMumifh tEkvpwf ESpBf udrjf zpfaom yk*Kd vftm; oH;Budrajrmuf a*gMwblpwjf zpf\? av;Budrf kH d k f d ajrmuf r*fpwjf zpf\? oH;Budraom zdvpwwYdk jzpfue\/ tEkvpwf oH;Budrjf zpfaom yk*Kd vftm; av;Budrajrmuf d k f k f d f k f kH d k f a*gMwblpwf jzpf\? ig;Budrajrmuf r*fpwjf zpf\? ESpBf udraom zkvpwoYdk jzpfue\? xkYd aMumifh ]]ESpBf udro;Budrf d f d f d f d f k f f Hk aom zkvpwwYdk onf jzpfay:uke\}}[k qkdcJhayonf/ d f d f f tcsKdUaom q&mwkYd onfum; ]]tEkvpwf av;Budrjf zpfaom yk*Kd vftm; ig;Budrajrmuf a*gMwblpwjf zpf\? Hk d f d ajrmufBudrajrmuf r*fpwjf zpf\? wBudraom zkvpwf jzpf\}}[k qkdukef\? xkpum;ukrum; ]]av;Budrajrmuf f d f d f d d d l f jzpfap ig;Budrajrmufjzpfap tyemaZmjzpf\? xkig;BudrrS aemufeD;uyfaom b0ifaomaMumifh (b0ifuscsef f d f dS d eD;uyfaeaomaMumih) tyemaZm rjzpf}}[l (t|uxm) y,ftyfNyD; jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh tESpom&tjzpfjzifh f f r,kMH unf r,lqtyf/ 812/ (aomwmywdzvf jzpfum)rQjzifh a,m*Donf aomwmyef rnfaom 'kw,t&d ,myk*Kd vf dk d jzpf\? tvGearhavsmaejim;aomfvnf; ewfwYdkif; vlwYdkif; ckepfBudrf ajy;oGm;usivnfNyD;vQif qif;&J\tqkH; f h f (t&[wzv)ukd yjcif;iSg pGr;Ekiay\/ zkdvfaZm\tqk; xkaomwmyefy*Kd vf\ pdwonf b0ifoYdkouf\/ xkdrS dk f f d f H d k f aemuf b0ifujdk zwf r*fudk qifjcifjcif; tusK;iSg raem'Gg&m0Ze;pdwf jzpfay:\? xkpwcsKyfvwfaomf r*fudk d f d d f qifjcifaom ypa0uPmaZmwkYd onf tpOftwki; ckepfBudrjf zpfue\/ wzef b0ifoYdk ouf xdenf;jzifyifvQif d f k f k h 316 zdvponfwYdk ukd qifjcifjcif;tusKd;iSg tm0Ze;tpSaom pdwwYdk onf jzpfay:uke\/ ,if;qifjcifrI k f f d f f ypa0uPmpdwwYdk \ jzpfjcif;aMumifh aomwmyef yk*Kd vfonf r*fukd qifjcifonfrnf\? zdvukd qifjcifonf f k f rnf\? y,fNyD;aom udavomwkYd ukd qifjcifonfrnf\? (ry,f&ao;aom) <uif;aom udavomwkYd ukd qifjcif onf rnf\? edAmefukd qifjcifonf rnf\/ csJYjy&vQif .... xdaomwmyefy*Kd vfonf ]]vrf;jzifh igvmcJygwum;}}[k vmcJ&mvrf; [laom r*fukd k k h h qifjcif\? xdraemuf ]]tusKd;udk ig&ayNyD}}[k zdvukd qifjcif\? xdrS aemuf ]]rnfaom udavomwkYd ukd k S k f k ig y,fNyD;NyD}}[k y,fNyD;aom udavomwdYk ukd qifjcif\? xdraemuf ]]rnfaom udavomwkYd onf ightm; <uif; k S usefvsuf Sueao;\}}[k txufr*fo;yg;jzifh y,fowf tyfaom udavomwkYd ukd qifjcif\? aemufq; ]]ig d k f kH kH onf w&m;udk tmkH yaomtm;jzifh xd;xGi;od&ayNyD}}[k trdueAmefukd qifjcif\/ odYk vQif aomwmyef k f f d t&d,mom0utm; ig;yg;aom ypa0uPmwkYd onf jzpfue\? aomwmyefrm jzpfueouJoYdk twlyif k f S k f h ou'g*grfy*Kd vf tem*grfy*Kd vfwYkd tm;vnf; ypa0uPm ig;yg;pD jzpfue\? &[Em yk*Kd vfwYkdrmrlum; k k k f S
149
(ry,f&ao;aom) <uif;aom udavomudk qifjcifjcif; rnfonfrSNd yD/ odYk jyqdconftwdi; qifjcifrI tvH;pHk k hJ h k f k wkYd onf wq,fu;yg;aom ypa0uPmwkYd rnfue\/ h kd k f qkcNhJ yD;aom pum;onf tvGeq; tydi;tjcm;omvQiwnf;? y,fNyd;aomudavom <uif;aom d f kH k f f udavomwdYk ukd qifjcifjcif;onf aouy*Kd vftm; aomfvnf; jzpfonfvnf; Sd\? rjzpfonfvnf; S\? rSeay\? k d f xdxoYkdaom qifjcifrrSjd cif;aMumifyifvQif ou'g*grfjzpfaom r[memrfrif;onf jrwfpmbk&m;udk atmufyg k kd I h G twdi; ar;avQmufb;avNyD k f l ]]tSifbk&m;? tuREkfyf\ uk,wi;oEmef ry,f&ao;aom w&m;um; tb,frnfaom d f G f w&m;ygenf; ,if;ry,f&ao;aom w&m;aMumifh w&Hwcg tuREy\pdwudk avmbw&m; fk f f wkYd onfvnf; vTr;rk;vsuf t<uif;rJh ,laqmif wnfyguke\}} okdY tpSdaom tvkH;pkHukd f d f tus,ftm;jzifh odtyf\/
'kwd,r*fPfukd jyqkdcsuf
813/ okYd qifjcifNyD;vQirum; xkaomwmyef t&d,mom0uonf xkae&myif xkivsujf zpfap aemuf f l d d d f tzkYd tcgwyg;jzpfap umr&m*ESihf Asmyg'wkYd \ acgif;yg;jcif;tusKd;iSg (ou'g*grdzv[aom) 'kw,bktqifh dk f l d H okYd a&mufjcif;iSg 0dyem tm;xkwjf cif;ukd y\? xky*Kd vfonf aÈ Akvf aAmZifwYdk udk aygif;pk-nDnwap d k d G f kyf a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPf tjym;Saom xkocFg&w&m;taygif;ukd yifvQif ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k d d Pfjzifh tzef wvJveif;e,f acsrIe;\? tzefwvJvJ (Pfu) jzpfap\? 0dyemvrf;rSeoYdk ouf0if\/ J f dk f okYd usifaom xky*Kd vftm; qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif ocFgkayumPf\ tqk; wckwnf;aom tm0Ze;jzifh h d k d h H f tEkavmrPf a*gMwblPfwYdk jzpfay:vmukeNf yD; vwfaomf a*gMwblPf\ tjcm;rJ ou'g*grdr*fonf jzpf h ay:\? xkou'g*grdr*fEihf ,SOaom Pfonf ou'g*grdr*fPfrnf\/ d S f
'kwd,r*fPf NyD;\/ ou'g*grfyk*dKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

317 814/ ou'g*grdr*fPf\ tjcm;rJvnf; qkcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif zkvpwwYdk udk odtyf h d h d f d f uke\/ (ou'g*grdzvjf zpfum) rQjzifh yk*Kd vfonf (vlYjynf) avmuodYk wBudromvQif jyefvmNyD; f dk f 'ku\ tqH;udk yjcif;iSg pGr;Ediaom(aMumif) ou'g*grf rnfaom pwkwt&d,myk*Kd vf jzpf\/ xdrS aemuf k f k f h k qifjcifr-ypa0uPmrSm qdtyfNyD;aom enf;Sonf omvQifwnf;/ I k d
wwd,r*fPfudk jyqdkcsuf
odYk qifjcifNyD;vQifvnf; xdk ou'g*grf t&d,mom0uonf xdae&myif xdivsujf zpfap aemuf k k f tzdYk tcgwyg;jzpfap umr&m*ESihf Asmyg'wkYd ukd t<uif;rJy,fjcif;iSg (tem*grdzvf [laom) wwd,bHk tqifoYkd h kd h a&mufjcif;iSg 0dyemtm;xkwjf cif;udk yjyif\? xdy*Kd vfonf aÈAvf aAmZifwYdk ukd aygif;pk-nDwap xdk k k kd G f ocFg& w&m;taygif;udyifvQif ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k Pfjzifh tzefwvJvJ eif;e,facsrIe;\? tzefwvJvJ k f (Pfu) jzpfap\? 0dyemvrf;rSeoYkd ouf0if\/ odYk usifaom xdy*Kd vftm; qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif kd f h k k k h ocFgkayumPf\tqH; wckwnf;aom tm0Ze;jzifh tEkavmrPf a*gMwblPfukd jzpfay:ukeNf yD;vwfaomf k f a*gMwblPf\ tjcm;rJ tem*grdr*fonf jzpfay:\? xdtem*grdr*fEihf ,SOaom Pfonf tem*grdr*fPf h k S f rnf\/
wwd,r*fPfNyD;\/
150
tem*grfyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf
815/ tem*grdr*fPf\ tjcm;rJvnf; qdcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifyifvQif zdvpwukd odtyfue\/ h k h k f d f k f (tem*grdzvjf zpfaom) rQjzifh yk*Kd vfonf Oyygwfy#doaEom jzpf&efaom xdk (jA[mb) y&deAmefpvwHaom kd dS h kH d H h y#doaE\ tpGr;tm;jzifh umravmuodYk wzefrvmonfjzpf umrbHoYkd jyefvnfjcif; oabmrSaom f k d (aMumif) tem*grfrnfaom (ajcmufa,mufajrmuf) q|t&d,m yk*Kd vfjzpf\/ xkraemuf qifjcifr-ypa0uPm h d S I rSm qkcNhJ yD;aomenf;SonfomvQiwnf;/ d d f
pwkwr*fPfukd jyqkdcsuf
okYd qifjcifNyD;vQivnf; xktem*grft&d,mom0uonf xkae&myif xkiaevsujf zpfap aemuftzkYd tcg f d d d f wyg;jzpfap ly&m* tly&m* rme O'pt0dZmwkYd udk t<uif;rJy,fjcif;iSg (t&[wzvf [laom) pwkwbtqifh h dk Hk okYd a&mufjcif;iSg 0dyemtm;xkwjf cif;ukd yjyef\? xky*Kd vfonfvnf; aÈAvf aAmZifwYdk udk aygif;pk nDnwf d k dk G ap xkdocFg&w&m;taygif;ukyifvQif ]]rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw}f }[k Pfjzifh tzefwvJveif;e,facsrIe;\? tzef d J f wvJvJ (Pfu)jzpfap\? 0dyem vrf;rSeoYdk ouf0if\? okYd usifaomxky*Kd vftm; qkcNhJ yD;aomenf;jzifh dk f h d k d yifvQif wckwnf;aom tm0Ze;jzifh 318 tEkavmrPfa*g MwblPfwYdk jzpfay:ukeNf yD;vwfaomf a*gMwbl f Pf\ tjcm;rJ t&[wr*fonf jzpfay:\? xkt&[w r*fEihf ,SOaom Pfonf t&[wr*fPfrnf\/ h d S f
pwkwr*fPfNyD;\/ &[Emyk*dKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

816/ t&[wr*fPf\tjcm;rJvnf;qkcNhJ yD;aomenf;jzifyifvQif zkvpwwYdk udk odtyfue\/ h d h d f d f k f (t&[wzvjf zpfaom)rQjzifh yk*Kd vfonf &[Emrnfaom (Spa,mufajrmuf) t|ryk*Kd vfjzpf\? tmoa0gukeNf yD; dk f aom yk*Kd vfjrwf jzpf\? tqk;pGeaom cEmuk,uaqmifaom 0efxy0efy;udk csNyD;aom yk*Kd vfjzpf\? rdrtusKd;udk H f d f dk k f kd d a&mufNyD; &NyD;aom b0oHa,mZOf ukecef;NyD;aom yk*Kd vfjzpf\? rSepmod vGwajrmuf\? ewfEiwuGaom vl f f G f S hf taygif;\ jrwfaom tvukd cHxuaom yk*Kd vfjrwfBuD; jzpfay\/ kd f odYk vQif ]]aomwmywr*f ou'g*grdr*f tem*grdr*f t&[wr*f[aom av;yg;aom r*fwYdk Pf d l onf P'0do'rnf\}} [l aS; qdcaom xdpum;onf ,ckjyqkcaom tpOfjzifh a&muftyfueaom k d k hJ k d hJ k f av;yg;aom r*fPfu&nf qdtyfaom pum; jzpfayonf/ kd k
aAm"dyud,w&m;udk jyqdkcsuf
817/ ,cktcg Pfav;yg; taygif;[k qdktyfaom P'e0dok'd\yifvQif tpGr;tmEkabmfukd f odem;vnfjcif; tusKd;iSg jynfpaom aAm"dyu,w&m; Sonf\ tjzpfuif; (edrw y0wr) xjcif;(udif; orx h kH d d kd d S k 0dyem) cGetm;ESihf ,SOjf cif;udif; tMuiftukovw&m;wkYd ukd tMuifPfjzifh y,ftyf f k kd f uke\? xdtukovw&m;wkYd ukd xdPfjzifh y,fjcif;udif; opmav;yg;udk odaomtcg f k kd f k k y&dnmtpSaom tMuifupwYdk ukd a[mtyfue\/ xduptvH;pHwYdk uif; [kwreaom d d k f k d k k kd f S f oabmtm;avsmfpm odtyfue\/ (2-*gxm) G k f 818/ xd*gxmwkYd jynfpaom aAm"dyu,w&m;Sonf\tjzpf [lonfum; aAm"dyu, w&m;wkYd \ k h kH d d d jynfponf\tjzpfwnf;/ owdy|mefav;yg; ory"mefav;yg; 'dyg'fav;yg; aÈig;yg; Akvig;yg; aAmZif h kH d f ckepfyg; t*FgSpyg;aom Saom t&d,mr*f (r*ipyg;) [laom ok;q,fcepfyg;aom w&m;wkYd onf odwwf f d f S f H h k aom teufoabmaMumifh aAm"d rnfaom t&d,mr*f\ tzkYd (tkyp) jzpfaomaMumifh aAm"dyu, rnfue\/ f k d k f tzkYd (tkyp) jzpfaomaMumifh [lonfrm aus;Zl;ywwfonf\ tjzpf wnfaomaMumifh ([kqv\)/ f k S dk dk
151
319 819/ xkxtmkwYdk ouf0if ajy;0if xifaomaMumifh y|mernf\? owdonfyifvQif ajy;0if d dk H xif\? (xkYd aMumif) owdy|me-owdy|mef rnf\? um, a0'em pdwf oabmw&m;wkYd rwifw,faomtjcif; h h t&m qif;&Jaom tjcif;t&m rNrJaom tjcif;t&m twr[kwaom tjcif;t&mwkYd udk ,lonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh f f if; ]]wifw,fonf csrf;omonf NrJonf tw[wonf}}[k xifaom trSwonmwkYd udk y,fjcif;udp h k f f NyD;aponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; jzpfaomaMumifh xkowdy|mefonf av;yg;tjym;tm;jzifh uGjJ ym;\? xkYd aMumifh f h d ]]owdy|mef av;yg;}}[l qktyf\/ d 820/ w&m;oabmjzifh tm;xkwue\? odkY tm;xkwaMumif; jzpfaomaMumifh y"mernf\/ f k f f wifw,faom tm;xkwaMumif;wnf;/ (xdYk aMumif) ory"mef rnf\/ wenf;um; w&m;oabmjzifh aumif;pGm h f h tm;xkwue\? odYk aumif;pGm tm;xkwaMumifh jzpfaomaMumifh ory"mef rnf\/ wenf;um; udavom f k f f [laom tkyq;onf\ tjzpfrS uif;aomaMumifh wifw,fonf (jzpf orm)vnf; rnf\? xdwifw,faom f dk h k h vHYk vonf pD;yGg;csrf;omwdYk ukd jzpfapwwfonf\ tjzpfjzifh txl;ojzifh csD;rGr;tyfonf\ tjzpfukd aqmifwwf f aomaMumifif; jy"mef; (jrifjh rwf)onftjzpf\ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumifif; y"mevnf;rnf\? xdYk aMumifh h h h ory"mef rnf\/ ory"mef [laom trnfonf vHYk v0D&,\ trnfaywnf;/ xdoYkd trnf&aMumif; Saom d k d ory"mefonf jzpfNyD;aom tukovwYdkukd y,fjcif;udpEihf rjzpfao;aomtukov\ rjzpfjcif; udpuif; kd f S kd f kd rjzpfao;aom ukovf wkYd \ jzpfjcif;udpEihf jzpfNyD;aom ukovwYkd\ wnfjcif; udpuif; NyD;apwwfaomaMumifh kd S kd f kd av;yg;tjym;Sd\/ xdYk aMumifh ]]ory"mefav;yg;}} [l qdktyf\/ 821/ aS; qkcNhJ yD;aom NyD;pD;jynfpjHk cif; teufoabmaMumifh 'drnf\? ,SOazmf,Ozuf (or,w) jzpf d h f S f k f aom xkNd yD;pD;jynfpjHk cif;\ (t"dywdypn;[laom) jy"mef;aom teufoabmaMumifh (yg') tajccHjzpf\? wenf; h f um; tusK;jzpfaom xkNd yD;pD;jynfpjHk cif;\ aS;tzkYd taMumif;[laom teufoabmaMumifh (yg')a&mufaMumif;jzpf d h \? xkYd aMumifh 'yg'frnf\/ xkd'dyg'fonf qEponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh av;yg;tjym;S\? xkYd aMumifh ]]'d d f d yg'fav;yg;}}[l qkdtyf\? tb,fuoYdk a[mawmfroenf;[lr ]]'yg'fwYdk onf qE'yg'f pdw'yg'f 0D&,'d hJ l l d d d d d d d yg'f 0Dro'yg'fwYdk [ av;yg;wkYd wnf;}}[k a[mawmfr\/ av;yg;wkYd onf avmukw&mw&m;wkYd omvQif jzpf H d d l l uke\/ okYd aomfvnf; ]]&[ef;onf qEudk tBuD;tr;y orm"dudk tu,f &jim;tH?h pdw\wnfMunfjcif;ukd f l f tu,f &jim;tH?h orm"dudk qEorm"d[ qktyf\}} okYd ponfjzifh a[mawmfraomaMumifh qEtpSaom l d l d t"dywd\ tpGr;tm;jzifh &tyfaom avmuDw&m;wkYd onfvnf; 'yg'f rnfueao;\/ f d k f 822/ r,kMH unfjcif; ysi;&djcif; arhavsmjh cif; ysUH vGijhf cif; awGa0jcif;wkYd udk vTr;rk;ESreif;wwfaomaMumifh f f d d f vTr;rk;ESreif;jcif;[laom tpk;&jcif; teufoabmtm;jzifh È,rnf\/ r,kMH unfjcif; ponfwYdk u rvTr;rk;tyf f d d f d d f d -rvTr;rk;EkiaomaMumifh rwkevyjf cif; teufoabmtm;jzifh Av-Akvvnf; rnf\/ xkaÈEihf AkvEpyg;vk; f d d f f I d f d S d f S f H onfvnf; o'g-,kMH unfrI ponfwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ig;yg;tjym;Sd\/ xkYd aMumifh ]]aÈig;yg; Akdvfig;yg;}} f [l qkdtyf\/ 823/ xkrwyg; odwwfaomyk*Kd vf\ taMumif;t*FgjzpfaomaMumifh owdtpSaom ckepfyg;aom w&m; d S d wkYd onf aAmZif rnfue\? 0#fqif;&JrS xGuajrmufaMumif;jzpfaom teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|d tpSaom Spf k f f d yg;aom w&m;wkYd onfvnf; r*if rnfue\? xkdYaMumifh ]]aAmZifckepfyg; t*FgSpfyg; Sdaom t&d,mr*f}} [l k f qdtyf\/ k 320 824/ qdtyfcNhJ yD;aom tjym;tm;jzifh oH;q,fcepfyg;aom aAm"dyu, w&m;wkYd ukd aS;tzdkY k k h k d avmuD 0dyemPf jzpfpOf wq,fav;yg;aomtjym;jzifh ud,ukd odr;qnf;aomoltm; um,mEkyem h k f f owdy|mefukd &tyf\? ud;yg;tjym;tm;jzifh a0'emudk odr;qnf;aomoltm; a0'emEkyem owdy|mefukd k f &tyf\? wq,fajcmufyg; tjym;tm;jzifh pdwukd odr;qnf;aom oltm; pdwmEkyemowdy|mefukd &tyf\? h f f ig;yg; tjym;tm;jzifh oabmw&m;wkYd ukd odr;qnf;aom oltm; "rmEkyemowdy|mefukd &tyf\? rdr\ f d ypKyef twabm rjzpfb;ao;aom tukovukd olwyg; oEmef jzpfonfukd awGYjrif ]]tukovrsKd; l kd f kd f rjzpfatmif usifo;tH?h odYk usihonfaomf ightm; tukovonf rjzpfvwH}h }[k xdtukov\ rjzpfjcif;iSg h kH f dS kd f k kd f tm;xkwaom umv yXrory"mefu&tyf\? rdr\oEmef jzpfay:jcif;odYk a&mufaom tukovukd awGYjrif f kd d kd f xdtukovukd y,fjcif;iSg tm;xkwaom umv 'kw,ory"mefukd &tyf\? rdr\ ypKyef twabm k kd f f d d rjzpfb;ao;aom psmefuaomfif; 0dyemudaomfif; jzpfapjcif;iSg tm;xkeaom oltm; wwd, ory"mefukd l kd k f &tyf\? jzpfay:NyD;aom psmef0yem rqkw,watmif tzefzef jzpfapoltm; pwkw ory"mefudk &tyf\? d f k f
152
qEudk tBuD;tr;y ukovudk jzpfapaomumv qE'yg'fudk &tyf\? rdpm0gpmac: roifavsmfaom ajymqkd dk f d d h jcif;rS MuOfaSmif aomumv orm0gpmukd &tyf\? okYd vQif txl;xl;aom pdwwYdk &tyfue\? f k f av;yg;aom r*fPfwYdk jzpfay:aomumvrlum; wckwnf;aom pdw &tyfue\/ zkvcP av;yg;aom f k f d f ory"mefwYdk udk z,fxm; <uif;aom ok;q,fo;yg;aom aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd udk &tyfue\/ H h Hk d k f 825/ qkconftwki; wckwnf;aom pdw &tyfueaom aAm"dyu,w&m; wkYd wif edAmefvQif d hJ h d f f k f d G tmkaom wyg;wnf;aom owduyifvQif um,tpSaom av;yg;aom tmkwYdk wifw,fonf[k xifaom H dS dk d H h trSwonm ponfwYdkudk y,fjcif;udpN yD;aponf\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh ]]owdy|mefav;yg;}}[l qkdtyf\/ wyg; f wnf;aom 0D&,ukyifvQif rjzpfao;aom tukovwYdk\ rjzpfjcif;tpSaom udpudk NyD;aponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh d d dk f d f ]]ory"mef av;yg;}}[lvnf; qkdtyf\/ <uif;aom aAm"dyu, w&m;wkYd um; avsmapjcif; wk;yGg;apjcif;onf d h d rSay/ d 826/ wenf;tm;jzifvnf; xkd ok;q,fcepfyg;aom aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd wif .... h H h k d G uk;ckw&m; wyg;pDom? d wckonfum; ESpyg; wjzm? f av;yg; ig;yg; Spfyg; ukd;jzm? if;wkYd ajcmufzYdk uGJMuyg/ uk;ckw&m; wyg;pDom [lonfum; qE pdwf yDwd y'd wMwrZwwm [laom Oayum 0dwuf d [laom ormouFy orm0gpm ormurE ormtmZD0[laom uk;yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf (qE'yg'f d d d ponftm;jzif) wyg;pDom tjym;Sue\? tjcm;wyg;aomtzdYk oYdk r0ifukef/ wckonfum; ESpyg; [lonfum; h d k f f o'gonf aÈEihf AdvwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ESpyg; tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\? wjzmav;yg; ig;yg; [lonfum; xdrS S k f f f k wyg;aom w&m;wckonf av;yg; tjym;tm;jzif?h xdrwyg; w&m;wckonf ig;yg; tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\? um; k S qdv&if; teufwnf;/ xdwiorm"d [laomw&m;wckonf aÈAvf aAmZif r*iwYdk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh av;yg; k kd k G f kd f f tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\/ ynm[laom w&m;wckonf xdav;yg;ESihf 'yg'f tzdYk \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh 321 ig;yg; k d tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\? Spyg;ud;jzm [lonfum; xdrwyg;aom w&m;wckonf Spyg;tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\? xdrS f k k S f k wyg;aom w&m;wckonf ud;yg; tjym;jzifwnf\? um; qdv&if;teufwnf;/ (xdwi) owdonf owdy|mef k h k kd k G f av;yg;ESihf aÈAvf aAmZif r*iwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh Spyg;tjym;tm;jzifh wnf\/ 0D&,onf ory"mef kd f f f d av;yg;ESihf 'dyg'f aÈAvaAmZif r*iwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ud;yg;tjym;jzifh wnf\/ odkYvQif dk f f f k aAm"dyu, w&m;wdYk onf yk'wyg;ESihf ra&mrpyf ukeonfaomf wq,fav;yg;wkYd om d f f dS h vQif jzpfue\? tzdkYtpk tm;jzifh ckepfyg; tjym;Sue\? tao;pdwf tus,f tjym;tm;jzifh k f d k f (um,mEkyem tpSaom) rdr\ udpukd NyD;apjcif;aMumifif; (qEd'dyg'f tp Sdaom)okyf d d h w&m;uk,tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;aMumifif; ok;q,fcepfyg; tjym;Sue\? t&d,mr*fjzpfvwf d f h H h k d k f aomf (jzpfaomtcg) xkaAm"dyud, w&m;wkYd onf tvk;pkyifvQif jzpfay:uke\/ (2-*gxm d H H f aygif;) okYd vQif (P'e0do') jynfpaom aAm"dyu, w&m;Sonf\tjzpfudk odtyf\/ k d h Hk d d
153
xjcif; cGefYtm;ESifh,SOfjcif;wkdYukd jyqkdcsuf

827/ xjcif; cGetm;ESihf ,SOjf cif; [lonfum; xjcif;ukif; cGetm;ESihf ,SOjf cif;ukif; ([k qkv\)/ csJU f d f d d dk jy&vQif .... avmuD0yemonf ocFg&edrwvQif tmkaom aMumifif;? rjywfjzpf jcif;[laom cEmt,Of\ d d f H dS h taMumif;jzpfaom ork', wPSmukd t<uif;rJh ry,fjzwfjcif;aMumifif; ocFg& edrwrvnf; xonfrrnf? rjywf h d f S jzpfaom cEmt,Ofrvnf; xonf rrnf/ a*gMwblPfonf ork', wPSmukd t<uif;rJh ry,fjzpfjcif;aMumifh S rjywfjzpfaom cEmt,OfrS xonfrrnf? okYd aomfeAmefvQif tmkaomaMumifh ocFg&edrwrrum;xonf rnf\? d H dS d f S l xkYd aMumifh (if;onf) {uawm0k|me-wzufrxonf rnf\/ xkYd aMumifh ]]tjyify (ocFg&)rS xjcif; jyefvnfjcif; S NyD;pD;vwfaomf jzpfaom ynmonf a*gMwblPf rnf\}}[k a[mawmfr\/ xkYd jyifvnf; (a[mxm;ao;onfrm) l S .... ]]jzpfay:jcif;rS jyefvnf rjzpfay:jcif;okYd ajy;0ifaomaMumifh a*gMwbl rnf\? jzpfyg;jcif;rS jyefvnf}} G okYd ponfjzifh tvH;pHukd odtyf\/ av;yg;vH;aom r*fPfwYdk onfum; edrwuif;aom edAmefvQif tmkdS k k k d f H aomaMumifh ocFg& edrwrvnf; xuke\? ork',wPSmudk t<uif;rJh y,fjzwfjcif;aMumifh rjywfjzpfaom cEm d f S f t,Ofrvnf; xuke\? xkYd aMumifh (if;wkYd onf) Obawm0k|me-ESpzufv; (ESpyg;pH)rS xonf rnfue\/ S f f kH f k k f xkYd aMumifh y#dor'gr*f atmufygtwdi; a[mawmfr\ d k f l tb,foYkdvQif ESpyg;pHrS xjcif; jyefvnfjcif; NyD;pD;vwfaomf jzpfaomynmonf f k r*fPf rnfoenf;/ aomwmywr*f cP edAmefujkd rifaom teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|onf rdpm'd|rS d d d x\? xdrpm'd|oYkd tpOfvuaom (rdpm'd|\ aemufvujf zpfaom) udavomwkYd rif;? cEm k d d kd f d kd S wkYd rif; x\/ tjyifyrnfaom tvH;pHaom ocFg& edrwwYkd rvnf; x\/ xkYd aMumifh S k k d f S ]]ESpyg;pHrS xjcif; jyefvnfjcif; NyD;pD;vwfaomf jzpfaomynmonf r*fPfrnf\}}[k qdktyf f k \/ tmkoYkd aS;Iwifay;jcif; teufoabmaMumifh ormouFyonf rdpmouFyr/ y/ EIwf H S trlt&mudk odr;qnf;jcif; teufoabmaMumifh orm0gpmonf rdpm0gpmrS/ y/ ud,trl f k f t&mudk aumif;pGm jzpfapjcif; teufoabmaMumifh ormurEonf/ y/ jzLpifjcif; teuf oabmaMumifh ormtmZD0onf? csD;ajrmufjcif; teufoabmaMumifh 322 orm0g,mronf/ xifjcif; teufoabmaMumifh ormowdonf/ rysYH vijhf cif; teufoabmaMumifh ormorm"d G onf rdpmorm"drx\? xkrpmorm"doYdk tpOfvuaom udavomwkYd rif;? cEmwkYd rif; S d d dk f S S x\? tjyifyrnfaom tvk;pkaomocFg&edrdwfwkdYrSvnf; x\? xkYd aMumifh ]]ESpyg;pkrS xjcif; H H f H jyefvnfjcif; NyD;pD;vwfaomf jzpfaomynmonf r*fPf rnf\}}[k qkdtyf\/ ou'g*grdr*f cP edAmefujdk rifjcif; teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|onf/y/ rysUH vGijhf cif; teufoabm d aMumifh ormorm"donf keYf &if;aom umr&m*oHa,mZOfrif;? y#dCoHa,mZOfrif;? keYf &if; S S aom umr&m*tEko,rSif;? y#dCtEko,rSif; x\/y/ tem*grdr*fcP edAmefudk jrifjcif; teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|onf/y/ rysHUvGihf d jcif; teufoabmaMumifh ormorm"donf odrarGUaom umr&m*oHa,mZOfrif;? y#dC f S oHa,mZOfrif;? odrarGUaom umr&m*tEko,rSif;? y#dCtEko,rSif; x\/y/ S f t&[wr*fcP edAmefudk jrifjcif; teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|onf/y/ rysHUvGihf d jcif; teufoabmaMumifh ormorm"donf ly&m*rSif;? tly&m*rSif;? rmerSif;? O'prS if;? t0dZmrSif;? rmetEko,rSif;? b0&m* tEko,rSif;? t0dZmtEko,rSif; x\? xkd ly&m*ponfoYdk tpOfvuaom udavomwkYd rif;? cEmwkYd rif; x\? tjyify tvk;pkaom dk f S S H H ocFg&edrwwYdk rvnf; x\/ xkYd aMumifh ]]ESpyg;pkrS xjcif; jyefvnfjcif; NyD;pD;vwfaomf d f S f H jzpfaom ynmonf r*fPf rnf\}}[k qkdtyf\/ um; ygVd/ 828/ xkrwyg; Spyg;aom avmuDormywfwYdk udk yGg;apaomumv orxcGetm;onf vGeu\? d S f f f J tedpmEkyem ponfwYdk udk yGg;apaom umv 0dyem cGetm;onf vGeu\? t&d,mr*f cPrlum; xkd f f J orxESihf 0dyemw&m;wkYd onf tcsif;csif;ukd rvGejf cif;[laom teufoabmtm;jzifh xrf;yk; nDwzUJG tyfuef d l k ouJoYdk jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifh av;yg;vH;aom r*fPfwYdk ESpyg;pHaom cGetm;ESihf ,SOay\/ tb,fuJhodkY h k f k f k f f a[mawmfrl oenf;[lrum;- l
154
ysHYvirI O'pEiwuGjzpfaom udavomwkYd rif;? cEmwkYd rif; xaom yk*Kd vftm;pdw\ wck G hf S hf S S f wnf;aom tmkH Sdonf\ tjzpf[aom ysYH vijhf cif;\ qefYusifbufjzpf ( rysHYrvGihf wnf l G Munf)aom orm"donf ocFg&csKyfNidr;aom edAmefvQif usufpm;&m tmk\/ rodrI-odrm; f H dS S rI-t0dZmESiwuGjzpfaom udavomwdYk rif;? cEmwdYk rif; xaomyk*Kd vftm; Ijcif; teuf hf S S oabmtm;jzifh 0dyemonf ocFg&csKyfaom edAmefvQif usufpm;&m tmk\? odYk xjcif; H dS oabmtm;jzifh orxESihf 0dyemwkYd onf 323 wlnaom udp Sue\? xrf;yd; nDwzYJG D d k f k l tyfueouJoYkd jzpfue\? tcsif;csif;udk rvGeue?f xkYd aMumifh ]]xjcif; teufoabmtm;jzifh k f h k f f k orxESihf 0dyemudk xrf;yd; nDwzYJG ouJoYkd yGg;ap\}}[k qdktyf\-odYk a[mawmfr\/ k l h l odYk vQif (P'e0do') xjcif; cGetm;ESihf ,SOjf cif;udk odtyf\/ k d f
y,ftyfaomw&m;udky,fyHkudk jyqdkcsuf
829/ tMuif tukovw&m;wkYd ukd tMuifPfjzifh y,ftyfue\? xdtukovf w&m;wkYd ukd xdPfjzifh kd f k f k kd k y,fjcif;udif; [lonfum; av;yg;aom r*fPfwYdk wif tMuifPfjzifh tMuif tukovw&m;wkYd ukd y,ftyf k G kd f uke\? xdtukovw&m;wkYd ukd xdPfjzifh y,fjcif;udif; odtyf\/ csJY jy&vQif-av;yg;aom f k kd f k k r*fPfwYkd onf oHa,mZOfuavom rdpww&m; avmu"Hw&m; rp&, 0dyvmo *Et*wd tmoa0gw&m; d d MoC a,m* eD0&P y&mrmo Oyg'gef tEko-, rv tukovuryx tukovpwK yg'f[k qdtyfueaom kd f kd f d k k f tukovw&m; wkYd udk ,SOoifonf(xkuonf)tm;avsmpm y,fjcif;ukd ywwfue\/ dk f f h d f f G k f xkwif oHa,mZOfwYdk [lonfum; b0opfcEmwkYd Eihf b0a[mif;cEmwkYd uif;? tusKd;ESihf uHuif;? qif;&J d G S dk dk ESiow0gwkYd uif; ,SOapwwfaomaMumifh ly&m*tpSaom q,fyg;aom w&m;wkYd udk (oHa,mZOfwYdk [l) hf dk f d qktyfue\/ rSeay\? xkoa,mZOfwYdk orQ umvywfv; cEmtusKd; qif;&J 'kuwYdk \ jywfpjJ cif;rnfonf d k f f d H dS Hk rSacs/ xkq,fyg;wkYd wivnf; ly&m* tly&m* rme O'p t0dZm [laom ig;yg;wkYd onf txufjA[mh d d G f avmu jzpfvwHaom cEmwkYd Eihf (jzpfNyD;aom cEmponfwYdku) ,SOapwwfaomaMumifh O'bm*d, oHa,mZOfwYdk h S dk f H rnfue\/ oum,'d|d 0dpupm oDvAwy&mrmo umr&m* y#dC [laom ig;yg;wkYd onf atmufumr k f d d avmu jzpfvwhaom cEmwkYd Eihf (jzpfNyD;aom cEmwkYd u) ,SOapwwfaomaMumifh ta"mbm*d, oHa,mZOfwYdk H S kd f rnfue\/ k f udavomwkYd [lonfum; rdrwYdk ud,wif npfEr;aomaMumifif;? ,SOazmf,Ozuf jzpfaom (or,w) d k f kd G f h f S f k f w&m;wkYd ukd npfEr;apwwfaomaMumifif; avmb a'go arm[ rme 'd|d 0dpupm xde O'p t[d&u taemwy G f h d d d [laom q,fyg;aom w&m;wkYd onf udavom rnfue\/ k f rdpww&m;wdYk [lonfum; rdpm'd|d rdpouFy rdpm0gpm rdpm urE rdpmtmZD0 rdpm0g,mr rdpmowd rdpmorm"d [laom Spyg;aomw&m;wkYd onf rSm;,Gi;pGm jzpfaomaMumifh rdpw rnfue\/ wenf;um; f f k f rdpm0drwd rdpmPfwYdk Eihf wuG q,fyg;aomw&m;wkYd onf rdpmw rnfue\/ k S k f avmu"Hw&m;wkYd [lonfum; vmbf&jcif; vmbfr&jcif; ta>ct&Hrsm;jcif; ta>ct&HrjhJ cif; csr;omjcif; f qif;&Jjcif; uJ&UJ jcif; csD;rGr;jcif; [laom Spyg;wkYd onf owavmu\ jzpfjcif;SvQif ruif;Ekiaom w&m;wkYd h f f d d f jzpfaomaMumifh avmu"Hw&m;wkYd rnfue\? (y,foifaom tukovudk jyaom) t&mum; vmbf&jcif; k f h dk f ponfvQif taMumif;Saom avmbukif; vmbfr&jcif;ponfvQif taMumif;Saom a'goukif; um&Plypm d d d d tm;jzifh avmu"Hw&m; ac:onf[k odtyf\/ 324 rp&,wkYd [lonfum; tm0gorp&, ukvrp&, vmb rp&, "rrp&, 0Prp&, [laom d d d d d d ae&mausmif; ponfwYdk wyg;aom olwYkd Eihf qufqonf\ tjzpfukd onf;rcH (oabmrwl)Ediaom tjcif;t&m S H k f tm;jzifh jzpfueaom ig;yg;aom 0efwjkd cif;wkYd wnf;/ k f 0dyvmowdYk [lonfum; rNrJ qif;&J twr[kwf rwifw,faom 0wKwdYk yifvQif ]]NrJonf csr;omonf h f tw[wonf wifw,fonf}}[k odYk aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfaom onm0dyvmo pdw0yvmo k f h d 'd|0yvmo [laom oH;yg;aom azmufjyef rSm;,Gi;jcif; wkYd wnf;/ d d k f
155
*EwYdk [lonfum; tbdZmtpSueaom av;yg;aom w&m;wkYd onf emrftaygif; - emrum,udif; kyf d k f k taygif; - lyum,udif; qufpyfx;zGYJ wwfaomaMumifh *EwYdk rnfue\? xdpum;rSe\? xd*EwYkd ukd ]]tbdZm k kH k f k f k um,*E Asmyg'um,*E oDvAwy&mrmoum,*E 'Hopmbdea0oum,*E}}[l omvQif a[mawmfrl (tyf d uke)\/ f t*wd [laom trnfonf cspjf cif; rke;jcif; rodem;rvnfjcif; aMumufjcif; wkYd aMumifh ryoifaom f h trIukd yjcif;ESihf yoifaom trIukd ryjcif;wkYd \ trnfwnf;/ rSeay\? xdryoifonfudk yjcif;ESihf yoihf h f k h onfudk ryjcif;ukd t&d,mwkYd onf ra&muftyf ra&mufxuonf\ tjzpfaMumifh t*wd[ qktyf\/ dk f l d tmo0-tm0a0gw&m; [lonfum; umr&m* b0&m* rdpm'd|d t0dZmwkYd onf (w&m; oabmtm;jzif) h a*gMwblwiatmifif;? (b0tm;jzif)b0*fwiatmifif; tmkH yonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfwwfaomaMumifh dk f h dk f f tmo0 rnfue\/ wenf;um; a&tk;\ taygufwYdk rS a&uJoYdk rydwqYdk tyfaom 'Gg&wkYd rS ,kp;wwfaomaMumifh k f d h f d D tNrJwrf; ,kxujf cif; teufoabmtm;jzifh tmo0rnfue\/ wenf;um; oHo&mqif;&Judk jzpfyg;apwwfaom d G k f G aMumifh tmo0 rnfuef\/ k b0wnf;[laom orkj'm qGiifwwfaom teufoabmaMumifif;? ul;ajrmufEicaom teufoabm J h dk f J aMumifif; xkumr&m* b0&m* rdpm'd|d t0dZmwkYd onf MoCvnf; rnfue\/ tmkEihf uif;uGmjcif;ukif;? h d k f H S d qif;&J'uEihf uif;uGmjcif;ukif; ray;wwfaomaMumifh a,m*vnf; rnfue\/ k S d k f eD0&PwkYd [lonfum; pdwudk wm;jrpfwwf ydwqYdkwwf zk;uG,wwfaom teufoabmaMumifh umrpE f f H f tpSaom ig;yg;aomw&m;wkYd onf eD0&P rnfue\/ d k f y&mrmo [lonfum; xdxw&m;\ (rwifw,fjcif;paom) rSeaom oabmudk ausmfve trSerS k kd h f G f f wyg;aom r[kwrrSeaom (wifw,fjcif; paom) oabmudk oH;oyfaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfaomaMumifh f f h k rdpm'd|onf y&mrmo rnf\/ d Oyg'gefwdkY [lonfum; y#dporkyg'f tus,jf y&m (eda'o) cyfor;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jyqdcaom d f k hJ umrkyg'gef tpSaom av;yg;aom Oyg'gef wkYd wnf;/ d tEko,wkYd [lonfum; tm;tpGr;odYk a&mufaom (jzpfpr;Ediaom) teufoabm tm;jzifh umr&m*g f G f k f Eko, y#dCmEko, rmemEko, 'd|tEko, 0dpupmEko, b0&m*gEko, t0dZmEko, [l odYk a[mxm; d d d aom umr&m* tpSaom 325 ckepfyg;aom w&m;wkYd wnf;/ rSeay\? xdcepfyg;aom w&m;wkYd onf tm;tpGr; d f k k f odYk a&mufonf\tjzpf (jzpfpr;Edionf\ tjzpf)aMumifh umr&m* ponfwYdk tzefwvJvJ jzpfjcif;\ taMumif; G f k f tjzpfjzifh ude;aeukeonfomwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh tEko, rnfue\/ f f k f rv-tnpftaMu;wkYd [lonfum; qDpe;aom TeuoYdk rdrwYkd ud,wirpifMu,faomaMumifif; wyg; G f f hJ d k f kd f h aom w&m;wkYd tm; rpifMu,fonf\ tjzpfukd ywwfaomaMumifif; avmb a'go arm[ [laom oH;yg;aom h k w&m;wkYdwnf;/ tukovf uryxwkYd [lonfum; (1) ygPmwdygw-ow0gudk owfjcif;? (2) t'dEm'ge-olwyg;\ kd Opmudk cd;,ljcif;? (3) umarokrpmpm& rydi-rqdiaom arxkeumrwkYd rSm;,Gi; usL;vGejf cif;? (4) rkom0g'k d k f k f f f rrSeaompum;udk vdrvnf ajymqdjk cif;? (5) ydoP0gpm*k;wkupum; ajymqkjd cif;? (6) zko0gpmkeYf &if; f f k H d f Murf;wrf;aom pum; ajymqkjd cif;? (7) oryvmyNydezsi;aom tusK;rJpum; ajymqkjd cif;? (8) tbdZmolU Opmukd f f d h &vkorI aS;IBuHpnfjcif;? (9) Asmyg'olwyg;tm; aoysufap&ef BuHpnfjcif;? (10) rdpm'd|uHEiu\ d d S hf H tusKd;rS[k rSm;,Gi;aom t,l[aom q,fyg;wkYd onf tukovuH jzpfaomaMumifif; tyg,f'*woYdk d f l dk f h k d a&mufaMumif; jzpfaomaMumifif; tukovuryx rnfue\/ h k f tukovf pdwK yg'fwYdk [lonfum; avmbrlpwK yg'f Spyg;? a'gorlpwK yg'f ESpyg;? arm[rl pdwK yg'f dk d f d f ESpyg; [laom wq,fEpyg;wkYd wnf;/ f h S f
156
830/ okYd jyqktyfueNf yD;aom oHa,mZOf tpSueaom xktukovf w&m;wkYd udk av;yg;aom r*f d k d k f d dk PfwYdk onf ,SOoifonftm; (xkuonftm;)avsmfpm y,fjcif;ukd ywwfue\/ tb,foYdk enf;[lr f h d f G k f l oHa,mZOf q,fyg;wkYd wif oum,'d|d 0dpupm oDvAwy&mrmo tyg,foYdk vma&mufapwwfaom umr&m*ESihf G d d y#dC [laom ig;yg;aom w&m;wkYd udk yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\/ <uif;aom keYf &if;aom umr&m*ESihf y#dCwkYd udk 'kw,r*fPfu y,fowf\? odrarGUaom umr&m*ESihf y#dCwkYd udk wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? d f ly&m*tpSd aom ig;yg;vk;aom oHa,mZOf wkYd udk pwkwr*fPfuomvQif y,fowf\/ aemufvnf; omvQif H [laom o'gjzifh uefYowfjcif;ukd ryrl tMuiftMuif tukovw&m;ukd ]]txufr*fPfwYdk u y,fowfonf}} dk f [k qkxm;&m [lorQ ]]txufr*fPfu y,fowfonf}}[k qdaom xdxkd tukovw&m;\ tyg,*reD, d k k kd f paom tzdYk ukd atmufr*fPfwYdk u y,fNyD;omvQif jzpfonf[k odtyf\/ udavom q,fyg;wkYd wif 'd|Eihf 0dpupukd yXr*fPfu y,fowf\? a'goudk wwd, r*fPfu G d S D d y,fowf\? avmb arm[ rme xde O'p t[d&u taemwywYdk udk pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ d rdpw q,fyg;wkYd wif rdpm'd|(rdpm0gpm yg0ifaom) rkom0g' rdpmurE rdpmtmZD0 [laom w&m;wkYd G d ukd yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\/ rdpmouFy (rdpm0gpm yg0ifaom) ydoP0gpmESihf zko0gpm [laom w&m; k wkYd udk wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? t&mum; apwemukomvQif 0gpm-pum; [l odtyf\/ (rdpm0gpm d twGi;0ifaom) oryvmy rdpm0g,mr rdpmowd rdpmorm"d rdpm0drwd rdpm PfwYdkudk pwkwr*fPfu f k y,fowf\/ avmu"Hw&m;Spyg;wkYd wif y#dCac: a'goukd wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\/ tEke,ac: avmbukd f G pwkwr*fPfu y owf\/ ta>ct&Hrsm;jcif;if;? csD;rGr;jcif;if; avmbukd pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\,f f [k {au-tcsKdUq&mwkYd u qkue\/ d k f rp&,ig;yg;wkYd udk yXrr*fnPfu y,fowf\/ d 326 0dyvmowkYd wif rNrJonf NrJonf[if; twr[kwonf tw[if; trSwrm;jcif; [laom G l f l f S onm0dyvmo todrm;jcif;[laom pdw0yvmo t,ltjrif rSm;jcif;[laom 'd|0yvmowkYd uif;? qif;&J S d d d kd csrf;om[lif; rwifw,fonf wifw,fonf[if; t,ltjrifrm;jcif;-'d|0yvmoudif;-Spfyg;aom h h l S d d k 0dyvmowkYd ukd yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\? rwifw,fonf wifw,fonf[k trSwrsm;jcif;-onm0dyvmoESihf h h f todrm;jcif;-pdw0yvmowkYd ukd wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\/ qif;&J csrf;om[k trSwrm;jcif;-onm S d f S 0dyvmoESihf todrm;jcif;-pdw0yvmowkYd ukd pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ S d *Eav;yg;wkYd wif oDvAwy&mrmoum,*EEihf 'Hopmbd eda0oum,*EwYdkukd yXrr*fPfu G S y,fowf\? Asmyg'um,*Eukd wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? tbdZmum,*Eukd pwkwr*fPfuy,fowf\/ t*wdav;yg;wdYk ukd yXrr*fPfuomvQif y,fowf\/ tmoa0gw&m; av;yg;wkYd wif 'd|mo0udk yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\? umrmo0udk wwd,r*fPfu G y,fowf\? b0go0ESihf t0dZmo0wkYd ukd pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ MoC a,m*wkYd vnf; enf;yif wnf;/ eD0&PwkYd wif 0dpupmeD0&Pudk yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\? umrpEAsmyg' ukuK p[aom oH;yg;aom G d d l k eD0&PwkYd ukd wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? xderd'Eihf O'pwYdk ukd pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ S y&mrmoudk yXrr*fPfuomvQif y,fowf\/ Oyg'gef av;yg;wkYd wif avmuDw&m; tvk;pkwYdk uvnf; 0wKumr tvktm;jzifh umr [l G H H dk d a[mxm;aomaMumifh ly&m*ESihf tly&m*onfvnf; umrkyg'gef usa&muf(twGi;0if)\? xkYd aMumifh xkd f umrkyg'gefudk pwkw r*fPfu ywfowf\? <uif;aom Oyg'gefo;yg;wkYd udk yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\/ Hk
157
tEko, ckepfyg;wkYd wif 'd|tEko,ESihf 0dpupmEko,wkYd udk yXrr*fPfuomvQif y,fowf\? G d d d umr&m*gEko,ESihf y#dCmEko,wkYd udk wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? rmemEko, b0&m*gEko, t0dZmEko, wkYd udk pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ rv-tnpftaMu; ok;yg;wkYd wif a'gotnpftaMu;ukd wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? avmbESihf H G arm[ tnpftaMu;wkYd udk pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ tukovuryx q,fyg;wkYd wif ygPmwdygw t'dEm'ge rdpmpm&rkom0g' rdpm'd|[aom ig;yg;wkYd dk f G d l ukd yXrr*fPfu ywfowf\? ydoP0gpm zko0gpm Asmyg'[laom ok;yg;wkYd udk wwd, r*fPfu y,f k H owf\? oryvmyESihf tbdZmwkYd udk pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ tukovf pdwK yg'f wq,fEpyg;wkYd wif 'd|*wor,wf av;yg;ESihf 0dpupmor,wf [laom ig;yg; dk h S f G d k d d k wkYd udk yXrr*fPfu y,fowf\? y#dCor,wEpyg;wkYd udk wwd,r*fPfu y,fowf\? <uif;aom pdwK yg'f k f S f ig;yg;wkYd udk pwkwr*fPfu y,fowf\/ quf Si;OD;tH?h tMuiftukovudk tMuifPfonfy,fowf\? xktukovonf xkPfjzifh y,ftyf f dk f d dk f d aom y[mwArnf\? xkYd aMumifh ]]okYd jyqktyfueNf yD;aom oHa,mZOf tpSueaom xktukovw&m;wkYd udk d k d k f d dk f av;yg;aom r*fPfwYdk onf ,SOoifonftm; (xduonftm;) avsmfpm y,fjcif;udk ywwfue\}}[k f h k f G k f qdcayonf/ k hJ 327 831/ r*fPfwkdYonf xdky[mwAtukovwYdk ukd (y,fuevwfaomf) twdwf tem*wf w&m; kd f k f wkYd ukd y,fueoavm? odYk r[kwf ypKyew&m;wkYd ukd y,fueoavm[k ar;jim;th?H tb,foYkd ar;bdoenf;? k f f k f ar;cGe; jznfpu&ef vdao;\? tu,f twdwf tem*wfw&m;wkYd ukd y,fjim;tH?h (odYk jzpfvQif) tm;xkwjf cif; f h G f k onf tusKd;rSonfom jzpf&m\? tb,haMumifenf;[lr y,ftyfaom twdwf tem*wfw&m;wkYd rSjd cif;aMumifh d f h l wnf;/ odYk r[kwf ypKyew&m;wkYd ukd y,fjim;tH?h xkoYkd jzpfvQifvnf; tm;xkwronf tusKd;rSonfyifjzpf&m\? f d f I d tb,faMumifenf;[lr y,ftyfaom w Yd onf tm;xkwrEihf twlwuG Sae&maomaMumifwnf;/ r*fuyg; h h l &m;wk f I S d h kd G apjcif; (r*bm0em) onfvnf; npf;aMumif; udavomwkYd Eihf ,SOonfaomfvnf; jzpf&m\/ odYk r[kwvQif l S f f udavomwkYd onf pdwEihf r,SOaom 0dy,ww&m;wdYk aomfvnf; jzpfue&m\? odYk aomf pdwEihf r,SOaom f S f k f k f f S f ypKyeuavom rnfonf rSay? onfum; ar;cGe; jznfpu&efvaeaom tcsufwnf;/ ar;cGe;onf f d d f h G f kd f usr;om jyqdaom oD;oefYapm'em r[kway? rSeay\? y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmfyifvQiff k f f d ]]tMuifr*|mef yk*Kd vfonf udavomwkYd ukd y,f\? (xdr*|mefy*Kd vfonf) twdwf k k udavomwkYd ukd y,foavm? tem*wf udavomwkYd udk y,foavm? ypKyeuavomwkYd udk f d y,foavm}}[k ar;NyD;vQif wzeftu,f twdwuavomwkYd udk y,fjim;tH?h xkoYdk jzpfvQif ukeNf yD;ukd ukeap&m f d d f a&muf\? csKyfNyD;ukd csKyfap&ma&muf\? uif;NyD;ukd uif;ap&ma&muf\? uG,aysmufNyD;ukd f uG,aysmuf ap&ma&muf\? vGeavNyD;aom tMuif twdww&m;onf (xkr*fcP) f f f d rSawmhNyD? xkrSawmhaom w&m;ukd y,f&ma&muf\}}[k d d d tjypfjyqkNd yD;vQif ]]twdwuavomwkYd udk y,fonf r[kw}f }[k f d y,fjrpfavNyD/ xkYd twlyif ]]tu,f tem*wfuavomwkYd udk y,fjim;tH?h xkoYdk jzpfvQif rjzpfao;onfudk d d y,f&ma&muf\? ray:ao;onfudk y,f&ma&muf\? rjzpfay:ao;onfudk y,f&ma&muf\?
158
xifm;rjzpfao;onfudk y,f&m a&muf\? ra&mufvmao;aom tMuiftem*wfw&m;onf S (xkd r*fcP) rSao;? xkrSao;aom w&m;ukd y,f&ma&muf\}}[k d d d tjypfjyqkNd yD;vQif ]]tem*wfuavomwkYd udk y,fonf r[kw}f }[k d y,fjrpfavNyD/ xkYd twlyif ]]tu,f ypKyeuavomwkYd udk y,fjim;tH?h xkoYdk jzpfvQif wyfrufvsuf wyfrufrf d d I &m*ukd y,f&m a&muf\? trsufxuvsuf trsufxur-a'goukd y,f&ma&muf\? awGa0 G f G f I vsuf awGa0rI-arm[ukd y,f&ma&muf\? rmefaxmif (awmifwif;)vsuf rmefrmeukd y,f&m h a&muf\? rSm;,Gi;pGm ok;oyfvsuf tjrifrm;rI-'d|ukd y,f&ma&muf\? ysYH vijhf cif;odYk a&muf f H S d G vsuf ysHYvir-O'pukd y,f&ma&muf\? rqH;jzwf ra0cGEijf cif;odYk a&mufvsuf ,Hrm;rIG hf I k J kd k S 0dpupmudk y,f&ma&muf\? jzpfpr;Ediaom tm;pGr;odYk a&mufvsuf jzpfxuaom tEko,udk d d G f k f f kd f y,f&ma&muf\? rnf;npfaom tukovw&m;ESihf jzLpifaom ukovw&m;wdYk onf xrf;yd; kd f kd f k nDwtpHzYJG xm;ukeouJoYkd jzpfue&m\? r*fukd yGg;apjcif;onf npf;aMumif; udavom l k f h k f l wkYd Eihf a&maESm,SOwonf jzpf&m\}}[k S f JG tjypfjyqdNk yD;vQif ]]twdwf udavomwkYd uvnf; y,fonfr[kw?f tem*wf udavomwkYd uvnf; kd kd y,fonf r[kw?f ypKyeuavom wkYd uvnf; y,fonfr[kw}f }[k f d kd tvH;pHukd y,fjrpfNyD;vQif k k ]]xkoYkd jzpfvQif r*fukd yGg;apjcif;onf rSNd yDavm? zdvukd rsufarSmufyjcif;onf rSNd yD d k f avm? udavomudk y,fjcif;onf rSNd yDavm? opmav;yg;w&m;udk odjcif;onf rSNd yDavm}} [laomar;cGe;jyem\ tqH; f k ]]rSonfum; r[kw?f r*fukd yGg;apjcif;onf Say\? zdvukd rsuarSmufyjcif;onf d d k f f Sday\? udavomudk y,fjcif;onf Say\? opmav;yg;w&m;udk odjcif;onf Say\}}[k d d 0efcNH yD;vQif ]]tb,fuJhodkYenf;}}[k ar;vwfaomf atmufygpum;udk a[mMum;awmfr\.... l Oyrmtm;jzifh toD;roD;ao;aom EkysKdaom opfyifonf S&m\? xdopfyifukd wOD; d k aom a,musm;onf t&if; jzwfvJS &m\/ xdopfyif\ rjzpfao;aom toD;wkYd onf jzpfNyD; f k r[kwueromvQif rjzpfvmuke?f ay:NyD;r[kwuef rl omvQif ray:vmuke?f jzpfay:NyD; f k f l f k r[kwueromvQif rjzpfay:vmuke?f xifm;jzpfNyD;r[kwueromvQif xifm;rjzpfay: f k f l S f k f l S vmukeouJoYdk 328 xkYd twlyifvQif ]]jzpfay:jcif;onf udavomwkYd jzpfay:jcif;iSg taMumif; f h wnf; jzpfay:jcif;onf taxmuftyHwnf;}}[k jzpfay:jcif; tjypfujdk rif jzpfay:jcif; h uif;aom edAmef pdwonf ajy;0if\? jzpfay:jcif;uif;aom edAmef pdw\ ajy;0ifjcif; f f aMumifh jzpfay:jcif; [laom taMumif;aMumifjh zpfEiaom udavom wkYd onf jzpfNyD;r[kwuef dk f f k rlomvQif rjzpfvmuke/ ay:NyD;r[kwuef rlomvQif ray:vmuke?f jzpfay:NyD; r[kwuef f f k f k rlomvQif rjzpfay:vmuke?f xifm;jzpfNyD; r[kwueromvQif xifm; rjzpfvmuke/ S f k f l S f okYd vQif taMumif; (udavom)wkYd \ csKyfjcif;aMumifh (jzpfvwHaom) qif;&J'u\ csKyfjcif; h k onf jzpfay\/ jzpfyg;jcif;onf udavomwkYd jzpfay:jcif;iSg taMumif;wnf;/y/ ocFg&edrwf G d
159
onf udavomwkYd jzpfay:jcif;iSg taMumif;wnf;/y/ tm;xkwjf cif;onf udavomwkYd jzpfay: jcif;iSg taMumif;wnf;/y/ tm;xkwjf cif; uif;aom edAmef pdw\ ajy;0ifjcif;aMumifh f tm;xkwjf cif;[laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfEiaom udavomwkYd onf jzpfNyD;r[kwuer dk f f k f l omvQif rjzpfvmuke/y/ xifm;jzpfNyD; r[kwueromvQif xifm;rjzpfvmuke?f okYd f S f k f l S vQif taMumif; (udavom)wkYd \ csKyfjcif;aMumifh (jzpfvwHaom) qif;&J'u\ csKyfjcif;onf h k jzpfay\/ okYd vQif r*fudk yGg;apjcif;onf Say\? zkvudk rsuarSmufyjcif;onf Say\? d d f f d udavomukd y,fjcif;onf Say\? opmav;yg;w&m;udk odjcif;onf Say\? um; ygVd/ d d 832/ ygVdpum;jzifh tb,fukd jyoenf;[lr blrv'rnfaom udavomwkYd ukd y,fjcif;udjk y\/ l d blrv'rnfaom udavomwkYd onfum; twdwwYdk avm tem*wfwYdk avm odYk r[kwf ypKyewYdkavm[lr xdk d f f l udavom wkYd onf blrv'KyEomvQif rnfue\/ d k f 833/ csJYjy&vQif .... jzpfay:onf[k ac:aom OyEonf (1) 0wrme (2) blwmy*w (3) Moumouw (4) blrv'wYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh rsm;aomtjym; S\/ xkdwif Oyg'fXbifoYkd a&mufqjJ zpfaom w&m;tvH;pHonf d f d G D k k 0wrmEkyE (jzpfqOyE) rnf\/ tmkH\ t&omudk cHpm;NyD; csKyfavaomaMumifh (tEkbwmy*w) cHpm;NyD; J l uif;oGm;onf[k qdtyfaom ukovf tukovf w&m;onfif;? Oyg'fXbifoYkd a&mufNyD; csKyfavaomaMumifh k kd kd D (blwmy*wm) jzpfNyD; uif;oGm;onf[qtyfaom <uif;aomocFg&w&m; taygif;onfif; blwmy*wkyE k kd (cHpm;NyD;-jzpfay:NyD; uif;oGm;aom OyE) rnf\/ ]]xdy*Kd vftm; aS;ytyfueNf yD;aom tMuifuwYdk onf Suef k k k H d k \}}[k odYk tpSaom a[menf;jzifh a[mawmfraom uHonf vGeavNyD;aom twdww&m; jzpfjim;aomfvnf; d l f f wyg;aom uH\tusKd; 0dygufukd wm;jrpfNyD;vQif rdr\tusKd; 0dyguftm; tcGihf yvsuf wnfaomaMumifif;? xkoYdk d h d cGihf yNyD;aom 0dygufonf jzpfNyD; jzpfqr[kwjf im;aomfvnf; okYd cGihf ytyfonfaomf {uefpifppftm;jzifh J dS jzpfawmhrnf jzpfaomaMumifif; MoumouwkyE (yNyD;aom jzpfciaomOyE)rnf\/ xkxdk (vlewfponfwYdk \ h G hf dS d cEm [laom) jzpf&mbkH wkYd (t&d,mr*fjzif) t<uif;rJh ry,frEkw&ao;aom tukovonf blrv'KyE (jzpf&m h f dk f d bkudk &aomOyE) rnf\/ H 834/ quf Sif;vif;jyOD;tH?h blrv'KyE [laomyk' jzpf&mbk\if;? jzpf&mbkudk &aom udavom d f H H \if; xl;jcm;onf\ tjzpfudk odtyf\/ csJU jy&vQif .... 0dyem\ tmkjH zpfaom bko;yg; jzpfaom cEm H Hk ig;yg;w&m;wkYd onf blr-jzpf&mbkH rnf\? xkcEmwkYd jzpfxuaom udavom taygif;onf blrv' jzpf&mbkudk d d dk f d H &aom udavomrnf\/ rSeay\? xkuavomtaygif;onf xkjd zpf&mbkudk &(tyf)onf rnf\/ xkYd aMumifh f d d H blrv'[ qktyf\? xkjd zpf&mbkuvnf; tmk\tpGr;tm;jzif& (tyf)onfum; r[kway/ 329 tmkH\ d l d H dk H f h f tpGr;tm;jzifrum; tvk;pkaom twdwf tem*wf cEmwkYd uif;? &[EmwkYd \ yki;jcm; odtyfNyD;aomfvnf; f h l H H dk d f jzpfaom cEmwkYd uif; tmkH y udavomwkYd onf jzpfay:uke\? tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr tSir[mupn; dk f hJ l f f rax&f Oyv0Pfax&DrtpSaom yk*Kd vfwYdk \ cEmwkYd utmkH y aoma&,sola|; eEvviftpSaom olwYdk tm; d dk k d udavomwkYd onf jzpfueouJoYdkwnf;/ xk(olwyg;oEmef jzpfaom udavom)onf blrv'rnfonf tu,f k f h d d jzpfjim;tH?h xkoYdkjzpfvQif xkuavomonf y,fEiaom udavom r[kwaomaMumifh wpHwa,mufaom d d d kd f f k yk*Kd vfrQ b0\ tjrpft&if; jzpfaom udavomudk ry,fEi&m/ pifppfaomfum; jzpf&m0wK\ tpGr;tm;jzifh kd f f blrv' udavomudk odtyf\? rSeay\? tMuif tMuif oEmef 0dyemjzifh ydi;jcm; rodtyfueaom cEm d f k f k f wkYd onf jzpfue\? xdxkd oEmef jzpfonfrp xdcEmwkYd tjrpft&if;jzpfaom udavom taygif;onf k f k S k ude;onf rnf\? xkue;aom udavomtaygif;onf r*fjzifh ry,ftyfao;aom teufoabmaMumifh blrv' f d d f d rnf\ [l odtyf\/ 835/ xdwivnf; tMuifotm; tMuifcEmwkYd ry,ftyfao;aom teufoabmaMumifh ude;onf k G f l f rnfaom udavomwkYd onf Sue\? xdotm; xdcEmwkYd onfomvQif xdue;aornfaom udavomwkYd \ jzpf&m d k f k l k k d f 0wKwnf;? wyg;aom yk*Kd vfwYdk \ Opmjzpfaom cEmwkYd onf xduavomwkYd \ jzpf&m 0wKr[kw?f twdwcEmwkYd k d f ry,ftyfao;onfjzpf ude;onf rnfueaom udavomwkYd \ jzpf&m0wKonf twdwcEmwkYd omvQiwnf;? f k f f f rSwyg;aom tem*wfypKyecEmwkYd r[kwue/ tem*wfcEmponfwYdk vnf; enf;yifwnf;/ xkYd twl f f k f umrm0p&cEmwkYd ry,ftyf ao;onfjzpf ude;onfrnfaom udavomwkYd \ jzpf&m0wKonf umr0p&cEm f wkYd omvQifwnf;? rS wyg;aom lyg0p& tlyg0p& cEmwkYd r[kwue?f lyg0p& tlyg0p&cEmwkYd vnf; f k enf;yifwnf;/
160
aomwmyefy*Kd vf ponfwYdk wirum; tMuif tMuif t&d,myk*Kd vf\ cEmwkYd 0#f\tjrpft&if;jzpfaom k G f l xkxuavomtaygif;ukd xkxt&d,mr*fjzifh y,ftyfavNyD? (xkYd aMumif) xkxt&d,myk*Kd vf\ xkxcEmwkYd onf d dk d d dk h d dk d dk y,ftyfueNf yD;aom xkxdk 0#fjrpfuavomwkYd \ jzpf&m0wKr[kwaomaMumifh blr-bkH [laomtrnfudk r&uke/ k d d f d f ykxZOfrmrlum; 0#fjrpfuavomwkYd udk tcsi;cyfor;yif ry,f&ao;aomaMumifh wpkwckaomtrIudk yonfaomf k S d f d f H dS ukovuaomfif;? tukovuaomfif;jzpf\? xkYd aMumifh xkyxZOfy*Kd vftm; uHEiuavom [laomtaMumif; dk f H dk f H d k k k S hf d aMumifh 0dygu0#fw&m;onf vnfvsujf zpf\? xkyxZOfy*Kd vf\ 0#fjrpfuavomonf lyuEmomvQif d k k k d ude;\? a0'emuEmponfwYdk rude;[lif;/y/ 0dnmPuEmomvQif ude;\? lyuEmponfwYdk rude;[l f f f f if; rqktyfay? tb,faMumifenf;[lr omrntm;jzifh ig;yg;vk;aom cEmwkYd ude;aeonf\ tjzpfaMumifh d h h l H f wnf;/ 836/ tb,foYdk enf;[lr opfyif ajrqDMoZm ponfuoYdk wnf;/ csJUjy&vQif .... BuD;pGmaom l hJ opfyifonf ajrjyif wnf ajrqDMoZmukif; a&qDMoZmukif; rS xka&ajrtqDMoZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh d d D d tjrpf yifpnf uki;BuD; uki;i,f GuEk GuMf urf; tyGihf toD;wkYd jzifh BuD;yGg;vsuf aumif;uift&yfudk jynfapvsuf d f d f f h urm tqk;wkiatmif rsKd;aphtqufqufjzifh opfyiftquftEG,udk Snjf yefYqufpyfapvsuf wnfvwfaomf H d f f xkajrqD MoZm tpSonfonf tjrpfomvQifSd\? yifpnfponfwkdY rSd[lif;/y/ toD;omvQifSd\? d d tjrpfponfwYdk rS[if; rqktyfouJoYdk yifwnf;? tb,faMumifenf;[lr omrntm;jzifh tvk;pkaomtjrpf d l d h h h l H H ponfwYdk tpOf avsmufvsuf Saeonf\ tjzpfaMumifwnf;/ d h cEmtpOfNidr;ykum; .... Oyrmtm;jzifh xkopfyif\ yifvQif tyGitoD; ponfwYdk NiD;aiGUpufqy(vsuf f H d hf k f rvkvm;)aom wpkwa,mufaom a,musfm;onf t&yfav;rsufEmwkYd zm;ql;rnfaom tqdyaom (ig;k;) ql; d H S f dS d udk kuEu&m\? xdrS aemuf 330 xdopfyifonf xdtqdytawGYjzifh awGYxtyfonfjzpf ajrqDMoZm a&qD d f S f k k k f d MoZmwkYd \ ukecef;jcif;aMumifh rwd;yGg; rpnfyifonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf wzefopfyif tpOftquf (oEmef)udk f k jzpfapjcif;iSg rpGr;EdiouJoYkd twlyifvQif cEmwkYd \ jzpfjcif; NiD;aiGYpufqyaom trsKd;om;onf xda,musm; f k f h k f k f \ t&yfav;rsufEmwdYk rS opfyif tqdyukd ,SOapjcif;uJoYkd rdr\oEmef av;yg;aomr*fukd yGg;apjcif;udk S f f h d tm;xkw\? xdraemuf xdtrsKd;om;\ xdcEmtpOfoEmefonf xdav;yg;aom r*fwnf;[laom tqdytawGY f k S k k k f jzifh 0#fjrpfuavomwdYk ukd tcsi;cyfor; ukeapjcif; jzpfaomaMumifh Bud,mtjzpfrQoYkd a&mufaom um,uH d f d f f tpSaom tvH;pHaom uHtjym;Sonf jzpf aemiftcg wzef b0opfjzpfay:jcif; oabmrSonf\ tjzpfoYkd d k k d d a&muf b0wyg; [laom kyemrf cEmtpOfoEmefukd jzpfapjcif;iSg rpGr;Edi?f aemufq; pkwpwcsKyfjcif;jzifh f f k kH d d f avmifpmrSaom rD;uJoYkd pGvrf;rI Oyg'gef uif;onfjzpf oufoufNidr;krQ Nidr;at;oGm;avawmh\/ odkYvQif d h J f H f udavom jzpf&mbH\if;? xdbu&aom blrv' udavom\if;? xl;jcm;onf\tjzpfukd odtyf\/ k k kH kd d 837/ wenf;tm;jzifvnf; ]]jzpfay:onf}}[k ac:aom OyEonf (1) ork'gpm&? (2) tm&rPm"d*[w? h d (3) t0durw? (4) torl[wwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh qdcNhJ yD;rS wyg;vnf; av;yg;tjym;S\? xdav;yg;wkYd wif d f k d k G 0wrmEkyEonfyifvQif ork'gpmkyE (jzpfay:qJ OyE) rnf\/ xdrwyg; puK'Gg& ponfwYdk tm; tmkxifvwf k S H aomf aS;tzkYd (jrifqumvponf) udavom taygif;onf rjzpfao;aomfvnf; tmkuxifm;pGm ,lxm;NyD; J H dk S jzpfaom aMumifomvQif aemuftzkYd (jyefvnfqifjcifaomumv) pifppf{uef jzpfwwfaomaMumifh (xkoYdkaom h d udavom taygif;uk) t&rPm"d*[wyE (tmkudk xifm;pGm ,lxm;NyD;jzpf jzpfay:aeonf rnfaom d d k H S udavom)[l qktyf\/ tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr uvsmPDm qGr;cH<uaom r[mwdrax&ftm; vdioabm d hJ l G f f rwlaom rmwk*gr\ tqif;ukd jrifjcif;aMumifh jzpfay:aom udavom uJoYdk wnf;/ xkrwyg; orx0dyem h d S wkYd wif wyg;yg;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh rcGgtyfao;aom udavomtaygif;onf pdwoEmefoYkd rwufa&mufao;aomf G f f vnf; (xduavom taygif;\) jzpfjcif;udk wm;jrpfwwfaom taMumif;rSaomaMumifh t0durwyE (rcGgtyf k d d d k ao;onfjzpf jzpfay: aeonf[k qdtyfaom udavom) rnf\/ xkrwyg; orx0dyem\ tpGr;tm;jzifh k d S f cGgxm;NyD;jzpfaomfvnf; t&d,mr*fjzifh t<uif;rJh ry,fEwtyf ao;aomaMumifh jzpfjcif;oabmSonf\ tjzpfukd k f d rausmveonf\ tjzpfaMumifh (xkoYdk aom udavomuk) torl[wkyE (t<uif;rJh ry,fEwtyfao;onfjzpf f G f d d k f jzpfay:aeonf (Saeonfrnfaom udavom)[l qktyf\/ tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr ormywfpyg;ukd &onf d d hJ l S f jzpf aumif;uifjzifh <uoGm;aom rax&ftm; yGiaomyef;yifaom O,smOf csKomaomtoHjzifh oDcsi;qkvsuf hf dS d f d yef;wkYd udk cl;aom rmwk *gr\ oDcsif;oHaMumifjh zpfay:aom udavomtaygif;uJoYdk wnf;/ tm&rPm"d*[wyE h d k t0durwyE torl[wkyE rnfaomok;yg;tjym;Saom udavom taygif;ukd blrv' udavomjzifomvQif d k H d d h a&wGutyfonf[k odtyf\/ f
161
838/ okYd qkcNhJ yD;aom tjym;Saom OyErnfaom udavomtaygif;wGif (1) 0wrmEkyE? (2) blwm d d y*wkyE? (3) MoumouwkyE? (4) ork'gpmkyE[qtyfaom av;yg;tjym;Saom OyEonf r*fjzifh y,ftyf k dk d aom udavomr[kwaomaMumifh wpkwckaom Pfjzifaomfvnf; y,ftyfaom (y[mwA) w&m;r[kway/ (1) f H h f blrv'KyE? (2) tm&rPm"d*[wyE? (3) t0durwyE? (4) torl [wkyE[k qktyfaom av;yg;aom OyE d d k d k d udavom\ xkOyE (jzpfay:onf)\ tjzpfudk zsufq;vsuf xkxdk avmuDPf avmukw&mPfonf jzpfay: d D d \? xkYd aMumifh tvk;pkvnf; jzpfaom xkav;yg;aom OyEuavomonf y,ftyfaom (y[mwA) w&m;jzpfay\/ H H d d okYd vQif av;yg;aom r*fPfwYdk wif tMuifPfjzifh tMuiftukovw&m;wkYd udk y,ftyfue\? xkd G dk f k f tukovw&m;wkYd udk xkPfjzifh y,fjcif;ukvnf; odtyfay\/ dk f d d
y&dnmpaomudpukd jyqkdcsuf
331 839/ opmav;yg;ukd odaomtcg y&dnmtpSaom tMuifupwYdk udk a[mtyfue\? xkup d d k f d d tvk;pkwYdk uvnf; [kwreaom oabmtm;avsmfpm odtyfue\-[lonfum;H H dk f S f G k f opmav;yg;udk odaomtcg av;yg;aom r*fPfwYdk wif wyg;yg;aom Pf\ wckwnf;aomcP G y&dnm-ydi;jcm; odjcif; y[me-y,fjcif; opu&,m-rsuarSmufyjcif; bm0em-yGg;apjcif; [laom y&dnm k f d d d f tpSaom av;yg;aom udpwYdk ukd a[mtyfue\? xdav;yg;aom udpwYdk ukd rSeaom oabmtm;avsmfpm d k f k f G odtyfue\? rSeay\? aS;q&mwkYd onf atmufygpum;udk rdeYf que\ ..... k f f kd k f Oyrmtm;jzifh qDr;onf raS;raESmif; wckwnf;aom cP av;yg;aom udpwYdk ukd y\? rD;pmudk D avmifuRr;ap\? tarSmifukd y,fazsmuf\? ta&miftvif;udk tESYH tjym;jy\? qDukd ukeap\? f f twlyifvQif r*fPfonf raS;raESmif; wckwnf;aomcP av;yg;aomopmwkYd ukd xd;xGi; k f od\? 'kuopmudk ydi;jcm; odjcif;[laom xd;xGi; odjcif; (y&dnmbdor,)jzifh xd;xGi; k f k f k f od\? ork',opmudk y,fjcif;[laom xd;xGi; odjcif; (y[membdor,)jzifh xk;xGi;od\? k f d f r*opmudk yGg;apjcif;[laom xd;xGi;odjcif; (bm0embdor,)jzifh xd;xGi;od\? eda&m" k f k f opmudk rsuarSmuf yjcif;[laom xd;xGi;odjcif; (opu&,mbdor,)jzifh xd;xGi;od\ f k f d d d k f tb,foYkd qdvoenf; [lr eda&m"opmrnfaom edAmefukd tmkH yvsuf opmav;yg;vH;wdYk ukd k kd l k a&muf\ jrif\ xd;xGi;od\[k qdvonf? um; aS;q&mwkYd \ pum;wnf;/ k f k kd xdrwyg; atmufygpum;udvnf; (jrwfpmbk&m;) a[mawmfrl (tyf) ao;\ .... k S k G ]]&[ef;wkYd ? tMuify*Kd vfonf 'kuujkd rif\? xdy*Kd vfonf 'ku\ jzpfaMumif; ork',udk k k k vnf;jrif\? 'ku\ csKyf&meda&m"udvnf;jrif\? 'ku\csKyf&m eda&m"odYk qdua&mufaom tusihf k k f y#dy'gudvnf; jrif\ - odYk ponfjzifh tvH;pHukd odtyf\/ k k k xdrwyg;vnf; a[mawmfrl (tyf) onfrm .... k S S r*fEihf jynfpaom yk*Kd vf\ (tMuif)PfonfSd\? Pfonf 'kuvnf;jzpf\? Pfonf 'ku S h Hk jzpfaMumif; ork',vnf; jzpf\? Pfonf 'kucsKyf&m eda&m"vnf; jzpf\? Pfonf 'kucsKyf&m ed&m" okYd qkua&mufaom tusify#dy'gvnf; jzpf\? um; ygVdwnf;/ d f h xkOyrm pum;&yf qDr;onf rD;pmukd avmifuRrf;apouJoYdk twl r*fPfonf 'kuopmukd yki;jcm; d D h d f od\? (qDr;onf)tarSmifudk y,fazsmufouJoYdk twl(r*fPfonf) ork',opmuky,f\? (qDr;onf) D h d D ta&miftvif;ukd tESUH tjym;jyouJoYdk twl (r*fPfonf) o[ZmwtpSaom yp,owd(aus;Zl;yrI)jzifh h d ormouFy tpSaom w&m;taygif;[k qktyfaom r*fuyg;ap\? (qDr;onf) qDudk ukecef;apouJoYdk twl d d dk G D f h (r*fPfonf) udavomuke&m jzpfaom eda&m"opmukd rsuarSmufy\[k okYd OyrmES;aESmjcif;ukd odtyf\/ f f D 840/ wyg;aom enf;um;.... Oyrmtm;jzifh aexGuvwfaomf xifm;ay:onfEihf wydieuf raS;raESmif; f S S f av;yg;aom udpwYdk udk y\? tqif;0wKwkYd udk vif;ap(vsufxifm;ap)\? 332 tarSmifukd y,fazsmuf\? ta&mif S tvif;ukjd y\? tat;ukd Nidr;ap\? twlyifvQif r*fPfonf raS;raESmif; wckwnf;aom cP av;yg;aom f
162
opmwkYd udk xk;xGi;od\? 'kuopmuk/y/ eda&m"opmukd rsufarSmufyjcif;[laom xk;xGi;odjcif;jzifh xk;xGi; d f d d f d f od\/ Oyrmvnf; aeonf tqif;0wKwkYd udk xifm;apouJoYdk twl r*fPfonf 'kuopmukyi;jcm; S h d dk f od\? (aeonf)tarSmifuy,fazsmufouJoYdk twl (r*fPfonf) ork',opmuky,f\? (aeonf) ta&mif dk h d tvif;ukjd youJoYdk twl (r*fPfonf) o[ZmwtpSaom yp,owd (aus;Zl;yrI)jzifh r*fuyg;ap\? (ae h d dk G onf) tat;ukd Nidr;apouJoYdk twl (r*fPfonf) udavom Nidr;&mjzpfaom eda&m"opmukd rsufarSmuf f h f y\[k okYd Oyrm ES;aESmjcif;ukd odtyf\/ D 841/ wyg;aomenf;um; .... Oyrmtm;jzifh avSonf raS;raESmif; wckwnf;aomcP av;yg;aom udp wkYd ukd y\? rSmbufurf;udpeYf \? a&t,Ofujkd zwf\? ypn;b@mudk o,faqmif\? xdrmbufurf;odYk k G f k S uyfa&muf\? twlyif r*fPfonf/ y/ eda&m"opmudk rsuarSmufyjcif;[laom xd;xGi;odjcif;jzifh xk;xGi; f k f d f od\? Oyrmvnf; avSonf rSmbufurf;udk pGeYf ouJoYkd twlyif r*fPfonf 'kuopmudk ydi;jcm; h k f od\? (avSonf) a&t,Ofukd jzwfouJoYkd twlyif ork',opmudk y,f\? (avSonf) ypn;b@mudk h f o,faqmifouJoYdk twlyif o[ZmwtpSaom ypowd (aus;Zl;yrI)jzifh r*fuyg;ap\? (avSonf) xdrm h d kd G k S bufurf;odYk uyfa&mufouJoYkd twl xdrmbufurf; ozG,jf zpfaom eda&m"opmudk rsuarSmufy\[k odkY h k S f Oyrm ES;aESmjcif;udk odtyf\/ D 842/ qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; opmav;yg;udk odaomtcg wckwnf;aomcP av;yg;aom udpwYdk \ tpGr; f tm;jzifh jzpfaom Pfaom xd(r*f)\ wq,fajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh rSeaom oabmtm;jzifh av;yg; dS k h f aom udpwYkd onf waygif;wnf; odtyfaom tjcif;t&m Sue\/ tb,fokdY a[mawmfrloenf; [lrl .... d k f ]]rSeaom oabmtm;jzifh av;yg;aom opmwkYd onf tb,foYkd waygif;wnf; odtyf f aom tjcif;t&m Sueoenf; wq,fajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh rSeaom oabmtm; d k f h f jzifh av;yg;aomopmwkYd onf waygif;wnf;odtyfaom tjcif;t&mSue\/ 'kuopm\ ESypuf d k f d f jcif;oabm aygif;pk ytyfaomoabm ylavmifapjcif;oabm azmufjyefjcif; oabmonf rSeaom oabmaywnf;/ ork',opm\ tm;xkwjf cif;oabm qif;&J\taMumif;oabm f qif;&JEihf ,SOjf cif;oabm aESmif,uwm;jrpfjcif; oabmonf rSeaomoabmaywnf;/ eda&m" S h S f f opm\ xGuajrmufjcif;oabm ocFg&wkYd rS uif;qdwjf cif;oabm rytyfaom (tocFw)oabm f raorysujf cif; (trw-trdu) oabmonf rSeaomoabmaywnf;/ r*opm\ xGuajrmuf f f f aMumif;oabm edAmefoYdk a&mufaMumif;oabm edAmefudk rsuarSmufjrifjcif;oabm tBuD;tr; f jzpfjcif;oabmonf rSeaomoabmaywnf;/ wq,fajcmufyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh f h rSeaom oabmtm;jzifh av;yg;aom opmwkYd udk wckwnf;aom (rSeaom) oabmjzifh a&wGuf f f tyfue\/ tMuifw&m;ukd wckwnf;aom oabmjzifh a&wGutyf\? xkw&m;onf wckwnf; k f f d aom oabmS(aom {uwrnf)\? tMuifw&m;onf wckwnf;aom oabmS\? xkw&m;ukd d d d wckwnf;aom Pfjzifh xk;xGi;od\? okYd vQif av;yg;aomopmwkYd onf waygif;wnf; d f odtyfaom tjcif;t&mSue\}}/ um;ygVd/ d k f 333 843/ xkdygVdawmf pum;&yf ]]'kuopm ponfwkdY\ ESypufjcif; teufoabm ponfrwyg;aom d f S a&m*g tki;trmtpSaom teufoabmwkYd onfvnf; Sueao;onf r[kwygavm? okYd jzpfygvsuf tb,fh d f d d k f f aMumifh av;yg;aom teufoabmwkYd uomvQif a[mtyfygoenf;}}[k ar;jref;apm'emjcif;onf S&m\/ dk d ar;jref; apm'emcsuf ajzSi;jyuket?hH (rdroabmvuPm\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;) tjcm;wyg;aom opmudk f f d f h jrifonf\ tpGr;tm;jzif(if;) xifm;jcif;aMumifh (av;yg;aom teufoabmwkYd uomvQif a[mtyfue\)/ f h S kd k f csJYjy&vQif .... ]]xdkwGif 'ku Pfonf tb,fenf; 'kuopmudk tmkH y tMuifynmonf tMuiftjym; tm;jzifh odjcif;onf jzpfay:\}} odYk tpSaom enf;jzifh wyg;wyg;aom opmudk tmkH yonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh d f vnf; opmPfukd a[m(tyf)\/ ]]&[ef;wkYd ? tMuify*Kd vfonf 'kuopmudjk rif\? xky*Kd vfonf ork',opm k d k udvnf; jrif\}} odYk tpSaomenf;jzifh wyg;aomopmudtmkH y <uif;aomopmwkYd vnf; udpN yD;onf\ k d k tpGr;tm;jzifvnf; opmPfukd a[m(tyf)\/ f h xdwif tMuiftcg wyg;yg;aom opmudk tmkH y\? xdtcg ork',opmudk jrifojzifh rdroabm k G k d tm;jzifh ESypufjcif; vuPmSaom 'kuopm\vnf; (aygif;pkytyfaom teufoabmonf xifm; ay:\ d f d S xifm;ay:yHum;) xd'uopmudk tm;xkwjf cif; vuPmSaom ork',opmu tm;xkwtyf ytyf\ aygif;pk S k k k d f
163
ay;tyf\? xkYd aMumifh xd'uopm\ xdaygif;pk ytyfaom oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ xkYd jyif r*fonf k k k S udavom tyluy,fazsmufwwf\? tvGeat;jr\/ xkYd aMumifh xdr*opmudjk rifojzifh ('kuopm\) ylavmif kd f k apjcif; oabmonf xifm;ay:\? tb,fuoYkd enf;[lr toQieEtm; ewforD;udjk rifojzifh okE&eEm\ S hJ l f D tqif;rvSonf\tjzpf xifm;ay:ouJoYkd wnf;/ xkYd jyif razmufjyefjcif; oabmSaom eda&m"opmudk jrifojzifh S h d xd'uopm\ azmufjyefjcif; oabmonf xifm;ay:\ [laom pum;rSm t&m qdb,yif rSNd yD/ k k S k G f xdYk twl rdroabmtm;jzifh tm;xkwjf cif; vuPmSaom ork', opm\vnf; 'kuopmudk jrifojzifh d d qif;&J\ taMumif;oabmonf xifm;ay:\? tb,fuoYkd enf;[lrl .... roifavsmfaom tpmaMumifjh zpfay:aom S hJ h tema&m*gudk jrifojzifh tpmonf tema&m*g\ taMumif;tjzpf xifm;ouJoYdk wnf;/ ,SOjf cif;uif;aom S h eda&m"opmukd jrifojzifh qif;&JEihf ,SOjf cif;oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ xGuajrmufaMumif; jzpfaom r*opmukd S S f jrifojzifh aESmifuwm;jrpfjcif;oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ h S f S xkYd twl xGuajrmufjcif; vuPmSdaom eda&m"opm\vnf; ocFg&wkYd rS ruif;rqdwaom ork', f f opmukd jrifojzifh ocFg&wkYd rS uif;qdwaom oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ r*opmukd jrifojzifh rytyfaom f S (tocFw) oabmonf xifm;ay:\? rSeay\? a,m*Donf tprxifaom oHo&m t&d,mr*fudk rjrifb; S f l acs? xkt&d,mr*fonfvnf; taMumif;Sonf\ tjzpfaMumifh ytyfaom(ocFw) w&m;omvQif jzpfay\? d d xkYd aMumifh taMumif;rSaom edAmefw&m;\ rytyfaom tocFwtjzpfonf tvGeyifvQif xifm;ay\/ xkYd jyif d f S 'kuopmukd jrifojzifh xkea&m"opm\ raorysujf cif; (trw-trdu)oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ rSeay\ d d f S f 'kuopmonf (vwfwavm aoapwwfaom) tqdyEiw\? edAmefonf (raoapwwfaom) trduaq;ESihf f S hf l f wl\/ xkYd twl xGuajrmufaMumif; vuPmSaom r*opm\vnf; ork',opmukd jrifojzifh ]]wPSm f d avmbonf edAmefoYdk a&mufjcif;iSgtaMumif;r[kw?f r*fonfum; edAmefoYdk a&mufjcif;iSg taMumif;aywnf;}}[k edAmefoYdka&mufaMumif; oabmonf xifm;ay:\/ eda&m"opmukjd rifojzifh edAmefujdk rifjcif;oabmonf xifm; S S ay:\? tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr tvGeorarGUaom tqif;wkYd udk jrifaomoltm; ]]ig\rsufponf txl;ojzifh hJ l f d f d MunfvifaypGwum;}}[k 334 rsufp\ txl;Munfvifonf\tjzpf xifm;ay:ouJoYdk wnf;/ 'kuopmukd d S h jrifojzifh tBuD;tr;jzpfjcif; oabmonf xifm;ay:\? tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr rsm;pGmaom a&m*gwkYd jzifh S hJ l tESypufc&vsuf cdu;&mrJjh zpfaeaom olujkd rifojzifh tpd;&aom ol\jrifjh rwfonf\tjzpf xifm;ouJoYkd d f H k kd k S h wnf;/ odYk vQif opmav;yg;wdYk rdroabmvuPm\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;yg;aom teufoabm xifm; d f S jcif;aMumifif; tjcm;wyg;aom opmudjk rifonf\ tpGr;tm;jzif<h uif;aom oH;yg; oH;yg;aom teufoabmwkYd h f k k xifm;jcif;aMumifif; wyg;wyg;aom opm\ av;yg;av;yg;aom teufoabmwkYd uomvQif a[m(tyfue)\/ S h kd k f r*fcPrlum; tvH;pHaom wq,fajcmufyg;aom teufoabmwkYd onf 'kuopmponfwYdk av;yg;aom k k h udpaom wckwnf;aom PfjzifomvQif xd;wGi; odjcif;odYk a&mufue\/ tMuifq&mwdYk onfum; txl;xl; dS h k f k f aom PfwYdk jzifh odjcif;udk tvdue\? xdq&mwkYd \ 0g' tajzudk tbd"rmyd#u uxm0wK a[mxm;NyD; k dS k f k Sonfomwnf;/ d
y&dnmpaom tjym;udk jyqdkcsuf

844/ ,cktcg y&dnmtpSaom av;yg;aom tMuifupwYkd ukd qdtyfcueNf yD/ d d k hJ k xdkav;yg;aom udpwkdYwGif .... ydi;jcm;odjcif; (y&dnm)onf oH;yg;tjym;S\? y,fjcif; (y[mef)onfvnf; xdYk twl oH;yg; k f k d k tjym;Sd\? rsufarSmufyjcif; (opu&,m)onfvnf; xdYk twl oH;yg;tjym;S\? yGg;apjcif; d d d k d (bm0em)udk ESpyg;tjym; S\[k odtyf\? xdyi;jcm; odjcif; (y&dnm) ponfwYdk f d k kd f tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\/ k 845/ ydi;jcm; odjcif; (y&dnm)onf oH;yg;tjym;S\ [lonfum; wy&dnm wD&Py&dnm k f k d y[mey&dnm[k odYk tm;jzifh ydi;jcm; odjcif; (y&dnm)onf oH;yg;tjym;S\/ xdkwGif ]]aS;Iy odaom k f k d (tbdnm) ynmonf odtyfonfukd odwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh Pfrnf\}}[k odYk tusOf;jyNyD;vQif
164
]]tMuiftMuif w&m;wkdYukd aS;Iy odtyfukef\ (xl;aomPfjzifh odtyfue\)? xkxw&m;wkYd onf k f d dk odtyfaomaMumifh w rnfue\}}[k okdYtusOf;tm;jzifhif; ]]&[ef;wkdY? tvkH;pkHukd aS;Iy odtyf\? &[ef; k f wkdY? tb,ftvkH;pkHukd aS;Iy odtyfoenf; &[ef;wkYd ? rsufpudk aS;Iy odtyf\}} okdY tpSdaomenf;jzifh d tus,ftm;jzifif; a[mxm;aom tbdnmynmonf (odtyfonfudk yki;jcm; odaomaMumif) wy&dnm h d f h rnf\/ xkwy&dnm\ oD;jcm;jzpf&m bke,fy,fonf taMumif;ESiwuG emrfyudk odaom Pfwiatmif d H hf k f dk f jzpfay\/ 846/ xkrwyg; ]]yki;jcm;odaom (y&dnm)ynmonf pl;prf;qifjcifwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh Pf d S d f rnf\}}[k okYd tusOf;jyNyD;vQif ]]tMuiftMuifw&m;wkYd udk yki;jcm; odtyfue\? xkxw&m;wkYd onf pl;prf; d f k f d dk qifjciftyfaom w&m;rnfue\}}[k okYd tusOf;tm;jzifif; ]]&[ef;wkYd tvk;pkudk yki;jcm; odtyf\/ &[ef; k f h H H d f wkYd / tb,ftvk;pkudk yki;jcm;odtyfoenf; &[ef;wkYd ? rsupudk yki;jcm; odtyf\/ okdY tpSdaomenf;jzifh H H d f f d d f tus,tm;jzifif; a[mxm;aom y&dnmynmonf (pl;prf;qifjcifvsuf yki;jcm; odaomaMumif) wD&Py&dnm f h d f h rnf\/ uvmyoroePfrp ]]tedp 'ku tew}}[k pl;prf;qifjcifonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifjh zpfaom xkw&P S f d D y&dnm\ toD;tjcm;jzpf&m bke,fy,fonf tEkavmrPfwiatmif jzpfay\/ H dk f 847/ xkrwyg; ]]y,fwwfaom (y[me) ynmonf pGeYf y,fwwfaom teufoabmaMumifh Pfrnf\}} d S [k okYd tusOf;jyNyD;vQif ]]tMuiftMuifw&m;wkYd udk y,ftyfue\/ xkxw&m;wkYd onf pGeYf y,ftyfaom w&m; k f d dk rnfue\}}[k okdY 335 tus,ftm;jzifh a[mxm;aom ]]tedpmEkyemjzifh edponmuky,f\}} okdY k f d tpSaom enf;jzifjh zpfaom y[meynmonf (y,ftyfonfudk y,fvsuf yki;jcm;odaomaMumif) y[mey&dnm d d f h rnf\/ xdy[mey&dnm\jzpf&m bHe,fy,fonf b*FgEkyemPfrp r*fPfwiatmif jzpfay\/ y[me k k S kd f y&dnmudk t&m tvdkSdtyf\/ wenf;um; wy&dnm wD&Py&dnmwdYk onfvnf; xdy[mey&dnm twGuomvQif jzpfue\? xkYd jyif k f k f tMuifw&m;wkYd ukd y,f\ xdy,ftyfaom w&m;wkYd onf ude;aorkcstm;jzifh odtyfNyD;wdYk vnf; jzpfue\? pl;prf; k f k f qifjciftyfNyD;wkYd vnf; jzpfue\? xkYd aMumifh enf;y&d,m,ftm;jzifh y&dnmoH;yg;vH;udvnf; r*fPf\ udp k f k k k [l odtyf\/ 848/ y,fjcif; (y[mef)onfvnf; xdYk twl [lonfum; y[mefonfvnf; 0durey[mef w'*Fy[mef orkap'y[mef [l y&dnmuJoYkd oH;yg;yifvQif tjym;S\/ xkdwGif arSmaoma& ypfcsvduaomtk;jzifh arSmukd h k d f dS k f d f uGmap Sapjcif;uJoYkd xdxavmuDorm"djzifh eD0&P tpSaom qefYusifbufw&m;wkYd ukd tMuify,fcgjcif;onf J h k dk d G Sd\? y,fcgjcif;onf 0durey[mef (uGmapvsuy,fjcif;) rnf\/ y#dor'gr*fygVdum; ]]0durey[mef G f d onfum; yXrpsmefukd yGg;apaom ol\eD0&PwdYk ukd y,fcgjcif;aywnf;}}[k eD0&PwkYd uomvQif y,fcgjcif;udk G kd G a[mawmfrl (tyf)\? xdpum;udk ]]xifm;aomaMumifh a[monf}}[k odtyf\/ rSeay\? eD0&PwkYd onf psmef\ k S f aS;tzdYk if; aemuftzdYk if; kww&uf vsifjrefpm pdwuvr;rd; rjzpfue?f 0dwufpaom qefYusibuf f G f kd T f k k f w&m;wkYd onfum; psmef0ifpm;qJ cPomvQirjzpfyJ uif;uGmuke\? xkYd aMumifh eD0&PwkYd ukd y,fcgjcif;onf f f G xifSm;\/ 849/ xdrwyg; nOftzdYk nxe;aom qDr;jzifh trdutarSmifukd y,fjcif;uJoYdk 0dyem\ tpdwjf zpf k S h d G f D k f h aom xdxPfwpdwjf zifh qefYusifbuf\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif xdxy,foifaom w&m;udk tMuify,fjcif;onf k kd f h k dk h Sd\? y,fjcif;onf w'*Fy[ef (xduovf wpdwjf zifh tukovwpdwukd y,fjcif;) rnf\/ if;rSm tb,f k k kd dk f f enf;[lr emrlyy&dap'Pfjzifh (xifm;Saomw&m;taygif; tw[,qaom) oum,'d|uy,fjcif;? yp, l S d k l d dk y&d*[Pfjzifh (taMumif;rS[,aom) ta[wku'd|Eihf (zefqif;olpaom rSm;aomtaMumif;ukd ,kMH unf d k l d S ,lqaom) 0dora[wk'|uif; ,krm;rItnpftaMu;ukif;y,fjcif;? uvmyoroePfjzifh ig ig\Opm[k d d dk H S d taygif;vkduftm;jzifh ,ljcif;uky,fjcif;? r*frer*frm;ukd yki;jcm;aomPfjzif?h vrf;rSer[kwonf vrf;rSe[k d S f S d f f f f xifaom trSwonmuky,fjcif;? tjzpfujdk rifao Pfjzifh jywfpt,l-Oap''d|uy,fjcif;? tysuudk jrifaom f d J d dk f Pfjzifh wnfNrJt,l-ow'd|uy,fjcif;? aMumufz,ab;[kxifaomPfjzifh ab;Saom kyemrfw&m; d dk G f d f taygif; ab;rS[k xifaomtrSwonmukd y,fjcif;? tjypfujI rifaomPfjzifh om,mbG,[k xifaomtrSwf d f dk f onmuky,fjcif;? NiD;aiGUvsuaom edA'gEkyemjzifh aysmarGUbG,[xifaom trSwonmuky,fjcif;? pGeYf vwf d f I d f f k f d T vkaom rkOwurswmPfjzifh pGeYf vwjf cif;iSg tvkrSonf\tjzpfuy,fjcif;? wzef Ivsufoaom y#docFg d d k T d d dk d
165
Pfjzifh wzefrIrodjcif;uky,fjcif;? tnDtrQ vspfvsLIaomPfjzifh tnDtrQ vspfvsLrIjcif;uky,fjcif;? d d tEkavmrPfjzifh (r*) opm\ qefYusibuf (NrJaom tjcif;t&mponf)tm;jzifh ,ljcif;ukd y,fjcif;wkYd aywnf;/ f wenf;tm;jzifh wq,fpyg;aom r[m0dyemwkYd wif tedpmEkyemjzifh edponmuky,fjcif;? h S f G d 'kumEkyemjzifh okconmuky,fjcif;? tewmEkyemjzifh twonmuky,fjcif;? edA'gEkyemjzifh ESpouf d d d f aysmarGUrI uky,fjcif;? 0d&m*gEkyemjzifh wyfrufr-&m*uky,fjcif;? 336 eda&m"mEkyemjzifh jzpfay:jcif;ukd f d I d y,fjcif;? y#de*gEkyemjzifh ,ljcif;ukd y,fjcif;? c,mEkyemjzifh wvk;wcJwnf; wuk,wnf; wa,muf d H d f wnf;[k xifaom Ceonmuky,fjcif;? 0,mEkyemjzifh tm;xkwjf cif;uky,fjcif;? 0dy&dPmrmEkyemjzifh ckichH d d d f onf[k xifaom "k0onmuky,fjcif;? tedrwmEkyemjzifh NrJonfy[ef oEmeferwuy,fjcif;? tyP[wm d d h Hk d d f dk d d Ekyemjzifh awmifwrI-wPSmuky,fjcif;? oknwmEkyemjzifh twaumif igaumif[k NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi;jcif;ukd h d G Hk f y,fjcif;? t"dynm"r0yemjzifh tESponf[k ,laom ESv;oGi;jcif;udy,fjcif;? ,xmblwPftjrifjzifh d f dS kH f k jyif;pGm awGa0aom ESv;oGi;rIukd y,fjcif;? tm'De0gEkyePfjzifh wG,wmvsuf ESv;oGi;rIuy,fjcif;? kH f f kH f kd y#docFgEkyemjzifh wzef rIrodaom arm[udy,fjzif;? 0d0Ekyemjzifh ,SOwvsuf ESv;oGi;rIukd y,fjcif;? k f JG kH f wq,fpyg;aom y,fjcif;onfvnf; w'*Fy[mefomvQif jzpfonf/ h S f 850/ xdwq,fpyg;aom r[m0dyemwkYd wif tedpmEkyem tpSaom ckepfyg;aom tEkyemwkYd k h S f G d jzifh edponmponfwYdk ukd y,fykH tjcif;t&mudk b*FPft&m qdcNhJ yD;omvQif jzpf\/ k c,mEkyem [lonfum; CetpditcJ cGzsufjcif;udk y ukejf cif;teuf oabmaMumifh rNrJ[k odYk k f J ukejf cif;udk Ijrifaomol\ Pfaywnf;? xdPfjzifh wvH;wcJwnf; wud,wnf; wa,mufwnf;[k xifaom k k k f Ceonmudy,f\/ k 0,mEkyem [lonfum; ..... (jrifNyD;aom) tmkoYkd tpOfvuojzifh (jrif& rjrif&tm;jzif) ESpyg;aom tmkwYdk ukd wrsKd; H kd f h f H wnf;aom oabmtm;jzifh ydi;jcm;jcif;if; csKyfjcif; ESv;oGi; (Twui;)jcif;if; ( k f kH f f kd f t*FgESpyg;ESihf jynhpaomynmonf) tysufvuPmudaom 0,vuP0dyem rnf\ f f kH k I [kodYk a[mxm;onf ESitnD rsufarSmufotm;jzifif;? rsufarSmufooYkd tpOfvu qifjcifaom tEkrmetod hf d h d kd f tm;jzifif; ocFg&wdYk \ ysujf cif;ukjd rif xkysujf cif;[kqtyfaom csKyfjcif;omvQif ESv;oGi; nTwui;onf\ h d dk Hk f f dk f tjzpfwnf;? xktEkyemjzifh (BuD;yGg;csrf;om&ef) tm;xkwjf cif;ukd y,f\/ rSeay\? tMuifocFg&wkYd \tusKd;iSg d f tm;xkw&m\? ]]xkocFg&wkYd onf okYd ysufjcif;oabmSue\}}[k odjrifaom yk*Kd vf\pdwonf (xkocFg&wkYd f d d k f f d twGu) tm;xkwjf cif; rnTwui;awmhNyD/ f f dk f 0dy&dPmrmEkyem [lonfum; lyowuponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh xkxtyki;tjcm; umvukd ausmfvef f d dk d f G vwfaomf wyg;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfjcif;ukd Ijrifjcif;wnf;? wenf;um; jzpfay:NyD;aom w&m;\ tkrif; d &ifa&mfjcif;ESihf aojcif;[laom ESpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh ajymif;vJazmufjyefonfudk Ijrifjcif;wnf;? xkd h f tEkyemjzifh ckiconf[k xifaom "k0onmukd y,f\/ d f hH tedrwmEkyem [lonfum; tedpmEkyemyifwnf;/ xktEkyemjzifh NrJonfy[ef toGioEmef d d h Hk f taetm;jzifh xifaom edperwudk y,f\/ d d f tyP[wmEkyem [lonfum; 'kumEkyemyifwnf;? xktEkyemjzifh csr;omukd awmifwaom d d d f h wPSmukd y,f\/ oknwmEkyem [lonfum; tewmEkyemyifwnf;? xktEkyemjzifh twaumifonf[k NrJNrHpm d dS G ESv;oGi;jcif;ukd y,f\/ Hk f 337 t"dynm"r0yem [lonfum; .... d
166
tmkuvnf; (ysufonf[) odNyD; (Iaompdw\) tysufukdvnf; wzef\? twrS H dk k f I qdwoO;aom tm;jzifvnf;xif\? (t*Fgok;yg;ESihf jynfpaomynmonf) vGeuaom f k f h H h Hk f J 0dyem ynmjzpfaomaMumifh t"dynm 0dyemrnf\[k.... odYk a[mxm;onf ESifhtnD kyftpSdaom tmkHudk odNyD; xdktmkH\if;? xdtmkukd tmkH yaom pdw\if; k H f tysufujkd rif ]]ocFg&wkYd onfomvQif ysufp;uke\? ocFg&wdYk \omvQif aojcif;aywnf;? ocFg&wkYd rS wyg;aom D f aowwfysufwwfaomol rnfonf wpHwa,mufrQ rS}d }[k ysufjcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh twrS qdwoO;onfukd k f f k f ,ljzpfaom 0dyemwnf;/ xd0yemonf vGeuaom ynmvnf; [kw\? kyemrfw&m;wkYd Iaom k d f J f f 0dyemvnf; [kw\-ESpyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh t"dynm"r0yem[k ac:qdtyf\? xd0yemjzifh f f d k k d NrJaom tESprSjd cif;udif;? twaumif[aom tESprSjd cif;udif; aumif;pGm jrifaomaMumifh tESp[k ,laom f k l f k f ESv;oGi;jcif;udk y,f\/ kH f ,xmblw Pftjrif [lonfum; taMumif;ESihf wuGaom emrfyukd odr;qnf;aom Pfwnf;? xdk k f f Pfjzifh ]]igonf twdwf t"GeYf umv Scavoavm}}[k odYk ponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; ]]&ac:aom d hJ f h ydiif xm0&bk&m;ocifaMumifh avmuonfjzpfay:\}}[k odkY ponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; jzpfaom jyif;pGm k f S f h awGa0vsuf ESv;oGi;jcif;udk y,f\/ kH f tm'De0gEkyem [lonfum; b,wky|mePf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tvH;pHaom b0ponfwYdk tjypf f k k jrifaomPfwnf;? xdPfjzifh wG,wmzG,ukd wpHwckrQ rjrifaomaMumifh wG,wmvsuf ESv;oGi;jcif;udk k f f k f kH f y,f\/ y#docFgEkyem [lonfum; pGeYf vwjf cif;\ NyD;ajrmufaMumif;udk yaom y#docFg Pfwnf;? xdPfjzifh T k wzef rIrodjcif;udk y,f\/ 0d0mEkyem [lonfum; ocFgkayumPfEihf tEkavmrPfaywnf;? rSeay\? xk(ocFgkayumESihf S f d tEkavmrPfwYdk jzpfaom)tcg xka,m*D\pdwudk ]]pOf;i,fui;Ii;aom y'krmMumzuf a&aygufuoYdk tvk;pkH d f dk f d f hJ H aom ocFg&w&m;taygif;rS wGeYf \ IHU\ jyefepf\}}[l a[mawmfrl\? xkYd aMumifh xktEkyemjzifh ,SOwvsuf d f JG ESv;oGi;jcif;uky,f\? umr*kPEihf ,SOwjJG cif; tpSaom udavomjzifh ESv;oGi;jcif;-udavomjzpfjcif;uky,f Hk f d f S f d Hk f d \? um; qkv&if;teuf/okYd vQif tus,ftm;jzifh w'*Fy[mefudk odtyf\/ y#dord'gr*fygVdawmfum; d dk ]]w'*Fy[mefonfum; udavomukd azmufcjJG cif; tzkYd aom 0dyemorm"dudk yGg;apaomyk*Kd vf\ rdpmt,lwYdk udk dS y,fjcif;aywnf;}}[l tusOf;tm;jzifomvQif a[mawmfr\/ h l 851/ xkrwyg; rk;ud;jzifh xdyg;ESypufc&aom opfyifonf wzef rpnfyif rBuD;yGg;EkiouJoYdk t&d,m d S d d f H d f h r*fPfjzifh oHa,mZOftpSaom tukovw&m;wkYd udk wzef rjzpfyg;Ekiatmif tMuify,fjcif;onf\? d dk f G d f dS y,fjcif;onf orkap'y[mef (t<uif;rJh y,fjcif;) rnf\? ,if;orkap'y[mefudk &nf ]]orkap'y[mefonfum; avmukw&mjzpfaom (udavomuke&m edAmefoYdkqua&mufaom) c,*grdr*fudk 338 yGg;apaom t&d,myk*dK vf f dk f \ y,fjcif;aywnf;}}[k a[mawmfr\/ qkcNhJ yD;aom tjym;tm;jzifh ok;yg;aom y[mefwYdk wif orkap'y[mef l d H G ukdomvQif t&m tvkdSdtyf\/ okYd aomfvnf; xka,m*D\ aS;tzkYd 0durey[mef w'*Fy[mefwYdk onfvnf; d xkorkap'y[mef twGuomvQif jzpfue\? xkYd aMumifh y[mefo;yg;vk;ukvnf; enf;y&d,m,ftm;jzifh r*f d f k f Hk H d Pf\ udp[k odtyf\/ rSeay\? &eforif;ukd owf rif;tjzpfoYdk a&mufaomolonf rif;jzpfonfrS aS;umv f l (rif;rjzpfrumvu) ycJaom trItvk;pkH ukvnf; ]]rnf rnfaom trIuvnf; rif;onf y(tyf)\}} [l D h H d dk omvQif ajymqktyfay\/ d 852/ rsuarSmufyjcif; (opu&,m)onfvnf; .... [lonfum; avmuDjzpfaom rsufarSmufyjcif; f d d d avmukw&mjzpfaom rsuarSmufyjcif;[l ESpyg;omtjym;Saomfvnf; avmukw&mjzpfaom rsuarSmufyjcif; f f d f onf ('e) jrifjcif;ESihf (bm0em) yGg;apjcif;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ESprsK;uGjJ ym;jyefaomaMumifh rsuarSmufyjcif; f f d f (opu&,m)onf oH;yg;tjym;S\/ xdkwGif ]]yXrpsmefudk ig&\ Edieif;\? yXrpsmefukd igrsufarSmufyNyD;NyD}} d d d k d k f odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifvmaom yXrpsmefponfwYdkukd awGYjcif;onf avmuDjzpfaom rsuarSmuf yjcif;rnf\/ h f awGYjcif;[lonfum; a&mufNyD;odNyD;vQif ]]w&m;udk ig&tyf odtyfayNyD}}[k rsufarSmufPfawGYtm;jzifh awGYjcif; wnf;/ rSeay\? teufukd yifvQif &nf ]]rsufarSmufyaom ynmonf awGYjcif;teufoabmaMumifh Pf f
167
rnf\}}[k tusOf;jyNyD;vQif ]]tMuiftMuif w&m;wkYd ukd rsufarSmufyjcif;udk tus,fjy&mjzpfaom opu&,m d d d eda'oudk a[mawmfr\/ l wenf;tm;jzifh rdr\oEmef rjzpfaprlaomfvnf; tMuifw&m;wkYd ukd olwyg;vQif taMumif;rSaom d d ud,wioaomPf oufoufjzifh odtyfue\? xdw&m;wkYd onf rsuarSmuf ytyfNyD; jzpfue\/ xkYd aMumifyif k f kd f d k f k f k f h vQif ]]&[ef;wkYd ? tvHpukd rsufarSmufytyf\? &[ef;wdYk ? tb,ftvH;pHukd rsufarSmufytyfoenf;[lr &[ef;wdYk k kH k k l rsufpukd rsufarSmuf ytyf\}} odkY tpSdonfukd a[mawmfr\/ d l xdrwyg;vnf; ]]kyujkd rifvsuf rsufarSmufy\/ a0'emud/ y/ 0dnmPfukd jrifvsuf rsufarSmufy\/ k S f k rsufpu/ y/ tdjk cif;aojcif;ud/ aojcif;uif;aom trduw&m; ouf0ifaom edAmefukd jrifvsuf rsufarSmufy\}} d kd k f [lif;? ]]tMuiftMuif w&m;wkYd ukd rsufarSmufytyfue\? xdxw&m;wkYd onf awGYxtyfNyD; jzpfue\}} [lif; k f k kd d k f a[mawmfr\/ l xdrwyg; yXrr*f cP edAmefukd jrifjcif;onf 'e opu&,m - (jrifaomtm;jzifh rsuarSmufyjcif;) k S d d d f rnf\/ <uif;aomr*f cPwkYd edAmefujdk rifjyefjcif;onf bm0emopu&,m (yGg;apaomtm;jzifh rsuarSmufyjcif;) d d d f rnf\/ ESpyg;vk;aom xkd avmukw&mjzpfaom rsufarSmufyjcif;ukd t&m tvktyf\/ xkYd aMumifh ('e) f H d dS jrifjcif; (bm0em)yGg;apjcif;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh edAmefursufarSmufyjcif;onf r*fPf\ udpj zpfonf[ f dk l odtyf\/ 339 853/ yGg;apjcif; (bm0em) ukd ESpyg;tjym;S\ [kotyf\ [lonfum; avmuDbm0em f d d avmukw&m bm0em[l ESpyg;aom bm0emwkYd uomvQif tvktyf\/ xkwif avmuDjzpfaom oDv orm"d f dk d dS d G ynmwkYd udk jzpfapjcif;onfif;? xkavmuD oDv orm"d ynmwkYd jzifh pdwtpOfoEmefudk xkapjcif;onfif; avmuD d f H bm0emrnf\/ avmukw&mjzpfaom oDv orm"d ynmwkYd udk jzpfapjcif;onfif;? xkavmukw&m oDv orm"d d ynmwkYd jzifh pdwtpOfoEmefudk xkapjcif;onfif; avmukw&m bm0emrnf\? xkEpyg;wkYd wif t&m f H d S f G avmukw&m bm0emukd tvktyf\? rSeay\? avmukw&mjzpfaom oDvponfwYdkudk av;yg;vk;aom r*f d dS f H Pfu jzpfay:ap\? tb,faMumifenf;[lr xkavmukw&m oDvponfwYdkonf o[Zmwypn; ponf h h l d f jzpfaomaMumifh aywnf;/ xkYd jyif xkavmukw&m oDvponfwYdkjzifh rdr\ pdwtpOf oEmefuvnf; xkapwwf\? d d f dk H taMumif; ESpyg;aMumifh avmukw&m bm0emonfomvQif xkr*fPf\ udpj zpfonf/ okdYvQif .... f d opmav;yg;ukd odaomtcg y&dnmtpSaom tMuifupwYdk udk a[mtyfue\? xkup d d k f d d tvk;pkwYdk uvnf; [kwreaom oabmtm;avsmfpm odtyfue\/ H H dk f S f G k f rQ (aom pum; tpOf)jzif.h ... ]]ynmSaom vlonf oDv wnf pdwuif;? ynmukif; yGg;apaomf}}[k d f dk d okYd okytm;jzifyifvQif aqmifjytyfaom ynmbm0em\ tpDt&ifudk jyjcif;iSg ]]rlv tajctjrpf jzpfueaom f h k f 0do'd ESpyg;wkYd udk jynfpap ud,xnfjzpfueaom 0do'ig;yg;wkYd ukd jynfpapvsuf (0dyemynmud) yGg;ap k f h kH k f k f k d h kH k tyf\}} [l tMuifpum;udk (cEea'o) igqdcNhJ yD? xdpum;udk (,cktcg) tus,fcsJY jyNyD;jzpfavNyD/ ]]tb,f d k k odYk yGg;aptyfoenf;}} [laom jyemudvnf; ajzqdNk yD; jzpfavNyD/ k onfum; olawmfaumif;wkYd \ ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif;tusK;iSg pD&if(tyf)aom 0do'r*f usr;0,f ynm f d hf d k d f bm0emt&m P'e 0do'tus,fjycsuf (P'0do'ea'o) rnfaom ESpq,fEpcajrmufjzpfaom k d k d f h S f k tydi;tcPf;aywnf;/ k f
P'e0dok'd tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
168
23-ynmbm0emtmedooudk tus,jf yqdcsuf H k

tmedoifudkjyqdkcsuf
340 854/ ynmudk yGg;apjcif; (ynmbm0em)\ tusKd;um; tb,fenf; [laom ar;cGe;udk aS; qdcNhJ yD? f k xdar;cGe; ajzqduet/ ynmudk yGg;apjcif;-ynmbm0emonf t&mrursm;pGmaom tusKd;tmedoif S\/ xdk k f k k f hH d ynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoifukd Snpmaom t"GeYf umv jzifaomfvnf; tus,fjy&ef cJ,Of;\/ tusOf;tm;jzifh f G h rlum; (1) trsKd;rsKd;aom udavomwkYd ukd zsufq;jcif;? (2) t&d,mzdv\ t&omudk cHpm;&jcif;? (3) eda&m" D k f ormywfukd 0ifpm;Edijf cif;? (4) ta0;rS aqmif,c ylaZmfxuaom tm[kae,s yk*Kd vftjzpf ponf NyD;pD;jcif; k l hJ dk f [laom tusKd;taygif;udk xdynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoif[k odtyf\/ k
trsKd;rsKd;aom udavomudk zsufqD;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf

855/ xdwif emrlyy&dap'Pfrp oum,'d|d ponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh trsKd;rsKd;aom udavom k G S f wkYd ukd zsufq;jcif;udk qkcNhJ yD? oum,'d|d tpSaom udavomtrsKd;rsKd;udk zsufq;jcif;onf avmuDynm D d d D bm0em\ tusKd;tmedoifjzpfonf/ t&d,mr*fcP oHa,mZOfponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh trsKd;rsKd;aomudavom f wkYd udk zsufq;jcif;ukd qkcNhJ yD? oHa,mZOf tpSaom udavom trsKd;rsKd;ukd zsufq;jcif;onf avmukw&mynm D d d D bm0em\ tusKd;tmedoifjzpfonf[k odtyf\/ aMumufrufz,f t[kejf zifh vsipmusaom rk;ud;onf(BuD;pGmaom)ausmufawmifwYdkudk G f G d zsufq;ouJoYdk if;? av\t[kejf zifh jzpfay:aom awmrD;onf awmtkyudk zsufq;ouJoYdk D h f D h if; rdr\ a&mifjcnfwefc;jzifh awmufyaom a&mifjcnf0ef;Saom aerif;onf trkuarSmifudk d dk d d f zsufq;ouJoYdk if;? Snjf rifpmaom umvywfv; (cEmtpOfoEmef) usa&mufvsufaom D h h G Hk dS tvk;pkaom tusKd;rJudk pD&ifwwf jzpfapwwfaomudavom wnf;[laom uGe&ufudk H H h f yGg;aptyfaom ynmonf zsufq;wwf\? xkYd aMumifh rsuarSmuf awGUjrif&aom (udavom D f ukd zsufq;jcif;[laom) tusKd;tmedoifudk ynmbm0em t&m od&m\/ D
zvormywfukdjyqkdcsuf
856/ t&d,mzkv\ t&omukcpm;&jcif; [lonfum; oufouf udavomukd zsuq;jcif;omvQif d f d H f D r[kwao;? t&d,mzkv\ t&omukd cHpm;&jcif;onfvnf; ynmbm0em\ tusKd; tmedoifaywnf;/ t&d,mzdvf f d f k [lonfrm aomwmywzvf tpSaom omrnzdvukd qdonf/ xdt&d,mzdv\ t&omudk cHpm;jcif;onf r*f S d kd d k f k k k f 0Dxif;/ zvormywf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfaomtcgif; okYd ESpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh jzpf\/ xkdwGif d f f r*f0x xdt&d,mzdv\ jzpfyukd jycJNh yD;omvQif jzpfayonf/ D d k k f kH 341 857/ wenf;tm;jzifhvnf; ]](r*f\tusKd;) zdvrnfonfum; oHa,mZOfwYdkukd y,fjcif;rQomvQif k f jzpfonf? xdrwyg; wpHwckaom w&m;rnfonf rS}d } [l tMuif (tEu*dP;om; tpSaom) q&mwkYd onf k S k k f d qdue\? xdq&mwkYd tm; ESpouf oabmusapjcif; tusKd;iSg qdvwHaom y#dor'gr*fygVdukd jytyf\/ k k f k f k h d ]]tb,foYkd vQif t&d,mr*f[aom ya,m*aMumifh udavomwkYd \ Nidr;jcif; l f ynmonf zdvPf rnfoenf; aomwmywdr*fcP edAmefudk jrifjcif;teufoabm k f aMumifh orm'd|onf rdpm'd|rS x\? xkrpm'd|oYdk tpOfvuaom udavomwkYd rif; cEmwkYd d d d d d dk f S rSif; x\? tjyify rnfaom tvk;pkaom ocFg&edrwwYdk rvnf;x\? xkaomwmywr*f H H d f S d d [laom xjcif; ya,m* Nidr;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh orm'd|onf jzpfay:\? orm'd|onf f d d r*f\ tusKd; zkvaywnf;}} okYd ponfjzifh csJU odtyf\/ d f ]]bko;yg; twGi;r0ifueaom av;yg;aomr*f wkYd onfif;? av;yg;aom omrn H Hk f k f
169
zkvwYdk onfif; (Sue\)? w&m;wkYd onf twki;tSnrSaom edAmefvQif tmkaom d f d k f d f f d H dS w&m;wkYd rnfue\}}/ ]]r[*Kwfw&m;onf twkdif;tSnfrSdaom tyrmPw&m;tm; teE& k f yp, owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\}} okYd tpSaom pum;wkYd onfvnf; t&m NyD;apwwfaom d oufao om"u jzpfue\/ k f 858/ zkv0ifpm;aomtcg xkd zkv\ jzpfyudk jyjcif;iSg atmufygrSm ar;cGe; jyemjzpfonf/ d f d f Hk f (u) zvormywf [lonf tb,fenf;? (c) xkd zvormywfudk tb,fy*Kd vfwYdk onf 0ifpm;ukeoenf;? tb,f yk*Kd vfwYdk onf r0if k f pm;ukeoenf;? f (*) tb,faMumifh 0ifpm;ukeoenf;? f (C) xdormywfukd tb,foYkd 0ifpm;ukeoenf;? (if;onf tb,foYkd wnfoenf;? (if;rS) k f tb,foYkd xoenf;/ (i) zdv\ tjcm;rJh jzpfaom w&m;um; tb,fenf;? zdvonf tb,fw&m;\ tjcm;rJh jzpf k f k f oenf;/ 859/ xdwif (u) zvormywf [lonf tb,fenf; [laom ar;cGe; csKyfNidr;&m (edAmef)odYk t&d,m k G f f zdv\ a&mufjcif;onf zvormywf-zdv0ifpm;jcif; rnf\/ k f k f 860/ (c) xdzvormywfukd tb,fy*Kd vfwYdk onf 0ifpm;ukeoenf;? tb,f yk*Kd vfwYdk onf r0ifpm;ukef k k f oenf; [laom ar;cGe; tvH;pHaom ykxZOfy*Kd vfwYdk onf r0ifpm;uke?f tb,faMumifh enf;[lr r&aom f k k k k h l aMumifh yifwnf;? t&d,myk*Kd vfwYdkonfum; tvH;pHyif 0ifpm;uke\? tb,faMumifenf;[lr &NyD; jzpfaom k k f h h l aMumifwnf;/ odYk aomf txuft&d,m yk*Kd vfwYdkonf atmufjzpfaom zdvukd r0ifpm;uke?f tb,faMumifenf; h k f h h [lr yk*Kd vfwyg;\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufjcif;jzifh Nidr;NyD;jzpfaom aMumifwnf;/ atmufjzpfaom t&d,mwkYd onfvnf; l f h txufjzpfaom zdvur0ifpm;uke?f tb,faMumifh enf;[lr r&ao;aomaMumifwnf;/ pifppftm;jzifaomfum; k f kd l h h rdr\ &NyD; zkvuomvQif 0ifpm;uke\? onfum; zvormywf t&m NrJNrHaom tqk;tjzwfaywnf;/ d d f dk f H tcsKdYaom (aupd) q&mwkYd onfum; ]]aomwmyef ou'g*grfy*Kd vfwYdk onfvnf; (zkvu) r0ifpm;Ekiue?f k d f dk d f k tem*grfEihf &[Emtxuf t&d,mESpyg;wkYd onfomvQif 0ifpm;Ekiue\}}[k qkdukef\/ onfum; xkaupd S f d f k f d q&mwkYd \ taMumif;jy pum;wnf;-]]tem*grf &[EmwkYd onf orm"d jynfppm yusifavhue\}} (xkYd aMumifh h Hk G h dS k f 0ifpm;Ekiueonf [l\)? xktaMumif;onf ykxZOfyif jzpfaomfvnf; rdr&xm;NyD;aom avmuDorm"dudk 0ifpm; d f k f d k d EkiaomaMumifh oifavsmaom taMumif;r[kwonfomwnf;? t&m taMumif;[kwr[kwudk BuHqjcif;jzifh d f h f f f f tb,ftusKd;Stenf;? y#dord'gr*f ygVdyifvQif atmufygtwki; a[mxm;onf r[kwygavm.... d hH d f f tb,fq,fyg;aom a*gMwblw&m;wkYd onf 0dyem\tpGr;tm;jzifh jzpfuef f k oenf; aomwmywr*fudk &jcif;tusKd;iSg jzpfay:jcif;ukd jzpfyg;jcif;uk/y/ jyif;pGmylyefjcif; d G d ukd tjyifyrnfaom ocFg&edrwudk vTr;rk;jzpfaomaMumifh a*gMwblrnf\/ aomwmywd d f f d zvormywf tusKd;iSg/y/ 342 ou'g*grdr*fukd &jcif;tusKd;iSg/y/ t&[w zvormywf tusKd;iSg/ oknw0d[m& ormywf tusKd;iSg tedrw 0d[m& ormywf tusKd;iSg jzpfay: d jcif;ud/ y/ tjyifyrnfaom ocFg&edrwukd vTr;rd; jzpfaomaMumifh a*gMwblrnf\/ k d f f k um; ygVd/ xdYk aMumifh tvH;pHaom t&d,mwkYd onf rdrd rdr\ zdvukd 0ifpm;uke\[k t&m qH;jzwftyf\/ k k d k f f k 861/ tb,faMumifh 0ifpm;ukeoenf;[laom ar;cGe; rsuarSmuf twabm rsuarSmufb0 csr;ompGm h f f f f f ae&jcif; tusKd;iSg 0ifpm;uke\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh rif;onf rif;\ pnf;pdrf csr;omudk cHpm;ouJoYkd ewfwYkd onf f f h
170
ewfjzpfaom pnf;pdrcsrf;omudk cHpm;ukeouJoYkd twlyif t&d,myk*Kd vfwYdk onf t&d,m\ Opmjzpfaom f f h avmukw&m csrf;omudk cHpm;uket[k (ESv;oGi;) umv tydi;tjcm;udk yNyD;vQif tvdwi; tvdwi;aom f hH kH f k f k dS dk f k dS kd f cP zvormywfukd 0ifpm;uke\/ f 862/ (C) xdormywfukd tb,foYkd 0ifpm;oenf; (if;onf) tb,foYkd wnfoenf;? (if;rS) tb,foYkd k xoenf; [laomar;cGe; edAmefrwyg;aom tmkukd ESv;roGi;jcif;aMumifif;? edAmefuom ESv;oGi;jcif;aMumifh f S H kH f h kd kH f if; odYk Epyg;aom taMumif;wkYd jzifh xdzvormywfukd 0ifpm;jcif;onfjzpf\/ tb,fuoYkd a[mawmfroenf; S f k hJ l [lr .... ]]igSif? tedrdw apawm0drkwdrnfaom zvormywfudk 0ifpm;jcif;\ taMumif;wkYd onf tvk;pkaom l H H ocFg&edrwwYdk udk ESv;rroGi;jcif;if;? edrwuif;aom ed Amef"mwfudk ESv;oGi;jcif;if; okYd tm;jzifh ESpyg;wkYd d f Hk f d f Hk f f aywnf;}}[k a[mawmf rl\/ 863/ qkvwHonfum; zvormywf 0ifpm;yktpOfwnf; .... zkv0ifpm;jcif;ukd tvkaom t&d,m d h H d f d dS om0uonf qdwNf idr&mokYd uyfvsuf wyg;wnf; ude;atmif;onfjzpf O',A,PfponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh f f f ocFg&wkdYukd Ityfukef\? xkt&d,mom0utm; tpOftwki; 0dyemPf jzpfNyD;vwfaomf ocFg&vQif tmkH d d f Sdaom a*gMwblPf\ tjcm;rJ zkvoYdka&mufonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh csKyfNidr;&m edAmef pdwonf ouf0if\? h d f f f f zvormywf 0ifpm;&m zkvoYdka&m uf&ef pdwnwonf\ tjzpfaMumifh aouy*Kd vftm;aomfvnf; zkvonf d f f T f k d f omvQif jzpfay:\? txufr*fonfum; rjzpfay:ay/ tMuif (tb,*D&0goD) q&mwkYd onfum; ]]aomwmyef yk*Kd vfonf zvormywfudk 0ifpm;tH[k d h 0dyemukd jzpfapvQif ou'g*grfjzpfom;\? ou'g*grf yk*Kd vfonfvnf; (0dyemukd jzpfapvQif) tem*grf G jzpfom;\}}[k qkdukef\/ xkd (tb,*D&0goD) q&mwkYd udk ]]okYd jzpfvQif tem*grfonf (0dyemukd jzpfapvQif) G d &[Em jzpfom;vwH?h &[Emonf yapuAk'g jzpfom;vwH?h yapuAk'gonfvnf; Ak'-jrwfpmbk&m; jzpfom;vwH}h } G G G G [l qdktyfue\/ xkoYdk rjzpfxuaomaMumifh (tb,*D&q&mwkYd \) xkpum;onf wpHw&mrQ (toifh ,kwd k f d kd f d d k Saom pum;)r[kw?f jyqdcNhJ yD;aom y#dor'gr*f ygVdjzifyifvQif xdpum;udk y,fxm;NyD; jzpfonf? xdYk aMumifvnf; d k d h k h xdpum;udk r,ltyf? pifppftm;jzifaomfum; ]]aouy*Kd vftm;aomfvnf; zdvonfomvQijf zpf\? txufr*f k h k k f onfum; rjzpf}}[l (igwdYk jycJaom) pum;udomvQif ,ltyf\/ xkt&d,mom0u\ zdvonfvnf; tu,f h k d k f t&d,mom0uonf yXrpsmefEihf ,SOaom r*fukd &cJonf jzpfjim;tH?h yXrpsmefEi,Oaom zdvonfomvQif S f h S hf S f k f jzpf\? tu,f 'kw,psmefponfwYdk wif wyg;yg;aompsmefEihf ,SOaomr*fukd &cJjh im;tH?h 'kw,psmef ponf d G S f d wkYd wif wyg;yg;aom psmefEi,Oaom zdvonfomvQifjzpf\/ odYk vQif zvormywfukd 0ifpm;jcif;onf G S hf S f k f jzpfay\/ 343 864/ xkdrSwyg; ]]ighSif? tedrdwapawm0drkwdrnfaom zvormywf\ wnfwjHh cif;\ taMumif; wkYd onf tvH;pHaom ocFg& edrwwYdk ukd ESv;roGi;jcif;if;? edrwuif;aom edAmef"mwfukd ESv;oGi;jcif;if;? aS; k k d f kH f d f kH f tzdYk yjyifjcif;if; odYk tm;jzifh oH;yg;wkYd wnf;}}[k a[mawmfraomaMumifh oH;yg;aom taMumif;wkYd jzifh xdk k l k zvormywf\ wnfwjhH cif;onf jzpf\/ xdkwGif aS;tzdYk yjyifjcif; [lonfum; zdvoYkd a&mufonfrS aS; k f (ra&mufao;rDu) umvudk ydi;jcm;jcif;wnf;/ rSeay\ ]]rnfaom umv ormywfrS xtH}h }[k ydi;jcm; k f f k f xm;aomaMumifh xdyi;jcm;xm;aom tcserusa&mufao;rD umvywfv; xdzvormywf\ wnfwjhH cif;onf k kd f d f kH k jzpf\/ odYk vQif xdzvormywf\ wnfwjhH cif; jzpfay\/ k 865/ xkrwyg; ]]ighi?f tedrwapawm0drwrnfaom zvormywfrxjcif;iSg taMumif;wkYd onf tvk;pkH d S S d k d S H aom ocFg&edrwwYdk udk ESv;oGi;jcif;if;? edrwuif;aom edAmef"mwfudk ESv;roGi;jcif;if; okYd tm;jzifh ESpyg; d f Hk f d f Hk f f wkYd wnf;}}[k a[mawmfraomaMumifh ESpyg;aomtaMumif;wkYd jzifh xkzvormywfrS xjcif;onfjzpf\/ xkdwGif l f d tvk;pkaom ocFg&edrwwYdk [lonfum; kyerwf a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPf edrwwYdk udk (ESv;oGi;jcif; H H d f f d d d f Hk f wnf;)? Si;jyOD;tH.h ...tvk;pkaom ocFg&edrwwYdk udk waygif;wnf; ESv;roGi;onfum; rSeay\? okYd aomfvnf; f H H d f Hk f f tvk;pkudk odr;,lonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh (oAerwmeH-tvk;pkH aomedrwu[aom) yk'udk a[mawmfr(tyf) H H f f d d H d f dk l f l \/ xkYd aMumifh tMuifocFg&edrwonf b0if\tmkjH zpf\? xkocFg&edrwudk (b0ifpwf jzpfay:vsuf) ESv;oGi; d f d d f d Hk f rdaom yk*Kd vftm; zvormywfrS xjcif;onf jzpfay\/ okYd vQif xkzvormywfrS xjcif;ukd odtyf\/ d 866/ (i) zkv\ tjcm;rJw&m;onf tb,fenf;? zkvonf tb,f w&m;\ tjcm;rJjh zpfoenf; [laom d f h d f ar;cGe; zkv\ tjcm;rJw&m;onf zkvomvQirvnf;jzpf\? b0ifrvnf; jzpf\/ zkvonfum; r*f\tjcm;rJ f d f h d f f l l d f h
171
jzpfonfvnf;S\? zkv\tjcm;rJ jzpfonfvnf;S\? a*gMwbl\ tjcm;rJ jzpfonfvnf;S\? ae0onmem d d f h d h d onm,wepsmef\ tjcm;rJ jzpfonfvnf;S\/ xkwif r*f0x (yXrzkvonf) r*f\tjcm;rJ jzpf\? h d d G D d d f h aemufaemufzvonf aS;aS;zkv\ tjcm;rJ jzpf\? zvormywfwYdk aS;OD;pGmjzpfaom zkvonf a*gMwbl\ dk f d f h d f tjcm;rJ jzpf\/ quf Si;jyOD;tH?h (zvormywf)t&m a*gMwbl[aomtrnfjzifh tEkvuotyf\? rSef h f l Hk dk d ay\? y|mef;ygVd.... ]]&[Emyk*Kd vf\ tEkvonf zvormywftm; teE&yp,owjd zifh aus;Zl;y\}} [laom pum;udk kH a[mawmfr\/ tMuifzvjf zifh eda&m"ormywfrS x\? xdzvonf ae0onmemonm,we psmef\ tjcm;rJ l dk k dk f h jzpf\/ xdzvwYdk wif r*f0x jzpfaomzdvukd z,fxm; <uif;aom zdvtvH;pHonf zvormywf\ tpGr;tm; k kd f G D d k f k f k k f jzifh jzpfaomzdvrnf\/ qkconftwdi; r*f0xaomfif;? zvormywfaomfif; jzpfonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifk f d hJ h k f D d f h udavom tylukd wzef Nidr;apwwfaom trduf edAmefomvQif tmkaom wifw,faom f H dS h jrwfaom (udavom Nidr;ol orPjzpfaMumif; r*fw&m;\tusKd;jzpfaom) omrnzdvf f k onf wPSm[laom avmumrdoudk axG;tefpeYf y,fNyD;onfjzpf Nidroufat;csrf;vSyg G f ay\/ ysm;&nfukd trduaq;jzifh a&mpyfay;ouJoYkd (xdomrnzdvu) om,mtyfaom psmef f h k k f kd csrf;om r*fcsrf;omwkYd xuf omvGe om ,mtyfaom tqDMoZmESijhf ynfpaom pifMu,f f h kH pGmaom tMuifzvcsr;omjzifh pdpwaptyf\/ kd f f k G f 344 t&d,mwkdY \ Opmjzpfaom xkomrnzkv\ tjrwfq; t&omjzpfaom xkzvcsr;om d d f Hk d dk f f ukd ynmSaomolonf 0dyem ynmukd yGg;ap cHpm;&ay\/ d xkd(okdY 0dyemynmukd yGg;apcHpm;&aom)aMumifh t&d,mzkv\ (csr;om[laom) t&om d f f ukd cHpm;&jcif;ukd t&m 0dyemynmukd yGg;apjcif; (ynmbm0em)\ tusKd;tmedoif [l qkdtyf\/
eda&m"ormywfukd jyqkdcsuf
867/ eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Ekijf cif; [lonfum; oufouf t&d,mzkv\ t&omukd cHpm;&jcif;onf d d f omvQif (ynmbm0em\ tusK;tmedoif) r[kwao;? eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Ekijf cif;ukvnf; ynm d f d d bm0em\ tusKd;tmedoif[k odtyf\/ xkpum;&yf atmufygrSm eda&m"ormywfudk xifm;jy&ef ar;cGe;jyem jzpfonfd S f (u) eda&m"ormywf[onf tb,fenf;? l (c) xkea&m"ormywfudk tb,fy*Kd vfwYdk onf 0ifpm;Ekiuef oenf;? tb,fy*Kd vfwYdk d d k d f k k onf r0ifpm;Ekiueoenf;? d f k f (*) tb,fb 0ifpm;Ekiueoenf;? Hk d f k f (C) tb,faMumifh 0ifpm;ukeoenf;? h f (i) xkea&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;jcif;onf tb,foYdk jzpfoenf;? d d (p) tb,foYdk wnfwoenf;? hH (q) tb,foYdk xoenf;?
172
(Z) eda&m"ormywfrS xaomyk*Kd vf\ pdwonf tb,f w&m;okYd nTwoenf;? f f (ps) aoaomolEihf eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;aomol\ txl;um; tb,fenf;? S (n) eda&m" ormywfonf ocFww&m;avm tocFww&m;avm avmudavm vmukw&mavm edyEw&m;avm tedyEw&m;avm/ 868/ xkwif (u) eda&m"ormywf[onf tb,fenf; [laom ar;cGe; tpOftwdi; csKyfonf\ tpGr; d G l f k f f tm;jzifh pdwapwoduw&m;wkYd \ rjzpfjcif;onf eda&m"ormywfrnf\/ f f (c) xdea&m"ormywfukd tb,fy*Kd vfwYdk onf 0ifpm;Ediueoenf;? tb,f yk*Kd vfwYdk onf r0ifpm;Edif k d k k f k f k ukeoenf;[laom ar;cGe; tvH;pHaom ykxZOf aomwmyef ou'g*grf wkYd onfif;? oku0yu jzpfaom f f k k k d tem*grf&[EmwkYd onfif; r0ifpm;Ediue/ ormywf Spyg;udk &aom tem*grfy*Kd vfwYdk onfif;? &[Emyk*Kd vfwYdk k f k f f k onfif; 0ifpm;Ekiue\/ rSeay\? .... d f k f f ]]ESprsKd;aomtm;wkYd Eihf jynfpjkH cif; oH;rsKd;aomocFg&wkYd \ csKyfNidr;jcif;aMumifh wq,fh f S h k f ajcmufrsK;aom Pfjzpfjcif; ud;rsK;aom orm"djzpfjcif;wkYd jzifh avhvmEdieif;onf\ tjzpf d k d k f [laom ynmonf eda&m"ormywf Pfrnf\}} [l a[mawmfrl\/ odYk aom jynfpjkH cif;onfvnf; ormywfpyg;ud&aom tem*grf &[EmwkYd uxm; wyg;aomyk*Kd vf h S f k kd wdYk tm; rSacs? xdYk aMumifh ormywfpyg;uk&aom xktem*grf &[EmwkYd onfomvQif 0ifpm;Ekiue\? wyg;aom d S f d d d f k f yk*Kd vfwYdk onf r0ifpm;Ekiue/ d f k f 869/ ESprsKd;aom tm;ponfwYdk wif ESprsKd;aomtm;wkYd [lonf tb,fonfwYdk enf;/y/ avhvmEkieif; f G f d f onf\ tjzpf[onf tb,fenf;[lrum; t&m igwkYd ajzqkz,f wpkwckrQrS?d tvk;pkudk xktusOf;csKyfl l d G H H H d Oa'opum;\ tus,jf y&m-eda'o ajzqktyfNyD;omvQif jzpfay\/ tb,fuoYdk ajzqkxm;oenf;[lr d hJ d l 345 ESprsKd;aom tm;wkYd Eihf [l&m ESprsK;aomtm;wkYd [onfrm orxtm; f S f d l S 0dyemtm;aywnf;/ orxtm;[lonf tb,fenf;[lr umrtvkqErS xGuajrmufjcif; l d f aeur\ tpGr;tm;jzifh pdw\ wnfMunfjcif; rysUH vGijhf cif;onf orxtm;wnf;? pdwf f f rysuf pdwrqk;jcif;-tAsmyg'\ tpGr;tm;jzif/ ta&miftvif; rSwom;jcif;-tmavmu f d f h f onm\ tpGr;tm;jzif/ rysHUvGijhf cif;-t0dauy\ tpGr;tm;jzif/y/ wzef pGeYf vsuf Io\ f h f h l 0ifouf\ tpGr;tm;jzif/ wzef pGeYf vsufo\xGuouf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh pdw\wnfMunf f h I l f f f jcif; rysUH vGijhf cif;onf orxtm;wnf;/ tb,fteufoabmaMumifh orxtm; rnf oenf; yXrpsmefjzifh eD0&PaMumifh rwkevy?f xkYd aMumifh orxtm; rnf\? 'kw,psmef f I d jzifh BuHpnfpOf;pm;rI -0dwuf 0dpm&aMumifh rwkevy?f xkYd aMumifh orxtm; rnf\/ y/ ae0 f I onmemonm,we ormywfjzifh tmudOnm,weonmaMumifh rwkevy?f xkYd aMumifh f I orxtm; rnf\/ ysHUvGirO'paMumifif; ysUH vGirEiwuG jzpfaom udavomaMumifif; hf I h hf I S hf h cEmaMumifif; rwkervIyf raGYm;? xkYd aMumifh orxtm; rnf\/ um; orxtm;wnf;/ h f S 0dyemtm; [lonf tb,fenf;[lr tedpmEkyemonf 0dyemtm;wnf;/ 'kumEkyemonf/y/ l tewmEkyemonf/ edA'gEkyemonf/ 0d&m*gEkyemonf/ eda&m"mEkyemonf/ y#de*gEkyemonf d d 0dyemtm;wnf;/ kyf tedpmEkyonf/ y/ kyf y#ded*gEkyemonf 0dyemtm;wnf;/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&wkYd / 0dnmPf/ rsufp/ y/ tkjd cif; aojcif; tedpmEkyemonf/ y/ tdjk cif; aojcif; d y#de*gEkyemonf 0dyemtm;wnf;/ tb,fteuf oabmaMumifh 0dyemtm; rnfoenf; tedpm d Ekyemjzifh NrJonf[k xifaom trSwonmaMumifh rwkevy?f xkYd aMumifh 0dyemtm; rnf\/ 'kumekyem f f I jzifh csrf;om[k xifaom trSwonmaMumifh rwkevy/ tewmEkyemjzifh tw[k xifaom trSwonmaMumifh f f I f f rwkevy/ edA'gEkyemjzifh ESpouf aysmfarGYjcif;aMumifrwkevy/ 0d&m*gEkyemjzifh wyfrufjcif;aMumifh rwkef f I f d f h f I f vIy/ eda&m"mEkyemjzifh jzpfjcif;aMumifh rwkevy/ y#de*gEkyemjzifh ,ljcif; vufcjH cif;aMumifh rwkevy?f f f I f d f I
173
xkYd aMumifh 0dyemtm; rnf\/ t0dZmaMumifif;? t0dZmESiwuG jzpfaom udavomaMumifif;? cEmaMumifif;? h hf h h rwkevyf raGYm;? xkYd aMumifh 0dyemtm; rnf\/ um; 0dyemtm;wnf;/ f I S oH;rsKd;aom ocFg&wkYd \ Nidr;jcif;aMumifh [l&m tb,fo;rsKd;aom ocFg&wkYd \ Nidr;jcif;aMumifenf; k f kH f h [lr 'kw,psmefudk 0ifpm;aom yk*Kd vftm; 0dwuf 0dpm& [laom 0pDocFg&wkYd onf Nidr;uke\/ pwkwpsmefudk l d f f 0ifpm;aom yk*Kd vftm; xGuouf0ifouf [laom um,ocFg&wkYd onf Nidr;uke\/ onm a0'emwkYd \ csKyf&m f f f eda&m" ormywfudk 0ifpm;aomyk*Kd vftm; onm a0'em [laom pdwocFg&wkYd onf Nidr;uke\ / ok;rsKd;aom f f H ocFg&wkYd \ Nidr;jcif;aMumifaywnf;/ f h 346 wq,fajcmufrsK;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd jzifh [l&m tb,f wq,fajcmufrsK;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd h d h d enf;[lr tedpmEkyemonf Pfjzpfjcif;wnf;/ 'kumEkyemonf/ tewmEkyemonf/ edA'gEkyem l d onf/ 0d&m*gEkyemonf/ eda&m"mekyemonf/ y#de*gEkyemonf/ 0d0mEkyemonf Pfjzpfjcif; d wnf;/ aomwmywdr*fonf Pfjzpfjcif;wnf;/ aomwmywzvormywfonf Pfjzpfjcif;wnf;/ ou'g*grd d r*fonf/ y/ t&[wzvormywfonf Pfjzpfjcif;wnf;/ wq,fajcmufyg;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd aywnf;/ h ud;rsK;aom orm"dwYdkjzpfjcif; [l&m tb,f ud;rsK;aom orm"d jzpfjcif;wdYk enf; [lr yXrpsmefonf k d k d l orm"d jzpfjcif;wnf;/ 'kw,psmefonf/ y/ ae0onmemonm,we ormywfonf orm"djzpfjcif;wnf;/ yXr d psmefukd &jcif; tusK;iSg 0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd okc {u*wmonf (orm"d jzpfjcif;wnf;)/ y/ ae0onmemonm d ormywfukd &jcif;tusK;iSg 0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd okc {u*wmonf (orm"d jzpfjcif;wnf;)/ ud;rsK;aom orm"d d k d jzpfjcif;wkYd aywnf;/ avhvmEdieif;jcif; (0oD) [l&m avhvmEdieif;jcif; (0oD)wkYd onf tm0Ze0oD ormyZe0oD t"d|me k f k f 0oD 0k|me0oD ypa0uP0oD [l ig;yg;wkYd wnf;/ yXrpsmefukd tvd&m t&yf tvdaomtcg tvddS k dS k dS k oavmuf umvywfv; ESv;oGi;\? ESv;oGijf cif; aES;onf\ tjzpfonf rS?d xkYd aMumifh tm0Ze0oD- ESv; kH kH f kH kH oGi;rI avhvmEdieif;jcif; rnf\/ yXrpsmefudk tvk&mt&yf tvkaomtcg tvkoavmufumvywfv; f k f d dS d dS d dS Hk 0ifpm;\? 0ifpm;jcif; aES;onf\ tjzpfonfrS?d xkYd aMumifh ormyZe0oD-0ifpm;rIavhvmEkieif;jcif; rnf\/ d f yXrpsmefudk tvk&mt&yf tvkaomtcg tvkoavmuf umvywfv; (wnfwap&ef) t"d|mef d dS d dS d dS Hk hH aqmufwnf\? aqmufwnf (onftwki; wnfw) jcif; aES;onf\ tjzpfonfrS?d xkYd aMumifh t"d|me0oD h d f hH t"d|mef aqmufwnfr avhvmEkieif;jcif;rnf\/ yXrpsmefukd tvkdSd&mt&yf tvkdSdaomtcg tvkdSdoavmuf I d f umvywfv; (0ifpm; if;rS)x\? xjcif; aES;onf\tjzpfonfrS?d xkYd aMumifh 0k|me0oD-xrI avhvmEdieif; Hk k f jcif;rnf\/ yXrpsmefudk tvk&mt&yf tvkaomtcg tvkoavmuf umvywfv; qifjcif\? qifjcifjcif; d dS d dS d dS Hk aES;onf\tjzpfonfrS?d xkYd aMumifh ypa0uP0oD-qifjcifr avhvmEkieif;jcif;rnf\/ 'kw,psmefu/y/ ae0 I d f d dk onmemonmormywfudk tvk&mt&yf tvkaomtcg tvkoavmuf umvywfv; ESv;oGi;\/y/ d dS d dS d dS Hk Hk f qifjcif\? qifjcifjcif; aES;onf\ tjzpfonf rS?d xkYd aMumifh ypa0uP0oD-qifjcifr avhvmEkieif;jcif; I d f rnf\/ ]]ig;yg;aom avhvmEdieif;jcif;wdYk aywnf;}}[k a[mawmfr\/ k f l 870/ txufyg ygVd ]]wq,hajcmufrsKd;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd jzif}h } [laom pum;onf tvGeq;tm;jzifh f f kH Tejf ycsu-(Ou|eda'o) aywnf;/ tem*grfy*Kd vftm;rlum; wq,fav;rsKd;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd jzifh (eda&m" f k h ormywfukd 0ifpm;jcif;) jzpfao;\/ ,if;odYk jzpfvQif ou'g*grfy*Kd vftm; wq,fEpyg;aom Pfjzpfjcif;wkYd jzifh k h S f if;? aomwmyefy*Kd vftm; q,fyg;aomPf jzpfjcif;wkYd jzifif; (eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;jcif;) tb,faMumifh k h h rjzpfoenf; (jzpf&monf r[kwavm) [kjim;tH?h rjzpfay? taMumif;rlum; ... orm"d\ ab;&efjzpfaom umr*kPf f ig;yg;jzpfaom wyfrufrI &m*udk ry,f&ao; aomaMumifwnf;/ rSeay\? xdaomwmyef ou'g*grfwYdk onf h f k xdumr&m*udk ry,f&ao;? xkYd aMumifh orxtm; rjynfp?kH xdorxtm; rjynfpvwfaomf ESprsK;aomtm;wdYk jzifh k h k h kH f d 0ifpm;tyfaom eda&m" ormywfukd tiftm; csKdYwjhJ cif;aMumifh 0ifpm;jcif;iSg rpGr;Ediue/ tem*grf yk*Kd vfrmrlum; f k f k f S xdumr&m*udk y,fNyD;jzpf\? xkYd aMumifh tem*grfy*Kd vfonf 347 jynfpHkaom tm;Sday\? jynfpaom tm;Sd k k h h kH aomaMumifh (eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;jcif;iSg) pGr;Ediay\/ xkYd aMumifh bke;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpmbk&m;onf f k f f G eda&m"ormywfrS xaomyk*Kd vftm; ae0onmemonm,we ukovonf zvormywftm; teE& yp,owd kd f
174
jzifh aus;Zl;y\[k a[mawmfr\/ rSeay\? r[myu&P rnfaom y|mef;us, eda&m"ormywfrS tem*grf\ l f f xjcif;udomvQif &nf pum;udk a[mawmfrayonf/ k l 871/ (*) tb,fb0ifpm;ukeoenf; [laom ar;cGe; cEmig;yg;Saom yOa0gum& b0ac: umrbH kH f f d k 0ifpm;uke\? tb,faMumifenf;[lr tpOftwdi; psmef0ifpm;jcif; SaomaMumifwnf;/ cEmav;yg;omSaom f h h l k f d h d pwka0gum&b0ac: tlybHum; yXrpsmef ponfwYdk \ jzpfjcif;onfrS?d xkYd aMumifh xktlybk 0ifpm;jcif;iSg k d H rpGr;Eki?f tcsKdY (aupd)q&mwkYd onfum; 0wKkyf rSaomaMumifh (tlybk r0ifpm;Ekiue)[k qkue\/ f d d H d f k f d k f 872/ (C) tb,faMumifh 0ifpm;ukeoenf; [laom ar;cGe; ocFg&wkYd \ jzpfjcif; ysujf cif; NiD;aiGU h f f rsufarSmuf twabm rsufarSmufb0yifvQif pdwrSonfjzpf csKyfjcif;[laom tNidr;"mwfeAmefoYdk a&mufvsuf f d f d csr;ompGmaeuket[k &nf 0ifpm;uke\/ f f hH f 873/ (i) xkea&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;jcif;onf tb,foYdkjzpfoenf; [laom ar;cGe; orx0dyem d d f wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh tqifqiftm;xkwNf yD;vQif ytyfNyD;aom ykAuponfjzpf ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk f h h d dS csKyfapaomyk*Kd vftm; okYd csKyfapjcif;jzifh xkea&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;jcif;onf jzpf\/ rSeay\? orx\ tpGr; d d f f tm;jzifomvQif tqifqifh tm;xkwom;aom yk*Kd vfonf ae0onmemonm,weormywfoYdk a&mufwnf\/ h h f G 0dyem\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif tqifqifh tm;xkwom;aom yk*Kd vfonf zvormywfoYdk a&muf wnf\/ f h h f G orx0dyem ESpyg;pk\ tpGr;tm;jzifh omvQif tqifqifh tm;xkw ykAupudk yNyD;vQif ae0onmemonm f H f h f d ,wepsmefudk csKyfapaom yk*Kd vfonfum; xkea&m"ormywfoYdk a&muf\/ onfum; t&m tusOf;csKyf d d wnf;/ 874/ tus,fum; .... omoemawmf eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;vkaom &[ef;onf qGr;pm;jcif;udp d f yNyD;vwfaomf vufajcwkYd udk aq;aMumokwoifNyD;vQif qdwNf idraomt&yf0,f aumif;pGmcif;xm;aom ae&m f f txufyi; uk,udk ajzmifrwfpmxm; ur|mef;okYd aS;I owdudk jzpfapNyD;vQif wifyviacGvsuf xkd ifae\/ dk f d f h G f xk&[ef;onf yXrpsmefukd 0ifpm;NyD;vQif (xdpsmefr) x xdyXrpsmef (yg0ifaom) ocFg&wkYd ukd tedp[k 'ku[k d k S k tew[k I\/ quf Sif;jyOD;tHh? IrI-0dyemonf ocFg&wdYk ukd odr;qnf;aom 0dyem zvormywf\ f 0dyem eda&m"ormywf\ 0dyem [l oH;yg;tjym; Sd\/ xdwif ocFg&wkYd ukd odr;qnf;aom 0dyemonf k k G f EkYonfjzpfap xufonfjzpfap r*f\eD;aom taMumif;jzpfonf omvQiwnf;/ 348 zvormywf\ 0dyem H f onf r*bm0emESiwpm xufoefaomfomvQif oifavsm\/ eda&m"ormywf\ 0dyeomonfum; rEkYH vef hf l G h f G rxufve;aomf oifavsmf\/ xkYd aMumifh &[ef;onf rEkYH ve; rxufve;aom 0dyemjzifh xdocFg&wkYd ukd G f h G f G f k I\/ xdYk aemif 'kw,psmefukd 0ifpm;NyD;vQif (xdr) x xd'w,psmef (yg0ifaom) ocFg&wdYk ukd xdYk twlyifvQif d k S k k d I\/ xdYk aemif wwd,psmefu/y/ xkYd aemif 0dnmPOm,wepsmefukd 0ifpm;NyD;vQif (xdr) x xdpsmef (yg0if kd k S k aom) tcFg&wkdYudk xdkYtwlyifvQif I\/ xkYd aemif tmudOnm,wepsmefukd 0ifpm;NyD;vQif (xdr) xNyD;vQif toD; k S tjcm;jzpf rqufpyfonfwYdk ukd rysufapjcif; oHCm\ iHvifjh cif; jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif; umvtydi; h G k f tjcm;udk Munfjh cif; [laom av;yg;aom ykAupukd y\/ d 875/ xkav;yg;wkYd wif toD;tjcm;jzpf rqufpyfonfwYdk udk rysufapjcif; [lonfum; oydwf ouFe; d G f jzpfap anmifapmif; tif;ysOf jzpfap ae&m ausmif;aqmif jzpfap xkrwyg; wpkwckaom y&du&m jzpfap tMuif d S H tok;taqmif y&du&monf &[ef;ESiwuG wpyfwnf; r[kw?f rqufpyfyJ toD;tjcm;jzpfvsuf wnf\? H hf xktok;taqmif y&du&mukd rD; a& av ck;ol <uuf ponfwYdk aMumifh rysufp;atmif t"d|mef ytyf\/ d H d D xkoYdk t"d|mefy&m onfum; t"d|mefyykH tpDt&ifwnf; .... ]]rnf rnfaom y&du&mukd ckepf d &uftwGi; rD;jzifh ravmifapownf;? a&jzifrarsmapownf;? avjzifh rysup;ap ownf;? ck;olwYdk rck;,lEif f h f D d d dk apownf;? <uuf ponfwYdk rukucapownf;}}[k t"d|mefytyf\/ okYd t"d|mefy xm;onfaomf xkcepf d f J dS d k &ufywfv; xky&du&mtm; ab;&ef wpkwckrQ rjzpfEi/ Hk d H dk f
175
t"d|mef ryaom &[ef;\ y&du&monfum; rD;ponf wkYd aMumifh ysup;\? tb,fuoYdk enf; [lr f D hJ l r[mem*rax&f\ y&du&muJoYdk wnf;/ wqifh pum;Mum;&onfrm .... r[mem* rax&fonf r,fawmf Oygodum h S rBuD;\ GmokdY qGr;cH0ifav\? OygodumrBuD;onf (rax&ftm;) ,m*kudk uyfvLNyD;vQif qGr;pm;Z&yf (acw) f S f xkiaeap\? r[mem*rax&fonf eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;vsuf xkiae\? xkoYdk xkiaepOfrm qGr;pm;Z&yfudk d f d f d d f S f rD;avmifvwfaomf tjcm;aom &[ef;wkYd onf rdr\ xkiae&m tcif;ukd ,laqmif ajy;avuke\? Gmol Gmom; d d f f wkYd onf pk;uke rax&fudk jrifvQif ]]ysif;&daom &[ef;}}[k qkue\? rD;onf jruf 0g; opfom;wkYd udk avmif Hk f d k f vsuf r[mem*rax&fu0ef;&Hwnfav\? vlwYdk onf tk;wkYd jzifa&ukd ,lvmuke (rD;uk) Nidr;apNyD;vQif jymukd dk d h f d f z,fSm; (EGm;acs;pkjd zifh vdr;usHaom) ajr orHwvif;udk yNyD;vQif yef;wkYd ukd jzefYBuJap Sc;vsuf wnfue\? f d kd k f r[mem* rax&fonf ydi;jcm;xm;aom tcsdeumv (ormywfr) x xdvwYkd ukd jrifvwfaomf ]](igonf k f f S k l ormywf*Pjf zif) xifm; ay:avNyD}}[k ESv;oGi; aumif;uifoYkd yswufNyD;vQif yd,*FuRe;odYk <uoGm;av\/ k h S kH f H k f onfum; toD;tjcm;jzpf rqufpyfonfwYdk ukd rysufapjcif;wnf;/ cg;0wfoif;ydi; ud,ouFe;jzpfap xdiae&mtcif;jzpfap tMuiftoH;taqmif y&du&monf ud,Eihf k f k f Hk f k f k k f S wpyfwnf; jzpf\? xdtoH;taqmif y&du&m oD;jcm; t"d|mefybG,f udprSNd yD/ ormywf\ tpGr;jzifyifvQif k k f h xdk (rD;paom tE&m,f)udk apmifaSmuf umuG,\ tb,fuoYkd enf;[lr toQifoO0rax&f\ orm"dysYH EYHSjcif; h f hJ l d d Saom wefc; toQiom&dyMk wmrax&f\ orm"dysHYEYHS jcif;Saom wefc;}} [laom pum;udk a[mawmfr(tyf)\/ d kd f d kd l 876/ oHCmawmf\ iHvifjh cif;[lonfum; oHCmawmf\ iHvifjh cif; arsmvifjh cif;wnf;? (eda&m" ormywf h h f 0ifpm;aeaom) &[ef;rvmao;rD oHCuHudk ryjcif;wnf;? (&[ef; rvmrcsi;oHCuHudk ryyJ qki;iHaejcif; f d f h wnf;)? um; teuf/ qufSif;jyOD;tH?h t&m iHvifjh cif;onf &[ef;\ ykAupr[kway? trSetm;jzifh h d f f aomfum; iHvifjh cif;ukd qifjcifjcif;onfomvQif ykAupaywnf;? xkYd aMumifh ]]igonf ckepf&ufywfv; eda&m" h d Hk ormywf 0ifpm;aepOf oHCmonf wduH ponfwYdkwif wpkwckaomuHudk tu,fyvkjd im;tH?h wpkwa,muf G H H aom &[ef;onfvm ighurac:rDyifvQif (ormywfr) xtH[k okYd Ev;oGi; qifjciftyf \/ tusKd;um; okdY dk S h S Hk f ESv;oGi;jcif;ukd y (eda&m"ormywf) 0ifpm;aevQif (ac:rnf&[ef; csOf;uyfvmaom rac:ao;rD) xktcsde Hk f h d f (ormywfr) xonfomvQiwnf;/ S f tMuif&[ef;onfum; okYd ESv;oGi; qifjcifjcif;ukd ry? oHCmonfvnf; pnf;a0;NyD; xk&[ef;ukd Hk f d rjrifvwfaomf ]]rnfaom &[ef;onf tb,frmenf;}}[k ar; ]]eda&m" ormywf 0ifpm;aeonf}}[k qkvwf S d aomf oHCmonf wpkwa,mufaom &[ef;ukd ]]oGm;acsavmh? xk&[ef;ukd oHCmawmf\ pum;jzifh ac:acsavmh}}[k H d apvTwvujf im;tH?h xktcg ormywf 0ifpm;aeaom xk&[ef;\ Mum;avmufaom t&yf wnf xkwref&[ef; f dk d d d u ]]ighif oihudk oHCmawmfonf iHvifae\}}[k qdumrQyifvQif (ormywfr) xjcif;onf jzpf\? oHCmawmf S f h h k S \ tmPm rnfonf odYk BuD;avay\? xdYk aMumifh xdoCmawmf\ iHvihjf cif;udk ESv;oGi; qifjcifNyD;vQif rdrd k H h kH f tvdvyif (ormywfr) xEdiatmif y 0ifpm;tyf\/ k kd S k f 877/ jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif; [laom t&mvnf; jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif;udk ESv;oGi; G G kH f qifjcifjcif;onfomvQif &[ef;\ udpj zpfonf? xkYd aMumifh xdk jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif;udvnf; ]]igonf G k ckepf&ufywfv; eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;aepOf jrwfpmbk&m;onf oufa&muf (jzpfay:vm)aomtaMumif; 0wK kH G aMumifh odumyk'uaomfvnf; tu,f ynwfjim;th?H xkoYkd oabmSaom twKywaMumifh w&m;awmfurvnf; f kd d d d kd l tu,f a[mjim;tHh wpHwa,mufaom &[ef;onfvm ighukd rac:rDyifvQif (ormywfr) xtH}h }[k odYk k S ESv;oGi; qifjciftyf\/ tusKd;um; odYk ESv;oGi; qifjcifjcif;udk y ormywf 0ifpm;aevwfaomf (ac:rnfh kH f kH f &[ef; csO;uyfvmaom rac:ao;rD) xdtcse (ormywfr) xonf omvQiwnf;/ f k d f S f tMuif&[ef;onfum; odYk ESv;oGi; qifjcifjcif;udk ry? jrwfpmbk&m;onfvnf; oHCm pnf;a0;vwf kH f G aomf xd&[ef;udk rjrifonfjzpf ]]rnfaom &[ef;onf tb,frmenf;}}[k ar;awmfr ]]eda&m" ormywf k S l 0ifpm;aeonf}}[k avQmufxm;vwfaomf wpHwa,mufaom &[ef;udk ]]oGm;acsavmh? ig\pum;jzifh xd&[ef;udk k k ac:acsavmh}}[k apvTwjf im;tH?h xdtcg ormywf0ifpm;aeaom xdk &[ef;\ Mum;avmufaom t&yf wnf xdk k wref&[ef;u ]]jrwfpmbk&m;onf toQifb&m;udk ac:awmfr\}}[k qdumrQyifvQif (ormywfr) xjcif;onf G k l k S jzpf\? jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif;onf odYk BuD;av;ay\/ xkYd aMumifh xdjk rwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif;udk G G ESv;oGi; qifjcifNyD;vQif rdrtvdvyif (ormywfr) xEdiatmif y 0ifpm;tyf\/ kH f d k kd S k f
176
878/ t"GeYf umvtyki;tjcm; [lonfum; toufnrnfh umv\ tyki;tjcm;wnf;/ (eda&m"ormywf d f S f d f 0ifpm;aom) &[ef;onf touf\Snrnfh umvtyki;tjcm; aumif;pGm uRr;usivrmonf jzpf&m\? f d f f f d ]]rdrd\ tm,kocFg&wkYd onf 350 ckepf&ufywfv; jzpfuef vwHavm? rjzpfuevwHavm}}[k ESv;oGi;qifjcif Hk k h k f h Hk f omvQif 0ifpm;tyf\/ tjypfum;-ckepf&uf twGi; csKyfvwHaom tm,kocFg&wkYd udk rqifjcifromvQif f h l tu,f 0ifpm;jim;tH?h xk&[ef;\ eda&m"ormywfonf aojcif;ukum; wm;jrpfjcif;iSg rpGr;Eki?f eda&m"ormywf d d f d twGi; aojcif;rnfonf rSaomaMumifh (xcsef rusao;rD) tMum;umvomvQif ormywfrS x&\/ f d d xkYd aMumifh toufnrnfh umvtyki;tjcm;ukd ESv;oGi;qifjcifomvQif 0ifpm;tyf\/ rSeay\? ]]<uif;aom S f d f Hk f f udpo;yg;ukd ESv; roGi;jcif;onfvnf; jzpfoifao;\? toufumv tyki;tjcm;ukrum; ESv;oGi; qifjcif Hk Hk f h d f d l Hk f tyfonf omwnf;}}[k (t|uxm) rdeYf qxm;\/ dk 879/ xk&[ef;onf qkconftwki; tmudOnm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;vQif (xkpsmefr) x ykA d d hJ d f d S udpudk yNyD;vQif ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;\/ xktcg pdwwBudrf ESpBf udrudk ausmfvevwfaomf d f f G f pdwrSyJ jzpfom;\? (pdwapwoduwYdk\) csKyfjcif;okYd a&muf\/ pdwEpBf udrwYdk \ txuf pdwwYdk onf tb,fh f d G f f f S f f aMumifh rjzpfueoenf;[lr pdwcsKyf&eftvkYd ig tm;xkwrI (ya,m*) jzpfaom aMumifwnf;/ csJUjy&vQif- k f l f S f h &[ef;\ ESpyg;ukeaomorxESihf 0dyemw&m;wkYd udk xrf;yk; nDwzUJG ouJoYdk y Spyg;aom ormywfudk f f d l h f wufjcif;onf tpOftwki; psmefpwcsKyfjcif;iSg tm;xkwrI aywnf;? ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;&ef d f d f f tvkYd ig tm;xkwrI r[kway? okYd pdwcsKyf&ef tvkYd ig tm;xkwrI jzpfaomaMumifh ESpBf udraom pdwwYdk \ S f f f S f f f txuf (pdwEpBf udrxuftvGe) rjzpfyJ SMd uayonf/ f S f f tMuif&[ef;onfum; tmudOnm,wepsmefrS xNyD;vQif qdcaom ykAupukd ryrl ae0onm k hJ d emonm,wepsmefukd 0ifpm;\? xd&[ef;onf aemuf pdwrSyJ jzpf&ef rpGr;Edi?f jyefvn tmudOnm,we k f d f k S hf psmefomvQif wnf\/ t&m c&D;udk roGm;bl;ao;aom a,musfm; Oyrmudk jyqdtyf\/ k Oyrmum; .... roGm;bl;aom c&D;vrf;wckuom;aom a,musfm;wa,mufonf vrf;c&D;tMum; a&Sd kd G aom acsmufukd jzpfap eufaom GYH a&udjk zpfap ausmfve (wzufurf;) cif;xm;aom Murf;aom aeyljzifh G f jyif;pGm ylavmifaom ausmufzsmodYk a&mufvwfaomf cg;0wfudk,fkHudk ryjyifromvQif acsmufoYkd qif;vQif l t0wftpm; pdpwrnfukd pd;&draomaMumifh zufurf; wzef jyefvn omvQifwnf\/ ausmufzsmudk k G f k f S hf eif;NyD;vQivnf; ajcawmufukd ylavmifonfjzpf rSm zufurf; omvQif wzef jyefvn wnf\/ xdOyrm f S hf k xda,musfm;onf cg;0wfu,ukd aumif;pGm ryjyifaomaMumifh acsmufukd qif;umrQomvQif jyefvn rSm k kd f Hk S hf zufurf; wnfouJoYkdif; jyif;pGmylavmifaom ausmufzsmudk eif;umrQomvQif jyefvn rSzufurf; h S hf wnfouJoYkd if; twlyif a,m*g0p&yk*Kd vfonfvnf; ykAupudk ryaomaMumifh ae0onmemonm,we h d psmefudk 0ifpm;umrQomvQif jyefvn tmudOnm,wepsmef wnf\/ S hf oifavsmaom Oyrmum; xkc&D;ukd aS;vnf; oGm;bl;aom a,musm;onf xkXmeokYd a&mufvwfaomf h f d f d ykq;wxnfudk NrJNrHpm0wf tjcm;txnfudk vufjzifui acsmufudk ul;NyD;vQif 351 jyif;pGm ylavmifaom dk G h dk f ausmufzsmukd eif;umrQomvQify wzufoYdk a&mufom;ouJoYdk twlyifvQif ykA udpudk yNyD;aom &[ef;onf G h ae0onm emonm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD; omvQif aemufumv pdwrSd onfjzpf pdwf apwoducsKyfjcif; f f okYd a&mufvsuf aeav\/ 880/ (p) tb,foYdk wnfoenf; [laom ar;cGe; qdconftwki; 0ifpm;aom xkea&m"ormywf\ f k hJ h d f d d wnfwjhH cif;onf umvtyki;tjcm;\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; tMum; touf\ ukejf cif; oHCmawmf\ iHvifjh cif; d f f h h jrwfpmbk&m;\ ac:awmfrjl cif;wkYd \ rSaom tm;jzifif; (&nf,onfh twki;) jzpf\/ G d h G f d f 881/ (q) tb,foYdk xoenf; [laomar;cGe; tem*grfy*Kd vftm; tem*grdzvjf zpfay:jcif;jzifif; f k dk h &[Emyk*Kd vftm; t&[wzvf jzpfay:jcif;jzifif; okYd Epyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifh (eda&m"ormywfr) xjcif;onf dk h S f S jzpf\/ 882/ (Z) eda&m"ormywfrxNyD;aomyk*Kd vf\ pdwonf tb,fw&m;okYd nwf oenf; [laom ar;cGe; S f G f edAmefoYdk nTwonf ([k odtyf\)/ rSeay\? ]]'um0domcolaX;BuD;? onm a0'emwkYd \ csKyf&mjzpfaom ormywf f f
177
rS xNyD;aom &[ef;\ pdwonf ocFg&uif;qdw&m edAmefoYkd Gw\? ocFg&uif;qdw&m edAmefoYkd udi;\? f f f f k f ocFg&uif;qdy&m edAmefoYkd Ii;\}}[laom pum;udk ("r'Emrnfaom ax&Dronf) a[mMum; (tyf) ay\/ f d f d 883/ (ps) aoaomolEihf eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;ol\ txl;um; tb,fenf; [laom ar;cGe; (tajz S f jzpfaom) teufuvnf; r[ma0'vow a[mxm;NyD; Sonfomwnf;? tb,fuoYkd a[moenf;[lr kd k f d hJ l ]]ighi?f aoaomolrm xGuouf 0ifouf[aom um,ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuef S S f l k Nidr;uke\? 0dwuf 0dpm& [laom 0pDocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuef Nidr;uke\? onm a0'em f f k f f [laom pdwocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuef Nidr;uke\? ZD0waÈac:aom toufonf ukeom;\? k f f d d f G Oomac:aom ud,aiGYtyleonf Nidr;at;\? puKpaom aÈwYdkonf t<uif;rJh ysup; k f dS f f f D uke\? onm a0'emwkYd\csKyf&m eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;aom &[ef;rSmvnf; xGuouf f f 0ifouf [laom um,ocFg&wkYd onf csKyfuef Nidr;uke\? 0dwuf 0dpm& [laom 0pDocFg& k f f wdYk onf csKyfuef Nidr;uke\? onma0'em[laom pdwocFg&wdYk onf csKyfueNf idr;uke\? k f f k f f ZD0waÈ[ac:aom toufonfum; rukeay? Oomac:aom ud,aiGYtyleonfvnf; d d k f k f dS f rNidr;at;? puKpaom aÈwYkd onfvnf; rysufp;uke}f }[k a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ f D 884/ (n) eda&m"ormywfonf ocFww&m;avm odYk tpSaom ar;cGe;um; ocFww&m; [l d f vnf; rqdtyf? tocFww&m; [lvnf; rqdtyf? avmuDw&m;[lvnf; rqdtyf? avmukw&mw&m; [lvnf; k k k rqdtyf/ tb,faMumifh enf;[lr y&rw oabmtm;jzifh xifm; rSjd cif;aMumifwnf;? odYk aomf xdea&m" k h l S h k d ormywfukd 0ifpm;aom yk*Kd vf\tpGr;tm;jzifh (if;onf) 0ifpm;tyfaom ormyEw&m; rnfay\? xkYd aMumifh f NyD;pD;aom edyEw&m;[l qkoifay\? rNyD;pD;aom tedyEw&m;[lum; rqkoif/ d h d h qktyfcNhJ yD;aom tjym;tm;jzifh tem*grf &[Em t&d,m tSijf rwfwYdk rS0tyfaom d D J eda&m"ormywfonf NidrouforarGU\? rsuarSmuf twabm rsuarSmufb0yifvQif f d f f f (cHpm;tyfaom) tNidr;"mwfeAmef[k a&wGujf cif; ac:a0:jcif;okYd a&muf\? ynmSwYdk onf f d d t&d,mr*fynmukd yGg;apNyD;vQif (ormywfu)0ifpm;Ekiue\/ dk d f k f xkYd aMumifh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Ekionf\ tjzpfuvnf; t&d,mr*fynm\ tusKd; d f dk tmedoif[ qktyfay\/ l d
tm[kae,syk*dKvftjzpfponfNyD;pD;jcif;ukd jyqkdcsuf
352 885/ ta0;rS aqmif,c ylaZmfonfudk cHxuaom tm[kae,syk*Kd vftjzpf ponf NyD;pD;jcif; l hJ dk f [lonfum; oufouf eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Ekionf\ tjzpfonfomvQif (ynmbm0em\ tusKd; d f tmedoif jzpfonf) r[kwao;? tm[kae,sy*Kd vftjzpf ponf NyD;pD;jcif;onfvnf; avmukw&mynmukd f k yGg;apjcif;-ynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoifjzpfonf[k odtyf\/ rSeay\? omrntm;jzifh av;yg;tjym; f Sonfvnf; jzpfaom avmukw&mr*f ynmukd yGg;aptyfNyD;jzpfaomaMumifh bm0dwyn (yGg;apNyD;aom ynm d So) rnfaom yk*Kd vfonf ewfEiwuGaom vltaygif;u ta0;rSaqmif,c ylaZmfonfukd cHxuay\/ d l S hf l hJ kd f {nfonftwGuf pDrxm;aom oH;aqmifz,uaomfvnf; cHxuay\/ wrvGeavmuudk ,HMk unf ay;vaom h H k G f kd kd f f jrwfaomtvukd cHxuay\/ vuftycsDr; Sc;jcif;udk cHxuay\/ vlewfjA[m ow0gtaygif;\ kd f k f kd d dk kd f aumif;rIukd pduysK;&m v,f,m ajr taumif;tjrwfq; jzpfay\/ k f d kH 886/ txl;tm;jzifh (cGjJ cm; jy&yg)rlum; av;yg;aomr*fynmwkYd wif yXrr*fynmudk EkYH aom 0dyem G jzifh yGg;apvmcJaom yk*Kd vfonf EkaomaÈaomfvnf; ckepfBudrtwdi;tSnomvQif b0jzpfjcif; Saom h dS f k f f d owuwK y&raomwmyef rnf\/ (if;onf) ok*wdb0 ckepfBudrusivnfc qif;&J\ tqk;ukd y\/ f f hJ H tvwfpm;jzpfaom 0dyemjzifh (yGg;ap) vmcJaom yk*Kd vfonf tvwfpm;aÈonfjzpf trsKd;jrwf wckrS h dS trsK;jrwfwckjzpfaom aumvH aumv aomwmyef rnf\? (if;onf)ESpck ok;ckaom trsKd;jrwfb0wkYd oYdk d f H ajy;oGm;usifvnf qif;&J\ tqk;ukd y\/ xufaom0dyemjzifh (yGg;ap) vmcJaomyk*Kd vfonf xufaom H h aÈonfjzpf b0rsKd;aph wckomSaom {uADZaomwmyef rnf\? (if;onf)wckaom vlUb0ukomvQif jzpf dS d D d apNyD;vQif qif;&J\ tqk;ukd y\/ H
178
887/ 'kw,r*fynmukd yGg;ap (vmcJaomyk*Kd vfonf) wBudrom jyefvmaom ou'g*grfy*Kd vfrnf\? d h f k (if;onf) vlUjynfavmuodYk y#doaEtm;jzifh wBudromvQif jyefvmNyD;vQif qif;&J\ tqH;udk y\/ f k 888/ wwd,r*fynmudk yGg;ap (vmcJaom yk*Kd vfonf) wzefjyefrvmaom tem*grf rnf\/ if;onf h aÈ xl;jcm;onf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh tE&my&deAm,Dy*Kd vf Oy[py&deAm,Dy*Kd vf tocFg&y&deAm,Dy*Kd vf f d k d k d k oocFg& y&deAm,Dy*Kd vf O'aomwtued|*grDy*Kd vf[k ig;yg; tjym;S\? (if;wdYk rm) umravmuudk d k H k d S y,fpeYf (jA[mavmu y&deAmef yjcif; [laom) tNyD;tqH;S\? xdwif tMum; udavomNidr;aom G h d k d k G f tE&my&deAm,Dy*Kd vf [lonfum; trSwrSd wpHwckaom ok'g0gobH jzpfNyD;vQif toufwrf;\ tv,foYkd d k f k k ra&mufromvQif (udavom Nidr;jcif;jzif) Nidr;aom yk*Kd vfwnf;/ (pkwumvokYd ) uyfa&muf udavom l f h f d Nidr;aom Oy[p y&deAm,D yk*Kd vf [lonfum; toufwrf;\ tv,fudk ausmveNf yD;vQif (udavom Nidr;jcif; f d f G f jzif) Nidr;aom yk*Kd vfwnf;/ tm;xkwjf cif; rSr udavom Nidr;aom tocFg&y&deAm,Dy*Kd vf [lonfum; h f d l f d k vGeuaom tm;xkwrI ya,m*rSaom (0dyem) tusifjh zifh txufjzpfaom t&[wr*fudk jzpfapaom f J f d yk*Kd vfwnf;/ tm;xkwrEiwuG udavomNidr;aom oocFg&y&deAm,Dy*Kd vf [lonfum; vGeuaom tm;xkwrI f I S hf f d k f J f ya,m*Saom (0dyem) tusifjh zifh txufjzpfaom t&[wr*fudk jzpfapaom yk*Kd vfwnf;/ txufoYdk d qefwuf tued|bkoYdk oGm;aom O'aomwtued|*grDy*Kd vf [lonfum; rdrjd zpf&m ok'g0gobHrS txuf H H k k tued|bHwiatmif wuf xdtued|bH y&deAmefyaom yk*Kd vfwnf;/ k kd f k k d 889/ pwkwr*fynmudk yGg;ap (vmcJaom) tcsKdYy*Kd vfonf o'gjzifh vGwajrmufaom o'g0drw h k f k &[Em jrwfBuD; jzpf\? tcsKYd y*Kd vfonf ynmjzifh vGwajrmufaom ynm0drw&[Em jrwfBuD;jzpf\? tcsKdYy*Kd vf k f k k onf kytzdYk emrftzdYk ESpyg;pHrS vGwajrmufaom Obawmbm*0drw &[Em jrwfBuD;jzpf? tcsKdYy*Kd vfonf 0dZm f f k f k k oH;yg;ESihf jynfpaom aw0dZ&[Em jrwfBuD;jzpf\? tcsKdY yk*Kd vfonf tbdnmOfajcmufyg;ESihf jynfpaom qVbdn k h kH h Hk &[Em jrwfBuD;jzpf\? tcsKdYy*Kd vfonf av;yg;aom y#dord'gPf txl;tjym;okYd a&mufaom y#dor'gyw k d &[Em jrwfBuD; jzpf\? ,if;okYd aom &[EmjrwfBuD;ukd &nfG,f .... ]] &[ef;onf r*fcP xkdwPSmtIyf ukd ajzSi;qJrnf\? 353 zkvcP wPSmtIyudk ajzSi;NyD;onfjzpf ewfEiwuGaom wavmuvk;\ f d f f f S hf H jrwfaom tvSLukd cHawmfrxuaom &[EmjrwfBuD; jzpfom;ay\}}[k ig qkdcJhayonf/ l dk f G t&d,m ynmukd yGg;apjcif;onf qkconftwki;yif rsm;pGmaom tusKd; tmedoif Say\? d hJ h d f d xkYd aMumifh arQmjf rifwwfaom ynmSonf xkt&d,mynmukd yGg;apjcif; arGUavsmjf cif;ukd y&m d d awmhownf;/ 890/ rQaom pum;tpOfjzifh .... ]]ynmSaom vlonf oDvwnf ylyefaprI (vHYk v) Svsuf &ifusufonf (qifjcifPf d d h Sonf) jzpf pdwuif; ynmudif; yGg;apaomf xdoYkd aom &[ef;onf kytaxG;udk d f kd k k f ajzSi;Edif ay\}} [laom f k *gxm oDvorm"d ynmudk y"meyojzifh a[mxm;aom edAmef a&mufaMumif; tusivrf;jzpfaom 0do'r*f hf k d ynmbm0emudk tusKd;tmedoifEiwuG <uif;rJh OHk tvH;pHk jyNyD; jzpfavNyD/ S hf k onfum; olawmfaumif;wdYk \ ESpor0rf;ajrmufjcif; tusKd;iSg pD&if (tyf)aom 0do'r*fusrf;0,f f d hf k d ynm bm0em t&m ynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoifukd tus,f jyqdcsuf (ynmbm0emedoo eda'o) rnfaom k H ESpq,fo;ckajrmufjzpfaom tydi;tcPf;aywnf;/ f h kH k f
ynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoif tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/
179
ed*kH;ukd jyqkdcsuf
354 891/ rQaom pum;tpOfjzifh ]]ynmSaomvlonf oDvwnf ylyefaprI (vkYH v) Svsuf &ifusufonf (qifjcifPf d d h Sonf) jzpf pdwuif; ynmukif; yGg;apaomf xkoYdk aom &[ef;onf tIytaxG;ukd d f dk d d f ajzSi;Ekif ay\}}[laom f d *gxmukd rlwnfcsxm;NyD;vQif .... ]],cktcg jrwfpmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrcaom *gxm \ oDvponf tjym;Sdaom razmuf G l hJ rjyef rSeuefaom teufudk zGijhf yvsuf .... f jrwfpmbk&m;\ omoemawmf tvGe&cJaom Si&[ef;tjzpfudk &ukeNf yD; oDvponf G f f wkYd jzifh a&wGutyf (odr;,ltyf)aom ab;uif;aom ajzmifrwfaom edAmef\ (a&mufaMumif; f f h tusifh) vrf;ukd.... rSwuefpm rodueaom a,m*DwYdkonf (omoemawmf) pifMu,faom edAmefudk tvkd f G k f SMd u tm;xkwygukeaomfvnf; pifMu,faomedAmefudk r&yJ Saeuke\/ f f d f xkoYdkaom a,m*DwYdktm; ESpor;0rf;ajrmufjcif;ukd jzpfapEkiaom aumif;pGm pifMu,fonfh d f d f d f tqk;tjzwfwYdk Eihf jynfpaom r[m0d[m&igoD rax&fjrwfwYdk\ a[menf; (oifMum;enf;) H S h Hk ukd rS( jyvwH)aomD h 0do'r*f (edAmefa&mufaMumif; tusifvrf;)ukd qkaytH?h pifMu,faomedAmefudk tvkuef k d h d d dS k aom tvk;pkaom oifoawmfaumif; wkYd onf kaopGm qdvwHaom ig\ xdk (0do'r*f)udk H H l d k h k d (kaopGm) em,lrwom; Muygukeavmh}} [l d S f f tMuif 0do'r*fusrf;udk qd&ef igwkYd 0efccueNf yD? xd0efccaom 0do'r*fusrf;udk (a&;om;pD&ifvsuf) qdtyf k d k H hJ k k H hJ k d k NyD; jzpfayNyD/ 892/ xd0o'r*fusrf; .... k d k d oDvp onf tjym;Sueaom xdk (rl&if;*gxm a[mxm;aom) teufwYkd \ tqH;tjzwfukd d k f k edum,fig;&yfwYdk \ teufukd zGijhf y&m t|uxmenf; rdeYf qxm;avonf/ kd xdk (rdeYf qxm;aom tqH;tjzwf) tvH;pHukd a,bk,stm;jzifh pkaqmif, 0g'csif; kd k k k Hk l a&m,SurI [laom tjypfa'gowkYd rS uif;vGwaom teufukd tqH;tjzwfEiwuG jyxm;tyf f f k S hf ay\/ xdk (odYk jyxm;aom)aMumifh pifMu,faom edAmefukd tvdueaom pifMu,faom Pfynm k dS k f ESihf jynfpueaom a,m*Dy*Kd vfwYdk onf 0do'r*fusrf; kaoav;pm;jcif;udk ytyfyoifh h kH k f k k d d yxkuvonfomwnf;/ d f S 355 893/ cGJjcrf; a0bef qdkavhSdaom-0dbZ0g'Dy*Kd vfjrwf jzpfueaom rsm;aom tNcH k k f t&H Sueaom r[m0d[m&0goD*P;0if rax&fwYkd \ tEG,tquf jzpfawmfraom xifpm d k f kd f f l G jyEdionfh ynmSd jzpfawmfraomk f l tSif oHCygvrax&fonf udavomukd acgif;yg;apwwfaom pifMu,faom "kwiftusifh ESivnf; jynfpawmfray\? 0g&dwov pm&dwovESivnf; jynfpawmfray\? (orm"d hf h Hk l D D hf h Hk l
180
ynm) tusihf y#dywfvnf; rjywftm;xkwawmfray\/ f l onf;cHjcif; aumif;aomtrI arGUavsmjf cif; csr;omapvkaom arwmtpSaom *kPwYdk jzifh f d d f xktyfaom pdwEv;vnf; Sawmfray\? (xktSif oHCygvrax&f\) wkuwe; H f S Hk d l d d f G f awmif;yefcsuudk vufcNH yD;vQif olawmfaumif;w&m; \ Snjf rifpm wnfwjhH cif;ukd tvkdS f h G d onfjzpf 0do'r*fusrf;ukd ypD&ifaom igonf tMuifaumif;rI taygif;ukd &tyfNyD? k d xkaumif;rI taygif;\ tpGr;tmEkabmfaMumifh tvk;pkaom ow0gwkYd onf (vlewfeAmef d f H H d ok;wefaom) csrf;omokYd a&mufMuygapukeownf;/ (2-*gxm aygif;) H f 894/ omoemawmf 0do'r*f usrf;onf ig;q,fpvnhf GwpmSaom k d h S f S f d ygVdjzifh tE&m,f rSyJ NyD;qk;atmifjrifav ouJoYdk xdYk twlyif ow0gtaygif; [laom d H h wavmuvH;\ aumif;usKd;udk rSaom tvH;pHaom ESv;tvdk tBuHtpnf [lorQwkYd onf k D k k kH tE&m,f rSyJ vsifpm NyD;pD;jynfpMkH uygapukeownf;/ (2-*gxmaygif;) d G h f 895/ tvGepifMu,faom o'gynm 0D&,wkYd jzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom 0g&dwov ajzmifrwfjcif; f d D h El;nHjh cif; tpSaom *kPtaygif;wkYd \ pka0;&mjzpfaom rdrt,lEihf *kP;wyg; t,lwnf; [laom awmIy d f d S d f f ouf0ifjcif;iSg pGr;Ediaom ynm\ xufjrufjcif;ESihf jynfpaom t|uxmESiwuG yd#uwfo;yk[aom f k f h Hk hf Hk H l y&d,wfusrf;*ef txl;tjym;Saom jrwfpmbk&m;\ omoemawmf tydwtyif tqD;twm;uif;aom Pf\ d G f pGr;&nfEihf jynfpaom o'gusrf;wwf AsmukP;q&mjrwfBuD; jzpfaom ukdPf;\jynhpjHk cif;jzifh jzpfaptyfonf f S h Hk f f jzpf tvG,wul ay:xGuvmonfh csKdomcHnm;aom pum;\ av;eufjcif;ESihf jynfpaom oifavsmpm f f h h Hk h f G aESmifaES;jcif; rSyJ vGwvwajymqkavhaom t,l0g'ukd ajymqkaomyk*Kd vfwYdk wif jrwfaomyk*Kd vfjzpfaom h d f G f d dS d G uAsmvuFm pDu;wwfol (r[mu0d) ynmSBd uD;jzpfaom tbdnmOfajcmufyg; y#dord'g av;yg;ponf tjym; Hk Saom *kPwYdk jzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom vGeux;jrwfaom (psmef&t&d,mjzpfaom) vlwYdk\psmefr*fzvw&m; d f f J l dk f tydwtyif tqD;twm;uif;aom PfynmSueaom tSifr[muy tpSdaom rax&fwkdY\ tEG,tquf f d k f f ukd jywwfonfh qDr; wefaqmifozG,jf zpfueaom r[m0d[m&0goD *kP;0if ax&ftSiwYdk \ tEG,tquf\ D k f d f f f tqifwef;qmozG,f jzpfaom jyefYajympifMu,faom PfynmESijhf ynfpaom arm&@Gmom;[k ac:qdtyfaom h kH k Ak'aCmo[k q&mOyZm,fwYdku rSw,xm;aom (ay;xm;aom) bGYJ trnfaom rax&fonf 0do'r*frnfaom f l dS k d usrf;ukd a&;om;wDxif (pD&iftyf)ay\/ (0do'r*fusrf;onf) G k d 356 896/ oefYi;pifMu,faom pdwEv;Sawmfraom taumif;tqk; ESpcudk twly S f f S Hk d l d f k IEiaom wm'd*PEihf jynfpawmfraom avmuok;yg; tBuD;tjrwfq; jzpfawmfraom dk f k f S h Hk l H Hk l oDv*kPpaom tjrwfudk Sm;rS;awmfrNl yD;aom jrwfpm bk&m;\ ]]Ak'-odawmfraombk&m;}} f D G l [laom trnfawmfrQ aomfvnf; tMuifrQavmufaom umvywfv; avmuok;yg; rjywf Hk H jzpfvsuf wnfvsufao;\/ dS xkrQavmufaom umvywfv; avmurS xGuajrmufjcif;ukd SmrS;avhueaom trsKd; d Hk f D dS k f aumif;om;wkYd tm; oDvponf pifMu,fjcif;tusKd;iSg enf;ed,ukd azmfjyvsuf avmuok; H yg; ruG,yJ wnfNrJwnfwygapownf;/ f hH
0dok'dr*fusrf; NyD;\/
181
jrefrmjyef\ oD;jcm;ed*Hk;
ygVdbmom aumif;pGm ruRr;usiaom jrefrmjynfzm; trsK;om;? trsK;orD;wkYd tm; 0do'r*fusr; jyqdk f f G d d k d f xm;aom oDv orm"d ynm tusifh y#dywf enf;ed,wkYd ukd ygVdbmom wwfuRrf;olwYkd uoYkd yif wdwusus hJ d jynfjh ynhppkH tvG,wul odem;vnfMuap&ef xufoefaom ormqEjzifh &efuef rdY omoemh&yom oDwif;oH; f kH f k d f k vsufaom t*r[my@dw r[mpnfq&mawmf tSiaomweonf 0do'r*f jrefrmjyefusrf;udk 1323-ckepf dS f k d waygif;vqef; 3-&ufrS p tcGiomaom tcsdersm; wpwpESihf a&;om;pD&ifc&m 1324-ckepf 0gacgifvqef; hf f hJ 3-&ufaeYwif oDv orm"d ynmydi; tajccHrsm;ESiwuG 'd|0o'r*fusr; tqH;ed*;txd jrefrmjyefqkd a&;om; G k f hf d d k d f k kH pD&if tNyD;owfownf;/ 0do'r*f-jrefrmjyefusr;onf ab;&eftE&m,frSyJ NyD;ajrmufatmifjrifouJoYkd y#dywfukd vdvm;aom k f d h k &[ef;Sivl trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;taygif; olawmfaumif;wkYd onf 0do'r*f jrefrmjyefusrf;udk MunfNI yD;vQif f k d h enf;vrf;rSetwdi; usifo;tm;xkwMf u r*fzveAmefukd vsijf refpm rsuarSmuf yEdiMf uygapukeownf;/ f k f h kH kd f d G f k f
0dok'dr*fjrefrmjyef NyD;\/
0dok'dr*fjrefrmjyef(pwkwwGJ) rSwfcsuf
182
rSwfcsuf
+odYk aom axmihui;*Pef;jzifh 0do'r*f 'kw,wG a&muf&m pmrsuEmudk jyonf/ f G f k d d J f S _odYk aom uGi;rJ*Pef;jzifh 0do'r*f pmyd'eygwfukd jyonf/ f h k d k f H 1-,cktcg .... <uif;usefMuao;\? .... tpOf a&mufvwfayNyD - [k pyfyg/ 2-uJoYkd vufonf;uGi;jzifh jyxm;aom pum;rsm;onf jznfpucsuf odYk r[kwf zGijhf ycsuf vdy'\ h f h G f k k f teuf odYk r[kwf wenf;teufjyefcsufrsm; jzpfonf/ 3-0Pemuarm-yk' zGijhf yjcif;\ tpOf-[k o'geuf&aomfvnf; jrefrmpum; acsmap&eftwGuf zGijhf y&ef f tpOf-[k jyefxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVd "rm-w&m;wkYd u-[laom uHy'Eiw&wl A[k0pjf zifh qdxm;aom a0'dwAm-yk'\ teuf kd k f S hf k k f jzpfonf/ jrefrmrl A[k0pjf y (uke) rygyJ odtyf\-[k qdvQif om acsmarmonf/ odYk jzpf jrefrm pum; k f k tvktm;jzifh xdk A[k0pjf y (uke) rygyJ zwfvu zwf&ef uke-[laom pum;udk vufonf;uGi; jzifh jyxm;onf/ d k f kd f f aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ 2- y#dporkyg'f a'oemygVdukd rl&if;twdi; azmfjyxm;jcif;rSm aemuf zGijhf yvwHaom or0E k f h d yk'\ tzGihf {0H-yk'\ tzGi-ponfwYdk Eihf tvG,wul wduqiMf unfEi&ef jzpfonf/ f f hf S f k f dk h kd f
rSwfcsuf
1- Oyywb0udk rjyyJ urb0udom jyjcif;onf rSw,&ef vG,ujl cif;tusK;iSg jzpfonf? d k f l f d odYk aomfvnf; urb0udk jyvQif ,if;\tusKd; Oyywb0vnf; yg0ifonf[k ,ltyf\/ d 2-yHk enf;jzifh .... jzpfay:jcif;-[k pyfyg/ jycJonftwdi; t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;tqufquf h h k f d aMumifh ocFg&-tpSdaom tusKd;tqufquf\ jzpfay:jcif;-[k qdv\/ k dk 3-0gusudk axmufvQif t0dZmtpSaom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&tpSaom tusKd;w&m; qif;&Jtpk\ d d jzpfay:aejcif;-jzpfay:aeyHuomvQif y#dporkyg'f-[k qkvouJoYkd Say\/ k kd d dk h d 4-vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pum;rsm;rSm t|uxm\ tvdEitnD ay:vGiap&ef azmfjyxm;aom f f k S hf f pum;rsm; jzpfonf/ 5-ygVd b0*wm-[k wwd,E t0kwuwm;jzifh qdcaomaMumifif;? t&m uHuom jyvd&if; k hJ h kd k jzpfaomaMumifif; 0kw-a[mawmfrtyfcayonf-[k uHa[myk'jf zifh jyqdxm;ayonf/ odYk aomf jrefrmrl jrwfpm h H l hJ k G bk&m;onf-[laom uwm;yk'onf 0kwuwm;vnf; jzpfEi\? xkYd jyif a[mtyf-[k qdvQif a[moif-[laom f kd f k h teufu om xifm;wwfonf/ odYk jzpf xd(tyf) [laom uHa[mypn;udk rzwfvu csef zwfEi&ef ,if;udk S k f dk kd f vufonf;uGi;jzifh jyxm;onf/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ w&Hwcg uHa[m A[k0pa[m 2-ckv;udk (tyfue) f k f kH k f [k vufonf;uGi;jzifh jyxm;onfuvnf; awGY&vdrrnf/ xdoYkd awGY&mvnf; jrefrmpum;t& ,if;wdYk ukd f kd hf k rzwfvvQif rzwfyJ csexm;Edi&ef jyxm;onf[k rSwyg/ kd f k f f
183
rSwfcsuf
1- tdjk cif; aojcif;onf rNrJ-[k a[mawmfrjl cif;onf tdwwf aowwfaom w&m;wdYk \ rNrJjcif;udk k odapvdaomaMumifh jzpfonf? tdjk cif; aojcif;udk NrJapvdaomaMumifif;? ,if;wdYk NrJvQif aumif;rnf[k odapvdk k k h aomaMumifif; a[mawmfrjl cif;um; r[kway/ h f
rSwfcsuf
1-teufonf ]]tnxm-wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzif?h e-r[kw}f } [laom 0pew - o'geuf jzpfonf/ 2-t&m wyg;aomtjym;tm;jzifh jzpfjcif;-[lonfrm rqdiaom taMumif;wyg;aMumifh jzpfjcif;yif S k f wnf;/ odYk jzpf teufonf usa&mufaom teuf-qdvtyfaom teuf jzpfonf/ k kd odYk aom vufonf;uGi;rSm 0g-wenf;teuf\ tydi;tjcm; ,Hrm;uif;ap&ef jzpfonf? aemuf f k f k S vnf; enf;wlyif/ 3- y#dporkyg'fukd .... a[mawmfrl (tyf) ayonf-[k odkY pyfyg/ 4-taMumif;[dwy'ukd tusKd;w&m;jzpfoif-ESipyfyg/ taMumif; 4-ck pHnaomtcg jzpfwwfaom f k f h hf k D tusKd;onf xdtaMumif; 4-yg; atmufvnf; r,kwavsmh? xdk 4-yg;xufvnf; rydkvGefaom taMumif; 4-yg; k f wdwd pHnaomtcg jzpfonf/ Oyrm puK0dnmPf jriforonf rsupMd unfjcif;? tqif;xifjcif;? jrifEif k D d I f kd avmufatmif tvif;Sjd cif;? ESv;oGi;jcif;-[laom taMumif; 4-yg;vH; tpHtvif nDwaomtcg jzpfouJh kH f k k G f odYk yifwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh r,kwrvGeonfomvQif jzpfueaom xdxkd (qdi&m) taMumif; wkYd aMumif[k qdonf/ f f k f k k f h k
rSwfcsuf
1-t|uxmq&m vufxufqu ygVdo'gusrf;rsm; jynhjf ynfppkH rxGe;um;ao;aomaMumifh ygPdepaom D h kH f d ouwo'gusrf;rsm;udk Te[ef\/ odYk aomf ,cktcgrl xdouwo'gusrf;wkYd rS ygVdy#uESitnD xkwaqmif f dS k d hf f ypkxm;aom ygVdo'gusrf;rsm;vnf; SaeNyDjzpfaomaMumifh lyod'd o'ewd arm*vmef tpSaom o'gusrf; d D d wdYk rvnf; Sm ,lEi\/ xkwif trsm;odv,aom lyod'usrf;eHygwf 380-*grZeAEKo[m,m 'D[wmS kd f d G G f d d [laom okw\ 0kwukd MunfvQif a'0wm-yk'uJoYkd ouwfteuf? *grwm-ponf uJoYkd orl[ teufwYdk f d h f h h jzpfaMumif;odEi\/ kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;udp rSepmvnf; .... jzpfjcif;onf y#dporkyg'f rnf\-[k pyf,lyg/ xdk pum;&yf k JG f G taMumif;udk pG -[laom pum;jzifh y#dporkyg'f\ teufujkd yonf? rSepm-[laom pum;jzifh orkyg'-rS oH-\ J f G teufukd jyonf? vnf;-[laom edygwfy'jf zifh pGom jzpfonfr[kw?f rSepmvnf; jzpfonf[k aygif;qnf; k J f G jyonf? jzpfjcif;-[laom pum;jzifh Oyg'-\teufujkd yonf/ xkaMumifh y#dp + oH + Oyg'-y#dporkyg'd taMumif;udk pG rSepmjzpfjcif;-[k tajzmiftrSef o'geufukd &onf/ o'geuf twdi;yif aupd-tcsKdYq&m J f G h k f wdYk u ,lMuonf/ ,if;aupd q&mwdYk onf r[m0d[m&0goD *kP;om;xJu avm? tb,*D&0goD*P;om; d f d dk f aZw0e0goD *dP;om;wkYd xuavm? ZrK'Dy0goD rax&fwYdk avm - [k pdppfcaomf #DumtzGihf ponfrSaomaMumifh k f J hJ d rnfoYkd rQ rajzEdiay/ tu,f xdk 0g'onf ZrK'Dy0goD rax&fwYkd \ 0g'jzpfcygvQif tSir[marm*vyww k f hJ f d k d rax&fwYdkrS qif;oufvmaom 0g'vnf; jzpfEiaomaMumifh xdk 0g'udvnf; tav;teufy pOf;pm;oifay\/ kd f k h
184
2-yuwd0g'udk wDxicaom uydv&aohu yuwdonf yk&ornfaom twEihf aygif;pyfraomtcg G f hJ d S d ,if;yuwdrS r[mjzpfvmonf? r[mrS t[Hum&? ,if;rS wrw ig;yg;? aÈ 11-yg;wkYd jzpfvmMuonf/ wrwrS bkwyMf urf; ig;yg;jzpfvmonf/ tpOfjzifh oufoufravmuBuD; wckv; jzpfay:vmonf[k qd\/ f k dS hJ kH k tPk0g'udk wDxicaom uPm' &aohonf y&rmPkjrLuav;rsm;u aygif;pyf avmuBuD; wckv; jzpfyg; G f hJ kH G vmonf[k qd\/ tcsKdY omoemy &aohwYdk uvnf; &ac:aom bk&m;ocifu zefqif; jzpfvmonf[k k qdMk u\/ xdoYkd qkMd uonftwdi; yuwdy&o-tPk-& wkYd aMumifh jzpfvmonf[qvQif rSepmjzpfjcif; k h k f k d k kd f G r[kw?f xdk omoemywdwq&mwdYk BuHqxm;aom uywdy&o paom taMumif;ESihf pyfqijf cif;rSyJ t0dZm d k d kd d tpSaom taMumif;rSef oufoufaMumifomvQif jzpfjcif;udk rSepm jzpfjcif;[k qdvaMumif; odapvkaomaMumifh d h f G k dk d oH-rSepm-[k qdonf/ xdk rSepm-[lonfrmvnf; wdwwYdk BuHqtyfaom yuwd yk&opaomtaMumif;udk riJyf G k f G S d d h J xdk taMumif;rsm;ESihf rpyfrqdiyJ t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;rSef oufoufaMumifh omvQif[k qdvaMumif; k f d k dk pum;&yfjzifh zGijhf yonf/ xkYd aMumifh wdwwYdk BuHqtyfaom yuwdy&o paomtaMumif;udk riJy-[laom d k d h J pum;&yfukd rSepm-[laom yk'\tzGihf [krw/ yuwd0g'onfwYdk ukd tus,fovvQif 0do'r*f r[m#Dumed, f G f S f d kd k d pwkwwJG pmrsufEm 211-ponf Munfyg/ S h
rSwfcsuf
1-aupd0g'DwYkd tvdtm;jzifh xkwjf ycJaom y#dporkyg'f okwrsm;udyif om"utjzpf xkwjf yzG,f k h f k Sday\/ taMumif;rlum; ]]{0arw au0v 'kuuE ork'a,m a[mwd/ t,H 0kpwd bdua0 y#dporkyga'g-tpOfjzifh csrf;omESihf ra&mr,Suf oufouf qif;&Jtpk\omvQif jzpfay:jcif; Sacsonf/ d &[ef;wdYk (jzpfay:jcif;) oabmudk y#dporkyg'f-[kqtyf\}} [laom pum;&yf taMumif; tqufqufaMumifh kd tusKd;tqufquf qif;&Jtpk\ jzpfay:jcif;udyif y#dporkyg'f-[k odap vkouJoYkd SaomaMumifh aywnf;/ k d h d
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wdYk jzpfMuonf ponfjzifh jzpfpOftm;avsmpm ESv;oGi;onfukd f G kH f tEkvkH (tavsmf)tm;jzifh ESv;oGi;onf[if;? t0dZmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd \ csKyfjcif;jzpfonf ponfjzifh kH f l jzpfpOfEihf ajymif;jyefEv;oGi;onfukd y#dvkH (tjyef) tm;jzifh ESv;oGi;onf[if; qdonf/ S S kH f kH f l k 2-(rdeYf qjkd cif;aMumifh .... vufO;ESv;oGi;aejcif;) rnf\-[k pyfyg/ D kH f
rSwfcsuf
1-y#dporkyg'fudk .... avmuork',[l .... jyawmfrltyfayonf - [k pyfyg/ 2-t&m aupdwYdk u ]]jzpfjcif;rQudk y#dporkyg'f-[k qdonf r[kwyg/ pifppftm;jzifrl taMumif;udp k f h k JG rSepm jzpfjcif;-taMumif;rSeaMumifh jzpfjcif;udom y#dporkyg'f[k qkygonf? xdtaMumif;rSeaMumifh jzpfjcif;onf f G f k d k f um; tvGeeufeygonf? bk&m;yapuAk'gESihf bk&m; wynfrsm;omvQif odEiygonf}}[k acsyzG,\/ t0dZm f J h kd f f dS paom taMumif;rSeaMumifh jzpfjcif;udk reufe[k rqdoifay? atmufxpfq; tm;jzifh O',A,PfEihf jynhpaom f J k h kH S f kH a,m*DwYdk omvQif xdjk zpfjcif;udk ud,yiPfjzifh odEiMf uayonf/ tcsufukd 0do'r*f 'k? 267? 268-wkYd k f kd f kd k d O',-jzpfjcif;jrifaom Pfukd cs;usL;xm;aom pum;rsm;ESihf vnf;ES;aESmMunfoif\/ D D h h
rSwfcsuf
1-y#dporkyg'fukd enf;av;yg;jzifh wefqmqif zGijhf yMuonf[k qdv\/ k kd 2- y#dpo'gonfvnf; .... aS;Bud,m ,SOtyfonfjzpf .... tusKd;NyD;jcif;udk ywwfayonf-[k f pyfyg/ ]]vnf;}} - [laom edygwfjzifh tjcm; wGmyp,Ersm;om r[kw?f y#dpo'gonfvnf; aS;Bud,m ,SOtyfygrS tusKd;udk NyD;aponf - [k aygif;qnf;jy\/ f
185
3-ESxm bkOw-a&csKd;NyD; pm;\-[k qd&m a&csK;jcif;Bud,m pm;jcif;Bud,mwkYd ukd yoluwm;onf G d k d wa,mufwnf;yif jzpfonf/ bkwmo,wd-pm;NyD; tdy\-[k qk&mvnf; pm;jcif;Bud,m tdyjf cif; Bud,mwkYd ukd G f d yoluwm;onf wa,mufwnf;yif jzpfonf/ xdtwl pGr jzpfjcif;-[k qkaom t&mvnf; pGrjDS cif;Bud,mESihf k J DS d J jzpfjcif;Bud,mwkYd rm uwm;wckwnf;Soifonf? xkoYkd uwm;wlaom Bud,m 2-ck S&mwGif aS;Bud,m S d h d d wGmyp,Ey'ukd ,SO&onf? xkoYkd ,SOygrS tusKd;NyD;jcif;udk ywwfonf[k qdv\/ k f f d f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-puKO y#dp layp OyZwd puK0dnmPH-rsufpEihf tqif;wdYk ukd pGr puK0dnmPfjzpfay:onf-[l&m d S J DS pGrjDS cif;Bud,mESihf jzpfay:jcif;Bud,m 2-yg;vH;rSm puK0dnmPf-[laom uwm;wckwnf;om S y#dp-o'gonf J k d 0gus\teufukd odem;vnfjcif; [laom tusKd;udk NyD;apEdionf/ xkYd twlyif vnf; pGrjDS cif;Bud,mESihf jzpfjcif; k f J Bud,m 2-yg;vH;rSm wckwnf;aom uwm; Soifonf-[kqv\/ t&mwGif ykAumv wGmypn;jzifh o'gkyf k d h dk kd f NyD;yHukd tus,fovvQif 0do'r*f#umed, wwd,wGJ ESm 547-ponf? 565-ponfwYdk Munfyg/ k d kd k d D h 2-aupdq&mwkYd \ 0g' orkyg'-yk'onf uwm;a[mr[kwf abmBud,ma[m bm0om"ejzpf uwm; f rS?d xkYd aMumifh aS;Bud,m y#dp-[k wGmypn;jzifh o'gkyrNyD;Edi/ uwm;[laom (uwm;wckwnf;om Saom) f f k f d Bud,m 2-ckwYdk wif aS;Bud,m wGmypn; ouf&rnf[aom o'gpnf;urf; ysufonf[k qdv\/ odYk aomf aupd G f l k kd q&mwkYd tvktm;jzifh 0do'r*f 'k? 302-aMumif;a& 20- *E tb,Xmae XmeH-oGm;NyD; ab;rS&m t&yf d k d d wnfjcif;-[laom pum;uJoYkd if;? if; 303-aMumif;a& 15- yvm,dwm tb, a'aoXmeH-ajy;NyD; h G ab;rS&m t&yf wnfjcif;-[laom pum;uJhodkYif;? if; 304-aMumif;a& 8- tmk,S edo'eH wufNyD; d D xdiaejcif; [laompum; uJoYkdif;? y#dp-pGr? orkyga'g-rSepm jzpfjcif; [laom teufonfvnf; o'genf; k f h J DS f G rysuf oif&mygonf[k acsyzG,ay\/ yk'teufrsKd; o'genf; rysufaMumif;udk 0do'r*f r[m#Dum 'k? 237? h f dS f k d aMumif;a& 28-ponf tus,fi;vif; jyxm;onf/ S f
rSwfcsuf
1-bm0 tjzpf jzpfaMumif; - t&wl\? o'y0werwu&\/ ygVdynmSifwdkY\ t&momjzpfonf/ d d d f kd
rSwfcsuf
1-y#d-rsuarSmuf + p-odyf - odxuaom tusKd;w&m; = y#dp-rsufarSmuf odtyf-odxuaom f kd f kd f tusKd;w&m;/ tvdtm;jzifh y#dpo'gonf wGmyp,E r[kw?f ws - yp,Ejzpf y#dapm y#dpm y#dp-[k k H vdio;yg;Saom o'gjzpfonf/ wdvif y#dp - o'gudk ygVdy#u xifm; rawGY&? y#dor'gr*fygVd ESm 50- f kH d d d S d t0dZm y#dp-ponfjzifh S&mwGivnf; ,if;\ t|uxm wsyp,E wGmyp,E 2-rsK;vH; zGijhf yxm;aomaMumifh d f d k rjywfom;yJ\/ puKO y#dp - ponfjzifh wGmyp,E omvQif txiftSm; awGY&\/ dS
rSwfcsuf
1-oH-wuG-aygif;wnf;+0g-rSefpGm + Oyg'-jzpfay:onf = orkyg' - waygif;wnf; rSepm jzpfay:aom f G tusK;w&m;/ d 2-y#dp-rsufarSmufoxuaom + orkyg'-waygif;wnf; rSepmjzpfaom tusKd;w&m; = y#dporkyg' d kd f f G rsufarSmuf odxuaom waygif;wnf; rSepmjzpfaom tusKd;w&m;/ 0pewtvdk o'geuftm;jzifh tusKd;w&m; kd f f G udom rkcs&\? y#dporkyE-ESifh t&wlvsuf S\/ k d 3-oH - twlwuG + Oyg' - jzpfaomw&m; = orkyg' - twlwuG waygif;wnf; jzpfaomw&m;/
186
4-y#dp-taMumif; nDwjf cif;udp + orkyg'-waygif;wnf; jzpfaom w&m; = y#dporkyg'-taMumif; G k JG nDwjf cif;udk pG waygif;wnf;jzpfaom w&m;/ rkcstm;jzifh tusKd;w&m;udyif & y#dporkyE-ESihf t&wlyif G J k \? jzpfonf/ pyfyg/ 5-taMumif;taygif;udvnf; .... y#dporkyg'f [lomvQif zvlypm (....)jzifh a[mawmfrl (tyf) onf-[k k
rSwfcsuf
1-0pew 2-enf; y#dporkyE-o'guJoYkd yif rkcstm;jzifh tusKd;w&m; udom&\/ xdktusKd;\ h k y#dporkyg'-[laom trnfukd taMumif; wifpm; taMumif;w&m;wkYd yif y#dporkyg'-[k a[mawmfronf-[k l qd\/ k 2-xkdtaMumif;taygif;udk .... y#dp-[k qdtyf\-[k pyfyg/ k 3-y#d-aS;I+p-a&muftyfonf = y#dp-taMumif;w&m; tcsif;csif; aS;Ia&muftyfonf/ oH;acsmif; k axmufrsm; wacsmif;wacsmif;u tjcm; 2-acsmif;udk rS&ouJoYkd qdi&mtusKd; NyD;ap&eftwGuif;? rdrwYdk D h k f f d taMumif;t*FgpHvif nDwap&eftwGuif; tcsif;csif; aS;I uyfa&muftyfonf? pGrtyfonf [lyif qdv\/ k G f f J DS k dk taMumif;w&m;udyif &\/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-oH-waygif;wnf; jzpfwwfaom tusKd;w&m;wkYd ukd + Oyg'-jzpfapwwfaom w&m; = orkyg' waygif;wnf; jzpfwwfaom tusK;w&m;wkYd ukd jzpfapwwfaomw&m;/ d 2-y#dp-tcsif;csif; aS;I uyfa&muftyfonf jzpf+orkyg'-waygif;wnf; jzpfwwfaom tusKd;w&m; wkYd ukd jzpfapwwfaom taMumif;w&m; = y#dporkyg'-tcsif;csif; aS;I uyfa&muftyfonf jzpf waygif;wnf; jzpfwwfaom tusK;w&m;wdYk ukd jzpfapwwfaom taMumif;w&m;/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-y#dp-tcsif;csif;udk pGJrSD+orkyg'-tusKd;w&m;wkYd ukd tnDtGwf wydieuf jzpfapwwfaom w&m; = f y#dporkyg'-tcsif;csif;udk pGr tusKd;w&m;wkYd ukd tnDtGwf wydieuf jzpfapwwfaom w&m;/ y#dporkyg'f J DS f [lomvQif-[laom pum;jzifh odYk - [laom yk'\ qdv&if; teufukd zGijhf yonf/ f k kd 2-yk*Kd vfow0g[k ac:aom twaumifonf ysufp;jcif;rS?d cEmud,Bf uD; ysufp;oGm;aomfvnf; olu D k D rysuf? wae&m&m wnfNrJvsuf Sonf[k ,lqajymqkaom 0g'onf ow0g' rnf\/ d d 3-csrf;omjcif; qif;&Jjcif;onf taMumif;rS?d tqifoifonftm;avsmfpm tvdvjkd zpfay:onf[k ,lq h G k ajymqkaom 0g'onf ta[wk0g' rnf\/ d 4-yuwd tPk umvponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh avmujzpfaeonf[k ,lqajymqdaom 0g'onf f k 0dora[wk0g' - rnDwaom taMumif;-rSm;,Gi;aomtaMumif;udk ,HMk unfaom 0g'rnf\/ G f f 5-& yk&o yZmywd[ac:aom bk&m;ocifu zefqif;jcif;aMumifh jzpfonf[k ,lqajymqkaom d k d 0g'onf 0o0w0g' - bk&m;ocif\ tvdtwdi;[k ,HMk unfaom0g' rnf\/ d k k f
187
rSwfcsuf
rnf\/ 1-aoaomtcg ow0gonf vH;0rSawmhyJ jywfpom;onf[k ,lqajymqkaom 0g'onf Oap'0g' k d J G d 2-ukovuH tukovuH tusKd;rS[k ,lqajymqkaom0g'onf ewu 0g'rnf\/ kd f kd f d d d 3-owfjcif;? cd;,lv,ufjcif; - ponfukd yaomfvnf; tukovuH rjzpf? ay;vjcif;? owfrrMS uOfaSmif k k kd f I jcif; - ponfukd yaomfvnf; ukovurjzpf - [k ,lqajymqkaom 0g'onf tud&,0g'rnf\/ kd f H d d 4-xdxtusKd;w&m;wdYk \ jzpfoifjh cif;aMumifh .... tusifvrf;rSeukd jyawmfrl (tyf)\-[k pyfyg/ k kd h f 5-ow Oap'-[k qdtyfaom tzdYk -tpGe; 2-yg;okYd ruyfa&mufr qdi&m taMumif;wkYd aMumifh k f l k f oifavsmfaom tusKd;\jzpfjcif;udk t&m tv,fvrf;tusifh - [k qdv\/ h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ur0#fEihf 0dygu0#fonf oabmtm;jzifif;? jzpf&mumvtm;jzifif; uGjJ ym;aomaMumifh y#dporkyg'f S h h udk odotm; ]]yolonfyif cHpm;&onf}} [laom t,l0g'uif;\/ uHjzpfcaom kyemrftpOf oEmefyifvQif l hJ f tusKd;jzpfay:jcif;aMumifh ]]ylou wjcm;? cHpm;olu wjcm;}} [laom t,l0g'vnf; uif;\/ tb,faMumifh l h enf;[lrl Zuwenf;t&tm;jzifh ycduyemrfEihf cHpm;cduyemrfonf wckwnf;aom tpOf jzpf wa,muf k f k f S k f k f wnf;yif[k qktyfaomaMumifh aywnf;/ d 2-y#dporkyg'fukd odorm taMumif;tusKd; kyemrf tpOfrQom[k oabmusaeaomaMumifh omref l S f yk*Kd vfrsm;rSmuJoYkd e,fy,f t&yfo;pum; trnfynwft&m rde;rpifppf - a,musm;pifppf ponf taetm;jzifh h kH f f NrJNrHpm pGvrf;rIuif;\/ G J 3-ow0g [lonfrm kyuqoavm? a0'em ponfwYdkukd qkoavm ponfjzifh a0befcjJG cm;jcif;udk S f kd dk d ryrl ac:a0: ajymqkdkd;twdkif; ow0g a,musfm;-rde;r td;cGuf - ponfjzifh ajymqdk oH;pGjJ cif;onf avmuoH; f k k k trnfynwfukd rausmvejf cif; - ry,fjcif; rnf\/ f G 4-t&m #Dumq&mzGijhf yaom 0pewtxl;wckukd xkwjf ytH/ h y#dp-pGroifaom taMumif;udk pGr+oH-pyfaom tusKd;\+Oyg'-jzpfjcif;=y#dporkyg' J DS h J DS -pGroifaom taMumif;udpr pyf&m tusKd;\jzpfjcif;/ twdcsKyftm;jzifh pGr tusKd;\ jzpfjcif; J DS h k JG DS k J DS [k qdv\/ jycJaom t|uxm 0pewrsm;xuf rSw&efv,uay\/ odkYaomf tusKd;\ jzpfjcif; k kd h f G f l rQukd r,lyJ jzpfap wwfaom owEiwuG taMumif;udk y#dporkyg'f-[k aumuf,&efvnf; d S hf l Tejf yoGm;\/ t|uxm jycJaom zvlypmrsK;yif[k ,l&m\/ 0pew aupdwYdk \ 0pew h d uJoYkdyif o'genf;ysujf cif;tjypf rjzpf&mNyDavm[k apm'emzG,aomaMumifh xdtcsuuvnf; h f dS k f kd us,fjyefYpm ajzSi;jyxm;onf/ G f t&m xkwjf yaom 0pewwYdkwif aupdwYdk\ 0pewudk ]]obm0us tSif;qHk; G tajzmifq;}} [k oabmus\/ xdk 0pew orkyg'rS oH-o'gudk ]]'kuuE ork'a,m h kH a[mwd? t0dZmork',m lyork'a,m}} tpSaom ygXfwYdk ork',rS oH-o'guJoYkd teufx; d h l rS[qvQif omSi;vif;&m\/ taMumif;rlum; y#dporkyg'fukd jrwfpmbk&m; a[mawmfrjl cif; d k kd f G onf tusKd;w&m;wkYd rSepm tnDtGwf waygif;wnf; jzpfrjzpf? pyfaomtusKd; [kwr[kwukd f G f f odapvk&if;aMumifh r[kway/ ]]t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg& tpSaom tusKd;w&m; d f d d rQom wenf;tm;jzifh q ;&JtpkrQom jzpfjcif;Sonf? csrf;om[lif; tpOfwnfaeaom yk*Kd vf if d ow0g twaumif[if; rS}d }[k odapvk&if;aMumifomvQif jzpfayonf/ tcsufukd l d h av;eufpm ESv;oGi;qifjcifyguke/ xkYd aMumifh y#dp - taMumif;udk pGr + orkyg' - tusKd;\ G kH f f J DS
188
jzpfay:jcif; = y#dporkyg' - taMumif;udk pGr tusKd;\jzifay:jcif;/ 0pewt& taMumif; J DS tqufqufaMumifh tusKd;tqufquf jzpfay:jcif;udk y#dporkyg'f ac:onf[k ajymqk&vQif d odem;vnfv,jf cif; tusKd;S&m\/ ,ckacwf twdi;yif ajyma[maeMuayonf/ G d k f
rSwfcsuf
1-aS;q&mwkYd rqdtyfaom rSm;aomteufujkd yvQif q&mwkYd ukd pGyp&m a&muf\? xdoYkd rjyojzifh k f JG k pGypjJG cif; rSr teuftzGiukd yoifonf[k qdv\/ f d l hf h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-aS;aS;b0rsm;u Scaom xdk pdw0nmPfonf yifvQif ,ckb0wdiatmif ajymif;aTYvmcJonf? d hJ f d k f h wpdwwnf;yif jzpfonf-[k bk&m;a[monfukd odem;vnfygonf - ponfjzifh qdvQif puK0dnmPfonf rNrJ f k ponfjzifh a[mxm;aom okwygVdawmfrsm;udk y,fjrpfonf xdcuaponf rnf\/ f kd f 2-arxke"r tpSaom tE&m,fywwfonfh trIwYdk ukd rS0aomfvnf; &[ef;rSm tE&m,fukd rywwf d D J aMumif; bk&m;a[monfukd odem;vnfygonf? tdrrufx usK;vGeraMumifvnf; tmywfoifonf? odYk f J f I h h ponfjzifqvQif 0denf;udk ravsmaponf qefYusiaponf rnf\/ h kd f f 3-r[mya'o 4-yg;wkYd ukd okwr[m0gygVd ESm 102? if;\ t|uxm ESm 155-ponfwYdk Munfyg/ f h 4-ow0g-[lonfum; ow0grS qdwoO;onf\ tjzpf[l q&mwkYd zGiqMkd u\? xdoYkdyifqMdk u f k f hf k aomfvnf; pifppfrmrl ow0grS qdwoO;aom ocFg&wkYd ow0g [laom a0g[m&onfif; ow0g\ S f k f vdtyfaom udpN yD;pD;jcif;onfif; (todcuf tajymcuf\)/ (0do'r*fr[m#Dum)/ k k d /ow a0g[m& [lonf um; ow0g[kjzpfaom trnfwnf;/ ,if;udk jrifEiconf[k qkoifaypG? tpOfoEmeftm;jzifh rjywfjzpfae kd f J d h ukeaom kyemrfw&m; taygif;wkYd ukd pGr ow0g[laom trnf ynwfonf (jzpf\)/ xdk ow0g ynwfonf f f J DS xdpr&m kyemrfwYdk rS wyg;tjcm;pifppf r[kw[aom tzdYk wyg;wjcm; pifppf[wf onf[aom tzdYk wYdk ukd k JG DS f f l k l ruyfr (xdow0g taMumif;ud) trSetwki; aumif;pGm,ljcif;ESihf (olwyg;tm;) odatmifajymjyjcif;udk l k k f d f y#dporkyg'f ruRr;usiaom olonf yEdicjJ zpfapEdic\/ (tEk#um) xuf tus,fovvQif 0do'r*f f f k f k f J D d kd k d r[m#Dumed, wwd,wGJ ESm 575-6 wkYd rSwcsuukd Munhfyg/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-axmufwnf&mudk r&Edif [lonfrm ud,yiPfjzifh r&Edionfukd qdonf/ (#Dum) k S k f kd f k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-aemufumv jzpfaom txl;-[lonfum; (em,l&ef) tm;xkwp yaomtcgrSp cPwdi; cPwdi; f k f k f (rjzpfb;ao;aom) todPf txl;udif; udavomukejf cif; txl;udif; &\? um; qdvaom teufay l k k k dk wnf;/ (#Dum) 2-tprSyifvQif .... odtyf\-[k pyfyg/ 3-xkdYtwl-[l&m wloif&mudomqdonf? EG,ukd aqmif,o\ tjrpft&if;udom jrifjcif; ponfwYdkEihf h k k f l l k S um; wlonf[k rqdv/ k kd
189
rSwfcsuf
1-av;yg; tjym;Saom eufeonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&mufjcif;aMumifh - [l&m ]]"r tw a'oem y#da0" d J [laom eufeaom t&mwdYk axmufwnf&mud&ojzifh NrJNrHpm wnfonf\ tjzpfaMumif}h } [l ajzmifaom J k G h teufukd odtyf\ (#Dum)/ 2-a[maom a'emonf .... (a[maoma'oem) jzpfayonf[k odtyf\-[k pyfyg/ a'oD,wd {wm,-[k 0pewy ]]a[maMumif; jzpfaom a'oem}}[k qdoifaomfvnf; jrefrmpum; k fh acsmap&ef ]]a[maom a'oem}}[k qdxm;onf/ a'oemyk'ukd a[mjcif;[k jyefvQif yXr 'kw, a'oem 0gus k f d wkYd acsmaomfvnf; wwd, pwkw a'oem 0guswkYd um; racsm/ wmok ,m tpSaom aemufq; 0gusum; d kH xdk a[mjcif;[laom teufonf vH;0yifroif/ xdYk aMumifh ,if;yk'ukd ]]a[maom a'oem}} [lyif jyefonf/ k h f xkYd jyif y0wm-yk'ukd a[mwd-yk'uoYkd yif yuwd 0duwduwm;wkYd Eihf ,SOap jyefapjcif;rSmvnf; 0gus f f hJ S f jrefrmpum; acsmap&eftwGuyif jzpfonf/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-xdxqif;&J\ .... taMumif;udk - [k pyfyg/ k dk 2-ESm 28-2 rSwcsuftwdi; jzpfonf/ f k f
rSwfcsuf
1-yuwd0g'udk tus,fovvQif 0do'r*fr[m#Dumed, pwkwwJG ESm 211-ponf Munfyg/ d kd k d h
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dZmESihf wPSm[laom tpOftm;avsmfpm 'k*wd ok*wd-[k qdoifaomfvnf; ygVdo'genf;t& G d k h 'Geormof taumif; tjrwfukd aSYxm;&aomaMumifh ok*wd 'k*w-[k 0do'r*f qdxm;onf? xktpOftwdi;yif f d k d k d k f jyefxm;onf/ 2-ykxZOfy*Kd vfonf .... uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\ - [k pyfyg/ k k f 3-ESypuf (tyf) aomaMumifh .... a&aEG;ylaomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkybd ouJodkY - [k pyfyg/ d f f h 4-a&aEG;ylukd aomufjcif;onf xdk EGm;rrSm om,mzG,vnf; rS?d ol\ tusKd;rJuvnf; aqmifwwf f h kd jzpfapwwf\? odYk yifjzpfapumrl (odYk yif jzpfjim;aomfvnf;) a&aEG;yl aomufjcif;udk xdk EGm;r yonf[k qdv\/ k dk 5-udavomjzifh ylavmifjcif;aMumifh .... uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\ - [k pyfyg/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-ykxZOfy*Kd vfonf .... uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\-[k pyfyg/ k k f 2-a&at;udk qmavmifawmifwojzifh .... a&at;aomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkyouJoYkd - [k pyfyg/ h f h 3-udavom tyluif;jcif;aMumihf .... uHtrsKd;rsKd;udk tm;xkwf yvky\-[k pyfyg/ f
190
4-o0&ac:aom vli;wkYd onf (EGm;udowfvQif) tk;ESitom; ruyfap&ef tBudrBf udrf rD;ylwu dk f k d hf kd f kuEuNf yD;vQif a&aEG;ylukd aomufap 0rf;ouf (apuke\? xkoYkd 0rf;oufap) NyD;aom zl;zl;a&mifvsuf tk;rS d f S f d d tom;uGmxGuaeaom EGm;udk owfMuowJ?h xdYk aMumifh rD;yljzifh tuifc&jcif; - tpSaom Oyrm pum;udk f H d t|ux q&mqkayonf/ xdk Oyrm towfc&rnfh EGm;onf rodrt0dZm ESypufc&onf\ tjzpfaMumifh tqdyg d H I d f H k a&aEG;ylaomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl ykxZOf yk*Kd vfonf tqdyg 'k*woYkd a&mufapwwfaom f h k k d uHukd (tm;xkwf yvky\)/ xkYd jyif xdEm;onf a&aEG;yl aomufjcif; tjypfjrif wPSm\ tpGrtm;jzifh a&at; f k G f aomufjcif;udk tm;xkwf yvkyouJoYkd xdYk twl ykxZOf yk*Kd vfonf t0dZm tvGetm;BuD;aomaMumifh 'k*woYkd f h k f d a&mufapwwfaom uH tjypfjrif wPSm\ tpGr;jzifh ok*wdoYkd a&mufapwwfaom uHukd tm;xkwf yvky\/ f f rSeay\? qif;&J t0dZmodYk wPSmu aemufrvu\? csrf;om wPSmodYk t0dZmu aemufrvu\/ (#Dum f S kd f S kd f tzGi) t&m *g0D[qaomfvnf; EGm;rudom r,loif?h EGm;omrefukd ,loif\? taMumif;rlum;-o0&wkYd onf hf k dk k h EGm;xD;udvnf; owfMurnfjh yif *g0D-o'gonfvnf; EGm;omrefukd a[mEdiaomaMumifh aywnf;/ k k f
rSwfcsuf
vufonf;uGi; twGi;upum;onf {0H - odYk [aom yk'\ tzGijhf zpfonf/ f f l f
1-qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; .... tqHk;tjzwfudk odtyf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dE, - aemif 0dEwd - teuf t - ypn;ouf? E, - ukd 's - y? wzef 's - udk Z - y d f d xDviaZmwu tm - ypn;ESiwuG t0dZm - [k kyNf yD; aptyf\/ tvdk t0dZm[lonfrm r&xduaom d f f hf S k f um,'kpkuf ponfukd &wwf - jzpfapwwfaomw&m; - [k qdv\/ d k kd 2-jynfapjcif; - qnf;yl;jcif;iSg oifaomteufoabmaMumifh - [k qdv\/ h h k kd 3-e+0dE,rS - t0dZm - [k kyNf yD;aptyf\/ 4-t0d'w-rodtyfonfu?kd ua&mwd-ywwf\-[laom teuf t0d'w-aemif t-ypn;ouf? wd H d f udacs? 'd-rS -ud k ,-y? 's-udk Z-y t0dZm-[k kyNf yD;aptyf\/ odYk r[kwf t0d'w-\ y&d,m,f jzpfaom k d t0d's-aemif t-ypn;ouf? 's-udk Z-y NyD;aptyf\/ tzGirsm;jzifyif e 0d'wDw-rodwwfaomaMumif?h f hf h d t0dZm? t0dZmrnf\-[laom 0pewEi?hf 0d'wDw-odwwfaomaMumif?h 0dZm-0dZmrnf\/ 0dZm-odwwfonf? e S d r[kw?f wd-taMumif;aMumif?h t0dZm-t0dZm rnf\-[laom 0pew wkYd uvnf; jyonf[k ,ltyf\/ kd rSeay\? rodtyfonfukd yjcif;-rodatmifyjcif;onf odwwfaomPf\ qefYusifzufjzpfonf/ t0dZm-yk' f f t-o'gonfvnf; qefYusifzufukd a[m\? xkYd aMumifh t0dZm[lonfrm odwwfaom 0dZmPf\ qefYusizuf S f aywnf;? odwwfaomPf\ qefYusizuf [lonfrmvnf; trSeukd rodr tvTtrSm;udk odwwf-odap f S f l J wwfaom w&m;aywnf;/ odYk jzpf rodtyfonfukd yonfqaom pum;ESihf odwwfaomPf\ qefYusizuf dk f [laom pum;onf wlnvsuf\/ xkYd aMumifh qkcaom 0pewwYdk uvnf; jyjcif;jzpfonf[k odtyf ayonf/ D dS d hJ kd
rSwfcsuf
1-tE0&[daw-tqH; tydi;tjcm; uif;aom oHo&m? Z0gaywd - ajy;oGm;apwwf\ - [laom d k k f 0pew tE-rS t-udif;? 0d&[daw-rS 0d-udif;? Z0gaywd-rS Z-udif; ,lNyD;vQif <uif;aom tu&mwkYd ukd k k k acs Z-tu&mwvH;udvnf; vmapum t0dZm-[k qdonf/ (#Dum) k k k
191
2-t0dZrmaeok-xifSm;rSdaom ynwfwYdk? Z0wd-ajy;oGm;wwf-jzpfwwf\-[laom 0pew t0dZm rmeZ0-rS t0dZm-[k kyNf yD;aptyf\/ 0dZmrmaeokyd cEm'Do-xifm;Saom cEmponfwYdk vnf;? e Z0wd? k S d roGm;wwf-rNrJwwf-[laom 0pew e+0dZrme+Zm0 rS t0dZm-[k NyD;aptyf\/ acsoifonfukd acsvmoifh h onfukd vmapum e-udk t-y NyD;aptyf\/ 3-o'geufujkd yqkNd yD;vQif obm0teufukd jyjcif;iSg tydp-wenf;aomfum; onfukd (t|uxm q&m) qdtyfayonf/ (#Dum) #DumESitnD zH;vTr;wwfaomaMumifh t0dZmrnf\-[laom pum;rSm 0pew o'geuf k hf k f r[kw?f qkvtyfaom obm0teufjzpfonf[k rSw&m\/ xdk obm0teuf y#dporkyg'fw&m;ESihf y#dporkyef d kd f w&m;wkYd ukd zH;vTr;jcif;onf puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ 0wKESihf tmkwYdk ukd zH;vTr;jcif;jzifvnf; NyD;pD;onf[k k f H k f h #Dum jyqd\/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-ywd-y#dp-pGJrSD + t,-{wd-jzpfonf = ywd + t, = yws,=yp, jzpf&ef pGrcaom taMumif; J DS hJ pGr jzpfaMumif;/ J DS 2-tzGionf ]]t0dZmyp,m ocFg&m-t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wdYk jzpfMuonf}} [laom hf rl&if;pum; Scaom ]]t0dZmyp,m-t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumif}h } [laom yk'ukd olY&if; 0dbwfEihf jyef d hJ f dS S jyaom tzGijhf zpfonf/ 0dbwsEo0Pem 0dbwftqk;Sonfh twdi;jyaomtzGihf [lvnf; ac:\/ jrefrmjyef H H d k f um; tzGijhf zifh tusKd;rSay/ d 3-yjyif-[k qdaomfvnf; ta[mif;udk yjyifjcif;um; r[kw?f topfyjcif; topfjzpfapjcif;udom k k ocFg& - yk't&m qkvonf/ f d dk 4-t0dZmaMumifjh zpfaom ocFg&wdYk onf ocFg&o'gjzifh vmaom ocFg&wkYd twGi;0ifuejf im;aomfvnf; f k ,if; ocFg&wkYd onf y#dporkyg'f a'oem y"mevk&if; jzpfMuaomaMumifh ,if;ocFg&wkYd ukd toD;tjcm;xkw d f qdkxm;onf/ xkdYaMumifh 2-yg;tjym;Sd\ [l&m ocFg&o'gjzifhvmaom ocFg& 4-yg;xJu tbdocF&PuocFg& udk csef <uif;aom ocFg& 3-yg;udomvQif ocFg&o'gjzifvmaom ocFg&[l ,SOaptyf-,ltyf\/ k h f wenf;um; ocFg&o'gjzifvmaom ocFg&wkYd [laompum;jzifh ocFg&tm;vH; taygif;udk qkonf? xdtaygif;\ h k d k (taygif;xJr) tpdwjf zpfaom t0dZmyp,ocFg&wkYd ukd zGi&rnfh ocFg&tjzpfjzifh ,ltyfue\/ xkYd aMumifh S hf k f zGi&rnfocFg&ESihf tvH;pHukd odr;,lonfh ocFg&wkYd tvdtm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sdonf\tjzpfukd qdxm;onf[k hf h k k f k k odtyf\/ (#Dum)
rSwfcsuf
1-tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom - [laompum;jzifh wpdwwa'ovnf;jzpfaom [kaygif;qnf;\/ tvHk;pHkvnf; k k f ocFwocFg& rnfonf? wpdwwydi;vnf; ocFwocFg&rnfonf[k qdv\/ aemufvnf; odYk aom pum;udk f k f k kd enf;wlyif odygav/ 2-ocFw uH pdwf Owk tm[m& paom qdi&mtaMumif;wkYd u aygif;pk nDw ytyf - jzpfaptyfaom k f G f + ocFg& - ocFg&w&m; = ocFwocFg&qdi&m taMumif;wdYk u aygif;pknw ytyfaom ocFg&w&m;/ k f D G f 3-tbd-aS;I ybdouJoYkd + ocFw - ytyfaom + ocFg& - ocFg&w&m; = tbdocFwocFg& h ighOpm[k aS;Iyovdyif uHuytyfaom ocFg&w&m;? uHaMumifjh zpfaom avmuD0ygufEihf urZkyf w&m;rsm;yif k d S jzpfonf/ ,if;wdYk onf uHtaMumif;uytyfaom ocFwocFg&yif jzpfjim;aomfvnf; uHu ighOpmtaetm;jzifh jzpfaptyfaomaMumifh xl;uJaom ocFw jzpfonf[aom tvkjd zifh t|uxm ,if;wkYd ukd tbdocFwocFg&[k l txl;xkw qdxm;onf/ (#Dum) f k
192
rSwfcsuf
1-tbdocF&Pu - aS;Iywwfaom? 0g? txl;ojzifh ywwfaom + ocFg& - ocFg&w&m; = tbdocFg&-aS;Iywwfaom? 0g? txl;ojzifh ywwfaom ocFg&w&m;? t0dZmyp,ocFg&ESihf t&wlyif jzpfonf/ 2-ya,m* - ,SOaprI? 0g - tm;xkwrI + tbdocFg& - aS;IyrI? 0g-txl;yrI = ya,m*gbdocFg& f f ud,Ewpwjf zifh tm;xkwr[aom yvkyr?I ud,Ewpwjf zifh aMumifMh uAsmyg& pdurI - tm;xkwryif jzpfonf/ k f I f d f I l f k f I f d k f f I
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifh yp, - \teufukd t0dZmyp,m - yk' jycJonftwdi;od&ef? t0dZm-ESihf yp,ormof f h h k f wGpyfouJoYkd ocFg&ponfEihf ormof wGpyfyrsm;udk od&efejf yonf/ J h S J kH T 2-'kua0'emonf jzpfqEiwnfq qif;&JapwwfaomaMumifh 2-yg; tjym;tm;jzifh wl;zdwwfonf[k J S hf J qkdonf/
rSwfcsuf
1- or0Ed - yk'pyf,Oyukd jy&m ]]or0Eo'g\ ,SOpyfjcif;udk ytyf\}}[k ygVdom; twdi;rjyefr f S f Hk d f G k f l jrefrmpum;acsmap&ef ]]or0E jzpfue\ - [laomyk'fudk .... pyf,Otyfay\}}[k jyefxm;onf/ aemufvnf; k f S f ygVdom;twdi; twdtus r[kw&m enf;yif[k rSe,yguke/ xkYd jyif or0Ed - yk'pyf,Oyukd t|uxm G k f f f l f f S f kH jyqkjd cif;rSmvnf; y#dporkyg'f ygVdr&if;twGuom jzpfonf/ jrefrmjyefrlum; t|uxm tzGiEitnD l f hf S hf ]]ocFg&wkdY jzpfMuonf? 0dnmPf jzpfonf}}-odYk ponfjzifh ,SOoifaom yk'wi;ESihf ,SOjf yxm;NyD;jzpfaomaMumifh f h f kd f aemufxyf jznfpuf pyf,O&ef rvdawmhyg/ xkYd jyif jzpfue\ - ESijhf zpfMuonf? jzpf\-ESihf jzpfonf? odYk aom h G S f k k f a0g[m&rsm;udvnf; teufwl y&d,m,frsm;[k rSw,Ml uapvd\/ k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-au0v-\ tzGifh 2-ckxrS aS;tzGiuom jrefrmjyef azmfjyxm;onf/ J hf kd 2-tpkEihf taygif;onf t&wlyif jzpfaomaMumifh cE-tpk-udk orl[ taygif;[k zGionf/ S hf 3-4-pmyd' o'geuftzGirsm;onf y#dporkyg'f ygVdr&if; twGuom jzpfonf? jrefrmjyefum; k f hf l f tzGirsm;ESitnD toifavsmfq;ud, jyxm;Nyd;jzpfaomaMumifh xyfrzGijhf y&ef rvdawmhyg/ txl;tm;jzifh hf hf h kH k l H k ork'a,m-\ tzGi?hf a[mwd-\ tzGirsm;onf jrefrmjyef tydyifjzpfonf/ odYk aomfvnf; t|uxm SorQudk hf k d twdtus odvaom yk*Kd vfwYkd twGuf xkoYkd aom yk'tzGirsm;udk azmfjyjcif; jzpfonf/ aemufvnf; kd d f hf odYk aom tzGirsm;udawGY&vQif enf;yif rSw,Ml uyguke/ hf k f f 5-t0dZmonf tnmP - rodjcif; vuPmS\ [l&m trSeukd rodrQr[kw?f Pf\ qefYusizuf d f Hk f PftodrS ajymif;jyef tvTJtrSm;udk odjcif; xifrSwfjcif; o abmvnf; Sao;\? yHum; Pfu 'kuukd 'ku[k d k trSetwdi; odonf/ t0dZmu 'kuukd okc[k odonfxifrwonf? odYk ponfjzifh Pf\ qefYusizufvnf; f k f S f f jzpf\? xkYd aMumifh usrf;*efwYdk tnmPyk'ukd Pf\ qefYusifzuf[vnf; zGijhf yMuavonf/ xdtzGihf f l k tm;avsmfpm t0dZm\ tvGowwfyukd xifm;ap&ef vnf; 'kw,teuf xyf jyqdxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ G J d kH S d k
193
rSwfcsuf
1- tAsmuw-\ teufudk ]]tmkHudk r,lwwf - rodwwf}}[k jyefjcif;onf ]]apwemrSd tAsmuw w&m;wnf;}} [laom 0do'r*f (y-348-ponf)uJoYkd tmkrSonf\tjzpf? tmkukd r,lwwf-rodwwf k d h H d H onf\ tjzpfurvnf; tAsmuwtjzpf-[k jyqdaom #DumESihf tnDaywnf;/ teufonf a,m*DwYkd \ kd l k PfxifyEihf txl;oifavsmfay\/ kH S h
rSwfcsuf
1-tukov\tusdK; 0dygufOayuma0'emonf tvdrStyfaom ted|mkjH zpfaomaMumifh 'kuj zifh odr;,l kd f k d f tyf\? ukov\tusK; 0dygufOayum a0'emonf tvdtyfaom |mkjH zpfaomaMumifh okcjzifh odr;,ltyf\/ kd f d k dS f xkaMumifh tv,ftvwfOayumudk razmfjyawmhbJ csrf;omESihf qif;&Jtaetm;jzifh Pftm; aS;I xif\-[k d qdonf/ (#Dum) k 2-urb0onf uH\tjzpf vuPmSd\? Oyywb0onf uH\tusKd;tjzpf vuPm Sd\-[k d tpOftwki; ,SO,lyg/ &oESihf ypKy|mef t&mwkYd vnf; enf;wlyif,yg/ d f f l
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dZm[lorQonf rodwwfonfcsnf;om - todPf\ qefYusizufcsn;om? odYk ponfjzifh f f tuGtjym; rSd wyg;wnf; wrsKd;wnf;om Sonf[k qdv\/ aemufvnf; wyg;wnf;omSonf [l&m J d k kd d enf;wlyif/ 2-opm 4-yg;udk trSetwdi; rodjcif;onf ty#ywt0dZm rnf\? ajymif;jyef rSm;,Gi;pGm odjcif; f k f d d f todtjrif vTrm;jcif;onf rdpmy#dywt0dZm rnf\/ J S d 3-tmoa0gw&m;wkYd \ tmkjH zpfxuaom avmuDw&m; [lorQudk omo0-[k ac:onf? 0dygufukd kd f jzpfapwwfaom ukovf tukovf w&m;wkYd ukd 0dygu"r"r-[k ac:onf/ kd kd 4-tmeE&,uHig;yg;ESihf ed,wrdpm'd|onf rdpwe,wrnf\? <uif;aom tukovEihf avmuDuovf d d d kd f S k kd [lorQonf ted,w rnf\/ 5-#Dum avmud,0dbm*g'dbm0awm - [k ygXfysufvsuf Sd\/
rSwfcsuf
1-t&mwGif #Dum ]]0dnmPftm;jzifh - [laom ygXfonfoif\? odYk aomf 0dnmPf ponftm;jzif[k h h GwzwfMu\/ {uoduenf;jzifh Am[d&m,weudvnf; odr;,ltyfvQif ponf (tm'd) o'gjzifh xdAm[d&m,we f f k f k \? 0g? xd{uoduenf; o|m,we\ odr;,ltyfonf\ tjzpfurwtyf\}}[k rdefYqdk\/ xktvdtm;jzifh k f f kd S f d k oVm,we\t& {uoduenf;jzifh Am[d&m,weyg,lvQif tZwu Am[d&tm;jzifh 2-rsKd; uGonfukd ponf f d J t&jzifh ,l&rnf[k qkv\/ tZwum,we 6-yg;onfvnf; kytm,weESihf emrftm,we tm;jzifif;? d kd d f h tmkukd ,lwwf r,lwwfaom om&rPESihf tem&rPtm;jzifif; uGjJ ym; aomaMumifh xdk 2-yg;uGyrsm;udk ponf H h J kH (tm'd) o'gjzifh jyonf[k ,lvQivnf; oif&m\/ f h 2-Cme Zd0g um,wkYd onf a&mufaomtmkH Sue\/ puK aomw wkYd onf ra&mufaom tmkue\/ S d k f H dS k f rem,weonf a&mufra&muf[k rqktyfaom tmk\/ d H dS
194
rSwfcsuf
1-&odwaAm y#d0ZwaAm-xd;xGi; odtyfaom? obma0g? oabmonf/ &aom? &ornf\/ twaem d d k f &aom? rdr\oabmonf/ o&aom-o&ornf\/ ,mxma0g ,xmblawm - [kwreaom/ o&aom-rdr\ d f S f d oabmonf/ ,mxm0o&aom-,mxm0o&o rnf\/ aom {0-xkd [kwreaom rdr\ yifu&if; oabm f S f d kd onfyifvQi?f vuwAwm-rSwtyfonf\ tjzpfaMumif?h ,mxm0o&ovuP-,mxmo&ovuPm rnf\d f H [laom #DumtzGiEitnD jyefqcsuf jzpfonf/ odYk aomt&m &ojzifh udpurqkv?kd yifu&if;oabmudom hf S hf kd kd d kd k qdvonf[k NrJNrHpm rSwxm;&rnf/ k dk G f
rSwfcsuf
1-odkY (tus,f) okyftm;jzifh .... 29-yg;aom apwemwdYk jzpfMuayonf-[k pyfyg/ 2-wa,myd- tyd-udk aomfvnf;[k jyefxm;;onf? ,if;tyd-o'gonf tjrwftrsm; a[myk'aemif f wnfvQif cs;ajrmufjcif; orm0em teufukd xGe;jy\? Iwcsjcif; *&[mteufuvnf; aygif;qnf;,l\? D f f kd t,kwtenf;a[m yk'aemifwnfvQif *a&[mteufukd xGe;jy\? orm0emteufuvnf; aygif;qnf; ,l\? f f f kd um; oH;yg;[laom tenf;aemifwnfaomaMumifh oH;yg;tenf;i,frQom jzpfygonf[k *&[m teufukd k k jyNyD;vQi?f odYk aomfvnf; 29-yg; rsm;pGmvnf; jzpfygao;onf[k orm0emteufukd aygif;qnf; ,lonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-tbdnmapwemudkrlum; .... (....) t&m r,ltyfay - [k pyfyg/ 2- ] omvQif}} [laom pum;jzifh um,ocFg& ponfukd epfaponf? t0dZmu aus;Zl;yyHukd yknmbd k ocFg& ponfwYdk tvdtm;jzifomvQif odtyfonf? xdtwdi;yif jyrnf[k qkv\/ k h k k f d kd
rSwfcsuf
1-tnmP - rodr[k qkaomfvnf; todnmPfrSjd cif; r[kwjf cif;rQudk rqdv?kd todPf\ I d k qefYusibuf t0dZmudom qkvonf[k odap&ef ]]t0dZm[k qdtyfaom}} [k 0daooejzifh txl;y qdonf/ f k d kd k k (#Dum) 2-'ku'uwm 0dy&dPmr'kuwm ocFg&'kuwmwkYd jzifh ynmSwYdk onf 'ku[omvQif ,ltyfaom k d l oHo&m qif;&Jukd csr;om[k xifaom trSwonmmjzifh ESv;oGi;NyD;vQif ([k qdv\)/ pum;jzifh xdk 'ku f f kH f k kd wPSmjzpfjcif;udk jyonf/ (#Dum) 3-ocFg&wkYd onf 'ku\taMumif; xifrwvsuf yvkyonf[k qdv\/ S f f k kd jzpfue\? k f odYk aomfvnf; xdocFg&wkYd ukd k okc\taMumif;[k
4-jA[mjh ynf paom *wdtxl;onf 'ku\csKyf&m edAmefum; r[kw?f odYk aomfvnf; xdk *wdtxl;udk 'ku csKyf&m[k xifrwonf[k qdv\/ S f k kd 5-,ZfyaZmjcif; paomtusionf 'kucsKyf&m edAmef\ (a&mufaMumif;) tusivrf;um; r[kw?f l hf hf odYk aomfvnf; xdtusifwYkd ukd tusifh vrf;rSe[k xifrwonf[k qdv\/ k h f S f k kd
195
6-t&mru rsm;pGmaom om;aumifwYdkukd csnaESmifxm;jcif;jzifh aMumufz,aumif;aom 0gZay,s,Zf f G f ponfonf ,n-,ZfyaZmfjcif; rnf\/ (#Dum) ,ZfyaZmfyukd jyaom tpDt&ift& BuD;us,faom ,Zfukd l l kH Ou|enf;jzifh jyonf/ odYk aomf ponf-qkaom pum;t& tm;jzifh ]]qif;&JNidr;&modYk a&mufaMumif; tjzpfjzifh d f ,HMk unf EGm;waumifrQ qdwwaumifrQ ponfukd owf ylaZmjcif;udvnf; t&m ]],Zf ylaZmjcif;}} [l f k yif,tyf\/ taouif;aMumif;[k ,HMk unf,qtyfaom 'ku&ud&,mac: cJ,Of;pGm yusifronf tr&tusifh l l d h I rnf\/ wenf; aojcif;uif;aom ewfjzpfvrrnf[k ,HMk unfajrmvif usifaom tusifonf tr&tusifh d hf f h h h rnf\/ wenf; qif;&J yifyef;aomaMumifh aoapEdiaom tusifonf tr&tusifh rnf\/ (3-enf;vH; #Dum k f h k tzGifhcsnf;yif/)
rSwfcsuf
1-xdk ,ZfyaZmfjcif; ponfukd yvky&m um,ocFg& ponf tvdvyg0ifom;\? xkYd aMumifh aSYom; l f k kd G G yojzif-[k qkonf? rkace-yk'\ teufjzpfonf? o'geuftm;jzifh ]]rsufEmyojzif-cHwi;yojzif-tr;yojzif}h } h d f S h G f h [l jzpf\/ taMumif;yojzifh - t&if;cHyojzifh - [lvnf; jyefqEi\/ dk kd f 2-t0dZmudk ry,f&ao;jcif;aMumif[k qdv\/ h k kd 3-aumif;rI\ tusKd;[k qktyfaom 'kuonf ZmwdtpSaom rsm;pGmaom tjypfwYdkEihf a&m>yrf;ae\? d d S odYk a&m>yrf;aeaomfvnf; xkd (aumif;rItusK;) 'kuukd 'ku[k rodaomaMumif?h 0g? okc[k xifaomaMumifh xdk d 'kuukd &&eftwGuf yknmbdocFg&udk yonf[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-yknmbdocFg&onf (vlYavmu ewfavmu lyjA[mavmu) ZmwdtpSaom acsmuf usjcif;aMumifh h d jzpfaom qif;&Jukd jzpfapwwf\/ xkYd aMumifh awmifxyzsm;rS ckecsjcif;ESifh wlonf[k qdonf/ (#Dum) d f f k 2-]]onfrQomruao;}} [laom pum;onf 0gusm&raZmwu p-o'g teufjzpfonf? aS;0gus aumif;rI tusK;onf rsm;pGmaom tjypfwYdkEihf a&m>yrf;jcif;aMumifh 'kuj zpfaMumif; xdk 'kuukd rodaMumif; jycJ\/ d S h okc[k orkwtyfaom aumif;rItusKd; oufoufonfvnf; 0dy&dPmr 'kuj zpfao;\/ om,mzG,vnf; enf;\? f f xkoYkd 0dy&dPmr 'kuj zpfykH om,mzG,enf;yHukd rjrifaomaMumifvnf; yknmbdocFg&udk tm;xkw\? xkoYkd d f k h f d tm;xkwyukd qd&ef <uif;usefae ao;aomaMumifh aemuf 0gusudk jyqkonf/ xkYd aMumifh aS;0gus qkcaom f kH k d d hJ rQomruao;yg? qufvuf qkz,ygao;onf[k xdk 0gusm&raZmwujzifh odaponf/ d G f dS 3-vufonf;uGi; twGi;u pum;rSm jynfrl 0do'r*f ed,rS, jyaom pum;jzpfonf? odYk aomf f f k d l raorDyif pD;yGg;ysujf cif;? ta>ct&Hysujf cif;? &mxl;rS avQmusjcif; ponfjzifh aumif;rItusK;\ tqH;udvnf; d k k ,lvQif oif&mygao;\/ h 4-tym'gwd y&dwocg-[k zGiaom r-| (y-367)ESihf tnD jyefqxm;aom teufjzpfonf? k hf kd &[Em\ tjrifEiqvQif ]]om,mzG,f rSonf\tjzpf}} [laom teufvnf; oif\/ S hf kd d h
rSwfcsuf
1-ESaumif? yGuysH? ydv?l y&pf? o&ufy; tpSaom ckewwfa - ysHwwfaom yd;aumifrsKd;udk yd;zvH-[k H f kd d f k k ac:onf? xdzvH-[laom pum;onfvnf; ys-\ rdwL y-rS jzpfvmonf[ ,ltyf\/ ,loifyum; yk*acwf k H H l h kH H a&;enf;tm;jzifh ysH-udk yH-[k a&;&\? xm;0,fcki ysHonf-[laom pum;udk yonf-[k ,ckwif ajymqdk d f H kd aeMu\/ xdk yH-rS aGYavsm zvH jzpfvmonf/ xkYd aMumifh yd;zvH - [lonfrm ckewwf - ysHwwfaom yd;ysH-[k k S f k teuft"dyg,f&onf? yGuysH-[laom pum;uJoYkd yif jzpfonf/ f h
196
2-umr*kPukd rS0jJ cif;onfwYdk if; ,if;wkYd \ tusKd;0dygufwYdk if; tjypfurjrifaomaMumifh [k f D kd qkv\/ teufudk o0dygauok - tusKd;0dygufEiwuG jzpfueaom - [kq&m o[-wuG-ESihf ,SOjf cif;u d kd S hf k f dk jyonf/ om;r,m;ESiwuG vmonf[&m om;r,m; ygvmjcif;udk jyouJoYkd yifwnf;/ hf l h
rSwfcsuf
1-#DumESitnD wMw-\ teufjzpfonf/ xdk apm'empum&yf-[k jyefvQivnf; oif\/ hf f h
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVdr&if;udk jyjcif;onf aemuf jyvwHaom tzGirsm;ESihf wduqiMf unf&ef jzpfonf/ l h hf k f kd h 2-a[wk-[dw-tjrpfr ozG,f jzpf + yp,-aus;Zl;ywwfonf = a[wk-yp,-[dw-tjrpfr f f ozG,jf zpf aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;/ 3-0pem0,0-pum;\ tpdw-[k omrnqkxm;aomfvnf; Esm,usr;vm pum;\ tpdwftydkif; ig;yg; f d f vH;udk qdvonf r[kw?f xdk ig;yg;xJrS 'kw,jzpfaom (y#dnmudk NyD;apwwf axmufcwwfaom) taMumif;jy k k kd d H pum;udom qkvonf/ xkYd aMumifh #Dum 0pem0,0 [laompum;udk om"et0,0udk &nf qdonf[k k d dk k zGijhf yxm;ayonf/ Esm, usr;vmpum;\ tpdwtydi; ig;yg;udk okwyGg;&eftwGuf tusOf;csKyf xkwjf yOD;tH/ f f k f h pum;tacstwif ajymqkaomtcg todcufaomteufukd jyqdaomtcgwkYd tjcm;yk*Kd vfrsm; ESpouf d k f vufcEiatmif 0pem0,0ac: pum;\ tpdwtydi; ig;yg;vH;udk jynfppm ajymqk&\/ if;wkdYrSm H kd f f k f k h kH G d (1) y#dnm-rdr\ 0g'tjzpfjzifh 0efcwifjycsuf tqdwifjycsu?f d H k (2) a[wk - xdwifjycsuf rSeuefaMumif; odap&ef taMumif;jycsu?f k f (3) O'g[&P-ykwl Oyrmxkwjf ycsu?f H (4) Oye,-OyrmESihf Oyar,s ES;aESmaqmifuyf jycsuf? D (5) ed*;-tqH;owf twnfy qH;jzwfcsufwYdk yif jzpfonf/ kH k k yHpxw jytHh k H k f (1) toHonf rNrJ? (y#dnm) (2) jzpfjcif;oabm SaomaMumif?h (a[wk) d (3) jzpfjcif;oabm Saom t&m[lorQonf tk;cGuuoYkd yif rNrJonf csnf;om? d d f hJ (O'g[&P) (4) xkYd twlyif toHonfvnf; jzpfjcif;oabm S\? (Oye,) d (5) xkYd aMumifh toHonf rNrJ? (ed*;) kH xkYd xuf xifm;aom yHpwckukd xkwjf yOD;thH S k H (1) xdawmif rD;S\? (y#dnm) k d (2) (tb,faMumifenf;) rD;cd;SaeaomaMumifwnf;? (a[wk) h h k d h (3) rD;ck;S&m t&yfwi;rSm pzdtruJoYkd rD;SpNrJyif? (O'g[&P) d d kd f k d f h d (4) xkYd twlyif xdawmif rD;ck;Saeonf? (Oye,) k d d (5) xkYd aMumifh xdawmif rD;SaMumif; od&ayonf/ (ed*;) k d kH pum;tpdwf ig;yg;wdYk wif (1) y#dnmESihf (5) ed*;onfif;? (2) a[wkEihf (4) Oye,onfif; teuft& G kH S tm;jzifh wlnDvsufSd\/ xkYd aMumifh xdig;yg;wkYd wif (1-ESifh 2)udk csef (3-4-5)wkYd ukd jyqdrQjzifvnf; k G k Hk h vHavmufonf? odYk r[kwf (4ESi5)udk csef (1-2-3)wkYd ukd jyqdrQjzifvnf; vHavmufonf-[k ,ckacwf k hf k Hk h k ynmSwYdk u qdMk u\/ xdwivnf; (1-ESihf 2) onfomvQif ta&;tBuD;qH; jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifyif avmuDusrf; d k G f k h
197
wdYk if;? omoem0if t|uxm #Dumusrf;wkYd if; (1) y#dnmac: vk&if;teuf t"dyg,fukd jyqdcsufEihf (2) d k S a[wkac: taMumif;jyaxmufccsuf pum;wkYd uom rsm;pGm jyqdavh SMd uayonf/ t&m a[wk - [lonfrm H kd k S 'V0gusvnf; yg0ifonf-[k rSwtyf\/ pum; tpdwf ig;yg;ESihf pyf xuf us,fjyefYpm avhvmvkvQif D f G d 0do'r*f r[m#Dum ed, pwkwwJG pmrsuEm - 5 ponf Munfyg/ k d f S h
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;&if;jrpfr rlv teufoabm [lonfrm txyfxyfjzpfvsuf MumSnpm cdichH wnfwapaom S f G k f hH oabmowyif jzpfonf? aemuf zGijhf yvwH/ d h
rSwfcsuf
1-a[wkypn;onf - ukovponf\ tjzpfukd NyD;apwwf\-[k pyfyg/ f kd f 2-a[kwypn;u rdraMumifh jzpfaom tusK;yp,yef w&m;wdYk ukd rdruoYdkyif ukovponf\ tjzpfukd f d d k d hJ kd f NyD;aponf-[k qkcygvQif - xdtqdtwdi; rSecygvQif-[k qdv\/ d hJ k k k f f hJ k kd 3-ygVdr&if; yk'wif or,w-o'g ydkae[efSd\/ taMumif;rlum; - MuOf&ef 0dy,w[w[ l f G k k f d f l rSaomaMumifif;? r,SOaom[dwu aus;Zl; yavao;ovm;-[k oHo,jzpfz,f rSaomaMumifif; d h f f G d h jzpfayonf/ xkYd aMumifyif xdk o'grvdaMumif; odap&ef if;udk vufonf;uGi;jzifh jyxm;onf/ h k f
rSwfcsuf
1-[dwEi,Oaom w&m;wdYk [dwaMumifh ukovponf tjzpfNyDonf-[k ukovf ponftjzpf f S hf S f f kd f kd NyD;aMumif; w&m;udk a&0wq&mwdYk SmBuHMuouJoYkd [dwwYkdvnf; ukovponf tjzpfNyD;atmif aus;Zl;yaom h f kd f taMumif;w&m;udk Smoifmxduaom tjypfa&mufonf-[k qdv\/ h S k f k kd 2-rlvteufoabmudk .... r,lrl .... ,l (tyf)ygrl-[k pyfyg/ 3-a[wkypn; tusOf;rSwz,um; - avmb a'go arm[ tavmb ta'go tarm[-[laom f f G f [dwf 6-yg;onf a[wkypn; rnf\/ xkd [dwwYdk Ei,Oaom o[dwpwf 71-yg;? arm[rla'GrS arm[ f f S hf S f f d MuOfaom apwoduf 52-yg;? o[dwpwaMumifh jzpfaom pdwZky?f o[dwy#doaE urZky-w&m;taygif; f d f f f onf a[wkypn;\ yp,yef rnf\/ f k
rSwfcsuf
1-qGuiaom tmk\ tjzpfjzifh - [laom teufonf tmvrwAbma0e - [laom #DumtzGiEitnD J kd f H d hf S hf jyefaomteuf jzpfonf/ xd#umtzGiukd axmufqMunfvQif tm&rP - o'gonf tmvre-rS jzpfvmaMumif; k D hf h xifSm;\/ 2-a, a, "rm OyZEd pdwapwodum "rm-[laom ygVdukd twdtus tjynftpHk jyefvQif ]]pdwf h apwoduf w&m;[lueaom tMuiftMuif w&m;wkYd onf jzpfue\}} [l jzpfonf/ odYk aomfvnf; xkoYkd k f k f d twdtus jyefvQif jrefrmpum; racsmkrQom Srnf/ teuf t"dyg,fum; rxl;jcm;/ xkYd aMumifh "rm wyk'ukd csef H d f txufygtwdi; jyefxm;onf/ aemufvnf; odYk aom jyefcsufrsm;udk enf;wlyif rSwyg/ k f f
198
rSwfcsuf
1-tm&rPypn; tusOf;csKyfrwz,um; - lygkH o'kH &omkH azm|AmkH "rmkH [laom tmkH f S f G f 6-yg;onf tm&rPypn; rnf\/ xdktmkHwkdYudk tmkHy jzpfaom pdwf 89-yg;? apwoduf 52-yg;onf f tm&rPypn;\ yp,yef rnf\/ tmkH 6-yg;wkdYwGif "rmkH [lonfrSm (1) yom'kyf 5-yg;? (2) okckrkyf 16f k yg;? (3) pdwf 89-yg;? (4) apwoduf 52yg;? (5) ynwf? (6) edAmef[aom 6-rsKd;yif jzpfonf/ l 2-tav;tjrwf tmkH ytyfaomw&m; [lonfrm - (1) |jzpfaom edyEyf 18-ck? (2) (a'gorl 2? S k arm[rl 2? 'kuo[*kwf um,0dnmPf MuOfaom) pdwf 84-ck? (3) (a'go mrp&d, ukuKp 0 upm pd d d MuOfaom) apwoduf 47-ck? (4) edAmef - [laom w&m;rsm;yif jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-tav;ywwfaom pdwapwoduf - [lonfrSm avmbrlpdwf 8-ck? r[mukodkvfpdwf 8-ck? r[mBud,m f Por,wpwf 4-ck? avmukw&mpdwf 8-ck [laom pdwf 28-ckEihf (a'go m rp&, ukuKp k f d S d 0dpupm tyrnm MuOfaom) apwoduf 45-ckwYkd yif jzpfonf/ d d 2-t"dywdypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; .... t"dywdwyfcuf qE 0D&, pdwf 0Dro [laom 4-yg; f f G f kd d H wkYd wif wyg;yg;onf o[Zmwm"dywdypn; rnf\/ (arm[rl 2? [odwyg'f MuOfaom) t"dywd &cduf - &ae G f k k jzpfaom om"dywdaZmpdwf 52-ck? xdpwwYdkEi,Oaom (0dpupmESihf t"dywdw&m;ud,f MuOfaom) apwoduf k d f S hf S f d d k 51-ck? om"dywdpwZkyf [laom pdwapwoduf kyw&m; taygif;onf o[Zmwm"dywd yp,yef rnf\/ d f f k tav;tjrwf ytyfaom |jzpfaom kyf 18-ck? pdwf 84-ck? apwoduf 47-ck? edAmef [laom w&m; taygif;onf tm&rPm"dywdypn; rnf\/ (ESm-61 rSwfcsuf 2- jycJaomw&m;rsm;yifjzpfonf/) tav;tjrwf f h ywwfaom pdwf 28-ck? apwoduf 45-wkYd onf tm&rPm"dywdyp,yef rnf\/ (rSwcsuf 1- jycJaom k f h w&m;rsm;yif jzpfonf)/
rSwfcsuf
1-oabmw&m; wyg;tm;jzifh tjcm;rSonf\ tjzpfonf teE&ypn; rnf\/ umvtm;jzifh tjcm; d f rSdonf\ tjzpfonf oreE&ypn; rnf\-odYk ponfjzifh csJY zGijhf yMuuke\/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-te+rSd+tE& - tjcm; tuG,f = teE& - tjcm; rSonfjzpf+yp, - aus;Zl;ywwfonf = d teE&yp, - tjcm;rSonf jzpf aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;/ teE&ypn; tusOf;csKyfrwz,um; d f S f G f aS;aS;tjcm;rJh pdwapwoduf taygif;onf teE&ypn; rnf\/ aemufaemiftjcm;rJh pdwapwoduf f f f taygif;onf teE&yp,yef rnf\/ (Sif;vif;csuf - &[EmwkYd \ pkwpwonf aemufq;pdwf jzpfaomaMumifh k d d f kH aS;aS;pdw[k qdaom ypn;w&m;xJ ryg0if? aemufaemufpw[k qkaom yp,yew&m;xJom yg0ifonf)/ f k f d f d k f
rSwfcsuf
1-oH-aumif;pGm + teE& - tjcm;rSonfjzpf + yp, - aus;Zl;ywwfonf = oreE&yp, d aumif;pGm tjcm;rSonfjzpf aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;/ odYk o'grQom teE&-rS xl;onf? oabm teuf d tvH;pHk teE&-ESihf wl\/ k 2-o[ - yp,yew&m;rsm;ESihf twlwuG - waygif;wnf; - wydieuf + Zmw - jzpf + yp, k f f aus;Zl;ywwfonf = o[Zmw yp,-wuGjzpf aus;Zl;ywwfoaom w&m;/
199
3-vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd ([',0wK) [laom pum;onf t|uxm tvktm;jzifh azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf? f f d aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/
rSwfcsuf
1-ESm-65 rSwcsuf 3-twdi; jzpfonf/ f k f 2- o[Zmwypn; tusOf;csKyfrwz,um; f S f G f (1) pdwf 89-ck? apwoduf 52-ck y0wd y#doaE emrftEm 4-yg;onf tcsif;csif; o[Zmw ypn;vnf; rnf\? yp,yevnf; rnf\/ f k f (2) uvmyfwl r[mbkwf 4-yg;onf tcsif;csif; o[Zmw ypn;vnf; rnf\? yp,yevnf; f k f rnf\/ (3) yOa0gum&y#doaE emrfcEm 4-yg;ESihf [',0wKonf tcsif;csif; o[mZmw ypn;rnf\? f yp,yevnf; rnf\/ k f (4) tly0dyguf 4-ck? a'G yO0nmPf - 10? &[EmwkYd \ pkwpwrS wyg;aom kyukd jzpfap d d d f f wwfonfh pdwf 75-ck? apwoduf 52-ck? y0wd y#doaE emrfcEm 4-yg;onf o[Zmw ypn; rnf\? xdk pdwapwoduf wkYd aMumifh jzpfaom pdwZkyonf y#doaE urZkyonf f f f f o[Zmw yp,yef rnf\/ k (5) r[mbkwf 4-yg;onf o[Zmwypn; rnf\? ,if;wkYd Eihf uvmyfwl Oyg'gkyrsm;onf f S f o[Zmwyp,yef rnf\/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-tnrn upn; tusOf;rSwz,onf o[Zmw rSwz,f (1-2-3)wkYd Eihf wl\? o[Zmw f f G f f G S t&m tnrn - [k vJxnf&efrQom xl;onf/ h 2-ed, ypnf;onf o[Zmwed, yka&Zmwed,tm;jzifh 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xkdwGif o[Zmw ed, tusOf;csKyf rSwz,onf o[Zmw jycJaom rSwz,f 5-yg;ESihf wl\/ yka&Zmw ed, f G f h f G rSwz,tusOf;um; f G f (1) aS;OD;tp twDwb0ifEitwl jzpfc puK0dnmPf\ rS&mjzpfaom pum,weac: S hf hJ D puKyom'kyonf ed,ypn; rnf\? puK0dnmPfpwEihf apwoduf (7) yg;onf f f d f S ed,yp,yef rnf\/ k (2-3-4-5) aS;OD;tp twDwb0ifEihf twljzpfc aomw0dnmPf Cme0dnmPf Zd0g0dnmPf S hJ S um,0dnmPf wdYk \ rS&mjzpfaom aomwm,we Cme,we Zd0g,we um,m,we D S ac: yom'kyf 4-yg;onf ed,ypn;rnf\? aomw0dnmPf Cme0dnmPf f Zd0g0dnmPf um,0dnmPfEihf ,SObuf apwoduf (7) yg;onf ed,yp,yef rnf\/ S S f k (6) y#doaEpwpaom aS;aS;tjcm;rJpwEihf twljzpfcaom [', - 0wKkyfonf ed, d f h d f S hJ ypn; rnf\? yXrb0if tpSdaom (tly0dyguf 4-ckrS wyg;aom) raem0dnmP "mwf f raem"mwfac: aemufaemuf pdwapwoduonf ed,ypn; rnf\/ pkawcgeD;rl f f f pkwpwrS aS; 17-ckajrmuf pdwEitwl jzpfcaom [',-0wKkyu ed, ypn;? pkwd d d f f S hf hJ f f wdiatmif 16-ckaom pdwEi,Obuf apwodutaygif;u ed,yp,yef jzpfao;\/ k f f S hf S f f k
200
rSwfcsuf
1-awoH tm&raPok - [k Saom rlut& jyefxm;aomteuf jzpfonf/ xkoYkd jyefrS xd-[laom d JG d k pum;jzifh aS;0gus qdcNhJ yD;aom pdwapwoduwYdk ukd pGr o'genf;t& oifavsmfayonf/ k f f J d h 2- tm&rPyed, tusOf; rSwz,onf tm&rPm"dywd rSwz,Eihf wl\/ l f G f f G f S
rSwfcsuf
1-,if;ypnf; 2-yg;wdkYwGif .... teE&ypnf;\ vmjcif;aMumifh .... teE yed,ypn;\vmjcif;aMumifh l f - [k pyfyg/ 2- teEyed, rSwz,f tusOf;csKyfonf teE& rSwz,Eihf wl\/ l f G f G f S
rSwfcsuf
1-ukovf tukovf 0dyguf Bud,m kyf Owk abmZOf yk*Kd vf ausmif; tdy&m ae&m wpHwckukd pGr kd kd f k J DS ukovponf jzpfyg;vQif pGr&m ukovponfu yuwlyed,ypn;? pGrjzpfaom ukovf tukovf 0dyguf kd f G J DS kd f f J DS kd kd Bud,m pdwapwoduf emrfcEmu yuwlyed,yp,yef jzpfonf/ f k
rSwfcsuf
1-0wKyka&Zmw tm&rP yka&Zmw 2-yg;wdYk wif 0wKyka&Zmw tusOf;csKyf rSwz,onf G f G f yka&Zmwed jycJaom rSwz,f (1-2-3-4-5-6) wkYd Eihf wl\/ tm&rPyka&Zmw tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; h f G S f G f (1) aS;OD;tp twDwb0if;ESitwl jzpfc yO'g&0Ze; yO0nmPf tpSaom yO'g&du pdwf hf hJ G f d d G apwoduf wkYd \ tmkHjzpfaom lygkH o'gkH*EmkH azm|AmkHwkdYonf yka&Zmwypnf; rnf\/ xdk tmkHwkdYudk tmkHy jzpfaom yO'g&du pdwapwodutaygif;onf yka&Zmw G f f yp,yef rnf\/ k (2) aS;OD;tp twDwb0ifEihf twl jzpfc raem'Gg&0Ze;aZm w'gkwYkd \ tmkjH zpfaom edyEyf S hJ f H k 18-ck [laom tmkH 6-yg;onf yka&Zmwypn; rnf\? xdk tmkHudk tmkHy jzpfaom f raem'Gg&0Ze;aZm w'gkH pdwapwoduf taygif;onf yp,yef rnf\/ f f k 2- {uZum, - [lonfrm y#doaEpw\ Oyg'fcP jzpfaom urZkytaygif;udk xdk cPtwGuf S d f f ac:tyfaom trnfjzpfonf? y#doaE pdw\ XDcPrSp OwkZkytaygif;ESiwuG 'GZum, jzpfvmonf? yXr f f hf d b0ifpwf jzpfay:aomtcg y#doaEcPu jzpfcaom ,if; 'GZum,tm; yXrb0if pdwapwoduf taygif;u d hJ d f ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;y axmufy\/ xdk yXrb0iftcdu pdwZkytaygif;ESiwuG wdZum, jzpfvm\? hH k f f hf xkYd aMumifh 'kw,b0ifrp wdZum,tm; 'kw,b0if ponfu ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;y axmufy\/ d S d hH umravmu tm[m&Zkyf jzpfay:aomtcg aemufaemuf pdwapwoduf taygif;u pwkZum,tm; ypmZmw f owjd zifh aus;Zl;yaxmufy\/ eda&m"ormywfrS xaomtcg umravmu wdZum,tm;? lyavmu hH 'GZum,tm; tem*grdzvf t&[wzvf pdwapwoduf taygif;u ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;yaxmufy\/ d kd kd f Hh odYk jzpf {uZum,tm; toD;tjcm; ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;yaxmufyjhH cif; rnfonf rSay/ odYk aomfvnf; d yXrb0ifponfu 'GZum, wdZum,tm; ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;y&m y#doaEpw\ Oyg'fcPu d d f jzpfcaom {uZum,onfvnf; ypmZmw-yp,yetjzpfjzifh yg0ifay\? xdoYkd yg0ifaomaMumifif;? y#doaE hJ k f k h pdw\ Oyg'fcP {uZum, SaMumif; odapvdk xifm;apvdaomaMumifif; t&m {uZum,udk aS;q&m f d S k h wdYk xnfoi; azmfjyMuonf jzpf&m\/ y|mef; t|uxmrl umravmu pwkork|medukytm;? lyavmu h G f f wdork|medukytm; ypmZmwowjd zifh aus;Zl;yaMumif;rQom jyqdonf/ f k
201
rSwfcsuf
1-ypmZmwypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; - yOa0gum&bH yXrb0if tpSaom aemufaemuf f f G f k d pdwf apwoduf taygif;onf ypmZmwypn; rnf\/ y#doaEpdwf tpSdaom aS;aS;pdwfwkdYESifh twljzpfcJh f kyf\XDcP wnfqjJ zpfaom wud,v;Sd kytaygif;onf ypmZmwyp,yef rnf\/ k f kH f k
rSwfcsuf
1-vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd teufonf jynfr0o'r*fe, ]]ukovm'dbma0e twem o'do f f l d k d d ya,ma*e u&PD, ykeyKeH u&PH y0we}H } [laom #Dumudk jrefrmjyefum aqmif jyaomteuf jzpfonf/ xdt&m (ukovponf\tjzpfjzifh ypn;jzpfaom rdrEiwonfjzpf? 0g? wlaom yp,yef w&m;\? 0g? wlpm k kd f f d S hf l k G ya,m*jzifh yoifaom udpukd tzefzefyjcif; jzpfapjcif; [laom)[k jyefvQivnf; oifouJoYkd S\/ xkdodkY h f h h d jyef&m yp,yew&m;\ rS0jJ cif;udk &aomaMumifh ]]rS0apjcif; - txHk&apjcif;}} [l&mvnf; ]rS0jJ cif;-txH&jcif;}} k f D D J D k - [k jyif&vdrrnf/ t"dyg,frm xdoYkd txH&atmif aus;Zl;yonf - [k ,l&m\/ hf S k k 2-vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd teufonfvnf; ]]two'doobm0wm - yg'eH 0goeH 0g}} [laom f f #Dumt& jyefqaom teufjzpfonf/ dk 3-vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd teufrmrl (two'doobm0wmyg'eH) [laom tzGit& ay:vGif f f S hf xifm;atmif jyefqaomteuf jzpfonf/ S kd 4-txH&apjcif;oabmjzifh .... aus;Zl;ywwfaom - [k pyfyg/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-tmao0eypn; tusOf;csKyfrwz,um; - aS;aS;tjcm;rJh jzpfaom avmuDaZm 47-ckonf f S f G f tmao0eypn; rnf\/ aemufaemuf tjcm;rJjh zpfaom r*faZm 4-ckEiwuG ,if;avmuDaZm 47-ckonf f S hf tmao0eyp,yef rnf\/ k 2- 0g-wenf;jyaom 'kw,teufonf ud&,bma0e - bm0-udk obm0 a[m,l jyefxm;aom d d teuf jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1- urypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; f f G f (1) ukovf tukovuH apwemonf ememuPu urypn; rnf\? xku\ tusKd;jzpfaom kd kd f d f d H 0dyguf pdwapwoduEihf urZkyonf ememuPuuryp,yef rnf\/ f f S f d k (2) apwem 89-ckonf o[Zmwurypn; rnf\? ,SObufpwf 89-ck? apwoduf 51-ck? f f d pdwZkyf y#doaEurZkyonf o[Zmwuryp,yef rnf\/ f k 2-0daooemyk'rsm;onf eda[m oEbma0g - [laom #DumESitnD oE - Nidroufonf\ f k hf f 0daooe r[kw?f bm0-tjzpf\ 0daooemrsm; jzpfonf/ xdYk aMumifh Asmyg&uif;aom Nidroufjcif;-[k qdv\/ f k kd 3-Nidroufonf\ tjzpfjzifh .... aus;Zl;ywwfaom-[k pyfyg/ f
202
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyguypn; tusOf;csKyfrwz,um; - 0dygufpwf 36-ck? apwoduf 38-ckonf 0dyguypn; f S f G f d f rnf\? ,SObuf pdwapwodutaygif;ESihf pdwZkyf y#doaEurZkyonf 0dyguyp,yef rnf\/ f f f f k 2-tm[m&Zkyf ponfwYdk ukd jzpfapwwfaomfvnf; axmufywwfonf\tjzpf-axmufyronf tm[m& hH hH I w&m;wdYk \ jy"mef;aomudp jzpfonf? xkYd aMumifh kyemrfwYdk tm; axmufywwfonf\ tjzpfjzif-[k qdonf/ f hH h k (#Dum) 3-pm;zG,onf rpm;rDu tvkytavGY r[kwao;? pm;aomtcg tvkytavGYy pm;&onf? xkYd aMumifh f f f f ygVdenf;t& rlvutwdi; r[kwawmhyJ wjzpfajymif;vJjcif; teuf uAV-aemif -ypn;ESiwuG uAVDum&k f f f hf [k yk'Nf yD;onf? xky'Nf yD;yktm;avsmfpm (tvkytavGY r[kwaomfvnf; tvkytavGYuoYkd ytyfaom)[k teuf d k H G f f f hJ jyefonf? qkv&if;rSm pm;aomuftyfaom - [lyif qdv\/ d dk k kd 4- wdZum,-[lonfrm yXrqH;tBudrf tm[m&u axmufyaom tcgif;? eda&m"ormywf S k hH 0ifpm;cdkufif; Sdaom kyftaygif;udk ,ltyf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-tm[m&ypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; f f G f (1) pwkork|medujzpfaom MoZmonf tm[m&ypn; rnf\? uvmyfwMl oZmrS wyg;aom f pwkork|medukytaygif;onf tm[m& yp,yernf\/ f k f (2) z apwem 0dnmPf[k qktyfaom emrftm[m&w&m; 3-yg;onf tm[m&ypn; rnf\? d f ,SObuf pdwapwoduf pdwZkyf y#doaEurZkyonf tm[m&yp,yef rnf\/ f f f k 2-ckcaÈ 'kuaÈwYdkonf kyukd rjzpfapwwfaom um,0dnmPfEiom ,SOaomaMumifh ,SObufemrf d f S hf f f tm;omvQif aus;Zl;ywwfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-okyftm;jzifh 8-yg; [lonfrm Zd0w pdwa0'em o'g 0D&, owd {u*wm ynm-[laom Spfyg; S d f d yif jzpfonf/ xdwif a0'emrS okc 'ku aomre Oayum-[k 5-yg;jym;aomaMumifif;? ynmrS yndaÈ k G h tenmwnmrDwaÈ tnmwm0daÈ-[k 4-yg;jym;aomaMumifif; aÈtjym;tm;jzifh 15-yg; jzpfonf/ d h 2-aÈ,ypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; d f f G f (1) aS;OD;tp twDwb0ifEihf jzpfc yO0nmPf\ rS&mjzpfaom yom'kyf aÈ ig;yg;onf S hJ d D yka&ZmwdÈ,ypn; rnf\? yO0nmPfEihf ,SObufapwoduf (7)yg;onf yka&ZmwdÈ, d f d S f d yp,yef rnf\/ k (2) ZD0wkyonf lyZD0w`d E,ypn;rnf\? uvmyfwtjcm; urZkytaygif;onf lyZd0w`d E, d f d d f l f d d yp,yef rnf\/ k (3) ZD0w pdwf a0'em o'g 0D&, owd {u*wm ynm[laom emrfaÈwYdkonf o[Zmwdè, d d d ypn; rnf\? ,SObuf pdwf apwoduf taygif;ESihf pdwZkyf y#doaEurZ kyonf f f f o[ZmwdÈ, yp,yef rnf\/ d k
203
rSwfcsuf
1-aus;Zl;ywwfukefaom .... psmeif (....)wkdYonf-[k pyfyg/ 2-a0'em ig;yg;wkYd wif okcESi'uonf pifppf psmeifr[kwaomaMumifh txufygtwdi; csefxm;&ef G hf k f k f qkayonf? ,if;odYk qdjk cif;jzifyif yO0nmPfEi,Oaom Oayum {u*wmwkYd uvnf; psmeif r[kw[oaponf/ d h d S hf S f kd f k d odYk aomf ,if;OayumESihf {u*wmwdYk onfum; tjcm;pdwwYkdEihf ,SOcu psmeifjzpfMuao;\? xkYd aMumifh f S f kd f ,if;wdYk uum; csefxm;&ef t&m rqkay/ r*ypn; tqH;um; jyvwH/ kd d f k h 3- tvH;pH[aom pum;jzifh ukovpaom tjym; tvH;pHuom qdvonf? pdwK yg'f tvH;pH w&m; k k l kd f k k kd k kd k k wdYk uum; qdvonfr[kw/ kd k kd f 4-psmeypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; - a'GyO0nmPf a0'em {u*wmrS wyg;aom 0dwuf 0dpm& f f G f d yDwd a0'em {u*wm [laom psmeifw&m;wkYd onf psmeypn;rnf\? ,SObuf pdwf 79-ck? apwoduf 52-ck? f f pdwZkyf y#doaEur yonf psmeyp,yef rnf\/ k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-2-or'|tpSaom ormr*ionf trSetm;jzifh xGuajrmufaMumif; jzpf\? rdpm'd|tpSaom d d d f f f d d rdpmr*ionf trSm;tm;jzifh xGuajrmufaMumif; jzpf\/ ed,sme-xGuajrmufaMumif; [lonfrmvnf; f f f S olYqi&m udp NyD;pD;xajrmufaMumif;udyif qkonf/ 0#frS xGuajrmufaMumif;[k qdvonf r[kw?f tcsufukd kd f k d f k kd txl;owdytyf\/ 3-r*if 12-yg; [lonfrm orm'd|d ormouFy orm0gpm orurE ormtmZD0 orm0g,mr ormowd S ormorm"d-[laom ormr*if (8)yg;ESihf rdpm'd|d rdpmouFy rdpm0g,mr rdpmorm"d-[laom rdpmr*if 4-yg; wdYk yif jzpfonf/ rdpm0gpm-urE-tmZD0ESihf rdpmowdwYdk rm w&m;ud,f oD;jcm;rS?d xkoYkd aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh S k d jzpfaom tukovapwemESihf tukovpwKyg'frQom jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh "ro*FPygVd "rKa'o0g&if;? kd f kd f D r*ypn;t&mif; xdk rdpmr*if 4-yg;udk rjyjcif;jzpfonf/ f
rSwfcsuf
1- r*ypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um;-ynm 0dwuf orm0gpm-urE - tmZD0 0D&, owd orm"d f f G f d rdpm'd|d - [laom r*iw&m;ud,f 9-yg;onf r*ypn; rnf\/ xdk r*i;wkYd Eihf ,SOaom o[dwpwf 71-ck? f k f f S f f d apwoduf 52-ck? o[dwpwZkyf o[dwy#doaEurZkyf w&m; taygif;onf r*yp,yef rnf\/ f d f k 2-or,wtjzpf [lonfrm ,SOonf[k qd&jcif; - od&jcif;\ taMumif;jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh wnf&m k f S f k wljcif; paom 4-yg;wkdYudk or,kwft*Fg[k ac:onf/ 3-or,wypn; tusOf;csKyf rSwz,um; - pdwf 89-ck? apwoduf 52-ck (y0wd y#doaE emrf k f f G f w&m;taygif;)onf tcsif;csif; or,wypn;vnf; rnf\? yp,yevnf; rnf\/ k f k f 4-wnf&mwljcif;ponf rSaomtm;jzifh .... aus;Zl;ywwfaom-[k pyfyg/ qdvonfrm wnf&mwljcif; d k kd S paom or,wvuPm uif;aom tm;jzif?h 0g? waygif;wnf; a&m,Sujf cif;rSaom tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yonf? k f d ra&mr,SuyJ aus;Zl;yonf-[k qkv\/ f d kd
204
rSwfcsuf
1-0dy,wypn; o[Zmw yka&Zmw[k 3-rsKd;S&mwGif o[Zmw0dy,w rSwom;zG,f tusOf; k f d f csKyfonf o[ZmwtusOf;csKyf rSwz,f (3? 4) tyd'Eiw\/ ypmZmw0dy,w rSwz,f tusOf;csKyfonf f G k f S hf l k f G ypmZmw rSwz,Eihf wl\/ yka&Zmw0dy,w rSwz,f tusOf;csKyfonf yka&Zmw ed, rSwz,tusOf; (1? f G f S k f G f G f 2? 3? 4? 5? 6) tyd'EiwYdk Eihf wl\/ k f S hf S
rSwfcsuf
1-SdaeqJ\tjzpfjzifh .... aus;Zl;ywwfaom - [k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1- puK-rS 0wK-wdkifatmif 11-yg;onf 0dyemtm; aus;Zl;yaom tm&rPyka&Zmwwd ypn; f jzpfonf? xkYd aemif lyESihf o'onf 'dApuK - 'dAaomw tbdnmOftm; aus;Zl;yaom ypn; jzpfonf? xkYd aemif f lyg,wepaom ig;yg;onf puK0dnmPfponftm; aus;Zl;yaom tm&rPyka&Zmwwdypn; jzpfonf? xkYd aemif f pum,wepaom 0wKkyf 6-yg;onf puK0dnmPfponftm; aus;Zl;yaom 0wK yka&Zmwwypn; jzpfonf/ d f 2-twypn; usOf;csKyf rSwz,um;-(1) o[Zmwwonf o[ZmwESiw\? (2) yka&Zmwwonf d f f G f d hf l d yka&ZmwESihf wl\? (3) ypmZmwwonf ypmZmwESihf wl\? (4) tm[m&wonf uAVDum& tm[m&ypn;ESihf d d f wl\? (5) È,wonf lyZD0w`d E,ESihf wl\/ d d d d
rSwfcsuf
1- yXrteufonf jrefrmq&m tpOftquf ay;k;teuf jzpfonf? y#d - rdrukd twly - rdroYkd d d d twkvu + OyEmeH - jzpfueaom - y#KyEmeH rdroYkd twkvu jzpfueaom/ 'kw,teufrm y#KyEmeEd kd f k f d kd f k f d S ypKyEmeH-[k zGijhf yaom y|mef;t|uxm - r[m#DumwdYk EitnD jyefaom teuf jzpfonf/ S hf 2-ewypn;onf teE&ypn;ESihf wl\/ d f f 3-0d*wypn;onfvnf; teE&ypn;ESihf wl\/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-t0d*wypn;onf twypn;ESihf wl\/ f d f 2-yknmeH - yk'\ jrefrmjyef jzpfaomaMumifh ygVdEihf wdusaom teufukd ,lvu ,lEi&eftwGuf f S kd kd f tbdocFg&-[laom teufyukd vufonf;uGi;jzifh jyxm;onf/ odYk aomf ya&oH-ESihf yprmeH - yk'wYdk \ teuf kd f d f tbdocFg&-[laom y"meteuf rygvQif ravsmfaomaMumifh xdt&mwdYk um; ,if;teufukd vufonf;uGi;jzifh k f rjyyJ azmfxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-tjynftpHqvvQif tm&rPypn;owjd zifif;-[k aS;uJoYkd owygxnf qdyg/ aemufvnf; h k kd kd f h h d h k enf;wlyif rSwyg/ f 2-t0dZmonf-[laom uwm;udk aus;Zl;y\-[laom Bud,myk'wYdk Eihf pyfyg/ f S
205
3-Oyed,ypn; 3-rsKd;wkYd wif yuwlyed,ypn;udk qdonf/ aemufvnf; Oyed,ypn;[k f G f k f omrmefqvQif yuwlyedypn;udk qdonf[k rSwyg/ dk f k f 4-uwm;yk'ukd aus;Zl;y\ [laom Bud,myk'Eihf pyfyg/ f f S
rSwfcsuf
1-uye 0wA-[laom #DumtzGiEitnD uye-\ teufjzpfonf? qkoifh ajzoifaom pum;rSao;? H hf S hf d h d rQqdvQif b,fvtajzudrQ ray;Edi[k qdv\/ k dk k k f k kd 2-vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd pum;rsm;onf ]]tb,fukd qdoiftenf;}} [laom aSYpum;jzifh qdvaom f f k h hH k dk tcsursm;udk xkwazmfjyaom pum;rsm; jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh #Dum ]]torwm aw apm'em? t0od|O wm0 f f uax[Dwd 0kwH a[mwd}}[k xkwazmfjyxm;ayonf/ xdk jyqdcsufuyif ,l azmfjyxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-0gus wm0 - aS;OD;pGm[laom pum;onf ygVd aus;Zl;rsm;aomfvnf; jrefrmum; t&mwGif tusKd;rSrQru pyf[yf,&ef cufonf/ xkYd aMumifh xdwm0 - yk'ukd rjyyJ >cif;csexm;onf/ d Hk l k f f
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dZm[laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf - [laom pum;&yf wckaom taMumif;jyjcif; udk (ytyf\)? ocFg&[laom taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf [laom pum;&yf wckaom tusK;jyjcif;udk d (ytyf\) odYk aomenf;jzifh xdxt&m wckwckaom taMumif;tusK; jyjcif;udk ytyf\/ (#Dum) k kd d 2- aemuf0gusjzifh aS;0gusudk zGijhf yonf/ qdv&if;rSm aS;0gus tawm - tusKd; [lonfrm k kd S taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:aom zv-tusKd;r[kw?f pD;yGg;Opm ponfvnf; r[kw?f ya,mZe - ya,mZOf ac:aom xkoYkdjyqdjk cif;jzifh odapvdtyfaom &nf,onftusKd; aus;Zl;om jzpfonf[k odap\/ d k G f h 3-[dwy'wYdk ukd jyawmfr\-[laom Bud,myk'Eihf pyfyg/ f k f l f S 4-ztm;avsmpm a0'emudk ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfjcif;aMumifh - [l&m ]]&[ef;wkYd ? okca0'em\ taMumif; f G k f k jzpfaom z-tmkawGYrukd pG okca0'em jzpfay:onf}} odYk tpSaom pum;&yfjzifif;? ]]rsufpuif; H I J d h d kd tqif;wdYk uif; pG jrifor-puK0dnmPf jzpfay:onf? rsufptqif; jrifor[aom oH;yg;wdYk \ awGYqjkH cif;onf kd J d I d d I l k zaywnf;? 0g? oH;yg;wkYd \ awGYqjkH cif;aMumifh z jzpfay:onf? z [laom taMumif;aMumifh a0'emjzpfay: k onf}} odYk tpSaom pum;&yfjzifif;? (ydi;jcm;qH;jzwfjcif;aMumif- pyf) okca0'emjzpfaMumif; zponf d h k f k h puKor ponftm;avsmpm okca0'em ponfEihf puKoraMumifh jzpfaom a0'emponfwYdkukd ydi;jcm; f G S k f qH;jzwfjcif;aMumifh ([k qdv\)/ xifm;aptH?h rsuptqif; ponfwYdk wlnMD uaomf(vnf;) z\tpGr;tm;jzifh k k kd S f d f okcponf\ ajymif;vJrI rSjd cif; aMumifif;? tqif;wdYk Eihf ESv;oGi;rIponfwYdk wlnMD uaomf wducujf cif;\ h S kH f k f kd tpGr;tm;jzifh puKor aMumifjh zpfaom a0'emponf\ ajymif;vJrI rSjd cif;aMumifif;? tjcm;taMumif;wkYd \ f h wlnjD cif; Saomfvnf; z\tpGr;tm;jzifh okcpaom a0'em puKorZ-paom a0'emwkYd \ MoVm&du d f okcr ponf (tjzpf)jzifh a&m,SurI rSjd cif;aMumifif;-onfum; ]]ztm;avsmfpm a0'emudk ydi;jcm; k f h G k f qH;jzwfjcif;aMumif}h }-[laom pum;\ qdvaom teufaywnf;/ ,ckyif qdtyfcaom z\ (taMumif;tjzpfk k kd k hJ pyf) okcponfwYdk\ razmufrjyef rSeuefaom taMumif;tjzpfonfyifvQif a0'emtm;avsmpm zudk ydi;jcm; f f G k f qH;jzwfjcif; rnf\? wenf; taMumif; tusKd;txl;jzifh tusKd; taMumif; txl;udk qH;jzwfjcif; jzpf&onf? k k xkYd aMumifh (a0'emudk ydi;jcm;jcif; zudk ydi;jcm;jcif; [laom) 2-XmevH;wkYd vnf; qH;jzwfjcif;udk ydi;jcm;jcif; k f k f k k k f [l qd(tyf) ayonf/ (#Dum) k
206
rSwfcsuf
1-t0dZmudk .... ocFg&wkdY\ taMumif;jzifh jyawmfrl (tyf) onf[k odtyfayonf-[k pyfyg/ 2-t0dZmrSwyg;aom taMumif;wkYd SMd uygukeaomfvnf; t0dZmudom ocFg&wdYk \ taMumif;jzifh jyawmfrl f k (tyf)onf-[k qufpyf ,lyg/ 3-odkY jy"mef; (....) jcif;aMumifhif; .... ocFg&wkdY\ taMumif;tjzpfjzifh jyawmfrl (tyf) onf-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-qdcaom .... tajzpum;jzifyifvQif-[k pyfyg/ k hJ h 2-t0dZm [laom taMumif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfMuonf-[k wckaom taMumif;udk jy&mif;? ocFg& [laom taMumif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpfonf[k wckaom tusK;udk jy&mif;-[k qdv\/ d k kd 3-tajzpum;jzifyifvQif .... &nf,tyfaom tusKd;udk odtyfayonf-[k pyfyg/ h G f 4-t0dZm\ .... taMumif;tjzpf-[k pyfyg/ tukovf t0dZmu ukovf ocFg&wkYd \ taMumif; kd kd jzpfjcif;onf tb,foYkd oifygtHenf;? roif&m-[k qdv\/ h h h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-jynfre,vnf; t&m twdi;yif teufjyefxm;onf/ aS; aus;Zl;yyHukd tus,f l d k f k Si;jycJNh yD; jzpfaomaMumifif;? aemuf aus;Zl;yyHukd rjyyJ taMumif;jzpfyuom jyvwHh jzpfaomaMumifif; f h k kH kd h ocFg&wkYd \ taMumif;tjzpfukd apm'emjcif;om oifonf? aus;Zl;yjcif;udk apm'em&efvnf; roif?h aemuf h ajzSi;&efvnf; roih/ f f 2-oabmw&m;wkYd \ .... taMumif;onf-[k pyfyg/ jynfrled,tvdtm;jzifh ]]oabmw&m;wdYk tm; k qefYusionf rlvnf;jzpfaom rqefYusionf rlvnf;jzpfaom wlonfrvnf; jzpfaom rwlonfrvnf; jzpfaom f f l l ypn;onf? 0g? aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf xif\? 0g? NyD;pD;\}}[k jyef&m\/ um; Si;vif; jywfom; f f ap&ef tvdYk ig ypa,myk'ukd 0da'gpaom 4-yk'v;ESihf ,SO qefYusifaom taMumif;onfif; - ponfjzifh S f k f kH f jyefxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-aemufpw\ .... taMumif;aywnf;-[k pyfyg/ jynfre,um; - yk&rpdw?H aS;pdwonf/ d f l d d f ty&pdw? aemufpwtm;/ Xme0da'g? xifm;wnfjdS cif;tm;jzifh qefYusifonfjzpf/ ypa,m? onf/ oda'g? d f k S \/-[k qdxm;\/ oda'g? xif\-NyD;pD;\-[laom Bud,mrSm aS;pdeonf - [laom yXr uwm;ESihf ypa,m k f aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;onf-[laom 'kw,uwm;- 2-yk'v; ydiwpyf&ef rjzpfEi/ xkYd aMumifh d f kH f l kd f aus;Zl;ywwfaom w&m;jzpfvsuf xif\-NyD;pD;\-[k odYk &nf, a&;cJh avovm;[k pOf;pm;&ef S\/ G f d odYk aomf xdteufvnf; taMumif;tjzpfukd ray:vGif apaomaMumifh raumif;vS/ aemuftyd'wYdk vnf; teuf k k f uGvcsufrsm;udk enf;wlyif odygav/ J JG 2-aS;pdwum; wnfqr[kwf csKyfaysmufavNyD? aemufpwum; wnfqjJ zpf\? odYk wnfjdS cif; f dS J d f dS rSjd cif;tm;jzifh qefYusifonf[k qdv\/ k kd 3-aS;umv jzpfaom .... oif,avhusifjh cif;onfvnf; - [k pyfyg/ l 4-aemufumv jzpfueaom .... yvkyjf cif;wkYd \-[k pyfyg/ k f
207
5-uHonf kyEihf ere - Twjf cif; + kye - azmufjyefjcif; oabmtm;jzifif;? om&rP - tmkHudk f S h ,lwwfjcif;+tem&rP - tmkur,lwwfjcif; oabmtm;jzifif; - odYk ponfjzifh qefYusifonf[k qdv\/ H kd h k kd (#Dum) 6-EdYk &nfonf csKdaomt&omS\? EdYk "rf;onf csOaom t&omSd\? odYk paom oabmtm;jzifh d f qefYusifonf/ (#Dum)
rSwfcsuf
1-tvif;onf odjcif;udprS?d puK0dnmPfonf odjcif;udp\? odYk qefYusifonf/ (#Dum) dS (#Dum) 2-wifvponfwYdk rm rl;,pfapjcif; udprS?d t&ufrm rl;,pfapjcif; udp\? odYk qefYusifonf/ J S S dS 3-taMumif;tusKd; 2-yg;vH; wnfqcsnf;jzpf rqefYusif - [k qdonf/ (#Dum) k dS J k 4-EGm;arG;ESihf od;arG;wdYk onf aeZmjruf\ taMumif;jzpfonf? xdtarG;wkYd pka0;&mt&yf aeZmjruf k k aygufwwfonf [l\/ t0d-o'gonf od;udk a[m\? xkYd aMumifh t0davmrudk od;arG;[k jyefonf/ odYk aomf k k tEk#um t0Dwd p &wm {Vum-[k zGiaomaMumifh qdwukd qdonf[vnf; ,lz,\/ odYk &mwGif {VumD hf f k l G f dS yk'uvnf; qdwa[mr[kw?f od;a[myif jzpfaomaMumifh qdw[k jyef&ef roifay/ xkYd jyif om;csKonf jrm;jruf\ f f k f h d taMumif;? EdYk "rf; ESr;rIeYf wYdkonf jrufeYH om\ taMumif; ponf - t&tm;jzifh arSmonf [if;EkE,\ taMumif;? f G f jrnf;ESijhf rif;ronf vm;jrif;\ taMumif;jzpfonf? odYk ponfu,/ (#Dum) kd l
rSwfcsuf
1-wd - yk'\ teuf jzpfonf? qefYusif - rqefYusif - wl - rwlaom taMumif;\ jzpfjcif;? 0dyguf f r[kwaom tusKd;\vnf; jzpfjcif;aMumif[k qdv\/ yk'fudk odtyf\-ESifh pyfyg/ f h k kd 2-t0dZmonf .... tjypfonf jzpfjim;aomfvnf; .... taMumif; jzpfonf[k - odkY pyfyg/ dS
rSwfcsuf
1-cEmud,topf jzpfay:vmjcif; [lonfum; - vlYb0 tkrif;aom ud,ukd aoaomtm;jzifh ypfcs k f d k f &aomtcg wrvGeavmu tusKH;0ifaom ud,topf\ jzpfay:jcif;wnf;? tb,fuoYkd enf;[lr (atmufyg f k f hJ l *gxmudk b*0g*Dwd ponfwYdk) qkMd uouJoYkdyifwnf;/ h 0wmed ZdPmed ,xm y[m,? e0ged *PSmwd ea&m y&med/ eduy a'[H " ZdPar0H? *PSmwd twmbde0H okacoD/ d (b*0g*Dwd 11? 22) vlonf tdrif;a[mif;EGr;aom t0wfwYdk ukd y,fpeYf tjcm; k f G t0wfopfwYdk ukd ,l-0wfouJoYkd twlyif csrf;omudk tvkaom twonf h d dS avmu tdrif;aom ud,ukd y,fcspGeYf ypf ud,topfukd ,l\/ (#Dum) k k f k f #Dumtqduyif taMumif;y tcsKdYu txufyg *gxmtqdukd Ak'omoem0ifusrf;u vufcH k kd k oa,mifa,mif ajymqdMk u\/ trSepifppftm;jzifrl xd*gxmtqdukd vufconf r[kw?f y#doaEukd trSetwdi; f h k k H f k f rodaom t0dZmaMumifh rdpmt,ljzpfyukd om"utjzpf xkwjf yjcif;rQom jzpfonf/ kH
208
rSwfcsuf
1-awGa0aom olonf .... rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\-[k pyfyg/ f 2-t&m ajymif;aTYvm\? ajymif;aTYom;\-[k qkvifaomfvnf; aS; qdcaom pkwEihf y#doaE G d h k hJ d S tpOftm;avsmfpm qdxm;onf/ G k
rSwfcsuf
1- ocFg&-[lonfrm taMumif;w&m;wkYd u aygif;pknw ytyfaom ocFwocFg&wkYd jzpfonf/ S D T f 2-obm0vuPm [lonfrm kyw&m;\ kye - azmufjyefjcif; vuPm? emrfw&m;\ eretmkqoYkd S f H D Gwom;jcif; vuPm? yx0D\ tuVw - cufrm Murf;wrf;jcif; vuPm? z\ zkoe - tmkukd awGYjcif; f G H vuPm-odYk tpSaom oabmw&m; toD;oD;\ yifu&if; oabmyif jzpfonf/ ky\ vuPmonf emrfEihf d kd f S rqdiaomaMumif?h emrf\ vuPmonfvnf; kyEihf rqdiaomaMumif?h yx0D ponfwYdk \ vuPmonfvnf; k f f S k f tmaygponfwYdk Eihf rqkiaomaMumif?h z ponfwYdk \ vuPmonfvnf; a0'emponfwYdkEihf rqdiaom S d f S k f aMumifh ,if; obm0vuPmudk 0daoovuPm [lvnf; ac:\/ 3-omrnvuPm [lonfrm kyemrfoabmw&m; tm;vH;ESihf qdiaom vuPm jzpfonf? tedpwm[k S f k k f ac:aom tedpvuPm? 'kuwm[k ac:aom 'kuvuPm? tewwm[k ac:aom tewvuPm- 3-yg;onf jzpfysuforQ ocFg& kyemrf tm;vH;wkYd Eihf oufqi\? xkYd aMumifh ,if; vuPm 3-yg;udk omrnvuPm[k f k S dk f ac:onf/ 4-cEm 5-yg;wkYd wif wyg;yg;udk jzpfap? 2-yg; 3-yg; 4-yg;udk jzpfap twaumif[k pGvrf;vQif G J usefaom cEm 4-yg; 3-yg; 2-yg; 1-yg; wkYd ukd twe, - twaumif\ tpdwtydi; - [k pGvrf;onf/ (#Dum) d f k f J wud,v;udk twaumif[k pGvrf;NyD;vQif ighvuf ighajc ponfjzifh pGvrf;jcif;udvnf; twe, - ighOpm[k k f kH J J k d pGvrf;jcif;yif [lvnf; ,loif\/ J h
rSwfcsuf
1-twm Zmemwd 0g-[laom ygXfukd jyefaom teufrsm; jzpfonf? yXr teufonf S&if;twdi; jyefcsuf d k f jzpfonf? 'kw, teufonf wd - tydxnf Zmemwd wd 0g-[laom ygXfukd jyefcsuf jzpfonf/ e Zmemwd d k h 0g-[laom aemuftyd'vnf; enf;wlyif jyefxm;onf/ xkoYkd jyefjcif;taMumif;rSm tw0g'D yk*Kd vfwYdk u twonf k f d odvnf; od\? rodvnf; rod[k odYk ESprsKd;ESpaxG rpGvrf;MuyJ twonf odwwf\ - odYk jzpfap? f f J twonf rodwwf-odYk jzpfap wdwusus pGvrf;MuaomaMumifh ,if;wdYk \ pGvrf;yHEihf udunap&ef jyefjcif; d J J k S k f D jzpfonf/ 2-twonf odwwf\[l uydv*kP;0if (omcFs0g'D)wdYk uJoYkd rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq\/ (twonf) d f h f rodwwf[ uPm'*dP;0if (tPk0g'D) wkYd Eihf tmZD0u *kP;0if (*sde;0g'D) wkYd uoYkd rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq\/ l k f S d f f hJ f rSeay\? uPm'q&monfvnf; twonf olYyifu,tm;jzif?h 0g? olcsnf;oufouf rodwwf? r[mac: f kd f Ak'*PEihf aygif;pyfraom tcgom odwwfonf[k tvday\/ (#Dum) uydv0g' ponfwYdk ukd xuf d k f S d k dS us,jf yefYpm avhvmvdvQif 0do'r*f r[m#Dumed, pwkwwJG ESm 210 ponf Munfygav/ G k k d h 3-pum;jzifh uHukd yolEihf uH\tusK;udk cHpm;&aom olonf wa,mufwnf;yif jzpfonf[k S d pGvrf;yHukd jyonf/ Ak'w&m;awmfEihf wloa,mifa,mif xifrwz,f S\/ odYk aomf pifppfum; rwlyg? twpJG J k S S f G d Sorm ]]uHukd ypOfuvnf; tw olyifyonf? xku\ tusKd;udk cHpm;&aom tcgvnf; tw olyif d l S d H cHpm;&onf? b0a[mif;u twonfyif b0opfoYkd a&muf cHpm;&onf? wa,mufwnf; - wud,wnf;yif}}[k k f ,lqvsuf Sd\/ Ak'w&m;awmf tqdrm ]]uHukd ypOfuvnf; twaumif rS?d yvdaom pdwf apwempaom k S k emrfw&m;ESihf yvkyaom kyw&m; tpOfom Sonf? xdk emrfyrsm;onfvnf; a&pD;uJoYkd cPrpJ topfta[mif; f f d k f h ajymif;vJvsuf S\? xdemrfyf tpOfxrmyif taMumif;nDwaomtcg xdu\tusKd; emrfyf topfjzpfay: d k k J S G f k H k
209
vmonf/ xdoYkd tusKd;w&m; topfjzpfay:vmonfuyif yk*Kd vfu tusKd;udk cHpm;onf[k avmua0g[m&tm;jzifh k kd ajym&onf? odYk aom cHpm;wwfaom yk*Kd vf ow0g twaumifum; pifppftm;jzifh rS?d emrfytpOfrQom Sonf}} k f d [k jyqdvsuf Sonf/ xkYd aMumifh Ak' w&m;awmfEihf rwlyg/ k d S
rSwfcsuf
1-ud,ukd .... aumif;pGm wnfxm;ukevsuf .... jynfpapuke\-[k pyfyg/ k f f h kH f 2-pum;jzifh oVm,we jzpfonfukd jy\/ 3-pum;jzifh urb0 jzpfonf[k jy\/ 4-[laomfif; .... rSm;,Gi;pGm BuHq,l\-[k pyfyg/ f 5-BuHpnfvsuf .... xkdYtwlyif .... tm;xkwfyvkyf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-xkYd aMumifh .... pum;udk qdtyfay\-[k pyfyg/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-raem0dnmPfonf .... 22-yg; tjym;Sd\-[k pyfyg/ 2-0gus okyjf ypum;rsm;udk ed,enf;rjyefyJ odv,atmif jrefrmpum;ajy wdwEihf Si;Si; G f k kd S f f jyefxm;onf? aemufvnf; odYk aom pum;rsm;udk enf;jzifh jyefoif&m enf;yif jyefom;rnf/ h G 3-taMumif;aMumifh .... 16-yg;aom 0dnmPfwYdk onf jzpfue\-[k pyfyg/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifh wduwe;jcif;rSaom tocFg&dupdwukd jy\/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ k f G f d f 2-pum;jzifh wduwe;jcif;Saom oocFg&dupdwukd jy\/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ k f G f d f
rSwfcsuf
1-"ro*FPygVd ESm 104? 106-ponfif;? jrefrmjyef 166? 169-ponfif; Sonf/ tbd"rmygVdudk D d tusOf;rQom jyxm;aomaMumifh tus,fukd MunfvvQif tvG,wul MunfEi&ef TeMf um;onf/ okwygVd h dk f h kd f f rsm;rSm usrf;&if; Munfaomfvnf; tus,frSaomaMumifh rTeMf um;ay/ odYk aomf MunfvvQif 0do'r*fpmud, h d h kd k d k f TeMf um;csujf zifh odEi\/ kd f 2- 0daooeyk'ukd yXrpsmefoYkd-paom yk'rsm;ESihf pyfyg/ f f 3-"ro*FPD 116? jrefrm 183- Sdonf/
210
rSwfcsuf
1-"ro*FPD 136-ponf? jrefrm 212-ponf Sdonf/ 2-0daooersm;udk pwkwpsmefoYkd - yk'wYdk Eihf pyfyg/ f S 3-"ro*FPD 117? jrefrm 184- Sdonf/ 4-yO - ig;yg; + a0g[m& - cEm = cEmig;yg;Saom umr 11-bHk ly 15-bHk 26-bHukd d k yOa0gum&bHk - [k ac:onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-ig;yg;aom 0dnmPfwkdYonf .... tqif;tpSdaom tmkHudk tmkHy puK tpSdaom yom'kyfudk rSD .... NyD;apukevsuf jzpfue\-[k pyfyg/ f k f 2-tvGeaumif;jrwf tvGef tvdkSdtyfaom tmkHudk |-[k qkonf? twd|mk-[kvnf; ac:&\/ f d H tvdtyfumrQ omreftmkukd |rZw-[k qkdonf? |mkH[kvnf; ac:&\/ k dS H 3-ukov0dyguf0nmPfwYdk \ tmkEihf ra&myJ oufouf-oD;jcm;jzpfonf? tmkrQom xl;jcm;onf[k d H S H qdv\/ k kd 4-'oyd-udk twdtus jyefvQif q,fyg;wdYk onfvnf;-[k jyef&\? xk tyd-vnf;-[laom pum;jzifh d 9-yg; Spyg; paom tpdwukd aygif;qnf;\/ jrefrmum; 10-yg;[k qdrQjzifyif taygif;a&m tpdwyg f f k Hk h f tvH;pHukd ,lEi\/ xkYd aMumifh tyd-\ teuf ]]vnf;}} [laom pum;jzifh teuft"dyg,f rxl;jcm;onfjh yif k k kd f ygVdenf;udk rodorsm;rSm bmudqvoenf;[k pOf;pm;zG,f S\/ odkYjzpf xkdtyd-udk rjyefyJ csefxm;onf/ l k kd kd d aemufvnf; tusK;rrsm;avmuf&m enf;yif jyefom;rnf/ d G
rSwfcsuf
1-puK0dnmPfonf puK'Gg&om jzpf\? tqif;udom tmkH y\? puK0wKudom rS\? tm0Ze;ESihf k k D f or#pKd ef;wkYd \ tMum;Xmeom jzpf\? 'e - jrifjcif;udpom S\? tjcm;'Gg& ponfwYdk Eihf rqki/ xkYd twl d d S d f aomw0dnmPf ponfwYdk onfvnf; aomw'Gg& ponfwYdk Eiom toD;toD; oufqiue\? tjcm;'Gg& S hf dk f k f ponfwYdk Eihf roufqiue?f odYk ude;aoNrJayonf/ S kd f k f 2-raem"mwfac: or#dpdKef;pdwf 2-ckonf &Hcg puK'Gg&jzpf tqif;udk tmkH y\? &Hcg aomw Cme Zd0Sg um,'Gg&wkdY jzpf toH teHY t&om tawGYwkdYudk tmkHy\? xkYd aMumifh rNrJaom 'Gg&tmkH S\/ xkYd jyif d aS;pdwEitwl jzpfcaom [',0wKudk rS\? yO0nmPfEihf oE&PwkYd \ tMum;Xmeom jzpf\? vufcjH cif; f S hf hJ D d S D or#pKd ef;udpom S\? xkYd aMumifh NrJaom0wKXme udp Sayonf/ aemufvnf; NrJykH rNrJyukd enf;rS; ,l&m\/ d d d kH D 3-NyD;apvsufif; .... jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ 4-5-rsm;aomtm;jzifh .... aZm\ tqHk; .... jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ w'gkHonf trsm;tm;jzifh avmbaZm \ tqH; jzpfwwfonf? tenf;tm;jzifrl tjcm;aom a'goaZm arm[aZm umrukovaZm Bud,maZmwkYd \ k h kd f tqH;vnf; jzpfwwfao;onf-[k qdv[ef S\/ odYk aomf rlv#Dum ]]aZmjzifh w'gkukd rSw&m k k kd d H f aomreaZm\ tjcm;rJ aomrew'gkukd qdxm;aomaMumifh aomreo[*kwf (avmbaZm) wkYd uom h H k kd &nf qdonf-[k odtyf\/ rsm;aomtm;jzif-[k qdjk cif;\taMumif;rSm wd[waZm\ tqH;vnf; wcgw&H k h d f k t[dww'gkH jzpfwwfaomaMumifyif}}[k zGijhf yxm;\/ xkYd xuf us,fjyefYpm odvvQif 0do'r*f r[m#Dumed, f h G kd k d pwkwwJG ESm 75-76-wkYd Munfyg/ h
211
rSwfcsuf
1-t[dwf raem0dnmP"mwfwkdYonf .... 4-yg;aom udpwYdk ukd NyD;apukevsuf jzpfue\-[k pyfyg/ f k f 2-aemufumv .... b0ifupuif;-[k pyfyg/ d kd
rSwfcsuf
1- tajzmiftm;jzifqvQif ]]4-yg;aom udpwYdk ukd NyD;apukevsuf jzpfuef\? NrJaom 0wK Sue\? h h dk f k d k f rNrJaom 'Gg& tmkXme udp Sue\}} [k qdkvdk\/ H d k f
rSwfcsuf
1-ZpE - y#doaEuef;udk 0rf;wGi;uef;[lif;? ZmwdOrwu - y#doaEl;udk 0rf;wGif;l; [lif; f ajymqdMk uouJoYkd ZmwdA"d&-udk 0rf;wGi;em;yif; [lif;? Zmwd{Vrl*-udk 0rf;wGif; t [lif; h f jyefxm;onf/ 2- tpSd - [laom pum;jzifh "re - rrf;pGaom - pum;xpfaomol ponfwYdkukd ,lonf/ (#Dum) J
rSwfcsuf
1-ly0dyguf 5-yg;ESihf tmumoeOm,we0dyguf tmudOnm,we 0dyguf-[laom ckepfyg;udqonf/ k dk 2-raumif;rIuHSdaom yk*dKvftm; .... a o&tHaom anmifapmif; vJavsmif;aepOf .... xifay:vmjcif;odYk h a&muf\-[k pyfyg? xifay:vmonf[yif qdv\/ l k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-tmkH y .... y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\-[k pyfyg/ d f 2-y#doaEpwonf-[laom yk'\ 0daooe jzpfonf? 0daooeonf [dwteuf yg0ifaeaomaMumifh d f f f a[wkrE0aooe rnf\/ t&d,mr*fjzifh ry,f&ao; rjywfpao; ruif;ao;aom t0dZm wPSm tpSaom d J d udavom\ tm;tpGr;u txl; GwaptyfaomaMumifh y#doaEpwf quf jzpfay:jyefonf[k qdv\/ f f d k kd pyfyg/ 3-xdk yk*Kd vftm;? 0g? xdk yk*Kd vf\ pdwtpOfoEmef .... oH;rsKd;aom 0DxpwwYdk onf jzpfue\-[k f k d d f k f
4-[dwukd EkYH pmjzpfaom ESiom pyfyg? aocgeD;jzpfaomaMumifh aZmwdYk onf roefpr;uke?f tm;enf;pGm f G hf G f EkYpmjzpfaom t[keue\? xkYd aMumifh yuwdumvuJoYkd ckepfBudrwiatmif rjzpfEiMf u? 5-BudrrQom jzpfMu H G f dS k f h f dk f kd f onf[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-11-ckaom pdwuPwkYd [onfrm b0*Fpve? b0*Fyap'? raem'Gg&m0Ze;? r&PmoaEaZm 5 r?f l S k f -Bud w'gkH 2-Budr?f pkwpwf 1-Budr- 11-BudrwYdk jzpfonf/ d d f f 2-pdwuP 5-csuf t<uif;ESihf aS;b0u 11-csufukd aygif;vduvQif pdwuP 16-csuom k f f SaomaMumifh ky\toufonf pdwuP 17-csuf Sonf[qaom pum;ESihf rqefYusifNyDavm-[lr 16d f d k dk l csufrSm kyftmkH\ xifay:Ediaom umvrSp wGuxm;aom ta&twGuf jzpfonf? jzpfcgp rxifay:Edif k f f k
212
ao;aom twDwb0ifac: pdwuP 1-csufcefY Sao;onf? xdk twDwb0if cPygqdvQif pdwuP 17-csuf d k yif jzpfaomaMumifh rqefYusi[k #Dumq&mwdYk rdeYf qMkd u\/ f 3-tmkonf b0opf y#doaE b0if pkw-[laom tukov 0dyguf\ tmkjH zpfonf? tukov H d 0dyguf\ tmkonf ted|mkom jzpfonf? aocgeD; |mkur edrwup aovmcJaomf y#doaE tpSaom H H H d f kd JG h d tukov 0dygufonf |mkyif tmkH y&mra&mufNyDavm [k apm'emzG, [Detm&rPH - ,kwnaom H f dS H f hH (ted|) tmkonf [laom pum;udk qkonf? yuwdtm;jzifh vdcsifEpoufz,f |mkyif jzpfaomfvnf; H d k S f G H ,kwnaom ted|mkom rnfygonf[k qkv\/ tb,faMumifenf; [lr tukov 0dygufukd jzpfapwwfaom f hH H d dk h h l &m*paom ,kwnaom udavomwkYd \ tmkjH zpfaomaMumifh jzpfayonf/ Oyrm - rGejf rwfaom tpmjzpfapumrl f hH acG;yg;pyfxoYkd a&mufaevQif t,kwtnHh ted|mkom jzpfouJoYkd yifwnf;/ wenf; tyg,fy#doaE\ tmkH J f H h jzpfaomaMumifh ted|mkH rnf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-0Dxpwf jzpfNyD;vwfaomf .... jzpfukef\-[k pyfyg/ d d
rSwfcsuf
1-2-qnf;yl;xm;onfh tjypfuif;aom ukovuaom yk*Kd vftm; .... vJavsmif;aepOf xifay:vmjcif; kd f H dS odYk a&muf\-[k pyfyg/ 3-tmkHyjzpfaom .... aZm0Dxd\-[k pyfyg/ 4-w'gkuif;vsuf oufoufaZm0Dxd [lonfrm r[*KwfurerwvQif tmkaom aZm0Dxyif jzpfonf? H S d d f H dS d ,if; aZm0Dxukd r[*Kwf0yguf\ OypmuJoYkd rSwtyf\/ (#Dum) d d h f
rSwfcsuf
1-aocgeD;umv .... xifay:vmjcif;odYk a&muf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-aqGrsKd;wkdYonf .... ajymMum;ukef .... ajymMum;ukef .... ajymMum;ukef - ig;'Gg& aqmifay;ukef\[k pyfyg/ 3- yXrteufonf OyEa0g|Aem0omae - [laom S&if;ygXf\ teufjzpfonf/ 'kw,teufonf d d OyaE a0g|Aem0omae-[k SoifaomygXfukd ajrm jyefaomteuf jzpfonf/ d h f
rSwfcsuf
1-tmkonf umrok*wd jzpfrnfy*Kd vftm; xifay:onf/ H h k 2-tmkHonf lybHkESifh yXr wwd, tlybHwYdk jzpfrnfh yk*Kd vftm; xifay:onf/ k 3-tmkonf 'kw,ESihf pwkw tlybHwYkd jzpfrnfh yk*Kd vftm; xifay:onf/ H d k 4-tusKH;0ifaom .... y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\-[k pyfyg/ d f
213
rSwfcsuf
1-tlypkwaemif y#doaE jzpfyukd oD;jcm;cG qdjk cif;\taMumif;um; - tlypkwd\ tjcm;rJ lyg0p& d kH J h y#doaE rSd? txuftxuf tlypkw\ tjcm;rJ atmufatmuf tlyyy#doaEvnf; rS?d xkYd aMumifh ae0onm d h pkw\ tjcm;rJ e0wAukd tmkH yaom y#doaE rS?d xkb xyfjzpfvQif twdwukd tmkH yaom y#doaEjzpf\? d h d H f umrbH jzpfvQif twdwEihf ypKyef wyg;yg;udk tmkH yaom y#daE jzpf\/ atmuf tlypkwd 3-ckwYkd \ tjcm;rJh k f S vnf; twdwEihf e0wA wyg;yg;udk tmkH yaom tlyy#doaEuif;? twdwEihf ypKyef wyg;yg;udk tmkH f S kd f S yaom umry#doaEuif; jzpfoifonf tm;avsmpm ,SOaptyf\/ odkYaom txl;udk odapvkaomaMumifh kd h f G f d oD;jcm;xkw qkayonf/ (#Dumudk csKH;jyonf) f d 2-pmyd'f 625-rSp jycJaom pkwEihf y#doaEwYdk wif twdwukd tmkH yaom pkwpwonf umrok*wd k h d S G f d d f pkwd 9-yg;ESifh 'kwd, pwkw tly pkwd 2-yg;tm;jzifh 11-yg;aywnf;/ e0wAukd tmkH yaom pkwpwonf d d f lypkwd 5-yg;ESifh yXr wwd, tlypkwd 2-yg;tm;jzifh 7-yg;aywnf;/ xkYd aMumifh rlv#Dum twDwm&rPm {um'o0d"m e0wAm&rPm ow0"m - [k qdayonf/ 'kw, pwkw tly y#doaEwYdk onf yXr wwd, d k d tlyukovpwf [laom twdwuom tmkH yuke\? <uif;aom r[*Kwfy#doaEwYdk onf uodP;paom kd f d f kd f k f ynwf[aom e0wAukd tmkH yuke\/ umry#doaEwYdk onf twduuvnf; tmkH yuke\? rcsKyfao;aom l f f kd f urerwf *wderwukd &aomtcg ypKyeuvnf; tmkH yuke\/ d d d d f f kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-pkw\ tqH; .... y#doaEpwonf jzpfay:\-[k pyfyg/ d k d f 2-tusKH;0ifaom .... y#doaEpwonf-[k pyfyg/ d f 3-oErdS - y#doEr-[k SaomygXfEitnD jyeftyfaom teufaywnf;/ jynfre,um; y#doaE d d dS d S hf l d tm;jzif-[k jyef wwd,m teuf owr0bwf[k qd\/ h D d k 4-ememuPuurypn;\ om"uygXfukd 0dyguf0nmPfokyf jy&m ukov ur u#wm d f d tpSonfjzifh jycJNh yD;jzpfaomaMumifh rjy&ao;aom yuwlyed, ypn;\ om"uygXfuom t&m d f kd xkwjf yonf/ (#Dum)
rSwfcsuf
1-tlyb0onf trdy#doaE\ jzpf&mXme jzpfonf? ,if;trdrSm tjym;rS/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-y#doaEumvuyif bm0kyf rygcJaom olukd Zmwdy@Kufac:onf/ arG;NyD;onfaemufrS odYk r[kwf h h bm0kyf jzpfNyD;onfh aemufrS oif;uGyjf cif; ponfaMumifh bm0kycsKdYwaomolukd Moyuruy@Kuf [k ac:onf/ f hJ d xkd Moyuruy@Kufukd pifap&ef odYk qkonf jzpf&m\/ d d 2-bm0kyf csKdYoltm; 'ouuvmyf 2ck? rcsKdYoltm; 3-ck jzpfonf? *Aao,suudk &nfqkaom pum; d jzpfonf/ tjcm; y#doaEwYdk uvmyf rsm;pGmyif wydieuf jzpfMuonf/ *g0kwrsm;pGm yrmP Saom jA[mu, f f d h kd f uvmyfaygif;rsm;pGmyif wydieuf jzpfue\/ f k f
214
rSwfcsuf
1-jzpfvwfaomf .... 2-yg;aom a,medwkdY .... yrmP Sdvsuf .... trnfSdvsuf jzpfay:\-[k pyfyg/ 2-xkaeY arG;cgpod;\ tarG;udk ZmwdOPmac:onf (aupd0g')? [dr0Emt&yf ZmwdrE rsKd;oefYo;\ d k kd tarG;udk ZmwdOPmac:onf (tya&0g')? trd\ 0rf;Aduukd cG xkw,tyfaom od;i,f\ tarG;udk ZmwdOPm k f J f l k ac:onf (tan0g'/ 0do'r*f#um) 0g' 3-ckwYkd wif tya&0g'udk rlv#D 'k? 17- awGY&\/ k d D G 3-0gusudk tajzmifhtm;jzifh qdkvQif ]]qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; kyfuvmyf 2-ck 3-ck taygif;onf t@Z ZvmAkZa,medwYdk jzpf\? ZmwdOPm - od;arG;wrQifjzifh ESp,ltyfaom axmywf MunfyrmP S\? ,if;udk k f d uvv-a&Munf[vnf; ac:\}}[k qdkEi\/ uvv-a&Munf\ yrmPudk oarm[0daem'eD ESm 20l dk f vnf; tvm;wlyif jyxm;onf/ taemufwi; q&m0efwYdk url tdAmac:aom trd\ aoG;OESihf tz\ okuy; kd f k f kd waumif-okureYf wckwYdk aygif;pyf&mrS y#doaEjzpfvmonf[k qdMk u\/ ,if; aoG;OESihf okureYf wck pyfNyD;aom f I f I 0wKudvnf; yuwdrsupjd zifh rjrifEiatmif tvGeao;i,fonf[k qdMk u\/ xdk q&mwkYd \ tqdEihf ES;aESm k f kd f f k S D ,lvvQif ,if;aoG;O okureYf 2-rsK;pyf0wKxJ 'ouuvmyf 2-ck 3-ck uHaMumifh jzpfay:onf[k ,loif\/ dk f I d h xkoYkd ,vQif ]]t,H acg ar uma,m ly-ig\ kyu,onf? pwkr[mblwaum - "mwf 4-yg;jzifh NyD;\? d l D f kd f d rmwmaywuora0g-rdbwkYd \ okuaoG;jhzpf\}}[k a[mxm;aom oDvueygVd (72) ponfEihf nDwif;? d f f S G f rdbwkYd \ kya& taoG; ta&mif toGiEihf yHwYkd ukd axmufqif; oifavsmfonf[k qdoifay\/ f f S k h k h
rSwfcsuf
1-if;-[laom o'gjzifh .... NydwmwkdYvnf; .... rSdMu[k odtyf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-ed-tNrJ+psmr - rD;avmifc&onf + wPSm - qmavmifjcif; + u Sonf = edZmrwPSu - tNrJ H d d rD;avmifcae&vsuf qmavmifjcif;vnf; rsm;aeaom Nydwm/ H 3-tx 0g-rS tx-udk odYk r[kwyg jyef 0g-udk wo-ESihf wG wo 0g-oH;q,fwYdk onfaomfvnf; f J k [k jyefonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-wyg;ukefaom ..... Oyygwfa,med Sdukefaom-[k pyfyg/ jA[mavmu oHao'Z rS?d Oyygwfom h Sonf? xkd OyygwfjA[mwYdk rS wyg;qdvQif Oyygwfa,med Saom ow0gwkYd uom &onf/ d h k d kd 2-y#doaErS rsupuef;cJvQif uvmyf 6-pnf;? kyf 60? em;yif;cJvQi?f CmecsKYd cvQi?f bm0csKYd cvQif f d h h hJ hJ xdkYtwlyif uvmyf 6-pnf;? kyf 60 jzpfonf[if;? puKaomw 2-yg; csKdYcvQif? puK Cme? puK bm0 2-yg; l hJ csKdYcvQif? aomw Cme? aomw bm0? Cme bm0 2-yg;csKdYcJhvQif uvmyf 5 ;? kyf 50 jzpfonf [lif; hJ -pnf odYk ponfjzifh BuH ,l&ef Tejf yonf/ 3-wzef .... txl;udk odtyf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-aemuf tus,jf y&m waAm-[k zGiaomaMumifh y&dana,sm-udk odtyf\-[lom jyefonf/ hf y&d-o'g teufxl;rSd[k ,lonf/ 2-tly 4-bHwif xdxbrS pkawNyD;vQif xdxbyif jyefjzpfaom yk*Kd vf\ tpGr;jzifh qdonf/ (#Dum) k G k kd kH k kd kH f k 'kw,bHrS pwkwboYkd wufjzpfaom yk*Kd vf\ pkwd y#doaEuvnf; ,lvQif oif&m\/ 0gusjzifh cEmESihf d k kH kd h tmkH 2-yg;vH; wlonfukd jyonf/ k
215
3-cEmomwl tmkuonfukd jyonf/ H JG 4-qkconftwdi; enf;t>rufrQudk jyNyD;jzpfaomaMumifh qdNk yD;udif; rqd&ao;onfuif; tvH;pHukd d hJ h k f k k kd k k odrf;kH; 0gusudk qdkonf/ (#Dum) 5-pum;jzifh cEmESihf tmkH 2-yg;vH; uGonfukd jyonf/ k J
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifvnf; cEmESihf tmkH 2-yg;vH;uGonfuyif jyefveaom tm;jzifjh yonf/ h k J kd S f 2-rSp u'gpd-w&Hwcg-[k rqkawmhyJ aS;enf;udk rS od&ef tusOf;csKH;jyonf? xkYd aMumifh {0H-udk d D twl-[k jyefonf/ 3-pum;jzifh tmkH uGyukd t>rufrQ jyjcif;jzpfonf? tjynftpHjk yjcif;um; r[kway/ J kH h f 4- tcsKdY-[k qkjd cif;\ tusKd;udk Smoihf\/ t&m odYk aom t"dyg,f jzpf&m\ - emewum, -emewonDwYdk a[mxm;aom tcsKdYaom 0deygwduwdYk onf wd[wpaom y#doaE Sue\/ ,if;wdUk \ d d f d k f y#doaEukd 0deygwdu (csi;oabmwlonf)\ tjzpfjzifh 'k*wy#doaE[k ,lNyD;vQif (epfap&efqonf-pyf) d f d kd xd0eygwdu y#doaEonfvnf; tcsKdY ok*wdpw\ tjcm;rJom r[kwyJ ok*wdpwtm;vH;\ tjcm;rJ k d d k d h f k d k h jzpfaomaMumifh xd0eygwdu y#daoaEukd epfap&ef tcsKdY 'k*w-[k qdonf/ rSeay\? tyg,f y#doaEonf k d d d k f omvQif tcsKdY ok*wdpw\ tjcm;rJ jzpfonf? (ly-tlyESiwuG) tvH;pHaom ok*wdpw\ tjcm;rJ k d h hf k k k d h rjzpfEiay/ wenf;um; 'k*wy#doaEonf tcsKdYo*wdpw\ tjcm;rJvnf; jzpf\? 'k*wpw\ tjcm;rJvnf; kd f d k k d h d k d h jzpf\? odYk 2-yg; tjym;Sd\/ xkwif aemuf y#doaEukd MuOf aS;y#doaEuomvQif ,ljcif;iSg tcsKdY d G kd 'k*wy#doaE-[k qktyfayonf/ (#Dum) d d
rSwfcsuf
1-tcsKdY ok*wd'w\ tjcm;rJ tcsKdY'*wd y#doaEonf jzpf\-odYk aom uGjJ ym;jcif; txl;wkYd tcsKdY k d h k 'k*wpw\ tjcm;rJ tcsKYd o*wd y#doaEonf jzpf\-odYk ponfjzifh oifavsmf&mudk ,SOaptyf\/ r[*Kwf d k d h k h f r[kwonfh A[d'tmkaom pkw\ tjcm;rJ r[*KwftZwtmkH Saom y#doaEonf jzpf\ - odkY f H dS d h d ponfwYdk tjyeftvSef ,SOapjcif;udk rytyf? taMumif;rlum; - r[*KwftZwtmkH Sdaom pkwd\ tjcm;rJ f h r[*Kwf r[kwonfh A[d'tmkaom y#doaEonf tlybHwYkd rSaomaMumifaywnf;/ twdwvQif tmkH f H dS k d h f Saom pkw\ tjcm;rJ ypKyevQif tmkaom y#doaEonf jzpf\-[laom uGjJ ym;jcif; txl;\vnf; d d h f H dS tjyeftvSef ,SOz,f rSonfom/ (#Dum) tcsKdYukd csefxm;onf/ ruGjJ ym;jcif; - wljcif; txl;udvnf; f G d k odv,aomaMumifh rjyjcif; jzpfonf/ G f 2-{wH 0dnmPH - 0dnmPfonf? t0dZm'do[um&dum&P ocFg& 0aoe - t0dZmtpSdaom twlyazmf yzuf taMumif;Saom ocFg&\ tpGr;tm;jzif?h v'yp,H - &tyfaom taMumif;Sonf jzpf? d f d Am[d&uy&duyw t"dw|eu - omoeywdwwUkd BuHqtyfaom pDrcefYcwwfaom tw\ (#DumygXf d d d H JG t"dywd|eu-[k y-ydaeonf)? tbm0awm - rSjd cif;aMumif?h lygly"rrw-kyemrf oabmw&m;rQonf-[k k H f odYk zGijhf yaom #DumESitnD jyefqxm;aom jynfre,twdi; 0dnmPfukd y"mey jyefqtyfaom teuf hf kd l d k f kd jzpfonf/ xkjd yefqcsufrm y#doaE0nmPfukd jyqdaeaom tcPf;jzpfaomaMumifh oifonf[yif qdz,ay\/ kd S d k h l k G f dS odYk aomfvnf; {wH 0dnmPH-ESihf "rrwonf t&wljzpfoifygvsuf lygly"rrw-[k zGijhf yxm;aomaMumifh t&wl H h H [lvnf; rqdEi?f t&rwlyJ uGonf-[lvnf; qd&ef cufonf/ t&m y#doaEyemrftm;vH;udyif k kd J k k f k k t|uxmq&m &nfonf[vnf; qkoif\/ xkYd aMumifh {wH-ESihf "rrw-udk t&wlw atmufygtwdi;jyefvQif l d h H JG k f omoifavsmf&m\/ h qkconftwdi; &tyfaom taMumif;Sonfjzpf (topf jzpfay:vwfaomf? 0g? topfjzpfay: d hJ h k f d vmaom) oabmw&m;rQudk ]]b0wyg;odYk uyfa&mufonf}}[k (qdtyf\)/ k
216
rSwfcsuf
1-0gusvnf; atmufygtwdi;jyefvQif omoifavsm&m\-csJYjytH?h qdconftwdi; &tyfaom k f h f k hJ h k f (t0dZm ponfEiwuG ocFg&-[laom) taMumif;Sonf jzpf? 0g? taMumif;udk &onfjzpf topfjzpf S hf d ay:vwfaomf? 0g? topfjzpfay:vmaom kyemrf oabmw&m;rQudk ]]b0 wyg;odYk uyfa&mufonf}}[k f qktyf\/ d OyZrmeH-jzpfay:onf-[laom tzGijhf zifh aS;b0rS ajymif;aTYvmaom ta[mif;r[kw-topf f jzpfaMumif; xifm;odapvd\? xkYd aMumifh xdteufay:ap&ef topf-[laom pum;yg xnf jyefxm;onf/ S k k h
rSwfcsuf
1-aovke;jzpf .... onfrcHEiaom vl\-[k pyfyg/ D h kd f 2-jyif;xefueaom .... a0'emwnf;[laom "m;wkYd \-[k pyfyg/ k f 3-aS;y#dnmOf 0gus ]]vl\ pkwd y#doaE}}[k qkcaomaMumifh to[E -udk onf;rcHEiaom d hJ kd f vl\-[k azmf jyefonf/ vl\-[laom xdy'ukd ud,-[laom yk'Eihf pyfyg/ k k f k f f S 4- yXrteufonf eda'o-[laom ygXft& twdtus jyefaom teufjzpfonf? vlYavmu k k aocgeD;rSm trsm;tm;jzifh rsufpd ponfu tvsif csKyfz,\? xdtrsm;csKyf[efukd qdonf[k ,lvQif twdtus G f dS k k jyefaom xdteuf oif&m\/ odYk aomf yO'g&0Dxaemif pkwjd zpfyukd jyaompum;wkYd Eihf rqefYusifap&ef #DumwkYd k h G d kH S ]]tvGeEYk pm jzpfjcif;odYk a&mufonfukd &nf qkonf}}[k zGijhf yxm;MuonfEihf nDapvkaomaMumifh ]]csKyfuef f H G d S d k ouJoYkd jzpfvwfaomf}}[k 'kw, teufukd xyfqif jyxm;onf/ h d h 5-0dnmPfonf .... tmkHy jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ 6-wyg;yg;aom .... uHudk-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-0dnmPfudk .... Gwfap\ .... ypfcsuke\-[k pyfyg/ f 2-[dwukd t0dZmu zH;uG,-ESiif;? wPSmu Gwap-ESifhif; pyfyg/ f k f hf f 3-o[ZmwocFg&wkYd [lonfum; pkwteD; aZm0dnmPfEiwuG jzpfueaom apwemwkYd d S hf k f wenf;tvH;pHvnf; jzpfueaom ztpSaom w&m;wkYd aywnf;/ (#Dum) #DumESitnD k k k f d hf aZm0dnmPfEiwuG jzpfueaom apwemwkYd ukd okYd r[kwf xdk aZm0dnmPfwYdk EiwuG jzpfaom z S hf k f S hf apwoduwYdk ukd ocFg&[k qdonf? xdk ocFg&wkYd u pdw0nmPfukd y#doaE\ wnf&mjzpfaom uH f k f d tmk ypfcsMuonf - ypfcsMuouJoYkd jzpfMuonf-[l odtyf\/ H h aywnf;? pkwteD; d tpSaom d tpSaom d
4-wPSmu Gwaponf? ocFg&wkYd u ypfcsonf-[lonfrm pdwwckwnf;udk qdonfr[kw?f f S f k r&PmoaEaZm pkwd y#doaE[aom pdwtpOftvdtm;jzifh Gwaponf? ypfcsonf[k qkv\/ l f k f d dk 5-6-[',0wK[k qdtyfaom rS&mudk yOa0gum&b0 a&mufonf-&onfjzpfif;? pwka0gum&b0 k D ra&mufonf - r&onfjzpfif; oufouf tmkH or,ww&m;ESihf uH[aom taMumif;w&m;wdYk aMumifomvQif k f l h rjywfjzpfom;\/ xkpum;xJ tm',rmeH - [lonfum; ygykPE-a&mufonf? y#dvbrmeH-&onf (jzpf)? G d H um; teuf/ (#Dum)
217
rSwfcsuf
1-Oyrmpum;jzifh y#doaEpwonf aS;b0u taMumif;ESihf ruif;rl jzpfonfukd EIi;,SO odap\? d f d f f odv,\? xifm;\/ G f S
rSwfcsuf
1-Oyrm pum;jzifh aS;b0rS w&m;rsm; ajymif;aTYrvmyHukd EIi;,SO odap\/ odYk aomf pum;udk k d f f oabmayguf em;vnf&ef cuf\/ xkYd aMumifh #DumzGiyukd xkwjf yOD;th/ a[mEd tnMw t*E-[lonfum; hf kH H rlvtoH tpSaom taMumif;\ t&yfoYkd roGm;-ra&mufr taMumif;Sue\? (tb,faMumifh qkaomf) xdk d l d k f d jzpfay:onfrS aS; rSao;jcif;aMumifh aywnf;/ twlyif y#doaE0nmPfonfvnf; taMumif;\ t&yfoYkd d d roGm;-ra&mufr xdk t0dZmtpSaom taMumif;aMumifh jzpf\? (tb,faMumifh qdaomf) xdk jzpfay:onfrS aS; l d h k rSao;jcif;aMumifaywnf;/ xdYk aMumifh y#doaE0nmPfonf taMumif;\ t&yfjzpfaom aS;b0rS b0odYk d h d vmcJonf r[kw?f (Oyrm) yJwifoH ponfwYdkonf rlv&if; toHponf\ t&yfrS rvmukeouJoYkd yifwnf;? xdk h h f h aS;b0 (NyD;cJaom) taMumif;ESiuif; jzpfonfvnf; r[kw/ (Oyrm) rlv&if;toH ponfEiuif; yJwifoH h hf f S hf h ponfwYdk rjzpfMuouJoYkd yifwnf;/ um; teuf/ wenf;um;-a[mEd tnMw t*Em-[lonfum; rjzpfao;rD h aS;umv taMumif;\ t&yf pka0;wnfaeNyD;vQif xdt&yfrS wyg;aom t&yfoYkd om; xkd taMumif;aMumifh dS k G jzpfMuonf r[kwue?f (tb,faMumifqaomf) jzpfay:onfrS aS;umv rSao;jcif;aMumifaywnf;/ rlv f k h h dk d h toH&if; ponfaMumifh rjzpfMuonfvnf; r[kwueouJoYkd y#doaE0nmPfonf twl yifwnf;/ odYk f k f h d qktyfcNhJ yD;aom enf;jzifh ,SOaptyf\/ (#Dum) d f
rSwfcsuf
1-pmyd'eygwf 632- qkconf/ k f H d hJ
rSwfcsuf
1-tusKd;onf .... (qdktyf - qdoifonf) rjzpfay-[k pyfyg/ k h 2-pwkr"k&ac: tcsKdav;rsKd;ESihf csdy&nf ponfjzifh xHapjcif;onf o&ufEihf rmwkv*ac: aSmufyef; f k S k F paom rsK;aphwYkdukd txl;yjyifpuysK;jcif; rnf\/ Oyrm uHaom ow0gonf txl;yjyif pduysKd;tyfaom d kd f d dS k f rsKd;aphEihf wl\? uHonf txl;yjyif pduysK;jcif;ESihf wl\? ow0g\ y#doaE0nmPf tpSaom tpOfonf S k f d d d rsKd;aph\ tanmuf tpSaom tpOfEiw\? xdk rsKd;aph\tanmuf paom tpOf jzpfaom csKaom o&ufo;\ d S hf l d D if;? eDaom trTmSaom aSmufyef;oD;\if; jzpfjcif;onf xdo&ufrsKd;aph aSmufyef;rsKd;aph\omvQif jzpfjcif;uJoYkd d k h if;? xdtxl;yjyif pduysKd;jcif;aMumifomvQif jzpfjcif;uJoYkd if;? 0dnmPf tpSaom tusKd;\jzpfjcif;udk uHukd k l k f h h d yaom ow0g\omvQif jzpfjcif;[lif;? xkuaMumifomvQif jzpfjcif;[lif; odtyf\/ (#Dum) d H h
rSwfcsuf
1-oli,f\ud, ytyfaom 0dZmac:ynmudk oifjcif; odyac: twwfukd oif,avhvmjcif; aq;ESihf k f l ,SOapjcif;wkYd onf BuD;&ifaom ol\ud,oYkd ra&mufue?f odYk aomfvnf; xkoif,avhvmjcif; ,SOapjcif; [laom f h k f k d l f taMumif;aMumifh ynm\ xufjrufjcif; twwfukd wwfod em;vnfjcif; tema&m*guif;jcif;wkYd onf BuD;&ifaom h vlBuD;\ud, jzpfueNf yD;pD;uke\/ xkd ynmxufjrufjcif; ponfwYdkonf tjcm;oltm; jzpfonf r[kwue?f k f k f f k (tb,haMumifenf;) xdoi,f\ kyemrftpOfoEmef twGi;0ifonf omvQijf zpfaom vlBuD;\ud, jzpfjcif; f h k l f f k f aMumifaywnf;/ xkd ynm\ xufjrufjcif; ponfwYdkonf i,fpOfu ,SOapcJaom ynmudk oifjcif;ponfEihf h f h S uif; wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfMuonfvnf; r[kway? (tb,faMumifenf;) i,fpOfu ynmoifjcif; f h ponf rScaomf BuD;aomtcg ynmxufjrufjcif; paomtusK;\ rSjd cif;aMumifh aywnf;/ twlyif t&m d hJ d vnf; (r&PmoEaZm pkwd y#doaEpaom) pdwtpOfoEmef jzpfay:vmaom y#doaE0nmPf paom tusK;onf f d d (uHukd yolr) tjcm;ol\ tusK;r[kw?f tjcm;taMumif;aMumifh jzpfonfvnf; r[kw[k ,SOaptyf\/ S d f f
218
apm'emzG,f tcsufukd qufSi;OD;th?H Oyrm pum;jzifh ocFg&rSvQif tusKd;\ rSjd cif;udomvQif jyayonf? f d k tjcm;taMumif;udk y,fjrpfjcif;udk jyonfum; r[kway/ (#Dum) f
rSwfcsuf
1- 0daooersm;udk tusKd;\-[laom 0daoosyk'Eihf pyfyg/ f S
rSwfcsuf
1-2- pum; 2-&yfjzifh ]]tmrcHjcif; tpSdaom}}[k qkdcJh&mwGif ]]tp Sdaom}}\ t&udk jyonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyguf0dnmPf 9-yg; [lonfrm r[m0dyguf Spyg;ESihf ukov0dyguf OayumoE&Pyif jzpfonf/ S f D 2-y#doE,H {0-[laomygXft& twdtusjyefaom teufjzpfonf? y#doaEtm; aus;Zl;yvQif b0ifEihf d S pkwtm;vnf; aus;Zl;yawmhonfom jzpfaomaMumifh ,if;b0 pkwwYdk uvnf; y#doaEt& xnfoi; d d kd h G f qdonf[k ,lvQif oif&m\/ odYk aomf aemuf qkvwHaom tlyukovt&mum; .... b0ifEihf pkwukd k h d h kd f S d y0wumv tjzpfjzifh oD;jcm;xkw qdxm;ao;\/ d f k
rSwfcsuf
1-lybH &aumif;aom t[dwfukov0dyguf ig;yg;ESifh ly0dyguf ig;yg;udk qdkonf/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;udk trsm;\tpGr;tm;jzifh qdonf? rSeay\? xdumrm0p& ewfwYkdtm; |omvQif f k f k jzpfueaom lygkH ponfwYdk onf rsm;pGmxifue\? w&HwcgomvQif ted|mkH xif\/ w&Hwcgxifyrm - tcsKdY k f k f kH S ewfwYdktm;omvQif (aocgeD;) ykAerwf xifaomumv ponfwYkd yefqifxm;aom yef;\I;EGr;jcif; paom d d d f ted|mkwYdk Eihf awGYuHjcif; jzpfayonf/ (#Dum) H S 2-t&mum; - b0ifpwu&nf y0wumv aus;Zl;yaMumif; oD;jcm; qdxm;onf/ k d kd d k
rSwfcsuf
1-umrm0p& rnfue\/ k f ewfwYdkonfif;? vlwYdkonfif;? 0deygwduewfwYkd onfif; d emewum,emewonD
2-yXrpsmef 3-bH jA[mwkYd onfif;? tyg,f 4-bH ow0gwkYd onfif; emewum,{uwonD k k rnfue\/ xkwif jA[yg&doZmwkYd xuf jA[ya&m[dwmwkYd \ ud,um, BuD;uke\? jA[ya&m[dwm wkYd xuf k f d G k k f f k r[mjA[mwkYd\ ud,um, BuD;uke\/ k f f 3-'kw,psmef jA[mwkYd onf {uwum,emewonD rnfue\/ ,if;wdYk rm t0dwupsmefonmESihf d k f S t0dwut0dpm&psmefonm 2-yg;wdYk wif wyg;yg;aom y#doaEonm Sue\/ G d k f 4-wwd,psmefbEihf tonowfrS wyg;aom pwkwpsmefbwYdk jA[mwkYd onf {uwum,{uwonD kH S kH rnfue\/ k f 5-umr0dyguf 16-yg;ESifh ly0dyguf 5-yg;udk qkdonf/
219
rSwfcsuf
1-atmuftly 3-bHukd qkonf/ ae0onmrSm pdw0nmPf tvGeorarGYaomaMumifh 0dnmP|dwd rrnf/ k d f d f d f 2-ae0onmonf ow0gwkYd ae&m owm0goum; rnf\? xkdYaMumifh ,if; ae0onmESifhwuG tly 4bHukd qdkonf/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-pmyd'eygwf 637-yXryd'jycJaom emewum,emewonD ponfukd qkonf/ k f H k f h d 2-*Aao,su-[laom trnfjzifh ZvmAkZudk qkonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-oEwoDvwkYd [lonfum; - uvmyftpOfoEmef\ rlv&if; uvmyfwYdk aywnf;/ (#Dum) 2-t@ZwkdY\ .... 23-yg;aom w&m;wdkYudk .... emrfkyf[l odtyfukef\-[k pyfyg/ 3-tus,ftm;jzifh .... ESpfq,faom .... 23-yg;aom-[k pyfyg/ tus,f [lonfrm trsKd;wl kywYdk ukd S f ravQmyJ ,ljcif;yif jzpfonf/ h 4-y#doaEcP 0dum&kywYdk rSMd uao;aomfvnf; vuPkyEihf tmumokyum; S\? xkYd aMumifh f f S f d y&rwtm;jzifh rNyD;pD;aom xdk vuPmkyf tmumokywYdk ukd MuOfvonfjzpf lykytzdYk [k rdeYf qonf/ (#Dum) f dk f kd lyky[onfrm y&rwtm;jzifh NyD;pD;aom edyE - kyyif jzpfonf/ f l S f 5-z ponfwYdk ukd ocFg&uEm tjzpfjzifh wckwnf;tjzpfoYkd aqmif 23-yg;aom w&m;wkYd [l qdonf/ (#Dum) k
rSwfcsuf
1-oEwdoDo 7-yg; [lonfrm puK'ou aomw Cme Zd0g um, bm0 0wK'ou uvmyfwYdk yif S S jzpfonf/ 2-pum;jzifh 0dnmPfaMumifh emrfoufouf jzpfonfukd jyonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifh tbdocFg& 0dnmPfaMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonfujkd yonf/ f 2-Owkork|mef S-[lonfrm OwkvQif jzpfaMumif;Saom 0g-OwkaMumifh jzpfaom OwkZkyyif jzpfonf/ d S d f 3-yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m 0P &o MoZm - [laom kypck taygif;oufoufukd ok'|u f S f uvmyf[k ac:onf/ 4-ok'|u uvmyf yg0ifaom kyf SpcEihf toHyf - [laom 9-ckukd o'e0u uvmyf ac:onf? f k S k toHESifhwuG kyf 9-cktaygif;[k qdv\/ k kd 5-ow0gwkdYtm;rlum; .... udk,f ..... ok'|u uvmyfonf jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ ow0gwdkY\-[k qdrS k o'genf;usonf? odYk aomf jrefrmvdk racsmarm rajyjypfay/
220
rSwfcsuf
1-tm[m&Zkyf 8-yg; + OwkZkyf 9-yg; + pdwZkyf 9-yg;-aygif; 26-yg; jzpfonf/ 2-oHk;Budrfjzpfaom .... urZkyf-[k pyfyg/ 3-26-yg;ESihf 70-aygif; 96-yg; jzpfonf/ 4-um,'ou uvmyfaygif; rsm;pGmSaomfvnf; aygif; kyf 10-om a&wGuonf? tjcm;uvmyf d f wkYd uvnf; enf;wlyif aygif; a&wGuonf? xkoYkd aygif; a&wGuonfuyif tusOf;[k qdonf/ kd f d f kd k 5-97-yg;aom w&m;wdYk wif pdwZkywYkd onf a'G yO0nmPf 10-ESifh tly0dyguf 4-ckwYdk rS wyg;aom G f d pdwf 75-yg;wdkY\ Oyg'fcPwki; jzpfue\/ urZkywYkd onf pdwwi;\ Oyg'fcP XDcP bifcPwkdif; d f k f f f dk f uHaMumifh jzpfue\/ Owkzkyf tm[m&ZkywYdk onfvnf; xkYd twlyif pdwwi;\ Oyg'fcPwkdif; XDcPwdkif; k f f f kd f bifcPwki; ky\ XDoYkda&mufaom Owktm[m&wkYd aMumifh jzpfue\/ odYk rjywfjzpfonfukd qkonf/ d f f k f d
rSwfcsuf
1-kyfSdaom aSYydkif; 0dnmP|dwd 4-yg;udk qkdonf/ 2-tonowfEiwuG kyaom owm0gowkYd ukd qdonf/ S hf f dS k 3-yknua,m - [laom ygXft& twdtus jyefcsuf jzpfonf? 0do'r*f yXrwGJ r&Pwdt&mvnf; k d yknua,e r&PH-[k qkc\/ xkt&m vl\aojcif;udk jyaomaMumifh Si;\/ xkdYtwlyif vl\aojcif;udk y"me d hJ d f y *wdig;yg;vH; ow0gwkYd \ uru, - uHueaojcif;udk jyonf[k ,l&m\/ k k f
rSwfcsuf
1-kyukd rjzpfapwwfaom uHaMumifjh zpfaom yO0nmPf\ jzpfqJ y0wd umvudif;? (xdtcdu) f d k k k f o[Zmwypn; jzpfaom yO0nmPfuif; &nf ]]yOa0gum&b0 y0wumvif;}} [laom pum;udk qdonf/ f d kd d k rSeay\? xkd yO0nmPf jzpfcu xdk yO0nmPfaMumifh apwoduf emrfonfomvQif jzpfayonf/ uHEi,Oaom f d kd f d S hf S f ur0nmPfypn;aMumifrum; xdk yO0nmPf jzpfcuvnf; (yO0nmPfEi,Oaom apwoduemrfEihf urZkyf d f h l d kd f d S hf S f f S [laom) emrfkyf 2-yg;pHk jzpfonf[k qkEiao;\? xkYdjyif ypmZmw 0dnmPfypn;aMumifh kyonfawmifcivsuf d kd f f f h kd f Sday\/ (#Dum) 2-pum;jzifh 0dnmPfaMumifh emrfoufouf jzpfonfukd jy\/ 3-ur0nmPf ypn;udk &nf tonowfy*Kd vfwYdk - ponfukd qkonf/ (#Dum) tonowf yk*Kd vf d f k d wdYk tm; lyukovuaMumifh y#doaErp woufywfv; ZD0we0u urZkyrsm; jzpfonf? xdk kyrsm;onf kd f H S kH d f f uHEi,Oaom 0dnmPfaMumifvnf; jzpfaomaMumifh ,if;urZkywYdk ukd ur0nmPfaMumifh jzpfonf[vnf; S hf S f h f d l qk&\/ d 4-b0if paom0dygufukd jzpfapwwfaomuHrS wyg;aom uHaMumifh kyjf zpfaom (b0if ponf jzpfq) J umvudif;? eda&m" ormywfumvudif;? b0ifponf jzpfqJ umvrS wyg;aom (ukovf tukovf Bud,m k k kd kd jzpfq) umvudif; &nf ]]yOa0gum&b0 y0wumvif;}} - [laom pum;udk qdonf[k (qdvQi) oif\/ J k d k k f h rSeay\? b0iftpSaom 0dyguf\ jzpfqumv xdb0if ponfukd jzpfapwwfaom uHaMumifh jzpfaom urZkyf f d J k ESihf xd0ygufonf ur0nmPfvQif taMumif;Sonf[k qkEiay\/ qufO;tH?h o[Zmw0dnmPf ypn;udk k d d d d dk f D f riJaomfvnf; y0wumv uHaMumifjh zpfaom kyonfif;? 0dyguf emrfonfif;? ur0nmPfukd riJonfum; h d f d h rSday/ (#Dum)
221
rSwfcsuf
1- pum;jzifh 0dnmPfaMumifh kyoufouf jzpfonfukd jy\/ f 2-o[Zmw 0dnmPf ypn;aMumifh emrfyuif;? ur0nmPf ypn;aMumifh emrfyuif; jzpfoifonf f k f kd d f k f kd h tm;avsmfpm ,SOaptyf\/ (#Dum) G f 3-xdk (....) tvHk;pHkudk .... aygif;,l .... emrfkyf[k odtyf\-[k pyfyg/ 4-emr-emrfonfif;? ly-kyonfif; emrly = emrfyonfif;-[laom 3-yk'wif yXryk'onf f k f f G f wwd,yk'\ aSYyi; wpdwEiw\? 'kw,yk'onf aemufyi; wpdwEiw\? xkYd aMumifh wpdwwaom yk'wYdkukd f kd f f S hf l d f kd f f S hf l f l f acsazsmuf emrly-emrfyf [lom qkonf? xkoYkd qdonfukd wpdwoww-toHwl wck<uif; yonf[k o'g k d d k f k d l usrf;wkYd qkonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-y|mef; kywYdktm; Oyed,ypn;jzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;udk ra[maomaMumifh okweenf; y&d,m,f f f f tm;jzifh [k qdonf/ (#Dum) k
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVd tyd-o'gudk t'd|-yk'Eihf ,SOjf yxm;onf? ,SOoif&m ,SOaomaMumifh Xmey,kwyif f S f h f f jzpfonf/ xkygVdukd twdtus jyefvQif rjrif&onfvnf; jzpfaom kytm;-[k jzpf\? ray:vGif rxifm;? d f S xkYd aMumifh tyd-\ teufukd ly-ESihf ,SOap y#doaE kytm;vnf;[k t|mey,kwf y jyefxm;onf/ f f aemufvnf; enf;wl jyefcsufrsm; Svrrnf/ d d hf 2-pum;jzifh avmuDusr;q&mwkYd todtrSwf yxm;aom yrmP 4-yg;wGif 'kw,yrmPudk jyonf/ f d rSeay\? Esm,usr; rSepmodjrif qH;jzwfEijf cif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom yrmPwkYd ukd (1) ypu-rsujf rif ud,awGY f f f G k kd k f jzpfjcif;? (2) tEkrwd-tEkrme - rsujf rifEihf EIi;qjcif;? (3) Oyrme - yHw?l (4) o' - cdivaom usrf;*eftqdk S d f k k f kH paompum; - [l 4-yg; jyqkxm;avonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-wck<uif;yxm;aom emrly-emrfy-[laom o'g\ teufuvnf; xdtrnfjzifyif qdxm;onf/ k f kd k h k 2-wd-\ teufjzpfonf? if;jzifh tm[m&kyuvnf; odr;,ltyf\/ f kd f 3-rwH-odtyf\? wd a0'dwAH - odYk aom tqH;tjzwfukd odtyf\-[k ed, jyef\/ odkYaomf k wd a0'dwA-jzifh rnfoYkdrQ teufx;r&Edionfjh yif xyfwjl zpfaeaomaMumifh jrefrmjyef ydae\/ xkYd aMumifh xkd H l k f k (wd a0'dwA)udk >cif;csexm;onf/ H f
rSwfcsuf
1-wyg;aom tjym;tm;jzifh rjzpf-[laom pum;jzifh xdxemrf xdxyf rSvQif xdxkd tm,mwe k kd k kd k d k rjzpf[ Aswd&uf - ajymif;jyef teufukd jy\/ l d
222
rSwfcsuf
tyf\/ 1-pum;jzifh o[Zmw twGi;0ifaom ur È, psme r*-wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;udvnf; odr;,l f d k f
2- 8-yg; 9-yg; 10-yg; tjym;wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;udk 7-yg; ponfjzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;xuf tvGef Ouo - [k rSwtyf\? 9-yg; 8-yg; 7-yg;wkYd jzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;udk 10-yg; ponfjzifh aus;Zl;yjcif;atmuf H f t,kwf - t0uHo-[k rSwtyf\/ 7-yg;atmufum;rSd? xkdYaMumifh 7 f -yg;udk rlwnf tvGeft,kwf 2-yg;udk r,l&[l\/ (#Dumtqd) k
rSwfcsuf
1-aS;OD;pGm .... odtyf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-Oy-wPSmESihf 'd|wYkd uyftyf - uyfEiaom? 0g? tmkH yEdiaom avmuDuovf tukovuu + d kd f k f k kd kd f H tm'dEu - rdr\ Opm[k ,ltyfaom tusKd;w&m; = Oyg'dEu - avmuDu\ tusK;w&m;/ d H d
rSwfcsuf
1-|mkEihf ted|mkwYdk ukd twly IEiaom bk&m;&[Emudk wm'D-[k ac:onf/ xdk taumif;tqdk; H S H kd f tmkH 2-rsKd;aMumifh azmufjyef ajymif;vJjcif;rSyJ nDwEionfukd wm'd*P-[k qdonf/ d l I kd f k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-rsm;aomtjym; Saom[lonfrm ukov0dygufponf yO'g& (jzpfaom z) ponfwYdk \ d S G tpGr;tm;jzifh rsm;aom tjym;Saom a'GyO0nmPfzrS wyg;aom ztm; ([kqv\)/ (#Dum) f d d kd kd
rSwfcsuf
1-tpSdukefaom ..... a0'emwkdYudk-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;ypn;udrl uH\tusKd;0dyguf r[kwonfuvnf; tcsKdY q&mwkYd tvkue\/ xkYd aMumifh f k f kd d dS k f ]](,m ye) txl;um; raem'Gg&}} ponfjzifh raem'Gg&m0Ze;ESihf ,SOaom z\ ypn;tjzpfukd qdonf/ xkd f f f k pum;udvnf; t>rufrQjyaom pum;[k rSwtyf\/ jyqdcaom enf;jzifh tjcm;rJh [kwf r[kwaom k f k hJ f tvH;pHaom z\ xdx0ygufa0'emtm; Oyed,jzifh aus;Zl;ywwfonf\ tjzpfukd ,SOaptyf\/ (#Dum) k k k dk d f
rSwfcsuf
1- Oap''d|jd zifh pGvrf;yHEihf 0db0wPSm jzpfyukd us,jf yefYpm avhvmvdvQif igwdYk a[mMum; a&;om; J k S kH G k xm;aom y#dporkyg'fw&m;awmfBuD; 'kw,wGJ ESm 65-if;? bm&okwew&m;awmfBuD; ESm 135-if; Munfhyg/ d f 2-xdOyrm a0'emudk om;uJoYkd rSwtyf\? a0'em\taMumif;jzpfaom lygkponfwYdk ukd EdYk &nf k h f H ponfwYdk uoYkd (rSwtyfue\)? tqif;paom tmkH 6-yg;udk ay;wwfueaom yef;csq&mpaom 6-OD;wkYd ukd hJ f k f k f D EdYk &nf ponfukd ay;wwfaom EdYk xe;uJoYkd (rSwtyfue\)/ xkd 6-OD;wkYd wif &ue;onfu El;nHaom tawGY d f h f k f G f h
223
Saom t0wfukd ay;wwfonf? aq;q&mu &om,e yg0ifaom MoZm\ tpGr;tm;jzifif;? xdMk oZmu d f h axmufytyfaom toufy\ tpGr;tm;jzifif; "rmkukd ay;wwfonf[k rSwtyf\/ (#Dum) hH k f f h H f
rSwfcsuf
1-]]wenf;um;}} - tpSdaom pum;jzifh 0dygufokca0'em oufoufomvQif (taMumif;ypn; jzpfonf) f r[kwao;? pifppfaomfum; 0dygufa0'em 3-yg;vH;onfvnf; txl;tm;jzifh wPSm\ Oyed,ypn; f k f jzpfao;\? omrntm;jzifrl 0dygufr[kwaom a0'emonfvnf; (Oyed, ypn; jzpfao;\)[k jy\/ h f f Oayumudrl Nidroufonf\ tjzpfaMumifh csr;omokc[lomvQif qdtyf\? xkoYkd csrf;omokc[k qdtyfaom k f f k d k aMumifh xdk Oayumonfvnf; om tvdonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh wPSm\ Oyedypn; jzpf\[k qkv\/ k dS f f d kd odYk aomfvnf; tukov\ tusKd;0dygufjzpfaom Oayumudk tvdrStyfaom ted| jzpfaomaMumifh 'ku kd f k d ouf0ifaptyf\? rSwyg;aom ukov0dyguf Oayumudk | jzpfaomaMumifh okc ouf0ifaptyf\? xkYd aMumifh xdk Oayumonf 'kuuoYkd if; Oyed,ypn; jzpfonf[k qd&ef jzpfEiay\/ (#Dum) hJ f k kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-umrkyg'gef[lonfrSm .... wPSm\ NrJNrHonf\tjzpfukd qdtyf\-[k pyfyg/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-wPSmonf tvdenf;jzif;\ qefYusifbuf? Oyg'gefonf a&mif&v,jf cif;\ qefYusifbuf[k k h J G tpOftwdi; [yf ,lyg? qif;&J\ taMumif;&if;[l&mvnf; enf;wlyif/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-'d|Kyg'gef oDvAwyg'gefwYdk ukd tus,favhvmvdvQif igwkYd \ y#dporkyg'fw&m;awmfBuD; 'kw,wGJ k k d ESm 78-ponfrm Munfhyg/ S
rSwfcsuf
1-r yXrH Oyw-[laom ygXfukd jrefrmpum;acsmatmif jyefxm;csuf jzpfonf? ygVdt& twdtus d jyefvQif (Oyg'gef\ aS;OD;pGmjzpfjcif; jzpfonf)[k jzpf\? racsm/
rSwfcsuf
1-#DumESitnD jyeftyfaom teufjzpfonf/ 0d-| 2-55-ponfwYdk jyaom t|uxmESitnD jyefvQif hf fh (umr*kPig;yg; [laom) wG,wmp&m tmkwYdk jzifh arGYavsmfaomaMumif?h 0g? wG,wmwwfaom wPSmwkYd jzifh f f H f arGYavsmaomaMumif-[k jzpf\/ f h 2-]]csrf;om qif;&Jonf uHaMumifh jzpfonf}}[k r,lyJ topftqef;udk jrifawGUjcif; 'd|r*Fvm - ponf avhvmjcif;rsm;onf-[k qdv\/ k kd 3-om 'd|w-[k S&if;ygXftwdi; jyeftyfaom teufjzpfonf/ jynfre,um; omwE-[k D d d k f l d d Sdaom ygXfudk ,l (xdkumrkyg'gef Sdaomol\ xkaumwl[vr*Fvm ponf avhvmrsm;onf\ tjzpfonf xdk d 'd|Kyg'gef jzpf\)[k jyefxm;\/ xkjd yefcsufonf wEd 'd|Kyg'geH - [kaom #DumESihf nDay\/ odYk aomf om-ESihf dS wH vdirwlaomaMumifh pOf;pm;oif\/ f h
224
1-uHonfum; .... b0\ taMumif;jzpfaomaMumihf .... b0rnf\-[k pyfyg/ zvlypm[k qdv\/ k kd wenf;um; Oyywb0\ jzpfaMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh uHonf b0rnf\/ d 2-() t&m {0H-yk'onf? odYk -[k jyefonfjzpfap? twl-[k jyefonfjzpfap teufx; f dS l r&aomaMumifh ,if;yk'f teufucsefxm;onf/ kd
rSwfcsuf
1-xkYd aMumifh .... xdk pum;udk r,ltyf .... jzpfEionf[k ,ltyf\-[k pyfyg/ kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-xdumr*kPwYkd ukd &jcif;tusKd;iSg .... um,'kpkuf ponfwYdk uaomfvnf; jy\-[k pyfyg/ k f d kd 2-xk twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;[l&m 'kpkuaMumifvnf; jzpfaom okpkuaMumifvnf; d f k f d f h d f h jzpfaom xdumrb0 twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;/ um; teuf/ twGi;0ifue\-[laom pum;udk k f k f f k f vnf; onmb0ESihf yOa0gum& b0wkYd onf wpdwtm;jzifh twGi;0ifMuaomaMumifh qkd (tyf) ayonf/ (#Dum) f f
rSwfcsuf
1-xd twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf; [l&m 'kpkuaMumifvnf; jzpfaom okpkuaMumifvnf; k f k f d f h d f h jzpfaom xdumrb0 twGi;0ifueonf omvQifwnf;/ um; teuf/ twGi;0ifue\-[laom pum;udk k f k f f k f vnf; onmb0ESihf yOa0gum& b0wkYd onf wpdwtm;jzifh twGi;0ifMuaomaMumifh qdk (tyf) ayonf/ (#Dum) f f 2-oyab' - tjym;ESihf wuGjzpf - tjym;Sd - [lonfum; ok*wd 'k*wd rEkb0 tpSaom d tjym;Saom/ (#Dum) jrefrmpum; rxyfyJ acsmap&ef tjym;Sonfjh yif-[k jyefxm;onf/ 649-pmyd' a0bef d d k f cGjJ crf;jcif; - ab' - udk jy&m0,f urb0ESihf Oyywb0 tjym;udom jycJaomaMumifh t&m vnf; (urb0 d k h Oyywb0-[laom) tjym;sdonfjh yif-[k jyefvQif t|uxmtvdk us&m\/ aemuftyd'f wkYd vnf; enf;wlyif/ d k
rSwfcsuf
1-t&m 'd|Kyg'gefaMumifh tukovurb0ESihf tyg,fOyywb0 jzpfywYdk ukd rjyjcif;rSm xifm; kd f d kH S odv,aomaMumih[k rSwtyf\/ 'd|Kyg'gefaMumifh urb0ponfjzpfyukd tus,f odvvQif igwdYk \ G f f f kH kd y#dporkyg'f w&mawmfBuD; 'kw,wGJ ESm 218-ponf Munfyg/ d h
rSwfcsuf
1-tw0g'kyg'gefaMumifh urb0ponfjzpfyukd tus,fovvQif igwkYd \ y#dporkyg'fw&m;awmfBuD; kH d kd 'kwwd,wGJ ESm 246-ponf Munfyg/ h 2-oHo&mrS pifMu,faMumif; - edAmefoYkd a&mufaMumif; tusivrf;[k oH;oyfonf\ tpGr;jzifh hf k f jzpfaptyfaom trSwrSd wpHwckaom avmuDovudif; avmuDpsmefuif; oDvAw[lomvQif t&m f k D k kd tvdkSdtyf\? xkYd aMumifh ]]tavhtusifrnfonf}} ponfukd rdeYf qawmfr\/ (#Dum) h dk l 3-oDvAwyg'gefaMumifh urb0ponf jzpfyukd tus,fovvQif igwdYk \ y#dporkyg'f w&m;awmfBuD; k kH d kd 'kw,wGJ ESm 241-ponf Munfyg/ d h
225
rSwfcsuf
1-a[wkypn; tjym;Sueaom - [laom pum; r*ypn;udvnf; qdoif\/ rSeay\? 'd|Kyg'gef f d k f f k k h f ponfwYdkonf wuGjzpfaom urb0\ r*ypn; jzpfue\? xkYd aMumifh xdk 'd|Kyg'gef ponfwYkd onf o[Zmw f k f ponfwkdYwGif a[wkypnf;udk y,f r*ypnf;udk xnfhNyD;vQif 7 -yg; tjym;tm;jzifh aus;Zl;yukeonf[k odtyf f (uke)\/ (#Dum) f
rSwfcsuf
1-pyfonfrvnf; jzpfueaom - rpyfonfrvnf; jzpfueaom pd;&dryaqG;jcif; tpSueaom w&m; l k f l k f k f l d k f wdYk onfvnf; jzpfue\-[k pyfyg/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-Oyed,aum#d,m - Oyed,tpGe;tm;jzifh [lonfum; Oyed, tzkYd tm;jzif?h Oyed, t>ruf f tm;jzif?h um; teuf/ rSeay\? tMuifypn;onf y|mef;ygVd rvm-(odYk aomf ol) SvQif (olY) tusKd;jzpfjcif; f f d aMumifif;? (ol) rSvQif (olY) tusKd;rjzpfjcif;aMumifif;? okweenf;tm;jzifh (,if; ypn;onf) Oyed, h d h f f rnf\? xdypn;udk Oyed,aum#d - Oyed,tpGe; - tzkdY-[k qktyf\/ Oyed, rnfaom k f f d ypn;onf ypn; r[mya'o - t&mus,faom ypn;jzpfygowJ/ (#Dum) f f f h 2-tpSdaom .... uif;aom .... b0pufonf - [k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1- NyD;-[lonfrm Sonf\tjzpfjzifh NyD;onf - xifm;onfukd qdvonf/ xkYd aMumifh tyd'ukd S d S k kd k f jrefrmpum;acsmacsm jyef&vQif ]]pd;&dryaqG;jcif; ponfwYkd Saejcif; xifm;vQif t0dZmSaejcif;vnf; xifm;awmh k f l d S d S onfom}} - [l jzpf\/ 2-teufonf tmo0ork',m-yk'\ bmomjyefjzpfonf? ork',o'gonf jzpfjcif; Sjd cif; teufukd f a[maomaMumifh ,if;udk yXr teufjzifh jyonf? xkYd jyif taMumif;[laom teufuvnf; a[maomaMumifh kd ,if;udk wenf; 'kw,teufjzifh jyonf/ ]]xdtmo0 [laom taMumif;aMumif}h } [laom 'kw, teufonf d k d ay:vGi\? em;vnfv,\? xkYd aMumifh tvm;wljzpfaom aemuftyd'wYdk ork',udk taMumif;[lom jyefom; f G f k f G rnf/
rSwfcsuf
1-0daooeyk'ukd xdow0gtm; [laom yk'Eihf pyfyg/ f k f S 2-y&d,||m,daem - [laom yk'\ teufjzpfonf/ y&d - xuf0ef;usif + O| - x<ujzpfay:vmaom k f 'd|jd zifh + Xm,daem-wnfavhonf = y&d,||m,daem - xuf0ef;usif x<ujzpfay:aom 'd|jd zifh wnfavhaom? dS k dS ]]pdwoEmef x<ujzpfay:onfh 'd|aeaomol}}-[k qdv\/ f d dS k kd
226
rSwfcsuf
1-ig;yg;aom ykAerwwYdk [lonfum; ]]yefqifxm;aom yef;wkYd onf I;uke\? t0wfwYdk onf npfEr; d d f d f G f uke\? vufuwD;Mum;wkYd rS acR;wkYd onf xGuue\? ud, (tdrif;kyf [laom) tqif;ysufjcif;onf f f k f k f k oufa&muf\? ewfonf ewf\ae&m raysmfarGY}} [l a[mawmfrl (tyfue)aom (ewfwYdk tm;) aocgeD; k f xifaom 5-yg;aom ykAerwwYdk wnf;? um; teuf/ rSeay\? xdk edrwwYkdukd jrif uHaMumifh jzpfonfh cEm[k d d f f d f qdtyfaom Oyywb0 b0qE (b0&m*)\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ewfwYkd tm; tm;BuD;aom pd;&dryaqG;jcif;onf k d f k f l jzpfay:\/ (#Dum) 2-Amv - [lonfum; rodrvdrmaom olruwnf;? (olru[aom) xdk yk'jf zifh t0dZm\ taMumif; kd f kd f l tjzpfukd jy\/ (#Dum) t0dZmjzifh rdurawGa0aeaomaMumifh aomu paom qif;&JoYkd a&muf&onf-[k k f J qkvonf/ d dk
rSwfcsuf
1-rjywfjzpfvsuf vnfaom .... xdb0pufonf-[k pyfyg/ k 2-yvdaAma"Ewd emem'kuy&dAsLaV oHom&pm&au eda&ma"Ed - [laom #DumESitnD jyefxm;aom D hf teuf jzpfonf/ yvdaAma"Ed - \ t&m yvda0aXEd - [k Saom oarm[0daem'eD t|uxmt&qkvQif ]]rod d d rvdrmaom yk*Kd vfukd &pfywfue\}}[k jyef&m\/ xkoYkd jyefjcif;onf Oyrm pum;&yf a>r\ acgif;udk k f d qkyuivQif qkyuiaomol\ vufarmif;udk a>r\ud,jf zifh &pfywfjcif; qDavsmaomaMumifh omoifavsmf f kd f f kd f k f h ay\/
rSwfcsuf
1-xdb0pufonf .... ywwfaomolrvnf; uif;\? .... cHpm;wwfaom twrvnf; uif;\-[k pyfyg/ k S S 2-wyg;aom .... ywwfaomolrvnf; uif;\? .... cHpm;wwfaom twrvnf; uif;\-[k pyfyg/ S S 3-pum;jzifh omoemyk*Kd vfwYkd BuHq ,kMH unfxm;aom ZD0tw y&rtw [laom 2-rsKd;wGif y&rtwrS uif;onfukd jy\/ qdvonfrm urmavmuudk pD&if zefqif;onf-[k ,lq ,HMk unftyfaom xdk k kd S yk*Kd vfrmvnf; t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;wkYd aMumifh ocFg& tpSaom tusKd;wdYk \ tqufrjywf jfzpfay:aeaom S d d b0pufrQom Sonf? zefqif;wwfaom twaumif[um; rS-[k qdv\/ d l d k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifh ]]yk*Kd vfwi;onf twwckpD toD;toD; jzpfonf}}[k ,lq,HMk unftyfaom ZD0twrS kd f uif;onfukd jy\/ 2-oabmSonf\ tjzpfaMumif-[laom aS;usrf;*efo; pum;onf oabm Sjd cif;aMumifh oabm d h kH SaomaMumifh - [laom ,ckacwfo; pum;wkYd Eihf wlnaom teuft"dyg,f S\/ d kH S D d 3-cdiNf rJjcif;rS qdwoO;onf cdiNf rJjcif;rS-[k qdv\/ k f k f k d k kd 4-udavomwkYd u ,if;wdYk Eihf ,SOaom w&m;wkYd ukd npfEr;apwwf\? t0dZmonfvnf; tjcm;udavom S f G f wkYd Eihf ,SOvsuf jzpf\/ odYk jzpf ,SObuf udavomwkYd u vl;vJ aya& npfEr;apojzifh xdoYkd npfEr;apjcif;udk S f f G f k G f cH&aomaMumifh npfEr;onf? xkYd aMumih-[k qdv\/ G f f k kd
227
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;jzifh ukovuukd yaomoltm; ok*wdb0tusKd; tvdjdS cif; awmifwjcif;udk jy\? kd f H k h tukovf uHukd yaomoltm;rl ]]rsufarSmuftusKd; awmifwjcif;onf wPSmrnf\}} [k ,l&m\/ kd h
rSwfcsuf
1-teufonf opyb0awm - [laom yk'\ teufjzpfonf/ opyb0 - opawm-[k qdvvsuf f k kd *gxm jzpfaomaMumifh op-wyd'f aMuaeonf-[k ,l&m\/ xdoYkd ,lrS aemuf zGivwHaom tus,fpum; k k hf h ESitus udunrnf/ hf H k f D
rSwfcsuf
1-omrntm;jzifh - [lonfum; apwem[lif; apwemESi,Oaom w&m;wkYd [lif; txl;ryrl hf S f (rcGjJ cm;rl) tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom xkuovf tukovuukd ork',opm-[k a[mawmfrl (tyf)\/ um; k k d k kd kd f H teuf/ rSeay\? wPSmonfif;? wPSmrS <uif;aom udavomwkYd onfif;? ,if;wkYd rS <uif;aom tukovf f kd w&m;wdYk onfif;? avmuDuovrvwkYd onfif;? ukovrvwdYk rS <uif;aom avmuD ukovf w&m;wkYd onfif; k kd f l kd f l kd (Sdukef\? w&m;taygif;udk 'kuork', - [k qdtyf\/) - [l apwemESihf apwem or,ww&m; [laom k k f txl;udk ryrl (0dbif;ygVdawmf) a[mawmfrl (tyf) ay\/ wenf;um; t&d,opm [laomtxl;udk ryrl ork',op[ a[mawmfrl (tyf)\? um; teuf/ (#Dum) l
rSwfcsuf
1-0do'r*fpmud, t&mwGif ocFg&myd - Soifvsuf tyd - rSyJ vkae\? ocFg&myd-[k SdygrS k d k f d h d d aemuf qdvwHaom 0dnmPrd - ponfEihf nDonf/ xkYd aMumifh ocFg&myd-udk Snf ocFg&wdkYonfvnf;k h S [k jyefonf/ xdy' tyd-\ teufjzpfaom vnf;-[laom pum;jzifh qdcNhJ yD;aom t0dZmESihf aygif; jyonf? k k f k ygVda0g[m&tm;jzifh if;udk or@e-[k ac:onf/ d 2-ocFwO-yk'\ teufjzpfonf/ b0udvnf; - [l&m p-\ teufjzpfaom vnf;-[laom pum;jzifh f k qdvwHaom 'kw,udpukd qnf;onf? ygVda0g[m&tm;jzifh if;udk orkpn;-[k ac:onf/ aemufvnf; k h d f tenf;twlyif/ 3- vufonf;uGi; twGi;Sd pum;onf ygwkbm0,-[laom vduy'\ teufjzpfonf? f f k f k f aemuftyd'wYdk rl pum;udk vufonf;uGi;rygyJ jyqkom;rnf/ k f f d G
rSwfcsuf
1-pum;onf taEm 0d,-[laom ygXf\ bmomjyefjzpfonf/ xkygXf '|Am - [laom yk'ukd xnf d f h ]]t0dZmudk oluef;uJoYkd rSwtyf\}}-[lvnf; jyefqMdk u\/ odYk aomf '|Am yk'urxnfyJ ]]t0dZmonf oluef;ESihf h f f kd h wl\}} [laom teufonfvnf; t"dyg,ftm;jzifh wlnonfjh yif pum;usOf; em;vnfv,jf cif; tusKd;vnf; D G Sd\/ xkYd aMumifh usrf;&if; rSaomygXfukd raqmifawmhyJ S&if;twdi;udom twdtus jyefxm;onf/ aemuf d d k f k vnf; enf;wlyif/
rSwfcsuf
1-tmkH yjcif;aMumif-[laom teufonf ]]y&duyeawmwd tm&rPu&Pawm}} - [laom #DumyXr h tzGiEitnD jyefaomteuf jzpfonf/ ]]or,awe 0dwaueawm}}-[laom #Dum 'kw, tzGitvdtm;jzifh hf S hf k d hf k ]],SObuf 0dwufjzifh BuHjcif;aMumif}h } - [lvnf; jyefqEi\/ f kd kd f
228
2-teufonf t&Pdo[dwmbdrEeawm - [laom yk'\ jrefrmjyef jzpfonf/ xkwif t&Pdo[dw f d G yk'ukd okwr[m0gt|uxm ESm 400- t&PDo[dwEd t&PD,*VH-[k zGionfEitnD ,if;yk'ukd ]]yGwckH f f l hf S hf f f yGwfwHtpHk}} - [k jyefqonf/ kd
rSwfcsuf
1-waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vm\-[laom teufonf ork'g*pwd - yk'\teuf jzpfonf/ oH-o[f wuG waygif;wnf; + O -txufoYkd + tm*pmwd-vm\ = ork'g*pw-waygif;wnf; txufoYkd vm\/ -O'H d txufoYkd vm\-[lonfrm wufvm\-[laompum;ESihf nDrQ\/ wufvm\ - [lonfrmvnf; kyemrf S S f w&m;wkYd \ rSao;onfh tcduf twefYrS SonftcdutwefYoYkd wufvmjcif;yif jzpfonf? xkoYdk wufvmjcif; d k d h k f d udyif jzpfay:vmonf[k qk&onf/ xkYd aMumifh ork'g*pw-yk'ukd waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vm\-[k k d d f jyefxm;jcif; jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-teuf 2-ckonf Zmwdyp,orLwork'g*wa|m - [laom yk'\ teufjzpfonf/ Zmwdyp, f orLw - Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpf + ork'g*wa|m, - waygif;wnf; jzpfay:vmjcif; oabm = Zmwd yp,orLwork'g*wa|m - Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpf waygif;wnf; jzpfay:jcif; oabm? um; yXrteuf qdi&m ygVdEihf ,SO od&efjzpfonf/ 'kw,aemuf teuf od&efrm Zmwdyp,orLwa|m k f S f d S Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumifh jzpfjcif;oabmESihf ork'g*wa|m-(Zmwd [laom taMumif;aMumif) waygif;wnf; h jzpfay:vmjcif; oabm[k odYk ,SO odtyf\/ f 2-xdtjcif;t&mESihf tcdutwefYukd odEicaomaMumif-[k qdv\/ k k f kd f J h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ow0gonf aovQif jywfpom;onf? bmrQ rSawmh[k ,lqjcif;onf Oap''d|d rnf\? {uwenf;udk J G d rSepmodaom yk*Kd vfrm t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;SaevQif aoonf\ tjcm;rJ 0dnmPf paom tusKd; f G S d d h w&m;rsm; jzpfom;onf? jywfpjJ cif; rS[k rSepmodjcif;aMumifh ,if;Oap''d|d uif;\/ xdoYkd uif;onfuyif G d f G k kd y,f\[k qkonf/ d 2-b0a[mif;u ow0gonfyif b0opf ajymif;aTY jzpfonf[k ,lqjcif;onf ow'd|d rnf\? {uwenf;udk rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaomolrm taMumif;tusK; qufpyfvsuf rjywfjzpfaeaom kyemrf tpOfukd yifvQif f S d f wa,mufwnf;[k xifjrif,qaomaMumifh ,if; ow'd|d jzpf\/ xkoYkd jzpfonfuyif pG,\[k l d kd J l qdkonf/ 3-vuPmudk ydi;jcm;jcif; [lonfum; oabmw&m;udk ydi;jcm;jcif;wnf;? taMumif;\if; tusKd;\if; k f k f uGjJ ym;aom oabmSonf\ tjzpfukd odjcif;wnf; - [laom #Dum tzGiEitnD jyefqaom teuf jzpfonf? d hf S hf kd xktvdtm;jzifh ydi;jcm; odaomPfukd emewenf;[k qd&ayvdrrnf/ odYk aomf {uwenf;t&m ]]oEmem d k k f k hf Ekyap' - kyemrftpOfoEmef\ rjywfpjJ cif;onf {uwenf; rnf\}}[k qdkcJh\? rjywfpJ jcif;udk odaomPfukd f {uwenf;[k rqkc/ xkYd aMumifh xd{uwenf; uJoYkd yif t&mvnf; 00wmeyk'ukd toD;toD; wnfjcif; d hJ k h f uGjJ ym;jcif;[k teufjyefNyD;vQif ]]t0dZm ponfwYdk \ rdrd rdrEihf qdiaom oabmvuPm\ toD;toD; d S k f uGjJ ym;jcif;onf emewwnf; rnf\}} [k jyefqvQif om oifavsmf&m\/ kd h
229
rSwfcsuf
1-emewenf;udk rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaomolonf ow0gwOD;\ oEmefEihf tjcm;wOD;\ oEmefukd f S uGjJ ym;onf [k ,louJoYkd aS;b0u jzpfcaom t0dZmtpSaom taMumif;w&m;ESihf aemufb0 jzpfaom h hJ d 0dnmPf tpSaom tusKd;w&m;onf wOD;wnf;\ oEmefyif jzpfjim;aomfvnf; wa,mufpD wjcm;pD[k d ,lqonf? xkYd aMumifh ]]t0dZm tpSaom taMumif;w&m; jzpfc&m aS;b0u kyemrftpOf oEmef rSawmhNyD? d hJ f d aS;b0u ow0g jywfpom;NyD? aemufb0 ow0gtopf jzpfay:vmonf}}[k ,lqonf? xkoYkd ,vQif aowdi; J G d l k f aowki; jywfpom;onf[k ,lqaomaMumifh Oap''d|d jzpf\/ d f J G
rSwfcsuf
1-obm0ed,mr [lonfrm "re,mryif jzpfonf? y#dporkyg'f t&m t0dZm tpSaom taMumif; S d d aMumifh ocFg& tpSaom tusKd;w&m;wkYd \ ude;ao rkcsjzpfjcif;udyif obm0ed,mr [k qdonf/ d f k k 2-ukovf tukovuukd y rjzpf? yaomfvnf; ukovf tukovf rjzpf[k ,lqjcif;onf tud&,'d|d kd kd f H kd kd d rnf\/ tAsmyg&enf;udk rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaomolrm wpHwckjzpfay:atmif aMumifMh uywwfaom w&m;rS[k f S k d ,ljcif;aMumifh tud&,'d|d jzpfonf/ d 3-{0H"rwmenf;udk rSepmjrifaomolonf t0dZmocFg& tpSaom taMumif;aMumifh xktaMumif;ESihf f G d d avsmfaom ocFg& 0dnmPftpSaom tusKd; jzpfonf? ukovuaMumifh aumif;usKd;csrf;om jzpfonf? tukovf d kd f H kd uHaMumifh raumif;usK; qif;&J jzpfonf - odYk ponfjzifh rSepmodjrif oabmusvsuf\/ xkYd aMumifh xdoYkd d f G dS k rSepmodjriform ]]ow0gwdYk tm; npfEr;qif;&J&ef tukovuH taMumif;rS?d pifMu,f csrf;om&ef ukovuH f G l S G f kd f kd f taMumif;rS?d qif;&Jjcif; csrf;omjcif;onf taMumif;rJh rawmfwq olYtvkvyif jzpfonf}}[k ,laom ta[wku d kd 'd|d uif;ayonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-trSwrSd wpHwckaom taMumif;aMumifh - ponf qdvonfrm - wyg;aom taMumif;aMumifh f k k kd S wyg;aom tusKd;\ jzpfjcif;onf tu,f Sjd im;tH?h oJrS (oJaMumif) qD\ jzpfjcif;S&m\? BuHrS EdYk &nf\jzpfjcif; h d Sd&m\? tb,haMumifh xkoYkd rjzpfyJ S&mthenf;? (pifppfaomfum; xkoYdk jzpfjcif;rSay?) xkaMumifh wpHwck\ f d d H d d d k taMumif;jzpfaom wpHwck rnfonf rS[ ,laom ta[wku'd|uif;? taMumif; rSjd im;aomfvnf; ude;ao k d l d kd f owfrwjf cif; - ude;aoNrJjcif; Sonf\tjzpfaMumifh ESr;aph EGm;rESihf okuaoG; ponfwYdkrS EdYk &nfEihf ud,f S f d f f S k ponfwYdkonf jzpfMu\-[k ,laom ed,wd0g'udif; (rSm;,Gi;pGm jrifaom olonf) pG,\/ (#Dum) k f J l ta[wku'd|Eihf ed,wd0g'wkYd onf Ak' vufxufawmfu ruva*gomv\ t,l0g' jzpfonf/ okwovuef d S d f D ygVd ESm 50-rSm Sonf/ xkwif ta[wku'd|ukd aS;rSwcsuf jycJNh yD/ ed,wd0g' [lonfrm ]]ow0g d d G d f S toD;toD;rSm csrf;om&efif; qif;&J&efif; t,kwtjrwf b0trsKd;rsKd; jzpf&efif; b0aygif; urmaygif;rnf f rnfrQMumatmif usifvnf&efif; vGwajrmuf&efif; rkcsude;aoowfrwcsuf uefYowfcsuf\? xdrcsue;ao f f S f dS k k d f owfrwcsuf uefYowfcsuf Sonftwdi;omvQif ow0gwkYd onf csrf;omMu&onf? qif;&JMu&onf? b0 S f d h k f trsKd;rsKd; jzpfvsuf usifvnf aeMu&onf? qif;&Jrvwcsdewefaom tcg xkrcsude;ao owfrwcsuf S G f f d k f S f uefYowfcsuf t&jzifomvQif oHo&mrS vGwajrmufMu&onf/ ynmSyifjzpfaomfvnf; csr;omatmif oHo&m h f d f wdatmif ryusiEi?f olrurmvnf; rdurpmyrIaMumifh oHo&mSnjf cif; qif;&Jjcif; rjzpfEi?f ude;ao k hf kd kd f S k f J G kd f uefYowfcsuf t&jzifomvQif tcsdewefaomtcg oHo&mrS vGwajrmufMu&onf}} [k ,lqajymqdaom 0g'yif h f f k jzpfonf/
230
rSwfcsuf
1-,cktcg .... PftavhtusufudkyNyD;vQif .... od (em;vnf jynfhpHkap) tyfukef\-[k pyfyg/ 2-yk'fjzifh ]]Pf\ tavhtusufukd yjcif;[lonfrm oif,jl cif;? ar;jref;jcif;yif}}[k odap\/ xkdwGif S ar;jref;jcif; [l&m ar;krQjzifum; Pf\tavhtusuf rjzpfEiao;? xdar;tyfaom teufukd ajzSi; jyaom H h kd f k f tcg emMum;jcif; qifjcifjcif; paom ESv;oGi;jcif;jzifomvQif Pf\tavhtusuf jzpfEionf/ xkoYkd aom kH f h kd f d ESv;oGi; avhvmjcif;ud&nf ]]ar;jref;jcif;}}[k qkayonf/ kH f k d 3-orm"dea'o - [l&m 3-ur|me*[Peda'orS p 13-tbdnmeda'o txd 11-yg;aom eda'o d wdYk ukd ,ltyf\/ 4-xdk (odYk ormywfwYkdukd tus,jf ycJNh yD;aom)aMumifh xd(ormywf) wkYd ukd xd(ormywfea'o) k k d [l vnf; jyefqMkd u\/ xkoYkd jyefq&m oDvudk jynfpap&ef TeMf um;csuf rygyJ vdaeaomaMumifif; d kd h kH k h 0do'r*fpum; 0gustpOftm;jzifh oDvvnf; yg0ifEionfjh yif yg0ifvnf; yg0ifoifaomaMumifif; xdjk yefqcsuf k d kd f h h kd udk qifjcifoif\/ h
rSwfcsuf
1-#Dum edAwe0aoe a0'dwAm-[k zGijhf y\? xdtvdtm;jzifh ]]jzpfaponf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh k k f odtyfue\}}[k jyef&m\/ odYk aomf if;#Dumyif ]]a0'dwAm orma'wAmwd 0kwH a[mwd-odtyfue\ k f k f jynfpaptyfue\ [k qdvonf}} [l xyfri;jyjyef\/ xkwif odtyfue\-[laom teufonf a0'dwAm h kH k f k kd H S f d G k f yk'\ o'geufaywnf;? jynfpap tyfue\-[laom teufonfum; t&m qdvtyfaom teuf aywnf;/ f h kH k f k kd xdteufEpyg;vH; jynfpap&ef od(em;vnf jynfpap) tyfue\-[k jyefonf/ if;jyefcsufonf wwd, k S f k h kH h kH k f yg&mZdu odumyk'0,f ow[m&uH 0g y&da,ao,s - [laom ygXf y&da,ao,s - SmrSD; teD; f xm;jim;tH-[k aS;q&mwkYd jyefqcsufEivnf; ES;aESm rd\/ xdwivnf; SmrS;jim;tHh - [laom teufonf h kd S hf D k G f D y&da,ao,sy'\ o'geuf jzpfonf? teD;xm;jim;thH - [laom teufonfum; xdk odumyk' qdvtyfaom k f f k kd teufjzpfonf? xkYd aMumifh xdteuf 2-ck vHk;yg0ifatmif ]]Sm;rSD; teD; xm;jim;tHh}} [l aS;q&mwkdYu k jyefqawmfrMl uayonf/ vnf; xdenf;twlyif jyefxm;onf[k rSw,ygav/ kd k f l
rSwfcsuf
1-ae0onmemonmpsmefonf tvGeorarGYaomaMumifh f d f rIEiue?f xkYd aMumifh if;udk >cif;csexm;&ef jyqdayonf/ kd f k f k if;psmefukd om0uwkYd onf tm;xkwp f
2-psme*F - psmeif - psmef\t*Fg tpdwtydi;w&m;[k qdv\/ f k f k kd 3-ponf-[laom pum;jzifh ypKy|mefEihf y'|mefukd ,ltyf\/ Iy rdroEmefrm avmavmq,f S kH d S jzpfay:oGm;aom psmefpwK yg'fw&m; wkYd ukd I&aMumif; xdoYkd I&mvnf; xdw&m;wkYd ukd vuPm ponfjzifh d k k I&aMumif;udk jyxm;aomaMumifh emrfuvQif enf;twdi;yif rdroEmefrm avmavmq,f jzpfay:aom kd I k f d S pdwapwoduwYdk ukd I&rnf? kyuvQifvnf; 'Gg& 6-yg; avmavmq,f xifay:aom kyukd I&rnf? xdoYkd f f f kd I f k IaomtcgrSmvnf; xdemrfywYdk ukd trnftm;jzifif; yHoPmeftm;jzifif; ta&twGutm;jzifif; I&rnf k k f h k h f h r[kw?f vuPmponfjzifomvQif I&rnf? xdoYkd ygrS 0do'r*fEihf nDrnfukd txl;owdy tyf\/ h k I k d S 4-tvH;pHuvnf; - [laom yk'onf oArd - [laom bmomjyef jzpfonf/ w&m; tvH;pHuvnf; k k kd f k k kd ydi;jcm;tyf\? w&m; wpdwf wa'oudvnf; ydi;jcm;tyf\-[k qdv\? aemufvnf; yk'rsKd; awGYvQif k f k k f k kd f enf;yif rSwfyg/ 5-xdkrSaemuf .... xdkemrfudk uyfIvsuf .... Smvwfaomf .... ESvHk;kyfudk awGYjrif\-[k pyfyg/
231
rSwfcsuf
1-Oypm&orm"d tyemorm"dwYkd ukd ryGg;apbJ tprSp 0dyemudom yGg;apaom yk*Kd vfonf 0dyem k oufouf[aom r*f-zdv-edAmefoYkd a&mufaMumif; ,mOfaomaMumifh ok'0yem,medu rnf\/ ok'l k f dS d oufoufaom + 0dyem,me - 0dyem,mOf + u - Saomol = ok'0yem,medu - oufouf d d 0dyem,mOfrQ Saomol/ orx tajccHrygyJ 0dyemoufoufol - [k qkv\/ d I d dk 2-xdkxdk .... enf;t>rufwkdYwGif-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-rSeuefaom rdr\ oabmvuPmtm;jzifh - [laom teufonf r[m#Dum 'kw, 257- f d d zGijhf ycJaom tzGiEitnD wdwusus jyefqtyfaom teuf jzpfonf/ ,if;#DumtzGiukd (pmtkywi) ESm 47 h hf S hf d kd hf f G f rSwcsuf 1- xkwjf ycJNh yD? jyefMunfyg/ f h 2-xifay:ukefvwfaomf .... 44-yg;aom kywYkd onf xifm;uke\-ponfjzifh pyfyg/ f S f 3-uHaMumifjh zpfaom qHyif [lonfrm OD;acgif;tom;xJ wnfaom tjrpft&if;ydi; qHyifjzpfonf/ S dS k f 4-yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m-um; "mwfav;yg; jzpfonf/ 0P - tqif;ky?f *E - teHYkyf? &ot&omky?f MoZm-tqDtESpf - tm[m&-"mwfy?f ZD0w-toufy?f um,yom'-tawGYtxd xifavmufatmif k d k Munfaom ud,tMunfy/ k f k f 5-rde;r\ oEmef wbm0kyf Sonf? a,musfm;\ oEmef ykrm0kyf Sonf/ f d d d 6-yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m 0P *E &o MoZm - [laom kyf Spfyg;taygif;udk MoZ|mru - [k ac:onf? t|uuvmyf t|uvmyf [lvnf; ac:onf/ if;kyf Spyg;onf waygif;wnf;om jzpfavhd\? f S toD;tjcm;cG r&Edi?f xkYd aMumifh if;wkYd ukd t0deaAm*kyf [lvnf; ac:onf/ J k d
rSwfcsuf
1-44-yg;aom kywYkd xifm; uke\-[l&m xdkkyf 44-yg;vH; wydieuf xifay:Muonfuvnf; f S f k f kd qdvonf r[kw?f wckNyD;wck tpOftwdi; xifay:Muonfuvnf; qdvonf r[kw?f xdk 44-yg;wkYd ukd qifjcif k kd k f kd k kd I&efvnf; Tejf yonf r[kw?f trSetm;jzifaomfum; qHyif yx0D"mwfazm|Ayukd Ir xdk yx0D"mwfwck f h k f d xifm;vQif if;ESiwuG qHyifx Saom kyaygif; 44-yg;vH; xifm;onfom rnfav awmhonf? xdk 44-yg; S hf J d f k S vH;udk Ijcif;udp NyD;avawmhonf-[k odYk om odapvdayonf/ udpN yD;yHum; .... yx0D"mwf wckukd rSepm k k k f G odvQif waygif;wnf;jzpfaom xdkkyf 44-yg;vH;wkYd vnf; yk*Kd vfow0g-[k pGvrf;rnfh udavom jzpfcirSNd yD? k J G hf odYk udavom jzpfci;rSyJ Nidr;aomaMumifh Ijrifjcif;udp NyD;ayonf/ xkYd aMumifyif ]]"mwfwYdk onf xifay: G f d f h ukefvwfaomf .... 44-yg;aom kywYdk onf xifm;uke\}} - [k rdeYf qayonf/ xifm;yHukd jyaom aemufaemuf f S f dk S k pmyd'wYdk vnf; enf;wlyif odtyf\/ k f 2-aum|mo 24-yg; [lonfrm 32-yg;aom aum|mowkYd rS acR; rsuf&nf wHaxG; ESyf tpmopf tpm S a[mif; jynf usii,f - [laom aum|mo Spyg;udk EIw <uif;aom aum|mo 24-yg;udk qkdonf/ f f f
232
rSwfcsuf
1-aum|mo 24-yg; (24_5) uvmyfaygif; 120? (24_44) kyaygif; 1056/ f 'GZ aum|mo 4-yg; (4_2) uvmyfaygif; 8? (4_16) kyfaygif; 64/ d OwkZaum|mo 4-yg; uvmyfaygif; 4? (4_8) kyfaygif; 32/ 32-yg;aom aum|mowkdY uvmyfaygif; 132? kyfaygif; 1152/ 2-aum|mo Spyg;[lonfrm oEye - tzsm;Sef tylaiGY? Zd&P-&ifa&mf apaom yuwdtylaiGY? y&d'g[ f S d h -tvGejf yif;xefaom tylaiGY [laom awaZm aum|mooH;yg;ESihf O'*r-qefwwfaomav? ta"m*r- pkeqif; k F f aomav? ukpo,-0rf;Aduwi;av? aum|mo,-tltwGi;av? t*Fgr*FgEkom&D-t*FgBuD;i,foYkd avQmufaom d k f G f f av [laom 0ga,m aum|mo 5-yg;wkYd yifwnf;/ 3-ygpu awaZm ZD0we0uuvmyf 1-ck? kyfaygif; 9-ck/ xGuouf 0ifouf o'e0uuvmyf 1-ck? d f kyfaygif; 9-ck/ usefaum|mo Spyg; (8_4) uvmyf 32-ck? (8_33) kyf 264/ aum|mo 10-yg; uvmyf f 34-ck? kyfaygif; 282-ck/
rSwfcsuf
1-puKpaom 0wK'Gg& 5-yg;wkYd onf xifm;ojzifh puK'oupaom uvmyf 5-ck? kyaygif; 50^ S f xifm;onf? [',0wKkyf xifm;ojzifh [', 0wK'ou uvmyf 1? kyaygif; 10^xifm;onf-[k qdv\/ S S f S k kd 2-'Gg& 6-yg; uvmyf 6-ck? kyaygif; 60-&onf/ f 3-32-aum|mo uvmyfaygif; 10-aum|mo uvmyfaygif; 6-'Gg& uvmyfaygif; wud,v; pkpaygif; uvmyf k f kH k 132? kyfaygif; 1152/ 34? kyfaygif; 282/ 6? kyaygif; 60/ f 172? kyfaygif; 1494-ck &onf/
r[m#Dum yXrwGJ pmrsuEm 466-ESihf opoacyusrf;wkdYum; 'Gg& 6-yg;rS uvmyf 6-ck kyaygif; 60f S H f t&mwGif um,'ouudk y,f uvmyf 5-ck kyaygif; 50-om a&wGuonf? xGuouf0ifouf vnf; f f f o'kyfudk y,f t|uvmyf kyfaygif; 8-ckom a&wGuonf/ xkYd aMumifh txufyg ta&twGurS uvmyf 1-ck f f ESifh kyf 11-ck avsmhom;onf/ odYk aomfvnf; OwkZ pdwZ o'e0uuvmyf 2-ck? kyfaygif; 18-ck xyf xnfjh yef G aomaMumifh xdusrf;wdYk tvdtm;jzifh uvmyfaygif; 173-ck? kyfaygif; 1501-ck jzpfavonf/ k k
rSwfcsuf
1-jrifqcP puK'Gg&udk taMumif;y xd'g& jzpfaom tm0Ze;tp w'gktqH;Saom puK'Gg&du J k G f H k d pdwf apwoduf taygif;udk xifm;Muonf? xdYk twl Mum;qJ ponfvnf; aomw'Gg& ponfukd taMumif;y S xd'g&wkYd jzpfaom aomw'Gg&du paom pdwapwoduf taygif;wdYk xifm;Muonf[k qdv\/ k G f S k kd 2-Ivnf; rIEdkif? Ivnf; rItyf - rIaumif; [k qdv\/ k kd 3-4-&[ef;onf .... qifjcifNyD;vQif .... r,lrl .... puK"mwf [l ydkif;jcm;\-[k pyfyg/ 5-avmu (vltaygif;)onf .... todtrSwfy\-[k pyfyg/
233
rSwfcsuf
1-o-wuG jzpfonf + orm& - taqmuftOD + puK - rsupd = oorm& - puK - kyftaygif; 54f yg; [laom taqmuftODEihf wuGjzpfaom yuwd tom;qdirsufp/ S k f d 2-wnfaom .... urZkyf 20 .... tEkyg'dEkyf 24-yg;-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-&[ef;onf odYk ydi;jcm;\-[k pyfyg/ k f 2-um,0dnwd - um,0dnwf - rdrtvdukd olwyg;tm; odapum ud,trlt&m txl;/ 0pD0nwd d k k f d 0pD0nwf-rdrtvdukd olwyg;tm; odapaom EIwtrlt&m txl;/ tmumo"mwf-kyuvmyfwYdk \ ywf0ef;usirS d d k f f f tydkif;tjcm;/ ly v[kwm-edyEkyftaygif;\ ayghyg;jcif;? ly rk'wm-edyEkyf taygif;\ El;nhjH cif;? ly k urnwm-edyEkyf taygif;\ auG;jcif; qefYjcif; vIym;jcif; paom trIukd y&ef pGr;Edijf cif;? v[kwm rk'wm f S f k k urnwmkywYdk onf auG;jcif; qefYjcif; vIym;jcif; ajymqdjk cif; ponfwYdk ukd tvdwi; vG,upm yEdiaom f f S k dS dk f f l G k f tcgwkdY txl;xifSm;ukef\/ Oyp,-edyEywYkd \ aS;OD;pGm jzpfay:jcif;? oEw-edyEywYdk \ tpOfrjywf k f d k f qufum qufum jzpfay:jcif;? if;Oypm, oEwwYdk rm edyEywYkd \ Oyg'fcPyif jzpfonf/ Z&wm-edyEyf d S k f k wkYd \ &ifa&mftrif;jcif; - edyEywYkd \ XDcPyif jzpfonf/ tedpwm - edyEywYdk \ rNrJjcif; - ysup;jcif; h kd k f k f f D edyEywYdk \ bifcPyif jzpfonf/ k f 3-kyftppfwkdY\ tjcif;t&m[lonfrm um,0dnwf 0pD0nwf Oyp, oEwd Z&wm tedpwmwkYd yif S d jzpfonf/ 4-kyftppfwkdY\ xl;jcm;aom trlt&m[lonfrm v[kwm rk'wm urnwmwkYd yif jzpfonf/ S k
rSwfcsuf
1-kyftppfwkdY\ tMum;jzpfaom ydi;jcm;aMumif; [lonfrm tmumo "mwfyifjzpfonf/ k f S 2- kyftvHk;pHkwkdYonfvnf; lyuEmwnf;? kyrsm;xJrS wck ESpck ponf wpdwwa'onfvnf; f f f lyuEmwnf; - [laom teufukd ]]vnf;}} - [laom o'gjzifh jyonf/ 3-avmukw&mpdwf apwoduwYkd rm 0dyem rItyfaomaMumifh ]]avmuDpwwYkd EiwuG jzpfaom}}-[k f S d f S hf qdkonf/ 4-]]if; (a0'em)ESihf ,SOfaom}} - [laom 0daooeyk'ukd t&m rqdvQif 0dnmPft&m ]]81 - yg; f k aom avmuDpw[k qdtyfaom 0dnmPfonf}}-[k txl;xkwazmf qk&ayvdrrnf/ xkoYkd rqd&yJ onm ocFg& d f k f d hf d k 0dnmPfwYkd ukd wef;wly jyvkaomaMumifh t&m yk'ukd qdonf/ d f k
rSwfcsuf
1-tm;xkwcgp yk*Kd vftm; aumif;pGm rxifay:ao;aom kywYkd onf rpifMu,fonf rnfue\/ kyftrsKd; f f k f wl tcsif;csif;if; trsKd;uGywYkd Eiif; wpyfwnf; wqufwnf;jzpfvsuf a&m,SuaeaomaMumifh IyaxG;aeonf J k f S hf f f rnfue\/ Pf&ifaomtcg aumif;pGm Si;Si;vif;vif; xifay:vmaom kywYkd onf oefYi; pifMu,fonf k f h f f f S f rnfue\/ tcsif;csif;if; trsKd;uGywYdk Eiif; ra&m,SuaomaMumifh tIytaxG; uif;onf rnfue\/ k f J k f S hf f f k f wifpm; qkaompum;aywnf;/ trSetm;jzifrum; todPf\ oefYi;pifMu,fjcif; tIytaxG;rSjd cif;om d f h l S f f wnf;/
234
rSwfcsuf
1-wdv-ESrf; + yd| - rkeYf nuf - wdvyd| - ESr; rkeYf nuf/ xdy'ukd #Dum ]]wdvyd|Ed wdvpkPH - ESr; f k k f f rkeYf nuf [lonfum; ESr;rIeYf aywnf;}}[k zGiO;rnf/ xkYd aMumifh yk'&if;\ teuftwdi; ESr;rkeYf nuf [lom f hf D f k f f jyefq (ESr;rIeYf ) [laom #Dumteufuvnf; odEi&ef vufonf;uGi;ESihf jyxm;onf/ qDywaom olonf dk f kd kd f f G f qDqxoYkd ESr;vH;wkYd uom xnf&onf? ESr;rkeYf nuf - ESr;rIeYf wYdkukd xnf&onfum r[kway? odYk aomf Budwacs kH J f k kd h f f h f f vduaomtcg rkeYf nuf - trIeYf jzpfvwHjh zpfaomaMumifh xdoYkdqonf[k rSw&m\/ k f k kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-OpK - apm& - a*gP - '"d - rpm'D[d - [laom ygVdy'&if;twdi; twdtus jyefvQif BuH cd;ol k f k f k EGm; - EdYk "rf; - ig; tpSdukefaom - [l jzpfue\? xdk twdi;qdvQif em;vnf&ef cufonf? xkYd aMumifh k f k f k tawmftwef em;vnfEiap&ef vufonf;uGi;ydrsm;jzifh teufrsm;udvnf; xnf jyefqxm;onf/ kd f f k k h dk 2-z\ tpGr; - z tvdtm;jzifh xifonf-[k qkonfrm zxifay:vQif if;ESihf waygif;wnf; f k d S jzpfaom emrfcEmw&m; tvH;pHyifxifonf rnf\? xktvH;pHukd Ijcif;udp NyD;\[k qdvonf/ a0'em k k d k k k kd 0dnmPfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh xifonf-[l&m wdYk vnf; enf;wlyifwnf;/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-]]tpSdaom}} - [laom pum;jzifh ]]tmayg"mwfonf ,dp;jcif;vuPm S\? awaZm"mwfonf yljcif; k D d vuPm Sd\? 0ga,m"mwfonf axmufuefjcif; vuPmS\}} - [laom t<uif;"mwfoHk;yg; Ienf; 3-yg;udk d Tejf yonf/ 2-odYk aom enf;jzifh wyg;aom emrfcEmtaygif;vnf; xifonfomrnf\[k qdvonf/ odYk aomf k kd xdwyg;aom emrfcEmwkYd ukd qifjcifI&ef Tejf yonfum; r[kw?f xkYd aMumifyif ]]reodua&mwd - ESv;oGi;\? k h kH f Oyy&duwd - Iqifjcif\}}[k odYk ponfjzifh rqkr ]]Oy|mwd - xifay:\}} [lom qkdayonf/ d l 3- ay,smvt&m 42-yg;aom aum|mowkYd wif avmrm arG;ni; tpSaom <uif;aom aum|mo G f d 40-udk jrKyfxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-Oyg, - Oyg,f - wpHwckaomudp tusKd;pD;yGg; NyD;pD;aMumif; jzpfajrmufaMumif; enf;vrf;/ um; k zponfukd y"meyojzifh <uif;aom emrfw&m;wkYd ukd odr;qnf;rINyD;aMumif; enf;udk qkonf/ f d
rSwfcsuf
1-puK"mwfukd y"mey odr;qnf;jcif;jzifh if;ESiwuG jzpfaom kyaygif; 53-yg;wkYd ukd odr;qnf;NyD; f hf f f jzpf\/ xkYd aMumifh puK"mwfonf kyaygif; 53-yg;udk odr;qnf;&mwGif y"mejzpf kywYkd ukd odr;qnf;aMumif; f f f f rkc rnf\/ aomw"mwf ponfwYdk vnf; enf;wlyif odyg/ 2-tu,f .... tm;xkwfjim;tHh-[k pyfyg/ 3-aSYajc rNrJao;rD aemufajcudk <urd awmifrS avQmusum ao&aom EGm;ronf ra&mufb;ao;aom l t&yfoYkdvnf; ra&muf&? rdr\ rlvae&ma[mif;odYk vnf; jyef ra&mufEi?f ESpzufv;rS vufvwf qH;I;oGm; d kd f kH G k H ouJoYkd jzpfwwfonf-[k qdv\/ h k kd
235
rSwfcsuf
1-uwf tpf [laom trnfrsm;onf ork*y'rS bmomjyefjzpfonf? tzH;ESitr tHusvsuf aphaeaom k f k hf uwfjzpfap tpfjzpfap wckwnf;[k xif&\? if;udk xm;OD;jzifuvyf zGivuaomtcg tzH;ESitr wjcm;pD h hf kd f k hf uGom;ouJoYkd emrfEiyf uGyukd Oyrm jyonf/ ed,ESihf jrefrmjyef ta[mif;wdYk ,if;ork* - yk'ukd yef;uyf J G h S hf k J kH f [k jyefqMkd u\/ ,ckumv yef;uyfukd yHoPmefEiwuG odol tvGeyif Sm;vdrrnf? ,if;yef;uyfrm aS;rif; k S hf f hf S r;rwfwYkd uGr;yef; aygufaygufxnf oH;aqmifaom toH;taqmif jzpfonf? if;udk uGr;uvyf yef;uvyf f h k k f uGr;od[vnf; ac:onf[k u0drsufref owfyusrf; azmfjyxm;\/ 0do'r*f r[m#Dum ork*Ed f k l S kH k d rOLomo'doH r[mork*H - ork*H [lonfum; aowmESiwaom BuD;pGmaom ork*u-[k zGi\? tzGijhf zifh hf l kd hf aowmESiwaMumif; BuD;aMumif;rQom xifm;\? aowmrSmvnf; yHptrsKd;rsKd; SaomaMumifh ork*\ yHoPmef hf l S k H d k udum; qH;jzwf&ef cJ,Of;\? tbd"mef ed,wkYd um; - ork* - yk'ukd zmycyf yvH;[lif;? yef;uyf k k f k yef;awmif; uwf[if; jyefqMkd u\/ rlv - yPo r[m[wya'gyrokwf tzGihf t|uxm ayVmac: l d aowmBuD;xJ ork*rnfaom tpf - aowmi,f 5-vH; xnfxm;yH?k if;ork* aowmi,fwvH;xJ u&@ac: k h k uwf 4-vH; xnfxm;yH?k if;u&@uwf wvH;wvH;xJ t0wftqifwef;qm trsKd;pHk xnfxm;yHukd Oyrmjy\/ k h k k h k e0edygwf ork*ZmwftzGihf t|uxm ork*-yk'ukd u&@uwf[k zGi\? 'ge0bDv;onf ork*ac: uwfx f hf l J rdr\r,m; vlre;rudxnf if;uwfursKd oGm;av&m aqmifom;aMumifh zGijhf yxm;\/ odkYjzpf ork*-yk'ukd d d f k h kd G f yef;uyf yef;awmif; uwf tpf ponfjzifh jyefqaom teuftm;vH;yif toifcsn;[k rSw,oif\/ odkYaomf kd k h f f l h vnf; yef;uyf-ac:aom 0wKudk ,ckumv todcufaomaMumifif; uwfEihf tpfonf rzGiru wckwnf; h S hf D uJoYkd xif& zGivuaomtcg 2-ckuom;yktm;jzifh xifm;odv,aom Oyrm jzpfEiaomaMumifif; h hf kd f JG G H S G f kd f h uwf tpf[k 2-rsKd; jyefqvuf ayonf/ kd kd
rSwfcsuf
1-wmv - xef;yif + uE - tOtzk = wmvuE - xef;O xef;zk/ xef;yifBuD;rsm;rSm tOtzk [l rS?d ,ck vlwYdk rD;zkw ywf pm;aeMuaom xef;yifaygufp xef;jrpfonfomvQif xef;yif\ tOtzkjzpfonf? f if;rSmvnf; rcGru wckwnf;uJoYkd jzpfaeayonf? cGvuaomtcg 2-jcrf;uGom;onf/ xkYd aMumifh if;wmvuE J D h J kd f J G yk'ukd xef;yifayguf xef;jrpf-[k jyefqonf? ,ckumvSd ed,ESihf bmomjyefwYdk xef;zl;anmuf[k S\/ f dk d uE-yk'ukd tzktanmuf-[k ,lqNyD;vQif xef;zkanmuf-[k rlvu a&;cJ[ef Sayonf/ uEo'gonf f h d tzl;udum; ra[mEdi/ k k f
rSwfcsuf
1-tod - jzpfonf-[laom pum;jzifh rmepGukd jy\? igjzpfonf-[k qk&m jzpfonf[aom pum;jzifh J d l wwfonf odonf jrwfonf jynfponf ponfjzifh *kP, rmeaxmifvm;aom Bud,myk'f tm;vH;udk h kH f l T k odr;,ltyf\/ t[H-ig[laom pum;jzifum; 'd|pJG wPSmpGukd jyonf[k ,ltyf\/ f h d J
rSwfcsuf
1-wckcukd cGihf y&ayvdrrnf? vufc&ayvdrrnf? cGiryyJ vufrcHbJ jiif;y,fae&ef rjzpfEi[k qdv\/ k hf H hf hf kd f k kd 2-ow0g[k ac:aom twaumifonf ysufp;jcif;rSyJ wb0rS wb0odYk ajymif;aTY usifvnf aeonf[k D d ,lvQif ow'd|-wnfNrJyif wnfaeonf[aom t,l usa&muf\/ d dS l 3-ow0gonf aoaomtcg vH;vH; ysufp;oGm;onf[k ,lvQif Oap''d|d - t<uif;rJh jywfpom;onf k k D J G [laom t,l usa&muf\? taMumif;rlum; xdt,l aooGm;aomtcg tw\ tSet0g wpHw&mrQ rusefyJ k d f k vH;vH;vsm;vsm; aysmufysufom;onf[k ,lqaomaMumifwnf;/ orm'd|t,lum; ow0g[k ac:aom vufSd k k G h d kyemrf tpOf ysufp; aooGm;aomtcg twaumif rSaomfvnf; wPSm ruif; ao;vQif rdrd yxm;aom uH\ f D d tpGr;aMumifh kyemrftopf jzpfay:vsuf b0opf quf jzpfom;onf[k ,lq\? xkYd aMumifh Oap't,lvnf; f f G rusa&muf? b0rS twaumif toufaumifonfyif wjcm;b0okYd ajymif;oGm;onf[k r,lr ]]uH\ l
236
tpGr;aMumifh kyemrftopf jzpfom;onf}} [lom ,laomaMumifh owt,lvnf; rusa&muf? rsufarSmuf f f G b0wGif toufipOfvnf; kyemrftpOfrQom Sonf? yk*Kd vfow0g twaumif[ pifppftm;jzifh rS?d S f f d l aoaomtcgvnf; wPSm ruif;ao;vQif taMumif;uHaMumifh kyemrftopfjzpfvsuf kyemrftpOfrQom f f qufvuf jzpfom;onf? yk*Kd vf ow0g twaumif aTYajymif;oGm;onf r[kw?f wPSmuif;aom bk&m;&[Em G rSmvnf; y&deAmefyaomtcg taMumif; rSaomaMumifh kyemrftopf rjzpfay:vmyJ kyemrftpOf jywfpom;kH d d f f J G rQom jzpfonf? yk*Kd vfow0g twaumif aysmufysufom;onf r[kw[k rSeuefpm ,lqaomaMumifh rZdry#dy'g G f f G orm'd| wnfayonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-udavom uif;vQif uHu tusKd;ray;EdiaomaMumifh b0opf kyemrf rjzpfay:&awmhyJ kyemrftpOf k f f f [laom qif;&JrQom Nidr;oGm;onf[k odYk omvQif ,loifygvsuf xk,oifonfukd ausmfve udavom f h d l h G f ruif;ao;ygyJ xdxb0rS aokrQjzifh b0csKyfNidr;onf[k ,laomaMumifh twd"m0e-ausmveom;onf rnf\/ k kd H f f G f G
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;jzpfueaomaMumifh [laom yk'onf yp,m-[laom yk'\ bmomjyef jzpfonf/ ,ck k f f f #Dum pmtkywYkd yp,m a[mEmyd[k S\? xdtvdtm;jzifh tcsif;csif;\taMumif; jzpfueaomfvnf; emrfEiyf f d k k k f S hf k wkYd wif wckysufvQif 2-yg;vH; ysufue\[k jyef&vdrrnf/ teuft"dyg,frSi;/ tcsif;csif;taMumif; jzpf G k k f hf f tcsi;csi; rSae&aom w&m;wck ysuvQif tjcm;wckvnf; rD&mtaMumif;rSaomaMumifh ysufavawmhonf f f D f S d [laom teufomvQif xifm;ayonf/ xdYk aMumifh yp,m - yk'ukd a[wkrE 0daooe,l tcsif;csif;\ S f taMumif;jzpfueaomaMumif[k jyefqxm;onf/ #Dumvnf; yd-o'grygyJ yp,m a[mEm - [lom k f h kd Sdoifhonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-zvQif ig;ckajrmufaom emrfw&m;wdYk [lonfrm - z a0'em onm apwem pdw-[laom dS S f w&m;wdYk yif jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-ay,smvrsm;udk jriforqi&m tyd'uJoYkd azmfyg? jrifort&m Mum;odrponfukd ajymif;vJ d I kd f k f h d I I xnfrQom xl;onf/ h Hk
rSwfcsuf
1-0gusjzifh kyu&nfonf[k #Dum qdk\/ f kd 2-0gusjzifh emrfu&nfonf[k #Dumyif qk\/ y&tm&rPawm - wyg;aom w&m;wkYd \ tm&rP kd d owaMumif?h 0g? tmkjH zpfaom w&m;wkYd aMumif[k jyefoifaomfvnf; okwenf;aom olwYkdvnf; odv,ap&ef d h h G f wyg;aom w&m;wkYd ukd qGui& tmkH y&aomaMumifh [k t"dyg,feuf jyefqxm;onf/ J kd f kd
rSwfcsuf
1-a,m*Dy*Kd vf\ .... [kwwi;rSepm odjrifjcif;ud-[k pyfyg/ k f kd f f G k 2-Pftqif wnfaom .... odjrifjcif;ud-[k pyfyg/ h k
237
rSwfcsuf
1-a,m*D&[ef;onf .... SmrS;jcif;odYk a&muf\-[k pyfyg/ D 2-taMumif;rSyJ jzpfygrl tvH;pHaom w&m;wdYk onf taMumif;rSycsnf; jzpfue&m\? odYk tvH;pHyif d k k d J k f k k wlnvsuf S&m\/ xkoYkdjzpfvQif aomwyom' ponfwYdkif; opfyif ajr a& paom A[d'oEmefif; D d d puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ wnf&mrS&m taMumif; rSaomfvnf; xdtvH;pHaom XmewkYd puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk D d k k k jzpfavuke&m\? odYk tvH;pHaom XmewdYk taMumif;rSyJ puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk jzpfay:aomtm;jzifh f k k d wrsKd;wnf; wlnonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf&monf[k qdv\/ D k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-puKyom'ponfwYdk rjzpfrD aS;umvif; puKyom' ponfwYdk csKyfNyD;aom aemufumvif; puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ wnf&mrS&m taMumif;rS?d odYk aomfvnf; taMumif;rSyJ jzpfEiygrl xdtvH;pHaom D d kd f k k k umvwkYd vnf; taMumif;rSyJ puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk jzpfay:avuke&m\/ odYk cyfor; taMumif;rSyJ d f d f d puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk jzpfay:aomtm;jzifh wrsKd;wnf; wlnonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf&monf[k qdvk\/ D k d 2-rsufppv;uef;aom olponfwYdk tm;if; kyrSaom jA[mwkYd tm;if; tonowfjA[m wdYk tm;if; d kH kH f d puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk \ wnf&m rS&m taMumif;rS?d odYk aomfvnf; taMumif;rSyJ jzpfay:Ediygrl xkoYdk aom D d k f d yk*Kd vfwYdk tm;vnf; taMumif;rSyJ puK0dnmPfponfwYdk jzpfay:avuke&m\? odYk tvH;pHaom yk*Kd vfwYdk tm; d f k k taMumif;rSyJ puK0dnmPf ponfwYdk jzpfay:aomtm;jzifh wrsKd;wnf; wlnonf\ tjzpfoYkd a&muf&monf[k d D qdv\/ puK0dnmPf ponfukd jyqdjk cif;rSm enf;jyrQom jzpfonf? trSetm;jzifaomfum; taMumif;rSyJ k kd f h d jzpfEiygrl avmu txl;[lorQonf t&yfXmewdi; olcyfor;wkYd tm; tcgcyfor;yif jzpfay:av&m\-[k kd f k f d f d f qdvonf/ k kd 3-ponf-[laom pum;jzifh yuwd yk&o yZmywd umvponfwYdkukd ,l/ d 4-&ponfwYdk onf wu,fygrl if;wdYk onfvnf; emrfEiyrQom jzpf&rnf? emrfyrS tvGwf dS S hf k f k f jzpfaom &ponfwYdk rSueonfomwnf;? tu,f if;wkYd ukd emrfyrS tvGw[k ,lqvQif if;wdYk onf d k f k f f bmrQrSaom trnfynwfrQ ac:a0:krQom jzpf&monf? trSetm;jzifh xifm; rSueonf omwnf;/ xkYd aMumifh d H f S d k f xdoYkd xifm;rSaom & ponfwYdk rm toH;rus w&m;r0if[k qdvonf/ k S d S k k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-eDvyv - Mumd[aom yk'uaxmuf xkMd umdEihf trsK;wlaom Mumudk OyvMum[k ,ltyf\/ k k l f kd k S d y'krmMumESihf yk@&duMf umwkYd ukd t|uxmwkYd ]]yGicsyw&m rjynfaom Mumonf wenf; MumeDonf yk@&duf hf f h rnf\? yGicsyw&m jynfaom Mumonf wenf; MumjzLonf y'krm rnf\}}-[k qH;jzwf\/ tbd"mefum; hf f h k ]]Mumomrefukd y'krmMum [lif;? MumjzLudk yk@&duMf um [lif;? Mumodrf MumwHqyf naecsrf;yGiaom d hf MumjzLudk aom*EuMum [lif;}} qd\/ d k 2-wHp;wGi; [lonfum; aq;aMumaoma& ud,0ef tnpftaMu; ponfwYdkukd pGeYf oe&m Xmewnf;/ D f k f G f wHp;ajrmif; [lonfum; TYH eEihf wuGaom xdaq;aMumaoma& ud,0ef tnpftaMu; ponfwYdk \ pD;oGm;&m D G f S k k f t&yfwnf;[k zGijhf yaom rlvyPmo t|uxm (1-83)ESihf tnDyif wHp;wGi; wHp;ajrmif;wkYd ukd rSw&m\/ D f D f
238
rSwfcsuf
1-kyfukd,f\ .... rlvtaMumif;aywnf;? .... taxmuftyHh taMumif;aywnf;? .... rlvtaMumif; taxmuftyHh taMumif;wkYd aywnf;-[k pyfyg/ 2- rlvtaMumif;udk ]]Zeu (jzpfapwwfaom) taMumif;}} [lvnf; ac:onf/ 3-odr;qnf;jcif;udk yNyD;vQif .... odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\-[k pyfyg/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-xda,m*Donf ..... y,f (tyf) \-[k ESm - 258 yXr pmyd'u tqH;pGey'Eihf vSr;pyfyg/ k k f k f k f S f 2-ow-wnfNrJ wnfaeyHk tjcif;t&mESihf t"d'orkyw-taMumif;rJh tvdvjkd zpfvmyHk tjcif;t&mwkYd ukd d k pGr jzpfaom ,H;rSm;yHk tjcif;t&m 2-ck jzpfonf/ J DS k 3-0gusjzifh ]]rif;rsKd;jzpfcavoavm? ykPm;rsKd; ponfwYdk wif vl0wfaMumif ponfwYdk wif ewfponf hJ G G wkYd wif wyg;yg; jzpfcavoavm}}[k ,Hrm;jzpfonfukd jyaMumif; t|uxm #DumwkYd zGiMhf u\/ xdtwdwumv G hJ k S k f wke;u twonf kycavoavm? a0'em ponfcavoavm? odYk ponfjzifh ,Hrm;jcif;vnf; jzpfoif\/ f f dS hJ dS hJ k S h 4-Snfav-jrifavoavm? wdav-ykavoavm? jzLavoavm? rnf;avoavm ponfjzifh oPmef h k tjcif;t&mudp ,Hrm;onf[k rlvtzGitjzpfjzifh jyqkNd yD;vQif ]]tb,foYkd aom tjcif;t&mjzifh jzpfcavoenf;[k k JG k S hf hJ jzpfytjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ,Hrm;onf}}[k q&mwkYd u qdaMumif;vnf; #Dum jy\/ q&mwkYd \ 0g't&tm;jzifh kH k S k zefqif; jzpfvmcJoavm? taMumif;rJh jzpfvmcJoavm ponfjzifh ,Hrm;onfukd ,ltyf\/ h h k S 5-,Hrm;ykrm wwd,,Hrm;yHEihf wl\? tqufquf jzpfvmyHukd ,Hrm;jcif;rQom xl;onf/ k S H S k S k S k k S
rSwfcsuf
1-rdr[k odrwxm;aom tw[onfrm wu,f Savoavm? rSavoavm[k ,Hrm;onf/ d S f l S d d k S 2-rif;rsK; jzpfygvsuf [kwavoavm? r[kwavoavm[k ,Hrm;onf[k t|uxm #DumwkYd zGijhf y d f f k S Mu\/ rif;rsKd;ponf [kwf r[kwf ,Hrm;jcif;onf y#dywft&m txl;tm;jzifh kyf emrfukd Iaom 0dyemt&m k S qefYusibufvnf; rjzpf? kyf emrfukd odjcif;aMumifvnf; xkoYkdaom ,Hrm;udk vGeajrmufrnf r[kw?f xkYd aMumifh f h d k S f qifjcifoif\/ rdrd\ twaumifonf kyavoavm? a0'em ponf Savoavm ponfjzifh ,Hrm;jcif;udk h f dS d k S ,lvQif oif&m\? ,ckumvyif twpowYdk rSm xkoYkd aom ,Hrm;jzpfvsuf SdMu\ h JG dS l d k S 3-ud,wi;u ZD0tw\ tSnf twdk paom oPmefyrmPudk pG ,Hrm;jzpfyukd #Dum jy\/ k f G f J k S H kyavoavm ponfjzifh ,Hrm;jcif;vnf; twGi;0ifonf[k rSwtyf\/ f dS k S f f
239
rSwfcsuf
1-]]y,f (tyf)\}} [laomyk'onf y[D,wd-yk'\ bmomjyef jzpfonf/ t&m y,f-[lonfrm f f S aysmufapjcif; 0durey[mefjzifh a0;uGmjcif; uG,aysmufjcif; yifwnf;/ odYk jzpf xda,m*Donf ,Hrm;udk y,f f k k S (tyf)\-[l&m xka,m*D\ oEmef ,Hrm;aysmufuif;\-[k qkvayonf/ tb,fuoYdk enf;[lr d k S d kd hJ l "Z*ow0,f ]]y[D,wd-y,ftyfvwH}h } [l&m aysmufuif;vwH-[k teuf ,l&ouJoYkd yifwnf;/ k f d h h 2-tjym;Sdaom .... taMumif;udk-[k pyfyg/ 3-ukovf tukovf 0dyguf ud&,m tjym;tm;jzifif; ukovf ponfvnf; aomreo[*kwf kd kd d h kd tpSonfwYdk wif wyg;yg;aom tjym;tm;jzifif; tvH;pHaom tjym;Saom[k qdv\/ tcsKyftm;jzifrum; d G h k k d k kd h l avmuDpwf 81-yg; xdpwwYdk Ei,Oaom apwoduf 52-yg; odYk aom tjym;Saom emrf[orQudk qdvonf/ d k d f S hf S f d l k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ukovemrf\ taMumif;om jzpfonf-[k qkv\/ kd f d kd 2-tukovemrf\ taMumif;om jzpfonf-[k qdv\/ kd f k kd 3-0dygufemrf\ taMumif;om jzpfonf-[k qdv\/ k kd 4-ud&,memrf\ taMumif;om jzpfonf-[k qdv\/ d k kd 5-urZkyukd jzpfaponf-[k qdv\/ f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-2-a,m*Donf .... IjrifNyD;vQif .... ,HkrSm;udk y,f (tyf)\-[k pyfyg/ vnf; xkd a,m*D\ oEmef 0durey[meftm;jzifh a0;uGmvsuf ,Hrm;aysmufuif;\-[k qdvonf/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyifrw/ k S k kd S f 3-a,m*Donf .... emrfkyf\taMumif; odr;qnf;jcif;udk y\-[k pyfyg/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-'d|"r - rsufarSmuftwawm - rsuarSmufb0 + a0'eD, - cHpm;tyfaom tusKd;SaomuH/ f d 2-OyyZ - b0\ teD; jzpf - tjcm;rJh 'kw,b0 + a0'eD, - cHpm;tyfaom tusKd;SaomuH/ d d
rSwfcsuf
1-ty& - rsufarSmuf twabm tjcm;rJh twabmwkYd rS wyg;aom + y&d,m, - twabm\ tvSn hf - wwd,b0 ponf + a0'eD, - cHpm;tyfaom tusKd;SaomuH/ d
240
rSwfcsuf
1-uHukd tbd"rwo*F[usrf; tmpdPuH - (rjywfavhusutyfaom uH)[k ac:\/ f 2-]]tpSdaom}} - [laompum;jzifh ydwCmw - tbudowfjcif;? t&[ECmw - &[Emudk owfjcif;? k k avm[dwyg' - jrwfpmbk&m; aoG;pdr;wnfapjcif;? oHCab' - oHCmudcjJG cif;? ed,wrdpm'd|d - uHEiu\ k G f k S hf H tusKd;rS[k NrJNrHpm jzpfaom rdpmt,lwYdk ukd ,l&m\/ d G uGJrnf/ 3-0do'r*fygXf tv'gao0eH-[k SvQif rS0rukd r&aom-[k jyeftyf\? xkoYkd ygrS A[kvuHEihf k d d D J I d dS S
rSwfcsuf
1-ur0#f 0dygu0#f[aom taMumif;aMumih-[k qdv\/ l f k kd 2-ypKyefb0 ]]0dnmPf emrfkyf oVm,we z a0'em}} [laom tusKd;udkrSD wPSm Oyg'gef ur b0jzpfonfukd qdv\/ odkY teufjyefrS uHaMumifh 0dygufjzpfonf? xd0ygufaMumifyif wzefujH zpfonf? k kd k d h xduaMumifh wzef 0dygufjzpfjyefonf - odYk ponfjzifh wjyefpD rjywfvnfom;Ediayonf/ k H G k f
rSwfcsuf
1-a,m*Donf .... tvH;pHaom xd,rm;udk y,f (tyf)\[k pyfyg/ k k k kH S 2-b0oH;yg; [lonfum; umrb0 lyb0 tlyb0 wdkYaywnf;/ a,med av;yg;[lonfum; t@Z k OrSaygufzm;aom ow0grsKd;? ZvmAkZ - oli,ftrrS aygufzm;aom ow0grsKd;? oHao'Z - tn jzpfyg;aom G d f G d G ow0grsKd;? Moyygwdu - teD; kww&uf usvmouJoYkd ud,xifm; tjynftpHk bGm;ueJ jzpfay:aom f h k f S h ow0grsKd;? av;rsKd;wkYd aywnf;/ uwdig;yg;[lonfum; i&J wd&pmef Nydwm vl ewf-ig;yg;wkYd aywnf;/ 0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg;[lonfum; vlwYdk onf vltcsif;csif;if; umrm0p& ewfwYkd onf ewftcsif;csif;if; ud,Eihf y#doaEonm 2-rsK;vH; xl;jcm;aomaMumifh emewum, k f S d k emewonD rnfue\ (1)/ yXrpsmef jA[mwkYd onf tcsif;csif;if; tyg,fow0gwkYd onf k f tcsif;csif;if; ud,x;jcm; onmwlaomaMumifh emewum, {uwonD rnfue\ (2)/ k f l k f 'kw,psmef jA[mwkYd onf tcsi;csi;uk,w onm xl;jcm;aomaMumifh {uwum,emewonD d f f d f l rnfue\ (3)/ wwd,psmef jA[mwkYd onf tcsif;csif;if; a0[yKd vf jA[mwkYd onf tcsif;csif; k f if; udk,fESifh onm 2-rsK; wlaomaMumifh {uwum, {uwonD rnfue\ (4)/ ok'g0go d k f jA[mwkYd onfvnf; pwkw 0dnmP|dw 0ifoifue\/ d h k f /tmumomeOm,we jA[m wkYd onf tmumomeOm,weonD rnfue (5)/ 0dnmPOm,we jA[mwkYd onf 0dnmPOm, k weonD rnfue\ (6)/ tmudOnm,we jA[mwkYd onf tmudOnm,weonD rnfue\ k f k f (7)/ ckepfyg;wkYd aywnf;/ owm0go 9-yg;wkYd [lonfum; txufyg0dnmP|dwd ckepfyg;wkYd tonowfbEihf kH S ae0onm emonm,webHkwkdYudk xnfh 9-yg;wkYd onf ow0gwkYd \ ae&m jzpfaomaMumifh owm0go 9-yg; rnfue\/ k f
241
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;jzpfaom csnfrQifrsm;onf tusKd;jzpfaom t0wftxnfx rysufrpD;bJ wnfaeMuovdk J dS uHonfum; tusKd;0dygufx wnfaeawmhonfr[kw?f uHuyif rysufp;bJ tusKd;0dygufjzpfvmonf r[kw[k J dS D f qdv\/ k kd 2-pyg;ESonf taMumif;jzpfaom pyg;yifx tzH;tvH;tjzpfjzifh wnfaeESiovdk tusKd;0dygufonfum; H J k k dS hf uHjzpfpOfumvu xkux ude;atmif;vsuf SaecJonfr[kw?f ol jzpfay:cduusrSomvQif topfpufpuf d H J f d k f jzpfay:vmonf[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-b0\tqH;ESihf tpjzpfaom pkwEihf y#doaEwYdk \ csKyfysuykH jzpfay:yHukd odjrif oabmusvQif k d S f k xdb0 twGi;0ifaom w&m;tvH;pHukd odNyD;jzpfavawmhonf? odonf rnfavawmhonf? od&ma&mufawmhonf k f k k [lom qdv\/ xdw&m;tvH;pHukd oAwnmPfjzifh odouJoYkd if; ypu0yemPfjzifh odouJoYkd if; k kd k k k k h d h wdwusus Si;Si;vif;vif; odonf[um; rqdv/ d f f l k dk
rSwfcsuf
1-puK'Gg& lygkxifay:vmaomtcg xdygkukd qifjcifaom yO'g&m 0Ze;pdwjf zpf\? xkYd aemif H k l H G f xdygkukd jrifaom puK0dnmPfpwf jzpf\? xkdYaemif xdklygkHudk vufcHaom or#dpdKef;pdwf? pHprf;aom oE&P k l H d k D pdw?f qH;jzwfaom 0ka|mpdwwYdk wBudrpjD zpfay:MuNyD;vQif aZmpdwf 7-Budrf w'gkpwf 2-Budrjf zpf NyD;aemuf k f f H d tdyaysmfouJoYkd b0ifpwrsm; jzpfay:oGm;\/ rQjzifh lygkujkd rifaom puK'Gg& 0Dxpwf tpOfwck NyD;qH;\/ f h d f H d d k pdwtpOfx yXrqH;p qifjcifaom yO'g&m-0Ze;pdwukd raem"mwf[k qdonf/ xdpwf f J k G f f k k d csKyfom;onf\ tjcm;rJ puK0dnmPfpwf jzpfay:vmonf/ odYk jzpf&m yO'g&-0Ze;rnfaom raem"mwfpwf G h d G f d uyif puK0dnmPfpwf tjzpfoYkd ajymif;vJvmonf r[kw?f if;raem"mwf pdwonfum; jzpfay:NyD;vQif t<uif;rJh d f csKyfaysmufom;onf? odYk aomfvnf; if;raem"mwf\ teE&yp, owaMumifh if;\tjcm;rJ puK0dnmPfpwf G d h d onf topfpufpuf jzpfvnf;jzpfay:vm\? rjzpfay:bJ rae[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-vnf; ]]xka,m*D\oEmef 0durey[meftm;jzifh ,Hrm; 16-yg;om a0;uGmoGm;onf om d k S uif;aysmufom;onf}}[k qdv\/ G k kd 2-tpSaomyk'jf zifh ]]w&m;,Hrm;\? oHCm? rdr\tusifoum oHo&m\ aS;tzdYk ? aemuftzdYk ? d k S d h d aS;aemuftzdYk ? y#dporkyg'f ,Hrm;\}} [laom ckepfyg;udk Te;onf/ k S f
rSwfcsuf
1-y&rw - jrwfaomteuf - rSeaomteuftm;jzifh omoemawmf oufom&mrnfonf t&d,mzdvf f k aywnf;? axmufwnf&mrnfonf t&d,mr*faywnf;? a,m*Donfum; xdt&d,mr*fzvukd r&ao;ay? k kd f odYk aomfvnf; xdt&d,mr*fzvukd &aMumif;jzpfaom tusi wnfaomaMumihf &tyfNyD;aom oufom&mSd ouJoYkd k kd f fh h if; &tyfNyD;aom axmufwnf&mSouJoYkd if; jzpfay\? xkYd aMumifh ]]&tyfNyD;aom oufom&mSonf jzpf &tyf d h d NyD;aom axmufwnf&mSonf jzpf}}[k rdeYf qayonf/ (#DumtzGi) d kd hf
242
rSwfcsuf
1-aS;ESm (274) rSwcsuf 1-udk jyefMunfyg/ f h 2-rqkw,waom ucFg0dw&P0do'aom (0g-SvQif) 0dyema,m*Donf avmuDjzpfueaom f k f k d dS d k f oDvjynfpkH pifMu,fjcif; orm"djynfppifMu,fjcif; ynmjynfppifMu,fjcif;wdYk Eihf jynfpaeaomaMumifh xducFg h h kH h kH S h kH k 0dw&P 0do'xuf tvGef rodao; r&ao;aomfvnf; ok*wdvQifvm;&m Sayonf? xkYd aMumifyifvQif plV k d d h aomwmyef rnfayonf/ (#DumtzGiyif) #Dum ]]rqkw,waom ucFg0dw&P 0do'd Saom}} [laom hf f k f k d 0daooeyk'uif;? ]]oDvjynfpkH pifMu,fjcif; ponfwYdk Eihf jynhpaomaMumif}h } [laom taMumif;jyyk'uif; f kd h S f kH f kd txl;owdytyf\? xdoYkd aom a,m*Donf ucFg0dw&P0do'd rqkw,wygrS *wdNrJEionf? qkw,wvQium; k k f k f kd f f k f f rNrJEi-[lif;? oDvponf jynfpNkH rJ jynfpaerS *wd NrJEionf? oDvponf ysufp;aevQifum; rNrJEi[if; kd f h h kH kd f D kd f l teufuvnf; ajymif;jyefenf;jzifh xdk yk'rsm;u jyvsuf S\/ kd f d
rSwfcsuf
1-r* - vrf;k;vrf;rSef + tr* - vrf;k;r[kwf - vrf;rSm; + P - todPf + 'e - tjrif + d d 0do'd - pifMu,fjcif; - pifMu,fonf? um; wyk'p\ teuf/ k f D 2-aw "ar orEkywd - xdk w&m;wkdYudk I\ [lonfum; ae0onm emonm,wepsmef yk'pOf f twdi; w&m;wkYd ukd toD;toD;Iaom 0dyemonf jrwfpmbk&m; wdYk tm;omvQif jzpf\? om0uwkdYtm; r ? k f G jzpf xkYd aMumifh ae0onmemonm,wepsmef taygif;vdutm;jzifh Iaom uvmy0dyemudk jyawmfrvonf k f l kd jzpf odYk a[mawmfrayonf/ (Oy&dyPmo tEky'okwtzGihf t|uxm\ jrefrmjyef) l f xdow tSiom&dyMk wm\ 0dyemIyukd jyonf/ Iypsmef 4-yg;ESifh atmuftlypsmef 3-yg;wkYd k k f f kH 0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd okc {u*wm z tpSaom psmefpwK yg'f w&m;wkYd ukd toD;toD; xkwjf y\? ae0onmpsmef d d um; xkoYkd toD;toD;Iyukd rjyyJ aw "ar - xdk w&m;wkYd u-[k taygif;vdkuftvHk;kduf IyHkudk jy\? xkoYkd d kH kd d jyjcif;rSm om0uwkYd tm; ae0onmpsmef toD;toD; Iaom tEky'0dyem rjzpf? uvmy0dyemtaygif;vduf Ijcif;om jzpfaomaMumifh xdoYkd ]]aw "ar}}-[k a[mawmfraMumif; t|uxm jyqdonf? k k l k xkYd aMumifh uvmyoreudvnf; xduvmy 0dyemrsK;yif-[k rSwtyf\/ yx0D z tpSdaom w&m; k k d f wckcukd vuPm ponfjzifh toD;tjcm; xifm;Ionf r[kwyJ aS;u IvmcJaom w&m;wdYk Eihf enf;rS; k S f h S D taygif;vdutm;jzifh rNrJ qif;&J twr[kw-[k Ijcif;udk qdvonf/ k f f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-wckaom ocFg&\aomfvnf; rNrJonf\ tjzpfukd jrifNyD;vQif ]]tvH;pHaom ocFg&wkYd onf rNrJue}f }[k k k k <uif;aom ocFg&wdYk enf;rS; ESv;oGi;rI e,reodum&onf jzpf\/ ]]tvHk;pHkaom ocFg&wdkY rNrJukef}} odkY D kH f tpSaom pum;rSm enf;rS; Ijcif; - e,'eudk &nf qdxm;aom pum;jzpfonf? wckwnf;aom cP d D k (ocFg& tvH;pHu) tmkH yaomtm;jzifh Ijcif;udk &nf qdaom pum;r[kwf (uxm0wK t|uxm eHygwf 251)/ k k kd k xduxm0wK t|uxm e,awm reodum& - e,reodum&-[lif;? e,awm 'e-e,'e-[lif; k jyqkxm;aom IyEihf jyqkxm;aom e,0dyem wkYd ukd wlonf-[k rSw,tyf\/ d kH S d f l 2-tm&'-tm;xkwpyNyD;aom + 0dyu-0dyemIo?l a,m*Drm tm;wkwcgp r[kw?f tm;xkwp f S f f ycJNh yD; tjzpftysufukd jrifEiaom O',A,PfoYkd a&mufcgp a,m*D jzpfonf/ xkYd aMumifh ]]tm;xkwpyaom}} kd f f [k rqdr ]]tm;xkwp yNyD;aom}}-[k NyD;ESiwuG qdxm;onf/ k l f hf k
243
rSwfcsuf
1-y&d - ydi;jcm; + nm - odaomPf - y&dnm - ydi;jcm; odaom Pfynm/ k f k f 2-w-odtyf odxuaomw&m; (t&m kyf emrfEihf if;wkYd \ taMumif;yif jzpfonf) + y&dnm dk f S ydi;jcm; odaomPfynm/ k f 3-wD&P - pHprf; oH;oyfqifjcifaom + y&dnm - ydi;jcm; odaom Pfynm/ k k k f 4-y[me - y,fwwfaom + y&dnm - ydi;jcm; odaomPfynm/ k f 5-tbd - aS;Iy + nm - odaomynm/ teufrm ]]oabmw&m;wkYd \ obm0vuPmudk S aumif;pGm rSwaomtm;jzifh odtyf odxuaom w&m;odYk aS;Iyvsuf odaom ynmonf tbdnmynm rnf\}} f kd f [k jyqdaom r[m#Dum (2-387) tzGiukd rSonf/ wenf;tm;jzifh ]]okwr,ynm pdEmr,ynm tcsKdYaom k hf D bm0emr,ynmwkYd xuf xl;aom (tbdnm) ynmjzifh odtyfaom w&m;wkYd onf tbdnmw rnfue\}}[k k f zGiaom r[m#Dum (2-507) tzGiEitnD jyefqvQif ]]okwr, pdEmr,Pf ponfwYdk xuf xl;jcm;pGmodaom hf hf S hf kd ynm}}-[lvnf; jyefEiao;\/ kd f
rSwfcsuf
1- tyd'ukd txl;owdytyf\? kyemrf oabmw&m; ta&twGujf zpfykH ysufykH ponfwYdk ukd okw k f f tm;avsmfpm awG;q BuHpnfrQjzifh wy&dnmac:aom emrlyy&dap'Pf yp,y&d*[PfwYkd rjzpfEiue?f G Hk kd f k wu,f jzpfay:vmaom kyemrfwYdk \ obm0vuPm ponfwYdk ukd aumif;pGmrSw odygrS xdwy&dnmac:aom f f k emrIy y&dap'Pf yp,y&d*[PfwYkd jzpfEiue\-[laom teufukd pmyd'u txiftSm;jyvsuf S\/ kd f k f k f d 2-enf;jzifh .... vuPmudk wif -[k pyfyg/ 3-4-xdk kyemrfwYdk tay:odYk omrnvuPmudk wif -[k qkv\/ wif-[laom pum;rSm rlvu f d kd Pf rxifao;aom tedpvuPm ponfwYdk ukd Pf&ifaomtcg xifm;awGY& if;wkYd uvnf; I&jyefaom h S kd aMumifh rlvu Iaeaom obm0vuPmay:rSm xyfqif wif&ouJoYkd jzpfonfu&nf wifpm;qkaom pum; h h kd d jzpfonf/ rxifao;aom vuPmwkYd ukd rSe;q wifonfuum; qdvonf r[kw/ atmufygrsm;rS #Dum f kd k kd f tzGirsm; jzpfonf/ hf kyw&m; wufvsuf xifvsufaom aS;u rdrd rrSeb;ao;aom vuPm oH;yg;udk ,ck rSwvsuf f dS f l k f oH;oyfaom a,m*Dudk ]]xdk kyw&m;ay: xdk vuPm 3-yg;udk wifonf}}[l qdktyf\/ (r[m#Dum 2-407)/ k f yx0D ztpSaom kyw&m; emrfw&m;wkYd \ Murf;wrf;jcif; awGYxjd cif; tpSaom obm0vuPm d f d wkdYudk Oyg'f XD bif cP 3-yg;vH;rSmyif rSwoEiue\? (if;wkYd onf) kyf emrfw&m;wkYd \ toD;toD; ude;ao k f d kd f k f f NrJaom txnfu,\ tjzpfjzifh yifukd oabmtm;jzifh NyD;pD; xifm;ukeonfvQif jzpfue (odYk aom kd f S f k f tjcif;t&mjzifh if;wkYd u) ,ltyfueouJoYkd tedp paom omrnvuPmwkYd uum; xkYd twl r,ltyfue?f if; kd k f h kd k omrnvuPmwkYd uum; ysuom;jcif; tjzpftysuu ESypufjcif; tvdtwdi; rjzpfjcif; [laom tjcif;t&m kd f G f d f k k f wkYd ukd y"me aSYom;yojzifh (odNyD;rS)omvQif ,lEif odEiaomaMumifh obm0vuPmay: wiftyfaom oabm G kd kd f wkUd uJoYkd jzpfvsuf ,ltyf odtyfue\? xkdYaMumifh ]]omrnvuPm 3-yg;udk wif}} [laom pum;udk t|uxm h k f q&m qdayonf/ (2-387) k yx0D z tpSaom kywckck emrfwckcEiom qdiaom Murf;wrf;jcif; awGYxjd cif; tpSaom toD; d f k S hf k f d toD;aom vuPmwkYd ukd obm0vuPm 0daoovuPm - [k ac:onf/ kyemrfw&m;wki; tm;vH;wdYk Eihf f d f k S nDwnrQqkiaom tedpvuPm 'kuvuPm tewvuPmwkYd ukd omrnvuPm-[k ac:onf/ l D d f
244
rSwfcsuf
1-vuPmvQif tmkHSdaom - [lonfrm vuPmudk tmkH yaom - [kqv\/ S dk kd
rSwfcsuf
1-obm0vuPmudk odjcif;onfomvQif tBuD;tr;jzpfonf tvGetjrwfq; jzpfonf-[k qdv\/ f kH k kd wenf;tm;jzifh xdk toduom tpd;&onf? xdtod\ e,fy,fjzpfonf-[k qdv\/ k k k kd 2- tEkyem 7-yg;wdYk ukd b*FPft&m tus,fjyxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-00wmae-[laom yk' owrD 0dbwf-[k ,lvQif ]]ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf&m}}-[k jyeftyf\? odYk aomf f k f k ydi;jcm;qH;jzwf&m yg0ifaom ynmudyif qdvaomaMumifif;? yXr0dbwfjzifh NyD;aomyk'vnf; jzpfoifaom k f k k k kd h f h aMumifif; teuft"dyg,f acsmap&ef ]]ydijf cm; qH;jzwfaom}} [laom teufukd rl&if;y jyefxm;onf/ h k k 2-oroae-yk'f owrjD zifh NyD;vQif ]]oH;oyfqifjcif&m}}[k jyef&m\? um; rSwfcsuf 1- uJoYkd yif k h teuft"dyg,f acsm&modYk vu rl&if;yxm;onf/ kd f
rSwfcsuf
1-2-vufonf;uGi;twGi; pmyd'rsm;rSm okwenf;olwYdk tm; odv,ap&ef ygVday,smvrS tenf;i,f f f k f G f azmfjyxm;aom pum;rsm; jzpfonf/ 3-pum;0gus rjynhpao;bJ odYk aom yk'rBuD;rsm;udk awGYvQif if;wkYd uvnf; ay,smv-[k rSwfyg/ f kH f kd
rSwfcsuf
1-yg-apmifaSmufjcif;iSg + tv - pGr;Edionf .... ay,smv - jrKyfxm;aom pum;pkukd raysmufrysuf h f k f &atmif PfowYkd xkwazmfvsuf apmifaSmuf&ef pGr;Ediaomt&m[k qdvdk\/ dS l f h f k f k
rSwfcsuf
1- y-jzifh tmayg awaZm 0ga,m tmumo [laom "mwf 4-yg;udk jrKyfxm;onf/ 2- y-jzifh tmayg awaZm 0ga,m eDv yDw avm[dw Mo'gw tmumo [laom uodP; 8-yg;udk k f jrKyfxm;onf/ 3- y-jzifh ly? aomw o'? Cme *E? Zd0g &o? um, azm|A? rem,wewkYd ukd jrKyfxm;onf/ S 4- y-jzifh ly puK0dnmP? aomw o' aomw0dnmP? Cme *E Cme0dnmP? Zd0g &o S Zd0g0dnmP? um, azm|A um, 0dnmP"mwfwYdk ukd jrKyfxm;onf/ S 5- y-jzifh aomwdaÈ CmedaÈ Zd0aÈ um,daÈ? redaÈ? ZD0waÈ? waÈ yk&oaÈ? okcaÈ dS d d d d d d 'kuaÈ aomredaÈ a'gredaÈ OayuaÈ? o'aÈ 0D&,aÈ owdaÈ orm"daÈ yndaÈ? tenm d d d d d wnrDwaÈ tndaÈwYdk ukd jrKyfxm;onf/ d
245
rSwfcsuf
1-rQaom tpDt&ifjzifh &[ef;onf .... XmewkYd jzifh ydi;jcm; .... ydi;jcm; qH;jzwf\-[k pyfyg/ k f k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-tmAm"m, - yk'ukd ]]emusifjcif;iSg}} [l jrefrmjyefMu\/ kyonfvnf; remusifwwf? onm ocFg& f f 0dnmPfwYdkonfvnf; remusiwwfue?f Am" - "mwfonfvnf; emusijf cif;teufukd ra[m? ESypufjcif; f k d f teufuom a[m\? cEmig;yg;onf tdjk cif; emjcif; ponfwYdk jzifh ESypufwwf\/ xkYd aMumifh ESypufjcif;iSgkd d f d f [k jyefxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-tedp - rNrJaomw&m;onf {uefrcsyif ocFw-aygif;pk ytyfaom w&m;vnf; jzpf\? y#dporkyE k - taMumif;udk pGr jzpfaom w&m;vnf;jzpf\ ponfjzifh odap\/ J DS 2-tusKd;iSgif; .... tusKd;iSgif; .... wzefxyf a[mawmf (rl)\-[k pyfyg/ 3-4-xda,m*Donf .... NrJNrHcicjhH cif; tusKd;iSg .... xdtedp ponfjzifh oH;oyfjcif;\ tpGr;tm;jzifh k kd f k k f ig;yg;aom cEmwdYk ukd oH;oyf\ - [k pyfyg/ k 5-jrwfpmbk&m;onf .... a0befcsuf .... av;q,faom tjcif;t&mwkYd jzifh .... odkY tpSdaom enf;jzifh G .... a0befawmfrlvsuf .... a[mawmfrl (tyf)\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-aS;ESm 290-rSwfcsuf 5-udk jyefMunfyg/ h
rSwfcsuf
1-2-xda,m*Donf wyg;wyg;aom cEmudk .... oH;oyf\-[k pyfyg/ k k 3-'ku-qif;&JoHk;rsKd; [lonfum; (1) 'ku'ku ac:aom 'kuEihf a'gre - ud,qif;&JEihf pdwqif;&J? S k f S f (2) 0dy&dPmr'kuac:aom okcESihf aomre - ud,csrf;omESihf pdwcsrf;om? (3) ocFg&'ku ac:aom ocFg& k f f w&m;taygif; [laom qif;&JwYdk yif jzpfonf/ 4-ruse;rmaomolonf olwyg;u xlay;&jcif; ponfjzifh olwyg;ESihf pyf rQwaexdi&\? rdr\ f k f d tvdtwdi; rjzpf? xdYk twlyif cEmSaom olwYkd onf olwyg;wkYd Eiif; wyg;aom taMumif;ypn;wkYd Eiif; pyf k k f d S hf f S hf rQw aexdi&aomaMumifh rdr\ tvdtwdi; rjzpf? xkoYkd rdrtvdtwdi; rjzpfyJ olwyg;wkYd ukd rS&jcif; wyg;aom k f d k k f d d k k f D ypn;wkYd ukd rS&jcif;wkYd ukd jzpfaponf[k qdv\/ f D k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-rif;ab;rif;'Pf ponfukd Oy'a0g-[k ac:onf/ 2-tpSdaom-[laomyk'jf zifh ,o-tNcHt&H tausmftapmESihf jynfpjkH cif;? t,o-tNcHt&H tausmftapm h rJjcif; - ysujf cif;? edEm - uJ&YJ jcif;? yoHom - cs;rGr;jcif;? okc-csr;omjcif;? 'ku-qif;&Jjcif;wkYd ukd jyonf/ h D f f
246
rSwfcsuf
1-opfaphrS tanmuftyifjzpfvsuf BuD;yGg;vmouJoYkd uav;b0 kyemrfuyif vlBuD;b0 kyemrfjzpfNyD; h f f BuD;yGg; pnfyifvmonf-[k vltrsm;u xifMu\/ xduoYkd BuD;yGg;pnfyifjcif; rSyJ jzpfay:vmorQ w&m;wkYd onf k hJ d csujf cif;yif t<uif;rJh ysup;aysmufu,f oGm;Muonf-[k qdv\/ f D G k kd 2-aemufpwEihf oabmwlaom aS;pdwysufNyD;rS xdpw\ teE& yp,owaMumifh aemufpwf topf d f S f k d f d d jzpfay:vmonf? aS;pdwuyif rysufyJ BuD;yGg;vmonfr[kw-[k qdv\/ f f k kd 3-a[mawmfrl (tyf) aom .... oH;oyfjcif;\-[k pyfyg/ k
rSwfcsuf
1- 200-tjym;Saom ..... oH;oyfjcif;jzifh ..... oH;oyfqifjcifaom xdk a,m*D\-[k pyfyg/ d k k 2-xda,m*D\ .... xdkoroePfonf-[k pyfyg/ k 3-e,0dyem[k-qdktyfaom .... xkdoroePfonf-[lvnf; pyfyg/ 4-a,m*Donf ... xufjrufatmif yNyD;vQif .... MuOfaSmif rSD0Jvsuf .... oHk;oyftyf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-owd orm"d ynmwkYd ukd ysufjym; qkw,wf apwwfaom (1) tm0go-ausmif;ae&m? (2) a*gp&f k qGr;cH&m usupm;oGm;vm&m? (3) b-ajymqdaompum;? (4) twlaeyk*Kd vf? (5) abmZe - tpm? (6) Owk? f f k (7) &d,myx-oGm; &yf xdif avsmif; [laom &d,ykxwYdk onf toyg,wdYk rnfue\? owd orm"d ynm k d k f wkYd ukd wd;wufapwwfaom tm0go paom if; 7-rsKd;wkYd onf oyg,wkYd rnfue\/ k k f 2-y#doaEcPyifvQif .... *Aao,su yk*dK vfwkdYtm; .... 30-aom kywYdk onf jzpfay:uke\-[k pyfyg/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-emrfuoYkd jzpfNyD;vQif vsijf refpmrcsKyf? twefMumrS csKyfonf-[k qdv\/ hJ G k kd 2-jzpfonfrS ysufonftxd kyoufwef;wckukd tjyefwck-[k ,l xdkodkYaom kyf\ tjyefrm emrfuoYkd f S hJ rvsijf ref rayghyg;aomaMumifh av;onf[k qkonf? ajcvSr;aES;onfukd av;onf-[k qkouJoYkd yifwnf;/ d f d h 3-4-y#doaEpwrS axmuf pdwtBudrtm;jzifh 2-Budrajrmuf jzpfaomaMumifh ESpcajrmuf jzpfaom d f f f f f k b0ifpw-[k qkonf? ESpcajrmufpwjf zpfaom b0if[k qdv\/ b0iftBudrtm;jzifrum; yXrb0ifpwf d f d f k d k kd f h l d jzpfonf/
247
rSwfcsuf
1-vnf; y#doaEpwrS axmuf oH;ckajrmuf-[k qkonf? b0if tBudrtm;jzifrl 'kw,tBudryif d f k d f h d f jzpfonf/ 2-aocgeD;umv pkwpwrS aS; 16-ckajrmuf pdwrp [',0wKESiwuG tvH;pHaom urZkyf d d f f S f k k wkYd onf rjzpfay:vmMuukeNf yD/ xkYd aMumifh xdk 16-ckajrmuf pdwrp aemufpwwYdk onf aS;tjcm;rJh pdwEitwl f S d f f S hf jzpfaom [',0wKkyf rSaomaMumifh 17-ckajrmufpwEihf ydi jzpfcaom [',0wKkyuom rS jzpfMu d d f S f hJ f kd D uke\/ xdYk aMumifh ]][',0wKkyf wckwnf;udomvQif rS 16-Budraom pdwwYdkonf jzpfay:uke\}}-[k f k D f f f qdayonf/ k 3-pdw\ Oyg'fcP csKyfonfuyif pdw\Oyg'fcPonf tvGevsifjref wkawmif;aomaMumifh ]]Oyg'f f kd f f d cPESiwuG csKyf\}}-[k qkonf/ hf d
rSwfcsuf
1-puK'ou aomw'ou Cme'ou Zd0g'ou um,'ou bm0'ou [',0wK'ou [laom S 10-ckaygif; kyfuvmyf 7-ckwYkd t&tm;jzifh kyaygif; 70-jzpfonf/ f 2-uHtaxmufyhH Sdaompdw?f xkpwaMumifh jzpfaomw&m;-[k teuf,yg? aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ d d f l
rSwfcsuf
1-0dnmPuEmt&m jycJNh yD;jzpfaomfvnf; t&myif tvG,wul Munfem;vnfEiap&ef twGuf f h I kd f pdwf 89-yg;udk tusOf;csKyf a&wGujf yOD;tH/ h tukovpwf 12? t[dwpwf 18? umrm0p&aombepdwf 24? lyg0p&pdwf 15? tlyg0p&pdwf 12? kd f d f d avmukw&mpdwf 8? taygif; pdwf 89-yg; jzpf\/ xdwif tukodkvfpdwf 12-yg;[lonfrm aomre[*kwf (Tivef;0rf;omrIEihf wuGjzpfaom) k G S f S 'd|*wor,wf (t,lrm;ESihf ,SOaom) tocFg&dupdwf (wduwe; tm;ay;&jcif; rSyJ xufoefpm jzpfaompdw) d k S f k f G f d G f wck? oocFg&dupdwf (wduwe;tm;ay;&aompdw) wck? aomreo[*kwf 'd|*w0dy,wf (t,lrm;ESihf k f G f f d k S r,SOaom) tocFg&dupdwf wck? oocFg&dupdwf wck? aygif; aomreo[*kwf pdwf 4-ck? xkYd twlyif f Oayumo[*kwf (vspfvsLIrEihf wuGjzpfaom) pdwf 4-ck - [laom avmbrlpwf 8-ck? I S d a'greo[*kwf (ESv;romrIEiwuG jzpfaom) tocFg&du pdwwck? oocFg&dupdwf wck - [laom kH S hf f a'gorlpwf 2-ck? d Oayumo[*kwf 0dpupmor,wf (,H;rSm;ESihf ,SOaom) pdwwck? Oayumo[*kwf O'por,wf d d k k f f k (ysYH virEihf ,SOaom) pdwf wck [laom arm[rlpwf 2-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ G hf I S f d t[dwpwf 18-yg;[lonfrm Oayumo[*kwf puK0dnmPf? xkYd twl aomw0dnmPf? Cme 0dnmPf? f d S Zd0g0dnmPf? 'kuo[*kwf (ud,qif;&JEiwuG jzpfaom) um,0dnmPf? Oayumo[*kwf or#pKd ef;pdw?f S k f S hf d Oayumo[*kwf oE&Ppdwf - [laom tukov-0dyguf 7-ck? D Oayumo[*kwf puK0dnmPf? xdYk twl aomw0dnmPf? Cme0dnmPf? Zd0g0dnmPf? okcao[*kwf S (ud,csr;omESiwuG jzpfaom) um,0dnmPf? Oayumo[*kwf or#pKd ef;pdw?f Oayumo[*kwf oE&Ppdw?f k f f hf d D aomreo[*kwf oE&Ppdwf - [laom ukov0dygufpdwf 8-ck? D
248
Oayumo[*kwf yO'g&m0Ze;pdw?f Oayumo[*kwf G f [odwyg'fpwf [laom ud&,mpdwf 3-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ k d d
raem'Gg&m
0Ze;pdw?f f
aomreo[*kwf
umrm0p&aombepdwf 24-yg;[lonfrm aomreo[*kwf Por,wf (PfEi,Oaom) S k S hf S f tocFg&pdwf wck? oocFg&dupdwf wck? aomreo[*kwf P0dy,wf (PfEihf r,SOaom) tocFg&dupdwf k S f wck? oocFg&dupdwf wck? aygif; aomre[*kwf pdwf 4-ck? xkYd twl Oayumo[*kwf pdwf 4-ck-[laom r[mukovpwf 8-ck?xdkYtwl r[m0dygufpwf 8-ck? r[mud&,mpdwf 8-ck wdYk yif jzpfonf/ kd f d d d lyg0p&pdwf 15-yg;[lonfrm yXrpsmefpw?f 'kw,psmefpw?f wwd,psmefpw?f pwkwpsmefpw?f S d d d d d yOrpsmefpwf [laom lyg0p& ukodkvfpdwf 5-ck? xdkYtwl 0dygufpdwf 5-ck? ud&,mpdwf 5-ckwYkd yif jzpfonf/ d d tlyg0p&pdwf 12-yg;[lonfrm tmumomeOm,wepdw?f 0dnmPO,wepdw?f tmudOnm,we pdw?f S ae0onmemonm,wepdwf [laom ukovpwf 4-ck? xdYk twl 0dygufpwf 4-ck? ud&,mpdwf 4-ck wdYk yif kd f d d d jzpfonf/ avmukw&mpdwf 8-yg;[lonfrm aomwmywr*fpw?f ou'g*grdr*fpw?f tem*grdr*fpw?f t&[w S d d d d r*fpwf [laom ukovpwf 4-ck? aomwmywzvpw?f ou'g*grdzvpw?f tem*grdzvpw?f t&[wzvpwf d kd f d d kd f d kd f d kd f d kd f d [laom 0dygufpwf 4-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-pmzwfowYdk Si;Si;vif;vif; odv,ap&eftwGuf *gxmrS t"dyg,frQudom,l odv,aom l f f G f k G f enf;jzifh jyefqxm;onf/ o'genf;t& wdwusus jyefvQifum; atmufygtwdi; jzpf\/ kd d k f xdpwwYkd wif 32-yg;aom pdwwYdk uif;? 26-yg;aom pdwwYdk uif;? 19-yg;aom pdwwYkd uif;? 16-yg; k d f G f kd f kd f kd aom pdwwYkd uif;? 19-yg;aom pdwwYdk uif;? 16-yg;aom pdwwYdk uif; kyf &d,mykxf 0dnwfukd jzpfapwwf f kd f kd f kd aom pdwf rjzpfapaompdwwYdk[k odtyfue\/ f k f 2-yO'g&0Ze;pdwrS wyg;aom - [kqvonf/ G f f kd dk 3-]]0dygufMuOfaom}} [lonfrm 0dygufpwukd z,fxm; xkrwyg;aom[k qkvonf/ tbdnmOf pdwrm S d f d S d kd f S lyukovf ud&,myOrpsmefpw twGi;0ifaomaMumifif; aS; 32-yg;aom pdwtpk yg0ifcNhJ yD; jzpfaomaMumifh kd d d f f h f if; xdk tbdnmOfuvnf; MuOf&m xnfoi;oifonf [lif;? wenf;tm;jzifh ]]<uif;aom}}[k qdxm;&m kd h G f h k qdNk yD;rS <uif;aom [k t"dyg,f&aomaMumifh xnfoi;&ef rvd-[lif;? #Dum 2-enf;jyqd\/ h G f k k
rSwfcsuf
1-yO'g&m0Ze;ESihf or#pKd ef;pdwf 2-ckwYdkukd raem"mwf-[k ac:onf/ G f d 2-a'G;yO0nmPf 10-ckEihf raem"mwf 3-ckrS wyg;aom pdwf 76-yg;udk raem0dnmPf"mwf ac:onf/ d S xkwif aomreo[*kwf oE&P pdwonf t[dw0ygufvnf; jzpfaomaMumifh if;udk ]]t[dw0yguf d G D f f d f d aomreo[*kwf raem0dnmP"mwf}}[k qkonf/ d 3-pdwEi,Oaom a0'emuEm onmuEm ocFg&uEm 3-yg;udk qdkonf/ f S hf S f
rSwfcsuf
1-Oy - wPSm'd|wYdk uyfa&mufEiaom avmuDuu + tm'dE - tusKd;tjzpfjzifh ,ltyfaom w&m; = d kd f H Oyg'dE-avmuDu\ tusKd;w&m;/ uryp,pdwork|mefpaom kyonfvnf; uHvQif taMumif;&if; SaomaMumifh H f d urZ[laom trnfonfvnf; jzpfEi\? xkYd aMumifh Oyg'dE - yk'jf zifh xyf txl;yonf[k #Dum qd\/ dS kd f k
249
rSwfcsuf
1-Oayumo[*kwf oED&P 2-ck [laom t[dwfy#doaE 2-ck? r[m0dygufP0dy,kwf 4-ck [laom 'G[wy#doaE 4-ck? r[m0dygufPor,wf 4-ck [laom umrwd[wf y#doaE 4-ck? lyg0dyguf 5-ck? d d f k d tly0dyguf 4-ck? 19-yg;aom y#doaEpwK yg'fwYdk ukd qkonf/ b0ifEihf pkwpwwYdk rmvnf; 19-yg;yif d d S d d f S jzpfonf/ 2-wb0vH;\ tpdwtydi;jzpfaom (b0 + t*F - b0*F) b0iftjzpfjzifh jzpfom;onf-[k qdv\/ k f k f G k kd 3-pkwpwf jzpfom;onf-[k qdv\/ d d G k kd 4-r[m0dygufpwf 8-ckEihf OayumoE&Ppdwf 2-ckukd &nf umr0p&jzpfaom pdwK yg'f-[k qkonf? d S D d tjynftpHtm;jzifrum; aomreo[*kwf oE&PESiwuG 11-yg;aom pdwukd w'gkpw[k rSwtyf\/ h k h l D hf f H d f f 5-y#doaEpwf aemif yXrb0ifrp pkwwiatmif tquftjywfjzpfaeaom umvudk y0wumv-[k d S d kd f d ac:onf/ 6-pum;&yfjzifh taMumif; 4-yg;vHk; nDwrS puK0dnmPf jzpfEionfukd jy\/ xdktaMumif; 4-yg;rSm G f kd f puKyom'kyf rysufjcif;? tqif; lygkH xifay:jcif;? tvif;a&mifjdS cif;? ESv;oGi;rdjcif;wkYd yif jzpfonf/ kH f xkYd twl aomw0dnmPfonfvnf; aomwyom' rysufjcif;? toHtmkH xifay:jcif;? tmumoSjd cif;? ESv;oGi;rdjcif; taMumif; 4-yg; nDwrS jzpfonf? xdwif tmumoSjd cif; [lonfrm toHjzpfay:&m t&yfrS kH f G f k G S em;aygufxJ txd tydwtqdYk rSyJ [if;vif; yGivsufjdS cif;udk qdonf/ f d hf k Cme0dnmPfonfvnf; Cmeyom' rysufjcif;? teHYtmkH xifay:jcif;? avkyukd rS&jcif;? ESv;oGi;rdjcif; f D kH f taMumif; 4-yg; nDwrS jzpfonf? xdwif avkyukd rS&jcif; [lonfrm teHYukd o,f,vmaom av\ G f k G f D S l ESmacgif;twGi;odYk 0ifa&mufjcif;udk qdonf/ f k Zd0g0dnmPfonfvnf; Zd0gyom' rysufjcif;? &omkxifay:jcif;? tmayg tpd"mwfukd rS&jcif;? ESv;oGi;rd S S H k D kH f jcif; taMumif; 4-yg; nDwrS jzpfonf? xdwif tmaygtpd"mwfukd rS&jcif;[lonfrm vQmudk pdpwapaom G f k G k D S k G f tmayg"mwf tpd"mwfukd &jcif;yif jzpfonf/ k um,0dnmPfonfvnf; um,yom' rysujf cif;? awGYxp&m azm|AmkH xifay:jcif;? yx0D"mwfukd d rS&jcif;? ESv;oGi;rdjcif; taMumif; 4-yg; nDwrS jzpfonf? xdwif yx0D"mwfukd rS&jcif; [lonfrm D kH f G f k G D S um,yom'\ rS&mjzpfaom yx0D"mwfukd &jcif;yifwnf;/ D raem0dnmPfonfvnf; pdwEv;[k ac:aom b0if\ rysufjcif;? oabmtmkH xifay:jcif;? 0wKkyukd f S kH f rS&jcif;? ESv;oGi;rdjcif; taMumif; 4-yg; nDwrS jzpfonf/ b0ifpwonf rdr\ tjcm;rJ ESv;oGi; D kH f G f d f d h kH f qifjcifrI tm0Ze;pdwukd rjzpfapEdivQif ysuonf rnf\? jzpfapEdivQif rysuonf rnf\/ 0wKkyukd rS&jcif; f f k f f k f f f D [lonfrm ESv;om;twGi; wnfaom [',0wKac:aom kyukd rS&jcif;yif jzpfonf/ S kH f dS f D
rSwfcsuf
1-XDcP .... wdkufcdkuf\-[k pyfyg/ jzpfay:qJjzpfaom puKyom' lygkH rxifEi?f wnfqXcPodYk kd J D a&mufrS xifonf[k qdv\/ k dk 2-jzpfqygkonfvnf; puK'Gg& rxifEiao;? XDoYkd a&mufromvQif xifEionf? xkYd aMumifh ]]XDcPodYk J l H kd f S kd f a&mufonfomvQif jzpfaom}}-[k txl;uefYowf jyqdonf k
250
rSwfcsuf
1-wducuf - [lonfrm xifay:jcif;yif jzpfonf/ k f kd S 2-tvdrStyfaom ted|mkH raumif;aom tmkjH zpfvQif tukov\tusKd; tukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf k d kd f jzpfay:\? tvdtyfaom |mkH aumif;aomtmkjH zpfvQif ukov\tusKd; ukov0dyguf puK0dnmPfjzpfay:\? k dS kd f odYk tmkH tqd; taumif; tm;avsmfpm wckck jzpfonf? xkYd aMumifh ]]aomfif;}}-[k 0duyfEihf jyqdayonf/ k G S k 3-vnf; tmkH tqd; taumif; tm;avsmfpm tukov0dyguf or#pKd ef; ukov0dyguf or#pKd ef; k G d d wckcjk zpfonf-[k rSwtyf\? wenf;um; tukov0dyguf puK0dnmPf\ aemuf tukov0dyguf or#pKd ef; f d jzpfonf/ uko0dyguf puK0dnmPf\ aemuf ukov0dyguf or#pKd ef; jzpfonf-[k odYk vnf; rSw,Ei\/ d f l kd f oE&P jzpfyvnf; enf;wlyifwnf;/ D kH 4-omref|mk ukov0dyguf Oayumo[*kwf oE&P jzpfonf? tvGeaumif;aom bk&m;tpSaom H D f d twd|mk aomreo[*kwf oE&P jzpfonf-[k txl;udvnf; rSwtyf\/ H D k f 5-umrm0p& ukodkvfpdwf 8 ? tukovpwf 12-ck? [odwyg'fEihf r[mud&,mpdwf [laom ud&,m -ck kd f d k S d d pdwf 9-ck? pdwf 29-yg;udk umraZm 29-[k ac:onf/ aocgeD;umv awGa0 rde;armaeaom umvwkYd aZm f 5-Budrom jzpfonf? <uif;aom umvwkYd 7-Budrf jzpfonf/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-0ka|mudpwwfaom raem'Gg&m0Ze;pdwu&nf ]]Oayumo[*kwf t[dwpw}f }[k qkonf? if;pdwf f f kd f d d onf tmkrxifm;ojzifh aZmusEdiavmufatmif rqH;jzwfEiaomtcg if; 0ka|mpdwonfyif 2-Budrf 3-Budrf H S k f k kd f f jzpfNyD;vQif b0ifusoGm;onf? odYk aom 0Dx0g&udk 'kw, armC0g&[k ac:onf? 0gusud&nf qdonf[k d d k k #Dum jyqd\/ k 2-ESm 208-rSwcsuf 4-jycJaom w'gkpwf 11-yg;yif jzpfonf/ f h H d 3-aZmESitmkwYdk tm; avsmfpm[lonfum; wd[waZm jzpfvQif wd[wfw'gkHaomfif; 'dG[dwfw'gkHaomf hf H G d f d if;jzpf\-odYk ponfjzifh aZmtm;avsmfpmif;? |mkjH zpfvQif aomre o[*kwf w'gkjH zpf\-odkY G ponfjzifh tmktm;avsmfpmif; (odYk qv\) - (r[m#DumtzGi)/ #DumtzGi |mk aomrew'gkH H G dk kd hf hf H 5-ck? |rZwmk ukov0dyguf Oayumw'gkH 5-ck? ted|mkH tukov0dyguf OayumoE&Pw'gkH H D jzpfonf-[k qdvaMumif; xifm;\/ aZmtm;avsmfpm w'gkjH zpfyum; rxifm;ao;ay/ #DumwGiyif k kd S G kH S f cEea'o 0dnmPuEm tzGi atmufygtwdi; jyqdc\/ d hf k f k hJ w'gkjH zpfy qdvwHonfum; ude;ao owfrwcsufwnf; .... umrukovaZm avmbrl arm[rl kH k h f S f kd f aZm aomre o[*kwf ud&,maZmwdYk wif wyg;yg;\ tjcm;rJ twdr[Emk0,f aomrew'gkH 5-ck d G h H wdYk wif wckcaom w'gkjH zpf\? xdYk twl umrukovaZm tukovaZm Oayumo[*kwf ud&,maZmwdYk wif G k kd f kd f d G wyg;yg;\ tjcm;rJ Oayumw'gkH 6-ck wdYk wif wckcaom w'gkjH zpf\/ (r[m#Dum)/ h G k txufyg#Dumjzifh aomre ud&,maZmaemif aomrew'gkom jzpfonf? Oayumw'gkom d H H jzpfonf-[k ude;ao rSwtyf\? odYk aomf umrukovaZm avmbrl arm[rl aZmwkYd aemifrmrlum; uefYowfcsuf f f kd f S rSdaomaMumifh w'gkH 11-ckwYkd wif trSwrSd wckcjk zpfonf[om od&\/ tbd"rwo*F[usrf;vnf; G f l twdi;yif jyqdxm;\/ k f k "rouFPygVdawmf\ tzGihf t|omvdernfaom tbd"rm t|uxmBuD; aZmjzifw'gkukd owfrw D D h H S f jyqdxm;onfrm .... |mk r[mukovf yXrpdwaZmaemif xdEitvm;wlaom r[m0dyguf yXrpdww'gk?H k S H kd f k S hf f xdYk twl r[mukovf 'kw, wwd, pwkwpwaZm wdYk aemiftpOftwdi; t[m0dyguf 'kw, wwd, pwkwpwf kd d d f k f d d w'gkrsm;? |rZwmk r[mukovf OayumaZm 4-ckaemif tpOftwdi; r[m0dyguf Oayumw'gkH 4-ck H H kd k f
251
jzpfonf-[lif;? t[dwfyk*dK vftm; |mkH P0dy,kwf aomre aZm 2-ckaemif aomreoE&Pw'gk?H D |rZwmk P0dy,wf OayumaZm 2-ckaemif ukov 0dyguf OayumoE&Pw'gkH jzpfonf [lif;? H k D |mkH avmbrl aomreaZm 4-ckaemif aomre oE&Pw'gk?H |rZwmk avmbrlOayumaZm 4-ck D H ESihf a'gorlaZm 2-ckaemif ukov0dyguf Oayum oE&Pw'gkH jzpfonf-[kif;? |mk a'goaZmusvQif D H w'gkrjzpf - [lif;? arm[rlaZm 2-ckaemif |mk aomreoE&P w'gk?H |rZwmk ukov 0dyguf H H D H OayumoE&P w'gkH jzpfonf-[lif; jyqdNk yD;vQif ukovf aZmaemifrmuJoYkd yif ud&,m aZmwdYk aemifvnf; D kd S h d w'gkH jzpfoifonf - [lif;? ukovaZm 0DxwYdk \ tMum; tukovaZm 0DwusvQif xdk tukovaZm\ h kd f d kd f d kd f tjcm;rJvnf; wd[wf w'gkH jzpfwwfao;onf - [lif; jyqd\/ t&m ]]aZmtm;avsmfpm}} [laom h d k G pum;wpdwjf zifh t|omvde jyqdcsuukd &nfe;[efSd\/ rlv#Dumum; ud&,maZm aemifw'gkH rjzpfoifD k f T f d h [k qk\/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-aomw'Gg& puK0dnmPft&mwGif aomw0dnmPfuif;? Cme'Gg& Cme0dnmPfuif;? Zd0g'Gg& kd kd S Zd0g0dnmPfuif;? um,'Gg& um,0dnmPfuif; vJv,xnfoi;,lrQom xl;onf? xkYd aMumifh ]]<uif;aom S kd kd S f h G f Hk 'Gg&wkYd vnf; enf;yifwnf;}}[k qdavonf/ odYk aomf raem'Gg&rlum; xifay:vmaom tmkH 6-yg;udk k aS;OD;pGm qifjcifvsuf raem'Gg&m0Ze;pdwjf zpfNyD;vQif xdpw\ tjcm;rJ aZmpdwrsm; jzpfavonf? odYk f k d f h f pdwtpOfjzpfyvnf; xl;jcm;ao;\/ f kH
rSwfcsuf
1-lyg0p&ukovf ud&,maZmpdwf 10-ck? tlyg0p&ukovf ud&,maZmpdwf 8-ck[aom r[*Kwf dk d kd d l aZmpdwf 18-ckwYdk ukd &nf ]]r[*KwfpwwYdk onfvnf; jzpfue\}}[k qdonf/ raem'Gg& avmukw&m aZm d f k f k 8-ck wkYd onfvnf; jzpfMuao;\/ odYk aomf 0dyemItyfaom w&m;r[kwaomaMumifh if;wkYd ukd rjyyJ f csexm;onf jzpf&m\/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-NrJaomoabm rSjd cif;onfomvQif NrJonftjzpfukd jiif;y,fjcif; rnf\? rSeay\? rNrJaom w&m; f wkYd onf xdrNrJaom rdr\ oabmjzifyifvQif odaom yk*Kd vfwYdktm; NrJonf tjzpfukd jiif;y,fonf rnfue\ k d h k f (#Dumbmomjyef)/ rNrJaom oabmudk odjrifaom yk*Kd vfwYkd tm; xdrNrJaom w&m;wdYk u ]]uREfywYdk ukd NrJonf[k k k f trsm;u xifaeMuaomfvnf; oifwYdk odjrifonfh twdi;yif uREkywYdk uawmh rNrJMuyg}}[k 0efcvsuf NrJonfh k f f f H tjzpfukd jiif;y,fMuouJoYkd jzpfonf[k qdvonf/ h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ud&-yk'ukd owwf-owJ-wqifMh um;&onfum;[k jyefMuonfrmvnf; ]]qdMk u\}} [laom pum;ESihf f h S nDrQ\/ xkYd aMumifh ud&-yk'ukd qdMk u\-[k jyefxm;onf/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-]](awmfovif;vjynftxd) ESpvtwGi;}} [k qdxm;aomaMumifh 0dye&wkukd 0gqdvjynfausmf h f f k k h 1-&ufaeYrp a&wGutyf\/ <uif;aom&wkwYkd vnf; enf;wlyif jzpfonf/ S f
252
rSwfcsuf
1- oGm;qJ jyefqJ wnfwnfMh unfqJ paom tpOfrm a'oemtpOfrQom jzpfonf? 0dyem Iaom h h S umvum; jzpfay:pOftwdi;omvQif Ityf\? Iytus,fukd 0dyemIenf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy) 118k f kH d d f (owrESy) 126- Munfhyg/ d f 2-t&m ]&yfwnfvsufaom wzufajcqDoYkd qGaqmifvmjcif;udk twd[&P - aqmifjcif;[lif;? dS J wzufajcudk ausmfve aSYoYkd vSr;jcif;udk 0Dw[&P-ausmfve aqmifjcif;[lif;}} rlv#Dum cGjJ cm;zGijhf y G f f d G f ao;\? xdk zGijhf ycsut&qdvQif 0Dw[&P-ausmfve vSr;jcif;udk ajcvSr;wdi; &Ediaumif;aomaMumifh xdk f k d G f f f k f k f tzGiuom oifavsmfouJoYkd S\/ hf h h d
rSwfcsuf
1-Oyrm rD;pmudk oH;ydi;ydi; wydi;rS tjcm;wydi;odYk ra&mufonfukd qdvonf/ k k f k f k f k f k kd 2-0gus vlav;a,mufwdkYu aS;aS;vl\ Oyrmudk y,fNyD;vQif om odrarGYaom OyrmwkYd ukd f toD;toD; ajymqdykH tusOf;csKH; jyxm;onf/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-jrifqcP ponfwYdk puK'Gg&ponf xifm;ojzifh xd'g&wkYd yg0ifaom urZkytaygif; xifm; J S k G f S onf-[k qdvonf/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-puK'Gg& jzpfaom kyonf-[k qdonfrm ]]jrifqcP jzpfaom kyonf}}[k qdv\? ]]aomw'Gg&odYk f k S J f k kd ra&mufr }}[k qdonfrm ]]Mum;qJcPodYk ra&mufr}}[k qdv\/ yuwdy*Kd vfwYkd rm jrifNyD;vQif Mum;aomtcg l k S l k kd k S jrifpOfukyonf Mum;qJwiatmif SNd rJ Saeonf-[k xifMu\? a,m*Drm rlum; jrifpOfukyonf Mum;qJoYkd f kd f d S f ra&mufr xdjk rifpOfyifvQif csKyfom;onf-[k udk,fydkifPfjzifhyif od I\? odYk Iyukd jyonf/ aemufy'wYkd l G kH k f vnf; enf;wlyifwnf;/ vnf; tpOfrm a'oemtpOf rQom jzpfonf? 0dyemIaom a,m*Donfum; S jzpfpOftwdi; tjynftpHyif Ityf\/ Iytus,fukd 0dyem Ienf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy) 123 (owrESy) k f h k kH d d f d f 134- Munfhyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-touf csrf;om qif;&JEihf pdwwYdk rS <uif;aom kyemrf w&m;taygif;udk twabm-[k qkonf/ S f f d
rSwfcsuf
1- jrefrmpum; teuft"dyg,f acsmap&ef ygVd0bwfaemufoYkd rvdur twdcsKyf jyefxm;onf/ d k f l k 0dbwfaemufoYkd vdu jyefvQif ]]twdwf tjcm;rJ ysufavukeNf yD;aom tMuifcEmwkYd onf Sue\? xdcEmwkYd \ k f h d k f k if; tem*wftjcm;rJ ysufuevwHaom tMuif cEmwkYd onf Sue\? xdk cEmwdYk \if;}} [l jzpfonf/ h k f h d k f 2-]]jzpfNyD;aom xdw&m;wdYk }} [lonfum; XDcPodYk a&mufqjJ zpfaom w&m;wkYd yif jzpfonf/ k
253
rSwfcsuf
1-qHyifukd Iaom emrfw&m;wkYd onf arG;ni;udk IqoYkd ra&muf? arG;ni;udk Iaom emrfw&m;wkYd onf f J f ajconf; vufonf;udk IqoYkd ra&muf - odYk ponfjzifh wyg;wyg;aom tzdYk rS tjcm; wyg;wyg;aom tzdYk oYkd J ra&mufuer -[k qdvonf/ k f l k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-uvmy-taygif;vduf tm;jzifh oH;oyfyEihf ,ru-tpHtm;jzifh oH;oyfy-ESprsKd;wdYk onf wlouJoYkd k k kH S k k kH f h Sdukef\/ z a0'em tpSaom wckcaom w&m;udrQ xifm;pGm rIryJ zyOruw&m; taygif;udk d k k S d taygif;vdutm;jzifh Ijcif;onf uvmytm;jzifh oH;oyfonf rnf\/ z a0'em tpSaom wckcaom k f k d k w&m;udk xifm;od if;udk y"meyojzifh ,ru tm;jzifh oH;oyfonf rnf\-[k odYk cGjJ cm;,loif\/ S k h xkYd aMumifyif ,rutm;jzifh oH;oyfyukd jy&m ]]xdo;oyfaom pdwuvnf; wyg;aom aemufpwjf zifh h k kH k kH f kd d oH;oyf\}}-[k pdwukd y"mey jyqdxm;ayonf/ k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-r[m0dyem 18-yg;wkdY\ teuft"dyg,f tus,fukd odvvQif 0dyemIenf;usrf; tcPf; (7) kd Munfhyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVd oAmyd - [laom yk't& tvH;pHvnf;jzpfaom - [k twdtus jyefxm;onf? xdwif ydo'gjzifh f k k k G ]]0dyemtvH;pHk taygif;vdutm;jzifomvQif t"dynm"r0yemrnfonf r[kwao;? 0dyem wpdwwydi; k k f h d f f k f vnf; t"dynm"r 0dyem rnfao;onf}}[k jy\/ jrefrmbmom pum;um; odYk aom toH;rSay? k d tvH;pHaom-[k omrnqkrQjzifyif ]]tvH;pHvnf; rnfonf? wpdwwydi;vnf; rnfonf}} [laom xdteufukd k k d Hk h k k f k f k &\? xdYk aMumifh ygVdenf;udk rvduvorsm;? odYk r[kwf rvduEiorsm;rSm vufonf; uGi;twGi;u pmvH;rsm;udk k f kd l k f kd f l f f k ausmfNyD;vQif ]]tvH;pHaom}}-[l zwfom;Edi&ef ygVdenf;t& twdtus jyefcsufukd vufonf;uGi;jzifh ydi;jcm; k k G k f f k f xm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-xka,m*Donf .... wzufurf;odYk a&muf .... tm;xkwfjcif;udk y\-[k pyfyg/ d 2-tjcm;rJ .... a[mawmfrl (tyf)\-[k pyfyg/ h 3- ay,smvudk pmrsufEm 284- azmfjyonfh enf;twdi;azmf&rnf? O',A,Pf\t&m S k f jzpfaomaMumifh tjzpftysuo;jcm;r&Ediaom Zmwd Z&m r&P xdatmif razmfyJ b0txdom azmfjyxm;onf? f D k f rQom xl;onf/
254
rSwfcsuf
1-emrf kyf\vnf; .... vmjcif;rnfonf rSacs?-[k pyfyg/ d 2-emrf kyf\vnf; .... oGm;jcif;rnfonf rSacs?-[k pyfyg/ d 3-emrf kyf\vnf; .... wnfSdaejcif; rnfonf rSdacs?-[k pyfyg/ 4-Oy0DP-yk'ukd tbd"mefusrf;wkYd apmif;vnfwi?f apmif;ud;&pf&m ikwwi-[l jyefq\? um; f kd f kd f kd ]]0DPmac: apmif;udif; Oy0DPmac:aom t&mudif; pGr apmif;oH jzpfay:vmonf}}-[k qdxm;aomaMumifif; k k J DS k h apmif;vnfwiEihf apmif;ud;&pf&m ikwwiwYkd onf 0DPmac: apmif;t&xJom yg0ifoifaomaMumihif; xdk kd f S f kd f h f teufrsm; roifay? #Dum 0DPm0g'e - apmif;wD;p&m vufcuf-[k zGijhf yxm;\? xdk zGijhf ycsuomvQif oifavsmf h f h ayonf/ odkYjzpf ]] vufcwfudkif;}} [l jyefqdkvdkufonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-yNyD;vQifwzef ..... ig;q,faomvuPmwkYd \ tpGrf;tm;jzifh ..... tus,ftm;jzifh ESvHk;oGi;jcif;udk f y\-[k pyfyg/ 2-tus,f a0bef&m .... tMuif ig;q,faom vuPmwkYd ukd a[mawmfrl (tyfue)\-[k pyfyg/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-ESpfyg;tjym;tm;jzifh .... Ijrifaom-[k pyfyg/ 2-xka,m*D\ .... jrifjcif;aywnf;-[k pyfyg/ d 3-taMumif;tm;jzifh ..... jrifjcif;aywnf;-[k pyfyg/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ 4-cPtm;jzifh .... jrifjcif;aywnf;-[k pyfyg? aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/
rSwfcsuf
1-odkYjzpf ..... xdka,m*Dtm; .... Ijrifjcif;jzifh .... xifSm;\-[k pyfyg/ 2-qkdcJhonfhtwdkif; .... ESpfyg;tjym;tm;jzifh - Ijrifaom-[k pyfyg/ 3-taMumif;tm;jzifh .... Ijrifjcif;-[k pyfyg/ xkoYkd Ijrifjcif;jzifh ork',opm xifm;onf[k qdvkd d S k onf/ aemuf ]]cPtm;jzif}h } [l&mvnf; enf;wlyif pyf teuft"dyg,f ,lyg/ 4-aS;urod&ao;aom teuft"dyg,fukd ,cku,yiPfjzifh oabmayguf odonfuyif ]]xd;xGif; kd f kd f kd k odonf}}[k qdkonf/ 5-ygVd&if;-yp,0wH-t&-taMumif;Saom w&m;wkYd [onfrm taMumif;ESipyfaom (taMumif;aMumifh d l S hf jzpfaom) tusKd;w&m;wdYk yif jzpfonf/
255
rSwfcsuf
1-]]t0dZmaMumifh ocFg&wkYd jzpfue\? ocFg&aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpf\}} odYk ponfjzifh jzpfpOftwdi; k f k f a[mxm;aom taMumif;tusKd;quf w&m;udk tEkvkH y#dporkyg'fac:onf/ 2-]]t0dZmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&wkYd csKyfue\? ocFg&wkYd csKyfjcif;aMumifh 0dnmPfcsKyf\}} odYk ponfjzifh k f a[mxm;aom taMumif;tusKd; tqufquf csKyfjywfyw&m;udk y#dvHk y#dporkyg'f ac:onf/ kH 3-aS;b0u taMumif;uHaMumifh aemufb0 kyemrftpOfonf jzpf&m\? odYk jzpf&m aS;b0ESihf f aemufb0onf taMumif;tusKd;qufpyfvsuf kyemrftpOf oEmef wckwnf; jzpfaomaMumifh aS;b0 taMumif;uH f udk yolEihf aemufb0 xdu\tusK;udk cHpm;&aomolukd wa,mufwnf;yif[k ,l&\? odYk ,l&aMumif; S k H d jzpfaom enf;udk {uwenf;[k ac:onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-'d|0o'jd zpfpOfuyifvQif 'd|ukd tMurf;tm;jzifh y,fcgcJNh yD;jzpfaomfvnf; Pftqif xdYk xuf d d k d G h odrarGYaom 'd|uy,fcgjyefaomaMumifh ]]omaumif;pGmy,f\}} [k qdkonf/ f d kd G 2-b0a[mif;u kyemrfonf xdb0a[mif;yifvQif tvH;pHcsKyfc\? b0opfSaom kyemrftpOfonf f k k k hJ d f xdk b0opfomvQif topfjzpfay:vmaom kyemrftpOfjzpf\? xdYk aMumifh b0a[mif;u kyemrftpOf oEmefu f f wjcm; b0opfu kyemrftpOfoEmefu wjcm;[lvnf; cGjJ cm; ,l&\? odYk wjcm;pD[k cGjJ cm; ,l&aMumif; f jzpfaom enf;udk emewenf;[k ac:onf/ 3-ocFg&wkYd jzpfatmif igyrnf[k t0dZmtm; aMumifMh uAsmyg&rS?d y#doaE0nmPfjzpfatmif igwdYk yrnf[k d uHocFg&wkYd tm; aMumifMh uAsmyg&rS?d odYk ponfjzifh tusKd;w&m;wkYd jzpfay:atmif taMumif;w&m;wdYk aMumifMh u Asmyg&rS[k ,l& od&aMumif; jzpfaom enf;udk tAsmyg&enf;[k ac:onf/ d 4-t0dZm tpSaom qdi&mqdi&m taMumif;w&m;wdYk aMumifh ocFg&tpSaom qdi&mqdi&m tusKd;w&m; d k f k f d k f k f wkYd onfomvQif jzpfay:uke\? rqdiaom taMumif;w&m;wkYd aMumifh rqdiaom tusK;w&m;wkYd rjzpfue[k f k f k f d k f ,l&od&aomenf;udk {0H"rwmenf;-[k ac:onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-ocFww&m;wkYd \ jzpfjcif; tcdutwefYrQwnfjcif; ysufjcif;[laom Oyg'fXbif - oHk;yg;onf k f D ocFww&m;[k rSw&aMumif;jzpfaomaMumifh ocFwvuPm rnf\/ f 2-xdka,m*Dtm; .... xifay:ukef\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-rQ (tm;xkwcaom bm0em tpDt&if)jzifh [l&m bm0em tpDt&if [lonfrm ]]jzpfay:qJjzpfaom f hJ S kyonf ypKyernf\}} odYk tpSaom ygVdenf;udk tpOfvuaomfif; ]]twdwjf zpfap tem*wfjzpfap ypKyef f f d kd f jzpfap tMuifwpHwckaom kyonf\}} odkY tpSdaom ygVdenf;udk tpOfvuaomfif; tjzpftysufukd k dS kd f xd;xGi; odonfwiatmif tm;xkwcaom bm0emtpDt&ifaywnf;/ k f kd f f hJ
256
rSwfcsuf
1-jzpfay:ukeonfomvQiwnf;? rjzpfay:ukeonf r[kw-rjzpfay:yJ aeMuonf[ rS?d tb,faMumifh f f f f l h enf;[lr Mobmopaom OyuavowkYd rjzpfvQif xdk a,m*Dy*Kd vftm; r*gr*P'e 0do'd jzpfcihf l d k k G rSaomaMumifh aywnf;/ (#DumtzGi) d hf
rSwfcsuf
1-tjyife&\twGi;vnf; tv,fcef;tjzpfjzifh ywfvnfvnvsuf um&Hxm;aom twGi;eH&H 1-ck H H f S hf f SaomaMumifh xdk eH&H 2-ckwYkd \ tMum; vSnvnfom;Ediaom ywfvnf;pBucef; jzpfvsuonf? odYk jzpf d hf G k f f dS twGi;eH&twGi; tv,fA[dk tcef;xJ xdiaeMuaom rax&f 2-yg;rSm yuwdtvif;a&mif rSaMumif; odap&ef f H f k f d ]]eH&H 2-xyfaom}}[k txl;azmfjyonf/ dS 2-t*Fgav;yg;Sdaom tarSmif[l&m t*Fgav;yg; [lonfrSm (1) 14-&ufajrmuf vuG,OykoaeY f f jzpfjcif;? (2) nOfoef;acgiftcsdef jzpfjcif;? (3) xlxyfaom awmtkytv,f jzpfjcif;? (4) rdC;wdrf zH;tkyvsuf h f k f k f Sjd cif;-t*Fgav;yg; jzpfaMumif; yg&mZduu@ t|uxm ponf qd\/ r[meda'o ygVdum; xdk 4-yg; k wkYd wif oef;acgif tcsdetpm; ol&a,m 0g tw*awm ae0ifNyD;aom tcsde-[k omref nOhtcsdeukd jyxm;\/ G f d F f f f 3-oD[moe - jrwfaomae&m[lonfum; apwD,ifjyif ylaZmfaomyef;wkYd wifxm;&mjzpfaom yvif cHae&m jzpfonf/ if;cH\ tajcatmufp jcaoF\ vufonf; ajconf;rsm;ESiwuG vufajcyHoPmef k k h hf k yxm;onf-[l\/
rSwfcsuf
1-yDwd ig;rsKd;jzpfyukd tus,ftm;jzifh odvvQif 0dyem Ienf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ pmrsufEm (q|ESy) kH kd d S d f 167-(owrESy) 174- Munfyg/ tjcm; OyuavowkYd \ teuft"dyg,f tus,fuvnf; if;usrf;yif d f h d kd Munfygav/ h 2-vlwYkd Eihf rqdiaom - [lonfrm xdoYkdaom bm0emjzifh aysmarGYjcif;udk omrefvom;wkYd ra&mufEif S k f S k f l kd r&Edi?f O',A,PfEihf jynfpaom a,m*Dy*Kd vfwYdkonfomvQif &Ediaumif;aomaMumifh xdoYkdqayonf/ k S h kH k k f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ukoavm-ur|mef; uRr;usivrmaom? y@dawm - &ifusufaom PfynmSaom? Asawm f f d h d usr;*ef wwfoaom? Ak'oraEm - OyudavoESifh xdk Oyuavoudk okwoifrwYdk tjypftusKd;wkYd ukd odaom f d d d f I PfEihf jynfpaom-[k odYk tpOftwdi; 0do'r*f qdxm;aomfvnf; jrefrmpum; acsmarm ajyjypfap&ef S h kH k f k d k ]]wwfod vdrm ynmSaom todPfEihf jynfpaom}}[k twdcsKH; jyefqxm;onf/ d S h kH k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-jzpfjcif; oabmSjd cif; ysufjcif;oabmSjd cif; xdrwyg;aom oabmSjd cif;aMumif[k qkv\? ]]xdkrSwyg; k S h d kd aom oabmSjd cif;}} [lonfrm tpydi; - jzpfjcif;ESihf tqH;ydi; ysufjcif;wkYd rS wyg;aom tv,fyi;XD[k ac:aom S k f k k f kd f &ifa&mfjcif;oabmyif jzpfonf? if;udk ygVd tnxw[k qd\? xdygVd tm;avsmfpm ]]xdrwyg;aom h k k G k S oabm}}[k jyefqonf/ twdcsKyftm;jzifh qdvQif ]]Oyg'fXbif cPoH;yg; SaomaMumifh rNrJ}}-[k qdvonf/ kd k k D k d k dk
257
rSwfcsuf
1-Pfxufjrufonfjzpf aqmifom;yHk ocFg&w&m;wkYd vsifpmxifykH IorI Pf\jzpfjcif; wnfjcif; G G d ponfoYkd ra&mufr ukeq;oGm;jcif; aysmufu,om;jcif;[k ac:qdtyfaom ysufjcif;omvQif wnfywYkd ukd l f kH G f G k kH jyaom pum;pkonf O',A,PfrS b*FPfoYkd ajymif;yHukd jyaom pum;jzpfonf/ teuft"dyg,ftus,fukd k odvvQif 0dyemIenf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy) 181- (owrESy) 196 Munfyg/ kd d d f d f h
rSwfcsuf
1- ay,smvudk pmrsufEm 284-pwkw pmyd' azmfjyonfh enf;twdi; azmf&rnf/ S k f k f
rSwfcsuf
1-onfum; .... teufwnf;=[k pyfyg/ wkiatmif tzGirm ykpm\ teuftzGihf jzpfonf-[k d f hf S qdv\/ k kd 2-]]lyg&rPwm}} [laom yk'f kyfvQiftmkHSdaom [lif; kyfvQif tmkHSdonf\ tjzpf [lif; teufEprsKd; &Edi\? xdYk aMumifh odYk wenf;xyf zGijhf yonf/ odYk aomfvnf; kyvQif tmkonf\ tjzpf S f k f f H dS yg0ifaompdwonf kyvQif tmkaom pdw-kyukd tmkH yaom pdwyif jzpfonf? xkYd aMumifh ygVd\ jrefrmjyef f f H dS f f f yXrtzGifhudkom rlwnf ]]kyfvQif tmkHSdaom}}[k jyefqdkvdkufonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyemonfvnf; ..... y&dpm*y#ded* rnf\ ..... yuEey#ded* - rnf\ [k pyfyg/ ]] 0dyemudvnf;}} [k uHteuf jyefNyD;vQif ]]ac:qdtyf\}} [laom Bud,myk'Eivnf; pyfEi\/ k k f S hf kd f 2- teuft"dyg,f tus,fuovvQif 0dyemIenf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy)ESm 424-(owrESy) kd d kd d d f d f 452-ponfwYdk Munfyg/ h
rSwfcsuf
1-tpSdaom - [laom pum;jzifh 0d&m*gEkyem eda&m"mEkyem y#de*gEkyemwkYd ukd Tejf yonf/ d 2-xka,m*Donf .... ESv;oGi;jcif; Sonfjzpf ..... pGefY ysufjcif;udkomvQif Ijrif\-[k pyfyg/ d kH f d 3-jrifouJhodkYif; .... Ijrif\-[k pyfyg/ 4-jzpfjcif;udif; wnfjcif;udif; tqufrjywfjzpfaom kyemrft,Ofuif; yHoPmeferwuif; rjrif& k k f kd k d d f kd rawGY&onfuyif ]]pGeYf }}[k qdxm;onf? wrifwum pGeYf &onfum;r[kw?f ]]if;wkYd ukd rawGYrjrifawmhyJ Iwi; kd k kd f Iwi; ysufjcif;udomvQif awGYjrifaeonf}}[k qdv\/ kd f k k kd 5-xdka,m*Donf .... twlyifvQif .... Ijrif\-[k pyfyg/
258
rSwfcsuf
1-ud, 0wfxm;aom t0wfukd rD;avmifvQif OD;acgif;udk rD;avmifvQif tjcm;udprsm;udk *krpduEiyJ k f k f kd f xdr;udomvQif tvsiftjref Nidr;owf&mouJoYkd xdYk twlyif b*FPfEihf jynfpaom a,m*Donf tjcm;udp k D k f h S h kH rsm;udk ocFg&wdYk \ tysuuomvQif tzefwvJvJ rjywfrpJ oH;oyfaeonf-[k qdv\/ f kd k k kd 2-ukeq;oGm;jcif; aysmufu,om;jcif; ysuom;jcif;[k-ac:qdtyfaom csKyfjcif;udk Ijrifvsuf tmkH y f kH G f G f G k aom b*FPf-[k qdv\/ k kd 3-4-xda,m*Dtm; .... ocFg&wkYd onf .... BuD;pGmaom aMumufz,f jzpf xifue\-[k pyfyg/ k G k f 5-a,musfm;tm; .... xifueouJoYkd -[k pyfyg/ k f h
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVd t&mwGif ]]{wo caP}}[k SdaomaMumifh ]]odYk Ijrifaom cP}}[k jyefqonf? tvm;wl kd aS;pmydk'f 3-ckwYdk um; ]]{wo Xmae}} [k SaomaMumifh ]]odYk Ijrifaom t&mXme}}[k jyefqconf/ cPd kd hJ [laom jyefqcsuuom acsmarmajyjypfonf/ kd f 2-xkYd aMumifh ..... xdPftm; .... pl;prf; qifjcifjcif;rQomvQif jzpfay\-[k pyfyg/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-xda,musfm;tm; .... pl;prf; qifjcifjcif; rQomvQif jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ k 2-b,awm - aMumufz,f ab;tm;jzifh + OyVme - xifay:aomPf = b,wky|me-aMumufz,um; G G f taetm;jzifh xifay:vmaomPf/
rSwfcsuf
1-AmvykxZOf yk*Kd vfwYdkonf ewfavmu jA[mavmu aumif;uifbkH ponfwYdk tdjk cif; emjcif; aojcif; k rS uif;onf[k xifMu\/ xdYk aMumifh xdewfavmu ponfwYdk onf xdowYdk tm; apmifaSmufwwfaom t&m k k l h yke;atmif;&m ud;uG,&m taetm;jzifif;? aSmifwr;oGm;&ef t&yftae tm;jzifif; xifay:vsuf Sue\? f k f h d f h d k f a,m*Dtm;rlum; xduoYkd rxif[k qdv\/ k hJ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-]]awmtkyponfonf arGYavsmfz,f tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aumif;pGm wnfaomfvnf; om;&JponfaevQif f G dS xdawmtkyf tpSonfonf tjypftaetm;jzifom xif\? aysmfarGYz,taetm;jzifh rxif/ arGYavsmfz,f k d h G f G tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh aumif;pGmrwnfaom awmtkyf ponfrm qdz,yifrSNd yD}} [laom teufukd ]]aomfvnf;}} S k G f [laom pum;jzifh azmjy\/ 2-tm'De0 - tjypf + P - odjrifaomPf = tm'De0Pf - tjypf jrifaomPf/ tm'De0 - tjypf + tEkyem - Ijrifaom + P - Pf - tm'De0gEkyemPf - tjypfukd Ijrifaom Pf/ 3-]]tjypfjzpfaom}} [lonfrm ]]xdtjypfukd jrifvsuf odvsuf jzpfaom}}[k qdv\/ S k k kd
259
rSwfcsuf
1-oEd - Nidr;at;&m + y' - a&muftyf - a&mufoifh - a&mufxuaom edAmef + P - Pf = f kd f oEy'Pf - Nidr;at;&m edAmefukd odaomPf/ d f
rSwfcsuf
1-]]tjcif;t&m xl;aomtm;jzifh Pfjzpfy}kH } [lif;? ]]xdPfjzpfy\ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif yk'wYdk k kH f h f Pfx;onf\ tjzpfukd odtyf\}} [lif; qufpyf teuft"dyg,f ,lyg/ ,lyHkum; .... ab;tjcif;t&m l tm;jzifh jzpfaomPfukd b,wky|mePf [lif;? <uif;aom qif;&Jtjcif;t&m ponftm;jzifh jzpfaomPfukd tm'De0Pf [lif; ,ltyf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-]]tcsif;? twaumifonf ig;yg;aom umr*kPwYdk jzifh uHvjkH ynfppm aysmficpm;&\? tcsif;? f k h kH G T f H rQjzifh twaumifonf jrwfaom? rsuarSmuf avmuedAmefoYkd a&muf\? (urm*kPukd cHpm;&jcif;xuf f f aumif;aom t&om rSawmh[k qdv\)}}/ ('D 1-33? jrefrmjyef - 36) odYk ponfjzifh jA[Zmvokw d k kd f jyxm;aom t,lukd ]]jrwfaom rsufarSmuf avmuedAmef t,l}}[k qdonf/ ]]ponf}} [laompum;jzifh k xdjk A[Zmvokw vmaom tjcm;aom rdpmt,lwYdk ukd Te;onf/ f f 2- pdwu#awmif- [lonfum; te0wwftiudk NcH&vsuf wnfueaom *Erm'eawmif k f kd f H k f umVul#awmif auvmoawmif ok'eawmif pdwu#awmif [laom [dr0Emawmif\ txG#rsm; jzpfaom l f awmifig;vH;wkYd wif aemufq;awmifx#f jzpfonf/ k G kH G
rSwfcsuf
1-ckepfyg;aom a&tdiBf uD;wdYk [onfrm (1) te0wwfti?f (2) uPr@tdi?f (3) &xmum&tki?f (4) k l S kd k k d q'eti?f (5) ukPmvtki?f (6) rEmuDeti?f (7) oD[yygw tdiwYdk yif jzpfonf/ if;wkYd rm [dr0Emawmifay: f kd d D kd k f S wnfSdMuonf/ 2-]]bm0emvQif aysmfarGY&mSonf\tjzpf}} [laom pum;ESihf ]]bm0em aysmfarGYjcif;}} [laom pum;onf d t&wl\? xkYd aMumifh ]]tjzpf[aom}}-yk'ukd ]]aysmfarGYjcif;}}-yk'fESifhpyf teuf,lyg/ l f 3-ckepfyg;aom t*FgwdYk [onfrm (1) ESmarmif;? (2? 3? 4? 5) tajcav;acsmif;? (6) tNrD;? (7) odtrf l S k d [laom ckepfyg;wkYd yif jzpfonf/ qifrif;onf ckepfyg;aom t*FgwkYd jzifh ajrxdvsuf wnfaomaMumifh if;udk owywda|m[k csD;usL; jyqdonf? xdy'ukd ]]ckepfyg;aom t*FgwdYk jzifh ajr wnfaom}}[k o'genf;t& k k k f twdtus jyefqxm;onf/ kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ADbp-yk'onf ]]pufqyz,f [laom teuf tkyq;onf [laom teuf tMunfwefonf [laom f k f G f kd h teuf}} odYk aom teufwYdk ukd a[m\? um; aS;teufrsm;ESivnf; rxyfap&ef ]]tvGetjrif qd;aom}}[k hf f k jyefvuonf/ kd f
260
rSwfcsuf
1-y#d - wzef + ocFg - od = y#docFg - wzefo -[k o'gtaph twdtus jyefxm;onf/ d xdtwdtus teufonf aS;PfwYdk jzifh odcNJ yD;jzpfaomfvnf; Pfjzifh odjyefjcif;rSm wzefojd cif;jzpf k oifavsmfonfomwnf;/ odYk aomf Pfwckwnf;t&mom teuft"dyg,f,vQif wzef[aom teufonf h l l tusKd;rSawmhay? xkYd aMumifh t|uxmtzGi y#d-wzef[aom teufukd y,f Zmedwm - odNyD; [komvQif d hf l G zGijhf yayonf/ 2-]]raem'Gg&ESihf oabmtmkwYkd upr raem0dnmPfonf jzpfay:\}} [l&m pGrjDS cif;[laom aS;ud&,m H kd JG DS J d ESihf jzpfay:jcif;-[laom aemufu&,monf wcsewnf; wumvwnf; ydiwyif jzpf\? odYk aomf avmua0g[m& d d d f f l tm;jzifh ]]pGr jzpfay:\}}[k aS;aemufumv uGouJoYkd yif ajymqd&\/ ]]edrdwfudkwzefod Pfonf J DS J h k jzpfay:\}} [laom a'oemvnf; odjcif;[laom aS;ud&,mESihf jzpfay:jcif; [laom aemufu&,monf d d d wcsewnf; wumvwnf; ydiwyif jzpf\? odYk aomf avmua0g[m&tm;jzifh ]]od jzpfay:\}}[k aS;aemufumv d f f l uGouJoYkdyif a[mxm;onf-[k qdvonf/ J h k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-wyg;aomyk'f 2-ck [lonfrm ]]b0t,Ofukd wzefo Pfonf jzpfay:\}} [laom 0gusESifh S d ]]ocFg&edrwuif; b0t,Ofuif; wzefo Pfonfjzpfay:\}} [laom 0gus 2-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ d f kd kd d 2-3-odr;qnf;NyD;vQif wzef .... odr;qnfjyef\-[k pyfyg/ f f 4-ocFg&w&m;taygif;onf ]]omrD - cEmtdr\ydii?f ed0goD - cEmtdrx tNrJwnfaeol? um&uf k f S f J dS yvkywwfo?l a0'u - cHpm;wwfo}l } - odYk ponfjzifh AmvykxZOfwYkd pGvrf;xm;aom tw\ pGr;&nfowd f k J f *kPt*FgrS qdwoO;aomaMumifh twaumifvnf;r[kw?f xkoYkd aom tw\ tpdwtydi; tpGr;owd r[kwaom f f k f d f k f f f aMumifh tw\ Opmvnf;r[kw?f ESpyg;pHrS qdwoO;onf-[k qdv\/ f k f k f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-rjrifromvQif wzef .... odr;qnf;jyef\-[k pyfyg/ l f 2-igonf wpHwa,muf\rQ aMumifMh uzG,r[kw?f wpHwa,muf\rQ aMumifMh uzG,jf zpfaom igaumifrSd k f k - [k qdv\/ k kd 3-vufonf;uGi;twGi;u jyefqcsurm udOewo- w-tm*Hk,l udOe + tod-[k yk'jf zpfNyD;vQif f f kd f S d wenf;jyefqaom teufjzpfonf/ dk 4-ig\ aMumifMh uzG,r[kw?f ig\ aMumifMh uzG,jf zpfaom olwyg; rnfonfrS-[k qdv\/ f d k kd 5-vnf; vufonf;uGi;twGi;u jyefqcsufrm udOeww- w-tm*H, udOe+tw-[k f f kd S d k l d yk'jf zwfNyD;vQif wenf; jyefqcsuyif jzpfonf/ kd f 6-tzdYk av;yg;ESihf pyfqiaom (twr) qdwoO;yHukd 0dyem Ienf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy) kd f S f k f k d d f pmrsufEm 214- (owrESy) 232- Munfhyg/ S d f 7-igonf tb,frmrQ rS-[k jrifvQif rdru,[k ac:aom twaumifukd wpHwckaomt&yf wpHwck S d d kd f k k aom w&m;xJrQ rjrifawmhonfom? odYk jzpf qdvaomteufukd zGijhf yxm;onf? o'geuftzGihf r[kw/ k kd f
261
rSwfcsuf
1-wpHwa,mufrQ aMumifMh uzG,\ tjzpf rS-aMumifMh uzG,f r[kw-[k jrifvQif wpHwa,mufaom k f d f k olwyg;\ aMumifMh uzG,f tjzpf aqmifxm;oifh rSw,oifonfukd rjrifawmhonfom? odYk jzpf vnf; f l h qdvaom teufuom zGijhf yxm;onf/ o'geuftzGir[kw/ k kd kd hf f 2-rdru,onf olwyg;\ aMumifMh uzG,f r[kwyukd #Dum atmufygtwdi; tEkoaEpyfvsuf zGijhf y\/ d kd f f kH k f ]]zefqif;olonf jA[maywnf; r[mjA[maywnf; vTr;rd;Edioaywnf; tvTr;rd;rcH&olaywnf; f k k f l f k pifppfjrifoaywnf; tvdtwdi; jzpfapEdioaywnf; tpd;&olaywnf; yolaywnf; zefqif;olaywnf; l k k f k f l k tBuD;qH; tjrwfq;aywnf; pD&ifwwfoaywnf; avhvmEdieif;olaywnf; jzpfNyD; jzpfqJ ow0gwkYd \ zcifBuD; k kH l k f aywnf;}} odkY ponfjzifh omomemtjyify wyg;aom olwYdk BuHqxm;onftwdi; jA[m xm0&bk&m; paom h k f wpHwa,muf\ aMumifMh uzG,jf zpfaom rdr[aom twaumifukd rjrif-[k jyvkd aomaMumifh ]]wpHwa,mufrQ\}} k d l k ponfukd rdeYf q\/ kd txufyg#Dumjzifh ]] olwyg;[lonfrm nDtpfuponfrQom r[kw?f zefqif;wwfonf-[k omoem S kd tjyify yk*Kd vfwYdk ,lqxm;aom urmyiif bk&m;ocifvnf; yg0ifonf}}[k odap\/ h kd f S
rSwfcsuf
1-kyonf rdru tpd;r&[lif; rdrukd olwyg;u tpd;r&[lif; qdvonf/ f d k d k k kd 2-a&jrKyfpijf zifh td;cGuponfukd yvdotm; xduprNyD;ouJoYkd kyukd NrJap&ef ponfukd yvdotm; kd k f k l k d h f k l xdup rNyD;pD;Edi?f xdYk aMumifh tvdwi; ryEdi-[k qdonf/ wenf;um; rdrtvdrQjzifh wpHwckaom yvkyjf cif;rQ k d k k dS kd f k f k d k k rNyD;pD;Edi?f taMumif;nDwromvQif yvkyjf cif;NyD;pD;Edionf? xdYk aMumifvnf; tvdwi; ryEdi[k qd\/ k T f S k f h k dS kd f k f k 3-]]ig\kyonf odYk aumif;aumif;csnf; jzpfygap? odYk qd;qd;um; rjzpfygapvif}h }[k awmifw f k k h r&Edi[k qdv\/ k f k kd 4-pmrsuEm 268-yOrpmyd' - ]]tusKd;0dygufx taMumif;uHonf rS?d taMumif;uHxvnf; tusKd; f S k f J J 0dygufonfrS?d uHEihf 0dygufEpyg;wkYd onf tcsif;csif;rS qdwoO;uke\? odYk aomf taMumif;uHEihf uif;vnf; S S f f k f f S tusKd;onf rjzpfEi}f }-[k jyqdconftwdi; uHEihf 0dygufonf tcsif;csif;rS uif;qdwae ouJoYdk (urm'd 0d,kd k hJ h k f S f h [k Soifaom ygXfukd &nfonf) kyonf ywwfaom twponfrS uif;qdwf ouJoYdk (um&um'D\ 0d,d h f h [laom oDru&nfonf) rdr\taMumif;rSif; rdr\tusKd;rSif; uif;qdwaeonf-[k qdv\? rSeay\? l kd d d f k kd f tusK;w&m;onf taMumif;w&m;ESiwuG uk,0efaqmifvsuf rHatmif;vsuf wnfonfr[kw?f taMumif;w&m; d hf d f onfvnf; tusK;w&m;ESiwuG ud,0efaqmifvsuf rHatmif;vsuf wnfaeonfvnf; r[kway/ (#Dum) d hf k f f
262
rSwfcsuf
1-kyonf avmua0g[m& ajymk;qdpOftm;jzifh ac:a0:aeaom ow0gr[kw[um; rqdv?kd tb,fh f d k f l k aMumifenf;[lr kyonf xdajymk; qdpOfjzpfaom ow0gr[kwf [laom teufonf tvdvyif NyD;pD; xifm; h l f k d k k kd S aomaMumifh aywnf;/ rSeay\? kyrQudk ow0g-[k vlrsm;u ac:a0:onfr[kway/ trSetm;jzifrum; kyonf f f f f h l f omoemyyk*Kd vfwYdk BuHqxm;aom tw[ac:aom ow0gr[kwf [lom qdvayonf/ vlr[kwf vkvifr[kwf k k kd rde;rr[kwf a,musfm;r[kwf igr[kw[k I&mwkYd vnf; enf;wlyif twaumif r[kwonfuom qdvonf[k f f f kd k kd rSwyg/ (#Dum) f 2-t&mwGif 0do'r*f\rS&m rlvusr;&if;jzpfaom plVeda'oygVdawmf ]]e aumpd-wpHwa,mufrQ k d D f k r[kwf}}[k ygXfSd\? owdy|meokwtzGihf t|uxmwkYd vnf; xdYk twlyif t&m ]]e aumpd-wpHk wa,mufrQ f r[kwf}}[k Sd\/ Sdaom ]]olwyg;\ Opmr[kw}f } [laom teufonf tjcm;rJ qdvwHaom ]]wpHwa,muf h k h k rQ\ Opmr[kw}f } [laom Iy twGi;0ifaeaomaMumifh ]]e aumpd-wpHk wa,mufrQr[kw}f } [laom ygXfomvQif kH f omoifay\/ h
rSwfcsuf
1-tedpawm-yk'ukd rNrJaomtm;jzifh [lif; rNrJonftaetm;jzifh [lif; rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh f h [lif;-odYk vnf; jyefqoif\? odYk aomfvnf; um; pum;wdwEihf NyD;ap&ef ]]rNrJ}}[k [l jyefqkd vdu\/ kd h k kd S k f qif;&J[k a&m*g[k ponfwYdk vnf; enf;yifrwyg/ S f 2-]]tem'awm om,mzG,r[kw}f } [laom yk'onf ygVdawmf rS?d yk'EiwuGqvQif f f f S hf kd tjcif;t&m av;q,hEpyg;r[kwyJ av;q,fh oH;yg;jzpf&m\[k #Dum qd\? xkYd aMumifh yk'ukd tyd[k f S f f k k f k rSw&m\/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-tm'De0 tjcif;t&mrSm aS; qdcNhJ yD;jzpfaomfvnf; (1) ork',-jzpfjcif;? (2) tw*r-csKyfjcif;? (3) k F tm'-om,mzG,?f (4) tm'De0-tjypf? (5) ed&P-xGuajrmufjcif; [laom a'oem tpOft& xyf f qdxm;onf/ xkYd aMumifh if;tm'De0udk aS;tm'De0ESihf aygif; av;q,fEpyg;aom tjcif;t&mwkYd ukd a&wGuf k h S f &m\/ 2-vnf; tedpawm yk'ukd rNrJonftaetm;jzifh rNrJaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh rNrJ[k odYk vnf; f h jyefqEi\/ kd kd f 3-twmEk'|d - twoYkd tpOfvuaom tjrifrm;[lonfrm oum,'d|yifwnf;/ d kd f S S d
rSwfcsuf
1-vufzspf 10-wGuonf 1-cPrnf\? 10-cPonf 1-v,rnf\? 10-v,onf 1-cPv, f rnf\? 10-cPv,onf 1-rk[wf rnf\/ jrefrma0g[m&tm;jzifh watmifavmuf wcPavmuf-[k k h ajymqdavh\/ k dS
rSwfcsuf
1-xdxocFg&tmkwYdk aysmfarGYonf\ tpGr;tm;jzifh ESpEpf cduf cduf ajy;0ifroGm;[l qdvonf/ k kd H f f S k kd 2-tEkavmrPfukd jzpfapEdiavmufatmif &ifusufaom ocFgkayumPfukd yifvQif ]]edAmef-tNidr; k f h f "mwfukd Nidr;at;aomtm;jzifh jrifonf}}[k qdv\/ f k kd
263
rSwfcsuf
1-rkeYf nufukd Aef;jzifqifaomtcg qifavqifav rkeYf nufreYf onf om EI;nHorarGYom;avav h h h h I h d f G jzpfouJoYkd ocFgkyaumonf Mumav Mumav om om odrarGY odrarGYom;onf[k qdvonf/ h f f G k kd 2-0gudzwfaom tcg zwfavzwfav 0g*Gr;onf om odrarGYom;avav jzpfouJoYkd ocFgkayum k f f G h onf Mumav Mumav om om odrarGY odrarGYom;onf[k qdvonf/ f f G k kd 3-tEkyem ckepfyg; r[m0dyem wq,fpyg;-odYk ponfjzifh tus,fa0bef jyxm;aomfvnf; h S f if;wkYd onf tedpmekyem tpSaom oH;yg;aom tEkyemwdYk omvQif twGi;0if\? xkYd aMumifh acgifxyoYkd d k f d f a&mufaom 0dyemonf xdtedpmEkyem tpSaom oH;yg;aom tEkyemwkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifomvQif k d k f h wnfonf[k #Dum qd\/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-tpGr;tm;jzif-[laom 0daooejzifh tydi;tjcm; [lonfrm jzpfjcif; ysujf cif;yif jzpfonf-[lif; f h k f S e,fq; tuefYtowf-[lonfrmvnf; jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;yif jzpfonf [lif; odap\/ kH S 2-0guswGif ]]jzpfjcif;rSaS; rSueao;[k ydi;jcm;}} [laom pum;jzifh ]]tydi;tjcm; [lonfrm d k f k f k f S jzpfjcif;yif}} [lif; ]]ysufjcif;rS aemufoYkd roGm;uke}f } odYk tpSaom pum;jzifh ]]e,fq; tuefYtowf d kH [lonfrm ysujf cif;yifjzpfonf}} [lif; ,l&m\/ S
rSwfcsuf
1-awmifwrI wPSmuif;aom tjcif;t&m [lonfrm edAmef awmifwzG,f wPSmjzpfz,f rSaom h S h G d tjcif;t&mudk qdvonf/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-tbd"rmum; .... 0darmuEpyg;udomvQif a[mtyf\-[k pyfyg/ S f k 2-tMuiftcg .... jzpfap\-[k pyfyg/ 3-4-y,fjcif;iSgif; ..... a&mufjcif;iSgif; .... avmukw&m psmefujkd zpfap\-[k pyfyg/ 5-0dyemPfudk .... oknw0darmu[lif; .... tedrdw0darmu[lif; ..... tyPd[dw0darmu[l if; a[mxm;onfum; rSeay\-[k pyfyg/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyemPfonf ocFg&w&m;udk tmkH yvsuf IvsufomvQif jzpf\? xdYk aMumifh ocFg&edrwukd d f ry,fpeYf [k qdonf/ G k
rSwfcsuf
1-xkygXf .... aumif;pGm wnfonfrnf\ ..... pGefYvTwfvdkonf\ tjzpfrnf\ .... wzefIodonf rnf\? d .... aumif;pGmwnfaom ynmrnf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-NiD;aiGYaom a,m*D\ .... pGefYvTwfvdkjcif;onf .... wzefIodjcif;onf ..... vspfvsLIjcif;onf-[k pyfyg/
264
rSwfcsuf
1-Pfo;yg;[lonfum; (1) acgifxyoYkd a&mufaom ocFgkayumPf? (2) tEkavmrPf? (3) kH d f a*gMwblPf wkYd yif jzpfonf/ (#Dum) 2-ocFg&tmk0wKudk rIawmhbJ edAmefukd tmkH yoGm;jcif;onf A[d'erwac: tjyify tmkrS xonf H d d f H rnf\/ udavom t,Of 0dyguf cEmt,OfwYdk rjzpfEiaom tajctaeodYk a&mufom;jcif;onf tZw y0wrS kd f G xonfrnf\/ a&m*gaysmufuif;onfukd a&m*grS xonf-[k ajymqdjk cif;rsK;yif jzpfonf/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyemp Ijcif;udk ]]tbdeda0o aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;jcif;}}[k ac:onf? xkYd aMumifh ]]tbde0owm kH f d d d G aS;OD;pGm ESvHk;oGif;}} [lonfrSm ]]aS;OD;pGmI}} [laompum;ESifh t&wl\/ xkdYaMumifh ]]ESvHk;oGif;}} [laom yk'tpm; ]]I}} [laomyk'ukd vJv, oH;EdiaMumif;odap&ef vnfonf;uGi;ESihf (I)[k jyxm;onf/ f f S f k k f f tbdea0o-aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi;jcif; - aS;OD;pGmIjcif; [lonfrmvnf; emrIyy&dap' t&m Ijcif;yif jzpfonf[k d kH f S #Dum jyqdxm;\/ k 2-t&mum; tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzif-[k qdxm;aomaMumifh ]]tbde0owm - aS;OD;pGm ESv;oGi; h k d d d G kH f aS;OD;pGmI}} [laom pum;jzifh oroePft&m ponf Ijcif;udyif ]]tbdea0o - aS;OD;pGm ESv; oGi;jcif; k d kH f aS;OD;pGmIjcif;}}[k ,ltyf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-te-r[kwf + Oyg'dE - igaumif ow0gaumif[k xifrwpvrf;tyfaom kyemrf ocFg&taygif; = S f JG f tEkyg'dE - igaumif ow0gaumif[k rxifrwf rpGvrf;tyfaom toufrhJ A[d'yf ocFg& taygif;/ S J k
rSwfcsuf
1-(rD;awmuf) (vrf;rS) yk'rsm;rSm aemuf jyvwHaom tus,ftzGir, Spv;bGYJ tyd'jf ynfap&ef f h hf S l f kH k h jznfpujf yxm;aom yk'rsm; jzpfonf/ h G f 2-(zH;aemufq;) uGi;twGi;Sd pm;vH;rsm;rSmvnf; Spv;yk'f jynfap&ef tavsmftm;jzifh jznfpucsuf k kH f f k f kH d h h G f jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pmom;rSm jrefrmpum; teuft"dyg,f acsmarmajyjypfap&ef ed,wf0gusrS f f ,l azmfjyxm;aom pum; jzpfonf/
rSwfcsuf
1-vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pum;rSm #DumtzGihf jzpfonf/ f f 2-vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pum;rSm okweygwft|uxm tzGihf jzpfonf/ f f d 3-]]yd;>yrf;aom (yudPu) ocFg&wkYd ukd [lonfum; tajccHy 0ifpm;aom psmefrS wyg;aom kyemrf f ocFg&wkYd u-[k qdv\? odYk r[m#Dum zGijhf yaomaMumifh yg'upsmefaom yk*Kd vfrm yg'upsmefrS wyg;aom kd k kd dS S kyemrfocFg&wkYd ukd IvQif yd;>yrf;aom (yudPu) ocFg&wkYd ukd Ionfrnf\? xdYk twlyif psmefrSaom yk*Kd vfrm f d S
265
rdroEmef jzpfay:aom jrifr-Mum;rIpaom ocFg&wkYd ukd Ijcif;onf yd;>yrf;aom (yudPu) ocFg&wkYd ukd Ijcif;yif d I rnf\[k rSwtyf\/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-r*f\-[k oreteufyif jzpfaomfvnf; jrefrmpum; acsmap&ef r*ftm;-[k jyefqxm;onf? xkr*fukd f kd d teD;jzpfaom yg'upsmef ormywfu rdrEihf psmeft*Fgwlaponf-[k qdv\/ d S k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-teD;umv xcJaom psmeformywfukd ]]eD;aomt&yf xcJaom ormywf}}[k qdxm;onf? t&d,mr*f h h k odYk a&mufcgeD; aS;tzdYk u aemufq; 0ifpm;cJaom yg'upsmeformywfukd qdonf/ kH h k 2-uvmyoroePf\tqH; O',A,Pf jzpfay:vmaom 0dyem\ npf;aMumif; Oyuavo k l d udk oH;Budrwiwif I y,fcg&jcif;jzifh qif;&Jyifyef;onf[k qkaom 0g&udk 'kuy#dy'g[k aS;q&mwkYd ESpouf k f kd f kd G d f MuaMumif;udk qdue\? odYk aomfvnf; t|uxm ]]0dyemPfonf xufjruf&&ifh Munfvifvsuf aqmifom; k k f J G vwfaomf jzpfay:vmaom 0dyem Niduyfw,wmrI eduEukd qif;&JidjiifpmESihf yifyef;vsuf ukeaponf}} [l G f d G f qdxm;aomaMumifh aS;tzdYk rkOwurswm ponf\ tjzpfjzifh jzpfaom ocFgkayumonf rdr\ qefYusibuf k d k d f udavomwkYd ukd cJ,Of;idjiifpmjzifh y,fcg&onfaomf 'kuy#dy'g tzdYk omvQif wnf\-[k r[m#Dum rdeYf qkd G G dS aomaMumifh rkOwurswmPf y#docFgPf tcdutwefY cJc,Of;,Of; Irwc&vQif xkoYkd aom ocFgkayum d k k f J S f hJ d udvnf; 'kuy#dy'g[lom rSwtyf\/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-tvdtyfaom r*f[aom XmeodYk ruyfa&mufao;rl 0dyemomvQif udwif ae\/ r*fEihf k dS l S uif;vsuae\? odYk udwif r*fEihf uif;vsuf ae&mjzpfaomaMumifh 0dyemonf y&d0go-y&d0gof rnf\[k f S jyqdaom #DumESitnD ocFg&ayumPf jzpfay:aeygvsuf r*fPfoYkd rqdua&mufao;yJ ocFgkayumomvQif k hf k f Mumjrifpm jzpfaeonfukd 0dyemy&d0gofaeonf[k rSwtyf\/ h G f 2-ocFgkayumjzpfNyD;rS t&d,mr*fjzpfay:&aomaMumifh ,if;t&d,mr*fukd ocFgkayumrS vmonfjzpfonf [k qd&\? ocFgkayumudvnf; xdr*f\ vmcJ&mtaMumif;[k qd&\/ xdocFgkayumonf 'kuy#dy'g k k k h k k 'Embdnm jzpfvQif rdrrquf jzpfaom t&d,mr*ftm; 'kuy#dy'g 'Embdnm[laom rdrtrnfukd ay;\? d S d xdocFgkayumonf 'kuy#dy'gcdygbdnm jzpfvQifvnf; rdrrquf jzpfaomr*ftm; xdrrd trnfukd ay;\? k d S k d xdocFgkayumonf okcy#dy'gcEmbdnmjzpfvQifvnf; rdrrquf jzpfaomr*ftm; xdrr\ trnfukd ay;\? k d S k d d xdocFgkayumonf okcy#d'gcdygbdnmjzpfvQif rdrrqufjzpfaomr*ftm; okcy#dy'g cdygbdnm [laom rdr\ k d S d trnfukd ay;\? xkdYaMumifh ]]r*fonf av;yg;aom trnfwkdYudk & [k qdonf/ ocFgkayum [laom rdrrS \}} k d quf jzpfaomr*fukd 0do'r*fpmud, ]]rdr\r*f}}[k qdxm;\? jrefrmjyef um; em;vnfv,ap&ef ]]rdrEihf k d k f d k G f d S qdiaomr*f}} [k jyefqxm;onf/ k f dk
rSwfcsuf
1-]]y#dy'gonf}} [laompum;jzifh y#dy'gESihf tbdnm ESpyg;vH;udk ,ltyf\? tbdnmonfvnf; tcsKdY f k &[ef;tm; uGjJ ym; tcsKdY&[ef;tm; ruGjJ ym;[k qdv\/ k kd
266
rSwfcsuf
1-ocFgkayumu tedptjcif;t&mtm;jzifh oH;oyfonf\ tjcm;rJ t&d,mr*f jzpfay:jim;tH-[k k h h qdv\/ k kd 2-tedrw0armurnfaom r*fjzifh vGwajrmuf\? xdr*fonf tedrw 0darmurnf\-[k qdv\/ d d f k d k kd aemuftyd'wYdk vnf; enf;wlyif/ k f 3- r*fonf .... zsufcGJ ..... y,fpGefYvmcJh\? xkYd aMumifh tedrw rnf\[k pyfyg/ aemufEpy'f d S f kd vnf; enf;wlyif pyfyg/ 4-&m*yPd"d - wyfrufaom &m*udk xm;jcif; - jzpfapjcif;/ ]]ponf}} [laom pum;jzifh a'goyPd"d arm[yPd"wYdk ukd ,ltyf\/ d
rSwfcsuf
1-oknw0dyem\ r*f[onfrm oknw0dyem\ tjcm;rJ quf jzpfay:aomr*fwnf;? if;udk l S h oknw0dyemESihf pyfqiaom r*f[vnf; ac:tyf\/ dk f l 2-vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pmyd'rm ,ckvufdS 0do'r*f pmtkywYdk rSjd im;aomfvnf; pifppfSdoifh f f k f S k d f aomaMumifh azmfjyxm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-,ckyif r*fjzpfawmhrnf[k qdoifaom aemufq; 0dyem0Dxjd zpfqJ cP-[k qdv\/ k h kH k kd 2-aS;tjcm;rJjh zpfaom 0dyem0Dx ocFgkayumu tmkH ycJaom enf;twdi;omvQif[k qdv\/ d h k f k kd jzpfyHkum; .... tu,f xdkocFgkayumu ocFg&wkYd ukd tedp[k IcvQif r*f0x\ tpjzpfaom raem'Gg&m hJ D d 0Ze;uvnf; ocFg&wkYd ukd tedp[k tmkH yvsuf jzpfonf? xdYk twl xdocFgkayumu 'ku[k IcvQif raem'Gg&m f k hJ 0Ze;uvnf; 'ku[k tmkH yvsuf jzpfonf? xdocFgkayumu tew[k IcvQif raem'Gg&m0Ze;uvnf; f k hJ f tew[k tmkH yvsuf jzpfonf[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-xdraemuf ..... yXraZmpdwonf jzpfay:\-[k pyfyg/ k S f 2-]]tjcm;rJ}} [laom yk'ukd ]]qufpyfapvsuf}} [laom yk'Eiom pyfyg/ h f f S hf 3-aS;tjcm;rJh ESp0xd oH;0DxwYdk yg0ifaom ocFgkayumu Iconfh enf;twdi;yif[k qdv\? f D k d hJ k f k kd tus,fjzpfyrm ESm 429-rSwfcsuf 2- jycJonftwdi;yif jzpfonf/ txl;owdy&efrm jrefrmrl #Dum pmtkywYdk kH S h h k f S f 'Gw-(2-ck 3-ck)-t&m0,f 'Gwo (32-ck)-[k rSm;,Gi;vsuf\? 'Gw-[k Saom oD[VronfomvQif d f dS d d kd f l r[m#Dum yXrwGJ ESm 191 aMumif;a& 3-4-5-wkYd Eihf nDaomaMumifh rlvygXfref jzpfayonf/ S S 4-y&dur-y&du-r*fjzpfay:&ef udwif yrI - tqifoifjh zpfatmif udwif yrl[k qdv\/ H k kd 5-Oy-teD; + pm&jzpfonf = Oypm& - r*f\teD; uyfjzpfaom aZm/
267
rSwfcsuf
1-Oy&d-[laom ygVdt& txuf (r*f) -[k jyefqxm;onf/ tEkavmrPfrS txufrnfaom kd aemufumv jzpfaom av;yg;aom t&d,mr*f-[k qdv\/ k kd 2- vufonf;uGi;twGi;Sd pmom;rSm #DumESiif; aS;q&mwkYd \ ed,ESiif; nDap&ef f f hf hf ]]wxudpwm,}} [laom yk'ukd vduap jyefqxm;csuf jzpfonf/ odYk aomf aemuf jyvwHaom Oyrm Oyar,s f k f kd h ES;aESmyHEihf wduqiMf unfvQif xdk ]]wxudpwm,}} yk'ukd t&m vdu ,SO&efroif[k xifonf/ D k S k f kd h f k f f h taMumif;rlum; aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd \ rSeaomudponf\ tjzpfukd tEkavmrPfu avsmfap&ef rvd?k d f dS trSetm;jzifrum; tEkavmrPfu avsmfap&ef rvd?k trSetm;jzifrum; tEkavmrPf jzpfNyD;rSomvQif f h l f h l t&d,mr*f jzpfay:&aomaMumifh xdr*f yg0ifaom aAm"dyu,w&m;wdYk tm;omvQif avsmpm jzpfonf[k qkoifh k d f G d ayonf/ 3-xdktEkavmrPfonf .... rSefaom udpSdonf\tjzpftm;vnf; avsmf\? .... aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd d tm;vnf; avsmf\-[k pyfyg/ 4-tmkHyjzpfaomaMumifh .... rSefaomudpSdonf\ tjzpftm;vnf; avsmf\-[k wGif pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;jypum;jzifvnf; tEkavmronf aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd tm;avsmpm h d f G qdvaMumif; if;wdYk \ rSeaomudptm;avsmpm jzpfonf[k rqdvaMumif; xifm;\/ k kd f f G k kd S jzpfonf[om l
rSwfcsuf
1- rif;usifw&m;tm; avsmfonf[om qk\? rif;usiw&m;\ tqH;tjzwftm; avsmfonf[ h l d hf k l rqd?k xkYd aMumifh Oyar,st&mvnf; ]]aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd tm; avsmf\}} [laom teufomvQif OyrmESihf d ES;aESmrdonf/ D 2- uGi;twGi;Spmom; vd-rvdk oif-roifukd rSwcsuf 1-ESihf wduqiMf unfyg/ f f d k h h f k f kd h 3-aAm"dyu,w&m; taygif;onf a,bk,stm;jzifh r*ipyg; twGi;0ifaomaMumifh ]]aAm"dyu, d f S f f d w&m;wdYk tm;avsmfonf}} [laom aS;pum;ESihf ]]r*opmtm; avsmfonf}} [laom pum;rSm oabmtm;jzifh wln\/ D 4-xdxowewYdk 0k|me*grde0yemudk trsKd;rsKd;aom trnfwYdk jzifh a[mxm;aomaMumifh xdtrnf k kd k f D d k wkYd Eipyf rawGra0 odem;vnfapjcif; tusKd;iSg-[k qdv\/ S hf k kd
rSwfcsuf
2-yk'ukd ]]a[mawmfrl (tyf)\}} [laom Bud,myk'wYdk Eihf pyfyg/ f f S 3-trSDy .... a&muf .... y,fukefavmh .... ausmfveueavmh-[k pyfyg/ G f k f 1- ayg|yg'okwtzGihf t|uxmwGi-]]onm-[lonfum; psmef onmwnf;? Pf-[lonfum; f f 0dyemPfwnf;/ wenf;um; onm-[lonfum; 0dyemonmwnf;/ Pf-[lonfum; r*fPfwnf;/ wenf;um; onm-[lonfum; r*fonmwnf;? Pf-[lonfum; zdvPfwnf;}} [l oH;enf;zGijhf yxm;\? k f k xdo;enf;wkYd wif 'kw,enf;t& 0dyemonmwkYd wif tjrwfq;aom onmudk on*[k qkonf/ k kH G d G kH d r[moD0rax&furl ]]eda&m"ormywfrS xaom yk*Kd vftm; aS;OD;pGmjzpfaom t&[wzvonmESihf ypa0uPm kd f
268
Pfukd &nf ]onmonf aS;OD;pGm jzpf\? Pfonf aemufrS jzpf\}[k a[mawmfronf}}[k zGijhf yrdeYf qaMumif; l kd xdowtzGihf t|uxmyif jyqdxm;ao;\/ k k f k
rSwfcsuf
1-r*fav;yg;\ aS;tjcm;rJ jzpfaomaZmudk a*gMwbl[k y#dor'gr*f a[m\? y|mef;a'oemawmf h d um; txufr*fo;yg;\ aS;tjcm;rJjzpfaom aZmudk a0g'gef[k a[m\/ kH h 2-trnfwYdk jzifh .... a[mMum;csD;usL;awmfrl (tyf)\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-0k|me*grde0yemrnfonfrm ESp0xd oH;0Dxponfjzifh tcsetenf;i,frQom jzpfaomaMumifh D d S f D k d d f xd0yem tNrJrjywftm;xkw&ef wduwe;zG,f rSay? xkYd aMumifh 0k|me*grde0yem pdwukd Gwxm; k d f k f G f d D d f f if;udk &nf,arQmfvif 0dyemtvky tNrJrjywf tm;xkwjf cif;udk y&mawmhownf;-[k qdvonf[ G f h f k kd l rSw&m\/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-tedpponfwYdk \ tpGr;tm;jzifh ocFg&wkYd udk rIaomaMumifh y#dy'gP'e0do'oYdk r0if-[k f k d #Dum qk\/ d 2-edAmefudk tmkH yaomfvnf; udavomwkYd udk rukeapwwfaomaMumifh P'e0do'oYdk r0if[k f k d #Dum qk\/ d 3-a,m*D\pdwonf .... ocFg&w&m;taygif; rajy;oGm; rwnfw- okYd ponfjzifh pyfyg/ f hH 4-ok;yg;wkYd jzifvnf;-[laompum;rSm wD[y-[laomygVdt& twdtus jyefqcsuf jzpfonf/ tydH h d d dk vnf;[laom o'gjzifh tEkavmrPfEpyg;wkYd jzifvnf; udavomtarSmifudk uG,aysmufapjcif; Sao;onf[k S f h f d odap\/
rSwfcsuf
1-2-tmkHonfif; ..... tmkHonfif; - xifay:\-[k pyfyg/ 3-rS0onf\ tqH; - [laom pum;jzifh 'kw,tEkv\ tjcm;rJ jzpfap wwd,tEkv\ tjcm;rJ D J k d kH h kH h jzpfap a*gMwblPf jzpfay:onf/ yXrtEkv\ tjcm;rJum; rS0jJ cif; xHjk cif;udk r&ao;aomaMumifh rjzpfEikH h D kd f [k jy\/ rSeay\? rS0jJ cif; xHjk cif;udk r&aom tEkavmrPfonf a*gMwblPfukd jzpfapjcif;iSg rpGr;Edi/ f D f k f (#Dum) 4-jzpfaom-a&mufaom-jzpfaom - 0daooe oH;yk'ukd a*gMwblPf pyfyg/ k f
rSwfcsuf
1-qkvwHonfum; .... jyaomOyrmwnf;-[k pyfyg/ d h 2-wckwnf;aom 0Dx wqufwnf;jzpfaom aS;pdwf aemufpwwYdk onf wckwnf;aom tmk jzpfNrJ d d f H aywnf;? tEkavmrPfEihf a*gMwblPfwYdk onfum; wckwnf;aom0Dx wqufwnf; jzpfueaomf vnf; S d k f wckwnf;aom tmk rjzpfr toD;toD; uGjJ ym;aomtmk jzpfMuonf [laomteufudk ]]aomf vnf;}}[laom H l H pum;jzifh azmfjy\/
269
rSwfcsuf
1-ajy;oGm;NyD;vQif .... qGJudkifNyD;vQif .... rvTwfrlomvQif .... ckefvTm; .... udkif;SdKif;aom pdwfSdonf jzpf .... eD;onfjzpf .... pGefYvTwfNyD;vQif .... usoGm;\-[k pyfyg/ 2-ud;udjk zpfap .... xkwacsmif;udjk zpfap .... qGuiNf yD;vQif-[k pyfyg/ f J kd 3-aomfif; - [laom yk'wYkd ukd qGuiNf yD;vQif - [laom yk'Eipyfyg/ f J kd f S hf 4-'kw,tEkvpwjf zifh .... edAmefoYkd Twui;SKd if;aom pdwonfjzpf - [k pyfyg/ d kH d f kd f f dS 5-wwd,tEkvpwjf zifh .... edAmefEie;onfjzpf -[k pyfyg/ kH d S hf D
rSwfcsuf
1-t&d,mOpmckepfyg;wkYd [onfum; o'g oDv [D&d Mowy okw pm*ynmwkYd jzpfonf/ l 2-rdpmr*f[onfum; rdpm'd|d rdpmouFy rdpm0gpm rdpmurE rdpmtmZD0 rdpm0g,mr rdpmowd rdpm l orm"d-[laom Spyg;taygif;yifwnf;/ f 3-ygVd a0&b,-&ef-ab;[k Sd\? um; jrefrmpum;acsmarmap&ef ab;&ef[k jyefxm;onf/ xkwif d G a0&-&ef [lonfrm ygPmwdygw tpSaom ig;yg;aom oDvysufrI tukov&efyifjzpfonf/ ab;[lonfrm (1) S d dk f S aqGrsKd;wkYd \ ysufpD;jcif;? (2) a&m*gESypufjcif;? (3) Opmysup;jcif;? (4) oDvysup;jcif;? (5) t,lysup;jcif;? (6) d f f D f D f D rif;ab;? (7) ck;olab;? (8) &efoab;? (9) iwfrwaomab;? (10) rD;ab;? (11) a&ab;? (12) vIi;wHy;ab;? d l G f d f dk (13) a&0Jab;? (14) rdausmif;ab;? (15) ru&f; ac: ig;ab;? (16) rdru,f wkif pGyp aemifw ylyefjcif;ab;? d dk d f JG (17) olwyg;u pGypjJG cif;ab;? (18) rif;'Pf 0denf;'Pfoifaomab;? (19) tyg,f'*uab;? (20) y&dowf f h k d tv,f SuUHG aomab;? (21) rdpmZD0aMumifoifaomab;? (22) y#doaEae&jcif;ab;? (23) tkjd cif;ab;? (24) f h h emjcif;ab;? (25) aojcif;ab; [laom ESpq,fig;yg;aom ab;BuD;wkYd jzpfonf/ (r[meda'o 289-ESihf f h rdvEyOm 194wkYd vmonf/ twdtusum;r[kway/) d f
rSwfcsuf
1-0do'r*fpmud,f ygVd ]]a'G wDPd 0g zvpdwmed}}-[k SaomaMumifh ]]ESpck oH;ckaom zdvpwwYdk }}[k k d k d f k k f d f twdtusjyefqoifaomfvnf; odem;vnfv,ap&ef tvdYk ig ]]ESpBf udrf oH;Budraom}} [k jyefqxm;onf? kd h G f S k f kd tEkavmrPfu oH;Budrjf zpfcvQif zdvpwf ESpBf udrjf zpfonf? tEkavmrPfu ESpBf udrjf zpfcvQif zdvpwf k hJ k f d hJ k f d oH;Budrjf zpfonf-[k qdv\/ k k kd 2-r*0x tEkvaZm a*gMwblaZm r*faZm zdvaZm tm;vH; pkpaygif; ckepfBudromvQif jzpf;Sjd cif; D d kH k f k k f dk tEkvaZmrSmvnf; atmufxpfq; ESpBf udromvQif jzpf;Sjd cif;[laom xdtaMumif; ESpyg;aMumif[k qdv\/ kH kH f dk k f h k kd
270
rSwfcsuf
1-w0DxtwGi; aZmckepfBudrf jzpfNyD;aemuf b0ifusk;S&mwGif ajcmufBudrajrmuf ckepfBudrajrmuf onf d f d d f f b0ifus&eftcsdef eD;uyfaeaomaMumifh ]]eD;uyfaomb0ifonf}}[k qkonf/ umraZm0Dx yXraZm xuf dS d d 'kw,aZmonf tm;aumif;\? 'kw,xuf wwd,onf? wwd,xuf pwkwonf tm;aumif;\/ yOraZmonf d d pwkwaZmxuf tm;avsmhom;\? q|aZmonf yOrxuf tm;avsm\? owronf q|xuf tm;avsm\? G h h xkowraemif aZmyifrjzpfEir w'gkaomfif; b0ifaomfif; jzpfonf/ okYd umraZm oufoufusaom d dk f l H 0DxwYdk jzpf;jzpfpOfEivnf; EIi;,SO odtyf\/ d dk S hf d f f 2-aomw-a&,Of + tmyE-a&mufonf = aomwmyE-aomwmyef-r*ipyg;[laom w&m;a&,OfoYdk f S f a&mufaomyk*Kd vf/
rSwfcsuf
1-aouy*Kd vftm;aomfvnf; rjzpfonfvnf; S\[laom pum;jzifh taou&[Emyk*Kd vftm; <uif;aom k d udavomwkYd ukd qifjcifjcif; rjzpfonfrm txl;ajymjyzG,f rSawmhNyD[k qdv\/ S d k kd
rSwfcsuf
1- tqifqifh Pfudk jzpfapvsuf (ocFg&w&m;taygif;uk) vnfap\ [lvnf; jyefqoihf \/ h d dk
rSwfcsuf
1-ou-wBudrf + tm*grD - jyefvmonf = ou'g*grD - ou'g*grf - vlYboYkd y#doaEtm;jzifh kH wBudrjf yefvmaom yk*Kd vf-[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ter + tm*grD-jyefvmonf=tem*grD-tem*grf-umrbkoYdk y#doaEtm;jzifh jyefrvmaomyk*Kd vf/ H 2-t&[E-tylaZmfcxuaom/ 0g? udavomwkYd rS a0;uGmaom &[Emyk*Kd vf/ H dk f
rSwfcsuf
1-(1) udavom0ef? (2) uH[aom tbdocFg&0ef? (3) jzpfxuaom b0opf kyemrf[aom cEm0ef l kd f f l oH;yg;udk pGeYf y,fNyD; jzpfaomaMumifh 0efxyf 0efy;udk csNyD;aom yk*Kd vfjzpfayonf/ k k kd 2-rdr\ tusKd;[lonfum; t&[wzvw&m;yif jzpfonf/ d dk f
271
rSwfcsuf
1-pwma&m owdy|mem-[laom ygVdt& twdtusjyefvQif ]]av;yg;ukeaom owdy|mefwYdk if;}}[k f jyefqoifaomfvnf; wkwEihf jrefrmpum; acsmarmajyjypfap&ef ]]owdy|mefav;yg;}}[k omrntm;jzifh dk h d dk S jyefxm;onf/ ory"mefav;yg;paom jyefqcsuwYdkvnf;enf;wlyif jzpfonf/ dk f 2-,ckvufdS 0do'r*fEihf r[m#DumwkYd aAma"mwd v'emr-[kaomfvnf; tjcm;aom t|uxm k d S dS wkYd aAm"d[ jyqkxm;aomaMumifif; aAm"dyu,yk' aAm"d[k -ESihf yk'Nf yD;&rnf jzpfaomaMumifhif; l d h d f aAm"drnfaom[k jyefqvuonf/ dk dk f 3-aAm"d-odwwfaom t&d,mr*f\+yu-tzkYd (tkyp)+,-jzpfonf=aAm"dyu,-t&d,mr*f\tzkdY f k d (tkyp) yg0ifaomw&m;rsm;/ f k 4-t&mvnf; ygVd A[k0pEi\? okYd aomfvnf; aS; {u0kpEijhf yefqconftm;avsmfpm {u0kpf k f S hf dS f S dk hJ G ESiyif jyefqxm;onf/ aemufvnf; enf;wlyif/ hf dk
rSwfcsuf
1-orm - wifw,faom + y"me-tm;xkwaMumif; = ory"me-wifw,faom tm;xkwaMumif; vHYk v/ h f h f 2-orm - aumif;pGm + y"me-tm;xkwaMumif; = ory"me-aumif;pGm tm;xkwaMumifh vHYk v/ f f 3-pum;&yfjzifh ormyk'u wifw,fjcif; teufukd a[monf-[k jy\/ f h vHYkv/ 4-orm-wifw,faom + y"me-jy"mef jrifjh rwfaom w&m;=ory"me-wifw,f jy"mef; jrifjh rwfaom h h
5-ygVd waygif;wnf; qdxm;aom ory"mefupEpcukd tvG,wul Si;vif;pGm odap&ef cG k d S f k f f J jyefqvuonf/ kd kd f 6-vnf; enf;wlyif jyefqxm;onf/ kd
rSwfcsuf
1-NyD;pD; jynfpjHk cif;\ .... tajccHjzpf\-[k pyfyg/ 'd-NyD;pD;jynfpjHk cif;\+yg'-tajccH/ h h 2-xkNd yD;pD;jynfpjHk cif;\ .... a&mufaMumif;jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ 'd- NyD;pD;jynfpjHk cif;\-jynfpjHk cif;okYd +yg'h h h a&mufaMumif;/ 3-aAm"d-odaom yk*Kd vf\+t*F-taMumif;t*Fg= aAmZ*F- aAmZifoaomyk*Kd vf\ taMumif;t*Fgjzpf d aomw&m;/
272
rSwfcsuf
1-r*-xGuajrmufaMumif; jzpfaomvrf; + t*F - tpdwtydi;t*Fg = r**F - r*i-xGuajrmufaMumif; f f k f f f r*fvrf;\ tpdwftydkif; t*Fg/ 2-aAm"dyu,w&m;wkYd ukd .... txl;xl;aom pdwwYkd &tyfue\-wckwnf;aom pdw &tyfue\d f k f f k f [k pyfyg/ 3-avmuD0yemPfjzpfpOf-[laomyk'ukd um,mEkyemowdy|mefukd &tyf\-odYk paomyk'wYdk d f f ESiif;? txl;xl;aom pdwwYdk &tyfue\ [laom yk'Eiif;-[k pyfyg/ hf f k f f S hf
rSwfcsuf
1-owd[aom aAm"dyu,w&m;onf y|me È,paom yk'wYdkEihf a&mpyf,vQif owdy|mef owdaÈ l d d f S l ponfjzifh rsm;aom tjym;udk &\? xkoYdk ra&mpyfyJ owd[aom rdrwyk'wnf;t&jzifh ,lvQif wyg;wnf;om d l d f &\/ odYk jzpf wyg;aomyk'wYkd Eihf ra&mpyfyJ owd 0D&,ponfjzifh ,lcaomf aAm"dyu, w&m;ud,f wq,fh f S d hJ d k av;yg;omvQif jzpfonf[k qkv\/ d kd 2-(1) owdy|mef? (2) ory"mef? (3) 'yg'f? (4) aÈ? (5) Adv?f (6) aAmZi?f (7) r*i-odkY d k f tpkvutm;jzifh cGvQif ckepfyg; tjym;Sonf [kqv\/ kd f J d kd kd 3-tao;pdwtus,ftjym;tm;jzifh .... oH;q,fcepfyg; tjym;Sue\-[k pyfyg/ f k h k d k f
rSwfcsuf
1-owdonf w&m;ud,tm;jzifh wyg;wnf;jzpfaomvnf; um,mEkyem tpSaom rdr\udpukd k f d d NyD;apaomaMumifh owdy|mef av;yg; owdaÈ owdAvf owdoarmZif ormowdr*if [l Spyg;jym;\? dk f odYk aom enf;jzifh tcsKYd aom aAm"dyu,w&m;onf rsm;aomtjym;Sd\? xdYk aMumifvnf; oH;q,fcepfyg; d h k h k jzpfonf[k qdv\/ k kd 2-tuGtjym;rSaom qE'yg'fponfrm okyw&m;ud,tm;jzifh wyg;pDomjzpf\? xkYd aMumifvnf; J d d d S f k f h oH;q,fcepfyg; jzpfonf[k qdv\/ k h k k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-ra*PH-[laom ygVdt& r*fPf[k twdtus jyefoifaomfvnf; r*fjzpfaomPfonf h r*fPfyif jzpfaomaMumifh jrefrmpum; acsmap&ef r*fPf[om jyefqvuonf/ k kd kd f 2-edAmefujkd rifaom teufoabmaMumifh orm'd|d rnfaom w&m;onf-[k qdv\/ ormouFyonf k kd paom aemufr*iwYkdvnf; enf;wlyif jzpfonf/ f
rSwfcsuf
1-r*fPfwkdYonf .... y,fjcif;udk ywwfue\-[k pyfyg/ k f
273
rSwfcsuf
1-t&m b0a[mif;cEmwkYd Eihf b0opfcEmwkYd udk ,SOaponf[k qkvQif jrefrmpum;teuf t"dyg,f S f d om acsmarmzG,\? okYd aomfvnf; zave ur -tusKd;ESihf uHu,Oaponf[k qkaom aemufpum;ukd f dS dk S f d axmuf b0opfcEmwkYd Eihf b0a[mif;cEmwkYd uif;-[k jyefqonf/ S dk dk 2-ly&m*-lyb0 wyfrufom,mjcif;? tly&m*-tlyb0 wyfrufom,mjcif;? rme-rmefaxmifvm; T jcif;? O'p-ysHUvGijhf cif;? t0dZmtrSeurodjcif;-rSm;,Gi;pGm odjcif;/ f dk f 3-vnf; ESm-rSwcsuf 1-twki; jyefqxm;onf/ f d f dk 4-O'-txuf+bm*-tzkYd +,-aus;Zl;yonf-jzpfaponf=O'bm*d,txuftzkYd jA[mavmu H H h wwfaom w&m;/ jzpfap
5-oum,'d|-xifm;Saom kyemrftaygif; tw[k xifjrifaomt,l? 0dpupm-bk&m; w&m; oHCm d S d f d d oDvorm"dynm tusioumwkYd ,krm;rI? oDvAwy&mrmo-r*ipyg; tusifEihrqkiaom EGm; acG; ponf hf d H S f S f h S f d f wkYd \ tavhtusifh aumif;uifbu bk&m;ocifudk uk;uG,aom tavhtusifpaom wpkwckaom tavhtusifh Hk d f h H rQjzifh oHo&mqif;&JrS vGwajrmufonf[k ,kMH unfaomt,ltq Ak'bmomrSwyg;aom bmomwkYd f vGwajrmufa&; t,l[orQonf oDvAwy&mrmo twGi;0if\/ umr&m* - umr*kPtmkwYdk wyfrufr?I f l f f H y#dC-pdwysurI a'go/ f f
rSwfcsuf
1-ta"m-atmuf+bm*-tzdYk +,-jzpfaponf=ta"mbm*d, atmuftzdYk umravmu jzpfapwwfaom w&m;/ if;udk Mo&rm*d, oHa,mZOf[vnf; ac:\? Mo&H-rSmbuf atmufbuf umravmu? rQom l xl;onf/ 2-xde-pdw\ xdi;rIi;jcif; - ysif;&djcif;/ t[d&u - tukovrS rSujf cif;/ taemwy - tukovrS f k f d f d kd f kd f aMumufrvefYjcif;/ 3-rdpm'd|-rSm;aomtjrift,l? orm'd|\ qefYusibufjzpfonf/ rdpmouFy-rSm;aomtBuH/ rdpm0gpm d d f rSm;aom ravsmfaom pum;? rkom0g' ydoP0gpm zko0gpm oryvmy- 0pD'pkuf 4-yg;yif jzpfonf/ k k d rdpmurE-rSm;aom ravsmfaom trI? ygPmwdygw t'dEm'ge umarokrpmpm&- um,'k pkuf 3-yg;yif d d jzpfonf/ rdpmtmZD0-rSm;aom rw&m;aom toufarG;rI? owfjcif; cd;jcif; vdrjf cif; paom 'kpkutrIwYdkjzifh k d f rw&m;pD;yGg;SmrIjzpfonf/ rdpm0g,mr-rSm;aom tm;xkwr?I tukovtrI [lorQ tm;xkwaom vHYk v 0D&, f d kd f f d jzpfonf/ rdpmowd-rSm;aom ravsmfaom trSw&rI? tukovf trIumr*kPwYdk Eihf pyf aS;a[mif;rsm;udk jyef f kd f S trSw&aom tukovf pdwK yg'fjzpfonf/ rdpmorm"d-rSm;aom ravsmaom pdwwnfMunfr?I tukovtrIwYdk f kd f f kd f pdw\ pl;pduwnfNidrrI jzpfonf/ rdpm-rSm;aom+tw - oabm = rdpw-rSm;aom oabm/ f k f f
274
rSwfcsuf
1-rdpm0drw-rSm;aomvGwajrmufjcif;? udavomwkYd rS rvGwao;ygyJ vGwNf yD-[k xifjrifvsuf qifjcifrI k d f f jzpfonf/ rdpmmP-tukovtrIwYdk udk NyD;ajrmufap&ef BuHpnfaom todPfEihf xkoYdk BuHpnf yvkyf dk f S d cJonfudk aumif;onf[k jyefvnfqifjcifr?I w&m;uk,tm;jzifh arm[yifjzpfonf/ h d f 2-taMumif;\trnfjzifh tusKd;ukwifpm; ac:jcif;onf um&Plypm rnf\/ d 3-avmu"r-avmurnfaom ow0gwkYd jzpfavhaomw&m;-avmurnfaom ow0gwkYd awGUuH&NrJ dS jzpfaomw&m;/ 4-rdrae&mausmif; olwyg;wkYd tm; raeapvkjd cif;onf tm0gorp&,rnf\/ rdrEipyfaom 'um d d d S hf 'umrwkYd udk olwyg;ESihf rpyfqiapvkjd cif;onf ukvrp&,rnf\/ vmbfvmbwkYd udk rdrom&vk olwyg; dk f d d d wkYd tm; r&apvkjd cif;onf vmbrp&, rnf\/ rdrwwfoxm;aom w&m;usrf;*efwYdk udk olwyg;wkYd tm; d d d rwwfoapvkjd cif;onf "rrp&,rnf\/ rdrrm jynfpaom*kPudk olwyg;tm; rjynfpapvkjd cif;onf 0Prp&, d d d S h Hk f h Hk d rnf\/ rp&,ig;yg;ESipyf teuft"dyg,ftus,fudk 0dyemIenf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ eHygwf (261)Munfyg/ d hf d h
rSwfcsuf
1-onm0dyvmo-trSwrm;jcif;/ pdw0yvmo-todrm;jcif;/ 'd|0yvmo-t,lrm;jcif;/ 0dyvmo f S d S d d S wkYd onf rNrJonf NrJonf[if;? qif;&J csrf;om[lif;? twr[kwonf tw[if;? rwifw,fonf l f l h wifw,fonf[if; trSwf tod txifrm;jcif;wkYd \ tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;yg;vQif av;yg;pD uGjJ ym;aomaMumifh h l S f 12-yg; tjym;Sdukef\/ 2-rdr,qxm;aom obt,l Oap't,l ponfukd taMumif;y ig\ t,lomvQif rSeonf? d l f tjcm;t,ltm;vH; rSm;onf-[k NrJNrHpm ESv;oGi; ,lqjcif;udk 'Hopmbdea0o - [k ac:onf/ k G kH f d
rSwfcsuf
1-trr[kwf+*wda&muftyfonf = t*wd-ra&muftyf ra&mufxuaom w&m;/ dk f 2-tm-wkiatmif+o0jzpfwwfonf = tmo0-a*gMwblEihf b0*fwiatmif tmkH yvsuf jzpfwwfaom d f S dk f w&m;/ wenf; tmtNrJ+o0,kxuwwfonf=tmo0-tNrJwrf;,kxuwwfaomw&m;/ wenf; tm-tvGef + d G f d G f o0-jzpfapwwfonf=tmo0-oHo&mqif;&Judk tvGejf zpfyg;apwwfaomw&m;/ G 3-Mo-t0-ESpjf rKyf+C-[eowfwwfonf=MoCESpjf rKyf owfwwfaomw&m;/ 4-a,m*tmkEiif; qif;&J'uEiif; ,SOapwwfaomw&m;/ H S hf k S hf f
rSwfcsuf
1-y&awm - trSerwyg; trSm;tm;jzif-[k wduujf yefoifaomfvnf; jrefrmpum; acsmap&ef xdy'\ f S h k f dk h k k f vd&if;teufjzpfaom r[kwrrSeaom oabm\ 0daooey jyefxm;onf/ k f f 2-y&-trSerwyg; trSm; + tmrmo-oH;oyfonf = y&mrmo-trSm;tm;jzifh oH;oyfonf-trSm;udk f S k k oH;oyfaom w&m;/ k
275
rSwfcsuf
1-ygVduwuujf yefvQif ]]ig;yg;aomw&m;wkYd onf yXrr*fPfu y,fowftyfaom w&m;wkYd wnf;}} dk dk f dk [ljzpf\/ jrefrmpum;acsmap&ef uHa[mukd uwm;a[my jyefxm;onf/ aemufy'wYdk vnf; enf;wlyif/ k f 2-yXrr*fu tyg,fusapEkiaom umr&m*ESihf y#dCwkYd uom y,fonf? tyg,frusapEkiaom umr&m* d f dk d f ESihf y#dCwkYd rm <uif;usefao;onf/ if;wkYd udk <uif;aom-[k qkonf/ S d
rSwfcsuf
1-0gus wduujf yefvQif ]]aemufvnf; tMuiftMuify' omvQif [laom o'gjzifh uefYowfjcif; k f dk k f udk ryuket?hH xdxy' tMuiftMuif tukovw&m;udk txufr*fu owftyfaom w&m;-[k qduet?Hh xdxkd f k kd k f kd f k k f k tukovf w&m;onf aS;PfwYdk u y,fowftyfNyD;aom tyg,*reD, ponf\ tjzpfonfomvQifjzpf kd dS txufPfu owftyfaom w&m;jzpfonf-[k odtyf\}} [l jzpf\/ okwenf;aom olwYdk em;vnf&ef cJ,Of;\/ xkYd aMumifh qdvaom teufuom,l jrefrmpum; acsmacsm jyefxm;onf/ umr&m*paom tukovf k kd kd kd w&m;rSm tyg,foYkd usapEdiaom tMurf;qH; tzdYk tydi;vnf; S\? if;udk tyg,*reD,m-[k ac:onf/ k f k k f d xdtyg,*reD,tzdYk ukd aomwmywr*fu y,f\/ xkYd jyif tyg,foYkd rusapEdiaomfvnf; keYf &if;Murf;wrf;onfk d k f [k qd&aom tzdYk tydi;vnf; S\? xdtzdYk ukd ou'g*grdr*fu y,f\? xkYd jyif odrarGYonf-[k qk&aom k k f d k f d tydkif;vnf; Sd\? xdtzdYk ukd tem*grdr*fu y,f\/ tvGeorarGYaom ly&m* ponfuum; tem*grdr*fuvnf; k f d f kd ry,fEi?f xkoYdk aom tukovtzdYk ukd t&[wr*fu y,f\/ xkYd aMumifh pwkwr*fuomvQif-[k rqkyJ kd d kd f d pwkwr*fu y,fonf-[k omvQi-o'grygyJ qdxm;&m xdtukovf\ tyg,*reD,tzdYk ukd yXrr*fu f k k kd y,fonf? keYf &if;aom tzdYk ukd 'kw,r*fu y,fonf? odrarGYaomtzdYk ukd wwd,r*fu y,fonf/ <uif;uefaom d f tvGeorarGYaom tzdYk ukd pwkwr*fu t<uif;rJh y,fonf-[k odYk ,l&ef pmyd'u Tejf yonf/ f d f k f 2- omvQi-o'gjzifh uefYowfjcif; rSaomaMumifh a'go\ tyg,*reD,tzdYk keYf &if;aom f d tzkYd wYdk ukd yXr 'kw,r*fwYkd u y,fNyD;jzpfonf/ <uif;usefaom odrarGYaomtzdYk ukd wwd,r*fu t<uif;rJh d f y,fonf-[k ,ltyf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-vnf; omvQi-o'gjzifh uefYowfjcif; rSaomaMumifh avmbpaom udavom ckepfyg;wkYd \ f d tyg,*reD, paom tzkYd wYdk udk atmufr*f 3-yg;wkYd u tpOftwki; y,fcNhJ yD; jzpfonf-[k,tyf\/ d f l 2-vnf; uefYowfjcif; rSaomaMumifh rdpmouFy ydoP0gpm zko0gpmwkYd \ tyg,*reD,tzkYd d k keYf &if;aom tzkYd wYdk udk yXr*f 'kw,r*fwYdk u y,fcNhJ yD; jzpfonf-[k ,ltyf\/ d 3-0gpmpum;onf o'yf jzpf y,ftyfaom w&m;r[kw?f okYd aomfvnf; 0gpm-pum;[laom k a0g[m&jzifh xk*;pum; ponfuajym&ef aphaqmf wkuwe;aom apwemukom qkvonf? xkapwemukom d Hk dk d f G f d d dk d d y,fonf-[k ,l&ef nTejf yonf/ okYd aomf apwemrSvQif xkoYdk aom rdpm0gpm pum;rsKd;onf trsm;tm;jzifh d d uif;\/ tSiyvE0puoYdk tcsKdUaomyk*K vtm;omvQif 0goemtavsmuf tukovf apwem rygyJ ajymqkjd cif; f d d hJ d f dk Sdayonf/ 4-tcsKdUq&m[l jrefrmjyef&aomygVdy'rsm;rSm aupd{au{uap-[l okH;rsKd; Sd\? xkwif aupdk f d G tcsKUd q&m-[k qkvQif usrf;q&matmuf ,kwavsmhaom yk*Kd vf-[k ,l&\? {au-{uap - tcsKdYq&mwkYd -[k d f qdvQif usrf;q&mESihf *kP&nfw-[k ,l&\/ xkYd aMumifh ygVdrtwki; ,lqEdiap&ef {au-[laom ygVdyg k f l l d f k f azmfjyxm;onf/ aemufvnf; odYk azmfjy&m enf;wlyifrw/ S f
276
rSwfcsuf
1- ygVdukd wkdufkdufjyefvQif ]]umr-[k vmaomaMumif}h }[l jzpf\? tcsKUd u em;vnfMurnf r[kw?f xkYd aMumifh t"dyg,fuom,l jyefqxm;onf/ dk dk
rSwfcsuf
1-ynmudk yGg;aprI-tm;xkwronf pdwEiwuG tm;xkwrI jzpfaomaMumifh xdtm;xkwronf udavom f I f S hf f k f I wkYd Eihf r,SO-[k ,lcvQif xdk udavomwkYd onf pdwEir,SOaom w&m;wdYk jzpfavuke&m\-[k tjypfjyonf/ S f hJ f S hf f f 2-y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmfyifvQif .... ar;NyD;vQif wzef .... tjypfjyqdNk yD;vQif .... y,fjrpfavNyD/ xkYd twlyif d .... ponfjzifh pyf aemufq; ]]atmufygpum;udk a[mMum;awmfr\}} - wdiatmif pyfyg/ kH l k f 3-,Gm,H-[k Saom y#dor'gr*f ygVdawmf pmrlomvQif ,kww&jzpf xdrt& jyefonf/ d d k l
rSwfcsuf
1-pdw\ ajy;0ifjcif;aMumif-[laom [dwy'udk ]]rjzpfvmuke?f ray:vmuke}f }ponfwYdk pyfyg/ f h f k f 2-tm;xkwjf cif;rSm bm0em tm;xkwjf cif;r[kw?f tm,l[eac:aom tm;xkwrI jzpfonf/ aumif;pm; f csrf;om&ef tm;xkwaom ukovf tukovuH jzpfonf/ f dk dk f
rSwfcsuf
1-blr-udavom\ jzpf&mbHk tmk+v' - &onf + OyE - jzpfay:onf - blrv'KyE - jzpf&mbHk d H d tmkukd &xm;aomaMumifh b,ftcsderqdk jzpfay:Edi ]]jzpfay:aeonf}}[k qk&aom udavom/ H f k f d 2- wduujf yefvQif jzpfjcif; tdjk cif; ysujf cif;ESihf jynfpaom - [l jzpf\/ odv,ap&ef k f dk h kH G f t"dyg,fukd omv,l jyefxm;onf/ 3-wduujf yefvQif ed&'H - csKyfavaom-[k jzpf\? jrefrmpum; 0daooersm;vQif racsm? xdYk aMumifh k f dk a[wkrE0aooey ]]csKyfavaomaMumif}h }[k jyefxm;onf/ d 4-uHonf .... tcGihf yvsuf wnfaomaMumifh .... MoumouwkyE rnf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-0dygufonf .... MoumouwkyE rmf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-olwyg;u udavomjzifh tmkH yonftwGuf tmkH ycH&olrm udavom\ jzpf&mbkudk &onf[um; h S H l rqk&-[k qkv\/ d d dk 3-&[Emyk*Kd vfwYdk u odxm;NyD;jzpfaom cEmwkYd uaomfvnf; udavomSowYdk u tmkH y udavom dk d l jzpfMuao;\? odxm;NyD;r[kwaomcEmwkYd udk tjcm;olwYkd u tmkH y udavom jzpfwwfMuonfrm qkb,yif f S d G f rSdNyD-[k qkv\/ d dk
277
rSwfcsuf
1-olwyg;oEmefu udavomudk bk&m;aomfvnf; ry,fEi?f xkYd aMumifh xdowyg;\ udavomonf kd k l bk&m;tpSaom t&d,mwkYd y,fEiaumif;aom udavomr[kw?f xduavomSoonfomvQif y,foifh d kd f k d d l y,fxuaom udavom jzpfonf-[k qkv\/ kd f d kd 2-yk*Kd vfwOD;\ oEmefu ude;ao udavomwkYd \ jzpf&monf xdk yk*Kd vf\ oEmef-[k ac:aom f cEmtpOfomvQif jzpfonf/ tjcm;olwYdk \ oEmefr[kw?f tjcm;olwYdk\ oEmef rjzpf? xdy*Kd vf\ oEmef k k omvQif jzpfonf-[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-BuD;pGmaom opfyifonf ajrjyifwnf .... rSD .... BuD;yGg;vsuf .... jynfhapvsuf ....SnfjyefYqufpyf apvsuf .... wnfvwfaomf-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-trsKd;om;onf .... tm;xkwf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-ykxZOf aoujzpfpOfu tusK;ay;wwfaom um,uH 0pDuH raemuH rsK;onf &[EmtjzpfoYkd k d d a&mufaomtcg aS;uESitvm;wl w&m;a[mjcif; tpSaom tukovtrIrsKd;udk yvwfaomfvnf; tusKd;ay; hf d kd f wwfaom ukovtjzpf? Bud,m[kac:aom yrI oufoufrQom jzpfavawmhonf? xkYd aMumifh xdk trI[orQonf kd f l b0opfyemrf cEmtpOfukd rjzpfapEdiawmhNyD-[k qdv\/ k f k f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1- r[mwdrax&f\ 0wKtus,frm ,ckvufdS t|uxm#DumwkYd rawGU&awmhay/ rlvyPmo S t|uxm (2-50)rlum; tvm;wl0wKwckudk atmufygtwki; awGU&\.... d f &[ef;i,fwyg;onf umv'DC0gydm wHcg;teD;Sd ausmif;wkuoYdk pmoif&efom;\? q&mawmfrax&fBuD; G d f G u xk&[ef;i,frmjzpfay:rnfh tE&m,fujdk rif ]]xkmxJoYdk roGm;ygbl;[k 0efcvQif pmoif cGiay;rnf}}[k qk\? d S d G H hf d &[ef;i,fvnf; ]]xkmxJoYdk roGm;yg}}[k 0efcNH yD;vQif pmoifae\/ pmoifjcif; udp NyD; jyefawmhrnfyaomtcg d G ]]igtm; GmwGi;okYd om;&ef q&mawmfu tcGiryonfrm tb,ftaMumif; aMumifenf;}}[k pkprf;vkojzifh f G hf S h H d oCFe;k xkmwGi;okYd qGr;cH0ifom;\? wckaomtdr trsKd;orD;i,fwOD;onf t0ga&mifxrDt0wfudk f H d G f f G f 0wfqifvsuf &yfae,if; xk&[ef;i,fudk jrifvwfaomf wyfrufjcif;&m*jzpf a,mufcsKjd zifh qefywf,m*kudk d ,lvmNyD;vQif xk&[ef;i,f\ oydw avmif;xnfNh yD;aemuf tdrxoYdk jyef c#ifay: vJavsmif;aeav\? xkdtcg d f f J rdcifbcifwYdk u ]]cspforD; tb,foYdk jzpfoenf;}}[k ar;vwfaomf ]],ckyif wHcg;aygufu xGuom;aom &[ef;i,f f G ukd &vQif toufiEirnf? r&vQifawmh ao&ygawmhrnf}}[k qk\? orD;cspfuav;tm; tvGejf rwfE; ,k, S f dk f d dk aeaom rdcif bcifwYdk onf tvGeyif pk;&dryyefvS aomaMumifh vsifjrefpm vku &[ef;i,fudk GmwHcg;ayguf f d f l G d f rSvwfaomf ]]jyef<uNyD; qGr;tvSLcHygOD;}}[k avQmufue\/ &[ef;i,fu ]]jynfpygNyD? rvkygbl;? oGm;awmhrnf}}[k D f k f h Hk d qk\? xktcg orD;\rdbwkYd u taMumif;rSeukd ajymjyNyD;vQif rdrwYkdrm ypn;Opmu rnf rnfrQjynfp<kH u,f0 d d f d S f h aMumif;? orD;wOD;wnf;om SaMumif;/ om;BuD;t&m wnf csrf;ompGm ae&rnftaMumif;rsm;vnf; ajymjy d h jzm;a,mif; awmif;yefMu\? &[ef;i,fonfum; ]]ighrm vdk taESmiftzGYJ yvdaAm"jzifh tvdrS}d }[k qdNk yD;vQif S k awmif;yefajymqdcsuukd rem,lyJ zJom;av\/ k f G rdbwdYk onf jyefom; taMumif;rSeukd ajymjy\ ]]cspforD; tvd&m trsKd;om;wa,mufukd &aprnf? G f k dS tdy&mrSxygavmh? pm;yg aomufygavmh}}[k qdMk uaomfvnf; xdoi,fronf tdy&mrSrxyJ rpm;raomufyJ f k l f aeojzifh ckepf&ufMumaomtcg aoqH;oGm;Smav\/ rdbwkYd onf orD;\ tavmif;udk o*[Nf yD;aomtcg xdk k orD;\ t0ga&mifxrDt0wfukd GmOD;ausmif;wduu oHCmtm; v'gef;vduue\? oHCmawmfonf tydi;ydi; k f k f k f k f k f
278
jzwf a0jcrf;vdu\? OD;yOi;BuD;wyg;onf rdrtwGu&aom xdxrDt0wfyi; wcku, uvsmPDausmif;wduf k f f d f k kd f kd l k odYk vmcJ\? xd&[ef;i,fonfvnf; uvsmPDausmif;wduoYkd apwD (bk&m;) zl;ajrmf&efvma&muf aeYoefYpif&m h k k f t&yf aecdujf zpf\/ xdtcg xdO;yOi;BuD;u xkt0ga&mifxrD t0wftydi;uav;udk xkw, ]]t0wfyi; k k k D f d k f f l kd f jzifh ightm; a&ppfyvkyay;yg}}[k xd&[ef;i,ftm; cdi;av\/ xd&[ef;i,fonf ]]xdt0wfyi;udk b,fu&vmyg f k k f k k kd f oenf;}}[k ar; taMumif;rsKd;pHukd tukef od&aomtcg ]]odYk aom oli,frESihf twlwuG raevdu&avjcif;}}[k k k f &m*rD;avmifuRrf; aoqH;& Smavowwf/ k
rSwfcsuf
1-t<uif;rJh ry,fEwtyfao;aomaMumifh torl[wrnf\? jzpfjcif; oabmSaeao;aomaMumifh OyE k f d rnf\? xdtaMumif; 2-yg;aMumifh torl[wkyErnf\[k qdv\/ k k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-wyg;yg;aomPf\ .... av;yg;aom udpwkdYudk - [k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-om"u ygVd pwm&d opmed-[k SaomaMumifh vnf; xdYk twlyif ygXfoif\/ xdkodkYSdvQif d dS h av;yg;aom opmwkYd onf-[k jyeftyf\/ txufyg jyefqcsufrmrl pmw&d udpmed-[k SaomygXft& jyefxm;csuf kd S d jzpfonf/ 2-opmav;yg;wkYd onf 16-yg;aom tjcif;t&mwdYk jzifh rSeaomoabmjzpfue\/ xdreaom oabmtm; f k f k S f jzifh odtyfaom tjcif;t&mSMd uonf-[k qdv\/ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1- ajzSi;csuf\ tqk;yki;ed*;pum; ]]ovuP0aoe {auu rdroabmvuPm\ f H d f Hk d tpGr;tm;jzifh wyg;wyg;aom teufoabm (xifm;jcif;aMumif)}}[k SaomaMumifh tpyki;pum;yvivnf; f S h d d f f ovuP0aoe-[laomyk'f rkcsyifoif\? xkYd aMumifh t&m vufonf;uGi;jzifjh yvsuf jznfpujf yefqdk dS h f h G xm;onf/
rSwfcsuf
1-ork',opm\vnf; - [laom yk'ukd taMumif;oabm ,SOjf cif;oabm aESmif,uwm;jrpfjcif; f h S f oabm[laom oH;yk'wYkd Eihf pyfyg/ k f S
rSwfcsuf
1-eda&m"opm\vnf;-[laomyk'udk uif;qdwaomoabm rytyfaomoabm raorysujf cif;oabm f f - [laom ok;yk'wYdk Eihf pyfyg/ H f S 2-r*opm\vnf;-[laomyk'udk a&mufaMumif;oabm jrifjcif;oabm tBuD;tr; jzpfjcif;oabmf [laom ok;yk'wYdk Eihf pyfyg/ H f S
rSwfcsuf
1-tus,ftm;jzifh a[mxm;aom .... y[meynmonf .... y[mey&dnmrnf\-[k pyfyg/
279
rSwfcsuf
1-pmrsufEm 366? tEkywd\tzGihf pmyd'wYdk ue;onf/ xdxuftus,fukd odvvQif 0dyemIenf; S k f kd T f k kd usr; 'kw,wGJ tcPf; (7) pmrsufEm (q|ESy) 349- (owrESy) 384-pnfrm Munfygav/ f d S d f d f S h I 2-{0H 0kwm[laom ygXfrS jrefrmpum;acsmap&ef jyifjyefqcsufjzpfonf/ wduujf yefvQif ]]odYk dk k f dk a[mxm;aom}}-[k jyeftyf\? if;udvnf; ]]Gwui;onf\ tjzpfwnf;}} - [laom yk' pyftyf\/ k f kd f f
rSwfcsuf
1-onfvnf; {0H 0kwm-[laom ygXfrS jrefrmpum;acsmap&ef jyif jyefqcsufyif jzpfonf/ odYk kd a[mxm;aom-[k wduujf yefvQif 0dyemwnf;-[laom yk'Eipyf/ k f dk f S hf 2-twrS qdwoO;onf\ tjzpfukd Ijrifvsufjzpfaom-[k qdv\/ f k f k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-vmaom .... awGYjcif;onf-[k pyfyg/ xduoYdk a[mxm;aom awGYjcif;[k qdv\/ k hJ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-pmrsufEm 492-pmyk'f 849- jycJaom udavomwdYk ukd jyqdonf/ S d h k
rSwfcsuf
1-pmrsuEm 497-pmyk'f 851- jycJaom udavomwkYd uqonf/ f S d h dk dk 2-usa&mufvsufSdaom.... udavom wnf;[laom uGe&ufudk - [k pyfyg/ f 3-towfc&jcif; taESmiftzGUJ cH&jcif; tpSaom tusKd;rJh tyg,f'*woYdk usa&mufjcif; xuf0ef;usif H d k d pdwudk ylavmifapjcif; tpSaom tusKd;rJh b0opfjzpfjcif; tpSaom tusKd;rJwYdk udk qkonf/ f d d h d 4-uGef&ufukd .... zsufqD;wwf\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-udavom Nidr;onfh orPjzpfaMumif; jzpfaomr*f 4-yg;udk omrn-[k ac:onf/ xdk\tusKd; f jzpfaom zdvf 4-yg;udk omrnzv - omrnzdv-[k ac:onf/ k k f 2-yg&mZduu@ t|uxm uxm0wK t|uxm ponfwYdk 10-yg;aom rlv*dP;uGJ wkYd uif; (1) k f kd a[r0wdu*kP; (2) &mZ*d&u*dP; (3) od'wu*dP; (4) ykAaovd,*dP; (5) ty&aovd,*dP; (6) d f d k f d k f k f k f 0gZd&,*dP; (7) a0wkv*P; (8) tEu*kP;[laom aemufw; *dP;uGwYdk uif; jyqdxm;\? 0do'r*fe'gef; d k f kd f d f kd k f J kd k k d d omoemawmfqif;oufvmyHk tpOftquf - ponfwYdk tenf;i,fcsJY jyxm;\/ xkdwGif tEu*dkP; [lonfrm f S tdE,jynfawmifyi; tÈme,f jzpfay:xifm;cJaom *dP;jzpfonf/ tpSd - [laom yk'jf zifh xd*P;om;wkYd Eihf d kd f S h k f k dk f S t,lwaom xdacwfu tjcm; *dP;uGrsm;udk ,ltyf\/ l k k f J 3-#DumESitnD ya,m*y#dy'ynm-yk'rS jyefqcsujf zpfonf/ aemuf tus,jf y&mwGif ]]wra,m* hf d f kd y#dy'wm OyZwd orm'd|-xkaomwmywr*f[aom xjcif; ya,m* Nidr;onf\ tjzpfaMumifh orm'd|onf d d d l f d
280
jzpfay:\}}-[laom zGiqcsuEihf ES;aESmMunfvQif ya,my#dy'dynm[laom yk'udk ]]r*f[aom xjcif;ya,m* hf kd f S D h f l Nidr;jcif; (NyD;qk;jcif;)aMumifh jzpfaom ynmonf}}[k jyefoifouJoYdk S\/ f H h h d
rSwfcsuf
1- 'kw,om"ujzifh eda&m"ormywfrS xaomtcg aS;OD;pGm jzpfay:vmaom tem*grdzvEihf d dk f S t&[wzvtm; eda&m"ormywfoYdk a&mufcgeD; aemufq;csKyfcaom ae0onmemonm,we r[*Kwf dk f Hk hJ pdwK yg'fu teE&owjd zifh aus;Zl;yonfudk jy\/
rSwfcsuf
1-avmuD ormywfwYdk t&m ykxZOfonf txuformywfwYdk ukd &aomtcgvnf; ykxZOfyif? atmuf k k ormywfrS txuformywfoYkd a&mufonftwGuf yk*Kd vfwyg;tjzpfoYkd ra&muf? xdYk aMumifh tv,formywfwYkd ukd h &aomolonf atmuformywfwYdkuvnf; 0ifpm;Edi\/ avmukw&m zdvwYkd um; xduoYkd r[kw?f ykxZOfu kd k f k f k hJ k aomwmywzvu&vQif ykxZOf r[kwawmhNyD? aomwmyef rnfaom yk*Kd vfwyg; tjzpfoYkd a&mufom;\/ xdk d kd f kd k f G twlyif aomwmyef ponfu ou'g*grdzvf ponfukd &vQif ou'g*grfpaom yk*Kd vfwyg;tjzpfoYkd kd a&mufom;\? xkYd aMumifh atmufzvrsm;uonf rdrEihf rqdiawmhNyD/ Oyrm - aS;b0u rdru,yijf zpfcaom G kd f d S k f d kd f kd hJ b0ifpwonf b0wyg;odYk ajymif;oGm;aomtcg rdrEihf rqkiawmhouJoYkd wnf;/ xdYk aMumifh txuf t&d,m d f d S d f h yk*Kd vfwYdkonf atmufjzpfaom zdvrsm;udk r0ifpm;EdiMf u[k qdv\/ k f k k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-vufonf;uGi;twGi;u pum;rSm okw enf;olwYdk em;vnf vG,ap&ef jznfpucsuf jzpfonf/ f f f h G f 2-xktaMumif;onf.... oifavsmfaomtaMumif; r[kwonfomwnf;-[k pyfyg/ d h f 3-aomwmywdr*fudk &jcif;tusKd;iSg ... vTr;rk; jzpfaomaMumif-[k pyfyg/ aemufvnf; tusKd;iSg f d h yk'wYdk udk enf;wlyif pyfyg/ f 4-pmyk'onf t&m jyvk&if;om"ujzpfonf? xkYd twl ou'g*grd-zvormywftusKd;iSg [laom d f d pmyk'onfvnf; t&m vk&if;om"uyifjzpfonf/ if;ukd ay,smvjzifh jrKyf jyxm;onf/ d f d
rSwfcsuf
1-2-tew [k Ia&mufaom t&[w zvormywfukd oknw0d[m& ormywf[k ac:onf? tedp[k I a&mufaom zvormywfukd tedrw0[m&ormywf[k ac:onf/ xkYd aMumifh t&[wzvormywf tusKd;iSg[k d d qkaom aS;tyd'jf zifh 'ku[k I a&mufaom t&[wzvukd ,ltyf\/ if;udk tyPd[dw ormywf[k ac:onf/ d k dk f 3-tedrw - ocFg&edrwuif;aom? 0g? NrJonfy[ef oPmef edrwuif;aom + apawm0drwd - pdw\ d d f h kH d f k f vGwajrmufjcif;? 0g? vGwajrmufaom zdvpw/ f f k f d f
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;wkYd onf .... ESpyg;wkYd aywnf;-[k pyfyg/ f 2-0daooeyk'jf zifh ]]zvormywf0x a*gMwblonf edAmefudk tmkry? ocFg&ukomvQif tmkH y D d H d onf}}[k jy\/
281
3-omoemESpf 236-rSm oD[VoYdk omoema&muf r[m0d[m&ausmif;wkuup wnfaxmifconf? dk f d f dk hJ xkausmif;wku oDwif;ok;aom q&mtpOftqufudk r[m0d[m&0goD[k ac:onf/ omoemESpf 455-ESihf 466d d f H twGi; 0*grPdrif;u tb,*d&d ausmif;wkuudk aqmufvyvL'gef;onf? xkausmif;wku oDwif;ok;aom f d f k f S d d f H q&mtpOftqufudk tb,*d&0goD[k ac:onf/ xktb,*d&0goDwYdk onf aemufumv r[m0d[m&0goDwYdk \ d d d t,lEiqefYusifaom xkx*P;*PwkYd \ t,l0g'wkYd uvnf; vufcue\? a0wk v [k ac:aom r[m,me0g' S hf d dk dk f dk H k f ukvnf; vufcue\/ d H k f
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;wdYk onf .... oHk;yg;wdkYwnf;-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-taMumif;wkdYonf .... ESpfyg;wkdYwnf;-[k pyfyg/ 2-zkvpwtpOfjywfp b0ifpwjf zpfay:aomtcg zvormywfrx\? xkb0ifpwonf kyerwuom d f d f J d S d d f f d d f dk vQif tmkHyonfvnf;Sd\? a0'emponfwYdk wif wckcuom tmkH yonfvnf;S\/ okYd jzpf xkb0if trsKd;rsKd; G k dk d d wkYd \ tmkerwtrsKd;rsKd;wkYd udk tukeor;,l jyaompum;[k qkvonf/ H d d f f d f d dk
rSwfcsuf
1-em;vnfv,ap&ef yXr*gxmudk w0guscG jyefxm;onf/ wduujf yefvQif .... udavomtylukd G f J k f dk wzef Nidr;apwwfaom trdueAmefvQif tmkaom wifw,faom axG;tef pGeYf y,fNyD;aom avmumrdo Saom f f d H dS h d Nidroufat;csr;pGmaom jrwfaom omrnzdvu-[l jzpf\/ if;udk aemuf*gxm tqH;yk'jf zpfaom ]]pGwpkd f f k f kd k f aptyf\}} [laom yk'Eihf pyftyf\/ f S 2-vufonf;uGi;twGi;u yk'rm yXr*gxm uwm;tjzpfjzifh jyif jyefcaomaMumifh *gxm f f f S hJ rlv&if; uHy'twdi;xyf azmfjyxm;aom yk'jf zpfonf/ if;udk pdpwaptyf\-[laom yk'Eipyfyg/ k f k f k G f f S hf 3-rlvu tvdvcsKdaeaom t&momxJ ysm;oum tcsKd&nfukd xyfavmif;ouJoYkd olYtvdvkd tvGef k kd h k aumif;jrwfaeaom zdvxrm tvGeom,mzG,aumif;aom zdvcsr;omudk qrf;xnfxm;ovdyif pdpwaponfk f J S f f k f f h k k G f [k qdv\/ tMuifzvcsrf;omjzifh pdpwaptyf\ .... xdkzdkvfcsrf;omudk .... cHpm;&ay\-[k vnf;pyfyg/ k kd kd f k G f
rSwfcsuf
1-oku-ajcmufaoGYonf + 0dyu - 0dyemIol - oku0yu - Oypm&orm"d - tyemorm"d d [laom orxtqDtap; rygojzifh ajcmufaoGYpm (tajcmufwu) 0dyemIo?l orxorm"dukd tajccH ryyJ G kd f 0dyemoufouf tem*grf &[Emjzpfvmaom yk*Kd vf[k qdv\/ I k kd 2-avhvmEdieif;ol jzpfaMumif;jzpfaom ynmudk avhvmEdieif;onf\ tjzpf[aom ynm-[k qkonf/ k f k f l d uRrf;usifaom ynmudk taMumif;y xdoYkd aom yk*Kd vfukd avhvmEdieif;ol-[k ac:qd&\? xdynmonf k k f k k avhvmEdieif;aom ynm uRr;usiaom ynmyifjzpfonf/ k f f f
rSwfcsuf
1-eD0&PjzpfvQif wkevyonfrnf\? yXrpsmefEijhf ynfpaeolrm eD0&P rjzpfEi?f okYd jzpf eD0&P f I f S h Hk S dk aMumifh rwkevy-[k qkonf/ eD0&PaMumifh wkevyjf cif;rS&atmif tm;ay;wwfaomaMumifh xkyXrpsmefonf f I f d f I d d orxtm;rnfonf-[k qkv\/ aemuftyk'wYdk vnf; enf;wlyif odygav/ d dk d f
282
rSwfcsuf
1-NrJonf[k xifrwvQif wkevyonfrnf\? tedpEyemjzifh rNrJ[k odjriform xdoYkdaom S f f I f k l S k wkevyjf cif; rS?d xdYk aMumifh tedpmEkyemonf 0dyemtm; rnfonf-[k qdv\/ aemuftyd'wYdk vnf; f I k kd k f enf;wlyif odygav/
rSwfcsuf
1-0pD-pum; + ocFg&-yrI-0pDocFg&-pum;ukd yaMumif;-pum; ajymqkaMumif;jzpfaom BuHpnfpOf;pm;rI? d pum;ajymvQif BuHpnfpOf;pm; ajym&onf? xkYd aMumifh BuHpnfpOf;pm;rI-0dwuf 0dpm&wkYd udk 0pDocFg&[k-ac:onf/ eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;aom yk*Kd vfonf psmefwYdk udk tpOftwki; 0ifpm; 0dyemI&\/ xkYd aMumifh d f 'kw,psmefudk 0ifpm;aomtcg xk0wuf 0dpm&wkYd onf Nidr;uke\/ okYd Nidr;ykudk qkonf/ d d d f f f H d 2-um,-uk,jf zifh + ocFg&-ytyfaomw&m;-um,ocFg&-ESmacgif; 0rf;Akupaom uk,jf zifh ytyfaom d d f d xGuouf 0ifouf/ if;wkYd rm pwkwpsmefoYdk a&mufaomtcg Nidr;uke\/ okYd Nidr;ykudk qkonf/ f S f f f H d 3-pdw-pdwjf zif+ocFg&-ytyfaomw&m;-pdwocFg&-(pdwEipyfjzpfaomaMumif) h f S hf h pdwjf zifh ytyfonf[k qk&aom a0'emonm/ if;wkYd onf eda&m"ormywfoYdk a&mufaomtcg Nidr;avuke\/ okYd Nidr;ykudk qkonf/ d f f f H d 4-Pp&d,m-yk'udk Pfjzpfjcif;[k jyefonf? Pf\jzpfjcif;[lvnf; jyeftyf\? t&rSmjzpfaomPf f omwnf;? r*-zvPp&d,mwkYd um; Pfjy"mef;aomaMumifh Pp&d,m[k qkonf[if;? Pfjzifh d l jzpfaptyfaomaMumifh Pp&d,m[k qkonf[if; #Dumqk\/ d l d
rSwfcsuf
1-orm"d\ jzpfjcif;[lvnf; jyeftyf\? t&rSm jzpfaomorm"domwnf;/ 2-0oDwYdk onf- igyg;wkdYwnf;-[k pyfyg/ 3-tm0Zem,-yk'ukd ESv;oGi;jcif;\ [lvnf; jyefMu\? aemuf ]]t"d|mae-t"d|mefaqmufwnf f kH f jcif;? 0k|mae? xjcif;}} [laom owr0bwf tqH;Saom yk'wYdk ukd axmuf ESv;oGi;jcif; - [laom D d k d f kH f owrteufomvQif oifonf/ xdEv;oGi;jcif; t&udvnf; 0do'r*fpaom t|uxm#DumwkYd psmeft*FgwkYd ukd D h k S kH f k k d jyefvn qifjcif&ef ESv;oGi;rI tm0Ze;-[k qdMk u\/ y#dor'gr*f t|uxmum; psmefukd 0ifpm;&ef S hf kH f f d ESv;oGi;rI[k qd\/ kH f k
rSwfcsuf
1-vnf; ormyZem,-yk'udk 0ifpm;jcif;iSg-[k jyefMu\? aSUESm rSwcsuf 3- jycJonfenf;wl f f h h owrD teufom oifonf/ h 2-t"d|mwd-yk'udk xm;\ [lvnf; jyefMu\? (wnfwap&ef) t"d|mefaqmufwnf\ [laom f hH jyefqcsufu ykSi;onf/ dk d f 3- t"d|mae-[k owr0bwfEihf SaomaMumifh tm0Zem, ponfwYdk vnf; owr0bwfyif[k D d S d D d ,ltyf\/ 4-vufzspwwGurQ ponf wkawmif;pGm wnfapEkirS 0oDabmf ajrmufonf[k t|uxm#DumwkYd f f d d f qkue\/ wkpmjzpfap MumSnpmjzpfap rdr&nf,onfh twki; wnfwapEkivQif 0oDabmf ajrmufonf [k d k f d G f G d G f d f hH d f ,loihouJoYdk \/ okYd rS ]],m0wdpu- tvkoavmuf umvywfv;}}[laom 0daooeESihf nDnwf ayrnf/ f h dS H d dS Hk G
283
rSwfcsuf
1-ab;&efjzpfaom .... wyfrufr&m*ud-[k pyfyg/ I k
rSwfcsuf
1-eda&m"H edAmeH-[laom yk'wYdk rS wkuuf twdtus jyefxm;aomteuf jzpfonf? csKyfjcif;ukyif tNidr; f d f dk d f "mwfeAmef-[k qkxm;onf? txl;owdyoif\/ d d h 2-ae&m .... xkdifae\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-0dyemEkYH vQif r*foYkdaES;aES;a&mufonf? xufvQif jrefjrefa&mufonf? rQomxl;onf? vuPmudk a&mufaom 0dyemonf r*fukd jzpfapEdionfom[k #Dum qd\/ k f k 2-zdvukd jzpfapEdiaom r*fonf xufoefouJoYkd xufoef&rnf[k qdv\/ k f k f h k kd 3-y#dor'gr*f t|uxm ]]ocFgkayumonf EkYH aomfvnf; zkvtm; aus;Zl;yonf}} [l qdxm;csuf d d f k vnf; Sdao;\? qH;jzwfcsuukd 0dyemIenf;usrf; 'kw,wGJ (q|ESy) 306 (owrESy) 332- Munfhyg/ k f d d f d f
rSwfcsuf
1-em;vnfv,ap&ef jrefrmpum;ajyjyefxm;onf? twdtus wkuujf yefvQif .... xktok;taqmif G f d f dk d H y&du&monf tMuiftjcif;t&mjzifh rysu?f rD; a& av ck;ol <uuf ponfwYdk\ tpGr;jzifh rysufp;? tjcif;t&m d f D jzifh t"d|mefytyf\-[l jzpf\/
rSwfcsuf
1-eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aeaom toQioO0rax&fukd ysveawmfronf[k xifrw EGm;ausmif;om; f d d H G f l S f ponfwYdk onf jrufxif;EGm;acs;wkYd jzifh pky rD;IYd ue\? rax&f\ ouFe; csnrQif wrQirQaomfvnf; kH k f f f f rD;ravmifyJ S\? odYk rD;ravmifjcif;onf tpOftwdi; 0ifpm;aeaom ormywfwYdk\ tpGr;jzifh jzpfaom orx d k f f orm"d\ tpGr;tmEkabmfaMumifh jzpfonf? wefc;udk qdonf/ f kd k 2-toQifom&dyMk wmonf toQifr[marm*vmefEitwl uayguacsuf0,f vomaom nOftcsde S hf h f xkiaepOf acgif;&dyf NyD;cgp awmufyaeaom OD;acgif;udk bDv;qd;wOD;u jyif;pGm ykwcwf\? rd;csKef; ouJoYkd d f l k f k h toHonf jrnf[;oGm;\? xdtcse toQiom&dyMk wmonf eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;\? xdbv;\ ykwcwfjcif; D k d f f k D l f aMumifh toQiom&dyMk wmtm; wpHw&m;rQ emusijf cif;rnfonf rjzpf? wefc;udk qdonf/ f k kd k
rSwfcsuf
1-trIupudk oHCmhtpnf;ta0;jzifh qk;jzwfaqmifurwYdk onf wduH wd'w,uH wdpwkwuH d H G f I d k d tyavmueuH [l 4-yg;tjym;Sd\/ xkwif yvkaomtrIudk oHCmtm; odap&ef wkiMf um;aom wf ac:aom d G d d pum;rQjzifh qk;jzwftwnfy&aomtrIudk wdu[k ac:onf/ xkoYdk aom wfEihf wuG twnfy qk;jzwfaMumif; H H d S H wMudrrQom ausnm tNyD;owf&aomtrIudk wd'w,uH[k ac:onf/ wfvQif ESpBf udrajrmufaom f k d f dS trIu[k qkv\? wfEihf wuG twnfy ausnmcsuf 3-Budrjf zifh tNyD;owf&aom trIudk wdpwkwu[k H d dk S H ac:onf? wfvQif 4-Budrajrmuf Saom trIu[k qkv\/ taMumif;t&mukd ajymMum;NyD;vqif oabmwl rwl f d H d dk 3-Budrwiwiar; NyD;jywfap&aom trIup;ukd tyavmueuH[k ac:onf? yefMum;aom trI[k qkv\/ f dk f dk f d d dk uHwYdk udk &nfonf/
284
rSwfcsuf
1-tm,k-touf+ocFg&-yjyifjcif;-tm,kocFg&-uHpaomtaMumif;wkYd jzifh touf[ac:aom ZD0waÈ/ k d d aygif;pk yjyifay;&aom
rSwfcsuf
1-a,musfm; wa,mufonf .... ausmufzsmodkYa&mufvwfaomf .... ryjyifrlomvQif .... qif;vQif .... pd;&draomaMumifh .... wzef jyefvnomvQif wnf\-ponfjzifh pyfyg/ k f S hf 2-cif;xm;aom .... ausmufzsmodYk -[k pyfyg/ xdausmufzsmrSm a&Saom acsmuf\ xdbufurf;p txuf k d k wnfonf? odYk r[kwf eufaom GYa&\ [dbufurf;p txuf wnfonf[k qdv\/ dS H k dS k kd 3-a&mufvwfaomf .... ryjyifomvQif .... qif;vQif[k pyfyg/ 4- (1) acsmufoYkd qif;umrQomvQif jyefvn wnfjcif;? (2) ausmufzsmudk eif;umrQomvQif S hf jyefvn wnfjcif;[l Oyrm ESprsKd;S&mwGif yXrOyrmjzifh eda&m"odYk ra&mufyJ tmudOnm,we psmefukd jyef S hf f d 0ifpm;&onfukd jyonf[if;? 'kw,jzifh eda&m"odYk a&mufumrQjzifh xdormywfrS xaomaMumifh wzef l d k tpOftwdi;0ifpm; tmudOnm,wepsmefoYdk a&muf&jyefonfudk jyonf[if; ,loif\/ k f l h
rSwfcsuf
1-yk*dK vfonfvnf; .... jyefvSnfh .... wnf\-[k pyfyg/ 2-0ifpm;NyD;omvQif .... csKyfjcif;okYd a&mufvsuf aeav\-[kpyfyg/ 3-wnfwjhH cif;onf .... (&nf,onftwki;) jzpf\-[k pyfyg/ G f h d f
rSwfcsuf
onf/ 1-ygVd*gxm w0guswnf;jzpfaomfvnf; okwenf;olwYdk odem;vnfv,ap&ef 3-0gus cG jyefxm; G f J
2-taMumif;jypum;jzifh ]]rnfonfr*fynmukd yGg;apNyD;jzpfonf[k txl;rcGjJ cm;rl r*fynmwyg;ukd h jzpfap? ESpyg;ukjd zpfap? ok;yg;ukjd zpfap? av;yg;vk;ukjd zpfap yGg;apNyD;jzpfaomaMumifh bm0dwynyk*Kd vf rnfonf}} f H H [k odap\/
rSwfcsuf
1-tm-aqmif,c + [kae,s - ylaZmfxuonf - tm[kae,s - t&yfa0;rS aomfvnf; aqmif,c l hJ dk f l hJ ylaZmfxuonf? xkoYkd ylaZmfjcif;udk cH,xuonf/ kd f d l kd f 2-yg[ke-{nfonfwYkd twGuf pDrxm;aom oH;aqmifz,f + {,s-xduwefonf+yg[kae,s-{nfonfwYdk h H k G k f h twGuf tjrwfwEd;yxm;aom oH;aqmifz,uaomfvnf; ay;vxuf cH,xuonf/ k k G f kd kd l kd f 3-'udPm-ow0gwkYd \ BuD;yGg;aMumif;jzpfaom ay;vr?I wrvGeavmuudk ,HMk unf ay;vryifwnf;? f I if;udk jrwfaom tvukd cHxuaomaMumifh 'uaP,s - jrwfaom tvukd cHxuaom yk*Kd vfrnf\/ kd f d kd f 4-tOv-vuftyf + u&PD,-yxduonf-tOvu&PD,-vuftycsDxuf - Sc;xduaom yk*Kd vf/ D k k f D k f kd d kd k f
285
5-ygVdtpOfonfh twdi;jyefvQif ]]yXrr*fynmudk yGg;ap EkYH aom 0dyemjzifh vmcJaom}} [ljzpf\? dS k f h jrefrmpum;racsm? xkYd aMumifh yk'tpOfaSYaemufjyefve jyefqxm;onf/ EkYaom 0dyemjzifh yXrr*foYkd f S f kd H a&mufcaom-[k qdv\/ hJ k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-vlUb0 ewfb0[laom umrok*wdb0wkYd ckepfb0wkiwif aomwmyeftjzpfEiyif usivnf d f dk S hf f ckepfcajrmuf aemufq;b0omvQif txufr*fzvf 3-qifudk tpOftwki;wuf &[Emjzpfvsuf y&deAmef k Hk dk h d f d 0ifponfudk qkv\/ H d dk 2-tenf;qk; ESpb0 trsm;qk; ajcmufb0wkiwif aomwmyeftjzpfEiyif usifvnf aemufq;b0 H f H d f dk S hf Hk omvQif &[Emjzpf y&deAmef0ifponf[k qkv\/ d H d dk 3-vlU b0 wBudromvQif xyfjzpfNyD;vQif xkb0yifvQif &[Emjzpf y&deAmef0ifponf[k qkv\/ f d d H d dk wckaom vlUb0[lonfrm a'oempOfrQom? wckaom ewfb0ukomvQif jzpfapNyD;vQif &[Emjzpf y&deAmef S d d 0ifpaom yk*Kd vfvnf; {uADZyifrnfonf[k #Dum qk\/ wckaomb0 aomwmyefjzpfNyD;vQif tjcm;wb0 H D d ou'g*grf tem*grfjzpf tjcm;wb0 &[Emjzpf y&deAmefpaomyk*Kd vfrm jyqkxm;aom aomwmyef d H S d ok;rsKd;rS tvGwjf zpfonf? xkoYdk aom aomwmyefudk ou'g*grfbtqifh tem*grfbtqifh &[Embktqifrsm;okYd H d Hk Hk H h wqifcsi; wufom;aomaMumifh bkpOfpy*Kd vf[k ac:Mu\? 0domcg temxydPwYdk uJoYdk aom yk*Kd vfrsm;yifwnf;/ h f G H H k f h
rSwfcsuf
1-vlYavmu ou'g*grfjzpf vlYavmuyif &[Emjzpf y&deAmefprnfh ou'g*grfy*Kd vf 1-yg;? d H k jzpf ewfavmu y&deAmefprnfh yk*Kd vf 1-yg;? ewfavmujzpf ewfavmuyif y&deAmefprnfh yk*Kd vf 1d H d H yg;? ewfavmujzpf y&deAmefprnfh yk*Kd vf 1-yg;? vlYavmujzpf ewfavmu wb0jzpfNyD;vQif d H vlYavmuodYk jyefvm &[Emjzpfvsuf y&deAmefprnfh ou'g*grf yk*Kd vf 1-yg;tm;jzifh ig;yg;Sd\? xdwif aS; d H k G 4-yg;udk r,lr aemufq; yk*Kd vfuom jyonf-[l\/ l kH kd 2-umravmuudk y,fpeYf NyD;qH;jcif;Sonf[k qdojzifh ly-tly jA[mavmu &[Emjzpf G k d k h y&deAmefyjcif;[laom NyD;qH;jcif; Sonf[k odtyf\/ d k d 3-tE&m - toufwrf;\ tv,foYkd ra&mufr tMum; + y&deAm,D&[Em jzpfvsuf udavomNidr; l d f vwHaom yk*Kd vf? urmwaxmiftoufwrf;Saom t0d[mbHjzpfvQif urmig;&mtwGi; &[Emjzpfrnfh yk*Kd vf[k h d k f qdv\/ twygpaom bHwYdk vnf; enf;wlyif/ t&m toufwrf;\ tv,foYkd ra&mufr [lonfrm k kd k l S toufwrf;\ tv,foYkd a&mufNyD; vGeNf yD;rjzpfr -[k qdv\/ rSeay\? tE&my&deAm,D yk*Kd vfonf l k kd f d ok'g0gobH jzpfcgpwGif &[Emjzpfowyg;? toufwrf;\ tv,foYkd ra&mufrD &[Emjzpfol wyg;? k l tv,fyi;odYk a&mufrS &[Emjzpfowyg;tm;jzifh 3-yg; tjym;Sday\/ kd f l
rSwfcsuf
1-Oy[p-pkwumvokYd uyf -toufwrf;\ xuf0ufudk ausmfve+y&deAm,D-udavom Nidr;vwHh d G f d f aomyk*Kd vf/ 2-tocFg&-tvGeftuJ tm;xkwf&jcif; rSy+y&deAm,D-udavomNidr;vwHaom yk*Kd vf/ aÈxufaom d J d f h aMumifh tvGetuJ tm;rxkw&yJ csrf;omvG,upmESihf &[EmjzpfvwHaom tem*grfy*Kd vf[k qkv\/ if;onf f f f l G h k d dk tE&my&deAm,D 3-yg;? Oy[py&deAm,D 1-yg;? O'aomw 1-yg;tm;jzifh ig;yg;tjym;Sd\/ xkdYtwl oocFg& d d H y&deAm,Dy*Kd vfonfvnf; ig;yg;yif tjym;S\/ xkdYaMumifh ok'g0go atmuf 4-bk tem*grf 10-yg;pD &\? d k d H tued|bk O'aomw 2-yg; r&aomaMumifh 8-yg;om &\? tm;vk;aygif;vkuvQif tem*grfy*Kd vf 48-yg; H H H d f k &onf/ aomwmyefonfum; 'kuy#dy'g'Embdn 1-yg;? 'kuy#dy'gcdygbdn 1-yg;? okcy#dy'g'Embdn 1-yg;? okcy#dy'gcdygbdn 1-yg;tm;jzifh owuwK y&r 4-yg;? xkYd twl aumvHaumv 4-yg;? {uADZD 4-yg;?
286
tm;vk;aygif; o'gukd tr;y tm;xkwcaom o'g"k&yk*Kd vf 12-yg;? xkYd twl ynmuktr;y tm;xkwcaom H f hJ d f hJ ynm"k&yk*Kd vf 12-yg;? okYd tm;jzifh aomwmyef 24-yg; jzpf\/ ou'g*grfonfum; tew[k I oknw0darmujzifh vGwajrmufaom yk*Kd vfonf 'kuy#dy'g f 'Embdnponftm;jzifh 4-yg;jym;\? xkYd twl tedp[k 'ku[k I tedrw0armu tyP[w 0darmuwYdk jzifh d d d d vGwaom yk*Kd vfwYdk onfvnf; 4-yg;pD jym;uke\/ xkYd aMumifh ou'g*grfy*Kd vf 12-yg; jzpf\/ f f k
rSwfcsuf
1-t0d[mpaom atmufo'g0go 4bHwYkd jzpfNyD;vQif xdrS pkaw twygpaom txufo'g0gobHk k k k k wkYd tpOftwdi; jzpfNyD;vQif tued|bHoYkd a&mufrS &[Emjzpf y&deAmef0ifprnfh tem*grfonf O'k f k d H H aomwtued|*grD rnf\/ O'H-txufoYkd + aomw-qefwuf + tued|*grd - tued|bHoYkd oGm;rnfy*Kd vf/ k h k t0d[mpaom atmuf 3-bHrS twyg ok'm ok'DbwYkd tpOftwdi;jzpf y&deAmef0ifprnfh yk*Kd vfonf k kH k f d H O'aomwetued|*grD rnf\/ umravmurS tued|bHoYkd wduua&muf y&deAmef0ifprnfh yk*Kd vfonf H k k f dk f d H eO'aomwtued|*grDrnf\/ atmufok'g0go 4-bHwYdkjzpf xdjk zpf&mbHomvQif y&deAmef0ifprnfy*Kd vfonf H k k d H h k eO'aomw etued|*grD rnf\/ H 2-pmrsuEm 408-pmyd'f 772- jyefMunfyg/ f S k h 3-pmrsuEm 408-pmyd'f 774- jyefMunfyg/ f S k h 4-pmrsufEm 408-pmyd'f 773- jyefMunfyg/ S k h 5-aS;b0a[mif;wkYd ukd odjrifEiaom ykaAe0go0dZmPf 1-yg;? ow0gwdYk b0a[mif;rS ao uH kd f d tm;avsmfpm b0opf jzpfyEiwuG ta0;teD; tBuD;tao; tvH;pHaom tqif;lygkwYkd ukd jrifoEiaom G kH S hf k k H d kd f 'dApuK0dZmPf 1-yg;? tmoa0gudavomwkYd ukd ukeapEdiaom t&[wr*fPf [laom tmo0u, f k f 0dZmPf 1-yg;? 0dZm 3-yg;ESihf jynfponf[k qdv\/ h kH k kd
rSwfcsuf
1-taxGaxGtrsKd;rsKd; wefc;zefqif;Ekiaom 'd0"tbdnmOf 1-yg;? ta0;teD; tBuD;tao; dk d f d tvk;pkaom toH[orQwkYd udk Mum;odEiaom 'dAaomwPf 1-yg;? olwyg;wkYd \ pdwtBuHudk odEiaom H H l dk f f dk f apawmy&d,Pf 1-yg;? if;ukd y&pdw0ZmeetbdnmPf[vnf;ac:\? ykaAed0goPf 1-yg;? 'dApuKPf d l 1-yg;? tmo0u,Pf 1-yg;? tbdnmOf 6-yg;ESihf jynfponf[k qkv\/ h Hk d dk 2-cEea'o pmyk'f 428- Munfhyg/ d d 3-&[EmwkYd onf ou'g*grfuoYdk yif oknw tedrw tyP[w0darmuwYdk jzifif;? y#dy'g 4-yg;wkYd jzifh hJ d d d h if; ajrmufyGg; 12-yg; jzpfue\? if;wkYd onfvnf; ynm0drw 12-yg;? Obawmbm*0drw 12-yg;? aw0dZ k f k k 12-yg;? qVbdn 12-yg;? y#dord'gyw 12-yg;/ okYd tm;jzifh 60-tjym; Sue\/ jyqkconfh twki; tem*grf d k f d hJ d f 48-yg;? aomwmyef 24-yg;? ou'g*grf 12-yg;? &[Em 60? yapuAk'g 1-yg;? ormorK'jrwfpmbk&m; 1-yg;? G tm;vk; pkpaygif; t&d,myk*Kd vf ta&twGuf 146-yg; &onf[k #Dum jy\/ xkwif t&m bk&m;yapuAk'g H k d G wkdYESifhwuG &[Em 60-wkYd udk &nf,onf[k odtyf\/ G f
rSwfcsuf
1-rQaom pum;tpOfjzifh ..... tvH;pHk jyNyD;jzpfavNyD-[k pyfyg/ k 2-3-*gxm .... a[mxm;aom .... 0dok'dr*f-[k pyfyg/
287
rSwfcsuf
1-rQaompum;tpOfjzifh .... 0do'r*fusrf;ukd qktyfNyD; jzpfavNyD-[kpygyg/ k d d 2-rlwnfcsxm;NyD;vQif .... igwkYd 0efccavNyD-[k pyfyg/ H hJ
rSwfcsuf
1-xdk 0do'r*fusrf; .... jyxm;tyfay\-[k pyfyg/ k d 2-oDav ywd|m, - tpSaom rl&if;ygVd*gxm - ynmSaom vlonf oDvwnf - ponfjzifh d d jyefqxm;aom jrefrmjyef *gxm a[mxm;aom oDv orm"d ynm[laom teufwYdk \ (tqH;tjzwf)[k kd k qdv\/ k kd 3-tqH;tjzwfukd .... rdeYf qxm;avonf-[k pyfyg/ k kd 4-0dwZ - cGjJ crf;a0bef + 0g'D - qdavhaom yk*Kd vf/ 0dwZ0g'Dy*Kd vfjrwfjzpfueaom .... rax&fwYdk \ k dS k k f - [k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1-onf;cHjcif;*kPf aumif;aomtrI arGUavsmjf cif;*kPf csrf;omapvkaom arwm*kPf okYd tpSaom d d *kPwYdk jzifh xkxm;aom pdwEv; Saomfronf[k qkv\/ f H f S Hk d l d dk 2-oHCygv rax&f\ *kP0aooeyk'wYdkudk odem;vnfv,ap&ef y"meyk'rsm; yvkyvsuf 0gusrsm;pGm f d f G f f f cG jyefxm;onf? xkYd aMumifh t&m aemufpum;ESihf qufrap&ef vufonf;uGi;ESihf orey'tykxnf&onf/ J d f f k f d h 3-r&yfrem;yJ wqufwnf; GwEiavmufaom ygVdpum;&yfudk bmP0g& wck-[k ac:onf/ wyg'vQif f dk f SpfvkH;pDSdaom 4-yg'tu&m 32-vk; ta&twGuaom *gxmtyki;tjcm;jzifh *gxm 250-cefYSdaom ygVd H f dS d f pum;&yfpyif jzpfonf/ jrefrma0g[m&tm;jzifh wBudrwpm-wvSnwpmSaom pum;&yf[k odtyf\/ k f G f hf G f d xkoYdk aom bmP0g&aygif; 58-bmP0g&jzifh usrf; NyD;qk;onf[k qkv\/ d H d dk
rSwfcsuf
1-tvGepifMu,faom 0g&dwov pm&dwov[lif;? o'gjzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom 0g&dwov f D D D ynm0D&,wkYd jzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom pm&dwov[lif; qufpyf teuft"dyg,f,yg/ xdwif ]]ygwdarmu d D l k G oH0&oDvudk o'gw&m;jzifh jynfpaptyf\}}[k oDveda'o pmyd'f 19- qdconfEitnD o'gjzifh h kH k k hJ S hf wef;qmqifonf[qonf/ ]]È,oH0&oDvudk owdw&m;jzifh jynfpaptyf\/ tmZD0yg&do'ovudk 0D&,jzifh k kd d h kH k d D d jynfpaptyf\/ yp,oEwoDvudk ypa0uPmPfynmjzifh jynfpaptyf\}}[k (if;yif) qdconfEitnD h kH d d h kH k hJ S hf ynm0D&,jzifh wef;qmqiftyfonf[k qdonf/ ynmjzifh wef;qmqifonf[k qdvQif owdjzifh wef;qm d k k qifjcif;vnf; NyD;pD;jynfpawmhonfomwnf;/ t&m ygVd ]]y#dr@dwoDvmpm& ....}} [kSdaom rluGJom h kH ,kww& jzpfonf/ 2-yk'onf tSiA'aCmo\ *kPy'jf zpfonf? *kPtaygif;wdYk \ pka0;&mjzpfaom .... Ak'aCmop[k f f k f k f ..... bGJYtrnfSdaom rax&fonf-[k pyfyg/ 3-r[m0d[m&0goD *kP;om;wkYd \ t,lonf ouor, - rdrt,lrnf\? tb,*d&0goDpaom d f d d wyg;aom *dP;om;wkYd \ t,lonf or,E& - *dkPf;wyg;t,lrnf\/ wenf; omoemwGi;t,lonf k f f ouor,-rdrt,lrnf\? omoemyAm[D&yk*Kd vfwYdk\ t,lonf or,E& *dP;wyg;t,lrnf\/ xdkt,lwkdY d k f IyaxG;cufceufeaom t&monf *[e-awmIyrnf\/ oGm;vmEdicaom awmIyEiwaom t&m[k qdv\/ f J J f k f J f S hf l k kd
288
xkoYkd aom tIytaxG; tcuftcJwYdk ouf0ifEiaom pGr;&nfEihf jynfpaom Ak'aCmorax&f[k qdv\/ d f kd f f S h kH k kd ygVdt& azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf? jrefrmjyef eD;pyfvsufaomyk'EipyfvQif om acsmarmbG,\/ xkYd aMumifh dS f S hf f dS ygVdvnf; orwynma0,sw,orEm*awe-[k ormofpyfvsuf Soif\/ okYd vQif jrefrmjyefvnf; d d h dS pGr;Ekiaom ynm\ xufjrufjcif;-[k pyftyf\/ f d f
rSwfcsuf
1-ynm\ xufjrufjcif;ESihf jynfpaom Ak'aCmorax&f[k qkv\/ h Hk d dk 2-y&d,wfusrf;*ef txl;tjym;Saom .... omoemawmf-[k pyfyg/ d 3- 3-yk'onfvnf; tSiA'aCmo\ *kPy'rsm;yif jzpfonf? rax&fonf-[laom yk' pyfyg/ f f k f k f f 4- 3-yk'vnf; tSiA'aCmo\ *kPy'rsm;yifjzpfonf/ f f k f k f 5-*kPwYdk jzifh wef;qmqiftyfaom .... psmefr*fzvw&m;-[k pyfyg/ f dk f 6-tydwftyif tqD;twm;uif;aom PfynmSdukefaom .... ax&ftSifwkdY\-[k pyfyg/
rSwfcsuf
1- 3-yk'onfvnf; tSiA'aCmo\ *kPy'rsm;yif jzpfonf/ xdwif aemufq;yk'rm f f k f k f k G kH f S arm&@ac#u0waAe-yk'rS jyefqcsufjzpfonf/ ac#yk' (1) Gm (2) awme,fom; v,form;wkYd \ae&m (3) f kd f rdYi,f-[l 3-ckaom teufwYdkukd ouwtbd"mef jyqdxm;\? tdE,awmifyi; t&yfa'owkYd Gmudk ar!m[k k d kd f ,ckxufwdkif ac:a0:vsufSd\? xdYk aMumifh arm&a@m paom aca#m pmwdarm&@aca#m? ww Zmawmwd ]]arm&@ac#aum? wxm0waAmwd arm&@ac#u0waAm? awe .... arm&a@mp? arm&@ (a'gif;O) rnfonfvnf; [kw\/ aom? xdonf/ aca#m p? Gmvnf;[kw\/ wd? xdYk aMumif/ arm&@aca#m? f k f h arm&@ac#rnf\/ ww? xdarm&@ (a'gif;O) Gm/ Zmaxm? zGm;\/ wd? xdaMumif/ arm&@ac#aum? k k h arm&@ac#urnf\/ wxm? xdoYkd arm&@ac#u arm&@Gmom;[l/ 0waAm? ac:qdtyf\/ wd? xkYd aMumif/ k k h arm&@ac#u0waAm? arm&@Gmom;[k ac:qdtyfonf rnf\/ awe? xdarm&@ (a'gif;O) Gm;om;[k k k qdtyfaom (rax&f)onf}} odYk 0pewy jyefqxm;aom teuf jzpfonf/ k kd arm&@Gm tb,ft&yf Soenf;[lr .... ,ckacwf tdE,awmifyi; *kEm'dpBudwwif d l d kd f f G em*g&fZeaum@rnfaom t&yfrS 51-rdicefY tr&0wDrnfaom XmeESi*EvyvD rnfaom XmewkYd SMd u\? k k f hf k xda'o ywf0ef;usif Ak'omoemESiqiaom aS;a[mif;taqmuftOD ysufrsm; jyefYBuJvsuf Sonf[\/ xdk k hf kd f d l e,fy,fom; jzpfaom awv*lwYdk\ a0g[m&tm;jzifh a'gif;udk aervd-[k ac: O-udk *kEv-[k ac:\/ k xkYd aMumifh xdXmeESpconf aS;u arm&@a# - a'gif;OGm[kac:aom tSiA'aCmorax&f\ ZmwdcsufjrKyfm k f k f k G jzpfwef&monf[k aS;a[mif;ypn;wdYk ukd Smaom tdE,tpd;& pl;prf;SmazGa&;Xme ynmSwYkd u ,lqMu\/ f d k d
289
rSwfcsuf
1-t&m wkuujf yefvQif ]]rax&fonf a&;om;wDxip&iftyfaom 0do'r*frnfaom usrf;onf}} d f dk G f D k d [l jzpf\/ 0gusSnvsm;vGe;aomaMumifh 0guscG jyefvuonf/ xkoYdk cGjyef&m aemufpum;ESiqufpyf&ef f f J dk f d J hf uwm;vkaejyefaomaMumifh (0do'r*fusrf;onf) [laom uwm;yk'udk xnf&jyefonf/ if;yk'udk ]]0do'r*f d k d f h f k d usrf;onf .... azmfjyvsuf .... ruG,fyJ wnfNrJ wnfwHhygapownf;}} [k pyfyg/ 2-ygVdusr;&if; *gxmu 'kw,jzpf tjcm;rJ*gxmu yXrjzpfonf/ okYd aomf jrefrmpum; rjy"mef; f d h aom ted,wf0gusukd qkNd yD;rS jy"mef;aom ed,wf0gusukd qk;SaomaMumifh aSUaemuf aTU jyefq&onf/ d dk d dk 3-xkrQavmufaom umvywfv; .... azmfjyvsuf .... wnfNrJwnfwygapownf;-[k pyfyg/ d Hk hH
rSwfcsuf
1-txufygpum;onf yXrtBudru a&;om;NyD;pD;yHukd jyaompum; jzpfonf? ynmblrea'oudk f k d d jznfpuaom ,ck 'kw,tBudrrl 1331-ckepf awmfovif;vrS pa&;onf? eawmvqef; 1-&ufaeY NyD;pD; h G f d f f onf/

Visuddhimagga 4

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Visuddhimagga 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

0do'r*f-jrefrmjyef pwkwwJG k d rmwdum

0do'r*f jrefrmjyef k d pwkwwJG

17-ynmblrea'o - ynm\jzpf&mbHk d d (tmk)udk jyqdcsuf H k

a[mawmfrl (tyf) ao;\/

pkwdy#doaEponf awGa0 ocFg&oHk;yg;udk jyKaMumif;

twdwfb0rS ajymif;aTY rvmaMumif;

ta&;ygaom apm'emESifh ajzSif;csuf

0dnmPf 32-yg;vHk;jzpfyHkudk aygif; jyqdkjcif;

0dnmPyp,memrlyH - yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

emrlyyp,m oVm,weH - yk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

oVm,weyp,m zamyk'f tus,fjyqdkcsuf

odYk vQif b0qufonf 20-aom tjcif;t&m[laom axmuftuefY\/ dS

eufeJjcif; (*rD&wm) 4-yg;

ynm\jzpf&mbHkudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

18-'d|0o'ea'o-'d|0o'ukd tus,jf ycsuf d d k d d d d k d

(1) emrfrSp Ienf;

(2) "mwfav;yg;rSp Ienf;

(3) "mwf 18-yg;tvdktm;jzifhIenf;

(4) tm,we 12-yg;tvdktm;jzifhIenf;

(6) emrfkyftvdktm;jzifh Ienf;

emrfw&m;xifay:yHk tjcif;t&mudk jyqdkcsuf

19-ucFg0dw&P0do'ukd tus,jf yqkcsuf k d d

ucFg0dw&P 0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

20-r*gr*P'e 0do'ukd tus,jf ycsuf k d

lyowuoroeuxm-kyfoHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf

emrfoHk;oyfyHk 7-rsKd;udk jyqdkcsuf

0dyemnpfnL;aMumif; OyudavowkdYudk jyqdkcsuf

r*frSefESifh r*frSm; ydkif;jcm;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf

r*gr*P'e0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

21-y#dy'gP'e0do'ukd tus,jf yqdcsuf k d k

b,wky|mePf NyD;\/ tm'De0gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf

tm'De0gEkyemPf NyD;\/ edAd'gEkyemPfudk jyqdkcsuf

ocFgkayumPf NyD;\/ tEkavmrPfukd jyqkdcsuf

tEkavmrPf NyD;\/ 0k|me*grdeD0dyemPfukd jyqkdcsuf

y#dy'gP'e0dok'd tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

22-P'e0do'udk tus,jf yqkcsuf k d d

yXrr*fPf NyD;\/ aomwmyefyk*dKvfudk jyqdkcsuf

'kwd,r*fPf NyD;\/ ou'g*grfyk*dKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

pwkwr*fPfNyD;\/ &[Emyk*dKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

xjcif; cGefYtm;ESifh,SOfjcif;wkdYukd jyqkdcsuf

y&dnmpaom tjym;udk jyqdkcsuf

P'e0dok'd tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

23-ynmbm0emtmedooudk tus,jf yqdcsuf H k

trsKd;rsKd;aom udavomudk zsufqD;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf

ynmbm0em\ tusKd;tmedoif tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

vufonf;uGi; twGi;upum;onf {0H - odYk [aom yk'\ tzGijhf zpfonf/ f f l f

1-qdkcJhonfhtwdkif; .... tqHk;tjzwfudk odtyf\-[k pyfyg/

Oayumo[*kwf yO'g&m0Ze;pdw?f Oayumo[*kwf G f [odwyg'fpwf [laom ud&,mpdwf 3-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ k d d

You might also like

20-rgrP'e 0do'ukd tus,jf ycsuf k d

rfrSefESifh rfrSm; ydkif;jcm;jcif;udk jyqdkcsuf

rgrP'e0dok'dudk tus,fjycsuf NyD;\/

yXrrfPf NyD;\/ aomwmyefykdKvfudk jyqdkcsuf

'kwd,rfPf NyD;\/ ou'ggrfyk*dKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

pwkwrfPfNyD;\/ &[EmykdKvfukd jyqkdcsuf

Oayumo[kwf yO'g&m0Ze;pdw?f Oayumo[kwf G f [odwyg'fpwf [laom ud&,mpdwf 3-ckwYdk yif jzpfonf/ k d d