CH11

11-1
Discovery

747-400
Su-27
747-400

11-2

1
XYZ X Y
ZXY

4
X X
X

0
X X

X
5 Y

7 Z

Z
Z

Z
9
X

MD-11

10

3000 1 =0.3

11-3

Y Y

X
X

6300 40000
7.5747-40024


f=ma=

LT-1LT-2

0
00
0
0
X
x

2 16

11-4

FL-2

11-5


0
90 0

xx
x

10 100 =10
10 5
105 5

:VR

10
10

=
240km
1500 6.5
10 3.5
6.5

3000

15-20 8-10 810

11-6

Bypass Ratio

11-7
1

momentum theory blade element theory

free stream

lift coefficient cl drag coefficient cd

angle of attack 3.2.1
cl
cl = a a

stall
cl max
stall angle

static stalldynamic stall

L=0 L= 0 = 0
2 0 30

3.2.1 cl

c l max 3.2.2

3.2.3aBernoulli's equation
3.2.3b
drag
lift 3.2.3c

aerodynamic center

pitching moment

boundary
layer 3.2.4

separation point
skin friction drag

stall
trailing-edge stallleading-edge stall
thin-airfoil stall 3.2.5

0.4

critical Mach number

subcritical Mach numbersupercritical Mach number

shock wave

3.2.6

0.1 drag
divergence Mach number

airscrew

ideal rotor
actuator disk
V
V + v v

V + w w 3.3.1
T m
a T = ma

A
V + v A( V + v )

T = [ A( V + v ) ] w

T ( V + v ) K . E .

K . E .=

1
2
A( V + v ) ( V + w) V 2
2

w = 2 v

V = 0
v1 =

T
=
2R 2

W
2R 2

W R
T

disk loading D. L.= A = R 2

100 N / M 2 500 N / M 2

Tv

figure of merit
propulsive efficiency
Pideal P M =

Pideal
P

0.75 0.8 0.5

aerodynamic efficiency

3.3.2

1920

lifting line

 r r 3.4.1
L D

V v
r r
V R 3.4.2 inflow angle of
attackpitch angle

=
L =

1
cl ( cr ) VR2
2

D =

1
cd ( cr ) VR2
2

c cl cd
thrust T
induced drag

V = 0
r VR = r

T T 0 r R
Q r
0 r R R

V R

tip loss
VR = R 0.97

 0.97 R

v 0

bc
solidity =

R
cl
cl max
cl = a a

autorotation K-factor

coning angle

11-8

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

 (" ")


( )

bank

It just

feels great to design and build your own aircraft.