- red

- yellow
- green

SETS
A) DEFINING SETS
By Description By Set Notations
A is the set of primary colours . A={ red , blue , green }
B is the set of vowel . B={ a , e , i , o , u }

B) IDENTIFYING THE ELEMENTS OF A SET
(e-epsilon or e)
1. A={ prime number which is less than 20 }
A={ 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 17 , 19 }
i) 3 e A , 3 is an element of A
ii) 9 e A , 9 is not an element of A

C) VENN DIAGRAM
To represent set
Using Geometrical diagrams
Ovals A
Circles
Rectangles

Eg : A={ red , yellow , green }
A dot in Venn Diagram
represents an element .
D) LISTING ELEMENTS OF STATING THE NUMBER OF
ELEMENTS IN A SET
P = { consonants in the word MOCHA }
P = { M , C , H }
n(P) = 3
NUMBER OF ELEMENTS P

E) EMPTY SETS
A set which does not have any elements
Symbol : { } or C
1. B = { A triangle with 4 equal sides }
B = { } or C choose one only

F) EQUAL SETS
ALL elements of set A are elements of set B
A = B
1. J = { odd numbers which is less than 10 }
J = { 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 }
K = { 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 }
J = K



2. P = { vowels in the word MAKE }
Q = { vowels in the word MOUSE }

P = { A , E }
Q = { O , U , E }
P = Q














SUBSET = c
A c B (means ALL elements of set A are found in set B)
1. P = { days in a week }
Q = { Sunday , Monday }
D = { June , October }

Q c P D . P
UNIVERSAL SETS =
Consists of all elements under discussion
1. = { x : 10 x 20 , x is an integer }
K = { x : x is a perfect square }

= { 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 }
K = { 16 }

K c















Kegagalan ialah satu-
satunya yang dapat diraih
tanpa pengerahan tenaga
sedikit pun.


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