Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Objectives
Explain why information systems are essential to business Describe how computers process data into useful information for problem solving and decision making Identify the functions of different types of information systems in business
Objectives (continued)
Describe careers in information technology Identify major ethical and societal concerns created by widespread use of information technology
Problem is any undesirable situation Decision arises when more than one solution to problem exists
Data Manipulation
Data is manipulated to make useful information Survey is common method of collecting data Raw data is hard to read Information is more useful to business than data
Generating Information
A process is manipulation of data Process usually produces information Process may produce more data A piece of information in one context may be considered data in another context
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Information in Context
Not all information is useful Useful information is
Relevant Complete Accurate
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What Is a System?
System: array of components that work together to achieve goal or goals System
Accepts input Processes input Produces output
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Data processing: perform calculations on input Output: what is produced by the information system Storage: vast amounts of data stored on optical discs
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Accounting
Information systems help record transactions Produce periodic statements Create required reports for law Create supplemental reports for managers
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Finance
Finance systems facilitate financial planning and business transactions Tasks include organizing budgets, managing cash flow, analyzing investments, and making decisions
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Marketing
Pinpoint likely customers and promote products Marketing information systems analyze demand for products in regions and demographic groups
Identify trends in demand for products/services
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Human Resources
Human resource management systems aid record-keeping
Must keep accurate records Aids recruiting, selection, placement, and reward analysis
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Systems Analyst
System analyst: designs and updates information systems Involves analyzing system requirements, documenting development efforts, and providing specifications for programmers Requires communication and presentation skills
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Database Administrator
Database administrator: responsible for databases
Develops and acquires database applications Must protect privacy of customers and employees Responsible for securing the database
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Network Administrator
Network administrator: acquires, implements, manages, maintains, troubleshoots networks Implements security
Firewalls Access codes
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Webmaster
Webmaster: creates and maintains Web site Designs and codes the page Demand for Webmasters grows as more businesses use Web
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Summary
Computer-based information systems pervade almost every aspect of our lives A system is a set of components that work together to achieve a common goal Subsystem: a system performs a limited task that produces an end result, which must be combined with other products from other systems to reach an ultimate goal Data processing has four stages
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Summary (continued)
Any IS that helps in management is a management information system (MIS) Many different types of MIS Enterprise application systems (SCM or ERP) tie together different functional areas of a business ISs are used in accounting, finance, marketing, and human resources
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Summary (continued)
The job prospects for IT professionals are bright IT has created societal concerns
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