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PRESS NOTE

KEY INDICATORS OF EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA, 2009-10

NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY OFFICE


MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

GOVERNMENTOFINDIA

PRESS

INFORMATION BUREAU
Dated the 3 Asadha, 1933 Saka 24th June, 2011 PRESS NOTE

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

KEY INDICATORS OF EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA, 2009-10 The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation has released the key indicators of Employment and Unemployment in India, generated from the data collected in its 66th round survey during July 2009 - June 2010. NSS surveys on employment and unemployment are conducted quinquennially starting from 27th round (October 1972 September 1973) and the last quinquennial survey was conducted in NSS 61st round (July 2004- June 2005) for which, the results have already been released. The NSS 66th round was the eighth quinquennial round on the subject. The detailed results of quinquennial survey on employment and unemployment are usually brought out by the NSSO through a number of reports. In order to make available the salient results of the survey, well in advance of the release of its reports, for use in planning, policy formulation, decision support and as input for further statistical exercises, the NSSO has released the key indicators. With this maiden effort, NSSO is meeting an important aspiration and demand of its data users to have the key results within one year of the completion of its field work. The indicators are based on the Central Sample of 1,00,957 households (59,129 in rural areas and 41,828 in urban areas) surveyed from 7,402 sample villages in rural areas and 5,252 urban blocks spread over all States and Union Territories except in (i) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of a bus route (ii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year and (iii) Leh, Kargil and Poonch districts of Jammu and Kashmir. In defining the lead indicators of Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR i.e. ratio of labor force to population), Workers Population Ratio (WPR), Proportion Unemployed (PU i.e. percentage of unemployed in population) and Unemployment Rate (UR i.e. the ratio of unemployed to labour force) in NSS surveys, persons are classified into various activity categories on the basis of activities pursued by them during certain specified reference periods. Three reference periods used in NSS surveys are (i) one year, (ii) one week and (iii) each day of the reference week. Based on these three periods, three different measures of activity status are arrived at. The activity status determined on the basis of the reference period of one year is known as the Usual Status (US) of a person, that determined on the basis of a reference period of one week is known as the Current Weekly Status (CWS) of the person and the activity status determined on the basis of the engagement on each day during the reference week is known as the Current Daily Status (CDS) of the person. In US approach, there are two indicators viz. one based on principal activity called Usual Principal Status (ps) and other based on both principal and subsidiary activities taken together called US (ps+ss). The unit of measurements in case of US and CWS is persons and in case on CDS, it is person days. The key indicators based on NSS 66th round along with the comparable indicators of previous quinquennial survey i.e. NSS 61st 2

round on employment and unemployment conducted during July 2004 June 2005 are summarized in the table given at Annexure. The indicators are available for all the States/UTs with rural - urban and male female breakup. Besides these indicators, the other important statistics relating to distribution of workers according to employment status and industry and also on wage rates of regular wage/salaried employees and casual labourers as emanating from the survey are summarized as below: 1. Distribution of Usual Status (ps+ss) workers according to employment status At the national level, among all the workers, about 51.0 per cent were self-employed, about 33.5 per cent were casual labour and 15.6 percent were regular wage/salaried employee. Among the workers in the rural areas, about 54.2 per cent were self-employed, about 38.6 per cent were casual labour and 7.3 percent were regular wage/salaried employee. Among the workers in the urban areas, about 41.1 per cent were self-employed, about 17.5 per cent were casual labour and 41.4 percent were regular wage/salaried employee. 2.

Industry-wise distribution of workers according to usual status (ps+ss) In rural areas, nearly 63 per cent of the male workers were engaged in the agricultural sector while in the secondary and tertiary sectors nearly 19 per cent and 18 per cent of the male workers were engaged. There was a higher dependence of female workers on agricultural sector: nearly 79 per cent of them were engaged in agricultural sector while secondary and tertiary sectors shared 13 per cent and 8 per cent of the female workers, respectively.

The industry-wise distribution of workers in the urban areas was distinctly different from that of rural areas. In urban areas the share of the tertiary sector was dominant followed by that of secondary sector while agricultural sector engaged only a small proportion of total workers for both male and females. In urban areas, nearly 59 per cent of male workers and 53 per cent of the female workers were engaged in the tertiary sector. The secondary sector employed nearly 35 per cent of the male and 33 per cent of the female workers. The share of urban workforce in agriculture was nearly 6 per cent of male and 14 per cent for female workers. 3.

Wage Rates of Regular Wage/Salaried Employees and Casual Labourers In urban areas, the average wage/salary was Rs. 365 per day and for the rural areas it was Rs. 232. In the rural areas, average wage/salary earnings per day received by male regular wage/salaried employees was Rs. 249 and for females it was Rs. 156, indicating the femalemale wage ratio as 0.63. In urban areas, male wage rate was Rs. 377 against the female wage rate of Rs. 309, indicating female-male wage ratio as 0.82.

Wage rates (per day) for casual labour in works other than public works in rural areas was Rs. 93 and in urban areas it was Rs. 122. In the rural areas, average wage/salary earnings per day received by male casual labours engaged in works other than public works was Rs. 102 and for females it was Rs. 69 while in urban areas, the wage rates for casual labours in work other than public works was Rs. 132 for males and Rs. 77 for females. In rural areas, wage rates (per day) for casual labour in public works other than MGNREG public works was Rs. 98 for males and Rs. 86 for females. For casual labour in MGNREG public works, wage rate (per day) in rural areas was Rs. 91 for males and Rs. 87 for females. The publication is also available on the website (www.mospi.gov.in) of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. -------

Annexure
Important employment and unemployment indicators (per 1000) at all-India for all ages rural urban female person male female person (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) NSS66th round(July2009 June2010) usual principal status (ps) 208 382 556 128 352 202 374 539 119 339 5 8 17 9 13 24 21 30 70 37 usual status (ps + ss) 265 414 559 146 362 261 408 543 138 350 4 7 16 8 12 16 16 28 57 34 current weekly status (cws) 231 394 556 141 358 223 381 536 130 343 8 13 20 10 15 37 33 36 72 42 current daily status (cds) 197 371 550 129 350 182 346 522 117 329 16 25 28 12 20 80 68 51 91 58 NSS61st round(July2004 June2005) usual principal status (ps) 249 401 566 148 366 242 391 541 135 346 8 10 25 14 19 31 25 44 91 53 usual status (ps + ss) 333 446 570 178 382 327 439 549 166 365 6 7 22 12 17 18 17 38 69 45 current weekly status (cws) 287 418 566 168 375 275 402 537 152 353 12 16 30 15 23 42 39 52 90 60 current daily status (cds) 237 387 561 150 364 216 355 519 133 334 21 32 42 18 30 87 82 75 116 83 rural+urban female person (9) (10)

indicator (1)

male (2)

male (8)

LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR

548 537 11 19 556 547 9 16 548 531 17 32 536 501 35 64

550 538 12 22 557 546 11 20 550 532 18 33 540 507 33 61

186 180 6 33 233 228 5 23 207 198 9 43 179 164 15 82

374 365 9 25 400 392 8 20 384 370 14 36 365 341 24 66

LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR LFPR WPR PU UR

546 535 12 21 555 546 9 16 545 524 21 38 531 488 42 80

551 536 15 27 559 547 12 22 550 527 23 42 538 496 42 78

224 215 9 41 294 287 8 26 257 244 13 50 215 195 20 92

392 380 12 31 430 420 10 23 407 389 18 44 381 350 31 82

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