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Movement skills can be learned through the formation of a stimulus-response bond (SR bond)
Use a practical example to explain what is meant by an S-R bond.
Clayesmore School
2.
Use practical examples to describe two different types of guidance used during the
cognitive phase of learning.
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[5]
3.
Thorndike suggested that in order to strengthen the stimulus-response bond the laws
of effect, exercise and readiness need to be taken into consideration.
Use practical examples to illustrate how each law can be applied to Physical Education
or sport.
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[4]
Clayesmore School
4.
5.
The learning of movement skills can often be improved through the use of guidance.
(i)
(ii)
Clayesmore School
6.
7.
The strength of the S-R bond can affect how well a movement skill is learned.
Explain what is meant by the term S-R bond.
Thorndike suggested three methods (Thorndikes Laws) to strengthen the S-R bond.
Use a practical example to explain each of these methods.
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[4]
Clayesmore School
8.
It has been suggested that we pass through three phases of learning movement skills.
Describe the characteristics of the autonomous phase of learning.
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Use practical examples to describe two types of guidance that can be used at the
cognitive phase of learning.
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[6]
1.
5 marks in total
1
(Effect) A satisfying outcome will strengthen the bond eg a netball shooter being
successful shooting from the edge of the circle
2.
5 marks in total
Clayesmore School
A mental picture of the skill is being created/ demonstration forms mental picture
(Mechanical) use of a device to provide support for a performer eg the use of arm
bands in swimming
[5]
Clayesmore School
3.
2.
3.
4.
(Exercise)
5.
6.
7.
(Readiness)
8.
9.
4.
Operant conditioning
4 marks must use practical example
Sub max of 2 marks if no practical example
1.
2.
3.
4.
Behaviour is shaped
5.
6.
Clayesmore School
7.
Clayesmore School
5.
(i)
1 mark
1.
(ii)
2 marks
1.
2.
6.
4 marks in total
1
Environment manipulated
Behaviour is modified/shaped
7.
4 marks in total
1
The connection made between the stimulus presented and the response given
Must use practical examples
(Effect)
2
(Exercise)
4
(Readiness)
Clayesmore School
Clayesmore School
10
8.
6 marks in total
Sub max 4 marks
1
Movement is fluent/flowing
No example = no mark
7
10
(Verbal) giving instructions on how to perform action e.g. stating teaching points
of a volleyball shot
[6]
Clayesmore School
11