WorksCited

PrimarySources "The1918FluPandemic."CBCnews.TheCanadianPress,2008.Web.15Feb.2013.This sourcewasveryhelpfultoourwebsitebecauseitprovidedexcellentprimarysourcesin theformofphotographsandprovidedmanystatisticsthatwereusedtoenhanceour argument. Boone,EdnaRegister,AnnieLaurieWilliams,GarfieldJohnson,AgnesGatlin,andAnn Brantley."1918PandemicInfluenzaSurvivorsShareTheirStories."PandemicFlu. AlabamaDepartmentofPublicHealth,n.d.Web.15Feb.2013.Thisprimarysource wasoneofourmostinvaluablesources.Itcontainedanumberofinterviewswith1918 Influenzasurvivors.Wethenquotedpassagesfromeachoffourinterviewstoshowthe 1918Influenza'straumaticimplicationsandsurvivor'sadviceifiteverweretoreoccur. Theseinterviewspracticallymakeupourentire"TraumaticImplications"section. Chase,Chevy."SurvivorsRemember1918GlobalFluPandemic."Nbcnews.com.N.p.,17 Dec.2006.Web.15Feb.2013.Thissourcewasbothasecondaryandprimary source.However,wemainlyuseditasaprimarysourcebecausewepulledseveral quotesfromit,themainonebeingfromWilliamH.SardoJr.,anAmericansurvivorof the1918influenzaepidemic. TheGreatPandemic.UnitedStatesDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,2013.Web. 1Feb.2013.TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofHealthandHumanServiceshasawide collectionofpictures,video,quotes,andotherprimarysourcesonthiswebsite.We

mainlyusedtheprimarysourcesonthissitehowever,wealsofoundsomesecondary sourcestobeuseful.Thesecondarysourcesgaveusabetterunderstandingofthe medicalchangesresultingfromthe1918pandemic. Navarro,AlexJ.,AlexandraStern,andHowardMarkel."InfluenzaEncyclopedia."The AmericanInfluenzaEpidemicof1918:ADigitalEncyclopedia.Universityof Michigan,n.d.Web.15Feb.2013.ThisDigitalInfluenzaEncyclopediawasanother extremelyvaluablesourcewhichweusedasaprimarysource.Wepulledalmostallof ourpicturesfromthisciteincludingnewspaperarticles,ads,andjournalentriesfromthe timeof19181919. ________________________________________________________________________ SecondarySources "1918FluPandemic."History.A&ETelevisionNetworks,2008.Web.15Feb.2013.This secondarysourcegaveusbackgroundinformationonthecauseofthe1918fluand howeverydaylifechangedasaresultofit. "The2009H1N1Pandemic:SummaryHighlights,April2009April2010."Centersfor DiseaseControlandPrevention.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,16 June2010.Web.15Feb.2013.Thissecondarysourcewasvaluablebecauseit providedevidencethatformsoftheInfluenzafluarestilloccurringandareoftenharmful despitevaccines.Thus,theworldcan'tsolelyrelyonmedicalknowledge,which emphasizesournonpharmaceuticalsection'simportance.Also,thisarticlesupportsthe factthatinstitutionsarestrivingtoimplementpandemicpreventativemeasureswhich

supportsourthesis.Further,welinkedthisarticletoourwebsiteinthecasethatour viewerswouldliketoknowmore. "6MoreWeeksoftheFlu?SeasonStillGoingStrong,CDCSays."FoxNews.FOXNews Network,18Jan.2013.Web.15Feb.2013.Thissecondarysourceoverviewedthe particularlybad2013fluseason.Itwashelpfultousbecauseweusedthisinformation toshowrecentevidenceoftheflustillgoingstrongandwhyvaccinescannotbesolely reliedupon. Billings,Molly."The1918InfluenzaPandemic."The1918InfluenzaPandemic.Stanford University,Feb.2005.Web.15Feb.2013.Thissecondarysourcewashelpful becauseitprovideduswithabasicoverviewoftheInfluenzaEpidemicof1918.It greatlyaidedourbackgroundresearchonthesubject. Bootsma,Martin,andNeilM.Ferguson."TheEffectofPublicHealthMeasuresonthe1918 InfluenzaPandemicinU.S.Cities."TheEffectofPublicHealthMeasuresonthe 1918InfluenzaPandemicinU.S.Cities.ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof Sciences,2007.Web.15Feb.2013.Thisarticlewefoundisasecondarysourceand analyzesthepublichealthmeasurestakenin1918'sInfluenzaepidemic.Itlooksatthe resultsofthesenonpharmaceuticalinterventionsandhowtheycanbeimplemented moresmoothlyandsuccessfullynow. Brainerd,Elizabeth,andMarkV.Siegler."TheEconomicEffectsofthe1918Influenza Epidemic."Birdflubook.org.N.p.,2008.Web.15Feb.2013.Thissecondarysource washelpfultousbecauseitshowstheeconomicimpactofthe1918Influenza

Epidemic.Althoughsmallbecausetheeconomyquicklyrecovered,the1918Influenza's impactsontheeconomyarestillimportanttostudybecauseithelpsresearchersgather howtoday'seconomywouldendure. "Influenza1918."PBS.WGBHEducationalFoundation,1996.Web.15Feb.2013.This websitecontainedbothprimaryandsecondarysourceshowever,thesecondary sourcescontributedbettertoourresearch.Thewebsitehadinformationregardinga documentaryaboutthe1918pandemicthatwehadseenbefore.Weusedsomeofthe informationinthedocumentaryforourresearchinaddition,thewebsiteprovidedmany picturesandarticles. TheInfluenzaPandemicof1918.YouTube.YouTube,26Feb.2009.Web.15Feb.2013. Thissecondarysourceprovideduswithavideowhichisvisibleonourwebsite. Kinlaw,Kathy,andRobertLevine."EthicalGuidelinesinPandemicInfluenza."Cdc.gov. CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,15Feb.2007.Web.9Feb.2013.This wasausefulsecondarysourcebecauseitfurtherpromotesourthesisthatpreventative measuresarebeingputintoeffectandthattheworldismorepreparedforanother InfluenzaPandemic.ItisevidentthatinstitutionsliketheCDCarecreatingplanswhich desperatelytryto"maintainthefunctioningofsociety,"aproblemin1918. Makow,Henry."WasThe'SpanishFlu'EpidemicManMade?SixtyMillionDeadIn 191819."EducateYourself.org:TheFreedomofKnowledgeThePowerof Thought.N.p.,2Dec.2006.Web.15Feb.2013.Weusethissourceasasecondary source.Itwasveryhelpfulbecauseitprovideduswithanalternativeviewpointfroma

reputablesource,HeinrichMueller,whowasformerheadoftheGestapoandwastold byhisfriendGeneralWalterSchreiber,ChiefoftheMedicalCorpsoftheGerman Army,thatthe1918Influenzawascausedbyamanmadevaccineusedforbiological warfareinWW1.Therootofthe1918Influenzaepidemicisunclearandthisisone debatablecausewhichwemention. McBean,EleanoraL."SwineFluExpose."Whale.to.N.p.,1977.Web.15Feb.2013.We foundthisbookonline.ItisasecondarysourceandMcBean(Ph.D,N.D.)claimsthat swineFluisamanmadeepidemic.In1918aswell,theepidemicoccurredwhen doctorsvaccinatedsoldierswiththeirmanmadevaccineInfluenza.Thisalternative claimisinterestingandhelpeduswithnarrowingdownthemuchdebatedcausesofthe 1918InfluenzaEpidemic. Meltzer,MartinI.,NancyJ.Cox,andKeijiFukuda."TheEconomicImpactofPandemic InfluenzaintheUnitedStates:PrioritiesforIntervention."Who.int.WorldHealth Organization,1999.Web.8Feb.2013.Thissecondarysourcewasastudyonthe possiblefutureeconomicimpactsinthecaseofanotherinfluenzapandemicsimilartothe 1918outbreak.Itwasagainvaluablebecauseitshowedthemultiplestudiesthatare beingdonetomitigatefuturepandemicsitshowsthatresearchersaretryingtolearn fromthepast'smistakesinthiscase,the1918InfluenzaEpidemictherebysupporting ourthesis. Stern,AlexandraM.,MartinS.Setron,andHowardMarkel."ClosingtheSchools:Lessons Fromthe191819InfluenzaPandemic."Healthaffairs.org.N.p.,9Sept.2009.Web.

8Feb.2013.Thisisasecondarysourceandwashelpfultousinourresearchofthe nonpharmaceuticalinterventionsof1918andwhatsocialimpacttheyhad.Thestudy focusesontheclosingofschools'effectontheworld,particularlyontheU.S.