A

abandon s.n. 1. {de dreptur) (dr.) desertion/renunciation of rights 2. (a/ navei, al ncrcturi) (mar.) abandonment 3. (retragerea dintr-o operaiune cu prim contra cedrii unei prime) {bur.) abandon ~ pe mare rea - abandon in heavy sea abandona v.t. 1. (drepttiri, pretenii) to relinquish, to waive 2. (nava, ncarctura etc.) to abandon, to leave abandonare s.f. 1. (de drepturi, pretenii) relinquishment 2. abandonment, abandoning ~ a navei - (de ntregul echipqf, cnd nava nu mai poate fi salvaa) abandonment of ship ~ a postului - dereliction ofduty ~ a produsului - (a prodncerii i a comercializru acestuia) product abandonment/elimination ~ a unui bun - (asig. mar.) dereliction abandonat adj. {asig. mar.) abandoned, derelict ~ temporar - temporarily abandoned abata v.t. (a exploata un zcmdn} to work abataj s.f. 1. (loc) coal-face. stope, workings 2. (aciune') mining. cutting, hewing 3. (al arborilor) felling 4. (al vitelor) slaughter abate v.t. 1. (din drnm) to turn oft7 aside/away, to divert, to deviate: to sheer, to v.'ander, 10 escape 2. (mar.} to steer off 3. (a/'boti) to fcll v.r. {de la} (dr.) to iniriiige, to vioaie, to transgress abatere s.f. 1. tuming off/away, diverting, deviation 2. (dr.) infringe-ment, violation, transgression; trespass(ing) 3. {de la regul) exception ~ de la datorie - breach ofduty ~ din drum - (niar.) deviation ~ disciplinar - misbehaviour, infraction ofdiscipline ~ medie - mean deviation ~ standard (concept statistic care indic gradul de deviere a unei serii de datefa de un etalon central) standard deviation abator s.n. slaughterhouse, abattoir abona v.r. (la} to subscribe ('to), to become a subscriber (to) abonament s.n. 1. (la ziar) subscription 2. (ca pref} subscription price/rate; (la restaurant} reduced price for regular customers 3. (la teatru, tramvai etc.) season ticket; (a tren, aiitobnz} (SUA) commutation ticket; (a restaitrant) luncheon voucher, book of luncheon vouchers, {SUA} (rednced--pnce) meal ticket a face un ~ (la) - to subscribe (to), to become a subscnber (to) abonat s.m. {la ziar, televiziune etc.) subscriber; (la ren, tramvai etc.) seasonticket holder, regular traveller; (la eiectricitaf.e, ap etc.) consumer; (telefonic) telephone user: {'ia resiauranf) runcheoii-voucher iioider, (SUA) meal-ticket lioldei aiiorda v.i. {u ucosta) (mar.) to moor, to land, to put ashore v.t. 1. (a se ciocni

12

ABO-ACA

de) (mar.) to collide with, to run foul of, to come into collision with 2. (o problem, un subiect) to tackle, to deal with 3. (in grup o societate-mam cu filialele ei n scopuri contabile) to consolidate abordaj s.n. (mar.) collision abordare s.f. (in grup a unei societi--mam cu filialele ei n scopuri con-tabile) consolidation ~ planificat - (pentru elaborarea situaiei fluxului de numerar) (cont.) schedule approach abrevia v.t. to abbreviate, to abridge, to shorten abreviere s.f. abbreviation abroga v.t. to abrogate, to annul, to repeal, to abolish abrogare s.f. abrogation, annulment, rescission, abolishment absent adj. (de Id) absent, missing (from), not present (at) s.m. absentee ~ involuntar - (de la locul de munc) involuntary absentee absenta v.i. to be absent/missing absenteism^.n. absenteeism absenteist s.m. 1. absentee 2. (proprie-tar funciar care nu locuiete pe terenul pe care l-a dat n arenda) absentee landlord, remittance man absen s.f. absence; nonattendance ~ de la domiciliu nonresidence ~ de la serviciu - (repetat i nemo-tivat) absenteeism ~ franuzeasc -(far nvoire) French leave ~ nemotivat - absence without leave absolvent..w. graduate absolvi v.t. 1. (un institut superior) to graduate (from) 2. (dr.) to acquit, to fmd / to pronounce not guilty

absorbie s.f. (preluarea unei societi de ctre o alta mai mare) absorption, combination abstinen s.f. 1. (periodica) abstinence; (de durat) abstemiousness 2. (eliminarea unor consumuri individuale curente i alocarea unei pri mai mari de venit pentru sporirea capitalului cu scopul de a mri producia de bunuri economice viitoare} abstention abunden s.f. abundance, plenty; (bogie) richness, wealth, overflow abuz s.f. 1. (exces) abuse, excess, intemperance 2. (inelciune) abuse, deceit, fraud 3. (nclcare) encroachment, transgression; (ilegalitate) illegal action ~ de autoritate - abuse of authority ~ de drept - abuse of distress, misuse oflaw ~ de funcie - abuse of office ~ de ncredere - abuse of confidence/ tmst, breach of tmst ~ de putere - abuse of discretion, use ofundue authority, misfeasance a face ~ de - to make too free a use of, to indulge too freely in a face ~ de putere - to override one's commission acalmie s.f. (pe piaa bursier) lull acapara v.t. (o marf cu scopul de a controla furnizarea ei) to buy up; (mrfuri, aciuni) to comer; (mrfuri n scop speculativ) to forestall; {a monopoliza) to monopolize, to engross acaparare s.f. buying up; comering, forestalling; coemption acaparator adj. forestalling; monopo-lizing; acquisitive s.m. forestaller,

ACA-ACC

13

buyer-up, speculative buyer, monopolizer; {de alimente) food hoarder acaret s.n. 1. (dependin) annex, outbuilding 2. pl. household implements; agricultural/farming implements 3.pl. (afr-.)chattel accelera v. t. (dezvoltared) to forward accelerator s.m. (principiu care evideniaz o relaie direct ntre volumul investiiilor nete i modificarea venitului national) accelerator accept s.n. 1. (cambie acceptat/ andosat de o banc) acceptance, accepted bill 2. (acord de acceptare a unei cambii, ncheiat ntre importator sau exportator i banc) acceptance credit ~ bancar - bank/banker's acceptance ~ curat/fr rezerve/meniuni - clean acceptance ~ de garanie colateral - (pentru un mprumuf) collateral acceptance accepta v.t. 1. to accept; (o oferta) to accept, to agree to, to close with 2. (p cambie, un bilet la ordin la scaden sau naintea scadene) to take up acceptabil adj. acceptable; (despre preur) reasonable, fair acceptant.s'.w. acceptor ~ pentru onoare - (al unei cambii) acceptor for honour ~ sub protest - {al unei cambi)
acceptor supra protest

acceptare s.f. acceptance ~ a mrcii - (de ctre consumatori) brand acceptance ~ a succesiunii acceptance of an
estate

~ a titlurilor - {dobndirea de titluri la termen) accept delivery ~ bancar - bank//banker's acceptance

~ condiional - (a unei oferte de ctre cumprtor dac primete unele faciliti) conditional acceptance ~ contra documente - acceptance against documents ~ de complezen - accomodation acceptance ~ de consumatori - (a unui produs) consumer acceptance ~ n alb - acceptance in blank, blank acceptance ~ n caz de necesitate - acceptance m case ofneed ~ necondiionat/fr rezerve unconditional/general acceptance ~ parial - partial acceptance ~ pentru cotare - (a aciunilor unei societi la bursa) admission to quotation ~ pentru onoare - (a unei cambii neacceptate/nepltite) acceptance for honour ~ special/cu rezerve - special/ qualified acceptance ~ sub protest - acceptance supra protest acces s.n. access ~ legal - (dreptul unor persoane de a intra pe o proprietate, de a avea acces la unele documente) (dr.) legal access ~ liber - free access accesibil adj. accessibile, approachable; (despre preur) popular accesibilitate s.f. 1. accessibility, accessibleness, approachability 2. (numrul de indivizi care recepioneaza mesajul unei campanii publicitare) reach accesoriu adj. accessory, incidental; secondary, collateral s.n. pl. appurtenances

14

ACC-ACO ~ de susinere - (pentru a preveni scderea cursului unor aciuni la burs) support purchase ~ speculativ - (cumprarea de bunuri sau de valori mobiliare cu scopul de a le revinde ulterior cu profif) speculation acquisition achiziiona v.t. to purchase, to acquire, to buy achiziionare s.f. purchasing, acquisition, acquiring acont s.n. (plat partiala) part/partial payment, payment on account, sum paid on account; (prima rata) first instalment, down payment; (arvun) eamest money, handsel; (avans) advance (money), {care asigur prioritate la cumprare sau vnzare n condiii prestabilite) option money; (pltit la semnarea contractului de nchiriere) key money a plti un ~ cuiva - to pay smb. a sum on account/a first instalment aconta v.t. to pay on account (for), to pay/to give eamest money (for) acoperi v.t. 1. {bur., fm.) to cover; (un deficit) to make vip, to raeet 1. (un risc) (asig.) to cover acoperire s.f. 1. (bur., fin.) coverage; (tranzacii de acoperire pe piaa bursier prin contracte la termen) covering; (pperaiune de contracarare a riscurilor ce pot decurge dn fluctu-aiile cursurilor la bursele de mrfuri, din variaiile preurilor n tranzaciile de comer exterior sau ale cursurilor de schimb) hedging 2. (a unui risc) (asig.) cover, coverage 3. (procentul de consumatori ai unei piee-int care au cel puin o ocazie de a recepiona un

accident.s'.n. accident ~ asigurat - insured accident ~ cauzat terilor - accident to third party ~ de exploatare - shop/mill accident ~ de munc - industrial/labour/work accident ~ maritim - marine/maritime casualty, accident at sea acciz s.n. excise (duty/tax); inland duty a impune plata accizelor - to excise accizars.m. exciseman achita v.t. 1. (a plt) to pay, to settle, to discharge, to defray; (a stinge o datorie) to extinguish; (parial) to compound; (integral) to pay off; (in rate mic) to pay out; (la timp) to pay up; (taxele vamale) to clear up; (o cambie nainte de scadenta) to retire 2. (dr.) to acquit, to discharge achitare s.f. 1. (plata) payment, settlement, discharge, defrayal, defrayment; (a taxelor vamale) clearance; (a unei cambii nainte de scaden) retirement 2. {dr.) acquittal, absolution-, (de ctre jurai) deliverance; {de ctre judectorul de instrucie) discharge ~ a dobnzilor la un mprumut -service of a loan ~ ntr-o singur tran - single payment achizitor s.m. acquirer, buyer, purchaser achiziie s.f. 1. (cumprtur) purchase, acquisition 2. {achiziionare) purchase, purchasing, acquiring, buying ~ condiionat - memorandum buying

ACO-ACO

15

niesaj publicitar n timpul tinei campani) coverage ~ a dividendelor - (indicator care arata de cte ori pot fi pltite dividendele din proftul net al unei societ) dividend cover ~ a dobnzii - (indicator care arat de cte ori pot fi pltite dobnzile unei ntreprinderi din profitul su brut) interest cover ~ a monedei - backing of currency ~ a posibilitilor de vnzare - (raportul dintre numrul estimat de clieni i numrul pe care l poate deservi un agent de vnzri) sales coverage ~ bancar {garantare parial a bancnotelor de ctre banca de emisiune cu ajutorul unui portofoliu de titluri de valoare, devize convertibile etc.) banking cover ~ continental - (asigurare auto britanic oferit persoanelor care se deplaseaz pe continentul european) continental cover ~ efectiv/real - (campanie publicitar care reia de cel puin patru ori un mesaj publicitar) effective/four-plus cover ~ excedentar - (cumprarea unui numr mai mare de titluri dect pot f vndute) (bur.) long position, bull account/position ~ financiar - backing ~ insuficient - (bur.) short covering, bear account/position ~ n aciuni - (situaia unei societi anonime, care nu mai desfoar activitate economicq, dar care are nc existen juridci) bare shell

~ n aur {gradul de acoperire a bancnotelor aflate n circulaie) gold cover ~ la termen - (bur.) forward cover ~ minim necesar - (bur.) minimum margin requirements ~ monetar - (cantitatea de valori relativ certe - aur, valute convertibile etc. deinute obligatoriu de ctre bncile de emisiune i exprimat printr-un procent din suma total a emisiumi monetare} currency cover ~ prin active - (fin.) asset cover a avea ~ - to be covered, to hold security a nu avea ~ - to be uncovered, to lack security acord s.n. agreement; arrangement ~ anulabil - cancellable agreement ~ asupra navlului - (mar.) rate agreement ~ asupra tarifelor vamale tariff/union agreement ~ bilateral - bilateral agreement ~ colectiv - collective agreement ~ comercial - trade agreement ~ comercial reciproc/pe baz de reciprocitate - (cu reducerea taxelor vamale) reciprocal trade agreement ~ comercial i de pli - trade agreement and payment ~ contractual restrictiv - (care interzice anumite acium) (dr.) restrictive covenant ~ cu creditorii - (concordat) private arrangement, deed of arrangemeiw assignment ~ de angajare - (de for de munca necesara pentru anumite lucrri, ncheiat ntre patronat i sindicate) manning agreement

16

ACO-ACO

~ de arbitraj - arbitration agreement ~ de asociere - (la CEE) association agreement ~ de barter - barter agreement ~ de cliring - clearing agreement ~ de colaborare working agreement ~ de consoriu consortium agreement ~ de constituire a unui sindicat -syndicate agreement ~ de cooperare economic internaional - intemational eco-nomic cooperation agreement ~ de credit cu rennoire automat -revolving credit agreement ~ de cumprare cu plata n rate -(proprietatea asupra produsului devenind efectiv n momentul livrri) deferred payment agreement ~ de evitare a dublei impuneri -agreement to avoid double taxation ~ de fixare a preurilor de revnzare - {sistem de vnzare n care preurile la ultimul consumator sunt stabilite de productor) {SUA) fair-trade agree-ment ~ de garantare a investiiilor -guaranteed investment agreement ~ de indexri salariale - (prevzut ntr-un contract de munc pentru situaia n care preurile cu amnuntul depesc un anumit nivel) threshold agreement ~ de pli - payment agreement ~ de productivitate - (ntre sindicate i patronat, prin care mririle salariale sunt condiionate de creterea produc-tivitii) productivity agreement ~ de rscumprare - (a titlurilor de valoare} repurchase agreement

~ de reealonare a datoriei externe standstill/rescheduling agreement ~ de transfer - (convenie ntre dou ri privind fluxul plilor interna-ionale) transfer agreement ~ de vnzare - agreement to sell ~ de vnzare pe credit - credit sale agreement ~ del credere - del credere agreement ~ economic - economic agreement ~ exclusiv de vnzri - (intre furnizor i comerciantul local) exclusive sales agreement ~ fr concesii/compromisun - 'har bargain ~ general de mprumut - (al FMI) general arrangement to borrow ~ global - overall agreement, bargain by thejob/lump, package deal ~ internaional de produse -intemational agreement for goods ~ ntre debitor i creditori - (n caz de fahment) (dr.) scheme of composition/arrangement between debtor and creditors ~ multilateral - multilateral agreement ~ mutual - (incheiat ntre dou sau mai multe state, care prevede faciliti de natur comercial} reciprocity, mutual agreement ~ prealabil - previous agreement ~ prezidenial - (incheiat de preedinte cu un stat strin, care nu necesit aprobarea senatulu} (SUA) executive agreement ~ scris - agreement in writing ~ stand-by (ncheiat cu FMI) stand--by agreement/arrangement ~ -tip - pattem setting agreement ~ verbal - verbal/oral agreement a fi pltit n ~ - to be paid by the job

ACO-ACT

17

acorda v.t. 1. {a da, a aloca) to grant; to give; (a permite) to allow, to permit; (a decernd) to award; (un drept, un privilegiu) to licence, to charter 2. (un termen) (dr.) to respite ~ cuiva un mprumut - to accommodate smb. with a loan ~ daune - interese - to award damages acordare s.f. granting; giving ~ de aciuni angajailor - (la societatea n care lucreaz) coownership/copartnership of industry ~ de consultan pentru recuperarea datoriilor - debt counselling ~ de licene de fabricaie - licensing ~ de rabaturi - discounting acosta v.i. to moor, to land, to come/to handle/to haul alongside; to berth, to wharf ~ n bune condiii - to make a safe landing acreditivs.n. letter of credit ~ colectiv - general letter ofcredit ~ confirmat - confirmed letter of credit ~ cu livrri ealonate - letter of credit with spread-out deliveries ~ de export - export letter ofcredit ~ deschis - open credit ~ direct - direct letter of credit ~ documentar - documentary letter of credit ~ dublu - back-to-back letter of credit ~ irevocabil - irrevocable letter of credit ~ n alb - (cu suma nespecifcat) blank credit ~ limitat - limited letter of credit ~ neconfrmat - unconfirmed letter of credit

~ nominal - straight letter of credit ~ pltibil n trane - instalment letter of credit ~ rennoit automat - revolving credit ~ revocabil - revocable letter of credit ~ simplu - simple credit ~ subsidiar - subsidiary letter ofcredit ~ transferabil - transferable letter of credit ~ utilizabil prin cambii - letter of credit useful by bills of exchange acru s.m. (unitate de suprafaa} acre act s.n. 1. (fapt) act, action 2. (dr.) deed, act, document; legal instrument; writ; pl. judicial acts; (certifcat) certificate ~ adiional - addendum, rider ~ de avarie comun - (mar.) general average ~ de cesiune - deed of assignment/ conveyance ~ de conHscare a ncrcturii seizure note ~ de constatare (asupra ncrcturif) statement notice; (expertiz) survey report ~ de constatare a cruului - (pentru starea mrfif) (mar.) carrier's statement ~ de depozit n garanie - bailment ~ de depunere a mrfurilor n consignaie - consignment ~ de donaie - deed of gift ~ de faliment - act ofbankruptcy ~ de garanie de depozitare warehouse bond ~ de garanie pentru tranzit - transit bond ~ de ncredinare spre custodie deed of tmst ~ de nsoire - (factur) bill ofparcels

18

ACT-ACT

~ de lichidare a daunei - (asig.) claim release and discharge ~ de lichidare n vam - {mar.) clearance note ~ de lichidare n vam la intrare -(mar.) inward clearance bill/certificate, entry certificate ~ de naionalitate - (a navei) certificate ofregistry ~ de navigaie - marine document ~ de proprietate - deed ofproperty ~ de rzboi - act ofwar ~ de recepie - acceptance certificate ~ de revizie vamal special - bill of sight ~ de subrogare - subrogation form ~ de transfer - (al unei propriet) conveyance; (de titluri de vaoare) deed of transfer, transfer deed ~ de vnzare - bill of sale ~ de vnzare absolut - (fr ipotecarea mrfi) absolute bill of sale ~ de vnzare condiionat - (cu ipotecarea nirfi) conditional bill of sale ~ justifcativ/probant - supporting document, document in proof/support, documentary evidence ~ notarial notarial act/deed, solicitor's deed ~ oficial - official document ~ public public document acte ale navei - (de registru i de companie) ship's/vessel's documents/ papers ~ comerciale - acts of commerce activ s.n. (i pl.) (cont., dr., fin.) asset(s) ~ de capital - (activ pe termen lung deinut n special pentru activitatea normal afirme) capital asset

~ i pasiv - assets and liabilities active acceptate (drept garanie de o banca) bankable assets ~ agresive - (active cu un coeficient beta mai mare dect cel al piee) (bur.) aggressive assets ~ amortizabile - depreciable assets ~ blocate - frozen assets ~ circulante/curente (elemente de acliv absorbite i transformate n ciclul deproducie) circulating/current assets ~ circulante nete - net quick assets ~ comerciale/de exploatare -commercial/operating assets ~ convertibile n lichiditi - quick/ realizable assets ~ corporale/tangibile - tangible/ physical assets '" cu risc - risk assets ~ curente temporare - (active circu-lante cufluctuaii sezoniere sau ciclice) temporary current assets ~ epuizabile/cu durat limitat de exploatare - {inine, cariere etc., care se epuizeaz n timp) wasting assets ~ eventuale - contingent assets ~ fictive - fctitions assets ~ fnanciare - financial assets ~ fxe - fixed assets ~ foarte lichide - quick assets ~ de rezerv - reserve assets ~ imobilizate permanent assets ~ inepuizabile nonwasting assets ~ n curs de fabricaie (cont.) work in process/progress ~ lichide/disponibile - liquid/ available/cash assets ~minimale - (rezerve minime ale unei bnc} minimal assets ~mobiliare personal assets ~ monetare - monetary assets

ACT-AC

19

~ necorporale/intangibile - (brevete, licene, mrci de fabric etc.) intangible assets ~ nelichide - illiquid assets ~ nete - (activul contabil minus pasivul
exigibif) net assets

~ de transport maritim - shipping industry ~ fr perspectiv - termmal/dead-endjob ~ prevzut n buget - budgeted

activity

~ nominale - {in contabilitatea n partid dubl) nominal assets ~ ponderate cu riscul aferent - (fn.) risk-adjusted assets ~ productive - productive assets; (care aduc dobnda) (fin.) active assets ~ reale - real assets ~ sensibile la dobnd - interest-sensitive assets ~ sociale - company's assets ~ stagnante - (care nu pot fi vndute rapid contra numerar) slow assets ~ subevaluate - hidden assets ~ succesorale - (dr.) legal assets, net
estate

~ principal/de baz - core activity/ business ~ public - public activity actualizare s.f. 1. bringing up-to-date 2. (raionament economic prin care se determin evaluarea prezent a unui activ, a unui venit, a unei utiliti viitoare) net present value method actualiza v.t. to bring up-to-date, to update actuar^.m. actuary actuarial adj. actuarial aciona v.i. to act, to take action; to
proceed v.t. (p main, un utilaj) to

activitate s.f. activity; (comerciala) business; (lucru, munca) work ~ bancar - banking ~ bancar de baz - basic banking ~ bancar de la domiciliul clientului - (prin telefon sau calculator) home banking ~ bancar electronic - electronic banking ~ bancar prin intermediul sucursalelor - branch banking ~ comercial frauduloas - (activitate desfurat n timpul derulrii procedurilor defaliment i nedeclarat la tribunat) fraudulent trading ~ de atragere de depozite - (a unei bnc) deposit - taking business ~ de consilier n problemele salariailor - employee counselling

operate, to set in action/motion, to mn ~ conform instruciunilor - to proceed as directed ~ n calitate de - to act in one's capacity ~ n judecat pe cineva - to bring/to take an action against smb., to sue smb. acionar s.m. shareholder; stockholder; (care contribuie la plata datoriilor n caz de lichidare a societi} contributory al unei societi de investiii fnanciare - unit-holder ~ deintor de aciuni nominale -stockholder ofrecord ~ deintor de aciuni prefereniale preference shareholder ~ majoritar principal/controlling shareholder ~ minoritar - minority shareholder

20____________________________

____________________ACT-ACT

actiune s.f. 1. action, act 2. (dr.) legal action, lawsuit, action at law 3. (titlu de valoare) share; stock ~ ascunsa - (forma de manifestare a hazardului moral intr-o relatie con-tractuald incompletd) hidden action ~ civila - civil action ~ comerciala - venture ~ de aur - (actiune care li conferd detindtorului drept de control asupra societdtii respective) golden share ~ directa (presiuni exercitate de muncitori asupra patronatului prin greve, proteste etc.) direct action ~ grevista strike struggle ~ indirecta - (actiune publicitard care urmdreste promovarea prestigiului unei firme sou al unei mdrci $i nu vdnzarea propriu-zisd de produse) indirect action ~ judiciara - legal action, lawsuit, action at law ~ in anulare - (dr.) nullity suit, action v>i WiwAttvyiA ~ in etape/trepte - step action ~ in restituire - (dr.) action for restauration, restitutio in integrum; trover ~ mixta - (civila si penald) mixed action ~ pentru daune - action for damages ~ reala - (pentru arestarea unei nave) (mar.) action in rem ~ reconventionala - (dr.) cross action ~ subrogatorie - (dr.) indirect action actiuni achitate integral - fully paid shares ~ active - (frecvent tranzactionate) active shares ~ ale administratorilor - (acfiuni pe care administratorii unei societdti

anonime sunt obligati sd Ie depund ca garantie a responsabilitdtii lor pe toatd durata mandatului) qualifying shares ~ ale companiilor care exploateaza plantatii - (de tutun, cafea etc.) plantations ~ ale companiilor de navigatie -shipping shares ~ ale salariatilor - staff shares ~ ale societatilor de servicii publice -public utilities ~ ale societatilor din industria aviatica - aviation shares ~ ale societatilor din industria cauciucului - rubbers ~ ale societatilor din industria distractiilor/spectacolelor - (cinema, televiziune, teatru) amusement/ entertainment shares ~ ale societatilor din industria de automobile automotive shares, motors ~ ale societatilor din industria mulwaL - mming, shares ~ ale societatilor din industria textila - textiles ~ ale societatilor din industria tutunului - tobaccos ~ ale societatilor din sectorul asigurarilor - insurance shares ~ ale societatilor din sectorul comercial - commercials ~ ale societatilor din sectorul extractiei si al prelucrarii aurului gold shares ~ ale societatilor din sectorul extractiei si al prelucrarii cuprului coppers ~ alfa - (foarte sigure i rentabile) alpha shares, blue chips

ACT-ACT

21

~ amanate - (cu plata dividendelor dupd ce toate celelalte tipuri de actiuni aufost achitate) - deferred shares ~ americane - (ale societdtilor din SUA) Yankees ~ atractive - (frecvent tranzactionate) leaders ~ australiene - (ale societdtilor din Australia, mai ales din industria minierd si a prelucrdrii tutunului) Kangaroos ~ - barometru - barometer stock ~ comune/obisnuite - common/ ordinary shares/stock, equity shares ~ cotate/listate - listed shares ~ cu drept de vot - voting shares ~ cu drept de vot restrictiv restricted voting shares ~ cu drepturi multiple de vot multiple voting shares ~ cu perspective de crestere - growth shares/stock ~ cu profit mare - high yielders ~ cu sau fara drept de vot - (SUA) classified common stock ~ de compensare - (actiuni ale statului oferite in compensate actionarilor de la unele societdti nationalizate) compensation stock ~ de folosinta - (titlu emis in locul unei acfiuni rambursate si care da drept la o parte din activele ce ar rezulta din lichidarea societdtii) bonus shares ~ de fondator - founder's/vendor's
shares

~ de tezaur - (actiuni comune rdscumpdrate de societatea emitentd de la actionari) (SUA) Treasury shares/stock

~ detinute de public - outstanding shares ~ divizate (in alte actiuni cu valoare mai mica) split shares ~ emise la preturi foarte scazute (pentru speculatii) penny stock ~ emise pentru obtinerea de lichiditati - cash capital/shares ~ excedentare - (actiuni preferentiale necumpdrate la emisiune de actionarii existent!) excess shares ~ fara drept de vot - nonvoting/ voteless shares ~ fara valoare nominala - shares of no par value/without par value, unvalued shares ~ feroviare - (ale companiilor feroviare) railway/rail shares, rails; (SUA) railroads ~ fictive/diluate (emise prin supraevaluarea activelor) watering stock, waters ~ gemene (actiunile a doud societdti independente din punct de vedere juridic care au aceiasi actionari) twin shares ~ gratuite - (emise pe baza rezervelor de capital ale societdtii si care sunt distribute actionarilor existenti proportional cu actiunile detinute) bonus issue/shares ~ indivize -joint shares ~ industriale (emise de societdti comerciale industriale) industrial shares, industrials ~ la moda (foarte cdutate pentru o scurtd perioadd de timp) fashion shares ~ la purtator - bearer shares, shares to bearer ~ la societati de investitii financiare trust units

22

ACT-ACU

~ manageriale - management/ managers' shares ~ marcate - (al cdror certificat de acfiuni poartd dovada exercitdrii drepturilor specifice) marked shares ~ neparticipative - (care nil participd la profit, dar au un dividend fix) nonparticipating shares ~ nepreferentiale/neprivilegiate ordinary/common shares/stock ~ nesigure - bazaar shares ~ noi - (emise in cadrul cresterii capitahdui social) new shares ~ nominale - registered shares/stock ~ petroliere - {ale companiilor petroliere) oil shares ~ preferentiale - (cu plata prioritard a dividendelor) preference/preferred shares, senior shares/stock ~ preferentiale cumulative - {cu dividend cumulativ) cumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale cumulative $i cu participare deplina - fully participating and cumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale necumulative - (jard dividend cumulativ) noncumulative preference/preferred shares/stock ~ preferentiale nerecuperabile - (pe care societatea emitentd nu are dreptui sd Ie rdscumpere) irredeemable preference/preferred shares/stock ~ purtatoare de dividende - dividend-beanng shares ~ revocabile (pe care emitentui isi rezervd dreptui de a Ie rdscumpdra) revocable shares ~ staiutate - (nunicn' obli^iilo rlu de actiuni pe cafe o petsoui'ici irebui.e su u; detind pciilru a Candida, ca inembru m

consiliul de administratie al societdtii respective) directors '/qualification shares ~ subevaluate - (dar cu posibilitdti de redresare) recovery shares ~ sud-africane - (al societdtilor din Africa de Sud, mai ales din indiistria extractiei de aur) Kaffirs ~ suplimentare - (emise in contui dividendelor) scrips ~ tranzactionate in afara bursei over-the-counter shares ~ vechi - {care, la o eventuald emisiune, va avea o valoare mai mica decdt o actiune noua) old shares acumula v.t. to accumulate, to amass; (rezerve) to pile, to lay aside/by; (barn) to hoard up; (a inmagazina) to store; (a spori) to increase, to augment v.i. (a creste, a se mdri) to accrue acumulare s.f. \. accumulation 2. (mdrirea valoru unui activ prin crestere naturala) accretion; accrual ~ de capital accumulation of capital, capital accumulation/formation ~ primara primary/original accumulation acuza v.t. 1. (de) to accuse (of), to charge (with) 2. (dr.) to prosecute, to sue, to bring/to enter/to lay an action/a charge against, to proceed against; (im functionar public) to impeach acuzare s.f. \. accusation 2. (dr.) charge; (inculpare) inculpation, imputation, mcrimmation; (penald) arraignment; (a unui functionar public) impeachment; (pentru diverse vmi) indictment a punc pe ciiiyva '^ib ~ - to commit smb. for tii^l, to .i.'.icH^i smb.

^^,.

ADA-ADM

23

adaos s.n. 1. addition; {spor, crestere) increase, increment, rise; (plus) extra; (supliment) supplement; {completare) completion, appendage, pendant; (anexd) annex; (accesoriu) accessory 2. (amendament) amendment; (la o lege, un document) additional clause, rider; (la un testament} codicil; (la o polita) slip ~ comercial - (trade) markup ~ la greutate - makeweight adauga v.t. to add adaptabilitate s.f. adaptability ~ a factorilor de productie (capacitated de asociere a unei unitati dintr-nn factor cu mai miilte unitati din alt factor de productie) production factors adaptability adecvat adj. adequate; (potrivit) fit, suitable adept 5. m. partisan, follower, adherent; (sprijinitor) supporter, backer, advocate ~ al cartelarii - cartelist "- al economiei planificate/dirijate statist adeverinta s.f. {certificat) certificate; (de primire) receipt; {cupon) counterfoil; (recipisa de depunere a marfurilor) warrant; {atestat) attestation ~ de vama pentru provizii de bord (mar.) ship's store bond a elibera o ~ - to draw up/to issue a certificate aditional adj. additional, extra; (suplimentar) supplementary adjudeca v.t. {la licitatie) to knock down adjudecatar s.m. (la licitatie) highest bidder, successful tenderer

adjunct adj. deputy...; assistant s.m. deputy; assistant administra v.t. {a conduce) to manage, to administer; to husband; to superintend; (o afacere) to carry on, to run; (prost, incompetent) to mismanage administrare s.f. administration; management; husbandry; superintendence ~ a activelor - administration of assets ~ a averii - (apartindnd unei persoane decedate) (dr.) administration of estates ~ a contului - account management ~ a datoriei - debt management ~ a navei management of the ship/ vessel, ship's management, husbandry ~ fiduciara trusteeship ~ judiciara - trusteeship in bankruptcy ~ prin procura - (a afacerilor) procuration ~ proasta/incompetenta mismanagement administrativ adj. administrative administrator s.m. administrator; (director) manager, director, executive; {al unui spital, al unei mchisori) warden, governor; {al bunurilor altei persoane) trustee; (supraveghetor) superintendent; {econom al unui colegiu, al unui club) steward; (intendent) housekeeper; {custode) custodian, keeper ~ de chei - wharfinger ~ de cont - account manager ~ de dana - (SUA) wharf superintendent ~ de epave - receiver of wrecks ~ de nava - ship's husband - delegat - managing director, acting manager

24

ADM-ADU

~ funciar - estate manager, land agent ~ judiciar - (al averii falitului) tmstee in bankruptcy, receiver (in bankruptcy), official receiver ~ public/din oficiu - public trustee administratie s.f. 1. (conducere) administration, management; (directie) direction; {inspectoral) superintendence 2. (serviciu) administrative service/department 3. (guvernare, guvern) government; (SUA) administration ~ a drumurilor - road board ~ financiara - revenue office, tax administration ~ locala - local authority/body/ government ~ prin procura/tutela - trust ~ publica/de stat - state management, civil service admis adj. admitted; (acceptat) accepted; received; (recunoscut) acknowledged admisa asigurarea interesului total (asig.) full interest admitted admisibil adj. admissible; allowable admite v.t. 1. (o cerere) to allow, to grant 2. (un candidat) to admit, to let in, to matriculate ~ un apel - (dr.) to allow an appeal admitere s.f. 1. (a unei cereri) allowance, grant 2. {intr-un post, intr-o scoald) admission, admittance; matriculation ~ de noi membri - admission of new members ~ temporara - (a mdrfurilor de import cu scutire de taxe vamale) temporary admission adoptav.?. to adopt

~ un proiect de lege - to adopt/to pass a bill adresa v.t. (o scrisoare) to address v.r. (cuiva) to address oneself to, to address smb., to approach; (pentru a solicita ceva) to apply to adresant^./n. addressee adresa s.f. 1. (pe plic) address 2. (locul uncle se gdseste cinevd) address; (domiciliu) domicile, residence 3. (scrisoare oficiald) address ~ completa - full address ~ juridica - legal address ~ mobila - float address ~ permanenta - permanent address ~ postala - postal address ~ privata - home address ~ sociala - registered address aduce v.t. 1. to bring 2. (a transporta) to transport, to convey 3. (a produce, a da) to bring in, to yield; (cdstig; despre o mar/a) to command aduna v.t. 1. (cifre) to add, to figure up, to cast up, to tot up 2. (provizii) to lay in/up; (recolta) to gather/to get in, to harvest, to reap 3. (a colecta) to collect 4. {la o adunare) to assemble ~ impozite - to raise money, to levy/to

collect taxes/money
~ prin colecta - to collect money/ subscriptions adunare s.f. (sedinta) sitting; (intrunire) meeting, rally; (plen) assembly; (politico} congress, convention ~ a actionarilor - shareholders'/ stockholders' meeting ~ a creditorilor - creditors' meeting ~ generala a actionarilor - general meeting of shareholders

ADU-AFL

25

~ generala anuala - (a actionarilor) annual general meeting ~ generala extraordinara - (a actionarilor) extraordinary general meeting ~ legislative - legislative assembly ~ statutara - (prima adunare generala a actionarilor) statutory meeting/report advertorial s.n. (articol de fond, editorial special conceput pentru a face publicitate unuiprodus) advertorial aeroports.n. airport afacere s.f. 1. {in sens general) affair 2. business; deal; (incheiatd si reusita) bargain; (negot) trade, commerce; (tranzactie) transaction 3. (judiciara) case, lawsuit ~ banoasa - moneymaker ~ buna - good stroke of business ~ cinstita - straight dealing ~ civila - civil case/suit ~ de familie - family business ~ de stat - state affair ~ dubioasa - shady deal/affair ~ necinstita - (a unui functionar public) jobbery ~ obisnuita - (asigurdri de afaceri, altele decdt cele care nu sunt din sectorul industrial) (asig.) ordinary business ~ olandeza - (in care una dintre parti obtine toate avantajele) Dutch bargain ~ proasta - bad stroke/piece of business, bad/losing bargain ~ producatoare de pierderi - loss maker ~ rentabila - remunerative business, paying/going concern/bargain, capital stroke of business ~ riscanta - adventure, gamble, wildcatting

afaceri ale initiatilor - (directori de societdti, inaiti functionari care detin informatii suplimentare despre anumite actiuni tranzactionate) (bur.) insider dealing/trading ~ bancare - banking ~ bancare de mare anvergura (implicdnd sume mari de bani) wholesale banking ~ de lunga durata - long-winded business ~ de navlosire - (mar.) chartering business ~ maritime - maritime affairs/ business, shipping business - potentiale/posibile - business prospects a intra in ~ - to go into business a se lansa in ~ - to establish oneself in business afacerism s.n. 1. (peiorativ) profiteering, shady business 2. (spirit mtreprinzdtor) mercantile spirit, businesslike manner afacerist s.m. 1. (peiorativ) trafficker, racketeer 2. (pm de afaceri) businessman afilia v.t. to affiliate v.r. to affiliate, to be affiliated afi s.f. poster, bill, billboard ~ mare - crown poster ~ mic - handbill ~ publicitar - show bill afisa v.t. to post up, to bill afiare s.f. bill sticking afisier s.n. notice board ailuenta s.f. 1. (belsug) affluence, plenty 2. (de lume, de clientela) affluence,rush ~ a ofertelor de vanzare - selling pressure

26

AFL-AGE

aflux s. n. (de capital, clienti, mdrfuri etc.) inflow, influx afreta v.t. (mar.) to charter, to freight, to affreight, to fix ~ cu navlu forfetar/global - to charter for lump sum ~ spatiu pe nava - to charter space afretare s.f. (mar.) chartering, freightage, affreightment, fixture agenda s.f. 1. (cornet) note/pocket book 2. (ordine de zi) agenda, order of the day agent s.m. 1. agent; (de schimb, bursa etc.) broker; (intermediar) go-between, medium, middleman 2, (substantd) agent ~ al armatorului - (mar.) owner's agent ~ al carausului - carrier's agent ~ al navlositorului - (mar.) charterer's agent, charter bound agent ~ al unei companii de mesagerie (SUA) expressman ~ comercial - commercial agent; (comis-voiajor) travelling salesman, canvasser; (comisionar) mercantile agent; (intermediar) merchandise broker ~ comercial costier - (mar.) beachman ~ comisionar - commission agent ~ consular - consular agent ~ de aprovizionare a navelor shipchandler, ship's chandler ~ de asigurare - insurance agent/ broker; (cdruia i se cedeazd un bun asigurat) (asig. mar.) abandonee; (membru al unei asociatii profesionale) incorporated broker ~ de asigurare Lloyd - (asig. mar.) Lloyd's agent

~ de asigurari maritime - marine insurance broker ~ de bursa - (specializat in tranzactii cu optiuni) option dealer/operator; (SUA) commission broker; (la bursa de mdrfuri) produce broker ~ de colectare a accizelor - exciseman ~ de companie - (mar.) company's agent ~ de cumparare - (care achizitioneazd mdrfuri pentru patronul sail) purchasing agent ~ de descarcare - unloading agent ~ de descarcare-primire - discharging contractor ~ de expeditie - (a mdrfurilor) forwarding agent, freight forwarder ~ de export - export agent ~ de import - import agent ~ de investitii - money manager ~ de incasari - collecting agent ~ de Tncarcare - loading contractor ~ de incarcare si expeditie - shipping and forwarding agent ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance/ clearing agent; (SUA) customs broker ~ de navlosire (mar.) chartering agent/broker, freight agent/broker ~ de onorare a cererilor de despa-gubire - (in baza politelor de asigurare) claims adjuster ~ de pariuri - bookmaker ~ de presa - press agent ~ de primire - (a mdrfurilor) receiving clerk ~ de publicitate - advertising/publicity agent ~ de schimb - (bur.) stockbroker; (de mdrfuri) mercantile broker; (de cambii) cambist, running broker; (de titliin (ie vuio^ift'} conversion a "en:

AGE-AGR

27

~ de schimb valutar - foreign exchange broker/dealer ~ de scont - discount broker, bill broker ~ de subscriere - subscription agent ~ de transfer - (care inregistreazd transferal titlurilor de valoare) (SUA) transfer agent ~ de transport - transport agent ~ de transport si expeditie - shipping and forwarding agent ~ de tranzitari - transit agent ~ de vanzare a navei - ship sale broker ~ de vanzari - selling agent, sales agent/representative ~ del credere - del credere agent ~ electoral - canvasser ~ fiscal - tax collector, exacter, exactor; (care fixeazd impozitele) assessor ~ frigorific - cold carrier, cooling agent, refrigerant ~ frigorific lichid - refrigerant fluid ~ general al armatorului - (mar.) husband ~ imobiliar - real estate agent/ operator, estate agent; (SUA) realtor ~ intermediar - (comisionar cu
ridicatd) factor

~ maritim - marine agent, ship agent/ broker; (de expeditie) shipping agent ~ monetar - circulating medium ~ pentru brevete - patent agent ~ platitor - paying agent ~ sanitar - health officer
agentie A./' agen;,)1, {^euhi} uffice ~ comerciala conii-iserciaL'ti-ciJi.,

agency
~ de bilete - ticket agciicy

~ de garantare a creditelor de export - export credit agency ~ de informatii de credit - credit reference agency ~ de informatii financiare - (despre firme) status enquiry agency ~ de navigatie - shipping agency ~ de plasare - employment agency/ bureau ~ de presa - press agency ~ de publicitate - advertising agency ~ de rating - rating agency ~ de recuperare a datoriilor - debt-recovery agency ~ de stiri - news agency ~ de verificare a solvabilitatii - (unui client sau a unei firme) credit agency ~ de voiaj - travel/tourist agency ~ guvernamentala - government agency ~ imobiliara - estate agency ~ maritima - maritime agency ~ portuara - port agency ~ vamala - customs agency agio s.n. (bur., fin.) agio; premium agiota v.t. to job, to speculate on the stock exchange, to bull and bear agiotaj s.n. agiotage agiotor.y.m. agio/stockjobber agitare s.f. (a pietei bursiere prin cumpdrarea masivd de actiiim ale unei societdti neperfbrmante cu intentia de u-i create artificial valoarea) bubble agitat adj. (despre piata bursieru} excited agrar adj. agrarian agregat s.n i. (uti/a]) (engine) unit, plani. unit. :"-seinbly, geiieratsng sc; 2. {indicts,..:' siati.Mic ci.! cme ,u' niasouici acli':uutea econciii[(.n u ii/ici tan') a^gre^ti^

28

AGR-AJU

~ macroeconomic - macroeconomic aggregate ~ monetar - monetary aggregate agricol adj. agricultural agricultor s.m. farmer, cultivator; agriculturist; (tdran) peasant agricultura s.f. agriculture, farming;

~ a salariilor - wage adjustment

~ a valorii - (mdrirea sau scdderea valorii unui post de activ din bilant pand la valoarea zilei respective)

(cont.) value adjustment ~ conjuncturala - (ansamblu de

politici si mdsuri macroeconomice

luate de stat) conjunctural adjustment

subsistence ^bsist ~ de subzistenta

agriculture/farming ~ extensiva - extensive agriculture ~ intensiva - intensive agriculture, high farming ~ mecanizata - mechanized agriculture ~ mixta - (cultivarea pdmantului si cresterea animalelor) mixed farming agrimensor s.m. land surveyor agrimensura s.f. land surveying agrobiologie s.f. agrobiology, agricultural biology agrochimie s.f. agrochemistry, agricultural chemistry agroindustrie s.f. agribusiness agronoms.m. agronomist agronomic s.f. agronomy, agronomics, agriculture agrotehnica s.f. agrotechnics, agricultural engineering, land use, farm practices agrozootehnica s.f. agricultural zootechnics ajun s.n. eve ~ al lichidarii - (bur.) name day ajunge v.i. (la) 1. to arrive (at) 2. (despre o sumo) to amount (to) ~ la scadenta - to fall due ~ la un compromis - (cu creditorii) to compound ajusta v.t. (la) to adjust (to) ajustare s.f. adjustment

~ ^mM a Droturilor -corrcctiE

price adjustment ~ la convertire - (sumd rezultatd, in momentui convertirii obligatiunilor, din diferenta dintre pretui de rambursare al vechilor obligatiuni si pretui color noi) adjustment on conversion ~ la sfarsitui anului - (a conturilor in vederea mcheierii bilan^ului) year-end adjustment ~ structurala - (modificdri promovate de autoritdtile guvernamentale pentru ameliorarea climatului general al economiei nationale) structural adjustment ajustari ale taxelor vamale la export - border tax adjustments
ajuta v.t. to aid; to assist; (material) to

support; (a sustine) to sustain, to back up; (la nevoie) to relieve ajutor s.n. aid; (asistentd) assistance; (material) support; (la nevoie) relief; (bdnesc) allowance; (alocatie) benefit s.m. 1. aid; assistant 2. (loctiitor) deputy; (adjunct) adjunct, adjoint ~ de boala - sick(ness) allowance/ benefit/pay ~ de inmormantare - death grant ~ de maistru - charge hand ~ de natere - maternity allowance/ benefit/pay ~ de stat - (acordat familiilor numeroase) state grant to large families

AJU-ALO

29

~ de omaj - unemployment allowance/benefit/pay, dole ~ economic - economic assistance ~ extern - foreign aid ~ financiar - financial assistance ~ mutual - mutual aid ~ pentru comert - (serviciile bancare, de publicitate, asigurdri, transporturi) aids/ancillaries to trade ~ social - social security benefit alatura v.t. \. (a pune aldturi) to lay by, to join, to add/to adjoin/to subjoin to; (a anexd) to annex; (intr-un plic) to enclose 2. (a compara) to compare; (a confruntd) to confront; (a colationa) to collate alaturat adj. (anexat) annexed, enclosed aici ~ - here enclosed, herewith album s.n. album; (pentru articole, decupaje etc.) scrap book ~ de mostre - sample book alcatui v.t. 1. (a schita, a redacta) to draw up 2. (un deviz) to estimate aleatoriu adj. aleatory, random alegator s.m. voter, elector alege v.t. 1. to choose; (a selecta) to select, to screen 2. (a vota) to elect, to vote 3. {intr-un post) to vote in alegere s.f. 1. choice; selection; (a celei mai bune alternative) (man.) screening 2. (yotare) election, polling alianta s.f. alliance aliena v.t. (dr.) to alienate alienabil adj. alienable alienare s.f. (dr.) alienation aliment s.n. food, foodstuff; pi. victuals alimente de prima necesitate essential foodstuff

~ pentru consum rapid - (fast foods, alimente special ambalate si preparate pentru a fi consumate imediat) convenience goods alimenta v.t. 1. to feed, to nourish 2. (CM apd, energie electricd etc.) to supply; (cu combustibil) to fuel 3. (piata) to supply alimentara s.f. provision/food store aliniere s.f. (procesul prin care o bancd isi coreleazd activul/creditele cu pasivul/depozitele) matching ~ a fondurilor - (rnetodd de finantare a creditelor prin depozite cu scadentd comund) funds matching aloca v.t. to allocate, to allot, to assign; (din buget) to budget; (a destina) to earmark alocare s.f. allocation, allotment, assignment; appropriation ~ a activelor - asset allocation ~ a capitalului - (criterii de decizie pentru investitii in active fixe care implied compararea costului investitiei cu beneficiile sale viitoare) capital budgeting ~ a costurilor individuale - (din costui total) cost allocation ~ a resurselor - (distribuirea resurselor, mtr-o economic, intre diferite utilizdri pentru a obtine un ansamblu de bunuri finale) allocation of resources, resources allocation ~ de actiuni - allotment of shares ~ de sarcini specifice - (fiecdrui utilaj din cadrul fabricii) machine loading alocatie s.f. allocation, allotment, assignment; (ajutor bdnesc) allowance, benefit, compensation, grant-in-aid ~ bugetara - budget dole

30

ALO-AMB

~ de familie - (pentru copii) family allowance ~ de hrana - food/victualling allowance ~ de tmbarcare - (mar.) shipping allocation ~ de omaj - dole ~ individuals - capitation grant ~ pentru copil - child benefit ~ pentru greviti - strike benefit/pay alonja s.f. (pagina atasatd unei cambii, destinatd andosdrilor succesive) allonge, rider alterna v.t. to alternate alternative s.f. alternative alternative nonmonetare - (elemente implicate in luarea deciziilor privind utilizarea resurselor care nu pot fi exprimate in forma monetard) nonmonetary alternatives amanets.n. pawn a da/a lasa ~ - to pawn a scoate de la ~ - to take out of pawn, to redeem, to ransom amaneta v.t. to pawn, to put in pawn amanetare s.f. pawnage amara v.t. (incdrcdtura navel) (mar.) to lash, to secure, to fasten, to fix, to bind amarare v.t. (mar.) lashing, securing, fastening, fixing, binding ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - (in magazia navei sail pe punte) securing of cargo ~ a marfurilor - making fast, strapping ~ pentru mare - securing for sea ~ temporara - working fastening amana v.t. 1. to postpone, to lay over, to put off; (a intdrzia) to delay 2. (dr.)

to adjourn, to continue 3. (a pdsui) to reprieve, to respite amanare s.f. 1. postponement; delay 2. (dr.) adjournment 3. (pdsuire) respite, grace ~ sine die - adjournment sine die ambala v.t. to pack up, to package, to wrap up; (in baluri) to bale; (in sad) to bag; (in Idzi, cutii) to encase; (cadouri) to gift-wrap ambalaj s.n. pack, package, packing, wrapping ~ cerut i platit de cumparator special packing paid ~ de export - export packing ~ de maina - machine packing ~ defectuos - deficient/faulty packing ~ din hartie rezistenta - kraft paper ~ etan/impermeabil - waterproof packing ~ facturat separat - packing extra ~ inclus in pret - packing included ~ maritim - seaworthy packing ~ necorespunzator - inadequate packing, unsound package ~ neinclus in pret - packing not included ~ pentru cadouri - giftwrapping ~ pentru transportui pe mare packing for shipment, overseas pack ~ potrivit dupa forma obiectului - fit packing ~ refolosit - second-hand package ~ returnabil - returnable package ~ transparent - blister pack ambalare s.f. packing, wrapping; (in baluri) baling; (in sad) bagging, sacking; (in Idzi, ciitii) encasement, crating; (de cadouri) giftwrapping ambalator^.w. packer, wrapper ambasada s.f. embassy

AMB-ANA

31

ambasador s.m. ambassador ~ plenipotentiar - plenipotentiary ambulant adj. itinerant, strolling ameliora v.t. to improve, to make better, to better ameliorare s.f. improvement, betterment ~ a solului - soil improvement amenaja v.t. 1. to arrange; (o casa) to fit up, to dispose; (un oras) to plan; (a mobila) to furnish 2. (a echipa) to fit out, to appropriate; (o nova pentru o anumitd clasd de pasageri sau pentru transportui de marfd) to accommodate amenajare s.f. 1. arrangement; accommodation 2. pi. {ale navei) accommodations, fittings, facilities ~ de santier - construction management ~ forestiera - forest management ~ portuara - harbour accommodation amenajari de dana - berthing facilities, berth fittings ~ pentru animale - cattle fittings ~ pentru cereale - grain fittings ~ pentru pasageri - passenger accommodations ~ pentru transportui fructelor (faguri de lemn) fruit fittings amenda v.t. 1. (a imbundtdti) to amend, to improve; (o lege) to amend
2. (a pune la amenda} to fine, to

penalize amendamenti-.n. amendment amenda s.f. fine, penalty; (penalitate pentru mcalcarea unui contract) forfeit, penalty amiralitate s.f. admiralty amnistia v.t. to amnesty amortiza v.t. 1. {a rambursa treptat o datorie prin pidti repetate) to amortize,

to sink, to clear off, to write off 2. (procedeu contabil ce constd in diminuarea treptatd a valorii capitalului fix, survenitd in cursul perioadei de functionare, ca urmare a uzurii normale si a invechirii previzibile} to depreciate amortizabil adj. depreciable amortizare s.f. 1. (a unei datorii) amortization, sinking 2. (cont.) depreciation, wear and tear ~ accelerata - accelerated depreciation ~ cumulata - accumulated depreciation ~ fixa - fixed depreciation ~ in cote egale - straight-line depreciation ~ in sume fixe - level payment amortization ~ libera - free depreciation ~ normala fair wear and tear amplasa v.t. to place, to lay out, to site, to locate amplasament^.n. site, location an s.m. year ~ civil/calendaristic - civil/calendar year ~ comercial - commercial business ~ contabil - accounting year ~ cu vin de calitate - vintage year ~ curent - current year ~ de productie - working year ~ de referinta - base year ~ financiar financial year ~ fiscal/bugetar - fiscal year ~ - record/de varf- peak year ~ universitar - academic year ani de munca - (socotiti la calcularea pensiei) pensionable service analists.m. analyst

32

ANA-ANA

~ al pietei bursiere - (care intocmeste grafice, tabele) chartist ~ de investitii - investment analyst analiza v.t. to analyse; (a defaica) to break down analiza s.f. analysis; (defalcare) breakdown ~ a breselor - (identificarea
oportunitdtilor de marketing pe o

piata) gap analysis ~ a calitatii - quality survey ~ a cheltuielilor de capital - capital expenditure analysis ~ a componentelor activitatii operation breakdown ~ a componentelor postului - job breakdown ~ a concurentei - (de cdtre firmele rivale) competitor analysis ~ a drumului critic - (analiza etapelor pentru realizarea fiecdrei activitdti succesive in vederea implementdrii intregii strategii) critical path analysis ~ a fluxului de numerar - (cont., fin.) funds-flow analysis ~ a investitiei - investment analysis ~ a postului -job analysis ~ a pragului de rentabilitate (metodd de a stabili ce nivel al vdnzdrilor este necesar pentru ca un produs nou so. depdseascd pragul de rentabilitate, adicd veniturile sdfie mat man decdt costurile) (cont.) break-

-even analysis ~ a preturilor - breakdown of prices ~ a proportiilor (pentru determinarea performantelor unui agent economic) ratio analysis ~ a riscului - (fin.) risk analysis ~ a riscului politic - (evaluat de un investitor, referitor la politico guver-

namentald a unui stat) political risk analysis ~ a scadentelor - due date analysis ~ a seriilor cronologice - (pentru elaborarea previziunilor comerciale) time-series analysis ~ a sistemului - system analysis ~ a timpului necesar miscarilor - (in procesul muncii) motion time analysis ~ a titrului - assay ~ a tranzactiei - (cont.) transaction analysis - a valorii - (analiza componentelor fi a operatiilor pentru obtinerea unui produs, in vederea realizdrii aceleia^i calitdti la un cost mai redus) value analysis ~ a vanzarilor - sales analysis, breakdown of sales ~ a vanzarilor cu amanuntui (debuseuri, stocuri, publicitate etc.} shop audit ~ a vanzarilor in adancime - (de la primirea comenzii pdnd la expedierea mdrfii i afacturilor) sales depth test ~ a vechimii debitorilor - debtor age analysis ~ asociata - (tehnicd de lucru utilizatd in dezvoltarea noilor produse) conjoint analysis ~ calitativa - (studiu de piata) qualitative analysis ~ cantitativa - (studiu de piata} quantitative analysis ~ comportamentala - (initiatd dc conducerea unei intreprinderi pentru u afia cauza relafiilor necorespunzdtoare dintre patronat si salariati) attitude survey ~ contabila - accounting analysis

ANA-AND

33

~ cost - beneficiu - (metoda de evaluare a oportunitdtii implementdrii unui protect, a continuant unei afaceri prin compararea beneficiilor obtinute cu costurile /acute) cost-benefit analysis ~ de expertiza/arbitraj - umpire analysis ~ de grup - (tehnicd de analizd statisticd prin intermediul cdreia o mostrd este incadratd intr-o serie de grupuri cu anumite trdsdturi comune) cluster analysis ~ de piata - market analysis ~ de portofoliu - (analiza unui depozit de titluri avdnd drept criteriu valoarea bursierd a acestora, profitui etc.) portfolio analysis ~ de trend - (analiza evolutiei situatiei financiare mregistratd de o firmd) trend analysis ~ dispersionala/de variants - (analiza diferentelor dintre costurile si veniturile alocate si cele actuate) variance analysis ~ economics - economic analysis ~ factorials - factorial analysis ~ financiara - financial analysis ~ globala - bulk analysis ~ incrementala - incremental analysis ~ intrare-iesire - (metoda de studiere a interdependentelor cantitative dintre activitdti economice corelate, de analizare a relafiilor dintre divers ele industrii producdtoare fi consumatoare din cadrul unei economii nationale) input-output analysis ~ in sectiune transversals - (calculul ratelor financiare la doud momente diferite de timp) cross-sectional analysis

~ macroeconomics - macroeconomic analysis ~ marginala - marginal analysis ~ pe categorii - category analysis ~ procentuala - percentage analysis ~ statistics - statistical analysis ~ strategics - (analiza factorilor-cheie care pot asigura succesul) (man.) strategic analysis ~ structurala - (a unei ramuri industriale, a unei economii nationale) structural analysis ~ volumetrica - measure analysis ancheta s.f. 1. (dr.) inquest, inquiry, investigation 2. (sociald etc.) investigation; (studiu) survey ~ de opinie - opinion survey ~ de piata - market survey ~ de teren - field research -judiciara -judicial investigation ~ prin sondaj - sample survey ~ sociala - social investigation andoca v.t. (mar.) to dock, to drydock andosa v.t. (un efect de comert) to endorse, to back andosabil adj. endorsable andosant v. andosator andosare s.f. endorsement ~ completa - endorsement in full conditionata conditional endorsement ~ cu rezerve - qualified endorsement ~ de complezenta - accommodation endorsement ~ defectuoasa - incorrect endorsement ~ facultativa - facultative endorsement ~ in alb - endorsement in blank ~ neconditionata - unconditional/ absolute endorsement ~ prin procura - procuration endorsement

34

AND-ANS

~ reglementara - regular endorsement ~ restrictiva - restrictive/restricted endorsement speciala/nominala special endorsement andosatar^.rn. endorsee andosator-y./n. endorser, backer ~ precedent - previous endorser ~ ulterior - subsequent endorser al doilea ~ - second endorser anex adj. annexed; enclosed anexa v.t. to annex, to append, to join; {intr-un plic) to enclose anexat adj. annexed; (alaturat) enclosed ~ alaturat - annexed herewith ~ la prezenta - attached hereto anexa s.f. 1. annex; (la un document} rider, schedule; (in plic) enclosure 2. {dependinta} annex; dependency, appurtenance angaja v.t. 1. to employ, to hire (on); to take in one's service; (ca ucenic) to indent, to indenture 2. (o nava) to book, to hire, to fix 3. (a implied} to involve v.r. 1. (a se obligd) (sd) to engage oneself (to), to pledge/to bind oneself (to) 2. (intr-un serviciu) to become employed, to go into service ~ raspunderea - to pledge the liability of angajament s.n. 1. engagement, commitment; pledge; (de naturd contractuala) indenture 2. {obligatie) obligation, liability; (datorie, pasiv) liability ~ de contributie - (in avaria comund) (asig. mar.) average bond ~ de garantie - suretyship ~ eventual - contingent liability

~ ferm (a! subscriitorului fata de intreaga emisiune de titluri de valoare) firm commitment ~ neonorat/restant - outstanding liability ~ scris - (depus in custodia unei terte persoane care actioneazd conform unei intelegeri prealabile} (dr.) escrow angajare s.f. employment, hire; (intr-un post) induction ~ continua (perioadd de functionare nemtreruptd la o firmd, folositd pentru calcularea unor beneficii) continuous employment ~ de forta de munca excedentara (pentru a evita lips a acesteia in viitor) labour hoarding ~ de personal - staffing angajat.s-.rn. person engaged/employed ~ cu norma intreaga - whole timer, full-time employee angro adv. wholesale angrosist s.m. wholesale dealer/ merchant, wholesaler; (comerciant care se aprovizioneazd de la un anumit producdtor, pdstrdnd un anumit stoc de marfd, in schimbul unor bonificatii) stockist animal s. n. animal - de povara - pack animal, beast of burden ~ de tractiune - beast of draught ~ producator de lana - wool bearer animate de reproductie - bloodstock, pedigree stock ~ vii - {categoric de marfd) live cattle/stock animatic s.n. (fragmentele in miscare dintr-un clip publicitar televizai) animatic ansamblu^.rt. ensemble; aggregate

ANS-ANU

35

~ de date catalogate - catalogued data set ~ de elemente - (care afecteazd randamentid) yield mix ~ de locuinte - housing development ~ de produse - product mix antedata v.t. to antedate, to foredate antedata s.f. antedate anteproiect s.n. preliminary/previous design/plan/project, first draft anterior adj. anterior (to), prior (to) anterioritate s.f. anteriority, previousness; priority ~ a inventiei - priority of invention aatets.n. heading of a letter, letterhead anticipa v.t., v.i. to anticipate, to forestall anticipare s.f. anticipation; (asteptare, expectativa) expectation ~ si temporizare - (indicatorii activitdtii economice nationale sunt fie previzionati, fie confirmati dupa producerea transformdrilor) leading and lagging anticipari de pret - price expectations ~ inflationiste - inflationary expectations ~ rationale - (tendinta participantilor la schimb de a prevedea actuinile vizand modificarea rezultatelor pietei) rational expectations anticipat adj. anticipated adv. beforehand antidumping s. n. antidumping antiinflationist adj. anti-inflationary antiprotectionist s.m. (SUA) tariff reformer antitrust adj. antitrust antrepozit s.n. warehouse, storehouse, entrepot

~ de consignatie - consignment warehouse ~ frigoritic cold storehouse ~ pe tarm - warehouse ashore - portuar - harbour warehouse ~ vamal - bonded/customs warehouse, public storehouse antrepozitare s.f. warehousing antreprenor s.m. contractor, entrepreneur, enterpriser, undertaker ~ de chei - wharfinger ~ de constructii - master-builder, building contractor ~ de descarcare-primire - (a mdrfurilor) (mar.) landing coniractor ~ de incarcare - loading contractor ~ de pompe funebre - undertaker: (SUA) mortician ~ de transporturi - haulage/cartage contractor, transporter ~ general - prime/chief contractor antrepriza s.f. undertaking, enterprise, work by contract, contract for a work a da in ~ - to put out to contract a lua in ~ - to contract for, to take by contract anual adj. yearly, annual adv. yearly, annually anuar s.n. yearbook, directory ~ comercial/al societatilor comerciale - trade/commercial directory ~ de publicitate - advertising directory ~ statistic - statistical yearbook anuitate s.f. annuity ~ a politei comune de asigurare de viata -joint life annuity ~ a politei comune de asigurare de viata si pentru supravietuitor - (cu anuitatea diminuatd dupa decesul unuia dintre cei doi asigurati) joint life and survivor annuity

36

ANU-APE

~ aleatorie - (a unei polite de asigurare de viatd, a caret platd este conditionatd de producerea unui eveniment) contingent annuity ~ amanata - (as ig.) deferred annuity ~ perpetua - perpetual annuity ~ platibila pentru o perioada limitata - (asig.) terminable annuity ~ prin reversiune - (asig.) reversionary annuity ~ sigura/la termen - (asigurare care prevede plata cdtre beneficiar a unei anuitdti pe o perioada determinata) annuity certain anula v.t. 1. to annul, to disannul; (a revoca) to revoke; (a contramanda) to call off; (o comandd, un credit etc.) to withdraw; (o datorie) (cont.) to write off 2. (dr.) (a abrogd) to nullify; (a rezilia) to cancel, to undo, to void, to vacate; (a respinge, a casa) to overrule, to reverse; (o lege, un testament etc.) to render void, to void, to repeal anulabil adj. cancellable; voidable, vacatable anulare s.f. 1. annulment, disannulment; (a unei comenzi, a unui credit etc.) withdrawal; (a unei datorii) remittal, write-off 2. (dr.) (abrogare) nullification, defeasance; (reziliere) cancellation, voidance, avoidance; (a unui testament etc.) invalidation, voidance anunt s.f. announcement, notice, notification; (afis) bill; (in ziar) advertisement; (informatie apdrutd in ziar) insertion; (fluturas, anunt distribuit trecdtorilor) handbill ~ de reclama - (secvenfe din filme de cinema si televiziune prezentate ca reclama) trailer

~ in ziar - newspaper advertisement ~ publicitar - (la radio si televiziune) spot announcement/broadcast, commercial; (al unui detailist publicat aldturi de anuntui fabricantului respective (SUA) tie-in a da un ~ la ziar - to advertise in a newspaper, to put an advertisement anunta v.t. to announce, to notify; (printr-un afis) to bill; (in ziar, la radio etc.) to advertise aparat s.n. apparatus, device, appliance; (marina) machine; (instrument) instrument; (mecanism) gear, mechanism ~ de productie - production apparatus ~ pentru prelevare de probe sampler, sampling device aparatura s.f. apparatus; equipment ~ electrocasnica - white goods apartament.s'.n. flat; suite apartamente cu chirie/de inchiriat lodgings apatie s.f. apathy ~ la cumparare - (in ciuda reclame!) sales apathy apa s.f. water ~ poluata - polluted water ~ potabila - drinking/potable water ape continentale - continental waters ~ costiere - coastal/offshore waters ~ cu trafic intens - congested waters ~ de pescuit - fishing waters ~ industriale - industrial waters ~ interioare - intemal/interior/inland waters ~ Internationale - international waters ~ inchise - (pentru navigatie) closed waters ~ maritime - maritime waters ~ nationale - inland waters

APE-ARE

37

~ navigable - navigable waters ~ portuare - harbour/port waters ~ reziduale/uzate - waste waters, effluents ~ teritoriale - territorial waters apel s.n. 1. call 2. (dr.) appeal ~ de sinistru - {mar.) distress/SOS call a declara ~ - to lay/to lodge an appeal, to reclaim apelant s.m. (dr.) appellant, appealing party, plaintiff in appeal aplana v.t. (un conflict) to settle aplica v.t. 1. (o lege) to enforce 2. (o semndtura, o stampild) to append, to affix apart s.n. contribution ~ de capital - contribution of capital aprecia v.t. (a evalua) to appraise, to evaluate, to estimate, to assess v.r. (bur., cont.,fin.) to appreciate apreciere s.f. 1. (evaluare) appraisal, evaluation, estimate, assessment 2. (a valorii unui activ) (bur., cont., fin.) appreciation ~ a capacitatii - (unui salariat) performance appraisal ~ a perspectivelor pietei - assessment of market prospects ~ a unei valute - (in raport cu altele) currency appreciation aproba v.t. to approve; to sanction; (a ratified) to ratify; (a fi de acord cu) to agree with/to aprobare s.f. approval ~ a cadastrului - planning permission apropria v.t. to appropriate 2. (dr.) to
convert

apropriere s.f. 1. appropriation 2. (dr.) conversion aproviziona v.t. to supply; (a furniza) to furnish; ( cu materiale, piese etc.) to

stock; ( cu alimente) to provision, to victual, to cater for v.r. to take/to lay in a stock/supply, to buy in, to provide oneself ~ excesiv (o piatd, un magazin etc.) to overstock ~ insuficient - to understock aprovizionare s.f. supply; (furnizare) furnishing; (cu alimente) provisioning, victualling, catering ~ institutionalizata - (modalitate prin care diversele organizatii identified si evalueazd produsele pe care doresc sd Ie achizitioneze) organizational buying ~ in grup - (a detailistilor) group trading ~ pe termen scurt - short-run supply ar s.m. (unitate de mdsurd) are ara v.t. to plough, to till arabil adj. arable, tillable aranjament s.n. arrangement; (intelegere) agreement, settlement ~ amical - friendly arrangement aratura s.f. 1. (arat) ploughing, tilling 2. ploughland, tillage arbitra v.t. to arbitrate; (un diferend) to umpire arbitraj s.n. 1. (solutionarea unui diferend de cdtre o persoand sau institutie automata) arbitration 2. (cumpdrarea si vdnzarea simultand de instrumente financiare similare pe piete diferite cu scopul realizdrii unui profit sau pentru a prevent eventualele schimbdri posibile in raporturile de preturi ale instrumentelor respective) arbitrage ~ cu dobaiida acoperita - (fin.) covered interest arbitrage ~ de indici - (bur.) index arbitrage

38

ARB-ARM

~ intre burse ale aceleiasi tari shunting ~ pentru normele de munca ~ arbitration of work standards ~ speculativ - speculative arbitrage ~ valutar - arbitrage in/of exchange, exchange arbitrage arbitru s.m. arbitrator, arbiter arbore s.m. tree ~ de decizie - (stabilirea grqflcd a tipului de relatie intre deciziile manageriale si factorii probabilistici) (man.) decision tree arenda v.t. (a da sau a Ilia in arenda) to lease, to rent; [a luu in arenda} to tenant arendare s.f. (dare sau luare in arenda) lease, leasing; (luare in arenda) tenancy arenda? s.m. leaseholder, lessee, tenant ~ abuziv (care continud sd ocupe o proprietate dupd expirarea contractului fdrd acordul proprielarului) tenant at sufferance ~ cu contract (valabil un anumit numdr de ani) tenant for years ~ cu contract valabil un an - tenant from year to year - fara contract -- tenant at will ~ in cota indiviza - tenant in common ~ pe viata - tenant for life, life tenant arenda s.f. (drept) lease; (plata) rent -- excesiva - rack-rent - pe viata - perpetual lease - supiimentara - (p'ldtitd pentru terenuri cdnd aceslea sunt insuficiente) scarcity rent a da in ~ - to grant/to iet out on lease a lua in ~ - to lake on lease ar^mts.n. silver - in. liiigoiiri - silver bullion

~ monetar/cu titlu legal - standard/ sterling silver arhivar s.m. archivist, keeper of the records arhivas.f. archives, records arhivele statului - public records arie s.f. area; (siiprafatd) surface; (zond) zone; (intindere) extent, expanse ~ a vanzarilor - (de care rdspunde un agent de vdnzdri) sales territory/zone ~ productiva (arie petroliferd} payable area/zone arierat^.n. arrear, overdue debt arima v.t. (afrxa incdrcdtura unei. nave sau a unm avion pentru mentinerea mini centra/ favorabil stabilitdtii) to stow arimare s.f. stowing, stowage ~ a marfurilor stowing goods ~ corecta - sound stowage arma v.t. 1. (o nava) to fit out, to outfit, to commission 2. (a incadra cu echipaj o navd) to man armare .s'./ (mar.) 1. (dotare cu echipament si materiale) fitting out, outfit, commission 2. (incadrare cu echipaj) manning armatorA'./H. (mar.) shipowner, owner ~ administrator - managing owner ~ al navei de linie - berth owner/ shipowner ~ al navei-tramp - tramp owner ~ ciimparator merchant shipper independent/necartelat nonconference carrier ~ - Inchirietor chartered/freight contractor - { na\ lositor - owner and charterer armoniza v.i 1. {poliiici fi practici nationale Ci! stundardele inte:''r.a-honai.e} to harmonize 2. (d!fe"te'

ARM-ARU

39

tipuri de registre contabile ale unei societdti) to reconcile armonizare s.f. hamionization ~ a taxelor vamale - (nniformizarea nomenclatoarelor ^i a procedurilor vamale in tdrile care coopereaza) customs/tariff harmonization ~ strategica {corelarea dintre strategia companiei ^i resursele sale} {man.) strategic fit arta s.f. art ~ a decorarii vitrinelor - window dressing ~ mestesugareasca - handicraft, craftsmanship articol s.n. 1. (de ziur) article 2. {de lege) article, item 3. (comercial) article, commodity; pi. goods, wares ~ contabil - entry, item ~ de export - export ~ de fond - {editorial) leader, leading article ~ de import - import, foreigner ~ de inchidere - {cont.) closing entry ~ de lux- luxury article ~ de ordine - {cont.) suspense entry ~ de virament - {cont.) transfer entry ~ debitor - {cont.) debit entry ~ economic - (in ziar) city article ~ fara cautare - (impiis consumatorului) (SU'A) tie-in ~ foarte cautat - best seller ~ garantat - {ca origine) genuine article ~ impozabil - taxable article ~ patentat - proprietary article ~ recapitulativ - (cont.) compound entry ~ vandut in pierdere - (pentru a atrage clienieia fi a promova alie articole) Joss leade'-

articole casnice - household articles ~ casnice de folosinta indelungata household durables ~ de baza ale exportului - staple exports - de fierarie - ironmongery ~ de larg consum - consumer goods ~ de lana - woollen goods ~ de lemn - woodenware ~ de menaj - small ware ~ de mercerie - haberdashery ~ de moda - fancy goods ~ de papetarie - paper goods ~ de prima/stricta necesitate (living) essentials, necessaries ~ de sezon - seasonal articles desperecheate/dezasortate broken/job lot, oddments ~ diverse sundries ~ exceptionale - {cont.) exceptional items ~ extraordinare - (cont.', extraordinary items ~ returnate - (vdnzdtorului} saSes returns, returns inwards ~ sanitare - sanitary articles ~ semifabricate - semifinished semimanufactured articles eel mai avantajos/competitiv ~ - best buy artizan s.m. artisan, handicraftsman, craftsman artizan al adj. handmade artizanatj-.n. handicraft arunca v.t. {mdrfnn, materiale etc peste hoi-d pentru salvarea navci} {mar.) to jettison, to cast/to throw overboard ariincare ;c,/' {a incarcutiin, ':e:.!.. bord) (mar ) ieUison

40

ARU-ASI

arvuna s.f. advance (money), earnest (money), handsel a da ~ - to bind a bargain arvuni v.t. to give earnest (money) for asambia v.t. to assemble asana v.t. 1. (o miastind) to reclaim; (tin lac, o baltd) to drain 2. (a
imbundtdti, a redresa) to improve; to

normalize 3. (finantele) to reorganize ascundere s.f. (a activelor de cdtre un

falit, a adevdrului de cdtre un asigurat

etc.) concealment asesor^.m. (dr.) assessor asieta s.f. 1. (pozitie a planului de baza al unei nave fata de planul orizontal) trim 2. (baza de calcul a unui impozit) basis ~ de exploatare - (mar.) operating trim ~ de mar - (mar.) running/sailing trim asigura v.t. \. (a da cele necesare) to provide 2. (a garanta) to secure, to ensure; to assure 3. (impotriva) to insure (against); (un rise) to cover; (o proprietate maritimd) to underwrite v.r. (impotriva) to insure oneself (against), to take out an insurance (against) asigurabil adj. insurable asigurare s.f. 1. securing, ensuring;
assurance 2. (impotriva accidentelor, a pierderilor) insurance; (a unui rise) cover; {de viatd) assurance; (maritimd)

underwriting ~ a animalelor - livestock insurance ~ a calitatii - quality assurance ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - insurance of cargo, cargo insurance ~ a cheltuielilor extraordinare disbursement insurance

~ a creditelor - (care ii garanteazd unui creditor cd isi va recupera fondurile in cazul in care debitorul nu isi mat poate indeplini obligatiile de platd) credit insurance ~ a creditelor de export - export credit insurance ~ a depozitului bancar - bank deposit insurance ~ a garantiei - guarantee insurance ~ a marfurilor depozitate -warehouse insurance ~ a navlului - (asig. mar.) freight insurance ~ a raspunderii - liability insurance ~ auto - automobile/motor insurance ~ aviatica aviation insurance ~ casco - hull insurance ~ colectiva - group insurance ~ concurenta - (la mai multi asigurdtori) concurrent insurance ~ cu anuitate annuity insurance ~ cu avarie particulars! - (asig. mar.) insurance with particular average ~ cu echipament si accesorii (asig. mar.) outfit insurance ~ de la depozit la depozit - warehouse to warehouse insurance ~ de marfuri periculoase - hazardous (goods) insurance ~ de persoane impotriva accidentelor si a bolilor - personal accident and sickness insurance ~ de proprietate - property insurance ~ de raspundere civila - third-party insurance, public liability insurance ~ de raspundere personala - personal liability insurance ~ de renta viagera - life annuity insurance ~ de somaj - uneployment insurance

ASI-ASI

41

~ de viata - life assurance/insurance ~ de viata din fonduri salariale - (cu

prime achitate/refinute din salami)

salary savings insurance, payroll deduction insurance ~ dubia - {la doi asigurdtori) double insurance ~ efectuata de o societate comerciala de asigurari - (spre deosebire de o asigurare mutuala) proprietary insurance ~ facultativa - voluntary insurance ~ fara avarie particular^ - (asig. mar.) insurance free from particular
average

~ flotanta - floating/open insurance ~ fluviala - river insurance ~ generala - (impotriva tuturor riscurilor) general insurance ~ globala - (care acoperd un grup de riscuri multiple sau asigurd o proprietate in locuri diferite) blanket insurance; (SUA) package insurance ~ inferioara (subasigurare,
asigurare in care suma asiguratd este mult mai mica decdt valoarea reald a

bunului asigurat) underinsurance ~ impotriva accidentelor accident/casualty insurance ~ impotriva accidentelor de munca workmen's compensation insurance ~ impotriva avariilor - insurance against damages ~ Impotriva furtului - theft/burglary insurance ~ impotriva incendiului - fire insurance ~ impotriva lipsei de onestitate (incheiatd de patronul care se asigurd
impotriva pierderilor cauzate de

necinstea unui angajat) fidelity insurance ~ Impotriva nerespectarii obligatiilor contractuale - fidelity insurance ~ Impotriva pierderii totale insurance against total loss ~ impotriva prejudiciilor aduse unui tert - third-party insurance ~ impotriva riscurilor de razboi insurance against war risks, war risk insurance ~ impotriva riscului de transport transport insurance ~ impotriva riscurilor multiple multiple peril insurance ~ impotriva spargerii - insurance against breakage ~ impotriva tuturor pierderilor sau a avariilor - insurance against all losses or damages ~ impotriva tuturor riscurilor insurance against all risks ~ in bloc - (a mdrfurilor expediate in loturi mid cu diferite mijioace de transport} block insurance ~ maritima - marine/sea insurance ~ mobiliara - movable property insurance ~ mutuala - mutual insurance ~ partiala - partial insurance ~ pe viata - whole life insurance; (SUA) straight life insurance ~ pe voiaj - (asig. mar.) voyage insurance ~ pentru accidente de munca industrial injuries insurance ~ pentru sectorul tehnic - engineering insurance ~ pentru toate riscurile - all-risks insurance

42

ASI-ASO

~ pentru vreme rea - (asig. mar.} weather insurance ~ perfecta impotriva riscurilor (bur., fin.) perfect hedge ~ provizorie provisional insurance suplimentara - additional/ supplementary insurance asigurari de sanatate - medical/health insurance - de stat - state/national insurance - maritime pe caile navigabile interioare - inland marine/transit insurance ~ sociale social/national insurance ~ sociale din fonduri salariale contributory insurance asigurat adj. insured s.m. insured person, insurance carrier integral - fully insured asigurator s.m. insurer; (asig. mar.) underwriter - ;il earicului - cargo underwriter -- casco - {at corpuhd navei} hull underwriter - de navlu - freight underwriter - Lloyd - Lloyd's underwriter - maritini - marine underwriter - principal - leading underwnter asimetrie .;,,/. asymmetry ~ intre nivelurile de dezvoitare economica - [aspect esential cil eco-nomici mondiale conlemporane, conferit de structura elerogend a acesieia, cure este alcutuitd din tdri en niveJuri economice difenie'} asymmetry '1 economic development levels asistent s.m. assistant -- social - welfare/social worker asistenta s.f. 1, {anuor} assistance, aici; tc. i relief ^.

~ economica - economic assistance ~ juridica - legal aid ~ maritima/pe mare - (in caz de pericol) salvage ~ pentru dezvoitare - development assistance ~ sociala - social welfare, welfare work ~ tehnica - technical assistance asocia v.r. (cu) to associate (with), to enter into partnership (with) asocial.?.;. associate; partner ~ activ - active/acting partner - - administrator - managing partner ~ cu numele - quasi-partner ~ in participate - (cu raspundere in limitele capitaliilui subscris) special partner ~ nominal - nominal partner ~ principal - senior partner ~ putin cunoscut - (comanditar, partener care nil ia parte acliva la afaceri) silent/sleeping partner ~ secundar - junior partner ~ unic - sole trader a lua pe cineva ca - to take smb. into partnership asociatie s.f. 1. association; (socielate) society 2. (economica) partnership ~ de asigurare mutuala - mutual insurance association ~ de economii si credite - (SUA) savings and loan association - de intrajutorare - (a muncitorilor) jiroviderit society ~ familiala - family firm nonprofit unicorporated .issociation - patronalii - trade' association prolesionala/necomerciai;'

ASO-ATI

43

~ voluntara - (de detailisti care au convenit sd cumpere de la un singur angrosist, in schimbul unor facilitdti si avantaje) voluntary groups asociere s.f. association; (economica) partnership ~ fara contract - partnership at will asolament s.n. (rotatie a cultiirilor agricole) rotation/alternation/ succession/shift of crops, crop rotation/ succession ~ de cinci ani five-course rotation ~ furajer - fodder rotation asorta v.t. 1. to assort, to sort: to match, to suit, to fit 2. (a aproviziona un magazin cu mdrfuri variate) to assort asortiment s.'n. (corn.) assortment, range, variety ~ de eantionare - variety of patterns ~ in vanzare - sales mix asumare s.f. assumption ~ a riscului (acceptarea riscului chiar si in conditiile in care existd numeroase incertitudini legate de posibilitatea obtinerii mini anumit cdstig ^i de stabilitatea acestuia) risk assumption ~ a riscului de credit - assumption of credit risk asa adv. (cum) as ~ cum este prezentat - (refentor Ju semnarea iinui conosameiit) (nun: i as presented ~ cum se prezinta - (conditie in asigurarea maritimd} tale qiiale a^teptare s.f. 1, waiting 2, (speri.inSe perspective} expectation 3 (rnvel a! eforliilui pe care un. salanat cnn.sici(:'i'ci cd trebuie sa-i depnnu pentrii (.i-fi

mdeplini sarcmile si obiectivele de lucru) {man.) expectancy ~ la descarcare - waiting for discharge ~ la incarcare waiting for loading a^teptari Hexibile - (referitor la valoarea viitoare a unei variahile, estimatd mfunctie de mai multi factori) adaptive expectations ~ rationale (explicarea comportamentului economic al indivizilor sou al companiilor in functie de. optiunea pentru una dintre previziunile realizate) rational expectations ataffats.m. attache ~ cultural - cultural attache ~ comercial - commercial attache ~ militar - military attache atelier s.n. workshop, shop ~ de montaj - assembly shop ~ de reparatii auto motor repair shop ~ mecanic - machine shop ~ mesteugaresc - small plan! operation ~ plutitor - (mar.) repair ship/vessel. workshop ship/vessel, floating facton,"' works atesta r t. to attest, to certify atestat s.n. certificate - de recomandare - testimonial atinge v.t. 1. (un nivel) to reach; (') cifrd, o suma) to run to 2. (un scop} to achie'\ e. to gain, to attain; {a realiza) to achieve - Tn medie - to average ~- pragul de rentabiSitate - to breai< even atin^ere A/.' (a firii^iihii/citr'isni/i /';;'';/?;) (but.) grounding atltudine s.''". attitude

44

ATI-AUT

~ in fata riscului - (felul in care diferite persoane se raporteazd, in procesul ludrii deciziilor, la caracterul probabilist al evenimentelor) risk attitude atomicitate s.f. (caracteristicd esentiald a pietei in cadrul cdreia existd numerosi cumpdrdtori si vdnzdtori, fdrd ca vreunul dintre ei sdfie preponderenf) atomicity atribui v.t. to allot, to assign atribuire s.f. allotment, assigning ~ a actiunilor - allotment of shares atribut^.n. attribute ~ evident/caracteristic - (al unui produs) salient attribute atributie s.f. prerogative, competence; (insdrcinare) task, obligation; (de serviciu) duty, function atributii de serviciu - functions audienta s.f. audience ~ tinta {segment de consumatori vizat de o campanie publicitara) target audience audit s. n. audit ~ al resurselor - (in vederea realizdrii unei strategii economice) (man.) resource audit ~ bancar - banking audit ~ casnic - home audit ~ de marketing - marketing audit ~ detaliat - detailed audit ~ ecologic - environmental audit ~ extern - (efectuat de specialist! din afara institutief) external audit ~ general (la sfdrsitui anului financial general audit ~ intern - (efectuat de specialisti din institutia respectivd) internal audit ~ permanent - continuous audit

~ social - (justificarea costurilor si a beneficiilor impuse societdtii de cdtre mtreprinderf) social audit auditoriu s.n. audience ~ captiv - (obligat sd asculte material publicitar in timpul receptiondrii unor programe de radio si televiziune) captive audience aur s.n. gold ~ afectat.. ./in custodie - gold earmarked ~ monetar/cu titlu legal - standard gold ~ nemonetar - nonstandard gold aurifer adj. auriferous, gold-bearing austeritate s.f. austerity autarhie s.f. autarchy, autarky ~ economica - economic self-sufficiency autentic adj. authentic, genuine; (despre o copie) certified ~ si valabil - (despre cecuri) genuine and valid autenticitate s.f. authenticity, genuineness autentifica v.t. to authenticate, to legalize, to certify; (la notarial) to notarize autoaprindere s.f. (a unor mdrfuri) spontaneous combustion/ignition, auto-ignition autobuz s.n. bus; (pentru curse lungi) coach autocamion s.n. (motor) lorry, (automotive/motor) truck ~ cu remorca - motor lorry and trailer ~ de transportat busteni lungi timber truck autocisterna s.f. tank lorry/truck, road tank car/tanker, bulk lorry

AVT-A^A
autoconsum 5.7!. (consumul de bunuri si servicii finale de cdtre producatorul msusi) self-consumption autoevaluare s.f. (a impunerii; sistem practical in unele tdri prin care contribuabilul isi calculezd singur cuantumul impozitelor) self-assessment autofinantare s.f. self-financing, internal financing autoimpunere s.f. self-taxation automacara s.f. crane tmck, truck crane automat adj. automatic s.n. automatic machine; (pentru vdnzarea de bilete, tigdri, ziare etc.) slot/vending machine automatizare s.f. automation automobil s.n. (motor) car; (SUA) automobile ~ de proba - test car autoritate s.f. authority ~ civila - civil authority ~ delegata - vicarious authority ~ executiva - executive authority ~ fiscala - revenue authority ~ ierarhica - line authority ~ maritima - maritime authority autoritati portuare - harbour/port authorities ~ vamale - customs authorities autoriza v.t. to authorize; (a permite) to allow, to permit; {a imputernici) to empower, to warrant; (a either a o licentd/autorizatie) to licence; (publicarea in presd) to release autorizare s.f. authorization
~ de retragere - {de sume din cont)

45

drawing authorization autorizatie s.f. authorization, permit; licence ~ de brevet - patent licence ~ de export - export licence

~ de import - import licence ~ de reimport cu scutire de taxe vamale (a mdrfurilor care au fost exportate din Marea Britanie cu mai putin de cinci ani inainte de data reimportului) bill of store ~ de retragere - (de sume din cont) drawing authorization ~ de vanzare - selling licence ~ scrisa - authorization in writing ~ vamala pentru provizii de bord -(mar.) victualling bill autoservire s.f. 1. self-service 2. (magazin) self-service store autostrada s.f. motorway, expressway autotransport s.n. truck haul(ing) autotren s.n. truck/motor lorry and trailer, trailer truck autoturism s.n. touring car, (motor) car, tourer autoutilitara s.f. utility car/vehicle autovehicul s.n. motor vehicle, power-driven vehicle aval s.n. (garantie speciald de platd a unei cambii) bill guarantee, surety for a bill of exchange avalist s.m. (eel care garanteazd plata unei cambii prin aval) referee in case of need, guarantor avaliza v.t. (a gira o cambje) to guarantee, to warrant avanport s.n. outer harbour/port, outside port avans s.n. advance (money), earnest (money), handsel; (acordat unei mtreprinderi care produce pentru stat sou pentru derularea unor servicii publice) imprest ~ de contributie la avaria comuna -(asig. mar.) general average deposit

46

AVA-AVA

'- de tmprumut maritim - advance on bottomry ~ din navlu - (mar.) freight advance ~ in contui marfurilor - advance against goods ~ in contui platii - account of payment ~ in numerar - cash advance avansa v.t. 1. (pe cinevd) to promote 2. (bani) to advance; to pay in advance, to make an advance payment v.i. (in junctie) to advance, to be promoted avantaj s.n. 1. advantage 2. pi. (acordate angajatilor in afara salariului) amenities ~ absolut - (detinut de o tara sail o regiune in raport cu altele datorita resurselor naturale, fortei de mimed etc., fapt care determina scdderea costurilor de productie) absolute advantage ~ comparativ (principiu care considerd cd o tara sail o regiune ar trebui sd se specializeze in productia si exportui acelor bunuri pentru care eficienta este relativ crescutd, in comparatie cu alte bunuri si servicii) comparative advantage ~ competitiv - (ideea conform cdreia punctele forte si slabe ale unei societdti se pot determina mimai prin comparatie cu concurenta) competitive advantage avantaj e si dezavantaje - assets and drawbacks avantaj os adj. advantageous, favourable; profitable, beneficial avaria v.t. to damage avariat adj. damaged ~ de conditii atmosferice nefavorabile - (despre mdrfuri) weather-beaten

avarie s.f. 1. damage; (asig. mar.) average 2. (defectiune) breakdown, failure ~ (a marfii) prin contaminare damage by contamination ~ accidentals - accidental damage ~ anticipata/probabila - anticipatory damage ~ ascunsa/neobservata - (asig. mar.} hidden damage ~ comuna - {asig. mar.') general/gross average ~ comuna in strainatate - (asig. mar.) foreign general average ~ comuna $i salvare - (asig. mar.) general average and salvage ~ de abordaj - (asig. mar.) collision damage ~ de euare - (asig. mar.) damage through grounding/stranding ~ de manipulare - damage by handling ~ evaluabila - assessable damage evaluata cu subiectivitate -sentimental damage ~ grava - heavy damage ~ inerenta (datorita naturii marfurilor sail viciilor proprii acestora) natural damage ~ in sarcina damage chargeable to ~ la descarcare discharging damage ~ particulars - (asig. mar.) particular average ~ produsa - damage done/incurred ~ produsa de apa marii - wash damage ~ produsa de deplasarea incarcaturii shifting damage ~ produsa de frecare - chafing damage ~ produsa de sudatie - sweat damage

AVA-AV1

47

produsa de valuri - wave damage, damage through stress of waves ~ usoara slight damage ~ vizibila - (asig. mar.) apparent damage avarii acceptate si evaluate - (asig. mar.) agreed and liquidated damages avants.n. (economic) boom avea v.t. to have; (a posedd) to possess ~ avantajul intr-o tranzactie/afacere - to get the best of the bargain ~ cautare - to be in request/demand, to go off/through ~ cent debitor - to be in the red ~ cont deschis la banca - to bank at/with ~ drept de optiune - to have the first refusal ~ legatura cu - to have a connection/ relation to avere s.f. fortune, wealth ~ imobiliara immovable property, immovables, chattels real, reality ~ mobiliara - movable property, movables, chattels (personal), personalty ~ mobiliara si imobiliara - movable and immovable property ~ sub tutela - trust fund a face ~ - to make fortune avers s.n. (al unei monede) obverse aversiune s.f. aversion ~ fata de rise - (a investitorilor) risk aversion ~ fata de riscul absolut - (sumd de bani la care tin investitor poate renunta ca alternativd la o investitie cu rise ridicaf) absolute risk aversion aviatie s.f. aviation ~ civila - civil aviation avicultor s.m. poultry farmer/breeder

avicultura s.f. poultry farming avion s.n. (air)plane, aircraft ~ charter - charter plane ~ de linie/curse regulate - airliner ~ de pasageri - passenger aircraft; (de mari dimensiuni) airbus ~ de transport - commercial/transport aircraft, air carrier aviz s.n. 1. note, notice, advice: notification 2. (sfat) advice; (pdrere) opinion ~ competent - expert advice/opinion ~ de angajament - (de spatiu pe nava) (mar.) (freight) booking note ~ de angajament in conditii de linie (mar.) berth note ~ de atribuire a actiunilor - letter of allotment, allotment letter ~ de concediere - notice of dismissal ~ de confirmare - (expediat titularului unui cont sail al unui depozit de titluri. acesta returndndu-l semnat bdncii sale pentru a confirma exactitatea unui extras) reconciliation statement; confirmation slip ~ de convocare - (a actionarilor} notice of meeting ~ de credit (care indicd faptui cd in creditui unui cont a fost fdcutd o inregistrare) credit advice ~ de debit - (care indicd faptui cd in debitiil unui cont a fost fdcutd o inregistrare) debit advice ~ de dispensa - (notd a unuia dintre titularii unui cont comun prin care renunta la dreptui de a primi extras de cont separaf) notice of dispensation ~ de expediere/expeditie - advice of dispatch, forwarding agent's notice; (mar.) advice of shipment, shipping advice

48

AVI-AZI

~ de expeditie pe mare - sailing advice ~ de incasare - collection advice ~ de incarcare si expeditie - (mar.) shipping note ~ de incetare a platilor - notice to suspend payments ~ de livrare - delivery advice ~ de nava ,,gata de operare" acceptat - (mar.) accepted notice of readiness ~ de neonorare - (a unei cambii) notice of dishonour ~ de plata - demand note ~ de primire - notice of receipt ~ de retragere de fbnduri withdrawal notice ~ de sosire a marfii pe calea ferata railway advice aviza v.t. to advise; to give smb. notice; (a instiinta) to inform, to notify; (a avertizd) to warn avizare s.f. advice; notice, notification ~ a interesului asigurat - (asig.) notice of interest declared ~ a tncasarii - advice of collection ~ a plecarii - (navei) (mar.) sailing notice ~ a scadentei - notice to pay ~ a sosirii - (navei, a mdrfurilor) arrival notice ~ de nava ,,gata de operare" - (mar.) notice of readiness ~ de nava ,,la rand" - (mar.) stem note avizier s.n. notice/poster board, billboard avocat s.m. lawyer, advocate, attorney (-at-law); (in instantele superioare)

barrister; (in instantele inferioare) solicitor; (care pregdteste actele in vederea unui transfer de proprietate) conveyancer ~ cu drept de acces la o anumita instanta - attorney special ~ cu drept de acces la toate instantele attomey-at-large a consulta un ~ - to take legal advice avocatura s.f. legal/lawyer's profession, bar avut adj. rich, wealthy, well-off, able in estate; (despre close) propertied, proprietary s. n. wealth; property ~ public - public wealth/property avutie s.f. wealth ~ nationala - national wealth axa s.f. axis ~ temporala - (instrument de analizd monetard prin care se abordeazd evenimentele dintr-o anumita conjuncture financiara) time line axioma s.f. assumption ~ a preferintelor revelate - (funda-mentui unei teorii a cererii care se bazeazd numai pe fenomene obser-vabile si mdsurabile) revealed preferences assumption axiomele preferintelor consuma-torului - (in teoria subiectivd a consumatorului individual, ipoteze ale analizei comportamentului consumatorului si ale testdrii caracterului rational al acestui comportament) consumer's preferences assumptions azil s.n. asylum; (pentru bdtrdni, sdraci) almshouse

B
baci s.n. tip, gratuity, baksheesh, douceur a da cuiva un ~ - to give smb. a gratuity, to give smb. smth. for himself, to tip smb. bagaj s.n. luggage; baggage bal s.n. (balot de marfa) bale, (load) pack ~ cu invelis - wrapped bale ~ de bumbac - cotton bale balansa v.t. (un cont) to balance, to even up balanta s.f. 1. (cdntar) balance, (pair of) scales, weighing machine 2. (cont., fin.) balance ~ a concesiilor - balance of concessions ~ comerciala - balance of trade, trade balance ~ comerciala activa/excedentara active/favourable balance of trade ~ comerciala pasiva/deficitara passive/adverse/unfavourable balance of trade ~ de lichiditati - (situatie comparativd a incasdrilor bdnesti si a platilor exigibile la un moment daf) balance of liquidity ~ de plati - balance of payments ~ de plati activa/excedentara active/favourable balance of payments ~ de plati pasiva/deficitara passive/adverse/unfavourable balance of trade ~ de verificare - (cont.) trial balance ~ financiara - financial balance ~ globala (suma tuturor tranzactiilor autonome sau oficiale finantate cu sau fdrd folosirea rezervelor) overall balance ~ invizibila - (a serviciilor) invisible balance ~ materiala/economica - (tablou statistico-economic prin care se evalueazd resursele necesare producerii de bunuri) material/economic balance ~ patrimoniala - (situatia financiara. a unei firme la un anumit moment) patrimonial/assets balance ~ romana - steelyard, Roman balance ~ vizibila (a exporturilor i a importurilor vizibile/de mdrfuri) visible balance ~ zecimala - decimal weighing machine balast s.n. ballast; (c.f.) metal ballast; gravel sand bed; (mar.) (shingle) ballast, lastage ~ la plecare - (mar.) departure ballast balasta v.t. to ballast baleniera s.f. whaleboat balot s.n. bale, ballot, pack, package ~ de bumbac - cotton bale ~ de marfa - bale, ballot, load pack balotaj s.n. tie vote, ballotage ban s.m. 1. (monedd) coin 2. pi. money bani activi - (aflati efectiv in circulatie) active money ~ de buzunar/cheltuiala - pocket/pin/ spend money ~ de contiinta - (sumd trimisd anonim de cineva pentru plata unor

50

BAN-BAN

impozite de la care initial s-a eschivat) conscience money ~ de cosnita - housekeeping money ~ de hartie - paper money ~ de plastic - {mijioc de platd prin cartea de credit) plastic money ~ efectivi - real money ~ expediati - remittance ~ faisi - false/counterfeit/phoney money ~ fierbinti - (capital atras din strdindtate de dobdnzi ridicate sail de un climat politic sigur) hot money ~ flotanti - (delimit! de bancheri i care nu pot fi investiti din cauza lipsei oportunitdtilor de afaceri i a situatiei generate de o lichiditate excesivd decdt in depozite la banca centrala) floating money ~ imprumutati pentru o zi - (credit zilnic acordat de band caselor de compensate) day-to-day money ~ in casa - (numerar intrat in casierie) cash-in, cash-in-hand ~ lichizi - cash, ready money ~ marunti - change, small change/coin/money, loose cash/change/ money ~ metalici hard money ~ murdari - (proveniti din afaceri ilegale) dirty cash, black money ~ neinvestiti - dead/idle money ~ plasati de investitori cu experienta - smart money ~ potriviti - change ~ provizorii (cambii si bonnri de tezaur) temporary money ~ publici - public funds ~ reprezentativi - (hdrtie-monedd cu acoperire totald in metale pretioase) representative money

~ riscati - (intr-o afacere) stake ~ scripturali/de cont - checkable money ~ scumpi - (acordati cu dobdnzi foarte mart) tight money, money squeeze a da ~ cu dobanda - to lend (out) money at/on interest a strange ~ - to hoard up money a-si valorifica - to get value for one's money bancar adj. banking, bank... banca s.f. bank ~ - agent - (desemnata de un consortiu bancar so. administreze un impriimnt sindicalizaf) agent bank ~ agricola - agricultural bank; land bank ~ beneficiara - (a unui transfer de fonduri) receiving bank ~ centrala/nationala - central/national bank, bankers'/parent bank ~ comerciala - bank of commerce, commercial/trade/trading/merchant bank ~ - corespondent - (relatia permanentd a unei band pe altd piatd financiard unde ea nu dispune de o reprezentantd proprie) correspondent bank ~ de cliring - clearing bank ~ de concentrare - (a fondurilor din alte band) concentration bank ~ de consortiu - consortium bank ~ de credit - credit bank ~ de date - data bank ~ de depuneri - bank of deposit, deposit bank ~ de economii - savings bank; (in Marea Britanie, band care acceptd depuneri mid) penny bank ~ de economii si societate de constructii - (institutu financiare,

BAN-BAR

similare bdncilor, care acordd credits pentru populatie In vederea construirii si a cumpdrdrii de case) building society/and loan association ~ de emisiune - bank of issue, note issuing bank ~ de investitii - investment bank ~ de scont discount bank ~ de stat - state bank ~ de virament - transfer bank ~ ipotecara mortgage bank ~ membra - (a Casei de Compensate din Londra sail, in SUA, a Sistemului Rezervelor Federate) member bank ~ mutuala de economii - (SUA) mutual savings bank ~ negociatoare - (bancd ce crediteaza exportatorul cu volumul creditului documentor dupd verificarea doctimentelor) negotiating bank ~ nemembra - (a Sistemului Rezervelor Federate) (SUA) nonmember bank ~ ordonatoare - instructing bank ~ regionala district/local bank ~ secundara - (societate de credit care finanteazd achizitionarea de bunuri cu plata in rate) secondary bank ~ sigura/de incredere - reliable bank ~ specializata in girarea succe-siunilor - trust bank ~ universala (care efectueazd toatd gama de operatii si servicii) all--purpose/full-service bank banci mari - (care acordd impru-muturi comerciale si industriale) whole banks ~ pentru activitati cu amanuntui -(care acordd credite persoanelor fizice sifirmelor mid) retail banks bancher .s-.w. banker; financier

bancnota s.f. bank note, note; paper currency; (SUA) bill; soft money ~ falsa forged/counterfeit bank note bancnote marcate - (pentru orga-nizarea unui flagrant) marked notes bancomat s.n. automatic teller machine, cash dispenser; (SUA) cashomat bancruta s.f. bankruptcy ~ frauduloasa fraudulent/embezzled bankruptcy banderola s.f. (care atestd plata taxei de timbru) revenue stamp banita s.f. (unitate de capacitate) bushel bara v.t. (un cec) to cross barare s.f. (a unui cec) crossing ~ generala - general crossing ~ speciala special crossing baraterie s.f. (acte sdvarsite de coman-dant sau echipaj, care dduneazd navei sail caricului acesteia) (asig. mar.) barratry bariera s.f. barrier; (c.f.) railway gate, railwaycrossing barrier; (unde se incaseazd taxele de trecere pe sosele, poduri etc.) toll bar/gate; (la intrarea pe aiitostrdzile cu taxd) turnpike bariere comerciale - barriers to trade ~ de iesire (a unei firme de pe o piatd, dacd se are in vedere necesitatea recuperdrii costurilor de intrare) barriers to exit, exit barriers ~ de intrare - (a unei firme pe o piatd) barriers to entry, entrance barriers ~ netarifare - nontariff barriers ~ vamale custom/hostile tariffs baril s.m. (unitate de capacitate) barrel barja s.f. barge ~ - container - floating barge container

52

BAR-BEN

barometru s.n. barometer ~ al pietei - barometer of the market barter s.n. (co/n.) barter bate v.t. (moneda) to mint, to coin, to emboss, to strike, to stamp batere s.f. (de moneda) mintage, coinage bazar s.n. baza(a)r ~ de binefacere - baza(a)r ~ de solduri -jumble sale baza s.f. base; basis ~ a profitului - (folositd la calcularea impozitului) earnings basis ~ aeriana - air base ~ de active - asset base ~ de aprovizionare - supply base ~ de impunere - basis of assessment/ taxation, tax assessment/base ~ de productie - production basis ~ militara - military base ~ monetara - (termen utilizat pentru a desemna depozitele la vedere, existente in medie mtr-o perioadd de timp, pentru a desemna cantitatea de numerar intrat in sistemul bancar; agregat monetar care include activele monetare lichide, precum rezervele bdncilor comerciale, numerarul in circulate si in casieriile bdncilor comerciale, activele care pot fi utilizate instantaneu pentru efectuarea pidtilor) monetary base ~ navala - naval base ~ sportiva - sports base/grounds ~ tehnico-materiala - technical and material resources/supplies bazin^.n. basin ~ carbonifer - coal basin/field ~ de manevra - (mar.) manoeuvring basin ~ de marfuri in vrac - (mar.'\ bulk handling cargo dock

~ de radub - (mar.) dry dock ~ pentru petroliere - oil dock ~ portuar - dock (basin), harbour, harbour/port basin, harbo(u)rage ~ portuar comercial - commercial dock ~ portuar cu maree - (cu porti care mentin acelasi nivel al apei) wet dock ~ portuar de export - export dock ~ portuar deschis - (fdrd ecluzd sau poartd de maree) open basin/dock ~ portuar interior - inner dock bacan s.m. grocer; provision dealer/ merchant bacanie s.f. 1. (magazin) grocer's (shop), grocery 2. (meserie) grocery trade banesc adj. money..., pecuniary banos adj. paying, yielding money, moneymaking; remunerative, profitable, lucrative bel$ug s.n. plenty, abundance; (bogdtie) wealth, opulence din ~ - in abundance, plentifully beneficia v.i. (de pe urma) to derive advantage (from), to turn smth. to account; to profit (by), to derive profit (from), to benefit (by) beneficiar s.m. 1. beneficiary; (utilizatorul unui produs finit) (end-) -user 2. (al unei plati, al unui efect de comert) payee ~ al unei anuitati - (asig.) annuitant ~ al unui drept de retentie - lien holder ~ alternativ - (al unei cambii, al unui cec) alternative payee ~ de venituri - income beneficiary ~ eventual (persoana sau persoanele desemnate sd incaseze prima de deces in cazul in care beneficiarul principal

BER-BIL

53

moare inaintea asiguratului) {asig.) contingent beneficiary ~ fictiv - (al uneipldti) fictitious payee ~ impersonal/nespecificat - (formula pe un cec) impersonal payee ~ in indiviziune {dr.) joint beneficiary beneficiu s.n. 1. (profit) profit, gain, benefit, proceeds, revenues, earnings, return 2. (dr.) benefit, privilege ~ aleatoriu - contingent profit ~ brut - gross profit ~ contabil (plusvaloare obtinutd prin revalorizarea unor posturi de activ sail prin deprecierea unor posturi de pasiv) book profit ~ in natura - (pbtinut de un angajat in afara salariului) benefit in kind ~ public public benefit ~ suplimentar/nedistribuit - surplus earnings beneflcii considerabile - considerable/ hefty profits ~ de exploatare - operating profits ~ de pensionare - retirement benefits ~ descrescande - diminishing profits ~ reduse - scanty profits ~ scontate - profit expectations ~ scontate fara rezerve unconditional expected profits a participa la ~ - to share in the profits a realiza un beneficiu - to make a profit a se solda cu ~ - to come out of the red benzina s.f. petrol; (SUA) gas(oline), gasolene ~ cu cifra octanica inalta/ridicata -highoctane petrol/gasoline ~ grea - heavy naphtha ~ usoara - light naphtha

beton s.n. concrete ~ armat - reinforced/steel concrete ~ de ciment - cement concrete precomprimat pre-stressed concrete ~ prefabricat - built-up concrete ~ torcretat - gunite, shot crete betona v.t. to (build with) concrete bianual adj. biannual, semiannual bilant s.n. 1. (contabil) balance sheet 2. (raport) report, statement ~ consolidat - {bilantui unui grup, intocmit prin unificarea bilanturilor tuturor filialelor componente) consolidated balance sheet ~ de ansamblu - general balance sheet ~ de lichidare - (al unei societdti in lichidare sau al unui debitor falit) statement of affairs ~ intermediar - (bilant intocmit la o data care nil corespunde cu finalul exercitiului financiar al societdtii) interim statement ~ pasiv/deficitar - passive balance ~ social - (raport care prezintd cheitu-ielile unei intreprinderi si prestatiile sale in functie de mediul social) social report a face bilantui - to draw up/to strike the balance of; {cu sens figuraf) to survey, to review, to sum up bilateral adj. bilateral bilateralism s.n. (corn.) bilateralism bilet s.n. {la teatru) (admission) ticket, theatre ticket; (pentru un mijioc de transport in comun) fare; {c.f.) (railway) ticket; {de loterie) (lottery) ticket ~ cu pret redus - {c.f.) cheap ticket ~ cu pret redus 50% - {c.f.) half-fare ticket

54

B1L-BOG

~ de banca - bank note, paper money ~ de banca falsificat - dud note ~ de credit - (notificare prin care clientnl este instiintat de cdtre un furnizor cd acesta i-a creditat contui, specificdndu-se si suma respectivd) credit memorandum/note ~ de excursie/in circuit - tourist ticket ~ de peron - platform ticket ~ de week-end (valabil numai in aceastd perioada) (c.f.) weekend ticket ~ direct - (c.f.) through ticket ~ dus-intors - return ticket ~ in circuit - circular/round-trip ticket ~ intreg - full-fare ticket ~ la ordin - promissory note, note of hand ~ la ordin de garantie colaterala {prin care se ipotecheazd o anumitd garantie in contui unui imprumut) collateral note ~ la ordin platibil la cerere - demand note ~ la ordin simplu/cu un singur nume - {eel al personnel care se vnprumutd) one-name paper ~ simplu/de dus - (c.f.) single ticket ~ valabil/de corespondenta - {c.f.} transfer ticket bilunar adj. bimonthly, semimonthly, fortnightly bimetalism s.n. (fin.) bimetallism, double standard biodegradabil adj. biodegradable bioeconomie s.f. bioeconomics biotehnologie s.f. biotechnology birocrat s.m. bureaucrat, red tapist birocratic adj. bureaucratic biroeratie s.f. bureaucracy, red ta p e/tapc ry/tap i s m birfctica A'/.' office automation

birou s.n. office; (departament) bureau ~ de informatii - inquiry office, information bureau/office ~ de ipoteci - mortgage registry ~ de mesagerie - receiving house/ office, parcel office de plasare - employment/ unemployment exchange ~ de plati pay/paying office ~ de schimb valutar exchange office ~ de antier - site/job office ~ de verificare a solvabilitatii - (unui client sau a uneifirme) credit bureau ~ de voiaj - travel bureau ~ vamal - customs office blancheta s.f. (blank) form a completa o ~ - to fill up a form bloc s.n. 1. block 2. (casa) apartment house, block (of flats) 3. (economic, politic} bloc; coalition ~ de agregat - unit ~ de locuinte - residential building bloca v./. to block; (conturi, credite) to block, to freeze; (un capital intr-o investitie nerentabild etc.) to lock away/up blocada s.f. blockade ~ economica - economic blockade ~ militara - military blockade bloca j s.n. block ~ Hnanciar - illiquidity blocare .s'./ block, freeze ~ a contului - account's obstruction " a creditelor - credit squeeze blocat adj. (despre conturi, credite) blocked, frozen boala s.f. illness; (de dwatu) disease profesionala - industrial/ occupational/trade disease bogat adj. \. nch; (cu hani) moneyed; (avtit) wcaithv, well-off/'-to-do: able iii

BOG-BRA

55

estate; (despre close) proprietary 2. (abundenf) abundant, plentiful, heavy s.m. rich man; pi. (bogatii) the rich (people), the wealthy/moneyed classes, the well-to-do, the upper crust a deveni ~ - to become rich, to make money bogatie s.f. 1. riches; {avere) wealth. means 2. (abundenta) abundance. profusion ~ nationals - national wealth bogatii naturale - natural wealth boicots.n. boycott boicota v.t. to boycott; (a ordona tuturor membrilor umii sindicat sd boicoteze produscle iinei mtreprinderi ai caret muncitori suiit in grevd) to black boicotare s.f. boycotting bol$evism s.n. bolshevism bon s.n. bill, order, voucher, ticket; (tie cartela) coupon; (atasat unui titlii de valoare la purtdtor) coupon; (chitantd) receipt ~ de casa - cash voucher ~ de ieire - (din magazie) issue voucher ~ de livrare - delivery order, bill of delivery, freight release ~ de masa - (oferit salariatilor de firma imde lucreaza) luncheon voucher ~ de tezaur - (titlu de stat, instrument financiar emis de autoritatea fiscald pentru fmantarea temporard a deficitului bugetar) Treasury bill ~valoric- scrip bonifica v.t. to make up/good bonificatie s.j'. [corn.) allowance. reduction; rebate, discount, bonus ~ comerciala - trade discount ~ la cantitate - vuiuinc discount

~ la pretui convenit - reduction on the agreed price ~ pentru plata in numerar - cash discount ~ suplimentara/speciala - extra allowance/discount bonitate s.f. creditworthiness, financial reliability bonus s.n. bonus bord s.n. (ai navei) board ~ la bord - (mod de acoslare) (mar.} alongside, side by side, chine to chine ~ liber (intre linia de incdrcure si linia puntii) (mar.) freeboard ~ liber pentru caric de cherestea -(mar.) timber freeboard borderou s.n. bordereau, (detailed) memorandum, memorandum of contents, docket, list, note; (corn.) schedule; (la receptia marfurilor) tally sheet; (de cumpdrare sail vdnzare de acfiuni) contract note ~ al agentului de incarcare - (mar.) broker's return ~ al brokerului - (bur.) broker's contract note - de cecuri - check list ~ de cheltuieli - note of expenses ~ de decontari - settlement check ~ de expeditie - waybill ~ de plata a salariilor wages docket ~- de preturi - (corn.) schedule of prices ~ de schimb valutar - exchange contract ~ de vanzare - sale note/sheet bovine s.f. pi. bovmes, (horned) cattle bransa s.f. branch, line; (doineniu} domain, sphere, area (of activity1 '- de ataceri - ime of business

56

BRA-BUG

brat s.n. (unitate de mdsurd pentru lungime) (mar.) fathom breasia s.f. guild, corporation; craft brevet s.n. patent, certificate, licence ~ de capitan de cursa lunga master's certificate/licence ~ de inventie - (letters) patent ~ de pilot - pilot's licence ~ neutilizat - (brevet al unui produs care nu este introdus in circuitui comercial) sleeping patent a cere un ~ - to apply for a patent a exploata un ~ - to work a patent a i se acorda un ~ - to be issued a patent a obtine un ~ - to take out a patent breveta v.t. (pe cinevd) to grant a patent/certificate to; (o inventie) to (protect by) patent brevetare s.f. patenting ~ preemptiva/de blocare - (brevetarea unui produs sau a until proces tehnologic cu scopul de a-l face inaccesibil concurentei) preemptive patenting brevetat adj. patented, appointed by letters patent; (despre produse) proprietary brigadier s.m. (sef de brigadd) brigade/team leader; (membra al unei brigdzi) brigade member ~ silvic - forester, forest keeper/ranger broker s.m. broker ~ cu atributii complete - full-service broker ~ cu titlu neoficial - (care define actiuni inregistrate pe numele sdu, si nu pe eel al clientului, cu scopul de a usura tranzactia si ca garantie cd
aceasta se va realiza in limitele finan-

ciare prestabilite) street name

~ de asigurari - insurance broker; (membru al unei asociatii profesionale) incorporated broker ~ de navlosire - (mar.) freight broker ~ la bursa de marfuri - commodity broker ~ maritim - shipbroker ~ neoficial - curb/outside broker, kerb(-stone) broker, outsider ~ oficial/autorizat - sworn broker brokeraj s.n. brokerage, courtage ~ maritim - ship brokerage brosura s.f. booklet, prospectus, leaflet brut adj. 1. (neprelucrat) crude, raw; unmanufactured, unfinished 2. (despre profit) gross bucata s.f. piece, bit; (parte) part, portion; (fragment) fragment buget-y.n. budget ~ de austeritate - austerity budget ~ de capital - capital budget ~ de familie - family budget ~ de marketing - marketing budget ~ de numerar/trezorerie - (care prezintd fluxurile de numerar) cash budget/forecast ~ de productie - production budget ~ de publicitate - advertising budget ~ de stat - state/national budget ~ de venituri i cheltuieli - incomes and expenditure budget ~ deficitar - adverse budget ~ echilibrat - balanced budget ~ flexibil - flexible budget ~ general consolidat - consolidated general budget ~ interimar - interim budget ~ local - local budget ~ preliminar - preliminary budget ~ promotional - (pentru publicitatea unui produs) promotional budget

BUG-BUN

57

~ variabil - variable budget a prezenta bugetui - to introduce the budget, to bring in the estimates a vota ~ - to pass the budget bugetar adj. budgetary billeting./!, bulletin ~ bursier/de bursa - (cu date despre cursurile zilnice, volumul tranzactiilor etc.) exchange bulletin/list, printed exchanges, list of quotations, market report ~ de comanda - (cow.) order form ~ de expeditie - dispatch note ~ de stiri - news bulletin ~ de vot - voting paper, ballot ~ meteorologic - weather forecast/ report ~ zilnic al miscarii navelor si a marfurilor - customs bill of entry bumbac-y.n. cotton ~ brut - (neprelucrat) raw cotton ~ in bale/baloturi - cotton bale ~ - vata cotton wool bun adj. good s.n. 1. (avere) property, fortune; estate 2. pi. (mobile) goods ~ abandonat - (in special nova) derelict ~ alienabil - alienable property ~ inalienabil - unalienable property ~ salvat - (mar.) salvage ~ transmisibil transferable property bunuri ale echipajului scutite de navlu - (mar.) seaman's free cargo ~ aruncate in mare (care plutesc) flo(a)tsam; (care s-au scufundat) jettison, jetsam; (scufundate fi balizate in vederea recuperdrii) lagan, ligan ~ complementare - (produse a cdror utilizare nu este posibild dacd nil se consumd impreund cu ele unul sau mai multe bunuri) complementary goods

~ corporale - (dr.) corporeal property ~ de capital - (active fixe, bunuri folosite in procesul de productie si care au durata de viatd de eel putin un an) capital goods ~ de consum - consumer/consumption goods ~ de consum cu circulatie rapida -fastmoving consumer goods ~ de folosinta imediata - consumer nondurables ~ de folosinta indelungata/durabile consumer durables ~ de investitie/productie/instrumen-tale (bunuri care participd la producerea altor bunuri economice) production goods ~ economice - economic goods ~ finale - final goods ~ fungibile - (bunurile la care orice spetd reproduce toate caracteristicile genului) fungible goods ~ imobile/imobiliare - (dr.) chattels real, real estate, immovable/fixed property; (proprietate funciard) landed property ~ incorporale - (dr.) intangible property ~ indivize - (dr.) indivisum estate ~ intermediare - (supuse unor transformdri, dar care se afid in diferite etape ale ciclidui de productie) intermediary goods ~ libere - (asa-numitele ,,daruri ale naturii", cele care nu ridicd probleme de disponibilitate sau proprietate preciim aerul, cdldura cosmicd etc.) free goods ~ marfare - commodity goods ~ materiale - (dr.) tangible property

58

BUN-BUT

~ mobile/mobiliare - (dr.) chattels personal, personal property/effects, movables, goods and chattels ~ nefungibile - (bunurile la care spetele pdstreazd caracteristicile defimtorii ale genului, msa fiecare prezintd nnele trasafuri individualizante) nonfungible goods ~ prezente - (dr.} actual assets ~ primare - (obtinnte din mediul natural prin exploatarea resurselor natiirale) primary goods ~ private - private goods ~ publice - public goods ~ substituibile - substitute goods ~ vacante - (dr.) ownerless property ~ viitoare - (dr.) future estate bunastare s.f. well-being, welfare, prosperity ~ colectiva - collective welfare ~ economica - economic welfare ~ nationals - public welfare bursa s.f. 1. (^colara, universitard) scholarship (grant), bursary, bursarship 2. (piatd publicd organizatu) exchange ~ a muncii - labour exchange ~ calma (cu interes scdzut pentm tranzactii) quiet market

~ de cereale - corn/grain exchange ~ de grau - (SUA) wheat pit ~ de marfuri - commodity/mercantile/ produce exchange ~ de metale - metal exchange ~ de optiuni - (specializatd m tranzactionarea de optiuni yi contracte financiare futures) options exchange ~ de produse agricole - produce exchange ~ de valori - stock exchange/market ~ in cre^tere/urcare - bull market ~ in scadere - bear market ~ maritima - shipping exchange ~ neoficiala - kerb(-stone) market, street market ~ oficiala - organized exchange ~ valutara - foreign currency exchange a specula la-stock exchange bu$el s.m. (imitate bushel butic .s'./;, boutique to speculate on the de hutoi s.n. cask: (mic) barrel, kilderkin, keg; capacitate} (mare} butt, hogshead, tun; (hac) vat; (inetalic) drum

C
cabina s.f. box, cabin; (de vapor) cabin, berth, stateroom; (de vagon de dormit) berth ~ telefonica - call box, telephone booth cabotaj s.n. (mar.) cabotage, coast navigation, coastal shipping/trade/ traffic/transportation, coasting/home trade, coastwise shipping/trade, inshore trade,short haul ~ extern - foreign trade ~ intern - inland trade ~ national (intre porturile aceluiasi stat, aflate in man diferite) great coasting trade, home trade cabotier s.n. (mar.) coaster, coastwise ship/vessel, short-haul vessel, coast trade ship/vessel, coastal/coasting ship/vessel cadastra v.t. to make the cadastre of; to survey and value cadastral adj. cadastral cadastre, cadastral registry, real estate re nster) cadastru s.n. cadou s.n. present, gift .survey; land ~ publicitar - advertising gift cadre s.n. pi. staff, personnel ~ de conducere - managing staff caiet s.n. (writing) book ~ de mostre - pattern book ~ de sarcini - specification conditions, articles and conditions; (note de livrare) terms of supply; (conditii tehnice/de exp lou fare) technical conditions, job specifications cal s.m. horse ~ -putere - horse power calamitate s.f. calamity, disaster ~ naturala - natural calamity; (lermeii contractual de navlosire si conosament) (mar.} act of God calcul s.n. calculation, computation, reckoning; calculus ~ actuarial - actuarial calculation ~ al pretului de cost - costing ~ al pretului de cost al procesului de fabricatie - process costing ~ al pretului de cost pe loturi - batch costing ~ al pretului de cost pe unitate de produs - unit costing ~ aproximativ - rough estimate ~ economic rational - rational economics calculation ~ pe cap de locuitor - capitation ~ si plata la casa - (intr-un magazin i checkout ~ uniform al pretului de cost uniform costing calcula v.t. to calculate, to compute, to reckon ~ gresit - to miscalculate - media - to average calculare s.f. calculation, computauon reckoning ~ a bugetului pe baza zero (inei0i.h, de alcatuire a bu^eiului, cure pi^nc . de la premisa iinui buvet inexisteiit .;.; annl precedent) zero-based hudgctiMy~ a impozitului - tax assessment ~ a tarei - taring ~ a tonajuiui - tonnage/vuinri.. calciiiatitin

CAM-CAM

61

~ externa - (platibild in strdindtate) foreign bill; (SUA) external bill ~ Herbinte - (cu scadenta apropiata) hot bill ~ interna - (platibild in tara unde a fost emisd) domestic/inland/home bill ~ in alb - blank bill ~ inlocuita - (cu alte cambii) retired bill ~ intr-un singur exemplar - sola (of exchange) ~ la cerere - demand bill ~ la termen - period/time bill ~ la termen conform uzantei - usance bill ~ la vedere - sight bill ~ onorata - discharged bill ~ pe baza de documente contra acceptare - documents-against-acceptance bill ~ pe baza de documente contra plata - documents-against-payment bill ~ pe termen lung - long (-dated) bill ~ pe termen scurt - short (-dated) bill ~ retrasa (inainte de scadenta) retired bill ~ trasa in devize - currency bill cambii de incasat - bills receivable/for collection ~ de platit - bills payable ~ in mai multe exemplare - bills in a
set

~ de comert $i industrie - chamber of commerce and industry ~ de navigatie - chamber of shipping ~ de valori/tezaur - (intr-o banca) (safety) vault, strongroom ~ frigorifica - cold/refrigerating chamber camere cu chirie/de inchiriat lodgings camion s.n. lorry; (SUA) truck; (de
mobila) van

~ pentru scontare - bills for discount al doilea exemplar al cambiei second via/of exchange al treilea exemplar al ~ - third of exchange camera s.f. chamber; room ~ agricola - chamber of agriculture ~ de asteptare - waiting room ~ de comert - chamber of commerce

~ basculant - tip/tipping lorry, dump truck ~ -cisterna de benzina - petrol bulk lorry ~ de mutari - removal van ~ frigorific - refrigerated truck ~ pentru transport de mobila furniture van ~ pentru transportui animalelor vii cattletruck ~ - platforma - platform lorry camionagiu^./n. carman, trucker ~ autorizat sa transporte marfuri din i in antrepozite vamale - bonded carman camionaj s.n. carting, cartage (service), haulage camioneta s.f. pickup (truck), light lorry/truck; (pentru livrdri) delivery car/van campanie s.f, campaign ~ a la baisse - (bur.) bear campaign/ raid/tack ~ a la hausse (bur.) bull campaign ~ de marketing - marketing campaign ~ de vanzari - sales campaign/drive, selling campaign ~ electorala - election/electoral campaign

62

CAM-CAP

~ organizational;! (campanie publicitard menitd sd cultive imagined iinei companii in ansamblu) corporate campaign ~ publicitara - advertising campaign/ drive, publicity campaign canal s.n. 1. (natural) channel; (artificial) canal 2. (de sciirgere) drain; (din case) sewer; (rigold) gutter; (colector) sewer; 3. (de televiziune) channel ~ de distributee - (prin care produsul finit ajunge la consumatorul final) channel of distribution, distribution channel ~ de irigatie - irrigation canal ~ de navigatie - ship canal/channel. navigation channel, shipway ~ fluvial - river channel ~ maritim - seaway (canal), maritime canal, ship canal/channel cancelar^.w. chancellor candidat s.m. 1. (la un post) candidate. applicant (for a post) 2. (in alegeri) nominee, candidate 3. (la un examen) candidate a propune un ~ - to nominate a candidate candidature s.f. nomination canibalizare s.f. (situatie in care cresterea volumului de vdnzdri pentru o marcd provoacd scdderea cererii pentru o alta apartindnd aceleiasi linii de prodiise) cannibalization cantaragiu s.m. (check) weigher ~ oficial/autorizat - sworn weigher cantitate s.f. quantity, amount ~ de marfa - quantity of goods, amount of cargo ~ de marfa transportata - haul

~ de produs transportat prin conducta pipe-line run ~ descarcata - landed quantity, outturn ~ disponibila - available quantity - economic comandata - (cantitate optima a stocurilor care trebuie comandata) economic ordering quantity ~ economic comandata pe lot -economic batch/lot quantity ~ incarcata - shipped quantity ~ inscrisa in documentele de transport - waybilled quantity ~ livrata/predata delivered measure/ weight ~ nevagonabila - less-than-truck load ~ suficienta - fair quantity ~ totala - gross amount ~ vagonabila - waggon-load cantitativ adj. quantitative cap s.n. 1. head; (de locuitor) head 2. (ef) head,chief - de linie - railway terminal, railhead; terminus capete de acuzare - (dr.) counts of the charge/indictment, specifications of charge ~ de vite - heads of cattle capac s.n. (limitd superioard impusd dobdnzii, mai ales in cazul ipotecii cu dobdndd variabila) (fin.) cap capacitate s.f. 1. (volum) capacity, volume 2. (aptitudine, facilitate) ability, capability, qualification, capacity; (competentd) competence 3. (dr.) capacity, legal competence/ capacity, ability ~ a magaziei - (mar.) hold capacity ~ a navei - capacity of a ship ~ a spatiului de sub punte - (mar.) underdeck capacity

CAP-CAP

63

- bruta - gross capacity ~ contractuala - (dr.) capacity to contract ~ cubica (in picioare cubice sail metri cnbi) (mar.) cargo/cubic capacity, ship's cubic capacity ~ cubica de depozitare - cubic storage capacity ~ de a produce castig/venit - earning capacity ~ de congelare - freezing capacity ~ de depozitare - storage capacity ~ de deservire a docului - dock capacity ~ de finantare - financing capacity ~ de incarcare - (a navei) weight-carrying capacity, cargo capacity, burden, lastage, loading/supporting capacity ~ de incarcare pe punte - (mar.) deck load capacity ~ de incarcare pentru cereale - grain capacity/cubic space ~ de incarcare pentru cherestea lumber load capacity ~ de incarcare pentru minereu - ore cargo capacity ~ de indatorare - (valoarea maxima a datoriei in structura capitalului) (fin.) debt capacity ~ de munca - working capacity. capacity for work ~ de operare a portului - port capacity ~ de plata - ability to pay, payment capacity, solvency ~ de productie - productive/ production capacity, operating efficiency ~ de refrigerare - (a instalatiei) refrigerating capacity

~ de schimb - (posibilitatea de a plati prin cambii fi, in consecintd, de a fi snpus dreptnini cambial) capacity to contract by bills ~ de stivuire - stowage capacity ~ de tancare - tankage capacity ~ de trafic - traffic capacity ~ de transport - carrying capacity '- de transport a marfurilor de volum - volume capacity ~ deadweight/totala de incarcare -(mar.) deadweight capacity/all told/ carrying capacity/tonnage, effective deadweight ~ excedentara - excess capacity; (de productie) surplus capacity ~ excesiva (de productie. fata de cerere) overcapacity ~ in baluri - (a navei) bale capacity/cubic ~ in containere - (a portcontaineruliii} container capacity ~ in pasageri - (a navei) passengers in berth ~ in vrac - capacity in bulk ~ jurisdictionala - (dr.) capacity to sue ~ legala - (dr.) legal competence/ capacity, ability ~ navlosita - (mar.) freight tonnage ~ neta/utila de incarcare/de incarcare de marfa - (mar.) deadweight cargo capacity, cargo capacity/ deadweight, carrying / net/ payload capacity, paying / useful deadweight ~ neutilizata - idle capacity - nominala - nominal capacity ~ succesorala - (dr.) ability to inherit ~ testamentara - (dr.) testamentary capacity, ability to make a will

64

CAP-CAP

~ volumetrica - measurement capacity, cubic capacity/content capa s.f. {mar.) primage ~ si avarie conform uzantelor (clauzd de conosament) primage and average accustomed cap can a s.f. trap capcana lichiditatilor - (situatie apdrutd atunci cdnd dobdnzile pentru obligatiuni sunt atdt de scdzute, meat posibilii investitori opteazd pentru detinerea de numerar) liquidity trap ~ saraciei - (situatie in care se afid o persoand cu venituri mid, al cdrei ajutor social e diminuat in functie de cdstigul obtinut din munca suplimentard si care nu are stimulente pentru a muncf) poverty trap ~ somajului - (lipsa de motivatie a somerului de a cduta o slujbd atdta vreme cat primeste ajutorul de somaj) unemployment trap capital adj. capital, chief, principal, essential s.n. capital. ~ activ - (active pdstrate sub forma de bani sau sub oricare altd forma care poate fi rapid transformatd in numerar) active capital ~ adecvat - (capacitatea capitalului unei band de a face fata unei eventuale evolutii negative a activelor sale fdrd a deveni insolvabild) capital adequacy ~ angajat - (capitalul utilizat intr-o afacere, activul net) capital employed/ owned ~ autohton - domestic capital ~ autorizat - (drept acordat consiliului de administrate al unei societdti anonime de a emite actiuni la nivelul autorizat al capitalului social) authorized capital

- autorizat, dar neemis - authorized but unissued capital ~ bancar - banking capital ~ blocat/imobilizat - lockaway, lockup; frozen assets ~ circulant/de rulment - (parte a capitalului real formatd din bunuri care partidpd la un singur dclu de productie, consumdndu-se complet in decursul acestuia si care trebuie inlocuite cu fiecare nou dclu) circulating/working capital ~ comercial - (valoarea combinatd a activelor fixe si curente ale unei firme) trading capital ~ de baza - principal ~ de dotare - (capitalul social pus la dispozitia unei sucursale de societatea-mamd) endowment capital ~ de exploatare operating capital ~ de investitie - investment capital ~ de rezerva - (al unei band) surplus reserve; capital of reserve ~ de rise - (investit in activitdti cu grad ridicat de rise) venture capital ~ declarat - stated capital ~ disponibil present/spare capital ~ emis - issued share capital ~ emis sub forma de actiuni preferentiale - preference capital ~ fictiv - (capital existent sub forma titlurilor de valoare) fictitious capital ~ fix - (parte a capitalului real formatd din bunuri durabile care partidpd la mai multe dcluri de productie si care se consumd treptat) fixed capital/ assets, permanent assets, physical capital ~ fix specific - (cu anumitd intre-buintare in procesul de productie) specific capital

CAP-CAP

65

~ global - total capital ~ inactiv/neproductiv - inactive/idle/ unproductive capital ~ indisponibil/nelichid - unavailable capital ~ industrial - industrial capital ~ initial - initial/opening/seed capital, principal ~ investit - invested capital ~ imprumutat - loan capital ~ in actiuni - share capital; (SUA) capital stock ~ in actiuni comune -junior capital ~ in actiuni neachitate - (platibile in rate de actionari) {bur.) uncalled capital ~ in actiuni neemise - unissued capital ~ in numerar - cash capital ~ liber - free capital ~ lichid - liquid capital ~ - marfa - commodity capital ~ neemis - unissued share capital ~ mort/neproductiv - dead/ unproductive capital ~ nevarsat - unpaid capital ~ nominal - (expresie a capitalului social al unei societdti comerciale evaluat prin valoarea nominald a titlurilor de proprietate emise) nominal capital ~ obisnuit - (emis sub forma de actiuni comune) ordinary capital ~ proaspat - (in special imprumuturi) fresh money ~ productiv - productive capital ~ propriu/al actionarilor - (detindtori de actiuni comune) equity, equity capital, company equity, equity of a company, shareholders '/stockholders' equity

~ propriu esential - (al unei societdti) core equity ~ real (capitalul existent in economia reald, care rezultd dintr-un proces de productie anterior si serveste la producerea altor bunuri economice) real capital ~ refugiat - (atras din strdindtate de dobdnzi ridicate sau de un climat politic sigur) refugee capital ~ social - (volumiil total de capital emis de o societate comerciald sub forma de actiuni - in cazul societdtilor pe actiuni - sau de parti sociale - in cazul societdtilor de persoane -) registered/share capital; (SUA) capital stock ~ strain foreign capital ~ subscris - (aportui in bani si in naturd pe care asociatii sau actionarii s-au angajat sd-l pund la dispozitia societdtii comerciale, in calitatea lor de proprietari) subscribed capital ~ si dobanda - principal and interest ~ transferal in strainatate - {din motive de instabilitate politico, si economica) funk money ~ uman - human capital ~ variabil - variable capital ~ varsat - paid-up/deposit capital capitala s.f. (pras) capital capitalism s. n. capitalism ~ contemporan - contemporary capitalism ~ corporatist - corporate capitalism ~ de stat - state capitalism ~ monopolist - monopolistic/ monopoly capitalism ~ salbatic - wild capitalism capitalist adj. capitalist(ic) s.m. capitalist

66

CAP-CAR

capitaliza v.t. (bur., fin.) to capitalize capitalizare s.f. (bur., fin.') capitalization - a rezervelor - (emisiune de actiuni gratuite pentru actionarii existent!) capitalization of reserves, scrip issue ~ bursiera (valoarea de piatd a unei finne, data de cursul bursei pentru acthmile emise si aflate in posesia actionarilor) market capitalization capitatie s.f. capitation (tax), head/poll tax caracteristica s.f. characteristic (feature); salient feature ~ unica (trasaturi specifice care diferentiazd un produs de concurentd si care pot fi transmise consiimatorului prin intermediul unui mesa/ publicitar simplu) (corn.) unique selling proposition caracteristici ale produsului product features ~ tehnice si de exploatare ale navei ship's specification carat s.n. carat carburant^./M. fuel card s.n. (plastic) card ~ bancar - bank card ~ cu cip - chip card ~ cu microprocesor - smart card ~ de numerar - (folosit la bancomate) cash card cargobot v. cargou cargocontainer s.n. freight container cargoplan s.n. (mar.) cargo/loading/ stowage plan ~ cu partizi de marfa - commodity type stowage plan ~ final - final stowage plan ~ preliminar - tentative cargo plan

cargou s.n. cargo boat/carrier/ship/ vessel, freight boat/camer/ship/vessel, freighter, general cargo carrier/ship/ vessel ~ - container - container carrier/ship/ vessel ~ de cabotaj - coastwise freighter ~ de linie - (cargo) liner ~ de marfuri usoare - light cargo ship/vessel ~ de mic tonaj - sea lorry ~ mixt - (pentru marfuri si pasageri) combination ship/vessel - oceanic - ocean cargo vessel ~ pentru marfuri paletizate palletized cargo carrier ~ pentru marfuri standard - standard cargo ship/vessel ~ universal - general-purpose cargo vessel, all-cargo ship/vessel caric s.n. (mar.) cargo, charge, burden, load, freight, shipload, shipment, floating cargo ~ amestecat (fdra mdrci si separatii) bulk pile, mixed cargo ~ aruncat in mare - (balizat in vederea reciiperdrii) lagan ~ complet - balance cargo, full cargo/ load, shipful ~ containerizabil - containerizable cargo ~ cu fardaj - dunnage cargo ~ cu miros specific - (care contamineazd alte marfuri sensibile) odorous cargo ~ cu penalizare - penalty cargo ~ de animale vii - live load ~ de cabotaj - coasting cargo } ~ de cereale - grain cargo ~ de cherestea - timber cargo; (SUA) lumber cargo

CAR-CAR

~ de import - incoming cargo ~ de Tnapoiere/intoarcere - inbound cargo/freight, inward cargo/freight, home freight, homeward cargo/freight. return cargo/freight/load ~ de linie - berth cargo ~ de materiale lemnoase - wood
cargo

~ de marfuri generale - general cargo ~ de petrol - oil/petrol/petroleum cargo, cargo oil ~ de plecare - departure loading, outbound freight, outward cargo/freight ~ de produse albe - clean cargo ~ de produse negre - black/dirty cargo ~ de punte - deck cargo/load, shipment on deck ~ de umplutura - filler cargo ~ de volum/cubaj - measurement cargo ~ deplasabil - shifting cargo, cargo liable to be broached ~ deteriorat - damaged cargo ~ incompatibil - {care nupoatefi limit Idngd alte marfuri) incompatible cargo ~ in baluri - bale cargo ~ in butoaie - barrel cargo, barrelled cargo/goods ~ in cala - bottom cargo ~ in lazi - case cargo ~ in pericol - distress cargo ~ in saci - bagged cargo ~ in stare buna - (la sosirea navei in portid de destinatie) cargo in good condition ~ in tranzit - transit freight ~ in vrac - cargo/shipment in bulk, bulk cargo/freight, cargo in bulk, loose bulk cargo ~ incarcat pe baza de conosament cargo covered by bill

~ la optiune - {jam nominalizareu portului) optional cargo ~ lichid - liquid cargo - mixt - mixed cargo - nerujat - untrimmed cargo ~ nestivuit unstowed cargo ~ paletizat - palletized cargo pentru strainatate freight outwards ~ periculos - dangerous cargo ~ plin si complet - (mugaziile pline ,v; nava afundatd pdiid la linia di mcdrcare regulamenturd) full ami complete cargo ~ rubrical - {in documente dc transport) captioned/subject cargo ~ stivuit - stowed cargo ~ strivit - (din caiiza arimdrii necorespunzdtoare) crushed cargo ~ uniform repartizat - (pe magaza) even load cargo ~ uscat - dry cargo ~ uscat in vrac - bulk dry cargo ~ usor (cu indice de stivuire de pesii. 50 de picioare cubice} light cargo cariera s.f. 1. (de piatrd) quarry, (stone) pit 2. career a face ~ to work one's way up, to have a good record a imbratisa o ~ - to take up a career carierism s.n. careerism carierist s.m. careerist, office/place hunter caritabil adj. charitable, eleemosynary carne s.f. (tdiatd sail preparata) meat ~ afumata - smoked/smoke-dried meat ~ alba - white meat ~ congelata - frozen meat ~ conservata - tinned/preserved/potted meat; (SUA) canned meat ~ cruda - raw meat

68

CAR-CAR

~ proaspata - fresh/butcher's meat ~ roie - red meat carnet s.n. 1. (pentru note) note book 2. (act) card; (permis) licence ~ de adrese - address book ~ de cecuri - cheque book; (SUA) checkbook ~ de depozit - deposit book ~ de economii - passbook, savings book ~ de marinar - sailor's pass, seaman's passport ~ de membru - membership card ~ de plata/retinere a impozitului (pe salarin) tax deduction card ~ de sindicalist - union card ~ de sofer - driver's licence carte s.f. book ~ de credit - credit card ~ de debit - debit card ~ de mare succes - best seller ~ de munca - workman's pass ~ de registru - (cu date despre clasificarea navelor) register book ~ de telefon - telephone directory ~ de vizita - business card ~ de vizita cu specimen de semnatura - signature card ~ funciara - land/cadastral register; (SUA) land office ~ postala - postal card ~ tehnica - instruction book cartea mare - (cont.) ledger ~ mare impersonala/generala (cont.) impersonal ledger
~ verde (de asigurare auto

internationala) green card carti mari auxiliare/analitice - (cent.) subsidiary ledgers cartel s.n. cartel; pool, ring; syndicate ~ al armatorilor - shipowner's pool

~ al armatorilor de nave de linie liner conference ~ al speculantilor a la baisse - {bur.) bear pool ~ al speculantilor a la hausse - (bur.) bull pool ~ de companii de navigatie - traffic pool ~ de optiuni - option pool ~ de stabilire a navlurilor - (mar.) freight conference ~ maritim - shipping conference ~ pentru schimbul de licente asupra brevetelor de inventie - patent pool cartela v.t. to cartel, to cartelize, to trustify cartelare s.f. cartelization, trustification cartela s.f. (de alimente sail alte produse uzuale) ration card/book ~ de alimente - food card cartier s.n. district, section, ward; (specific, industrial etc.) quarter ~ de locuinte - residential district ~ de locuinte aflat in administrarea autoritatilor locale - council estate ~ de locuinte ieftine - tenement district ~ elegant - brownstone district ~ muncitoresc - workers' (residential) district/quarter cartofor.y.w. gambler carton s.n. (mucava) pasteboard; (mai subtire) cardboard ~ de ambalaj - packing cardboard ~ de esantioane - (colectie de materials textile) sample card cartona v.t. to bind in boards; to paste cartonaj s.n. 1. (cartonare) pasteboard work 2. (obiecte de carton) pasteboard goods/wares

CAR-CAU

69

cartoteca s.f. 1. (fisier) card index 2. (incapere) filing cabinet casa v.t. (dr.) to annul, to quash, to reverse casa s.f. 1. house; (locuintd) dwelling, habitation 2. (de corner!) house 3. (casierie) cash office, pay desk/office; {in magazin) desk, cash register, till; (la banca) counter ~ cu apartamente sau camere de mchiriat - lodging house ~ cu dependinte - (dr.) messuage ~ de ajutor reciproc - mutual insurance/benefit fund ~ de amanet - pawnshop ~ de asigurari sociale - social insurance fund ~ de bagaje - baggage room, cloakroom ~ de bani - safe, strongbox; vault ~ de bilete - booking office; (la cinema, teatru) box office ~ de broken - commission house ~ de comert - business/commercial/ trading house ~ de compensatie - clearing house ~ de economii - provident/savings bank ~ de economii la oficiul postal - post-office savings bank ~ de inregistrare - (corn.) cash register ~ de raport - tenement house ~ de schimb valutar - exchange office ~ de scont - discount house ~ mica - petty cash ~ neagra (cu fonduri nedeclarate) slush fund caseta s.f. (pentru bijuterii) casket; (pentru bani) cashbox, money box; (pentru instrumente) case

easier s.m. cashier; (care plateste

salariile militarilor, ale muncitorilor

etc.) paymaster; (la banca) teller; (la casa-de bilete) booking clerk ~ automat - (bancomat) automatic teller machine casierie s.f. pay/paying office, cash department, cash/cashier's/money office, desk office casnic adj. (de casa) home...; home-made; (menajer) household catalog s.n. 1. catalogue; (lista) list 2. (corn.) inventory, catalogue ~ comercial - trade catalogue ~ comercial cu adrese - trade directory ~ de oferte pentru comenzi prin posta - mail-order catalogue cataloga v.t. to catalogue, to put/to enter into a catalogue catalogator^.m. cataloguer, cataloguist categorie s.f, 1. category; (fel) kind, sort; (clasa) class, order, grade 2. (de salarizare, impozitare) bracket ~ a cambiilor - quality of bills of exchange ~ de salarizare - salary bracket ~ de unitati (pentru bani, greutdti etc.) denomination ~ socioprofesionala - social and professional category/class categorii de impozite - tax schedules cauciuc s.n. 1. (India) rubber 2. (de
autovehicul) tyre; (SUA) tire

~ natural - natural/plant rubber ~ sintetic - synthetic rubber cautiune s.f. 1. (garanfie, gaj) security, guarantee, warranty; collateral 2. (dr.) bail ~ legala - legal/compulsory guarantee

70

CAU-CAP

a depune ~ pentru cineva - to go bail for smb. cauza s.f. 1. cause; {motiv) reason, ground 2. (dr.) (legal) case, lawsuit, trial ~ proxima - (a cererii de onorare a iinei polite de asigurare) proximate cause a pune pe cineva in ~ - (dr.) to sue/to summon smb. a scoate pe cineva din ~ - (dr.) to rule smb. out of court ca'is.n. case; {intdmplare) event - de forta majora - case of emergency; act of God ~ fortuit - fortuitous event ~ in speta - concrete case ~ neprevazut unforeseen event, contingency caza v.t. to accommodate, to lodge cazare s.f. accommodation cazier s.n. (jzidiciar) criminal/identification record calator s.m. 1. traveller; (CM bilef) fare; (pe mare) voyager 2. (pasager) passenger; {twist) tourist ~ cu abonament - regular traveller calatori v.i. (fara a wdica destinatia) to travel (about), to be/to go on one's travels, to be/to go touring; (implicdnd o destinatie) to (make a) journey; (pe apd) to voyage '- cu trenul - to go/to travel by rail/train ~ in interes de afaceri - to travel on business ~ pe mare - to go/to travel by sea, to voyage calatorie s.f. (de obice'i mai lungd) travel; (cu destinatie precisu) journey; (scurta) tour, trip, excursion; (pe mare)

voyage; (rutd/cursd maritimd regulatd) trade ~ cu caric la bord - {mar.) loaded voyage/passage ~ de agrement - pleasure trip ~ de ducere - (a navei comerciale) outward/outgoing voyage, passage out ~ de inapoiere - (a navei comerciale) homeward/inward/return voyage, passage home ~ de predare (la expirarea termenului de navlosire pe timp) (mar.) delivery voyage ~ dus-intors - round trip/voyage - in balast/neproductiva - (a petrolierelor fji a min era lierelor) ballast passage/voyage, light/unloaded passage ~ in circuit - circular tour ~ pentru probe de receptie - {mar.) acceptance trial trip camatar s.m. usurer, money lender; {care da imprumut pe amanet) pawnbroker, pawnee camataresc adj. usurious camatarie s.f. usury, extortionate practice(s) a face ~ - to practise usury capitan s.m. \. captain 2. {mar.) captain; skipper; (pe navele comerciale) shipmaster ~ de cursa lunga - foreign-trade master, sea captain, captain of long course ~ de doc - dock master - de port - harbour/port master, captain of the port -- fluvial - nver master ~ maritim - sea master capitanie .s'./,' {de port) harbour master's office

CAR-CA

71

carau$ s.m. carter; (cargo) carrier, contract carrier ~ asociat (la un cartel maritim} conference carrier ~ comun - (termen general pentrn companii de navigatie, proprietari de nave si comandanti) common caiTier ~ independent/necartelat - (mar.} nonconference carrier ~ maritim - sea carrier ~ ulterior - {mar.} on-can'ier carau^ies.f carriage, haulage, portage carbune s.m. (mineral) (mineral) coal; (mangaT) charcoal ~ brun - brown coal, lignite ~ - bulgari - lump/large coal ~ cosificabil baking/metallurgical coal ~ cocsificat - caked coal ~ marunt small/slack coal ~ - praf- coal powder, dross of coal casuta s.f. (posta!d) post-office box catlike s.f. pi. handcuffs ~ de aur - {avantaje financiare acerbate de o fa'md angajatilor important! pentru a evita ca acestia sd fie atrayi de conciirentd'} (man.) golden handcuffs cantar s.n balance., (pair of) scales: (pentru greutdti. man') weighing lever machine ~ decimal - centesimal balance ~ dc precizie precision balance ~ roman - steelyard a pierde la ~ - to lose (in the) weight a trage la ~ - to weigh heavily cantari ,'./. to weigh to have a weight of ~ rnai greu/mult decat - to outweigh, to overbalance

ca$tig s.n. gain; (dintr-o afacere; retum(s); (prm muncd) eamings-(yeriii) income, revenue; (beneficiu. profit'} benefit, profit, proceeds; (.'(', icteric} prize; [la ciirsele de cai} stake - de capital - (profitii! obtimit da. vanzarea activelor de capital) capita' gains - de cauza - (dr.) recovery o^ judgement - disponibil - (dupa plata taxeior si ( impozitelor) disposable income " tiea$teptat'/neprevazur - windthL (profit) -- nedistribuit - (in uivulende) retainc. earnings - suplimentar - perquisite ca$tiguri disponibile pentru actiunu-comune earnings available t'" commons - pe actiune - earnings per share - pe actiune complet diliiate (cdstigu! pe actiune recalciilal 'h' h,.f: ipotezei conversiei titiitrilor coin'-" tibile ,>/' a exercitdrii tiitiiror drepni''!^': de conversie) full\ diluted earnings ;\' share - suplirncntare -- (acordate angajatilor pe langa salarul obisnuit)fringe benefits supuse retinerilor pentru pensie pensionable emoluments castiga v.t. 1. to gain: to win: {prin munca} to earn; \a dobdndi} to acquire; (un premiu) to carry off 2. {departea sa) to win over ~ net to net ~ piata to capture the market ~ procesul to win one`s case ~ teren to gain ground ~ un avantaj to gain an advantage

72

CEC-CER

cec s.n. cheque; (SUA) check ~ acceptat/vizat - (de bancd) certified cheque ~ anulat - canceled cheque ~ bancar - bank cheque ~ barat - crossed cheque ~ care nu poate fl incasat la valoarea nominala - nonpar cheque ~ -corespondenta - correspondence cheque ~ cu limita de suma - limited cheque ~ cu suma falsificata - raised cheque ~ de calatorie - traveller's cheque ~ de retragere - (de numerar din cont) (SUA) counter check ~ deschis/nebarat - open/uncrossed cheque ~ expirat - stale cheque ~ fals - bogus cheque ~ fara acoperire - dud/bad cheque ~ m alb - blank cheque ~ la ordin - order cheque, cheque to order ~ la purtator - bearer cheque, cheque to bearer ~ marcat - (de bancd impotriva falsificdrii) marked cheque ~ necompensat - uncleared cheque ~ personal - (al unei persoane fizice) personal cheque ~ platit/onorat - paid cheque ~ refuzat - returned cheque ceda v.t. to give up, to yield (up); to surrender; to assign ~ si unul si altui - to split the difference cedents.m. (dr.) assignor, releasor celeritate s.f. (mar.) celerity ~ de livrare/predare - delivery speed ~ de operare a portului - port speed

~ uzuala - customary/usual/useful dispatch ~ uzuala continua - continuous customary dispatch centrala s.f. (directie) central/head office; (a unei case de comert, a unei firme etc.) principal office ~ atomo-electrica nuclear power station ~ electrica - power station ~ hidroelectrica - hydroelectric power station ~ telefonica - telephone exchange ~ termica - steam-generating station centralism s.n. centralism ~ economic state planning centralizare s.f. (procesul de concen-trare a autoritdtii si a deciziei la central organizatiei principale) (man.) centralization centru s.n. (comercial, financiar etc.) centre ~ al orasului - downtown ~ comercial commercial/shopping centre, emporium ~ de afaceri - business centre ~ de cost (unitate cdreia i se pot aloca niste costuri specifice) cost centre ~ de productie - producing centre ~ de profit (unitate in interiorul unei organizatii care este responsabild de propriul sdu profit) (man.) profit centre ~ turistic - tourist centre cemor s.m. auditor cere s.n. circle; (grup de persoane cu interese economice comune sustinute pe cdi ilegale) ring ~ vicios al subdezvoltarii/saraciei underdevelopment/poverty vicious circle

CER-CER

73

~ vicios inflationist - (relatia de interconditionare dintre cr entered preturilor bunurilor de consum si inde-xarea salariilor nominale care accen-tueazd inflatid) inflationary vicious circle cercetare s.f. 1. (dr.) (anchetd) judicial inquiry, official examination; (audiere) trial, hearing 2. (stiintificd) research 3. control, examination; inspection; analysis ~ a audientei - (in mass media) audience research ~ a comportamentului consumatorilor - attitude research ~ a mijioacelor de reclama - media research ~ a preferintelor consumatorilor consumer research ~ de marketing - marketing research ~ de piata - market research ~ -dezvoltare - research and development ~ motivationala - (pentru a descoperi factorii psihologici care determind comportamentui consumatorilor) motivational research ~ operationala - {man.) operational research ~ publicitara - advertising research ~ tiintifica - scientific research ~ teoretica - pure/fundamental/desk research cercetator^.w. (stiintific) researcher cere v.t. 1. to ask (for), to demand, to request; (a revendicd) to claim; (a pretinde) to exact; (un pret) to charge; {plata unei datorii} to call in 2. (a necesita) to require, to call for, to necessitate v.r. (corn.) to be in request/demand

~ despagubiri - to claim damages, to make/to put in a claim for damages ~ un pret mai mare - to overcharge ~ un pret mai mic - to undercharge cereale s.f. pi. cereals, cereal plants, corn, grain ~ furajere - fodder grain ~ grele - (grdu, porumb, secard) heavy grain ~ in vrac - bulk grain ~ livrate in buna stare - delivered sound grain ~ usoare - (pvdz, orz, seminte de bumbac - cu greutatea hectolitricd sub 60 kg) light grain cerealier adj. cereal..., grain... s.n. cereal carrier, grain carrier/ship, grain-carrying ship/vessel cerealist s.m. corn dealer cerere s.f. 1. request; demand; claim; exaction 2. (scrisa) petition, application, suit 3. (corn.) demand, run; (de plata a unei societati ai caret actionari sunt sohcitati sd plateasca sumele restante pentru actiunile detinute) call ~ a consumatorilor - consumer demand ~ agregata - (totalitatea cheltuielilor planificate pentru o perioadd determinatd, destinate achizitiondrii de bunuri produse in cadrul economic! nafionale) aggregate demand ~ alternativa / combinata / pentru bunuri substituibile - (cerere de produse ori factori de productie inter-sanjabili) alternate/composite demand, demand for substituible goods ~ atipica - (notiune care exprimd exceptiile de la legea cererii) non-typical demand

74

CER-CER

~ complementara/pentru bunuri complementare - (cerere de doud produse care se folosesc impreuna) complementary/joint demand, demand tor complementary goods - concurentiala - (situatie in care dona sail mai multe produse concureazd pentru satisfacerea cererii pieici) competitive demand - constanta - steady demand ~- controlata - pent-up demand '- dc amanare - (a platii) petition for respite - d'c cotare/listare - (bur.) application ior quotation/listing de credite - {in economic) credit demand de daune/despagubiri - damage cl;.n,n, daim for damages de declarare in stare de faliment -(r./' i bankruptcy petition, petition in DanKmptcy th; despagubire cu drepturi l>rionlare prior claim dc inSocinre - {u vruai^eic'' de ;:'>'(.'.,. fi/.? indtlin^yita} replacenient .leniaMd - cu; maija (garantie qfenfd lie did'i, ; 'iol'elllit.^i) {l>iu\) margin call'nouc,; - <lc moneda (componenfa a pieiei ')'i."u'^('/f^, constund dlii cerereu tie nc{i\'e tHoneltire) demand tor money ~ (ir' iliuncii (neccsand de munca s>;iu! 'md cc e.iiSUi ia un moment dat in oi'sornia iilie, tan if' fundse dc isii'i'nil -^I'arinr''} demand for iabour - ve oh-ria - lenuer demand w i't:sra^r;N-' a depunr'rilor ^11'!

~ de tonaj - (mar.) indent for space ~ de transport - (mar.) shipping request, cargo booking ~ de valuta - demand for currency ~ de vamuire in afara programului overtime request ~ derivata - (cererea pentru un factor de productie rezullatd din modificarea cererii de pe piata produsului finit la care a contribuit factorul respective derived demand ~ directa - direct demand ~ educationala {element al pietei ediicatiei care reflectd comportamenlul consumatorilor de servicii educationale) demand for education ~ elastica - elastic demand ~ individuals - individual demand ~ intermitenta - intermittent demand ~ interna - domestic demand - previzibila anticipated demand - reala - effective demand ~ reconventionala - (dr.) counterclaim ~ redusa - sluggish demand -~ sezoniera - seasonal demand - slaba - slack demand - speculative - speculative demand ~ spontana - spontaneous demand - sporita increased demand ~- i oferta - supply and demand cererea mai mare decat oferta (bur.) buyers over cereri de serviciu - situations wanted cerinta s.f. (nevoie) want, need; [necesiiate) necessity; (exi^entd} ^cquircnient ..'.TinU- ale iiilei activilati -- 10 '.. :.l..^'i^r!l[.;^ls ,.. .-.usiy. if.1 anes-

CER-CER

~ american de depozit - (certificat emis de o bancd americand in contui unor titluri de valoare strains') American depository receipt ~ de accident/ghinion - (acordat de instanta unui falit, prin care se certified faptui cd falimentui nil a fost cauzat de proasta conducere a afacerii, ci de un accident) certificate of misfortune ~ de actiuni - share/stock certificate ~ de analiza - (a unui produs) certificate of analysis ~ de asigurare - certificate of ' insurance, insurance certificate ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) certificate of damage, damage certificate; average certificate - de cabotaj - coasting certificate ~ de calitate certificate of quality, quality/grade certificate ~ de cantarire - weight certificate ~ de clasa - (a navel) certificate of classification, classification/class certificate ~ de control - inspection certificate ~ de control vamal - (mar.) jerque note ~ de depozit - (titlii emis pe termen scurt sau mediu de o bancd) certificate of deposit; (dovadd prin care banca recunoaste cd a acceptat si u inre-gistrat titluri sau valori in registrul de valori) deposit slip ~ de depozit pentru impunere -(folosit pentru plata impozitelor, certificatui oferind dobdndd) tax deposit certificate ~ de descarcare/debarcare ~ certificate of discharge, discharge/ landinu certificate

~ de dividende - dividend righi certificate ~ de economii - {certificat de titluri <:/< valoare) savings certificate ~ de existenta - (certificat eliberat i'i'i' un fond de pensii care atestd cc'i beneficiarul stipulat in certificat este in viatd) certificate of existence ~ de expertiza - (eliberat navei dupa inspectia de registrii) certificate os survey, survey certificate ~ de garantie - certificate 01 guarantee/warranty ~ de inventator - patent letter ~ de investitor - investment certificate ~ de inregistrare - (a actiuniloi nominate) certificate of inscription; (1'. unei societdti comerciale) certificate 01 incorporation; (pentru navele dc cabotaj si de pesciat mat mart de 20 ii: tone-registrii) marine document; (SUA'' certificate of enrollment ~ de libera incarcare - (la petroliere free loading certificate ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance certificate, clearing bill ~ de nationalitate - (al navei; certificate of registration/registry ship's certificate of registry ~ de navigabilitate - (mar.') certificai,.: of seaworthiness; (pentru navele iii. pasageri) certificate of clearance: (pentru ueronave) certificate c'i airworthiness ~ de nondumping - nondiimpin^ certificate ~ de obligatiuni - bond certificate - dc origine - (a mdrfurilor de ,"xpt) certificate of manufacture/onHin ^

76

CER-CES

~ de participare - {titlu ce reprezintd o participare la capitalul social al unei intreprinderi) participation certificate ~ de plata a accizelor - excise permit ~ de proprietate - ownership certificate ~ de receptie - acceptance certificate ~ de recuperare - (tip de certificat de dividende eliberat creditorilor sau actionarilor in cazul asandrii unei societdti) debtor warrant ~ de restituire a taxelor vamale (platite pentru mdrfurile importate care au fost ulterior reexportate sau folosite la fabricarea mdrfurilor de export) (customs) debenture, debenture bond ~ de sarcini - (al unei proprietdti) title report ~ de scutire de taxe vamale - clearing bill ~ de stivuire - stowage/stowing certificate ~ de testare - {a produselor) test certificate ~ de tonaj - tonnage certificate; (mar.) certificate of / measurement, measurement certificate ~ de transfer (de actiuni) certificate of transfer, transfer certificate ~ de trezorerie - {titlu de stat destinat acoperirii deficitului bugetului de stat) Treasury certificate ~ interimar/provizoriu - (de actiuni, obligafiuni) interim certificate, scrip ~ nominal - (de actiuni) registered certificate ~ notarial - notarial certificate ~ partial de actiuni - (pentru o parte de actiune, cdnd, in cazul fuziunii a

doud societdti, actiunile sunt inegale ca valoare) fractional (share) certificate ~ pentru dobanda e$alonata - (bur.) deferred interest certificate/scrip/ warrant ~ pentru transportui de cereale - (se
elibereazd dacd nova are dotdrile

corespunzdtoare) grain cargo certficate ~ provizoriu de asigurare - (cu valabilitate pdnd la emiterea politei de asigurare) cover note ~ sanitar - sanitary certificate ~ vama! pentru rambursarea surplusului de taxa vamala - overentry certificate cesiona v.t. {dr.) to assign; to surrender; to transfer; to convey cesionar s.m. assignee; transferee cesiune s.f. {dr.) cession; assignment; transfer; conveyance ~ a dreptului de retentie - assignment of lien ~ de creante - assignment of debts ~ de obligatii - assignment of obligations ~ fara notificare - {cesiune de creante pe care cesionarul nu o notified debitorului/cedentului) undisclosed assignment ~ generala/globala - (prin care un creditor cedeazd unei terte persoane toate creantele sale) general assignment ~ in alb - {transmiterea in scris a unei creante prin andosare fdrd a mentiona cesionarul sau persoana care va deveni creditor) assignment in blank ~ prin novatie - assignment affected by novation ~ voluntara - voluntary conveyance/ consequence/disposition

CET-CHE

77

cetatean s.m. citizen cetatenie s.f. citizenship cheis.n. quay, pier, wharf ~ de descarcare - discharging quay, cargo terminal ~ de incarcare - shipping pier, loading wharf ~ de marfuri - cargo quay ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk-handling cargo quay ~ de operare - (incarcare, descarcare) freight terminal ~ de operare specializat - terminal ~ de pasageri - passenger quay ~ de petrol - petroleum wharf, oil jetty/pier/quay ~ de reparatii - repair jetty ~ fluvial - wharf ~ pentru mijioace de alimbare/ mahonare - lighterage wharf ~ pentru petroliere - tanker jetty ~ plutitor - dummy, floating bulkhead/
jetty

~ vamal - customs wharf, legal quay cheiaj s.n. (taxe de chei) quay/pier/ wharf dues, wharfage, queyage, pierage chelar s.m. wine cooper cheltui v.t. to spend, to expend; (banf) to disburse, to lay out; (a risipi) to waste, to squander v.i. to spend ~ excesiv - to overspend cheltuiala s.f. expense, expenditure, outgoings; cost; pi. charges; (speze) disbursement, outlay; (risipa) thriftlessness; waste cheltuieli administrative administrative expenses, administration costs/expenses ~ anticipate - prepaid expenses ~ bugetare - government/national expenditure

~ cu reparatii extraordinare - (/acute la un activ depreciat, de-a lungul duratei sale rdmase de viata) extraordinary repairs ~ curente - (de productie) running costs/expenses ~ de administratie - management expenses ~ de ambalare - package/packing expenses ~ de amortizare - depreciation expenses ~ de andocare - dock/docking charges ~ de antrepozitare - warehouse charges ~ de armare (a navelor comerciale) ownership costs ~ de asigurare - insurance charges ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average expenditure/expenses ~ de capital - (cont., fin.) capital charges ~ de calatorie/deplasare - (in interes de serviciu/afaceri) travelling expenses ~ de constituire/lnfiintare - (a unei societal!} promotion/formation expenses ~ de deplasare - (pe mila) mileage expenses ~ de depozitare - storage charges ~ de descarcare - discharging expenses ~ de distribute - distributive costs ~ de expeditie a marfurilor despatch/ dispatch fees, forwarding charges, charges forward ~ de expertiza - survey expenses ~ de exploatare - operating costs/expenses, working charges/ expenses

78

CHE-CHE

~ de investitie outlay ~ de capital expenditure/ incarcare expenses loading charges/ ~ de intretinere expenses of maintenance, costs of upkeep, maintenance charges/costs/expenses, upkeep expenses ~ de judecata - law costs, legal charges/expenses ~ de livrare - delivery charges ~ de manipulare - (a mdrfii) handling costs; (in statia terminus) (c.f.) terminal charges/costs, terminals ~ de mutare - removal expenses ~ de personal - staff costs ~ de productie - factory/ manufacturing/systematic costs. production expenses de publicitate advertising expenditure/outlays ~ de ranfluare - (mar.) expenses for refloating ~ de regie - overhead expenses/charges, overheads ~ de reprezentare - entertainment expenses, table money ~ de salvare - {mar.) salvage charges/expenses ~ de stivuire - stowage expenses, stevedoring charges ~ de timbrare - stamp charges ~ de transport - carriage charges/expenses, freight charges/costs, transport charges; (mar.) shipping charges/expenses ~ de vanzare/desfacere - selling costs/expenses ~ diverse - sundry charges/expenses, sundries ~ estimative - estimated expenses

~ extraordinare - extraordinary expenditure/expenses ~ fixe - fixed/standing charges/expenses ~ generale - general expenses, on-cost charges; overheads ~ initiale/de instalare - initial/first outlays, initial costs ~ in sarcina - cost taxable to ~ mari - heavy expenses ~ marunte - petty expenses, petties ~ neprevazute - contingent/incidental expenses, unexpected costs ~ neprevazute recuperabile recoverable unforeseen expenditures ~ obisnuite - ordinary disbursements ~ pentru recrutarea cadrelor - cost of recruitment ~ postale - postal charges - preliminare/de infiintare - (a unei societdti) preliminary expenses - publice - public expenditure ~ reprezentand dobanda - interest expenses ~ speciale - special charges; departmental charges ~ standard - standard costs ~ suplimentare - extras ~ si incasari - expenditure and receipts ~ vamale - customs charges ~ variabile - variable expenses/costs a face ~ - to incur expenses a lua toate ~ asupra sa - to defray expenses a-si acoperi ~ - to cover one's expenses, to get back one's money a-si reduce ~ - to reduce/to cut ones expenses cheltuitor adj. spendthrift, thriftless. wasteful s. m. spendthrift, squanderer chenzinal adj. fortnightly

CHE-CIB

79

~ contractuala - contractual rent ~ de wages navlosire - (pe timp) (mar.} charter hire cherestea s.f. timber, converted timber, ~ diferentiala - (mai mare decdt esie sawn timber/wood; (SUA) lumber normal deoarece include plata pentru unele ~ de rainoase - softwood timber avantaje si facilitdti special e) differential ~ standardizata - sawn timber per rent ~ excesiva/exagerata - rack-rent ~ standard moarta - (platibild pentru conce-sionarea chestionar s.n. questionnaire; list/set unei mine, indiferent dacii aceasta este in of questions exploatare sail nu} dead rent a completa un ~ - to fill in a questionnaire a da cu ~ to let out on hire/lease a lua cu ~ cheta s.f. collection; (banii) takings a umbia - to take on hire/lease a sta cu - - to live in a cu cheta - to take up the collection house as (a tenant/lodger chilipir s.n. chance purchase/bargain, chitanta s.f. receipt, quittance (lucky) bargain acknowledgment, voucher; release a umbia dupa chilipiruri - to hunt for ~ contabila - formal receipt bargains ~ de asigurare provizorie - binding chimist^.m. chemist receipt ~ -analist (care determind titrul) ~ de consemnare - (in vamd) deposr assayer receipt chintals./i. quintal; hundredweight ~ de constituire a unui depozit ~ scurt - short/net hundredweight deposit receipt chioc s.n. stall; (ghereta) booth ~ de plata - receipt for payment, cash ~ de ziare - bookstall, bookstand, paid receipt newsstand ~ de plata a taxelor vamale - docket chirias s.m. {locator) lodger; tenant, ~ de plata pentru manipulare sau lessee depozitare in statia terminus - (c.f ~ abuziv (care continud sd ocupe o terminal receipt proprietate dupa expirarea contrac- de primire - voucher for receipt tului fdrd acordul proprietaruliii) ~ de sold/lichidare - receipt in fuli tenant at sufferance discharge ~ care plateste o chine excesiva ~ in dublu exemplar - receipt 11 rack-renter duplicate ~ cu contract - (valabil un anumit ~ neverificata - unaudited voucher numdr de ani) tenant for years ~ valabila - good receipt ~ cu contract valabil un an - tenant a elibera o ~ - to make out a receipt from year to year chitantier s.n. receipt book ~ fara contract - tenant at will cibernetica s.f. cybernetics ~ pe viata - tenant for life, life tenant chirie s.f. rent; hire; lease

chenzina s.f. fortnight; (fortnightly)

80

CIC-CIT

ciclic adj. cyclic(al) ciclu.y.n. cycle ~ agricol - agricultural cycle ~ de achizitionare/cumparare (frecventa cu care este achizitionat un produs) purchase/buying cycle ~ de activitate - work cycle ~ de afaceri - business cycle ~ de conversie a numerarului (perioada dintre momentui in care o firmd achizitioneazd materiile prime si eel al vdnzarii produselor finite) cash conversion cycle ~ de livrare - delivery cycle ~ de munca - (pentru mdeplinirea sarcinilor specifice postului) (man.) job cycle ~ de prelucrare a informatiei contabile - accounting information processing cycle ~ de productie - production cycle ~ de viata al familiei - (divizarea pietei pe sectoare, in functie de cheltuielile ocazionate de structura si evolutia in timp a familief) family life cycle ~ de viata al produsului -^product life cycle ~ de viata industriala - industrial life cycle ~ economic - (succesiunea perioadelor de expansiune si recesiune in activitatea economica) economic cycle ~ operational - (intervalul de timp dintre cumpdrarea de materii prime pentru productia de bunuri si incasarea numerarului dupd vdnzarea acestord) operating cycle ~ sezonier - (cresteri si scdderi ale
volumului si ale ritmului activitdtii pe

parcursul unui an in anumite domenii de activitate) seasonal cycle cifra v.r. (Id) to amount/to come/to figure to, to run into cifra s.f. figure, number; (intre 0 si 9) digit ~ aproximativa/estimativa/rotunda round figure/number ~ binara - binary digit ~ de afaceri - turnover ~ de afaceri totala/globala - total turnover ~ de afaceri zilnica - daily turnover citric adj. numerical, (expressed) by figures circuit s. n. circuit ~ economic - economic circular flow ~ turistic combinat transport aerian/rutier - fly-drive ~ turistic combinat zbor/croaziera pe mare - fly-cruise ~ turistic complet/cu toate serviciile incluse in pret - inclusive tour circulara s.f. circular (letter) circulatie s.f. 1. (rutierd, feroviard etc.) traffic 2. (monetard, de mdrfuri) circulation ~ a banilor - money circulation a marfurilor commodity circulation ~ a stocurilor - stock turnover ~ activa (bani aflati efectiv in circulatie) active circulation ~ fara acoperire - (a banilor) uncovered circulation ~ fiduciara fiduciary circulation a pune in ~ - (bani faisi, documente false) to utter cisterna s.f. tank, cistern, reservoir cita v.t. (dr.) to summon, to cite; (martori) to subpoena

CIT-CLA

81

citatie s.f. (dr.) writ(of summons), summons; (implicdnd amenda in caz de neprezentare) subpoena clasa v.t. 1. to class; (a clasificd) to classify; (scrisori) to docket; (docu-mente mtr-o arhivd, unfisier) to file; (a sorta dupd calitate) to grade; (a sorta dupd mdrime, dimensiune) to size 2. (dr.) {a respinge o actiune) to dismiss; (a casd) to quash clasare s.f. 1. classification; (a scri-sorilor) docketing; (a documentelor mtr-o arhivd, unfisier) filing; (sortare dupd calitate) grading; (sortare dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing 2. (dr.) (respingere a unei actiuni) dismissal; (casare) cassation, annulment clasa s.f. 1. (categoric) class, category 2. (sociald) class 3. (sort) grade 4. (pe mijioacele de transport) class 5. (a navelor) class (of ships), rate (of ships) clasa de mijioc - middle class ~ dominanta/conducatoare - the ruling class ~ economica - (cu eel mai scdzut confort in transporturile aeriene si maritime depasageri) economy class ~ intai - first class ~ muncitoare - working class ~ turistica/a doua - (in transporturile aeriene si maritime de pasageri) tourist class clasa a cambiilor - quality of bills of exchange ~ de calitate - quality grade ~ de conturi - accounts class ~ de nave - (totalitatea navelor identice in privinfa constructiei si a destinatiei) class of ships/vessels, ship's class ~ de produse - product class

~ de unitati - (pentru bani, greutdti etc.) denomination clasele bogate/avute - wealth-owning classes, the moneyed classes ~ de jos - the lower classes clasifica v.t. to classify; to class; (dupd calitate) grading; (dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing; (a determina si a acorda clasa unei nave) (mar.) to classify, to class, to rate clasificare s.f. classification; (dupd calitate) grading; (dupd mdrime, dimensiune) sizing; (a posturilor in functie de competenta cerutd si de sala-rizarea corespunzdtoare) grading; (a navelor) classification (of ships) ~ a activitatilor/posturilor - job classification ~ a navelor - classification of ships, ships' classification ~ a obligatiunilor - (close atribuite obligatiunilor pe baza probabilitdtii de intrare in mcetare de platd a societdtilor emitente) bond rating ~ industriala standard - standard industrial classification ~ vamala (categoria din cadrul unui nomenclator de taxe vamale in care este introdus un produs) customs classification ~ zecimala - decimal classification clauza s.f. clause, provision, specification, warranty; pi. terms clauza abandonului (asig. mar.) abandonment clause ~ abordajului/coliziunii - (asig. mar.) collision clause, running-down clause ~ abordajului din vina ambelor nave (asig. mar.) both - to - blame collision clause

82

CLA-CLA

~ ancorei i a lantului - (a^/g. war.) anchor and chain clause ~ -aur - (fin.) (clauzd care prevede rambursarea unei datorii in aur sail in echivalent-aur; clanzd prin care se adangd la valoarea unei creante pe cea a unei cantitdti specificate de aur sail de echivalent-aur} gold clause ~ avariei - (asig. mar.} average clause ~ avariei comune in strainatate (dispasa se intocmeste conform legii portului de destinatie) foreign general average clause ~ ,,avariilor de mare" - (in transportui de cereale} sea-damaged terms ^ ~ caricului in coliziutte - (se tine cont numai de pierderile marfii) (asig. mar.) freight collision clause ~ confidentialitatii - (intr-un contract de angajare) confidentiality clause ~ continuarii asigurarii continuation/prolongation clause ~ contrastaliilor - (mar.) demurrage clause ~ cre$terii preturilor - up-price clause ~ danei/,,la rand" - (mar.) berth/ berthing clause ~ danei pregatite - (mar.) ready berth clause ~ ,,de la depozit la depozit" warehouse-to-warehouse clause ~ degrevarii - (de o obligatie contractuald) (dr.) escape clause ~ devierii - (abaterii de la drum) (mar.) deviation/liberty clause ~ dreptului de retentie - lien clause ~ esuarii - (asig, mar.) grounding clause ~ evaluarii - (asig.) valuation clause

~ extinderii politei de asigurare extended cover clause ~ ,,fara captura i sechestrare" (asig. mar.) free of capture and seizure clause ~ ,,fara raspundere pentru spargeri" - free of breakage clause ~ garantiei - warranty clause ~ ghetii (de predare a incdrcdturii in eel mat apropiat port neblocat de gheturi) ice clause ~ grevei - strike clause ~ ineflcientei - (navei) breakdown/off-hire clause ~ ,,lipsei de marfa" - (la predare) deficiency clause ~ livrarii/predarii marfii peste bord - (mar.) overside delivery clause ~ natiunii celei mai favorizate - most-favoured nation clause ~ navei apte de a transporta marfuri - (asig. mar.) cargo-worthy clause ~ ,,navei de serie" - (asig. mar.) sister-ship clause ~ navlului - freight clause ~ necumularii avariilor - (asig. mar.) noncumulative clause <-~ neglijentei - (asig. mar.) inchmaree/ negligence clause ~ ofertei - tender clause ~ ,,operarii la rand" - (mar.) turn berth clause ~ pavilionului - (mar.) flag clause ~ penalizarii - penalty clause ~ pericolelor marii - (asig. mar.) perils of the sea clause ~ ,,permanent in stare de plutire" (mar.) floating/always afloat clause ~ politei fara obiect asigurat - policy proof of interest clause

CLA-CLA

83

~ ,,predarii navei" - (la data si locul mceperii contractului de mchiriere) delivery/disposal clause ~ pretului - price clause ~ razboiului - (asig. mar.) war clause ~ reasigurarii - reinsurance clause ~ riscului de captura si sechestrare (asig. mar.) risk of capture and seizure clause ~ rosie - (prin care vdnzdtorul aflat in deficit poate obtine un avans bancar) red clause ~ salariilor variabile - escalator clause ~ salvarii - (asig. mar.) salvage clause ~ scaderii preturilor - down price clause ~ surplusului - (prin care prima parte a daunei este suportatd de asigurat) (asig.) excess clause ~ timpului nefavorabil - (asig. mar.) weather permitting clause ~ tranzitului - transit clause ~ valorii furnizate - value given clause ~ variatiei preturilor contractuale (corn.) escalator clause ~ zadarnicirii voiajului - (asig. mar.) frustration clause clauza aditionala - (la un contract) rider ~ compromisorie - (mtr-un contract prin care cele doud parti se angajeazd sd supund arbitrilor eventualele litigii) arbitration clause ~ conditionala - proviso ~ contractuala - covenant ~ de arbitraj - arbitration clause ~ de asigurare - insurance clause

~ de asigurare a valorilor supli-mentare disbursement warranty clause ~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance clause ~ de daune-interese - penalty clause ~ de diminuare a pagubelor - (asig. mar.) sue and labour clause ~ de evadare - (mtr-un contract de siibscriere, care ii permite hdncii de investitii sd se elibereze de rdspun-derea de a cumpdra si de a distribin acthmile companiei) (fin.) escape clause ~ de exonerare exoneration, exemption/relieving clause ~ de exonerare de raspundere -(asig.) nonliability clause ~ de garantie - warranty clause ~ de limitare a zonei de navigatie -(de cdtre asigurdtori) trading warranties clause ~ de memorandum - (de limitare ci rdspunderii asigurdtorultd) memorandum clause ~ de negarantie - (asig.) nonwarranty clause ~ de optiune pentru ambele porturi -(de incdrcare si descdrcare) dreading at both ends ~ de optiune pentru portui de incarcare dreading, dreadage ~ de paritate - (fin.) parity/par clause ~ de renuntare - (clauza contractuala care ii permite unei parti sd renunte la o prevedere, in anumite circumstante) waiver clause ~ de revocare (inainte de maturitate} (fin.) call provision ~ de salvare/siguranta - (prevedere a unui acord comercial care ii permite

84

CLA-COA

unei tdri semnatare sd suspende concesiile vamale acordate atunci cdnd nivelul importurilor afecteazd grav productia internd) escape clause ~ de sistare - cease clause ~ de subrogare - subrogation clause ~ de transbordare - transshipment clause ~ de urgentare - (care prevede cd, dacd o datorie nu este achitatd la timp, toate platile viitoare devin imediat scadente) acceleration clause ~ exceptionala exceptional clause ~ fara efect inoperative clause ~ implicita - implied term ~ ipotecara negativa - (angajamentui unui debitor fata de creditorul sdu de a nu constitui o ipotecd imobiliard in folosul unei terte persoane) negative mortgage security clause ~ multivalutara multicurrency clause ~ nula - void/invalid clause ~ restrictiva - restrictive/saving clause ~ reziduala/restanta - (privitoare la legatarul universal) (dr.) residuary clause ~ rezolutorie - (dr.) avoidance clause, defeasance ~ suplimentara de asigurare -insurance rider ~ valutara - exchange clause clauze de asigurare a marfurilor -(stabilite de Institutui Asigurdtorilor Maritimi din Londra) Institute cargo clauses ~ de asigurare in timp (a corpului 51 a marfil) - (stabilite de Institutui Asigurdtorilor Maritimi din Londra) Institute time clauses (hull and cargo) cladire s.f. building; (cu \'fcn, instalafii etc.) premises

~ administrativa/cu birouri - office building client s.m. customer; shopper; (al unui avocat, al unui arhitect etc.) client ~ care plateste in numerar - cash customer ~ care se tocmeste mult - haggler ~ dubios - doubtful client ~ obisnuit/permanent - regular/ permanent customer ~ potential - potential/prospective customer ~ sigur/serios - safe customer ~ solvabil - trustworthy customer a fi clientui - {unui magazin) to deal at clientela s.f. clientele, clientage, connection; (pbisnuita) custom; (de medic sau avocat) practice, clientele a-si crea o ~ - to build up a connection cliring s.n. (tehnicd de compensare a obligatiilor reciproce intre doi parteneri constdnd in compararea creantelor cu obligatiile dintre ei, pe baza unor reglementdri prealabile) clearing ~ bancar - bank clearing dona s.f. (produs identic cu altui) clone club s.n. 1. (asociafie) club 2. (local) club house ~ de asigurare mutuala - (asociafie de armatori care sunt in acelasi timp asigurati si asigurdtori) (asig. mar.) insurance club ~ de investitii - (asocierea mat multor persoane cu scopul de a constitui un portofoliu de investitii) investment club ~ nautic - boating club ~ turistic - touring club coachizitie s.f, joint purchase coalitie s.f. coalition, union; (cartel ring

COA-COI

85

~ a comerciantilor - (pentru fixarea unor preturi) price ring ~ a licitantilor bidders'/bidding ring coarmator s.m. (mar.) joint/part owner coasigurare s.f. coinsurance coasociat s.m. copartner, joint partner coca s.f. (corp de navd si aeronava) (asig.) hull cocreditor s.m. joint creditor cocserie s.f. coke works, coking plant cods.n. code ~ al muncii - labour code ~ civil - civil code ~ comercial - commercial code ~ de bare - (pe un produs) bar code ~ de procedura penala - code of criminal procedure ~ fiscal - fiscal code ~ maritim navigation act/laws ~ penal penal/criminal code ~ personal de identificare - (la bancomaf) personal identification number ~ postal - postal code; (SUA) zip code ~ silvic - forest code/laws coduri de conduita - (seturi de reguli pentru comportamentui din diferite profesiuni} codes of conduct codebitor s.m. joint debtor codirector s.m. joint manager coeficient s.m. coefficient; ratio, rate, factor ~ al elasticitatii cererii/ofertei -(mijioc de mdsurare a elasticitatii ce-rerii sau a ofertei in functie de modi-ficarea unui factor) coefficient of demand/supply elasticity ~ alfa (evaluarea ratei de renta-bilitate a actiunilor unei societdti fdrd raportarea la indicele pietei bursiere) alpha coefficient/factor

~ beta - (coeficient care aratd mdsura in care rata de rehabilitate a actiunilor unei societdti variazd in functie de rata de rehabilitate a indicelui pietei bursiere) beta coefficient/factor ~ de acoperire (raportui, prevdzut de lege, dintre fondurile proprii ale unei band si ansamblul angajamentelor ei) cover ratio ~ de capitalizare bursiera - (raportui dintre pretui unei societdti la bursd si beneficiile ei) price-earnings ratio ~ de exploatare - working coefficient ~ de incarcare - load/cargo coefficient ~ de indatorare - (raportui dintre datoriile pe termen mediu si lung si capitalurile permanente) debt ratio ~ de lichiditate (raportui dintre activele lichide si datoriile curente ale uneifirme) liquidity/current ratio ~ de randament - output coefficient/ factor ~ de rise - risk coefficient ~ de siguranta safety coefficient ~ de tonaj - tonnage coefficient ~ marginal al capitalului (raportui dintre cresterea stocului de capital dintr-o anumitd perioadd de timp si cresterea rezultatelor productiei in acelasi interval de timp) marginal capital coefficient coeficienti de salarizare - wage rates cofondator s.m. joint founder cogestiune s.f. joint management cointeresa v.t. (in) to draw (in) ~ pe cineva intr-o afacere to give smb. a joint interest in an affair cointeresare s.f. drawing in; (mate-riala) incentive ~ financiara - financial incentive

86

COI-COM

~ financiara a salariatilor - (in performantele societdtii in care lucreaza) employee involvement cointeresat adj. having/sharing a joint interest in smth. colaps s.n. collapse a intra in ~ - to collapse colecta v.t. (impozite, taxe) to collect, to raise, to get in colectare s.f. collection ~ a impozitelor - tax collection colecta s.f. collection, subscription a face o ~ - to make a collection, to raise a subscription/collection colectiv adj. collective, joint s.n. collective (body), group; staff; personnel ~ de redactie - editorial staff colectivism s.n. collectivism colectivist s.m. collectivist, collective farmer colectiviza v.i. to collectivize colectie s.f. collection ~ de mostre - sample assortment/ collection, collection/set of samples colectiona v.t. to collect colectionar^./n. collector colets.n. parcel, package ~ cu tara calculata - tarer ~ cu valoare declarata - registered parcel ~ expres express parcel ~ fara valoare declarata - uninsured parcel ~ greu ~ heavy(-lift) package ~ postal - post parcel a expedia un ~ - to post a parcel coletarie s.f. parcel delivery service, parcel post/deSivery/traffic

coliziune s.f. (asig. mar.) collision, abordage, encounter; (intre o navd in mars si una stationata} allision ~ accidentals! - accidental collision ~ iminenta - imminent impact ~ inevitabila - inevitable/inherent collision ~ la acostare - berthing collision ~ la remorca - collision in tow ~ pe fluviu - river collision ~ pe mare - sea collision coloana s.f. column ~ a activelor - (cont.) assets side ~ a debitului - (cont.) debit column ~ diverse - {cont.) sundries column colonial adj. colonial colonialism s. n. colonialism colonie s.f. colony; (asezare) colony, settlement colorant s.m. dyestuff, colouring matter coloranti alimentari - food colours colportaj s.n. {corner} mdrunt) dicker coluziune s.f. (cooperare intre firme
independents pentru a influenta

concurenta) collusion comanda v.t. to order; {mdrfun) to indent ~ prin pota - to send away for comandant.s'.w. commander; captain ~ brevetat - (in marina comerciald) certificated master ~ de cabotier - skipper ~ de nava comerciala - shipmaster. captain, master mariner, merchant captain - de nava maritima - sea captain ~ de pescador - skipper comandat adj. {dar nelivrut) on order comanda s.f. (coin.) order; (de marfa, nai ales din. sirainatate} indent

COM-COM

87

~ acceptata - order in hand ~ de proba - trial/sample order ~ de tonaj - (mar.) indent for space ~ directa - direct order ~ discretionara/la apreciere - (cdtre broker de a cwnpdra, in limita sumei la dispozitie, actiunile pe care acesta Ie alege) (bur.) discretionary order ~ executata la preturi diferentiale (bur.) split order ~ externa - foreign order ~ ferma - definite/firm order ~ generala/nespecificata - blanket order ~ guvernamentaia/de stat - order for government account, public procurement ~ la alegerea expeditoruiui - open indent ~ mare - heavy order ~ neexecutata - backlog/unfilled order ~ permanenta - (pentru acelea^i marfuri) perpetual order ~ prin po$ta - mail order ~ repetata - repeat order ~ scrisa - order in writing ~ speciala - special order ~ urgenta - rush/pressing order comenzi inutile - {pentru a e\"ita trecerea muncitoriior in ^omaj) make-work a face o comanda - to place an order facut pe ~ - custom-built/'-make comanditar s.m. donnaiit/sleeping inactive/iimited/latenvsilent/ undisclosed partner comanditat s.m. aclive/aclinp/workin;.; ordinary pai-tns! comandita pannersl'su-

comasa v.t. (beneficii, fondun, inter ese, riscuri) to pool comasare s.f. (de beneficii, foiiduri. interese, riscuri) pooling combate v.t. to combat, to control, to fight against combatere s.f. control, fighting ~ a contrabandei - contraband control ~ a mirosurilor nedorite - odour control ~ a poluarii cu petrol ~ oil pollution action combinare s.f. combination ~ a factorilor de productie - (modu-litate de combinare a factofilor etc productie sub aspect cuntitaliv, structural yi calilativ in raport cu naturci activitdtii economice) combination ol' production inputs ~ a intereselor - (melodd contabilu pentru combinarea situatiilor conlabiu' a doud jirme care fiizioneazd) pooling of interests ~ orizontala (fuziunea organizaiiilt>r in aceea^i companie sau mir-unci similard, opiisd integrant verticalc-i liorizontal combinatioii/integration --- verticaia - (reiinirea in cadrul HIH': orgaiiizatii a innii i^riip c/e opei'diiuin care se succed, intesrarea prodnclsi." cu sursele ae aprovizionare fi cu pirtele de desfacerc) vertical combination integration combustibit adj. combustible s.n. ruei - antiinflarnabij - h'^ergolic fuel - cunvciitional - coi'jvcntionai hies - Qe carbuni - cort! isiei - .i.:;;'"1-.'; ' ' ;il;ie!lKil(Ou'-i;l!,.jc rue; -1 ;u's'ii,u - iuei oli. iiuu!i"i/0i! h.ic^

88

CAL-CAM

~ solid - solid fuel comercial adj. commercial, trading, trade..., business...; mercantile comercializa v.t. to commercialize, to market, to merchandise comercializare s.f. commercialization, marketing, merchandising ~ experimentala - (pe o piatd restrdnsd) test marketing comerciant s.m. trader, dealer, tradesman; (angrosist, mai ales in relatiile cu strdindtatea, sau detaiUst) merchant; (cu magazin) shopkeeper, shopman; (care vinde in rate/pe credit) tallyman; (de imbrdcdminte, echipament) outfitter ~ afiliat - merchant member ~ angrosist - warehouseman; (mai ales in relatiile cu strdindtatea) merchant ~ comisionar - commission merchant ~ cu amanuntui - retail dealer, retailer ~ cu livrarea imediata a marfii - spot trader ~ cu retea de distribute - chain merchant ~ de cereale - (cu amanuntui) corn chandler; (cu ridicata) corn dealer ~ de marfuri de ocazie - second-hand dealer ~ de marfuri generale - general dealer ~ de textile - draper ~ de vinuri - vintner comert s.n. trade, commerce, traffic; (in magazin) shopkeeping ~ ambulant - (de mdruntisuri) pedlary, peddlery ~ angro/cu ridicata - wholesale/direct trade ~ colonial - colonial trade ~ cu amanuntul/in detaliu - retail trade

~ cu articole de lux - luxury trade ~ cu cereale - corn/grain trade ~ cu materiale navale - ship chandlery ~ cu textile - drapery ~ cu vinuri - vintnery ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting/ coastwise trade ~ de cherestea - timber trade ~ de contrabands - contraband/ smuggling trade ~ de export - export trade ~ de import - import trade ~ de legume si fructe - greengrocery ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk trade ~ de schimb - barter trade ~ de stat - state/govemment/public trade ~ de tranzit - transit/entrepot trade ~ exterior - foreign/external trade; {mar.) outward/overseas trade ~ ilicit - illicit trade ~ interior - domestic/intemal/home trade; (mar.) inland/home trade ~ intermediar/de reexport intermediary/intermediate/reexport trade ~ international - international trade ~ interstatal - (SUA) interstate commerce ~ invizibil - (sectoral serviciilor) invisible trade ~ in compensatie - compensation trade ~ in rate/pe credit - tally system/trade ~ infloritor - flourishing trade ~ liber - free trade ~ licit - lawful trade ~ Umitrof/de frontiers - frontier trade traffic ~ local/regional - local trade

CAM-COM

89

~ maritim - commercial shipping, maritime commerce/trade, sea/seabome trade ~ marunt - dicker ~ mondial - world trade ~ multilateral - multilateral trade ~ neautorizat - unauthorized trade ~ pasiv - (transportui mdrfurilor de export cu navele altei tdri) (mar.) passive commerce ~ prin po$ta - postal trade ~ sezonier - seasonal trade ~ stradal - kerb trade ~ trilateral - trilateral trade ~ triunghiular - (tranzactie switch fdcutd la export, realizatd in devize printr-o a treia tar a pentru eludarea reglementdrilor valutare) switch deal/transaction a face- - to (carry on) trade a face ~ ambulant - to peddle a face ~ angro - to deal wholesale a face ~ cu - to trade in a face ~ cu maruntiuri - to haberdash a face ~ intens - to carry on a good/roaring trade comis-voiajor s.m. commercial traveller, travelling salesman, drummer comisars.m. commissioner ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) average agent/commissioner comisie s.f. commission, committee, board ~ bugetara - budget committee; (SUA) committee of ways and means ~ comuna - (formatd din reprezentantii mai multor organizatii) joint committee

~ de ancheta - committee of inquiry, investigation committee, fact-finding board ~ de cenzori - audit(ing) committee ~ de control - control commission/ committee ~ de examen - examining board, board of examiners ~ de litigii - conflict/dispute committee ~ de lucru - working party ~ de mandate - credentials committee ~ de redactare - editing panel ~ electorala - election committee ~ financiara - (SUA) committee of supply ~ mixta - (CM membri din camera fi senat) joint committee ~ parlamentara - parliamentary committee ~ permanenta - standing committee comision s.n. 1. commission, allowance; {de intermediere) factorage 2. (insdrcinare) errand, message ~ bancar - bank commission ~ de adresa - (pidtit de navd in portnl de descdrcare) {mar.) address commission ~ de asigurare - (pidtit agentului de asigurdri) insurance commission ~ de brokeraj - brokerage commission ~ de navlosire - (mar.) charter commission, ship brokerage ~ de reprezentare - agency fee ~ de subscriere - underwriting commission ~ de vanzari - selling brokerage/ commission ~ del credere - del credere commission ~ pentru mandatare - trust cost ~ pentru terti - commission past us

90

COM-COM

~ per lot - (ydndut la licitatie) lot money a face un ~ - to take orders on commission a merge cu un ~ - to go on errand comisionar s.in. 1. (commission) agent 2. (intermediar) factor, middleman; (curler, persoand care face diverse servicii) commissionaire; (bdiat) eirand boy, street porter ~ de export - export commission agent ~ portuar runner comitets.n. committee, board ~ consultativ - advisory board' commission - de conducere - executive/managing committee ~ de greva - strike committee ~ de initiativa - steering committee ~ de redactie - editorial board ~ executiv - executive committee - financiar - (SUA) committee of ways and means - interimar - interim committee ~ ora^enesc city/town committee ~ permanent - standing committee ~ provizoriu - temporary committee -- sindical - trade-union committee; (de intreprindere) local trade-union committee a face parte din ~ /a fi in ~ - to sit on/to be on the committee como$tenitor s.'n. joint heir, coheir. parcener companie s.f. company '- comerciala - trading company -- cu unitati de productie multiple/ endependeiiif 1- n-niiupie dr.isio'i c'''iJ,i"):iny <i': ;.s'.."eiu'l^tr;l - msurai'u;.^ ,..t.unpa''v " -^\ ^^t ferasc - raiiv/;". ..f;s^.".ii\-''

~ de factaj/mesagerie - parcel delivery company, express company ~ de nave de linie - liner company ~ de navigatie - shipping/navigation company ~ de navigatie fluviala - river shipping company ~ de navigatie maritima - sea trading company ~ de petroliere - tanker company "- de remorcaj - (mar.) towage company ~ de saivare - (mar.} salvage company - de stivuire - (mar.) stevedoring company ~ de transport de mobila - removal contractor(s) ~ de transporturi aeriene - airlines, airways ~ holding - holding company ~- operationala - (filiala iinui holding) operating company - orientata spre productia realizabila -- (,s'i' nil spre cea cerutd) production-onented compaiiy '- petroliera - o''i company - secundara - (care nil este lider intr-un amimit domenhi) follower compensa v./. 1. (pentrii) to com-peiisate (for), to mdemr)ify(tor) 2. (a echilibra, a contrubalansa) to counterbalance, to countervail, to offset 3, (un cec printr-o casd de coinpefisatie) to clear; (o chitone) to set off; {fondid vaiiitar) to equalize ~ o pierdere - to make good a loss compensare .'./'.' i 'r; i conipensaiion. re"-':U'nsos

COM-COM

datoriilor) setoff; {regularizare a fondului valutar) equalization ~ a cecurilor - cheque clearing. ~ interbancara a creditelor - credit clearing compensator(iu) adj. compensatory compensatie s.f. 1. compensation, indemnification, indemnity, consideration, remedy; pi. reparations 2. {cliring) clearing ~ executorie - executory consideration ~ pentru concediere/desfacerea contractului de munca - severance pay competent adj. competent, efficient, proficient competenta s.f. 1. competence, proficiency, ability 2. (dr.) competence, competency, jurisdiction ~ a conducerii de a lua decizii management discretion ~ de baza (a unei societdti) {man.) core competence ~ de decizie - decision making ~ distinctiva {man.) distinctive competence competitiv adj. competitive competitivitate s.f. competitiveness competitie s.f. competition ~ pura/perfecta - pure competition complementar adj. complementary complet adj. complete adv. completely ~ asamblat {despre utilaje care, la vdnzare, sunt gata de folosintd imediatd) completely built up ~ dezasamblat - {despre utilaje livrate dezasamblate} completely knocked down completa v.t. to (make) complete, to supplement: (o suma, o cantilute) to make up; (iin cec) to write out; (un

document, im cec) to fill in; {SUA) to fill out complex s. 11. complex ~ comercial - trading estate ~ industrial - industrial complex ~ portuar - port complex comportament^./i. behaviour ~ al consumatorului - consumer behaviour ~ al producatorului - producer behaviour ~ competitiv - competitive behaviour ~ organizational - organizational behaviour ~ strategic - {al unei firme in vedereu obtinerii de profituri maxime) strategic behaviour comportare s.f. behaviour, conduct ~ corecta - {in afaceri) fair dealing compostor s.n. numbering machine; dating stamp, dater -" de bilete - ticket nipper compozit adj. composite compromis s.n. compromise: arrangement, agreement, settlement; give-and-take; {realizat in fadrul negocierilor) tradeoff ~ de avarie - {asig. mar.) average agreement ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) average bond computer s.n. computer computeriza v.t. to computerize comun adj. common; (ohstesc) communal comunal adj. communal comunicat s.n. (oficial) official statement ~ de presa - handout comunismi'./i. communism coniunitate s.f. conimunitv

92

COM-CON

~ de afaceri - business community ~ de bunuri - communal estate, community property/regime ~ de interese - community of interests ~ de natiuni - commonwealth Comunitatea Britanica de Natiuni Commonwealth of Nations concedia v.t. to dismiss, to discharge; (temporar datoritd lipsei comenzilor) to lay off concediere s.f. dismissal, discharge;
(temporara datoritd lipsei comenzilor)

layoff ~ disciplinara - summary dismissal ~ nejustificata/ilegala - wrongful dismissal concediu s.n. leave (of absence); (yacanta) holiday(s); (SUA) vacation ~ cu plata - holidays with pay, paid/privilege leave ~ de boala - sick leave ~ de odihna - annual leave ~ fara plata - holidays without pay ~ pentru motive personale compassionate leave concentrare s.f. (proces prin care sectoarele economice sunt tot maiputernic dominate de cdteva firme mart) concentration ~ a capitalului - Concentration of capital ~ a cumparatorilor - (pe o piatd) buyer concentration ~ a industriei - (concentrarea unor
sectoare industriale in anumite zone in functie de sursele de materii prime,

profilul pietelor etc.) concentration of industry ~ a livrarilor - (de materie primd cdtre un sector industrial in mdna

catorva furnizori) supplier concentration ~ a productiei - production concentration ~ -conglomerat a productiei -(miscarea de absorbtie, disparitie, fu-ziuni, amplificare a sistemului partici-patiilor financiare, cumpdrare a pa-chetelor majoritare de actiuni etc.) conglomerate concentration of production ~ fmanciara - (forma de concentrare, crestere a capitalului firmei} financial concentration ~ orizontala a productiei - (reunirea sub controlul unui centru de decizie a unor unitdti economice care realizeazd un produs sau o grupd de produse) horizontal concentration of production ~ verticals a productiei (gruparea agentilor economici care realizeazd activitdti reprezentdnd diferite stadii in fabricarea unui produs sau a unei grupe de produse sub o conducere comund) vertical concentration of production concepe v.t. (a imagind) to conceive; (a formula) to formulate, to word; (a schita) to draft concept s. n. concept concern s.n. concern concesie s.f. concession a face concesii cuiva - to meet smb. half-way a face ~ reciproce - to make mutual concessions, to give and take concesiona v.t. to grant; to license concesionar s.m. concessionnaire; grantee; licensee ~ de servicii publice - statutory undertaker

CON-CON

93

concesiune s.f. concession; franchise; lease; grant; license ~ a unei cai ferate - railway concession ~ de prospectiune - (pentru desco-perirea zdcdmintelor de hidrocarburi) exploration license ~ forestiera - timber claim ~ miniera - mining claim ~ scurta (yalabild pentru mai putin de 50 de ani) short lease concesor s.m. grantor; licenser conciliere s.f. conciliation concordat s.n. (acord cu creditorii) {dr.) deed of arrangement/assignment, scheme of composition/arrangement between debtor and creditors, legal settlement, private arrangement, composition, bankrupt's certificate concura v.i. (cu) to compete (with) concurent adj. competitive, rival s.m. competitor, rival concurenta s.f. competition, rivalry ~ agresiva - knocking competition ~ care nu se manifests prin preturi -nonprice competition ~ dura/acerba - cutthroat/keen/severe competition ~ imperfecta - imperfect competition ~ libera - free competition ~ loiala - fair competition ~ monopolists monopolistic competition ~ neloiala - unfair competition ~ perfecta - perfect competition concurential adj. competitive condamna v.t. (dr.) to convict, to sentence; (la amendd) to fine; (la plata despdgubirilor, acordarea de daune-interese) to cast

condamnat s.m. convict; (in contu-macie) defaulter condica s.f. book of entry; register ~ de prezenta - attendance book ~ de reclamatii - book of complaints, requests book a trece in ~ - to register conditie s.f. 1. (stare, situatie) condition, situation 2. (clauzd) condition, stipulation;^/, terms 3. (sociald) status, rank ~ implicita - implied condition ~ legala legal condition ~ nula - null and void condition ~ prealabila - prerequisite ~ rezolutorie - (dr.) condition subsequent ~ suspensiva - (dr.) condition precedent conditii acceptabile - fair terms ~ actuale - prevailing conditions ~ ale trasului pentru acceptarea cambiei - terms of acceptance ~ ale unei emisiuni - (fin.) terms of an issue ~ americane - (in comertui cu cereale) American terms ~ atractive - attractive terms ~ contractuale - conditions of contract ~ convenite/stabilite - agreed terms, conditions agreed upon ~ de adeziune - (la o asociatie, un club etc.) conditions of membership ~ de calitate - quality requirements ~ de cartel maritim conference terms ~ de creditare - credit terms ~ de exploatare/functionare -operating conditions ~ de lichidare - (bur.) settlement terms

94

COTM-CON

~ de linie - (mar.) berth/liner terms ~ de livrare - delivery terms, terms of delivery, specifications for delivery; (reduceri de preturi acordate de angrosist detailistilor) temns to trade, trade terms ~ de livrare a secarei/granelor {mar.) rye terms ~ de munca - working conditions ~ de navlosire - (mar.) chartering terms ~ de operare la chei - (mar.) quay terms ~ de plata - payment terms, terms of payment ~ de plata a tratei - draft terms ~ de plata in numerar fara reduceri - terms strictly net cash ~ de plata pentru transport direct through rate ~ de preturi inclusive - inclusive terms ~ de scont - discount terms ~ de vanzare - terms of sale ~ generate de livrare - general delivery terms ~ inacceptabile - unacceptable terms ~ in vigoare - conditions ruling ~ la realizarea unei investitii (impuse investitiilor strdine directe de cdtre guvernul tdrii respective) investment performance requirements ~ nefavorabile unfavourable terms ~ preferentiale - preferential terms ~ tehnice - technical regulations ~ tehnice de calitate - quality specifications, specifications of quality ~ uzuale - usual terms ~ variabile - varying terms ~ vechi/existente - old terms a conveni asupra ~ - to come to terms

a pune ~ - to make terms a-si formula ~ to lay down one's conditions, to make one's terms conditiona v.t. to condition conduce v.t. (a administra) to manage, to direct; (a supraveghea) to supervise, to superintend; (o afacere) to carry on, to run ~ o adunare - to preside over/to chair a meeting conducere s.f. 1. (administrare) administration; managership, leadership; management; (supraveghere) supervision, superintendence; (a unei afaceri) carriage, running 2. (cadre) staff ~ a uzinei - works management ~ centralizata - centralized management ~ colectiva -joint management ~ de proiect integral - integrated project management ~ direct responsabila de indeplinirea obiectivelor intreprinderii line management ~ dupa principiul rezultatelor -(bune sau rele) management by principle ~ generala - general management ~ gresita - mismanagement ~ ierarhica (man.) chain of command ~ imediat superioara salariatilor obi^nuiti - first-line management ~ la nivel mediu - middle management ~ prin eliminare - (a datelor nesem-nificative din bugete sail planuri in scopiil unei corectii) management by exception ~ prin obiective - (pentru o eficientd sporitd) management by objectives

CON-CON

95

~ prin participare - participative management ~ redactionala - editorship ~ superioara - top management ~ unica - one-man/Caesar management conducta s.f. pipe, pipeline ~ de ape reziduale/uzate - waste pipe ~ submarina - (pentru transportui produselor petroliere) submarine/ underwater pipeline, sea pipe conduita s.f. conduct ~ extrem de rea - (a unui angajat, care, in asemenea situatii, este demis imediat) (man.) gross misconduct confectii s.f. pi. ready-made/'-to-wear clothes, store clothes, wear, wearing apparel confectiona v.t. {a fabrica) to manufacture; to work conferinta s.f. 1. (discurs) lecture, speech 2. (adunare) conference; meeting; congress 3. (grad universitar) lectureship ~ de instruire - briefing conference ~ de presa - press conference ~ la nivel inalt summit conference ~ nationala/pe tara nation-wide/all--country conference ~ telefonica - conference call a tine o ~ - to give/to deliver a lecture confidential adj. confidential; (secret) secret adv. confidentially, privately confidentialitate s.f. confidentiality conHrma v.t. to confirm; to acknowledge ~ o tire - to confirm a piece of news ~ primirea unei scrisori - to acknowledge the receipt of a letter confirmare s.f. confirmation, acknowledgement

~ a comenzii - acknowledgement of order ~ a creditului - advice of credit ~ a greutatii - (mdr/ii) acknowledgement of weight ~ a tranzactiei - advice of deal ~ de primire - acknowledgement of receipt confisca v.t. to confiscate, to seize confiscare s.f. confiscation, seizure ~ a marfurilor nedeclarate in vama seizure of goods not declared to the customs ~ de actiuni (subscrise si nepldtite la termenul scadent) forfeiture of shares conflict 5. n. conflict ~ de competenta/jurisdictie - (dr.) concurrence of jurisdiction ~ de delimitare - (dezacord apdrut nitre sindicate cu privire la ce categoric de muncitori ar trebui sd execute anumite tipuri de lucrdri) demarcation dispute ~ de interese - conflict of interests ~ de legi - adversity/conflict of laws ~ de munca - industrial/labour dispute ~ de retea (apdrut mtre membrii unei retele de distributie) channel conflict conform adj. (cu) conformable (to), true (to), according (to), corresponding (to) prep. according to, in accordance/ keeping/agreement with, in conformity/ compliance with; (datoritd) owing to ~ avizului - (^m^^v^^^ per advice ~ comenzii dvs. - in conformity/ compliance with your order ~ contului remis - as per account rendered ~ copiei anexate - as per copy enclosed

96

CON-CON

~ cu originalul - corresponding/ conformable to the original ~ darii de seama anexate - as per statement enclosed ~ facturii - as per invoice ~ legii - according to the law ~ mostrei - as per sample, up to sample ~ planului - according to plan ~ uzului - (corn.) as customary conforma v.r. to comply with congela v.t. to freeze, to refrigerate congelare s.f. freezing, refrigeration ~ rapida - quick freezing conglomerat s.n. (forma de concentrare, de integrare sub controlul unui centru de decizie a unor unitdti economice cu profil fi activitdti diferite) conglomerate congress.n. congress conjunctura s.f. (economicd) conjuncture ~ a pietei - market condition/position conosament s.n. (mar.) bill of lading, freight document ~ colectiv - general/omnibus bill of lading ~ curat/fara rezerve/mentiuni - clean bill of lading ~ de linie - liner bill of lading ~ de primire - (marfuri recepfionate, dar neincdrcate) received bill of lading ~ direct - direct/through bill of lading ~ fluvial - river bill of lading ~ fractional - delivery/landing order ~ la ordin - order/port bill of lading ~ la purtator - blank/bearer bill of lading ~ murdar/cu rezerve/mentiuni - (cu menfiunea receptiondrii mdrfii in stare necorespunzdtoare/improprie)

dirty/foul/unclean/claused/qualified bill of lading ~ nominal - straight bill of lading ~ nou - fresh bill of lading ~ oceanic - ocean bill of lading ~ original - original bill of lading ~ partial - (pentru o partidd de mar/a) parcel bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri de export - outward bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri de import - inward bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri incarcate ship/ship's/shipped bill of lading ~ pentru marfuri neincarcate - (care urmeazd a fi incarcate} received-for-shipment bill of lading ~ -tip - uniform bill of lading consemna v.t. 1. (bani) to deposit 2. (a incredinta, a da marfuri spre pdstrare) to consign 3. (a inregistrd) to register, to record, to write down conserva v.t. (in cutii de conserve) to can, to tin conserve s.f. pi. tinned food; (SUA) canned food consignatar s.m. consignee; depositary, depository consignator s.m. consignor, consigner; depositor consignatie s.f. (de marfuri) consignment (of goods) consilier s.m. 1. adviser, consultant 2. (membru al unui consiliu) councillor ~ comunal/municipal - town councillor ~ economic - economic adviser ~ fiscal - tax consultant ~ juridic - legal/law adviser ~ tehnic - technical adviser consiliu s.n. council, board

CON-CON

97

~ comunal/municipal/orasenesc town council ~ de administratie - board of directors, managing board, directorate ~ de arbitraj - conciliation board ~ de tutela - board of trustees ~ districtual/regional - district council ~ valutar - currency board consolida v.t. 1. to consolidate, to strenghten 2. (fin.) (p datorie) to fund; (datoria publicd) to consolidate 3. (a centraliza, a Integra bilanturile filia-lelor unei societdti-mamd in bilantui global care devine bilant consolidaf) (cont.) to consolidate v.r. (despre cursul actiunilor) (bur.) to consolidate consolidare s.f. 1. (fin.) (a datoriilor) funding; (a datoriei publice) consolidation 2. (centralizare, abordare in grup a unei societdfi-mamd cu filialele ei in scopuri contabile) consolidation 3. (stabilizarea cursului actiunilor} (bur.) consolidation 4. (stingerea unui drept de uzufruct prin intrunirea, in aceeasi persoand, a calitdtii de uzu-fructuar si de nud proprietor) (dr.) consolidation consor(iu.?./?. consortium, syndicate constitui v.t. to constitute; (a forma, a infiinta) to form constituire s.f. constitution; (formare, infiintare) formation ~ a unei societati - company formation ~ a unui fond de rezerva - formation of a reserve fund constituit adj. constituted ~ sub forma unei corporatii -incorporate, incorporated

constrange v.t. 1. (a sili) to constrain, to oblige; (aforfa) to compel, to force 2. (dr.) to coerce; to bind over constrangere s.f. 1. compulsion; constraint, restraint; (restricfie) restriction 2. (legald) coercition; binding over 3. (exercitatd pentru semnarea unui contract) duress ~ a vanzatorilor descoperiti - (care vdnd la termen fard acoperire, obligati sd cumpere in pierdere pentru a face fata angajamentelor contractuale) (bur.) bear squeeze ~ aplicata de autoritati - (asupra navei) restraint of authorities ~ bugetara - budget constraint ~ si retinere - (a navei) restraint and detainment constructor s.m. builder, constructor; (antreprenor) building contractor ~ de masini navale - marine engineer ~ naval - shipbuilder, naval architect/constructor constructie s.f. 1. (construire) building, construction 2. (cladire) building, construction, structure; (lucrare) development ~ de automobile automotive engineering ~ de drumuri - road building/making ~ de masini mechanical engineering constructii civile - civil engineering ~ navale - shipbuilding, ship construction, naval construction/ architecture ~ navale civile - civil shipbuilding construi v./. to build, to construct; to engineer construire s.f. building, construction;
engineering

98

CON-CON

~ a unei pozitii - (prin cumpdrarea

treptatd de actiuni pentru a evita

creterea bruscd a pretului lor) (bur.) position building consuls. m. consul ~ general - consul general consular adj. consular consulat s.n. consulate, consular office ~ general - consulate general consultant adj. consulting s.m. consultant, adviser ~ managerial - management consultant consultants s.f. consulting, counselling ~ financiara - financial counselling ~ in sectorul promovarilor - (intr-o firmd) (man.) career counselling consultativ adj. consultative, advisory a avea vot ~ - to be present in an
advisory capacity, to have advisory vote

~ public - public consumption ~ specific - specific consumption ~ zilnic - daily consumption consuma v.t. 1. (a folosi) to use; (a risipi) to waste 2. (energie) to consume, to use up 3. (a epuiza) to spend, to exhaust consumator s.m. consumer; (final) end-user ~ de capital (despre ramurile si
activitdtile industrials care necesitd un

consume./i. consumption ~ de capital - capital consumption ~ de combustibil - fuel consumption ~ final/de produse finale - final consumption ~ intermediar (de bunuri economice pentru a produce alte bunuri) intermediate consumption ~ intern - domestic/home consumption ~ intraramuri - (cont.) intrabranch consumption ~ national - national consumption ~ neproductiv - unproductive consumption ~ ostentativ - (nemotivat de necesitdti, stimulat de dorinta confirmdrii unei pozitii sociale superioare) conspicuous consumption ~ privat - private consumption ~ productiv - productive consumption

volum mare de capital pentru a functiona) capital-intensive ~ de forta de munca - (despre ramurile i activitdtile industriale care necesitd un volum mare de forta de mimed) labour-intensive ~ final - end-user, final/ultimate consumer ~ progresist - progressive consumer consumerism s. n. consumerism constientizare s.f. (cunoasterea calitdtilor unui produs de cdtre consumatori) awareness conts.n. account ~ activ - (de operatiuni) active account ~ administrat - (cont bancar investit pe piata financiara) cash management account ~ al clientului - client account ~ al vanzatorului/vanzarilor fara acoperire - short account ~ bancar - bank/banking account ~ blocat - blocked/frozen account ~ comun -joint account ~ creditor - creditor account ~ curent - current account, account current; (in baza cdruia se pot emite cecuri) cheque account; (SUA) checking account ~ de accepte - acceptance account

CON-CON

99

~ de achizitii - purchases account ~ de activ - (cu sold debitor) debit/debtor account ~ de alocare/repartizare - (a profitului net) appropriation account ~ de amortizare - depreciation account ~ de buget - (cont bancar din care se achitd regulat platile curente) budget account ~ de calculare a profitului brut trading/working account ~ de capital - capital account ~ de casa - cash account ~ de cheltuieli - charges account ~ de curing - clearing account ~ de compensatie - offset account ~ de concentrare - {cont de depozit in care se vireazd periodic sume de ban!) concentration account ~ de consignatie - consignment account ~ de control/rectificare - control/ adjustment/total account ~ de creante nerecuperabile - bad debts account ~ de credit - loan account ~ de credit neachitat la scadenta delinquent account ~ de custodie - custody account ~ de depozit - deposit account ~ de depozit la termen - fixed deposit account ~ de depozit la vedere - sight deposit account ~ de economii - savings account; (SUA) thrift account ~ de egalizare a dividendelor - (cdnd se inregistreazd mart variatii ale profiturilor anuale) dividend equalization account

~ de fonduri de rezerva - reserve account ~ de lichidare/decontare - settlement account ~ de modificare a patrimoniului asset liability adjustment account ~ de plati e$alonate - deferred payment account ~ de productie - production account ~ de profit i pierderi - profit/gain and loss account ~ de vanzari - sales account, account sales ~ de venituri/incasari fiscale revenue account ~ de venituri si cheltuieli - income and expediture account ~ de virament - transfer account - deschis - (in baza unui credit) open account ~ descoperit - overdraft ~ detaliat - detailed/specified account ~ din cartea mare - ledger account ~ diverse - sundries/sundry account ~ fara dobanda - noninterest bearing account ~ fiduciar - trust/trustee account ~ inactiv - inactive/dormant/dead account ~ interimar - interim account ~ in credit - (corn.) credit account; (SUA) charge account ~ in tranzit/tranzitoriu - suspense account ~ in valuta - foreign currency account ~ loro (cont deschis de o bancd din strdindtate pentm corespondentiil sdu din alta tard, cu scopul de a mregistra sumele care se incaseazd in folosiil sdu) loro account ~ lunar - (corn.) monthly account

100

CON-CON

~ nesoldat - unbalanced account

~ nostro - (cont deschis de o bancd la corespondentui sdu din strdindtate, in care se tnregistreazd toate operathmile bdncii titulare) nostro account

data cu modificarea vdnzdrilor)

~ numeric - numbered account ~ particular - private account ~ personal - personal/private account; (de retragere de fonduri al proprietarului unei afaceri) drawings account

~ provizoriu - provisional account ~ remis - account rendered ~ special/separat - special/separate account ~ specificat - itemized account ~ transferabil - transferable account ~ vostro - (conturile bdncilor-corespondent deschise la o boned
data) vostro account

conturi ale activitatii agentilor economici - economic activity accounts ~ ale sectoarelor economice economic sectors accounts ~ anuale/finale - annual accounts ~ consolidate - consolidated accounts ~ de creante - accounts receivable ~ de datorii - accounts payable ~ de grup - group accounts ~ de plata a impozitelor - (SUA) Treasury tax and loan accounts ~ debitoare - outstandings ~ impersonale - impersonal accounts ~ manageriale - management accounts ~ nominale - nominal accounts ~ pe doua rubrici - two-sided accounts ~ reale - real accounts ~ spontane - (conturi din bilanf si
situatia venitului care se schimbd o

spontaneous accounts a trece in cont - to carry to account a trece in contui cuiva - to place/to carry to smb.'s account contabil-y.m. bookkeeper, accountant ~ atestat/autorizat - certified accountant; (in Marea Britanie) chartered accountant ~ managerial atestat/autorizat (care lucreazd in sectorul afacerilor) (SUA) certified management accountant ~ public/autorizat - public accountant ~ public atestat/autorizat - (SUA) certified public accountant contabilitate s.f. 1. bookkeeping, accounting, accountancy 2. (serviciu) accounting department ~ a costurilor - cost accounting ~ a costurilor curente/de inflatie current cost accounting ~ a fuziunii - merger accounting ~ creatoare - creative accounting ~ de amortizare - depreciation accounting - de inflatie - inflation accounting ~ fara cifre - (bazatd pe simboluri, pentru uzul conducerii) figureless accounts ~ financiara - financial accounting ~ integrata - integrated accounting ~ in partida dubia - double-entry bookkeeping ~ in partida simpla - single-entry bookkeeping ~ manageriala - (date in baza cdrora se asigurd conducerea, planificarea, sarcinile administrative) managerial/ management accounting ~ nationala - national accounting

60

CAL-CAM.

cale s.f. 1. (drum) road, street; (ruta) route 2. (w .se/iy abstract) way, path, course 3. (mijioc) way, means ~ de apa navigabila - navigable waterway ~ de navigatie interioara - inland waterway ~ ferata - rail, railway; (SUA) railroad ~ ferata uzinala - yard track, works/factory railway ~ maritima - sea road, seaway ~ maritima costiera - coastwise sea lane cai de comunicatie - lines of communication ~ si mijioace - ways and means calendar s.n. calendar calfa s.f. journeyman calificare s.f. qualification; (a muncitorilor) skill ~ la locul de munca - training at the job calificat adj. qualified; skilled calitate s.f. 1. (msusire) quality; property, attribute; asset; (caracteristica) (distinctive) feature, characteristic 2. (fel) sort, kind; grade 3. (a unei obligatiuni, care exprimd gradul de rise pentru investitor) quality ~ a conducerii de a lua decizii management discretion ~ a produsului - product quality ~ a vietii - quality of life ~ acceptabila - fair quality ~ buna - sound quality ~ comerciala - commercial quality/ grade ~ conform mostrei - quality as per sample ~ de asociat/partener - partnership ~ de membru - membership

~ dubia - (a brokerilor de a lucra ca intermediari sau pe cont propriu} (bur.) dual capacity ~ functionala - functional quality ~ inferioara - low/cheap quality ~ ireprosabila - perfect quality ~ la incarcare - {mar.) shipped quality ~ medie - medium/average quality ~ medie buna - (despre grdu) fair average quality ~ mediocra - poor quality ~ standard - standard quality/grade ~ stipulata/convenita - stipulated quality ~ superioara - prime/superior/high first quality, fineness ~ totala - (man.) total quality ~ vandabila - merchantable quality calitativ adj. qualitative calm s.n. (pepiata bursiera) doldrums camata s.f. usury cambial adj. bill... cambie s.f. bill (of exchange) ~ acceptata - accepted bill ~ andosata - backed/endorsed bill ~ bancara - bank/banker's bill. finance bill ~ comerciala - commercial/trade bill. two-name paper ~ cu scadenta depaita - overdue past-due bill ~ cu scadenta fixa - fixed-date bill ~ curata/fara rezerve/mentiuni clean bill of exchange ~ de clasa tntai - fine bank/trade bill. prime/respectable bill ~ de complezenta - accommodation bill, kite ~ de investitie - investment bill ~ domiciliata - domiciled bill

CON-CON

101

~ prudenta - conservative accounting ~ tabulara - tabular bookkeeping a tine contabilitatea - to keep the books container s.n. container ~ celular - (pentru portcontainere cu celule) nesting-type container ~ combinat - (din aluminiu si otel) combined aluminium-steel container ~ de aluminiu - all-aluminium container ~ de mare capacitate - van container ~ de marfa - cargo/freight container ~ de transbordare - transfer container ~ de tranzit - noncaptive van container ~ de vagon - van container ~ demontabil - demountable container ~ deschis/fara capac - (pentru mdrfuri in vrac) open(-top) container ~ ermetic/etan? - watertight container, lift van ~ fara marfa - empty container ~ flexibil - (pentru lichide) flexible container ~ frigorific - refrigerated container ~ izotermic - insulated container ~ nereturnabil - single-trip/disposal container ~ pentru lichide - fluid container ~ pentru marfa m vrac - bulk container ~ pentru marfa uscata - dry freight container ~ pentru pachete - packaged container ~ pentru paleti - pallet container ~ pentru transporturi maritime shipping container ~ -platforma - platform container ~ returnabil - returnable container

~ reversibil - reversing container ~ sigilat - sealed container ~ standardizat - standardized/ISO container ~ stivuibil - stowable cargo container ~ -slep - floating barge container ~ - tanc - tank container containeriza v.t. to containerize containerizabil adj. containerizable containerizare s.f. containerization ~ ,,chei la chei" - (mar.) pier-to-pier containerization contamina v.t. to contaminate; to pollute contaminare s.f. (a caricului, m special cu apd de mare) (asig. mar.) contamination; pollution ~ cu praf- (a mdrfurilor) dust damage contango s.n. (la bursa de valori, amdnarea achitdrii unei datorii, prin plata unei dobanzi, pand la urmdtoarea lichidare; la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui spot si pretui forward sau futures) contango, continuation contencios adj. contentious s.n. claim department, disputed claims office, legal/law department contesta v.t. to contest, to dispute ~ o creanta - to dispute a debt, to put a claim in issue contingent s.n. (plafon cantitativ ori valoric al importului sau al exportului unor mdrfuri mtr-o anumitd perioada) quota ~ de export - export quota ~ de import - import quota ~ tarifar - tariff quota contingentare s.f. (corn.) quota system contingentat adj. (corn.) subject to quota restrictions

102

CON-CON

contort, n. counter, meter ~ de apa - water meter ~ de gaze - gas meter ~ electric electric meter; (care functioneazd cu monede} slot meter contra prep. against ~ chitanta - on receipt ~ numerar la predare - {corn.) cash and delivery ~ tuturor riscurilor - (asig. mar.) against all risks contrabands s.f. 1. (actiune) smuggling, contraband (trade), illicit trade 2. (mar/a) contraband/smuggled goods ~ absoluta - absolute contraband ~ de arme - gun running ~ de bauturi spirtoase - bootlegging ~ de razboi - war contraband, contraband of war ~ ocazionala - occasional contraband a face- - to smuggle, to carry/to run contraband (goods) contrabandist s.m. smuggler, contrabandist ~ de alcool - bootlegger contracambie s.f. redraft contracont s.n. (cont.) contra contract s.n. contract, agreement, deed, covenant ~ aleatoriu - (asig.) aleatory contract ~ anulabil - cancellable contract ~ asupra pretului de navlu - freight agreement ~ bilateral/sinalagmatic - bilateral/ synallagmatic contract ~ -cadru - skeleton contract ~ colectiv de munca - collective labour agreement ~ consensual - consensual contract ~ cu clauze restrictive - tie-in contract

~ cu optiune (prin care actiuni sau mdrfuri sunt tranzactionate la o data si un pret specificat) option contract ~ cu penalitate fixa - (in cazul cdnd o obligatie contractuald nu este indeplinitd) fixed penalty bond ~ cu titlu gratuit/fara contraprestatie - nude/naked contract ~ de angajare - employment contract; (mar.) ship's/shipping articles, articles of agreement ~ de angajare pe voiaj - (mar.) voyage-to-voyage contract ~ de agentie/comision - contract of agency ~ de arendare - lease ~ de asigurare insurance contract ~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance contract ~ de asociere - articles/deed of partnership, partnership deed ~ de cesiune - deed of assignment ~ de colaborare - (prin care o companie angajeazd o persoand intr-o functie de conducere) service contract ~ de comision - commission contract ~ de cumparare - purchase deed ~ de depunere in consignatie - (a mdrfurilor) contract of consignment ~ de editare - publishing agreement ~ de emisiune - (acord formal intre emitentnl unor obligatiuni fi detindtorii acestora) indenture ~ de exclusivitate - tying contract ~ de imbarcare pe o nava straina (mar.) foreign agreement ~ de tmprumut maritim - bottomry bond/contract ~ de imprumut maritim cu angajarea marfii - respondentia bond ~ de mchiriere - lease

CON-CON

103

~ de inchiriere a navei - (mar.) charter ~ de inchiriere a navei nude - (fard echipaj fi materiel Ie) (mar.) charter by demise, demise/bare-boat/bare-hull charter ~ de licenta - licence contract ~ de monopol - monopoly contract ~ de munca - labour contract ~ de munca cu specificatia neaderarii sindicale (sub sanctiunea rezilierii) yellow dog contract party ~ de munca pentru o anumita lucrare - fixed job contract ~ de navlosire - (mar.) charter, charter party, carriage/shipping contract, contract of affreightment/carriage, freight contract/agreement ~ de navlosire brut - gross-form charter ~ de navlosire cu navlu global/ forfetar - lump-sum charter ~ de navlosire curat/fara rezerve/ mentiuni - clean charter ~ de navlosire dus-intors - round-trip charter ~ de navlosire pe termen - time charter - de navlosire pe voiaj - single-trip charter ~ de navlosire pe voiaj e consecutive consecutive voyage charter party ~ de navlosire pentru caric uscat dry cargo charter ~ de navlosire tip - uniform charter ~ de reprezentanta - agency contract ~ de societate - memorandum of association ~ de stat - public contract ~ subscriere - underwriting contract

~ de transport al marfurilor pe raspunderea proprietarului - (mar.) bill of adventure ~ de transport in conditii de linie (mar.) berth charter ~ de transport pentru cereale (mar.) grain charter ~ de transport pentru ingrasaminte chimice - (mar.) fertilizer charter ~ de transport pentru marfuri generale - (mar.) general charter ~ de transport pentru minereuri (mar.) ore charter ~ de ucenicie - indenture, articles of apprenticeship ~ de vanzare - bill/deed of sale ~ de vanzare absolut - absolute bill of sale ~ de vanzare conditionata conditional bill of sale ~ de vanzare-cumparare - bargain and sale, deed of conveyance, private treaty ~ de vanzare in rate - easy terms, hire-purchase agreement ~ deschis de navlosire - (fdra indicarea anticipatd a porturilor si a incdrcdturilor) open charter ~ direct/fara intermediar - direct contract ~ divizibil - (cu obligatii independente unele de altele) severable contract ~ dolosiv - (dr.) fraudulent contract ~ executat/terminat - executed contract ~ executoriu - enforceable/executory contract ~ fiduciar - (dr.) trust deed/ instrument, deed of trust ~ formal - formal contract ~ futures - futures contract

104

CON-CON

~ global - package deal ~ implicit/tacit - implied contract ~ inactiv (in care nu au fost trecute numele) dormant deed ~ in antrepriza - (prin care se of era echipament complet si asistentd pentru pornirea imediatd a activitdfii) turnkey contract ~ in curs de derulare - running contract ~ in vigoare - valid contract ~ la termen - forward contract ~ nul si neavenit - null and void contract ~ oneros - onerous contract ~ opresiv - oppressive contract ~ principal de inchiriere - (pentru o proprietate ulterior subinchiriatd) head lease ~ reziliat - void contract ~ secundar - subcontract ~ spot/pentru disponibil - spot contract ~ sub sigiliu privat - contract by deed/under seal, special contract, specialty ~ -tip - standard agreement ~ -tip de navlosire - (mar.) uniform charter ~ unilateral - unilateral/one-sided contract ~ verbal - verbal contract contracte actuale - (ca opus al contractelor futures) actuals ~ financiare futures/la termen financial futures ~ la termen - (contracte de vdnzare
sau cumpa.ra.re de mdrfuri ori active financiare la o data viitoare prestabilitd) futures

a H legat printr-un contract - to be under articles a incheia un ~ - to enter into/to conclude an agreement contracta v.t. (un imprumut, o datorie) to contract, to incur; (o obligatie) to lay oneself under contractant s.m. contractor, contracting party; privy contractual adj. contractual, stipulated by contract contraface v.t. to counterfeit, to forge; to adulterate, to fake up contrafacere s.f. counterfeit, forgery; adulteration, fake contrafacut adj. counterfeit(ed), forged, fake, spurious contragarantie s.f. surety for a surety contragreutate s.f. balance weight, weight equalizer, counterpoise contramanda v.t. to countermand, to cancel, to call off contramandare s.f. countermand, cancellation contramarca s.f. check, counterfoil, heel contraoferta s.f. counteroffer; (la licitatie) counterbid contrapartida s.f. (corn.) countertrade contraprestatie s.f. (dr.) consideration ~ executorie - executory consideration contrasemna v.t., v.i. to countersign contrasemnatura s.f. countersignature contrastalii s.f. pi. (penalizdri) (mar.) demurrage ~ contractuale - liquidated demurrage ~ extraordinare/necontractuale unliquidated demurrage ~ ocazionate/produse - demurrage incurred, incurred demurrage contratrata s.f. redraft

CON-CON

105

contravaloare s.f. equivalent value contravenient s.m. offender, contravener, infringer, transgressor, trespasser contraventie s.f. contravention, infringement, trespass contribuabil s.m. taxpayer, ratepayer, contributor, tax bearer contribui v.i. to contribute contributie s.f. contribution; (bdneascd) share, quota ~ la avaria comuna - (asig. mar.) general average contribution, average bond/payment ~ la coliziune - (asig. mar.) (SUA) hotchpotch ~ pentru pensie - superannuation contribution ~ proportionals (la avaria comuna) rat(e)able contribution control s.n. 1. (financiar, vamal etc.) control; (yerificare) check, checking, checkup; (inspectie) inspection; (examinare) examination; (supraveghere) supervision 2. (exercitat de actionarul sau grupul de acfionari care define mai mult de 50% din actiunile unei societdti) control ~ administrativ - administrative control ~ al creditelor - credit control ~ al managementului bancii (efectuat de banca centrald) bank examination ~ al masei monetare - (exercitat de guvern pentru a limita inflatia) squeeze ~ al navei - (executat de autoritdti) boarding ~ al preturilor - price control ~ al salariilor si al preturilor - wage and price control

~ al statului - state control ~ al venitului/averii - (pentru a vedea dacd se pot acorda unele facilitdti fiscale) means test ~ bugetar - budgetary control ~ contabil - audit ~ de calitate - quality control ~ de pescaj - (mar.) draft/draught survey ~ operativ - (decurgdnd din detinerea a 51% din actiunile unei firme) working control ~ pe loturi standard - standard batch control ~ prin imputerniciti - mandatory control ~ statistic - statistical control ~ tehnic - technical control ~ vamal - customs examination/ inspection/search; (mar.) rummage ~ vamal impotriva contrabandei contraband control controla v.t. 1. to control; (a verified) to verify, to check up; (a inspecta) to inspect; (a examina) to examine; (a supraveghea) to supervise 2. (conturi) to audit 3. (masa monetard) to squeeze ~ piata - to hold the market controlor s.m. 1. (al unei activitdti etc.) supervisor, inspector; examiner; surveyor 2. (revizor contabil) auditor 3. (director economic) controller, comptroller ~ al cantitatii - (in constructii) quantity surveyor ~ de bilete - (c.f.) ticket collector; (in autobuz) ticket inspector ~ de calitate - inspector ~ de masuri si greutati - surveyor of weights and measures

106

CON-COO

~ vamal - preventive officer, searcher, landwaiter ~ vamal de bagaje - luggage inspector continut s.n. 1. {al unui recipient) content(s); (capacitate) capacity 2. (al unui document) tenor ~ de umiditate - moisture content conurbatie s.f. conurbation conveier s.n. (bandd transportoare) conveyer, conveyor, conveyer/ conveyor band/belt convenabil adj. (despre preturi) fair; (acceptable acceptable, admissible conventie s.f. 1. convention; agreement; treaty 2. (concordat, acord intre un debitor si creditorii sdi pri-vilor la lichidarea datoriilor priii plata iinei sume mat mid decdt intreaga datorie angajata) (dr.) composition ~ colectiva de munca - collective labour agreement - de reasigurare - treaty reinsurance ~ pentru evitarea dublei impuneri -double tax avoidance agreement ~ po^tala - postal convention " scrisa - agreement in writing conversie v. conversiune conversiune s.f. (schimbarea condi-tiilor initiale ale unui impruinut, emi-terea de noi tUhiri pentru a inlocui alte titluri) (fin.) conversion - a imprumutului in titluri de valoare - (tendinta marilor societdti de a emite titluri de valoare pentru a nu mai recurge la credite bancare) securitization converti v.t. \o convert ~ m numerar {active, titluri de valoare) to realize convertibil adj. convertible

~ in numerar - (despre active, titluri de valoare) realizable convertibilitate s.f. (fin.) convertibility ~ externa - external convertibility ~ limitata interna - domestic limited convertibility convertire s.f. conversion ~ in numerar - (a activelor, a titlurilor de valoare) realization convoca v.t. (adundri, sedinte etc.) to convene, to assemble, to call together, to summon ~ o intrunire/edinta - to call a meeting ~ un sindicat bancar - (pentru o subscriere) to assemble a banking syndicate convocare s.f convening, assembling, calling together, summons convoi s.n. convoy - de larg - (mar.) offshore convoy ~ de tragere - (c.f.) truck train ~ fluvial - river convoy ~ maritim - maritime convoy convorbire s.f. conversation, talk ~ telefonica - telephone conversation ~ telefonica interurbana - long-distance call, toll/trunk call coopera v.i. (la) to cooperate (in) cooperare s.f. cooperation cooperatist adj. cooperative s.m. cooperative farmer cooperativa s.f. cooperative society ~ agricola - agricultural cooperative, communal agricultural organization ~ agricola de productie - cooperative farm ~ de consum - cooperative shop/store, consumers' cooperative society ~ de credit - credit union/cooperative, cooperative bank

coo-cos
~ de credit local - local financial cooperative cooperativizare s.f. cooperativization cooperatie s.f. cooperative system copartaja v.t. to share jointly copartener s.m. copartner coparticipare s.f. (participare a muncitorilor la beneficii sail la luarea deciziilor in intreprinderea in care lucreazd) worker participation copie s.f. copy; (duplicat) duplicate, tenor, counterpart; (a unui document) draft ~ de conosament - (mar.) copy of bill of lading ~ exacta/fidela - fair/true copy ~ legalizata - certified/attested/office copy coproprietar s.m. coproprietor, joint/part owner coproprietate s.f coproprietorship, coownership, joint possession/property corecta v.t. to correct, to amend; to adjust corela v.t. to correlate corelare s.f correlation ~ a nivelului salarizarii - wage level adjustment corespondent s.m. 1. {banca ce actioneazd ca agent pentru o altd banca care nu are sucursale) correspondent 2. (reporter) correspondent ~ special (cd unui ziar, al unui post de televiziune) special correspondent corespondenta s.f correspondence: (postd) mail - cornerciaia - business/commercial correspondence ~ sosita - incoming mail corp.5-.,". body ~ de nava - {coca) hull (of a. ship)

107

~ didactic - teaching staff ~ diplomatic - diplomatic corps ~ si masini - (asig. mar.) hull and machinery ~ si materiale - (asig. mar.) hull and materials corporatism^./?, corporatism corporatist adj. corporatist corporativ adj. 1. (referitor la o corporate) corporative, corporate 2. (constituit sub forma unei corporatii) corporate, corporative corporatie s.f 1. (breasld) craft (guild), guild 2. (societate pe actiuni) corporation ~ colectiva (cu mai multi membri) (dr.) corporation aggregate ~ exclusiva - (titular, cu personalitate juridicd, al uneia dintre anumite fiinctii publice) (dr.) corporation sole ~ internationala - international corporation ~ inchisa - (detinutd de un numdr mic de persoane) (SUA) closely held corporation ~ multinationala - multinational corporation ~ profesionala - (care plateste impozite) (SUA) professional corporation ~ publica/de stat - public corporation transnationala transnational corporation corupe v.t. {a mitiii) to bribe coruptie s.f. corruption cosmetizare s.f. (a unui magazin, a a'iibalajului unuiprodus, a imei situani fmanciare) face lift cosolicitant s.m. (al uniti brevei de iin'eitlie) joint applicant cost.?.??, cost

108

COS-COS

~ al calitatii pe lot - lot-quality cost ~ al capitalului - (media costurilor comportate de diversele tipuri de capital al unei companii) cost of capital ~ al capitalului propriu - cost of equity ~ al creditului - (dobdndd) cost of credit ~ al datoriilor - (rata dobdnzii noilor datorii emise) cost of debt ~ al depozitarii - cost of storage ~ al emiterii unei emisiuni de obligatiuni - bond issue cost ~ al fortei de munca - cost of labour,
wage costs

~ al intretinerii - maintenance/upkeep
cost

~ al navlosirii - (mar.) charterage ~ al noilor actiuni comune - cost of new common equity ~ al ofertei de pret - bid cost ~ al opririi productiei - cost of production stoppage ~ al pregatirii lucrului - cost of set-up ~ al profitului nerepartizat/acumulat - (rata rentabilitdtii solicitate de actionari pentru capitalurile proprii obtinute de firmd prin retinerea fi reinvestirea profitului) cost of retained earnings ~ al recrutarii de personal - cost of recruitment ~ al reformei - cost of reform ~ al schimbarilor de productie - cost of change-over ~ al timpului de intrerupere a productiei - cost of downtime ~ al transportului - carriage, cartage ~ al unei calatorii/curse - fare

~ al unei decizii in detrimentui alteia - alternative (use) cost ~ al unei emisiuni monetare mintage ~ al vietii - cost of living ~ , asigurare, navlu - cost, insurance, freight ~ , asigurare, navlu, comision si dobanda - cost, insurance, freight, commission and interest ~ , asigurare, navlu si comision cost, insurance, freight and commission ~ , asigurare, navlu si descarcat cost, insurance, freight and landed ~ , asigurare, navlu si diferenta de curs de schimb - cost, insurance, freight and exchange ~ comun - (atribuibil mai multor produse etc.) (cont.) common cost ~ constant - constant cost ~ cu valoare determinata measurable cost ~ curent - (cont.) current cost ~ de achizitie - (al unei societdti) acquisition cost ~ de emisiune - issue cost ~ de inlocuire - (al unui activ) replacement cost ~ de lansare - (a unei emisiuni) flo(a)tation cost ~ de oportunitate - (rata rentabilitdtii celei mai bune investitii alternative disponibile} opportunity cost, transfer earnings ~ de penurie - shortage cost ~ de productie - production/prime/ flat/first cost ~ direct - direct cost ~ economic - (din perspectiva economistului) economic cost ~ efectiv - actual cost

COS-COT

109

~ estimativ/dupa deviz - estimative/ estimated cost ~ fix - fixed cost; (care nu variazd in funcfie de volumul productief) (SUA) stand-by cost ~ incremental al capitalului - (costui mediu al capitalului suplimentar obtinut in timpul unui an dat) incremental cost of capital ~ indirect - indirect cost ~ initial - original cost ~ istoric - (cost initial al unui activ) historical cost ~ in trepte - (cost fix pdnd ce firma ajunge la un nou nivel de activitate comerciald, cdnd se fixeazd alt cost) stepped cost ~ la mie - (metodd de calculare a cheltuielilor de publicitate pentru fiecare mie de cititori, ascultdtori etc.) cost per thousand ~ marginal/incremental - (costui aferent producerii unei unitdti suplimentare deprodus) marginal cost ~ mediu - (pe unitatea de productie) average cost ~ mediu fix - average fixed cost ~ mediu variabil - average variable
cost

~ neabsorbit - (cheltuieli de regie, alocate pentru asigurarea unei activitdti de productie, neutilizate in totalitate) unabsorbed cost ~ orar de functionare a masinii machine-hour rate ~ pe unitatea de timp - time cost ~ planificat - budgeted cost ~ real - real cost ~ recurent - recurrent cost ~ standard - standard cost

~ suplimentar - extra cost; (pentru tacdm la restaurant) cover charge ~ si asigurare - cost and insurance ~ si navlu - cost and freight ~ total al stocurilor - (raportui dintre costui total de detinere si costui total de comanda) total inventory costs ~ total de comanda - (costui lansdrii unei comenzi) total ordering costs ~ total de detinere - (costurile mentinerii unor stocuri) total carrying costs ~ variabil - variable cost costuri care influenteaza luarea deciziilor - decisionmaking costs ~ comune -joint costs ~ de exploatare - working costs ~ de reprezentare/mandat - (costuri asociate cu monitorizarea actiunilor administratiei pentru a verifica dacd acestea respectd angajamentele contractuale dintre conducere, actionari si creditor!) agency costs ~ fixe/obligatorii - unavoidable costs ~ la latitudinea conducerii - managed costs ~ sociale - social costs costa v.;". to cost ~ scump - to be expensive, to cost dear, to come high co$ s.n. basket ~ valutar - (grup de volute selectate pentru evaluarea altei valute) basket of currencies, currency basket cota v.t. (la bursa) to quote cotabil adj. (la bursa) quotable, quoteworthy cotare s.f. (bur.) quotation, listing ~ dubia - dual listing ~ la bursa - (stock) exchange quotation, exchange listing

110

COT-CRE

~ pentru disponibil - spot quotation cotatie s.f. (bur.) quotation; price ~ anterioara - previous quotation bursiera (stock) exchange quotation ~ consecutiva - consecutive quotation ~ de deschidere - marrying price ~ de tnchidere - closing price ~ la termen forward quotation ~ nominala - nominal quotation ~ oficiala - official quotation cota s.f. quota, share ~ a cheltuielilor de capital -(cheltuieli cu amortizarea pentru scopuri fiscale) capital cost allowance ~ a navlurilor - (mar.) rate of freight, freight rate ~ a navlurilor de linie - (mar.) berth freight rate ~ a navlurilor pentru marfuri generale (mar.) general cargo rate, generals rate ~ de amortizare - redemption quota ~ de export - export quota ~ de import - import quota ~ de profit - share of profit ~ de vanzari - (a unui agent de vdnzari) sales quota ~ impozabila - taxable quota ~ in aur (cota. de participare, depusd in aur, de cdtre un statmembru al FMI) gold tranche ~ - parte - share, quota ~ parte din beneficii - share of the profits ~ procentuala percentage contribution ~ scutita de taxe - tax-free quota cotidian adj. daily s.n. daily paper cotiza v.i. to subscribe; (ca membru) to pay one's membership dues

cotizatie s.f. due, fee; subscription; levy ~ de inscriere - entrance fee ~ de membru - member fee ~ individuals - (platitd de fiecare membru al unei asociatu) capitation
fee

cotor s.n. (contramarcd, talon, mated) check, counterfoil, heel, stub crah s.n. crash, bankruptcy, failure ~ bursier - stock exchange crash, market crash ~ financiar - financial crash crama s.f. wine cellar/vault, cellar creanta s.f. debt, claim ~ cesionabila - assignable debt ~ contabila - book debt ~ garantata prin ipoteca - debt secured by mortgage ~ inscrisa in registrul datoriei - debt register claim ~ neprivilegiata/neprioritara ordinary debt ~ restanta - outstanding claim/debt creante $i angajamente - claims and liabilities creare s.f. creation ~ a marcii - branding ~ de credite - (in economic) credit creation creator s. m. maker; creator ~ de piata - (bur.) market maker credit s.n. 1. credit, loan 2. (coloand in partea dreaptd a fiecdrui conf) (cont.) credit (side) 3. (corn.) trust ~ acordat brokerului - (garantat prin titluri de valoare) broker's loan ~ agricol - agricultural credit ~ bancar - bank credit ~ comercial - commercial/trade credit

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111

~ cumparator - (acordat unui cumpdrdtor strain de cdtre banca exportatorului pentru mdrfurile importate) buyer credit ~ de consum - {acordat pentru cumpdrarea de bunuri de consum si servicii} consumer credit ~ de exploatare - working capital credit ~ de export - export credit ~ de investitii - investment credit ~ de refinantare - refinancing credit ~ de scont - discount credit ~ documentar - documentary credit ~ extern - foreign credit ~ fara garantie - (fdrd documente insotitoare pentru o cambie trasd asupra unei band) clean credit ~ furnizor {acordat cumpdrdtorului de cdtre furnizor) supplier's credit ~ garantat - (prin remiterea de gajuri) secured credit ~ garantat cu active - asset-backed loan ~ ieftin/avantajos - (cu dobdndd scazuta) easy/cheap money ~ imobiliar - credit on real estate ~ international - international credit ~ intern - domestic credit ~ ipotecar - mortgage credit, credit on mortgage; (acordat pentru cumpdrarea sau constructia de locuinte) building loan ~ ipotecar cu rambursare integrals la scadenta - straight-term mortgage loan ~ ipotecar cu rambursari in sume fixe - level payment mortgage ~ irevocabil confirmat - confirmed irrevocable credit

~ in alb (acordat far a nici o garantie) unsecured credit ~ in aval - (obtinut de o societatemamd de la propriile filiale) downstream loan ~ in cont curent - (care poate fi utilizat prin retrageri succesive pdnd la o limitd convenita) overdraft; (SUA) current account credit ~ lombard - (credit pe termen scurf acordat prin gajarea unor titluri financiare usor de transformat in numerar) lombard credit ~ marginal - (imprumut oferit de o
banca pe baza valorii actiunilor

detinute de solicitant) marginal lending ~ mixt - (credit de export acordat in comun de o banca comerciald si de stat) mixed credit ~ mobiliar - credit on personal property ~ multivalutar - (utilizabil, la alegere, in mat multe volute) multicurrency loan ~ nelimitat - unlimited credit ~ neperformant - bad/nonperforming loan ~ pe termen lung - long-term credit ~ pe termen mediu - medium-term credit ~ pe termen scurt - short-term credit ~ pentru activitatea curenta business loan ~ pentru plata marfurilor achizitionate - produce advance/loan ~ personal - (reputafia unei persoane, care ii permite sd obtind mdrfuri pe credit) personal credit ~ preferential - (cu termeni favorabili de rambursare) soft loan ~ prin acceptare (credit pe termen scurt prin care banca autorizeazd

112

CRE-CRE

clientui sd tragd asupra acesteia cambii pdnd la concurenta limitei fixate} acceptance credit ~ prin cont descoperit bank overdraft ~ public - public credit ~ - punte/de legatura - (imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge credit ~ rambursabil in rate - installment credit ~ reciproc negarantat - swing credit ~ reinnoit automat - revolving credit ~ scump - (cu dobdnzi ridicate) dear money ~ sezonier - seasonal loan ~ sindicalizat (ofertd de fonduri fdcutd de mai multe band pentru a sustine un credit mare) syndicated/ participation loan ~ stand-by - (lime de credit pusd la dispozitia unei tdri - sau a Bdncii Nafionale - care se confruntd cu dificultdti temporare ale balantei de plati) stand-by credit ~ transferabil - transferable credit a avea ~ la cineva - to have credit with smb. a avea ~ pe piata - to be a sound man a cumpara pe ~ - to buy on trust a deschide cuiva un ~ - to open a credit/an account with smb. a lua cu ~ - to take on credit a trece in creditui cuiva - to carry to smb.'s credit creditav.?. to credit ~ excesiv - (despre o banca) to overlend

creditor adj. credit... s.m. 1. creditor, lender, loaner; (beneficiar al unui drept de retentie) lienor 2. (cont.') accounts payable ~ comercial - trade creditor ~ cu garantie - secured creditor ~ fara garantie/general/chirografar unsecured creditor ~ gajist - pledgee ~ garantat prin obligatiuni - bond creditor ~ general - (fdrd drepturi preferentiale) general/ordinary/junior creditor ~ insistent - dun ~ ipotecar - mortgagee, mortgage creditor, encumbrancer ~ in favoarea caruia s-a dat o sentinta executorie - execution creditor ~ in ultima instanta - (rol jucat de banca centrald a unei tdri) lender of the last resort ~ preferential/privilegiat - (ale cdrui creante sunt rambursate prioritar in caz de falimenf) preferential/privileged creditor ~ prin hotarare judecatoreasca judgement creditor creditori ai unui falit - creditors under commission of bankruptcy crescator s.m. (de vite, animate domestice) breeder ~ de vite - cattle breeder, stockman, stockbreeder creste v.t. 1. to increase; (preturi) to advance 2. (animate) to breed, to rear, to raise; (plante) to grow, to cultivate, to raise v.;. to increase, to escalate; (despre preturi) to advance, to rise, to go up; (puternic; despre preturi) to

CRE-CRO

113

soar; (despre cursuri bursiere) to trade up; (a se acumula, in special despre dobandd) to accrue; (a se amplified, in special despre decalaje) to widen cretere s.f. increase, increment; growth; (a prefurilor) advance, rise, boost; upturn, upswing; (acumulare, mdrirea valorii unui activ prin crestere naturald) accretion; (continud) (cont.) accrual ~ a animalelor - animal breeding/husbandry ~ a cererii pe piata - increase in demand ~ a productivitatii - (mijioacelor de productie prin cumpdrarea de utilaje performante, fdrd a urmdri mdrirea capacitdtii de productie) capital deepening ~ a productiei - expansion of production ~ a riscului - (asig.) increase of the risk ~ a valorii de piata a unei investitii capital appreciation ~ a vitelor - cattle breeding ~ de capital - (a capitalului social) capital increase ~ economica - economic growth ~ economica consolidata consolidated economic growth ~ economica durabila - sustainable economic growth ~ economics zero - (situatie in care rezultatele economice agregate si populatia unei tan sporesc simultan, nivelul pe locuitor al indicatorilor sintetici macroeconomici rdmanand constant) zero economic growth ~ excesiva a obligatiilor - overgrowth of liabilities

~ neinflationista durabila sustainable noninflationary growth ~ periodica - periodical increment ~ procentuala - percentage growth ~ spontana a valorii - (funciare, imobiliare nedatoratd imbundtdtirilor) unearned increment ~ stabilizata a cursului venitului nominal - steady state growth path of nominal income ~ temporara - (a preturilor) boomlet a fi in ~ - to be on the increase a incerca sa provoace o ~ - (a cursului) {bur.) to bull criza s.f. crisis; (depresiune) depression; (a afacerilor) stagnation; (a pietei) stringency ~ de lichiditati - money pressure/ scarcity ~ de supraproductie - overproduction crisis ~ economics - economic crisis ~ financiara - financial crisis ~ petroliera - petroleum crisis ~ structurala - structural crisis a fi in ~ financiara - to come down croaziera s.f. cruise ~ in jurul lumii - global/world cruise cronometror s.m. (salariat insdrcinat cu cronometrarea operatiilor industriale) time clerk caprep. 1. with 2. (bur.) cum ~ cu alt proprietar - under new ownership ~ avarie - (asig. mar.) with average ~ avarie particulars - (asig. mar.) with particular average ~ aviz - under advice ~ barare generala - (despre cec) cheque crossed generally

114

CRO-CUL

~ barare speciala - (despre cec) cheque crossed specially ~ capitalizare - (bur.) cum capitalization ~ cu bucata - (by) piecemeal, by the piece, piece by piece ~ clauze - claused ~ coloane - columnar ~ conditia ca nava sa fie disponibila (clauza de navlosire) (mar.) subject open ~ conditia sosirii sigure - (clauza de navlosire) (mar.) subject to safe arrival ~ contract - under deed ~ cupon - (bur.) cum coupon ~ data de - under the date of ~ destinatia - (mar.) bound for ~ distribuire - (de dividende etc.) cum distribution ~ dividend - cum dividend; (SUA) dividend on ~ dobanda - cum interest ~ drepturi - (preferentiale la o noud emisiune de actiuni) cum new/rights ~ foi libere/detasabile - (despre calendare, registre etc.) loose-leaf ~ tncepere de la data - as from ~ lichidare la mijiocul lunii - (bur.)
per medio

~ lichidare la sfarsitui lunii - (bur.) per ultimo ~ livrare din antrepozit vamal bonded terms ~ livrare in docuri - delivered docks ~ personal insuficient - understaffed ~ plata taxelor de transport la livrare/destinatie - carriage forward ~ protest - (despre o plata) (dr.) under protest ~ ramburs - collection on delivery ~ raspundere limitata - limited

~ raspundere limitata si capital redus - limited and reduced ~ rise - (asig.) at risk ~ taxa zero - (in sistemul TVA) zero-rated ~ taxele vamale achitate - duty-paid ~ taxele vamale neachitate - duty-unpaid ~ tendinta de crestere - (despre piata bursiera) bullish ~ tendinta de scadere - (despre piata bursiera) bearish ~ testament - under will ~ titlu de imprumut - as loan ~ titlu oneros - for value ~ toate beneficiile - (bur.) cum all ~ transportui platit - (pdnd la punctui de livrare) carriage paid ~ transportui platit pana la domiciliul beneficiarului - carriage paid home ~ ziua - by the day cuantums.n. quantum ~ al despagubirii - measure of damages/indemnity ~ al impozitelor locale - ratal cultiva v.t. 1. (pdmdntui) to cultivate, to farm, to till; (in special cereale) to crop, to raise; to grow 2. (ca dijmas) to sharecrop cultivare s.f. cultivation, farming ~ a terenurilor fara irigatii - dry farming cultivator s. m. grower, farmer cultura s.f. 1. culture 2. (agricola) culture, crop ~ alternativa/intercalata - catchcrop ~ mixta - mixed cropping ~ organizationala/a corporatiei (man.) corporate culture culturi cerealiere - cereal crops

CUL-CUM

115

~ furajere - forage crops ~ tehnice/industriale - technical/ industrial crops cumpara v.t. 1. to buy, to purchase 2. (actiuni ale unei societati) to buy into; (toate actiunile unei societati) to buy out; (actiuni ale unei societati,
incercdnd sa preia controlul acesteia)

to buy up ~ angro - to buy wholesale ~ avantajos/ieftin - to buy cheap/low ~ cu amanuntui - to buy retail ~ cu facilitati de plata - to buy on easy terms ~ cu plata in numerar - to buy for cash ~ in cantitati excedentare/prea man - to overbuy ~ in cantitati mari to buy in bulk ~ in plus fata de capacitatea de a oferi actiuni suplimentare in anumite situatii - (bur.) to overbuy ~ in rate - to buy on the hire-purchase system/on the instal(l)ment plan ~ intr-un moment de scadere - (a preturilor, a cursului) to buy on a fall ~ la licitatie - to buy by auction ~ la termen - to buy for future delivery cumparare s.f. buying, purchasing, purchase ~ a la hausse - (bur.) buying long ~ a pachetului majoritar de actiuni ale unei firme de catre salariatii acesteia - employee buyout ~ a unei societati - buyout - angro/cu ridicata - wholesale purchase ~ cu amanuntui - retail purchase ~ cu plata in numerar - cash purchase, purchase for cash

~ de actiuni pe o piata in crestere (bur.) averaging up ~ de actiuni pe o piata in scadere (bur.) averaging down ~ de actiuni pe o piata in scadere (dacd scdderea atinge un anumit nivel) (bur.) averaging in ~ de articole de uz curent - high-repeat purchase ~ de proba - (cumpdrdtorul putdnd restitui marfa) sale or return ~ de produse rezultate - (acord de barter prin care exportatorul unor utilaje acceptd contravaloarea acestora in bunuri produse cu instalatiile respective) buyback ~ de spatiu in mediile publicitare media buying ~ fara intermediari - (direct de la producdtor sau importator) buying round ~ fictiva (pentrii a crea impresia cd
anumite actiuni sunt foarte cdutate)

(bur.) (SUA) wash sale ~ in rate - hire purchase, instal(l)ment buying ~ pe baza de catalog - catalogue buying ~ pe baza de comision - purchase on commission ~ pe credit - purchase on credit ~ sub impulsul momentului - impulse buying cumparari de sustinere - (a cursului) (bur.) supporting purchases ~ speculative - speculative buying comparator s.m. buyer, purchaser, shopper; (dr.) vendee ~ eventual/potential - possible/ prospective buyer ~ ferm - firm buyer

116

CUM-CUR

~ important - heavy purchaser ~ impulsiv - impulse buyer ~ nenominalizat - (bur.) undisclosed buyer ~ pe o piata - marketer cumparatori fara vanzatori - (bur.) buyers no sellers cumparatura s.f. purchase; pi. shopping a face cumparaturi - to go shopping cumul s.n. (de functii) holding more than one office/appointment, plurality of offices cumula v.t. (functii) to hold a plurality of offices cumulativ adj. cumulative cunoastere s.f. knowledge ~ a sarcinilor/specificului unui post job knowledge cupiura s.f. (fin.) denomination unit cupon s.n. 1. (atasat unui titlu de valoare la purtdtor) (fin.) coupon 2. (de stofd) remnant ~ de dividende - dividend warrant ~ de dobanda - interest warrant ~ de piata - payment coupon ~ valoric - (oferit in scop promotional pentru obfinerea gratuitd sau cu reducere de pret a unor produse) money-off coupon, trading stamp cuprins s.n. 1. (tabla. de materii) summary 2. (al unui document) tenor curat adj. (fara rezerve/mentiuni) clean curba s.f. curve ~ a acceptarii - (unui produs nou pe piata) adoption curve ~ a cererii - demand curve ~ a consumului - consumption curve ~ a indiferentei - (grafic care reprezintd diferite combinatii ale mai

multor mdrfuri cu calitdti identice si care u oferd consumatorului satisfactie egald) indifference curve ~ a ofertei - supply curve ~ a productiei - production curve ~ a randamentului - (graficul relatiei dintre randamentele si maturitdtile diferitelor emisiuni de titluri de valoare) (fin.) yield curve ~ atipica a ofertei de munca - (grafic care ilustreazd corelafiile dintre oferta de munca. si salariul real) backward bending labour supply curve ~ descendenta - downward curve ~ normala de randament - (referitor la rata dobdnzii titlurilor de valoare) normal yield curve curent adj. 1. (despre an etc.) present, current; (despre lund) (corn.) instant; (zilnic) daily 2. (despre preturi) current; (despre monedd) legal; (despre cheltuieli) running curier s.m. courier, messenger; errand/office boy curs s.n. 1. (de apd) watercourse, river course 2. (valutar/de schimb) rate of exchange, exchange rate 3. (bur.) quotation, price 4. (serie de lectii) course ~ al actiunilor - share price ~ al cecului - (in tranzactiile cu devize) cheque rate ~ al disponibilului/spot - (cursul la care se efectueazd operafiunile la vedere cu valuta) spot rate ~ al pietei - market price/rate ~ al titlurilor de valoare - security price ~ al zilei - quotation of the day ~ central - central exchange rate

CUR-CUV

117

~ cu fluctuatie mare - {intre oferta de vanzare si cea de cumpdrare) (bur.) wide price ~ de cumparare - {bur.) bid/buying price ~ de deschidere - (bur.) opening price ~ de emisiune - issue price ~ de interventie - (al bdncii centrale pepiata valutard) intervention points ~ de inchidere - {bur.) closing price ~ de panica/foarte scazut - {bur.) panic price ~ de schimb/valutar - rate of exchange ~ de schimb dirijat - managed exchange rate ~ de schimb fix - fixed exchange rate ~ de schimb fluctuant - floating exchange rate ~ de schimb tncrucisat - {stabilirea cursului dintre doud volute prin raportare la o tertd moneda) cross rate ~ de schimb la termen - {cursul la care se efectueazd operatiunile valutare la termen) forward rate ~ de schimb oficial - official exchange rate ~ de schimb real - real/fair exchange
rate

~ de schimb sustinut - {de guvern) peg ~ de tranzactie - {bur.) trading price ~ de vanzare - {al valutei) selling rate ~ direct - {curs de schimb exprimat ca raport intre moneda nafionald si una strdind) direct quotation ~ la bursa neoficiala - kerb/street price ~ la care brokerul s-a angajat sa vanda {pentru a evita pierderi mai mari) stop price

~ mediu - {bur., fin.) middle price/rate ~ neoiicial de schimb - unofficial rate of exchange ~ nominal - nominal price ~ prin corespondenta correspondence course ~ serai - evening classes cursuri de schimb cu fluctuatie libera - freely floating exchange rates ~ de schimb multiple - multiple exchange rates cursa s.f. 1. {a unui vehicuf) drive, ride; {a navei) (sea) voyage, course (of a ship) 2. (parcurs) haul ~ lunga - {mar.) long course, deep-sea/distant trade, distant cruise ~ regulata - {mar.) trade curtaj s.n. courtage, brokerage, stockbroking curte s.f. {dr.) court ~ de apel - court of appeal, appellate court ~ de arbitraj - court of arbitration, arbitration court ~ de casatie - court of cassation ~ de conturi - audit office ~ suprema - supreme court curtier s.m. broker custode^.m. custodian; caretaker custodie s.f. custody ~ sigura - {serviciu bancar) safe custody cutie s.f. box, bin; {ladd) case; {de conserve) tin, can ~ metalica pentru depozitarea de valori - {la bancd) safe deposit box cvasibani s.m. pi. quasi-money, nearmoney cvasicontract^.n. quasi-contract cvasimonopol^.n. quasi-monopoly cuvant^.n. word

118

CUV-CVO

cuvintele nu corespund cifrelor (formula pe un cec) words and figures do not agree

cvorums.fi. quomm a avea ~- to have a quorum a constitui un ~ - to form a quorum

D
da v.t. 1. to give; {(imp, bani) to allow; (a o/er;) to offer 2. (a acordd) to bestow/to confer upon smb., to grant 3. (a inmdna) to hand over 4. (mapoi) to give back, to return; (ceva furat) to restore 5. (gratis) to give away 6. (o recolta) to yield 7. (cdrtile de joc) to deal 8. (o sentintd) to adjudicate, to award - ajutor - to render assistance ~ chitanta - to receipt ~ faliment - to go bankrupt/into liquidation ~ garantie - to give/to provide security - in exploatare - to commission - un acont to pay an account - un aviz competent - to give an expert opinion dactilografa s.f. typist - de facturi - invoice typist dactilografia v. t. to type dactilografie s.f. typewriting dana s.f. berth, mooring berth, berth space - de acostare - quay berth ' de antrepozitare - (pdna la plata taxelor vamale) sufferance wharf - de chei - quay berth - de descarcare - discharging berth ~ de incarcare - loading berth ~ de minereu - ore berth ~ de pasageri - passenger berth/wharf ~ pentru petroliere - (oil) tanker berth - pentru lepuri - lighter berth -- plutitoare - landing stage, pier barge pregatita - ready berth ~ sigura - (pentru operarea navel) good/safe berth dar s.n. present, gift dara s.f. (taro) tare dare s.f. giving ~ de seama - (cdtre un superior) report; (statistics) (official) returns; (protocol,) minutes; (relatare) account (rendered), statement of accounts data v.t., v.i. to date data s.f. 1. (calendaristica) date 2. (limita) term 3. (oara) time 4. (notiune fundamentala, cantitate de informatie prelucratd de calculator) datum; pi. data ~ a intrarii in vigoare - effective date ~ a po$tei - date as postmark ~ a scadentei - date of maturity, due date ~ contractuala - contract date ~ de acostare la dana - alongside date ~ de anulare/reziliere - (a contractului) cancelling date ~ de expediere - (a mdrfii) (mar.) date of shipment ~ de facturare - date of invoice ~ -de incarcare - date of loading; (mar.) stem/stemming date ~ de inregistrare - entry date ~ de livrare - date of delivery, delivery date '- de plata - date of payment ~ de plecare (a navei in cursa) date of departure/sailing, sailing date ~ de sosire - (a navei) date of arrival ~ - limita - term day

120

DAT-DAT

~ probabila de descarcare - expected discharging date date compuse - (care grupeazd informatii din mai multe sectoare, domenii)

composites ~ la dispozitia conducerii - (sub forma diverselor rate si raporturi) management ratio ~ oficiale - official data ~ statistice - statistical data ~ tabulare - tabular data dator adj. 1. indebted (to), owing money, (involved) in debt 2. (angajat fafd de) under an obligation (to), obliged (to) a fi ~ - to be in debt
datora v.t. to owe

datorat adj. owed; owing, due datorie s.f. 1. debt; indebtedness; (arierate, datorii restante) arrears 2. (obligafie) obligation, liability 3. (ipoteca) encumbrance ~ consolidata - (datorie pe termen
lung a unei tdri sau a unei alte comunitdti publice sub forma imprumutu-

rilor pe termen lung) consolidated/ funded/permanent debt ~ cu termenul expirat - stale debt ~ curenta - current debt ~ de onoare - debt of honour, honorary debt ~ exigibila outstanding debt ~ extern a - external debt ~ flotanta - (datorie pe claimable/due/ termen lung a unei tdri sau a unei alte comunitdti publice sub forma de credite bancare, bilete la ordin sau bonuri de tezaur cu scadente foarte apropiate} floating debt ~ inexigibila - unclaimable/undue debt

~ insolvabila - (confirmatd prin hotdrare judecdtoreascd) judgement debt ~ ipotecara - mortgage debt ~ neconsolidata - unconsolidated/ unfunded debt ~ nelichidata - unliquidated debt ~ neperformanta bad debt ~ nerecuperabila - irrecoverable debt ~ nesigura - doubtful debt ~ neta - net debt '- piramidala - (contractarea de datorii succesive pentru rambursarea datoriilor anterioare) pyramid debt ~ preferentiala/privilegiata (pidtitd integral, in caz de faliment, maintea altor datorii') preferential/privileged/ senior debt ~ prescrisa - statute - barred debt ~ publica - public debt ~ publica externa external public debt ~ publica interna - internal public debt ~ publica neproductiva (componentd a datoriei publice cauzatd mai ales de cheltuielile neproductive legate de rdzboi) deadweight debt ~ publica productiva/reproductiva -(imprumut investit de stat in active productive) living/productive/ reproductive debt ~ restanta - outstanding debt ~ secundara (datorie care se achitd numai dupd ce au fost acoperite obligatiile fata de detindtorii de actiuni preferentiale) subordinate debt ~ veche - debt of old standing, old--standing debt datorii acumulate/restante - backlog of debts

DAT-DEA

121

~ de razboi - war debts ~ externe - (datorii ale unei societdti

cdtre institutii sau persoane fizice, altele decaf actionarii ei) external

liabilities
~ sigure - (care vorfi sigur achitate)

good debts a face ~ - to run into debt, to incur debts a fi inglodat in ~ - to be over head and ears in debt a nu mai avea ~ - to be out of debt a se achita de ~ - to get out of debt
datornics.m. debtor

dauna s.f. 1. (paguba) damage; (pierdere) loss; {prejudicing prejudice, harm 2. (dr.) tort 3. (despdgubire) indemnification, compensation; pi. (despdgubiri bdnesti) damages ~ corporala - damage to persons ~ delictuala - malicious damage ~ materiala - damage to property ~ pretinsa - alleged damage ~ prin aruncarea peste bord - (a bunurilor navel) (mar.) damage by jettison ~ prin frecarea marfurilor - (in timpul transportuhii) chafe ~ prin incendiu damage by fire ~ prin manipulare damage by handling ~ produsa/ocazionata - damage done/ incurred daune cauzate de circulatie i accidente traffic and accident loss ~ compensatory compensatory damages ~ contractuale - penalty for nonperformance of contract, liquidated damages

~ evaluate subiectiv - (asig.) sentimental damages ~ exemplare/agravate/punitive - (dr.) exemplary damages ~ generale - general/ordinary damages ~ indirecte - (oferte drept compensate pentru nerespectarea obligatiilor contractuale) indirect/consequential damages ~ -interese - recovery of damages, damages ~ morale - moral prejudice ~ necontractuale - (stabiHte de instanta) damages at large, unliquidated damages ~ neinsemnate/nule - (stabilite de instanta) contemptuous damages ~ nominale/minore - nominal damages ~ partiale (prin risipirea, deterio-rarea mdrfii) pickings ~ probabile - prospective damages a acorda ~ - to award damages a actiona in judecata pentru a obtine ~ - to sue for damages a obtine ~ - to recover damages deprep. 1. of 2. with, for, through ~ -a lungul bordului navei - (referitor la predarea sau primirea mdrfii) alongside ship ~ la data - after date ~ ocazie second-hand ~ proba - on sale or return ~ serviciu - on duty ~ vanzare - on sale, under offer dealer s. m. dealer ~ autorizat - authorized dealer ~ de titluri de valoare - dealer in securities deasviprsi prep. above

122

DEA-D; :

~ liniei - (termen contabil care se referd la anumite articole din contui de profit si pierderi si care apar deasupra liniei profitului net in declaratia de profit si pierderi; parte a bugetului de marketing pe care compania o cheltu-ieste pentru a-si face publicitate in mass media) above the line debarca v.t. (mdrfuri) to unload, to discharge, to unship; (pasageri) to land, to disembark, to set/to put ashore; (pasageri din autobuz) to set down debarcader s.n. landing stage/pier/ place, wharf debit s.n. 1. (datorie) debit 2. (coloana din partea stangd a nnui cont, in care se inregistreaza elementele si sporurile de activ, respectiv reducerile de pasiv) {cont.) debit side, red 3. (vdnzare cu amanuntui) sale by retail 4. (tutungerie) tobacco shop, tobacconist's; (de ziare) news stall/stand 5. (de curs de apd) flow, discharge debita v.t. 1. (a inscrie o sumd in debitui unui cont) to charge smth. to smb.'s account, to debit smb. with 2. (a vinde cu amanuntui) to retail, to sell by retail debitor adj. debit... s.m. debtor; (declarat de instantd) judgement debtor; (supus unui drept de retentie) lienee ~ care fuge de creditori - (pentru a se eschiva de la plata datoriilor) fly-by-night ~ executat - (cdruia i se aplicd un sechestru) distrainee ~ gajist - pledger, pledger ~ insolvabil - insolvent debtor ~ ipotecar - mortgage debtor, mortgager, mortgagor

~ in incapacitate de plata - debtor -default ~ principal - principal/chief/primadebtor ~ rau platnic - bad debtor ~ solvabil - solvent debtor debitori diverse - sundry debtors a fi debitor - to be in the red debloca v.t. (fonduri) to unfreeze. :; release deblocare s.f. (eliberare) releas,: unfreezing ~ de fonduri - release of funds debueu s.n. (corn.) market, outle'opening ~ pe piata vanzarilor cu amanuntui retail outlet ~ potential - potential market/outlet a gasi un ~ - to find a market decalaj s.n. gap, time lag ~ de randament - (diferenta dintr: randamentui mediu al actiunili:' comune si eel al titlurilor de valoare :.-. prima clasa) {bur.) yield gap ~ deflationist - deflationary gap ~ economic - economic gap ~ tehnologic - technological gap decadea v.i. (din drepturi) (dr.) i; lapse decadere s.f. (din drepturi) (dr incapacity, lapse decerna v.t. (un premiii) to award (to;. (un titlu) to confer (on) decimal adj. decimal decizie s.f. 1. decision, resolutior2. (dr.} judgement, sentence, award; !jiiratilor) verdict given/returned by the jury ~ arbitrala/de arbitraj - (a unu. tribunal de arbitraj) (arbitration) award ~ colectiva - group decision

DEC-DEC

123

~ de inculpare/punere sub acuzatie (luatd de curtea cujuri) true bill ~ de sistare temporara a tranzactionarii actiunilor unei societati (bur., dr.) distringas ~ definitiva - ultimate decision ~ economica - economic decision ~ economica strategica - strategic economic decision ~ economica tactica - tactic economic decision ~ irevocabila - decision beyond/past recall declara v.t. to declare; (in vama) to enter; (venitui) to return ~ avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) to declare general average ~ nul si neavenit - to declare null and void, to invalidate, to annul ~ recurs - to appeal declarant s. m. declarant ~ vamal - custom-house/customs broker declarare s.f. declaration ~ a avariei comune - (asig. mar.) declaration of general average ~ a marfurilor in vama - entry of goods ~ in stare de faliment - adjudication of bankruptcy declaratie s.f. 1. declaration; statement 2. (scrisd, subjurdmdnt) (dr.) affidavit ~ a carausului - (privind starea mdrfii) carrier's statement ~ asupra valorii marfii in tara de origine - home value declaration ~ autentificata (dr.) acknowledg(e)ment ~ consulara - consular declaration ~ de abandon - (mar.) notice of abandonment

~ de bagaje - (la vama) baggage declaration/sufferance ~ de export a incarcatorului shipper's export declaration ~ de faliment - declaration of bankruptcy ~ de impunere/venituri - return of income, tax return, earnings statement ~ de solvabilitate - declaration of solvency ~ de valoare - declaration of value ~ falsa - misrepresentation ~ pentru achitarea taxelor vamale duty-paid entry ~ pentru marfuri scutite de taxe vamale - free entry ~ vamala - entry, declaration of duty, customs declaration ~ vamala a echipajului - (mar.) crew's customs declaration ~ vamala asupra continutului declaration of the contents ~ vamala de antrepozitare - entry for warehousing ~ vamala de iesire/plecare - (mar.) outwards entry, entry outwards ~ vamala de intrare/sosire - (mar.) inwards entry, entry inwards, bill of entry ~ vamala de import - import entry vamala de transbord transshipment entry ~ vamala de tranzit transit entry - vamala finala - final/closing declaration ~ vamala initiala - prime entry ~ vamala preliminara - imperfect/ preliminary/sight entry, captain's (imperfect) entry ~ vamala provizorie - bill of sight ~ vamala suplinientara - postentry

124

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declin s.n. (al activitdtii economice, al productiei etc.) decline decont s.n. deduction, discount from a sum paid sau to be paid ~ de cheltuieli - defraying of expenses, reimbursement decontav.f. to settle decontare s.f. settlement ~ bancara banking settlement ~ frauduloasa fraudulent settlement ~ prin acreditiv settlement by letter of credit ~ prin virament - settlement by transfer decorator s. m. decorator ~ de vitrine window dresser decret s.n. decree; charter; (legiferare) enactment ~ -lege - decree law, executive order decreta v.t. to decree; to charter; (a legifera) to enact decupla v.t. (o instalatie) to shut down decuplare s.f. (a unei instalatii) shutdown decuplat adj. out-of-work decurge v.i. (despre un contract) to run on deduce v.t. to deduct deducere s.f. deduction ~ a dobanzii - interest deduction ~ a tarei - tare allowance defaica v.t. 1. (dintr-un intreg) to deduct 2. (a analiza, a impdrti in pdrfile componente) to break down defalcare s.f. 1. {dintr-un intreg) deduction 2. (analizare, impdrtire in pdrtile componente) breakdown ~ a componentelor postului - job breakdown ~ forfetara - standard deduction

defect s.n. defect; fault; (neajuns) drawback, shortcoming adj. out-of-order, defective; out-of-repair, in disrepair ~ ascuns - latent defect ~ de fabricatie - fault of fabrication defectoscop s.n. fault detector/finder/ locator, flaw detector defectoscopie s.f. fault detection defectuos adj. faulty, defective, deficient; imperfect adv. faultily, defectively defectiune s.f. failure, breakdown deficienta s.f. deficiency deficit s.n. 1. deficit; shortage, shortfall 2. (la cantor) shortness of) weight ~ al balantei comerciale - balance of trade deficit, external deficit ~ al balantei de plati - balance of payments deficit ~ bugetar - budget deficit ~ de rezerve - (rezervele unei band care scad sub nivelul cerut de lege) deficient reserves, reserve deficiency ~ de tonaj - (mar.) shipping deficit deficite gemene - (fin.) twin deficits a acoperi un deficit - to cover/to make good/to supply a deficit a fi in ~ - to have a deficit, to be in the red deficitar adj. short; (despre buget) adverse; (despre mdrfuri) scarce; (despre un an agricol) lean a fi ~ - to be in short supply definire s.f. defining; definition ~ a obiectivelor - (man.) goal definition deflator s. m. (fin.) deflator deflatie s.f. (fin.) deflation, disinflation deflationist adj. deflationary. disinflationary

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125

defrauda v.t. to defraud, to embezzle, to defalcate, to peculate defraudator s.m. defrauder, embezzler, defaulter, peculator defria v.t. (yn teren) to clear, to grub, to reclaim; (opddure) to clear defrisare s.f. (a unui teren) clearing, grubbing, reclamation; (a unei pdduri) clearing degrada v.r. (despre calitate) to go down degresiv adj. degressive degreva v.t. (de obligatu, datorii) to relieve, to remit; (de sarcini ipotecare, de gaj) to disencumber degrevare s.f. (de obligatu, datorii) relief, remission; (de sarcini ipotecare, de gaj) disencumbrance ~ de dubia impunere - (evitarea platii unui impozit pentru acelasi venit in doud tdri) double taxation relief delapida v.t. to embezzle, to defalcate, to defraud, to peculate delapidare s.f. embezzlement, defalcation, peculation delapidator s.m. embezzler, defalcator, defrauder, peculator delcredere s.n. (corn.) del credere delega v.t. to delegate, to depute delegat s.m. delegate; (imputernicit) mandatory; (loctiitor) deputy; (reprezentant) representative delegatie s.f. 1. (mandat) commission, authorization, mandate, delegation; (misiune) mission 2. (grup) delegation 3. (document) certificate ~ de autoritate - devolution of authority ~ economics - trade mission delict s.n. offence, delinquency, misdemeanour; (financiar) delinquency

demisie s.f. resignation a-i da/a-i inainta demisia - to resign, to send in/to hand in/to tender one's resignation demisiona v.i. to resign, to quit, to send in/to hand in/to tender one's resignation demisionar adj. resigning; vacating; (despre tin cabinet guvernamental) outgoing 5. m. resigner demite v.t. to dismiss, to remove, to discharge (from function/office) demitere s.f. dismissal ~ nejustificata/injusta - wrongful dismissal democratiza v.t. to democratize democratic s.f. democracy ~ industrials - (participarea muncitorilor la luarea deciziilor in intreprinderea unde lucreazd) industrial democracy demonetiza v.t. (a retrage din circulatie o bancnotd, o monedd) to demonetize v.r. (a se devalorizd) to devaluate demonetizare s.f. 1. (retragere din circulatie a unei bancnote, a unei monede) demonetization 2. (devalorizare) devaluation densitate s.f. density ~ de stivuire - tightness ~ in gramada - bulk weight denumi v.t. to name, to denominate denumire s.f. name, denomination ~ a firmei - firm/trade name ~ a marcii - brand name ~ a marfii - denomination of the goods ~ a postului -job title ~ inregistrata - (a firmei) registered name depanav.f. to repair

DEP-DEP

depanare s.f. 1. repair 2. (serviciu) emergency repairs, breakdown service depanator s.m. breakdown mechanic departament.s.n. department ~ autonom (imitate in interiorul unei organizatii care este responsabild de propriul sdu profit) (man.) profit centre ~ central/de coordonare - staff department ~ de control - (unitatea centrald a
unei band care verified toate tranzactiile efectuate) proof department

departamental adj. departmental depai v.t. to exceed; (o suma, o cifrd) to top; (concedinl, o perioadd de timp)
to overstay; (contui in bancd) to

overdraw dependents s.f. dependence

~ de resurse - (asistentd financiard, furnizare de materii prime etc.) (man.)

resource dependence deponent s.m. 1. (de mdrfuri pe baza de contract) bailor 2. (care constitute un depozit bancar) depositor ~ pentru avaria comuna - (asig. mar.) general average depositor deport s.n. (bur.) backwardation deposeda v.t. (de) to dispossess (of); (ilegal) to disseise (of) deposedare s.f dispossession; (ilegald) disseisin depou s.n. depot ~ de locomotive - roundhouse ~ de tramvaie - tramway shed depozit s.n. 1. warehouse, storehouse, storage yard, depot, repository; (de tranzit) entrepot 2. (bancar) (bank) deposit 3. (dr.) (sumd de bani depusd pentru plata unei datorii) tender; (de bunuri in garantie) bailment

~ al expeditorului de marfu ^ (mar.) consignor/shipping depot ~ angro - wholesale warehouse ~ bancar - bank deposit ~ cu preaviz/avizarea retragerii deposit at notice ~ de cherestea - timber yard; (SUA lumberyard ~ de marfa - warehouse ~ de materiale - supply depot ~ de minereuri - ore yard ~ de tranzit - entrepot warehouse ~ descoperit/in aer liber - open depo: ~ m valuta - foreign deposit ~ la cerere - deposit at call, demanc. call deposit ~ la import - (forma de restrictie importurilor prin care importator^ este obligat sd 'depund temporar .banca centrald un procent din valoareimportului) import deposit ~ la termen - time/term deposit ~ la vedere - sight deposit ~ pe chei - quay warehouse ~ pe termen lung - deposit at loot notice ~ pe termen scurt - deposit at she notice ~ pentru containere de schimb container stock holding depot j ~ plutitor - storage vessel, floatMBi storage/warehouse ~ portuar - dock storage, qc warehouse depozite ale bancilor comerciale -i banca centrald) bankers' deposits ~ bancare prealabile - (cerute ; importator ca forma, a barter comerciale nontarifare) prior deposiBfc| ~ interbancare - (fonduri depuse bancd de alte band) interbank depc

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127

depozita v.t. 1. to deposit, to store, to stock, to warehouse; (in antrepozite vamale) to bond 2. (acte, valori pentru pdstrare) to lodge ~ marfuri pe chei - to wharf depozitar s.m. 1. (consignatar) depositary, bailee 2. (agent imobiUar sau impiiternicit care define banii cumpdrdtoruliii unei proprietdti pentru a-i transmite vdnzdtorului) stakeholder depozitare s.f. storage, storing, warehousing ~ de lunga durata - long-term storage ~ de marfuri paletizate - palletized storage ~ externa/pe termen - (metodd de finantare a stocurilor prin care acestea sunt depozitate la sedhd firmei creditoare) (fin.) field warehousing ~ in aer liber - outside/outdoor storage ~ in compartimente frigorifice freezer storage ~ in containere - container storage ~ in stoc - (de mar/a, materii prime) buying forward, forward buying ~ in tranzit - transit storage ~ in vrac - bulk storage ~ pe chei - wharfage ~ temporara - temporary storage depozitat adj. deposited, stored; (in antrepozite vamale) bonded, in-bond depozitie s.f. (dr.) deposition, testimony, evidence; (sub jurdmdnt) affidavit deprecia v.t. (a subevalud) to undervalue, to disvalue, to underrate v.t., v.r. (a devaloriza) to depreciate, to devaluate, to devalue, to recede; (moneda prin aliere etc.) to debase; (timbre) to deface, to cancel

depreciere s.f. (subevah-iare) undervaluation, underrating; (devalorizare) depreciation, devaluation; (monetard prin aliere etc.) debasement; (a tim-brelor) defacement ~ monetara - currency/monetary depreciation depresiune s.f. depression ~ economica economic depression/ slump ~ economica cu inflatie - slumpflation depunator^.w. depositor depune v.t. 1. (bani in banca) to deposit, to bank, to consign 2. (o declaratie vamala) to enter; (o plangere, un protest) to lodge, to enter; (o cerere) to hand in, to file 3. (jiirdmdntid; despre functionari) to be sworn in 4. (mar/a in garantie) to bail ~ bani la banca - to put/to deposit money in the bank, to lodge money at the bank ~ declaratie vamala de intrare - to enter inwards ~ declaratie vamala de plecare - to enter outwards ~ garantie - to give a bail/guarantee, to deposit a guarantee ~ marturie - to give evidence, to testify depunere s.f. 1. (de bani in banca) deposit; consignment 2. (a unei decla-ratii vamale) entering; (a unei plangeri, a unui protest) lodging, entering 3. (de marfd in garantie) bailment ~ cu preaviz/avizarea retragerii deposit at notice, notice deposit ~ la cerere deposit at call, demand/ call deposit ~ la vedere - sight deposit

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dereglementare s.f. (eliminare a reglementdrilor) deregulation derelict s.n. (navd abandonatd) derelict derivat s.n. (produs secundar/auxiliar) by(e)-product derula v.t. 1. (o hartd, un document etc.) to unroll, to spread out; (un cabin) to unwind, to unreel, to uncoil 2. (un contract, o afacere) to carry on descalifica v.t. (a lipsi de calitatea/ dreptui de) (dr.) to disqualify descalificare s.f. (pierdere de drepturi civile si politico) (dr.) disqualification descarca v.t. 1. (o navd etc.) to discharge, to disembark, to unload; to unship, to land 2. (a bascula, a rdsturna) to dump; 3. (a exonera) to exonerate; (a absolvi, a achita) to absolve, to discharge; (a plati, lichida o datorie) to discharge ~ cu nava in stare de plutire - to discharge afloat descarcare s.f. 1. (a unei nave etc.) discharge, discharging, disembarkation, unloading; unshipment, landing 2. (basculare) dumping 3. (exonerare) exoneration; (absolvire, achitare) discharge ~ de marfa in minus - short landing of cargo ~ de pe nava pe chei - ship-to-shore discharge ~ in contui armatorului - gross terms discharge ~ in plus - (fafd de cantitatea din documente) overlanding ~ in port - port discharge ~ in rada - offshore discharge/ discharging/unloading

~ in stare de plutire - (a navL^ discharge afloat, afloat discharge ~ partiala - partial unloading ~ peste bord - overboard discharge descarcat adj. discharged, unloaded; unshipped, landed ~ in minus - (fata de documente) short-landed descarcator s.m. discharger, unloader; (docher) docker, stevedore descentraliza v.t. to decentralize deschidere s.f. opening ~ catre public - (transformarea unei
companii particulare/inchise intr-una

publicd/deschisd) going public ~ de incarcare - (guri de magazie, saborduri in bordaj) (mar.) loading aperture/opening
~ de tonaj - (la navele cu punte de

protectie) tonnage opening descoperi v.t. (un zdcdmdnt) to strike descoperire s.f. (a unui zdcdmdnt) strike descoperit adj. 1. (in cont, credit prin cont descoperit in situatia in care titularul a efectuat prelevdri superioare activelor existente sau limitei de credit acordat) overdraft 2. (lipsd de titluri in portofoliu) uncovered position ~ in cont fara garantie - unsecured overdraft descriere s.f. description ~ a brevetului - patent specification ~ a postului - (man.) job description ~ a sarcinilor de serviciu ale unui director sau ale unui specialist management job description ~ comerciala - (a mdrfurilor oferite spre vdnzare) trade description ~ corecta/exacta - (a unui produs intr-o reclamd) accurate description

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129

desemna v.t. to designate; (intr-un post, ofunctie) to appoint, to nominate desemnare s.f. designation; (intr-un post, o functie) appointment, nomination deservi v.t. 1. (populatia) to serve 2. (un utilaj, o instalatie) to service, to handle deservire s.f. 1. service 2. (a unui utilaj, a unei instalatii) service, handling ~ a unui port de catre caile ferate railway service to a port desface v.t. \. {un contract) to cancel, to annul, to void, to undo; (un contract de munca) to sever 2. (a vinde) to sell, to market desfacere s.f. 1. (a unui contract) cancellation, annulment, undoing; (a unui contract de munca) severance 2. (yanzare) sale desfacut adj. (neambalat; despre unele mdrfurf) loose desfasura v.t. 1. (a etala) to display, to show 2. (o activitate) to carry on, to unfold desfasurator s.n. (cont.) spreadsheet desfiinta v.t. 1. to abolish, to suppress; (a anula) to cancel, to annul; (a abroga) to abrogate, to repeal, to rescind 2. (un cartel) to decartelize; (o corporate) to disincorporate desfiintare s.f. 1. abolishment, suppression; (anulare) cancellation, annulment; (abrogare) abrogation, repeal, rescission 2. (a unui cartel) decartelization; (a unei corporatii) disincorporation ~ a cuponului (transformarea unei obligatiuni obisnuite intr-una cu cupon zero) coupon stripping

design s.n. design ~ de mediu - (designul fabricilor si al cladirilor administrative) environmental design ~ industrial - industrial design designer s. m. designer despacheta v.t. to unpack; (baloturi de mar/a) to unbale; (din Idzi, cutii) to uncase despagubi v.t. to indemnify, to compensate, to requite; (pentru cheltuieli) to reimburse, to refund; (pentru servicii) to remunerate; (pentru daune, prejudicil) to make amends to despagubire s.f. indemnification, indemnity, compensation, requital, recovery; (legala) remedy; (pentru cheltuielf) reimbursement, refund; (pentru servicii) remuneration; (daune) damages, amends, reparations ~ a pagubelor de avarie ,,ca de obicei" - (asig. mar.) average as customary ~ baneasca/pecuniara - pecuniary compensation ~ in natura - recovery in kind ~ legala - legal remedy/redress ~ pentru accidente de munca worksmen's compensation ~ pentru rezilierea contactului smart money ~ stabilita prin acordul partilor remedy by agreement between the parties ~ stabilita prin proces - remedy by judicial process despagubiri contractuale - liquidated damages ~ cu titlu de penalizare - vindictive damages ~ de razboi - war reparations

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~ necontractuale - (stabilite de instanta) damages at large, unliquidated damages a cere ~ - to claim/to recover damages a fi pasibil de plata despagubirilor -to be liable for damages desperecheat adj. (despre un articol) odd, not paired, incomplete destinatar s.m. addressee; (al unei remiteri) remittee, recipient; (al unei plati) payee; (consignatar) consignee destinatie s.f. destination ~ finala ultimate destination destitui v.t. to dismiss, to discharge destituire s.f. dismissal, discharge ~ ilegala/injusta unfair/wrongful dismissal destivui v. t. to unstow destivuire s.f. (in vederea descarcdrii) unstowing deseu s.n. waste, wastage, remnant, refuse; (rebut) scrap; (rezultat din transarea unui animal) offal deeuri de bumbac - cotton wastes ~ de cherestea - off-cuts ~ de fier iron scrap ~ de grau - offal wheat ~ de hartie - off-cuts, paper refuse ~ industriale - industrial wastes ~ radioactive - radioactive wastes ~ reciclabile - reducible wastes ~ refolosibile - utility refuse/wastes detailist s.m. retail dealer, retailer, small trader detalia v.t. to detail; (a specified, a enumera) to itemize detaa v.t., v.r. (a schimba serviciul/ locul de munca) to relocate detaare s.f. (transfer, schimbare a serviciuhii/locului de munca) relocation

deteriora v.t. to deteriorate, to impair. to damage; (fata unei bancnote, a unui cec) to deface deteriorare s.f. deterioration. impairment, damage; (a fetei unei bancnote, a unui cec) defacement ~ a capitalului - (situatia in care capitalul unei institutii financiare scade sub nivelul prevdzut de reglementdrile legale) capital impairment ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - (in timpul transportului) cargo damage ~ prin depozitare - (a mdrfurilor} storing damage ~ prin strivire/zdrobire - crushing damage determina v.t. 1. (a stabili, a fixa, a decide) to determine; (a convinge) to persuade, to convince; (a obliga) to bind over 2. (a stabili, a constata) to ascertain; (daunele) (asig.) to adjust ~ calitatea unei marfi - to ascertain the quality of a commodity ~ creterea preturilor - to force up prices ~ scaderea preturilor - to force down prices determinare s.f. 1. (stabilire, fixare'i determination; (convingere} persuasion, conviction; (constr anger e\ binding over 2. (constatare} ascertainment; (a daunelor) (asig. i adjustment ~ a costului total al fluxului tehno-logic (pentru realizarea unui produs} (cont.) process costing ~ a costurilor directe direct costing ~ a costurilor variabile variable costing ~ a obiectivelor - (man.) goal setting

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131

~ a preturilor de vanzare pe baza costurilor medii - average-cost pricing ~ a preturilor de vanzare plus o cota marginala fixa - cost-plus pricing ~ a preturilor de vanzare prin tatonari fixing prices by trial and error deturna v.t. (fonduri) to defalcate, to embezzle, to peculate, to misappropriate deturnare s.f. (de fonduri) defalcation, embezzlement, peculation, misappropriation, fraudulent conversion detinator.s'./n. holder ~ al dreptului de posesiune pe viata sau pe termen - (dr.) termor ~ al politei de asigurare - (titularul unei polite de asigurare de viata) policy holder ~ al unei autorizatii/licente - licensee ~ al unei fransize - franchiser ~ de actiuni comune - equity holder, common stockholder ~ de certificate provizorii - (de acfiuni, obligatiuni) scripholder ~ de obligatiuni bondholder ~ pentru valori furnizate - (al unei cambii) holder for value detine v.t. (a poseda) to possess, to own, to hold; (o pozitie, o situatie) to hold ~ un post/o functie - to hold an office detinere s.f. holding ~ de actiuni de catre salariati (recompensarea salariatilor cu actiuni) (man.) employee shareholding ~ de actiuni pentru administrare -(de catre o persoand fizicd sau juri-dicd, pentru ca proprietarul real sd rdmdnd necunoscut) nominee shareholding

~ ilegala a unui bun - (dr.) detinue ~ reciproca de actiuni - (de catre doud sau mai multe societdti) cross holding, reciprocal shareholding devaloriza v.t. 1. (moneda etc.) to devaluate, to devalue, to depreciate; (moneda prin aliere etc.) to debase 2. (a ieftini) to mark down devalorizare s.f. 1. (monetard etc.) devaluation, depreciation; (a unei monede prin aliere etc.) debasement 2. (leftinire) marking down ~ monetara - currency devaluation/ depreciation devalmaie s.f. commonage dever s.n. (rate of) turnover, business (done) devize, n. estimate ~ aproximativ - rough estimate ~ centralizator - summarized estimate ~ descriptiv - specification ~ estimativ - estimate of costs, cost estimate; bill of quantities ~ exagerat - overestimate devize s.f. pi. foreign exchange/ currency ~ de cliring - clearing foreign exchange dezacords.n. disagreement, dissent dezarima v.t. (mar.) to break out/bulk dezarimare s.f. (mar.) breaking out/ bulk dezasamblat adj. (alcdtuit din parti
componente gata de asamblare)

knocked-down dezasortat adj. (despre un articol) odd, not paired, incomplete dezavantaj s.n. disadvantage; (neajuns) drawback,-shortcoming dezavantaj a v.t. to disadvantage

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DEZ-DIF

dezechilibru s.n. disequilibrium, want/lack of balance; (al balantei comerciale, de plati etc.) imbalance;
(decalaj) gap

(pferite de date confidentiale de cdtre o bancd despre conturile unui client}

disclosure
dezvolta v.t. to develop; (a imbundtdti) to improve

~ al balantei de plati - disequilibrium in the balance of payments ~ economic economic disequilibrium dezeconomie s.f. diseconomy dezeconomii de scara (fenomen caracterizat prin cresterea pe termen lung a costului mediu dincolo de nivelul optim al productiei) diseconomies of scale dezindustrializare s.f. deindustrial-ization dezinflatie s.f. (proces care se manifestd prin incetinirea durabild si autointretinutd a ratei de crestere a nivelului general al preturilor) (fin.) disinflation ~ competitiva - (care se manifesto atunci cdnd o anumitd tard reuseste sd aibd o monedd puternicd si o inflatie mai redusd decdt cea a tdrilor partenere) competitive disinflation dezintermediere s.f. (procesul prin care intermediarii financiari, de exemplu handle, sunt eliminati din lantui care transferd banii de la creditorul initial cdtre debitorul final) disintermediation dezmoteni v.t. to disinherit dezmostenire s.f. disinheritance dezodorizare s.f. odour removal dezvalui v.t. to disclose dezvaluire s.f. 1. (pferire de informatii complete, obligatia persoanei care incheie o asigurare de a oferi asigurdtorului toate informatiile referitoare la bunurile sau interesele propuse pentru asigurare) disclosure 2.

dezvoltare s.f. development: improvement; growth ~ a gamei sortimentale - product development ~ economica - economic development ~ economica durabila - sustainable economic development ~ organica/structurala - (a unei firme) (man.) organic growth ~ umana - human development diagrama s.f. diagram, chart ~ a activitatii - activity chart ~ a circulatiei fondurilor sau a marfurilor flow chart ~ a operatiilor - procedure chart ~ a organizarii - organization chart ~ a pragului de rentabilitate -breakeven chart ~ a procentului de munca manuala -twohanded process chart ~ a procesului muncii - operating process chart ~ a procesului tehnologic - process chart, flow diagram ~ a stadiului procesului de productie progress chart ~ de dispersie - (in statistica matematicd) scatter chart ~ de incarcare - (mar.) deadweight displacement scale ~ de programare a proiectului -project planning chart ~ volumetrica de activitate - (pe o anumitd perioada) volume chart diferend s.n. disagreement, difference-dispute, argument

DIF-DIR

133

diferenta s.f. 1. difference 2. (dintre pretui pe care un dealer de valori mobiliare il oferd pentru titlurile de valoare si pretui la care Ie revinde, dintre preturile pentru livrdrile spot sau futures, dintre cursul de cumpdrare si eel de vdnzare al unei volute, dintre rata rentabilitdtii activelor si costui pasivelor) spread 3. (la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui de exercitiu dintr-un contract la termen si pretui spot) basis ~ de calitate - difference in quality ~ de pescaj - (asietd) (mar.) draft/draught/trim difference ~ de plata - difference to pay ~ de pret - difference in price ~ de salariu - (pdnd la nivelul salariului de baza) make-up pay ~ in plus sau in minus - difference over or under diferentia v.t. to differentiate v.r. to differentiate, to become differentiated diferential adj. differential; (discriminatoriu, preferential) discriminating diferentiere s.f. differentiation ~ a produselor - product differentiation dificultate s.f. 1. difficulty 2. (jend financiard) embarrassment, straits, stringency dig s.n. dam, dike, embankment; (la ware) jetty, seawall; breakwater dijmas s.m. peasant on quitrent; sharecropper dijma s.f. (in bani) quitrent; (in naturd, in parte) metayage; (in grdne) terrage, rent paid in corn a lucra in ~ - to sharecrop diluare s.f. dilution

~ a capitalului propriu - (mdrirea numdrului actiunilor existente fdrd cresterea corespunzdtoare a profitului sau a activelor societdtii respective) (bur.) dilution of equity ~ a fortei de munca - (angajarea de muncitori necalificati pentru lucrdri efectuate de obicei de personal calificat) dilution of labour dimensiune s.f. dimension; (mdrime) size ~ speciala - (la confectii) odd size dimensiuni de gabarit - overall dimensions ~ standard de container - container dimensions diminua v.t., v.r. to diminish, to decrease, to slacken diminuare s.f. diminution, decrease, slackening din prep. (vdndut din; despre mdrfuri) (corn.) ex ~ depozit - ex warehouse ~ doc/chei - ex dock/quay/wharf ~ nava (in portui de livrare) ex ship ~ ordinul si in contui - for and on behalf of ~ uzina - ex factory/mill/works dinamic adj. dynamic(al) dinamica s.f. dynamics ~ economica - economic dynamics diplomat adj. (titrat, cu titlu universitar) graduate, graduated s.m. diplomat(ist) directiva s.f. directive, direction, instruction director s.m. manager, managing director, head manager; (executiv) executive (manager) ~ adjunct - assistant/deputy manager

134

DIR-DIS

~ al departamentului de contabilitate - accounting manager ~ al departamentului de export export manager ~ al departamentului de publicitate advertising manager ~ al registrului de comert - registrar of companies ~ al serviciului de personal - staff manager ~ artistic - art director/editor ~ comercial - business/sales/ commercial manager; (responsabil cu productia si vdnzared) line executive ~ de echipa - (unul dintre principalii manageri ai unei agentii de publicitate, care conduce echipa insdrcinatd cu deservirea unui client) account director ~ de filiala/sucursala branch manager ~ de investitii - investment manager ~ de productie - production manager ~ de produse - (responsabil cu promovarea si comercializared) brand manager ~ de ziar - editor; (SUA) publisher ~ executiv - executive manager; (SUA) chief executive ~ general - general manager ~ interimar acting manager ~ - membru in consiliul de admi-nistratie - executive director ~ pentru probleme de calitate -quality manager ~ - proprietar - owner-manager ~ regional - district manager ~ responsabil cu vanzarile pe teren -field sales manager ~ tehnic - chief/head engineer directorate./!, directorship

directie s.f. 1. (conducere\ management 2. (centrala) head office dirija v.t. 1. (a administra, a conduces to direct, to manage, to control 2. (moneda, piata etc.) to control dirijism s.n. state interference disagio s.n. (diferenta dintre valoarea nominald si cursul pietei pentru o moneda. sau un titlu de valoare) disagio discipline s.f. discipline ~ financiara financial discipline discont s.n. (procent mcasat din valoarea titlurilor de credit de cdtre bancd ca urmare a rdscumpdrdri: acestora inainte de scadentd) discount discontare s.f. (pperatiune prin care se determind valoarea actuald a unm venit viitor, ludndu-se in considerate raportui dintre cererea si oferta de bunuri si active financiare, evolutia costurilor, a tehnologiilor de fabncatie} discounting discrepanta s.f. discrepancy; (decalaj) gap ~ dintre costuri - (estimate si efective) cost variance ~ statistics statistical discrepancy discretionar adj. discretionary discrimina v.t. to discriminate discriminare s.f. (comerciald, tarifard) discrimination ~ a fortei de munca - employment discrimination ~ comerciala - trade discrimination ~ de varsta - (la angajare) age discrimination discriminatoriu adj. (despre tarife. preturi etc.) discriminating, discriminatory

DIS-DIS

135

disimulare s.f. (a activelor de cdtre un falit, a adevaruhd de cdtre un asigurat etc.) concealment disjungere s.f. (a mai multor procese) (dr.) severance (of causes) disociere s.f. (divizarea fluxurilor de numerar de la filiala unei societdti-mamd in mai multe elemente componente pentru cresterea probabilitdtii existentei unor fonduri in perioade de dificultate economicd) (fin.) unbundling dispasa s.f. (declarable de avarie) (asig. mar.) adjustment, statement ~ conform legilor straine - (din portid de descdrcare, destinatie sail escald) foreign average/statement ~ de avarie - average adjustment/statement ~ de avarie comuna - general average adjustment/statement ~ de avarie particulars - particular average adjustment/statement dispasor s.m. (expert de evaluare a avariei) (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker dispatch s.n. (timp economisit la incdrcarea sau descdrcarea navei) (mar.) dispatch, saved time dispecer s.m. controller, dispatcher dispensa v.t. (de) to dispense (from), to exempt (from), to absolve (from) dispensa s.f. dispensation, exemption; (speciala) licence disponibil adj. \. available, disposable, ready; (despre un spatiu) vacatable; (suplimentar, excedentar) spare 2. (cu livrare imediata) spot s.n. pi. (mar/a disponibild/cu livrare imediata) spots, spot goods ~ de numerar in banca - cash at bank

disponibilitate s.f. 1. availability 2. pi. (active lichide) (fin.) available/liquid assets, disposable funds ~ de export - export availability ~ imediata - immediate availability dispozitie s.f. 1. (prevedere) provision, stipulation; (ordin) order 2. (dispunere, asezare) disposal, disposition ~ de incasare - collection order ~ de incarcare loading/shipping order ~ de lucru - (scrisd) job order ~ de plata - payment order ~ de virament - transfer order ~ testamentara - devise dispozitii de suspendare a platii (unui cec) orders not to pay ~ stricte/riguroase/severe - stringent regulations dispune v.t. 1. (a ordona) to order, to dispose; (a decide) to decide 2. (a prevedea; despre o lege) to enjoin 3. (a aranja) to dispose, to arrange, to set out; (a aseza) to place, to put, to set v.i. (de bani, resurse) to command distanta s.f. distance ~ de calcul al navlului - (mar.) chargeable distance ~ in mile - mileage ~ in iarzi - yardage ~ parcursa in balast - (fdrd mar/a) (mar.) dead mileage distribui v.t. to distribute, to deal/to give/to share out; (proportional) to apportion distribuire s.f. distribution; (proportionald) apportionment ~ a resurselor - resource allocation ~ expresa/urgenta - (a postei) special delivery ~ gratuita - free delivery

136

D1S-DIV

~ selectiva - (a produselor, operatd de producdtor pentru anumiti detailisti) selective distribution distribuitors.m. distributor ~ automat - robot distributor, penny--in-the-slot machine ~ de sarcini taskmaster distribute s.f. distribution ~ a marfurilor fara intermediari -first-hand distribution ~ a veniturilor - income distribution ~ cu amanuntui - retail distribution district s.n. district; (regiune) region, area distrugere s.f. destruction ~ intentionata (pentru incasarea asigurdrii) voluntary waste diurna s.f. daily fee/allowance divers adj. diverse, varied, various, multifarious, sundry; miscellaneous s.f. pi. 1. (rubricd de ziar) miscellaneous column; news items 2. (cheltuieli diverse) sundry expenses, sundries diverse si neprevazute - (mentiune la sfdrsitui devizului unei constructii) miscellaneous contingencies diversifica v.t., v.r. to diversify, to vary diversificare s.f. (a liniei de produse, a pietelor de comercializare, a gamei activelor financiare detinute in portofoliu de un investitor in scopul diminudrii riscului) diversification ~ a liniei de produse - line filling ~ a produselor - product diversification ~ a riscului - risk diversification ~ ineficienta - (selectia a 10 pdnd la 15 active intr-un portofoliu) (fin.) superfluous diversification dividend s. n. dividend

~ -actiune - (platit in actiuni supli-mentare si nu in numerar) stock dividend ~ final - (dividendul vdrsat la sfarsilul anului financiar de o societate care a distribuit dividende intermediare) final dividend ~ intermediar/partial - (dividends distribuit periodic in contui dividen-dului final aferent exercitiului financiar in curs) interim dividend ~ neachitat - unpaid dividend ~ nepreferentiaVneprivilegiat (aferent actiunilor comune) ordinary dividend ~ platit prin certificat provizoriu -(care prevede plata in numerar la c data ulterioard specificata) scnr dividend ~ preferential/privilegiat - (aferere actiunilor preferentiale/privilegiate i preferred/preferrence dividend ~ statutar statutory dividend ~ suplimentar bonus/extra/special surplus dividend dividende cumulative - (ale actiunilor preferentiale/privilegiate care nu a* fost achitate la scadenta} accumulative cumulative dividends ~ pe actiune dividends per share ~ platite in numerar cash dividends divizare s.f. 1. division 2. (a una societdti) demerger; (a unei compans in unitdti distincte pentru a acopefi mai bine diferite sectoare ale piefe^ (man.) divisionalization ~ a actiunii - (mdsurd contabild de crestere a numdrului de actiuni circulate fdrd emisiunea unor actiias , not, insd prin divizarea celor existentf'

D1V-DOC

137

in alte actiuni cu valoare mai mica) share/stock split ~a unei activitati - (in munci/sarcini cu grad egal de dificultate) job dilution divizibilitate s.f. divisibility ~ a factorilor de productie divisibility of production factors diviziune s.f. division diviziunea muncii - division of labour ~ sociala a muncii - social division of labour dizolva v.t. 1. (parlamentui, o adunare) to dissolve 2. (o companie) to dissolve, to disincorporate dizolvare s.f. 1. (a parlamentului, a unei adundri) dissolution 2. (a unei companii) dissolution, disincorporation dobanda s.f. interest ~ bancara - bank/banking interest ~ bruta - gross interest ~ capitalizata - accrued interest ~ camatareasca - usury ~ compusa - (yenitui sau remuneratia pidtitd sau primitd pentru serviciul unui capital in conditiile capitalizdrii sale, fapt ce implied transformarea dobdnzii primite in capital, calculdndu-se astfel dobanda la dobanda) compound interest ~ creditoare - (generatd de o creanta) interest earned ~ curenta - running interest ~ de asigurare - (pe care creditorul o primeste de pe urma proprietdtii debitorului pentru asigurarea platii unui credit) security interest ~ de incasat de la clientii insolvabili interest in suspense ~ debitoare - (pidtitd pentru o datorie) interest paid ~ interbancara - interbank rate

~ intermediara - (care nu este incd scadentd, calculatd de la ultima scadentd pdnd la o zi de referintd care precede viitoarea scadentd) broken--period interest ~ ipotecara - mortgage interest ~ la conturile de depozit - interest on deposit accounts ~ la imprumutui pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta - day-to-day rate ~ la vedere - (pentru cecuri si cambii) sight/short rate ~ moratorie - (dobanda datoratd in mod legal sau convenitd in cazul in care un debitor nu si-a achitat datoria la scadentd) default interest ~ neachitata/restanta outstanding interest ~ negativa - (dobanda perceputd de cdtre o bancd la un cont de depozit pentru descurajarea rezidentilor strain! privind constituirea de depozite) negative interest ~ neta - net/pure interest ~ nominala (remunerarea efectivd a unui capital in expresie monetard la pretui pietei) nominal interest ~ penalizatoare - penalty interest ~ reala - (venitui sau remunerarea unui capital calculatd prin deducerea inflatiei din dobanda nominala) real/true interest ~ simpla/necapitalizata - simple/ ordinary interest a aduce ~ - to bear/to carry/to pay/to yield interest dobandi v.t. to obtain, to get, to acquire doc s.n. (mar.) 1. (constructie de andocare) dock 2. (bazin portuar) dock (basin), harbour/port basin

138

DOC-DOM

~ comercial - commercial dock ~ de constructii navale - shipbuilding dock ~ plutitor - floating/flooding dock ~ uscat - dry dock, concrete/graving dock a iesi din docuri - to undock docher s.m. docker, dock/waterside worker, dockhand, docksman, longshoreman, shoreman, loader, lumper, porter ~ de cereale - corn porter ~ de cherestea - deal porter ~ de magazie - hatchman, hatchwayman ~ la copastie - sideman ~ pe chei - wharfman, quay-side worker ~ pe puntea navei - dockman on deck ~ specializat - stevedore doctrina s.f. doctrine ~ economica - economic doctrine document s.n. document, act; (juridic) deed, act and deed, instrument ~ insotitor - accompanying document ~ inactiv (document/contract in care nu au fost trecute numele) dormant deed ~ justificativ - document in proof, supporting document ~ oflcial secret - classified document ~ original - master copy ~ -sursa - (facturi, note de plata etc.) (cont.) source document documente ale navei - ship's documents/papers ~ comerciale - commercial documents ~ contra acceptare - (mentiune care semnificd faptui cd documentele nu vor
fi remise cumpdrdtorului decdt contra

acceptdrii unei cambii) documents against acceptance ~ contra plata - {mentiune prin care se specified faptui cd documentele nu vor fi remise cumpdrdtorului deed: contra plata) documents against payment ~ contra plata in numerar documents against cash ~ contra prezentare - documents against presentation ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar. i average papers ~ de expeditie - forwarding documents ~ de export - export documents: (mar.) shipping documents ~ de incarcare - loading documents: (mar.) shipper's papers ~ de lichidare in vama - clearance papers ~ de transport - carriage documents ~ de transport maritim - shipping documents ~ negociabile - negotiable documents instruments ~ vamale - customs documents/papers documentar adj. documentary documentatie s.f. documentation ~ de credit - loan submission do\ar s.m. dollar ~ -marfa - commodity dollar domeniu s.n. 1. (proprietate, mosic domain, estate, landed property; (dr.demesne 2. (stiintific) field, scope; idr activitate) branch ~ inrudit - related field ~ public - public property ~ regal/al coroanei - crown land domicilia v.;. 1. to reside, to dwell 2. <
fixa locul de plata al unui efect

comert) to domicile, to domiciliate

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139

domiciliatar s.m. (agent de platd al tinui efect de comerf) paying agent domiciliere s.f. 1. residence 2. (fixare a loctilui de platd al unui efect de comerf) domiciliation domiciliu s.n. 1. residence, abode, dwelling place; (legal) domicile 2. (bancd mandatatd de o societate care a emis titluri de valoare sd efectueze toate operatiunile curente privitor la aceste titluri) paying agent/office; (de platd al unei cambii) domicile ~ ales - address for service ~ de origine - domicile of origin ~ fiscal - residence for tax purposes ~ stabil - permanent residence dona v.t. to donate, to grant, to give donatar s.m. donee, grantee donators.m. donor, grantor, giver donatie s.f. donation, grant, gift dosar s.n. 1. file; record, dossier 2. (al unuiproces) brief ~ activ/in folosinta - active file ~ cu copii de acte/documente copybook ~ individual - individual file dosare ale salariatilor - personnel files/records dota v.t. 1. (o institute) to endow 2. (a echipa) to equip, to fit out dotare s.f. 1. (a unei institutii) endowment 2. (echipare) equipment; pi. (amenajdri) appointments dovada s.f. evidence, proof; (certificat) certificate ~ a originii - (unui produs) proof of origin ~ de imbarcare a marfurilor shipping receipt ~ de livrare - (a mdrfii) certificate of delivery

~ de marfuri antrepozitate warehouse bond ~ de primire - (a mdrfii) dock receipt dozare s.f. dosing ~ in greutate - weight feed drahma s.f. (unitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) dram ~ lichida - fluid dram drastic adj. (despre reduceri bugetare) swingeing drept s.n. 1. right; (privilegiu) privilege, charter 2. law ~ bancar - banking law ~ cambial - exchange law ~ civil - civil law ~ comercial - commercial/mercantile law ~ consuetudinar/cutumiar consuetudinary/common law ~ contractual - contract law ~ contractual de retentie - contract lien ~ de a actiona in judecata - right of action ~ de a bate moneda - free coinage ~ de a executa - (prin judecata) right to enforce ~ de angarie - (mar.) right of angary ~ de autor - copyright ~ de azil - right of sanctuary ~ de control/vizita - (mar.) right of inspection/search ~ de conversiune - (drept prin care obligatiunile convertible emise de o societate pot fi schimbate cu actiuni emise de aceeasi societate) conversion right ~ de folosinta in comun - (a pdmdntului, apasunilor) commonage ~ de folosire a macaralelor (portuare) cranage

140

DRE-l

~ de gaj - legal lien ~ de gaj fara deposedare - (drept de gaj asupra unui bun fdrd transferul fizic al acestuia cdtre creditorul gajist, transferal de proprietate fund inlocuit prin inscrierea dreptului de gaj intr-un registru) registered lien ~ de gaj imobiliar - real estate lien ~ de greva - right to strike ~ de mostenire - heirdom ~ de mostenire limitat - (succesiune transmisibild pe lima descendentilor masculini saufeminini) tail ~ de munca - right to work ~ de negociere - (a unui contract) bargaining power ~ de optiune - right of option ~ de pescuit - right of fishery, fishing right; (in ape strdine) piscary ~ de preemptiune - (clauzd din contracted de societate si statut care da actionarilor comuni dreptui de a cumpdra proportional noi emisiuni de actiuni comune sau titluri de valoare covertibile in actiuni comune etc.) preemptive right, right of preemption ~ de prioritate asupra ofertei - right of first refusal ~ de privilegiu si sechestru asupra navei in constructie - shipbuilding lien ~ de proprietate - proprietary right, proprietorship, ownership ~ de rascumparare - right of repurchase; (al unui bun ipotecaf) equity of redemption ~ de recuperare - right of recovery ~ de (re)intrare in posesie - {asupra unui teren) right of entry ~ de retentie - (dreptui creditorului de a pdstra o proprietate a debitorului

restant pdnd cand acesta isi aohlfir | intreaga datorie) (possessory) lien , ~ de retentie al armatorului - (asupw ' mdrfil) shipowner's lien ~ de retentie al carausului - camer'l lien ~ de retentie al comandantului (asupra mdrfil) shipmaster's lien ~ de retentie al vanzatorului - (pass. cand cumpdrdtorul achitd integral. pretui proprietdtii) vendor's hex: seller's lien ~ de retentie asupra actiunilor - hia on shares ~ de retentie asupra marHi - lien OB cargo, cargo lien ~ de retentie asupra navei - bottonny lien ~ de retentie cu privilegiu - senior lien : ~ de retentie de catre agentui Je I asigurare - (a politei de asigurar^\ broker's lien ~ de retentie echitabil - equitable lies ~ de retentie general - general lien ~ de retentie pentru navlu - (mar\ freight lien ~ de retentie pentru plata conti staliilor - (mar.) demurrage lien ~ de retentie pentru pla impozitelor - tax lien ~ de retentie si privilegiu al ec! pajului (asupra navei si a inca cdturii in cazul nepldtii salariilc seamen's hen ~ de retentie si privilegiu maritim maritime lien ~ de retentie si privilegiu pentt remuneratia de salvare - (mar^ salvage bond/lien

DRE-DUM

141

~ de returnare - (a mdrfurilor nevdndute) right of return ~ de semnatura right/authority to sign ~ de trecere - (pe o proprietate) wayleave; (mar.) right of way ~ de uzufruct usufructuary right ~ de vanzare - (dreptui executoruhii testamentar de a vinde o parte din masa succesorala) power of sale ~ de vot - voting power/right ~ de vot diferential - (referitor la actiunile care oferd sau nu drept de vot) differential voting ~ dispozitiv - yielding law ~ exclusiv - exclusive/sole right ~ funciar ground law ~ inalienabil - unalienable right ~ incorporal - (drept de uzufruct cu excluderea dreptului de midd proprietate) incorporeal hereditament ~ intern municipal law ~ international international law, law of nations ~ maritim - marine/maritime/sea law, law of the sea ~ maritim comercial - merchant shipping law, law of merchant shipping ~ maritim de priza - maritime/naval prize law ~ maritim international international maritime law, international law of the sea ~ maritim militar naval/navy's law ~ natural - equity ~ nerevendicat - unclaimed right ~ penal - criminal/coercive law ~ preferential - preferential right ~ privat - private law ~ public - public law ~ roman - Roman law

~ scris - statutory law ~ succesoral - succession law drepturi civile - civil rights ~ de brevet - patent rights ~ de subscriptie - (drept acordat actionarilor de a participa la cresterea capitalului unei societdti) subscription rights, rights issue ~ fractionare - (drept insuficient de subscriptie pentru a permite subscriptia unei actiuni noi in cazul unei cresteri de capital) fractional rights ~ patrimoniale - (drepturi aferente unei actiuni) property rights ~ sociale - (drepturi conferite de statutui de actionar) membership rights ~ speciale de tragere - (instrument monetar international creat de FMI, folosit in principal ca imitate monetard de cont si de rezervd) special drawing rights drum s.n. road; (strada) street; (sosed) highway; (artera) thoroughfare; (ruta) route ~ de antier - site road ~ maritim - sea route, seaway ~ maritim comercial - shipping lane/route ~ maritim costier - coastwise sea lane ~ oceanic - ocean passage, lane route drumar s.m. roadman dublu adj. double dubia impunere - (taxe duble sau multiple, prelevate de mat multe
autoritdti fiscale asupra aceluiasi

venit) double taxation dumping s.n. (export de mdrfuri la prefuri inferioare celor de pe piata

142

internd si mondiald cu scopul de a

pdtrunde pe noi piete si a Ie acapara ulterior) dumping ~ in aval/de furnizare - downstream dumping ~ valutar - (bazat pe decalajul creat mtre cursul, micsorat intentional, al valutei nationale a tdrii exportatoare
fata de cursul valutei tdrii impor-

tatoare) exchange dumping a face ~ cu - to dump duopol s.n. (piatd oligopolistd pe care opereazd doi ofertanti) duopoly duopson s.n. (piatd pe care cererea este restrdnsd, existdnd numai doi cumpdrdtori care pot sd-si impund pretui} duopsony dupaprep. as ~ cum se vede - (fdrd nici un fel de
garantie pentru mdrfurile vdndute) as

seen duplicat s.n. duplicate, tenor, ditto ~ al unei cambii - duplicate of exchange durata s.f. 1. duration, period 2. (termen, scadenta} term ~ a dreptului de autor - duration of copyright ~ a exercitarii - (unei functii) tenure

~ a transportului pe mare - shipping time ~ de depozitare - (cow.) storage/shelf life ~ de executie/derulare a unui contract - contract horizon ~ de exploatare/utilizare - period of service, useful/working life, working service/time ~ de functionare - (service) life ~ de operare - (incdrcare ?i descdrcare a navel} handling time ~ de stationare in dana - (a navel} on-berth time ~ de stationare in portui final/iD terminal - (mtre sosirea si plecarea unei nave comerciale} tum-around period ~ de uzura - wear life ~ de mare functionare - long life ~ medie de viata - expectation of life, life expectancy ~ probabila de descarcare - (in ztle sau fractiuni de zi) expected' discharging days ~ utila de functionare - useful life duzina s.f. dozen ~ completa - round dozen - mare - (cu 13 bucdti) long/baker^ dozen

E
ecarts.n. deviation; (decalaf) gap ~ de credit - (formula care desemneazd conflictui dintre interesul vdnzdtorului de a-si primi banii cat mai curdnd si eel al cumpdrdtorului de a plati cat mai tdrzin) (corn.) credit gap ~ inflationist - (criteria si indicator de mdsurare a intensitdtii procesidui inflationist) inflationary gap ecartaments.n. gauge ~ de cale ferata - rail(way) gauge ~ mgust - narrow gauge echilibra v.t. to equilibrate; (un buget) to balance echilibrare s.f. equilibration ~ a cererii - (cu nivelul productiei) demand matching echilibru s.n. equilibrium; balance ~ al consumatorului - (nivelul maxim al utilitdtii totale de care beneficiazd un consumator din bunurile cumpdrate cu un anumit venit) consumer equilibrium ~ al pietei - market equilibrium ~ al producatorului - (atingerea echilibrului optim mtre factorii de productie, fapt ce asigurd obtinerea unui volum de productie dat cu costuri cat mai mici) producer/supplier equilibrium ~ al resurselor umane - {stare de concordantd relativd dintre cantitatea, structura si calitatea factorului uman activ disponibil si necesitdtile de resurse de muncd ale utilizatorilor) human resources equilibrium ~ bugetar - (concordanta dintre cheltuielile i vemturile bugetului public) budgetary equilibrium ~ concurential - competitive equilibrium ~ general (al pietelor aflate in stare de interdependentd, manifestat prin inexistenta excesului de cerere sau de oferta) general equilibrium ~ partial - (stare de echilibru a variabilelor de pe o anumitd piatd, dintr-un anumit sector, domeniu etc.) partial equilibrium ~ valutar - (concordantd dinamicd intre incasdrile si platile in valuta ale unei tdri intr-o perioadd determinatd de timp) currency equilibrium echipa v.t. to equip, to outfit; (o nava) to man, to fit out echipaj s.n. (de nava) crew, complement, hands; (al unei aeronave) (air) crew ~ complet - full crew/commission/ complement ~ de nava comerciala - shipping personnel ~ redus - reduced complement ~ strain - foreign crew ~ temporar - (care inlocuieste echipajul pe timpul stationdrii novel in port) runner crew ~ trecut in rol - enlisted crew ~ vechi - old commission echipament^.M. equipment, outfit ~ de productie - productive equipment ~ de protectie - overall, protective clothing/outfit

144

ECH-ECO

~ nefolosit vandut de guvern/stat government surplus ~ optional - (livrat la comanda) optional equipment echipa s.f. team, group; squad; (schimb) shift echitate s.f. equity ~ a impozitarii - equity of taxation ~ fiscala - fiscal equity echivala v.t. to equate, to equalize v.i. (cu) to be equivalent/tantamount to echivalare ^./equation, equalization echivalent adj. (cu) equivalent (to) s.m. equivalent ~ al numerarului - (investitie pe termen scurt cu grad ridicat de lichiditate si scadentd initiald sub trei luni) cash equivalent ~ general - (elementui fundamental al sistemului bdnesc al unei tdri, etalon de mdsurd a standardului de valoare a bunurilor economice) general equivalent ecodezvoltare s.f. ecodevelopment ecologic adj. ecological, environmental ecologist s.m. ecologist, environmentalist econom adj. thrifty, sparing, saving, economical s.m. (intendent) steward; (administrator) treasurer, bursar econometrician s.m. econometrician econometric s.f. econometrics economic adj. 1. (referitor la economic) economic 2. {econom) thrifty, economical economic s.f. 1. economy; (stiinfe economice) economics 2. pi. savings, sparings, spare money ~ a bunastarii welfare economics ~ a dezvoltarii development economics

~ aplicata - applied economics ~ autocentrata - (economic inchisd) self-centred economy ~ capitalists! - capitalist economy ~ casnica - domestic science, home economics ~ centralizata/dirijata/planificata command/controlled/planned economy, statism ~ clasica - classical economics ~ comparata - comparative economics ~ cu suma zero - (economic in care nu se inregistreazd nici o crestere, venitui unei persoane putdnd sd creased numai prin scdderea venitului alteid) zero-sum economy ~ de export - export-oriented economy ~ de jaf - (care exploateazd la limitd resursele naturale) robber economy ~ de piata - market economy ~ de razboi - war economy ~ de schimb - exchange economy ~ de spatiu - space saving ~ de timp - time saving ~ de tranzitie - transition economy ~ de troc - barter economy ~ deschisa - open economy ~ descriptiva - descriptive economics ~ feudala - feudal economy ~ forestiera - forest economy ~ involuntara - (de bani blocafi in stocuri de mar/a) involuntary saving ~ inchisa/autarhica - closed economy ~ manageriala - managerial economics ~ matematica - mathematical economics ~ mixta - mixed economy ~ mondiala - world economy ~ monetara - money/monetary economy

ECO-EFE

145

~ naturala - natural/barter economy ~ nationals - national economy ~ negociata - {in care resursele sunt alocate printr-un proces institutionalizat de negociere intre centre de decizie independente reprezentand
statui, firmele, asociatiile patronale si

sindicale) negociated economy ~ politica - political economy/ economics ~ reala - real economy ~ regionala - regional economy ~ rurala/agricola - rural economy, husbandry ~ simbolica - (ansamblul operatiunilor economice desfdsurate pe piata monetard, financiard - de capital -, valu-

tara} symbolic economy ~ sociala de piata - social market economy ~ socialista - socialist economy ~ stagnanta - stagnant economy ~ subterana - hidden/underground/ subterranean/submerged/black economy ~ teoretica - pure economics ~ traditionala - traditional economy ~ voluntara - voluntary saving economii de gama - (proces care se caracterizeaza prin diversificarea gamei de bunuri si servicii oferite si
prin scdderea costului unitar)

economies of scope, scope economies ~ de scara - (proces care se caracterizeaza prin cresterea cantitdtii de bunuri si servicii si prin scdderea costului unitar} economies of scale, scale economies ~ externe de scara - {care vizeazd o intreagd ramurd industriald, progresul

tehnic, infrastructura etc.) external scale economies ~ fortate - forced savings economisi v.t. (bani) to put aside/away/ by, to set by; to economize, to save, to spare economisire s.f. economization, saving, sparing economist s. m. economist ecosistem.s'.n. ecosystem ~ industrial - industrial ecosystem edita v.t. to publish, to issue editor s.m. publisher; (al unei cdrti) editor editorial adj. editorial s.n. editorial, leader, leading article editorialist s. m. editorialist editura s.f. publishing house editie s.f. edition, issue ~ bibliofila - collectors'/bibliophile/ limited edition ~ de dimineata - (a unui cotidian pentru distributia locald) city edition ~ speciala - (a unui ziar) special (edition), extra efect s.n. 1. effect, result 2. (dr.) consequence, application; pi. {bunuri mobiliare} chattels personal, personal property/effects, movables, goods (and chattels) 3. (de comer f} commercial paper; (cambie) bill (of exchange) ~ al anuntarii - (gradul m care consumatorul realizeazd cd plateste un impozit care este inclus in pretui de vdnzare al unui produs) announcement
effect

~ al bulgarului de zapada/de antrenare - (consecintd a conexiunilor formate intre doud sau mai multe fenomene si process economice) snow-ball effect

146

EFE-EGA

~ al dimensiunii firmei - (firmele mid inregistreazd rate de rentabilitate mai bune decdt firmele man} size-of-the-firm effect ~ al impactului - (cre^terea cererii atunci cdnd mi este posibild cre^terea imediatd a ofertei) impact effect ~ al preturilor - price effect ~ asupra salariilor - wage push ~ asupra venitului - (in comportamentui comercial) income
effect

~ constitutiv - (dr.) constituting effect ~ de clientela - (atragerea unid anumit tip de investitori in functie de politico de dividende) (fin.) clientele effect ~ de comert - (cambia, cecul, mandatui) commercial paper ~ de comert acceptabil - (pentru reescontare la banca centrald) eligible paper ~ de comert de clasa a doua si a treia - second and third-class paper ~ de comert de complezenta accomodation paper, pro forma bill ~ de comert la purtator - bearer paper ~ de comert necorespunzator - (care nu poatefi onoraf) bad paper ~ de comert reescontat - rediscount ~ de levier - (rata de indatorare in raport cu fbndurile proprii ale unei companii) (fin.) gearing ~ de parghie - (rata de indatorare in raport cu fondurile proprii ale unei companii) (SUA) (fin.) leverage ~ de prag - (pimctui in care un mesaj publicitar devine eficient) threshold
effect

cauzat de modificarea pretului un anumit produs) substitution effect ~ de venit (modificarea venitului reJn al consumatorului ca urmare s schimbdrilor de preturi ale produselorj income effect ~ financiar - finance bill ~ real - (dr.) material effect ~ retroactiv - (al unei legi) retroactio* ~ suspensiv - (dr.) suspensory effect ~ tranzitoriu - (dr.) temporary effect efectiv adj. effective, actual, real efectua v.t. to effect, to effectuate. accomplish, to perform, to carry in effect, to bring about; (a intreprinde) t carry out ~ o plata - to effect/to make a paymetf ~ serviciul datoriei - to service efectuare s.f. effectuation,! accomplishment, performance ~ a serviciului datoriei - servicing eficient adj. efficient, effective ~ sub aspectui costurilor - cc
-effective

~ de substitute - (efectul asupra comportamentului cumparatorului)

eficienta s.f. efficiency ~ de operare a portului efficiency ~ ecologica - ecologic efficiency ~ economica - economic efficiency ~ productiva - production efficiency eforts.n. effort i efortui eel mai avantajos - (pentru investitor bancar care nu-^i asumd 1 o responsabilitate in cazul in care i emisiune de actiuni nu se vin integral) (fin.) best effort egalitarism.s./!. equalitarianism egalitate s.f. equality; (paritate) parit ~ a sacrificiului - (in tec impozitdrii) equality of sacrifice ~ in drepturi - equality of rights

EGA-EM1

147

egaliza v. t. to equalize, to equate egalizare s.f. equalization, equation ~ fiscala - (apropiere a nivelului de impozitare asupra imobilelor si a altor bunuri) tax equalization elabora v.t. to elaborate, to work out; (un plan, un program) to draw up elasticitate s.f. (flexibilitate) elasticity ~ a cererii - elasticity of demand ~ a impunerii - elasticity of taxation ~ a ofertei - elasticity of supply ~ a pretului la cerere - price elasticity of demand ~ a pretului la oferta - price elasticity of supply ~ a preturilor - price elasticity/ sensitivity ~ a productiei - elasticity of production ~ a veniturilor - income elasticity element s. n. element ~ de esantionare - sampling element ~ prefabricat din beton - precast unit elevator s. n. elevator; hoist, lift ~ cu banda - conveyer/conveyor elevator ~ cu cupe - bucket/scoop elevator ~ cu descarcare continua continuous discharge elevator ~ cu lant - chain elevator ~ de cereale - grain elevator ~ de containere - container lift ~ de marfa - cargo/freight elevator, hoister ~ de paleti - pallet elevator ~ de stivuire - elevator stacker ~ pe senile - caterpillar elevator ~ plutitor - floating elevator elibera v.t. 1. to liberate, to free; (din mchisoare) to set free/at liberty, to release; (pe cautiune) to bail out 2. (a

remite) to remit, to deliver 3. (facturi, documente comerciale etc.) to issue; (un certificat, un document) to make out 4. (de datorii, obligatii, sarcini) to release, to relieve, to privilege, to disengage, to exonerate 5. (un cecfard acoperire) to overdraw 6. (de sub controlul statului) to decontrol eliminare s.f. (a unor actiuni de pe lista de cotatii bursiere) delisting ~ a produsului - (a producerii si a comercializdrii acestuid) product elimination eluda v.t. to elude, to evade embargo s. n. embargo ~ civil - civil embargo ~ ostil - hostile embargo ~ pasnic - pacific embargo a institui un ~ asupra - to embargo, to lay an embargo upon a ridica embargoul - to disembargo, to take off/to raise the embargo emisiune s.f. 1. (radiofonica, de televiziune) broadcast 2. (de titluri de valoare, de ban!) issue; (de bancnote) emission; (de obligatiuni) floating ~ -concurs cu premii - (la televiziune) give-away show ~ de actiuni fara drept de instrainare - (emisiune destinatd actionarilor
existenti ai unei societati)

nonrenounceable issue ~ de actiuni gratuite - (cdtre actionarii existenti pentru majorarea capitalului prin capitalizarea rezervelor) capitalization/scrip/bonus issue ~ de bancnote - emission of paper money ~ de obligatiuni - bond issue ~ de obligatiuni cu suspendarea platii - bond issue in default

148

EMI-EST

~ de obligatiuni facuta de un nerezident/strain - foreign bond issue ~ de titluri de stat - issue of government securities ~ de titluri de valoare secundare junior issue ~ fiduciara - fiduciary issue ~ in direct - live broadcast ~ monetara - monetary issue
~ noua - (de actiuni, obligatiuni) new

issue, reissue ~ prin adjudecare - issue by tender ~ publica - (de acfiuni) public issue emite v.t. 1. (titluri de valoare, bani) to issue; (bancnote) to emit; (bani faisi etc.) to utter; (obligatiuni) to float; (actiuni nominale) to inscribe; (actiuni fictive/diluate prin supraevaluarea activelor) to water; {un cec) to make out 2. (a trage o cambie) to draw emitent adj. issuing s.m. issuer, issuing authority; (al unui bilet la ordin) maker; (tragdtor, persoand care a emis o cambie, un cec) drawer adresati-va emitentului - (formula pe un cec) refer to the drawer enumera v.t. to enumerate; (pepuncte) to itemize; (amdnuntit) to specify epava s.f. (ship)wrek epuiza v.t. \. (resurse, fonduri) to exhaust, to deplete; (a consuma complet) to use up; (a folosi la maximum) to work up; (a cheltui tot) to spend 2. (a defertiliza) to impoverish v.r. (despre rezerve, stocuri) to run low epuizare s.f. 1. (a resurselor, a fondurilor) exhaustion, depletion 2. (alocarea sistematicd si rafionald a costului de achizitie a resurselor natu-rale pentru perioada viitoare in care utilizarea acestor resurse contribute la

generarea profitului) (cont.) depletion 3. (defertilizare) impoverishment epuizat adj. (din stoc) out-of-stock; (despre cdrti) out-of-print ergonometrie s.f. ergonometrics ergonomie s.f. ergonomics, human engineering ergoterapie s.f. occupational therapy eroare s.f. error; (greseald) mistake ~ de calcul - error in calculationmiscalculation ~ de eantionare - sampling error ~ de masurare - error of measurement ~ de nume - misnomer ~ de persoana - mistake in the person ~ de specificatii - specification error ~ operativa/activa - (eroare foam
gravd care anuleazd un contract) (dr.}

operative mistake erorile i omisiunile sunt exceptate -1

(formula pe o facturd) errors ani|

omissions excepted eroziune s.f. (a solului, a capitalulu erosion escala s.f. 1. (loc) place of call/suppi port of call/supply 2. (pprire) call escroc s.m. swindler, cheat escroca v.t. to swindle, to cheat, rook, to fake up escrocherie s.f. swindle, cheat, fake esenta s.f. (dr.) essence ~ a unui contract - (anumite cla
dintr-un contract, care trebuie ir, plinite indiferent de circumstai essence of a contract

estima v.t. to estimate, to evaluate,^ value, to valuate, to appraise; calcula, a stabili) to rate; (a pret stabili pretut) to price, to prize

EST-ETA

149

estimare s.f. estimation, estimate, valuation, appraisal; (asig., fin.) rating; (stabilire a pretului) pricing estimari omogene - (estimari asemdndtoare ale riscului si ale rentabilitdtii de cdtre toti investitorii) (fin.) homogeneous expectations estimativ adj. estimative, estimated; (aproximativ, in cifre rotunde) round estimator 5. m. estimator; rater ealona v.t. 1. (a spatia, a aseza/ a dispune din loc in loc) to space out 2. (plati) to spread out, to defer 3. (yacantele, programul de lucru etc., astfel meat sd nu se suprapund) to stagger eantion s.n. sample, pattern ~ concentrat - cluster sample ~ reprezentativ - quota/representative sample ~ -tip - type sample eantiona v.t. to sample esantionare s.f. sampling ~ aleatorie - random sampling ~ cu faze multiple - multiphase sampling ~ cvasialeatorie - quasi-random sampling ~ diferentiala - differential sampling ~ in trepte - multistage sampling ~ la receptie - acceptance sampling ~ pentru masurarea umiditatii moisture sampling ~ prin cote - quota sampling ~ prin tragere la sorti - lottery sampling ~ reprezentativa - representative sampling ~ simpla - single sampling ~ succesiva - sequential sampling esec.n. failure

~ al pietelor (sintagmd care desemneazd e^ecul pietelor libere de a permite o alocare eficientd a resurselor, generdnd necesitatea interventiei corectoare a autoritdtii publice) market failure ~ al voiajului {mar.) failure of the voyage, frustration of the adventure e$ua v./. 1. (mar.) to strand, to ground, to get aground/on the ground, to run aground 2. (despre negocieri) to fall through ~ fara posibilitati de salvare - to shipwreck euare s.f. 1. {mar.) stranding, grounding, running aground 2. {a negocierilor) falling through ~ accidentala - accidentally stranding/running aground ~ din neglijenta - negligent aground ~ fortuita - fortuitous stranding ~ voluntara - (pentru salvarea navei) voluntary stranding etala v.t. (mdrfuri, produse) to exhibit, to expose, to display etalare s.f. (de mdrfuri, produse) exhibition, exposure, display etalons.n. standard ~ al pretului - standard of price ~ -argint - silver standard ~ -aur - gold standard ~ aur - devize - gold-exchange standard ~ aur - lingouri - gold-bullion standard ~ automat - (fin.) automatic standard ~ de lucru/verificare - working standard ~ de referinta - reference standard ~ de valoare - standard of value ~ -devize - foreign currency standard

150

ETA-EVA

~ dublu/paralel - (fin.) double/parallel standard ~ fictiv - (fin.) fiat standard ~ fiduciar - (fin.) fiduciary standard ~ -hartie - (fin.) paper standard ~ -marfa - (fin.) commodity standard ~ metalic unic - single standard ~ monetar - monetary standard etalona v.t. to standardize etapa s.f. stage, step ~ de fabricatie - processing stage -delucru-job step etatiza v.t. to nationalize etatizare s.f. nationalization eticheta v.t. to label; (o marfa) to ticket
(up); (a inregistra pe o fisd continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) to docket; (a atasa o etichetd/pldcutd mobild) to tag

etichetare s.f. labelling; (a unei mdrfi) ticketing; {inregistrarea pe o fisd a

continutului unei partide de mdrfuri) docketing; (atasarea unei etichete/

placufe mobile) tagging eticheta s.f. label; (indicand continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) docket; {atasatd la mdrfuri, bagaje) tally; (mobild) tag; (cu preful) ticket, sticker ~ colanta - adhesive label ~ cu adresa - address label ~ de ambalaj - packing label euro s.m. (unitate monetard europeand) euro eurocapitals.n. Eurocapital eurocard^./i. Eurocard eurocec.s.n. Eurocheque eurocrat s.m. (functionar al organismelor europene) Eurocrat eurocredit^.n. Eurocredit eurodolars.m. Eurodollar euroobligatiune s.f. Eurobond europiata s.f. Euromarket

eurovaluta s.f. Eurocurrency, Euromoney evalua v.t. to evaluate, to value, to valuate, to estimate, to appraise; (a calcula, a stabili) to rate; (o proprietate pentru stabilirea impozitelor, a asi-gurdrilor) to assess; (daune) to adjust; (a pretui, a stabili pretui) to price, to prize; (la) to put (at) evaluabil adj. appraisable; assessable: rat(e)able evaluare s.f. evaluation, valuation. estimate, estimation, appraisal; (asig.. fin.) rating; (a unei proprietdti pentru stabilirea impozitelor, a asigurdrilor) assessment; (a daunelor) adjustment; (stabilire a pretului) pricing; (a unei avert funciare) (dr.) extent a activitatii conducerii management appraisal ~ a bonitatii/solvabilita^ii credit rating/status/standing ~ a costului unei activitati - (pentru fabricarea unui produs) job(-order) costing ~ a costurilor directe - direct costing ~ a costurilor exploatarii pe durata de viata (a unui utilaj) life-cycle costing ~ a flotei sau a parcului de autovehicule (in vederea asigurdrii) fleet rating ~ a marcii - (procesul prin care i se ataseazd unei mdrci o valoare in foaia de bilant a companiei) brand valuation ~ a muncii - job evaluation, labof'1 grading j ~ a postului - (pentru mcadrares intr-o categoric de salarizare) joh| evaluation

EVA-EXE

151

~ a riscului - (asig.) estimate of the risk ~ a riscului de tara - (fin.) country/ sovereign rating ~ a stocurilor - stock/inventory valuation ~ actuariala - actuarial calculation ~ cadastrala - rat(e)able value ~ multipla a costului - multiple costing ~ prudenta - conservative, estimate ~ standard a pretului :; cost standard costing ~ si optimizare - evaluation and optimization evaluator s.m. valuator, valuer, appraiser, rater; (agent care fixeazd
impozitele sau evalueazd daunele)

~ al activului fata de pasiv - excess of assets over liabilities ~ al bugetului fiscal - fiscal drag ~ al exporturilor - export surplus ~ al importurilor - import surplus ~ al incasarilor fata de cheltuieli surplus of receipts over costs ~ bugetar - budget excess/surplus ~ de greutate - overweight, overbalance ~ de stocuri - surplus stock ~ impozabil - taxable surplus
~ valoric - (cand valoarea de piatd a activelor unei societati este mat mare

assessor; (inspector de daune) adjuster ~ al pagubelor produse de incendii (angajat al unei societati de asigurare) fire loss adjuster evazionist s.m. (fiscal) tax dodger evaziune s.f. evasion ~ fiscala - tax evasion/dodging evidenta s.f. record; (situatie) situation ~ a platilor - (la un credit) payment record ~ a vanzarilor - sales record ~ contabila - accounting, bookkeeping evidente contabile - books of account ~ primare - (cont.) basic books evita v.t. to avoid; (a eluda) to elude, to evade, to escape; (plata impozitelor) to dodge evolutie s.f. evolution ~ in timp a creditului - credit history excedent 5.n. excess, surplus, overplus; spare; (de marfd pe piatd, supraproductie) glut

decdt valoarea contabila) appreciation surplus excedentar adj. excess...; (disponibil) spare exclude v.t. to exclude, to expel; (din baron) to disbar exclusiv adj. exclusive excursie s.f. tour, excursion ~ cu itinerar prestabilit - {de agentia turisticd) package tour executa v.t. 1. (a mdeplini) to carry out/through, to carry into effect, to fulfil 2. (o obligatie, un contract) to execute, to perform, to discharge; (o comandd, iin comision) to fill 3. (un debitor) to distrain; (o ipoteca) to foreclose ~ contrarevizia vamala - (mar.) to rerummage ~ revizia vamala - to rummage executare s.f. 1. (a unei obligatii, a unui contract) execution, performance, discharge; (a unei comenzi, a unui comision) fulfilment 2. (punere a unui sechestru) distrainment; (pierderea dreptului debitorului asupra bunului

152

EXE-E

ipotecat, din cauza depdsirii termenului de scadentd) foreclosure ~ silita - execution debt enforcement; (ydnzare la licitatie) compulsory/ forced sale executiv adj. 1. executive 2. (executoriu) (dr.) executory, enforceable executor s.m. executor; (care aplicd un sechestrif) distrainer ~ judecatoresc - officer of the court, official receiver ~ testamentar - executor executoriu adj. (dr.) executory, enforceable exemplar s.n. 1. (model) sample, pattern 2. (de carte etc.) copy 3. (al unei cambii) via (of a bill of exchange) ~ unic al cambiei - single bill exercita v.t. (a practica) to exercise, to practise; (o profesie) to practise, to pursue, to follow exercitare s.f. (a unei profesii) exercise, practice; (a unei functii) tenure ~ anticipata - (a unui drept) anticipation exercitiu s.n. exercise ~ bugetar - budgetary year ~ financiar/fiscal - financial year, accounting period/year, tax/taxable year ~ trecut - (fin.) past year, period under review ~ urmator - (fin.) next account exigibil adj. exigible, demandable, claimable; (despre impozite, datorii) exactable, payable, due exigibilitate s.f. payability exilat^.m. exile

~ din motive fiscale - (persoand c se expatriazd din cauza regimi fiscal) tax exile exod s.n, (scurgere defonduri) fligh ~ al capitalului - (dintr-o anumitd t in strdindtate, cauzat de infli accentuatd, instabilitate poliu fiscalitate excesivd) flight of capi capital flight exonera v.t. to exonerate; to dischai to disburden ~ de raspundere - to exonerate fi responsibility/liability, to relieve responsibility/liability exorbitant adj. exorbitant, hea steep; (despre impozite, daune e swingeing expansiune s.f. expansion ~ orizontala - (extinderea unei a panii prin dezvoltarea unor prod vdndute pe piete similare si cu pr asemdndtor sou mdrirea suprafi agricole) horizontal expansion ~ verticala (cresterea produc agricole prin imbundtdtirea prod tivitdtii terenului cultivaf) vert expansion expatriat s.m. (persoand trimisd firma unde este angajat sd lucreu strdindtate) expatriate expectativa s.f. (nivel al efortulid care un salariat considerd cd treA sd-l depund pentru a-si inde^ sarcinile si obiectivele de lucru) (rat expectancy; expectation i expedia v.t. to send (off); (prin po^ to post; (bani) to remit; (mdrfurS forward; (mdrfuri in consignati^ consign; (urgent) to dispatch; (ram scrisoare etc.) to express;

EXP-EXP

153

mesagerie) (SUA) to express; (pe cale maritima) to ship expediere s.f. sending; (prin postd) post; (de bani) remittance; (de mdrfuri) forwarding; (de mdrfuri in consignatie) consignment; (urgentd) dispatch; (rapidd a unei scrisori etc.) express; (prin mesagerie) (SUA) express; (pe mare) shipment, shipping ~ recomandata - (a unei scrisori) registration ~ subvagonala - less-than-carload/-truckload consignment ~ transoceanica - (de mdrfuri) oceanic shipment ~ vagonala - truckload consignment expedierea in contui destinatarului charges forward ~ in contui expeditorului - charges prepaid expediter s.m. (al unei scrisori etc.) sender, addresser; (de mar/a) (freight) forwarder, forwarding agent; (consignator) consignor; dispatcher; (pe mare) shipper, shipping agent expeditie s.f. sending; dispatch; forwarding ~ maritima - marine/maritime adventure, oversea(s) expedition experiment s. n. experiment ~ la scara naturala - field experiment expert s.m. expert, specialist; appraiser; surveyor ~ autorizat - qualified expert ~ care declara un titru - assay master ~ contabil - chartered accountant; (SUA) certified public accountant ~ de evaluare - appraiser, surveyor; (a daunelor) (asig.) assessor, adjuster ~ de evaluare a avariei - (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker

~ de tonaj - (mar.) tonnage surveyor ~ in statistica asigurarilor - actuary ~ in statistica petroliera - oil actuary ~ juridic - legal expert ~ maritim/naval - marine/maritime/ ship's surveyor ~ oficial - sworn surveyor ~ vamal - customs appraiser expertiza v.t. to survey expertiza s.f. 1. survey, expertise, expert appraisement/examination 2. (raport) expert's/surveyor's report ~ a unei lucrari - value work done ~ contradictorie - control/joint survey ~ de avarie - damage survey ~ de evaluare - valuation survey ~ profesionala - (cont.) professional valuation ~ unilaterala - one-side survey expira v.i. to expire; (despre un contract) to fall in; (despre o politd de asigurare) to lapse; (a ajunge la scadentd) to fall/to become due expirare s.f. (a unui termen etc.) expiration, expiry; (a unei polite de asigurare) lapse explicatie s.f. (a unui articol din registru) (cont.) narration exploata v.t. 1. (p mind, un zdcdmdnt) to exploit, to recover, to work(off); (cdrbune) to get, to win 2. (a cultiva) to cultivate, to farm 3. (o cale feratd, o navd etc.) to operate; (un utilaj) to run 4. (muncitorii) to sweat 5. (in interes propriu) to exploit, to turn to one's account/profit; (a profita de pe urma) to take advantage of exploatare s.f. 1. (a unei mine, a unui zdcdmdnt) exploitation, working; (de cdrbune) getting, winning 2. (a pdmdntului) farming 3. (a unei cdi

154

EXP-E:

ferate, a unei nave etc.) operation; {a unui utilaj) running 4. (a muncitorilor) sweating ~ de cariera quarrying ~ de cariera la zi - open quarrying ~ forestiera - forestry operation, logging; (SUA) lumbering ~ miniera - mining ~ patronala - sweating system ~ piscicola - fishery exploda v.i. (despre preturi) to boom explora v.t. {a prospecta) to explore; (a sondd) to probe; (mar.) to fathom explorare s.f. (prospectiune) exploration; (sondare) probing, probe explozie s.f. {a preturilor) boom ~ a preturilor - price boom exponats.n. exhibit export s.n. 1. export(s) 2. (exportare) exportation ~ de capital - capital export ~ direct - direct export ~ global - total exports exporturi invizibile - (export de servicit) invisible exports ~ provizorii - (de marfuri folosite ca mostre la expozitii, fdrd plata taxelor vamale, ulterior reimportate) temporary exports ~ vizibile - (export de marfuri) visible exports a face export - to do export trade exporta v.t. to export exportator adj. exporting s. m. exporter ~ exclusiv - sole exporter expozant^.n;. exhibitor expozitie s.f. exhibition, show, fair ~ agricola - agricultural exhibition ~ comerciala - trade exhibition ~ cu vanzare - sales exhibition ~ de automobile - motor show

~ industrials - industrial exhibition ~ itinerants - travelling exhibition ~ specializata - specialized exhibitio ~ universala - world exhibition expres adj. (c.f.) express adv. (desi scrisori) posthaste expresie s.f. expression ~ din limbajul comercial commercialism expropria v.t. to expropriate, dispossess expropriere s.f. expropriatu dispossession, compulsory acquisitK purchase/surrender ~ pentru utilitate publica dispossession for public purposes expune v.t. (marfuri, produse) exhibit, to show, to display, to lay < v.r. (unui rise) to incur, to expose expunere s.f. 1. (de marfuri, prodie exhibition, show, display 2. (la un re exposure ~ la riscul fluctuatiei unei valutt exchange rate exposure ~ la riscul ratei dobanzii - intea rate exposure externalitati s.f. pi (forma de esec pietelor reprezentata prin nereflecta la nivelul pretului pietei a unora da^ costurile sau beneficiile asocj{ productiei ori consumului) extemalil ~ de consum - (efect cauzat de situ^ in care un consumator influente^ direct productia sau consumul unuii agent economic) consumpB externalities 1 ~ de productie - (efect cauzat J situatia in care posibilitdtile de Jl ductie ale unei intreprinderi influentate de comportamentiil

EXT-EXT

intreprinderi sail de un consumator) production externalities extinde v.t. to extend; (piata de desfacere) to widen v.r. to extend, to expand; to widen; (despre o afacere) to branch out extindere s.f. extension, expansion; widening ~ a cererii - (ca urmare a scdderii preturilor) extension of demand ~ a domeniului unei activitati - (prin mdrirea rdspunderii) job enrichment ~ a fondurilor fixe - (pentru mdrirea capacitdtii de productie) capital widening ~ a liniei de produse - line extension ~ a prelevarii de mostre - sampling range extorca v.t. to extort, to swindle extorcare s.f. extortion, swindle extra adj. superior
155

extrabugetar adj. outside the budget extractiv adj. extractive extractie s.f. extraction; production ~ de petrol - oil production extrafin adj. extrafine, superfine extras s.n. extract, abstract; (al continutului unui document} docket ~ de cont - abstract/extract/statement of account, bank statement ~ de cont de reconciliere - (in evidentele contabile) reconciliation statement ~ de cont descriptiv - descriptive statement ~ de titlu de proprietate - (rezumat scris al istoricului unui titlu de proprietate asupra unui teren) abstract of title ~ din registrul funciar - land register extract

F
fabrica v.t. to manufacture, to fabricate, to produce; (bani) to mint, to coin; (here) to brew ~ in serie - to mass-produce fabricant s.m. manufacturer, producer; factory owner; (de here) brewer fabricare s.f. manufacture, fabrication, production; {de bani) mintage, coinage ~ asistata de calculator - computer-aided/-assisted manufacture ~ in serie de produse superioare quality-quantity production ~ in serie mare - large scale/series/ serialized production/manufacture, wholesale manufacture fabrica s.f. factory, enterprise, mill; (mai mare) works, plant ~ de here - brewery ~ de caramizi - brickworks, brickyard ~ de cherestea - timber mill; (SUA) lumbermill ~ de confectii - ready-made clothing
factory

~ de conserve - packing plant, canning factory, cannery ~ de hartie - paper mill ~ de imprimeuri - printing plant ~ de incaltaminte - shoe factory ~ de mobila - furniture factory ~ de produse finite - finished products factory ~ de textile - textile factory/mill face v.t. 1. (a fabrica, a produce) to make, to manufacture; (a executd) to perform, to effect ~ afaceri cu - to deal with

~ afaceri pe baza de comision - to commission business ~ comert cu - to deal in ~ cumparaturi - to shop ~ cunoscute toate detaliile - to st full particulars ~ datorii - to get/to run into debts, incur debts ~ escala - to call ~ fata competitiei - to m competition ~ formalitatile vamale de sosire s plecare - (despre o nova) to clear ou ~ inventarul - to make up inventory, to take stock ~ mentiuni - (pe documented transport} to clause ~ nul si neavenit - to render null i void ~ o revizie contabila - to audit ~ o scurta vizita - (despre un ag, comercial) to call on/upon ~ ore suplimentare - to overtime ~ propaganda electorala - to canva ~ reclama/publicitate - to advertise a nu ~ fata (angajamentelor)* default ' facilita v.t. to facilitate | facilitate s.f. facility ~ de credit - credit facility facilitati de plata - facilities payment, easy payment/terms ~ de plata a impozitelor - tax bra ~ pentru export - export incentivt facsimile.?!, facsimile ~ de semnatura - facsimile signat ~ de sigiliu - facsimile stamp

FAC-FAL

157

a reproduce in ~ - to facsimile factaj s.f. carriage and delivery factor s.m. 1. factor, coefficient 2. (institute financiard care se anga-jeazd, contra unui comision, sd preia creantele clientilor) factor 3. (postal) postman, letter carrier ~ alfa - (evaluarea ratei de renta-bilitate a actiunilor unei societdti fdrd raportarea la indicele pietei bursiere) (bur.) alpha factor ~ beta - (coeficient care aratd mdsura in care rata de rehabilitate a actiunilor unei societdti variazd in functie de rata de rehabilitate a indicelui pietei bursiere) (bur.) beta factor ~ ciclic - cyclical factor ~ de decizie - decision maker, decisionmaking factor ~ de incarcare - loading factor ~ de rise - risk factor ~ de siguranta - safety factor ~ de utilizare - use factor factori de nemultumire - (a sala-riatilor fata de mediul in care lucreazd) dissatisfiers ~ de productie - factors of production factoring s.n. (metodd de finantare prin care o societate transferd, in schimbul oferirii unui comision, creantele sale unei institutii financiare) factoring factura v.t. to invoice, to bill ~ in minus to underinvoice ~ in plus - to overinvoice facturare s.f. invoicing, billing ~ descriptive - descriptive billing ~ in minus - underinvoicing ~ in plus overinvoicing ~ periodica - cycle billing factura s.f. invoice, bill

~ a furnizorului - supplier's invoice ~ comerciala - commercial invoice ~ consulara - consular invoice ~ de consignatie - consignment invoice ~ de cumparare - purchase invoice ~ de navlu - freight invoice/bill/note/ account ~ de vanzare - sale invoice ~ definitiva - final invoice ~ detaliata - itemized invoice ~ interna - (pentru mdrfuri vdndute pe piata interna) inland invoice ~ legalizata - certified invoice ~ originala - original invoice ~ pro forma - (de complezenta) pro forma invoice ~ provizorie - provisional invoice ~ vamala - customs invoice facturier s.n. (cornet) invoice/sales book s.m. (functionar care intocmeste facturi) invoice/billing clerk faliment s.n. bankruptcy, failure, insolvency; (colaps) collapse, crash ~ fraudulos - fraudulent bankruptcy a da ~ - to go/to mm bankrupt, to fail, to fold up, to cease payments, to go into liquidation, to collapse a declara pe cineva in stare de ~ - to adjuge smb. bankrupt a se declara in stare de ~ - to file one's petition in bankruptcy falimentar adj. bankrupt, insolvent falit adj. bankrupt, insolvent s.m. bankrupt, defaulter ~ cu certificat de accident/ghinion (acordat de instantd, care certified faptui cdfalimentui nu afost cauzat de proasta conducere a afacerii, ci de un accident) certified bankrupt ~ exonerat - discharged bankrupt

158

FAL-FA1

~ nereabilitat - undischarged bankrupt fals adj. false, spurious, phon(e)y, fake(d), dud, bogus, sham; (despre o bancnotd, un document} forged; (despre monede, metale) base, counterfeit, spurious; (artificial) artificial s.n. false, fake, forgery; (document fals) dud falsifica v.t. 1. to falsify, to fake up; (bancnote, documente) to forge; (con-turi, registre etc.) to tamper with; (monede, metale) to debase, to counterfeit; (alimente etc.) to adulterate 2. (a denatura) to distort, to misrepresent falsificare s.f. 1. falsification, fake; (de bancnote, documente) forgery; (de conturi, registre etc.) tampering; (a situatiei financiare, a unui bilant) window dressing; (de monede, metale) debasement, counterfeit; (de alimente etc.) adulteration 2. (denaturare) distortion, misrepresentation ~ de moneda - coinage offence falsificator s.m. falsifier; (de documente) forger; (de bani) forger, counterfeiter, coiner; (de conturi, registre etc.) tamperer; (de alimente etc.) adulterator familie s.f. family ~ cu doua venituri - (in care ambii pdrinti sunt salariati) two-income family farmaceutic adj. pharmaceutical fata s.f. 1. (avers al unei monede) obverse 2. (a unei cambii, a unui titlu de valoare) obverse favorabil adj. favourable, auspicious; (avantajos) advantageous, easy fara prep, 1. without 2. (raspundere, obligafii; termen cu care seformeazd o serie de expresii referitoare la

conditiile de asigurare si operare al navei) free 3. (bur., fin.) ex.

~ a mai intarzia - without nirth< delay ~ acoperire - (formula pe un cec) n effects/funds; (despre actiuni, marfur recolte care nu sunt disponibile in mt mentui vdnzdrii, mizdndu-se pe obt
nerea lor pand la tranzactia efectivi

short ~ aducerea marfii pe chei - (mar free from alongside ~ angajament - (din partea furn zorului de a menfine un anumit pret I livrare) (corn.) without engagemen (clauzd de prudentd pe care andosana o poate inscrie pe cambie) without o liability i ~ ateptarea randului - (la incarcaa sau descdrcare) (mar.) free < stem/turn ~ avarie - (asig. mar.) free of (al
average

~ avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) free < general average ~ avarie particulars - (asig. mar free of/from particular average ~ avarie particulars, numai daca esl cauzata de - (asig. mar.) free < particular average unless caused by ~ capitalizare - ex bonu capitalization/scrip ~ captura de catre un stat strain (as ig. mar.) free of foreign capture ~ captura i sechestrare - free ( capture and seizure ~ caric - (despre o navd in mca\ flying light ~ cheltuieli de folosire a macaraleli portuare - free of all cranage

FAR-FID

159

~ comanda speciala {despre un ~ raspundere pentru avarii - free produs) off-the-shelf of/from damages ~ reciprocitate - nonreciprocity ~ comision de adresa (mar.) free of address commission ~ recurs/regres - (formula pe. o ~ comision de brokeraj - {mar.} free cambie) without recourse ~ testament - intestate, ab intestat of freight brokerage ~ cont - (formula pe un cec) no ~ valoare comerciala - no commercial account value ~ cupon - ex coupon ~ valoare nominala - {despre actiuni) ~ datorii - clear of debts, debtless; no par value federatie s.f. federation (despre o afacere) afloat ~ de state - commonwealth ~ defect - flawless fel s.n. (soi) kind, sort, grade, ~ dividend - ex dividend; {SUA) description dividend off ~ dobanda - ex interest feribot s.n. ferryboat, ferry craft/vessel ~ cu cale ferata - railway ferry ~ dobanda capitalizata - (pe piata de ~ de automobile - carferry, car float capital) flat ~ de mare tonaj - superferry ~ drepturi - (preferentiale la o noud ~ de marfuri - freighter-ferry emisiune de actiuni) ex claim/new/ ~ de pasageri - passenger ferryboat rights ~ pe perna de aer - hoverferry; (pe ~ garantii/acoperire - (despre o tara fluvii) hoverbus consideratd ca avdnd un rise crescut de ferma s.f. farm; {cu toate dependintele) creditare} off-cover farmstead, farmyard; {gospoddrie ~ impozit pe venit - free of income tax tdrdneascd, casd de tara cu acareturi) ~ indemnizatie de celeritate - (in homestead operarea navel) free dispatch ~ avicola - poultry farm ~ instalatii de incarcare - (despre ~ de vaci de lapte - dairy farm nava) gearless ~ industrials - factory farm ~ marfa - (despre nava) light-ship ~ mica - small holding condition, no-cargo condition ~ zootehnica - livestock farm ~ mentiuni {despre un document de fermier.?./. farmer transport) clean feroviar adj. railway s.m. railwayman ~ pierderi - free of losses fertil adj. fertile, productive ~ prima de salvare - (asig. mar.) without benefit of salvage fertiliza v.t. to fertilize, to make fertile ~ profit - ex all fezabil adj. feasible, workable ~ proprietar - ownerless fezabilitate s.f. feasibility, workability ~ protest - (formula pe o cambie) no fiabilitate s.f. reliability noting ~ operationala - operational reliability ~ raspundere - free from liability fictiv adj. fictitious, bogus, sham Hdeicomis s.m. {dr.) trust

160

FID

fideicomisiune s.f. (dr.) trusteeship fidelitate s.f. (loialitate) loyalty ~ fata de marca - brand loyalty fiduciar adj. fiduciary Her s.n. iron ~ -beton - reinforcing iron/bars ~ forjat - wrought iron ~ vechi - scrap iron filantropic adj. philanthropic(al), eleemosynary filatura s.f. spinning mill/works filiala s.f. branch (office); subsidiary (company) financiar adj. financial finanta v.t. to finance, to fund Hnantare s.f. financing, funding ~ a deficitului bugetar - deficit financing/spending ~ a proiectelor de investitii - project financing ~ a vanzarilor in rate - instalment sales financing ~ externa - outside financing ~ interimara - (imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge loan ~ interna - internal financing ~ la nivelul economiei nationale national economy finance ~ la nivelul intreprinderii - company/ corporate finance ~ mascata - backdoor financing ~ prin conturile de creante - accounts receivable financing ~ prin emitere de actiuni comune equity financing ~ prin emitere de obligatiuni - bond financing ~ spontana - (finantare, cum ar fi creditui comercial, rezultatd din

derularea normald a unei afac

spontaneous financing finante s.f. pi. finance(s) ~ manageriale - managerial finana ~ publice - public finance finisa v.t. to finish finisaj s.n. finish ~ superior - high/superior finish firma s.f. 1. (comerciala) (commen firm, house (of business) 2. (insert signboard ~ cu sucursale multiple - muh firm ~ cu vanzare pe baza de conn prin posta - mail-order house ~ de brokeri - commission house ~ de expeditii - forwarding house ~ de export - export house ~ de factoring - (institutie finana care se angajeazd, contra i comision, sd preia creantele cliena factor ~ de transporturi maritime shipping company ~ de transporturi rutiere - haul(i)l ~ dominanta - dominant firm ~ recalcitranta - {firma. care inca
sd-si mentind independenta fata dk

cartel) recalcitrant firm ~ serioasa - reliable firm, safe hoia ~ solvabila - trustworthy/sound fifl ~ specializata intr-o singura gl linie de produse - single-line firm ~ -tinta - (companie pe care o i firma doreste sd o achizitioneze} U firm i fisa s.f. 1. (de telefon) coin 2-1 jocuri) counter, fish < fisc s.n. inland revenue ' fiscal adj. fiscal

FIS-FLO

161

fiscalitate s.f. fiscality, taxation policy/system fisa s.f. slip, sheet; (de cartoteca) (index) card; (indicdnd continutui unei partide de mdrfuri) docket ~ a salariatului - (cu date despre studii, experienfd, calificare etc.) personnel specification ~ cu specimene de semnaturi (document completat la deschiderea unui cont sau a unui depozit de titluri) signature card ~ de calcul al salariului - (care insoteste piata acestuid) payslip ~ de evidenta - register card ~ de identificare - (a continutului si a cantitdtii unei Idzi) bin card ~ de lucru - (cu instructiuni pentru
indeplinirea unei anumite sarcini) job

impozitelor, a

despdgubirilor)

ticket ~ de pontaj - (pentru marfa incdrcatd sau descdrcatd) cargo/tally sheet; time card/sheet ~ personala - record ~ tehnologica - operation sheet fisic s.n. (de bani) roll of money ' Hsier s.n. \. (catalog, cartoteca) card index 2. (dulap) filing/card index cabinet fixa v.t. 1. (o data, o sarcind) to assign; (un termen, o data) to appoint, to nominate; (un pret etc.) to fix, to state, to settle; (conditii, clauze) to lay down, to stipulate, to set forth; (suma impozitelor, a despdgubirilor) to assess 2. to fasten, to secure, to fix Hxare s.f. 1. (a unei date, a unei sarcini) assignment; (a unui termen, a unei date) appointment, nomination; (a unui pret etc.) fixing, settlement; (de conditii, clause) stipulation; (a sumei

assessment 2. fastening, securing, fixing ~ a despagubirilor assessment of damages ~ a pretului - pricing, price fixing ~ a pretului de patrundere pe piata penetration pricing ~ a pretului in functie de pretui director - price leadership ~ a pretului la discretie - (de cdtre intermediar) price discretion ~ a preturilor prin tatonari - fixing prices by trial and error ~ de preturi multiple - (in functie de specificul pietelor) multiple pricing fixing s.n. (al cursurilor de schimb, al pretului aurului la bursa) fixing flexibilitate s.f. flexibility ~ a impozitarii - flexibility of taxation ~ a preturilor - price flexibility ~ a salariului - wage flexibility ~ economica - economic adaptiveness flotant adj. floating flotare s.f. (fin.) floating ~ a cursurilor valutare - (cotare liberd a valutelor pe pietele valutare, cursul valutar fund influentat de evenimentele economice si monetare din fiecare tard si de pe piata mondiald) rate of exchange floatation ~ concertata/in grup - (sistem ce implied existenta unui aranjament intre un grup de state, care convin ca intre monedele lor sd existe cursuri stabile) concerted floating ~ impura/controlata - (situatie in care evolutia cursului de schimb al unei monede este influentatd de interventia pe piata a autoritdtii emitente) impure floating

162

FLO-FLU

~ independenta/singulara/ neconcertata - (situatie in care cursul de schimb al unei monede evolueazd pe piafd independent de evolutia altor volute) independent floating ~ pura/libera (situatie in care cursul unei volute se formeazd spontan pe piata valutard, fdrd interventia autoritdtilor monetare din tara emitenta) pure floating flota s.f. fleet ~ aeriana - air fleet ~ comerciala - merchant fleet/service, commercial fleet ~ comerciala maritima - shipping, marine ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coastwise fleet ~ de linie - liner fleet ~ de mineraliere - ore (-carrying) fleet ~ de nave frigorifice - refrigerated shipping ~ de pescuit - fishing fleet ~ de pescuit oceanic - deep-sea fishing fleet ~ de petroliere - tanker fleet ~ de remorchere - towing/tug fleet ~ de slepuri - barge fleet ~ de transport - cargo shipping ~ de traulere - trawler fleet ~ de vrachiere - bulk-carrier fleet ~ fluviala river fleet ~ maritima - maritime/sea fleet ~ mondiala - world fleet/shipping ~ oceanica - ocean (-going) fleet fluctua v.i. to fluctuate fluctuant adj. fluctuating, varying fluctuatie s.f. fluctuation, variation, swing; (a mdinii de lucru) turnover ~ a fortei de munca - labour turnover ~ a numarului de salariati employee turnover

~ a preturilor - price fluctuation' movement ~ dirijata - {a unei volute declaratd liber a} dirty float ~ salariala - wage drift ~ sezoniera - seasonal fluctuation ~ usoara - slight fluctuation fluctuatii ale cursului de schimb exchange fluctuations ~ ale pietei - fluctuations of the market, market fluctuations ~ ciclice - cyclical fluctuations ~ economice - economic fluctuations a suferi ~ - to undergo fluctuations fluturas s.m. (care se distribute in magazine, pe stradd etc.) throwaway, handbill flux^./?. flow ~ brut de numerar - gross cash flow ~ circular - (transferul continuu, in ambele sensuri, de plati si incasan intre consumatori si producdtori) circular flow ~ de activitate - flow of work ~ de fonduri - flow of funds ~ de iesire de numerar - cash outflow ~ de intrare de numerar - cadi inflow ~ de numerar - (yaloarea netd reaW de numerar, deosebitd de profit contabil, care intrd sau iese din fim intr-o perioadd determinata) flow funds, cash flow/generation ~ de numerar actualizat - (metodd t evaluare a optiunilor de investiti discounted cash flow ~ de numerar incremental - {flu. de numerar net care poate fi atrih unui protect de investitiii) incremer cash flow

FLU-FON

163

~ de numerar suplimentar - (pe care o societate il poate cheltui pentru dezvoltare) excess cash flow ~ economic - economic flow ~ financiar - financial flow ~ real (circulatia bunurilor si a serviciilor) real flow foaie s.f. 1. (coala) sheet; (pagina) page 2. (dintr-un registru de conta-bilitate) folio ~ de cupoane - coupon sheet ~ de drum route sheet; (justificativa) travelling warrant ~ de expeditie - docket - de hartie de ambalaj - wrapper sheet ~ de livrare - delivery bill/note ~ de pontaj - time card/sheet/ticket ~ de reclama - sales leaflet ~ volanta (prospect) leaflet folosi v.t. to utilize, to employ ~ o cambie de complezenta - to kite folosire s.f. utilization, employment ~ a unei cambii de complezenta - kite flying ~ completa a fortei de munca - full employment ~ ilegala a fortei de munca - unfair labour practice ~ incompleta a fortei de munca -(sub calificarea ei sau prin organizare) underemp loyment fonds.n. fund; capital ~ acumulat/de rezerva - (pentru investitii) reserve fund ~ circulant - (din care se imprumutd bani si in care se reintorc creditele acordate cu dobdnda aferenta) revolving fund; (fond guvernamental destinat finantdrii serviciilor publice) (SUA) revolving fund

~ comercial - (active intangibile ale uneifirme, calculate ca diferenta dintre pretui platit pentru compania in functiune si valoarea activelor) goodwill ~ comun - pool ~ de ajutor/asistenta - relief fund ~ de amortizare depreciation/ redemption/sinking fund ~ de asigurare pentru somaj -unemployment fund ~ de asigurari - insurance fund ~ de asigurari sociale - welfare/ provident fund ~ de compensare (bur.) compensation fund ~ de dezvoltare - development fund ~ de garantie - guarantee fund ~ de pensii pension/retiring/ superannuation fund ~ de plasament in valori imobiliare -real estate investment trust ~ de plasament in valori mobiliare -security investment trust ~ de plasament mixt - (atdt in valori mobiliare, cat si in valori imobiliare) mixed investment trust ~ de prevedere (cont.) contingency account/fund/reserve ~ de regularizare/compensare valutara - equalization fund ~ de rezerva reserve/surplus fund ~ de rezerva de rambursare a capitalului - (subscris de detindtorii de actiuni preferentiale ai unei societdti) capital redemption reserve fund ~ de rezerva pentru creante dubioase (fond bancar) reserve against bad and doubtful debts

164

FON-f

~ de rezerva pentru datorii - liability reserve ~ de rulment - circulating/working capital, floating/circulating assets ~ de rulment net - net working capital ~ de salarii - wage fund ~ de stabilizare - (a monedei nationale) stabilization fund ~ de tranzactionare a optiunilor option fund ~ iiduciar - trust fund ~ forestier - standing timber ~ funciar - land resources ~ inactiv/neproductiv - unemployed fund ~ mutual - mutual fund, unit trust, trust company; (cu investitii in alte fonduri} fund fund ~ mutual administrat - (de manageri profesionisti) managed fund ~ mutual cu investitii pe termen scurt - performance fund ~ mutual cu investitii speculative pe termen scurt - go-go fund ~ mutual cu plasamente foarte avantajoase (msd cu un grad de rise mai ridicaf) high-yielding fund ~ mutual cu plasamente in actiuni comune - equity fund, common stock fund ~ mutual de castig - (care realizeazd cele mai avantajoase plasamente pentru a obtine cdstigul maxim posibil) income fund ~ mutual de dezvoltare - (cu investitii pe termen lung) growth fund ~ mutual de investitii in obligatiuni municipale - municipal bond fund ~ mutual de schimb - (al titlurilor de valoare detinute de investitori pentru

actiuni in fondul respective excha fund ~ mutual deschis - {care emite in r, constant actiuni not) open-end fund ~ mutual echilibrat - (care invest proportional in actiuni comune, acti preferentiale si obligatiuni) balan fund ~ mutual inchis - (care a inch emisiunea de actiuni) closed-end/ fund ~ mutual principal - (care invesb in alte fonduri) master trust ~ mutual protejat - (care acop eventualele pierderi cauzate de J derea valorii unor titluri prin inves in alte titluri cu perspective crestere) hedge fund ~ mutual raportat la un indio (fond al cdrui portofoliu corespu unui indice oficial) index fund ~ mutual specializat - (in ania tipuri de investitii) speciality fund ~ necompensat - (formula pe un t effects not cleared ~ nelichid - unrealizable capital ~ neutilizat/fara destinatie special unappropriated/unapplied fund ~ pentru manco de casa - risk moa ~ statutar - statutory fund fonduri ale actionarilor - (in tern contabili, valoarea activelor fw minus pasivul) shareholders' funds : ~ de garantie/acoperire - cover fu| ~ de rezerva pentru cheltuieli neprevazute/urgente - (la o banca) emergency reserves ~ disponibile - disposable/available funds ~ fixe - capital assets/goods

FON-FOR

165

~ proprii - (totalul capitalurilor care apartin unei companii si nu sunt imprumutate) capital resources ~ suplimentare necesare - (pe care o firmd trebuie so. Ie obtind din exterior prin imprumut sau vdnzare de actiuni) additional funds needed fonda v.t. to found; to establish, to promote, to set up fondare s.f. foundation; establishment, promotion fondator s.m. founder, promoter ~ al unei societati - company promoter fora v.;. to drill foraj s.n. drilling ~ de prospectiune - exploration/ wildcat drilling, wildcatting ~ de sonde de petrol petroleum drilling ~ in largul marii - offshore/deep-sea drilling forestier adj. forest... forfetar adj. lump forma v.t. to form ~ de rezerva pentru creante dubioase (fond bancar) reserve against bad and doubtful debts ~ un cartel - to pool ~ un consortiu/sindicat patronal - to syndicate ~ un monopol - to comer formalitate s.f. formality, formal procedure ~ legala - statutory formality formalitati vamale - customs clearance, procedure of customs formare s.f. 1. formation 2. (instruire, pregdtire) training ~ a cadrelor - personnel training

~ a cadrelor de conducere management training, executive development ~ a capitalului propriu - equity capital formation ~ a unui cartel - pooling ~ bruta de capital fix - gross fixed capital formation ~ in afara locului de munca - off-the-job training ~ la locul de munca -job training ~ neta de capital fix - net fixed capital formation ~ profesionala - vocational training format s.n. size; (de carte) format ~ obisnuit - regular size formular s.n. (print/printed) form; (blancheta) (paper) blank ~ administrativ - office form ~ de cec - cheque form ~ de cerere - form of application, application form ~ de cerere de credit - loan application form ~ de cerere de subscriere la actiuni letter of application ~ de chitanta - form of receipt ~ de comanda - order form ~ de declaratie de venituri - (pentru impunere) form of return - de impunere - tax form ~ de oferta - (la licitatie) form of tender ~ de procura - form of proxy ~ de repartizare a actiunilor - share allotment form ~ de subscriere - subscription form ~ de telegrama - telegram form ~ din ziua declararii numelor - (prin
care brokerul li oferd vdnzdtorului

166

FOR-FRU

informatii despre cumpdrdtor) {bur.) name-ticket forta s.f. force ~ de munca - labour force, manpower ~ de munca excedentara - surplus labour ~ de munca exploatata - sweated labour ~ de munca ieftina - cheap labour ~ de munca necalificata - unskilled/ common labour ~ de munca temporara - casual labour ~ majora - act of God, cause beyond control forte de productie - productive/ production forces fragil adj. breakable fraht s.n. consignment note, waybill, freight document ~ aerian - air consignment note/ waybill franca v.t. to frank, to prepay, to stamp francat adj. postpaid, postage paid ~ insuficient - (despre o scrisoare) shortpaid franco adv. (corn.) free ~ bord - free on board ~ bord stivuit si fara cheltuieli de descarcare - free on board and stowed and free discharging ~ bord si rujat - free on board and free trimmed ~ camion - free on truck ~ carau - free carrier ~ chei - free alongside quay ~ de-a lungul navei - free alongside ship/vessel ~ depozit - free into store, free entrepot ~ domiciliu - free delivered/domicile

~ frontiera - free border ~ in bazinul portuar - free dock ~ nava - free on ship/ vessel ~ peste bord - free overboard/overside ~ lep - free into barge ~ transport - carriage free ~ vagon - free on rail/truck franizat s.m. (cesionar al unei fransize) (corn.) manufacturer's agent fransiza s.f. 1. (corn.) franchise 2. (in asigurdrile maritime, valoare a pierderii sub care societatea de asigurdri nu este obligatd sd acorde nici un fel de despdgubire, dar peste care trebuie so. ofere despdgubiri complete} franchise franizor s.m. (cedent al unei fransize} (corn.) franchiser frauda s.f. fraud, embezzlement, defalcation fraudulos adj. fraudulent frecare s.f. abrasion ~ a monedei - (ca urmare a circulatiei, rezultdnd o diminuare greutdtii) abrasion of coin frigorifer s.n. refrigerating machine; refrigeration plant frigotehnica s.f. refrigeration frigotehnist^.m. refrigerationist s front s.n. front, face ~ al cheiurilor - quayage, frontage ~ de abataj - face of workings ~ de dane - berthage, berthing space ~ de exploatare - (intr-o cariert quarry face frontiers s.f. frontier, border ~- a eficientei - (indicatorii cei im
favorabili din punctui de vedere

riscului si al rentabilitdtii) {fin efficient frontier fructifer adj. fruit-bearing, fructifero<<

FUN-FUR

167

funciar adj. ground..., land(ed)... functie s.f. 1. function 2. (slujbd) job; (post) post, position, office ~ a cererii - demand schedule ~ a ofertei - supply schedule ~ amovibila - revocable post ~ de consum - consumption function ~ de manager - managership ~ de productie - production function ~ de stimulare a vanzarilor - (relatia dintre activitatea de marketing si nivelul vanzarilor) sales response function ~ de utilitate - utility function ~ publica - public office ~ superioara - seniority functii pe servicii - departmental functions functiona v.i. 1. to function 2. (despre o marina) to run, to work functional adj. functional functionar s.m. office bearer/holder;
(public, civil, ecleziastic; secretar)

officer; {de birou) office worker; (de staf) public/civil servant, official, functionary; (comercial; secretar) clerk ~ inferior/subaltern - junior clerk/ officer ~ la ghiseui unei banci - bank teller ~ la oficiul postal - mail teller ~ public/de stat - public/civil servant, (public) official ~ responsabil cu clasarea documentelor - filing clerk ~ responsabil cu corespondenta correspondence clerk ~ responsabil cu relatiile cu publicul - public relations officer ~ superior - high official, officer of state; executive officer; {din

conducerea unei societdti) company officer ~ vamal - revenue/customs officer, searcher fundatie s.f. (institutie) endowed establishment/institution, endowment, foundation funt s.m. (imitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) pound fura v.t. to steal, to thieve; (a jefui) to rob; (in cantitdti mid) to pilfer furaj s.n. forage, fodder furgoneta s.f. van, utility car/vehicle; (pentru livrdri) delivery car/van furnituri s.f. pi. (mar/a, obiecte furnizate) supply of goods/materials, supplies; (rechizite) requisites; {textile) appurtenances, trimmings, furnishings ~ de birou - office stationery ~ maritime - ship chandlery furniza v.t. to supply, to furnish (with), to purvey; (a livrd) to deliver v.i. to purvey (for); (alimente si servicii) to cater (for) furnizare s.f. supply, furnishing, purveyance; (livrare) delivery; (de alimente si servicii) catering furnizor s.m. supplier, (supply) contractor, purveyor; {de echipamenf) outfitter; (mai ales de mobila) furnisher; (de alimente) victualler, provider ~ de alimente - victualler ~ de alimente si servicii - caterer - intermediar - subcontractor ~ maritim/naval - ship chandler furt s. n. 1. theft; (jaf) robbery; (mdrunt) pilferage 2. (dr.) larceny ~ calificat - (dr.) aggravated theft ~ din magazin - shoplifting

168

~ marunt/sub o anumita valoare (dr.) petty larceny ~ peste o anumita valoare - (dr.) grand larceny ~ prin efractie - burglary furturi i furtiaguri - {asig.) theft and pilferage fuss.n. shaft ~ orar - hour/time zone fuziona v.;'. to merge, to amalgamate,
to fuse

fuziune s.f. merger, merging, amalgamation, fusion ~ congenera - (intre firme din aceeasi Industrie in care partenerii de fuziune
FUR-F1

nu sunt nici clientii, nici furnizc uneia dintre ele) congeneric merger ~ conglomerat - (intre societdti i industrii diferite) conglomerate merg ~ operationala - (fuziune prin a sunt integrate operatiunile a dc companii in speranta obfinerii ui wantage sinergetice) operating merg ~ orizontala - (fuziunea a doua fir, care produc acelasi tip de bunuri .1 servicii) horizontal merger ~ prin absorbtie merger absorption ~ verticala - (achizitia unei firme catre unul dintre furnizori sau alia vertical merger

G
gabarit^.M. overall size/dimension ~ al marfii stivuite - (mar.) stowing dimension gaj s.n. pledge, gage, lien ~ cu deposedare - unredeemed pledge ~ fara deposedare - redeemed pledge a da/a pune in ~ - to pledge, to gage, to put in pledge a scoate din ~ - to redeem a pledge, to take out of pledge. galantar s.n. shop window/front, showcase galanterie s.f. 1. (prdvalie) haberdasher's, hosier's 2. (obiecte) narrow goods; (de bdrbat) men's haberdashery; (de dama) hosiery galon s.n. (unitate de mdsurd pentru capacitate) gallon gama s.f. scale, range ~ de preturi - scale of prices ~ de produse - range/portfolio of products ~ sortimentala - product mix/range garant s.m. guarantor, surety, warrantor, bail, bondsman a fi ~ pentru - to stand surety for garanta v.t. to guarantee, to warrant, to secure; (bur., fin.) to cover ~ pentru - to stand security for, to go/to become bail/security for garantat adj. guaranteed, warranted, secured; (bur., fin.) covered ~ prin obligatiuni - bonded
(de calitate etc.) platd) (colateral, un imprumut)

collateral; (fond de acoperire/garantie pentru un imprumut, o tranzactie) cover, coverage; (a executdrii unui contract) pledge, guaranty; (sumd cerutd ca avans pentru datorii sau daune eventuale ori pentru indeplinirea obligatiilor contractuale) caution money; (cerutd exportatorilor) tender guarantee; (cautiune) bail 2. (acord, contract de garantie de platd) bond ~ bancara - bank guarantee ~ colaterala (pentru un imprumut) collateral ~ contra riscurilor la export - export risk guarantee ~ corespunzatoare - adequate security ~ de calitate - warranty of quality ~ de executare - (a contractului) performance guarantee ~ de navigabilitate - (mar.) warranty of seaworthiness ~ exagerata - excessive guarantee ~ expresa - express warranty ~ fiduciara (document care garan-teazd ca proprietatea mcredintatd unui administrator fiduciar nu va suferi nici o daund din cauza acestuia) fiduciary bond ~ fixa - (dreptui creditorului fiind limitat la un anumit activ al unei societdti) fixed charge ~ flotanta - (dreptui creditorului guaranty, pledge; extinzdndu-se la toate activele unei societdfi) floating charge ~ guvernamentala - government security ~ imobiliara - pledge of real property garantie s.f. 1. warranty; (de guarantee, surety, garantie pentru

170

GAR-GH1

~ implicita - (asig.) implied warranty ~ mobiliara - pledge of movables, personal security ~ nula - (proprietate industrials ce nu poate servi drept grantie bancard dacd nu este in exploatare) dead security ~ pe baza de depozit i credit deposit-cum-credit guarantee ~ permanenta - continuing guarantee ~ reala - (dr.) corporal security ~ serioasa - trustworthy guarantee ~ solidara - (dr.) joint guarantee/ surety ~ solida - reliable guarantee ~ suplimentara - additional security ~ unica - single guarantee a da ~ - to warrant gara s.f. (railway) station; (SUA) depot ~ de calatori - passenger station ~ de coletarie/mesagerie - parcel/ packet station ~ de frontiera - border/frontier station ~ de marfuri - goods station ~ de tranzit - transit station ~ de triaj - marshalling yard ~ maritima - harbour station ~ terminus - terminal, terminus garderoba s.f. cloakroom; (SUA) checkroom
gazs.n. gas

~ Uchefiat - liquefied gas ~ natural - natural gas ~ natural lichefiat - liquefied natural
gas

~ petrolier lichefiat - liquefied petroleum gas ~ petrolier lichid - liquid petroleum

gas

gazdui v.t. to house, to lodge, to accommodate

general adj. 1. general; (global) overall, global 2. (incluzand toate cheltuielile, riscurile etc.) all-in generator adj. generating s.n. generator ~ de venit pasiv - passive income generator geodezie s.f. geodesy, geodetics geografie s.f. geography ~ comerciala - commercial geography ~ economica - economic geography gera v.t. to manage, to run; to administer, to administrate gerant adj. managing gestiona v.t. to administer, to administrate; to manage gestiune s.f. administration; management ~ a activelor - asset management ~ a creditelor - credit management ~ a datelor - data management ~ a datoriei - debt management ~ a inventarului - inventory administration/control ~ a intreprinderii - enterprise management ~ a lichiditatilor - cash management ~ a riscurilor - risk management ~ a stocurilor - stock administration./ control ~ bugetara - budget/budgetary administration ~ economica - economic administration/management ~ financiara - financial management ~ greita - mismanagement ghid s.m. (persoana) guide s.n. guide(book), handbook; (care cuprinde unitatile monetare, de mdsura ale mai multor tari) cambist ~ rutier - roadbook

GHI-GRA

171

~ turistic - tourist guidebook, traveller's handbook ghiseu s.n. counter, wicket; pay desk/ office; {c.f.) (booking-office) window; (la teatru sau cinematograf) box-office (window) ~ de informatii - information desk girs.n. {andosare) endorsement ~ conditional qualified endorsement ~ de complezenta accommodation endorsement ~ in alb - blank endorsement gira v.t. 1. (a andosd) to endorse 2. (a garanta) to warrant, to guarantee girant s.m. (andosant, andosator) endorser giratar^.m. (andosatar) endorsee global adj. global, total, aggregate, gross, overall; {despre preturi, cheltuieli) overhead; all-round/-in globalizare s.f. globalisation glont s.n. (imprumut rambursat intr-o singurd transd la sfdrsitui perioadei scadente) bullet gol s.n. {spatiu gol, vid) emptiness, void ~ de productie - idle/slack time, bottleneck gospodar adj. (econom) thrifty s.m. 1. householder 2. (bun administrator) good manager gospodari v.t. (a conduce, a admi-nistrd) to manage, to administer v.i. to keep house, to manage a household v.r. to set up house gospodarie s.f. 1. household 2. {menaj) housekeeping; menage 3. {administrate, administrare) husbandry ~ agricola homestead ~ agricola colectiva collective farm ~ agricola de stat - state farm

~ comunala/municipala - communal husbandry, town management, utility ~ individuals - individual farm gospodina s.f. housekeeper grad s.n. 1. (in matematicd, tehnicd etc.) degree 2. (rang) rank, degree 3. (de apreciere) extent, rate, level ~ de avarie - extent of the damage ~ de fiscalitate - taxation degree ~ de folosire a fortei de munca - rate of work ~ de tranzactionare - {bur., fin.) marketability ~ de uzura - rate of wear grafic s.n. diagram, graph, chart, schedule ~ al pragului de rentabilitate breakeven chart, profitgraph ~ al cererii - demand schedule ~ cu baloane - {in care societdtile sau produsele sunt reprezentate prin cercuri/baloane proportionale ca mdrime cu puterea competitivd ca exprimatd prin volumul vdnzdrilor, active sau cota depiatd) bubble chart ~ de incarcare - diagram of loading ~ de operatii - operation chart ~ de prioritate - priority schedule ~ de transport - {mar.) shipping schedule granita s.f. border, frontier gratificatie s.f. bonus, bounty gratis adv. gratis, without payment, free of charge gratuit adj. gratuitous, gratis, chargeless, costless, free (of charge), for free, at no charge adv. gratuitously gratuitate s.f. gratuitousness gramada s.f. {vrac) bulk grane s.f. pi. grain, corn; {cereale) cereals

172

GRA-GRE

grau s.n. wheat; grain, corn grefa s.f. (dr.) office of the clerk of the court, clerk of the court's office, record office grefier s.m. (dr.) clerk of the court, recorder greseala s.f. mistake; (eroare) error ~ de copiere - clerical error ~ de tipar - printer's error greutate s.f. weight; (sarcind) burden;
(incdrcdturd) load

~ moarta - (care nu aduce navlii) {mar.) deadweight ~ monetara - nummary weight ~ netaxata - weight allowed free ~ neta - net weight ~ neta a caricului descarcat - (mar.) outturn (weight) ~ neta a tarei - net tare ~ neta efectiva/reala - net net weight ~ predata - delivered weight
~ proprie - (a unui vehicul, a unei nave) deadweight

~ a carcasei/a animalului taiat si curatat - carcass weight ~ a caricului - cargo/shipping weight ~ a lotului de marfa - weight of parcel ~ a marfii descarcate - land/landed/ landing weight ~ a marfii in vrac - bulk weight ~ a marfii incarcate - loaded weight ~ a navei goale - (mar.) light displacement/weight, light ship/vessel, lightweight tonnage, unloaded displacement ~ bruta - (marfa cu ambalaj) gross/tare weight ~ consemnata in warant - warrant weight ~ cu ambalaj - packed weight ~ de sacrificare - slaughter weight ~ descarcata/predata - outturn weight ~ estimata - estimated weight ~ estimata a ambalajului - estimated tare ~ -etalon - standard of weight, test weight ~ excedentara - overweight ~ in livre - poundage ~ in minus - (la predare) short weight ~ incarcata - (mar.) shipped weight ~ legala a tarei - legal tare ~ maxima - all-up weight

~ proprie/fara incarcatura - weight empty, sole weight ~ reala a tarei - clear/real tare ~ specifica - specific gravity ~ stabilita de incarcator - (mar.) shipper's weight ~ sub cea normala/permisa underweight ~ suplimentara - extra weight ~ si continut necunoscute - (mentiune
intr-un conosament) (mar.) weight and

content unknown ~ totala - total weight ~ unitara - unit weight ~ utila - useful weight ~ uzuala a tarei - usual tare ~ , valoare si continut necunoscute {mentiune intr-un conosament) {mar.)

weight, value and content unknown ~ vie (a animalului inainte de tdiere) live weight ~ volumetrica - weight by volume, bulk density greva v.i. (dr.) to encumber, to burden greva s.f. strike, work stoppage, suspension of work, walkout; industrial action ~ a consumatorilor - consumer strike ~ a cumparatorilor - buyers' strike

GRE-GUV

173

~ a foamei - hunger strike ~ autorizata official strike ~ de avertisment warning/token strike ~ de delimitare - (grevd cauzatd de conflictui apdrut intre sindicate cu privire la ce categoric de muncitori ar trebui sd execute anumite tipuri de lucrdri) (SUA) jurisdictional strike ~ de protest - protest strike ~ Ae siAiAaritate - sympathetic striKe ~ -fulger/spontana - lightning strike ~ generala - general strike ~ italiana/la locul de munca - sit--down/-in strike ~ neautorizata - unofficial strike; (de sindicaf} wildcat strike ~ patronala (inchiderea fabricii de cdtre patronat pe o anumitd perioadd pentru a nu satisface revendicdrile salariatilor) lockout ~ perlata - go-slow (strike) a chema la ~ - to call out a declara ~ - to call a strike a face ~ - to (go on) strike, to walk out, to stop work a fi in ~ - to be on strike a intra in ~ - to come out on strike grevist s.m. striker, work(man) on strike grila s.f. grid; scale ~ de aprovizionare - (model al acti-vitdtii de aprovizionare industrials) buygrid ~ de salarizare - pay/salary scale

~ manageriala - (sistem de evaluare a competentei manageriale) managerial grid grup s.n. 1. group; cluster 2. (cere de persoane cu interese economice comune sustinute pe cdi ilegale) ring ~ de activitati analoage -job family ~ de brokeri neoficiali - coulisse ~ de interese - (economice) vested interests; (corporatie, grup de oameni ae afaceri care soYicita faciYitdfi, mdeosebi de naturd legislativa} special interest ~ de presiune - lobby ~ de studiere a cerintelor consu-matorilor - aspirational group ~ socioeconomic - socioeconomic grade ~ strategic - (grup de societdti cu pondere importantd in cadrul unei industrii care urmeazd o strategic comuna) strategic group grupa s.f. group; (categoric de salarizare, impozitare} bracket ~ de venituri - income group guler-s-./i. collar gulere albastre - (muncitorii manuali/ industrial!) blue-collar workers ~ albe (clasa de mijioc din societdtile industriale avansate) white-collar workers guvern s.n. government guverna v.i. to govern ~ prost - to misgovern guvernator^.w. governor ~ general - governor general

H
hala s.f. 1. hall 2. (in piatd) market house/hall, covered market ~ de carne - meat market ~ de legume - vegetable market ~ de pete - fish market ~ de vechituri - second-hand market hamal s.m. 1. porter 2. (mar.) stevedore, longshoreman han s.n. inn hangar s.n. shed; (pentru avioane) hangar ~ pentru depozitare temporara shed for short storage ~ pentru marfuri de export - export sheed; (mar.) shipping shed ~ pentru marfuri in tranzit - transit shed, shed for passing goods ~ portuar - dock/port shed ~ portuar de marfuri - freight shed hangiu s.m. innkeeper harta s.f. map; chart ~ cadastrala - cadastral map ~ geografica - geographical map ~ marina - sea/nautical chart hazard s.n. hazard; (rise) risk ~ moral - (comportament necinstit sau
neglijentd a persoanelor care nu suportd costurile actelor lor, situatie generatd de existenta unei asigurdri

etc.) moral hazard hartie s.f. paper ~ de ambalaj/impachetat - pack/ packing/wrapping paper ~ de scrisori - note/letter paper ~ de tipar - printing paper ~ de ziar - news paper ~ indigo/carbon - copy paper

~ -moneda - paper money ~ pentru emisiuni de valoa bancnote - security paper ~ timbrata - stamped paper ~ velina - (wire-) wove paper hartii de valoare - (fin.) securities hebdomadar adj. weei hebdomadal, hebdomadary s.n. WE (magazine) hectare./!, hectare hedging s.n. (operatiune de cone carare a riscurilor ce pot decurge < fluctuatiile cursurilor la bursele marfuri, din variatiile preturilor tranzactiile de comerf exterior sau i cursurilor de schimb) (bur., hedging ~ realizat prin cumpararea contracte futures - long hedging ~ valutar - currency hedging hidrocentrala s.f. hydroelec (power)' plant/station, water-pos plant hidrofil adj. (despre unele mdrf hydrophilic, water-retaining hidrofob adj. hydrophobic, wa /moisture-repellent hidrotghmca s.f. hJdrotechnics hiperinflatie s.f. hyperinflat runaway inflation holding s. n. holding (company) horticultor^.m. horticulturist horticultura s.f. horticulture hotarare s.f. (decizie) decision; (ora order; (decret) decree; (judeca r eased) judg(e)ment, sentec (arbitrald) award

HOT-HOV

~ a administratiei locale - by(e)-law ~ judecatoreasca - judg(e)ment, sentence ~ judecatoreasca de declarare in stare de faliment - decree in bankruptcy, adjudication order ~ judecatoreasca de lichidare winding-up order ~ judecatoreasca de scoatere de sub sechestru - replevin ~ judecatoreasca definitiva judg(e)ment absolute ~ judecatoreasca executorie enforceable judg(e)ment ~ judecatoreasca in contumacie judg(e)ment in absence

175

hotart v.t. (dr.) to decide, to rule; (o penalitate, o plata) to award ~ asupra unei spete - {dr.) to deal with a case ~ in fond - (dr.) to decide on the merits of the case hotels./?, hotel ~ -pensiune - residential hotel hotelier adj. hotel... s.m. {proprietor sau director al unui hotel) hotelkeeper, hotelman hovercraft s.n. (aeroglisor, nava pe pernd de aer) hovercraft, air-cushion ship/vessel ~ costier - coaster hovercraft ~ pentru pasageri - passenger hovercraft

I
iard s.n. (unitate de masurd pentru lungime) yard identificare s.f. identification ~ automata - (a unui produs) automatic identification identitate s.f. identity ~ a corporatiei - (man.) corporate identity ~ falsa (pentru incasarea unui cec) false pretences ieftin adj. cheap, inexpensive ieftinatate s.f. cheapness, inexpensiveness ieftini v.t. to reduce/to diminish the price ofv.r. to fall in price, to come/to go down ierarhic adj. hierarchical adv. hierarchically, through the usual channels ierarhie s.f. hierarchy; levels of authority, chain of command ierarhizare s.f. (a posturilor in functie de competenta cerutd si salarizarea corespunzdtoare) grading igiena s.f. hygiene igiena muncii - industrial health/ hygiene ignorat adj. (despre actiuni puse in vdnzare) neglected ilegal adj. illegal, unlawful, illicit adv. illegally, unlawfully ilegalitate s.f. 1. (caracter ilegal) illegality, unlawfulness 2. (act) unlawful act; secret/underground activity ilicit adj. illicit, illegal, unlawful adv. illicitly iluzie s.f. illusion ~ monetara - (ideea falsa cd banii avea o putere fixd de cumpdrc tendinta de a ignora modifies valorii banilor din cauza inflatiei sa deflatiei) money illusion imagine s.f. 1. image 2. (imprimatur monedd, marcd) mintage ~ a corporatiei - (man.) corpc image ~ a marcii - brand(ed) image imigra v.i. to immigrate imigrant.s'.w. immigrant imobil s.n. house; (cladire) build (cu teren, instalatii) premises ~ comercial business premises ~ cu locuinte collective housing imobiliar adj. real, immovable imobiliza v.t. (un capital) immobilize, to tie up, to lock away.1 impact s. n. impact ~ al impozitului - tax impact impar adj. odd imperialism^.?!, imperialism ~ economic - economic imperialism implementa v.t. to implement implicare s.f. (a unui cumpdrdtor luarea unei decizii atunci cdnd c. zitioneazd un produs) involvement import s. n. import; importation ~ cu scutire de taxe vamale --free importation ~ global - total import ~ interzis - prohibited import ~ masiv heavy import importuri invizibile (import servicii) invisible imports

IMP-IMP

177

~ paralele - (de produse cu preturi mai scdzute decdt cele din propria tard) parallel imports ~ vizibile - (import de mdrfuri) visible imports importa v.t. to import importator s.m. importer ~ independent - independent importer impostura s.f. (pentru incasarea unui cec) false pretences impozabil adj. taxable, leviable; (despre o proprietate) rat(e)able, assessable; (referitor la taxele vamale etc.) dutiable; (referitor la accize) excisable; (referitor la taxele rutiere, taxele percepute in piete, targuri etc.) tollable impozit s.n. tax, duty, impost, contribution; (taxa rutierd, impozit perceput in piete, targuri etc.) toll ~ amanat - deferred tax ~ anual - (pe proprietate) reprises ~ ascuns/indirect - hidden tax ~ asupra prelucrarii industriale a produselor - processing tax
~ auto - (mai ales la masinile de import) car tax

~ negativ - (transfer de venit, de la cei bogati la cei sdraci, in vederea garantdrii unui venit minim acestora din urmd) negative income tax ~ pe avere - wealth tax ~ pe cap de locuitor - capitation(tax), head/poll tax ~ pe capital - capital tax, tax on capital ~ pe catigul de capital - capital gains
tax

~ conform categoriei de impunere schedule(d) tax ~ degresiv - degressive tax ~ direct - direct tax ~ echitabil - equitable tax ~ extraordinar - emergency tax ~ fiscal/pe timbru - stamp duty ~ funciar - land/ground tax ~ global/forfetar - lump-sum tax ~ imobiliar - real estate tax ~ indirect - indirect tax ~ local/municipal - council/local/ municipal tax

~ pe chirii - rent tax ~ pe cifra de afaceri - turnover tax, tax on turnover ~ pe circulatia marfurilor - (perceput in jiecare etapd a procesului de distribute) sales/tumover/transactions/ cascade tax ~ pe consuin - consumption/ expenditure tax, tax on consumption ~ pe dividende - dividend tax ~ pe dobanda - interest tax ~ pe donatie - donation/gift duty ~ pe incasari - receipts tax ~ pe lux - luxury tax ~ pe profit - profit/revenue tax; (SUA) corporate/corporation tax ~ pe profitui excedentar nedistribuit - (impozit pe dividendele nedistribuite
primite de o societate de investitii

financiare) excess retention tax ~ pe proprietate - property tax ~ pe salarii - salary tax ~ pe supraprofit - excess profits tax, supertax ~ pe unitate/unitar - unit tax ~ pe venit - income tax; (SUA) federal income tax ~ pe venitui global - total income tax ~ pe venitui personal - personal income tax

178

~ progresiv - progressive tax ~ proportional cu venitui - graduated income tax ~ regresiv - regressive tax ~ represiv - (pentru franarea investitiilsr, a consumului) repressive tax ~ restant - (5' UA) delinquent tax ~ retinut la sursa - withholding tax ~ succesoral/pe mostenire inheritance tax, succession duty, estate duty/tax ~ unic single tax ~ uniform - flat tax impozite de asigurari sociale - social security taxes ~ si taxe - taxes and dues impozita v.t. to tax; to levy taxes on impozitare s.f. taxation ~ la sursa a venitului - (din salami) pay as you earn ~ multipla/dubia - multiple taxation ~ proportionala cu posibilitatea de a plati - ability-to-pay taxation impresar^./n. impresario imprima v.t. 1. (a tipdri) to print 2. (tesaturi) to (im)print; (prin apdsare cu sigiliul, stampild) to emboss imprimat adj. printed s.n. print; (formular) form pi. printed works, print matter/paper imprimerie s.f. 1. printing office/ works/house 2. (de tesaturi) printery impune v.t. 1. to impose: (o sarcina) to assign 2. (fiscal) to tax; (o proprietate) to rate, to assess; (plata accizelor) to excise ~ excesiv - to overtax impunere s.f. 1. imposing; (a unei sarcini) assignment 2. (fiscala) taxation; (a unei proprietdti) rating, assessment

~ excesiva - overtaxation ~ nejustificata - exaction ~ pe piata de catre consumatori unui produs} consumer pullthrough ~ proportionala cu venitui graduated taxation imputa v.t. (bani) to deduct... (frc to charge imputare s.f. (in bani) charge imunitate s.f. immunity ~ diplomatics - diplomatic privilege ~ fiscala - tax franchise ~ parlamentara - parliamenta immunity ~ vamala - duty-free import imunizare s.f. (procesul de stabilire{ mentinere a unei duratii egale la acfl| si pasive in vederea reducerii rise ratei dobanzil) (fin.) immunization inactiv adj. inactive; (stagnant) (neproductiv) dormant; (nefolosit) unemployed; (despre o piata) sluggish; (fdrd tranzactii) (bur.) list inactivitate s.f. inactivity; (stagn dullness inalienabil adj. inalien< unassignable inamovibil adj. irremovable inamovibilitate s.f. irremovability inaugura v.t. to inaugurate; deschide) to open incapacitate s.f. 1. (de mu. disability; (invaliditate) inval 2. (juridica) disability; (legald) (If, incapacity ~ de a actiona in justitie - disabilit sue ~ de a mcheia contracte - disabilit enter into contracts ~ de a mstraina o proprietat disability to alienate property

INC-IND

179

~ de munca permanenta i totala total permanent incapacity ~ de plata a datoriilor - inability to pay debts ~ temporara de munca - temporary disability incaso s.n. collection of payments ~ documentar - (pperatiune de incasare efectuatd de banca exportatorului la dispozitia acestuid) documentary collection incendiere s.f. setting on fire ~ premeditata - (asig.) arson incendiu s.n. 1. fire 2. (provocat) (asig.) arson incertitudine s.f. (situatie in care rezultatele unei decizii nu sunt sigure) uncertainty include v.t. 1. to include, to add in, to comprise, to contain; (intr-un plic) to enclose; (a inserd) to insert 2. (costut) to figure in inclusiv adj. (despre preturi, tarife) inclusive (of) adv. inclusive; inclusively; included ~ cheltuielile - charges included ~ toate cheltuielile - inclusive of all charges incorporal adj. (dr.) incorporeal inculpa v.t. to indict, to charge, to inculpate indemniza v.t. to indemnify, to requite indemnizatie s.f. (despdgubire) indemnity, compensation; (alocatie) allowance, benefit, pay; (de drum etc.} pay, allowance ~ de boala - sick allowance/benefit/ pay, statutory sick pay, sickness benefit ~ de celeritate - (mar.) dispatch money

~ de concediere - dismissal compensation/pay/wage, terminal

wages

~ de concediu - vacation allowance, holiday pay ~ de deces (platibild in caz de deces) (asig.) death benefit ~ de deplasare - (in interes de serviciu) travel/travelling allowance, subsistence allowance/money; (acordatd martorilor intr-un proces) conduct money; (pe numdr de mile) mileage ~ de formare/pregatire - training allowance ~ de greva - strike benefit/pay ~ de munca in strainatate - foreign allowance ~ de reprezentare - entertainment allowance ~ de omaj - dole ~ familiala - family allowance ~ parlamentara - member's emoluments ~ pentru cointeresare/stimulare (acordatd conducerii unei societdti) (man.) enabling/goodwill payment ~ pentru creterea preturilor deamess allowance ~ pentru incapacitate de munca disability benefit ~ pentru persoane tntretinute de salariat - dependants' benefit ~ personala - personal allowance - speciala - perquisite independenta s.f. independence ~ economica (economic) self-sufficiency indescifrabil adj. undecipherable, indecipherable; (ilizibil) illegible indexare s.f. indexation

180

IND-IND

indicator s. n. indicator; index ~ al strazilor - street directory ~ al variatiilor sezoniere - index adjusted for seasonal variations, index adjusted seasonally ~ de cale ferata - railway indicator/ pole indicatori economici - economic indicators ~ financtari - financial indicators indice s.m. index ~ al costului vietii - cost-of-living index ~ al preturilor - price index ~ al preturilor de consum - (indicele preturilor cu amdnuntuJ) consumer price index, index of retail prices ~ al preturilor producatorilor producer price index ~ al salariilor - wages index ~ bursier/al cursului actiunilor share index ~ corectat - rectified index ~ de cantitate - quantity/volume index ~ de dezvoltare a marcii - (care aratd mdsura in care un produs pdtrunde pe diferite zone ale unei piete) brand development index ~ de lichiditate - (fin.) liquidity ratio ~ de solvabilitate - (fin.) solvency ratio ~ de uzura - wear index ~ financiar - financial ratio ~ general al preturilor - general price index ~ individual al preturilor - individual price index ~ sintetic al preturilor - aggregate price index indici ponderati - weighted in^ es

individual adj. 1. individual; (personal) personal 2. (dr.) several indiviz adj. (dr.) undivided, joint indiviziune s.f. (dr.) joint ownership/ tenancy industrial adj. industrial industrialism s.n. industrialism industrializa v.t. to industrialize industrial 5. m. industrialist industrie s.f. industry industria alimentara - food industry ~ casnica/artizanala - home/cottage/ family industry ~ cauciucului - the rubber industry ~ ceramica - pottery industry ~ chimica chemical industry ~ conservelor - packing industry ~ constructiilor de masini mechanical engineering/machine building (industry) ~ de automobile - car/automotive industry ~ de prelucrare a lemnului -woodworking industry ~ distractiilor/spectacolelor amusement industry ~ editorials publishing industry ~ extractive extractive industry ~ fbrestiera forest/timber/wood industry ;, ~ frigului - refrigerating industry, cold! storage trade ~ grea - heavy industry | ~ hartiei - paper industry | ~ hoteliera - hotel industry/trade | metalurgica metallurgic(,industry ~ miniera - mining industry ~ otelului steel industry ~ petroliera - oil/petroleum industry ~ poligrafica - printing industry

IND-INF

181

~ prelucratoare - process/processing/ manufacturing industry ~ primara (care extrage si adund resursele naturale prin activitdti cum ar fi mineritui, agricultura etc.) primary industry ~ secundara - {care utilizeazd resursele industriei primare) secondary industry ~ spectacolelor - show business ~ tertiara/serviciilor tertiary/service industry ~ textila - textile industry ~ timpului liber - leisure industry ~ transporturilor carrying trade ~ turistica - tourist trade ~ u$oara - light industry ~ viticola - wine industry industrie-cheie/de baza - key industry ~ cu investitii man pe unitatea de produs - capital-intensive industry ~ cu perspective de dezvoltare -growth industry ~ locala - local industry ~ meste$ugareasca - handicraft industry ~ noua - infant industry ~ principals staple industry ~ protejata - (impotriva concurentei strdine) sheltered industry ~ subvenfionata - subsidized industry industrii conexe - related industries inertie s.f. inertia ~ industrials - (dezinteresul unor proprietari de intreprinderi indtistriale de a-si muta societdtile in alte locuri mai propice desfdsurdrii activitdtii) industrial inertia inexigibil adj. inexigible, undue, not due

inferior adj. (despre calitate) low, poor; (despre metale etc.) base inflatie s.f. inflation ~ anticipata - forestalled inflation ~ ascunsa/mascata - hidden inflation ~ controlata - pent-up inflation ~ de crestere - (situatie in care inflatia, in anumite conditii si proportii, poate contribui la cresterea economica) growth inflation ~ de penurie - (cdnd oferta insuficientd exercitd presiuni de mdrire a preturilor) shortage inflation, short squeeze ~ galopanta - hyperinflation, runaway inflation ~ lenta/taratoare - creeping inflation ~ prin cerere - (cauzatd de cresterea cererii agregate fata de oferta agregata) demand-induced/-pull inflation ~ prin costuri (cauzatd de cresterea costurilor de productie independent de cererea agregata) cost-push inflation ~ prin moneda - (cauzatd de emisiuni monetare excesive) money supply inflation ~ structurala - structural inflation ~ suprimata - suppressed inflation inflationism s. n. inflationism inflationist adj. inflationary s.m. (adept al inflationismului) inflationist influenta s.f. influence ~ ilegala (presiune exercitatd pentru semnarea unui contract) (dr.) undue influence informatica s.f informatics ~ de gestiune - business/administrative data processing informatie s.f. information ~ ascunsa (forma de manifestare a hazardului moral intr-o relatie

182

1NF-INS

contractuald incompletd) hidden information ~ asimetrica - (cu distribute inegald intre participantii la o tranzactie) asymmetric information ~ economica - economic information infractiune s.f. offence, malfeasance, breaking/infringement of the law, transgression infrastructura s.f. infrastructure; social (overhead) capital inginer s.m. engineer ~ agronom - agricultural engineer, agronomist ~ constructor - civil engineer ~ consultant - consulting engineer ~ de constructii navale - naval architect ~ de exploatare - operating/works engineer ~ de poduri si sosele - government civil engineer ~ electrician - electrical engineer ~ mecanic - mechanical engineer ~ minier - mining engineer ~ silvic - silvicultural/forestry expert ~ -sef- chief engineer ~ tehnolog - process engineer inginerie s.f. engineering ~ financiara - financial engineering ~ tehnica - engineering insolvabil adj. insolvent insolvabilitate s.f, insolvency inspecta v.;. to inspect, to survey, to examine inspector s.m. inspector, surveyor, (inspection) officer ~ de asigurari - (in sectorul asigurdrilor pentru accidente si incendii) insurance surveyor

~ de credite - credit officer, loan administrator/officer ~ de registru/clasificare - (mar.} (classification) surveyor, ship's/marine; maritime surveyor ~ de tonaj - (mar.) tonnage ga(u)ging surveyor ~ financiar - tax inspector, inspector of taxes ~ general - inspector general ~ sanitar officer of health, sanitary inspector ~ silvic - forester ~ vamal - customs inspector/surveyor ~ vamal maritim -jerquer ~ vamal terestru - land waiter inspectorate, n. inspectorate ~ maritim - marine board inspectie s.f. inspection, survey, examination ~ de clasificare (a registrului naval) survey classification ~ tehnica - technical inspection/survey ~ vamala - customs inspection/survey instabil adj. unstable; (despre piata bursierd) volatile; (fluctuant) wide instabilitate s.f. instability; (fluctuatie) unsteadiness ~ politica - political uncertainty instalatie s.f. installation; equipment, outfit; plant ~ de apa - plumbing ~ de iluminat illumination plant ~ de operat cereale (mar.) bulk grain-handling appliance ~ de operat marfuri in vrac - (mar.) bulk cargo handling facility ~ de punte - (mar.) deck gear ~ frigorifica - refrigerating/cold-storage plant, freezer ~ in aer liber/deschisa - outdoor plant

INS-INT

183

~ sanitara - sanitary installation instalatii de santier - site facilities ~ portuare - harbour/port facilities ~ portuare de operare - (incdrcare, descdrcare) shipping facilities instanta s.f. (dr.') instance, law court, court (of justice) ~ civila - civil court ~ penala - criminal court institui v.t. to institute, to set up, to establish ~ retentie asupra - to put a lien on ~ un embargo - to embargo, to lay an embargo institute. institute ~ de cercetari - research institute ~ de proiectare - design institute institutie s.f. institution, establishment ~ bugetara - budgetary institution ~ de binefacere - charity/benevolent/ philanthropic institution ~ de stat - public office ~ mandatata - corporate trustee institutional adj. institutional institutionalism s.n. institutionalism instructiune s.f. instruction, direction, order instructiuni ale armatorului - (mar.) shipowner's directions ~ de asigurare - insurance instructions ~ de exploatare - working instructions ~ de folosire - service instructions ~ de virare din cont curent in cont de depozit - (sau invers) bank sweep arrangements ~ tehnice - engineer regulations instrui v.t. to instruct; to train instruire s.f. instruction; training ~ in cadrul intreprinderii - training within industry, in-house training

instrument s.n. 1. instrument; (unealta) tool, implement; (dispozitiv) device 2. (act juridic) (legal) d instrument ~ de plata - instrument of payment ~ financiar/de credit - credit instrument ~ incomplet de plata - {cambia) inchoate instrument ~ monetar - monetary instrument instrumente de control - inspection tools ~ negociabile - (fin.) negotiable instruments/securities, trad(e)able instruments insuficient adj. insufficient, deficient, scarce, short; (despre stocuri, rezerve) low; (despre bani, capitaluri) stringent integrare s.f. integration ~ economics - economic integration ~ orizontala - (fuziunea organizatiilor in aceeasi companie, Qpusd integrdrii verticale) horizontal/lateral integration ~ sociala - social integration ~ verticals - (integrarea productiei cu sursele de aprovizionare si cu pietele de desfacere) vertical integration intensitate s.f. intensity ~ a capitalului - (yaloarea activelor necesare pentru a produce un dolar de vdnzdri) capital intensity interdictie s.f. interdiction, forbiddance, ban, prohibition ~ a importului - import ban/ prohibition ~ de a executa ore suplimentare overtime ban interes s. n. interest ~ asigurabil - insurable interest ~ public - public interest

184

interimar adj. temporary, provisional, acting, ad interim mterimats.n. interim interior adj. internal, interior, inner s.n. 1. interior, inside 2. (al unui stat) inland, interior; (tard) home intermediar adj. intermediate, intermediary s.m. intermediate, intermediary, agent, middleman, factor, go-between, bargain maker ~ al fuziunii - merger broker ~ de schimburi valutare - exchange jobber ~ financiar - financial intermediary ~ in comertui angro - full-function wholesaler ~ in comertui cu marfuri - produce broker a fi ~ - to intermediate; (intre) to deal
(between)

intermediere s.f. intermediation; (a

unei afaceri, a unei tranzactif)

factorage ~ bursiera - stockjobbery, stockjobbing ~ financiara - financial intermediation interministerial adj. interdepartmental intern adj. internal; domestic, home interstatal adj. interstate interveni v.i. to intervene interventie s.f. (a statului in economic, a bdncii centrale pe piata financiar-bancard etc.) intervention ~ a statului - state/government interference ~ bancara - (pentru sustinerea cursului). banking support interventionist s.m. (adept al interventiei statului in economic) interventionist intervieva v.t. to interview

interviu s.n. interview ~ nedirijat/nestandardizat - informal interview ~ prin telefon - telephone interview interzice v.t. to forbid, to interdict, to prohibit, to ban interzicere s.f. forbiddance, interdiction, prohibition, ban intraprenoriat s.n. (promo varea call- | tdtilor de antreprenor in interiond \ marilor companii) intrapreneurship | intrare s.f. 1. entering; entrance 2. (is posesie) (dr.) entry, entrance 3. (inregistrare in cont) (cont.) entry ~ in functie - assumption of an office, taking up duties ~ in posesie - (dr.) entry, entrance ~ in posesie prin fbrta - (dr.) forcible entry ~ in vigoare - coming into force/effect introduce v.t. to introduce; (a insera} to insert; (marfuri, propuneri etc.) ttt bring in; (o clauza) to put in inunda v.t. 1. to flood, to inundate 2. (piata cu o marfd) to glut invalida v.t. (dr.) to invalidate invaliditate s.f. invalidity, disability; disablement ~ totala - complete disability inventar s.n. inventory, stocktaking (lista) list, bill, schedule ~ agricol - agricultural implements ~ continuu - continuous inventory ~ de lada - packing list/note/sheet/sUj ~ fizic - physical inventory ~ mort - (utilaje si constr agricole) deadstock ~ pe stocuri - lot-size inventory ~ periodic - (cont.) periodic inventory ~ permanent - (mentinut la zi) (con perpetual inventory

1NV-IPO

185

~ viu - (septel) livestock a face un ~ - to inventory, to draw up an inventory, to take stock of an inventory inventaria v. t. to inventory investi v.t. to invest; (a plasa) to place, to vest, to put out ~ excesiv - to overinvest investitor^.w. investor ~ institutional - (organisme care dispun de resurse importante, care procedeazd in mod regulat la investitii si care gestioneazd portofolii de man dimensiuni, precum companiile de asigurdri, fondurile de pensii si investitii, handle) institutional investors ~ mare - (investitor strategic) big investor ~ mic - small investor investitie s.f. investment; (plasament) placement, placing ~ aducatoare de profit - (constant si sigur) true investment ~ autonoma - (cheltuieli de investitie care nu sunt induse de modificdri ale nivelului productiei, ci sunt realizate pentru dezvoltarea infrastructurii) autonomous investment ~ bruta - gross investment ~ comerciala - (investitia uneifirme in actiunile unei companii din acelasi sector de activitate cu eel al investitorului) trade investment ~ comunitara/obsteasca - community investment ~ cu rise scazut - conservative investment ~ de capital - capital investment ~ directa - direct investment ~ etica ethical investment ~ excesiva overinvestment ~ externa - foreign investment

~ financiara - financial investment ~ fixa (in infrastructura) fixed investment ~ involuntara - (in stocuri de mar/a, cauzatd de productia pe stoc) involuntary investment ~ in obiecte de valoare - non-monetary investment ~ in strainatate - international/ overseas investment ~ necorespunzatoare - unsuitability ~ negativa - disinvestment, negative investment ~ neta - net investment ~ pe termen lung long-term investment, lockaway, lockup ~ planificata - planned investment ~ privata - private investment ~ productiva productive investment ~ publica/de stat public/government investment ~ sigura - safe investment ~ straina foreign investment ~ straina directa foreign direct investment investitii de portofoliu - portfolio investments ~ induse - (termen care desemneazd investitiile realizate pentru satisfacerea cresteru constatate sou estimate a cererii de bunuri economice) induced/ passive investments ~ speculative speculative investments ipoteca v.t. to mortgage, to hypothecate; (a gaja) to pledge ipotecar adj. hypothecary a fi obligat ~ - to be bound by mortgage ipotecare s.f. mortgage, mortgaging, hypothecation; (go/are) pledging ipoteca s.f. mortgage, hypothec; (gaj) pledge

186

IPO-IZV

~ aeronautica - aircraft mortgage ~ asiguratorie - endowment mortgage ~ contributiva/colectiva - (ipoteca data unui singur creditor, alcdtuitd prin contributiile mai muhor persoane) contributory mortgage ~ cu amortizare graduala/progresiva - graduated payment mortgage ~ cu dobanda variabila adjustable/ variable rate mortgage ~ cu termen scurt de rambursare -quick-pay mortgage ~ de prim rang - (creantd garantatd printr-o ipoteca imobiliard fdrd rang anterior) first mortgage ~ de rang inferior - (ipoteca precedatd de unul sau mai multe ranguri) junior mortgage ~ de rangul doi - (creantd garantatd printr-o ipoteca imobiliard de rang posterior care se adaugd la ipoteca de prim rang) second mortgage ~ deschisa (a caret sumd poate fi mdrita) open mortgage ~ echitabila - (ipoteca neinscrisd pentru garantarea unui credit) equitable mortgage ~ generala/totala - blanket mortgage ~ globala - (care inlocuieste tin numdr de ipoteci existente) blanket mortgage

~ imobiliara - residential mortgage ~ in bani - capital mortgage ~ invaluitoare - (ipoteca secundara) mortgage wraparound ~ judiciara - mortgage by order of the court ~ legala - legal mortgage ~ maritima/navala - maritime/ ship mortgage ~ maximala - (ipoteca constituitd pentru o creantd nedeterminata) maximum sum mortgage ~ mobiliara - chattel mortgage ~ preferentiala - senior mortgage ~ prin inchiriere - (SUA) leasehold mortgage ~ principals - head mortgage a face o ~ - to mortgage, to raise a mortgage a greva un bun cu o ~ - to encumber an estate with mortgage irosi v.t. to squander, to waste istorie s.f. history ~ economica - economic history itinerar s.n. itinerary, route, way; (maritim sau aviatic) lane ~ turistic tourist itinerary izvor s.n. spring ~ de ape minerale - spa

/\

imbarca v.t. 1. (mar.) (persoane) to embark; (marfuri) to ship, to take aboard, to haul on board 2. (in tren) to entrain 3. (in avion) to enplane v.r. 1. (mar.) to embark, to go aboard a ship 2. (;>2 tren) to entrain 3. (f?i avion) to enplane imbarcare ,?./ 1. (mar.) (de persoane) embarkation, embarkment; (de marfuri) shipment, shipping (of goods) 2. (in tren) entraining 2. (in avion) enplaning ~ de balast - (mar.) ballastage imbogati v.t. to make rich/wealthy, to enrich v.r. to enrich oneself, to get/to grow rich a se ~ rapid/peste noapte - to strike it rich imbogatire s.f. enrichment, enriching, money-making imbracaminte s.f. clothes, clothing, wear, (wearing) apparel ~ de protectie - protective clothing imbunatati v.t. 1. to improve, to better 2. (a asana/a recupera un teren) to reclaim imbunatatire betterment s.f. improvement, (man.) ~ continua improvement imbunatatiri continuous funciare - land improvement/betterment, reclamation a face ~ funciare - to reclaim impacheta v.t. to pack (up), to package; (a inveli) to wrap (up) impachetare s.f. package, packing; (invelire) wrapping

impaduri v.t. to afforest, to put (a region) under timber imparti v.t. to share (out), to apportion; (a distribui) to distribute, to give out; (a alocd) to allot; (a parcela) to parcel out; (a defaica, a scinda) to break down; (a repartiza un rise) (asig.) to spread; (scrisori) to deliver; (carftle de joc) to deal out; (pomana) lo dole; (intre) to partition, to divide (among, between); (cifre) (la) to divide (by) impartire s.f. sharing, apportionment, division; (distribute) distribution; (alocare) allotment; (defalcare, scindare) breakdown; (repartizare a unui rise) (asig.) spread ~ a pietei - market sharing ~ a timpului de folosire - time sharing impovara v.t. (cu datorii, impozite, responsabilitati) to saddle impovarator adj. (oneros) burdensome tmproprietari v.t. to put in possession of land, to appropriate land to improprietarire s.f. allotment, appropriation, assignment; (reformd agrara) land reform imprumut s.n. loan, accomodation, advance; (credit) credit; (acordat unei intreprinderi care produce pentru stat sau pentru derularea unor servicii publice) imprest ~ bancar - bank advance/loan ~ conditionat/cu clauze restrictive tied loan ~ consolidat (credit ipotecar pe termen lung, acordat pentru o perioadd mai mare de 10 ani) permanent loan

188

IMP-IMP

~ contra semnatura - (credit care nu necesitd garantii suplimentare) signature loan ~ cu autolichiditate - (imprumut pentru finantarea activelor curente) selfliquidating loan ~ cu dobanda variabila - (in functie de rata primard a bdncii) floating prime ~ cu garantie - collateral loan, loan against collateral/security ~ de asistenta - aid loan ~ de razboi - war loan ~ de stat government/public loan ~ de titluri securities lending ~ extern foreign/external loan ~ garantat - secured loan ~ garantat cu un stoc - warehouse receipt loan ~ ipotecar - mortgage/real estate loan ~ ipotecar pentru imbunatatiri funciare development mortgage ~ tn doua valute (imprumut pe baza de obligatiuni emise in doua valute} dual currency loan ~ la termen - time/term loan ~ maritim - (cu ipotecarea nave!) bottomry; (cu angajarea mdrfii) respondentia ~ negarantat - straight/unsecured/ fiduciary loan ~ nerecuperabil - dead loan ~ obligatar bond issue/loan ~ pe termen lung - long (term) loan ~ pe termen scurt - short (term) loan ~ pentru amortizare redemption loan ~ pentru masuri provizorii/ temporare - stopgap loan ~ pentru o saptamana - weekly loan/money

~ pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta (acordat caselor de compensate sas agentilor de bursa) daily loan/money, dayto-day loan/money; (acordat agentilor de bursa) street loan ~ pentru tranzactii - (in vederea acoperirii necesarului de fond de rulment) transaction loan 1~ personal - (credit, rambursabil is \ rate lunare, acordat persoanelor fizice, in special salariati, pentru achizi-tionarea de bunuri de consum) personal loan ~ -punte/de legatura - (finantare interimard, imprumut pe termen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent) bridge loan ~ rambursabil in valuta tarii creditoare - hard loan ~ rambursabil la cerere - call/loan demand, money at/on call ~ rambursabil la cerere si cu preaviz - money at call and short notice ~ reciproc - (aranjament financiar prin care doua companii se imprumutd reciproc in vederea operatiilor de exportimport) back-to-back-loan ~ sindicalizat - syndicated/ participating loan ~ sintetic - (transformarea unui imprumut cu ratd flotantd intr-unul cu ratdfixd prin folosirea ratelor dobdnzii la termen) synthetic loan a acorda un ~ - to grant a loan a emite un ~ - to issue a loan a face un ~ - to raise/to conclude/to make a loan a lansa un ~ - to float a loan

1MP-INC

189

imprumuta v.t. (a da cu imprumut) to lend; (a lua cu imprumut) to borrow; (bani) to accommodate with ~ cu camata - to lend upon usury imprumutat s.m. (persoand care ia cu imprumut') borrower imputernici v.t. to empower, to commission; (dr.) to warrant; (a delegd) to depute tmputernicire s.f. mandate, trust, commission, power; warrant; (procura) power/warrant of attorney, proxy, deed trust ~ de a semna -signatory power ~ expresa - express trust ~ pasiva (prin care mandatarul nu are nici o sarcind activa) (dr.) passive/bare/dry trust imputernicit s.m. 1. (mandatar) mandatory, procurator, proxy, attorney (-in-fact) 2. (authorized) agent; (reprezentant) representative inprep. in ~ bransa - in the trade/line ~ calitate de - acting as ~ comision - on commission ~ comun si pentru supravietuitor (formula dintr-o politd de asigurare de viata) joint and survivorship ~ conditii de linie - (despre o navd) under liner terms ~ cont comun - on joint account ~ contrapartida - (cont.) as per contra ~ contui - for account of ~ contui avariei comune - (asig. mar.) on account of general average ~ contui beneficiarului - (formula pe un cec) account payee ~ contui si pe riscul incarcatorilor (asig. mar.) on account and risk of shippers

~ drum spre - (mar.) bound for ~ drum spre tara - (mar.) homeward-bound ~ garantie - (despre mdrfuri pdstrate in antrepozit pdnd la plata taxelor vamale) under bond ~ numerar - in cash ~ plus sau in minus - over or under ~ strainatate - abroad ~ suspensie - (dr.) abeyant ~ termeni reali - in real terms ~ termeni relativi - in relative terms ~ tranzit - in transit ~ vigoare - effective, effectual ~ vigoare de la data - with effect from inainta v.t. 1. (o cerere) to forward, to submit; (o plangere, o reclamatie) to lodge; (a trimite) to send 2. (a promova) to advance, to promote inalt adj. (despre functie, rang) high ~ comisar - high commissioner incadra v.t. 1. (intr-un post) to take smb. on the staff; (cu personal) to staff, to man 2. (intr-o categoric) to grade incadrare s.f. 1. (cu personal) staffing, manning 2. (intr-o categoric) grading ~ flexibila cu personal - flexible manning ~ intr-o categoric de salarizare labo(u)r grading incasa v.t. (un cec, un mandat postal etc.) to cash, to encash; (impozite) to collect, to raise; (datorii) to recover v.i. (in numerar) to cash, to encash incasare s.f. 1. cashing, encashment; (de impozite) collection, raising; (de datorii) recovery; (a platilor la o ipo-tecd) servicing 2. pi. (sume) receipts, returns, takings, incomings incasari brute/globale - gross receipts ~ din vanzari - sales revenue

190

INC-INC

~ documentare - (serviciu bancar oferit exportatorului, prin care banca aranjeazd ca documentatia de transport sd fie trimisd importatoruhu contra platii mdrfii) documentary collections ~ estimative - estimated receipts ~ fiscale/din impozite - internal revenue, inland revenue/receipts, tax revenue/receipts ~ marunte - petty cash ~ nete - net receipts ~ si cheltuieli - incomings and outgoings, receipts and expenses/ expenditure ~ si plati - receipts and payments ~ totale total receipts ~ zilnice - daily receipts incasator s.m. collector; payee; (de impozite, agent fiscal) receiver, exacter, exactor ~ de impozite - tax collector incaka v.t. 1. (o proprietate) to trespass (on/upon) 2. (drepturi) to violate; (o lege, un contract etc) to infringe, to break incalcare s.f. 1. (a unei proprietdti) trespassing 2. (de drepturi) violation; (a unei legi, a unui contract) infringement, breach ~ a contractului - breach of contract ~ a drepturilor de brevet - patent infringement ~ a regulamentului - breach of the regulations incarca v.t. 1. to load, to burden; (o nava) to freight, to lade, to ship 2. (la plata) to overcharge incarcare s.f. 1. loading; (a unei nave) freightage, lading, shipment, shipping 2. (la plata) overcharging

~ compacta - (fdrd spatii libere) tight loading ~ in contui armatorului - (mar.) gross terms loading ~ in contui incarcatorului - (mar.) shipper's load and account ~ in vrac - loading in bulk ~ la dana - loading on the berth ~ la rand - turn loading/shipping, loading in turn ~ manuala - hand loading ~ maxima - (pe unitatea de suprafata) maximum load ~ mecanizata - machine loading ~ necorespunzatoare - unsuitable loading/shipping ~ paletizata - unit loading ~ pe slepuri - lighterage ~ per unitate de spatiu - load per unit ~ prin greutatea proprie/moarta dead load | ~ si pontare in contui incarcatorului - (mar.) shipper's load and tally, load: and tally in shipper's account incarcat adj. (despre nava) laden,! shipped, loaded condition ~ cu balast - loaded with blanks ~ cu marfa usoara/usor - lightl) laden ~ cu marfuri generale - laden wit generals ~ in minus - (fata de cantitatea men tionatd in conosament) short-shipped ~ in stare si conditie aparent bune shipped in apparent good order condition ~ in vrac - laden in bulk ~ pe nava - shipped, waterbome ~ pe punte - (despre anumite mdrfw deck-loaded ~ peste marca - flat-sided, overladen

INC-INC

191

~ ,,plin si la marca" - full and down condition incarcator s.m. loader, handler; (instalatie) loader, loading installation ~ cu platforma - elevating loader ~ de marfa in vrac - bulk loader ~ de nava - shipper, ship loader ~ hidraulic - hydraulic loader ~ mobil - portable loader ~ si carau shipper and carrier incarcatura s.f. load, loading; burden; (transportatd cu nava, avionul sau autovehiculut) cargo; freight, lade, lading, shipment ~ a navei - shipload, shipment ~ alterabila - perishable cargo ~ ambalata violabila - broachable cargo ~ amestecata - composite/mixed cargo ~ aruncata peste bord - (de pe o nava
in pericol, care se scufundd sau este dusa de valuri la mat) jetsam

~ avariata/deteriorata - damaged cargo ~ comerciala - commercial load ~ completa - (a navei) shipfull, shipload, full load ~ congelata - frozen cargo ~ containerizabila - containerizable cargo ~ contain erizata - containerized cargo ~ cu miros specific - (emandnd gaze care contamineazd alte mdrfuri sensibile) odorous cargo ~ cu penalizare - penalty cargo ~ de animale vii - animal load ~ de cabotaj - coasting cargo ~ de cherestea - timber cargo; (SUA) lumber cargo ~ de cherestea pe punte - timber-deck
cargo

~ de export - outbound cargo ~ de import - incoming cargo ~ de intoarcere - homeward/inbound cargo ~ de marfuri generale - general cargo ~ de palet - pallet load ~ de petrol/titei - oil/petrol/petroleum cargo ~ de produse albe - clean cargo ~ de produse negre - black/dirty cargo ~ de transportat -, carrying load ~ de tranzit - working cargo; in-transit shipment ~ de umplutura - filler cargo ~ de valoare - valuable cargo ~ de volum/cubaj - measurement cargo ~ expediata - outbound shipment, consignment ~ fluida - fluid cargo ~ grea - deadweight cargo ~ incompleta - underloading ~ inflamabila - inflammable cargo ~ in bale - bale cargo ~ in butoaie - barrel(led) cargo ~ in lazi - case cargo ~ in primejdie - distress cargo ~ in saci - bag(ged) cargo ~ in stare buna - cargo in good condition ~ in vrac - bulk cargo/freight, loose bulk cargo ~ lichida - liquid cargo ~ maxima - ultimate load ~ mixta - composite/mixed cargo ~ neamarata - unsecured cargo ~ nepericuloasa - safe load ~ nerujata - untrimmed cargo ~ neta - net load ~ nociva - noxious cargo ~ paletizata - palletized cargo

192

INC-INC

~ pe punte (mdrfuri periculoase, cu volum mare, material lemnos) deck cargo/load, shipment on deck ~ pe unitatea de suprafata - unit load ~ periculoasa - dangerous/hazardous cargo ~ permisa - permissible load ~ prafoasa - (ciment, mangal, negru defum etc.) dirty cargo ~ presupusa - assumed cargo ~ prevazuta/prescrisa - specified load ~ rubricata - subject cargo ~ rujata - trimmed cargo ~ salvata - saved cargo, salvage ~ stivuita - stowed cargo ~ transportata cu avionul - air cargo ~ umeda - moist/wet cargo ~ uniforma - uniform cargo ~ urgenta - overtime cargo; rush shipment ~ uscata - dry cargo ~ utila - (care aduce navlu) paying load, payload, pay/useful load tnceta v.t. to cease, to discontinue, to stop; (activitatea; despre o mtreprindere, o unitate economica) to close down; (lucrul) to leave off, to knock
off

incetare s.f. 1. ceasing, cessation; (a activitdtii; despre o mtreprindere, o unitate economica) closedown 2. (a unei obligatii) (dr.) cesser ~ a obligatiilor contractuale frustration of contract ~ de plata - default a intra in ~ de plata - to default incetinire s.f. (a ritmului de lucru de catre muncitori, fdrd declansarea efectivd a grevei) slowdown incheia v.t. 1. (p afacere) to conclude, to settle, to clinch, to close with; (un

tdrg) to bargain, to strike 2. (un contract) to contract; (un contract de asigurare maritimd etc.) to underwrite; (un concordat) (dr.) to compound 3. (un bilant contabil) to make up; (un cont) to rule off incheiat adj. (despre socoteli) even inchide v.t. 1. to close, to shut 2. (o mtreprindere) to close/to shut down; (magazinul) to shut up 3. (a tdia gazele, electricitatea etc.) to shut off tnchidere s.f. 1. closing, shutting 2. (a unei intreprinderi) closedown, shutdown, shutting down; (a maga-zinului) shutting up 3. (tdiere a gaze-lor, a electricitdtii etc.) shutting off ~ catre public (transformarea unei companii publice/deschise intr-una particulard/mchisd) going private ~ pe perioada concediilor - (afirmei) vacation shutdown ~ temporara a bancilor - (SUA) bank holiday inchiria v.t. 1. (a da sau a lua cu chirie) to lease, to rent 2. (a da cu chirie) to hire out, to let (off/out) 3. (a lua cu chirie) to hire, to.tenant 4. (un avion, o navd etc.) to charter tnchiriere s.f. 1. (dare sau luare cu chirie) lease, renting, hire, hiring; (leasing) leasing 2. (dare cu chirie) let, letting 3. (luare cu chirie) tenancy 4. (a unui avion, a unei nave) charterage, chartering ~ a navei nude - (fdrd echipaj) (mar.) demise charter ~ de echipament - equipment leasing ~ de instalatii industriale sau cladiri complet echipate - plant leasing inclinatie s.f. (spre un anumit comportament economic) propensity

1NC-INM

unei r-una

~ marginala spre consum - marginal propensity to consume ~ marginala spre economic marginal propensity to save ~ medie spre consum - average propensity to consume ~ medie spre economic - average propensity to save ~ spre consum - propensity to consume ~ spre economic - propensity to save ~ spre import - propensity to import ~ spre investitie - propensity to invest Tndatora v.r. (a face datorii) to fall/to get/to run into debt, to be in debt mdatorat adj. indebted indeplini v.t. to carry out; (un contract, o obligatie, un angajament) to perform, to discharge, to honour, to fulfil(l), to meet; (un contract) to execute ~ formalitatile vamale - to fulfil(l) customs formalities indeplinire s.f. carrying out; (a unui contract, a unei obligatii, a unui angajament) performance, discharge, execution ~ partiala - (a obligatiilor contractuale, fapt care atestd existenta contractului) part performance indreptar^.. handbook, guide indrumare s.f. counselling profesionala vocational counselling inHinta v.t. to found, to establish, to form, to set up; (o societate comer-ciald) to float; (p societate, o corpo-ratie) to incorporate infiintare s.f. foundation, establishment, formation, setting up; (a unei societdti comerciale) flo(a)tation;

(a unei societdti, a unei corporatii) incorporation mgheta v.t. (preturi, salarii, credite etc.) to freeze inghetare s.f. (a preturilor, a sala-riilor, a conturilor etc.) freeze, freezing ~ a chiriilor (de cdtre stat) rent freeze ~ a creditelor - credit freeze ~ a preturilor price freeze ~ a salariilor - wage freeze Tnlatura v.t. (un concurenf) to forestall inlesni v.t. to facilitate, to make easier inlesnire s.f. 1. facility, accommodation 2. pi. (inlesniri acordate salariatilor in afara salariului) amenities inlesniri pentru salariati - (transport gratuit, bonificatii etc.) employees' amenities inlocuire s.f. replacement, substitution, commutation ~ de inventar uzat - inventory turnover inlocuitor s.m. substitute; deputy; (al unui membru dintr-un consiliu de administrate) alternate director ~ apropiat - (al produsiiliii autentic) close substitute ~ de proasta calitate - (al produsului autentic) distant substitute Tnmagazina v.t. to store, to warehouse inmatricula v.t. (o societate, un auto-mobil, o navd etc) to register Tnmatriculare s.f. (a unei societdti, a unui automobil, a unei nave etc.) registration, registry ~ a navei - ship's registry inmana v.t. to hand over, to deliver ~ cuiva o citatie - to serve writ on

tnregistra v.t. to register; (a consemna, a nota) to record, to write down, to set down; (intr-un registru) to book, to enter (up); (pe o lista) to enlist, to enrol(l), to bill, to enter (up); (documente intr-o arhiva, un fisier) to file; (pe o fisd continutui unei partide de marfuri, al unui document) to docket v.r. (la hotel) to check in, to sign in ~ gresit - (cont.) to misenter ~ restante - to lag behind inregistrare s.f. registration, registering, registry; (consemnare, notare) record, writing down, setting down; (intr-un registru) booking, entry; (pe o lista} enlistment, enrol(l)ment, entry; (documente intr-o arhiva, un fisier) filing; (pe o fisd a continutului unei partide de marfuri, al unui document) docketing; (la hotel) checking in, check-in ~ contabila - book entry ~ finala (cont.) closing entry ~ gresita - (cont.) misentry ~ ipotecara - registration of mortgages ~ suplimentara (cont.) supplementary entry ~ ulterioara - (cont.) postentry insacui v.t. to bag, to sack insamanta v.t. to sow insarcina v.t. to charge, to commission; (a incredinta ciiiva) to entrust with mscrie v.r. (a consemna, a nota) to write down, to set down, to record; (a mregistra) to register; (pe o lista) to enlist, to enrol(l), to bill, to enter (up); (intr-un registru) to book, to enter (up); (numele, menfiuni) to superscribe

~ pe ordinea de zi - to place/to put on the agenda inscriere s.f. (consemnare, notare} writing down, setting down, record; (inregistrare) registration; (pe o lista) enlistment, enrollment, entry; (intr-un registru) booking, entry; (mentiune) superscription ~ a marcilor de comert - registration of trade marks ~ falsa - (in documente) false entry ~ ipotecara - registration of mortgages inscris s.n. document, deed, certificate. note ~ ipotecar - mortgage note insiloza v.t. to silo; (nutret) to ensile insilozare s.f. siloing; (de nutret) ensilage instraina v.t. (dr.) to alienate insuma v.t. to totalize, to total, to toi up insela v.t. to cheat, to fake up, to rook; (a escrocd) to swindle; (a amdgi) to deceive inelatorie s.f. cheat, fake, fraud, double dealing; (escrocherie) swindle intalnire s.f. (de afaceri) meeting, appointment intocmi v.t. (un document, un bilanf etc.) to draw up; (un plan, un protect^. to draft - o dispasa - (de avarie comunS^ (asig. mar.) to make up the average ~ o factura - to make out an invoice ~ un extras de cont - to make up 4 statement of account I intreg adj. whole, entire, full; (co/j plet) complete; (despre sume de ban^ even J ~ spatiul de Tncarcare - (indusi^ punted) (mar.) full reach and burden

INT-INV

195

intreprinde v.t. (a intreprinde, a initia; a lua in antrepriza) to undertake mtreprindere s.f. 1. (actiune, initia-tivd) undertaking, enterprise; {antrepriza) enterprise 2. (societate, com-panie, firmd) company, corporation, firm, undertaking, establishment; (fabrica) factory, plant, industrial unit, shop; (societate care executd hicrdri in antrepriza) enterprise ~ cu tratament preferential (acordat membrilor de sindicat) preferential shop ~ de stat - state (-owned) enterprise ~ deschisa - {care angajeaza si muncitori nesindicalizati) open shop ~ inchisa - (care mi angajeaza muncitori nesindicalizati) closed shop ~ mare - large company ~ mica - small company/business ~ particulars - private enterprise ~ riscanta - {afacere riscanta) adventure, wildcat ~ sindicalizata - (in care sunt angajati muncitori nesindicalizati cu conditia ca ei sd devind membri ai unui sindicat in termen de 30 de zile de la angajare) union shop intreprinderi mici si mijiocii - small and medium-sized companies intreprinzator^.ni. entrepreneur intrerupe v.t. to interrupt, to discontinue; (a sista, a siispenda) to suspend; (brusc) to break off; (functionarea, exploatarea) to shut down; (alimentarea cu apd, gaze etc.) to cut off intretine v.t. 1. (pe cineva, o familie) to mantain, to support, to keep 2. (a pdstra) to keep; {in bund stare) to keep

in repair/good condition 3. (corespondentd) to keep up intretinere s.f. 1. (a cuiva) maintenance, support; (alocatie) allowance; alimony 2. {tehnicd) maintenance, upkeep, service ~ periodica - preventive maintenance ~ i reparatii - maintenance and repair ~ $i reparatii curente - operating maintenance Tntruni v.t. (conditii, cerinte) to meet, to correspond to v.r. to gather, to assemble; {in sedintd) to sit; (despre o comisie) to meet intrunire s.f. meeting, assembly, reunion; (politico) rally invatare s.f. learning; (predare) teaching ~ la distanta - distance learning Tnvatamanti'.n. education ~ elementar - primary/elementary education ~ mediu - secondary education ~ profesional - vocational education ~ superior - higher/university education ~ tehnic - technical/engineering education invechire s.f. (morald) obsolescence ~ tehnologica - technological obsolescence investi v.t. to ivest/to vest (in, with) ~ pe cineva - to vest smb. with power ~ pe cineva cu drepturi - to vest rights in smb. ~ pe cineva intr-o functie - to vest smb. with a function Tnviora v.r. {despre afaceri, activitdti) to rally, to revive Tnviorare s.f. (a afacerilor, a activitdtilor) rally, revival

196

iNV-PsZ

mvoi v.t. to give smb. leave v.r. 1. (reciproc) to agree, to come to an agreement/understanding 2. (a se tdrgui) to bargain, to haggle 3. (a con-.s'/wri) to consent, to give one's consent; (a permite) to permit, to allow 4. (de la serviciu) to take leave (of absence) invoiala s.f. 1. agreement 2. bargain

a cadea la ~ - to conclude/to make, to settle/to strike a bargain; to come to terms/an agreement invoire s.f. leave (of absence), casual leave ~ pentru motive personale - (deces in familie etc.) compassionate leave inzestra v.t. to endow; (cufonduri etc.} to furnish

J
jena s.f. (financiard) embarrassment, straits, straitened circumstances jeton s.n. counter; (care tine loc de monedd) token ~ de prezenta - tally ~ de prezenta a unui membru din consiliul de administratie - director's tally joc s.n. game ~ de bursa - stock exchange speculations ~ Ae management - management game ~ de noroc - game of chance, gamble ~ de simulare/gestiune/intreprindere - business game ~ final (strategic! finald adoptatd pentru un prodiis sail o imitate economica) (man.) end game joint venture s.n. (forma de asociere intre doud sau mai midte persoane fizice si/sau juridice in scopul formdrii unei noi societati en personalitate jiiridicd pentru atingerea unui obiectiv specific) joint venture '- contractual - (contract de colaborare intre mai mniti agenti economici care isi combind resursele pentru realizarea unui protect comun, fdrd a se realiza o societate comerciald} joint venture contract juca i'./. (a juca jocuri) to game; (pe bani} to gamble ~ a la baisse (mcercdnd sd provoace o scddere a cursiilni) (bur.} to bear, to speculate on falls ~ a la hausse (mcercdnd sd provoace o crestere a cursului) (bur.) to bull, to speculate on a rise ~ la bursa - to speculate (on the stock exchange) ~ la loterie - to put in the lottery judeca v.t. (dr.) to judge, to try, to adjudicate; to sentence, to pass sentence on ~ in contumacie - to default ~ un apel - to hear an appeal judecata s.f. judg(e)ment, adjudication; (proces} trial, (sentintd^ ^A^^ms.YA., sentence ~ contencioasa - judg(e)ment in disputed matters ~ de fond -judg(e)ment on the merits ~ in contumacie - judg(e)ment by default ~ in ultima instanta - judg(e)ment by court of last resort a da pe cineva in ~- - to sue/to summon smb. at law/in court, to proceed against smb. judecator s.m. judge; magistrate ~ asesor - associate judge ~ de instructie - examining judge ~ recuzat - challenged judge ~ sindic - receiver (in bankruptcy), asignee in bankruptcy jumatate s.f. half; (dr.) moiety ~ de norma - half time ~ -jumatate - half-and-half jurat s.m. juryman, juror; pi. jury(men) juridic adj. juridical, judicial; legal jurisconsult s.m. jurisconsult, jurist, legal adviser/expert

198

jurisdictie s.f. jurisdiction ~ consulara - consular jurisdiction ~ contencioasa - contentious jurisdiction ~ de apel - appellate jurisdiction ~ exclusiva - exclusive jurisdiction ~ maritima - maritime jurisdiction ~ penala - criminal jurisdiction ~ simultana - concurrent jurisdiction ~ sumara - summary jurisdiction ~ vamala - customs territory jurisprudents s.f. jurisprudence, case/statute/judge-made law, the practice of the courts, the precedents of
a case

~ constanta - well-established jurisprudence

JUR-JL'S

jurnal s.n. 1. (news)paper, journal; (cotidian) daily paper; {local) sheet; (monitor oficial) gazette 2. (cont^ journal, book ~ al incasarilor in numerar - (conl.| cash receipts journal ~ de casa - (conl.) statement of cash receipts and disbursements ~ de moda - fashion magazine/journal ~ order - (cont.) books of first? original/ prime entry a trece in ~ - (cant.) to journalize justitie s.f. justice a deferi pe cineva justitiei - B>| institute legal proceedings against smb-

K
kilogram S.PZ. kilogram(me) kilolitru s.m. kilolitre kilometraj s.n. mileage tachometer kilowatt s.m. kilowatt ~ -ora - kilowatt-hour recorder; kraft s.n. (hdrtie rezistenta folositd la ambalaj) kraft

L
\aprep. at ~ alegerea vanzatorului - (operatic prin care vdnzdtorul isi poate alege data tranzactiondrii efective a actiunilor intr-un interval determinat de limp) (bur.) seller's option ~ balustrada navei - (formula dintr-un conosament care aratd cd responsa-bilitatea armatorului fata de caric inceteazd cdnd incdrcdtura poate fi descdrcatd) (mar.) at ship's rail ~ bord/pe nava - aboard, aboardship, ashipboard ~ eel mai bun curs/pret - (bur.) at best ~ cerere - on demand; (despre o sumd depusd in banca} at call ~ cursul/pretui specificat sau la un curs/pret mai bun - (in ordinele de vdnzare/cumpdrare) (bur.) at or better ~ data (cont.) as at ~ distanta/respect - (despre o tranzactie care nu se realizeazd intre doud parti inrudite, cum ar fi o companie sifiliala so) at arm's length ~ livrare - on delivery ~ mal/tarm - ashore ~ mijiocul navei - amidships ~ noroc - at adventure ~ paritate/valoarea nominala (bur.) at par ~ pretui pietei - at (the) market ~ scadenta - at maturity, when due ~ suta - per cent ~ si de la - (asig. mar.) at and from ~ termen forward ~ timpul cuvenit - (despre o platd) (in) due course ~ vedere - at sight laboratory, n. laboratory ~ pentru analize de titru - assay office lada s.f. case, bin; (cu capac) chest; (cutie) box ~ de ambalaj - packing case lansa v.t. 1. (un plan, o navd etc.) to launch 2. (un imprumut) to float, to issue, to raise; (o subscriptie) to start; (o companie, un produs etc. cu multd publicitate) to break lants.n. chain ~ de conducere - chain of command ~ voluntar - (asociatie de detaili^ti care a convenit sd cumpere de la un singur angrosist, in schimbul unor facilitdti i avantaje) voluntary chains lantui valorii - (totalitatea activi-tdtilor interdependente desfas'urate intr-o corporatie) (man.) value chain laptar s.m. dairyman, milkman laptarie s.f. (magazin) milkshop; (fermd) dairy largi v.t. (piata de desfacere) to widen. to enlarge, to extend lana s.f. wool lanarie s.f. wool-spinnmg mill leafa s.f (pentru intelectuali si functionari) salary; (pentru muncitori} wage(s) leasing s.n. (sistem de finantare a investitiilor prin care o firma inchiriazd masini si utilaje moderne de la societdti specializate) leasing

LEA-LEV

201

~ de echipament - equipment leasing ~ financiar/de finantare - financial leasing, finance/capital lease ~ operational - (locatie in care locatorul intretine si finanteazd activul fix) operating leasing lega v.t. 1. (prin contract, angajamente legale) to bind, to tie up 2. (a testa) (dr.) to legate, to bequeath legal adj. legal, lawful; (legitim) legitimate, rightful; (despre un drept, un titlu) sound legalitate s.f. legality, lawfulness legaliza v.t. (a autentifica) to legalize, to authenticate, to attest, to certify; (la notarial) to notarize legat s.n. (dr.) (mobiliar) legacy; (imobiliar) devise legatar s.m. (dr.) (de bunuri mobiliare) legatee; (de bunuri imobiliare) devisee ~ cu titlu particular - particular legatee/devisee ~ cu titlu universal - general legatee/devisee, residuary/sole legatee legatura s.f. connection, link; relation legaturi comerciale - trade relations lege s.f. law, act; (lege emisd de parlament) statute, enactment ~ antidumping antidumping law ~ antitrust - antitrust law ~ -cadru - skeleton law ~ constitutionals constitutional/ organic law ~ dispozitiva - yielding law ~ economica economic law ~ electorala - election law ~ in vigoare - active law, law in force ~ neaplicata - dormant/unapplied law ^egea accidentelor de munca -workmen's compensations act ~ brevetelor - patent law

~ cererii si a ofertei - law of supply and demand ~ falimentului - insolvent law ~ fondului funciar - land law ~ generala a cererii - general law of demand ~ generala a ofertei - general law of supply ~ marinei comerciale - merchant marine act ~ pescuitului - fishing law ~ prescriptiei - statute of limitation a aplica o lege - to carry out/to put into force a law a avea putere de ~ - to possess force of law a eluda ~ - to evade the law a pune o ~ in vigoare - to give effect to a law legifera v.t. to legislate, to enact legislativ adj. legislative legislatie s.f. legislation legislatia asigurarilor sociale welfare legislation ~ muncii - labour legislation ~ societatilor comerciale - company legislation legislatie antitrust - antitrust legislation legitim adj. legitimate; (legal) legal legumicultura s.f. vegetable growing, market gardening lemn s.n. wood; (cherestea) timber;
(SUA) lumber

lemnarie s.f. 1. (lemne) wood; (cherestea) timber, timbering; (a unei constructii) timberwork 2. (depozit) wood yard 3. ' (meserie) carpentry; woodcutting \evier s.n. leverage

202

LEV-LIB

~ operational (masura in care sunt utilizate costurile fixe in exploatarea firmei) (fin.) operating leverage leza v.t. {imagined, reputatia) to injure; (interesele) to endanger, to be detrimental to liber adj. 1. free; (independent) independent; (autonom} autonomous 2. (gratuit) gratis, free (of charge) 3. (disponibil) available; (despre zi) off; (despre un drum) clear, open; (neocupat) vacant, unengaged; {despre un post) void 4. {despre persoane) free, disengaged; (in afara orelor de
serviciii) off duty 5. (desfdcut, varsat, in vrac) loose

~ de cheltuieli - free froi.i/of charges, free of expenses ~ de cheltuieli de alimbare - free (of) lighterage ~ de cheltuieli ,,de la nava la nava" free out of sea vessel ~ de cheltuieli la descarcare free out/discharge ~ de cheltuieli la descarcare, inclusiv lucrul in magazii - free out from vessel's holds ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare-descarcare si stivuire - free in and out stowage/stowed ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare, exclusiv rujarea - free in excluding trimming ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare, inclusiv rujarea - free in including trimming ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si descarcare - free in and out ~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si descarcare, inclusiv stivuirea si rujarea - free in and out, stowed and trimmed

~ de cheltuieli la incarcare si stivuire - free in and stowage/stowed ~ de orice avarie - (asig. mar.) free of all average ~ de orice cheltuieli - free of all charges/expenditures/expenses ~ de orice rise si cheltuieli in contui navei - free of all risks and expenses to the vessel '- la bord - (marfa se ridicd de primitor de la bordul navei) free from alongside, free on board ~ la bord si rujat - free on board and (free) trimmed ~ la bord si stivuit - free on board and (free) stowed ~ -profesionist - freelance ~ schimb - free trade ~ si fara sarcini - free and clear unencumbered libera circulatie a fortei de munca -free movement of labour ~ initiativa - free initiative liberalism s. n. liberalism liberalizare s.f. liberalizationderegulation ~ a circulatiei capitalurilor deregulation of capital movement libertate s.f. freedom ~ contractuala - freedom of contract ~ de actiune - freedom of action ~ economica - economic freedom librar^.w. bookseller librarie s.f. 1. (magazm) bookshop 2(pcupatie) book trade, bookselling , libret5'.n. book | ~ de banca (cornet de depoziqi passbook, deposit/depositor's book ~ de economii savings book

LIC-LIC

203

licenta s.f. 1. (diploma) licence, degree 2. (autorizatie, brevet} licence; (permis) permit ~ de export - export licence ~ de import - import licence ~ de prospectiune - (pentm descoperirea zdcdmintelor de hidrocarburi} exploration licence ~ generala deschisa - (fdrd restrictii la import) open general licence ~ obligatorie - (cisupra unui brevet de inventie) compulsory licence ~ partiala/cu clauze restrictive restricted licence ~ pentru vanzarea bauturilor alcoolice numai cu mancare - table licence ~ permitand vanzarea si consumul bauturilor alcoolice in local - on licence ~ permitand vanzarea bauturilor alcoolice pentru consum la domiciliu - off-licence liceu5'.. secondary/high school ~ industrial - trade school lichid adj. 1. liquid, fluid 2. (fin.) liquid, ready, quick lichida v.t. (o afacere, o tranzactie etc.) to settle; (o datorie) to liquidate, to clear off, to wipe off/out, to pay up; (stocul de mdrfuri) to sell out/up; (a soldo) to clear, to close out; (stocul de materii prime sau produse finite) to run down; (o societate) to wind up, to liquidate; (in vamd) (mar.) to clear lichidare s.f. (a iinei afaceri, a unei tranzactii etc.) settlement; (acliitare) liquidation; (vdnzare integrald) sellout; (soldare) clearance (sale), closeout; (bur.) settling, settlement; (a unei

societdti) winding up, liquidation; {in vamd) (mar.) clearance ~ a activelor - (achizitionarea ieftind a unei societdti fie pentru revdnzarea activelor si inchiderea firmei, fie pentru lichidarea activelor nerentabile si realizarea de noi investitii in firmd) asset stripping ~ a dividendelor - (preluarea controlului asupra unei companii, exploatarea rezervelor/dividendelor si vanzarea actiunilor, operatii care due adesea societatea lafaliment) dividend stripping ~ a soldurilor - clearance/bargain sale ~ a stocului inaintea inchiderii -(unei intreprinderi) closing-down sale ~ a succesiunii - (dr.) settlement of succession ~ curenta - (bur.) current settlement ~ in numerar - (bur.) cash settlement - in vama (mar.) (ship's) clearance, clearing ~ in vama la plecare - (mar.) clearance outwards ~ in vama la sosire - (mar.) clearance inwards ~ judiciara - compulsory winding-up, windingup by the court ~ silita - enforced/forced liquidation ~ voluntara - (a unei societdti) voluntary winding-up/liquidation ~ voluntara a actionarilor -members' voluntary winding-up/ liquidation ~ voluntara a creditorilor - creditors voluntary winding-up/liquidation lichidarea urmatoare (bur.) succeeding account/settlement a fi in lichidare - to be in liquidation a intra in ~ - to go into liquidation

204

LIC-LIN

lichidat adj. 1. (despre socoteli) even 2. (w vama) (mar.) cleared lichidator s.m. (numit de instantd pentru a inchide o firma falita) (dr.) liquidator, receiver in bankruptcy, official receiver, insolvency practitioner, conservator ~ de avarie - (asig. mar.) average adjuster/stater/taker - provizorm - provisional liquidator lichiditate s.f. (fin.) liquidity; liquid funds/assets ~ a firmei - firm's liquidity ~ bancara banking liquidity ~ financiara (capacitated unei mtreprinderi de a se adecva rapid angajamentelor financiare) financial liquidity ~ internationala - (totalitatea mijioacelor de platd de care dispune banca centrald a unei tan pentru utilizarea lor in vederea realizd'-'ii soldului operatiilor comerciale si financiare externe ale tarn respective) international liquidity ~ patrimoniala (maswa m care o unitate economicd poate face fata datoriilor pe care lea garantat cu patrimonial de care dispune, aceasta exprimdnd valoarea netd a patrimoniului societdtii respective) liquid assets licit adj. lawful, licit licita v.i. (a participa la licitatie) to bid; (pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii, executarea de lucrdri) to tender v.t. (a vinde la licitatie) to (sell by) auction licitant s.m. bidder; (pentru obtinerea de contracte) tenderer

licitator s.m. (persoand care conduce i licitatie) auctioneer licitatie s.f. auction, public sale (pentru obtinerea unui contract tender; (SUA) vendue ~ chinezeasca/olandeza - (licitatie i care se coboard pretui pand se gase^t un cumpdrdtor) Chinese/Dutch auctior ~ deschisa - {bur.) open outcry ~ englezeasca - (licitatie la car ofertele de achizitie sunt jacul incepdnd cu un pret de descliidere si s continud pdnd cand mmem mi ma liciteazd peste pretui maxim) Britis. auction ~ mchisa - closed auction ~ publica - public auction ~ simulata (pentru a urea pretui mock auction a fi vandut la '-' - to come/to go/to fai under the hammer a scoate la ~ - to bring/to put/to sen to the hammer lider s.m. 1. leader 2. (articol van<h ieftin pentru a atrage clientela) (corn. leader ~ de cost - (firmd care detine fata d concurentii ei un avantaj important4 ceea cepriveste costui) cost leader ~ de opinie - opinion leader ~ de piata - market leader ~ de pret (firma care, acliondu intr-un anumit domeniu, are iniliatm stabilirii preturilor) price leader i limbaj s.n. language i ~ comun de programare orientat |1 probleme economice - coming business oriented language | limita v.t. to limit, to restrict; (drep, to abridge; (mflatia) to curb

LIM-LIN

205

limitare s.f. limitation, restriction, restraint; (de drepturi) abridg(e)ment; (a inflatiei) curb ~ a clauzei raspunderii - (asig.) limitation of liability clause ~ a dividendelor - dividend limitation/ restraint ~ a succesiunii - (la descendentii dintr-o anumitd lime sau un anumit sex) tail ~ voluntara a exporturilor - (dintr-un anumit sector} voluntary exports restraints limitat ad], limited; restricted limitata la capitalul subscris (despre rdspunderea actionarilor) limited by shares ~ la suma garantata de actionari {despre rdspunderea actionarilor') limited by guarantee limita s.f. limit; (in limp) deadline ~ climaterica a padurilor - (cu arbori pentru cherestea) timber line ~ de credit - credit limit/ceiling ~ de tara (limita riscului de tara) (fin.) country limit, sovereign risk limit ~ de uzura - wearing limit ~ de vanzare - {bur.) selling limit ~ de varsta - (pentru pensionare) age limit ~ inferioara - lower limit; (a preturilor, a salariilor etc.) floor ~ legala de creditare - legal lending limit ~ superioara - upper limit; ceiling lingou s.n. ingot, bar; (de aw sail argint) bullion ~ cu titlu legal - ingot of legal fineness ~ de aur sau argint pur - fine bullion

lingouri monetare - (de aur sail argint monetar) standard bullion, mint fine bars linie s.f. line lima pietei de capital - (reprezentarea grafted a relatiei dintre rise si rata necesard a rentabilitdtii) capital market line ~ aeriana - airline, airway ~ bugetara (grup de produse pe care un consumator Ie poate cumpdra in functie de venitui propriu) budget line ~ de asamblare/montaj - assembly line ~ de autobuz - bus line/service ~ de cabotaj - {mar.) coastal line, coastwise sea lane ~ de cale ferata - railway line ~ de comanda - (man.) line of command ~ de credit - line of credit, credit line ~ de credit bancara speciala - special bank credit plan ~ de credit multivalutara - (linie de credit ce poate fi utilizatd, la alegere, intr-una sau mai multe volute) multicurrency credit line ~ de depou - yard line ~ de distributie - (corn.) chain of distribution ~ de incarcare - (mar.) leadline, load waterline ~ de navigatie - shipping line ~ de navigatie fluviala - river line ~ de navigatie oceanica - ocean line ~ de productie - production line ~ de produse - product line, range ~ de telecomunicatii - communication line ~ de transport - transport line

206

~ de transport de marfa de mare viteza - (c./) fast freight line ~ de transport maritim de marfa cargo line ~ ferata uzinala - railway siding ~ moarta - (c./) blind/dead-end track ~ regulata - (de navigatie) regular line ~ succesorala barbateasca - (dr.) tail male ~ succesorala femeiasca - (dr.) tail female ~ tehnologica - process/operation line ~ telefonica - telephone line ~ transatlantica - transatlantic line lipsa s.f. 1. (necesar, nevoie, insuficienta) lack, want, wantage; (dintr-o cantitate, dintr-o marfa etc.) short, shortage, shortfall; (penurie) scarcity, dearth, stringency; (deficienta) deficiency; (neajuns) drawback; (indisponibilitate) unavailability, unavailableness 2. (absenta) absence; (din instanta) (dr.) default ~ de actiuni/acoperire - (bur.) short of stock ~ de afaceri - slack business ~ de bani - money pressure/scarcity/ stringency, scarcity of money ~ de capital - scarcity of capital ~ de cumparatori - (bur.) sellers no buyers ~ de lichiditati - (fin.) illiquidity ~ de marfuri - want/scarcity of goods ~ de mana de lucru - scarcity of labour ~ de numerar - cash shortage ~ de resurse - resourcelessness ~ de titlu de proprietate - (dr.) want of title ~ de tranzactii - (bur.) no dealings ~ de utilitate - disutility

~ din continut - (m cazul recipientelor cu marfuri lichide) short of content ~ la cantar/greutate - short weight. shortage in weight ~ la livrare - short delivery a da ~ la cantar - to give short weight a duce ~ de - to be scarce of lira s.f. lira; (sterlina) pound sterling lista v.t. (a cotd) (bur.) to list lista s.f. list, bill; (de preturi, produse^ etc.) schedule ~ a marfurilor de export - export list ; ~ a marfurilor de import - import list i ~ a scadentelor debitorilor - agi] schedule ~ civila - (alocatii bugetare pent intretinerea familiei regale) civil list ~ de asteptare/solicitanti - waiting lii ~ de control - check list ~ de cotatii (la cumpdrare sa vdnzare) (bur.) run ~ de curs'.'ri - (bur.) quotation lis quote sheet ~ de echipaj - (mar.) crew/ship lu ship's ledger ~ de investitii financiare red mandate - (lista de titluri de valoarej^ cdror cumpdrare este recomanda investment list ~ de materiale - bill of materials ~ de marfuri - list of goods ~ de marfuri interzise - banned list ~ de marfuri nevamuibile - free list] ~ de pasageri - (unbarcati pe o ; sau intr-un avion) passenger list ~ de preturi - schedule of prices, ] list/current, shop bill; (in transpor table of charges/fares ~ de preturi tarifare tariff list ~ de prioritati - priority list ~ de procese - (dr.) cause list

LIS-L1V

207

- de reduceri fiscale - table of allowances ~ de subscript!! - subscription list ~ electorala - poll ~ oficiala - (care confine cursurile zilnice) (bur.) official list literatura s.f. literature ~ comerciala - (reclame, brosuri, cataloage etc.) sales literature ~ de brevete de inventii - patent documents litigios adj. litigious, contentious, outstanding, debatable litigiu s.n. litigation, contention; dispute at law a fi in ~ - to litigate literal s. n. seaboard, seaside, seashore, littoral livada s.f. orchard livra v.t. to deliver; (a furnizu) to furnish, to supply ~ gresit - to misdeliver ~ in intregime - (marfa transportata) to deliver in full livrare s.f. delivery; (furnizare) furnishing, supply ~ altei nave (prin transbordare) delivery overside ~ buna - (de tithiri de valoare ale cdror caracteristici corespimd exigentelor burs i ere salt contractuale) good delivery ~ completa - full delivery ~ completa in bune conditii - safe and full delivery ~ conform uzului - customary delivery ~ contra ramburs - cash on delivery ~ cu intarziere - delayed delivery ~ defectuoasa - (de titluri de valoare ale caror caracteristici nu corespimd

exigentelor bursiere sau contractuale) defective delivery ~ efectiva - actual delivery ~ eronata/gresita - misdelivery ~ expresa/rapida - express delivery ~ franco delivered free ~ franco domiciliu - delivery free domicile ~ imediata - prompt/spot deliver)7 ~ incompleta/in minus - short delivery ~ la acceptare - delivery on acceptance ~ la bordul navei - (mar.) delivery on board ~ la cerere - delivery on call '- la termen forward/future delivery - langa nava/sotto palanco - (mar.) delivered/delivery alongside ship ~ partiala - part/partial delivery ~ peste bord - (mar.) overside delivery ~ restanta overdue delivery livrari contractuale - contract supplies ~ esalonate - staggered deliveries livrat adj. delivered ~ contra warant - stored terms ~ in bune conditii - delivered sound ~ la frontiera - delivered at frontier ~ , taxele vamale neplatite - delivered duty unpaid ~ , taxele vamale platite - delivered duty paid livra s.f. (imitate de masura pentru greittate) pound livret^.?!. book ~ de banca (carnet de depozit) passbook, deposit/depositor's book ~ de economii savings book

208

LOC-LUA

loc s.n. place, spot; (la teatru, in parlament etc.) seat; (in vehicul, la hotel} accommodation ~ de destinatie - place of destination ~ de escala - place of call ~ de livrare - place of delivery, delivery point ~ de munca - place of employment/ work ~ de plata - place of payment/ performance; (al unui efect de comert) domicile ~ de reedinta - residence local adj. local s.n. 1. (cladire) building; (cladire cu teren, instalatii etc.) premises 2. {restaurant) restaurant, public house, pub localizare s.f. localization ~ a industriei (proces opus globalizdrii) localization of industry locatar s.m. lodger; (chirias) tenant locativ adj. living; tenant's...; (despre valoare) rental locatie s.f. hire, hiring, renting; location ~ de gestiune - administration location ~ de vagoane - truck hire, demurrage charge; (SUA) railroad demurrage ~ financiara/de capital - capital lease ~ pentru marfurile depuse pe chei (mar.) wharf demurrage locomotiva s.f. locomotive, engine ~ de manevra - yard locomotive ~ impingatoare - bank locomotive, banking engine ~ pentru trenuri de marfa - freight locomotive loctiitor s.m. deputy, caretaker, locum tenens locuinta s.f. dwelling place, abode, lodging, house; (dr.) tenement

~ cu dependinte - (dr.) messuage locuitor^./n. inhabitant ~ de pe coasta - shoreman logistica s.f. logistics ~ a companiei - company/business logistics logograma s.f. logogram ~ de corporatie - corporate logo (gram) loialitate s.f. loyalty ~ a consumatorului - (fata de o marca) consumer loyalty ~ fata de marca - (a consumatorilor} brand loyalty lombardizare s.f. (depunere in gaj de titluri de valoare drept garantie pentru un imprumut) lend against securities lot s.n. 1. (de mdrfuri) batch, lot. parcel; (de actiuni) lot 2. (de teren} plot, parcel; (mic) strip; (dat in arenda uneifamilii) allotment ~ complet - (de circa 100 de actiuni pe care un investitor doreste sd Ie cumpere) (bur.) round lot ~ de marfuri - lot/parcel of goods ~ de proba - (de mdrfuri) trial lot ~ incomplet/nereglementar - (de mdrfuri sau actiuni) odd lot ~ minim - (numdr minim de actiuni!pentru ca un curs sdfie inserts pe lista\ de cotatii) (bur.) round lot, minimum! unit of trading I loterie s.f. lottery loto s.n. lotto loxs.n. lottery ticket luare s.f taking ~ de decizii - decision making ~ de decizii in conditii de certitudin - decision-making under certainty ~ de decizii in conditii de rise decision-making under risk

LUA-LUX

209

~ de probe - sampling, sample taking ~ in consideratie - taking into account/consideration ~ in posesie - entry lucra v.i. 1. to work; (a trudi) to toil, to labour 2. (a functiond) to function;
(despre o marina, un utilaj) to work, to

run v.t. 1. (pamdntui) to till, to labour, to cultivate 2. (a prelucra) to work out -in acord -to job ~ la capacitatea maxima - to work at/to capacity ~ mai repede/bine - (decaf) to outwork ~ pe cont propriu - to work on one's own ~ peste program - to work overtime ~ prost/de mantuiala - to lie down on the job, to underwork ~ putin/insuficient - to underwork lucrare s.f. working, work ~ de diploma/stat - graduation/ diploma paper ~ in antrepriza - contract work ~ pregatitoare - preliminary work lucrari ale conferintei - debates/ proceedings of the conference ~ de intretinere a drumurilor roadworks ~ de prospectiune - exploration works ~ de reparatie - repair works ~ in executie - work in progress ~ publice - public works ~ restante - arrears of work lucrativ adj. lucrative, gainful, paying, remuneratory lucrator adj. working, work... s.m. worker, workman ~ cu ziua - (zilier) day labourer

~ la domiciliu - outworker, outside worker ~ pe cont propriu - (in propria afacere) self-employed worker ~ specialist - expert workman lucru s.n. 1. thing, object; pi. (efecte personate} (dr.) chattels; things, belongings 2. (mimed) work; (activitate) activity; (pcupatie) employment;
(slujba) ]ob

~ cu bucata - piecework ~ cu ziua - daywork, joumeywork ~ de mana - handiwork ~ in echipa - team work ~ in regie - force account ~ la domiciliu - outwork ~ manual - handwork a cauta de ~ - to look for a job a da de ~ muncitorilor - to employ workers a nu avea de ~ - to be out of work lunar adj., adv. monthly luna s.f. (calendaristica) month ~ calendaristica - (calendar) month ~ cu 31 de zile - odd month ~ curenta - present month lupta s.f. fight; struggle ~ a mandatarilor - (incercarea unei persoane sau a iinui grup de a cdstiga controlul asupra unei societdti
convingdnd aclionarii sd voteze o noua

conducere) proxy fight ~ de clasa - class struggle/warfare lux s.n. luxury ~ de amanunte - profusion of details a trai in ~ - to live in luxury luxos adj. luxurious

M
macara s.f. crane ~ de chei - (dockside/quay) crane ~ de transbordare - transshipment crane ~ grea - titan crane ~ pe senile - caterpillar/crawler crane ~ pe sine - rail crane ~ plutitoare - float/floating crane, crane ship ~ -turn - derrick/tower crane ~ umversaia - general-purpose crane macaragiu s.m. craner, crane attendant/driver/operator macroeconomic adj. macroeconomic macroeconomie s.f. macroeconomics macromarketing s.n. macromarketing macrostabilizare .'>./ macroeconomic stabilisation maculatura s.f. scrap/waste paper maestru s.m. (cont.) ledger magazie s.f. storehouse, repository, depot; (de marfuri) warehouse; (de nava) hold ~ de materiale si utilaje - plant depot/yard ~ frigorifica - cargo reefer space; (mar.) refrigerated/freezing hold magazin s.n. 1. shop; (S UA) store 2. (revista) magazine, periodical ~ al unei intreprinderi (pentm angajatii acesteia) company store ~ alimentar in incinta fabricii tommy shop ~ captiv - (care isi poate desfusura activitatea intr-o cladire cu conditia de a vinde numai marfuri furnizate de proprietarii imobilului respective captive outlet ~ central - (al imui lant de magazine} parent store ~ cu amanuntui - retail shop ~ cu autoservire - self-service store ~ cu marfuri scutite de taxe vamale duty-free shop ~ cu preturi reduse - discount/cut-price shop ~ cu vanzare pe baza de catalog catalogue store ~ de cadouri/articole la moda - gift shop ~ de cartier - (care se adreseaza clientele! dintr-o anumita zond si are program prelimgit) convenience store ~ de marfuri de ocazie/la mana a doua - second-hand shop ~ de solduri - (de carti) remainder shop ~ de vechituri -junk shop ~ general - variety shop ~ in retea - multiple/chain store ~ specializat - speciality shop 5 ~ universal - department(al)/general | store; emporium, baza(a)r magazinaj s.n. 1. (depozitare} warehousing, storing (of goods) 2. (taxa) storage charges magaziner s.m. warehouseman. warehouse keeper, storeman,, storekeeper J magistral s.m. magistrate; judge magistratura s.f. magistrature,; magistracy, magistrateship

MAG-MAN

211

magnat s.m. magnate; (industrial, financiar) tycoon maistru s.m. foreman ~ de exploatare - foreman of development ~ de productie - foreman of production majora v.t. (preturi, salarii etc.) to increase, to raise; (preturi) to advance; (a scumpi) to put up/to increase the price ofv.r. (despre preturi} to advance majorare s.f. (de preturi, salarii etc.) increase, raise, rise; (de preturi) advance ~ a preturilor - price advance, increase in prices ~ a salariilor - wage rise majoritate s.f. majority ~ absoluta - absolute majority ~ calificata - specified majority ~ de doua treimi - two-third's majority ~ de voturi - majority of votes ~ relativa - relative majority ~ simpla - simple majority a obtine o ~ - to secure a majority management^./?, management ~ al activelor - {gestionarea activelor unei institutii financiare) (fin.) asset management ~ al activitatii de birou - office management ~ al afacerii - business management ~ al contului - account management ~ al datoriilor - debt management ~ al distributiei lizice - (a mdrfurilor, vizdnd probleme legate de ambalare, transport, depozitare etc.) physical distribution management ~ al marcii - brand management

~ al pasivelor - (politico bdncilor de atragere a fondurilor prin ratele dobdnzilor practicate) liability management ~ al productiei - production management ~ al produsului - product management ~ al proiectului - project management ~ al resurselor - resource management ~ al riscurilor - risk management ~ al timpului {individual) time management ~ bazat pe principiul rezultatelor -(bune sau rele) management by principle ~ de conducere si personal - (grupul de manageri care organizeazd pro-ductia si serviciile intr-o companie) line and staff management ~ de criza - crisis management ~ de marketing - marketing management ~ de portofoliu - portfolio management ~ descentralizat - decentralized management ~ educational - educational management ~ financiar - financial management ~ operational - operations management ~ participativ - participatory management ~- prin eliminare - {a datelor nesem-nificative din biigete sau planuri in scopiil unei corectii) management by exception ~ prin obiective - (pentru o eficientd sporitd) management by objectives ~ prin prezenta management by walking about

212

MAN-MAN

managementui calitatii - quality management ~ calitatii totale - total quality management ~ resurselor umane - human-resource/personnel management manager s. m. manager ~ al unui fond mutual - fund manager managerial adj. managerial manco s.n. deficiency, shortage ~ de casa - shortage in the cash mandants.m. principal ~ si mandatar - principal and agent mandat s.n. 1. mandate; (procuro) procuration, proxy; (de arestare, perchezitie etc.} warrant 2. (postal) money/postal order ~ de aducere - order to offender, witness to appear ~ de arestare - warrant for arrest ~ de deputat - member's (electoral) mandate ~ de perchezitie - search warrant ~ postal - money/postal/post-office order ~ postal international - international/ foreign money order ~ postal telegrafic - telegraphic money/postal order a trimite prin ~ - (bani) to remit mandatar s.m. mandatory, mandatary; attorney (-in-fact); (imputernicit) procurator, proxy; (administrator, curator) trustee ~ pasiv - (fdra sarcind activd de indeplinit) naked trustee manevra v.t. to manipulate, to handle; (o marina, un utilaj) to operate, to run, to work; (vagoane) to shunt; (yagoane de mar/a) to marshal; (o nava) to manoeuvre, to handle

manevrabil adj. manageable; workable manifest s.n. 1. (program) manifesto: (aruncat, distribuit) leaflet 2. (lista a incdrcdturii navel) (mar.) manifest ~ al mcarcatorului - shipper's manifest ~ al incarcaturii - cargo manifest ~ al navei - ship's manifest ~ de bord - summary of bills of lading ~ de export - outward manifest ~ de import - inward manifest ~ de marfa incarcata - ship cargo/ shipping manifest ~ de tranzit - transit manifest manifold s.n. 1. (carnet de note, facturi cu color) manifold 2. (conducta la petroliere) manifold ~ de descarcare - discharge/delivery' manifold ~ de incarcare - cargo loading manifold manipula v.t. to manipulate, to handle; (o marina, un utilaj) to operate, to run, to work; (manual) to manhandle ~ piata - to rig the market manipulare s.f. manipulation, handling; (hamaldc) porterage; (o; masind, un utilaj) operating, working | ~ a materialelor - material's handling , ~ de marfuri - cargo handling ~ manuala - manual handling,, manhandling ~ mecanica - mechanical handling ~ sigura/fara pericol - safe handling ~ si transport de marfa - freigl handling manual adj. manual, hand... s.r, (ghid) handbook, manual, guide; (car cuprinde unitdtile monetare, de mdsur\ ale mai multor tan) cambist manufactura v.t. to manufacture

MAN-MAR

213

manufacture s.f. manufacture; (fabrica) manufactory marca v.t. to mark, to put a mark on; (cu tin semn distinctly) to earmark; (un obiect de metal pretios) to hallmark; (metale, marfuri etc.) to stamp; (pretui) to ticket up; (a matrita) to stencil; (a bifa) to (mark with a) check marca s.f. 1. mark; (la metale pretioase) plate mark, hallmark 2. (tip, model) brand 3. (timbru) stamp ~ a distribuitorului/proprie - (mime de marca atribuit unui produs de cdtre un intermediar, de obicei un detailist important) dealer's/private/own brand ~ a fabricii - manufacturer's brand/ mark, trademark ~ a monetariei - mint mark ~ de dimensiuni - (pentru marfuri) measurement mark ~ de flanc - (marca noud lansatd de o companie ce comercializeaza deja o alta m aceeasi categoric de produs) flanker brand ~ de greutate - weight mark ~ de grup - group mark ~ de identificare - (a coletelor de marfd) head mark ~ de manipulare - (pentru mdrfurile fragile) handling mark ~ de origine - mark of origin ~ de port - (pentru marfuri) port mark ~ de produse standard - standard brand ~ de thru - assay mark ~ depusa/de comert mregistrata registered trademark "- globala - global brand ~ inregistrata - trademark, registered mark, trade name ~ noua - new brand

~ superioara/de calitate - choice brand mare s.f. sea ~ continentala/interioara - continental/inland sea "- intercontinentala - intercontinental/ mediterranean sea ~ litorala/marginala - adjacent/ littoral/marginal sea marfar s.n. goods/freight train, freightliner marfa s.f. commodity, merchandise; (transportata) freight, cargo; pi. goods ~ ambalata - packaged cargo/freight/ goods ~ cautata/care se vinde bine - seller ~ containerizata - containerized cargo/freight ~ cu defect - flaw ~ cu proprietar necunoscut - waif ~ curata - clean cargo ~ de cabotaj - (mar.) coastal/coastwise freight ~ de export - (mar.) outward cargo ~ de import - (mar.) inward cargo ~ de mare gabarit - large-size freight ~ de punte - (mar.) deck cargo ~ de sezon - seasonal cargo ~ de umplere - (a spatwiui gol dupd stivuire) (mar.) filler cargo, small
stowage

~- eterogena - (greu de stivuit) heterogeneous cargo ~ fara ambalaj - unprotected cargo ~ fara proprietar - bona vacantia - grea - heavy (-weight) cargo; (mar.) deadweight cargo ~ grea in vrac - heavy bulk cargo ~ incompatibila - (care mi poate fi transportata impreund cu alte marfuri) incompatible cargo

214

MAR-MAR

~ in ambalaj izolat - insulated cargo ~ lichida in vrac - liquid bulk cargo ~ nesortata- buikpik ~ neincarcata - (din lipsd de spatiu) (mar.) short shipment ~ pachetizata - unitized cargo/load, unit load ~ paletizata - palletized cargo ~ pretentioasa - (in privinta con-ditiilor de transport) critical cargo ~ ramasa - (dupd descdrcare) residue/ residual cargo ~ rentabil de transportat - best-paying cargo ~ schimbata prin troc - swap ~ solida in vrac - solid bulk cargo ~ transportata pe mare - seaborne/ seagoing cargo marfuri abandonate - (fdra proprietor) abandoned goods ~ antrepozitate warehouse goods ~ avariate/deteriorate damaged goods ~ congelate - frozen goods ~ cu livrare imediata - actuals, physicals ~ cu livrare la termen - futures ~ cu miros specific - odorous goods ~ cu tarif vamal scazut - low-duty goods ~ cu volum redus - low-measurements goods ~ cumparate sub pornirea impulsului - impulse goods ~ de balast - (mar.) kentledge goods ~ de baza - primary goods, staple ~ de baza ale exportului - staple exports ~ de calitate inferioara - off-grade/-quality goods ~ de calitate medie - middle goods

~ de calitate superioara - superior/

prime goods, firsts ~ de cafitatea a treia thirds ~ de contrabands - contraband/ smugg/eof goods

~ de folosinta indelungata - durable goods, durables ~ de folosinta scurta - nondurable/singleuse goods ~ de folosinta semiindelungata semidurable goods ~ de larg consum - consumer goods ~ de lux - fancy goods ~ de mare viteza express/speed goods ~ de mica viteza - slow goods, ordinary freight ~ de prima/stricta necesitate -essential goods ~ de proba - goods on approval ~ de uz curent - (procurabile in apro-pierea locuintel) convenience goods ~ de valoare value/valuable goods ~ de volum/cubaj/voluminoase measurement/measure goods ~ disparate vandute angro -job lot ~ disponibile present goods, trading stock, stock-in-trade; (cu livrare ime-^ diata) spot (goods) ~ diverse/variate - miscellanec goods ~ fabricate in tara - domestics ~ facturate invoiced goods ~ finite - finished goods ~ fragile - fragile goods ~ generate - general goods, generals ~ impuse - taxed goods, goods rated ~ indisponibile/deHcitare unavailable goods ~ individualizate- ascertained goods ~ industriale - industrial goods

MAR-MAR

215

~ inerte - (minereuri, nisip, bumbac, land etc.) inert goods inflamabile - inflammable/ flammable goods ~ in baluri - bale goods ~ in comision - goods on commission ~ in consignatie - goods on consignment ~ in legaturi - bundle goods "- in lichidare (ale unei firme falimentare) distress goods ~ in partizi - goods making up a parcel ~ in tranzit - transit goods -" in vama - bonded goods ~ in vrac - bulk goods ~ insacuite - bagged goods ~ la moda - {niai ales articole de vestimentatie) fashion goods ~ lichide - wet goods '- licite - lawful merchandise ~ livrate cu facilitati de plata - goods supplied on deferred payments - marcate - (cu etichete) labelled goods ~ neambalate/desfacute - loose/ unpacked goods ~ nedeciarate - (in vama) unentered
goods

~ neidentificate/neindividualizate (in contract) unascertained goods ~ nelivrate/nepredate - undelivered goods ~ neridicate - unclaimed goods ~ neridicate in termen - overtime goods ~ nevandabile - unrealizable goods ~ nevamuibile - free/uncustomed goods ~ nevamuite unentered/uncleared goods

~ nevandute - goods on hand ~ periculoase - dangerous/hazardous goods ~ perisabile - perishable goods, perishables ~ prafuite - dusted goods ~ prohibite - (la export sou import) prohibited goods ~ refuzate - returns ~ returnabile - (furnizorului) unsolds ~ rubricate - (intr-un document de transport) subject/captioned goods ~ sechestrate - distrained goods - straine/de import - foreign goods ~ supuse accizelor - excisable goods ~ textile - textiles, soft goods ~ textile cu metraj in bucata - piece fabric/goods, yard goods ~ transbordate - transshipment goods ~ transportate pe apa - waterbome goods ~ umede - moist goods ~ uscate - (grdne, textile etc.) dry goods ~ uoare - light goods ~ vandabile - realizable/marketable goods ~ vamuibile - dutiable goods marfurile cumparate nu se schimba - no goods exchanged maricultura s.f. mariculture, sea farming marin adj. marine, sea...; maritime marinar,?.;. sailor, seaman, mariner ~ brevetat - able-bodied seaman ~ de cabotaj - shoaler necalificat/stagiar - ordinary seaman marina s.f. marine

216

MAR-MAT

~ comerciala - commercial/mercantile marine, merchant marine/navy, merchant shipping ~ militara - navy, naval forces maritim adj. maritime, marine; seaborne,seagoing marja s.f. (bur., corn., cont., fin.) margin ~ a dobanzii - (cliferenta dintre ratele dobdnzilor creditoare i debitoare ale unei band) interest margin ~ bruta - (diferenta dintre pretui de vdnzare cu amdnuntid fi eel cu ridicata) (corn.) gross margin ~ de contributie - (contributia la costurile fixe sau venitui ramas dupd plata cos turilor fixe) (fin.) contribution margin ~ de profit - profit margin ~ de profit net - net profit margin ~ de siguranta - (diferenta dintre veniturile obtinute din vdnzdrile curente fi cele realizate la pragul de rehabilitate) (fin.) margin of safety, safety margin marketing A. n. marketing ~ comun - (a/ unui grup de producdtori care colaboreazd pentru lansarea mdrfurilor lor pe piata) cooperative marketing ~ de stimulare - incentive marketing ~ direct - direct marketing ~ in retea - network marketing ~ nonprofit - nonprofit marketing ~ pe baza acceptarii produsului - (de cdtre consumatori) product acceptance marketing ~ simbiotic - (realizat prin acorduri intre doud sau mai multe firme) symbiotic marketing ~ social - social marketing

marxism s. n. Marxism ~ -leninism - Marxism-Leninism masa s.f. 1. table 2. (mdncare) meal. fare 3. (in fizicd etc.) mass ~ de joc - gambling table ~ de sens - writing table, desk ~ monetara - money supply ~ specifica aparenta - bulk density ~ specifica in vrac - bulk weight ~ si casa - (pensiune) board and lodging ~ verde - official board, green table: (fur a.]) green fodder masina s.f. machine; engine;
(automobile car

~ contabila de calcul/facturat si contabilizat - accounting machine ~ de ambalat/impachetat - package wrapping machine, packer ~ de asamblat - assemb ~ electrica de assembling machine casa electric cash register ~ de etichetat - labeller ~ de facturat - billing machine ~ de insacuit/ambalat in saci - sack packer, sack-filling machine ~ de scris - typewriter ~ de serviciu - company car ~ de sortare - sorter ~ de tiparit bancnote/titluri de; valoare - security printer | ~ postala de francat - postal franking J machine ~ -unealta - machine tool ~ universala - versatile machine matca s.f. (color, talon) counterfoil, heel, stub material adj., s.n. material ~ de ambalare - packing material ~ de inlocuire - substitute material ; ~ deficitar - shortage material I

MAT-MAS

217

~ inflamabil - inflammable/flammable material ~ lemnos - wood, timber; (SUA) lumber ~ nefolosit vandut de guvern/stat government surplus ~ plastic - plastics ~ publicitar - advertising/publicity material, promotion matter ~ publicitar colant - sticker ~ publicitar postal - mailshot ~ rulant - (c.f.) rolling stock, railway vehicles materiale de constructie - building materials ~ refolosibile - reusable materials ~ textile - textiles materie s.f. material ~ prima - raw/working material; (in industria petrochimica) feedstock; (introdusd in procesul de fabricatie) throughput ~ prima deficitara - scarce raw material ~ prima strategics - strategic raw material matrice s.f. matrix ~ de conducere - (metodd de conducere a firmelor multinationale care implied acordarea responsabilitdtilor pentru sectoare din activitatea companiei atat organizatiei nationale, cat si diviziilor de productie) matrix management maturitate s.f. (scadenta) maturity a ajunge la ~ - to mature maxim(al) adj. maximum maximiza v.t. to maximize maximizare s.f. maximization ~ a profitului - profit maximization maxim(um) s.n. maximum, upper limit

mari v.t. to enlarge; (a spori, a create) to increase; (preturi) to mark up, to push up, to boost; (pretui, valoarea etc.) to enhance; (preturi, salarii etc.) to raise v.r. to increase marime s.f. size ~ obisnuita/curenta - (de articole de imbrdcdminte) stock size marire s.f. (a preturilor etc.) increase, upturn, upswing, boost, raise ~ a capitalului social - increase of capital marunt adj. (despre cheltuieli) petty; (despre bani) loose maruntis s.n. 1. (bani mdrunti) (small) change, small coin/money, loose cash/change/money 2. pi. (mdrfuri) small goods, petty/small wares masurare s.f. measurement ~ a timpului (in munca manuala) methods time measurement ~ a timpului prin comparare differential timing ~ a ulajului - ullaging masura s.f \. measure; (masurare) measurement; (intindere) extent; (cantitate) quantity, amount 2. (corn.) size; fitting ~ de capacitate - measure of capacity, liquid measure ~ de capacitate pentru cereale si marfuri pulverulente - corn and dry measure ~ de capacitate pentru marfuri pulverulente - dry measure ~ de cherestea - (care foloseste ca imitate piciorul - cherestea) board measure ~ -etalon - standard of measurement ~ foarte mare - {la imbrdcdminte) outsize

218

MAS-MED

~ metrica/zecimala - decimal measure ~ provizorie/temporara - stopgap masuri antiinflationiste - anti-inflationary measures ~ de protectia i medicina muncii health and safety ~ de urgenta - emergency measures ~ deflationiste - deflationary measures ~ energice - strong measures ~ represive - retaliatory measures ~ restrictive - restrictive measures ~ i greutati - weights and measures mana s.f. hand ~ de lucru - manpower, labour (force), hands ~ de lucru angajata cu contract contract/indentured labour ~ de lucru calificata - skilled labour ~ de lucru neproductiva unproductive labour ~ de lucru ocazionala/sezoniera casual labour ~ libera - free hand, full authority a avea ~ libera - to have a free hand a duce lipsa de ~ de lucru - to be short of hands mecanic adj. mechanical s.m. mechanic; engineer ~ brevetat- (mar.) certified engineer ~ de locomotiva - engine operator/ driver, engineman - de punte - (mar.) deck engineer ~ -masinist - engineer ~ -sef - master mechanic, chief engineer mecanism s.n. mechanism; machinery; device; gear ~ al economiei de piata - market economy mechanism ~ al preturilor - price mechanism

~ al ratei de schimb - exchange rate mechanism ~ de echilibrare - (a balantei comerciale) adjustment mechanism ~ economic - economic mechanism mecaniza v.t. to mechanize medic s.m. physician, doctor ~ chirurg - surgeon ~ de medicina generala - family doctor ~ igienist - health officer ~ legist - forensic expert ~ veterinar - veterinary surgeon medicament s.n. medicine, drug, medicament ~ care poate fi cumparat fara reteta medicala - over-the-counter drug medicina s.f. medicine ~ a muncii - industrial/occupational medicine ~ legala - forensic medicine medic s.f. average; mean ~ aritmetica - arithmetical mean ~ de lucru - working mean ~ neponderata - unweighted average ~ ponderata - weighted average mediere s.f. (tranzactionare treptata/ graduald prin cumpdrarea sau vdnzarea de loturi de acUuni din acelayi\ packet la date si preturi diferite) (bur.] averaging

mediu s.n. environment concurential competitivi environment ~ de afaceri al firmei - firm'! business environment ~ economic - economic environment ~ financiar - financial environment ~ natural - natural environment ~ social - social environme background/milieu

MEM-MAR

219

membru s.m. member; (al unei societdti stiintifice etc.) fellow; (de partid, de sindicat) cardholder ~ activ - active member ~ al bursei - floor member ~ al consiliului de administratie (company) director, member of the board, trustee ~ al unei comisii - (guvernamentale, parlamentare) commissioner ~ al unui cartel - cartelist ~ al unui consiliu - councillor ~ al unui sindicat - trade unionist ~ al unui sindicat patronal syndicator ~ fondator - foundation/charter member; (al unei corporatii) corporator ~ neangajat permanent al consiliului de administratie - outside director ~ onorific/de onoare - honorary member ~ supleant - acting/deputy member a fi ~ in - to sit in/on memorandum s. n. memorandum ~ al acordului - memorandum of agreement ~ de achitare/indeplinire a obligatiilor - (de cdtre o societate) memorandum of satisfaction menaj s.n. 1. housekeeping, housewifery 2. (gospoddrie) household menaj er adj. domestic, household... meniu s.n. menu, bill of fare ~ fix - ordinary mensual adj. monthly mentine v.t. to maintain v.r. (despre preturi} to keep up; (in post) to keep one's job mentiona v.t. to mention, to make mention of; (intr-un contract) to set forth; (a specified) to specify

mercantil adj. mercantile mercantilism s. n. mercantilism merceologie s.f. science of commodities mercerie s.f. 1. (articole) haberdashery, mercery, small wares 2. (prdvalie) small-ware shop mercurial s.n. (listd de preturi) price current/list meserias s.m. handicraftsman, craftsman, tradesman meserie s.f. 1. trade, handicraft, craft 2. (profesie) profession, vocation ~ calificata - skilled trade mestesug s.n. 1. (meserie) trade, handicraft, craft 2. (profesie) profession, vocation 3. (pricepere) skill 4. (artd) craftsmanship mestesugar s.m. artisan, handicraftsman, craftsman, tradesman mestesugaresc
adj. handicraft... handmade, metalurgie s.f. metallurgy, metallurgical engineering metalurgia feroaselor - ferrous metallurgy ~ neferoaselor - nonferrous metallurgy metoda s.f. method; procedure metoda adaugarii unei cote marginale fixe la pretui de cost cost-plus method ~ amortizarii liniare - (cont.) straight-line method ~ compararii factorilor - (in evaluarea unei activitdti) factor comparison method ~ desfasuratorului - (pentru elaborarea situatiei fluxului de numerar) (cont.) spreadsheet approach

220

MAR-MB1

~ in timpi reali - {tehnicd de control menitd sd diminueze volumul stocurilor pe care o societate cu profit de pro-ductie trebuie sd Ie pdstreze) just-in-time ~ posturilor tranzitorii - accrual basis/concept ~ procentului din vanzari - {metoda de previziune a nevoilor financiare prin exprimarea diferitelor posturi de bilant ca procent din vdnzdri si apoi inmultirea acestor procentaje cu vdnzdrile viitoare estimate pentru a realiza bilanturi pro forma) {cont.) percentage of sales method metoda de amortizare - depreciation method ~ de determinare a preturilor pricing procedure ~ de estimare la valoarea actuala - (a nnei investitii) present value method ~ de evaluare a stocului - (pentru alocarea costului de achizitie pe stoc) {cont.) inventory costing method ~ de finantare - method of financing ~ de ierarhizare a activitatilor - job ranking method ~ de incercare/testare - testing method, test procedure metric adj. metric metrologie s.f. metrology metropola s.f. metropolis metrou s.n. underground, metropolitan; {SUA) subway metru s.m. metre ~ cub - cubic metre ~ -etalon - standard metre ~ patrat - square metre mezelarie s.f. 1. sausage factory 2. (magazin) ham-and-beef/pork-butcher's shop

mezoeconomie s.f. intermediate levd of economy mic adj. 1. small 2. (despre venituri. beneficii) poor ~ -burghez - petty bourgeois ~ cabotaj - (intre porturile nationalc din aceeasi mare) (mar) short-sea/near trade, small(-coast) trade, inshoicl navigation/coastal traffic ~ gros - (mdsurd echivalentd cu 12 duzini, 144 de obiecte) small gross mica burghezie - petty bourgeoisie ~ gospodarie taraneasca ~ sn peasant farm ~ Industrie - small industry ~ productie - small(-scale) productioni ~ publicitate - classific advertisement microeconomie s.f. microeconomics micsora v.f. to reduce, to decrease, diminish; (preturi, salarii etc.) lower, to abate, to cut; {preturi) to p down v.r. to decrease, to diminish. abate; {despre preturi) to sink migratie s.f. migration ~ a capitalului - migration of money ~ internationala a fortei de muncainternational labour migration mijioc s.n. 1. middle 2. {mod actiune) means; (metoda) methi (cale) way; {instrument) instrume {resursa) resource 3. pi. means; a facilities mijioace de andocare - doci facilities ~ de antrepozitare - warehoi facilities ~ de comunicare in masa media ~ de descarcare - discharge facilitie ~ de incarcare - loading facilities

MIJ-MIN

221

~ de manipulare a marfurilor - cargo handling facilities ~ de plata - means of payment, payment media; circulating medium, medium of exchange ~ de productie - means of production, capital/investment goods, producer(s)/ production goods ~ de trai - means of subsistence/living, livelihood ~ de transport - transport facilities, means of conveyance ~ fixe - fixed assets, physical capital ~ independente de trai - (obtinute din
rente sail titluri de valoare)

independent means ~ legale de plata - legal tender ~ legale limitate de plata - limited legal tender ~ locale - local resources ~ plutitoare - floating equipment ~ portuare - docking/harbour facilities ~ publicitare - advertising media mijioci v.t. (a media) to mediate, to interpose/to intercede/to intervene in mijiocitor s.m. mediator, intermediary; (in negocierf) negotiator; (si in sens
negativ) go-between; (numai in sens

~ marina/nautica internationala international nautical mile ~ Mercator/de latitudine crescanda Mercator's mile ~ -tren - train mile miliard s.n. milliard; (SUA) billion miliardar s.m. multimillionaire; (SUA) billionaire milion^./z. million milionar^.w. millionaire mina s.f. mine; (put) mine, pit; (cariera) quarry ~ de aur - gold mine, bonanza ~ de carbuni - coal mine/pit, colliery miner s.m. miner; (din minele de carbuni} collier mineral adj., s.n. mineral mineralier s.n, bulk-ore carrier, ore carrier/ship/vessel ~ -carbonier - ore-coal carrier ~ -cerealier - ore-grain carrier ~ -petrolier - ore-oil tanker minereu s.n. ore ~ brut - crude/mine ore ~ -bulgari - lump ore ~ in vrac - ore in bulk
minerits.n. mining

negativ) pander, procurer mila s.f. (imitate de masurd pentru lungime) mile ~ britanica/terestra - land/British mile; (SUA) statute/statutory mile ~ ecuatoriala/geografica - equatorial/ geographical mile ~ marina/nautica - nautical/marine/ sea mile ~ marina engleza/standard Admiralty/English/nautical standard mile

minim adj., s.n. minimum ~ de subzistenta/trai - minimum living standard minimaliza v.t. to minimize, to belittle; (a subaprecia) to disparage minimum s. n. minimum minister s.n. ministry; (Anglia) office, board; (SUA) department Ministerul Afacerilor Externe Ministry of External Affairs; (Anglia) Foreign Office; (SUA) State Department ~ Afacerilor Interne - Ministry of Internal/Home Affairs; (Anglia) Home

M1N-MO

Office; (SUA) Department of the Interior ~ Agriculturii - (Anglid) Board of Agriculture Apararii - (SUA) Defense Department ~ Comertului - Ministry of Trade;
(Anglid} 'Board of Trade; (SUA)

Department of Commerce ~ de Finante - Ministry of Finance; (Anglid) Exchequer; (SUA) Department of Treasury ~ de Justitie - Ministry of Justice; (SUA) Department of Justice ~ Educatiei - Ministry of Education; (Anglid) Board of Education ~ Sanatatii - Ministry of Public Health ministru s.m. minister; (Anglid) secretary of state ~ adjunct - deputy minister; (Anglid) Undersecretary ~ al afacerilor externe - Minister for Foreign Affairs; (Anglid) Foreign Secretary; (SUA) Secretary of State, State Secretary ~ al afacerilor interne - Minister for Internal Affairs; (Anglid) Home Secretary; (SUA) Secretary of the Interior ~ al comertului - Minister of Commerce; (Anglid) President of the Board of Trade ~ de finante - Minister for Finance; (Anglici) Chancellor of the Exchequer; (SUA) Secretary of the Treasury (Department) ~ de justitie - Minister of Justice; (Anglid) Lord Chancellor; (SUA) Attorney General ~ fara portofoliu - Minister without portofolio

~ plenipotentiar - Ministi Plenipotentiary minus s.n. minus; (deficit) defici (lipsd dintr-o cantitate, marfa) short miscare s.f. 1. motion; movement (activitate) activity 3. (sociali movement; (revoltd) revolt, ric commotion, upheaval, uprising 4. (c.j traffic management ~ a capitalului - capital movement ~ civila - (care provoacd dawv (asig.) civil commotion ~ grevista - strike movement ~ portuara - dock traffic ~ revolutionara - revolutionai movement ~ sindicala - trade-union movement mita s.f. bribery; illicit commissio' (data pentru a cumpdra tdcerea cuivi hush-money; (concret) bribe mitui v.t. to bribe, to buy off/ove (martori) to tamper with mituitor s.m. bribe giver; (de marto? tamperer mix s. n. mix ~ de distributie - (combinan canalelor de distributie) distributk mix ~ de marketing - (termen general ca cuprinde diversele elemente d procesului de marketing) marketa mix mixt adj. mixed, joint; (combine composite, compound ; miza v.t., v.i. to stake, to gamble \ miza s.f. stake, gamble moara s.f. mill ~ de apa - water mill mobila v.t. (a amenaja) to furnish mobila s.f. furniture, appointments; I articol separaf) piece of furniture

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223

mobiliar adj. (dr.) movable, personal mobilier s.n. furniture, appointments mobilitate s.f. mobility ~ a capitalului - mobility of capital, capital mobility ~ a fortei de munca - mobility of labour, labour mobility ~ profesionala - (schimbarea structurii profesionale) occupational mobility mod s.n. mode, manner, way, style ~ de consum - (concept care reflectd proportiile dintre venituri si inegalitdtile determinate de ele in consumul popiilatiei) consumption pattern ~ de intrebuintare - pattern ~ de viata {concept esential pentru deflnirea identitdtii socioeconomice a uiiui grup social) lifestyle moda s.f. fashion model s.n. model, pattern ~ al cresterii economice - model of economic growth ~ al incasarii debitorilor- collection pattern ~ de cec - specimen of cheque ~ de utilizare a salariatilor - staff-pattem ~ econometric - econometric model ~ economic - economic model ~ industrial in dezvoltare developing industrial model ~ -tip representative type modern adj. modern; (la zi, actualizat) up-to-date modest adj. (despre venituri, beneficii) poor mol s.n. pier, mole ~ cu dana de petrol - oil pier ~ cu dane pentru marfuri - cargo pier ~ vamal - customs wharf

monarhie s.f. monarchy ~ absoluta - absolute monarchy ~ constitutionals - constitutional/ limited monarchy mondial adj. world(-wide) mondoeconomie s.f. world economy moneda s.f. (metalicd) coin; (imitate monetard a unei tdri) currency; money ~ bancara/scripturala - (depozite bancare etc.) nonphysical/deposit money ~ -cheie - key currency ~ convertibila - convertible currency ~ cu curs fortat - forced currency ~ cu titlu legal - coin of legal fineness ~ curenta - currency, current money ~ de cont - money of account, accounting currency ~ de hartie - paper currency/money ~ din aur sail argint - full-bodied currency ~ dirijata - managed currency/money ~ divizionara/de bilon - fractional currency/money, divisional/subsidiary/ token coin ~ efectiva - real money ~ elastica - adjustable/elastic currency ~ falsa - false/bad coin, counterfeit coin/money, base coinage ~ fictiva - fiat money ~ Hduciara - fiduciary note, paper currency/money, token money ~ Huctuanta - floating currency ~ legala - lawful currency, legal tender ~ -marfa - commodity money ~ metalica - coin, specie, hard money, metallic currency ~ neconvertibila - unconvertible currency ~ stabila - stable/sound currency ~ -tip - standard coin

224

MON-

monetar adj. monetary, currency..., nummary, nummular monetarism s.n. monetarism monetarie s.f. mint; security printing office monocultura s.f. monoculture, one/single-crop system monometalism s.n. (sistem monetar bazat pe un singur metal pretios) (fin.) monometallism, single standard monopols.n. monopoly ~ absolut - absolute monopoly ~ asupra vanzarilor - selling monopoly ~ bilateral - (instituit intre un cumpdrdtor unic si un vdnzdtor unic) bilateral monopoly ~ comercial - commercial/supplier's monopoly ~ de stat - public/state/govemment monopoly ~ discriminatoriu - discriminating/ discriminatory monopoly ~ fiscal - (al statului) fiscal monopoly ~ institutional - (instituit atunci cdnd proprietarul unei mdrci de fabricd o foloseste pentru a-si impime produsele prin publicitate si ambalaj special pentru a Ie diferentia cu once pret de oferta concurentel) institutional monopoly ~ legal legal monopoly ~ natural - (situatie a pietei caracterizatd prin existenta unei singure firme sau a unui numdr foarte mic de firme ofertante care dispun de resurse naturale inaccesibile celorlalte firme) natural monopoly ~ perfect/total - perfect monopoly ~ unilateral - unilateral monopoly

monopolist adj. monopolistic monopolist monopoliza v.t. to monopolize; <J to engross; {mdrfuri, actiuni) to cor monopson s.n. (unicd firmd CUK rdtoare a unui bun sau a unui serm oferit de un numdr mare de proSi^ cdtori) monopsony, buyer's monopoly monopsonist^./M. monopsonist morar s.m. miller ( moratoriu s. n. moratorium mostra s.f. sample, pattern; (J material textil) swatch ~ aleatorie - random sample ~ de control - check sample ~ de valoare - sample of value ~ din marfa preluata - outturn sampi ~ fara valoare - (mentiune pe un coh de mostre) sample post ~ gratuita - free sample; (pferitd i scop promotional) handout ~ medie - (din diferite unitdti d marfa) unit type ~ reprezentativa - representatm adequate sample ~ statistics - master sample a lua o ~ - to take a sample mosteni v.t. to inherit mostenire s.f. inheritance, heritagi hereditament, heirdom; (legaf) legaq (de bunuri mobile) bequest ~ a unui legatar universal - residual bequest/legacy ~ neasteptata - windfall ~ vacanta - vacant succession mostenitoare s.f. heiress mostenitor s.m. inheritor, hei (legatar) legatee; (de bunuri inn biliare) devisee; (succesor} successor ~ aparent - heir apparent ~ legitim/de drept - heir-at-law

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225

~ prezumptiv - heir presumptive ~ subsecvent - remainderman ~ testamentar - (legatar} heir testamentary motel s.n. motel, motor hotel motivatie s.f. motivation ~ a consumatorului - consumer's motivation ~ de profit - profit motivation motiune s.f. motion; vote ~ de incredere - vote of confidence ~ de neincredere - vote of no-confidence, want-of-confidence vote a adopta o ~ - to carry a vote mulgere s.f. {strategic de marketing pe termen scurt care urmdreste obtinerea rapidd de profit) milking multibranding s.n. (iitilizarea mai multor mdrci in cadrul aceleiasi linii de prodtise) multibranding multilateral adj. multilateral multilateralism s.n. (corn.) multilateralism multimilionar s.m. multimillionaire multinational adj. multinational multiplicator^-.w. (fin.) multiplier ~ bugetar - (exprimd cumulativ efectele politicii bugetare de relansare economica} budget multiplier ~ fiscal (coeficient ce reflectd cresterea productiei si a venitidui prin diminuarea impozitelor, fdrd ca totahd cheltuielilor bugetare sdfie modificat} fiscal multiplier ~ monetar - (influentarea masei monetare din economic prin modificarea necesarului de rezervd sail prin folosirea operathinilor de piatd deschisa) money multiplier munca s.f. 1. work, labour; (grea) sweat, toil 2. {ocupatie} job, work

~ a copiilor - (folosirea copiilor in activitdti productive) child labour ~ abstracta - (in teoria marxistd} abstract labour/work ~ accesorie - by(e)-work ~ calificata - skilled work ~ concreta - (in teoria marxista) concrete labour/work ~ complementara - follow-up work ~ conform graficului - schedule work ~ cu norma intreaga - whole-/full--time work ~ cu ziua - work by the day, day labour ~ de birou - office/clerical work ~ de mantuiala - rush work ~ de noapte nightwork ~ directa (fabricarea unui produs sail oferirea unui serviciu) direct labour ~ fizica - manual labour, physical work ~ gratuita - labour of love ~ grea/istovitoare hard work, overwork ~ indirecta (activitatea de administrate, intretinere etc.} indirect labour ~ intelectuala - intellectual/brain work ~ in acord -job/task work, piecework, work at piece rates/by the job; (in mine} tutwork ~ in echipa/colectiv - teamwork ~ in schimburi/ture - shift work/ labour ~ la domiciliu - homework ~ manuala manual work/labour, handiwork ~ necalificata - unskilled work; (inferioard} underwork

226

MUN-MLT

~ neproductiva - unproductive/wasted work ~ ocazionala - odd work/job ~ platita/salariata - wage/hired labour ~ platita cu ora sau cu ziua timework ~ platita pe unitatea de timp - work at time rates ~ suplimentara - (ore suplimentare) overtime (work), overwork, surplus labour munci v.i. to work; (a trudi) to labour, to sweat, to toil; (ocazional) to job v.t. (pdmantuT) to till ~ in acord - to do piece work, to work by the piece, to work piecemeal muncitor adj. \. working 2. (harnic) industrious, active, hard-working s.m. worker, workman ~ agricol - agricultural worker, field/farm hand ~ autorizat - licensed worker ~ calificat - skilled worker ~ care determina norma - pacemaker, pacer, pacesetter ~ cu jumatate de norma/cu program redus - half-timer/'-time worker, part-time work ~ cu ziua - day labourer ~ de fabrica - factory worker ~ evazionist - (care are cloud servicii, veniturile suplimentare obtinute din cea de-a doua shijbd, practicatd de obicei noaptea, fund frecvent nedeclarate) moonligter

~ exploatat - sweatee ~ feroviar railman, railwayman; (SUA) railroader ~ forestier - forest worker; (SL'A} lumberjack, lumberman ~ industrial - industrial worker ~ invalid/fara capacitate de munca disabled worker ~ in acord - jobber, job/task worker, pieceworker ~ necaliHcat - unskilled worker, labourer ~ ocazional - floater, occasional hand ~ portuar - longshoreman, stevedore, loader, lumper, dock(side)/watersidt worker; (pe chei) quayman ~ semicalificat - semiskilled worker ~ sezonier - season(al) worker muncitori esentiali - (cu sarcini ^ responsabilitdti deosebite} (man.) core workers ~ nesindicalizati - free labour ~ periferici - (mutati in interes dt serviciu] (man.) peripheral workers ~ sindicalizati - organized/union labour municipal adj. municipal municipalitate s.f. municipality municipal authority, (municipal corporation, corporate town munte s.m. mountain ~ de pietate - pawnshop, mont-det -piete I mutual adj. mutual I

N
natura s.f. 1. (CM diferite sensuri) nature 2. (/e/) kind, character ~ i grad al avariei - (asig.) nature and extent of the damage a plati in ~ - to pay in kind nationaliza v.t. to nationalize naufragia v.i. to (suffer) shipwreck naufragiu s.n. shipwreck, (marine) casualty; distress, sea disaster nava s.f. ship, vessel, boat; (de mic tonaj) craft, watercraft ~ abandonata - abandoned ship/vessel, derelict ~ -atelier - repairing ship ~ -baza - accommodation/base ship, tender ~ ca parte contractanta - (CM obUgatii ?i drepturi) ship's side ~ -cap de convoi - leading vessel ~ -cisterna - tank ship/vessel, tanker ~ combinata - (pentru minereu i ceredle sail minereu fi cdrbune) double-duty ship/vessel; (pentru pasageri i mdrfuri) passenger-cargo ship/vessel, intermediate/mixed vessel ~ combinata tip OBO - (pentru petrol-mdrfuri in vrac-minereii) combined oil-bulk-ore, ore-bulk-oil ship ~ combinata tip 00 - (pentru petrol fi minereu) oil-ore ship ~ comerciala - commercial ship/ vessel, merchant ship/vessel, trade ship/vessel, trading ship/vessel, trader, freighter, cargo boat ~ compartimentata - subdivided ship ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting ship, coastwise ship/vessel, coast trade ship/vessel, short-haul ship/vessel, coaster, shoaler de cabotaj mic - short-sea ship/vessel, inshore vessel ~ de cabotaj national - home-trade ship/vessel, home trader ~ de canal - canal boat - de cartel maritim - conference ship/vessel ~ de cercetari hidrografice - survey ship ~ de cercetari oceanografice oceanographic survey ship ~ de companie - (a aceluia^i armator) sister ship/vessel ~ de control - (yamal, sanitar i de frontierd) boarding ship/vessel, examination vessel ~ de control al poluarii - pollution control ship/vessel ~ de control vamal - customs/revenue ship ~ de croaziera - cruise ship/vessel ~ de cursa lunga - oversea(s) ship/ vessel, foreign-going ship/vessel, long-range/'distance ship/vessel ~ de cursa zilnica - day-service ship ~ de curse regulate/linie - liner, regular trader ~ de lacuri - lake craft, lake-type vessel, laker de linie transatlantica transatlantic liner ~ de mare tonaj - large ship/vessel

228

NAV-NAV

~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk carrier/trader ~ de mic tonaj - small/noncapital ship ~ de navigatie interioara - inland navigation ship/vessel ~ de pasageri - passenger ship/ vessel/trader ~ de pastrare temporara a mar-furilor {neincdrcate in termen) ship's accommodation craft ~ de pescuit - fishing boat/ship/vessel ~ de rada - roads ship/vessel, roader ~ de ranfluare - (salvage) lifting craft/ship ~ de serie - serial/series-built vessel, sister ship/vessel ~ de tonaj foarte mare - leviathan ~ de tonaj foarte mic - shiplet ~ de transport carrier, carrying vessel ~ de transport combinat - dual--purpose vessel, combination carrier ~ dezafectata (scoasd din functiune) disabled ship/vessel, idle ship/vessel, ship out-of-commission ~ fluviala - river boat/ship/vessel ~ frigorifica refrigerated carrier/ ship/vessel, reefer (ship) ~ frigorifica de carne - meat carrier/ship/vessel, frozen meat ship/ vessel ~ frigorifica de pete - refrigerated fish carrier ~ in balast - (fdrd incdrcdtura) ship in ballast ~ in serviciu/exploatare - ship in commission/service ~ incarcata - ship in laden condition, laden vessel ~ maritima ~ marine vessel, sea ship, seagoing ship/vessel

~ mineraliera - ore carrier/ship/vessel mixta - (cdldtori i mar/a) passengercargo ship/vessel, cargo-and-passenger ship/vessel, intermediate/mixed vessel; (po^tald ^i de mar/a) cargo-mail vessel ~ navlosita - chartered ship/vessel, contract carrier ~ navlosita pe termen - time-chartered ship/vessel ~ necartelata - nonconference carrier/ship/vessel ~ nuda - (navlosita fdrd echipaj) bare boat ~ oceanica - ocean-going ship/vessel ~ oceanica de linie - ocean liner ~ pe perna de aer - hovercraft ~ pentru animale vii - cattleship ~ pentru autovehicule - car carrier, car-transport ship/vessel, vehicle cargo ship/vessel ~ pentru cereale - cereal carrier, grain carrier/ship, grain-carrying ship/vessel ~ pentru cherestea - timber carrier/ ship/vessel, timber-carrying vessel ~ pentru ciment - cement carrier ~ pentru materii prime - (minereuri, titei etc.) industrial carrier ~ pentru marfuri - cargo boat/carrier, cargo (-carrying) ship/vessel, freight carrier, freighter ~ pentru marfuri generale - general cargo carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri grele - heavy-cargo/-lift carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri in vrac - bulk cargo carrier/ship/vessel ~ pentru marfuri paletizate - pallet carrier/ship/vessel, pallet-carrying ship/
vessel

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229

~ pentru marfuri standard - standard cargo ship ~ pentru marfuri uscate - dry-cargo vessel ~ pentru minereuri fluidizate - slurry carrier ~ petroliera - oil carrier/ship/vessel/ tanker, oil-carrying ship/vessel, tank ship/vessel, oiler, tanker ~ portuara - harbour/port ship ~ remorcata - towing ship/vessel ~ sechestrata - arrested ship ~ sub pavilion nationa! - national flag ship/vessel ~ sub pavilion strain - foreign ship/vessel, foreigner ~ tip RO-RO - (pentru mijiouce rulante) roll-on-roll-off ship/vessel, ,,roro" ship/vessel '- -tramp ~ (de curse neregulate) tramp, tramper ~ -tramp de linie - tramp liner - - tramp universala - general-purpose tramp ~ -uzina - (pentru prelurrarea pe^tehii la bord) factory ship/vessel a arma o ~ - to fit out a ship a scoate o ~ din exploatare - to lay up a ship naveta s.f. (c.f.) down-and-up-train; (SUA) commutation a face naveta - to rim to and fro, to run shuttle service; (despre o nava, un aiiiobuz etc.) to ply navetist.v.m. regular traveller naviga v.i. to sail, to navigate; (despre nave comerciale) to trade navigabil adj. navigable, passable navigatie s.f. navigation, sailing; shipping ~ aeriana - air navigation

~ comerciala - commercial navigation/ shipping ~ costiera - coast(al)/coastwise navigation, coasting ~ de cabotaj - cabotage, short-sea shipping, inshore navigation ~ de cursa lunga - long-distance/deep-sea navigation, foreign trade ~ fluviala - river navigation ~ interioara - inland/inner/inside navigation, internal shipping -- maritima - maritime/marine navigation, sea navigation/shipping ~ oceanica - ocean navigation/ shipping ~ pe distanta lunga - long-distance navigation/shipping, long-range navigation ~ pe distanta scurta - short-distance navigation/shipping, short-range navigation ~ regulata/de linie - line/liner shipping ~ -tramp - (pe itinerarii neregulate} tramp navigation navlosi v.t. (mar.) to charter, to freight,
to affreight

~ cu navlu forfetar/global - to charter for lump sum ~ spatiu pe o nava - to charter space navlosire s.f. (mar.) chartering, freightage, affreightment ~ a navei nude - (fdrd echipaj i materiale) chartering by demise, bare-hoat/-mill/-pole chartering cu navlu forfetar/global affreightment for a lump sum, lump sum chartering ~ partiala - part chartering ~ pe termen - time chartering

230

NAV-NAV

~ pe termen lung - long-term chartering ~ pe voiaj - trip chartering ~ pentru o calatorie dus-intors round-trip chartering ~ pentru un singur voiaj - single-voyage chartering ~ simpla - single chartering ~ totala (a intregii capacitdti de incarcare) whole cargo chartering navlositor s.m. (mar.) charterer, affreighter, freighter ~ pe termen - time charterer ~ principal - chartered/disponent owner, freight contractor navlu s.n. (cost al transportului mdrfurilor pe apa) freight, charter money, portage, seaborne/seagoing freight ~ ad valorem - (calculat in functie de valoarea mdrfurilor transportate) ad valorem freight ~ brut - (inclusiv taxelor portuare i cheltuielile de alimbare) freight in full, gross freight ~ calculat pentru capacitatea neta de transport - on deadweight basis freight ~ castigat oricum - (chiar dacd nova si/sau caricul s-ar pierde) freight earned ship and/or cargo lost or not lost ~ contra ramburs - freight forward ~ contractual - charter/chartered/ contract/agreed freight ~ cumulat - aggregate freight ~ de cartel - conference freight ~ de inapoiere home/homeward/ back/retum/inbound/inward freight ~ de plecare/ducere/iesire - outward/ outgoing/outbound/out freight

~ diferentiat (pentru mdrfuri care se transportd regulat in cantitdti man) commodity rates ~ direct - through freight ~ dublu - double freight ~ ,,dus-intors" - out-and-home freight ~ egal - (chiar dacd nava va descdrca in mai multe portiiri) flat rate ~ estimat - estimated freight ~ excesiv - (calculat gre^it) excess/ over freight ~ global/forfetar - lump sum freight ~ intreg/total - full freight ~ la cubaj/volum - freight by measurement ~ la destinatie - destination freight, port of call freight ~ maritim - sea freight ~ mort (navlu platit pentru spatiul neincdrcat din vina navlositorului) dead freight ~ nedeterminat - pending freight ~ net - net freight ~ oceanic - ocean freight ~ pe distanta - distance freight ~ pe timp - charter/time freight ~ pe voiaj - voyage freight ~ pentru marfuri de cabotaj - coastal freight ~ pentru marfuri de cubaj/volum measurement rate ~ pentru marfuri de export outbound/outward freight ~ pentru marfuri generale - package freight ~ pentru marfuri in tranzit - in-transit freight ~ platibil in portui de incarcare freight payable at port of loading ~ platibil la destinatie - freight at risk/payable at destination

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~ platibil pe cantitatea incarcata freight payable on intaken quantity ~ platibil pe cantitatea predata freight payable on delivered quantity ~ platit anticipat - advance/ anticipated/forward freight ~ platit proportional - (cu distanta parcursd)pro rata freight ~ ridicat - high freight ~ scazut - distress/low freight ~ suplimentar - additional/extra freight, overfreight ~ $i contrastalii - freight and demurrage ~ i cost - freight and cost ~ -tramp - tramp/shipping freight neacceptare s.f. nonacceptance, default of acceptance ~ a unei cambii - nonacceptance of a bill of exchange neachitare s.f. nonpayment; (neonorare a unui cec, a unei cambii)

neautorizat adj. unauthorized, unlicensed neavariat adj. undamaged neavizat adj. (formula pe un efect de comerf) no advice/orders nebrevetat adj. unlicensed necalificat adj. unqualified, unskilled necatalogat adj. uncatalogued necesar adj. necessary, needful; (cerut) required; (indispefisabi!) indispensable, essential, requisite s.n. want, wantage; requirement ~ de capital - capital requirement
~ de marja - (suma minima solicitata m depozit tuturor detinatorilor de contracte futures} (bur.) margin

dishono(u)r neachitat adj. unpaid, unsettled, unreceipted; (despre datorii) uncleared; (despre taxe, impolite} delinquent; (restant) outstanding neacoperire s.f. (a unui ordin de plata} overdraft nealocat adj. {despre fonduri} unappropriated neambalat adj. unpacked, loose neamortizabil adj. irredeemable, unredeemable neamortizat adj. unredeemed neandosat adj. unendorsed neanulat adj. uncancelled neaprobat adj. unapproved neasigurabil adj. uninsurable neasigurat adj. uninsured; unassured; (asig. mar.) bare

requirement necesita v.t. to necessitate, to require necesitate s.f. necessity, need; want, wantage; (cerinta) requirement necheltuit adj. unspent necomercial adj. (contrar iizantelor comerciale) unbusinesslike necompletat adj. (in alb) blank neconditionat adj. unconditional; absolute; (nespecificat) unstipulated; (fard conditii) termless neconfirrnat adj. unconfirmed; (despre vdrsaminte, plati) unacknowledged neconsemnat adj. (in documentele oficiale) off^-the-record neconstituit adj. (sub forma unei corporatii) (SU.4) unincorporated neconvertibil adj. unconvertible, inconvertible necorespunzator adj. inadequate necostisitor adj. inexpensive necotat adj. (bur.) unlisted, unquoted nedatat adj. dateless, undated nedebursat adj. undisbursed

232

NED-NEC

nedefinitivat adj. (despre un contract) open-ended nedepunere s.f. (a reclamatiei in termen legal) (dr.) nonclaim nedisponibil adj. unavailable nedistribuit adj. undistributed, undivided, unappropriated neeconomic adj. uneconomic; wasteful neeconomicitate s.f. (dezeconomie) diseconomy neelastic adj. {despre cerere, ofertd etc.) inelastic neemis adj. {despre actiuni, obligatiuni) unissued neevaluat adj. unvalued, unassessed, unrated neexecutare s.f. nonexecution, nonperformance, nonfulfilment ~ a unui contract - nonexecution/ nonperformance of a contract neexecutoriu adj. (despre un contract, o hotdrdre judecdtoreascd) unenforceable nefalsificat adj. (despre bduturd) unadulterated; genuine nefavorabil adj. unfavourable nefertil adj. (despre sol) poor nefolosit adj. unemployed negarantat adj. unsecured, unwarranted negativ adj. negative neglijenta adj. negligence ~ culpabila - (asig.) contributory negligence negocia v.t. to negociate v.i. to hold negotiations/talks negociabil adj. negotiable; (despre titluri de valoare) marketable, transferable negociator^.m. negotiator

negociere s.f. negotiation, bargaining; (a unui imputernicit) procuration; pi. talks ~ a contradului colectiv de munca -collective bargaining negocieri cu voce tare/prin strigare -(bur.) outcry ~ dure - hard bargain ~ in curs - negotiations in progress, on-going negotiations ~ la nivel inalt - summit talks, top (-level) negotiations ~ salariale - wage negotiations a fi in ~ cu cineva - to be in negotiations with smb. a incepe ~ - to enter into/to open negotiations a purta - - to hold talks negots.n. trade, commerce a face ~ cu - to deal in smth., to trade in smth. with smb. negrevat adj. (de sarcini ipotecare) unencumbered negustor s.m. merchant, dealer; (in cuvinte compose) monger; (cu magazin) shopkeeper, shopman; (de mdruntisuri, de bdcdnie) chandler ~ ambulant - pedlar, hawker, bagman, itinerant dealer; (de fructe, legume, peste etc.) coster(monger) ~ cu amanuntui petty dealer ~ cu ridicata - wholesale/direct trader, wholesaler ~ de - dealer in ~ de articole de fier/fierarie -ironmonger ~ de cereale - corn dealer ~ de cherestea timber merchant ~ de lana - wool stapler ~ de legume i fructe - greengrocer ~ de maruntiuri - haberdasher

NEG-NER

233

~ de mercerie - mercer ~ de pe$te - fishmonger ~ de vinuri - wine merchant ~ de vite - livestock/cattle dealer negustorie s.f. trade, commerce; (in magazin) shopkeeping neimpozabil adj. tax-exempt/-free, not liable to taxation, untaxable neipotecat adj. unmortgaged, free from encumbrance nemcasat adj. (despre taxe, impozite) uncollected nemcarcat adj. (mar.) no-cargo condition neindeplinire s.f. nonexecution, nonperfonnance, nonfulfilment; (a unui contract) default ~ a obligatiilor legale - (dr.) nonfeasance nemregistrat adj. unregistered, unentered nelegal adj. lawless nelichidat adj. (despre datorii) uncleared nelimitat adj. (fard termen final) termless nelivrare s.f. nondelivery, failure to deliver nelivrat adj. undelivered nelucrator adj. nonworking nemuncit adj. unearned nenavigabil adj. unnavigable nenavigabilitate s.f. (a unei nave maritime, fluviale) unseaworthiness; (a unei aeronave) unairworthiness nenavlosit adj. (mar.) unchartered nenegociabil adj. unnegotiable neoficial adj. unofficial neonorare s.f. (a unui cec, a unei cambii) dishono(u)r nepatentat adj. unlicensed

neplasat adj. (nevdndut) unplaced neplata s.f. nonpayment, failure to pay; (a datoriilor la scadentd) delinquency neprelucrat adj. raw, crude; unmanufactured, unfinished nepretios adj. (despre metale) base neprevazut adj. unforeseen; (neasteptat) unexpected neprezentare s.f. (in instantd) default, nonappearance neproductiv adj. unproductive; (despre capital) dormant; (despre sol) poor; (neutilizat, neoperativ) unemployed, idle neproductivitate s.f. unproductiveness, nonproductivity neprofesional adj. nonprofessional neprofesionist adj. nonprofessional neprofitabil adj. unprofitable, profitless nerambursabil adj. irredeemable, unredeemable, nonretumable, nonreimbursable nerecuperabil adj. irrecoverable, nonrecoverable, expendable nerecuperat adj. unrecovered nerentabil adj. unprofitable, profitless, unrein unerative nerentabilitate s.f. unprofitableness nerepartizat adj. undistributed, unappropriated nerespectare s.f. nonobservance, failure to observe, default; (medicare) breach ~ a obligatiilor luate - default on obligations undertaken ~ a secretului breach of confidence/' security nereu$ita s.f. failure nerevendicat adj. unclaimed; (despre un bun) dormant

234

NES-NOR

nescadent adj. undue, unmatured nesigur adj. unsafe; (indoielnic, dubios) doubtful nesindicalizat adj. nonunion nesoldat adj. unbalanced nesolicitat adj. uncalled nesolutionat adj. unsettled nesubscris adj. (desprc capital) unsubscribed nesubventionat adj. unsubsidized net adj. nei; clear netaxat adj. unrated neto adv. net neutiSizat adj. unemployed idle neutraiitate s.f. neutrality ~ fiscala - (ace! sislem ds iinpunere,
acele impozite si taxe care ru provoacd permrbdri ale alocdrii resurselor

productive) fiscal neutrality nevandabil adj. unsaleable, unmarketable, unmerchantable, unrealizable, sateless nevamuit adj. uncustomed, uncleared neverificat adj. unverified, unchecked, (de cenzori) unaudited nevoia$ adj. needy, poor, desdtute s.m. needy person nevoie s.f. 1. (necesitate) need, necessity 2. (lipsd) need, want; (sdrdcie) poverty, destitution 3. (jend financiard) straits, straitened circumstances ~ dc bunuri competitive - competitive need nia s.f. niche ~ de piata - niche market nivel s.n. level; standard; scale ~ acceptabil de calitate - acceptable quality level ~ al datoriei pentru care se poate declara falimentui - bankruptcy level ~ al preturilor - price level

- al productiei - scale of production, output level ~ al salariilor - wage level ~ al tarifelor - tariff level ~ de cheltuieli prevazute - cost standards ~ de dezvoltare economica - level of economic development ~ de rezistenta - (al cursului actiunilor) resistance level - de subzistenta - subsistence level ~ de trai - standard of living, living standard ~ maxim- ceiling ~ minim al salariilor - wage floor -- minim al ucui pret - {controluf) price iloor nod s.n. (imitate, de musurd penlru viteza) (mar.) knot nomenclator s.n. classified list; schedule ~ comercia! - trade terms ~ de export - bill/list of export goods, export list ~ de marfuri - bill/list of goods nomenclatura s.f. nomenclature ~ vamala - customs nomenclature nominal adj. nominal norma v.t. to standardize, to normalize normare s.f. standardization, normalization, rate setting/fixing normator s.m. rate setter/fixer, standardizer; taskmaster; (in constructii) quantity surveyor norma s.f. 1. standard, norm; (reguld) rule; (specificatie, prescriptie') specification 2. (de productie, consum etc.) rate; (a unui salariat, a unui serviciu etc.) work load ~ de consum - rate of consumption, consumption rate

NOR-NOV

235

~ de descarcare - discharge rate, unloading/lading rate ~ de descarcare a navei - (in tone) discharge tonnage rate ~ de incarcare - loading rate ~ de lucru - rate of work, job rate ~ de manipulare - (a marfurilor) handling rate ~ de operare - (a navei) handling rate ~ de operare a portului - port efficiency ~ de pierderi admise - loss allowance ~ de productie - rate of production, output standard ~ de timp - time standard ~ de transport - rate of transport ~ fixata zilnic - (cu plata zilnicd conditionatd de mdeplinire) measured day work ~ flexibila - flexible working hours ~ intreaga - whole-/riill-time work ~ nerigida - loose standard ~ orara - hourly rate ~ partiala - part-time work ~ pe gura de magazie - (mar.) hatch(way) speed norme de livrare - specifications for delivery ~ de procedura - (dr.) rules of procedure ~ de receptie - acceptance specifications ~ de securitatea muncii - labour safety rules, safety prescriptions/ regulations ~ tehnice - standard specifications a depasi norma - to exceed/to top/to overfulfil the work a sparge ~ - to smash the target notars.m. notary ~ public - notary public

notarial adj. notarial notariats.n. notary's office nota s.f. note; memorandum ~ de achitare/indeplinire a obli-gatiilor - (de cdtre o societate) memorandum of satisfaction ~ de asigurare provizorie -provisional note ~ de avizare - (corn., fin.) advice note ~ de avizare a scadentei - prompt note ~ de comanda - order note ~ de confirmare/recunoastere a datoriei (corn.) (SUA) due bill ~ de creditare credit note ~ de debit garantata - (prin care un bun prezentat drept garantie poate fi pretins de creditor ca plata a datoriei) secured note ~ de debit negarantata - unsecured note ~ de debitare - debit note ~ de livrare delivery note ~ de onorariu - note of fees ~ de plata - bill (of costs), account, cash note ~ de reinnoire - (ofertd de remnoire a contractului de asigurare) renewal notice ~ diplomatic^ memorandum, diplomatic note notifica v.t. to notify, to give notice notificare s.f. notification, notice ~ de anulare - notice of cancellation ~ de credit - credit note ~ de ,,nava gata de incarcare" - stem note ~ de ,,nava gata de operare" - notice of readiness nova tie s.f. (dr.) novation novatiune v. novatie

236

NU-NL'T

nil adv. no ~ salvezi, nu platesc - (conditie de baza a contractului de salvare) (mar.} no cure, no pay ~ se cere - (despre actiuni) (bur.) no bid nud adj. (despre o nava fdrd echipaf) bare nul adj. 1. (dr.) null 2. (far a valoare) null, worthless, of no value ~ si neavenit - null and void militate s.f. (dr.) nullity, voidness, invalidity "-' de drept - nullity in law ~ de fapt - actual nullity ~ de fond - substantive nullity ~ virtuala - construed nullify numai adv. only ~ daca este cauzat de - unless caused

~- fractionar - fractional number ~ impar/fara sot - - odd number ~ intreg - whole number ~ multiplu - multiple (quantity) ~ par/cu sot - even number numere cu doua cifre - (de la 10 la 99) double figures numara v.t. to number, to count (up); (a calcula, a socoti) to compute, to reckon nume s.n. name "- a! beneficiarului - name of the
payee

by
~ la comanda - to order only ~ pierderea totala - (asig. mar.) total loss only ~ pierderea totala prin interpretare (asig. mar.) constructive total loss only niimar s.n. 1. number; (cifrd} figure 2. (la garderoba) check; (la imbrdcaminte) size 3. (al unui ziar) issue ~ de identificare al contribuabilului (SUA) taxpayer identification number ~ de inregistrare - registration number ~ de ordine - running number "- de securitate al cardului - card security number ~ de serie/fabricatie - serial number ~ de vizite (facute de un reprezentant comercial clientilor sau potentialilor clienti) call rate ~ foarte mare - (la imbracdmmte) outsize

~ comerciai - business name, style ~ de familie -- family name - fictiv - fictitious name - social - corporal name, name of a firm/company ~ si prenume - full name numerar s.n. cash, ready/effective money ~ contra documente -- prompt cash against documents ~ disponibil - available/spare cash ~ in casa - cash in hand a plati m ~ - to pay in cash numerota v.t. to number' (pugi'lile unui registru) to folio numi v.t. (inlr-o fiinctie) to name, to appoint, to assign, to nominate; (i/itr-m post) to place numire s.f. (intr-o functie) appointment, assignment, nomination; (incadrare intr-un post) placement numismatica s.f. numismatics, numismatology nutret.s'.n. forage, fodder

0
obiceis.n. (deprindere) habit obiceiuri ale consumatorilor/tn materie de consum - consumption habits obiect s.n. 1. object, thing 2. (de studhi) subject (matter); (a! wiei cercetdri) object; {de activitate al unei
societdti) object 3. (interes) interest 4.

(articol, produs) article, item; pi. goods ~ al asigurarii - insurable interest ~ al contractului - purpose of a contract ~ al impunerii - taxable article ~ al litigiului - subject of an action
~ al proprietatii - (element constitntiv al activului patrimonial, identificabil si mdsurabil, corporal sau incorporat) property asset

(dr.) to bind v.r. to oblige/to bind oneself obligant s.m. (persoana fata de care altd persoana se obliga prin contract, creditor) obligee obligat adj. 1. (silit, constrans) forced, compelled 2. (prin contract) bound 3. (mdatorat) obliged, indebted s.m. (persoana care se obliga. prin contract, debitor) obligor obligatar adj. bond... obligatoriu adj. compulsory, obligatory, binding obligatie s.f. obligation; (legala) (legal) obligation; (rdspundere) liability; (de
serviciu) duty

~ asigurat - subject matter insured ~ in rise - (asig.) interest at risk obiecte de artizanat - handicraft - de familie - (care se transmit din generatie in generatie) (dr.) heirloom ~ desperecheate/disparate - odd-come-shorts ~ pierdute - (intr-un loc public) lost property ~ valoroase/de valoare - valuables obiectiv adj. objective; impartial, fair, unbiassed s.n. 1. (scop) goal, object, aim, design, purpose 2. (industrial) industrial unit/project ~ final - ultimate goal obliga v.t. 1. (a sili, a constrdnge) to oblige, to compel, to force, to coerce 2. (prin contract, angajamente legate)

~ cedata unui delegat/mandatar (dr.) vicarious liability ~ consensuala - (dr.) consensual obligation ~ contractuala - contractual obligation ~ executorie - operative obligation ~ financiara - financial liability ~ neconditionata - (dr.) absolute liability ~ oneroasa - onus ~ solidara - (dr.) joint and several obligation ~ unilaterala - (dr.) deed poll ~ viitoare - prospective obligation obligatii fiscale - tax liabilities ~ reciproce - (ale armatorilor in caz de coliziune) (mar.) cross liabilities ~ sporite - accrued liabilities obligatiune s.f. (fin.) bond ~ activa - (cu dobdndd fixa) active bond

238

OBL-OBL

~ -buldog (emisa de societdti strdine pepiata Marii Britanii) bulldog bond ~ chirografara - (dr.) naked/simple/ unsecured debenture ~ convertibila - (care, la scadentd, poate fi schimbatd, in anumite conditii, cu alte titluri, in loc sd fie platitd) convertible bond ~ cu castiguri - lottery/prize bond; (obligatiune municipald sustinutd prin veniturile proiectului finantat) revenue bond ~ cu cupoane - (de dobdnda) coupon bond ~ cu cupon zero - (titlu emis pe baza de scant, fdrd cupon anual) zero-coupon bond ~ cu discont (vdndutd sub valoarea nominala) discount bond ~ cu discont mare - (dar care oferd dobdnda mica) (SUA) deep discount bond ~ cu dobanda esalonata - (care creste gradual) deferred bond ~ cu dobanda fixa - debenture bond ~ cu dobanda variabila - escalator bond ~ cu ipoteca prioritara - (SUA) first mortgage bond ~ cu optiune - (obligatiune msotitd de dreptui de a subscrie, mtr-o perioadd data si la un pretfixat anterior, actiuni ale societdtii care emite imprumutui sau ale unei societdti mrudite) bond with warrant ~ cu premii prin tragere la sorti premium (savings) bond ~ cu rise mare - (cu dobdnzi inalte oferite in compensate pentru bonitatea adesea scdzutd a emitentului) junk bond

~ cu valoare nominala indexata in functie de inflatie - purchasing power bond ~ cu valoare nominala redusa (maxim 100 de dolari) baby bonds ~ de economii - savings bond ~ de reorganizare - (rezultatd din reorganizarea unui concern) (SUA) adjustment bond ~ de stat - (emisa de autoritatea publicd si reprezentdnd creante asupra statului) government/state bond ~ de tezaur - Treasury bond ~ directa - (fdrd optiuni de convertire) straight bond ~ extensibila - (pbligatiiine pe termen scurt care li oferd detindtorului optiunea de a o schimba cu o cantitate similard de datorii pe termen lung, inainte de o data specificatd) extendible bond ~ garantata prin alte titluri detinute de emiter-t - (SUA) collateral trust bond ~ generala/negarantata - (instrument de indatorare pe termen lung, care nu este garantat de o ipoteca asupra unor active) (SUA) debenture ~ guvernamentala - government bond ~ guvernamentala la purtator floater ~ indexata - (obligatiune a caret dobdnda si/sau pret de rambursare variazd in functie de un indice luat ca baza de indexare, oferind astfel protectie impotriva mflatiei) index (-linked) bond ~ intersanjabila - interchangeable bond ~ ipotecara - mortgage bond

OBL-OCU

239

~ ipotecara mobiliara - (SUA) chattel mortgage bond ~ in contui dobanzii - (obligatiune oferitd cdnd dobanda nu poate fi achitatd in numerar) interest bond ~ in serie - (dintrun packet de obligatiuni care devin scadente in am succesivf) serial bond ~ la purtator - bearer bond ~ municipala municipal/local authority bond; corporation stock ~ municipala cu dobanda flotanta -floater ~ (municipala) garantata prin incasarea unui impozit - special tax bond ~ (municipals) pentru dezvoltare industrials (SUA) industrial development bond ~ neamortizabila/perpetua - (cure nu are scadentd) irredeemable/perpetual/ undated bond ~ nominala - registered bond ~ participativa - (la beneficii in functie de rezultatele obtimste de firma emitentd) participating bond ~ pasiva - (fdrd dobanda) passive bond ~ platibila in devize - currency bond ~ platibila in moneda tarii in care a fost emisa - currency bond ~ purtatoare de venit - (la care se plateste dobanda numai dacd existd profit) income bond ~ retractabila - (care ii oferd detindtondiii optlunea de a o revinde emitentului la valoarea nominala, inainte de matiiritate) retractable bond ~ revocabila - callable bond

~ samurai - (emisa in yeni pe teritoriul Japoniei de cdtre agenti economici nerezidenti) Samurai bond ~ simpla/fara conditii - (de platd) single bond ~ transmisibila - transferable bond ~ unificata/consolidata - unified bond ~ yankee - (emisa in dolari pe teritoriul SUA de cdtre agenti economici nerezidenti) Yankee bond obstacol s. n. obstacle, impediment, drag; (barierd) barrier ~ fiscal - (excedent al bugetului fiscal) fiscal drag obstacole netarifare - (ansamblu de mdsiiri prin care se impiedicd sau se limiteazd fluxiil international de mdrfiiri in scopnl apdrdrii pietei interne de concurenta strdind si/saii al echilibrdrii balantei de plati) nontariff barriers ~ tarifare (ansamblu de mdsiiri care vizeazd fluxul de mdrfuri cu ocazia trecerii frontierei vamale a unui stat, cea mai importantd reglementare fiind aceea a taxelor vamale) tariff barriers obtine v.t. to obtain, to get; (a dobdndi) to acquire; (capital, fonduri) to raise; (comenzi, beneficii etc.) to secure; (profit) to realize; (un certificat, un brevet) to take out ocazional ad], occasional, incidental; (despre muncd) odd ocupa v.t. 1. (a angaja) to employ, to engage, to busy 2. (un post) to occupy, to come in, to fill 3. (a lua in posesie) to occupy, to take hold/possession of 4. (in mod ilegal/abuziv iin teren, o locuintd) to squat ocupants.m. occupier

240

OCU-OFE

~ ilegal/abuziv - (al unui teren, al unei locuinte) squatter ocupare s.f. 1. (angajare) employment 2. (a unui post) occupancy 3. (luare in posesie) occupancy, taking hold/ possession 4. (ilegald/abuzivd a unui teren, a unei locuinte) squat ~ a fortei de munca - employment ~ deplina a fortei de munca - full employment ~ temporara - (prin mchiriere sau arendare) tenancy oferi v.t. 1. (a da) to offer, to present 2. (a pune in vdnzare) to offer, to exhibit, to put up/to expose for sale 3. {a licitd) to bid; (a face oferte pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) to tender 4. (explicatii, referinte, probe etc.) to furnish ~ mai mult decat cineva - to improve on smb.'s offer ofertant s.m. offerer; (licitanf) bidder; {pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) tenderer oferta s.f. 1. offer; supply; (licitare) bid, bidding; (pentru furnizarea de mdrfuri, servicii) tender 2. (in plic inchis, la licitatie) ticket ~ acceptabila - reasonable offer ~ agregata/globala - (cantitatea totald de bunuri economice disponibild pentru vdnzare la un anumit nivel mediu al preturilor intr-o perioadd determinata) aggregate supply ~ alternative - alternative offer ~ atractiva - attractive offer ~ avantajoasa - {sub pretui pietei) underbid ~ avantajoasa de cumparare (pentru descurajarea altor ofertanti) preemptive bid

~ combinata - (oferta a unui produs care provine din doud sau mai multe surse ori metode de fabricatie; oferta de doud sau mai multe produse care satisfac acelasi tip de cerere, fiind inlocuitori apropiati unui pentru celdlalt) composite supply ~ complementara - (oferta de doud sauf mai multe produse care sunt rezultatiil aceluiasi proces de productie) complementary/joint supply ~ concurentiala - (situatie in care mijioacele de productie sunt limitate, iar producdtorii a doud sau mai multe mdrfuri concureazd pentru utilizarea lor) competitive supply ~ cuprinzatoare/detaliata comprehensive offer ~ de capital - capital supply ~ de cumparare - (fdcutd furnizorului, angrosistului) purchase offer; (de actiuni) tender offer ~ de livrar : - tender of delivery ~ de moncda - (punerea in circulatie de monedd noud de cdtre institutiile morietare specializate) money supply ~ de mostre gratuite - trial offer ~ de plata - tender of payment ~ de preluare - (a unei societdti fdcutd actionarilor acesteia) takeover bid ~ de titluri financiare - supply of securities ~ de transport maritim - shipping bid ~ de valuta - (disponibilitdti valutare care pot fi vdndute pe piatd, m conditiile unui anumit curs de schimb) foreign currency supply ~ efectiva (oferta ce confine toate elementele unui contract - obiect, pret, termene etc. -, astfel incut acceptarea mtocmai de. cdtre parti sd aibd

OFE-OLI

241

valoarea unui contract mcheiat) actual supply ~ excedentara - (care depdseste cerered) excess offer, sellers over ~ fara angajament free offer ~ ferma - firm offer ~ m bloc - block offer ~ inchisa - (la licitatie) ticketing, sealed tender ~ incruci^ata - cross offer ~ insotita de mostre - sample offer ~ la pret scazut - low offer ~ nespecificata - blind offer ~ pentru inceperea negocierilor -tentative offer ~ publica - public offer ~ publica de cumparare - (procedura prin care o societate propune in mod public actionarilor unei alte societati, pe care doreste so. o controleze, sd rdscumpere, la un pret superior celui cotat la bursa, actiunile pe care acestia Ie detin) takeover bid ~ publica de schimb - (procedura bursierd care constd m oferta de scliimbare a actinnilor unei societati contra titlurilor altei societati} offer for exchange of shares ~ publica initiala - (de actiuni comune) initial public offer ~ secreta/ilicita - (coluziune, intelegere secretd a mai multor firme care sunt oficial in concurenta) level/collusive tendering ~ speciala (de produse la preturi scdzute) special offer ~ verbala - verbal offer oferte comune - (stabilite prin coluziune, simuldnd o falsa concurenta) common pricing

~ de serviciu - situations vacant, help/hands wanted a face o oferta - to make an offer a retrage o ~ - to withdraw an offer oficiu s.n. (birou) office, bureau; (al unei administratii) office; (sediu al unei firme} office; (agentie) agency ~ de brevete - patent office ~ de cliring - clearing house ~ de cliring bancar - banker's clearing house ~ de scont - acceptance house ~ postal - post office oficiul fortelor de munca employment agency/bureau, labour exchange, job center ofiter^.m. officer ~ de marina comerciala - mercantile marine officer ~ de punte (la navele comerciale) deck officer, mate ~ de vama - customs officer ~ secund - (la navele comerciale) chief mate/officer, first mate/officer, (master's) mate oleoduc s.n. pipe-line oligarhie s.f. oligarchy oligopol s.n. (sistem depiatd in care un numdr mic de firme mart asigurd cea mai mare parte a ofertei unui anumit produs, impundndu-si conditiile de vanzare-cumpdrare pe piata bunului respective oligopoly, sellers' monopoly ~ instituit prin coluziune - collusive oligopoly oligopson s.n. (forma a pietei cu o concurenta imperfectd, unde un numdr mic de firme mari solicitd cea mai mare parte a unui bun, acesta fiind oferit de mai multi producdtori-ofertanti) oligopsony

OM-OPE

oms.m. man ~ de afaceri - businessman ~ -reclama (care poartd pancarte cu reclame prinse in fata si pe spatele sail) sandwich man omul economic - economic man, homo oeconomicus oneros adj. onerous, burdensome onora v.t. (o cambie, un cec etc.) to honour, to meet onorariu s.n. fee, honorarium, pay ~ de angajare - (]->entru un avocat) retainer onorific adj. 1. (de onoare) honorary, of honour 2. (neretribuit) honorary opera v.t. 1. (a manipula, a actiona un utilaj) to operate, to manipulate 2. (a incdrca sail a descdrca o navd) to operate operare s.f. operation ~ de marfuri - (incdrcare, descdrcare, manipiilare, stivuire) cargo work ~ defectuoasa - (a mdrfiirilor) faulty operation operativ adj. operative, effective, efficient operativitate s.f. efficiency, efficacy operator s. m. operator ~ care face piata - (bur.) market maker ~ independent - (pe cont propriu) (bur.) trader operatic s.f. 1. (hicrare) operation; work, action 2. (calciil) calculation, reckoning 3. (financiard, bursiera) operation, transaction, speculation, deal ~ cu prima (tranzactie bursiera in cadrul cdreia iina dintre parti isi rezervd dreptui de a abandona piata in schimbul platii iinei s lime fixe achitate in avans, niimitd prima) premium deal

~ de acoperire - (tranzactie la bursa de valori sail de marfuri prin care se creeazd o acoperire in vederea executant angajamentelor asiimate, achizitiondndii-se ceea ce trebuie livrat la o data ullerioard - titluri, devize, marfuri) covering transaction ~ de arbitraj switch - (operatic de schimb intre o valuta forte si iina de cUring, transformarea nefdcdndu-se prin intermediul mdrfii) switch ~ fara profit sau pierdere - even deal ~ fiduciara - fiduciary transaction ~ portuara - (incdrcare, descdrcare, transbordare) portwork operatii a la baisse - (bur.) dealings for a fall ~ a la hausse - (bur.) dealings for a rise ~ bancare - banking operations ~ bursiere - stock exchange transactions, stock market trading ~ de leasing - leasing operations '- de masa - (servicii bancare standardizate destinate piibliculiii) volume (banking) business ~ de swap prin substituire de obligatiuni - (fin.) substitution (price) bond swap ~ economice - economic operations ~ financiare - financial operations ~ in numerar - dealings for cash ~ in virament - noncash transactions ~ la termen - (tranzactie bursiera prin care livrarea sau piata valorilor mi are loc in ziua incheierii tranzactiei, ci la o data ulterioard, fixatd anterior) foi"ward transactions/dealings ~ la termen cu marfuri - commodity futures

OPE-OPT

243

~ la transportui de marfuri (mcdrcare, descdrcare, transbordare, stivuire) handling procedure ~ la vedere - (tranzactie bursierd cu plata imediata) spot transaction ~ speculative - speculative operations ~ valutare - foreign exchange transactions ~ valutare la termen - forward exchange/deals ~ valutare la vedere - spot exchange/ deals operational adj. operational oportun adj. opportune, timely, well-timed oportunitate s.f. opportunity opri v.t. to stop; (a incetd) to cease, to discontinue; (a intrerupe) to interrupt, to break ~ platile - to cease payments oprire s.f. stop, stoppage; {incetare) cease, ceasing; discontinuity; (intrerupere) interruption ~ a functionarii - (unui utilaj din cauza uneipene de curent) outage ~ a pierderilor - (ordin cdtre broker de a vmde actiunile care scad sub o anumitd valoare) (bur.) stop loss ~ in tranzit - (a mdrfii de cdtre furnizor dacd cumpdrdtond este insolvabil) stoppage in transitu optimiza v.t. to optimize optimizare s.f. optimization ~ a raportului dintre stocuri - stock-ratio optimization ~ a valorii - (studierea fiecdrei etape din fabricarea unui produs in scopul reducerii costurilor de productie, fdrd a afecta calitatea acestuia) value engineering

optiune s.f. (drept contractual de a cumpdra sau de a vinde prin bursa de optiuni, la o data si un pret fixate anterior, un anumit volum de marfuri, metale pretioase, devize sau actiuni; dreptui unui investifor de a-si schimba obligatiunile convertible sau certifica-tele de optiuni contra titluri de valoare, metale pretioase etc. in conditii stabilite anticipat; in cadrul unei emisiuni de valori mobiliare, dreptui bdncilor participante de a-si mdri portofoliuJ) option ~ a cumparatorului de a dubia -(pptiune care u da drept cumpd-rdtorului sd cumpere un packet dublu de actiuni fata de eel convenif) buyer's option to double, call-of-more option ~ a vanzatorului de a dubia -(pptiune care ii da drept vdnzdtondui sd vdndd un packet dublu de actiuni fata de eel convenif) seller's option to double, put-of-more option ~ acoperita (contract de optiune garantat cu actiunile unui titlu de valoare suport) covered option ~ americana - {care poatefi exercitatd oricdnd inainte de sfdrsitui exer-citiului) American option ~ cu pret de exercitiu identic sau apropiat cursului pietei - on-the-money option ~ cu pret de exercitiu inferior cursului pietei - in-the-money option ~ cu pret de exercitiu superior cursului pietei - out-of-the-money option - de apel/cumparare - (optiune de cumpdrare a unui activ la un pret de exercitiu specificat} call (option)

244

OPT-ORA

~ de plata - (pentru o politd de asigurare) settlement option ~ de vanzare - (optiune de vdnzare a unui activ la un pret de exercitiu specified!) put (option) ~ descoperita - (care nu are acoperire in titluri de valoare) naked option ~ dubla/mixta - (stelaj, optiune care da drept deopotrivd de cumparare si vanzare) put-and-call/double option, straddle ~ europeana - {care nu poate fi exercitatd inainte de sfdrsitui exercitiu lit i) European option ~ in devize - currency option ~ pentru o zi/de pe o zi pe alta - day-to-day option ~ tripla - (care este o optiune dubid plus alte optiuni combinate) triple option, strap ~ unica - (care da drept fie de cumparare, fie de vdnzare) single option orar adj. hour..., hourly s.n. (program) schedule, timetable ora$ s.n. town; (in Anglia, oras mare; in SUA, orice oras) city ~ comercial - trade town ~ de frontiera - frontier town ~ dependent de o intreprindere (pentru locuri de muncd, furnizare de cdldurd etc.) company town ~ maritim - maritime/seaboard/seaside town ~ -satelit - (dependent economic de un oras mat mare) satellite town ora s.f. hour; time ~ de Tnchidere - closing time/hour ~ de maxima audienta - (la radio si televiziune, pentru publicitate) prime time

~ de vara - summer time; (SUA) daylight saving time ~ de varf- peak/rush/throng hour ~ locala - local time ~ -nava - (imitate de masura a duratei de stationare a navei pentru operare) (SUA) ship hour ~ oficiala - official hour, standard time ~ -om - (imitate de masura a timpului de lucru) man-hour ore de birou/serviciu - office/official liours ~ de lucru - (programul de lucru in magazine si biroiirl) business hours ~ de lucru normate - fixed-working hours ~ lucratoare/de productie - working hours ~ suplimentare - overtime (work), overwork, extra work ~ suplimentare obinuite/normale regular overtime ordin s.n. order ~ al agentului de Tncarcare - {mar.) broker's order ~ cu plata in numerar - {corn.) cash order ~ de a cumpara sau de a vinde la pretui pietei - (bur.) market order ~ de administrare - (a unei societdti insolvabile, ca alternativd la lichidarea ei) (dr.) administration order ~ de bursa - stock exchange order ~ de cumparare - (bur.) order to buy; (pentru a sustine cursul) supporting order ~ de cumparare in conditiile cele mai avantajoase - (bur.) order at best ~ de eliberare a marturilor antrepozitate - warehouse order

ORA-ORG

245

~ de tncetare a platilor - (ordin cdtre bancd pentru blocarea unui cec) stop order/payment ~ de livrare - delivery order; (mar.) ship's/freight release ~ de plata - payment order, order for payment/to pay; (mandat postal) money order ~ de plata simplu/neconditionat unconditional order ~- de ridicare a sechestrului - (dr.) restoration of goods taken in distraint ~ de sechestru - (dr.) garnishee order, distress warrant, writ of attachment ~ de vanzare - (bur.) order to sell, selling order ~ de vanzare sou cumparare la termen - (bur,) time order ~ de virament - order to transfer ~ deschis - (ordin de tranzactionare valabil pdnd cdnd este execntat sail anulat) (bur.') open order ~ legat/conditionat - (ordin de cumparare executable prin utilizarea prodiisniui vdnzdrii de titluri determinate) (bur.) contingent order ~ limitat (ordin de tranzactionare in limitele imei anumite jluctiiatii a cursurilor) (bur.} limited order ~ permanent - (ordin de plata dat de cdire un client bdncii sale, care va plali la intervale regulate impozitcle si datoriile titulamlui de cont) standing order ~ simultan (de cumparare de actiuni peste pretui pietei si de vanzare imediatd la acelasi prel pentru a Simula activitatea pe piata bursiera) matched order ~ vamal de transbordare transshipment pricking note

ordine s,f. order; sequence, succession ~ a prioritatii - order of priority ~ de zi - order/business of the day, agenda; (prezentatd in scris) order paper ordonanta v.t. (fin.) to order, to pass for payment ordonanta s.f. (/uridicd, financiara) order; (dr.) decree, ordinance ~ cu putere de lege - statutory order '- de blocare - (a unor conturi, a unor fondiiri) stop order ~ de plata - order of payment, pay order issued ~ de punere in posesie - writ of possession ~ de punere sub sechestru - (in caz de faliment) receiving order ordonatorA'./n. principal organ s.n 1. (dispozitiv, agregat) mechanism, device, unit 2. (organizatie, autoiitafe) body, authority ~ de conducere - managing body ~ de control - control authority ~ executiv - executive body ~ financiar - financial body ~ legislativ - legislative body organigrama s.f. organization chart, table of organization, flow-process chart, diagram organiza v.t. to organize organizare s.f. organization ~ a conducerii intrqirinderii management engineering ~ departamcntala/pe servicii. departmental organization ~ ierarhica - line organization ~ si conducere a productiei production control ~ si metode ~ (man.) organization and methods; (serviciu de consultantci pe

246

Idngd conducerea unei firme) systems and procedures organizatie s.f. organization; society, association; body ~ -corespondent - (institutie financiard care presteazd servicii pentru altd organizatie financiard') correspondence ~ flexibila - (man.) flexible organization ~ nonprofit - nonprofit corporation ~ orizontala - (tip de organizare in care autoritatea manageriald nu se transmite pe scard ierarhica) flat organization organizational adj. organizational

ORG-OTE

orientare s.f. 1. orientation; direction, guidance 2. (a resurselor pentru sprijinirea unor sectoare industriale prioritare) targeting ~ profesionala - vocational guidance orixonts.n. horizon ~ de planificare - (pe 5-10 ani} planning horizon otels.n. steel ~ aliat - alloy steel ~ -balot/de bandaje - hoop iron ~ calit - hardened steel ~ inoxidabil - stainless steel ~ turnat - cast ingot/steel otelar.y.w. steelworker otelarie s.f. steelworks

p
packet s.n. pack, package, packet ~ complet de actiuni - (pentru actiuni, circa 100 de actiuni, pentru obligatiuni reprezintd o valoare nominalu de 1000 USD) (SUA) round lot ~ de actiuni - (bur.) lot, block, stock - incomplet de actiuni - broken/job/ odd lot ~ mare de actiuni - (ciimpdrat sail vdiidut de un singur investilor) line ~ principal de actiuni - controlling interests pagina s.f. page
~ dactilografiata - (a unui document. cu 72, 90 sau 100 de cuvinte) (dr.) folio

~ produsa de raufacatori - malicious damage

paleta s.f. (plat forma mobila folositd la manipularea unor mdrfuri) (mar.)

pagini galbene/nationale - (anuar care cuprinde adresele tuturor institutiilor fi societdtilor comerciale) yellow pages paguba s.f. damage, prejudice; (pierdere) loss ~ accidentals - accidental damage ~ materials - material/property damage ~ prin aruncarea peste bord - (a
bunuriior navei) (mar.) damage by

jettison ~ prill contaminare - (a unor mdrfuri) damage by contamination ~ prin incendiu - damage by fire ~ prin manipulare - damage by handling ~ prin poluare cu titei - oil-pollution damage ~ produsa/ocazionata - damage done/incurred

pallet, cargo platform/stage/tray ~ de depozitare - warehouse pallet ~ de stivuire - stevedoring pallet ~ specializata - purpose-made pallet, special-puq^ose pallet ~ universala - general-puipose pallet paletizare s.f. (mar.) palletization, pallet operation pana .s'./.' (de marina, utilaj, mecanism) breakdown; (defectiune, avarie) failure ~ de curent - failure of electricity panica s.f. panic - la bursa - panic/flurry on the stock exchange panou s.n. panel; (avizier) board ~ de afise - bill/poster hoarding ~ de cotatii - (bur.) quotation board ~ publicitar - advertisement hoarding papetar s m. stationer papetarie s.f. \. (articole) stationery 2. (magazin) stationer's shop par adj. (cu sot) even paradisA'.n. (refugiu) haven ~ fiscal (tard care oferd reduceri importante de impozite) tax haven paradox s.n. paradox ~ economic - economic paradox parametru s.m. parameter parametri de exploatare - operating data ~ de functionare - operational factors parauta s.f. parachute

248

PAR-PAR

~ de aur (tip de contract de mimed, redactat de unii manager! pentru ei insisi, care prevede importante compensatii materiale in caz cd ar fi demist) (man.) golden parachute pare s.n. 1. (loc de stationare a autovehiculelor) car park, parking place 2. (totalitatea autovehiculelor de care dispune o imitate) fleet; stock, park ~ de autocamioane - truck fleet ~ de vagoane - rolling stock depot, waggon yard/park parcela v.t. to parcel (out), to lot (out), to plot parcela s.f. parcel, lot, plot; {data in arendd unei familii) allotment parcurge v.t. 1. (o distanta) to run, to cover; (o regiune pentru colectarea de comenzi sau strdngerea de voturi) to canvass 2. (o lista) to look down; (documented to go over, to run through parcurs s.n. run; (cursa) haul ~ gol/fara incarcatura - empty haul ~ in mile - mileage paria v.i. to wager, to bet; (a miza) to gamble paritate s.f. (fin.) parity, par ~ a puterii de cumparare purchasing power parity ~ - aur/metalica - gold parity ~ de schimb - exchange parity, par of exchange ~ de schimb intrinseca/metalica mint par/parity of exchange ~ fixa - fixed parity ~ glisanta - gliding parity ~ indirecta - (rata de schimb a doud valute calculatd prin raportare la o a treia) indirect parity pariu s.n. wager, bet

~ mutual-pan mutuel partajare s.f. 1. sharing 2. (a unui po:-t cu normd intreagd intre dot angajati cu normd redusd) twinning ~ a postului - (modalitatea de a impdrti o slujbd cu normd intreagd intre doi sau mai multi angajati cu normd redusd) job sharing ~ a timpului de folosire - {inchiriere simidtand de aparate si utilaje mai multor clienti in timp partajat) time sharing parte s.f. 1. part, portion; {care revine cuiva) share, lot; {bucatd) piece, fragment 2. {dr.) party ~ adjudecatara - {la licitatii) purchasing party ~ asigurata - insured party ~ civila --plaintiff ~ contractanta - contracting party, party to a contract, contractor, covenanter ~ indiviza - share in coownership ~ interesata - concerned party, party concerned, privy ~ in cauza - party to a case ~ in culpa - party at fault ~ in drept - party entitled ~ in litigiu - party to a dispute ~ prejudiciata - prejudiced party ~ semnatara - signatory ~ sociala - (fractiune din capitalul unei societdti cu rdspundere limitatd, reprezentdnd contravaloarea aportuhn iinui asocial, care li conferd anumite drepturi si responsabilitdti in cadrul socieldtii respective) share partener^./n. partner, associate; {intr-o tranzactie cu titluri de valoare) (fin.) contra

PAR-PAT

~ care iese din firma - outgoing/ retiring partner ~ de afaceri - business partner parteneriat^.n. partnership participare s.f. participation; sharing; {la o afacere, tin interes) concern ~ a salariatilor (termen general pentru a defini modalitdtile prin care angajatii pot participa la conducerea societdtii in care lucreaza) {man.) employee involvement/participation ~ directa - direct hand ~ la profit - profit sharing ~ optionala a salariatilor - (metodd prin care li se oferd angajatilor unei societati posibilitatea de a cumpdra actiuni ale firmei respective la un pret mai scdzut decdt cursul pietei) employee share option participatie s.f. 1. (forma de asociere) partnership 2. (la capitalul unei societati pe actiuni) share ~ a asociatilor - (cota-parte a fiecdrui asocial) partnership share ~ majoritara - majority interests ~ minoritara - minority interests particular adj. private particularitate s.f. peculiarity; characteristic (feature), salient feature ~ a unei activitati -job characteristic partida s.f. 1. (de marfd) parcel/lot of goods, batch, consignment 2. (/oc) game ~ de solduri -job lot ~ normala de marfuri - (bur.) regular lot ~ vagonala de marfuri - carload lot partial adj. partial adv. part(ial)ly pasager s.m. passenger; (intr-un vehicul public) fare

~ clandestin - clandestine passenger;

(mar.} stowaway

~ de clasa turistica - tourist-class passenger ~ in tranzit - transit passenger pasa s.f. (de navigatie) fairway, navigation/ship channel, waterway pasibil adj. (de) liable to pasiv.?./?. (cont.) liabilities ~ acceptabil - (utilizat pentru a calcula lichiditdtile unei band) eligible liabilities ~ curent - current liabilities ~ neprevazut - contingent liabilities ~ net - net liabilities ~ pe termen lung - long-term liabilities ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/quick liabilities ~ sub forma de depozite - deposit liabilities pasivitate s.f. passivity; resistance ~ a consumatorilor - consumer resistance pasaport^.n. passport ~ de serviciu - service passport ~ pentru marinari - seaman's passport ~ turistic - tourist passport patent s. n. patent, licence patenta v.t. to patent, to licence patentat adj. patent(ed), proprietary; licensed patenta s.f. licence, patent; certificate ~ de sanatate - (mar.) bill of health, certificate of health/pratique ~ de sanatate cu mentiune - (mar.) touched bill of health ~ de sanatate curata/fara mentiuni (mar.) clean bill of health patrimonial adj. patrimonial, real

250

PAT-PEN

patrimoniu s.n. patrimony patron s.m. employer; proprietor; boss patronat s.n. (association of) employers pauperism s.n. pauperism pauperiza v.t. to pauperize, to impoverish, to beggar pavilion s.n. (mar.) flag ~ al navei - registry ~ avantajos - flag of convenience/ necessity ~ de armator - burgee
~ de comert (arborat de navele

comerciale) merchant/trading flag ~ de companie - company/house flag - national - national flag/colours ~ strain - foreign flag ~ vamal - customs/revenue flag pacali v.t. (prin vdnzarea de rnarja de calitate inferioara) to fob off pacura s.f. fuel/black/buming oil paguba$ s.m. loser pagubi v.i. to lose v.t. to cause/to do damage to pamant s.n. (teren) ground; (sol) soil; (camp) field; (proprietate) land; (mosie) estate ~ arabil - plough land pasui v.t. to respite, to reprieve, to grant smb. a delay pasuire s.f. respite, reprieve, delay,
grace

~ de iuta/de sac - (pentru confectionarea sacilor de marfd) sackcloth, sacking, jute canvas ~ de prelata - tarpaulin canvas panzeturi s.f. pi. (albituri) white goods, linen peprep. per ~ anper annum ~ cap de om/persoana -per capita ~ comanda - (despre twine} bespoke - cont propriu - for one's own account ~ credit - on credit ~ luna per month, per mensem ~ mare (in timpul navigutiei) (asig. mar.) at sea; (referitor la mdrfurile in
expeditie) afloat

~ nava - (la bord) aboardship, ashipboard ~ om-ora - per man-hour ~ riscul destinatarului - consignee's risk ~ tona - per ton ~ uscat - ashore ~ verso - overleaf, on the back ~ zi - per day, per diem - zi lucratoare - (in mdsura in care starea timpului o permite) per weather working day pecuniar adj. pecuniary, moneyed, monetary pedologie s.f pedology, soil science penal adj. penal penalitate s.f. penalty; (pentru
mcdicarea unui contract) forfeit,

patruiidere s.f. penetration ~ pe piata - market penetration panza s.f. linen, cloth -- de ambalaj - packing cloth/linen ~ de doc - drill ~ dc in - (fblosita la confectionarea prelatelor) flax canvas/linen

forfeiture penaliza v.t. to penalize; (a amenda) to

fine

penalizare s.f. 1. penalization; (amenda) fine; (impusd de sinsiicat membrilor care mealed regulile

PEN-PER

251

acestuid) fine 2. pi. (in cazul neindeplinirii obligatiilor contractuale) retention money ~ contractuala - contract penalty ~ pentru cheiaj - (cdnd se stationeazd la dand peste termenul stabilif) dockage penalty pendinte adj. pending, abeyant, undecided, outstanding a fi ~ - to be in abeyance pensie s.f. pension, superannuation; (a unui functionar sail a unui militar) retired pay ~ alimentara - alimony ~ de invaliditate/pentru incapacitate de munca - disablement/disability pension ~ pentru limita de varsta - old age/ retiring pension ~ viagera - life pension/annuity pensii necontributive - (la fondul de pensii, contributia nefiind pidtitd de salariat, ci de firmd) noncontributory pensions ~ raportate la salarii - eamings--related pensions a iei la pensie - to be pensioned off, to retire (upon a pension) a scoate la ~ - to pension (off) pensiona v.t. to pension (off), to grant a pension, to superannuate v.r. to retire (upon a pension), to go on pension, to superannuate pensionar s.m. pensioner, pensionary, retiree ~ de stat - state pensioner ~ in activitate semiretired person pensionare s.f. retirement, superannuation

~ pentru limita de varsta - retirement on account of age/pension, mandatory retirement

pentrvi prep. for

~ numerar - (bur.) for money ~ ziua de lichidare - (despre tranzactii care urmeazd afi pidtite in urmatoarea zi de decontdri) (bur.) for the account penurie s.f. penury, scarcity, shortage percepe v.t. to collect, to gather; (im.po7.ite) to levy; (chine sail arendd excesivd) to rack percepere s.f. (de impolite) (tax) levy perceptor s.m. tax collector/gatherer perfecta v.t. (un contract, un acord) to conclude pericol s.n. danger, peril, hazard; (rise)
risk

~ de intrare pe piata - (rise pe care si-l asumd o firmd cdnd pdtrunde pe o piatd noud) threat of entry ~ de navigatie - navigational danger, danger to navigation/shipping ~ natural - natural danger perima v.r. 1. to be/to become out-of-date/obsolete/superseded 2. (dr.) to lapse, to become out-of-date perimat adj. 1. out-of-date, outdated, obsolete, superseded 2. (dr.) lapsed perimetru s.n. perimeter; area ~ de explorare - exploration lease ~ petrolifer - oil(-producing) area perioada s.f. period ~ analizata - (fin.) period under review ~ de amortizare - payoff period ~ de conversie a stocurilor - (timpul mediu necesar pentru a convert! materiile prime in produse finite si pentru a Ie vinde) inventory conversion period ~ de functionare efectiva - on-cycle

252

PER-PER

~ de gratie - period/days of grace, grace period ~ de inactivitate - outage ~ de maturitate - (a wiei. cambii) tenor ~ de proba - trial period; (a unui angajat) probationary period - de reaprovizionare - (timpul dintre comandd ,y; livrare) replenishment lead time ~ de recuperare a investitiei payback period ~ de scutire de impozite - tax holiday '-- de stagnare - slack period ~ de subscriptie - subscription period ~ de tranzitie - transition period ~ medie de colectare - (yaloarea medie a conturilor de creante exprimatd in zile) (Jm.) average collection
period

perisabil adj. perishable perisabilitate s.f. perishability, perishableness permanent adj. permanent; (despre un comitet, un contract etc.) standing adv. permanently; always ~ in stare de piutire - (conditie de navlosire) (mar.) always afloat - in stare de piutire sau esuat fara pericol - always afloat or safely aground ~ in stare de piutire sigura - always safely afloat permis adj. allowed, permitted s.n. permit; licence; authorisation; {de liber a trecere) pass; (de incarcare, descdrcare etc.) release ~ de aprovizionare - (fdra plata taxelor vamale) (mar.) victualling bill

~ de cabotaj (cu scutire de taxe vamale pentru provizii) (mar.) bill of sufferance; transire ~ de conducere auto -driving licence ~ de debarcare - landing permit ~ de descarcare - discharging permit, permit to unlade ~ de export - export licence ~ de iesire sau de intrare in doc -dock pass ~ de imbarcare - shipping note ~ de incarcare - loading permit. permit to lade, release for shipment ~ de libera trecere safe-conduct ~ de livrare a marfli freight release ~ de marfuri antrepozitate - (mar.) dandy/pricking note ~ de munca - (intr-o tard strdind) work permit ~ de navigatie - navigation permit ~ de pescuit - fishing licence ~ de plecare - (a navei) sailing permit ~ de ridicare a marfurilor - (din depozit) demand pass, pass of goods ~ de scoatere din vama - (a marfurilor) bond/cartage note ~ de transbordare - tran(s)shipment delivery order ~ de tranzit - transit permit ~ vamal customs permit; (mar.) dandy/pricking note ~ vamal de descarcare - (mar.) land/landing order - vamal de eliberare a marfii din depozit - warehouse withdrawal permit, warehouse keeper's order' release ~ vamal de incarcare - (mar.) jerk/jerque/stamp note, shipping bill. entry out

PER-PER

253

~ vamal special - (de descdrcare a mdrfurilor perisabile mainte de controlul vamal) (mar.) request note permite v.t. to permit, to allow peron s.n. platform ~ de sosire - arrival platform perpetuitate s.f. (flux de plati viiloare egale estimat sd continue vesnic) {fin.) perpetuity persoana s.f. person, individual ~ angajata permanent-jobholder ~ angajata temporar - casual ~ care acorda autorizatii/licente licenser, licensor ~ care da cu chirie sau in arenda lessor ~ care face munci ocazionale - odd hand/man ~ care face o oferta - offerer, offerer ~ care ia in posesiune ilegala disseisor ~ care Tsi asuma riscul - (unei investitii) risk taker ~ care nu isi indeplineste obligatiile/ angajamentele - defaulter ~ care preia ilegal un teren - claim-jumper ~ care renunta - (la un drept) disclaimer ~ care supraliciteaza - improver upon an offer ~ care vinde fara acoperire - (actiuni, mdrfuri) (bur.) short ~ careia i se aloca actiuni/titluri de valoare - allottee ~ careia i se face o oferta - offeree ~ careia ii revine o parte - (in urma unuipartaj) distributee ~ cu semnatura autorizata pe cec cheque signer ~ decedata fara testament - intestate

~ deposedata ilegal - disseisee ~ fizica - natural person ~ fizica sau juridica care incearca sa obtina controlul asupra unei societati - (prin cumpdrarea masiva i brusca de actiuni) (bur.) (corporate) raider ~ fizica sau juridica desemnata sa administreze tranzactiile de actiuni ca titular - (astfel meat proprietarul real sd rdmdnd necunoscut) {bur.) nominee ~ foarte importanta - very important person ~ impozabila - leviable person ~ in cautare de solduri/ocazii bstrgain hunter ~ juridica - legal/juristic(al)/artificial/ fictitious person, legal entity, corporate body, body corporate; (client al unei band) corporate customer ~ numita - (intr-o functie) appointee ~ oficiala - official ~ particulars - private person ~ scutita - (de impozite etc.) exempt personal adj. personal; (individual) individual; (particular) private s.n. personnel, staff ~ administrativ/de birou - office/ clerical staff calificat - skilled personnel; qualified/trained staff ~ care nu are dreptui la ore suplimentare - exempt personnel ~ care nu beneficiaza de vechimea in munca - exempt personnel ~ cu serviciu exterior - outdoor staff ~ de conducere - managing staff ~ de exploatare/deservire - operating personnel ~ de supraveghere - supervisory personnel

254

PER-PET

~ de teren - field personnel ~ functionaresc - clerical personnel ~ imbarcat/navigant - seafaring personnel ~ permanent - permanent/regular personnel ~ portuar - port personnel ~ supranumerar - redundant personnel, deadwood ~ tehnic - technical personnel personalitate s.f. personalty ~ juridica - legal status "< pescador s.n. fishing cutter/vessel pescaj s.n. (mar.) draught; (SUA) draft ~ admisibil - permissible draft/ draught, allowable draft/draught ~ de bord liber - freeboard draft/draught ~ de exploatare - operating draft/ draught, service draft/draught ~ de mcarcare - cargo draft/draught ~ de nava neincarcata - no-load draft/draught, light draft/draught ~ de plecare - sailing draft/draught ~ de plina mcarcare - full-load draft/draught ~ in balast - ballast draft/draught ~ mare - deep draft/draught, heavy draft/draught ~ proiectat - designed draft/draught ~ redus - easy draft/draught, reduced draft/draught pescar s.m. fisherman; (cu unditd) angler; (de coasta) shoreman pescarie s.f. 1. (pescuit) fishing 2. (negot) fish trade; (piata de peste) fish market 3. (produse) fish 4. (cherhana) fishery pescui v./. to fish; (cu unditd) to angle; (cu traulul) to trawl; (cu ndvodul) to seine; (balene) to whale

pescuit s.n. fishing, fishery ~ comercial - commercial fishing ~ costier - coast(ing) fishery, inshore fishing/fisher}7 ~ de balene - whale fishery, whaling ~ fluvial - river fishery ~ industrial - fishing trade ~ maritim - marine/sea fishery, pelagic fishing ~ oceanic/in larg - deep-sea fishery/ fishing, pelagic fishing ~ pe platoul continental - offshore fishery ~ prin traulare - (fish) trawling ~ sezonier - season fishing peste prep. over; above ~ balustrada navei - (formula dintr-un conosament care aratd cd responsabilitatea armatorului fata de caric mcepe cdnd incdrcdtura trece de balustrada navei) (mar.) over ship's rail ~ paritate/valoarea nominala (despre actiuni) (bur.) supra pari, above par pesin adv. in cash, in ready money; (in special despre un avans, urmat de plata in rate) down petitie s.f. petition, application a face o ~ - to submit an application petitionar s.m. petitioner, applicant, solicitor petrochimic adj. petrochemical petrochimie s.f. petrochemistry petrodolari s.m. pi. petrodollars petrol s.n. petroleum, (mineral) oil, naphtha ~ brut crude petroleum/oil/naphtha petrolier adj. oil... s.n. (oil) tanker. petroleum carrier/ship/tanker, tank ship/vessel, oil-carrying ship/vessel

PET-PIA

255

~ combinat - (petrol-minereu) oil-ore carrier; (mdrfuri m vrac-petrol) bulk--oil carrier; (cereale-petrol) grain tanker ~ de benzina - gasoline carrier/tanker ~ de cabotaj - coastal tanker; inshore oil-tank ~ de cabotaj mic - inshore oil-tank ~ de produse albe - white products tanker, clean products ship/vessel, refined products carrier ~ de produse chimice - chemical tanker ~ de produse negre - black products tanker, dirty ship/tanker ~ de tonaj foarte mare - (peste 160000 tdw} very large crude carrier, superlarge/supersize tanker ~ de tonaj mare - large crude carrier, large capacity tanker ~ de tonaj mediu - intermediate tanker ~ de titei - crude oil carrier/tanker ~ ,,mamut" - (peste 400000 tdw) ultralarge crude carrier ~ oceanic - ocean-going tanker ~ - portcontainer - tanker-container ship/vessel ~ universal - general-purpose/versatile tanker petrolifer adj. oil(-bearing) petrovaluta s.f. petrocurrency pfund s.m. (imitate de mdsurd pentru greutate) pound piatra s.f. (pentru incercat titrul aliajelor de metale pretioase} touchstone piata s.f. market ~ a acceptelor - acceptance market ~ a bunurilor si a serviciilor - goods and services market ~ a creditelor - credit market

~ a cumparatorului - (piata pe care cumpdrdtorii pot exercita preshini asupra cursurilor, astfel meat nivelul cotatiilor sd scada) (bur.) buyer's market ~ a emisiunilor - (fin.) issue market ~ a factorilor de productie - factor market - a fortei de munca - labour market ~ a imprumuturilor rambursabile la cerere - call market ~ a navlosirilor si a Tnchirierilor charter/chartering market ~ a noilor emisiuni (piata actiunilor societdtilor devenite publice recent) (bur.} new issue market ~ a petrolului oil market ~ a produsului - product market ~ a scontului neoficial - (fin.) open discount market ~ a vanzatorului - (piata pe care vdnzdtorii pot exercita presiuni asupra cursurilor, astfel meat nivelul cotatiilor sd creased) (bur.) seller's market ~ activa - active/lively/brisk market ~ angro/generala - wholesale market ~ calma easy/quiet market ~ captiva (grup de consumatori care nu pot evita activitdtile publicitare, de marketing sau nu an de ales intre mai miilte oferte) captive market ~ cenusie - (piata cu activitate legald, insa cu preturi mari datoritd ofertei scdzute de mdrfuri; piata in cadrul cdreia handle dintr-un sindicat de garantie si plasament si intermediarii jmanciari cumpdrd titluri in bloc} (corn., fin.} grey market ~ concurentiala - competitive market controlata/inchisa - one-man market

256

PIA-

~ cu cotatii bune - {atdt la vdnzare, cat si la cumpdrare) two-sided market ~ cu plata in numerar la livrare -spot market ~ cu preturi instabile - (pentru cd oferta este mai mare decdt cererea) soft market ~ de cereale - grain/corn market ~ de desfacere - (sales) outlet ~ de desfacere de proba - test market ~ de marfuri {mai ales de alimente si materu prime) commodity market ~ de metale pretioase - {sub forma, de lingourl) bullion market ~ de navluri - freight market ~ de obligatiuni - bond market ~ de produse produce market ~ de scont - discount/bill market ~ deschisa/libera - open market ~ externa - external/foreign market ~ extrabursiera a titlurilor de valoare unlisted securities market ~ ferma firm/strong market ~ financiara/de capital - (locul teoretic de intdlnire a ofertei cu cererea de capitaluri pe termen mediu si lung a agentilor economic!) financial/finance/capital market ~ fluctuanta - uncertain/mercurial market ~ futures/a livrarilor la termen -futures market ~ globala - global/mass market ~ imobiliara - real estate market ~ imperfecta - {cu conciirentd imperfecta) imperfect market ~ inactiva/stagnanta inactive/ flat/ idle/dull/stagnant/sluggish market ~ institutionala - institutional market ~- interbancara - interbank market ~ internationala - international market

~ interna - intemal/home/dome market ~ ipotecara - mortgage market ~ in crestere - {cu tendinta de create a preturilor) rising market; {bur.) baBi market j ~ in depresiune/scadere - depressed? sagging/down market; {bur.) bear market ~ in regresie - shrinking market ~ inchisa - closed market ~ la termen - forward market: (Za bursa de marfuri) terminal market ~ larga - (piatd pe care se inregis-! treazd tranzactii continue si cursunie ' nu aufluctuatii mari) broad market ~ libera/deschisa - free market ~ lichida - (fin.) liquid market ~ moarta - dead market ~ mondiala - world market ~ monetara - {piatd specified ce are drept obiect al tranzactiei moneda sub' toate formele ei) money market ~ nationals - national market ~ neagra - black/underground market ~ neoHciala - unofficial/outside market; {extrabursiera) unlisted/curb over-the-counter market; (SUA) off-board market ~ organizata/oHciala - organized market ~ paralela - {la preturi mai ridicaie. cu livrare imediata) parallel market ~ perfecta - {cu competitie perfect perfect market ~ potentials - potential market ~ primara - {piatd pe care sunt tran- \ zactionate pentru prima oard titliirue: de valoare nou emise) primary market

T
PIA-PIA PIA-PIE
257

~ profitabila - (pe care mdrfurile se vdnd rapid si cu profit bun) ready market ~ publica - market overt ^ restransa/Iimitata - stringent/ limited market; (pe care unui sail mai imilti. producdtori an decis sd-si limiteze vdnzdrile) restricted market; (cu putine tranzactii si fluctuatii man ale cursurilor) (bur.) narrow/thin market ~ secundara - (piatd pe care simt Iranzactionate titlurile care nu figureazd pe lista cotatiilor oficiale) secondary market ~ slaba - weak market ~ specializata - (piatd pe care cotatiile sunt disponibile fie pentru ofertd, fie pentru cumpdrare) (bur.) one-sided/-way market ~ specifica - specific market ~ speculative - speculative market ~ spot/a disponibilului - (tranzactie de mdrfuri sail de monedd cu livrare imediatd si cu plata in numerar sail in mdrfuri disponibile) spot market ~ stabila - steady market ~ supraevaluata - (bur.) overbought market ~ supraincarcata - glutted market ~ tertiara - (piatd pe care actiunile cotate sunt tranzactionate direct intre broker si client) (SUA) third market ~ -tinta - target market ~ unica - single market ~ valutara - foreign exchange market ~ valutara la termen - forward exchange market piete complete - (portofolii care cuprind orice tip dorit de cdstigiiri) (fin.) complete markets

~ consolidate geografic - (tranzactiile biirsiere mondiale) geographically consolidated markets ~ continue - (piete financiare care permit ca operatiile sd fie executate oricdnd in deciirsiil iinei zile de tran-zactionare) continous markets ~ fragmentate geografic - (tranzactiile bursiere realizate pe diferite piete geografice sunt combinate pe o piatd centralizatd prin computer) geographically fragmented markets a crea o piata - to make a market a provoca panica pe ~ - to raid into the market pichet^./i. picket ~ de greva strike picket pichetare s.f. (de cdtre grevisti, demonstranti) picketing picior s.n. (imitate de mdsiird pentru liingime) foot ~ -cherestea - board-foot measure ~ de ulaj ullage foot/stick pierde v.t. 1. to lose; (trenul, ocazia etc.) to miss; (timpiil) to waste 2. (bani prin investitii nerentabile) to sink 3. (la jocuri de noroc) to gamble away 4. (drept'ul la) to forfeit v.i. to lose pierdere s.f. loss; waste, wastage; (pagiibd) damage ~ a navlului - (ca urmare a indisponibilitdtii navel) loss of freight ~ a unui drept - (prin incdicarea unui contract) forfeit, forfeiture -' accidentals - accidental damage ~ aditionala - additional loss ~ bruta -gross loss ~ contabila - (pierdere rezultatd dintr-o depreciere a posturilor de activ sail o repreciere a posturilor de pasiv) book loss

258

~ de bani - (prin investitii nerentabile) sinking ~ de capital - (la vdnzarea activelor de capital) capital loss ~ de clientela - loss of customers ~ de curs ~ (pierdere survenitd prin cumpdrarea unui titlu si revdnzarea sa la un curs inferior) price loss ~ de forta de munca - (din cauza angajatilor care demisioneazd din motive personate) labour wastage ~ de greutate - weight loss ~ de translatie - (pierdere cauzatd de transpunerea situafiilor financier e din valuta filialei strdine in valuta societdtii-mama) (fin.) translation loss ~ deliberata/intentionata - (pent) u a evita plata impozitului pe profit) tax loss ~ din credite obtinute traudulos fraud loss ~ in avaria comuna - (as ig. mar.) general average loss ~ in avaria particulars - (asig. mar.) particular average loss ~ mare/grava - severe/heavy loss. ~ naturala/inerenta - natural wastage ~ nerecuperabila - (manifestare a ineficientei economice) deadweight loss ~ neta - net loss ~ partiala - (asig.) partial loss ~ pe hartie - (pierdere nerealizata) paper loss ~ pe mare - maritime loss ~ pe ultimul an - (reporlul p[aiii impozitelor datorate pentrii ultimul an, practical de fisc pentru o societatc falimentard, prin raportarea la profitui obtinut pe unul din ultimii trei am) terminal loss

~ prin contractare/u scare - (la iii-iele mdrjuri) shrinkage ~ prin interpretare/prezumata -(asig. mar.) constructive/presumptive loss ~ prin scurgere - leakage loss, loss due to leakage - reala - (asig.) actual loss ~ totala total/dead loss ~ totala a obiectului asigurat - total loss of insured object ~ totala interpretata/prezumata -(asig. mar.) constructive/presumptive total loss ~ totala reala - (asig.) actual/absolute total loss pierderi cauzate de furtui marfii - (; timpul transportului) (asig.) pilferage ~ de exploatare - operating losses ~ la depozitare - storage losses ~ neasteptate - windfall losses ~ prin credite neperformante - cred^i losses ~ succesive - succeeding losses pierdut adj. lost ~ sau nepierdut - (despre nava. mar/a) (asig. mar.) lost or not lost piesa s.f. 1. part, piece 2. (specimens specimen; (exemplar) copy 3. (mo-neda) coin ~ contabila/justificativa - (covering? voucher ~ de rezerva/schimb spare replacement/renewal part ~ detasabila removable part ~ uzabila - wearing part pinta s.f. (imitate de mdsurd penrr^ capacitate) pint piscicultura s.f. fish breeding/culture farming/husbandry pivnita s.f. cellar, vault

PIV-PLA -- vamala - bonded vaults plafon s.n. (nivel maxim) ceilin (extreme) limit ~ al datoriei - debt ceiling ~ al preturilor - price ceiling ~ al salariilor wage ceiling ~ de creditare - credit ceil ceiling/ agreement ~ valoric/descoperit - (stabilit cadrul operatiilor de cliring) swing in plafona v.t. to limit plaja s.f. 1. beach 2. {interval intre doua mdsuri, doua posibilitdti) spread ~ de licitatie (diferenta dintre pretui de licitatie si pretui ceruf) bid-asked spread plan s.n. plan, scheme; (protect) project, draft, draught, design; (program) program(me), schedule ~ al capacitatii de incarcare - (mar.) capacity/tonnage plan ~ anual - annual/year-to-year plan ~ cadastral - cadastral survey ~ cincinal - five-year plan ~ de activitati zilnice - day plan ~ de afaceri business plan ~ de amortizare - redemption table ~ de amplasare - (o suprafetelor de productie) floor plan ~ de ansamblu - general plan/outline; {de amplasamenf) site plan ~ de beneficii al salariatilor (fJarticipare la profit, pensii, asigiirdri de sdndtate etc.) employee benefit plan ~ de dezvoltare zonala - planned unit development - de economii - saving/thrift plan ~- de investitii - investment plan, expenditure capital plan ~ de incarcare - (cargoplaii) (mar.) cargo plan, loading/stowage plan

__________________________259

~ de incarcare completa - (a navei) deadweight plan ~ de invatamant - curriculum ~ de livrari - schedule of delivery ~ de marketing - marketing plan ~ de pensii - pension scheme ~ de pensii contributiv - contributory pension scheme ~ de pensionare - retirement plan ~ de pensionare dupa criteriul profesional - occupational pension scheme ~ de personal - staffing schedule ~ de perspective - long-term plan ~ de productie - production/operating/ output plan ~ de reabilitare/refacere rehabilitation plan ~ de reduceri - (acordate cumpdrdtorului in functie de termenul de platd in numerar) (corn.) settlement terms ~ de reinvestire a dividendelor (care permite actionarilor reinvestirea automata a dividendelor primite in actiuni ale societdtii platitoare) dividend reinvestment plan - de stimulare - (in salarizare) inventive scheme ~ de vanzare de actiuni salariatilor (unei firme) employee share/stock ownership plan ~ personal de investitii - (in titluri de valoare) personal equity plan ~ strategic - strategic plan planifica v.t. to plan; (a programa) to schedule planificare s.f. planning ~ a productiei - production planning ~ a sortimentului de produse product planning

260

~ a structurii organizatorice - (man.) organization planning ~ a structurii profesionale - (a personalului unei companii) (man.) career planning ~ bugetara - budgetary planning ~ calendaristica - scheduling ~ centralizata - central planning ~ corporativa corporate planning ~ economica economic planning ~ familiala - family planning ~ globala - aggregate planning ~ strategics - strategic planning plantatie s.f. plantation planta s.f. plant ~ furajera fodder plant '- oleaginoasa - oil plant ~ tehnica/industriala - industrial plant ~ textila - textile plant plasa v.t. (a investi bani) to place, to invest; (a vinde) to sell plasament s.n. (investitie) placement, investment ~ avantajos - eligible investment ~ dezavantajos - sinking ~ direct - (de titluri de valoare, jdrd interventia intermediarilor) direct placement ~ financiar - (cheltuiala de capital efectiiatd in vederea sporirii valorii acestuia prin diverse forme de investitie) financial placement ~ pe termen lung long-term/-dated investment ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/'-dated investment ~ privat - (emisiuni de obligatiuni care nil fac obiectui unei subscriptii piiblice) private placement plasare s.f. placement; (vdnzare) selling, sale

~ de actiuni lipsite de valoare - (bur. sharehawking, sharepushing plastografia v. t. to forge plastografie s.f. forgei-y plata s.f. payment, pay, disbursement; (a imei datorii) discharge, settlement(achitare/acoperire a cheltuieHlori defrayal, defrayment ~ a concediului vacation pay ~ a concediului medical sick pay ~ a contrastaliilor - (mar.) demurrage ~ a impozitelor sou a taxelor ratepaying ~ a salariilor in natura - truck system ~ a soldului - paynient of balance ~ anticipata - advance payment-payment in advance ~ contra documente - paymeni against documents ~ contra ramburs - payment forward ~ contramandata - payment countermanded ~ cu ora sau cu ziua - time wages ~ dupa livrare - payment after delivery ~ efectuata - outward payment ~ excesiva - overpayment ~ fractionata - payment in driblets ~ graduala a ipotecii - mortgage graduated payment ~ imediata in numerar - spot cash ~ integrala - full payment, payment in full ~ in acord pe iard de inaintare - [in mina) yardage ~ in alimente - (a muncitorilor^ tommy ~ in avans - advance paymeni. (iirmata de rate) down payment ~ in functie de productia realizata -payment by results

PLA-PLA__________________

____________________261 ~ pentru stivuire - (mar.)

stevedorage, stowage

~ in natura - payment in kind ~ in numerar - payment in cash; (formula pe un cec) pay cash ~ in numerar inainte de livrare cash before delivery ~ in numerar la comanda - cash with order -- in numerar la livrare - cash on delivery ~ ill numerar la prezentarea documentelor - cash against
documents

~ in rate - payment by instalments; {SUA) time pa^Tnent - la livrare - delivery on payment - la tennenu.l cuvenit - payment in due course - majora - (rata substantiald facutain contid unui miprumut} balloon payment ~ neagra - (catre un lucrdtor angajat fard contract de munca) black payment. ~ partiala - pan/parti a) payment, payment in part; (a unei datorii) payment on account - pentru antrepozitare - warehousing ~ pentru cointeresare/stimulare -(acordata conducerii unei societdti) enabling/goodwii] payment - pentru depozitarea in pivnite cellarage ~ pentru folosirea macaralelor cranage

~ pentm munca dificila - dirty money/pay - pentru onoare/sub protest - (a unei cambii) payment for honour/'.? upra protest ~ pentru ore suplimentare - overtime payment

~ pentru transportui feroviar railage ~ prin virament - payment by transfer, cashless payment ~ progresiva - progress payment ~ restanta - overdue/outstanding payment, payment in arrear - saptamanala - weekly payment ~ simbolica - (a unei mid parti dintr-o datorie pentru a demonstra ca dehi-torul recuuoafte ,J7 se angajeazd sd-fi plateascd datonile} token payment ~ suplimentara additional/extra pay - trimestriala - quarterage ~ ulterioara subsequent payment plati de transfer (pensii, ajutoare de f,omaj etc.) transfer payments - externe - external payments ~ internationale - international payments ~ periodice - periodical payments ~ preferentiale - (efectuate din averea unuifalif) (dr.) preferential payments ~ primite - payments received platforma s.f. platform ~ de antrepozitare - warehouse storage area ~ de foraj - drilling rig ~ de foraj marin - offshore drilling rig placuta s.f. plate placuta fabricii constructoare maker's name plate plati v.i. to pay; to disburse, to defray; (o datorie) to settle, to discharge, to clear, to liquidate, to make up; (un
onorariu) to fee; v.;. to pay

~ anticipat - to pay in advance, to prepay ~ cotizatii - (regulaf) to pay in

262

PLA-POL

~ daune/despagubiri - to pay damages ~ integral - to pay in full, to pay off ~ in cont curent - to pay in ~ in contui datoriei - to pay on account ~ in natura - to pay in kind; (salarii) to tmck ~ in numerar - to pay(in) cash, to pay/to put down, to cash ~ in rate - to pay by instalments ~ in rate mici - to pay out ~ la livrare - to pay on delivery ~ la timp - to pay up
~ peste - (tarif, valoare} to overpay

~ prin cec - to pay by cheque ~ sub - (tarif, valoare) to underpay platibil adj. payable; (la cerere) callable ~ cu anticipate - payable in advance ~ in numerar fara reducere - payable net cash ~ in rate - payable by instalments ~ la cerere - payable on demand ~ la livrare - payable on delivery ~ la ordin - payable to order ~ la prezentare - payable on presentation ~ la purtator - payable to bearer ~ la scadenta - payable at maturity ~ la vedere - payable at sight ~ prin andosare - payable as per endorsement platit adj. paid ~ anticipat - prepaid ~ in numerar si transportat de cumparator - (corn.) cash-and-carry platitor s.m. payer pledoarie s.f. (dr.) plea, pleading plenar adj. (despre sedinte, adundri) plenary

plenipotentiar adj. plenipotentiary pliant s.n. prospectus; folder plic s.n. envelope ~ cu fereastra - window envelope ~ cu salariul - (in numerar, incluzdnd si fisa de calcul a acestuia) paypacket plin adj. full ~ si la marca - (despre o na\a incdrcata) full and down plugar^.m. ploughman plus^./i. addition, extra; surplus ~ de casa - surplus in the cash plusuri si minusuri de casa - cash shorts and overs plusvaloare s.f. surplus value ~ absoluta - absolute surplus value ~ relativa - relative surplus value plutocratic s.f. plutocracy poanson s.n. stamp ~ de titlu - (pentru metale pretioase hallmark podgorean s.m. winegrower. viniculturist; vintner podgorie s.f. vineyard politica s.f. policy; (ca sistem) politics politica liberului schimb - free-trade policy ~ pietei deschise - (totalitatea tranzactiilor efectuate de banca central. pentru a actiona asupra masei mor.ctare si a stabiliza nivelul ratei dobd'.-

zilor) open-market policy ~ usilor deschise - (politica care pc"mite strdinilor sd desfdsoare acti\i:^ economicc sau sd emigreze intr-o (:':-mitd tara) open-door policy politica a cererii - demand policy ~ a nivelului de trai - standard of iii^ policy ~ a ocuparii - (care urmdreste mer^nerea si cresterea gradului de ocup^s

POL-PRO

263

a populatiei active prin asigurarea

locurilor de munca) employment policy ~ a ofertei - supply-side policy ~ agresiva de vanzari - aggressive sales policy ~ agricola - agricultural policy ~ antiinflationista - anti-inflation policy ~ antitrust - antitrust policy - bugetara - budgetary policy ~ comerciala - trade policy ~ concurentiala - (impusa de guvern pentru a combatc monopolwile) competition policy - de austeritate - austerity policy ~ de creditare a bancii - bank lending policy -" de credite cu dobanzi ridicate dear money policy ~ de dividende - dividend policy ~ de expectativa - (politico comerciala) wait-and-see policy - de marketing - marketing policy - de mediu - environmental policy ~ de personal - (a unei firme) personnel policy ~ de plasament/investitii - investment policy -- de preturi - pricing policy ~ de relansare - (economica) expansion policy ~ de relansare prin credit expansion-credit policy ~ de relansare prin oferta - supply-expansion policy ~ de restrictii bugetare - policy of retrenchment ~ de stabilizare - stabilization policy - de venituri - income policy

~ deflationists - policy of deflation, disinflationary policy ~ economica - economic policy; (specified unei anumite administratii) (SUA) deal ~ externa - foreign policy ~ fiscala - fiscal policy ~ industrials - industrial policy ~ inflationista - policy of inflation, inflationary policy ~ interna - internal/home policy ~ monetara - monetary policy ~ salariala wage policy ~ tarifara/vamala - tariff policy polita s.f. 1. (cambie) bill of exchange 2. {de asigurare} policy ~ de asigurare - insurance policy, policy of insurance ~ de asigurare a bagajelor - baggage policy ~ de asigurare a banilor in tranzit (pentru sumele transportate intre banci) cash-in-transit policy ~ de asigurare a caricului - cargo insurance policy ~ de asigurare a locuintei - household policy ~ de asigurare a navei - vessel policy ~ de asigurare a navei in constructie - builder's/construction policy ~ de asigurare a titlului de proprietate - (realizatd de cumpdrdtorul unui bun imobiliar impotriva unei eventuale contestdri in justitie, cdnd vdnzdtorul nu poate dovedi temeinic titlul de proprietate) (defective) title policy ~ de asigurare casco - hull policy ~ de asigurare colectiva - collective policy

264

PLO-POM

~ de asigurare de calatorie (asigurare medicald, impotriva furtului etc.) traveller's policy ~ de asigurare de viata - life (insurance) policy ~ de asigurare de viata conditionata de profitui actiunilor comune - (pe piata bursiera) equity-linked policy ~ de asigurare de viata fara beneficii suplimentare - without-profits policy ~ de asigurare deschisa - open policy/cover ~ de asigurare evaluata - {care specified valoarea interesuhii asigurat) (asig. mar.) valued policy ~ de asigurare flotanta - (in asigurdrile maritime si de incendiu) floating policy, floater ~ de asigurare generala general/comprehensive insurance policy, running policy ~ de asigurare impotriva incendiilor - fire insurance policy ~ de asigurare impotriva intreruperii afacerii - (cauzatd de tin accident major) business interruption policy, consequential loss policy ~ de asigurare impotriva pierderii profitului (prin inchiderea unei afaceri) loss-of-profits policy; (SUA) use and occupancy policy ~ de asigurare impotriva tuturor riscurilor - all-risks policy ~ de asigurare in bloc- (pentru diferite riscuri) blanket (insurance) policy; (pentru mai multe voiaje) (asig. mar.) block policy ~ de asigurare limitata - (care asigurd numai anumite riscuri) limited policy

~ de asigurare maritima - marine insurance policy, underwriter's policy ~ de asigurare mixta - mixed policy ~ de asigurare neevaluata - (care r.u specified valoarea interesului asignran unvalued policy ~ de asigurare nenominalizata - {:r. care primele sunt revizuite periodic ir. functie de modi/lean Ie intervenite ir. riscurile acoperite) declaration policy ~ de asigurare nominala - named policy ~ de asigurare pe termen - time policy ~ de asigurare pe voiaj - (asig. mar. voyage policy ~ de asigurare pentru cheltuielile medicale - medical expenses policy ~ de asigurare pentru raspunderea patronilor - (in caz de accidente de mimed) employers' liability policy ~ de asigurare suplimentara supplementary policy ~ de asigurare-tip - standard policy ~ de onoare/fara obiect asigurat (asig. mar.) honour/wager/gaming policy, policy proof of interest ~ de reasigurare - reinsurance policy. policy of reinsurance ~ mixta - (garantata de eel putin dona societdti de asigurare) composite policy polua v.t. to pollute poluare s.f. pollution ~ a apei - water pollution ~ cronica - (repetatd si de hingi.'. duratd) chronic pollution ~ fluviala - river pollution ~ marina - marine pollution pomana s.f. alms, charity; handout pomicol adj. fruit-growing

PLO-POM

POM-POR 265

pomicultor s.rn. fruit grower/farmer, orchardist pomicultura s.f. fruit growing/farming pompa s.f. 1. pump 2. pomp, ceremony pompe funebre - undertaking, funeral furnishers pont s.n. (in forma fie confidentiala la bursd, cursele de cai etc.) tip, hint, cue ponta v.t. to clock, to book; (marfuri) to tally v.i. to tally; to check in ~ la plecare (un salariat) to book off/out ~ la sosire - (tin salariat} to book in pontaj s.n. clocking, booking; (de marfuri) tally, tallying ~ defectuos - faulty tallying ~ la descarcare - tally of discharge ~ la incarcare - tally of loading pontator s.m. (de prezenta) time clerk/keeper; (de marfuri) tally clerk/keeper, tallyman popas s.n. (ban) inn popri v.t. to distrain, to sequestrate ~ bunuri pe cale judiciara to distrain upon goods poprire s.f. garnishment, sequestration populatie s.f. population ~ activa - active population ~ activa disponibila potentially economical active population ~ flotanta - floating population ~ ocupata employed/working/ occupied population ~ stabila/fixa - resident population ~ totala total population port s.n. harbour, port ~ aglomerat - congested port ~ artificial artificial/floating harbour ~ comercial commercial/trading/ mercantile port ~ continental - continental port

~ cu maree - (mchis la mareea joasa) tidal port/harbour ~ cu punct vamal - equipped port ~ cu rafinarie - refinery port ~ cu santier naval - shipbuilding port ~ de andocare - dock harbour/port ~ de buncherare - bunkering/fueling port ~ de canal - canal harbour/port ~ de descarcare - discharging port ~ de destinatie - destination port ~ de domiciliu/atas/inregistrare home/registration port ~ de escala - port of call ~ de expediere - (a mdrfurilor) dispatching/forwarding station ~ de import - port of entry ~ de incarcare - lading/loading/ shipping port ~ de lacuri - lake port ~ de livrare - port of delivery ~ de marfuri - cargo port ~ de minereu - ore harbour ~ de operatii directe din vagoane (fara depozitarea mar/if in port) rail port ~ de pasageri - passenger terminal ~ de plecare - port of departure, sailing port ~ de refugiu - port of distress/ necessity/refage ~ de sosire - port of arrival/entry ~ de transbordare - transshipment port ~ de tranzit - transit port ~ deschis - open harbour/port; (in baza tinui acord comercial) treaty port ~ destinat navelor retinute pentru contrabanda - port ofadjudication ~ exterior - outer harbour/port

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~ fara vama si antrepozite vamale unequipped port ~ fluvial - river harbour/port ~ nuvio-maritim - river-maritime port ~ industrial - industrial port ~ interior - inland/inner port ~ liber - foreign (trade) zone ~ maritim - maritime port, sea harbour/port ~ pescaresc - fishing/fishery harbour ~ petrolier - oil harbour/port ~ sezonier - seasonal port - sigur -- (din punctui de ve.dere al operam} safe port ~ terminus - terminal port ~- vamal - port of entry portabilitate s.f. (carac eristica a planurilor de pensii care pennite
participantilor sa-^i schimbe locul de mnnca, fara a schimba sn^sa de undo iff. vor pfinn beneficiile) portability

portofe! s.n. (pentru bancnote, carti de credit etc.} wallet portofoliu s.n. (fin.) portfolio "- agresiv - (actiuni pdstrate in
speranta cresterii valorii kr pentru

specularea iilterioara) aggressive portfolio - de active - asset portfolio ~ de comenzi neonorate - backlog/ stock of orders - de investitii - investment portfolio ~ de piata - (portofoliul tuturor oportunitdtilor disponibile de investitii) market portfolio ~ de riscuri - risk portfolio ~ eficient - (de pe frontiera eficientei) (fin.) efficient portfolio porto-franco s.n. free port/zone portuar adj. port..., harbour...

porumb s.m. maize, Indian (SUA) corn ~ in vrae - bulk maize poseda v.t. to possess, to QW! define) to hold posesie .s-./.' possession. O\\"GC tenure; (delmere) hokling --' de fapt - actual possession ~ incorporala - (propiictciie .1 umu drept legal} IIKOT] possession ~ intermediara - mediate posse<? ~ m virtrtea dreptului priM ocupant - occupancy "- Eegirinia - lawful possession - pe termen nelim'tat - perpetu.n' - precara - precarious tenure - temporara (inchiriere, arer,c occupancy a da m ~ - to give possession of a lua in ~ - to take possession of a pune pe cineva in ~ - to property in smb.; (ca most eni tor e'.c 1 institute a intra in posesia - to enter upofcome/to enter into possession of a reintra/a repune in ~ - to possession of, to repossess posesor s.m. possessor, owaaKS| (detinator) holder '1 ~ al unei carti de credit - cardholder posibilitate s.f. 1. possibility 2 M; (mijioace) means; (resurse) resourca? ; ~ de revocare - (care li penw" emitentului sd-si rasciimpere ?K/'yntf'i de valoare, la un pret speci^-cait.. j inainte de maturitate) call fefians. callability ~ de schimb - exchangeability post s.n. post, place, appointrr.
(shijba)]ob

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267

~ cu norma intreaga - full-time job ~ cu norma partiala - part-time job ~ liber/vacant - vacant post/job, vacancy ~ liber temporar - casual vacancy posturi tranzitorii - (cont.) accruals postdata v.t. to postdate, to backdate, to date forward poster s. n. poster post-restant s.n. paste restante; (SUA) (care ot) general delivery postal adj. postal, post... pota s.f. post, mail; (corespondentd) mail; (oficiu) post office ~ aeriana - air mail ~ electronica - electronic mail ~ interna - inland mail ~ rapida - express mail potential adj., s.n. potential ~ al pietei - market potential ~ de productie - productive potential ~ de vanzare - sales potential ~ de viitor - prospective potential ~ economic - economic potential povara s.f. burden, load; (greutate) weight ~ a datoriei - debt burden ~ a impozitelor pressure of taxation pozitie s.f. 1. position 2. (ampla-sament) situation, site 3. (sociala) standing, status, condition 4. [stare, sold al limit cont; in cadrid iinm portofoliu de titluri, numdru! de titluri ale aceleiasi societati; m cadrul operatiunilor de schimb sau de bursd, or din de cumparare sau vanzare m curs de execulie) position ~ creditoare - (cont.) creditor position ~ descoperita - (ydnzare fdrd aco-perire) (bur.) short position/ covering

~ pe piata - (a unei societati) share of market ~ sintetica (obtinutd prin tranzac-tionarea optiunilor, cat si a instru-mentelor care stall la baza acestora) (bur.) synthetic position ~ sociala - social standing, status, condition ~ tehnica - (referitor la situatia pe piatd a unor actiuni) {bur.) technical position practic adj. \. practical; (folositor, util) useful; (aplicat) applied 2. (despre o persoana) practical (-minded), matter--of-fact; (priceput) experienced, skilled practica v.t. to practise; to put into practice; (afolosi) to use, to employ ~ o profesie - to practise a profession practicant s.m. probationer; (stagiar) improver practica s.f. practice; (uzantd) practice, usage, use; (metoda) practice, method ~ comerciala commercialism, trade practice ~ de navigatie - navigational/sailing practice ~ in productie - plant practice practici comerciale neloiale - unfair trade practices ~ comerciale restrictive (actiuni ale societdtilor private sau de stat care practica o concurentd restrictivd neloiald) restrictive business/trade practices prags.n. threshold ~ de rentabilitate - (situatie in care incasdrile sunt egale cu costiirile, iar profitui este mil) breakeven (point) ~ de rentabilitate a numerarului -(prag de rentabilitate obtinut cdnd se scad elementele nemonetare - cele care

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nu reprezintd iefire de immerar - din costurile fixe) (fin.) cash breakeven point - de saracie - poverty level/line/ threshold ~ de trecere de la un post de specialitate la uq post de conducere (mail.) management threshold ~ diferential - (pragul reactiei
c'dmpardwului la stf/nuienti)

differential threshold a atinge pragul de rents bilitate - to break even prajiisa s.f. 1. (imitate de mdsrrd pentru lungmie) perch, pole- 2. (inHate de masurd pentru lungime f! suprafata) ro(o)d prealabil adj. previous, preceding preambala v.t. to prepack preaviz .';./;. (previous) notice, warning ~ de concediere - warning for discharge ~ de o saptamana - a week's notice a da im ~ - to give notice precapitalist adj. precapitalistic precedent adj. previous, prior precontract s. n. precontract preda v.t. to hand over, to deliver; (a remite) to consign; (a incredinta) to commit, to entrust with predare s.f. handing over, delivery; (remitere) consignment; (incredintare) commitment, entrusting with
~ altei nave - (prin transbordare) delivery overside

~ definitiva/reala - actual delivery ~ eronata/gresita - misdelivery ~- exacta - right and true deliver). ~ franco -- free delivery ~ imediata - prompt delivery ~ in minus - (fata de documenreie it' transport) .short delivery '- Tntarziata - o'verdue delivery ~ la bordu! navei - (mar.) delivery ~v. board - necorespunzatoare " (a actiiinilc-^
(inir.) bad dciive"/ ~ pestt" bord 1- (mar.) o^.'ers-A delive"y, discharging overside ~ priii t'ransbordare - deiive.-y '"' tran.'sfer ~ urgenta - express delivury predat adj. delivered ~ 111 ininus - (fata de documente!^ df trafiSpof t) .shon- landed predispozitie s.f. predisposino-propensity ~ strategical - (tendmia unei societal. de a nrma G anwnitd strategic pe baz^ activitdtii trecnte i a activelor sa!ei

~ conform uzului - customary delivery ~ de la bord - (mar.) outboard delivery ~ de-a lungul navei/sub palanc/sotto palanco - (mar.) alongside delivery

strategic predisposition predispus adj. (la) predisposed inclined to ~ la accidente - accident-prone preemptiune s.f. (dr.) preemption prefabrica v.i. to prefabricate prefabricat adj. (din beton) precast s.n. (in constructii} prefabricated part. precast unit preferential adj. preferential, preferred preferinta s.f. preference ~ a consumatorilor - consumer preference ~ frauduloasa - (price platd efecfuata
de cdtre un debitor, in infervalul de trei him la sfdryitui caruia e declarat falit.

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269

catre uiml dintre creditori in detrimental celorlaiti} {dr.) fraudulent preference ~ pentru lichiditati - [dorinia de a define bani licliizi} liquidity preference preferinte economice ale intreprinzatorului entrepreneur's economic preferences pregatire s.f training ~ de tehnica protectiei muncii -safety education ~ m cadrui intreprinderii - training within industry, m-house training '- in grup - group training - la locul de munca -job training ~ teoretica - desk training prejudicia v.t. to prejudice, to be prejudicial/detrimental to; (a lezd) to injure prejudiciu s.n. prejudice, detriment, disadvantage; (pagiibd} damage, loss; (moral} injury a cauza un ~ - to do a prejudice/an injury preleva v.t. (mostre) to sample, to take samples prelevare s.f. (de mostre) sampling ~ aleatorie de mostre - random sampling ~ de mostre in trepte - multistage sampling ~ de mostre pe grupuri - cluster sampling ~ de mostre reprezentative representative sampling
prelua v.t. (afaceri, datorii etc.} to take over

~ un rise - to assume/to take a risk preluare s.f. (de afaceri, datorii etc.} takeover; (absorbtie, preluare a unei
societdti de catre o aha mat mare}

absorption, combination ~ a controlului asupra unei societati

- (prm acumularea treptatd a

actiunilor de la midi actionari} (bur.} warehousing ~ ferma - (forma de plasament prin

care o bancd sail un grup de band

~ ilegal un teren - to jump a claim ~ o afacere/firma - to succed to a business ~ o functie - to take an office

preia, la un anumit pret, totalitatea unui imprumut si oferd titlurile prin siibscriptie publicd pe riscul sdu) firm/direct underwriting; (a actiunilor i-mise) taking firm ~ inversa (cumpdrarea unei societal! anonime de catre una cu rdspundere limitatd sail a unei societdti man de catre una mai mica) (bur.} reverse/ inverted takeover ~ lenta/treptata a controlului (asupra unei societdti} creeping control/takeover ~ ostila - (achizitionarea printr-o ofertd pe care conducerea societdtii vizate o respinge} hostile takeover prelucra v.t. to process; to work; (mecanic} to machine; (a uzind) to tool prelucrare s.f. processing; (mecanica) machining; (uzinare) tooling ~ automata a datelor - automatic data processing ~ integrata a datelor - integrated data processing prelungi v.t. (un termen} to prolong; (dr.} to continue; (viza, valabilitatea} to extend; (a reinnoi} to renew; (a amdna} to delay prelungire s.f. (a unui termen) prolongation; (dr.} continuation; (a

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PRE-PRE prestari de servicii - providing services presedinte s.m. president; (al unei adundri, al unui comitet, al unui consiliu) chairman ~ al consiliului de administrate chairman of the board (of directors/ board chairman presedintie s.f. presidency; chairmanship pretentie s.f. claim, demand; (nelegald, nefondatd) exaction ~ de despagubire - claim for damage ~ nefondata - bad claim ~ rezonabila - fair claim pretinde v.t. to claim; (a cere) to require ~ despagubiri - to claim damages pret s.n. price; (cost) cost; (cheltuiald) charge; (tarif) rate ~ ajustabil - sliding scale price ~ al biletului dus-intors - return fare ~ al bileti'lui simplu/de dus - single fare ~ al marfii la descarcare - (mar.) landed price ~ al navlului - charter money/rate, freight rate ~ al pietei - market price ~ al zilei - day's price ~ atractiv - charm price ~ brut - gross price ~ brut al marfii ~ gross value ~ ce include taxele vamale - duty-paid price ~ cerut - price asked, demand price; (pret la care un dealer va vinde acthmile pe care Ie define) ask (price) ~ competitiv competitive price ~ contractual - contract price ~ convenabil - fair/reasonable price

vizei, a valabiUtdtii) extension; (reinnoire) renewal; (amdnare) delay ~ a unei cambii - renewal of a bill of exchange ~ a unui credit - extension of a credit premia v.t. to award a prize to; (a rdspldti, a recompensa) to reward; (la salariii un functionar etc.) to give/to award a bonus to premiu s.n. prize; (distinctie, titlu etc.) award; (rasplatd, recompensa) reward; (la salariu) premium, bonus, bounty presa v.t. (a indemna, a zori) to urge; (cerdnd bani) to dun prescriptie s.f. 1. direction, regulation; specification 2. (dr.) prescription ~ achizitiva/pozitiva - {mod de dobdndire a proprietdtii prin posesia mdelungatd a unui bun) (dr.) aquisitive/positive prescription ~ extinctiva - (dr.) limitation of actions ~ negativa (mod de pierdere a proprietdtii prin abandonarea indelungatd a unui bun) (dr.) negative prescription prescriptii de calitate quality specifications ~ tehnice - technical specifications presiune s.f. 1. pressure 2. (exercitata pentru semnarea unui contract) (dr.) duress ~ a cererii - pressure of demand ~ a speculantilor a la baisse - (bur.) bear run ~ a speculantilor a la hausse - (bur.) bull run ~ a stocurilor de marfuri - inventory pressure ~ fiscala - fiscal pressure ~ inflationists inflationary pressure prestare s.f. carrying out

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271

- convenit/stabilit - agreed price ~ cu amanuntui - retail price ~- cu amanuntui recomandat - (de producdtor) recommended retail price ~ cu plata in numerar - cash price ~ cu reducere/rabat - discount price ~ cu ridicata - wholesale price ~ curent - current/going/ruling/ regular/standard price ~ de baza - basis price ~ de catalog - catalogue/list price ~ de conversie - (.pretui efectiv platit pentru actiiinile comune atunci cdnd sunt obtinnte prin conversia actiunilor preferentiale sail a obligatiunilor convertibile) conversion price ~ de cost - cost price, net cost ~ de cost antecalculat - precalculated cost price ~ de cost brut - gross cost ~ de cost contabil - book/accounting
cost

~ de cost efectiv - actual/real cost ~ de cost integral - (care include costiil de productie si profitui producdtorului) full-cost price ~ de cost pe unitate/unitar - unit cost ~ de cost pe unitate de marfa - single
cost

~ de cost total - total cost ~ de cost uniform - flat cost ~ de cumparare - purchase price ~ de dumping - dumping price "- de echilibru - equilibrium price '- de emisiune ~ {a titluriior) issue price - de exercitiu - (cursul la care cumpdrdtorul unei optiuni de cumparare sail vdnzare poate dobdndi sail ceda activul in cauza) (bur.) exercise/strike price ~ de export - export price

~ de fabrica - factory/prime/ first cost ~ de inventar - stocktaking price ~ de livrare - (care include toate cheltuielile de transport pdnd la punctui de livrare'} delivered price ~ de monopol - monopoly price ~ de oferta - supply price; (pretui la care sunt vdndute publiculiii actiunile comune) (bur.) offering price ~ de producator - manufacturer's price - de rascumparare - (a titluriior de valoare) redemption/repurchase price ~ de regie - force account rate - de revocare - (a titluriior de valoare, la un pret specificat, inainte de maturitate) call price ~ de sacrificiu/sub pretui de cost -sacrifice price ~ de sold - sale/bargain price ~ de subscriptie - subscription price ~ de soc/reclama - knockdown price ~ de vanzare/desfacere - selling price ~ derizoriu - knockout price ~ efectiv - (de tranzactionare a actiunilor) (bur.) actual price ~ exorbitant - racking/unreasonable price ~ facturat - invoice price fix/stabil - ferm/fixed/stable/ standing/strong/constant/set price ~ general/unic - blanket/flat price ~ global/forfetar - overall cost, lump sum price
- hedonic - (pretui implicit/evaluativ al fiecdrei caracteristici functionate a

mdrfii) hedonic price ~ impus - administered price ~ informativ - informative price

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PRE-PRE

~ initial/de strigare - (la Ucitatie) starting/reserve price; (SUA) upset price ~ integral - full price ~ intern/de transfer - (fohsit in
schimburile dintre sectoarele/diviziile unei companu multinationale etc.)

transfer price ~ in antrepozitele vamale - (inainte de vamuire) in-bond price ~ in care sunt cuprinse toate serviciile - inclusive terms ~ in crestere - rising price ~ incarcat/exagerat - loaded price ~ la deschidere - {bur.) opening price ~ la incarcarea in vagoane - price on rail ~ la tnchidere - (bur.) closing price ~ la nivelul pragului de rentabilitate - breakeven price ~ la termen - forward price ~ liber/nefixat - open price ~ liber de piata - free market price ~ -limita/-prag - (pret minim) threshold price ~ marcat/afisat - marked price ~ mare/ridicat - high price ~ maximal - (stabilit de guvern, permis de o lege) maximum price ~ mediu - average/mean price ~ minimal - floor price; (stabilit de guvern) minimum price ~ neoficial - (dupd inchiderea bursei) after-hours price; (la bursa neoficiald) kerb/street price ~ net - net price ~ nominal - nominal price ~ oferit - (la Ucitatie) bid (price),
bidding; (pret pe care un dealer il va plati pentrii o actiune) bid (price)

~ pentru vanzarea in rate - hire-purchase price ~ - plafon - ceiling price ~ prohibitiv/inaccesibil - prohibitive price ~ putin scazut - (pentru a atrage cumpdrdtori) shade price ~ recomandat de producator manufacturer's recommended price ~ redus - (drastic) cut price ~ redus in cazul platii in numerar price subject to a cash discount ~ scazut - low price ~ special - special price ~ spot/pentru livrarea imediata spot price ~ strans (cdnd intre pretui cerut s:
eel oferit este o diferentd mica) (bur.) close price

~ suplimentar - extra price ~ supraevaluat datorita penuriei scarcity price/value ~ sustinut^ubventionat - support subsidized price ~ tarifar/de referinta - tariff scheduled price, tariff/scale rate ~ - tinta - (pretui fixat periodic de CEE pentru produsele agricole) target price ~ total/care include toate cheltuielile - inclusive price
~ - umbra - (pret utilizat in situatia ii: care nu existd un pret al pietei, cum ar fi cazul tranzactiilor interne ale firmelor man etc.) shadow price

~ unic - flat price ~ unitar - unit price pretui eel mai bun/avantajos - (bur. i best price ~ eel mai scazut - bottom price

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273

preturi ale marfurilor in expeditie (mar.) prices afloat ~ diferentiale - (pentru acelasi produs pe piele diferite) differential/split prices ~ medii pe piata - market averages ~ mondiale - world market prices ~ ridicate/avantajoase pentru vanzator - seller's prices ~ sezoniere - seasonal prices pretui v.t. to value, to valuate, to estimate, to appraise ~ la - to set the price/value at ~ putin - to set a low value on pretuitor s.m. (evahiator) valuer, estimator, rater, appraiser prevedea v.t. 1. to foresee, to forecast 2. (a stipula) to stipulate, to provide; (prin. contract) to covenant; (cu fonduri) to furnish; {in bugef) to budget previziune s.f. (prognozd) forecast; (a cursului actiunilor) (bur.) outlook prezenta v.t. to present: (a oferi) to offer; (a da) to give; (a expune) to exhibit, to display; dm raporf) to make; (explicatii, referinte. probe etc.) to furnish; (pentru acceptare) to hand in ~ incorect/inexact - (date) to misrepresent ~ o oferta de furnizare de marfuri to tender for a supply of goods ~ scrisori de acreditare - to deliver credentials ~ un cec spre incasare - to present a cheque for payment ~ un plan spre aprobare - to submit a plan for approval prezentare s.f. presentation; (oferta) offer; (oferta pentru furn izarea de marfuri, servicii) tender; (expiiiiere) exhibition, display

~ a sarcinilor si a cerintelor - (speci-fice unui post) (man.) job specification ~ de produse sau servicii noi (retelei de distributie inainte de lansurea pe piata) selling in ~ -reclama - (a unei carfi fdcutd pe coperta acesteia) blurb prezida v.t. to preside at/over, to chair v.i. to be in/to take the chair prezumat adj. (estimaf) constructive prezumptiv adj. presumptive prezumptie s.f. (dr.) presumption ~ absoluta - conclusive/irrefutable presumption ~ de fapt - presumption of fact ~ legala - presumption of law prim num., adj. first prima adunare generala a actionarilor - statutory meeting ~ ipoteca - first mortgage ~ prima - (asig.) first premium ~ solicitare (prima trarisd pentru achitarea unui packet de actiiini) (bur.) first call primul esalon de conducere - (imediat superior salariatilor obisnuiti) first-line management ~ exemplar - (al unei cambii) first of exchange ~ intrat, primul iesit - (metoda de control al stocurilor care presupune cd mdrfurile cumpdrate mai deinult vor fi utilizate prioritar in procesul de productie) (cent.) first in, first out - semestru - (bur., cont.) first-half year ~ sosit, primul operat - (navele sunt operate in ordinea. sosirii) (mar.) first come, first served prima s.f. premium; (gratificaiie, bonificatie) bonus, gratuity; (subventie

274

guvernamentala acordald agriculturii, unor sectoare industriale, pentru sustinerea exporturilor) bounty ~ compusa (in asigurdrile de viatd) compound bonus ~ de actiune - (diferenta dintre pretui actiunii si valoarea sa nominala) share premium ~ de asigurare - insurance premium ~ de celeritate - dispatch money ~ de eficienta - efficiency bonus ~ de emisiune a actiunilor - premium on an issue/on shares ~ de export - export bounty ~ de inllatie (primd pentru inflatia aiiticipatd sail estimatd pe care investi-torii o adund la rata purd a rentabilitdtii) inflation/inflationary premium ~ de inflatie la rata dobanzii -interest rate inflationary premium ~ de munca in conditii de praf (la descdrcarea cerealelor, a cimentului etc.) dust allowance ~ de negociabilitate/lichiditate -(primd addugatd de investitori la rata dobanzii umii titlu de valoare pentru a compensa lipsa unei piete de tranzac-tionare a acestuia) (fin.) marketability premium ~ de optiune - (platitd de cumpd-rdtorul unei optiuni de cumpdrare) option premium ~ de pavilion - (mar.) flag share ~ de productivitate ~ productivity bonus ~ de productie - production bonus ~ de rascumparare - redemption premium ~ de reinnoire - (a conlractuliii de asigurare pentru un an) renewal premium

~ de revocare - (sumd peste valoarec nominala care trebuie pidtitd de o societate cdnd revocd o emisiune iie titluri de valoare) call premium ~ de rise - (diferenta dintre raid necesard a rentabilitdtii unui actn riscant dat ^i rata rentabilitdtii unu: activ lipsit de rise cu aceeasi viald estimatd) (fin.) risk premium ~ de rise de piata - (fin) market risk premium ~ de stimulare - premium pay. incentive premium ~ directa/pentru optiune de cumparare - (bur.) premium for the call ~ esalonata - (as ig.) deferred premium ~ globala - (asig.) gross premium ~ integrals ~ (asig.) full premium ~ inversa/pentru optiune de vanzare - (bur.) premium for the put ~ in actiuni - share bonus ~ in numerar - cash bonus ~ necastigata - (restituitd asiguratuliii de societatea de asigurdri cdnd proprietatea acestuia nu afost amenintatd de rise) unearned premium ~ oferita contra expedierii unui bon (care dovedeste achizitionarea unor produse) mail-in-premium ~ pentru economisirea timpului de munca - time-saving bonus ~ pentru marirea productiei (acordatd muncitorilor) acceleration premium ~ pentru neridicarea vreunei pretentii de plata - (de cdtre titidarul unei polite de asigurare auto) no-claim bonus ~ supliinentara - (asig.) additional, extra/loaded premium, surcharge primarie s.f. town/city hall

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primi v.t. to receive, to get; to accept primire s.f. reception, receiving, receipt ~ in cont - receipt on account principal adj. principal, main, chief, leading principiu s.n. principle principiul exceptiei - {management prin eliminare, retinerea aspectelor critice in detrimental celor neesentiale de catre manager) exception principle ~ posibilitatilor de plata - (impozite proportionale cu veniturile) ability-to-pay principle prioritate s.f. priority ~ a ofertei - first refusal ~ la descarcare - unloading priority priva v.t. \. (de) to deprieve (of) 2. (de un drept/o capacitate legala) (dr.) to incapacitate ~ de dreptui de achitare a unei ipoteci - (prin depdsirea termenului de scadenta) {dr.) to foreclose ~ de dreptui de folosinta - {dr.) to foreclose privare s.f. 1. deprivation 2. (de un drept, o capacitate legala) (dr.') incapacitation; foreclosure privat adj. private; personal privatiza v.t. to privatize privatizare s.f. privatization ~ a unei societati prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de actiuni de catre conducerea existenta management buy-out ~ a unei societati prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de actiuni de catre o cchipa manageriala din afara ei - management buy-in privilegiat adj. (despre creditori ale caror creante sunt rambursate

prioritar in caz de faliment) privileged, preferential, preferred privilegiu s.n. \. privilege; preference, preferential/preferred claim 2. (acordat de regind sail de parlament pentru wfiintarea unei societati, a unei firme etc.) charter ~ de conversie - (dreptui unui individ, asigurat in grup, so. mcheie o asigurare individtiald cdnd asigurarea colectivd expird) (asig.) conversion privilege ~ de emisiune - issue power ~ de plata anticipate - (a unei datorii mainte de scadenta) prepayment privilege ~ de reinnoire a termenului de asigurare - renewal privilege of term insurance ~ de revocare (clauzd in corporatd intr-o obligatiune sail actiune preferentiald care ii da emitentului dreptui de a revoca titlul de valoare la un pret specificat) call privilege ~ in caz de faliment - (stabilirea preferentiald a ordinii creditorilor repartizati in diverse clase) preferential/preferred claim under bankruptcy prost adj. bad proasta administrare/conducere maladministration proba s.f. 1. proof, test; (incercare) trial; (a metalelor) assay; (verificare, control) verification, control 2. (mostrd) sample, specimen 3. (dovada) proof, evidence ~ de accept - (a! unei camhii de catre tras) acceptance trial de anduranta/rezistenta -endurance test ~ de calitate - control test

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~ de exploatare/functionare performance test ~ de fezabilitate - feasibility test ~ de lucru - (in indiistria te.xti1.ci) sample of fabric/work ~ de omologare - acceptance test/trial ~ de predare - {a navel} delivery trial - de receptie - qualification/official/ warranty test ~ de receptie-predare - acceptance delivery test ~ la cumparare - purchase trial ~ la scara naturala - field experinient - -martor - check/duplicate sample -~ medie - average sample ~ testimonials - (dr.) proof by witness problema s.f. problem, question; (chesfiiine) matter; (obiect al wiei discutii, al unei con'troversc) issue ~ de fond - substantive issue; fundamental question ~ de reprezentare/mandat (potential conflict de interese mtre actionarii unei finne si conducerea acesteia sail nitre obligator! si actionari) agency problem proceda v.i. to act; (la) to proceed (to), to go on (to) procedeu s.n. procedure, proceeding; method procedura s.f. procedure, proceeding, practice ~ de arbitraj - arbitration procedure ~ de faliment - procedure in bankruptcy ~ judiciara -judicial/legal proceeding ~ judiciara sumara - summary proceeding ~ vamala - procedure of customs procent s.n. percentage, rate (per cent) ~ al impunerii - tax rate

~ de rebuturi - reject rate ~ ridicat - heavy percentage procentaj s.n. percentage proces s.n. 1. process 2. (dr.) action a: law, case; (civil) (law) suit; (penan criminal trial ~ civil - civil case, (law) suit ~ de daune - damage suit ~ de identificare - (a salariatului cu
obiectivele mtreprinderii) (mat1..

fusion process - de productie - production process - economic - economic process - industrial - industrial run ~ penal - criminal trial, case ~ tehnologic - operating process, flow - -verbal - (official) report; record a fi in ~ cu cineva - to be at law with
smb.

a intenta un ~ cuiva - to bring smb. to law, to bring/to enter an action against smb., to institute/to take legal proceedings against smb. procura v.t. to procure, to obtain, to get; (bani) to raise, to obtain, to find procurator s.m. (tnandatar) procurator, proxy procura s.f. procuration, proxy, power of attorney, letter of attorney procuration, warrant/warranty of attorney, trust deed/instrument ~ de administrare - (a averii unei persoane decedate) letters of administration ~ pentru vanzare - trust for sale ~ speciala - special/particular power (of attorney) producator adj. producing, yielding; productive s.m. producer. manufacturer; (de jilrne, spectacole,

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programe de radio fi televiziune) producer ~ individual - individual producer ~ la costuri marginale - marginal cost producer ~ particular - private producer produce v.t. 1. to produce, to manufacture 2. (profit, dobdndd) to return, to yield; (o recolta} to yield ~ m serie - to mass-produce - pe handa rulanta - to produce on the line
"- prea in'iilt fata de - (cerere sent cantitatea pre.'i'azuta} to overproduce - sub - {randament'd normal} to underproduce prodnctiv adj. productive, efficient, gainful; {despre zacammte, tereiwrif

pay, payable productivitate s.f. productivity, efficiency - a capitalului - productivity of capital a capitalului fix - physical productivity ~ a factorilor de productie -productivity of factors of production "- a muncii productivity of labour, working efficiency ~ globala - (eficienta agregatd a utilizdrii tuturor factorilor de productie la nival de imitate economicd) overall productivity -~ maxima - peak productivity ~ medic average productivity ~ pe om-ora - output per man-hour ~ pe om-schimb - output per man-shift productie s.f. production, output, outturn; manufacture; {agricola) yield, harvest

~ agricola - agricultural/farm production, harvest ~ artizanala/la domiciliu - cottage production ~ continua - permanent output ~ de calitate superioara - quality production ~ de marfuri - commodity production ~ de serie - standard production, repetitive manufacturing '- efectiva/reala - effective output rixperimeiitala/-pilot pilot production - g5obala - gross/aggregate output ~ indirecta - (care foloseste diviziunea Jinmcii) indirect production ~ industriala - industrial outpui/ production interna indigenous/home production - in flux/pe banda - flow/line production, belt system of production ~ in flux continuu - continuous flow production ~ in serie/masa - mass/quantity/serial production - in serie mica/discontinua - small-scale production ~ la hectar - crop capacity, yield production ~ -marfa - market output ~ maxima - maximum/peak/ultimate./ capacity output ~ modulara - modular production ~ medie - average output ~ mete$ugareasca - handicraft industry ~ neta - net production ~ nominala - rated output ~ orara - hourly output/production

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~ pe cap de locuitor - per capita output ~ pe loturi - batch production ~ pe om-ora - output per man-hour ~ pe om-schimb - output per man-shift ~ potentials - potential production ~ primara (a materiilor prime} primary production ~ -record - record output ~ redusa - reduced output ~ saptamanala - weekly output/ production ~ secundara - (f'abricarea de produse finite din materii prime si realizarea de constructii civile) secondary production ~ tertiara - (a serviciilor) tertiaiy production ~ vinicola - (a iinui an) vintage ~ zilnica - daily output/production produs s.n. {artificial sail natural) product; {natural sail agricol) produce; (articol) article; (marfd) commodity; (care se aruncd dupd mtrebuintare, in general una singurd) throwaway ~ agricol - agricultural/farm produce ~ brut - crude product; (nefinisat) raw product ~ cu defect - faulty product ~ cu implicare puternica - (pe care ciimpdrdtonil se hotdrdste cu greu sd-l achizitioneze) high-involvement product ~ cu implicare scazuta - (pe care cumpdrdtorul se hotdrdste iisor sd-l achizitioneze') low-involvement product ~ de substitute - substitution product ~ ecologic - green product ~ farmaceutic - pharmaceutical ~ final - end product ~ finit - final/terminal product

~ inferior - (pentru care cererea scade atunci cdnd scad si preturile) infenor good ~ intern brut - gross domestic producr ~ intern net - net domestic product ~ marginal (productia suplimentars care se obtine prin folosirea unes unitdti in plus dintr-o resiirsd, celelalie resurse rdmdndnd neschimbate constante) marginal product ~ mondial brut gross world product ~ national brut - gross national product ~ national net - net national product ~ neperisabil - nonperishable product ~ oferit gratuit - (de firma produ-cdtoare in scop promotional) giveaway ~ patentat proprietary product ~ perisabil - perishable product ~ principal/de baza - primary product; (al unei tdri) staple ~ petrolier petroleum product; oil ~ petrolier rafinat refined oil ~ secundar/auxiliar - by(e)-product ~ sintetic - synthetic product ~ social marginal - marginal social product ~ social total - social total product produse alimentare - food products-foodstuffs ~ chimice - chemicals ~ comercializabile marketable products ~ cu durata medie de folosinta -semidurables ~ de calitate medie/calitatea a douamiddlings ~ de culoare galbena - (bunuri de consum mai scumpe, care se schimba la intervale mari de timp) yellow goods

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279

~ de culoare maro - (bunuri de consum de folosinta indelungatd care se fabricau initial in carcase de culoare maro radiouri, ielevizoare etc.') brown goods ~ de culoare portocalie - (bunuri de consum. precum articolele de vestimematie, inlocuite in ritm moderat) orange goods ~- de culoare rosie - (bunuri de consu'n, precum cele alimentare, con-sumate yi inlocuite imediat) red goods - de fabricatie interna - home products -'' de folosinta imediata - consumer nondurables -- de folosinta indelungata - consumer durables, hard goods - de imica foiosinta - disposable goods, disposables ~ in lucru/curs de fabricatie - (conf.) (SUA) goods in progress ~ iactate - dairy produce meste^ugaresti handiworks, handmade goods ~ petroliere albe/curate - (benzine. terebentme, molorina speciala) white products oil, clean/light oils ~ petroliere negre - (titei, pacurd, motorina) black/^irty oils ~ petroliere nepericuloase - (cu temperatura de aprindere sub 65C) nondangerous oils ~ petroliere periculoase - (CM temperatura de aprindere sub 23 C) dangerous oils semifabricate semifinished/ semimanufactured products similare/de substitute homogeneous products

~ textile - textile goods; (vdndute ca material) soft goods profesa v.f., v.i. to profess, to practice profesie s.f. profession, vocation, occupation profesional adj. professional, vocational, occupational profesionalism s.n. professionalism profesionist adj., s.m. professional profil s.n. profile ~ al clientelei - customer profile ~ aE concurentei - competitive profile ~ al consumatorilor - consumer profile profit s.n. profit, benefit, gain, return; proceeds, earnings, revenues ~ acumulat/nedistribuit - (actio-narilor cu scopul formarii de fonduri de investitu) retained profit/earnings, unappropriated profit/earnings, undistributed profit/earnings, retentions, earned surplus - admis - (profitui net) admitted profit - atribuibil - (profit care poatefi atribitit unui sector sail unui departament dintr-o organizatie) (man.) attributable profit ~ brut - gross profit; (din exploatare) trading profit ~ contabil - book/accounting profit ~ de capital - (obfinut din vdnzarea de
fondurifixe) capital profit

~ de monopol - monopoly profit ~ din activitatea curenta ~ business profit dupa impozitare/impozitat earnings after taxes, after-tax profit ~ economic - economic profit ~ iluzoriu illusory profit ~ impozabil - taxable profit, chargeable gain

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PRO-PRO

~ inainte de impozitare/neimpozitat earnings before taxes, before-tax profit ~ legal - legal profit ~ net - net/clear profit ~ normal - normal profit ~ ocazional casual profit ~ rapid - quick returns ~ scriptic/teoretic - paper profit ~ suplimentar - extra profit a aduce ~ - to bring in profit; to yield a permite/a rezulta 1111 ~ - to leave a profit a trage un ~ din - to drive benefit/ advantage from profita v.i. {de) to profit by, to take advantage of, to trade on/upon profitabil adj. profitable, beneficial, gainful, lucrative, remunerative, moneymaking; advantageous, rewarding profitor adj. profiteering s.m. profiteer prognoza v.t. to forecast prognoza s.f. forecast ~ a fluxului de fonduri - fund flow forecast ~ a profitului - profit forecast ~ a vanzarilor - sales forecast ~ de afaceri business forecast ~ de trend - trend forecast ~ economics - economic forecast ~ pe termen lung - long-term/-range forecast ~ pe termen scurt - short-term/-range forecast program s.n. program(me); (plan) schedule, plan; (orar) timetable, schedule; (politic) platform ~ al salariatilor - personnel plan ~ de amortizare - (c.ont., fin.) amortization schedule

~ de amortizare a imprumutului loan amortization schedule ~ de descarcare - discharging schedule ~ de e$alonare a creditului - loan schedule ~ de mcarcare - loading schedule ~ de lucru (ore de lucru in magazine yi birouri) business hours ~ de lucru cu intreruperi - broken time ~ de ree$alonare a ipotecii - mortgage rewrite programme ~ de subantrepriza - subcontract programme ~ flexibil de lucru - flexibile working hours ~ redus de lucru - short-time working, short day a lucra cu ~ redus - to be on short time programa v.t. to program(me); to plan, to schedule progress./?, progress ~ continuu/sustinut - steady progress ~ economic - economic progress ~ tehnic - technical progress progresiv adj. progressive prohibi v.t. to prohibit, to ban prohibitiv adj. prohibitive, prohibitory prohibitie s.f. prohibition proiect s.n. project, design, scheme; (de document) draft ~ de buget - draft budget, estimates
o o
J

~ de contract - draft contract ~ de lege - draft law, bill ~ de lege de interes public - public bill ~ de lege financiara - (pentru alocatii bugetare) appropriation/money bill ~ de statut - draft articles

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281

- tehnic - technical design proiecta v.t. to project, to design, to plan proiectant s.m. designer, planner, draftsman ~ -sef- chief designer proletar adj., s.m. proletarian proletariat s.n. proletariat proletariza v.t. to proletarianize promoter s.m. promoter promotional adj. promotional promova v.t. 1. (initiative, interese etc.) to promote; (interese) to advance; (intens un produs, o marcd etc.) to boost 2. (in grad, infunctie) to raise promovare s.f. promotion ~ a reactiei directe - (a cumpdrd-torului) direct response promotion ~ a unei marci - brand promotion ~ a vanzarilor - sales promotion ~ prin intermediul unei personalitati - personality promotion promulga v.t. to promulgate, to enact pronosport s.n. football pool/coupons pronunta v.t. (o sentintd) to pass, to deliver propasi v.;'. to prosper, to flourish, to thrive proportie s.f. proportion, ratio; percentage proportional adj. proportional proprietar s.m. owner, proprietor, holder, possessor; (care da in chirie sau in arendd) landlord ~ al marfii - cargo owner ~ care percepe o chine excesiva rack-renter ~ cu titlu de proprietate inregistrat/ inserts - (in cartea funciara) registered proprietor ~ de chei - wharfinger

~ de magazin - storekeeper ~ de nava - shipowner ~ de nava de linie - berth owner ~ de resurse - resource owner ~ de ziar - (SUA) publisher ~ funciar - landowner ~ prezumtiv - reputed owner/ proprietor ~ riveran -- riparian ~ unic - sole owner/proprietor proprietate s.f. 1. property; (posesiune, detinere) ownership 2. (trdsdturd, calitate) property, quality ~ a unui absenteist - absentee ownership ~ abandonata pe mare - derelict ~ absoluta - absolute ownership ~ comuna - (indiviziune) joint ownership ~ cooperatista - cooperative property ~ corporala - corporeal/tangible property ~ cu drept de mostenire limitat estate in tail ~ ereditara - fee, heir land ~ funciara - land(ed) property, estate ~ funciara absoluta - (cu drept de a o transmite oricdrui mostenitor) fee simple, freehold ~ funciara limitata - (cu drept de a o transmite unei categorii limitate de mostenitori) fee tail ~ imobiliara - real estate/property, realty, immo. able property, immovables ~ inalienabila - mortmain ~ individuala/nesolidara - severally, several property ~ indiviza - undivided property ~ industrials - (asupra brevetelor, mdrcilor etc.) industrial property

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~ intelectuala - intellectual property ~ ipotecata - embarrassed/encumbered

estate

~ inchiriata - leasehold (property), letting, tenement ~ libera de sarcini/neipotecata estate free from encumbrances, clear
estate

~ mobiliara - personal estate/property, personalty ~ necorporala - incorporeal/intangible property ~ neevaluata/neimpusa - unassessed property ~ nuda - bare ownership, ownership without usufruct ~ obsteasca - collective ownership/ property ~ ocupata temporar - (prin inchiriere sau arendare) tenancy ~ particulara/privata - private ownership/property ~ pe viata - life estate ~ publica/de stat - public/state ownership, public/state property ~ transmisibila numai pe linie feminina - tail female ~ transmisibila numai pe linie masculina - tail male proprietati tehnologice - process/ processing properties prospect s.n. prospectus; (brosurd) leaflet ~ de emisiune - issue prospectus prosper adj. prosperous, flourishing, thriving prospera v.i. to prosper, to flourish, to thrive prosperitate s.f. prosperity, thrivingness protectie s.f. protection

protectia muncii - labour protection protectie a consumatorilor consumer protection ~ a locurilor de munca - employment protection ~ a mediului - environment protection ~ contra accidentelor - accident prevention ~ prin brevetare - patent coverage ~ sociala social protection/security protectionism s.n. protectionism ~ administrativ - (implied restrictii legislative asupra unor norme de consum, norme sanitare etc. m scopiil mdepartdrii producalorilor straini} administrative protectionism ~ nontarifar - (aplicat prin mdsuri de contingentare a importurilor, mteriicerea totald a importurilor pe o pe-rioadd de timp, formalitdti descuraja-toare de import) nontanff protectionism ~ tarifar - (care constd in aplicarea de taxe vamale asupra produselor impor-tate) tariff protectionism protectionist adj. protective s.m. {adept al protectionismului) protectionist proteja v.t. to protect; (a sprijini) to support; (o Industrie, un sector economic) to safeguard protest s.n. 1. protest 2. (cambiaH protest ~ de munca - industrial action ~ pentru neacceptare - (a unei cambii) protest for nonacceptance ~ pentru neplata - (a unei cambii) protest for nonpayment ~ social - (cu ocuparea unui local, a unui spatiu} sit-in

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283

protesta v.i. (impotriva) to protest (against) v.t. (o cambie) to protest ~ o cambie - to protest a bill of exchange, to make protest of a bill of exchange ~ o cambie prin intermediar - to have a bill protested prototip s. n. prototype provizie s.f. provision, store, supply provizii nevamuite {ale unei nave) bonded stores a face ~ - to get in provisions provizion s.n. provision ~ pentru credite neperformante bad loan provision ~ pentru pierderi din credite - loan loss provision provizoriu adj. provisional, temporary prudenta s.f. {concept de baza conform cdiuia cdnd doud valori sunt posibile trebuie sd se retina cea mai scdzuta) (cont.) prudence psihografie s.f. psychographics psihologie s.f. psychology psihologia muncii/industriala occupational psychology psihotehnica s.f. industrial psychology public adj. public; {de stat} public. state... s.n. public; {aiidienta) audience ~ captiv - {obligat sd asculte material publicitar in timpiil receptiondrii iinor programe de radio si televiziune) captive audience publica v.t. to publish, to issue; (in monitorul oficial) to gazette publicatie s.f. publication; (periodicd) periodical; (revista) magazine ~ bihmara - fortnightly ~ de specialitate specialized publication ~ de uz intern restricted publication

~ informativa - digest publicitate s.f. publicity, advertising ~ combativa - combative advertising ~ comparativa - comparative advertising ~ comuna/colectiva - (colaborarea mai multor firme pentru a reduce cheltuielile in acest sector) cooperative advertising ~ distrugatoare - (text publicitar care criticd un produs concurenf) knocking copy ~ etica - ethical advertising ~ industrials - business-to-business advertising ~ informativa - informative advertising ~ institution ala - {a unei firme, menitd sd sporeascd prestigiul acesteia) institutional advertising ~ murala/pe fatada cladirilor mural/wall advertising ~ nationals - national advertising ~ persuasiva - persuasive advertising ~ primara - (reclamd pentru tin produs, fdrd precizarea marcii) primary advertising ~ prin postere - poster advertising promotionala promotional advertising - subliminala - subliminal advertising punct s.n. 1. point 2. (articol, paragraj) item; {de pe ordinea de zi) item 3. (/oc) point, place, post, spot ~ comercial - trading post ~ critic al rentabilitatii - breakeven point ~ de atractie turistica - sightseeing spot, showplace ~ de aur la import - (fin.) import gold/specie point

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~ de baza - (o sutime dintr-un punct procentual) basis point ~ de impunere - (cdnd trebuie achitatd TVA) tax point ~ de interventie/sustinere - (cand banca centrala intervine pentru sustinerea cursiilui) support point ~ de livrare - delivery point ~ electronic de vanzare -- electronic point of sale ~ in litigiu - (dr.) issue -- litigios de drept - (dr.) issue of law ~ litigios de fapt - (dr.) issue of fact ~ pana !a care se poate obtine capital - (in mod rentabil) capital cut-off point ~ periculos - (sub care reduccrea tarifelor v.umale la import prejudiciazd economia nationals) peril point ~ vamal - customs house puncte de aur - (limitele nitre care oscileazd rata de schimb a doud volute cu ctalon-aur, in condltiile circulatiei libere a aiirulni mtre tdri) {fin.) gold/specie points

~ in discutie - points at issue ~ pe ordinea de zi - items on the agenda punctaj s.n. scoring ~ de bonitate - credit scoring purtator s.m. bearer ~ de cuvant - spokesman putere .s'./ 1. power 2. authority ~ de cumparare ~ purchasing/buying spending power ~ de cumparare a banilor - money purchasing power - de monopol - monopoly power ~ discretionara de cumparare discretionary spending power ~ executiva - executive authority ~ fiscala - (la autovehicule) taxable horsepower ~ limitata dc decizie - limited discretion
~ retroactiva (efect retroaciiv al unei legi) retroaction

R
rabat s.n. rebate, discount, allowance, reduction (in price) ~ comercial - trade discount ~ comercial pentru plata in numerar - cash discount ~ de sfarit de an - end-year rebate ~ global (acordat de furnizor detailistului m unumite conditii) (corn.) aggregate rebate ~ la cantitate - quantity discount/ rebate, volume discount/rebate ~ la greutate - weight allowance ~ la navlu - freight rebate radia v.t. 1. (a sterge) to erase; (de pe o listd, dintr-nn registru) to strike off, to cross off, to remove 2. (o datorie, o ipotecd) to cancel, to discharge ~ din barou - to disbar radiat adj. {din registrul de comert) defunct rafina v.t. to refine rafinarie s.f. refinery ~ de petrol - petroleum/oil refinery
raid s.n. raid

raidul din zori - (cumpdrarea

neanuntatd a unui packet mare de

actiuni in primele momente ale deschiderii bursei pentru a evita cresterea cursului acestora) (bur.) dawn raid
raion s.n. \. district 2. (intr-un

ramburs s.n. 1. (rambursare) reimbursement, repayment 2. (plata) payment rambursa v.t. to reimburse, to repay, to pay back, to refund; (cheltuieli) to defray; (a amortiza) to redeem rambursabil adj. reimbursable, repayable; defrayable; (amortizabil) redeemable rambursare s,f. reimbursement, repayment, refunding; (a chelluielilor) defrayal, defrayment; (amortizare) redemption ~ a unui impozit - tax refunding integrala 5a scadenta - (intr-o singurd transd) bullet repayment ~ in avans advance repayment ~ neconforma cu termenii contractual! - (a unui credit) slow pay and unsatisfactory account ramificare s.f. branching ~ limitata - (legi care limiteazd mfiintarea sucursalelor bancare) (SUA) limited branching rampa s.f. stage; ramp; platform ~ de acces approach ramp ~ de descarcare unloading ramp/stage; (de debarcare) landing ramp/stage ~ de incarcare - loading ramp/stage ramura s.f. branch ~ de afaceri - line of branch ~ economica - economic branch ~ industriala - industrial branch, industry randament s.n. output, outturn; efficiency; return; (fin.) yield

magazin) department ~ de solduri - bargain basement/counter ~ de vanzare angro - (la un mare magazin) contract department

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~ al activelor - (raportui dintre vdnzdrile unei societati si activele ei) (fin.) asset turnover ~ al actiunilor - return on shares ~ al capitalului - return on capital, efficiency of capital ~ al castigului de capital - capital gains yield ~ al dividendelor (raportui dintre dividendul actual si pretui actual al unei actiuni) dividend yield ~ al investitiei - yield on investment ~ al pretului de cost - cost efficiency ~ al profitului - (raportui dintre profitui net distribuibil si valoarea totald a actiunilor comune la cursul pietei) earnings yield ~ al unei obligatiuni - bond yield ~ al unui titlu de valoare - (pe perioada cat a fost delimit) holding period yield ~ anual - annual return; (al unui plasamenf) annual yield ~ brut - (fin.} gross yield ~ bun - (fin.) fair yield ~ curent - (calciilat prin raportarea dobdnzii anuale a unui titlu de valoare la pretui sdu curent pe piatd) current yield ~ de baza - (fin.) basic yield ~ economic - economic efficiency ~ efectiv - (fin.) effective yield ~ invariabil - (rata dobdnzii unui titlu de valoare cu dobdndd fixa) flat yield ~ marginal al capitalului - marginal efficiency of capital ~ marginal al investitiei - marginal efficiency of investment ~ maxim - peak efficiency ~ mediu - (fin.) average yield ~ net - (fin.) net yield

~ nominal - rated output ~ pana la maturitate - (rata dobdnzii obtinute la o obligatiune dacd este pdstratd pdnd la maturitate] maturity/redemption yield, yield to maturity ~ pana la revocare - (rata dobdnzii obtinute la o obligatiune dacd este retrasd inainte de maturitate) yield to call ~ total anualizat - annualized total return randamente de scara/dimensiune -(relatia dintre cresterea volumului productiei si a cantitdtii utilizate din factorii de productie combinati) returns to scale rang s.n. 1. rank, position, status 2. (pozitie in clasamentui ipotecilor la inscrierea unei ipoteci in registrul funciar) (order of) priority ~ ipotecar - mortgage priority raport s.n. 1. (relatie) relation, connection 2. (proportie) ratio 3. (dare de seamd) report, account, statement ~ al bugetului de stat - national accounts ~ al cenzorilor - auditors' report ~ al consiliului de administratie -directors' report ~ al presedintelui - (despre activitatea anuald a companiei) chairman's report ~ anual/final (privind activitatea unei societati) annual report, final accounts ~ beneficiu - cost - (indicele de profilabilitate'} benefit - cost ratio ~ bimetalic - (in situatia in care exisld in circniatie monedd bimetalicu) (fin) mint ratio

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287

~ condensat/comprimat - condensed report ~ confidential - confidential report ~ de activitate - work report ~ de afaceri - situation report ~ de audit - audit report ~ de audit cu rezerve/mentiuni qualified audit report ~ de avarie - (asig.) damage report ~ de avariere/deteriorare a marfurilor - cargo damage report ~ de cheltuieli - statement of expenses ~ de conversie - {numdnil de actiuni
comune care poate fi obtinut prin

conversia unei actiuni preferentiale sail

a unei obligatiuni convertibile)

conversion ratio ~ de credit - credit report ~ de evaluare - appraisal report ~ de expertiza - survey report ~ de lichiditate (raport periodic al unei band, prin care dovede^te acoperirea pasivului de cdtre disponibilitdtl) liquidity statement ~ de schimb - (raportui dintre indicele pretului mediu de export ?i indicele mediu de import, pe mtreaga activitate de corner! exterior) terms of trade ~ de troc - swapping terms ~ despre clientii care au depa$it scadentele - delinquent activity report ~ dintre cheltuielile si profitui de exploatare - operating ratio ~ dintre depozite i credite - lending ratio ~ financiar - (raportui anual al consiliului de administratie) financial statement ~ intocmit la sfaritul zilei - end-of-day report

raportui capital propriu - active fixe - equity-to-fixed assets ratio ~ datorie - capital propriu - debt-equity ratio " investitie - productie - capital-output ratio ~ valoare de piata - valoare contabila - (yaloarea de piata a actiunii impdrtitd la valoarea contabild pe actiune) market-to-book ratio raporturi de afaceri - business connections/intercourse/relationship ~ juridice - legal relationship a trece in raport - to enter on the record -t n + TTey raportor s.m. rapporteurs--^'' rata s.f. 1. instalment^, rate; ratio ~ a absenteismului - {numdriil de absent! la suta de muncitori intr-o zi de nwncd; procentajul zilelor de muncd pierdute din totalul zilelor lucrdtoare pe o anumitd perioadd) absenteeism rate ~ a cheltuielilor - (raportui dintre cheltuieli i volumul vdnzdrilor/ profitului) (asig., corn.) expense ratio ~ a circulatiei marfurilor - (raportui dintre vdnzdrile totale ale uneifirmepe o perioadd determinatd de timp i valoarea activelor fixe) (cont.) turnover ratio ~ a cre^terii - growth rate; (fortei de muncd, exprimatd ca procent al niimdrului mediu de muncitori intr-o perioadd determinatd de timp) accession rate ~ a cupoaului - (rala specificatd a dolxinzii unei obligatiuni) coupon rate ~ a dobanzii - interest rate, rate of interest

288

RAT-RAT

~ a dobanzii de baza - prime (lending) rate ~ a dobanzii efective - effective (interest) rate ~ a dobanzii la creditele bancare bank lending rate ~ a dobanzii la cumparare pe piata interbancara - interbank market bid rate ~ a dobanzii la depozite - deposit interest rate ~ a dobanzii la vanzare, oferita pe piata interbancara interbank market offered rate ~ a dobanzii obligatiunii - bond rate ~ a dobanzii pe piata de capital capital market interest rate ~ a dobanzii variabile - floating interest rate ~ a economiilor (din venitid personal disponibil) savings ratio ~ a frecventei accidentelor - (la un milion de ore-muncd mtr-un an) accident frequency rate ~ a investitiei - (efortid national de investitie in raport de bogdtiile produse) investment rate ~ a lichiditatii curente - (raportui dintre pasivele curente ale unei afaceri s:i activele sale curente) (fin.) current ratio ~ a lichiditatii monetare - (raportui dintre nivelul mediu anual al masei monetare si voliimul tranzactiilor economice mijiocite de monedd) cash liquidity rate ~ a managerilor - (la 1000 de Siicrdtori) management ratio ~ a mortalitatii - death rate ~ a pierderilor ~ (raportui dintre primele incasate si despdguhiiile

platite de o societate de asigurdri) loss ratio ~ a plusvalorii - rate of surplus value ~ a profitului - rate of profit, profit rate ~ a proprietatilor nemchiriate - (pe piata imobiliard) vacancy rate ~ a puterii de catig - (care indicd puterea activelor unei societdti de a genera venit din exploatare) basic earning power ratio ~ a rentabilitatii - (rata interim a rentabilitdtii unei investitii) rate of return ~ a substitutiei tehnice - (mdrirea productiei prin fabricarea unui articol in load altuid) rate of technical substitution ~ a omajului - unemployment rate ~ a testului acid - (raportui active lichide - pasive curente folosit pentrii determinarea solvabilitdtii unei firme) (fin.) acid test ratio, quick asset ratio ~ contabila a profitului - accounting rate of return ~ de asigurare Tmpotriva riscurilor (bur., fin.) hedge ratio ~ de capital - (raportui dintre capitaliil plus rezervele unei band si activele sale totale) capital ratio ~ de capitalizare - (rata la care piata bursierd capitalizeazd cdstigurile curente ale unei societal! comerciale pe actiuni) (bur.) capitalization rate ~ de concentrare - (care aratd procentui in care un sector industrial este dominat de cdteva mart societdti sou mdsura conciirentei pe pietele bancare) concentration ratio ~ de conversie - (mimariil de actiuni coniune care poate fi ohtiniit prin

RAT-RAT

289

conversia unei actiuni preferentiale sail a unei obligatiuni convertibile) conversion rate ~ de crestere economica - economic growth rate ~ de impozitare/impunere fiscala rate of taxation, tax rate ~ de tndatorare - (totalul datoriilor impdrtit la totalul activelor unei societati) (fin.) debt ratio ~ de lichiditate - (raportui dintre rezerva monetard a unei band si obligatiile totale fata de depozitele clientilor) cash (-deposit) ratio ~ de navlu necartelat - {mar.) nonconference rate ~ de participare - (relalie care pune in evidentd, in pasivul bilantului unei societati, parted capitaliirilor proprii si cea a capitalurilor imprumutate) (cont.) participation rate ~ de plata a dividendelor - (procentiil din profit platit sub forma de dividende) dividend payout ratio ~ de recuperare a investitiei in capitalul uman - human capital rate of return ~ de retentie - (partea profituliii nerepartizat din totalul profitului companiei) retention ratio ~ de rezerva - (raportui dintre rezer\'a monetard a unei band si obligatiile totale fata de depozitele clientilor) (fin.) reserve ratio ~ de schimb - exchange rate, rate of exchange; (intr-o fuziune, numdrul de actiuni pe care societatea achizitoare trebuie sd Ie dea pentru fiecare actiune a firmei-tintd) exchange ratio

~ de scont - (procent retinut de banca care sconteazd efectele de comert) discount rate ~ dividend - pret - (de piatd al unei actiuni) dividend - price ratio ~ efectiva a dobanzii - effective rate of interest ~ fara rise - (rentabilitatea unei investitii lipsite de rise) (fin.) risk-free rate ~ fixa de schimb - fixed exchange rate ~ flexibila de schimb - floating exchange rate ~ interna a rentabilitatii - (rentabilitatea unei investitii exprimatd ca profit anual procentual raportat la investitia initiala) internal rate of return ~ istorica a rentabilitatii - (fin.) historical rate of return ~ legala a dobanzii - legal interest rate ~ lombarda - (rata dobanzii pe care banca centrald o acordd bdndlor comerciale pe baza amanetdrii de titluri de valoare) lombard rate ~ medie a dobanzii - average interest rate ~ minima a dobanzii - (pentru creditele acordate de banca centrald) minimum lending rate; (care poate fi perceputd pentru un credit) rate floor ~ naturala a somajului - natural unemployment rate ~ neoficiala/paralela de schimb parallel rate of exchange ~ neoficiala de scont - private rate of discount ~ nominala a dobanzii - nominal interest rate ~ -pivot - (paritatea unei monede legate de Sistemul Monetar European, in raport cu ECU) central rate

290

RAT-REA

~ procentuala anuala - annual percentage rate ~ procentuala anualizata - annualized percentage rate ~ reala a dobanzii - real rate of interest ratifica v.t. to ratify; to approve, to confirm rating s.n. (formularea unei calificdri pe mdsura posibilului rise de nerambursare partiald sau totald asumat de investitorul care a realizat plasamente in titluri financiare) (fin.) rating ~ de tara - country rating ratie s.f. ration, allowance ~ redusa - short ration/allowance ~ zilnica - daily ration/allowance rationaliza v.t. to rationalize, to allowance rascoala s.f. (revoltd) riot rascoale i razboaie civile - {asig. mar.) riots and civil commotions rascumpara v.t. to redeem; (a cumpdra ceva vdndut) to buy back, to repurchase; (la licitatie) to buy in; (o politd de asigurare) to surrender rascumparare s.f. redemption; buyback, repurchase; (a unei polite de asigurare) surrender ~ a ipotecii - redemption of mortgage ~ de actiuni - (de cdtre o societate
care le-a vdndut anterior) share

repurchase/buyback ~ de creante - (de cdtre debitor) debt buyback ~ de obligatiuni - bond redemption raspundere s.f responsibility; liability ~ conditionata/secundara - (asig.) secondary liability ~ individuala - (dr.) several liability

~ integrals - total liability ~ limitata - (la o siimd fixd stabilitd) limited/restricted liability ~ nelimitata - (la capitalul investit) unlimited liability ~ pentru calitatea produsului (prevdzutd de legislatia pentru prbtectia consumatorului) product liability ~ principala - primary liability ~ solidara i individuala - (dr.) joint and several liability ~ unica - (in caz de coliziune) (asig. mar.) single liability raspunderi reciproce - (ale armatorilor in caz de coliziune) cross liabilities raspunzator adj. (pentru) responsible (for), answerable/accountable (for); liable (for) rau adj. bad ~ platnic - bad payer razbois.n. war ~ al preturilor - price war ~ comercial - trade war ~ economic - economic war ~ tarifar/vamal - tariff/rate war reactie s.f. reaction ~ de cedare/plecare - (cauzatd de stresul la locul de muncd si manifestatd prin lipsd de interes, solicitare de concedii etc.) (man.) flight reaction ~ de rezistenta/lupta - (cauzatd de stresul la locul de muncd si manifestatd prin combativitate, contraargumente etc.) {man.) fight reaction real adj. real; actual, effective ~ $i valabil - (despre cecuri) genuine and valid

REA-REC

291

realiza v.t. to achieve, to carry out/through; (un profit) to realize; (o obligatie, tin contract) to fulfil ~ beneficii normale - to make fair profits ~ un beneficiu dintr-o tranzactie - to cash in on a deal ~ un beneficiu net de - to clear realizabil adj. feasible, possible; (despre un plan) workable realizare s.f. 1. carrying out/through; (a unui profit, a unui plan etc.) realization; (a unei obligatii, a unui contract) fulfilment 2. (lucru realizat) achievement reambala v.t. to repack reangaja v.t. (personal) to restaff reaproviziona v.t. to replenish; {un magazin) to restock reasigura v.t. to reinsure reasigurare s.f. reinsurance ~ facultativa - facultative reinsurance reasigurator.s\w. reinsurer rebut s.n. (factory) reject, spoilage, waste (product), scrap; (despre mdrfuri) rubbish goods rebuta v.t. to reject, to scrap, to throw away recalificare s.f. (profesionala) retraining ~ profesionala - job retraining, vocational rehabilitation/retraining recapitaliza v.t. to recapitalize recensamant^.n. census ~ al populatiei - population census recenzor s.m. census taker receptie s.f. 1. (a mdrfurilor) taking ^over/delivery (of goods) 2. (de cdtre un inspector) acceptance 3. (la hotel) reception desk

receptiona v.t. (marfa) to take delivery, to check and sign for receptionare s.f. reception ~ a marfii - cargo reception, taking over/delivery of goods receptioner s.m. 1. receiver (of goods) 2. (la hotel) reception (desk) clerk ~ de comenzi - order clerk recesiune s.f. recession ~ economics - economic recession rechizitiona v.t. to requisition recicia v.t. to recycle recipisa s.f. receipt, voucher ~ de antrepozitare - dock warrant, warehouse receipt ~ de bagaje - baggage check ~ de depozitare pe chei - wharfinger's receipt/warrant ~ de depunere - (de titluri la o bancd depozitard) deposit receipt ~ de expeditie/transport - delivery receipt ~ de livrare - delivery receipt ~ de livrare neta - clean receipt ~ de primire a marfii - receipt for goods ~ postala - postal/post-office receipt ~ vamala - customs warrant ~ - warant - (deposit) warrant, warehouse warrant reciproc adj. reciprocal, mutual reclama v. t. 1. (a face o cerere/petitie pentru; a solicita) to lay claim to, to put in a claim for; (a cere, a solicita, a pretinde) to claim; (plata unei taxe etc.) to exact 2. (a necesita) to require,
to necessitate 3. (pe cinevd) to

denounce; (mjudecatd) to sue at law reclamant s.m. claimant, claim er; (dr.) plaintiff, petitioner

292

REC-REC

reclamatie s.f. 1. complaint, objection, protest; request; (dr.) claim 2.

(impotriva cuivd) denunciation

~ de subzistenta - (care nil este

destinata comercializdrii) subsistence

~ justificata -justified complaint ~ pentru daune-interese - claim for damages ~ ulterioara - subsequent claim reclama s.f. 1. (]niblicitate) advertising, publicity; (anunt publicitar) advertisement, commercial 2. (firmd) sign ~ atragatoare/captivanta - catchy advertisement ~ iluminata - illuminated sign - infbrmativa - informative advertising ~ ingenioasa - publicity stunt ~ pe doua pagini de ziar - double-page spread ~ pe exteriorul mijioacelor de transport - travelling display ~ pe pancarte - (care se prind in fata
si in spatele omului care Ie poartd)

sandwich board ~ pe prima pagina - (a unui ziar) front-page advertisement ~ pentru promovarea unui produs promotion ~ primara - (fard specificarea mdrcii) primary advertising ~ prin posta - direct mail subliminala - subliminal advertisement ~ zgomotoasa - boom recolta v.t. to harvest, to crop, to gather/to get in recolta s.f. harvest, crop(s); (la hectar) yield ~ bogata - rich/heavy/bumper crop

crop ~ destinata vanzarii - (, si nu consumului personal) cash crop ~- nesecerata/in lan - standing crop. crop on the root, on-the-root harvest/yield ~ proasta - failure of the crop recomandare s.f. recommendation; testimonial, character, comfort rccompensa v.t. to recompense, to reward, to requite recompensa s.f. reward, recompense, requital reconditiona v.t. to recondition, to renew reconversie s.f. (adaptarea uaor indnstrn sau a unor sectoare industriale la necesitdti noi; recalificarea fortei de miincd) reconversion record s.n. record; (de productie) peak output recruta v. /\ (personal) to recruit recrutare s.f. (de personal) recruitment ~ de absolventi - (politico de recrutare a fortei de munca) (man.) graduate recruitment ~ de personal - staff recruitment rectifica v.t. (bugetui etc.) to rectify; (a corecta) to correct, to set right, to righten; (un cont) to adjust, to amend recunoastere s.f. acknowledgement ~ a datoriei (confirmare in scris de cdtre un debitor a sumei pe care o datoreaza) acknowledgement of debt, borrower's note recupera v.t. to recover; to retrieve; to regain; (a rascumpara) to redeem ~ daunele - to recover the damages ~ o datorie - to recover a debt

REC-RED

293

recuperabil adj. recoverable; retrievable; redeemable recuperare s.f. recovery; retrieve, retrieval; regain; {rdscumpdrare) redemption ~ a bunurilor tinute sub sechestru {dr.) replevin ~ a cheltuiclilor - recovery of expenses ~ a datoriilor - debt recover) ~ a datoriiior prescrise - bad debt recovery ~ a daunelor - recovery of damages ~ a de$eurilor - waste recovery recurs s.n. 1. {dr.) appeal 2. {regres, sitiiatie apdrutd in caziil cle protest al cambiilor, cund detindtorul unui efect de comert se adreseazd tuturor persoanelor solidar respo/isabile clacd trasul nu-ji respectd obligatiile) recourse ~ in anulare - {dr.) action for cancellation ~ in revizuire - {dr.) petition for review redacts v.t. to draw up. to draft, to word, to work out; {un contract) to make out redactor s.m. {de carte sau la un ziar) editor; {de reclame, anuntwi) copywriter ~ economic - {al unui ziar) city editor ~ responsabil cu reportajele locale {SUA) city editor ~ -sef/responsabil - (de ziar) editor-in-chief, chietymanaging editor redactie s.f. 1. {coleciiv de redacfie) editorial staff; {sediu) editorial office 2. (redactare) editorship redactional adj. editorial

redeventa s.f. {suma de bani pidtitd periodic de cdtre persoane care au lual in concesiune mine, terenuri etc. sau au contractat licente prin know-how) royalty redhibitoriu adj. redhibitory redhibitiune s.f. {anulare a unei vdnzdri cdnd obiectui vdndut are un viciii) (dr.) redhibition redistribui v.t. to redistribute redistribuire s.f. redistribution ~ a veniturilor - income redistribution redobandi v.t. to regain, to recover, to get back redresa v.r. {economic) to recover; {f'manciar) to recuperate, to turn oneself about redresare s.f. recovery ~ a afacerilor - business recovery ~ a pietei recovery of the market ~ comerciala trade recovery ~ economics - economic recovery reduce v.t. to reduce; (a micora) to decrease, to diminish, to lessen; {cheltiiieli') to curtail, to cut down, to retrench; {preturi) to lower, to send down, to scale down, to knock down/ off; {taxe, impOzite etc.) to abate; {activitatea unei intreprinderi ca md-surd premergdtoare mchiderii ei) to run down v.r. to decrease, to diminish, to lessen; {despre valoarea actiunilor) {bur.) to ease off/up ~ drastic - {cheltuieli, bugete) to ax(e); (prefuri) to slash ~ putin - (prefuri) to shade reducere s.f. reduction; {micsorare) decrease, diminution, lessening; {de cheltuieli) curtailment, cutting down, retrenchment; {de preturi) cut, lowering, reduction; {de taxe, impozite)

294

RED-REE

abatement, relief, allowance; (rabat comercial) discount, rebate, drawback; (a activitdtii unei intreprinderi ca mdsurd premergdtoare inchiderii ei) running down ~ a gamei de produse - {fabricate sail comer cializate) variety reduction ~ a impozitelor - tax reduction/relief ~ a impozitelor pentru veniturile mici - small income relief ~ a impozitului pe profitui obtinut la export - export-tax relief ~ a masei monetare - contraction of money supply ~ a navlului - rebate of freight ~ a preturilor - price reduction/cut, reduction in/of the prices ~ a tarei - tare allowance ~ a zilei de munca - shorter hours ~ de capital - (diminuarea capitalului in actiuni al unei societal!) capital reduction; (sub nivelul statutar sau sub eel prevdzut de autoritdti} capital impairment ~ de personal - staff reduction ~ drastica - (de cheltideli, bugete) ax(e); (de preturi) slash ~ fiscala pentru amortizare depreciation allowance ~ generala - (a preturilor, a salariilor etc. impusd de guvern) rollback ~ liniara/orizontala a taxelor vamale - (reducerea cu acelasi procent a tuturor taxelor vamale ale tdrilor participante la o rundd de negocieri comerciale) linear/horizontal reduction of tariffs, across-the-board tariff reduction ~ mica/nesemnificativa a preturilor price shading

~ pentru plata in numerar - discount for cash ~ prin amortizare - (a impozitelor) (cont) writing-down allowance reduceri ale impozitului pe venit income tax allowances ~ compensatorii ale taxelor vamale compensatory tariff reductions ~ contractuale de pret pentru parcul de autovehicule - (dacd acestea sunt cumpdrate de la o singurd firma) fleet terms ~ cumulate - (acordate de angrosist detailistidui in anumite conditii) (corn,) deferred rebates fiscale pentru investitii -(inlocuirea mijioacelor fixe uzate) investment allowance ~ fiscale pentru varsta - age relief/allowance ~ salariale - wage cuts ~ uzuale de navlu {mar.) full terms redus adj. reduced; (despre preturi, tarife) low; (despre venituri, beneficii) poor; (insufficient) scanty reedita v.t. to reissue, to republish; (a retipdri) to reprint reescont^.n. rediscount reesconta v. t. to rediscount reesalona v.t. to reschedule reesalonare s.f. rescheduling ~ a datoriei debt rescheduling reevalua v.t. to revalue, to reappraise, to reassess reevaluare s.f. revaluation, reappraisal, reassessment ~ a activelor - revaluation of assets reexport s.n. reexport; entrepot trade reexporta v.t. to reexport reexportator^.m. reexporter

REF-REG

295

reface v.t. to remake; to restore; (un stoc de marfuri) to restock referinta s.f. reference; (despre cineva) character ~ a bancii - bank/banker's reference referinte comerciale - trade references refinanta v.t. to refinance reflatie s.f. (fin.) reflation reforma v.t. to reform; {a imbundtdti) to improve; (a innoi) to renew reforma s.f. reform ~ a taxelor vamale - tariff reform ~ agrara - agrarian/land reform ~ economica - economic reform ~ fiscala - tax reform ~ monetara - monetary/currency reform refuz s.n. refusal; (de a mdeplini o obligatie contractuald etc.) repudiation ~ nejustificat de onorare - (a unui cec, a unei cambii) wrongful dishonour refuza v.t. to refuse; (a respinge) to reject; (o ofertd) to turn down, to decline; (indeplinirea unei obligatii contractuale, plata unei datorii etc.) to repudiate regie s.f. administration; control ~ autonoma - public corporation regim s.n. 1. (social, politic, vamal etc.) regime, system; (forma de guverndmdnt) government 2. {regulament) regulation 3. {de operare al unui utilaj, al unei masini) (normal) run/running ~ al schimbului valutar - foreign exchange regulations ~ de administrare judiciara - (institut
cand o firmd nu-si mai poate mdeplini

obligatiile financiare) receivership ~ de lucru/operare - (al unui utilaj, al unei masini) (normal) run/running

~ de proprietate particulars - private ownership ~ tarifar - tariff system ~ vamal - customs regime registratura s.f. registry, register/ registration/record office registru s.n. 1. register, record, book; {contabil) (account) book 2. (societate de clasificare) (mar.) classification society, registry of shipping, ship's register ~ al actionarilor - register of members, shareholders' register ~ al arendasilor sau al veniturilor din arenzi - rent-roll, rental ~ contabil - (account) book ~ cu copii de acte/documente copybook ~ de achizitii - purchases book/journal ~ de afaceri/tranzactii - bargain book ~ de cadastru - property register ~ de cambii - bill book ~ de casa - cash book/journal, cash paid/received book ~ de casa cu coloane - columnar cash book ~ de cecuri - check register ~ de cheltuieli marunte - (ale unei firme) petty cash book ~ de comenzi - order book ~ de comert - register of companies, trade register ~ de evidenta a francarii - postage book ~ de evidenta a marfurilor mcarcate - cargo book ~ de inventar - inventory book ~ de livrare - delivery book ~ de magazie - (marfuri in depozit) stock book

296

REG-REG

~ de marfa - (luatd pe credit) passbook ~ de marfuri returnate/refuzate -(cont.) sales returns book, returns inwards book ~ de partizi - (cont.) ledger ~ de proceseverbale - minute book ~ de reclamatii claims/complaint book ~ de sarcini si ipoteci - register of mortgages ~ de semnaturi autorizate - signature book ~ de solduri - balance book ~ de transfer - (al actiunilor) transfer register ~ de vanzari - sales book ~ de venituri si cheltuieli - books of receipts and expenditures ~ diverse - (cont.) sundries ledger ~ naval/maritim - classification society, registry of shipping, maritime/ship's register ~ portuar de evidenta a marfurilor incarcate - port shipping register ~ tabular - tabular book ~ temporar - (de tranzactii) waste book regiune s.f. region; area, zone, district ~ aurifera - gold field ~ centrala - inland ~ industrial^ - industrial area ~ inundabila - flood land ~ impadurita - forestry ~ viticola - wine district reglementa v.t. to regulate, to regularize, to bring under regulation, to control; to settle reglementar adj. regular; statutory reglementare s.f. regulation, control; settlement

~ a chiriilor - rent control ~ a diferendului/litigiului - settlement of dispute ~ a monopolurilor - regulation of monopoly ~ a pietei - regulation of the market ~ a preturilor - price regulation ~ a schimbului valutar - exchange control regres s. n. (situatie apdrntd in cazul de protest al cambiilor, cdnd detindtomi unui efect de comert se adreseazd tuturor persoanelor solidar responsabile dacd trasul nu-si respectd obligatiile) recourse regulament s.n. regulations, statute ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average adjustment/statement ~ de ordine interioara - internal regulations ~ de serviciu - service regulations ~ intern de function are - (a I unei intreprinderi) service instructions ~ portuar - port/harbour regulations ~ strict - severe/strict regulations ~ vamal - customs regulations regulamente tehnice - (care stipuleazd caracteristicile produselor sau a proceselor de fabricatie, regulile de ambalare si etichetare, prevederile administrative ce trebuie aplicate, terminologia si abrevierile standard etc.) technical regulations regula s.f. rule ~ aritmetica pentru calcularea tarei - tare and tret reguli de calculare a tarei - taring regulations ~ de calculare a tonajului - (mar.) tonnage regulations

REI-REM

297

reimpune v.t. (a reimpozita) to reassess reimpunere s.f. (reimpozitare) reassessment reintegra v.t. (a repune in drepturi, a reintegrd) to reinstate; (intr-o functie anterioara) to restore smb. (to his position/post/office) reintegrare s.f. (repunere in drepturi, reintegrare) reinstatement; (intr-o functie anterioara) restoration reintrare s.f. (in posesie/drepturi) reentry ~ in posesie (prin bund intelegere) (dr.) recaption ~ in vigoare - (a unei legi) revival reinvesti v.t. to reinvest ~ profitui - to plough back reipotecare s.f. second mortgage remnoi v.t. (un contract, un abonament etc.) to renew retnscrie v.t. (un articol intr-un cont) (cont.) to reenter relansare s.f. revival, recovery ~ economica - economic recovery ~ economica bazata pe cerere -recovery based on demand side ~ economica bazata pe oferta -recovery based on supply side relata v.t. to state, to report; (stiri, evenimente; despre ziaristi) to cover relatie s.f. 1. relation; relationship; (legdtura) connection; {contact) contact 2. pi. relations, intercourse, dealings; (cunostinte) acquaintance ~ directa/personala - direct contact relatii comerciale - trade relations, commercial intercourse ~ contractuale directe - privity of contract ~ cu clientii - customer relations

~ cu investitorii - investor relations ~ cu publicul/publice - public relations ~ cu salariatii - employee relations ~ de afaceri - business relations ~ de munca - (mtre patronat si salariati sail sindicate) labour/ industrial relations ~ de productie - relations of production, productive relations ~ diplomatice - diplomatic relations ~ economice - economic relations economice Internationale international economic relations ~ juridice - privity monetare internationale international monetary relations relua v.t. to resume; to renew ~ lucrul - to resume work remite v.t. to deliver, to consign, to send, to hand over; (prin mandat postal) to remit; (documente) to surrender remitere s.f. delivery, consignment, sending, handing over; (prin mandat postal) remittance; (de documente) surrender ~ bancara - bank remittance remiza s.f. 1. (rabat, reducere) rebate, reduction, allowance 2. (comision) (bur., corn.) half commission remizier s.m. (bur., corn.) half--commission man remorca v.t. (ambarcatiuni) to haul, to tug, to tow; (masini) to trail, to tow; (c./) to draw, to pull remorcaj s.n. (de ambarcatiuni) haulage, hauling, towage, towing, tuggage; (de masini) trailing, towage, towing; (c.f.) drawing, pulling ~ costier - coastal towage

298

REM-REN

~ de avarie - emergency towage ~ fluvial - river towage ~ maritim - sea towage ~- oceanic ocean towage ~ prin impingere - push-towing remorca s.f. (mar.') tow, vessel towed; (vehicul) trailer ~ basculanta - waggon ~ -cisterna - tank-trailer ~ de autocamion - truck trailer ~ pentru buteni lungi - timber carriage remorcher s.n. (mar.) tug, tugboat, towboat ~ costier - coastal tug ~ de andocare - dock-working tug ~ de canal - canal service tug ~ de halaj - warping tug ~ de impingere i tractiune - push-and-tow tug ~ de manevre portuare - dock/ harbour tug ~ de salvare - salvage/rescue tug ~ fluvial - river tug ~ -Tmpingator - push tug, pusher ~ maritim - sea(going) tug, deep-sea tug ~ oceanic - ocean (-going) tug remunera v. t. to remunerate remunerativ adj. 1. remunerative, remuneratory 2. (rentabil) profitable, gainful, rewarding remuneratie s.f. remuneration, pay, emolument, consideration renavlosi v.t. (mar.) to recharter renegocia v.t. to renegotiate renta v.;. to bring profit, to be profitable/remunerative/lucrative rentabil adj. profitable, gainful, remunerative, paying, moneymaking, rewarding, lucrative

rentabilitate s.f. profitableness. gainfulness; return; yield; earning power ~ a activelor - (raportui dintre profitui net si activul total) return on assets ~ a actiunilor - (calculate ca raportui dintre dividendele platite de firmd si pretui de piatd al actiunilor firmei) stock yield ~ a capitalurilor proprii - (profitui disponibil pentru actionari impdrtit la capitalurile proprii) return on (common) equity ~ a investitiei - return on investment a atinge pragul de ~ - to break even renta s.f. rent; (anuald) annuity; unearned income ~ anuala datorata - annuity due ~ de abilitate - (yenituri suplimentare pe care un individ Ie poate obfine ca urmare a aptitudinilor sale speciale) ability rent ~ de monopol - (forma a rentei inca-satd de intreprinzdtorii care dispun de factor! de productie rari, nesubsti-tuibili, inaccesibili altord) monopoly rent ~ de raritate - (renta. obtinutd in situatiile care provoacd un deficit de ofertd - monopolul natural sau artificial, reglementdri vamale si tarifare etc.) scarcity rent ~ diferentiala - {renta funciard suplimentard obtinutd pentru un teren mat fertil, mai bine amplasat etc.) situation rent ~ funciara - land/ground rent ~ m natura - rent in kind ~ nominala - peppercorn rent ~ viagera - life annuity

REN-REP

299

rentier s.m. rentier, fund holder; (beneficiar al unei rente anuale) annuitant renunta v.i. (la) to renounce; (la un drepf) to disclaim, to waive, to sign off; (a ceda, a cesiond) to surrender; (la o actiune judiciara) to abandon ~ la un drept - to waive a right renuntare s.f. renunciation; (la un drepf) disclaimer, waiver, remission; (cedare, cesionare) surrender; (la o actiune judiciara) abandonment ~ la dreptui de a protesta o cambie waiver of demand, notice and protest ~ la o actiune judiciara abandonment of action ~ la o cerere/pretentie - waiver of claim ~ la prime - (de asigurare) waiver of premium ~ tacita - implied waiver reorganiza v. t. to reorganize repara v.t. 1. to repair, to mend; (masini, aparate) to overhaul 2. (a rectified) to rectify; (a compensa) to make up for reparatie s.f. 1. repair; (generald, revizie) overhaul 2. (despdgiibire) compensation, indemnification; legal remedy ~ capitala/generala - (general) overhaul, turnover job ~ curenta/de intretinere - running repair/service, operating repair ~ preventiva - preventive repair ~ provizorie - temporary repair repartiza v.t. 1. to distribute, to divide, to share out; to allocate, to allot; to assign; (proportional) to apportion 2. (un rise) (asig., fin.) to spread 3.

(incdrcdtura sau balastui) (mar.) to trim repartizare s.f. 1. distribution, division, sharing out; allocation, allotment; assignment; (de fonduri) appropriation; (proportionals) apportionment 2. (a unui rise) (asig., fin.) spread 3. (a mcdrcdturii sau a balastului) (mar.) trim, trimming ~ a avariei - (asig. mar.) average adjustment ~ a cheltuielilor - distribution of expenses ~ a flotei pe linii de navigatie shipping pattern ~ a greutatii - weight distribution ~ a profitului - allotment of profit ~ a responsabilitatilor - (man.) allocation of responsibilities ~ a resurselor - resource allocation ~ a valorii de asigurare apportionment of valuation ~ a riscurilor - (rdspdndirea plasamentelor sau a creditelor cu scopul de a se obtine cea mai bund garantie contra riscurilor de capital sau de venit) (fin.) risk spread ~ detaliata a fondurilor - itemized appropriation of funds - funciara - allotment of property ~ judiciara a debitelor unui falit adjudication of bankrupt's debts repatria v.t. (projitui, capitalurile investite) to repatriate report s.n. 1. (cont.) (trecerea unei sume - total, partial - din josul unei coloane in fruntea coloanei urmdtoare a unui registru) carry-forward/-over; (sumd reportata) amount brought/ carried forward 2. (la bursa de valori, amuharea achitarii iinei dator':i. Friii

300

REP-RES

plata unei dobdnzi, pdnd la nrmd-toarea lichidare; la bursa de mdrfuri, diferenta dintre pretui spot si pretui forward sau futures) contango; continuation account ~ al articolelor in cartca mare (cont.) posting reporta v.t. 1. (cor;/.) to carry forward/over; {in cartea mare) to post 2. (bur.) to continue reportaj s.n. coverage; (lilerar) reportage reporter s.m. reporter; correspondent; (care ia interviuri) interviewer; (care adreseazd intrebdri) questioner represalii s.f. pi. (economice, vamale etc.) reprisals, retaliation; retaliaiory measures, measures of retaliation a aplica - impotriva - to retaliate on represiv adj. (de represalii) retaliatory reprezenta v.t. (pe cinevd) to represent, to act for, to stand for reprezentant.y.w. representative agent ~ al fabricii furnizoare - serviceman ~ autorizat - authorized/appointed agent ~ comercial - sales agent/ representative, trade representative, salesman, business/commercial agent ~ diplomatic - resident minister ~ exclusiv/unic - (al unei companii intr-o anumitd zona) sole/exclusive agent ~ general - general agent ~ imputernicit legal - duly authorized representative reprezentanta s.f. agency, representation, representative office ~ comerciala - trade agency/ representation ~ exclusiva - sole agency

reprczentare s.f. representation ~ sindicala/a salariatilor - employee representation reproductie s.f. (reluarea continud a procesuli.ii de productie la scam economiei r,auonale\ reproduction ~ largita - enlarged reproduction - simpia - simple reproduction repune v.t. (in drepturi'} to reinstate, to restore; (//; activitate) to refloat ~ in activitate o companie - to refloat a company repunere s.f. restoring, restoration ~ in activitate - (a unei firme) refloating m drepturi - reinstatement, restoration ~ in poscsie - reentry ~ in vigoare - (a unei legi) revival reputatie s.f. reputation ~ buna - good reputation ~ de solvabilitate creditworthiness ~ rea - bad reputation respecta v.t. (leged) to abide by, to observe; (o clauza) to comply with, to keep to, to observe; (o obligatie, un angajamenf) to honour ~ conditiile contractuale - to comply with/to keep to contract terms a nu-i ~ obligatiile - to fail to meet one's obligations respinge v.t. to repel, to repulse; (pretentii, cereri) to disallow; (o propunere, o oferta) to reject, to decline, to turn down; (un apel) to dismiss; (p obiectie, o propunere) to overrule; (o motiune) to vote down responsabil adj. (pentru) liable/ responsible/answerable/accountable (for) s.m. executive, official; manager ~ de zona - (de .anzdri) area manager

RES-RES

301

~ ierarhic - line man ~ in mod solidar - (dr.) jointly and severally liable ~ sindical - trade-union leader/ organizer responsabilitate s.f. responsibility, accountability; liability ~ fiduciara (a adminisirdrii unui fond depensii) fiduciary responsibility ~ functionala - (a specialistilor dintr-o mtrepriiidere) functional responsibility ~ limitata - limited liability ~ sociala - (a firmelor pentru echilibrul social} social responsibility rest s.n. 1. rest, remainder 2. (in bani)
change

restant adj. remaining, owing, outstanding, back; (deposit ca termen) overdue restanta s.f. backlog; (salariala) back pay; (arierate) arrears restante salariale - arrears of wages restitui v.t. to give/to hand back; (de bunuri, proprietati) to restore; (bani) to return, to refund restituire s.f. restitution; (de bunuri, proprietati) restoration; (de bani) return, refund, refunding ~ a bunurilor sechestrate - (dr.) replevin ~ a impozitului - tax refund ~ a primei de asigurare - return of premium ~ a taxelor vamale - customs drawback restrange v.t. to restrict, to limit; (a reduce) to reduce; (a micsora) to diminish; (a ingrddi) to restrain; (cheltuieli, afaceri etc.) to contract; (creditele) to tighten

restrangere s.f. restriction, limitation, stringency; reduction, diminution; (mgrddire, limitare) restraining; (a cheltuielilor, a afacerilor etc.) contraction; (a creditelor) tightening; (a unei afaceri prin vdnzarea sail inchirierea unor active) divestment ~ a afacerilor - business contraction ~ a creditului/posibilitatilor de creditare stringency/tightening of credit ~ a dividendelor - dividend limitation/ restraint ~ a pietelor - decline of the markets a schimburilor exchange restriction restrans adj. restricted, limited; (despre piata financiara) stringent restrictiv adj. restrictive, limiting; (despre o clauzd) saving restrictie s.f. restriction, limitation, qualification; (mgrddire, restrangere) restraint, constraint ~ legala - legal constraint restrictii bugetare severe - ax(e) ~ calitative - qualitative restrictions ~ cantitative - quantitative restrictions ~ comerciale - trade restrictions, restraint of trade ~ de contingentare - quota restrictions ~ discriminatorii - discriminating/ discriminatory restrictions ~ la export - export restrictions ~ la import - import restrictions ~ salariale - wage restraints
~ valutare - exchange restrictions

restructura v.t. to restructure, to reorganize resursa s.f. resource; pi. resources, means, ability

302

RES-REU

resurse de materii prime - primary resources ~ economice - economic resources ~ financiare - resources, funds ~ hidroenergetice - water-power resources ~ naturale - natural resources ~ umane - human resources resedinta s.f. residence, abode, domicile; dwelling place retentie s.f. lien; (sechestru) distress, distraint retrage v.t. (depuneri, mdrfuri etc.) to withdraw; (o suma din fonduri, economii) to draw; (bani din circulate} to retire; {monede din circulatie pentru mtdrirea bancnotelor) to immobilize v.r. 1. (a se pensiona) to retire 2. (din afaceri, activitate) to retire, to draw back, to give up retragere s.f. 1. (de depuneri, de mdrfuri etc.) withdrawal; (o suma din fonduri, economii) drawing, draw; (bani din circulatie) retirement; (de monede din circulatie pentru mtdrirea bancnotelor) immobilization 2. (din activitate, afaceri) retirement ~ a actiunii - (injustitie) nonsuit ~ de numerar - cash withdrawal ~ masiva a depunerilor bancare - run on banks ~ temporara a unei licente suspension of a licence retribui v.t. to remunerate, to pay retributie s.f. remuneration, pay ~ in functie de performante performance-related pay retroactiv adj. retroactive a avea efect- - (despre legi) to retroact retroceda v. (. to reconvey, to recede, to retrocede

retrograda v.t. (un salariat din cauza

rezultatelor nesatisfdcdtoare sau a comportamentului) to demote

retrogradare s.f. demotion returna v.t. to send back returnabil adj. returnable retea s.f. (comerciald, de drumuri etc.) network; (feroviard, rutierd, electricd etc.) system; chain ~ comerciala - trading network ~ de alimentare cu apa - supply system/network ~ de calculatoare - computer network ~ de conducte - pipe system ~ de magazine - chain store ~ de sucursale - branch network ~ de sosele/drumuri - highway system ~ feroviara - railway system/network; (SUA) railroad system ~ rutiera - road network retine v.t. 1. to withhold, to deduct; (o suma) to keep back; (salariul etc.) to retain, to hold back, to withhold; (cotizatii sindicale din salariu) to check off 2. (locuri, bilete) to book; (o camera) to engage, to bespeak retinere s.f. withholding, deduction, retention ~ de salariu - (in cazul nerambursdrii
unui credit) wage assignment

~ din salariu - (a cotizatiilor sindicale) checkoff; (pentru plata impozitelor, a asigurdrilor sociale etc.) deductions from pay; (conform legislatiei in vigoare) statutory deduction reuniune s.f. reunion; (adunare) assembly, meeting reusi v.;'. (in) to succeed (in), to be successful (in) ~ in afaceri - to be successful in business

REU-REZ

n r\'y

->03

~ mtr-o tranzactie/afacere - to get the best of a bargain/deal a nu ~ in - to fail in reutila v.t. to retool, to re-equip revaloriza v.t. (moneda nationals in raport cu etalonul de referinta) to revalorize revanzare s.f. resale revendica v.t. to claim, to demand, to request; (drepturi) to assert revendicare s.f. claim, demand, request; (de drepturi) assertion revendicari salariale - wage claims revinde v.t. to resell, to sell again revista s.f. magazine, periodical; journal; (lunard) monthly; (bilunara) fortnightly; (sdptdmdnala) weekly; (mai ales de literaturd, stiintd etc.) review ~ a presei - press review ~ de anunturi/reclame - advertiser ~ de specialitate - specialized review ~ economics - trade journal ~ interna - (a unei firme) house magazine revizie s.f. 1. revision, examination; control; (tehnica) inspection, overhaul(ing) 2. (contabila) audit ~ contabila - audit ~ generala - (general) overhaul ~ tehnica - technical inspection/' revision, maintenance inspection reviior s.m. inspector; controller ~ contabil - auditor revizui v.t. 1. to control, to inspect; (tehnic) to overhaul 2. (cant.) to audit revoca v.t. 1. to revoke; (a anula) to repeal, to cancel 2. (a destitui) to dismiss; (tin ambasador din post) to recall revocabil adj. revocable, callable

revocare s.f. 1. revocation; (anulare) repeal, cancellation 2. (destituire) dismissal; (a unui ambasador din post) recall 3. (rambursarea unei emisiuni de obligatiuni sau actiuni preferentiale inainte de scadenta) call ~ a unui ordin de plata - stop payment revolutie s.f. revolution ~ industrials industrial revolution ~ manageriala (schimbare profundd a principiilor de management si conducere a firmelor de afaceri) managerial revolution ~ verde - (denumire data ansamblului de actiuni si mdsuri de ameliorare geneticd a semintelor pentru culturile de baza, in vederea mdririi productiei agricole in zonele si tarile cu deficit alimentar accentual) green revolution rezerva s.f. 1. reserve; stock, deposit 2. (fin.) reserve; (provizion) provision 3. (restrictie, conditie, clauzd limitativa) reserve, condition, qualification; stipulation ~ de aur - gold reserve ~ de capital - capital reserve, stock of capital; (a unei band) surplus reserve ~ de numerar - stock of cash ~ din reevaluare - (a activelor) (cont.) revaluation reserve ~ extraordinara - (a unei band) extraordinary reserve ~ generala - (pentru acoperirea necesarului de fond de rulment) general reserve ~ lichida - (disponibild pentru
plasamente imediate) cash reserve

~ metalica - (fin.) (in lingouri) bullion

reserve; (in monede si lingouri) coin

and bullion

304

REZ-RID

~ pentru cheltuieli neprevazute contingent reserve ~ valutara - reserve currency rezerve ale societatii - (constituite din profit) company reserves ~ ascunse/secrete - (delict de bilant care constd in denaturarea inregistrdrilor contabile prin subevaluarea activelor) (cont.) hidden/inner/secret reserves ~ bancare - bank reserves ~ bugetare - budget reserves ~ excedentare - {ale unei band) excess reserves ~ facultative {rezerve de capital a cdror constitute mi este obligatorie) voluntary reserves ~ in numerar - vault cash ~ legale - (yaloarea minima a lichiditdtii pe care o bancd este obligatd prin lege sd o detina) legal/statutory reserves ~ minime obligatorii - {ale unei band) minimum reserve requirements ~ pentru credite neperformante bad debts reserves ~ primare - {rezerve bancare care asigurd lichiditdti imediate, dar nu genereazd venituri) primary reserves ~ proprii {rezervele bancare minus cantitatea imprumutatd de band de la Banca Rezervelor Federale) {SUA) unborrowed reserves ~ secundare - {reserve bancare investite pe termen scurf) secondary reserves ~ strategice - strategic stocks ~ valutare i de aur - gold and foreign exchange reserves

~ vizibile/declarate - {mentionate in bilantui contabil) {cont.) visible reserves a constitui ~ - to build up reserves a retrage sume din fondurile de ~ to draw on the reserves rezident s.m. resident rezidenta s.f. residence rezidual adj. 1. residual 2. {dr.) residuary reziduu s.n. residuum, residue, remnant rezilia v.t. (un contract, o conventie) to cancel, to annul, to rescind, to terminate, to undo, to void, to dissolve reziliere s.f. cancellation, annulment, rescission, termination, voidance, dissolution rezistenta s.f. 1. resistance 2. {a materialelor) strength ~ a consumatorilor - consumer resistance ~ a materialelor - strength of materials ~ la cumparare - {in ciuda publicitdtii) sales resistance/apathy ~ la uzura - wear resistance rezolutie s.f. resolution a adopta o ~ - to pass/to adopt/to approve/to carry a resolution a propune o ~ - to move/to submit/to table a resolution rezuma v.t. to brief, to sum up, to summarize rezamats.n. summary, brief, resume ~ al principalelor $tiri - {la radio, televiziune) headlines ridica v.t. 1. to raise; {greiitdti) to lift, to heave, to hoist 2. (a suspendu) to suspend; {restrictii} to withdraw, to remove 3. {a mdri) to increase;

RID-RIS

305

(preturi) to raise, to scale up, to put up 4. (o sedinta) to break up v.r. 1. (/a) to amount/to come to, to run into 2. (brusc; despre preturi) to zoom up, to skyrocket ~ obiectii - to raise/to make objections ~ pretentii - to raise claims ~ preturile fortat/artificial - to force up the prices ridicare s.f. 1. raising; (de greutdti) lifting, heaving, -hoisting 2. (suspen-dare) suspension; (de restrictii) withdrawal, removal 3. (crestere) growth; (mdrire) increase; (imbu-ndtdtire) improvement, betterment ~ a preturilor rise in prices ~ a salariilor - wage increase ~ brusca a preturilor -jump in prices ~ topografica topographic(al)/land survey ring s.n. (incintd circulard din sala bursei, unde actioneazd agentil) ring rise s.n. risk, hazard; (asig. mar.) adventure ~ acoperit - (prin asigurare) covered risk ~ al afacerii - business risk ~ al armatorului - owner's risk ~ al carauului - can'ier's risk ~ al cumparatorului - buyer's risk ~ al inflatiei - inflation risk ~ al incarcatorului - (asig. mar.) shipper's risk ~ al nemdeplinirii obligatiilor - (in tranzactiile de comert exterior) noncompletion risk ~ al puterii de cumparare -purchasing power risk ~ asigurabil - insurable risk ~ asigurat - insured risk, risk insured ~ comercial - commercial/trade risk

~ comun (atdt pentru navd, cat yi pentru caric) (asig. mar.) common adventure ~ corporativ - (la alocarea capi-talului, acesta reflectd efectele unui proiect asupra riscuhd finnei, mdsurat ca efect asupra variabilitdtii profitului firmei) corporate risk ~ de accidente profesionale/de munca occupational hazard ~ de captura - (asig. mar.) risk of seizure ~ de coliziune/abordaj - (asig. mar.) risk of collision ~ de credit - credit risk ~ de firma - (riscul de baza inerent activitdtii de exploatare a firmei) (fin.) business risk ~ de frauda - fraud risk ~ de flirt - theft risk ~ de gheturi - (asig. mar.) ice risk ~ de incendiu - fire risk ~ de incetare de plata - default risk ~ de lichiditate (incapacitated intermediarilor financiari de a onora obligatiile financiare pe termen scurf) liquidity risk ~ de prejudiciu adus unui tert -(asig.) third-party risk ~ de spargere - (a coletelor de mar/a) breakage risk ~ de suveranitate - (riscul expro-prierii activelor unei filiale struine de cdtre taragazdd sail restrictii nepre-vazute asupra fluxurilor de numerar cdtre companiamama) sovereign risk ~ de transbordare transshipment risk, risk of boats/craft ~ de tranzactie - (riscul valutar da-torat diferentelor de curs in tranzactiile

306

RIS-ROL

comerciale Internationale) transaction risk ~ de tara - (fin.) country risk ~ descoperit/neacoperit - (fard asigurare) uncovered risk ~ financiar - {riscul de a nu mai putea acoperi cheltuielile fixe financiare dobanzi, dividende preferentiale, fonduri de amortizare) financial risk ~ iminent - (asig.) immediate risk ~ incalculabil - (asig.) incalculable risk ~ intrinsec - (asig.) inherent risk ~ maritim (marine/maritime) adventure, marine/maritime risk, risk at sea ~ moral (comportament necinstit sau neglijentd a persoanelor care nu suportd costurile actelor lor, situatie generatd de existenta unei asigurdri etc.) moral hazard ~ neasigurabil - noninsurable/ uninsurable risk ~ nesistematic - (riscul diversificabil sau specific unei anumite companii, cauzat de factori caracteristici aces-teia, care poate fi eliminat prin pds-trarea actiunilor companiei intr-un portofoliu diversificat) unsystematic risk ~ operational - (riscul care existd in conditii de functionare normald a bdncii) (fin.) operating risk ~ politic - political risk ~ profesional professional risk ~ sistematic/relevant/de piata - (acea parte din riscul unui titlu de valoare, care rezultd din oscilatiile pietei bursiere si nu poate fi eliminat prin diversificare) (bur., fin.) systematic/ relevant/market risk

~ special/suplimentar - (asig.) extra/ additional risk ~ total - (abaterea standard a unui titlu de valoare) (fin.) total risk ~ valutar/al cursului de schimb foreign exchange risk a se expune unui ~ - to incur a risk risca v.t. to risk, to venture; (bani mtr-o afacere) to stake ripisa s.f. waste, wastage; (de bani, timp etc.) squander; thriftlessness risipi v.t. 1. to scatter, to disperse; (din mar/a) to spill 2. (bani, timp etc.) to waste, to squander (away) risipitor adj. wasteful, spendthrift, thriftless s.m. squanderer, spendthrift risturna s.f. return, refund; rebate ~ de navlu - (mar.) deferred rebate ~ de prima - (asig.) premium refund ritms.n. rate ~ de circulatie a marfurilor - rate of turnover ~ de cre$tere economica - economic growth rate ~ de productie - rate of production rival adj., s.m. rival rivalitate s.f. (concurentd) rivalry, contention riveran adj. riverain, riparian, river (-side) s.m. riverain, riparian, riverside resident robot s. m. robot robotica s.f. robotics rodi v.i. to bear/to yield fruits, to fruit roditor adj. 1. fruit-bearing, fruitful 2. fertile, rich rol s.n. 1. roll, list; register 2. (dr.) (de procese) cause list, docket; (calendar de termene) calendar ~ de echipaj - (mar.) ship's ledger/ articles, muster roll/book

ROL-RUT

~ de impozite - assessment roll a trece pe ~ - (un proces) {dr.) to docket rotatie s.f. 1. rotatie 2. (cifra de afaceri; randament) turnover ~ a activelor fixe - (raportui dintre vdnzari si activele fixe, care mdsoard utilizarea instalatiilor si a echipamentelor) fixed assets turnover ~ a activului total - (raportui dintre vdnzari si activul total) total assets turnover ~ a capitalului - (circuitui capitalului privit ca proces continuii} capital turnover ~ a culturilor agricole - (asolamenf) rotation/succession/shift of crops ~ a directorilor - rotation of directors ~ a sarcinilor/posturilor-job rotation ~ a stocurilor - (raportui dintre vdnzari si stocuri) inventory turnover rotund adj. (despre cifre) round;
(despre o sumd de bani) even

rotunji v.t. {calcule, cifre} to round off ruina v.t. (afalimentd} to break
307

ruin at adj. (falit) broken ruja v.t. (incdrcdtura uhei nave, a unui avion prin distribuirea ei uniforma) to trim ru]ar s.m. trimmer rujare s.f. trim, trimming rula v.t. {bani, fondtiri) to circulate rulaj s.n. (cont.,fin.) turnover runda s.f. (de negocieri) round rural adj. rural ruta s.f. route, course, way ~ comerciala - trade route ~ de navigatie - (shipping) lane, shipping/sailing route, navigation course ~ de transport de marfa de mare viteza - (c./) fast freight line ~ directa - direct route ~ fluviala - inland route ~ maritima - sea route ~ terestra - overland route ~ oceanica - ocean lane a schimba ruta - to reroute
rutier adj. road...

s
sac s.m. (pentru marfd, de man me standard) bag,sack '~- de hartie - paper bag --deiuta-jute bag ~ de plastic - plastic bag "- neumplut - slack bag sacrifica v.t. (animale) to slaughter, to kill salariat adj. (despre oameni sau posturi) salaried; (renmnerat, retribuit) remunerated; stipendiary; (despre oameni) wage-earning, wageworking; (despre munca) paid s.m. wage earner; (functionar intr-o societate privatd) salaried employee/man, salary earner; (functionar la stat) civil servant, office worker; (muncitor salariat) wage-worker, salaried worker; pi. the salariat ~ pensionat - retired employee ~ permanent - permanent employee salariu s.n. (pentru munca manuald, mecanizatd, prestarea de servicii) wage(s); (al persoanei care face alte munci deceit cele mamiale sau meca-nizate ori prestdri de servicii) salary, pay ~ brut - gross wage ~ colectiv - collective wage ~ de baza - basic wage ~ de concediere dismissal wage/pay/ compensation ~ derizoriu - pittance ~ diterential - differential pay, wage differential ~ direct - (in corelafie cu munca prestata) direct wage ~ estimat in viitor - wage expectations ~ indirect - (acea parte a salariului pidtitd dupa alte criterii decdt. munca prestata) indirect wage ~ in acord - piece wage/rate, job/task
wage

~ in natura - truck wage ~ just - fair wage - lunar - monthly wage - minim/de subzistenta - minimum/ subsistence/living wage, fall-back pay ~ minim de cretere - minimum growing wage - net - net wage, take-home pay ~ nominal - nominal wage ~ pe unitatea de timp - time wage ~ permanent/'regulat - regular salary " platit prin cec - paycheck ~ real - real wage ~ saptamanal - weekly wage ~ tarifar - tariff wage/rate salarii curente - going wages ~ direct productive - productive
wages

~ progresive - (in functie de productivitate) progressive/incentive wages ~ si lefuri - wages and salaries salariza v.t. to pay (salary to); to remunerate ~ insuficient - to underpay salarizare s.f. wages pay, paying a salary to, remuneration of sala s.f. (mare, mai ales intr-o cladire publicd) hall; (camera, mcdpere) room; (]~>entru prelegeri) lecture room ~ de ateptare - waiting room -- de audiente - audience chamber ~ de consiliu - board room

SAL-SAR

309

~ de expozitie - showroom, exhibition room ~ de tntruniri - assembly hall -de licitatie - auction room. mart ~ de vanzare de bilete - book hall ~ principals - (a unei burse) floor salopeta s.f. overalls, coveralls sanctiona v.t. 1. to penalize, to sanction 2. (a aprobu) to sanction, to agree to sanctiune s.f. 1. sanction, penalty; (pentm incalcarea unui contract) forfeit, forfeiture 2. (aprobare) sanction, approbation, approval sanctiuni economice - economic/trade sanctions sanitar adj. sanitary, health... sarcina s.f. 1. (incarcatura) load, burden; (greutate) weight 2. (garantie, ipoteca) encumbrance, charge 3. (ms-pundere, responsabilitate, custodie, tutela) (dr.) charge 4. (obligatie) charge, burden, imposition, onus; (mdatorire) assignment, task; (obligate) obligation 5. pi. (impolite, taxe, impuner'i) charges, taxes, imposts ~ a probelor - (dr.) onus probandi, burden of proof - admisa/admisibila - allowable' permissible load ~ critica - critical load ~ de exploatare - operating/service load ~ efectiva - effective load ~ fixa - (dreptui creditorului fund
limitat la un amimit activ al unei societuti) fixed charge ~ flotanta - (dreptui creditorului extinzdndu-se la toate activele unei societati) floating charge ~ grea - heavy lift

~ ipotecara - mortgage charge ~ limita - ultimate load ~ maxima - maximum/peak load ~ maxima admisa - safe load ~ neta - net load ~ nominala - rated load ~ partiala/incompleta - underload ~ totala - full/total load ~ utila/comerciala - useful/service load, payload sarcini fiscale - tax burden ~ pe active - charges on assets ~ prioritare - (plafa prioritara a dividendelor la actiunile preferentiale) prior charges satisfactie s.f. satisfaction ~ a muncii - (sutisfactia pe care un lucrdtor o obtine din activitatea so) (man.)]db satisfaction saturare ,>./ saturation ~ a pietei - market saturation sanatate s.f. health ~ publica - public health saptamanal adj. weekly, hebdomadal, hebdomadary^./i. weekly (publication) saptamana s.f. week ~ de lucru - working week sarac adj. poor; (nevoia^) destituite, needy, indigent; (jam barn, strdmtorat) moneyless, impecunious, hard-up; (sdrdcdcios, redus) scanty s.m. poor/ indigent person, pauper saraci v.t. to beggar, to impoverish, to make poor; (a pauperiza) to pauperize v.;'. to grow/to become poor, to become impoverished saracie s.f. poverty; (nevoie) destitution, necessity, need(iness); (lips a) want, scarcity, dearth, lack, paucity: (pauperism) pauperism ~ absoluta - absolute poverty

310

SAL-SCH

~ relativa - relative poverty sarbatoare s.f. 1. (zi nelncrdtoare) day of rest, rest day; (zi liberd la scoala) play day 2. (care se prdznuieste) holiday, high day, feast; (marcatd cu rosu in calendar) red-letter day ~ legala - legal/public/statutory holiday; (pentru band) bank holiday scadent adj. (falling) due, mature a fi ~ - to fall due scadenta s.f. due date/day, prompt date, maturity, term; (a unei cambii) tenor ~ comuna - (a mai multor titluri de valoare) equation of payments ~ medie - (calculatd in functie de diferite sume care trebuie platite la date diferite) average due date a ajunge la ~ - to fall due, to mature; (despre o datorie) to fall in scara s.f. 1. (fixd) stairs, staircase; (mobild) ladder 2. (scald) scale ~ de impozite - tax scale ~ de incendiu - fire escape ~ de normare - rating scale ~ de pescaj - (mar.) draught/draft scale ~ de serviciu - back stairs ~ grafica - (a hdrtii) graphic scale ~ ierarhica - scale of ranks, hierarchy ~ mobila - (de venituri, cheltuieli) sliding scale ~ rulanta - rolling/moving stairway scadea v.t. 1. (cifre) to subtract, to figure out; (pretui) to mark down 2. (a reduce, a micsora, a diminua) to lessen, to diminish, to lower v.i. to diminish, to decrease; (despre preturi, tarife) to lower, to fall, to decline, to go down, to sag, to sink, to weaken; (despre incasdri, profituri) to fall off;

(despre cursuri bursiere) to trade down, to slump scadere s.f. 1. (de cifre) subtraction 2. (reducere, micsorare, diminuare) reduction, diminution, lowering, decrease, decline; (a activitdtii economice) downturn, downswink ~ a cifrei de afaceri - reduction in turnover ~ a cursului - (bur.) (care urmeazd unei perioade de cresteri) setback; (bruscd) slump ~ a preturilor - decline in prices, markdown ~ accentuata a preturilor - (bur.) sliding trend ~ uoara a preturilor - slight decline in prices ~ vertiginoasa a preturilor - collapse of prices scazut adj. (despre pretiiri, tarife) low, weak schela s.f. (sondd) oil derrick; (santier) oilfield schema s.f. 1. diagram, chart, scheme, schedule 2. (de personal) establishment, table of functions and wages ~ a oportunitatilor de investitii -(grafic al oportunitatilor de investitii ale firmei clasate in ordinea ratei rentabilitdtii proiectelor) investment opportunity schedule ~ de incarcare - loading chart, scheme of loading ~ de stivuire - stowage diagram schimb s.n. 1. exchange; (troc) truck; (barter) barter 2. (de lucru) shift ~ de actiuni - (mire doud sau mai multe companii care fuzioneaza) exchange of shares

SCH-SCR

311

~ de dupa-amiaza - afternoon/swing shift ~ de experienta - exchange/pooling/ sharing of experience ~ de instrumente de ratificare exchange of ratifications ~ de lucru - working shift ~ de lucru divizat - (in dona sau mai multe ture pentru a acoperi orele de vdrf) split shift ~ de marfuri - exchange of goods/ commodities ~ de noapte - night shift ~ de seara - twilight shift ~ de zi - day shift ~ dublu - (cu efectiv dublu) double shift ~ financiar de creante - (cedarea unor creante, detinute de o banca, in schimbul unui alt activ; schimbarea unei creante dintr-o anumitd valuta in altd valuta; transformarea unei datorii cu dobdndd fixd intr-o datorie cu dobdndd variabila) swap ~ in natura - (troc) swap, swapping ~ la paritate - exchange at parity ~ valutar - foreign exchange ~ valutar direct - (intre doud tdri, valuta uneia fund cotatd in raport cu valuta celeilalte tdri) direct exchange ~ valutar indirect - (intre doud tdri, folosindu-se valuta unei a treia tdri) indirect exchange schimba v.t. 1. to change; (a inlocui) to replace; (a modified} to modify, to alter, to shift; (a face schimb de) to exchange 2. (bani) to change; (bani in unitdti subdivizionare) to break; (a convert!) to convert

schimbare s.f. changing; change; exchange; modification, alteration, shift ~ a preturilor - variation of prices ~ a unui produs vechi cu unul nou (cumpdrarea unui automobil, a unui frigider etc. nou prin restituirea celui vechi firmei care l-a produs si achitarea unei diferente de pret) trade-in ~ in continutui unei functii - shift in the function scoate v.t. 1. to take/to draw/to pull out 2. (din Idzi, cutii) to uncase, to unbox 3. (un certificat, un act) to take out 4. (a cdstiga, a obtine) to get, to obtain ~ bani de la banca - to draw money (from a bank) ~ castiguri mari de pe urma - to derive large profits from ~ din doc - to undock ~ din functiune - to disable; {un utilaj, o instalatie) to shut down ~ din vama - to clear through the customs a-$i ~ cheltuielile - to cover one's expenses scont5\/2. discount ~ comercial - bank/banker's discount sconta v.t. to discount, to take on discount scontare s.f. (pperatiune prin care banca il crediteazd pe posesorul unui efect de corner} nescadent cu valoarea netd a acestuia, prelevdnd dobdnda ^i comisionul aferent transferului de creanta) discount scontator^.m. discounter scop s.n. goal, aim, purpose scriptic adj. on the staff scrisoare s.f letter

312

SCR-SCU

~ cu semnaturile autorizate mandate form ~ cu valoare declarata - insured/value letter ~ de acordare a dreptului de retentie -(dr.) letter of lien ~ de apel - (adresatd unui actionar pentru a plati actiunile detimite) call letter ~ de avizare - letter of advice, advice note ~ de cerere de informatii sau de oferta - letter of inquiry ~ de cerere de subscriere la actiuni letter of application ~ de confirmare - follow-up letter ~ de credit - letter of credit ~ de credit anticipate - anticipatory letter of credit ~ de credit circulara - circular letter of credit ~ de credit comerciala - commercial letter of credit ~ de credit de calatorie - traveller's letter of credit ~ de credit deschisa/fara conditii open letter of credit ~ de depunere - (ca garantie) letter of deposit ~ de gaj - letter of hypothecation ~ de garantie - (a rnarfii) letter of indemnity, backward/back letter; (a navel) letter of guarantee ~ de garantie a incarcatorului shipper's guarantee ~ de garantie bancara de executare (ci contractului) performance/contract bond ~ de garantie vamala - (pentru platu taxelor vamale de import) customs bond

~ de intentie - letter of intent ~ de msotire - covering letter ~ de numire - (intr-un post) letter of appointment ~ de preocupare - (trimisa de banca unui client cu dificultdti fmanciare) letter of concern ~ de rapel/revenire - letter of reminder ~ de recomandare - letter of introduction/recommendation ~ de renuntare - (la atribuirea de actiuni) letter of renunciation ~ de sprijin/recomandare - (pentru obtinerea unui imprumuf) letter of comfort ~ de scuze - (pentru respingerea cereru de subscriere la actiuni) letter of regret ~ de trasura - (contract pentru transportui de mdrfuri) consignment note, waybill ~ tnchisa - sealed letter ~ neconfirmata - unacknowledged letter ~ nedatata - undated letter ~ recomandata - registered letter; {SUA) certified mail ~ returnata i neinmanata expeditorului - dead letter ~ - tip - set form of a letter scrisori de acreditare - letters of credence scump adj. expensive, dear scumpete s.f. expensiveness, costliness, deamess, dearth scumpi v.t. to raise/to put up the price of v.r. to grow/to get dearer, to rise/to increase/to advance/to go up in price

SCU-SEC

313

scurgere s.f. 1. (printr-o crdpdturd, spartura) leakage, leaking; flowing, wastage 2. (a capitalului) efflux ~ accidentals (cu efect poluant) accidental leakage, spillage ~ de marfa cargo leaking ~ din sac - leakage from bag scuti v.t. to exempt; (a exonera) to exonerate; (de o sarcind, o obligatie etc.) to privilege; (de impozite partial sau total} to derate scutire s.f. exemption; (exonerare) exoneration; (de taxe, impozite etc.) immunity; (de impozite partial sau total) derating ~ de impozite - exemption from taxation, freedom from tax, tax exemption ~ de taxe vamale - exemption from duty scutit adj. exempt (from), free (of) ~ de chirie sau arenda - rent-free, free of rent ~ de impozite - tax-exempt/-free ~ de impunere - exempt from taxation ~ de navlu - (mar.) free of freight ~ de taxe postale - post-free ~ de taxe vamale duty-free, free of duty secara s.f. rye secatui v.t. to exhaust, to deplete; (a sdrdci) to impoverish sechestra v.t. (dr.) to sequester, to sequestrate, to distrain, to seize, to attach; (o navd) to arrest sechestru s.n. sequester, sequestration, distraint, distrainment, seizure, garnishment, attachment; (asupra navel) arrest ~ asigurator conservative seizure

~ asupra bunurilor imobiliare -seizure of real estate/property ~ asupra bunurilor mobiliare -seizure of movable property ~ executor - execution ~ in revendicare seizure under a prior claim ~ judiciar - seizure under legal process a pune- pe - to levy/to lay a distraint upon a scoate de sub ~ - to replevy secret adj. secret; confidential s.n. secret; secrecy ~ bancar - banking secrecy ~ comercial/industrial - trade secret ~ profesional professional secret secretar.s-.rn. secretary ~ de redactie editorial secretary ~ de stat - Secretary of State ~ general - Secretary-General ~ particular - personal/private secretary ~ responsabil cu clasarea docu-mentelor - filing clerk ~ responsabil cu corespondenta -correspondence clerk secretariat s.n. 1. (serviciu, birou) secretariat 2. (functie) secretaryship sector s.n, 1. sector; department 2. district ~ corporativ/al corporatiilor - (in economic) corporate sector ~ de servicii service department ~ economic cheie - key sector of the economy ~ institutional - (totalul unitdtilor economice sau institutionale care an un comportament analog) institutional sector

314

SEC-SEM

~ mixt - (in care se combind proprietatea publicd cu cea privata) mixed

sector

~ petrolifer - oil area/land/zone ~ privat - private sector ~ public/de stat - public sector sectie s.f. 1. section; department; division 2. (intr-o uzind) workshop ~ de politic - police station ~ de productie/exploatare production/operations department ~ de votare - polling station ~ financiara - tax administration, taxation authorities ~ postuniversitara - (pentru doctoral) graduate school securitate s.f. safety, security ~ a muncii - labour safety ~ alimentara - food security ~ sociala - social security sediu s.n. (al unei firme) office; {central) headquarters ~ central/principal - headquarters, head/home office; (al unui holding) group headquarters ~ social - registered office segment s.n. segment ~ de piata - market share segmentare s.f. segmentation ~ a pietei - market segmentation ~ concentrata - (marketingul niselor de piata, identificarea si exploatarea unui segment ingust de piata) concentrated segmentation seif s.n. safe (deposit), strongbox, vault, coffer ~ de noapte - (seif cu usa amplasatd pefatada exterioard a unei band, unde clientii pot veni sa-si depoziteze numerarul in afara orelor de program ale bdncii) night safe

selectare s.f. (a celei mat bune alternative) (man.) screening selectie s.f. selection, choice ~ de portofoliu - portfolio selection ~ ponderata - balanced sample semana v.t. to sow, to seed; (in randuri) to drill semanatoare s.f. sowing machine semicalificat adj. semiskilled semicontainer s.n. (pentru mdrfuri in vrac) half-height container ~ deschis/fara capac - half-height/ open-top container semifabricat adj. semifinished, semimanufactured s.n. pi. semifinished/ half-finished/unfinished goods/products, intermediate goods/ products semipreparate s.n. pi. (culinare) readyto-cook foods semna v.t. 1. to sign, to subscribe 2. (transferul sau renuntarea la o proprietate) to sign away ~ in alb - to sign in blank ~ in condica - (la intrarea in serviciu) to sign in; (la iesirea din serviciu) to sign off ~ in mod solidar - to sign jointly ~ in numele cuiva - to sign on behalf of smb. ~ pe verso - to endorse ~ prin procura - to sign per proxy semnat adj. signed ~ personal/man u propria signed personally/in own hand semnatar adj. signatory s.m. signer. signatory, subscriber semnatura s.f. signature ~ autorizata authorized signature ~ colectiva -joint signature ~ de complezenta - bogus signature

SEM-SER

315

~ falsa - forged signature ~ ilizibila/indescifrabila - illegible signature ~ in alb - blank signature ~ neautorizata - unauthorized signature ~ originala - authograph ~ prin procura - signature by procuration/proxy ~ sociala - signature of the firm sentinta s.f, (a jiidecdtorului) judgement, sentence, decision, decree; (a juratilor) verdict; (a unui arbitru) award ~ de amanare - adjournment ~ de desistare - judgement upon withdrawal of suit ~ de jurisdictie contecioasa sentence in disputed matters ~ de rejudecare/trimitere - remand ~ definitiva/executorie - final judgement ~ civila -judgement in civil matters ~ in contumacie - judgement by default ~ irevocabila - decree absolute ~ in favoarea reclamantului judgement for the plaintiff ~ penala -judgement in criminal case ~ provizorie/interlocutorie interlocutory judgement a da o ~ - to pass/to give/to deliver a sentence; (de arbitral) to make an award serie s.f. 1. series 2. (set) set ~ de cambii - set of bills of exchange ~ de conosamente - set of bills of lading series adj. (despre o sitiiatie, o chestiune) serious, grave; (despre o persoana) serious-minded; (despre un

cumpdrdtor) genuine; (despre o oferta) bona-fide... servi v.t. (un client) to serve, to attend to, to wait on serviciu s.n. 1. service; job, employment; (pbligatie de serviciu) duty 2. (ingrijire, servire, deservire) attendance 3. (sectie) department 4. (facut cuiva) service rendered 5. (de obiecte) set, service ~ al datoriei externe - (totalitatea obligatiilor de, platd externe, derivate din datoria externa, pe parcursul unui an) foreign debt service ~ al datoriei publice - (totalitatea obligatiilor de platd ale debitorilor publici, decurgand din datoria ptiblicd, pe parcursul unui an) public debt service ~ comercial/de vanzari - sales department ~ consultativ - advisory service ~ contabil - accounting/accounts department ~ contractual - contract service ~ cu norma intreaga - full-time job/ employment/work ~ cu norma partiala/program redus - part-time job/employment/work ~ de aprovizionare-desfacere supply-delivery service ~ de camera - (intr-un hotel) room service ~ de cercetare - research department ~ de consultants manageriala (serviciu intern al unei firme) management sei"vices ~ de contencios - legal department ~ de corespondenta - correspondence department ~ de credite - credit department

316

SER-SEZ

~ de decontare a cecurilor - (serviciu bancar) transit department '- de expeditii - dispatch/forwarding department ~ de Tncasari - collection department ~ de intretinere - repair/maintenance service, service agreement ~ de medicina muncii - occupational health sendee ~ de mesagerie - parcel delivery/post/ service; (SUA) expressage ~ de personal - personnel/staff/ appointments department ~ de publicitate - advertising/publicity department ~ de reclamatii - complaint section ~ de reconciliere a conturilor - (cu
evidentele clientului unei band)

account reconcilement service - de ridicare si livrare la domiciliu collection and deliver}' ~ de scont - discount department ~ de stivuire - stevedore service ~ de transport - transport service ~ ,,din usa in usa" - {serviciu de
livrare a marfii pand la fiecare

destinatar) door-to-door service ~ financiar - finance department hidrografic - hydrographic department/'service/office ~ meteorologic - weather service - periferic - (care este oferit pe Idiiga serviciile bancare de baza fird comision) peripheral sendee ~ permanent - regular employment ~ postvanzare/de intretinere - after-sales service ~ postal - mail/postal service ~ sezonier - seasonal employment ~ social - social service ~ statistic - statistical department

~ tehnic - engineering department ~ telefonic - telephone service ~- valutar exchange department servicii bancare banking services ~ bancare la domiciliu (sistem de tranzaclii bancare prin computerul personal conectat la reteaua bancil) home banking ~ bancare principale/de baza - basic banking ~ comerciale - commercial services ~ de asistenta medicala - health service ~ directe (altele deceit cele comerciale, mdeplinite de medici, avocati, functionari etc.} direct services ~ edilitare/municipale - social overheads ~ publice - public utilities ~ regulate scheduled services servieta s.f. portfolio; (diplomat} attache case; (pentru documente, de avocat) briefcase servitor.9. m. servant, attendant servitute s.f. (dr.) servitude, easement sets.n. set ~ de cambii - set of bills of exchange ~ de conosamente - set of bills of lading ~ de oportunitate - (toate datele risc-rentabilitate referitoare la o investitie) (fin.) opportunity set ~ de scule - tool kit/outfit/set sezons.n. season '" de navigatie - navigation/shipping season ~ de pescuit - fishing season ~ deschis (de vanatoare, pescuit) open season ~ mort - dead/'slaclc/dull/iow season, offseason/-time

SEZ-SIN

317

~ plin/de varf - rush/peak/throng season ~ turistic - high season sezonier adj. seasonal sfarsit5./i. end; (mcetare) cessation ~ al exercitiului nnanciar - end of the financial year ~ de luna - (corn., bur.) ultimo sfera s.f. (domeniu) sphere, field, domain ~ a afacerilor - sphere/line of business ~ de activitate - sphere/field of activity, branch ~ de influenta - sphere of influence ~ de productie - sphere/field of production, output area sfert s.n. quarter; (de pintu, iincie etc.) quartern ~ de dolar - (american sou Canadian, monedd de 25 de centi) quarter ~ de galon (imitate de mdsurd pentru capacitate) quart siderurgie s.f. metallurgy of iron and steel sigila v.t. (cu plumb de garantie) to seal sigiliu s.n. (plombd/plumb de garantie) seal ~ vamal - customs seal sigur adj. 1. (in sigurantd) secure, safe 2. (de incredere) reliable, trustworthy 3. (cu acoperire din punct de vedere financiar) copper-bottomed siguranta s.f. safety, security ~ a locului de munca -job security ~ In exploatare - operating safety/ reliability si\ozs.n. (grain) silo silvic adj. forest... silvicultor s.m. silviculturist, sylviculturist, forester

silvicultura s.f. silviculture, sylviculture, forestry simbol^.M. symbol ~- de status (simbol al pozitiei ocupate de o persoand sau un grup in societate) status symbol simulare s.f. simulation ~ a modelelor econometrice -simulation of econometric models ~ de management management game ~ de roluri - (man.) dramatization sindical adj. 1. trade-union... 2. (patronal) syndical(ist), syndicalistic sindicalism s.n. 1. trade unionism 2. (patronal) syndicalism ~ de sistem - (conceptie sindicald de a accepta si de a sustine sistemul capitalist, lupta sindicalelor limitdndu-se la imbundtdtirea conditiilor de mimed si de viatd) (SUA) business unionism sindicalist s.m. 1. trade unionist 2. (patronal syndicalist sindicaliza v.r. 1. to form a trade-union organization 2. (a se uni intr-un sindicat patronal) to syndicate sindicatj'./?. 1. (trade) union; organized labour 2. (patronal) syndicate ~ al asiguratorilor de caric - cargo syndicate ~ al feroviarilor - (SUA) railway brotherhood ~ al meseriasilor/muncitorilor din aceeasi specialitate - craft union ~ arbitrajist - arbitrage syndicate ~ bancar - banking syndicate ~ controlat de patronat - company union ~ de asiguratori maritimi - marine syndicate ~ de credit - loan syndicate

318

SIN-SIS

~ de/pe ramura - industrial union ~ de subscriere - (alcatuit din band si sodetdti de investitii pentru a acoperi riscul asocial lansarii si distribuirii unei emisiuni de titluri de valoare) underwriting syndicate ~ de subscriere a unei emisiuni de obligatiuni - bond syndicate ~ deschis - (care nil impune conditii restrictive pentru primirea de not membri) open trade union ~ galben - (care sustine patronatui) yellow trade union ~ inchis - (care impune conditii restrictive pentru primirea de noi membri) closed trade union ~ patronal - syndicate, employers' association ~ pe societate - company union ~ profesional - trade/trading association sinecura s.f. sinecure sinecurist-y.w. sinecurist sista v.t. (livrari, plati etc.) to cease, to suspend, to stop, to withhold ~ livrarea - to stop delivery ~ un ordin de plata/un cec - to stop payment/a cheque sistem^.n. system ~ al economiei de comanda command economy system ~ al economiei de piata - market economy system ~ al economiei nationale - national economy system ~ al marii proprietati funciare landlordism - bancar - banking system ~ bancar cu activitate corespondenta - correspondence banking

~ bancar dual - (cu reglementdri federale si de stat) (SUA) dual banking system ~ bancar fractionar - (prin care handle mentin rezervele proprii la un procent fix din depozitele clientilor) fractional (deposit) banking ~ bancar unitar - (in care nu se admit filial e) unit banking ~ contabil - accounting system ~ contabil fara registre - ledgerless accounting, file posting ~ contabil uniform - uniform system of accounts ~ cooperatist - cooperative system ~ de acte justificative - voucher system ~ de alimentare cu apa - waterworks ~ de calcul - computing system ~ de clasare/clasificare - filing system ~ de cliring - clearing system ~ de comenzi in cantitati fixe - fixed order system ~ de comenzi la intervale fixe -fixed interval reorder system ~ de depozitare warehousing system ~ de economisire din salariu - (prin care se scade regulat o suma de bani din salariu) save-as-you-eam scheme ~ de evidenta a intrarilor - (cont.) book entry system ~ de exploatare - operating system ~ de exploatare intensive - speed-up system ~ de livrari complexe - (materiale, servicii, consultants) package system ~ de munca bazata pe prime - work--on-thebonus system ~ de munca in acord - piece rate system

SIS-SIT

319

~ de plata in alimente - tommy system ~ de prelucrare automata a datelor automatic data processing system ~ de preturi comune - common prices system ~ de prevederi sociale - provident scheme ~ de prevenire timpurie - (sistem de identificare a institutiilor financiare care pot da faliment) early warning system ~ de previzionare si control al stocurilor - forecasting and control system ~ de prime - bonus scheme ~ de salarizare - wage system ~ de salarizare cu prime - premium wage system ~ de salarizare pe baza de norme zilnice - measured day work ~ de salarizare pentru munca in acord - task system of pay ~ de vanzari cu plata in rate installment plan/system, budget account ~ economic - economic system ~ economic capitalist - capitalist economic system ~ fiscal -'tax system ~ flexibil al programului de munca flexible hours system ~ informatic de gestiune management information system ~ metric - metric system ~ monetar - monetary system, coinage ~ monetar decimal - decimal coinage ~ monetar unificat - unified monetary system ~ stimulativ - (plan de stimulare in salarizare) incentive scheme

~ tabular - tabulating system ~ tarifar - tariff/rating system, rates schedule ~ vamal protectionist - protective system ~ zecimal - (de unitati de masurd) decimal system ~ zonal de preturi - zone price plan sistematiza v.t. to systematize sistematizare s.f. 1. systematization 2. (urband) town planning situatie s.f. 1. (stare) situation, condition, position 2. (raport, dare de seamd) report; account; (cont.) statement ~ a activului si a pasivului - (cont.) statement of assets and liabilities ~ a cheltuielilor - account of expenses ~ a cheltuielilor de exploatare (cont.) operating statement ~ a costurilor - (cont.) statement of
costs

~ a pietei - condition of the market ~ a veniturilor - (cont.) income statement ~ anuala - (a unei societdti, cerutd de registrul comerfului) annual return - concurentiala - competitive situation ~ critica - emergency, case of emergency ~ de avarie comuna - (asig. mar.) general average condition ~ de casa - (cont.) cash statement ~ financiara - financial position; (cont.) financial statement ~ financiara certificata - (de un contabil autorizaf) certified financial statement ~ materiala buna - competence

320

SIT-SOC

~ sociala - social condition, status, standing ~ solida (din punct de vedere financial') strong position situatii financiare consolidate (cont.) consolidated financial statements, group accounts slab adj. (despre activitdti economice) slack; (despre piatd etc.) weak slogan s.n. (publicitar) slogan, catchphrase slujba s.f. job, employment, service, post a detine o ~ - to hold a situation, to fill a post a solicita o ~ - to apply/to compete for a post a-si lasa slujba - to leave one's post, to resign one's office slumpflatie s.f. (inflatie insotitd de depresiune economicd) slumpflation social adj. social ~ -democrat - social democrat ~ -democratic - social democracy socialism s.n. socialism ~ corporatist - guild socialism ~ stiintific - scientific socialism ~ utopic - Utopian socialism socialist adj., s.m. socialist societar^.m. (full) member, associate societate s.f. 1. society; (asociatie) association 2. (comerciald) company; firm, business; {corporate) corporation ~ capitalists - capitalist society ~ care practica afaceri riscante wildcat company ~ care produce pierderi - loss maker ~ comerciala - (trading) company; firm, business ~ comunista - communist society

~ -conglomerat - conglomerate company ~ constituita prin fuziune - merger company ~ controlata de o singura persoana one-man company ~ cooperatista - cooperative society ~ cotata/listata - (bur.) listed company ~ cu raspundere limitata - limited (-liability) company ~ cu raspundere nelimitata unlimited company ~ cu sucursale multiple - chain company ~ de ajutor reciproc - mutual benefit society ~ de asigurari - insurance company ~ de asigurari de viata - life assurance/insurance company ~ de asigurari maritime - marine insurance company, underwriting association ~ de binefacere - friendship/friendly society ~ de clasificare - (a navelor) ship's register, registry of shipping, classification society ~ de constructii navale - shipbuilding company ~ de consum - consumption-society ~ de credit - (care finanteazd achizitionarea de bunuri cu plata in rate) (sales) finance company/house, hire-purchase company; (cu fonduri constituite din vdrsdmintele membrilor) loan club/society ~ de credit agricol - rural credit society ~ de credit comercial - commercial credit company

SOC-SOL

321

~ de credit ipotecar - {care acordd imprumuturi pentru ciimpdrarea sail construirea de locuinte) building society/and loan association ~ de depozite - {de mdrfuri) warehouse company ~ de finantare - (a intreprinderilor mid si mijiocii) finance company ~ de investitii financiare unit/security trust, paper/trust company, investment (trust) company ~ de investitii financiare flexibile/ generale - (in orice sector) flexible trust, general management trust ~ de investitii financiare intr-un sector fix/limitat - fixed trust ~ de leasing - leasing company ~ de servicii publice - public utility company ~ de transport - transport/carrying company, carrier ~ de transport de mobila - furniture removers ~ -fantoma - bubble company ~ fara scop lucrativ - nonprofit company ~ fictiva - bogus company; (societate neoperantd, infiintatd cu scopiil de a ft vdndutd) shell company ~ -fiica - (filiala a uniii holding) daughter company ~ internationala - international company ~ in comandita - sleeping/limited partnership, sleeping partners company ~ in comandita pe actiuni partnership limited by shares ~ in nume colectiv - general/ordinary partnership, partnership firm ~ in participate - particular partnership

~ inchisa - (controlata de cinci sail mat putini actionari) close(d) company ~ infimtata prin decret regal chartered company ~ -mama - parent company ~ mixta -joint venture ~ multinationals - multinational corporation ~ necotata/nelistata - (bur.) unlisted company ~ pe actiuni - joint-stock company; {SUA) corporation ~ pentru acordarea de credite consumatorilor/persoanelor fizice consumer finance company ~ publica - public company ~ radiata - defunct company - -sora - (apartinand acehiiasi holding) sister company socioeconomic adj. socioeconomic sociology, m. sociologist sociologie s.f. sociology socoteala s.f. 1. counting, calculation, computation; account 2. (Jdcturd, nota de plata) account, bill, check soi s.n. 1. (fel) kind, sort; category, grade; (calitate) quality 2. (specie) species; (rasa) breed; (rasd de vite ameliorata) grade sol s.n. soil; land ~ arabil - tillable soil ~ fertil - rich/fertile soil ~ marginal (a cdrui productie este egald cu investitiile /acute) marginal land sola s.f. crop in rotation sold s.n. 1. (cont.) balance 2. {corn.) surplus stock, residue; pi. sale/reduced goods, job line/lot ~ al contului curent - current balance

322

SOL-SON

~ al extrasului de cont - statement balance ~ creditor - credit balance, balance in/on hand ~ de beneficiu - profit balance ~ de casa - cash balance ~ de numerar pentru tranzactii transaction balance ~ de numerar preventiv - (numerar pastrat pentru cheltuieli neprevdzute) precautionary balance ~ debitor - debit balance, balance due ~ final - statement balance ~ inactiv - dormant balance ~ initial - opening balance ~ in banca - bank balance - nedebursat - undisbursed balance ~ net - net balance ~ nul - nil balance ~ reportat - balance brought forward -- speculativ - (sold de numerar pastrat pentru a permite unei firme sd profite de orice oportunitate) speculative balance solda v.t. 1. (un cont) to balance, to settle 2. (mdrfuri) to clear, to sell off, to close out soldare s.f. 1. (a unui cont) balancing, settlement 2. (de. mdrfuri) clearance, clearing-out sale, closeout, bargain sale; (de cdrti) remainder sale; (de cupoane de stofa) remnant sale ~ la sfarsit de sezon - end-of-season sale solda s.f. (military) pay solicita v.t. to solicit, to demand, to^ request, to require, to ask/to apply fy; (despdgubiri) to claim; (voturi) /to canvass for

solicitant s.m. petitioner, applicant, solicitant; (de despdgubiri, reclamant) claimer, claimant solicitare s.f. solicitation, demand, request, requirement, application; (de despdgubiri) claim; (de voturi) canvassing ~ de achitare a actiunilor - call on shares solid adj. (sigur, solvabil; despre o firmd) sound; (CM acoperire din punct de vedere financiar) copper-bottomed solidar adj. joint; (rdspunzdtor, pasibiT) liable adv. jointly ~ si individual - (dr.) joint(ly) and several(ly) solidaritate s.f. (dr.) joint responsibility solutiona v.t. to solve, to settle ~ un litigiu pe cale amiabila - to settle a dispute amicably solvabil adj. solvent, solvable, trustworthy, sound, able to pay ~ pana la suma de - safe for a credit of solvabilitate s.f. solvency, trustworthiness, creditworthiness, paying capacity soma v.t. to summon; (un debitor) to call on/upon somatic s.f. summons, writ; (formald) notice /de evacuare - notice to quit de infatisare (la proces) summons to appear ~ de plata - notice to pay; (a unei rate. scadente) call somptuar adj. sumptuary sondaj s.n. survey; (e^antionare) sampling ~ de opinie - opinion poll

SON-SPE

323

a realiza un ~ de piata - to undertake a survey/study of the market sonda s.f. (oil) derrick; (foraj) well ~ de exploatare - development well ~ de explorare - test well/hole, prospecting hole, wildcat well ~ de foraj - drill/bore hole ~ de gaze - gasser ~ de titei - oil well sorta v.t. to sort, to assort; (dupa mdrime, dimensiune) to size, to grade sortabil adj. sortable sortare s.f. sorting; (dupa mdrime, dimensiune) sizing, grading ~ a marfurilor dupa marcile de pe ambalaj - sorting by marks ~ a marfurilor la destinatie - sorting by consignee sortator.y.w. sorter sortiment s.n. sort, assortment, range (of goods/commodities) ~ de esantionare - variety of patterns ~ variat - varied selection lines sosire s.f. arrival ~ cu incarcatura - (cu plinurile consumate) (mar.} loaded arrival ~ in balast - (mar.} ballast arrival ~ in bune conditii - (a navei) safe arrival ~ probabila - (a navei) expected arrival sosiri si plecari - (c.f.) arrivals and departures; (mar.) arrivals and sailings spargere s.f. 1. breaking, breakage 2. (furt prin efractie) burglary, housebreaking, burglarious attempt spatiu s.n. space ~ comercial - (la parterul unei cladiri) floor space; (de expunere a produselor intr-un magazin) shelf space; (SUA) commercial precint

~ de depozitare - storage space ~ de descarcare/deversare - waste area ~ de incarcare - (mar.) cargo/loading space, shipping room/space ~ de incarcare pe punte - (mar.) deck-cargo space ~ de stivuire stowage space ~ deductibil - (spatiu impropriu incdrcdrii de marfd) (mar.) deductible space ~ economic - economic space ~ frigorific refrigerating space ~ gol/necompletat - blank ~ liber/neincarcat - open space ' ~ locativ living space '- mort/nefolosit/pierdut - (prin stivuire necorespunzdtoare) broken stowage, lost/waste space ~ pentru marfuri - (pe navd) cargo/ freight space spatii nedestinate pasagerilor si marfurilor (mar.) noneaming spaces spalare s.f. laundering, washing ~ de bani - money laundering/washing ~ de obligatiuni (vdnzarea obliga-tiunilor guvernamentale cu putin timp inainte de scadentd pentru a evitaplata impozitelor) bondwashing spargator s.m. (care comite flirt prin efractie) burglar, housebreaker ~ de greva strikebreaker, blackleg, yellow labour special adj. 1. special, particular 2. (despre rata unei dobdnzi, care este diferitd de cele practicate curent pe piata) off-market specialist s.m. specialist, expert, consultant

324

SPE-SPE

~ compensator - (specialist in rezolvarea cererilor de despdgubire) (asig.) adjuster ~ in analiza muncii -job analyst ~ in operatii de arbitraj arbitrageur ~ in sondaje de opinie - pollster specialitate s.f. 1. (domeniu principal de activitate) speciality 2. (produs principal) special(i)ty specializa v.t., v.r. {in) to specialize (in) specializare s.f. specialization ~ excesiva/ingusta - specialism ~ internationala a economiilor nationale - international specialization of the national economies specifica v.t. 1. to specify, to particularize 2. (afixa data, pretui etc.) to name 3. (a mentiona intr-un contract) to set forth 4. (pe puncte) to itemize 5. (un cont) to itemize, to detail specificatie s.f. 1. specification 2. (lista) list ~ a conditiilor contractuale - the specification of contract terms ~ a incarcaturii - freight note ~ de greutate - (in documentele de transport) weight account/note ~ de lipsuri la predare (despre mar/a) list of shortage specificatii standard - standard specifications ~ tehnice - technical specifications ~ tehnice pentru protectia muncii -safety specifications specimen s. n. specimen ~ de semnatura specimen of signature, autograph/sample signature specula v.t. 1. (marfuri) to speculate in 2. (a profita de) to profiteer by v.i. (la

bursd) to play the market, to stag, to speculate on the stock exchange ~ a la baisse - (bur.) to speculate/to operate for a fall, to go a bear ~ a la hausse - (bur.) to speculate/to operate for a rise, to go a bull ~ asupra diferentelor de curs - (bur.) to speculate in differences speculant s.m. speculator, profiteer, racketeer, wildcatter ~ a la baisse - (care mizeazd pe scdderea cursiirilor) (bur.) bear ~ a la baisse cu acoperire - (care detine suficiente actiuni pentru a-si indeplini obligatiile, nefiind obligat sd cumpere pe o piatd in crestere) (bur.) covered bear ~ a la hausse - (care mizeazd pe cresterea ciirsurilor) {bur.) bull ~ de bilete (la cinema, competitii sportive) ticket tout ~ la bursa - player, stag, stock adventurer ~ pe piata neagra - black marketeer speculativ adj. speculative speculatie s.f. speculation; (agiotaj) agiotage ~ a la baisse - (bur.) bear speculation/ campaign/raid/tack ~ a la hausse - {bur.) bull speculation/ campaign ~ valutara bazata pe diferenta de curs - switch deal/transaction speculate de destabilizare a pietei (bur.) tampering with the market specula s.f. speculation, profiteering, open trade speranta s.f. (asteptare) expectation, expectancy ~ de viata - life expectancy

SPE-STA

~ medie de viata - average life expectancy speze s.f. pi. charges, expenses ~ bancare - banking charges ~ de depozitare - storing charges, yardage ~ de inmagazinare - warehouse/ warehousing charges ~ de intretinere - maintenance charges ~ de transport - transport charges ~ la destinatar - charges forward ~ restante - back charges ~ suplimentare - additional charges, extras spionaj s.n. espionage, spying ~ industrial - industrial espionage/ spying spirala s.f. spiral ~ inflationista - inflationary spiral ~ salarii - preturi - wage-price spiral sponsor s.m. sponsor sponsoriza v.t. to sponsor sponsorizare s.f. sponsorship spor^.n. increment; increase ~ de fidelitate - senionty wages ~ de periclitate - bonus for special risk, danger money ~ de salariu - wage increase ~ de salariu descrescand - tapered salary increase ~ de salariu in treptc stepped salary increase ~ de salariu pentru corelarea verilturilor cu evolutia indicelui costulul vietii - cost-of-living bonus ~ de salami peiitru vecltiine in serviciu - service increment ~ temporar - transitory increase spori v.t. to increase, to step up

spot s.n. 1. (anunt publicitar la radio si televiziune) spot announcement/ broadcast 2. (marfa disponibild/cu livrare imediata) spot sprijin s.n. support; (ajutor) aid, assistance; (recomandare) comfort; (fmanciar) backing stabil adj. stable, firm, standing; (de duratd) durable, lasting; (permanent) permanent; (despre preturi) fixed, steady stabili v.t. 1. to set; to establish 2. (pretiil, data etc.) to settle, to fix, to state; (o data, o sarcind) to assign; (nn termen) to appoint; {reguli, principii) to lay down 3. (titrul unui metal pretios) to assay ~ cauza - to ascertain the cause of ~ conditii to stipulate conditions/ terms ~ daune - to assess/to lay damages ~ o ora - to appoint an hour ~ ritmul de munca - to set the pace stabilire s.f. 1. setting; (a pretului, a datei) settlement, fixing; (a unei date, a unei sarcini) assignment; (a unui termen) appointment 2. (a titrului unui metal pretios) assay a costului de productie al produsului product costing ~ a nivelurilor de salarizare setting of wage levels ~ a obiectivelor - goal setting - a politicii - policy formation ~ a pretului - pricing ~ a pretului de cost - costing; (in mtrcprifiderile profilai.e pe un singw tip de mafia) sing!e (output) costing - a pretuiui de cost marginal -marginal costing

326

STA-STA

~ a pretului pe baza analizei produsului - product analysis pricing ~ a pretului vizand atingerea profitului propus - target return pricing ~ a preturilor - price determination ~ a preturilor prin concurenta competitive pricing ~ de preturi acaparatoare - (preturi scdzute initial pentru eliminarea concurenfei si instituirea monopolultii) predatory pricing ~ de preturi comune - (jJentru a evita concurenta) common pricing ~ de preturi diferentiate pe zone zone pricing ~ de preturi duble - (pe etichctd, eel mat mare fund tdiat) (corn.) double pricing ~ de tip par-impar a preturilor odd-even pricing stabilitate s.f. stability; (pe piata bursierd) doldrums ~ a preturilor - price stability ~ economica - economic stability stabiliza v.t. to stabilize; (cursuri, preturi) to peg; (fluctuatii, piata) to steady stabilizare s.f. stabilization; (de cursuri, preturi) pegging ~ a monedei - currency stabilization ~ a preturilor - price stabilization stabilizator s. m. {economic) stabilizer stabilizatori automati - automatic stabilizers stagflatie s.f. (situatie caracterizatd prin inflatie rapidd si prin lipsa de crestere economica) stagflation stagiar adj. of instruction, on probation s.m. probationer, improver stagiu s.n. \. (time of) probation 2. (de muncu) length of service

a-si face stagiul - to be on probation stagna v.i. (despre afaceri, activitdti economice) to stagnate, to slacken stagnant adj. stagnant, slack stagnare s.f. (economica, a afacerilor) stagnation, stagnancy, slackness; (inactivitate a pietei) dullness; (crizd economica) depression ~ a afacerilor - slack business/time ~ a comertului stagnation/ suspension of trade ~ plus inflatie - (stagflatie) stagflation stalii s.f. pi. (zile afectate pentru mcdr-careadescdrcarea unei nave comer-dale) laydays, laytime, lay/ laying/ ship's days ~ contractuale - fixed laydays ~ de incarcare fixe - loading days ~ ireversibile - irreversible laydays ~ reversibile - reversible laydays stand s.n. stall, stand ~ ambulant - fly pitch ~ de carti - bookstall, bookstand ~ expozitional - exhibition stand standard adj. standard; (fdrd comandd speciald; despre un produs) off-the-shelfj'.n. standard ~ de stat - state standard ~ de viata - living standard; (SUA) level of living standarde contabile - accounting standards ~ de credit - credit standards ~ nationale national standards ~ publicitare - (ansamblu de norme etice si legale) advertising standards ~ tehnice - engineering standards ~ universale de intretinere - universal maintenance standards standardiza v.t. to standardize standai-dizare s.f. standardization

STA-STA

327

~ a activitatii -job standardization ~ industrials - industrial standardization stare s.f. 1. state, condition 2. (situatie sociala) social standing, status ~ a caricului/incarcaturii - condition of cargo ~ a continutului necunoscuta -(despre o mar/a ambalata) condition of contents unknown ~ avariata - (a mdrfii, a navei etc.) damaged condition ~ buna - (a mdrfurilor} sound condition ~ civila - civil status ~ de incarcare completa - (a navei) full-load condition ~ de incarcare la jumatate din capacitate - (a navei) half-cargo condition ~ de navigabilitate - (a unei nave maritime, fluviale) seaworthiness; (a unei aeronave) airworthiness ~ de suspendare - (dr.) abeyance ~ exterioara - {a mdrfii incdrcate) outer condition ~ necorespunzatoare de navigabilitate (a unei nave maritime, fluviale) unseaworthiness; {a unei aeronave) unairworthiness ~ perfecta - prime condition ~ si conditie aparent bune - {despre mdrfurile incdrcate pe nave) apparent good order and condition stats.n. 1. state 2. list ~ corporatist - corporate state ~ cu marina comerciala dezvoltata (care face transporturi pentru alte tdri) carrier nation

"- de functii/personal - staffing schedule, personal establishment; (SUA) tables of organization ~ de salarii - payroll, paylist, wages sheet ~ de serviciu - record of service ~ major - general staff; headquarters statui bunastarii - the welfare state ~ - providenta - the providential state statistic adj. statistic(al) adv. statistically statistics s.f. statistics ~ a grupelor de activitati - job classification statistics ~ a sperantei de viata - life tables ~ comerciala - trade statistics ~ comparata - comparative statistics ~ demografica - vital statistics ~ economica - economic statistics statistician s.m. statistician; (/a o societate de asigurdri) actuary status s.n. (stare/conditie sociala) status statut s.n. statute; rules, regulations; (al unei societdti) articles of association statutar adj. statutory static s.f. 1. station 2. (c.f.) (railway) station; (finala) terminus, terminal station; (de tramvai, autobuz) stop, stage; (de taxiuri) taxi rank ~ de benzina - petrol-filling station ~ de destinatie - station of destination ~ de emisie - transmitting station, transmitter ~ de marfuri - (c.f.) goods station ~ de radio - wireless/radio station ~ de triaj - (c.f) shunting/spotting station, (railway) yard ~ meteorologica - weather base/station ~ -nod - (c.f.) (railway) junction

328

STA-STI

statiune s.f. 1, station 2. (climaterica)

resort

~ agricola - agricultural station ~ balneara - spa, watering place ~ de litoral/maritima - seaside/ bathing resort ~ de iarna - winter resort ~ de odihna/climaterica - holiday/ health resort ~ experimentala - experimental station stapani v.t. (a poseda. a define) to own, to possess, to hold stanjen s.m. (imitate de mdsur a pentru lungime} fathom stelaj s.n. 1. {pentru mar/a) rack(ing). rack stack 2. (pptiune dubid care da drept deopotrivd de cumpdrare si vdnzare) (bur.) straddle, double/put-and-call option ~ mobil/demontabil - movable/ shifting rack sticlar s.m. 1. glass blower 2. (vdnzdtor) dealer in glass 3. (geamgiu) glazier sticlarie s.f. 1. (fabricd) glass manufactory/house/works 2. (fabricare) manufacture of glass 3. (articole) glassware stil s.n. style; (mod) manner, way ~ de conducere - management style ~ de viata (corespunzdtor unui anumit segment de piata) life style stimula v.t. to stimulate, to dynamize, to push forward; (afacerile) to give a stimulus/fillip to stimulativ adj. incentive stimulent s.n. stimulus, fillip; (cointeresare materiald) incentive stimulente acordate pe grupe/echipe - group incentives

~ pentru export - export incentives ~ pentru vanzari - (pferite agentuliii de vdnzdri) sales incentives ~ salariale - wage incentives stinge v.t. 1. (o datorie) to extinguish, to pay off, to liquidate; (a amortiza tin impriimut) to sink; (o ipoteca) to redeem; (o obligatie) to terminate 2. (a anula) to annul, to cancel; (un proces, o actiune) to extinguish, to quash stingere s.f. 1. (a unei datorii) extinction, liquidation, quittance; (amortizare) sinking; (a unei ipoteci) redemption; (a unei obligatu) termination 2. (anulare) annullment, cancellation; (a unui proces, a unei actiuni) extinction ~ a datoriei nationale - extinction of the national debt stipendiu s.n. stipend stipula v.t. to stipulate, to provide (that/for), to condition, to covenant stipulatie s.f. stipulation, provision, condition stiva s.f. (de mar/a) stack, tier; pile
stivui v.t. to stack; (pe randuri/siruri)

to tier; to pile up; (mar.) to stow, to stevedore ~ in magazie - (in magazia navel) to stow down/the hold stivuire s.f. stacking; (pe randuri/ siruri) tiering; (manipulari maritime) stowage, stowing, stevedoring ~ a sacilor m picioare - pitching up ~ compacta - firm/tight stowage ~ corecta - correct/good/proper/sound
stowage

~ defectuoasa/incorecta/ necorespunzatoare - bad/faulty/ improper stowage ~ in cala/magazia inferioara - deep

stowage

ST1-STR

329

~ pe punte - deck stowage ~ transversala - (pe Idtimea magaziei) athwartships stowage stivuitor 1. stacker; (mar.) stevedore, stower 2. (utilaj) stacker, lift; industrial truck ~ cu furca - fork-lift (stacker) ~ cu platforma de ridicare - platform truck lift ~ de paleti - pallet stacker ~ pe verticals - vertical stacker stoarcere s.f. squeeze ~ a profitului - profit squeeze stoc s.n. stock, stockpile, store, hoard, supply; (rezerva) reserve ~ ciclic - cycle stock ~ de capital - capital stock ~ de materiale - inventory ~ de marfuri - stock-in-trade, goods in stock, trading stock ~ de marfuri diverse - varied stock ~ de produse finite - finished goods inventory ~ de rezerva - reserve stock ~ disponibil - stock/supply on hand ~ excedentar/supranormativ overstock ~ insuficient - low stock ~ la inventariere - (cont.) closing stock ~ nevandabil - deadstock ~ nevandut - remainder, returns ~ - tampon/de siguranta - (stoc suplimentar pdstrat ca rezerva in caz de intdrziere a productiei, a Uvrdrilor etc.) buffer/safety stock, protective inventory stoca v.t. to stock, to stockpile, to store, to get in, to hoard strada s.f. street ~ comerciala - shopping street

strategic adj. strategic strategic s.f. strategy ~ a dezvoltarii - development strategy ~ a diferentierii produsului - product differentiation strategy ~ a segmentarii pietei - market segmentation strategy ~ a urmaritorului - {care o copiazd pe cea a companiilor-lider) (man.) follower strategy ~ alternativa/de inaintari si retrageri - push-and-pull strategy ~ comunicationala - (metode prin care comerciantii realizeazd comunicarea cu pietele lor) communication strategy corporativa/a corporatiei corporate strategy ~ de achizitii - acquisition strategy ~ de afaceri business strategy ~ de dezvoltare a unui produs -product development - de finantare a creditelor cu depozite care au aceeasi scadenta - funds matching ~ de lupta impotriva concurentei competitive strategy ~ de nisa - (pentrn abordarea unui segment mic de piata) niche strategy ~ de penetrare - (a unei piete) penetration strategy ~ de produs - product strategy ~ de promovare - (a unui produs) promotion strategy ~ de recoltare - (obtinerea profitului pe termen scurt rezultat din comercializarea unui produs, inaintea retragerii acestuia de pe piata) harvesting strategy ~ economica - economic strategy

STR-STU

strain adj. (din altd tara) foreign, alien s.m. foreigner strange v.t. 1. (a adund) to gather (up), to amass, to hoard; (recolta) to harvest, to gather/to get in, to reap 2. (a economist} to lay/to put by 3. (a percepe impozite) to levy, to collect, to raise ~ bani - to make one's fortune structural adj. structural structure s.f. structure; pattern ~ a activelor - (fin.) asset structure ~ a capitalului - capital structure ~ a comertului exterior - foreign trade pattern ~ a costului - cost structure ~ a creditului - credit structure ~ a economiei nationale - national economy pattern ~ a flotei de transport - shipping pattern ~ a personalului - staff pattern ~ a pietei - market structure ~ a preturilor - price structure/pattern ~ a ratelor dobanzii in functie de scadenta - {raportui dintre randamentele si maturitdtile titlurilor de valoare) term structure of interest rates ~ a unei ramuri industriale - industry structure ~ a valorii de inventar - (ponderea componentelor capitalului in valoarea lui totald conform costului sdu istoric) (cont.) book value weights ~ a varstei - (angajatilor dintr-o firmd, un sector industrial etc.) age profile ~ bancara - (distributia bdncilor care opereazd pe o anumitd piatd in functie de numdr, amplasare si dimensiune) banking structure

~ de finantare/financiara - financial structure ~ functionala - (man.) functional structure ~ ierarhica - (man.) hierarchical structure ~ organizationala - (man.) organizational structure ~ piramidala/ierarhica - (man.) pyramiding structure studiu s.n. study; analysis, survey, examination; research ~ al amplasarii uzinei - plant layout study ~ al metodelor - (pentru obtinerea unei eficiente sporite si reducerea costurilor) methods study ~ al miscarilor - (pentru obtinerea randamentului maxim cu efort minim in procesul muncii) motion study ~ al preferintelor - (consumatorilor) habit survey ~ al timpului de munca - time study ~ de audienta - (a emisiunilor de radio si televiziune) audience research ~ de caz - (man.) case study ~ de dezvoltare - development study ~ de fezabilitate - feasibility study' survey ~ de marketing - marketing research ~ de mediu - (analiza mediului economic pentru identificarea oportunitdtilor de marketing) environmental scanning ~ de piata - market research/survey ~ de proiect - planning and design work ~ de timp si miscare - (sistem de masurare a vitezei fi a eficientei cu care lucreazd un muncitor) time and motion study

STU-SUB

331

~ pe model - model analysis ~ -pilot - pilot study ~ privind reactia consumatorilor consumer survey ~ sindicalizat - {studiu de piatd de mare amploare efectuat independent de o firmd specializatd si oferit spre vdnzare) syndicated research ~ tehnic - technical study ~ urbanistic/de sistematizare planning survey sub prep. under ~ linie - (termen contabil care se referd la acele articole ale contului de profit si pierderi ce se inscriu sub cifra profitului net; parte a bugetului de marketing pe care compania o cheltuieste pentru toate activitdtile promotionale, cu exceptia publicitdtii in mass media) below the line ~ palanc (formula dintr-un conosament care aratd cd responsabilitatea armatorului fata de caric inceteazd cdnd incdrcdtura poate fi descdrcata) {mar.) under ship's derrick, sotto palanco ~ paritate/valoarea nominala (despre actiuni) {bur.') below par. sub part ~ rezerva aprobarii - subject to approval ~ rezerva celor aratate mai sus subject to the foregoing ~ rezerva modificarilor - subject to alteration subaltern adj. subordinate s.m. subaltern, underling subantreprenor s.m. subcontractor subaprecia v.t. to undervalue subarenda v.i. to sublease, to sublet, to underlease, to underlet

subarendare s.f. sublease, subleasing, subletting, underlease, subtenancy, undertenancy, derivative lease subarendas s.m. sublessee, underlessee, subtenant, undertenant subarmator s.m. chartered contractor subasigura v.t. to underinsure subcapitalizat adj. undercapitalized subchiria s.m. sublessee, underlessee, subtenant, undertenant subcomisie s.f. subcommission subcomitet^-./i. subcommittee subconsum^./i. underconsumption subcont s.n. (cont.) subaccount, subsidiary account subcontract 5'. n. subcontract subcontracta v.t. to subcontract subcontractant^.m. subcontractor subdezvoltare s.f. underdevelopment subdezvoltat adj. underdeveloped subestima v.t. to underestimate; to underquote; to underrate subevalua v.t. to undervalue, to underestimate; to underquote; to underrate; (/i activ) (cont.) to write down subfurnizor^./H. subcontractor subipoteca s.f. submortgage subincarca v.t. to underload subinchiria v.t. to underlease, to underlet, to sublease, to sublet submchiriere s.f underlease, sublease, subleasing, subletting, undertenancy, subtenancy, derivative lease subnavlosi v.t. {mar.) to underfreight, to subcharter, to recharter subnavlositor^.w. (mar.) subcharterer subproductie s.f. underproduction subroga v.t. (dr.) to subrogate subscrie v.i. (a semnu) to sign, to undersign, to underwrite v.i. [a coliza.

332

SUB-SUB

a aduce o contribute bdneascd) to subscribe; {la o emisiune de titluri de valoare) to underwrite subscriere s.f. subscription; underwriting ~ a unei cote-parti - quota subscription ~ excedentara - oversubscription ~ la actiuni application for shares ~ multipla (la actiuni folosind nume false) (bur.) multiple application subscriitor s.m. (/a o emisiune de titluri de valoare) underwriter subscriptie s.f. subscription subscris adj. subscribed; underwritten ~ integral (despre o emisiune de titluri de valoare} fully underwritten subsetretard./?!, undersecretary subsidiu5\M. subsidy subsoil, n. subsoil substanta s.f. substance; matter, material ~ daunatoare - harmful substance ~ inflamabila - inflammable substance ~ otravitoare - poisonous matter ~ radioactiva radioactive matter/ substance substitute s.f. substitution ~ a factorilor de productie - (feno-menul de inlocuire a unei cantitdti dimr-un factor de productie en o caiiti'ate delerminatd dintr-un alt factor de productie, m conditiile in rcfe \olumul productie' rdnidne neschimbat) substitution of factors of productiosi a importuSui - {incercarea unei tan dc a reduce imoonuriie. incurajdnd dczvoliarea mduslriilor interne} import substitution substitut s.m. substitute

substituti ai banilor - substitute money suburban adj. suburban suburbaniza v.t. (a extinde zona suburband) to suburbanize suburbie s.f. suburb subutilizare s.f. underemployment ~ a fortei de munca underemployment of labour force subventie s.f. subvention, subsidy, grant; {pentru stimularea industriei, a comertului, a agriculturii etc.) bounty; grant-in-aid ~ de navigatie {acordatd de stat unor companii) navigation bounty/subsidy ~ de stat - public/government subsidy, state grant, grantin-aid ~ incrucisata (subventionarea unui produs din veniturile generate de un alt produs) cross subsidy ~ la export - export bounty/subsidy subventii agricole - farm subsidies ~ de exploatare - operating subsidies ~ in amonte - (subventii acordate furnizorului de materie primd pentru un produs) upstream subsidies ~ nationale - (acordate de stat pentru un produs, o intreprindere sail un sector economic) domestic subsidies ~ pentru investitii (acordate de stat) investment subsidies subventiona v.t. to subsidize, to grant; {preturile prin interventia statului) to valorize subventionare s.f subsidy, grant. support ~ a preturilor -- price support subventionat adi. subsidized - de stat - state-/graiit-aided, state-p.tid

SUB-SUM

333

subzistenta s.f. subsistence, basic needs; (intretinere, mijioace de trai) livelihood, sustenance succeda v. i. (la) to succeed (to) succes s.n. success; (neasteptat) bonanza
~ de casa - (al unui film, al unui spectacol) box-office success a avea ~ - (despre o mar/a) to take on

a nu avea ~ - to be/to prove a failure, to fail succesiune s.f. 1. succession; series 2. (dr.) succession, inheritance, hereditament ~ a porturilor - (la mcdrcarea sail la descdrcare) order of ports
~ ab intestat - (dr.) intestate

succession, intestacy ~ testata - (dr.) testate succession succesoare s.f. (dr.) heiress succesor s.m. 1. successor 2. (dr.) successor, heir, inheritor; (legatar) devisee ~ prezumptiv - heir presumptive ~ subsecvent - remainderman ~ testamentar - heir testamentary, devisee succesoral adj. successional, inheritable sucursala s.f. branch; subsidiary (company) ~ bancara - branch bank sudatie s.f. (umiditate in magaziile navel produsd de condensarea vaporilor emanati de diverse mdrfuri) (mar.) sweat, sweating, condensed moisture ~ a marfii - cargo sweat suferi v.t. (pierderi, pagube) to incur, to suffer, to sustain ~ avarii - to sustain damages

sumar s.n. abstract, summary ~ al articolelor - (unui contract) memorandum suma s.f. sum, amount ~ a creditului - (la care se calculeazd dobdndd) principal ~ asigurata - sum insured ~ bruta - gross amount ~ ce urmeaza a fi investita - amount to be invested ~ cumulata a anuitatii - accumulate amount of annuity ~ datorata - sum due ~ de bani in casa - (pentru a avea rest) cash/till float ~ de completare - odd money ~ de plata - sum payable; (rubrica de pe un document de platd standardizat pentru citire electronicd) convenience amount ~ debitoare - debit amount ~ declarata/specificata - amount stated ~ delapidata - embezzlement ~ determinata - specific amount ~ evaluata - estimate ~ facturata - invoice amount ~ globala/forfetara - lump/inclusive sum ~ in litere - sum in words/at length
~ incasata - (dintr-o vdnzare, afacere)

proceeds ~ maxima a tranzactiilor autorizate activity limit ~ maxima care poate fi retrasa - (de un client din bancomat, intr-o anumitd perioada) cash limit ~ minima a datoriei pentru care se poate declara falimentui - bankruptcy level

334

SUM-SUP

~ minima din depozit - (care trebuie sd rdmdnd in depozitui bancar pentru ca acesta sa nil fie desfiintat) maintenance margin ~ nedeterminata - uncertain amount ~ nominala - face amount ~ nula - (set de tranzactii in care profiturile cdstigatorilor sunt egale cu pierderile needs tigdtorilor) (fin.) zero sum ~ oferita - (la licitatie) bid ~ partiala subtotal ~ platita - amount paid out ~ principala/totala - (care este platita in caz de moarte accidentals sail alte accidente majore) (asig.) principal sum ~ rambursabila - amount repayable ~ reportata - (report) (cont.) amount brought/carried forward ~ rotunda - even money ~ subscrisa - amount subscribed ~ totala - total amount, sum total ~ totala a cheltuielilor - total expenses sume care nu pot fi incasate -uncollectable receivables ~ care pot fi imprumutate numai la dobanzi foarte mari deadmoney ~ de incasat - receivables ~ debitoare in tranzit spre band -bank float ~ flotante - (cecuri aflate in procesul de transfer de la o bancd la alto) float ~ incasate - takings a fi sub suma prevazuta - to fall short of the amount sumisionar s.m. (persoand care se angajeazd in scris sd respecte clauzele fixate) (dr.) tenderer superior adj. 1. (de calitate supe-- rioard) of superior/the highest quality,

high-grade 2. (in functie, in grad) senior s. in. superior; chief supermarket s.n. supermarket; (in special la periferia unui oras) hypermarket supliment^.m. supplement, addition ~ de bilet - (c.f.) excess fare ~ de plata - extra/additional payment ~ de pret - extra charge ~ la greutate A makeweight ~ pentru diferenta de clasa - (c.f.) excess ticket suplimenta v.t. to supplement suplimentar adj. supplementary, additional, extra suporta v.t. (cheltideli) to bear supraasigura v.t. to overinsure suprabugetar adj. extraordinary, not included in the budget supracapitaliza v.t. to overcapitalize supradimensionat adj. outsized supraemisiune s.f. (de actiuni) overissue supraestima v.t. to overestimate, to overvalue supraevalua v.t. to overvalue, to overestimate, to overrate; (nn activ) (cont.) to write up; (capitalul unei societdti prin emiterea unui numdr prea mare de actiuni in raport cu o politico financiard judicioasd sau cu activele nete ale companiei respective) to overcapitalize supraextins adj. (despre o afacere care nileazd si produce mult mat multi bani deceit valoarea activelor curente) overextended suprafata s.f. surface, area; (calculatd in acri) acreage - de lucru - work area

SUP-SUR

335

~ inchiriabila a unei cladiri - net rentable area ~ utila a depozitului - warehouse floorage supragreutate s.f. overweight supraimpozita v.t. to overtax supraimpunere s.f. supplementary taxation ~ fiscala - tax surcharge supraincarca v.t. 1. (un vehicul) to overload, to overburden 2. (un pret) to overcharge 3. (muncitori) to overwork supralicita v.t. to overbid, to outbid, to bid over supralicitant s.m. overbidder, outbidder supralicitatie s.f. overbid, higher bid supranavlu s.n. (mar.) overfreight supranumerar adj., s.n. supernumerary supraoferta s.f. better offer; oversupply; (supralicitatie) overbid, higher bid suprapret s.n. overcharge, excess price; black market price supraproductie s.f. overproduction, surplus production supraprofit s.n. superprofit, excess/ surplus profit suprasarcina s.f. overload suprastoc^-./i. overstock suprastoca v.t. to overstock suprasubscriere s.f. oversubscription suprataxa v.t. to surtax, to supertax, to surcharge suprataxa s.f. surtax, supertax, extra tax, surcharge ~ de import - import surcharge ~ de pavilion - (mar.) alien duty, flag surtax

~ postala/de francare - additional postage supraveghea v.t. to supervise, to oversee, to superintend; to control supraveghere s.f. supervision; control ~ a bancilor supervision of banks supraveghetor s.m. supervisor, overseer, superintendent; (intr-un magazin universal) shopwalker suprematie s.f. (pepiata) supremacy supus adj. (la) subject/liable (to) deteriorarii - subject to deterioration, liable to damage ~ restrictiilor - subject to restrictions ~ taxelor vamale/vamuirii -customable, dutiable surogat^.^. substitute, succedaneum surplus s.n. surplus, overplus, excess; (de greutate) overbalance ~ al consumatorului/cumparatorului - (termen care exprimd satisfactia suplimentard pe care achizitiile succesive ale unui bun, la un pret dat. Ie procurd unui individ; forma de surplus pe care il obtine participantui consumator la schimb) consumer's/ buyer's surplus ~ al producatorului - (diferenta dintre ceea ce producdtorul primeste si ceea ce cheltuieste) producer's surplus ~ de bord liber - (mar.) excess of freeboard ~ de greutate - excess weight ~ de lichiditati - excess liquidity
~ de rezerve (rezerve depuse de o bancd la banca centrald peste nivelul rezervelor minime obligatorii) excess reserves

~ de salariati redundancy of employees ~ de taxe vamale - overentry

SL'R-SWA

~ impozabil - taxable surplus sursa s.f. source ~ de aprovizionare - source of supply surse $i utilizari ale fondurilor (cont.) sources and uses of funds sursarj s.n. (pe un timbni) surcharge surarja v.t. (un timbni) to surcharge sus-mentionat adj. abovementioned sus-numit adj. above-named/ mentioned, aforesaid suspenda v.t. (plati, livrdri) to suspend, to stop; (un functionar) to suspend; (o sedintd) to adjourn; (un acord) to terminate suspendare s.f. 1. (a platilor, a livrd-rilor) suspension; (a unui functionar) suspension; (a unei sedinte) adjournment; (a unui acord) termination 2. (a unor actiuni de pe lista de cotatii) (bur.) delisting sustrage v.t. to purloin, to take away; to steal, to pilfer v.r. (de la indeplinirea obligatiilor, plata impozitelor etc.) to evade; to avoid; to elude sustragere s.f. '1. purloining; theft, pilferage 2. (de la indeplinirea obligatiilor, plata impozitelor etc.) evasion; avoidance; elusion ~ din marfa transportata - pilfering of cargo sustinator s.m. 1. supporter, sustainer; (din punct de vedere financiar) backer; (al unei piete) marketeer; (de idei, opinii) upholder 2. (al familiei) breadwinner

sustine v.t. 1. to support; (o candidaturd, o opinie etc.) to back, to second, to endorse; (o rezolutie) to second; (idei, opinii) to advocate, to uphold; (financiar) to back; (piata, preturile) to peg; (a promova un plan) to forward; (intens un produs, o marcd etc.} to boost 2. (a afirma) to affirm, to assert suveranitate s.f. sovereignty ~ a consumatorilor (alocarea resurselor, intr-o economic liherd, infunctie de preferintele consumatorilor) consumer's sovereignty swap s.n. (swap valutar, tranzactie valutard m care platile se bazeazd pe rate fixe ale dobanzilor pentru fiecare valuta, asemdndtoare cu tranzactiile la vedere si la termen; swap al ratelor dobdnzii, tranzactie prin care se schimbd fluxuri de plati ale dobdnzii cu caracter diferit, bazatd insd pe o valoare stabild a sumei initiale; swap de datorii, adicd cesiune temporard sail conversie a datoriilor in actiuni sail alte titluri de participare) swap ~ al ratelor dobanzii - interest rate swap ~ de datorii/capital imprumutat contra capitalul propriu - debt equity swap ~ de obligatii - liability swap ~ de valute - currency swap

$
salupa s.f. boat, motorboat ~ vamala - revenue cutter Sansa s.f. chance sanse egale - equal opportunities santaj s.n. blackmail santaja v.t. to blackmail santier s.n. site; development ~ de constructie - construction/ building site ~ de dezmembrare a nayelor vechi breaker's yard ~ naval - shipyard, dockyard, (shipbuilding) yard ~ naval de reparatii - repair dockyard santiere si uzine navale - shipbuilding facilities sarpe s.m. (sarpe monetar, principiul ,,sarpelui in tunel" adoptat de CEE pentru a controla fluctuatule zilnice ale valntelor tdrilor-membre fata de dolar) (fin.) snake scoala s.f. school ~ comerciala - commercial/trade school ~ profesionala/de meserii professional/vocational/industrial/ training/trade school ~ subventionata prin donatii foundation school sedinta s.f sitting, meeting; {dr.) (court) session ~ a consiliului de administratie board meeting ~ de consiliu - council board ~ -fulger - informal think-in ~ publica - open meeting a fi in ~ - to sit, to be sitting sef s.m. chief, head; boss; (director) manager; (superior) superior; (conducdtor) leader ~ al contenciosului - solicitor general ~ al departamentului de publicitate advertising manager ~ al serviciului de personal personnel manager; (membra in consiliul de administratie} worker director ~ al serviciului de vanzari - sales manager ~ al serviciului financiar - paymaster general ~ de atelier - shop foreman ~ de birou - chief/head/senior clerk ~ de cabinet - (minister's) principal private secretary ~ de catedra - head of chair/ department ~ de echipa - first-line manager; leading hand; (de docheri) foreman; (in magazie) (mar.) hatch foreman ~ de fila - (banca ,,sef de fild" reprezintd sindicatiil bancar care
acordd credite, fiind insarcinatd cu negocierile si derularea operatiunilor)

lead manager ~ de gara/statie - station manager, yardmaster ~ de oficiu portuar - port warden ~ de raion (intr-un magazin universal) floorwalker, shopwalker ~ de retea (eel mai puternic membru al unei retele de distributie) channel captain ~ de serviciu - head of service, departmental manager

338

EF-$OM

~ de santier - clerk of (the) works, superintendent of work ~ de triaj/manevra - yardmaster ~ de zona - (de vdnzdri) area manager senal^./!. channel, fairway, pass ~ navigabil - navigation channel septel ,s'./!. livestock si con/', and ~ compania - and company ~ cu capital redus - (cuvinte care apar dupd numele unei companii care, prin reorganizare, si-a redus capitalul) and reduced sir s.n. row, line; succession, chain; (serie) series ~ de andosari - chain of endorsements slefuire s.f. abrasion ~ a monedei (ca urmare a circulatiei, rezultdnd o diminuare a greutdtii) abrasion of coin slep s.n. barge, lighter ~ de buncherare - bunkering barge; (cu combustibil lichid) oil-fuel lighter ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting/ coastwise barge ~ de canal - canal barge ~ de carbuni - coal barge; (pe fluvhi) keel ~ de depoluare - skimming barge; oil recovery barge ~ de marfa - cargo barge ~ de transport - barge carrier ~ fluvial - river barge ~ frigorific - refrigerated barge ~ maritim - seagoing barge ~ pentru busteni - log barge ~ pentru cereale - grain cargo barge ~ pentru cherestea - lumber/timber barge ~ pentru ciment - cement barge

~ pentru marfuri generale - general cargo barge ~ pentru minereu - ore barge ~ portuar - harbour/utility barge ~ -tanc - tank(barge) ~ -tanc petrolier - barge tank slepar s.m. bargee, barger, bargeman, lighterman soma v.;. to be unemployed, to be on the dole, to be out of work/job; (partial) to work (on) short hours somaj s.n. unemployment ~ ascuns/mascat - hidden unemployment ~ ciclic - cyclical unemployment ~ de inadaptare - (omaj cauzat de imposibilitatea unei parti a populatiei active, denumitd tehnofobd, de a se adapta tehnicilor fi metodelor avansate de lucrii} frictional unemployment ~ involuntar - (sau keynesian, derivat din dezechilibrul cerere-ofertd, cu consecinte negative pe piata muncii) involuntary unemployment ~ partial - underemployment, half time, short hours ~ rezidual (fomaj care afecteazd forta de mimed cu eficientd scdzutd, necalificatd, fdrd motivatie) residual unemployment ~ sezonier - seasonal unemployment ~ structural - (datorat structurii economics, formelor de proprietate, amplasdrii geografice etc.) structural unemployment ~ tehnic - (determinat de intreruperea activitdtii unei firme, de obicei pe o perioadd determinatd, din lipsa comenzilor) technical unemployment

OM-TI

~ tehnologic - (cauzat de inlocuirea

vechilor tehnici si tehnologii cu altele

noi) technological unemployment ~ temporar/intermediar - (pdnd la gdsirea unui post) search unemployment ~ voluntar - voluntary unemployment omer adj. unemployed, out-of-work/place s.m. unemployed worker; pi. the unemployed ~ partial - worker on short hours, part-time worker $osea s.f. highway, (high) road ~ cu taxa - toll road ~ locala - local/country road, by-road ~ nationala - state highway tampila v.t. to stamp; (scrisori) to postmark
339

tampila s.f. stamp; (sigiliu) signet, seal ~ a firmei - company/corporate/ common seal ~ ,,cantarit" - weight stamp ~ cu data - date stamp ~ cu semnatura - signature stamp ~ de cauciuc - rubber stamp ~ de control/garantie - inspection stamp ~ de numar curent - numbering stamp/machine ~ potala - postmark ~ ,,primit" - received stamp $tanta s.f. (pentru bdtut monede) stamp terge v.t. {a deteriora fata unei bancnote, a unui cec etc.) to deface $tiinta s.f. science tiinte economice - economics

T
tabel s.n. table, schedule, chart; (lista) list ~ centralizat - summarized table ~ de conversie/transformari - (pentru unitdti de mdsurd apartindnd unor sisteme diferite) conversion table ~ de masuri si greutati - table of weights and measures ~ de procente ale dobanzilor - table of interest ~ tarifar - tariff schedule tablou s.n. 1. (tabel) table, chart 2. (de comanda) board, panel ~ al conturilor - (din cartea mare) (cont.) chart of accounts ~ de comanda - control panel ~ de distribute - switchboard tabula v.t. to tabulate, to tabularize tabular adj. tabular tabulare s.f. tabulation ~ fhiala/recapitulativa - master tabulation ~ incrucisata - cross tabulation tabulator s.n. tabulator, tabulating machine talie s.f. (corn.) size talon s.n. 1. coupon; (de chitantd, cec etc.) counterfoil, stub 2. (anexat la o obligatiune la purtdtor si care conferd dreptui la o noud foaie de cupoane cdnd acestea au fost utilizate) talon, renewal coupon ~ de asigurare - insurance note/slip ~ valeric gratuit - (oferit de un magazin, cu care se pot achizitiona unele articole) gift coupon/token/ voucher/certificate tanc s.n. 1. (rezervor) tank 2. (petrolier) (oil) tanker, oil-carrying ship/ vessel, petroleum carrier/ship/ tanker, tank ship/vessel, bulk-oil carrier tantiema s.f. emolument; share, percentage taraba s.f. booth; (in piata) market stall tara s.f. (greutatea ambalajuhu) tare (weight) ~ admisa - (pentru calcularea tarei mtregii partide de mdrfuri) received tare ~ comuna - mean tare ~ conform tarifului vamal - (SUA) schedule tare ~ conform uzantei - use tare ~ efectiva/reala - (greutatea reald a ambalajuhu') actual/clear/real tare ~ estimata - estimated tare ~ legala/vamala - customs/legal tare, tare assumed by the customs ~ medie - average tare -~ normala - normal tare ~ standard - custom-built container ~ suplimentara - supertare ~ uzuala - customary tare a calcula tara - to tare tarif s.n. tariff, rate; price list, schedule; scale ~ casnic - domestic rate ~ compus/mixt - (combinatie intre taxa ad valorem si o taxd vamald specified) compound/two-part tariff ~ curent - going rate

TAR-TAX

341

~ de asigurare - rate of insurance, insurance tariff; (mar.) underwriting rate ~ de baza - basis rate ~ de coletarie/mesagerie - parcel rate ~ de comision - scale of commission ~ de curtaj/brokeraj - commission rate ~ de inchiriere a utilajelor - plant hire rate ~ de navlu - (mar.) charter rate ~ de navlu cartelat - (mar.) conference rate ~ de navlu necartelat - (mar.) nonconference rate ~ de noapte - night charge ~ de tranzit - transit tariff ~ de zi - time-of-day tariff ~ diferential - differential/graduated tariff ~ feroviar - railway rate ~ fiscal - revenue tariff ~ forfetar - restricted tariff ~ intern - inland rate ~ in vigoare - tariff in force ~ intreg/fara reducere - full rate ~ maximal - maximum tariff ~ mobil - sliding scale tariff ~ neuniform - open rate ~ pe mila - mileage ~ pentru calatori - passenger rate ~ pentru marfuri - goods rate ~ pentru munca in acord - piecework rate ~ postal - postal tariff, postage ~ postal pentru corespondenta interna - inland postage ~ unic - single tariff ~ uniform - flat rate ~ vamal - customs tariff

~ vamal comun - (in CEE) common customs tariff ~ vamal de clasificare - (a mdrfurilor) customs schedule ~ vamal de represalii - retaliation/ retaliatory tariff ~ vamal flexibil - flexible tariff ~ vamal pentru tarile care beneficiaza de clauza natiunii celei mai favorizate - most-favoured-nation tariff ~ vamal preferential - preferential tariff ~ vamal protectionist - protection/ protective tariff ~ vamal zonal/pe zone - zone tariff tarifa v. t. to tariff tarifar adj. tariff,..; scheduled taxa v.t. 1. to charge 2. (a impune) to tax, to impose a tax on taxator s.m. 1. (functionar care stabile^te tarifele/taxele) rater, valuer, appraiser 2. (incasator) collector 3. (in tramvai, autobuz etc.) conductor ~ pentru drumuri sail poduri - toll collector/keeper ~ vamal - customs appraiser taxa s.f. tax, charge, contribution; (vamala etc.) duty; (^colara etc.) fee; (rutierd, la piatd etc.) toll; pi. dues; (tarif) tariff, rate - a scontului la cambiile de clasa intai - prime (lending) rate ~ auto/de drumuri - tax disc/token, roadtax - consuiara - consular fee, consulage ~ de amarare demurrage ~ de brevet - patent fee/tax ~ de camion a j - truckage ~ de cantarire - weighing charges ~ de donatie - nift tax

342

TAX-TAX

~ de expertiza - survey fee ~ de export - export duty ~ de import - import duty ~ de intrare - admission/entrance fee, door money ~ de macara - cranage ~ de magazinaj - storage charges ~ de mesagerie - (SUA) expressage ~ de piata (pentru dreptui de a tine un chiosc) stallage ~ de ramburs - cash on delivery fee ~ de redeventa - royalty fee ~ de reescont - rediscount rate
~ de rezervare - (a locului)

reservation fee ~ de scont - discount rate, rate of discount ~ de timbru - stamp duty/tax ~ de transfer de capital - capital transfer tax ~ federala de scont - (SUA) federal discount rate ~ fiscala - fiscal duty ~ ipotecara - mortgage duty ~ normala/in afara orelor de varf off-peak rate ~ oHciala a scontului - official discount rate ~ pe tmbunatatiri - (publice aduse unei proprietdti particulare) betterment levy ~ pe livra - (vamala etc.) poundage ~ pe valoarea adaugata value-added
tax

~ succesorala - succession/inheritance tax, legacy duty ~ $colara - fee ~ uniforma/forfetara - standard charge ~ vamala - customs duty ~ vamala compensatorie - matching duty ~ vamala comunitara - (aplicatd de o piata comunitara sail de o uniune vamala) common external tariff ~ vamala de import - import duty ~ vamala de represalii - retaliatory duty ~ vamala discriminatorie/multipla (la import, infunctie de tara de origine a mdrfurilor) discriminating/ discriminatory/multiple duty ~ vamala preferentiala - preferential duty ~ vamala prohibitive - prohibitive duty ~ vamala protectionista - protective duty ~ vamala reciproca - reciprocal duty ~ vamala restituita - return duty; (atzmci cand mdrfiirile importate sunt reexportate sau folosite la producerea
unor bunuri ce vor fi exportate)

~ pentru bauturile infundate (servite in restaurant) corkage ~ pentru trecerea unei proprietati particulare - toll traverse ~ somptuara - sumptuary/luxury tax
~ statutara (cost administrativ al lickidurii unui imprumut} statutory fee

drawback ~ vamala specifics - {in functie de greutatea, lungimea sail volumul mdrfurilor) specific duty ~ vamala suplimentara - additional duty taxe de andocare - dock dues ~ de antrepozitare - {in antrepozite vamale) bond dues ~ de cheiaj - (de stationare la chei} quay/pier/wharf dues, quayage. pierage, wharfage

TAX-TEH

343

~ de ecluzare ~ lockage (tolls) ~ de incarcare si manipulare - (mar.) shipping and handling charges ~ de navigatie - navigation dues ~ de tonaj - tonnage dues ~ de tranzit - transit dues ~ de trecere prin canal - canal tolls ~ fluviale - river charges/dues ~ locale/comunale - rates ~ notariale - notarial charges/fees ~ pe marfurile operate - cargo dues ~ portuare - harbour dues/fees, port charges/dues ~ si impozite - rates and taxes ~ tarifare/vamale - tariff rates ~ vamale de protejare - (a produselor indigene) safeguarding duties ~ vamale diferentiale - differential duties ~ vamale si de regie customs and excise duties taia v.t. (vite) to slaughter tarie s.f. (normald a alcoohilui) proof targ s.n. 1. (piatd) market (place); (centru comercial) emporium 2. (periodic) fair 3. (ordsel) market town, townlet, small town; (oras) town; (burg) borough 4. (afacere) bargain; (tocmeald) haggle, haggling; (comert) trade, business ~ anual - fair ~ de mostre - trade fair show, sample fair, exhibition ~ de vite - cattle market, stock fair/market ~ universal - world fair targui v.;'. (a cumpdra) to buy; (a se duce la cumpdrdturf) to go shopping v.t. to buy, to purchase v.r. (a se tocmi) to bargain, to haggle

targuiala s.f. 1. buying, purchasing; (cumpdrdturi) shopping 2. (tocmeald) haggle, haggling, bargain a face targuieli/cumparaturi - to go shopping tehnic adj. technical tehnica s.f. technics; (metodd, fel) technique tehnica diagramelor de analiza factorials - factor analysis chart technique ~ metodelor - (man.) methods engineering ~ securitatii muncii - labour safety engineering, industrial safety, safe procedure, security means tehnica de analiza si evaluare grafica - evaluation and review technique ~ de fabricatie a unui produs product engineering tehnician s.m. technician, technical expert, engineer ~ responsabil cu protectia muncii safety engineer ~ responsabil cu studierea timpului de munca - time study engineer tehnocrat^.m. technocrat tehnocratie s.f. technocracy tehnolog s.m. technologist tehnologic adj. technological tehnologie s.f. technology, engineering tehnologia managementului management engineering tehnologie de fabricare a unui produs - product engineering ~ de mare performanta - high technology ~ de prelucrare a petrolului petroleum engineering ~ informationala - information technology

344

TEJ-TER

tejghea s.f. counter tejghetar^.w. counterman telal s.m. old-clothes man, dealer buyer; (SUA) junkman telecomunicatie s.f. telecommunication, communication activity/service televiziune s.f. television ~ cu taxa/abonament - pay television ~ industriala/in circuit tnchis industrial television temporar adj. temporary; provisional;
(despre munca) odd

tendinta s.f. tendency, trend ~ a pietei - market trend ~ ascendenta/de crestere - upward tendency/trend, uptrend ~ de crestere a preturilor - uptrend in prices; (pentru titlurile financiare) bullish tendency ~ de scadere - downward tendency/ trend, downtrend ~ de scadere a nivelului de trai downtrend in living standards ~ de scadere a preturilor - downtrend in prices; (pentru titlurile financiare') bearish tendency ~ generala - general trend tendinte antiinflationiste - anti-inflationary trends ~ economice - economic trends ~ inflationiste - inflationary trends teorie s.f. theory teoria abstinentei - abstinence theory ~ asteptarilor - expectation theory ~ bunastarii - welfare theory ~ ciclului real de afaceri - real business cycle theory ~ cresterii - growth theory ~ deciziei - decision-making theory ~ jocurilor - game theory ~ preturilor - price theory

~ subconsumului - underconsumption theory terera s.n. ground, field, land; (sol) soil; (de constructie) site ~ agricol - farmland ~ arabil - arable/tillable land ~ aurifer - gold field ~ cultivat - tillage land ~ de depozitare - storage yard. stockyard ~ forestier - timber land ~ necultivat - fallow (ground/land). waste land ~ pentru constructia de locuinte residential/housing estate ~ petrolifer - oil field/land teritoriu s.n, territory ~ situat departe de granita sau de mare - inland ~ sub tutela/mandat - trust territory termen s.n. 1. term, time, date, period; (fixat} fixed/appointed/stated date; (limita) time limit, deadline 2. (pasuire) time allowed, delay (granted), respite 3. (dr.) day of appearance, court day; (citatie, chemare in judecata} summons 4. (ciivant) term 5. pi. {conditii contractuale) tenns ~ comercial - business term ~ curent - running term ~ de apel - (dr.) reclaim days ~ de executie (a unei lucrdri de constructie) construction time ~ de garantie - term of guarantee. guarantee period; {al produselor perisabile) shelf/storage life ~ de gratie - (pentru plata unei datorii scadente) (days of) grace ~ de livrare - time of deliver.". delivery date

TER-TEX

345

~ de plata - term of payment, prompt date ~ de posesiune - (al unei proprietdti) tenure ~ de prescriptie - (dr.) prescription period ~ de valabilitate a brevetului - patent life/period ~ final/-limita - fmal/latest/extreme term, closing date, deadline termeni comerciali internationali international commercial terms (Incoterms) ~ contractuali - contract/agreed terms ~ {contractual!} de creditare - credit terms ~ (contractuali) fundamentali fundamental terms terminal adj., s.n. terminal ~ bancar - (bancomaf) cash dispenser ~ de containere - container terminal ~ de decontare a cecurilor - cheque cashing machine ~ de feribot - ferry deck/rack ~ de petroliere - tanker terminal ~ maritim - marine terminal ~ portuar - port terminal terminare s.f. completion, termination, finishing; end ~ a unui rise - (asig.) end of a risk terts.m. third party/person ~ detinator - (al unei cambii) holder in due course ~ proprit - (care define sume datorate sau bunuri mobiliare ce apartin debitorului unui creditor popular) gamishee
test s.n. test

testa v.t. 1. (a incerca, a proba) to test 2. (a Idsa ceva prin testament) to will; (un bun mobiliar) to bequeath, to legate; (un bun imobiliar) to devise testament s.n. will, testament; (pentru bunuri mobiliare) bequest; (pentru bunuri imobiliare) devise a ataca un ~ - to contest a will a deschide un ~ - to open a will a lasa un ~ - to leave a will a muri lasand ~ - to die testate a revoca un ~ - to revoke/to annul/to cancel a will a-si face testamentui - to make one's will testamentar adj. testamentary testare s.f. 1. test, testing 2. (a unui bun mobiliar) bequest, bequeathing; (a unui bun imobiliar) devise, devising ~ a conceptului - (corn.) concept testing ~ a produsului - product test ~ a produsului prin plasare - (temporard la un potential ciimpdrdtor) product placement test ~ directa - (testare in favoarea unei persoane care este cu doud sau mai multe niveluri de generatie sub testator) (dr.) direct skip - fractionata - (a elementelor individiiale care intrd in componenta unei reclame sau a unui ambalaj) atomistic
test

~ de piata - test marketing ~ profesional -job test

~ pe animale - (a produselor casnice sau a medicamentelor) animal testing testatoare s.f. (dr.) testatrix testator s.m. (dr.) testator; (de bunuri mobiliare) legator; (de bunuri imobiliare) devisor textil adj. textile textila s.f. textile, drapery

346

TEZ-TIT

tezaur s.n. 1. treasure; (de bani etc.} hoard; (de stat) treasury 2. (cladire) treasury; (camera de valori) safety vault, strongroom tezauriza v.t. to treasure (up), to hoard (up); to amass tichet s.n. ticket; (bon de cartela) coupon ~ de masa (oferit salariatilor de firma wide lucreazd) luncheon voucher ~ de paine - bread coupon timbra v.t. to stamp timbru s.n. stamp ~ adeziv - adhesive stamp ~ de chitanta - receipt stamp ~ fiscal - fiscal/tax/revenue stamp ~ jubiliar -jubilee stamp ~ postal - postage stamp ~ sec - impressed stamp; embossed press ~ stampilat/obliterat - used stamp timp s.n. time ~ astronomic - astronomic(al) time ~ de asteptare - (pentru operarea navel) waiting time ~ de exploatare/functionare running/operating time ~ de fabricatie a primei piese (dintr-un lot) first piece time ~ de lucru/munca - working hours ~ de nefunctionare a masinii - (din lipsd de materiale, mdnd de lucru sail comenzi) machine idle time; (din motive tehnice) machine down time ~ de operare - (mcdrcare-descdrcare) handling time ~ de pan a - outage time ~ economisit - (la mcdrcarea sau descdrcarea navel) dispatch ~ economisit numai la descarcare (mar.) dispatch discharging only

~ economisit numai la incarcare (mar.) dispatch loading only ~ liber - leisure, spare time ~ local - local time ~ mort - idle/dead/lost time, downtime ~ mort in fluxul tehnologic bottleneck ~ necesar pentru executarea operatiilor de productie - production time ~ total - (in gestiunea stocurilor, timpul scurs de la efectuarea iinei comenzi si pdnd la indeplinirea ei: timpul necesar pentru a-l determina pe un consumator sd cumpere) lead time ~ total de operare - (la magaziile navel) hatch hours ~ universal - Greenwitch mean time a avea timpi morti - (despre masini, utilaje) to idle over tinde v.i. to tend ~ sa creasca - (despre preturl) to tend upwards ~ sa scada - (despre preturi) to tend downwards tip s.n. 1. type; (fel) kind, sort; (model) mark 2. (standard) standard, type tip art v.t. to print tipogratie s.f. 1. (atelier/intreprindere poligrafica) printing firm/house/office.works/establishment 2. (arta tiparuiui) (art of) printing, typography ~ de bancnote - security printing office tiraj s.n. pressrun, number of copies printed; (al periodicelor) circulation; (editie) edition ~ si grad de citire - circulation and readership titlu s.n. \. (de carte) title; (;'/; nor) headline 2. (document) title, deed 3. (de

TIT-TIT

347

valoare) security, paper, note, certificate; (emis de stat sau de municipalitate) stock; (actiuni) stock 4. (titru) title, titre, fineness, standard ~ al aliajului - standard of alloy ~ al monedei - standard of coinage ~ de creanta - loan note, debenture ~ de creanta fara scadenta perpetual/irredeemable debenture ~ de proprietate - title (deed), deed of property, document of title, title to property, vested interest ~ de proprietate absolut - absolute title ~ de proprietate incomplet/imperfect - defective title ~ de proprietate inregistrat/inscris (in cartea funciara) registered title ~ de proprietate legal - legal/sound title ~ de proprietate negrevat - clear title ~ de proprietate restrans - qualified title ~ de valoare - security, paper, note, certificate; (emis de stat sau de municipalitate) stock; (actiuni) stock; (care reprezintd capitalul propriu) equity ~ de valoare american sau Canadian - dollar stock ~ de valoare convertibil - (pbli'gatiune sau actiune preferentiald care poate fi schimbatd, la optiunea titularului, in actiuni comune ale societdtii emitente) convertibile security/stock ~ de valoare cu curs fluctuant floating rate note ~ de valoare cu dobanda fixa - fixed-interest security

~ de valoare cu optiune (tranzactionat la o data. si im pret specificat) stock option, option stock ~ de valoare de calitate/sigur - gilt-edged security ~ de valoare emis de o banca - bank security ~ de valoare exprimat in valuta -foreign currency security ~ de valoare garantat prin active -asset-backed security ~ de valoare guvernamental/de stat government security ~ de valoare inactiv/fara cautare inactive security ~ de valoare international - (care se poate tranzactiona pe pietele Internationale) international security ~ de valoare la ordin - order security ~ de valoare la purtator - bearer security, floater ~ de valoare la termen - dated security ~ de valoare necotat/nelistat - (la bur so) unquoted/unlisted/nonlisted security; (tranzactionat pe piata extra-bursiera) over-the-counter security ~ de valoare negociabil/transferabil negotiable/transferable security ~ de valoare nominal - registered security ~ de valoare preferential - (cu plata prioritard a dividendelor) senior security; (SUA) prior preferred stock ~ de valoare secundar - (cu dreptiiri ma'i mid asupra activelor si a veni-turilor decdt alte titluri considerate prioritare} junior security ~ executoriu - (dr.) writ of execution - oneros - (dr.} valuable consideration ~ putativ - (dr.) pus-alive title

348

TIT-TON

titru s.n. (cantitatea de metal pretios dintr-un aliaj exprimatd in parti la mie) titre, title titular adj. titular, titulary s.m. (al unei licente, al unui cont etc.) holder; {al unui post, al unei functii) occupant; (suplinit al unei functii) titular; (al unei polite de asigurare de viatd) nominee ~ al unei autorizatii/licente - licensee ~ al unei polite de asigurare - policy holder ~ al unui brevet/patent - patentee, patent owner ~ al unui cont - account holder, name of an account ~ precedent - (al unor titluri de valoare) previous holder toata adj. all toate celelalte pericole - (asig.) all other perils ~ drepturile rezervate - all rights reserved, copyright reserved ~ pericolele, primejdiile si acciden-tele de mare - (asig. mar.) all perils, dangers and accidents of the sea ~ pierderile sau pagubele - (asig. mar.) all loss or damage ~ riscurile - (asig.) all risks ~ riscurile, oricare ar fi acestea -(asig. mar.) all risks whatsoever tocmeala s.f. haggle, haggling tocmi v.t. 1. (a angaja in slujba) to engage, to hire on; (pentru o treaba) to hire on 2. (a comanda) to order v.r. {a se tdrgui) (pentru) to haggle (about, over), to traffic (for) a se ~ mult - to drive a hard bargain tocmire s.f. (a unui liicrdtor) hire toleranta s f tolerance, allowance; margin, limit: (a litriilui unei monocle)

remedy; (a greutdtii unei monede) allowance ~ de greutate - tolerance of weight ~ larga wide margin tonaj s.n. (mar.) tonnage ~ al flotei comerciale - merchant tonnage ~ al navei (in tone registru) vessel tonnage, shipping space ~ al navelor de linie - liner (cargo) tonnage ~ al navelor de pasageri - passenger tonnage ~ al navelor destinate exportului export tonnage ~ al navelor fluviale river tonnage ~ al navelor frigorifice - refrigerating tonnage ~ al navelor invechite obsolete/overage tonnage ~ al navelor maritime - seagoing tonnage ~ al navelor navlosite pe voiaj - trip-charter tonnage ~ al navelor mici - small tonnage ~ al navelor neexploatate - laid-up tonnage ~ al navelor oceanice - ocean-going tonnage ~ al navelor-tramp - tramp (cargo) tonnage ~ al petrolierului tanker tonnage ~ brut - gross tonnage ~ curat - (la petroliere) clean tonnage - de cabotaj -- coastal tonnage - de ilicarcare - (grentate sou volum) cargo tonnage ~ deadweight - ileadvveight tonnage disponibil - prompt tonnage. snipping availability

TON-TRA

349

~ excesiv - (cand numdrul navelor de transport depdse^te cu mult cererea) overtonnage ~ global - aggregate tonnage ~ international - international tonnage ~ mondial - world tonnage ~ navlosit - charter/freight tonnage ~ nefolosit - (a/ navelor care stationeazd in rezerva} idle tonnage ~ net - net tonnage ~ pentru cereale - grain tonnage ~ pentru marfuri uscate - dry cargo tonnage ~ pierdut/mort - waste tonnage ~ -registru - register/measurement tonnage, ship's registered tonnage ~ -registru brut - gross/brutto register tonnage, gross measurement ~ -registru net - net register tonnage, net measurement ~ sub punte - underdeck tonnage, tonnage under deck ~ zilnic de incarcare - daily tonnage allocation tona s.f. ton ~ americana/scurta - American/short ton ~ americana de capacitate American shipping ton ~ de congelare - refrigeration ton ~ de incarcare/transport - shipping ton ~ de navlu/volum - cargo/freight/ measurement ton ~ deadweight - deadweight ton ~ - deplasament - displacement ton ~ engleza/lunga - English/long ton ~ impozabila - rateable ton ~ metrica - metric ton, tonne ~ -registru - register ton

~ -registru brut - gross register ton, vessel ton ~ -registru net - net register ton ~ vamala - (SUA) revenue ton toneta s.f. stall, stand ~ de ziare - newsstand topograf^.m. topographer, surveyor topografie s.f. topography, survey tot adj. all ~ intr-unul - all-in ~ timpul economisit in ambele porturi - (de operare) (mar.) all time saved both ends total adj. total, whole, aggregate, entire; (global} gross, overall s.n. total, whole; aggregate; (suma totala) sum (total), (total) amount ~ al datoriei - gross debt ~ al despagubirii - (platite asiguratului de societatea de asigurdri) capital sum ~ al disponibilitatilor banesti - cash on hand ~ al incasarilor - (unui magazin, totalul banilor din casierie) till money ~ al pasivului - total liabilities totaliza v.t. to totalize, to total, to tot up, to add up, to sum up; (a aduna) to add up, to cast up, to figure up v.i. to total tracta v. t. to haul tractor s. n. tractor ~ agricol - farm tractor ~ cu roti - wheel tractor ~ pe senile - caterpillar tractor ~ -remorcher - (la camioane) lorry tractor ~ universal - universal/all-purpose tractor

350

TRA-TRA

trafic s.n. 1. (corn.) traffic, trading; {corner} ilegal) traffic, illicit trading 2. traffic ~ aerian - air traffic ~ combinat - (feroviar ^.i rutier) joint traffic ~ comercial - commercial/trading traffic ~ de coletarie/mesagerie - parcel traffic ~ de influenta - wangle(s), pressure, intercession ~ de marfuri - goods/merchandise/ freight traffic, cargo turnover/ performance ~ de marfuri in vrac - bulk traffic ~ de marfuri perisabile - perishable traffic ~ de pasageri - passenger traffic ~ de tranzit - transit traffic, traffic in transit ~ expres - (de marfuri) express traffic ~ feroviar - railway traffic ~ intens/aglomerat - heavy traffic ~ maritim - marine/maritime/sea/ seaborne traffic, shipping ~ maritim de coasta - coastal traffic ~ maritim de linie - liner shipping ~ oceanic - ocean traffic ~ portuar - dock/harbour traffic ~ regulat - regular traffic traficant s.m. 1. trader, trafficker 2. (peiorativ) speculator, profiteer ~ de influenta - wangler
trage v.t. (a scrie, a emite o cambie, tin

tragere s.f. 1. (a unei cambii, a unui cec, a unei trate) drawing 2. {la loterie) drawing tramping s.n. (transport pe mare cu nave - tramp) tramping transatlantic adj. transatlantic s.n. transatlantic ship/vessel, ocean/Atlantic liner ~ de mare tonaj - superliner ~ rapid - crack liner transbord s.n. transshipment ~ vamal - transshipment bond note transborda v.t. to transship, to reload transbordare s.f. transshipment, reloading, transfer ~ de marfuri - goods transshipment ~ de pasageri - passenger transshipment ~ intre nave - ship-to-ship transfer transcontainer s.n. (container de transbordare) transcontainer transcrie v.t. 1. to transcribe 2. (a
copia un act juridic intr-un registrii public special) (dr.) to register 3. (in

cartea mare) (cont.) to post transcriere s.f. 1. transcription 2. (dr.) registration, registering 3. (in cartea mare) (cont.) posting ~ ipotecara - registration of mortgage transfer s.n. 1. transfer 2. (dr.) transfer; (cesiune) assignment; (de
proprietate) conveyance

cec, o tratd) to draw ~ foloase de pe urma - to derive benefit from ~ la sorti - to draw lots

~ autorizat de actiuni - (bur.) certified transfer ~ bancar prin virament - bank transfer ~ de actiuni - share transfer ~ de capital - (intre doua tart) capital transfer/movement ~ de creante - transfer of debts ~ de fonduri - funds transfer

TRA-TRA

351

~ de fonduri prin posta - (sistemul cecurilor po^tale) postal giro ~ de tehnologie - technology transfer ~ de venituri - income transfer ~ efectiv de titluri de valoare - (de la vdnzdtor la cumpdrdtor) physical delivery of securities ~ electronic de date - electronic data transfer ~ electronic de fonduri - electronic funds transfer ~ electronic de fonduri la punctele de vanzare - {tranzactii pe baza de card) electronic funds transfer at point of sale ~ electronic de fonduri neautorizat unauthorized electronic funds transfer ~ fraudulos - (de cdtre un debitor falit al unei parti din proprietatea sa pentru a msela creditorii) (dr.) fraudulent conveyance ~ interbancar de fonduri - interbank funds transfer
~ in alb (de actiuni, numele cesionarului rdmdndnd necompletat in

acte) blank transfer ~ telegrafic - (de fonduri) cable/wire transfer transfera v.t. 1. to transfer 2. (dr.) to transfer; (a ceda, a cesiond) to assign; (o proprietate) to convey, to make over, to release; (o proprietate funciard prin mdnd moarta) to amortize transferabil adj. transferable; (cesionabit) assignable transforma v.t. to transform; to
convert

~ in bani/numerar - to convert into money/cash ~ in sistemul zecimal - to decimalize ~ un activ in numerar - to liquidate

transmisibil adj. transmissible; transferable transmite v.t. 1. (a inmdnd) to hand over, to deliver; (prin mandat) to remit 2. (a transfera) to transfer; (dr.) to transfer; (a ceda, a cesiond) to assign; (o proprietate) to convey, to make over, to release; (o proprietate funciar a prin mdnd moarta) to amortize; (prin testament) to demise 3. (o cambie, un cec prin andosare) to endorse over transmitere s.f. 1. (inmdnare) handing over, delivery; (expediere de bani) remittance 2. (transfer) transfer; (dr.) transfer; (cesionare) assignment; (a unei proprietdti) conveyance; (a unei proprietdti funciare prin mdnd moarta) amortization; (prin testament) demise 2. (a unei cambii, a unui cec prin andosare) endorsement ~ a dreptului de proprietate - transfer of ownership ~ necorespunzatoare - {a actiunilor) (bur.) bad delivery ~ prin vanzare - (a proprietdtii) conveyance on sale ~ voluntara/cu titlu gratuit - (a proprietdtii) voluntary conveyance/ consequence/disposition transnational adj. transnational transport s.n. 1. (transportare) transport, transportation, conveyance, carriage; (cdrdusie) haulage 2. (de mdrfuri pe apa) freight, freightage, cargo shipping; (de mdrfuri pe apa, iiscat sou calea aerului) (SUA) freight; (cu vagonul sau camionuJ) truckage, trucking; (cu tractiune animald) cartage ~ aerian - air transport ~ auto - automotive/motor transport

TRA-TRA

~ cu nave-tramp - tramp shipping '-' cu lepuri - lighterage ~ de animate vii - cattle traffic/ transport ~ de bu^teni - logging ~ de cabotaj - (mar.) coastwise/coastal shipping ~ de cereale - grain transport ~ de contrabands - carriage of contraband ~ de mare viteza - (c.f.) time freight '- de marfuri - goods transport/ carriage/traffic, load-carrying transport; (mar.') cargo/merchant shipping, freightage ~ de marfuri lichide - tanker trade ~ de marfuri refrigerate - (mar.) refrigerated shipping ~ de pasageri - passenger service/transport; (mar.) passenger shipping ~ de produse petroliere - (cu auto cister ne) oil trucking; (cu nave petroliere) oil shipment ~ feroviar/pe calea ferata - railway transport, rail carriage/transport, railage; (SUA) railroad transport ~ fluvial - river transport ~ in tranzit - transit transport ~ in vrac - carriage in bulk ~ maritim - marine/maritime transport, sea shipping/carriage, cargo shipping, carriage by sea ~ nevagonabil - (cu vagon incomplet) part-truckload consignment ~ oceanic - ocean shipping ~ pe apa - water carriage/transport/ haul, waterage ~ pe ape interioare - waterway traffic ~ pe distanta scurta - short haul

~ pe uscat - land carriage/transport. overland carriage/transport, transport by land ~ public - mass transit ~ - retur (cu contraincdrcdturd) backhaul ~ rutier - road transport/haulage transportui in contui destinatarului charges forward ~ in contui expeditorului - charges prepaid transporta v.t. to transport, to convey, to carry; (marfuri pe apa) to freight; (marfuri pe apa, uscat sou calea aerului) (SUA) to freight; (prin cdrau^ie) to haul ~ cu feribotnl - to ferry ~.cu nava-to ship ~ cu lepuri - to lighter ~ cu vagonul-platforma sail cu camionul - to truck ~ pe calea ferata - to rail; (SUA) to railroad ~ prin conducta - to pipe transportabil adj. transportable; (portabil) portable transportat adj. transported, conveyed, carried ~ pe apa - waterbome ~ pe calea aerului - airborne ~ pe fluviu - riverborne ~ pe mare - seaborne transportator s.m. transporter, (contract) carrier; (rutier) (road) haulier trana s.f. (a unui imprumut) tranche ~ in aur - (cotd de participare, depusd in aur, de cdtre un stat - membru al FMI) gold tranche tranzactie s.f. 1. transaction, deal. dealing, bargain; (financiara) operation 2. agreement; settlement

TRA-TRA

~ a la baisse (bur.) bear transaction ~ a la hausse - {bur.) bull transaction ~ bancara banking transaction ~ corecta - fair/square deal ~ cu marfa disponibila - spot deal/transaction ~ cu optiune - (prin care titluri de valoare sail mdrfuri sunt tranzactionate la data ,S7 pret specificat) (bur.) option business' dealing, privilege ~ cu plata in numerar - (In livrare) spot deal/transaction, cash transaction ~ de barter/in contrapartida - barter transaction ~ dezavantajoasa/Tn necuno$tinta de cauza - (dr.} unconscionable bargain ~ executata cu acordul partilor locked-in trade ~ imobiliara real estate transaction ~ in bloc - (de pachete mari de actiuni) block trading ~ in compensatie - compensation deal ~ in lant - chain transaction ~ in participate - deal on joint account ~ la termen - (bur.) time bargain ~ monetara - monetary transaction ~ necinstita - bogus/fraudulent transaction, unfair deal ~ neinregistrata contabil - no-book transaction ~ nemonetara - nonmonetary transaction ~ stransa/cu marja redusa de catig tight bargain ~ switch - (la export, realizatd in devize printr-o a treia tar a pentru eludarea reglementdrilor valutare) switch deal/transaction

tranzactii ale initiatilor - (directori de societdti, inaiti functionari care posedd informatii suplimentare despre anumite actiuni tranzactionate) (bur.) insider dealings/trading ~ asistate de calculator - (bur.) computer-aided/'-assisted trading ~ futures - (contracte de vdnzare sail ciimpdrare de mdrfiiri ori active financiare la o data viitoare prestabilita) futures transactions ~ in cliring - clearing transactions ~ la termen - forward dealings ~ marginale (cu plena jumdtate in numerar, jumdtate pe credit) (bur.) margin trading ~ neoficiale/dupa inchiderea bursei after-hours dealings ~ speculative/riscante - speculative operations tranzactiona v.t. to deal; to trade tranzactionare s.f. dealing; trading ~ de marfuri - (la bursa) commodity trading tranzit s.n. transit, through traffic tranzita v.t. to transit, to convey in transit v.i. to transit tranzitare s.f. transit; conveying in transit tranzitie s.f. transition ~ la economia de piata - transition to a market economy tras s.m. (debitor asupra cdruia s-a emis o cambie pe care este obligat sd o onoreze la scadentd) drawee tratat s.n. treaty, convention; (acord) agreement ~ comercial - commercial/trade treaty ~ de navigatie - navigation treaty/ convention tratative s.f. pi. talks, negotiations

354

TRA-TRI

~ comerciale - trade negotiations/talks ~ in curs - negotiations in progress/under way ~ la nivel inalt - top-level talks ~ neoficiale - underdealings a fi in ~ cu cineva - to be in negotiation with smb. a incepe ~ - to enter into/to open negotiations/talks a purta ~ - to hold negotiations/talks, to carry on/to conduct negotiations trata s.f. draft, bill of exchange ~ bancara - bank/banker's draft ~ documentara/comerciala - (trasa de un exportator fi prezentatd cumpdrdtorului pentru acceptare) documentary draft ~ la termen - time draft ~ la vedere - presentation/sight draft ~ neacceptata - unaccepted draft ~ neonorata - (la scadentd) dishonoured draft trauler s.n. trawler (ship) ~ de pescuit - (fard prelucrarea pestelui prins) catching/flsh/nonprocessing trawler ~ de pescuit costier - inshore trawler ~ frigorific - refrigerating trawler ~ maritim - deep-/distant - sea water ~ -uzina - (de pescuit si prelucrare a pestelui prins) trawler-factory, processing trawler tragator s.m. (persoand care emite o cambie) drawer treapta s.f. degree, scale; (etapd) stage; (rang) rank ~ de cotatie - (bur.) tick ~ de salarizare - wage scale, scale of
wages

trece v.t. 1. (a inregistra) to register; (pe o listd etc.) to enter 2. (o lege) to pass ~ in cont - (cont.) to enter/to carry/to put to account ~ la ordinea de zi - to proceed with the business of the day ~ prin vama - to clear to the customs tren s.n. train ~ de calatori - passenger train ~ de marfa - goods/cargo train; (de containere) freightliner; (SUA) freight train ~ direct - through/nonstop train ~ forestier - log train ~ local - local (train); (SUA) way train ~ mixt (cu vagoane de marfa si calatori) mixed/composite/passenger and goods train ~ personal - passenger/slow train; (SUA) accommodation train ~ rapid - fast train, express (train) ~ rutier - (ansamblu autocamion--remorcd) lorry-/truck-trailer combination trezorerie s.f. treasury trezorierj'./n. treasurer tribunal s.n. tribunal, law court, court (of justice/law) ~ administrativ - administrative tribunal ~ civil - civil court ~ comercial commercial court ~ competent - court of competent jurisdiction ~ cu jurisdictie generala - court of general jurisdiction ~ cu jurisdictie limitata - court or limited jurisdiction ~ de arbitraj - arbitration tribunal ~ de munca - industrial tribunal

~ de salarizare mobila - sliding wage scale

TRI-TUT

355

~ de prima instanta - court of original jurisdiction ~ districtual/regional - district court ~ maritim - maritime/naval court ~ militar - military court ~ suprem - Supreme Court trimestrial adj. quarterly, trimestrial trimestru s.n. quarter (of year), trimester; (scalar) term trimis s.m. (diplomatic) envoy; (reprezentant, delegaf) representative, delegate ~ extraordinar si ministru plenipotentiar - envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary trimite v.t. to send (off), to dispatch; (prin posta) to post, to mail; (mdrfuri etc.) to forward ~ circulare - to circularize ~ in consignatie - (mdrfuri) to consign triplicat s.n. (al treilea exemplar) triplicate, third copy troc s.n. truck, swap, swapping, swop, dicker; barter a face ~ - to truck, to swap, to dicker; to barter trusa s.f. kit ~ de scule - tool kit/outfit/set

trust s.n. trust, pool ~ de transporturi maritime shipping pool tura s.f. (schimb de lucru) shift ~ cu efectiv dublu - double shift ~ de lucru - working shift ~ de noapte - night shift ~ de zi - day shift turism-y.M. tourism, travel ~ in afara sezonului - off-season tourism twist s.m. tourist ~ - automobilist - tourer turnichet s.n. (care functioneazd dupd
introducerea monedei, a cartelei etc.)

paygate tutela s.f. (dr.) guardianship, trusteeship, wardship; (asupra unei averi) trust ~ activa - active trust ~ discretionara - discretionary trust ~ executorie - executory trust ~ prezumata/implicita - constructive trust ~ testamentara - testamentary trust tutore s.f. 1. (curator) guardian, tutor 2. (administrator, mandatar) administrator, trustee

T
tara s.f. country; nation ~ creditoare - creditor nation ~ cu sistem de asigurari sociale welfare state ~ de destinatie - {a mdrfii) country of destination ~ de origine - (a mdrfii) country of origin ~ de tranzit - transit country ~ debitoare - red country ~ exportatoare - exporting country ~ maritima - maritime country ~ -membra - member country tari dezvoltate economic- developed countries ~ industrializate - industrial countries ~ in curs de dezvoltare - developing countries ~ in tranzitie la economia de piata countries in transition to a market economy ~ subdezvoltate - underdeveloped/less developed countries tesatorie s.f. 1. (meserie, artd) weaving, weaver's trade 2. (atelier) weaving mill tine v.t. 1. {mdrfuri m stoc pentru vdnzare) to keep; (a pastrd) to keep, to hold; {contabilitatea, evidenta) to keep 2. (a refine) to retain 3. (a administrd) to manage, to administer 4. (a intretine) to keep up, to mantain ~ casa - (corn.) to keep the cash, to act as cashier ~ contabilitatea - to keep the accounts/books, to do the bookkeeping ~ inflatia sub control - to curb the inflation ~ in buna stare - to keep in good repair ~ la dispozitia cuiva - to hold at smb.'s disposal ~ la pret - to keep/to stick to the prices ~ marfuri in magazin - to keep articles/goods in the shop ~ o sedinta - to hold a meeting ~ seama de - to take into account ~ un discurs - to deliver/to make a speech tinta s.f. (obiectiv) target titei s.n. crude oil/petroleum, petroleum ~ brut - crude/raw oil, petroleum crude ~ fara gaze - dead oil ~ greu - heavy crude oil ~ usor - light crude oil, light fuel (oil)
tol s.m. (imitate de mdsura pentru

lungime) inch

u
ucenics.m. apprentice, improver a intra (ca) ~ - to be apprenticed (to a trade), to be bound apprentice (to a trade), to be indentured'articled ucenicie s.f. apprenticeship, prenticehood a da la ~ (la) - to bind apprentice (to), to put apprentice (to), to apprentice (to), to indent (to) uium s.n. (la moara) toll a-si lua uiumul - (despre morar) to toll ulaj s.n. (spatiu Idsat liber in tancurile unei nave petroliere, in cisterne sau in butoaie dupd incdrcare, pentru a se asigura loc de expansiune lichidului) ullage ultim adj. last, final, ultimate, closing ultima citire - (citirea tuturor cursurilor stabilite mtr-o sedintd bursierd, in prezenta agentilor de schimb la includerea tranzactiilor) final reading ~ distribuire - (a profitului unei societdti, sub forma dividendelor, fdcuta de obicei la sfdrsit de an) final distribution ~ licitare - closing bid ~ somatic (adresatd unui datornic) final application/notice ~ zi de tranzactionare - (bur.) last trading day ultimul curs - closing price ~ intrat, primul iesit - (metodd de control al stocurilor, care presupune ca ultimele mdrfuri cumpdrate vor fi utilizate primele in procesul de productie) (cont.) last-in, first-out ~ pret - final price ~ termen - final date ultimo adv. (termen ce semnificd ultima zi a lunii, folosit frecvent pentru a desemna operatiile lunare de lichidare) ultimo uncie s.f. (imitate de mdsura pentru greutate) ounce ~ lichida - fluid ounce unealta s.f. (working) tool, utensil, implement, instrument unelte agricole - agricultural/farming implements uni v.t. (intr-unfond comun capitaluri, beneficii etc.) to pool v.r. (a fuziona; despre companii} to merge, to amalgamate, to consolidate unifica v.t. {companii) to amalgamate, to consolidate v.r. {a fuziona) to merge, to amalgamate, to consolidate unificare s.f. (fuziune) merging, merger, amalgamation, consolidation unitate s.f. unit ~ agricola de cont - agricultural unit of account ~ de consum - consumption unit ~ de cont - unit of account ~ de cost - cost unit ~ de emitere a ordinelor si de conducere (principiu managerial conform cdruia un salariat trebuie sd primeascd indicatii de la un singur superior) unity of command and direction ~ de masura - unit of measure ~ de navlu - (mar.) freight unit ~ de plata - payment unit

358

UNI-UTI

~ de productie - production unit ~ de produs - product item ~ de valoare - unit of value ~ decizionala - (man.) decision-making unit ~ economica cu deficit - (cu cheltuieli mai mari decdt veniturile) deficit/surplus spending unit ~ europeana de cont - European Unit of Account ~ monetara - monetary unit ~ monetara de cont - accounting currency, money of account ~ monetara europeana - European Currency Unit ~ monetara oficiala - (a unei tdri) standard money ~ strategica de afaceri - (cea mai mica unitate a unei corporatii care poate aplica o strategic independents) (man.) strategic business unit ~ volumetrica - cubic measure uniune s.f. 1. union 2. confederation ~ economica - economic union ~ monetara - monetary union ~ postala - postal union ~ vamala - customs/tariff union universal adj. 1. universal, world-wide 2. all-/general-purpose urbanism s.n. town/city/municipal planning urbanist s.m. urbanist, town planner urbanistica s.f. town planning urbaniza v.t. to urbanize urea v.;. (a creste) to rise, to go up; (despre cursuri bursiere) to trade up; (a spori) to increase urgenta v.t. to speed up; (a accelera) to accelerate; (a rep-olva urgent) to expedite

~ livrarea/predarea - to speed up delivery urmari v.t. (in justitie) to sue, to bring an action against, to take proceedings against urmarire s.f. (judiciara) action, lawsuit, prosecution ~ in caz de faliment - debt collection under bankruptcy proceedings ~ pentru datorii execution for debts ~ pentru realizarea gajului - debt collection for realization of pledged property urmator adj. next, following, subsequent; (succesiv) successive urmatorul andosator subsequent endorser ~ detinator - subsequent holder utila v.t. to equip, to fit out utilaj s.n. equipment, machinery, plant (stock); facility ~ agricol - farm equipment, agricultural machinery ~ de manipulare a marfurilor cargo handling equipment ~ de remorcare haulage equipment/gear; (mar.) towage/towing equipment ~ de stivuire - stevedore equipment ~ petrolier - oil equipment ~ portuar - docking facility, port equipment utilitara s.f. commercial car/vehicle, package car utilitate s.f. 1. utility, usefulness 2. pi. (servicii publice de apa, gaze, electricitate etc.) utilities utilitati publice - public utilities utiliza v.t. to utilize, to use utilizare ..s'./ utilization, use; employment

UTI-UZU

359

~ anterioara - (a unei inventii brevetate) prior use ~ finala (utilizarea umii produs de cdtre beneficiarul final) end use ~ neautorizata - unauthorized use utilizator^.m. user ~ final - (beneficiarul final al unui produs) end-user ~ frecvent - (comparator frecvent al unui produs) heavy user uza v.i. to use, to make use of; to utilize v.r. to wear uzanta s.f. 1. (reguli de comportament comercial rezultdnd din institutionalizarea practicilor de afaceri) usage, practice, custom 2. (stabilirea termenului de platd pentru cambia ce trebuie achitatd intr-o tard strdind, potrivit practicii uzuale comerciale) usance ~ a portului - custom of the port ~ comerciala - commercial custom/ usage, trade custom/usage, practice of trade, commercialism uzante ale profesiunii - professional practices uzina v.t. to tool uzina s.f. plant, works; (fabricu) factory; (intreprindere} enterprise ~ constructoare de ina$ini machine/engineering works ~ de apa - waterworks

~ electrica - power station ~ furnizoare - supply plant ~ metalurgica - metal works, iron and steel plant uzual adj. usual, customary uzucapiune s.f. (prescriptie achitizivd, mod de dobandire a proprietdtii imobiliare prin efectui unei posesiuni prelungite de bund-credinta) (dr.) usucaption, usucapion, usucapio, acquisitive prescription uzufruct s.n. (dr.) usufruct, beneficial ownership/interest ~ viager - (dr.) life interest uzufructuar adj. usufructuary s.m. usufructuary, beneficial owner uzura s.f. wear (and tear), wearing; attrition ~ fizica - (pierderea treptatd a caracteristicilor tehnice si functionale ale bunurilor de capital fix, urmare a folosirii lor in procesul de productie) depreciation, capital consumption ~ morala - (deprecierea capitalului fix ca urmare a progresului tehnic) obsolescence ~ normala - ordinary/usual/fair wear and tear ~ prin frecare - (a marfwilor in limpid transportului) wear by chafing

v
vacant adj. 1. (despre un post, un Joe etc.) vacant; (despre un post) void 2. (fard proprietar; despre buiuiri, mosteniri) abeyant a deveni ~ (despre un post) to fall in vacanta s.f. 1. holiday(s); (universitara, judiciara) vacation; (parla.menta.ru, judiciara) recess 2. (post vacant) vacancy vad s.n. (corn.) good custom, prosperous business; (loc frecventat de clientele!) place of great resort; shop with a large custom vagon s.n. 1. railway carriage, coach, car; (de mar/a) waggon; (platforma) truck 2. (de tramvai) tramcar; (SUA) street car, trolley(car) 3. (incdrcdturd) waggon load; (SUA) carload ~ - cisterna - tank waggon/car ~ de calatori - railway coach/car ~ de coletarie/mesagerie - parcel car ~ de dormit - sleeping car ~ de marfa - (goods) waggon; (acoperif) van; (SUA) freight car, freighter ~ frigorific - refrigerated waggon ~ incomplet - part truckload ~ -platforma - platform waggon, truck, lorry; (SUA) flatcar ~ -platforma pentru transportui animalelor vii - cattletmck ~ -platforma pentru transportui bu$tenilor - timber tmck ~ plin/complet - truckload ~ postal - mail van/car ~ -restaurant - dining/restaurant car valabil adj. 1. (despre un titlii, un argument etc.) valid 2. (dr.) (activ, in vigoare) valid, available, effective, effectual; (autentic) authentic 3. (despre monede) current, good, passable; (despre bilete) valid, available, good valabilitate s.f. \. (dr.) validity, availability, effectuamess, force 2. (a unui bilet, a unui pasaport) availability, validity valid adj. (valabil, in vigoare) valid valida v.t. to validate; (a ratified) to ratify; (un document) to authenticate valoare s.f. value; (pret) worth ~ a activelor - asset value ~ a activelor pe actiune - (valoarea contabild totald a activelor unei societdti impartitd la numdrul de actiuni comiine emise) asset backing/value per share ~ a marfurilor nevamuite - bonded value ~ a monedei (puterea de cumpdrare a monedei unei tdri) value of money, money value ~ a politei de asigurare - sum insured/of insurance ~ a unei proprietati imobiliare (minus suma ipotecilor) equity ~ a vanzarilor pe piata interna home sales ~ a venitului - income value ~ actuala - present value ~ adaugata (diferenta dintre incasdrile totale ale unei firme din vdnzarea produselor si a serviciilor si

VAL-VAL

361

pidtile fdcute cdtre furnizori) added value, value added ~ anuala - (a uniii activ, luatd ca baza de calcul a impozitelor) (fin.) annual value ~ asigurata - insurance/insured value, amount of insurance ~ bruta - gross value ~ bursiera - stock exchange/market value ~ capitalizata/de randament (yaloarea actuald a unui activ calculatd prin capitalizarea beneficiilor sale viitoare cu ajutorul unei rate determinatd de capitalizare) capitalized income value ~ comerciala - commercial/sales/ market value ~ compensata - value here and there ~ contabila - book value ~ contractuala - contract value ~ convenita - (a politei de asigurare) agreed value ~ de amortizare/rambursare redemption value ~ de asigurare - insurance value ~ de cumparare - purchase value ~ de inventar - inventory/stocktaking value ~ de ipotecare - hypothecation value ~ de piata - market value ~ de plasament/portofoliu - (a unui titlu de valoare) investment value ~ de rascumparare - (a unei polite de asigurare) surrender value ~ de rentabilitate - value in earning power ~ de revanzare - resale value ~ de schimb - exchange value ~ de sistare (a unei activitdu de afaceri) break-up value

~ declarata - (in vama) declared value ~ economica - economic value ~ efectiva/reala - effective value ~ estimata - estimated/appraised value ~ extrinseca - extrinsic value ~ facturata - invoice/invoiced value ~ finala - end value ~ fiscala/impozabila - tax/taxable value ~ furnizata - value given ~ intrinseca - (a unei monede, a unui produs etc.) intrinsic value ~ in cont - value in account ~ in rise - (asig.) interest at risk ~ in uz (yaloarea unui teren sail a unei cladiri pe piata. dacd se pdstreazd aceeasi destinatie si aceleasi dotdri ca in momentui vinderii) existing-use value ~ in vama - customs/tariff value ~ in ziua primirii - value day of receipt ~ intreaga - full value ~ locativa - rental value ~ (locativa) impozabila - rat(e)able value ~ maxima - maximum/peak value ~ medie -- average/mean value ~ neta - net value; (valoarea unei societdti reprezentdnd activele totale minus pasivele totale) net worth, owner's equity ~ neta a profitului - net profit value ~ neta actualizata - (cont.) net present value ~ neta in stare buna - (asig.) net sound value ~ neta realizabila - (cont.) net realizable value

362

VAL-VAL

~ nominala - (sumd exigibild inscrisd pe un titlu, o bancnotd sau o monedd metalica) nominal/face/par value ~ practica (a unui produs raportatd la utilitatea sa pentru om) value in use ~ prescrisa/ceruta - set value ~ primita - (formula pe o cambie) received value ~ ramasa - remainder value ~ reala - actual/real/true value ~ reala de piata - fair market value ~ reziduala (yaloarea rdmasd a unui activ depreciable) (cont.) residual value; {yaloarea unui activ de capital la sfdr^itui perioadei specificate; in problemele de alocare a capitalului, ea reprezintd pretui actual pe piata al unui activ la mdna a doud) {fin.) salvage value - totala - aggregate value ~ unitara (coeficient care exprimd valoarea totala a unei anumite productii comerciale, intr-o perioadd determinatd de timp, impdrtitd la volumul acesteia} unit value ~ viltoare (a iinei sume de bani cu dohdnda compusa) future value valor! ale marcii - brand values ~ imobiliare -- (terenuri, imobile etc.) real estate/property ~ mobiliare - (titluri de valoare tiegociabile pe piata financiara) movable assets, movables, negotiable instruments Ysiora v.i. to be worrh; (de:;pre wim) to exchange for '- iaai iiiult 'leclti. - l.o outvalue 1 "- mult - io be wonli misch -- putsn - to be worils liilie

valorifica v.t. to make good use of, to turn to good account, to render profitable/valuable; (o rnla^tind, un teren viran) to reclaim; (de^euri) to recover valoros adj. valuable, precious valutar adj. currency..., money... valuta s.f. (foreign) currency, foreign exchange ~ blocata - (valuta a caret schimbare intr-o altd valuta este interzisd) blocked currency ~ -cheie (valuta folositd ca termen de referintd pentru monedele satelite) key currency ~ comerciala (folositd in schimburile comerciale Internationale) trading currency ~ contractuala - (stipulatd in contract) contract currency ~ de cont - account currency ~ de referinta - {valuta forte infunctie de care se stabileste paritatea unei monede mai slabe) anchor currency ~ de rezerva - reserve currency ~ efectiva - effective currency ~ forte - hard currency ~ instabila - unstable currency ~ internationala - international currency, world money ~ liber convertibiSa - freely convertibie currency ~ inixta - (formatd din monede de dijerite metale yi bancnote) mixed 'inTcncy fiecoRv^irtlbija - soil ciirrency pentru di;"i,t'4;.?i ii'.^^r-HQr /^'li'fiivte s^ot '''lUTRnrv

VAM-VAN

363

vamal adj. customs...

vama s.f. 1. (institutie, administratie)

customs; (cladire, sediu) custom(s) house 2. {taxa) duty, toll; pi. customs vames s.m. customs officer, collector of customs; searcher vandabil adj. merchantable, sal(e)able, vendible, marketable, realizable a fi greu ~ - to be hard to sell, to go off slowly a fi usor ~ - to command a ready sale, to sell off readily, to be quick of sale vandabilitate s.f. sal(e)ability, vendibility, marketability varia v.t., v.i. to vary, to change variabil adj. variable, changeable; (instabil) unstable, unsteady; (fluctuant) fluctuating variatie s.f. variation; fluctuation ~ a cererii - demand variation ~ a preturilor - price variation/ fluctuation vamui v.t. to charge custom duties for; (mar.) to clear vamuire s.f. charging custom duties for; (mar.) clearing, clearance vamuit adj. duty-paid; ex bond varsa v.t. (bani intr-un cont) to pay in varsamant^.n. payment ~ la darea comenzii - payment order vanator s.m. hunter ~ de capete (agentie sau persoand specializatd in gdsirea fi recrutarea de manageri cu experientd sau personal cu inaltd calificare) headhunter ~ de posturi/functii - office hunter vandut adj. sold ~ in magazin/cu amanuntui - across-the-counter ~ in totalitate - sold-out vanzare s.f. Sdic, semis^

~ a bunurilor sub sechestru - distress sale/selling ~ a marfurilor neridicate la termen {din vama) rummage sale ~ agresiva/in forta - (insotitd de publicitate agresivd/zgomotoasd) hard selling ~ angro - wholesale sale ~ combinata - (plasarea produselor complementare unele Idngd altele in magazin) cross selling ~ conditionata - conditional sale; {de cumpdrarea altui produs) tie-in sale ~ conform descrierii - (fdcute mdrfii de vanzdtor) sale by description ~ contra numerar/cu plata in numerar - cash sale, sale for cash ~ cu amanuntul/in detaliu - retail/ across-the-counter sale ~ cu livrare la termen - sale for future delivery ~ de actiuni pe o piata in crestere {dacd cresterea atinge un anumit nivel) (bur.) averaging out ~ de albituri/panza de in - white sale ~ de articole ieftine prin introducerea lor intr-o linie de produse scumpe - trading up ~ de articole ieftine $i de calitate inferioara (pentru a asigura volumul de vdnzdri) trading down ~ de proba - sale on trial ~ de titluri de valoare (dintr-un portofoliu) si inlocuirea lor cu altele de clasa inferioara - trading down ~ din disponibil - spot sale ~ din fabrica - factory sale ~ directa/fara intermediari - direct sale/selling
-' fara acoperire - {de actiuni sa"

364

VAN-VAR

inca) (bur.) selling short, short sale, shorting ~ fara garantii (privind starea mdrfii) sale as seen ~ fictiva - fictitious sale; (pentru a crea impresia cd anumite actiuni sunt foarte cdutate) (bur.) wash sale ~ fortata/nedorita - (a actiunilor in scopul obtinerii de lichiditdti pentru plata unor datorii) (bur.) forced selling ~ fortata a unui produs greu vandabil - (impreund cu unul solicitat) third-line forcing ~ ieftina - (lichidare) clearance sale ~ inertiala - (metodd de marketing prin care unele produse sunt expediate prin postd potentialilor clienti fdrd ca acedia sd Ie fi comandat) inertia selling ~ in comision - sale by/on commission ~ in pierdere - sacrifice sale - In rate - instalment rate '- la inventar - stocktaking sale ~ la licitatie - auction sale, sale by auction ~ la sfarit de sezon - end-of-season sale ~ la sosire - (a mdrfurilor) sale on arrival ~ la termen - forward/time sale; (bur.} sale for the account/settlement ~ lenta - slow sale ~ neagresiva/prin reclama persuasiva - soft selling ~ ocazionala - occasional sale ~ particulara/prin buna intelegere private sale ~ pe baza de acord privat - sale by private treaty ~ pe baza de mostre - sale by/on sample

~ pe baza de oferta inchisa - sale by sealed tender ~ pe credit - credit sale, sale on credit ~ prin intermediar - indirect sale ~ publica - public sale; auction sale ~ rapida/u$oara - ready/quick sale ~ silita - (prin licitatie) compulsory sale; (prin hotdrdre judecdtoreascd) sale by order of the court ~ (silita) pentru neplata impozitelor tax sale ~ voluntara - voluntary sale vanzari masive - heavy sales ~ nete - net sales ~ prin telefon - telephone selling ~ speculative - speculative selling a pune in vanzare - to put on the market, to put up for sale; to expose/to offer for sale vanzatoare s.f. saleswoman, salesgirl, shopgirl, saleslady, shop assistant vanzator s.m. 1. seller; vendor 2. (in magazin) shop assistant, salesman, shopman, salesclerk 3. (in cuvinte compuse) monger ~ ambulant - pedlar, peddler, huckster; (pe stradd) street/pavement/ kerb trader ~ de ziare/reviste - newsagent ~ ferm - firm seller ~ in posesia marfii - seller in possession ~ marginal - (ale cdrui cheltuieli sunt egale cu venitui obtinut din vdnzdri) marginal seller ~ nenominalizat - (bur.) undisclosed seller varsta s.f. age ~ admisa - (in cazul unei polite de usigurare de viatd) (asig.) age admitted

VAR-VER

365

~ de pensionare - retiring/pensionable
age

vechime s.f. {in munca) length/years of service; (mare in munca) seniority ~ -limita/de inlocuire - (a unui utilaj) replacement age vehiculj'.. vehicle, conveyance ~ comercial/utilitar - commercial vehicle/car venit s.n. income; (al statului din taxe i impozite) revenue; pi. (incasdri, profit) receipts, proceeds ~ activ - (din salariii) active income ~ anticipat - expected income ~ anual - annual revenue, annual/ yearly income; (pbtinut din exploatarea unui teren) purchase ~ brut - gross income ~ de transfer (yenituri specifice formate prin procesul de redistribuire a venitului national - pensii, ajutoare de ^ornaj etc.) transfer income ~ din activitatea curenta - ordinary income ~ din comisioane - fee income ~ din diverse surse - miscellaneous income ~ din exploatare - operating income ~ din inchirieri - rental income ~ din salariu - earned income ~ discretionar - discretionary income ~ disponibil (yenitui personal dupd plata impozitelor) disposable/available income ~ financiar - (dividende, dobdnzi etc.) financial income ~ fiscal - tax/inland revenue ~ fix - fixed income ~ funciar - revenue from land ~ impozabil - taxable/assessable income

~ in natura - income in kind ~ marginal - (sporul de venit obtinut prin folosirea unei unitati suplimentare dintr-un factor de productie, respectiv a unei unitati din toti factorii de productie implicati, din toate resursele atrase ^ifolosite) marginal revenue ~ mediu - (yaloarea totald a vdnzdrilor impdrtitd la numdrul de unitati vdndute) average revenue ~ mic/redus - small income; pittance ~ national - national income ~ nemuncit - (rente, dobdnzi, dividende) investment/unearned income ~ nepermanent - transitory income ~ net - net income ~ nominal - (exprimat in preturi curente, in unitati monetare la puterea lor de cumpdrare curenta) nominal income ~ obisnuit/curent/fix - regular income ~ ocazional - perquisite ~ ordinar - (pbtinut din activitatea normald de exploatare) ordinary income ~ pasiv - passive income ~ permanent - permanent income ~ public - public revenue ~ real - real income ~ real tinand seama de inflatie income adjusted for inflation ~ suplimentar - supplementary income ~ supranumerar - supernumerary income ~ teoretic/imaginar - notional income verifica v.t. to verify; (a controla) to control, to check up; (a examina) to examine; (registre contabile) to audit

366

VER-VIN

~ greutatea monedelor - (la monetdrie) to pound verificare s.f. verification; (control) control, check, checking, checkup; (examinare) examination; (contabild, fmanciara) auditing ~ a respectarii legislatiei in vigoare compliance examination ~ a titlului de proprietate examination of title verificator s.m. controller, inspector; checker; (revizor contabil) auditor ~ de masuri si greutati - inspector of weights and measures veritabil adj. genuine, veritable, real; (nefalsificat) unadulterated, pure; (autentic) authentic verso s.n. verso, back, reverse via prep. via viager adj. life..., lifelong... vicepresedinte s.m. vice-president; (al unui comitet, al unui consilhi) vice-chairman, deputy chairman viciu s.n. vice ~ de forma - (dr.) flaw ~ inerent - (unei mdrfi) inherent vice vigoare s.f. (dr.) effect, force a fi in ~ - to run a intra in ~ - to come into effect/force, to become effective, to take effect a pune o lege in ~ - to give effect to a law vilegiaturist^.m. holidaymaker vms.n. wine ~ acru - tart/sourish wine ~ alb - white wine ~ de calitate - vintage ~ de masa - (ordinary) table/dinner wine ~ de Porto - port (wine) ~ de Rin - hock

~ duice - sweet wine ~ fiert - mulled wine ~ frantuzesc - claret ~ gol - neat/unadulterated/undiluted wine ~ nou - new wine ~ rosu - red wine ~ sec - dry wine ~ spaniol - sherry ~ spumos - sparkling wine ~ tare - strong wine ~ vechi - old wine vinde v.t. to sell; (dr.) to vend v.r. (a face vdnzare; a fi de vdnzare) to sell v.i. to sell ~ angro/cu ridicata - to wholesale, to sell (by) wholesale ~ contra numerar - to sell for cash ~ cu acoperire - to sell for delivery ~ cu amanuntul/in detaliu - to retail, to sell(by) retail ~ cu comision - to sell on commission ~ cu profit - to sell at a profit ~ cu reducere/rabat - to sell at a discount, to discount ~ de proba - to sell on trial ~ din disponibil - to sell for spot delivery ~ fara acoperire - to sell short ~ ieftin - to sell cheap ~ in pierdere - to sell at a loss/sacrifice, to sacrifice, to bargain
away

~ in magazin - to sell over the counter ~ in vrac - to sell in bulk ~ intregul stoc - to sell out ~ la greutate - to sell by weight ~ la licitatie - to sell at/by auction, to auction (off) ~ la solduri - to sell off, to clear off ~ la pret scazut - to sell at a low price

VIN-VIZ

367

~ la pretui sau cursul eel mai avantajos - to sell at best ~ la termen - to sell forward ~ liber - (un articol vdndut pe cartela} to deration ~ mai ieftin/sub pret - to undersell, to undercut ~ mai mult - (deceit se poate livra sau existd in stoc) to oversell ~ marfuri in expeditie - (mar.) to sell
afloat

~ pe baza de comision - to sell on commission ~ pe baza de mostre - to sell by/on sample ~ pe credit - to sell on credit ~ scump - to sell dear ~ sub pretui de cost - to sell below
cost

~ surplusul de titluri de stat - to overfund a se ~ bine/usor - to sell well/readily, to go off/through, to find a ready market a se ~ cu - to go for a se ~ mai bine sau mai scump (decdt altd mar/a) to outsell vinicol adj. vinicultural vinicultura s.f. viniculture vinificatie s.f. vinification, wine preparation/making/production viola v.t. (legea) to infringe, to break; (o proprietate, ofrontiera) to trespass vira v.t. (bani) to transfer virament s.n. transfer (of funds) ~ bancar - bank transfer vite s.f. pi. cattle ~ cornute - homed cattle ~ de carne - store cattle ~ de rasa - blood/breeding stock, pedigree cattle

~ de tractiune - draught cattle ~ mici/marunte - small cattle ~ vii - (categoric de marfa) live cattle viteza s.f. speed, velocity ~ comerciala/de exploatare - {mar.) commercial/schedule/operating/ operational speed ~ contractuala - contract speed ~ de rotatie - (rate of) turnover ~ de rotatie a activelor - asset turnover ~ de rotatie/circulatie a banilor velocity of circulation; (SUA) velocity of money ~ de rotatie/circulatie a banilor in economic - (din punctui de vedere al cheltuielilor) transaction velocity of money; (din punctui de vedere al veniturilor) income velocity of money ~ de rotatie a debitorilor - accounts receivable turnover ~ de rotatie a stocurilor - inventory turnover viticultor s.m. viniculturist, winegrower viticultura s.f. viticulture, winegrowing vitrina s.f. shop front, show. window, showcase, shopwindow, window case viza v.t. (apune o vizdpe} to visa viza s.f. visa ~ consulara - consular visa ~ de intrare - entry visa ~ de tranzit - transit visa ~ turistica - tourist visa vizita v.t. to visit, to pay a visit to; (in interes profesional, de afaceri) to pay/to make a call on; (o regiune pentru colectarea de comenzi sau strdngerea de voturi) to canvass

368

VIZ-VOT

vizita s.f. visit; (profesionald, afaceri) (official) call voiaj s.n. travel; trip, tour; (pe apd sail in aer) voyage; {in special pe uscat) journey; (pe mare) sail ~ contractual - contract voyage ~ de cabotaj - coastal/coasting/ coastwise/domestic voyage ~ de inapoiere - (a navel) homeward
voyage

~ de predare - (a navel la expirarea termenului de navlosire) delivery

voyage

~ de marfuri transportate pe mare maritime/seaborne traffic ~ de munca - volume of work ~ de vanzari ale articolelor de consum curent - repeat purchase sales volume ~ efectiv al pietei - actual market volume ~ total al productiei - total volume of production \ots.n. vote, suffrage; (votare) voting ~ consultativ - consultative/advisory
vote

~ dus-intors - round voyage/trip, out and home voyage

~ fluvial river voyage

~ cu majoritatea ceruta - (de doud treimi) qualified vote ~ cumulativ - (metodd de vot care
permits voturi multiple pentru un

~ in balast - (mar.) ballast voyage ~ in circuit - tour ~ in strainatate - (mar.) foreign/ outward voyage ~ oceanic - ocean voyage voiaj a v.i. to travel, to journey; to tour, to go touring; (pe mare) to voyage voiaj or s.m. traveller; (pe apd sail in
aer) voyager

~ comercial - commercial traveller; (SUA) salesman volum s.n. 1. (carte) volume 2. volume, capacity; (mdrime) size ~ al capitalului - size of the capital ~ al exporturilor - volume of exports ~ al importurilor - volume of imports ~ al schimburilor comerciale volume of trade - al transportului de pasageri passenger traffic ~ de afaceri - extent of business ~ de marfuri operat zilnic - daily turnover ~ de marfuri transportate - cargo performance, freight traffic

membni al consiliuliii de administratie) cumulative voting ~ de blam - vote of censure ~ de incredere - vote of confidence ~ decisiv (al presedintelni iinei adundri, cdnd numdriil votiirilor pro si contra este egal) casting vote ~ deschis - open vote ~ prin delegat/mandat - card vote ~ prin reprezentare - (la adunarea
actionarilor) proxy

~ prin ridicarea mainii - show of hands ~ reprezentativ - (la adundrile sindicale) block vote ~ secret - (vote by) ballot, secret ballot/voting, poll ~ universal - universal suffrage a avea ~ deliberativ - to be entitled to speak and vote a lua parte la ~ - to go to the poll(s),
to vote

a proceda la ~ - to take the vote

VOT-VRA

vota v.t. to vote; (a alege) to elect, to poll for; (im proiect de lege in parlamenf} to pass, to carry v.i. to give one's vote; (pentru) to vote (for); (impotriva) to vote (against); (in parlament) to come to a division ~ bugetui - to pass the budget ~ pentru parlament - to elect as member of parliament ~ prin ridicare de maini - to vote by (a) show of hands votants.m. voter vracs.n. bulk vrachier s.n. (navd pentru transportiil marfurilor in vrac) bulk cargo camer/ship/vessel, dry bulk carrier, bulk freighter/trader
369

~ combinat - (miner en-petrol sail carbune-minereu ^i minereu-marfa in vrac-petrol) combined/combination bulk carrier; (minereu-marfun solide in vracpetrol) ore-bulk-oil carrier, oil-bulk-ore carrier, OBO carrier ~ mixt - (lemne-marfuri in vrac) log-cum-bulk ~ pentru marfuri in vrac $i minereuri - bulk-cum-ore carrier ~- pentru marfuri uscate i lichide bulk-cum-oil can'ier ~ pentru minereuri $i produse petroliere - ore-oil carrier, 00 carrier ~ specializat - specialized bulk carrier ~ standard - standard bulk carrier ~ universal - general-purpose/ universal bulk carrier

warant s.n. (recipisd i titlu de proprietate asupra mdrfurilor, eliberat de antrepozitui in care acestea sunt depuse, servind ca titlu de valoare, transmisibil si negociabil, i pentru obtinerea de credite in conditii de gaj) warrant wattmetru s.n. wattmeter wattora s.f. watt-hour wattormetru s.m. watt-hour meter

x
xenodolari s.m. pi. (dolari pe piete xerox s. n. xerox strdine) xenodollars xeroxa v.t. to xerox

Y
yankei s.m. pi. {titluri de valoare pe piata americand; actiuni ale companiilor americane} Yankees

z
zacamants.n. deposit ~ aluvionar cu continut industrial de aur - pay gravel ~ de carbuni - coal deposit ~ de minereuri - ore/mineral deposit, ore bed ~ de petrol - petroleum deposit, oil field zero num., s.n. (in matematicd) zero; (la telefon) o; (in sport) nil; (la termometru) zero; (punct de inghet) freezing point zi s.f. \. day; (din cursul sdptdmdnii, fdrd sdmbdtd si dummied) weekday 2. (data) date ~ calendaristica - calendar day ~ cu program scurt - (cdnd magazinele sunt inchise dupd-amiaza) early closing day ~ de contango - (bur.) contango/ continuation day ~ de declarare a numelor (cumpdrdtorilor) (bur) name/ticket day ~ de declaratie - (ultima zi in care titularul unei optiuni poate decide dacd o pdstreazd sau mi) (bur.) declaration day ~ de depunere - (a declaratiei vamale) day of entry ~ de tnchidere a situatiilor financiare - (pentru un audit) cut-off date ~ de lichidare/reglementare - (bur.) account/settlement/settling day ~ de plata (a salariului) payday; (a mdrfurilor cumpdrate prin licitatie la bursa de mdrfuri) prompt day ~ de plata trimestriala - quarter/term day ~ de report - carry-over day ~ de sarbatoare - holiday, red-letter day ~ de scadenta - maturity date - de targ- market day - legala - (zi completd care dureazd pdnd la miezul noptii, moment pdnd cdnd un debitor are termen legal pentru a-si achita datoria scadenta) legal day ~ libera - day off, off day ~ lucratoare/de lucru - working/ business/black-letter day, workday, weekday ~ lucratoare cu ore suplimentare long day ~ lucratoare cu program esalonat/Ia ore diferite - (alcdtuit de firme pentru a evita aglomeratia pe mijioacele de transport) staggered working day ~ lucratoare cu vreme favorabila weather working day ~ lucratoare de 24 de ore - (in trei schimburi) working day of 24 hours ~ -munca - work-day unit ~ nelucratoare - nonbusiness/red-letter day; (pentru band) bank holiday zile consecutive - (inchisiv duminicile i sdrbdtorile legate) consecutive days ~ cumulative - cumulative days ~ curgatoare - (m contarea staliilor) {mar.) running days ~ de contrastalii - {mar.) demurrage/ overlay days ~ de gratie - (pentru plata unei datorii scadente) days of grace ~ {de lucru) pierdute - {din cauza iinui conflict de mimed) lost days

374

ZIL-ZON

~ de stationare in port - (a unei nave In exploatare) port days ~ de traversada - (de navigatie in largul oceanului) passage days ~ dupa prezentare - (formula pe o cambie) days after sight ~ economisite - (in operarea navel} dispatch days ~ libere - (prima si ultima zi mi intrd in contarea timpului de operare) (mar.) clear days a fi la zi - (cu plata datoriilor) to have no arrears; (cu evidenta contabila) to have one's books in perfect order ziar s.n. (news)paper, journal; (cotidian) daily (paper); (monitor oficial) gazette ~ de anunturi/reclame - advertiser ~ de dimineata - morning paper ~ de seara - evening paper ~ economic - trade paper/journal a da la ~ - to insert/to publish in a paper a da un anunt la ~ - to advertise in a newspaper ziarist s.m. journalist, newspaperman, pressman, newsman; (reporter) reporter; (corespondent) correspondent zilier s.m. day labourer/worker, journeyman ~ angajat la recoltat - harvest hand zonal adj. zonal, zone... zonare s.f. zonation zona s.f. zone, area, region zona dolarului - dollar area ~ francului francez - French franc area ~ lirei sterline - sterling area zona afectata de criza - (somaj, saracie etc.) depressed area ~ agricola - agricultural area ~ bancara libera - free banking area

~ comerciala/industriala - trading estate ~ costiera - coastal area/zone, offshore area/zone ~ de dezvoltare - development/ enterprise zone ~ de dezvoltare industrial^ industrial estate/park ~ de expropriere - expropriation zone ~ de investitii directe - (pe nn teren viran) greenfield site ~ de liber-schimb - free-trade area ~ de literal - littoral area/zone ~ de navigatie - navigation area ~ de operare - (incdrcare, descdrcare, transbordare a mdrfurilor) handling area ~ de pescuit - fishing area/ground/ place, fish ground, piscary ~ de proprietate comuna - (intr-un bloc de proprietari} common element ~ de tranzit - transit zone ~ deservita - {corn.) area of supply ~ economica exclusiva - (in largul coastei maritime apartindnd unei tdri) exclusive economic zone ~ inundabila - flood zone ~ libera (fdrd taxe vamale} free zone ~ libera de comert - free-trade zone ~ maritima - sea waters ~ maritima speciala/vamala - (in afara apelor teritoriale) customs (-enforcement) area/waters ~ portuara - port area ~ (petrolifera) productiva - pay area/zone, payable area/zone ~ suburbana - suburban area ~ vamala - customs area, tariff zone zone de bord liber - (in care navele de comert trebuie sa navigheze cu un anumii pescaj) freeboard zones - valutare - currency areas

abandon v.t. 1. a abandona (nova,ncrctura etc.) 2. (asig.) a ceda (o proprietate pierdere parial pentru a putea solicita o despgubire total) 3. a renuna la (o aciune judiciar) abandoned adj. abandonat ~ goods - mrfuri abandonate (far proprietar) ~ ship/vessel - nav abandonat abandonee s. (asig. mar.) agent de asigurare (cruia i se cedeaz un bun asigurat) abandonment s. abandon ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza abandonului - of action - renunare la o aciune judiciar abate v.t. 1. a reduce, a micsora (preuri, impozite etc.) 2. (dr.) a anula, a desfiina abattoir s. abater abbreviation s. abreviere abeyance s. (dr.) stare de suspendare; suspendare temporar; situaie neclar to be in ~ - a ft pendinte abeyant adj. (dr.) 1. vacant, far stpn (despre bunuri) 2. in suspensie, nerezolvat ability s. 1. capacitate, posibiliti, resurse 2. solvabilitate 3. (dr.) capacitate legal ~ to pay principle - principiul posibilitilor de plat (impozite proportionate cu veniturile) able adj. 1. capabil; competent, calificat 2. solvabil - (- bodied) seaman - marinar brevetat - in estate - avut, bogat ~ to pay - solvabil aboard adv. la/pe bord prep, la/pe bordul aboardship adv. (mar.) la bord, pe nav abode s. domiciliu, reedin above adv. deasupra prep, deasupra, peste adj. mai sus menionat/amintit, de mai sus ~ - mentioned - menionat/amintit mai sus ~ - named - sus-numit ~ par - (bur.) supra pan, peste paritate/valoarea nominal (despre aciuni) ~ the line - deasupra liniei (termen contabil care se refer la anumite articole din contul de profit i pierderi i care apar deasupra liniei profitului net n declaraia de profit i pierderi; pane a bugetului de marketing pe care compania o cheltuiete pentru a-siface publicitate in mass media) abrasion s. frecare, lefuire ~ of coin - frecare/lefuire a monedei

asigurat

caz

de

(ca urmare a circulaiei, rezultnd o diminuare a greutii) abroad adv. n strintate abrogate v.t. a abroga (o lege) absence s. absen; lips absentee s. 1. absent 2. absenteist

16 ABS-ACC ~ landlord - absenteist (proprietar funciar care nu locuiete pe terenul pe care l-a dat n arend) -ownership - proprietate a unui absenteist absenteeism s. absenteism -rate - rata absenteismului (numrul de abseni la suta de muncitori ntr-o anumit zi; procentajul zilelor de munc pierdute din totalul zilelor lucrtoare pe o anumit perioad) absolute adj. absolut, total; necondiionat - advantage - avantaj absolut (deinut de o ar sau o regiune m raport cu altele datorit resurselor naturals, forei de munc etc., fapt care deter-min scderea costurilor deproducie) ~ endorsement - andosare necondi-ionat - interest - (dr.) drept absolut - liability - (dr.) obligaie necondi-ionat - majority - majoritate absolut - monopoly - monopol absolut - ownership - proprietate absolut - risk aversion - (fin.) aversiune fa de riscul absolut (sum de bani la care un investitor poate renuna ca alternative la o investiie cu rise ridicaf) ~ title - (dr.) titlu absolut de proprietate - total loss - (asig.) pierdere total real ~ value - valoare absolut/intrinsec (a unei monede, a unui produs) absolve v.t. a elibera, a absolvi, a dispensa de (datorii, obligaii) absorption s. absorbie, preluare (a unei societi de o alta mai mare) abstinence s. abstinen ~ theory - teoria abstinenei abstract s. extras; rezumat, sumar v.t. 1. a rezuma, a extrage esenialul din 2. a sustrage, a fura ~ of account - extras de cont abundance s. 1. abunden, belug; surplus 2. bogie, prosperitate aburton adv. transversal pe nav (mod de stivuire) abuse s. 1. abuz, ntrebuinare excesiv 2. abuz, practic ilegal v.t. a abuza de - of administrative authority - abuz de putere - of confidence/trust - abuz de ncredere ~ of office - abuz de functie acceleration s. accelerare, urgentare ~ clause - clauz de urgentare (care prevede c, dac o datorie nu este achitat la timp, toate plile viitoare devin imediat scadente) ~ premium - prim pentru mrirea produciei (acordat muncitorilor) -principle - principiul accelerrii (conform cruia nivelul unei investiii variaz proportional cu rata produciei) accept v.t. a accepta (o cambie, o ofert etc.) acceptable adj. acceptabil - quality level - nivel acceptabil de calitate acceptance s. 1. acceptare 2. accept

(cambie acceptat/andosat banco.) ~ account - cont de accepte

de

ACC 17 - against documents - acceptare contra documente ~ bank/house - banc/oficiu de scont -certificate - certificat de recepie - credit - accept ~ delivery test - prob de recepie-predare - for honour - acceptare pentru onoare - in case of need - acceptare rt caz de necesitate ~ in blank - acceptare n alb ~ market - piaa acceptelor - sampling - eantionare la recepie, control statistic de calitate - specifications - norme de recepie ~ supra protest - acceptare sub protest - trial - prob de recepie (a unei nave noi); prob de accept (al unei cambii de ctre tras) accepted adj. acceptat ~ bill - accept, cambie acceptat acceptor s. acceptant ~ for honour - acceptant pentru onoare (al unei cambii) ~r supra protest - acceptant sub protest (al unei cambii) accession s. cretere, adaos, suplimentare; acumulare ~ rate - rata creterii (forei de munc, exprimat ca procent al numrului mediu de muncitori ntr-o perioad determinate de (imp) accident s. accident - frequency rate - rata frecvenei accidentelor (la un milion de ore-munc ntr-un an) - insurance - asigurare mpotriva accidentelor ~ prevention - norme de tehnica securitii muncii ~ - prone - predispus la accidente ~ - repeater - persoan care a avut multe accidente accidental adj. accidental - collision - (asig. mar.) coliziune accidental accommodate v.t. 1. a caza, a gazdui 2. a ajusta, a potrivi 3. a amenaja (o nav pentru o anumit clas de pasageri sau pentru transportul de mar/a) 4. a mprumuta (bani) accommodation s. 1. cazare; pi. amenajri (la bordul navei); loc (la hotel, pe o nav etc.); birou 2. ajustare, potrivire 3. mprumut ~ acceptance/bill/note - cambie de complezen - endorsement - andosare de complezen ~ train - (SUA) tren personal account s. 1. calcul, socoteal 2. cont 3. factur, not de plat 4. client 5.

siruatie, raport, dare de seam ~ balance - bilan ~ book - registru contabil ~ current - cont curent ~ day - (bur.) zi de lichidare ~ director - director de echip (unul dintre principalii manageri ai unei agenii de publicitate, care conduce echipa nsrcinat cu deservirea unui client) -holder - titular de cont - management - management al contului - manager - administrator de cont - of expenses - situaie a cheltuielilor

18 ACC-ACQ I ~ payee - n contul beneficiarului (formula pe un cec) ~ period - exerciiu financiar ~ reconcilement service - serviciu de reconciliere a conturilor (cu evidentele clientului unei band) ~ rendered - cont remis - sales - cont de vnzri ~ s department - contabilitate, serviciu contabil - s payable - (cont.) conturi de datorii; creditor ~ s receivable - (cont.) conturi de creane; debitor - s receivable financing - finanare prin conturile de creane ~ s receivable turnover - vitez de rotaie a debitorilor accountable adj. rspunztor, responsabil accountancy s. contabilitate accounting s. 1. eviden contabil 2. contabilitate ~ cost - pre de cost contabil ~ currency - unitate monetar de cont ~ department - contabilitate, serviciu contabil ~ equation - egalizare contabil ~ information processing cycle ciclu de prelucrare a informatiei contabile ~ machine - main contabil de calcul; main de facturat i contabilizat ~ period/year - exerciiu financiar ~ standards - standarde contabile ~ system - sistem contabil accretion 5. cretere, acumulare (mrirea valorii unui activ prin cretere natural) accrual s. (cont.) 1. cretere (continu), acumulare 2. pi. posturi tranzitorii ~ basis/concept - metoda posturilor tranzitorii accrue v.i. a creste, a se acumula accumulation s. acumulare ~ of capital - acumulare de capital accumulative adj. cumulativ ~ dividends - dividende cumulative (ale aciunilor preferential care nu au fast achitate la scaden) accurate adj. corect, exact -description - descriere corect/exact (a unuiprodus ntr-o reclam) achiever s. realizator (categoric de consumatori) acid adj. acid ~ test ratio - (fin.) rata testului acid (raportul active lichide - pasive curente folosit pentru determinarea solvabilitii uneifirme) acknowledgement s. 1. confirmare (de primire) 2. recunoatere, acceptare 3. (dr.) declaraie autentificat; cer-tificat ~ of debt - recunoatere a datoriei (confirmare m scris de ctre un debitor a sumeipe care o datoreaz) ~ of receipt - confirmare de primire acquaintance s. cunotin; relaii (de afaceri) acquisition s. achiziie ~ cost - cost de achiziie (al unei societi) ~ management - managementul achiziiei acquisitive adj. acaparator, strngtor; animat de dorina de ctig

ADJ- AD V

21

ACQ-ACT____________________ acquisitiveness s. dorin de acaparare, sete de ctig acquit v.t. a achita (o datorie, o persoan) acquittal v. acquittance acquittance s. 1. achitare, scoatere de sub acuzaie 2. achitare (de datorii); chitan de plat (integrate) acre s. acru (unitate de suprafa) acreage s. suprafa (calculat n acri) across prep, peste, deasupra ~ - the-board -general, pe toat linia ~ - the-board tariff reductions - reduced liniare de taxe vamale (redu-cerea cu aceleai procent a tuturor taxelor vamale ale rilor participante la o rund de negocieri comerciale) ~ - the-counter - oficial, legal; vndut n magazin/cu amnuntul ~ - the-counter sales - vnzri cu amnuntul act s. 1. act; aciune 2. act, document 3. lege ~ and deed - document juridic ~ in law - act legal ~ of God - for major; (mar.) cala-mitate natural (termen contractual de navlosire i conosament) ~ of grace amnistie; graiere - of Parliament - lege ~ of war - act de rzboi acting adj. interimar ~ manager - administrator delegat; director interimar ~ member - membru supleant ~ order - delegaie, mandat ~ partner - comanditat action s. 1. aciune 2. aciune judiciar, proces - at law - aciune judiciar ~ for damages - aciune judiciar pentru daune ~ in rem - (mar.) aciune real (pentru arestarea unei nave) active adj. activ ~ account - cont activ (de operaiuni) ~ assets - (fin.) active productive (care aduc dobnd) ~ balance - balan (comercial, de pli) activ - bond - obligaiune activ (CM dobndfix) ~ capital - capital activ (active pstrate sub forma de bani sou sub oricare alt forma care poate fi rapid transformat m numerar) ~ circulation - circulaie activ (bani aflai efectiv m circulate) ~ file - dosar activ/n folosin ~ income - venit activ/din salariu ~ law - lege m vigoare - market - (bur.) pia activ ~ money - bani activi (aflaft efectiv m circulatie) ~ partner - comanditat ~ population - populaie activ ~ shares - aciuni active (frecvent tranzacionate) ~ trust - (dr.) tutel activ actual adj. real; efectiv s. pi. actuals, contracte actuale (ca opus al contractelor futures') ~ cost - pre de cost efectiv ~ delivery - predare real/definitiv - loss - (asig.) pierdere real ~ possession - (dr.) posesie de fapt ~ price - (bur.) pre efectiv (de tranzacionare a actiunilor)

~ tare - tara efectiva (greutatea reald a ambalajului) ~ total loss - (asig.) pierdere totala reala actuarial adj. actuarial ~ calculation - calcul/evaluare actuarial(a) actuary s. actuar, expert Tn calcule statistice de asigurari adaptive adj. flexibil ~ expectations - perspective/asteptari flexibile (referitbr la valoarea viitoare a unei variabile, estimatd in functie de mai multi factori) add v.t. 1. a adauga 2. (in) a include; a pune la socoteala 3. (up) a totaliza v.i. 1. a aduna, a face o adunare 2. (to) a se adauga la, a contribui la added adj. adaugat - value - valoare adaugata (diferenta dintre cheltuielile efectuate de o companie pentru achizifionarea de materiale din exterior si ceea ce primeste ca urmare a vdnzdrii produselor sale finite) ~ value tax - taxa pe valoarea adaugata additional adj. aditional, suplimentar ~ duty - taxa vamala suplimentara ~ funds needed - fonduri suplimentare necesare (pe care o firmd trebuie sd Ie obtind din exterior prin imprumut sau vdnzare de actiuni) ~ insurance - asigurare suplimentara ~ postage - suprataxa postala/de francare ~ premium - prima suplimentara de asigurare ~ risk - (asig.) rise suplimentar ~ security - garantie suplimentara

address s. adresa v.t. a adresa ~ book - camet de adrese ~ commission - (mar.) comision de adresa (platit de navd in portui de descdrcare) ~ label - eticheta cu adresa addressee s. destinatar addresser s. expeditor adequate adj. adecvat, corespunzator ~ sample - mostra reprezentativa ~ security - garantie corespunzatoare adhesive adj. adeziv - label - eticheta colanta ~ stamp - timbru adeziv adjective adj. accesoriu, anex - law - (dr.) procedura adjourn v.t. a amana; a suspenda (o sedinfd) adjournment s. amanare; suspendare ~ sine die - amanare sine die adjudicate v.t. a judeca (un proces); a da (o sentintd) v.i. fupon) a da o sentinta cu privire la, a se pronun^a asupra adjudication s. judecare (a unui proces); sentinta, hotarare judecatoreasca ~ order - declarare m stare de faliment adjust v.t. 1. a aranja, a sistematiza 2. a ajusta, a adapta 3. a corecta, a rectifica 4. (asig.) a determina, a evalua (daunele) adjustable adj. ajustabil, variabil ~ currency - moneda elastica ~ rate mortgage - ipoteca cu dobanda variabila adjuster s. (asig.) specialist compensator; (asig. mar.) dispasor adjustments. 1. aranjare, sistematizare

2. ajustare, adaptare 3. rectificare (a

ADJ-ADV

21

unui cont) 4. (asig.) determinare, evaluare (a daunelor) 5. (asig. mar.) dispasa, regulament de avarie comuna ~ account - (cont.) cont de control/ rectificare ~ bond - (SUA) obligatiune de reorganizare (rezultata din reorganizarea unuiconcern) ~ mechanism - mecanism de echilibrare (a balanfei comerciale) ~ of average - (asig. mar.) mtocmire a dispasei (de avarie comuna) administration s. 1. administrare, conducere; gestionare; gerare 2. administratie; guvern ~ costs/expenses - cheltuieli administrative/de regie - of estates - (dr.) administrare a averii (apartindnd unei persoane decedate) ~ order - (dr.) ordin de administrare (a unei societati insolvabile, ca alternativa la lichidarea ei) administrative adj. administrativ ~ control - control administrativ ~ data processing - informatica de gestiune ~ expenses/overheads - cheltuieli administrative/de regie ~ tribunal - tribunal administrativ administrator s. 1. administrator 2. (dr.) executor testamentar; tutore; administrator admiralty s. amiralitate ~ court - tribunal maritim -jurisdiction - jurisdictie maritima ~ law - drept maritim ~ mile - mila marina engleza admission s. 1. intrare, acces 2. acceptare, admitere

- fee - taxa de intrare - to quotation - acceptare pentru cotare (a acfiunilor unei societati la bursd) adoption 5. acceptare - curve - curba acceptarii (unui produs nou pe piatd) adulterate v.t. a falsifica, a contraface adj. falsificat, contrafacut adulteration s. falsificare, contrafacere - of coinage - falsificare/depreciere a monedei advance v.t. 1. a avansa (pe cineva) 2. a creste, a majora (preturi) 3. a avansa (bani) 4. a promova (interese) v.i. 1. a avansa (in functie) 2. a creste, a se majora (despre preturi) s. 1. avansare (in functie) 2. crestere, majorare (de prefuri) 3. avans; imprumut 4. acont, arvuna adj. (platit) in avans - against goods - avans in contul marfurilor - freight - navlu platit anticipat - money - acont, arvuna - on bottomry - avans de imprumut maritim adventure s. 1. intreprindere/afacere riscanta 2. (asig. mar.) rise adverse adj. advers, nefavorabil - balance of trade - balanta comerciala pasiva/deficitara - budget - buget deficitar - possession - (dr.) uzucapiune advertise v.t. a anunta (in ziar, la radio etc.) v.i. a face reclama/publicitate; a da un anunt advertisement s. reclama; anunt (in ziar etc.) ~ hoarding - panou publicitar

22 ADV-AGE ~ rates - tarife de publicare a anunturilor/reclamelor advertiser s. 1. persoan care public un anun/o reclam 2. ziar/revist de anunuri/reclame advertising s. publicitate - agency - agenie de publicitate ~ agent - agent de publicitate - appropriation - alocare de fonduri pentru publicitate - budget - buget pentru publicitate ~ campaign/drive * campanie de publicitate ~ character - figur simboliznd marca de fabric sau produsul ~ directory - anuar de publicitate ~ manager - ef al departamentului de publicitate - media - mijloace publicitare ~ research - cercetri n domeniul publicitii ~ standards - standarde publicitare (ansamblu de norme etice i legale) advertorial s. advertorial (articol de fond, editorial special conceput pentru a face publicitate unuiprodus) advice s. aviz ~ note - (com., fin.) not/scrisoare de avizare ~ of credit - confirmare a creditului ~ of delivery - aviz de primire (la pot) ~ of dispatch - (com.) aviz de expediie ~ of shipment - (mar.) aviz de expediie adviser s. consilier; consultant advisory adj. consultativ ~ committee - comitet consultativ ~ service - serviciu consultativ advocate s. avocat (pledant) affair s. afacere, problem; pi. afaceri affidavit s. (dr.) afidavit, depoziie, sub jurmnt affiliate s. asociat, afiliat; filial v.t. a afilia, a primi ca membru; a recunoaste ca filial v.L a se asocia, a se afilia affix v.t. a pune, a aplica (tampila, semntura, timbrul) afforest v.t. a mpduri affreight v.t. (mar.) a navlosi, a afreta affreighter s. (mar.) navlosi tor affreightment s. (mar.) navlosire, afretare afloat adv. 1. pe mare (referitor la mrfurile n expediie) 2. fr datorii (despre o afacere) aforesaid adj. sus-numit after prep, dup ~ date - de la data

~ - hours dealings - tranzacii neoficiale/dup nchiderea bursei - - hours price - pre neoficial/dup nchiderea bursei ~ - sales service - service, serviciu postvnzare/de ntreinere - sight - dup prezentare ~ - tax profit - profit impozitat against prep, contra, mpotriva ~ all risks - (asig. mar.) contra tuturor riscurilor age s. vrst - admitted - (asig.) vrst admis (n cazul unei polite de asigurare de via) ~ allowance/relief - reduced fiscale pentru vrst ~ discrimination - discriminare de vrst (la angajare) ~ limit - limit de vrst (pentru pensionare)

AGE-AGR 23 ~ profile - structur a varstei (angajailor dintr-o firm, un sector industrial etc.) agency s. agenie; reprezentan; reprezentare ~ contract - contract de reprezenta ~ costs - costuri de reprezentare/ mandat (costuri asociate cu monitorizarea aciunilor administraiei pentru a verifica dac aces tea respecta angajamentele contractuale dintre conducere, acionari i creditori) ~ fee - comision de repre/entare ~ problem - problem de reprezentare/mandat (un potential conflict de interese ntre acionarii unei firme i conducerea acesteia sau ntre obligatari i acionan) agenda s. agenda, ordine de zi agent s. 1. agent; reprez.entant 2. agent, factor ~ bank - banc-agent (desemnat de un consoriu bancar s administreze un mprumut sindicalizat) ~ s of production - factori de producie aggregate adj. global, total analysis - macroeconomie ~ demand - cerere global ~ output - producie global/total ~ planning - planificare global ~ rebate - (com.) rabat global (acordat de furnizor detailistului m anumite condiii) ~ supply - ofert global aggressive adj. agresiv; energic, activ ~ asset - (bur.) activ agresiv (activ cu un coeficient beta mai mare dect eel al pieei) ~ portfolio - portofoliu agresiv (aciuni pstrate n sperana creterii valorii lor pentru specularea ulterioar) ~ sales policy - politic agresiv de vnzri agio s. (fin.) agio agiotage s. (fin.) agiotaj agrarian adj. agrar s. adept al reformelor agrare - reform - reform agrar agree v.i. 1. a fi de acord, a consimti, a conveni 2. a corespunde, a se potrivi agreed adj. convenit, stabilit - and liquidated damages - (asig. mar.) avarii acceptate i evaluate - price - pre convenit/stabilit - terms - condiii convenite/stabilite, termeni contractuali agreement s. acord, convenie, nelegere - to sell - convenie de vnzare la

termen agricultural adj. agricol ~ area - zon agricol - bank - banc agricol - biology - agrobiologie - chemistry - agrochimie - cooperative - cooperativ agricol - credit - credit agricol ~ economics - agronomie - engineer - inginer agronom - engineering - agrotehnic - exhibition - expoziie agricol - machinery - utilaj agricol - unit of account - imitate agricol de cont agriculture s. 1. agricultur 2. agronomie agroindustry s. agroindustrie

24 AGR-ALL agronomist s. agronom agronomy s. agronomic aid s. ajutor, sprijin, suport ~ loan - mprumut de asisten ~ s to trade - ajutor/sprijin pentru comert (serviciile bancare, de publicitate, asigurri, transporturi) air s. aer - cargo - ncrctur transportat cu avionul ~ carrier - avion de transport ~ consignment note/waybill - fraht aerian ~ - cushion vehicle - nav pe pern de aer ~ mail - pot aerian airborne adj. transportabil pe calea aerului airbus s. airbus, avion de transport de pasageri (de man ditnensiuni) aircraft s. aeronav; avion; avioane airline s. 1. linie aerian 2. pi. companie de transporturi aeriene airliner s. avion de linie airport s. aeroport airways s. pi. companie de transporturi aeriene airworthy adj. capabil de zbor aleatory adj. aleatoriu ~ contract - (asig.) contract aleatoriu alien adj. strain ~ duty - (mar.) supratax de pavilion alienable adj. alienabil - property - bun alienabil alienate v.t. (dr.) a aliena, a mstraina alimony s. pensie alimentar, ntreinere all adj., adv. tot ~ - in - cuprinznd toate (cheltuielile, riscurile etc.), general ~ - purpose bank - banc universal ~ rights reserved - toate drepturile rezervate ~ risks - (asig.) toate riscurile ~ - risks insurance - asigurare pentru toate riscurile ~ risks whatsoever - (asig. mar.) toate riscurile, oricare ar fi acestea ~ - round - global, general ~ time saved both ends - (mar.) tot timpul economisit n ambele porturi (de operare) alliance s. alian allocate v.t. a aloca, a repartiza allocation s. 1. alocare, repartizare 2. alocaie ~ of resources - alocare a resurselor ~ of responsibilities - (man.) repartizare a responsabilitilor allonge s. alonj (la cambie) allot v.t. a aloca, a atribui, a repartiza allotment s. 1. alocare, atribuire, repartizare 2. parcel, lot de pmnt (dat n arend uneifamilii) ~ letter - aviz de atribuire a actiunilor ~ money - vrsmnt la atribuirea actiunilor ~ note - (mar.) delegaie pentru ncasarea salariului ~ of shares - atribuire a actiunilor allottee s. persoan creia i se aloca/atribuie aciuni etc. allow v.t. 1. a ngdui, a permite 2. a da, a acorda (bani, timp) allowable adj. admisibil, permis; legal allowance s. 1. reducere; (com.) bonificaie, rabat 2. alocaie, ajutor (bnesc) 3. indemnizaie 4. toleran (admis la greutatea monedelor) v.t. a raionaliza (alimente)

ALM-AMU 25 almshouse s. azil pentru sraci alongside (mar.) adv. (acostat) cu bordul la chei; bord la bord prep, de-a lungul (bordului) ~ date - zi/data de acostare la dan ~ delivery - predare sotto palanco ~ ship - de-a lungul bordului navei (referitor la predarea sau primirea mrfli) to be ~ - a fi acostat alpha 5. alfa - coefficient/factor - (bur.) coeficient/ factor alfa (evaluarea ratei de rehabilitate a aciunilor unei societi fr raportarea la indicele pieei bursiere) ~ shares - aciuni alfa (foarte sigure i rentabile) alternate adj. alternativ v.t., v.i. a alterna - demand - cerere alterna-tiv/combinat (cerere de produse ori factori deproducie interanjabili) ~ director nlocuitor (al unui membru dintr-un consiliu de administrate) alternative s. alternativ adj. alternativ ~ offer - ofert alternativ ~ payee - beneficiar alternativ (al unei cambii, al unui cec) ~ (use) cost - cost al unei decizii n detrimentul alteia always adj. ntotdeauna, permanent ~ afloat - permanent n stare de plutire (condiie de navlosire) ~ afloat or safely aground - permanent in stare de plutire sau euat fr pericol ~ safely afloat - permanent m stare de plutire sigur amalgamate v.t. a unifica (dou societi) v.i. a fuziona amalgamation s. unificare, fuzionare amass v.t. a acumula, a aduna amend v.t. La mbunti, a ameliora; a corecta, a rectifica 2. a amenda (o lege) amendment s. 1. mbuntire, ameliorare; corectare, rectificare 2. amendament amenities s. pi. nlesniri, avantaje (acordate angajailor n afara salariului) American adj. american ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza american ~ depository receipt - certificat american de depozit (certificat emis de o banc american n contul unor titluri de valoare strine) ~ option - (bur.) opiune american (care poate fi exercitat oricnd nainte de sfritul exerciiului) ~ ton - ton american/scurt amidships adj. la mijlocul (navei) amortization 5. (cont., fin.) amortizare; amortisment ~ schedule - program de amortizare amortize v.t. 1. (cont., fin.) a amortiza 2. a transmite, a transfera (o proprietate

inalienabil) amount s. 1. sum, total 2. cantitate; cuantum; volum; valoare v.i. (to) a ajunge la, a se ridica la ~ brought/carried forward - (cont.) report, sum reportat ampersand s. semnul & amusement 5. distracie ~ industry - industria distraciilor/spectacolelor

26 AMU-APP - shares - aciuni ale societilor din industria distraciilor/spectacolelor analysis s. analiz, studiu analyst s. analist, specialist n analize anchor s. ancor v.i. a ancora ~ and chain clause - (asig. mar.) clauza ancorei i a lantului ~ currency - valuta de referin (valuta forte n funcie de care se stabilete paritatea unei monede mat slabe) anchorage s. 1. ancorare, ancoraj 2. taxe de ancoraj 3. loc de ancoraj ~ charges/dues - taxe de ancoraj ancillaries s.pl. ajutor, sprijin, suport - to trade - ajutor/sprijin pentru comer and conj. i - company - i compania ~ reduced - i cu capital redus (cuvinte care apar dup numele unei companii care, prin reorganizare, i-a redus capitalul) animal s. animal ~ testing - testare pe animale (a produselor casnice sau a medicamentelor) animatic s. animatic (fragmentele in micare dintr-un clip publicitar televizat) annex s. anex v.t. a anexa, a alarura announcement s. anun, anunare ~ effect efectul anunrii (gradul m care consumatorul realizeaz c pltete un impozit care este Indus m preul de vnzare al unuiprodus) annual adj. anual ~ accounts - (cont.) conturi anuale/finale ~ general meeting - adunarea general anual (a actionarilor) ~ income - venit anual ~ leave - concediu de odihn ~ percentage rate - rat procentual anual (a dobanzii) ~ premium - (asig.) prim anual ~ report - raport anual (trimis de o societate actionarilor ei) ~ return - situaie anual (a unei societi, cerut de registrul comerului) ~ value - (fin.) valoare anual (a unui activ, luat ca baza, de calcul a impozitelor) annuitant s. (asig.) beneficiar al unei anuiti annuity s. anuitate ~ bond - obligaiune perpetu/far termen/scaden ~ certain - (asig.) anuitate la termen

(serviciile

bancare,

de publicitate, asigurri, transporturi)

- insurance - asigurare cu anuitate antedate s. antedat v.t. a antedata anticipation s. 1. anticipare 2. plat anticipat; avans 3. (dr.) exercitare anticipat (dreptul unei persoane, care trebuie s primeasc un venit la o data viitoare, de a-i exercita acest drept n avans) anticipatory adj. anticipat ~ damage - (asig.) avarie probabil/anticipat antidumping s. antidumping anti-inflationary adj. antiinflaionist ~ measures - msuri antiinflaioniste ~ trends - tendine antiinflaioniste antitrust adj. antitrust ~ legislation - legislate antitrust apparent adj. vizibil, evident ~ damage - (mar.) avarie vizibil

APP-ARB 27 appeal s. apel, recurs v.t. a aduce (un proces) n faa unei instane superioare v.i. a face apel, a declara recurs ~ court - curte de apel to allow an ~ - a admite un apel to dismiss an ~ - a respinge un apel to hear an ~ - a judeca un apel appellant s. (dr.) apel ant appellate adj. de apel ~ court - curte de apel ~ jurisdiction - jurisdicie de apel append v.t. 1. a anexa, a atasa (un document) 2. a pune, a aplica (o semntur) appendix 5. apendice, supliment, anex applicant s. solicitant (pentru o licen, un post etc.) application 5. cerere, solicitare - for quotation (bur.) cerere de cotare - for shares - subscriere la aciuni - form - formular de subscriere - money - vrsmnt la subscrierea aciunilor applied adj. aplicat, practic ~ economics - economie aplicat apply v.t. a folosi, a afecta v.i. 1 (for) a cere, a solicita; a se adresa pentru 2.ftoj a se adresa, a apela la appoint v.i. 1. a numi, a desemna (ntr-o functie) 2. a fixa, a stabili (un termen) 3. a dota, a echipa appointed adj. 1. numit, desemnat 2. fixat, stabilit 3. dotat, echipat ~ agent - reprezentant autorizat appointee s. persoan numit (ntr-o funcie) appointment s. 1. numire, desemnare 2. functie; post 3. ntrevedere, ntlnire 4. pi. amenajri, dotri; mobilier apportion v.t. a distribui, a repartiza (proportional) apportionment s. distribute, repartizare (proporional) ~ of valuation - (asig. mar.) repartizare a valorii de asigurare appraisal s. evaluare, apreciere appraise v.t. a evalua, a aprecia appraisement v. appraisal appraiser s. evaluator, expert de evaluare; taxator appreciation s. (bur., cont., fin.) apreciere, cretere (a valorii unui activ) ~ surplus - excedent valeric (cnd valoarea de pia a activelor unei societi este mat mare dect valoarea contabil) apprentice s. ucenic v.t. a da la ucenicie

apprenticeship 5. ucenicie appropriation s. 1. apropriere, nsuire 2. alocare, repartizare (defonduri) ~ account - (cont.) cont de alocare/ repartizare (a profitului net) ~ bill - proiect de lege fmanciara (pentru alocaii bugetare) ~ in-aid -^subvenie, subsidiu approval s. aprobare, confirmare appurtenances s.pl. accesorii; furnituri arable adj. arabil s. teren arabil ~ land - teren arabil arbitrage s. arbitraj (valutar, de burs, de schirnb etc.) ~ of exchange - arbitraj de schimb -syndicate-sindicat arbitrajist arbitrage(u)r s. specialist n operaii de arbitraj arbitration s. arbitraj (m conflicte de rnunca etc.) ~ agreement - acord de arbitraj

28 ARE-ASS ~ award - decizie de arbitraj ~ clause - clauz de arbitraj ~ court - curte de arbitraj ~ of exchange - arbitraj de schimb arbitrator s. arbitru are s. ar area s. arie, suprafa; regiune, zon ~ manager - ef/responsabil de zon ~ of supply - (com.) zon deservit arrear 5. 1. datorie, restan; arierat 2. restan, rmnere n urm ~ s of wages - restane salariale ~ s of work - lucrri restante arrearage s. arierat arrest s. arestare, reinere, sechestrare v.t. a aresta, a retine, a sechestra ~ of ship - sechestru asigurtor asupra navei arrival s. sosire ~ condition - stare (a marfurilor) la sosire ~ notice - avizare a sosirii (marfurilor) ~ platform - peron de sosire - s and departures - (c.f.) sosiri i plecri - s and sailings - (mar.) sosiri i plecri arson s. (asig., dr.) incendiere premeditat article 5. 1. articol (de ziar) 2. articol, paragraf, punct; pi. contract 3. articol (comercial), produs ~ s and conditions - caiet de sarcini ~ s of agreement - contract de angajare (pe o nav comercial) ~ s of apprenticeship - contract de ucenicie ~ s of association - statut (al unei societi) > ~ s of partnership - contract de asociere artificial adj. artificial ~ harbour - port artificial ~ intelligence - inteligen artificial ~ person - persoan juridic artisan s. artizan, meteugar as adv. la fel, tot att de prep, ca -at-fconr.jladata ~ customary - (com.) conform uzului ~ from - cu ncepere de la data ~ loan - cu titlu de mprumut ~ per advice - conform avizului (formula pe o cambie) ~ per contra - (cont.) n contrapartid ~ seen - (com.) dup cum se vede (far nici unfel de garanie pentru mrfurile vndute) ashipboard adv. la bord, pe nav ashore adv. la mal/rm; pe uscat

ask s. (SUA) pre cerut v.t. a cere ~ price - pre cerut (pre la care un dealer va vinde aciunile pe care le define) assay (fin.) s. analiza/stabilire a titrului v.t. a stabili titrul (unui metalpreios) ~ mark - marc de titru - master - expert (guvernamental) care declar un titru ~ office - laborator pentru analize de titru assayer s. chimist-analist (care determine titrul) assemble v.t. 1. a convoca, a ntruni 2. a asambla, a monta assembly s. 1. adunare, ntrunire 2. asamblare, montare 3. agregat, grup ~ line - line de asamblare/montaj ~ production - producie n flux/pe band

ASS 29 ~ room - sal de ntruniri ~ shop - atelier de montaj assess v.t. 1. a estima, a aprecia; a evalua (o proprietate pentru stabilirea impozitelor, a asigurarilor) 2. a fixa suma (impozitelor, despgubirilor etc.) 3. aimpune, a tax a assessable adj. 1. estimabil, evaluabil 2. impozabil ~ damage - avarie evaluabil ~- income - venit impozabil assessment s. 1. estimare, apreciere; evaluare 2. impunere, taxare assessor s. 1. agent fiscal, evaluator (care jixeaza impozitele) 2. (asig.) expert de evaluare (a daunelor) 3. (dr.) asesor asset s. 1. lucru util; calitate, nsuire 2. (cont., dr., fin.) activ ~ and liability statement - (SUA) bilan ~ - backed loan - credit garantat cu active ~ backing/value per share - valoare a activelor pe aciune (yaloarea contabil totl a activelor unei societi mprit la numrul de aciuni comune emise) ~ cover - (fin.) acoperire prin active (indice care arat de cte ori activul net al unei societi poate acoperi datoria pe care aceasta a contractat-o) ~ management - (fin.) managementul activelor (gestionarea activelor unei instituii financiare) ~ stripping - lichidare a activelor (achiziionarea ieftin a unei societi fie pentru revnzarea activelor i nchiderea firmei, fie pentru lichidarea activelor nerentabile i realizarea de noi investiii nfirm) ~ structure - (fin.) structura activelor - turnover - (fin.) randamentul activelor (raportul dintre vnzrile unei societi i activele ei) - s and drawbacks - avantaje i dezavantaje ~ s and liabilities - activ i pasiv ~ s side - (cont.) coloana activelor - s value - (cont.) valoarea activelor assign s. mputernicit, mandatar; cesionar v.t. 1. a aloca, a repartiza 2. a fixa, a stabili (o data, o sarcin) 3. a numi n (funcie) 4. (dr.) a ceda, a cesiona assignable adj. cesionabil ~ debt - crean cesionabil assignee s. (dr.) cesionar ~ in bankruptcy - judector sindic pentru administrarea bunurilor falitului assignment 5. 1. alocare, repartizare 2. fixare, stabilire (a unei date, a unei sarcini) 3. numire (n funcie) 4. (dr.) cesionare; cesiune ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauz de cesiune ~ of copyright - cedare a drepturilor de autor ~ of debts - cesiune de crean assignor s. (dr.) cedent assistance s. asisten, ajutor (economic, tehnic etc.) assistant s. asistent; adjunct adj. subordonat; adjunct ~ accountant - contabil adjunct ~ manager - director adjunct associate s. asocial, partener v.i. a se asocia association s. asociaie, societate

30 ASS-AUC assort v.t. a asorta, a aproviziona (un magazin) cu mrftiri variate assortment s. (com.) asortiment assurance s. asigurare (maritima sau de via) asymmetric adj. asimetric ~ information - informaie asimetric (cu distribute inegal ntre participanii la o'tranzactie) at prep, la ~ and from - (asig. mar.) la i de la ~ arm's length - la distan/respect (despre o tranzacie care nu se realizeaz ntre dou pri nrudite, cum arfi o companie ifiliala sd) ~ best - (bur.) la eel mai bun pre ~ call - la cerere (despre o sum depus n banc) ~ no charge - gratuit ~ or better - (bur.) la preul specificat sau la un pre mai bun ~ par - (bur.) la paritate/valoarea nominal ~ risk - (asig.) cu rise ~ sea - (asig. mar.) pe mare, n timpul navigaiei ~ ship's rail - (mar.) la balustrada navei (formula dintr-un conosament care arat c responsabilitatea armatorului fa de caric nceteaz cnd ncrctura poate fl descrcat)) ~ sight - la vedere (despre o cambie) ~ (the) market - la preul pieei athwartships adv. transversal pe nav ~ stowage - stivuire transversal (pe limea magaziei) atomistic adj. atomist ~ competition - concuren atomistV perfect ~ test - testare fracionat (a elementelor individuale care intr m componena unei reclame sau a unui ambalaj) attache s. ataat (diplomatic) -case - serviet-diplomat attachment s. (dr.) arestare; sechestru attendance s. 1. prezen; frecven 2. asisten, public 3. ngrijire; servicii ~ book - condic de prezen ~ time - timp petrecut la locul de munc attest v.t. a atesta; a autentifica, a legaliza attitude s. atitudine, comportament ~ survey - analiz comportamental (iniiat de conducerea unei ntreprinderi pentru a afla cauza relaiilor necorespunztoare dintre patronat i

salariai) attorney s. 1. avocat 2. mputernicit, mandatar ~ - at-large - avocat cu drept de acces la toate instanele - - at-law - avocat Attorney General - procurer general; (SUA) ministru de justiie - - in-fact - mputernicit - special - avocat cu acces la o anumit instan attractive adj. atractiv (depre un pre, o ofert etc.) attributable adj. atnbuibil - profit - (man.) profit atnbuibil (profit care poate fi atribuit unui sector sau unui departament dintr-o organizafie) auction s. licitaie v.t. (i ~ off) a vinde la licitaie ~ room - sal de licitaie

AUC-AVA 31 ~ sale - vnzare la licitaie auctioneer s. licitator audience s. audien ~ research - studiu de audien (a emisiunilor de radio i televiziune) audit s. audit, revizie contabil v.t. a verifica, a revizui (registre contabile) v.i, a face o revizie contabil ~ committee - comisie de audit (organism al consiliului de administratie) auditor s. cenzor, revizor contabil ~ s'report - raport al cenzorilor austerity s. austeritate ~ budget - buget de austeritate ~ poKcy - politic de austeritate autarchy s. autarhie autarky v. autarchy authority 5. 1. autoritate; drept; competen 2. pi. autoriti, reprezentani ai puterii de stat ~ to sign - drept de semntur authorization s. autorizare, autorizaie ~ in writing - autorizaie scris authorize v.t. a autoriza authorized adj. autorizat - agent - reprezentant autorizat ~ capital/issue/stock - capital autorizat/nominal ~ depository - depozitar autorizat ~ signature - semntur autorizat autofinancing s. autofmantare autograph s. autograf, semntur original ~ signature - specimen de semntur automatic adj. automat - data processing - prelucrare automata a datelor ~ machine - automat ~ stabilizers - stabilizatori automai (n teoria economic) ~ standard - (fin.) etalon automat - teller machine - easier automat (la banco), bancomat automation s. automatizare automobile s. automobil adj. auto; de automobil ~ insurance - asigurare auto automotive adj. auto; de automobil ~ engineering - construed e de automobile ~ industry - industria de automobile - shares - aciuni ale societilor din industria de automobile ~ transport - transport auto ~ truck - autocamion autonomous adj. autonom ~ investment - irivestiie autonom (cheltuieli de investiie care nu sunt induse de modificari ale nivelului

produciei, ci sunt realizate pentru dezvoltarea infrastructure) availability s. 1. disponibilitate 2. valabilitate available adj. 1. disponibil 2. valabil ~ assets - active lichide, disponibiliti average s. 1. (valoare) medie 2. (asig. mar.) avarie adj. mediu, mijlociu v.t.. a calcula media, a evalua n medie ~ adjuster/stater/taker - (asig. mar.) dispaor, expert de evaluare a avariei, lichidator de avarie ~ adjustment/statement - (asig. mar.) dispa de avarie comun, repartizare/ reglementare a avariei ~ agent - comisar de avarie ~ agreement - compromis de avarie ~ as customary - despgubire a pagubelor de avarie ca de obicei"

32 AVA-AX ~ bond - contribuie la avaria comun; compromis de avarie comun ~ certificate - certificat de avarie - clause - clauza avariei ~ collection period - (fin.) perioad medie de colectare (valoarea medie a conturilor de creane exprimat m zile) ~ cost - cost mediu (pe unitatea de producie) ~ - cost pricing - determinate a preurilor de vnzare pe baza costurilor medii ~ (due) date - scaden medie ~ loss - pierdere in avaria comun ~ output - producie medie ~ price - pre mediu - propensity to consume - nclinaie -medie de a consuma ~ propensity to save - nclinaie medie de a economisi - quality - calitate medie ~ revenue - venit mediu (valoarea total a vnzrilor mprit la numrul de uniti vndute) ~ sample - prob medie ~ tare - tar medie ~ tax rate - rata medie a impozitului ~ value - valoare medie averaging s. (bur.) mediere (tranzacionare treptat/gradual prin cumprarea sau vnzarea de loturi de aciuni din acelai packet la date i preuri diferite) ~ down - cumprare de aciuni pe o pia n scdere -in - cumprare de aciuni pe o pia n scdere (dac scderea atinge un anumit nivel) ~ out - vnzare de aciuni pe o pia n cretere (dac creterea atinge un anumit nivel) ~ up - cumprare de aciuni pe o pia n cretere aviation s. aviaie ~ broker - agent de transporturi i asigurri aeriene ~ insurance - asigurare aviatic ~ shares - aciuni ale societilor din industria aviatic aviso s. (mar.) avizo avoid v.t. a anula, a rezilia (un contract) avoidable adj. evitabil, care poate fi nlturat - costs - costuri variabile avoidance s. anulare, reziliere ~ clause - clauz rezolutorie avoirdupois s. avoirdupois (sistem englez de uniti de msur pentru masa) award s. 1. premiu 2. sentin judectoreasc; decizie arbitral (a unui

tribunal de arbitraj) v.t. la acorda (un premiu) 2. a da (o sentin); a hotr (o penalitate, o plat); a arbitra awareness s. contientizare, cunoatere (a calitilor unui produs de ctre consumatori) ax(e) s. reducere drastic (a cheltuielilor); restricii bugetare severe v.t. a reduce drastic (cheltuieli, bugete)

B baby 5. copil ~ bonds - obligaiuni cu valaare nominal redus (maxim 100 de dolari) ~boomers - baby boomers (generatia de consumatori nscui n perioada urmtoare celui de-al doilea rzboi mondial) back s. verso adj. restant v.t. 1. a susine, a sprijini (financiar) 2. a andosa (un efect de comer) ~ charges - speze restante ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de napoiere ~ letter - (mar.) scrisoare de garanie ~ load - ncrctur de napoiere ~ orders - comenzi vechi/restante ~ pay - restan (de salariu) ~ - to-back loan - mprumut reciproc (aranjament financiar prin care dou companii se mprumut reciproc m vederea operaiilor de export-import) backdate v.t. a postdata backed adj. 1. susinut, sprijinit (financiar) 2. andosat ~ bill - cambie andosat - note - (mar.) bon de livrare backer s. 1. susintor; bancher, financiar 2. andosator, andosant (al unui efect de comer) backhaul s. transport retur (cu con trancrctur) backing s. 1. sprijin, ajutor 2. (fin.) acoperire - of currency - acoperire a monedei backlog,?. restan - of debts - datorii acumulate ~ of orders - portofoliu de comenzi neonorate backward adj. 1. invers 2. napoiat; ntrziat ~ integration - integrare vertical (integrarea produciei cu sursele de aprovizionare i cu pieele de desfacere) ~ letter - (mar.) scrisoare de garanie backwardation s. (bur.) deport backwardization v. backwardation bad adj. ru, prost ~ claim - reclamaie/pretenie nefondat ~ coin - moned falsa - debt - datorie neperformanta ~ debtor - debitor ru platnic ~ debts account - (cont.) cont de creane nerecuperabile ~ delivery - (bur.) transmitere/predare necorespunztoare (a actiunilor) ~ paper - efecte de comert necorespunztoare (care nu potfi onorate) ~ payer - ru platnic ~ stowage-- stivuire incorect/ne-

corespunztoare bag s. sac; pung v.t. a nscui cargo - caric/ncrctur n saci baggage s. bagaj ~ check - recipis de bagaj e ~ declaration - declaraie de bagaje (la vam) ~ policy - poli de asigurare a bagaj elor

34 BAG-BAN ~ room - casa de bagaje ~ sufferance - (mar.) permis vamal de bagaje bail 5. 1. cautiune; garantie 2. garant v.t. (i -out) 1. a elibera pe cautiune 2. a depune (mar/a) in garantie to go/to become ~ for - a chezasui, a garanta pentru bailable adj. care poate fi eliberat pe caufiune bailee 5. depozitar (de marfuri) pe baza de contract bailiff s. portarel bailment s. 1. eliberare pe cautiune 2. depunere (de marfuri) pe baza de contract; act de depozit in garantie bailor s. deponent (de marfuri) pe baza de contract balance 5. 1. balanta, cantar 2. (cont.) sold v.t. 1. a balansa (un cont) 2. a echilibra (un buget) ~ book - registru de solduri ~ brought forward - sold reportat ~ due - sold debitor ~ in/on hand - sold creditor ~ of accounts - balanta de conturi ~ of concessions - balanta concesiilor - of payments - balanta de plati ~ of trade - balanta comerciala ~ sheet - (cont.) bilant balanced adj. echilibrat ~ budget - buget balansat/echilibrat ~ fund - fond mutual echilibrat (care investete proportional in actiuni comune, actiuni preferential i obligafiuni) ~ growth - crestere echilibrata ~ (issue) load - caric/incarcatura complet(a) . ~ sample - selectie ponderata bale s. bal, balot v.t. a ambala/a Tmpacheta in baluri ~ capacity/cubic - capacitate in baluri (a novel) ~ cargo - caric/incarcatura in baluri - goods - marfuri in baluri ballast (mar.) s. balast v.t. a balasta (o nava), a incarca cu balast ~ declaration - declaratie de plecare in balast (la vama) ~ draft/draught - pescaj in balast ~ passage/voyage - calatorie/voiaj in balast ballastage s. (mar.) 1. balastare, imbarcare de balast 2. taxa de balastare balloon s. balon ~ payment - plata majora (raid substantial^ facuta in contul unui

imprumuf) ban s. interzicere, interdic|ie v.t. a interzice; a prohibi bank s. banca v.t. a depune la banca v.i. 1. a avea cont la banca 2. a fi bancher; a mdeplini atributiile unei banci ~ acceptance/bill - accept/cambie bancar(a) ~ account - cont bancar ~ annuities - titluri de renta consolidata ~ balance - sold in banca ~ book - carnet/livret de banca - charges/commission - comision bancar ~ clearing - cliring bancar - clerk - easier (de banca) ~ credit - credit bancar ~ deposit - depozit bancar ~ discount - scont comercial ~ draft trata bancara 1

BAN-BAR

35

~ examination - control al gestiunii bancii ~ guarantee - garantie bancara ~ holiday - (SUA) mchidere temporara a bancilor (prin decizie guvemamentald pentru a evita retrageri mari de fonduri de cdtre populatia in panicd) ~ holidays - sarbatori legale ~ insolvency - insolvabilitate bancara ~ interest - dobanda bancara ~ lending policy - politica de creditare a bancii ~ liquidity - lichiditate bancara ~ loan - tmprumut bancar ~ note - bancnota ~ of commerce - banca comerciala ~ of deposit - banca de depuneri ~ of issue - banca de emisiune ~ overdraft - depasire a contului din banca, credit prin cont descoperit ~ rate - taxa de scont ~ reserves - rezerve bancare ~ run - cerere de retragere a depunerilor din banca (de cdtre clienfi intrafi in panicd) ~ statement - extras de cont ~ sweep arrangements - instruc^iuni de virare din cont curent in cont de depozit (sau invers) bankable adj. care poate fi acceptat de o banca ~ asset - activ acceptat (drept garanfie de o banca) banker s. 1. bancher 2. director de banca ~'s acceptance/bill - accept/cambie bancar(a) ~s' bank - banca centrala

~'s cheque/draft - trata bancara ~'s clearing house - oficiu de cliring bancar ~s' deposits - depozite ale bancilor comerciale (la banca centrala) ~'s discount - scont comercial ~'s enquiry/reference - referin^a a bancii ~'s order - ordin de plata la intervale regulate (din cont) banking s. \. activitate bancara 2. afaceri bancare; servicii bancare -account - cont bancar ~ law - drept bancar; lege bancara; legislate bancara - structure - structura bancara (distribufia bancilor care opereazd pe o anumitd piatd in functie de numdr, amplasare 51 dimensiune) - support - interventie bancara (pentru sustinerea cursului) ~ syndicate - sindicat bancar -system- sistem bancar bankrupt s. falit; debitor insolvabil adj. falit, insolvabil v.t. a duce la faliment, a falimenta ~'s certificate - (dr.) concordat to go ~ - a da faliment bankruptcy s. faliment, bancruta ~ level - nivel al datoriei pentru care se poate declara falimentui ~ petition - (dr.) cerere de declarare In stare de faliment bar s. 1. bara 2. lingou ~ code - cod de bare (pe un produs) bare adj. 1. gol, nud (despre o nova fora echipaj) 2. neasigurat, fara asigurare ~ boat - nava nuda (navlositd ford
echipaj)

36

BAR-BAS

~ - boat/- hull/- pole charter navlosire a navei nude; contract de navlosire a navei nude ~ trust - (dr.) imputemicire pasiva
(prin care mandatarul nu are nici o sarcind activa)

bargain s. 1. afacere, tranzactie, targ 2. invoiala, targuiala 3. cumparare avantajoasa, chilipir v.t. 1. a negocia, a se targui pentru 2. (away) a vinde tn pierdere v.i. a mcheia un targ, a cadea la invoiala; a face o afacere - and sale - contract de vanzare-cumparare ~ basement/counter - raion de solduri ~ hunter - persoana in cautare de solduri/ocazii ~ maker - intermediar, misit ~ prices - preturi de sold ~ sale - lichidare a stocului, soldare to be a ~ - a fi o ocazie/un chilipir to hunt for ~s - a fi in cautare de ocazii/chilipiruri to drive a hard a se tocmi mult bargaining s. negociere ~ power - drept de negociere (a unui
contract)

barge s. slep, baria, mahona, salanda ~ derrick - slep cu biga; ponton cu biga de marfa ~ port - port cu alimbare ~ tank - slep-tanc petrolier bargee s. slepar, membru al echipajului unui slep bargeman v. bargee barometer s. barometru ~ stock - (bur.) actiuni - barometru barrator s. persoana vinovata de baraterie

barratry s. (asig. mar.) baraterie (acte sdvdrsite de comandant sau echipaj, care dduneazd navei sau caricului acesteia) barrel s. 1. butoi, butoias 2. baril (unitate de capacitate) ~ cargo - caric/incarcatura in butoaie barrier s. bariera, restrictie ~ to entry - bariera de intrare (a unei firmepe opiatd) ~ to exit - bariera de iesire (a unei firme de pe o piatd, dacd se are in vedere necesitatea recuperdrii costu-rilor de intrare) ~ to trade - bariera comerciala barrister s. avocat (in instantele superioare) barter s. (corn.) barter ~ agreement/arrangement - acord de barter - transaction - tranzactie de barter/in contrapartida base adj. obisnuit, nepretios (despre metale); fals (despre monede) basic adj. banking fundamental, de baza ~ servicii bancare principale/de baza ~ books - (cont.) evidente primare ~ earning power ratio - rata puterii de castig (indicd puterea activelor unei societdfi de a genera venit din exploatare) ~ industry - industria grea ~ needs subzisten^a ~ wage - salariu tarifar/de baza basis s. 1. baza, punct de plecare 2. diferenta dintre pre^ul de exercitm dintr-un contract la termen si pre^ul spot (la bursa de mdrfuri) ~ of taxation - baza de impunere

BAS-BEN

37

~ point - punct de baza (o sutime

dintr-un punct procentual)

~ price/rate - pret/tarif de baza basket 5. cos ~ of currencies - (fin.) cos valutar

(grup de volute selectate pentru evaluarea altei valute) hatch s. partida, lot, serie (de mar/a)

~ production - productie in serie mica/discontinua baza(a)r s. 1. bazar (oriental) 2. magazin universal 3. bazar de binefacere bear (bur.) s. speculant a la baisse
(care mizeazd pe scdderea cursului)

~ shares - acfiuni la purtator bearish adj. de scadere, cu tendinta de scadere (desprepiafa bursierd) before prep. inainte de ~ - tax profit - profit neimpozitat beforehand adv., adj. anticipat beggar s. cersetor v.t. a saraci, a pauperiza ~ - my-neighbour policy - politica ,,cersetorul, vecinul tau" (acfiuni prin
care o fard incearcd sd reducd somajul si sd creased venitui intern prin retrictii la import, devalorizare competitivd etc.)

belonger s. apar^inator (tip de

consumator)

adj. in scadere v.t. a cauta sa provoace o scadere (a cursului) - account/position - acoperire insuficienta ~ campaign/raid/tack - campanie/ speculate a la baisse ~ market - pia^a in scadere ~ pool - cartel al speculantilor a la
baisse

below prep. sub ~ par - (bur.) sub pari, sub paritate/valoarea nominala (despre
acfiuni)

~ the line - sub linie (termen contabil

care se referd la acele articole ale contului de profit si pierderi ce se inscriu sub cifra profitului net; parte a bugetului de marketing pe care compania o cheltuieste pentru toate activitdfile promotionale, cu excepfia publicitdfii in mass media)

- run - presiune a speculantilor a la baisse ~ squeeze - constrangere a vanza-torilor descoperiti (care vand la termen fara acoperire, obligati sd cumpere in pierdere pentru a face fata anga-jamentelor contractate) ~ transaction - tranzactie a la baisse bearer s. purtator ~ bond - obligatiune la purtator ~ cheque cec la purtator ~ paper - efect de comert la purtator ~ scrip - certificat provizoriu (de acfiuni, obligafiuni) la purtator ~ securities - titluri de valoare la purtator

beneficial adj. profitabil, avantajos ~ interest -(dr.) uzufruct ~ owner - (dr.) uzufructuar beneficiary s. beneficiar benefit s. 1. beneficiu, castig, folos 2. indemnizatie; ajutor, alocatie v.t. a folosi, a aduce beneficii v./. a beneficia, a trage foloase/profit ~ association/club/society - societate de ajutor reciproc ~ -cost ratio - (fin.) raport beneficiu-cost, indice de profitabilitate

38

BEN-BIL

~ in kind - beneficiu in natura (obfinut de un angajat in afara salariului) bequeath v.t. a testa, a lasa prin testament bequest s. 1. testament 2. mostenire berth s. 1. dana 2. cuseta v.i. a acosta la dana ~ cargo - caric de linie ~ charge - taxa de dana ~ charter - contract de transport cu condi^ii de linie ~ clause - clauza danei/,,la rand" ~ freights/rates - cota navlurilor de linie ~ owner - proprietar de nava de linie ~ terms - conditii (contractuale) de linie ~ trade/traffic - transport de linie neregulat berthage s. 1. front de dane; spatiu de receptionare a marfurilor 2. taxa de stationare la dana bespoke adj. pe comanda (despre
haine)

best adj., adv. eel mai bun s. maxim ~ buy - eel mai avantajos/competitiv articol ~ effort - (fin.) efbrtui eel mai avantajos (pentru un investitor bancar care nu-fi asumd nici o responsabilitate in cazul in care o emisiune de actiuni nu se vinde integral) ~ price - (bur.) pretui eel mai bun/ avantajos (de vdnzare sau cumpdrare a unor actiuni) ~ seller - carte de mare succes; articol foarte cautat bet s. pariu v.t., v.i. a paria beta s. beta

- coefficient/factor - (bur.) coeficient/ factor beta (coeficient care aratd mdsura in care rata de rehabilitate a actiunilor unei societdti variazd in funcfie de rata de rehabilitate a indicelui piefei bursiere) better adj. mai bun; superior ~ offer supraoferta betterment s. imbunata^ire, amelio-rare; dezvoltare ~ levy - taxa pe imbunatatiri (publice aduse unei proprietdfi particulare) bid s. oferta, licitare; pret oferit (la licitafie) v.t. 1. a da, a oferi (un pre{ la licitafie) 2. (over) a supralicita 3. fup) a ridica (pretui) prin supralicitare v.i. a licita, a participa la licitatie ~ -asked spread - plaja de licitatie (diferenfa dintre preful de licitatie i preful cerut) -costs - costuri ale ofertei de pre^ - price - pre^ oferit (pref pe care un dealer il va plati pentru o actiune) bidder s. ofertant, licitant -s'ring - coalitie a hcitan^ilor bidding s. oferta, licitare; pret oferit (la
licitafie)

~ ring - coalite a licitan^ilor bilateral adj. bilateral ~ contract - contract bilateraV sinalagmatic ~ monopoly - monopol bilateral ~ trade agreements - acorduri comerciale bilaterale bilateralism s. (corn.) bilateralism bill s. 1. proiect de lege 2. lista; inventar; declarable; certificat 3. factura; nota de plata 4. cambie 5. (dr.) cerere, petitie; reclamafie, plangere 6. (SUA) bancnota 7. afis, anun^ v.t. 1. a

BIL-BLA

39

inregistra, a trece pe o lista 2. a anunta (printr-un afi) 3. a factura ~ book - registru de cambii ~ - broker - agent de scont ~ market - piata de scont ~ of adventure - (mar.) contract de transport al marfurilor pe raspunderea proprietarului ~ of costs - nota de cheltuieli de judecata - of credit - scrisoare de credit, acreditiv ~ of delivery - bon de livrare, factura - of entry - declaratie vamala la sosire - of exchange - cambie ~ of exchange in a set - set de cambii ~ of fare - meniu, lista de mancaruri ~ of goods - nomenclator de marfuri ~ of health - patenta/certificat de
sanatate

~ of lading - conosament ~ of materials - lista de materiale - of parcels - factura, act de insotire ~ of quantities - deviz estimativ ~ of sale - contract de vanzare ~ of sight/view - declaratie vamala provizorie ~ of store - autorizatie de reimport cu scutire de taxe vamale (a marfurilor care au fost exportate din Marea Britanie cu mai putin de cinci ani
mainte de data reimportului)

~ s for discount - cambii pentru scontare ~ s payable - cambii de platit ~ s receivable - cambii de Tncasat billboard s. avizier, panou de afise billing s. 1. facturare 2. aflsare, anuntare ~ clerk - facturier ~ machine - masina de facturat bimetallism s. (fin.) bimetalism bin s. lada, cutie (pentru unele alimente, produse) ~ card - fisa de identificare (a continutului fi a cantitdtii unei Idzi) bind v.t. 1. a obliga, a lega (prin contract, angajamente Ie gale) 2. (out) a da la ucenicie 3. (over) a obliga, a determina, a constrange binder s. contract de asigurare pro-vizoriu biodegradable adj. biodegradabil biotechnology s. biotehnologie black 5. adj. negru v.t. a boicota (a ordona tuturor membrilor unui sindicat sd boicoteze produsele unei intreprinderi ai caret muncitori sunt in grevd) ~ - coated workers - functionari ~ economy - economie subterana ~ market piata neagra ~ marketeer - speculant pe piata neagra ~ money - bani murdari ~ payment - piata neagra (cdtre un lucrdtor angajat fdrd contract de muncd) blackleg s. spargator de greva blackmail s. santaj, extorcare v.t. a santaja, a extorca

~ of sufferance - (mar.) permis de cabotaj cu scutire de taxe vamale

(pentru provizii)

~ poster - lipitor de afise ~ rate - taxa de scont ~ s for collection - cambii pentru Tncasare

40

BLA-BOG

blank adj. necompletat, in alb s. 1. spa^iu gol/necompletat 2. fbrmular, blancheta ~ acceptance/bill - cambie In alb ~ bill of lading - conosament la purtator ~ cheque - cec Tn alb ~ credit - acreditiv Tn alb (cu suma
nespecificata)

blockade s. blocada v.t. a supune unei blocade blue adj. albastru ~ chips - actiuni alfa (foarte sigure i rentabile) ~ - collar workers - gulere albastre
(muncitori manuali/industriali) ~ - sky laws - (SUA) legislatia care reglementeazd vdnzarea valorilor mobiliare

~ endorsement - andosare Tn alb ~ signature - semnatura Tn alb ~ transfer - transfer (de actiuni) Tn alb (numele cesionarului ramd'ndnd necompletat in acte) blanket adj. general; global ~ insurance - asigurare globala (care acoperd un grup de riscuri multiple sau asigurd o proprietate in locuri
diferite)

~ mortgage - ipoteca globala (care inlocuie^te un numdr de ipoteci existente); ipoteca generala/totala ~ order - comanda generala/nespecificata ~ price - pref; general/unic blister s. blister ~ pack - ambalaj transparent bloc s. bloc (economic); grupare
(politico)

block s. 1. bloc; (SUA) cvartal 2. (bur.) pachet de actiuni v.t. a bloca (un cont) ~ insurance - asigurare Tn bloc (a mdrfurilor expediate in loturi mid cu diferite mijioace de transport) ~ offer - oferta Tn bloc ~ trading - tranzactie Tn bloc (de pachete man de acfiuni) ~ vote - vot reprezentativ (la adundrile
sindicale)

blurb s. prezentare - reclama (a unei cdrfi fdcutd pe coperta acesteia) board s. 1. scandura, dulap 2. bord (al unei nave etc.) 3. consiliu, comisie; departament; minister 4. mancare, masa 5. panou; avizier v.t. 1. a urea la bord 2. a tine Tn pensiune ~ and lodging - masa si casa, pensiune ~ chairman - presedinte al consiliului de administratie - foot - picior-cherestea ~ measure masura de cherestea (care folosesjte ca unitate piciorul-cherestea) ~ meeting sedinta a consiliului de administratie ~ of directors - consiliu de administratie - room - sala de consiliu body s. -organ, organizatie ~ copy - text de baza (textui principal al unui material publicitar) ~ corporate - persoanajuridica ~ language - limbaj corporal (modalitate de comunicare nonverbald caracterizatd de mi^cdrile trupului) bogus adj. fals; fictiv ~ cheque - cec fals ~ company - societate fictiva ~ signature - semnatura de complezenta

BOG-BOO

41

~ transaction - tranzac^ie necinstita bolshevism s. bolsevism bonanza s. 1. mina de aur 2. succes in

afaceri

bond s. 1. (fin.) obligatiune; pi. obligatiuni la purtator 2. garanfie; angajament formal de plata 3. (asig.) contract de garantie v.t. 1. a garanta (un imprumut) prin obligatiuni 2. a depozita (marfuri) in antrepozite vamale ~ certificate - certificat (provizoriu) de obligatiuni ~ creditor - creditor garantat prin obligatiuni ~ dues - taxe de depozitare Tn antrepozite vamale ~ financing - finan^are prin emitere de obligatiuni ~ issue - emisiune de obligatiuni, Tmprumut obligatar ~ loan - tmprumut obligatar ~ market - pia^a titlurilor de stat ~ note - permis de scoatere (a mdrfurilor) din vama ~ rating - clasificare a obligatiunilor (close atribuite obligafiunilor pe baza probabilitdfii de intrare in incetare de plata a societdfilor emitente) ~ syndicate - sindicat de subscriere a unei emisiuni de obligatiuni bonded adj. 1. garantat prin obligatiuni 2. in vama, depozitat in antrepozit vamal ~ carman - camionagiu autorizat sa transporte marfuri depozitate in antrepozite vamale ~ factory/manufacturing warehouse - fabrica autorizata sa depoziteze marfuri impozabile (prelucrate indus

trial, taxele vamale fiind achitate cand produsele pdrdsesc intreprinderea) ~ goods - marfuri in vama ~ stores - provizii nevamuite (ale unei nave) ~ terms - cu livrare din antrepozit vamal ~ value - valoare a marfurilor nevamuite ~ vaults - pivnita vamala ~ warehouse antrepozit vamal bondholder s. detinator de obligatiuni bondsman s. (dr.) garant bondwashing 5'. spalare a obligatiunilor (vanzarea obligatiunilor guvema-mentale cu pufin timp inainte de scadenfd pentru a evita plata impo-zitelor) bonus s. prima, bonus ~ dividend dividend suplimentar ~ for special risk spor de periclitate ~ issue/shares - actiuni gratuite (distribute acfionarilor existenti proportional cu actiunile detinute) ~ scheme - sistem de prime book s. 1. carte, volum 2. registru (contabil) adj. 1. de carte 2. care rezulta din registrul contabil, contabil v.t. 1. a inregistra, a trece Tntr-un registru 2. a retine (locuri, bilete) 3. (in) a ponta (un salariat) la venire 4. (off, out) a ponta (un salariat) la plecare ~ cost - pret de cost contabil ~ debt - creanta contabila ~ entry - inregistrare contabila ~ entry system - (cont.) sistem de evident a intrarilor ~ profit - profit contabil ~ s of account - registre/evidente contabile

42

~ s of first/original/prime entry jumal; jumal order ~ s of receipts and expenditures registru de venituri si cheltuieli -- trade - industria earth ~ value - valoare contabila ~ value weights - (cont.) structura valorii de inventar (pondered componentelor capitalului in valoarea lui totald conform costului sdu istoric)

to keep the ~ s - a tine contabilitatea booking s. I. Tnregistrare, trecere in registru 2. retinere, rezervare (de
locuri, bilete) ~ clerk - easier (la casa de bilete)

~ hall - sala de vanzare de bilete ~ note - {mar.} aviz de angajament/ navlosire ~ office - casa de bilete bookkeeper s. contabil bookkeeping s. contabilitate booklet s. brosura bookmaker s. bookmaker, agent de pariuri bookseller s. librar bookshop s. librarie bookstall s. stand de carfi; chiosc de ziare bookstand v. bookstall boom s. 1. avant (economic), prosperitate, boom 2. perioada de succes (al unui produs) 3. crestere rapida, explozie (a preturilor) v.i. 1. a progresa, a prospera 2. a creste rapid (despre preturi) boomlet s. 1. scurta perioada de avant economic; conjuctura economica favorabila 2. crestere temporara (a preturilor)

boost s. crestere, marire (a preturilor) v.t. 1. a creste, a mari (preturi) 2. a promova, a sus^ine intens (un produs, o marcd etc.) booth s. taraba; chiosc border s. frontiera, grani^a ~ station - gara de frontiera ~ tax adjustments - ajustari ale taxelor pe produsele de export borrow v.t. a Tmprumuta, a lua cu Tmprumut borrower s. persoana care ia cu imprumut, imprumutat; debitor boss s. sef, boss; patron bottleneck s. gatuire a productiei, timp mort tn fluxul tehnologic, gol de productie ~ inflation - inflatie cauzata de golul de productie (scdderea ofertei) bottom s. 1. fund, baza 2. (mar.) fund de nava, carena; nava adj. minim, eel mat scazut ~ price - pre^ul/cursul eel mai scazut bottomry s. Tmprumut maritim (cu
ipotecarea navei)

~ bond - contract de Tmprumut maritim ~ lien - drept de reten^ie a navei (de cdtre creditor) bound adj. 1. (dr.) obligat, constrans 2. (mar.) (for) cu destinatia, Tn drum spre bounty s. prima, subventie (de
incurajare a exporturilor)

boutique s. butic
boycott s. boicot v.t. a boicota

bracket s. clasa, categorie, grupa (de

salarizare, impozitare)

~ creep - alunecare spre o categoric superioara de impozitare (cauzata de

inflafie)

BRA-BRI

43

brainstorming s. brainstorming branch s. 1. ramura, bransa; domeniu, sfera de activitate 2. filiala, sucursala v.i. (out) a se extinde (despre o afacere) ~ banking - activitate bancara prin intennediul sucursalelor ~ manager - director de filiala/ sucursala ~ network - retea de sucursale brand s. marca ~ acceptance - acceptare a march (de
cdtre consumatori)

(down) a imparti, a diviza; a defaica; a clasifica; a analiza 6. (off) a tntrerupe (relatii); a incaica, a rupe (un contract) 7. (up) a ridica (o sedintd) v.i. 1. a da faliment 2. feven) a atinge pragul de rentabilitate ~ - even analysis - (cont. ) analiza pragului de rentabilitate (metodd de a
stabili ce nivel al vdnzdrilor este necesar pentru ca un produs nou sd depdseascd pragul de rentabilitate, adicd veniturile sd fie mai mari deceit costurile)

~ development index - indice de dezvoltare a marcii (care aratd mdsura in care un produs pdtrunde pe diferite
zone ale uneipiete)

~ image - imagine a marcii ~ loyalty - loialitate/fidelitate fata de marca ~ management - management al marcii ~ name - denumire a marcii - valuation - evaluare a marcii (procesul prin care unei mdrci i se ataseazd o valoare in foaia de bilant a companiei) ~ values - valori ale marcii branding s. branding, creare a marcii breach s. incalcare, nerespectare ~ of confidence/security - nerespectare a secretului - of contract - incalcare a contractului ~ of trust - abuz de Tncredere ~ of warranty - incalcare a unei clauze contractuale break v.t. 1. a rupe 2. a falimenta, a ruina 3. a schimba (bani in unitdti subdivizionare) 4. a lansa (o companie, un produs) cu multa publicitate 5.

~ - even chart - grafic al pragului de rentabilitate ~ - even point - punct critic al rentabilitatii breakable adj. fragil, casabil breakage s. 1. spargere, deteriorare 2. compensatie sau reducere (pentru mdrfurile deteriorate in tranzit) 3. spatiu mort/nefolosit (pe navd) breakdown s. 1. avarie, defectiune 2. tmpartire, divizare; defalcare; clasificare3. analiza ~ clause - clauza ineficientei (navei) ~ of prices - analiza a preturilor ~ service - depanare brew V.L a fabrica bere brewer s. fabricant de bere brewery s. fabrica de bere bribe s. mita v.t. a mitui, a corupe bribery s. mituire, luare sau dare de mita bridge s. pod, punte - loan - imprumut-punte/de legatura, finantare interimara {imprumut pe tennen scurt pentru asigurarea unei finantdri temporare pdnd cdnd se obtine un imprumut permanent)

44

BRI-BUL

brief adj. scurt, concis s. 1. rezumat 2. (dr.) dosar (aZ MHM' proces); prezentare a dovezilor (pentru a fi studiate de aprare) v.t. 1. rezuma, a expune pe scurt 2. a ncredina fMn caz unni
avocat)

mante cu intenia de a-i crete artifical valoarea)

~ chart - grafic cu baloane (n care

societile sau produsele sunt reprezentate prin cercnri/baloane proporionale ca mrime cu puterea competitiv exprimat prin volumul vnzrilor, active sau cota de pia)

brisk aJ/. activ, viu ~ market - pia activ broken adj. 1. rupt, spart 2. nclcat, nerespectat 3. incomplet 4. falit, minat ~ amount/lot - (bur.) pachet incomplet de aciuni ~ lots. - articole desperecheate/ dezasortate ~ stowage - (mar.) spaiu nefolosit/ mort (la stivuire); material de umplutur ~ time - program/timp (de lucru) cu ntreruperi broker s. broker, 'curtier; agent (de burs, asigurri etc.); intermediar ~'s lien - drept de retenie (a poliei de asigurare) de ctre agentul de asigurare ~ 's loan - credit acordat brokerului
(garantat prin titluri de valoare)

~ company - societate-fantom budget s. buget v.t. a aloca, a repartiza (din buget) v.i. a prevedea n buget ~ account - cont de buget (cont bancar din care se achit regulat plile curente); (com.) sistem de vnzri cu plata n rate ~ line - linie bugetar (grup de
produse pe care un consumator le poate cumpra n funcie de venitul propriu)

~'s order - (mar.) ordin al agentului de ncrcare ~'s return - (mar.) borderou al agentului de ncrcare brokerage s. brokeraj, curtaj brown adj. maro ~ goods - produse maro (bunuri de consum de folosin ndelungat care
se fabricau iniial n carcase de culoare maro - radiouri, televizoare etc.)

bubble s. 1. bul 2. (bur.) agitare a pieei (prin cumprarea masiv de aciuni ale unei societfi neperfor-

to pass the ~ - a aproba/a vota bugetul budgetary adj. bugetar ~ control - control bugetar ~ deficit - deficit bugetar - policy - politic bugetar budgeting s. ntocmire a bugetului buffer s. tampon ~ stock - stoc-tampon building s. construcie ~ contractor - antreprenor, constmctor ~ loan - credit (ipotecar) acordat pentru cumprarea sau construcia de locuine - society/and loan association - banc de economii i societate de construcii, societate ipotecar bulk s. grmad, vrac; marf m vrac ~ analysis - analiz global ~ cargo/freight - caric/ncrctur n
vrac

BUL-BUS

45

~ carrier/trader - vrachier, nav de mrfuri n vrac ~ container - container pentru marfa n vrac ~ dry cargo - caric/ncrctur uscat() n vrac ~ goods - mrfuri n vrac ~ - grain carrier - cerealier ~ - handling cargo dock - chei de mrfuri n vrac ~ lorry - autocistem ~ - oil carrier - tanc petrolier ~ - ore carrier - mineralier ~ pile - ncrctur amestecat, marf nesortat ~ production - producie n serie/de mas ~ storage - depozitare n vrac ~ weight - mas specifc n vrac; densitate n grmad to break ~ - a ncepe descrcarea, a dezarima bulkhead s. perete etan de compartimentare (al unei nave) bulky adj. mare, voluminos ~ goods - marfa voluminoas bull (bur.) s. speculant la hausse (care mizeaz pe creterea cursului) adj. n cretere v.t. a cuta s provoace o cretere (a cursului) - account/position - acoperire excedentar ~ campaign - campanie/speculatie la
hausse

~ transaction - tranzactie la hausse bulldog s. buldog ~ bonds - obligaiuni-buldog (emise de societi strine pe piaa Marii Britanii) bullet s. (fin.) glon (imprumut rambursat ntr-o singur tran la sfritul perioadei scadente) bullion s. lingou (de aur sau argint) ~ reserve - (fin.) rezerv metalic bullish adj. de cretere, cu tendin de cretere (desprepiaa bursier) bunkering s. (mar.) buncherare ~ agent - agent de buncherare ~ port - port de buncherare burden s. 1. sarcin, greutate; ncrctur 2. obligaie (contractual); rspundere, responsabiliate 3. (mar.) capacitate de ncrcare de marfa 4. (cont.) cheltuieli de regie v.t. a ncrca - of proof (dr.) sarcina probatiunii, onusprobandi burdensome adj. mpovrtor, oneros bureau s. birou, ofciu, agenie; departament bureaucracy s. birocraie bureaucrat s. birocrat burglary 5. furt prin efracie ~ insurance - asigurare contra furtului bursary s. burs (universitar, de
studii)

~ market - pia n cretere - pool - cartel al speculanilor la hausse ~ run - presiune a speculanilor la hausse

bushel s. buel, bani (unitate de capacitae) business s. 1. afaceri, activitate comercial 2. afacere; problem; proiect 3. firm, societate comercial 4. profesie, ocupaie, meserie adj. de afaceri, referitor la afaceri; comercial ~ agent - reprezentant comercial ~ card - carte de vizit

46

BUS-BUY

- centre - centru de afaceri ~ correspondence - coresponden comercial ~ cycle - ciclu economic (succesiunea perioadelor de expansiune i recesiune
n activitatea economica)

mbuntirea condiiilor de munc i

via)

~ data processing - infbrmatic de gestiune ~ day - zi lucrtoare ~ economics - comert ~ failure - faliment al firmei ~ game -joc de simulare/gestiune ~ hours - program/ore de lucru (n magazine i birouri) ~ house - cas de comert ~ interruption policy - poli de asigurare mpotriva ntreruperii afacerii (cauzat de un accident major) ~ law - drept comercial ~ management - managementul ntreprinderii ~ manager - director comercial ~ of the day - ordine de zi ~ plan - plan de afaceri ~ profit - profit din activitatea curent ~ risk - (/m.) risc de firm (riscul de baz inerent activitii de exploatare a firmei) ~ savings - economii/rezerve ale firmei ~ strategy - strategie de afaceri ~ term - termen comercial ~ - to - business advertising - publicitate industrial ~ unionism - (SUA) sindicalism de sistem (concepie sindcal de a accepta i susine sistemul capitalist, lupta sindicatelor limitndu-se la

to go into ~ - a intra n afaceri to travel on ~ - a cltori n interes de afaceri businesslike adj. de afaceri, referitor la afaceri; practic businessman s. om de afaceri buy s. cumprare; cumprrtur v.t. 1. a cumpra 2. fback) a rscumpra 3. (in) a stoca (materiale); a rscumpra (la licitaie) 4. finto) a cumpra (acfiuni ale unei societi) 5. (off, over) a mitui 6. (out) a cumpra (toate aciunile unei societi); a rscumpra (pe cineva pentru afi scutit de serviciul militar) 1. fturnover) a realiza (vnzri mari, ns cu profit minim) 8. (up) a cumpra (aciuni ae unei societi ncercnd s preia controlul acesteia)', a acapara (o marfd cu scopul de a
controla fumizarea ei) v.i. a face

cumprturi buyback s. 1. rscumprare (de ctre o societate a aciunilor pe care le-a vndut anterior) 2. cumprare de produse rezultate (acord de barter prin care exportatorul unor utilaje accept contravaloarea acestora n bunuri produse cu instalaiile respective) buyer s. cumprtor - concentration - concentrare/limitare a cumprtorilor (pe o pia) ~ credit - credit cumprtor (acordat unui cumprtor strin de ctre banca exportatorului pentru mrfurile importate) ~ s no sellers - (bur.) cumprtori fr
vnztori

BUY-BY

-s' market - pia favorabil cumprtorilor

~'s monopoly - monopson ~'s option to double - (bur.) opiune care i d cumprtorului dreptul de a cumpra un pachet dublu de aciuni fa de cel convenit - s over - (bur.) cererea mai mare
dect oferta

~'s risk - risc al cumprtorului ~'s surplus - surplus al cumprtomlui/consumatorului (diferena dintre preul pe care cumprtorul intenioneaz s-l ofere pentru un anumit produs preul pe care l pltete n realitate)

~ s'strike - grev a cumprtorilor buygrid s. gril de aprovizionare

(model al activitii de aprovizionare industrial)

buying s. cumprare

~ cycle - ciclu de cumprare (frecvenu

cu care este achiziionat un produs)

~ forward - stocare, depozitare n stoc (de marf, materii prime) ~ long - (bur.) cumprare la hausse ~ power - putere de cumprare ~ round - cumprare far intermediari (direct de la productor sau importator) buyout s. cumprare/preluare a unei societi by adj. secundar, auxiliar ~ (e) - law - hotrre a administraiei locale; decizie a unei societi/corporaii (n completare la regulamentul existent) ~ - product - produs secundar/auxiliar, derivat ~ - work - munc suplimentar/accesorie

c
cable s. 1. cablu 2. cablogram; telegram v.i. a telegrafia ~ address - adres telegrafc ~ order - comand telegrafic ~ rate - curs de schimb pentru transferurile (valutare) telegrafice ~ transfer - transfer telegrafic cablegram s. cablogram cabotage s. (mar.) cabotaj cadaster v. cadastre cadastral adj. cadastral ~ map - hart cadastral ~ register - carte funciar ~ survey - ridicare cadastral cadastre s. cadastru calendar s. 1. calendar 2. (dr.) calendar de termene, rol 3. (fin.) program al emisiunilor (de titluri de valoare) v.t. a nscrie n calendar, a nregistra ~ day - zi calendaristic ~ year - an calendaristic call s. 1. apel/convorbire telefonic 2. apel, cerere, solicitare (de plat a unei societi ai crei acionari sunt
solicitai s plteasc sumele restante pentru aciunile deinute) 3. revocare (rambursarea unei emisiuni de obligaiuni sau aciuni prefereniale nainte de scadena) 4. (bur.) opiune telefon v.i. (on, upon) a soma (un debitor); a face o scurt vizit (despre un agent comercial) ~ box - cabin telefonic

- deposit - depozit la vedere ~ feature - posibilitate/clauz de

revocare (care i permite emitenului s- rscumpere titlurile de valoare, la un pre specificat, nainte de maturitate)

~ letter - scrisoare de apel (adresat

unui acionar pentru a plti aciunile deinute)

~ loaq. - mprumut rambursabil la cerere ~ market - piaa mprumuturilor ramurbsabile la cerere ~ - of - more option - (bur.) opiune care i d drept cumprtorului s cumpere un pachet dublu de aciuni fa de cel convenit ~ on shares - solicitare de achitare a aciunilor ~ option - (bur.) optiune de apel
(ppiune de cumprare a unui activ la un pre de exerciiu specificat) - premium - prim de revocare (sum peste valoarea nominal care trebuie pltit de o societate cnd revoc o emisiune de titluri de valoare) ~ price pre de revocare ~ privilege - privilegiu de revocare (clauz ncorporat ntr-o obligaiune sau aciune preferenial care i d

de apel/cumprare, call 5. vizit

(profesional, de afaceri) 5. (mar.)

escal v.t. 1. a chema 2. a aduna, a convoca 3. (in) a cere plata (unei datorii); a scoate din circulatie (bani) 4. (oft) a anula, a contramanda 5. (mt) a chema la grev 6. (up) a chema la

CAL-CAP

49

emitentului dreptul de a revoca titlul de valoare la un pre specificat) ~ provision - clauz de revocare - rate - dobnd pentru depozitele la vedere; (com.) numr de vizite facute de un reprezentant comercial (clienilor sau potenialilor clieni) ~ s in arrears - restane la achitarea aciunilor callability s. (fin.) posibilitate/clauz de revocare (a unui titlu de valoare) callable adj. revocabil (nainte de scaden); pltibil (la cerere) ~ bond - obligaiune revocabil ~ preferred stocks - (SUA) titluri prefereniale revocabile camber s. cu (bazin portuar mic) cambist ^. l.agent de schimb (de cambii) 2. specialist n schimburile financiare 3. manual, ghid (care cuprinde unitile monetare, de msur ale mai multor ri) campaign s. campanie (publicitar, de pres etc.) can s. 1. cutie de conserve 2. bidon, canistr; can v.t. a conserva, a pune n cutii de conserve canal s. canal (artificial) ~ barge - lep de canal ~ boat - nav de canal . ~ bridge - pod-canal ~ dues/tolls - taxe de trecere prin canal ~ harbour/port - port de canal ~ lock - ecluz de canal ~ regulations - reguli de trecere prin canal cancel v.t. 1. a terge, a tia, a bifa 2. a anula, a realiza (un act, un contract)', a contramanda (o ntrevedere, o

comand); a anula, a radia (o datorie, o ipotec); a revoca (a hotrre) cancellable adj. anulabil ~ bookings - rezervri anulabile ~ contract - contract anulabil cannery s. fabric de conserve cannibalization s. canibalizare (situa-ie n care creterea volumului de vnzri pentru o marc provoac scderea cererii pentru o alta apari-nnd aceleiai linii de produse) canvass ^. 1. examinare, analiz 2. prospectare (a pieei) 3. propagand electoral v.t. 1. a examina, a analiza 2. a prospecta (piaa); a vizita, a parcurge (o regiune pentru colectarea de comenzi sau strngerea de voturi) v.i. 1 a cuta comenzi 2. a face propagand electoral canvasser s. 1. agent comercial; comis-voiajor 2. agent electoral cap s. (fin.) cap, capac, limit superioar (impus dobnzii, mai ales n cazul ipotecii cu dobnd variabila) capacity s. 1. capacitate, volum 2. productivitate, randament 3. (dr.) capacitate legal ~ factor - factor de capacitate/utilizare -- in bales - capacitate n baluri/ baloturi -- in bulk - capacitate n vrac ~ production - productivitate normal ~ to contract - (dr.) capacitate de a contracta to work at/to ~ - a lucra la capacitatea maxim capital s. 1. capital 2. capital (ora) 3. majuscul, liter mare adj. capital, principal, fundamental - account - (cont.) cont de capital

50

CAP

~ accumulation/formation - acumulare de capital ~ adequacy - capital adecvat

(capacitatea capitalului unei bnci de a face fa unei eventuale evoluii negative a activelor sale far a deveni insovabil)

~ equipment - fonduri fixe ~ expenditure/outlay - cheltuieli de investiie ~ flight - exod al capitalalui (n ale
ri)

~ allowances - faciliti fiscale de capitalizare ~ appreciation - cretere a valorii de pia a unei investiii ~ asset - activ de capital (activ pe termen lung deinut n special pentru
activitatea normal afirmei)

~ budget - buget de capital ~ budgeting - alocare a capitalului

(criterii de decizie pentru investiii n active fixe care implic compararea costnlui investiiei cu beneficiile sale viitoare)

~ gains - ctig de capital (profitul obinut din vnzarea activelor de capital) ~ gains tax - impozit pe ctigul de capital ~ gains yield - randament al ctigului de capital ~ goods - bunuri de capital, mijloace de productie ~ impairment - deteriorare a capitalului (situaia n care capitalul unei instituii financiare scade sub nivelul prevzut de reglementrile
legale)

~ charges - (cont., fin.) cheltuieli de capital ~ cost allowance - cota cheltuielilor de capital (cheltuieli cu amortizarea pentru scopuri fiscale) ~ consumption - uzur a capitalului
fix (n procesul de producie)

~ intensity - intensitate a capitalului

(valoarea activelor necesare pentru a produce un dolar de vnzri)

~ cut-off point - punct pn la care se poate obine capital (n mod rentabil) ~ decumulation - reducere a capitalului - deepening - cretere a productivitii (mijloacelor de producie prin cumprarea de utilaje performate, fra a urmri mrirea capacitii de producie)

~ depreciation - amortizare ~ employed/owned - capital angajat

(capitalul utilizat ntr-o afacSre, activul

~ -intensive - consumator de capital (despre ramurie i activitile industriale care necesit un volum mare de capital pentru afunciona) ~ - intensive industry - industrie cu investiii mari pe unitatea de produs ~ invested - capital investit ~ investment'- investiii n mijloace de producie - issue - emitere de aciuni ~ lease - locaie financiar/de capital, leasing financiar ~ levy - impozit pe capital ~ loss - pierdere de capital (la vnzarea activelor de capital)

~ market - pia de capital

net)

CAP

51

~ market line - linia pieei de capital (reprezentarea grafc a relaiei dintre risc i rata necesar a rentabilitii) ~ movements/transfers - transfer de capital (ntre dou ari) ~ - output ratio - raport investiie-producie ~ profit - profit de capital (obinut din vnzarea de fonduri fixe) ~ ratio - rat de capital (raportul dintre capitalul plus rezervele unei bnci i activele sale totale) ~ rationing - raionalizare a capitalului (destinat investiiilor') ~ redemption reserve fund - fond de rezerv de rambursare a capitalului (subscris de deintorii de aciuni prefereniale ai unei societi) ~ reduction - reducere de capital (dminuarea capitalului n aciuni al unei societi) ~ requirements - necesar de capital ~ reserves - rezerve de capital, profit nedistribuit (acionarilor) ~ resources - fonduri proprii ~ stock - capital fix (al unei economii sau al unei ramuri industriale); (SUA) capital social ~ structure - structur a capitalului ~ sum - total al despgubirii (pltite asiguratului de societatea de asigurri) ~ tax - impozit pe capital (care reprezint un procent din totalul
activelor)

capitalist s. capitalist capitalization s. 1. (bur., fin.) capitalizare 2. structur a capitalului (unei societi) ~ of reserves - capitalizarea rezervelor (emisiune de aciuni gratuite pentru
acionarii existeni)

~ turnover - rotaia capitalului ~ value - valoare capitalizat ~ widening - extindere a fondurilor fixe (pentru mrirea capacitii de producie) capitalism s. capitalism

~ rate - rat de capitalizare/actualizare (utilizat pentru a calcula valoarea prezent a unei serii de ncasri viitoare n numerar) capitalize v.t. (bur.,fin.) a capitaliza capitation s. 1. calcul pe cap de locuitor 2. capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor ~ fee - tax/cotizaie individual (pltit de fiecare membru al unei societi) ~ grant - alocaie individual/pe cap de locuitor ~ tax - capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor captain s. comandant de nav (n marina comercial) -'s bounty - prim a comandantului ~'s copy - copie a comandantului (de pe conosamentul original) ~'s entry charges - cheltuieli suplimentare de descrcare ~'s entry craft - mahon de urgentare ~'s (imperfect) entry - declaraie vamal preliminar/provizorie ~'s liability - rspundere a comandantului ~'s protest - protest de mare captive adj. captiv ~ audience - auditoriu/public captiv (obligat s asculte material publicitar n timpul recepionrii unor programe de radio i televiziune)

- market line - linia pieei de capital (reprezentarea grafic a relafiei dintre risc i rata necesar a rentabilitii) ~ movements/transfers - transfer de capital (ntre dou ri) ~ - output ratio - raport investiie-producie ~ profit - profit de capital (obinut din
vnzarea de fonduri fixe)

~ ^ratio - rat de capital (raportul dintre capitalul plus rezervele unei

bnci i activele sale totale)

~ rationing - raionalizare a capitalului

(destinat mvestiiilor)

~ redemption reserve fund - fond de rezerv de rambursare a capitalului (subscris de deintorii de aciuni prefereniale ai unei societi) ~ reduction - reducere de capital
(diminuarea capitalului n aciuni al unei societi)

capitalist s. capitalist capitalization s. 1. (bur., fin.) capitalizare 2. stmctur a capitalului (unei societi) ~ of reserves - capitalizarea rezervelor (emisiune de aciuni gratuite pentru acionarii existeni) ~ rate - rat de capitalizare/actualizare (utilizat pentru a calcula valoarea prezent a unei serii de ncasri viitoare n numerar) capitalize v.t. (burfin.) a capitaliza capitation s. 1. calcul pe cap de locuitor 2. capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor - fee - tax/cotizaie individual (pltit de fiecare membru al unei
societi)

~ requirements - necesar de capital ~ reserves - rezerve de capital, profit nedistribuit (acionarilor) ~ resources - fonduri proprii - stock - capital fix (al unei economii sau al unei ramuri industriale); (SUA) capital social ~ structure - structur a capitalului - sum - total al despgubirii (pltite asiguratului de societatea de asigurri) ~ tax - impozit pe capital (care reprezint un procent din totalul
activelor)

~ turnover - rotaia capitalului ~ value - valoare capitalizat ~ widening - extindere a fondurilor fixe (pentru mrirea capacitfii de producie) capitalism s. capitalism

~ grant - alocaie individual/pe cap de locuitor ~ tax - capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor captain s. comandant de nav (n marina comercial) ~'s bounty - prim a comandantului ~'s copy - copie a comandantului (de pe conosamentul original) ~'s entry charges - cheftuieli suplimentare de descrcare ~'s entry craft - mahon de urgentare ~'s (imperfect) entry - declaraie vamal preliminar/provizorie ~'s liability - rspundere a comandantului ~'s protest - protest de mare captive adj. captiv ~ audience - auditoriu/public captiv (obligat s asculte material publicitar n timpul recepionrii unor programe de radio i televiziune)

52

CAP-CAR

~ market - pia captiv (grup de consumatori care nu pot evita activitile publicitare, de marketing sau nu au de ales ntre multe oferte) ~ outlet - magazin captiv (care i
poate desfura activitatea ntr-o cldire cu condiia de a vinde numai mrfuri furnizate de proprietarii imobilului respectiv)

~ girl/woman - femeie interesat de reuita profesional ~ planning - (man.) planificare a structurii profesionale (a personalului
unei companii)

car s. 1. automobil, autoturism 2. vagon (de tren, tramvai) ~ tax - impozit auto (mai ales la mainile de import) carat s. carat carcase v. carcass carcass s. carcas ~ weight - greutate a animalului tiat i curat card s. 1. cartel; fi 2. carte (de credi), card 3. camet de membru ~ - carrying - avnd calitatea de membru (al unui partid, al unui
sindicat)

careerism s. carierism, arivism cargo ^. 1. (mar.) caric 2. ncrctur; marfa ~ - and-passenger ship - nav mixt
(de marf ipasageri)

~ catalogue - catalog pe fie ~ index - cartotec, fiier ~ vote - vot prin delegat/mandat cardholder s. 1. membru (al unui partid, al unui sindicat) 2. posesor al unei crti de credit care s. 1. ntreinere; conservare 2. grij, bunvoin ~ and maintenance - ntreinere i
paz (a unui utilaj aflat n conservare)

~ of - prin grija/bunvoina - of general delivery - (SUA) post-restant career 5'. carier; profesie ~ counselling - (man.) consultan n sectoml promovrilor (ntr-ofirm)

~ barge - lep de marf ~ battens - fardaj lateral de aerisire ~ boat/carrier/ship/vessel - cargou, cargobot, nav comercial de transport (de mrfuri) ~ book - registru de eviden a mrfurilor ncrcate - capacity - capacitate de ncrcare de marfa - carrier - cru, transportator; cargobot ~ coeffcient - coeficient de ncrcare ~ container - container de marf ~ covered by bill - caric ncrcat pe baz de conosament ~ damage report - raport de avariere/deteriorare a mrfurilor ~ deadweight - capacitate net/util de ncrcare - deadweight tonnage - tonaj net, capacitate de ncrcare de marfa ~ draft/draught - pescaj de ncrcare; coad de marfa ~ dues - taxe pe mrfurile operate - handling - manipulare de marfuri ~ in bulk - caric n vrac - in good condition - caric n stare bun (la sosirea navei n portul de destinaie)

CAR

53

~ insurance policy - poli de asigurare a caricului ~ liable to be broached - caric ce s-ar putea deplasa n magazie ~ lien - privilegiu de ncrcare; drept de retenie asupra mrfii ~ line -- linie de transport maritim (de
mrfuri)

~ turnover - trafic de mrfuri; cifr de

afaceri

~ underwriter - asigurtor al caricului ~ work - operare de mrfuri ~ - worthy clause - (asig. mar.) clauza navei apte de a transporta mrfuri carload s. (SUA) vagon (ca
ncrctur)

~ liner - cargou/nav de linie ~ loading distribution indicator indicator al repartizrii ncrcturii (n

magaziile navei)

~ loading manifold - manifold de ncrcare ~ movement - deplasare a caricului (n magazie) ~ owner - proprietar al mrfii ~ passage - voiaj al navei ncrcate ~ performance - volum de mrfuri transportate; trafic de mrfari ~ plan - cargoplan ~ reception - recepionare a mrfi ~ reefer space - magazie frigorific ~ sheet - fi de pontaj (pentru marfa
ncarcat sau descrcat)

~ lot - partid vagonal de mrfuri carman s. 1. ofer, camionagiu 2. vatman carriage s. 1. transport, cruie 2. cost al transportului 3. executare, aducere la ndeplinire; adoptare (a unei
propuneri), votare (a unui proi'ect de

lege) 4. administrare, conducere (a unei

afaceri)

~ docume^its - documente de transport ~ expenses - cheltuieli de transport ~ forward - cu plata taxelor de transport la livrare/destinaie ~ free - franco taxe de transport ~ paid - cu transportul pltit (pn la
punctul de livrare)

~ shift - deplasare a caricului (n

magazie datorit stivuirii i amarrii incorecte)

~ shipping - transport maritim; flot de transport ~ space - spaiu de ncrcare ~ sweat - sudaie a mrfii ~ syndicate - sindicat al asigurtorilor decaric ~ tank - tanc de marfa (la petroliere) ~ ton - ton de navlu/volum ~ tonnage - tonaj de ncrcare ~ train - tren de marfa

~ paid home - cu transportul pltit pn la domiciliul beneficiamlui carrier s. 1. cru, transportator 2. societate de transport ~ bag - pung (de plastic sau hrtie folosit la cumprturi) ~ nation - stat cu marin comercial
dezvoltat (care face transporturi pentru alte ri)

~'s agent - agent al cruului ~'s lien - drept de retenie al cruului ~'s risk - risc al cruului ~'s statement - declaraie a cruului (privind starea mrfii)

54

CAR-CAS

carry v.t. 1. a transporta 2. a ine, a avea de vnzare (despre un magazin) 3. a adopta (o propunere), a vota ('MH proiect de lege) 4. (forward, ovw) a reporta 5. (oft) a ctiga (unpremiu) 6. fon^ a conduce, a administra (o afacere); a continua (tratative, negocieri) 1. (out, through) a ndeplini, a realiza carry-forward v. carry-over carry-over s. (cont., bur.) report ~ day - zi de report cartage ^. 1. transport, cruie (cu traciune animal) 2. camionaj 3. cost al transportului ~ contractor - antreprenor de trans-porturi ~ note - permis de scoatere a mrfu-rilor din vam ~ port - port cu alimbare ~ service - camionaj cartel s. cartel cartelist s. 1. membm al unui cartel 2. adept al cartelrii cartelization s. cartelare cartelize v.t. a cartela cascade s. cascad ~ tax - impozit pe circulaia mrfurilor (perceput n fiecare etap a procesului de distribuie) cascading s. cascading (strategie de marketing prin care o companie ptrunde mai nti pe un segment mic de pia, lansndu-se apoi pe alte piee) case s. 1. cutie, lad 2. proces, caz v.t. a ambala n lzi/cutii ~ law - jurispmden ~ study - (man.) studiu de caz

cash s. numerar, bani lichizi v.t. a ncasa (un cec); a plti n numerar ~ account - cont de cas ~ accounting - contabilitate financiar ~ advance - avans n numerar ~ against (shipping) documents (mar.) plat n numerar pe baza documentelor de transport ~ - and-carry - (com.) cash-and-carry, pltit n numerar i transportat de cumprtor ~ assets - active lichide - at bank - disponibil de numerar n banc ~ balance - sold de cas - before delivery - plat n numerar nainte de livrare ~ bonus - (bur.) bonificaie n numerar; (asig.) prim n numerar ~ breakeven point - (fin.) prag de rentabilitate a numerarului (prag de rentabilitate obinut cnd se scad elementele nemonetare - cele care nu reprezint ieire de numerar - din costurilefixe) ~ budget/forecast - buget de numerar (plan care prezint fluxurile de numerar) ~ capital/shares - aciuni emise pentru obinerea de lichiditi ~ conversion cycle - ciclu de conversie a numeramlui (perioada dintre momentul n care o firm achiziioneaz materiie prime i cel al vnzrii produselor finite) ~ credit - credit de cas/descoperit ~ crop - recolt destinat vnzrii (,i
nu consumului personal)

~ customer - client care pltete n numerar

~ department - casierie - (- deposit) ratio - rata de lichiditate (raportul dintre rezerva monetar a unei bnci i obligaiile totale fa de depozitele clienilor)
~ desk - cas

- on delivery fee - tax de ramburs ~ order - (com.) ordin cu plata n numerar ~ outflow - flux de ieire de numerar ~ paid/received book - registru de
cas

~ discount - rabat comercial pentm plata n numerar ~ dispenser - bancomat ~ dividends - dividende n numerar - down - plata la livrare ~ equivalent - echivalentul numeramlui {investiie pe termen scurt cu grad ridicat de lichiditate i scaden iniial sub trei luni) ~ flow/generation - flux de numerar (valoarea net real de numerar, deosebit de profitul contabil, care intr sau iese dinfirm ntr-o perioad determinat) ~ m hand - bani n cas - - in-transit policy - poli de asigurare a banilor n tranzit (pentru sumele transportate ntre dou bnci) ~ inflow - flux de intrare de numerar ~ issue - emisiune de aciuni prefereniale (destinate acionarilor existeni) ~ journal - registru de cas ~ keeper - casier ~ management account - cont administrat (cont bancar investit pe piaa financiar) ~ market - pia spot/cu plata n numerar ~ note - not de plat ~ office - cas, casierie ~ on delivery - (com.) plat n numerar la livrare, livrare contra ramburs

~ price - pre cu plata n numerar ~ purchase - cumprare cu plata n numerar ~ receipts journal - (cont.) jumalul ncasrilor n numerar ~ register - (com.) cas de nregistrare ~ reserve - rezerv lichid (disponibil pentru plasamente imediate) ~ sale - vnzare contra numerar ~ settlement - (bur.) lichidare n numerar ~ shorts and overs - plusuri i minusuri de cas ~ statement - (cont.) situaie de cas ~ surrender (value) - valoare de rscumprare (a unei polie de asigurare) ~ voucher - bon de cas - with order - (com.) plat n numerar la comand cashbook s. registru de conturi cashbox s. caset pentru bani cashier s. casier ~'s cheque - cec; trat bancar
~'s office - casierie

cashomat s. (SUA) bancomat casing s. nvelitoare; ambalaj - paper - hrtie de ambalaj cask s. butoi (folosit mai ales pentru bere i vin, avnd diferite msuri) cast v.t. 1. (dr.) a condamna la plata despgubirilor 2. (away) a arunca (ncrctura) n mare (n situaii critice) 3. (up) a aduna, a totaliza

56

CAS-CEN

casting adj. decisiv ~ vote - vot decisiv (al preedintelui unei adunri, cnd numrul voturilor pro i contra este egal) casual adj. ocazional, temporar 5'. persoan angajat temporar ~ labour - mn de lucru ocazional/ sezonier ~ leave - nvoire ~ profit - profit ocazional ~ vacancy - post liber temporar casualty s. (asig.) accident ~ insurance asigurare mpotriva accidentelor ~ loss - daun cauzat de accident catalog v. catalogue catalogue s. catalog; list (de preuri, produse etc.) v.t. a cataloga ~ buying cumprare pe baz de catalog ~ price - pre de catalog - store - magazin cu vnzare pe baz de catalog cataloguer s. catalogator cataloguist v. cataloguer catchcrop s. cultur altemativ/in-tercalat catchpenny adj. ieftin s. marf ieftin catchphrase s. slogan (publicitar) catchy adj. captivant, atrgtor ~ adverstisement - reclam atrg-toare category s. categorie, clas cater v.i. a fumiza alimente i servicii caterer s. fumizor de alimente i servicii cattle s. vite; bovine ~ breeding cretere a vitelor ~ dealer - negustor de vite ~ food - nutre pentru vite

~ lease - arend de vite ! ~ market - trg de vite ~ traffic/transport - transport de animale vii cattleship s. nav pentm transportul animalelor vii cattletruck s. camion sau vagonplatfonn pentru transportul animalelor vii cause s. 1. cauz, motiv 2. caz, proces v.t. a cauza, a pricinui ~ beyond control - fort major ~ list - list de procese, rol caution s. 1. prevedere, precauie 2. avertisment (dat unui lucrtor) v.t. a avertiza ~ money - garanie (sum cerut ca avans pentru datorii sau daune posibile ori pentru ndeplnirea obligaiilor contractuale) cease s. ncetare, oprire, sistare v.t. a nceta, a opri, a sista v.i. a se opri ~ clause - clauz de sistare to ~ payments - a opri plile; a da faliment ceiling s. plafon, nivel maxim, limit superioar ~ price - pre maxim cellar ^. pivni; cram cellarage 5. 1. pstrare/depozitare n pivnie 2, plat pentru depozitare n pivnie census s. recensmnt central adj. central ~ bank - banc central/naional - business district - centru comer-cial/de afaceri Central European Time - Ora Europei Centrale - planning - planificare centralizat

CEN-CER

57

centralism s. centralism centralization s. centralizare (procesul

de concentrare a autoritii la centrul organizafiei respective) centre s. centru (comercial, financiar etc.)

~ of health/pratique - certificat/ patent de sntate ~ of incorporation - certificat de nregistrare (a unei societi comerciale)

~ of inscription - certificat de
nregistrare (a aciunilor nominale)

cereal s. cereale adj. cerealier, de cereale - carrier - cerealier, nav/cargou pentru transportul cerealelor ~ crops - graminee, cultur de cereale certificate s. 1. certificat; adeverin; atestat 2. certificat de actiuni v.. 1. a certifica; a atesta 2. a elibera un certificat ~ of acceptance - certificat/proces-verbal de recepie (a unei lucrri) ~ of airworthiness - certificat de navigabilitate (a unui avion) ~ of analysis - certificat de analiz (a unuiprodus) ~ of classification - certificat de clas
(al navei)

~ of insurance - certificat de asigurare ~ of inward clearance - (mar.) permis vamal de descrcare ~ of manufacture/origin - certificat de origine (a mrfurilor'de export) ~ of misfortune - certificat de accident/ghinion (acordat de instan
unui falit prin care se certific faptul c falimentul nu a fost cauzat de proasta conducere a afacerii, ci de un accident)

~ of clearance - certificat de navigabilitate (pentru navele de pasageri) ~ ofdamage - (asig. mar.) certificat de avarie ~ of delivery - dovad de livrare (a mrfii) ~ of deposit - certificat de depozit ~ of enrollment - (SUA) certificat de
nregistrare (pentru navele de cabotaj ipescuit mai mari de 20 tone-registrU) ~ of existence - certificat de existen (certificat eliberat de un fond de pensii care atest ca beneficiarul stipulat n certificat este n via)

~ of quality - certificat de calitate ~ of registration/registry - certificat de naionalitate (al navei) ~ of seaworthiness - (mar.) certificat de navigabilitate ~ of shares - certificat de aciuni ~ of survey - certificat de expertiz ~ of transfer - (bur.) certificat de
transfer (de aciuni)

~ of weight - certificat de greutate (a mrfii) certified adj. atestat; autorizat;

verificat

~ accountant - contabil atestat/ autorizat ~ bankrupt - falit cu certificat de accident/ghinion (acordat de instan, care certific faptul cfalimentul nu a fost cauzat de proasta conducere a
afacerii, ci de un accident)

~ of guarantee/warranty - certificat de garanie

~ cheque - cec acceptat/vizat (de banc)

CER-CHA

~ copy - copie legalizat ~ financial statement - situaie financiar certificat de un contabil autorizat ~ invoice - factur legalizat ~ mail - (SUA) scrisoare recomandat ~ management accountant - (SUA) contabil managerial atestat (care hicreaz n sectorul afacerilor) - public accountant - (SUA) contabil public atestat/autorizat ~ transfer - (bur.) transfer (de aciuni) autorizat certify v.t. a certifica; a atesta cess s. impozit cessation s. ncetare, oprire, sistare cesser s. (dr.) ncetare (a unei
rspunderi)

chairmanship s. preedinie chaldron s. chaldron (unitate de

capacitate)

cession s. cesiune, cesionare cessionary s. cesionar chafe s. (asig.) frecare; uzur/daune prin frecarea mrfurilor (n timpul transportului) chain s. 1. reea; sistem 2. lan (de
masurri topografice)

~ company - societate cu sucursale multiple ~ of command - (man.) conducere ierarhic ~ of distribution - (com.) linie/canal de distribuie ~ of endorsements - ir de andosri ~ store - magazin m reea chairman ^. preedinte (al unei adunri) ~ of the board of directors - preedinte al consiliului de administraie ~'s report - raport al preedintelui (despre activitatea anual a companiei)

chamber s. 1. camer 2. pl. birouri: I cabinet al judectorului - of commerce - camer de comert ~ of commerce and industry - camer de comer i industrie - of shipping - camer de navigaie - of trade - camera comerciantilor champerty s. (dr.) vnzare a unui proces (nelegere ilegal cu partea litigant prin care ofertantul suport cheltuielile de judecat i, n caz de ctig, primete o parte din suma disputat) chancellor s. cancelar Chancellor of the Exchequer -. (Anglia) ministru de finane chancellorship s. funcia sau demnitatea de cancelar chandler s. 1. lumnrar, fabricant de lumnri 2. negustor, comerciant change s. 1. schimbare 2. mruni, bani mmni; rest 3. schimb v.t. a schimba (bani) v.i. a se schimba, a se modifica channel s. 1. canal (natural)-, pas de navigaie; enal 2. canal, cale, mijloc; surs ~ captain - ef de reea (cel mai puternic membru al unei reele de distribuie) ~ conflict - conflict de reea (aprut ntre membrii unei reele de distribuie) ~ of distribution - canal de distribuie (prin care produsul finit ajunge la consumatorul final) to go through official ~s - a merge pe cale ierarhic

CHA

59

chapel s. atelier de tipografie; asociaie a muncitorilor tipografi charge s. 1. ncrctur 2. nsrcinare, rspundere; misiune 3. pre; cheltuieli, speze 4. sarcin; titlu de gaj 5. (cont.) debit 6. acuzatie (n dreptul penal) 7. discurs al judectorului (adresat jurailor) v.t. 1. a ncrca 2. a nsrcina 3. a cere, a fixa (un pre); a taxa 4. lcont.) a debita 5. a sftui, a ndemna (despre un judector care se adreseaz jurafilor) 6. (\v\th) a acuza (de) v.i. 1. a cere plata 2. a trece n cont - account - (SUA) cont n credit - hand - ajutor de maistru ~ s account - cont de cheltuieli ~ s forward - expedierea/transportul n contul destinatarului ~ s included - inclusiv cheltuielile ~ s on assets - sarcini pe active ~ s prepaid - expedierea/transportul n contul expeditorului chargeable adj. impozabil - gain - profit impozabil chart s. 1. hart marin 2. diagram, grafic v.t. 1. a trece/a reprezenta pe hart 2. a face graficul ~ of accounts - (cont.) tabloul conturilor (din cartea mare) charter s. 1. decret; cart; lege; drept, privilegiu 2. (mar.) navlosire; contract de navlosire v.t. 1. a decreta; a acorda (un drept sau privilegiu) 2. (mar.) a navlosi, a afreta; a nchiria (un avion, o main) ~ by demise - contract de nchiriere a navei nude (fr echipaj i materiale) ~ commission - comision de navlosire ~ freight - navlu contractual

~ market - piaa navlosirilor i a nchirierilor ~ member - membru fondator (al unei organizaii) ~ money - navlu, pre al transportului pe mare ~ party - contract de navlosire ~ plane - avion charter ~ rate - tarif de navlu ~ tonnage - tonaj navlosit charterage s. 1. navlosire, afretare; nchiriere (a unui avion, a unei maini) 1. cost al navlosirii/nchirierii chartered adj. 1. confirmat, statuat (printr-un decret); privilegiat; autorizat 2. navlosit, afretat; nchiriat (despre un
avion, o main)

~ accountant - expert contabil ~ company - societate nfiinat prin decret regal ~ contractor - subarmator ~ freight - navlu contractual ~ owner - navlositor principal - ship/vessel - nav navlosit charterer s. (mar.) navlositor ~'s agent - agent al navlositorului ~'s freight - navlu contractual chartering s. navlosire, afretare; nchiriere ~ agent/broker - agent/curtier de navlosire ~ business - afaceri de navlosire - by demise - navlosire a navei nude
(fr echipaj i materiale)

~ market - piaa navlosirilor i a nchirierilor - order - ordin de navlosire ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) de navlosire

60

CHA-CHI

chartist s. analist al pieei bursiere

(care ntocmete grafice, tabele)

charwoman s. femeie cu ziua, servitoare chattel s. 1. bun mobiliar 2. acareturi ~ mortgage - ipotec mobiliar ~ mortgage bond - (SUA) obligaiune ipotecar mobiliar ~ s personal - bunuri mobiliare - s real - bunuri imobiliare cheap adj. 1. ieftin 2. devalorizat, cu putere redus de cumprare (despre o moned) adv. ieftin, la pre convenabil ~ labour - for de munc ieftin ~ money - credit ieftin/avantajos (cu
dobnd sczut)

~ quality - calitate inferioar ~ ticket - bilet cu pre redus cheapness s. ieftintate check s. 1. control, verificare 2. tampil de control; viz; bifare 3. chitan (la depunerea bagajelor); numr (la garderob)', contramarc, cotor 4. (SUA) cec adj. de control/verificare v.t. 1. (i ~ up) a controla, a verifica 2. (off) a reine (cotizaii sindicale) din salariu v.i. 1. ('m) a se nregistra (la hotel); a se prezenta (la aeroport, la serviciu) 2. (outJ a pleca (de la hotel etc. achitnd nota de plat); a face verificri; a ncasa un cec (la banc) 3. fup on) a controla, a face verificri 4. fwith^ a corespunde ~ list - list de control; borderou de cecuri ~ register - (cont.) registru de cecuri ~ sample - mostr de control, prob-martor checkbook s. (SUA) camet de cecuri

checking s. 1. control, verificare 2. nregistrare ~ account - (SUA) cont curent checkoff s. reinere din salariu (pentru sindicat) checkout s. 1. or de plecare (de la hotel) 2. control, verificare 3. calcul i plat la cas (ntr-un magazin) checkroom s. garderob, vestiar checkup s. control, verificare cheque .v. cec ~ account - cont curent ~ book - camet de cecuri ~ cashing machine - terminal de decontare a cecurilor ~ clearing - compensare a cecurilor ~ crossed generally - cu barare general ~ crossed specially - cu barare special ~ form - formular de cec ~ rate - curs al cecului (n tranzacfiile
cu devize)

~ signer - persoan cu semntur autorizat pe cec ~ to bearer - cec la purttor ~ to order - cec la ordin chief^. efadj. principal ~ clerk - ef de birou ~ contractor - antreprenor general ~ debtor - debitor principal ~ designer - proiectant-ef ~ engineer - inginer-ef ~ executive offcer - (SUA) director executiv ~ mate/offcer - ofier secund, ofier maritim nti (de nav comercial) ~ operating offcer - (SUA) director operativ

CHI-CLA

61

~ ship surveyor - inspector-ef de registru (naval) child s. copil ~ allowance - reducere a impozitului pe venit pentru susintorii de copii ~ benefit - alocaie pentru copil ~ labour - munc a copiilor, folosire a copiilor n activiti productive Chinese adj. chinezesc ~ auction - licitaie chinezeasc (lictaie la care se coboar preul pn se gsete un cumprtor) ~ walls - ziduri chinezeti (bariere interne pe care instituiile financiare le instaleaz ntre diferite departamente pentru a evita transferul ilegal de informaii i apariia conflictelor de interese) choice s. 1. alegere, selecie 2. asortiment adj. ales, selecionat; superior ~ brand - marc superioar/de calitate circular adj. circular s. circular ~ flow - flux circular (transferul continuu, n ambele sensuri, de pli i ncasri ntre consumatori i productori) ~ letter - circular ~ letter of credit - scrisoare de credit circular ~ ticket - bilet n circuit ~ tour - cltorie n circuit circularize v.t. a trimite circulare circulate v.t. a pune n circulaie (bani etc.)', a rspndi, a difuza v.i. a circula; a avea rspndire circulating adj. circulant ~ assets - active circulante/curente ~ capital - capital circulant/de lucru

~ medium - mijloc de plat/schimb; unitate monetar circulation s. 1. circulaie (monetard, de mrfur) 1. rspndire, difuzare; tiraj ~ and readership - tiraj i grad de citire citizen s. cetean citizenship s. cetenie city s. ora ~ article - articol/rubric economic() (n ziar) ~ council - consiliu municipal ~ edition - edii^ de diminea (a unui cotidian pentru dstribuia local) ~ editor - redactor economic (al unui ziar); (SUA) redactor responsabil cu reportajele locale ~ hall - primrie ~ planning - urbanism civil adj. civil ~ case - proces civil ~ code - cod civil ~ commotion - (asig.) micare civil (care provoac daune) ~ court - tribunal civil ~ embargo - embargou civil ~ engineer - inginer constructor ~ engineering - constmcii civile ~ law - drept civil ~ list - list civil (alocaii bugetare pentru ntreinerea familiei regale) ~ rights - drepturi civile ~ servant - funcionar public/de stat ~ service - administraie de stat/ public ~ status - stare civil ~ year - an civil/calendaristic claim s. (asig.) 1. cerere (de despgubire) 1. (dr.) cerere

CVA-CLE

(ndreptit); drept (de a solicita ceva) 3. concesiune (minier) v.t. a cere, a pretinde, a revendica ~ for damages - (asig.) cerere de despgubire/daune ~ in return (dr.) cerere reconventional ~ -jumper - persoan care preia ilegal un teren ~ release and discharge - (asig.) act de lichidare a cererii/daunelor ~ s adjuster agent de onorare a cererilor de despgubire (n baza polielor de asigurare) ~ s and liabilities - creane i angaja-mente ~ s book - registru de reclamatii to jump a ~ - a prelua ilegal un teren to make/to put in a ~ for damages - a cere/a pretinde despgubiri to meet a ~ - a contesta o actiune n revendicare to raise ~ s - a formula pretenii claimable adj. exigibil, revendicabil claimant s. solicitant; reclamant claimer v. clairnant class s. 1. clas, categorie 2. clas social v.t. a clasifica, a clasa - action - acionare n judecat m numele unui grup de persoane cu interese comune ~ struggle/warfare - lupt de clas classical adj. clasic ~ economics economie clasic ~ unemployment - omaj clasic classification s. clasificare ~ certificate - certificat de clas (a navei) ~ of ships - clasificare a navelor

~ society - societate de clasificare, registru naval/maritim ~ surveyor - inspector de registru/clasificare classified adj. clasificat ~ advertisement - mica publicitate ~ common stock - (SUA) aciuni cu sau fr drept de vot ~ document - document oficial secret ~ telephone directory - pagini naionale (anuar) classify v.t. a clasifica clause s. clauz, articol, prevedere, stipulaie (n contract) claused adj. cu clauze ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament cu rezerve/meniuni clean adj. curat, far rezerve/meniuni ~ 'acceptance - accept (cambie) curat/ far rezerve/meniuni ~ bill of exchange - cambie curat/far rezerve/meniuni ~ bill of health - patent de sntate curat/far rezerve/meniuni ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament curat/far rezeve/meniuni ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur de produse albe"; marf curat ~ charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire curat/far rezerve/meniuni ~ credit - credit deschis/fr garanie (fr documente nsoitoare pentru o cambie tras asupra nnei bncf) ~ receipt - recipis de livrare net ~ ship - nav curat (dup carantin); petrolier de produse albe" ~ tonnage tonaj curat (la petroliere) clear adj. 1. curat; liber 2. net s. spaiu liber v.t. 1. a lichida (o nav) n vam 2. a lichida, a solda (mrfuri) 3. a

CLE-CLO

63

compensa (un cec printr-o cas de compensaie) 4. a realiza un beneficiu net de 5. a plti (o datorie) 6. a defria (un teren) v.i. a face formalitile (vamale) de sosire sau plecare (despre o nav) - days - zile libere (fr prima i ultima zi a perioadei contractuale) ~ estate proprietate neipotecat ~ of debts - fr datorii ~ profit - profit net ~ tare - greutate real a tarei clearance s. 1. (mar.) lichidare n vam 2. lichidare, soldare (de mrfuri) ~ agent - agent de lichidare n vam ~ certifcate - certificat de lichidare n vam ~ iirwards - lichidare n vam \a sosire ~ outwars - lichidare n vam la plecare ~ papers - documente de lichidare n vam ~ sale - lichidare a soldurilor, soldare clearing s. 1. (fin.) cliring, compensaie 2. (mar.) lichidare n vam 3. defriare ~ account - cont de cliring ~ agent - agent de lichidare n vam ~ agreement - acord de cliring ~ bank - banc de cliring ~ house cas de compensaie, ofciu de cliring ~ - out sale - lichidare a soldurilor, soldare ~ system - sistem de cliring ~ transactions - tranzacii n cliring clerical adj. de birou ~ error - greeal de copiere ~ staffpersonal de birou ~ work - munc de birou

clerk s. 1. fimcionar (de birou) 2. (SUA) vnztor ~ of the court - grefier ~ (of the court)'s offce - grefa ~ of (the) works - efde antier client s. client ~ account - (cont.) cont al clientului clientage v. clientele clientele s. clientel ~ effect - (fin.) efect de clientel (atragerea unui anumit tip de investitori n funcie de politica de dividende) clinch v.t. a ncheia (o afacere) cloakroom s. 1. garderob 2. cas de bagaje clone s. clon (produs identic cu altul) close adj. L nchis 2. slrns, apropiat s. ncheiere, sfrit v.t. 1. a nchide; a ncheia 2. (down) a nceta (activiatea); a reprima, a lua msuri represive mpotriva 3. (out) a lichida, a solda (mrfuri) v.i. fwith^ a accepta (o ofert), a ncheia (o afacere) ~ company - societate nchis (controlat de cinci sau mai puini acionari) ~ price - (bur.) pre strns (cnd ntre preul cerut i cel oferit este o diferen mic) ~ substitute - nlocuitor apropiat (al produsului autentic) closed adj. nchis ~ company - societate nchis (conlrolat de cinci sau mai puini acionari) ~ economy - economie nchis/ autarhic ~ - end fund - fond mutual nchis (care emite un numr limitat de

64

CLO-COA

aciuni, tranzacionate prin burs, pe care nu le mai rscumpr) ~ market - pia nchis ~ sea - mare nchis/interioar ~ shop - ntreprindere nchis (care nu
angajeaz muncitori nesindicalizai)

~ union - sindicat nchis (care accept n condiii restrictive noi membri) ~ - up fund - fond mutual nchis (care nu mai emite achmi, ci le rscumpr pe cele deja vndute) closedown s. ncetare a activitii; ntrerupere a lucrului (ca unnare a nchiderii ntreprinderii) closely adv. strns, nchis ~ held corporation - (SUA) corporaie uchis (deinut de un numr mic de persoane) closeout s. lichidare, soldare (de mrfuri) closing s. nchidere; ncheiere, sfrit ~ bid - ultimul pre oferit (la licitaie), ultima licitare ~ date - termen final ~ declaration - declaraie vamal final ~ - down sale - lichidare a stocului naintea nchiderii (unei ntreprinderi) - entry - (cont.) articol de nchidere ~ price - pre la nchiderea bursei, ultimul curs ~ stock - (con.) stoc la inventariere ~ time - (com.) or de nchidere cluster s. gmp ~ analysis - analiz de grup ftehnic de analiz statistic prin intermediul creia o mostr este ncadrat ntr-o serie de grupuri cu anumite trsturi comune) ~ sample - eantion concentrat

coal s. crbune v.i. a face plinul de crbuni, a bunchera (despre o nav) ~ basin/field bazin carbonifer, zcmnt de crbuni ~ mine/pit - min de crbuni - ship - nav de crbuni, carbonier coaler s. nav sau tren pentru transportul crbunilor coast s. coast, litoral v.i. a naviga de-a lungul coastei coastal adj. costier, de coast; de cabotaj ~ fleet - flot de cabotaj - freight - mrfuri de cabotaj; navlu pentru mriuri de cabotaj ~ hovercraft - nav de coast pe pem deaer ~ line - linie de cabotaj ~ ship/vessel - nav de cabotaj, cabotier ~ shipping - cabotaj; transport de cabotaj; nave de cabotaj ~ tonnage - tonaj de cabotaj - trade - comer de cabotaj ~ traftc - cabotaj, trafic maritim costier ~ waters - ape costiere coaster s. nav de cabotaj, cabotier coasting s. navigaie costier, cabotaj - barge - lep maritim costier ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur de cabotaj ~ certificate - certificat de cabotaj - fishery - pescuit costier ~ ship/vessel - nav de cabotaj, cabotier ~ trade - comert de cabotaj - voyage - voiaj de cabotaj coastwise adj. costier, de cabotaj adv. de-a lungul coastei

COA-COL

65

~ fleet - flot de cabotaj ~ freighter - cargou de cabotaj ~ sea lane - drum maritim costier, linie de cabotaj - ship/vessel - nav de cabotaj, cabotier ~ shipping - cabotaj; transport de cabotaj; nave de cabotaj - trade - comer de cabotaj ~ voyage - voiaj de cabotaj code s. l. cod, corp de legi 2. cod; cifru; sistem de semnalizare ~ s of conduct - coduri de conduit (seturi de reguli pentru comportamentul din diferite profesiuni) coefficient s. coeficient, indice, factor coemption s. acaparare a mrfii (n vederea controlrii preurilor) coffer-y. seif coin s. moned v.t., v.i. a bate (moned) ~ and bullion - (fin.) rezerve metalice n monede i lingouri ~ circulation - circulaie monetar/a monedelor ~ of legal fneness - moned cu titlu legal coinage s. 1. fabricare/batere de monede 2. sistem monetar coiner s. falsificator de bani coinsurance s. coasigurare cold adj. rece s. frig ~ carrier - agent frigorific ~ room - camer frigorific ~ storage - conservare prin frig - storage trade - industria frigului ~ store - antrepozit frigorific collapse s. colaps; faliment v.i. a intra n colaps; a da faliment

collateral adj. colateral, secundar, auxihar s. garanie colateral, colateral (pentru un mprumut) ~ acceptance - accept/cambie de garanie colateral (pentru un mprumut) ~ loan - mprumut cu garanie colateral ~ note - (fin.) bilet la ordin de garanie colateral ~ security - garanie colateral (pentru un mprumut) ~ trust bond - (SUA) obligaiune cu garanie colateral detinut de un
depozitar

collect v.t. 1. a strnge, a colecta (impozite, taxe) 1. a coleciona adj. cu tax invers (despre o convorbire
telefonic)

collection s. 1. strngere, colectare (a impozitelor, a taxelor); ncasare 2. colect, chet 3. colecjie ~ advice - aviz de ncasare ~ and delivery - serviciu de ridicare i livrare la domiciliu - department - serviciu de ncasri ~ of payments - incaso ~ of samples - colecie de mostre ~ on delivery - cu ramburs ~ order - dispoziie de ncasare - pattern - model al ncasrii debitorilor collective adj. colectiv ~ agreement - acord colectiv ~ bargaining - negociere a contractului colectiv de munc ~ contract - contract colectiv ~ farm - gospodrie agricol colectiv ~ farmer - colectivist - housing unit - imobil cu locuine

66

COL-COM

~ labour agreement - convenie colectiv de munc ~ ownership - proprietate colectiv ~ policy - poli de asigurare colectiv collectivism s. colectivism collectivize v.t. a colectiviza collector s. 1. agent fiscal, perceptor; ncasator 2. colectionar ~ of customs - vame ~ of taxes - agent fiscal collier s. 1. miner (din minele de crbuni) 2. nav de crbuni, carbonier colliery s. min de crbuni collision s. coliziune, ciocnire; (mar.) abordaj ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza abordajului ~ damage - avarie de abordaj ~ risk - risc de abordaj collusion s. coluziune, coniven (cooperare ntre firme independente pentru a influena concurena) collusive adj. stabilit prin coluziune ~ oligopoly - oligopol instituit prin coluziune ~ tendering - oferte stabilite prin coluziune (care simuleaz o fals concuren) colonial adj. colonial ~ market - pia colonial ~ trade - comert colonial colonialism s. colonialism colony s. colonie column s. 1. (cont.) coloan 2. rubric, articol (de ziar) columnar adj. cu coloane ~ cash book - registru de cas cu coloane combative adj. combativ

~ advertising - publicitate combativ/ persuasiv combination s. 1. uniune, asociaie 2. fuzionare; absorbie, preluare (a unei societi de o alta mai mare) combined adj. combinat ~ carrier - vrachier combinat (minereu - petrol sau crbune - minereu i minereu - marf n vrac petrol) ~ oil-bulk-ore - nav combinat tip OBO (pentru petrol marf n vrac - minereu) come v.i. 1. a veni; a ajunge 2. (do\vn) a se ieftini; a fi n criz/jen fmanciara; a-i merge ru afacerile 3. (in) a intra ntr-o funcie, a ocupa un post 4. (into) a intra n (vigoare, posesie etc.) 5. (mt) a aprea, a fi publicat (despre cri, ziare); a intra n grev 6. (to) a se ridica la, a se cifra la comfort s. sprijin, recomandare ~ letter - scrisoare de recomandare (pentru nlesnirea unui mprumut) command s. comand, ordin v.t. 1. a comanda, a ordona 2. a aduce (un ctig; despre o marf) 3. a dispune de (bani, resurse etc.) ~ economy - economie centralizat/ planificat commerce s. comer commercial adj. comercial s. 1. reclam, anun publicitar (la radio i televiziune) 2. pl. aciuni ale societilor cu profil comercial - agency - agenie comercial ~ assets - active comerciale/de exploatare ~ agent - agent/reprezentant comercial ~ attache/counsellor - ataat comercial

)M

67

aviation - aviaie civil bank banc comercial bill - cambie comercial car/vehicle - vehicul comercial/ alitar, utilitar cause - litigiu comercial code cod comercial correspondence coresponden Mnercial court - tribunal comercial credit - credit comercial credit company - societate de credit Mnercial custom/usage - uzan comercial directory - anuar al societtilor xnerciale dock - doc comercial fleet - flot comercial geography - geografie comercial grade - calitate comercial harbour/port - port comercial house cas de comer invoice - factur comercial hw - drept comercial tetter of credit - scrisoare de credit nmercial load - ncrctur comercial lanager director comercial ;Barine - marin comercial lonopoly - monopol comercial yaper - efect de comert fprecint - (SUA) zon/spaiu comer-

cial()
risk - risc comercial school - coal comercial Services - servicii comerciale set - (mar.) set de documente comerciale ship/vessel - nav comercial

~ shipping - flot comercial; comert maritim ~ speed - vitez comercial ~ traffc - trafic comercial - traveller - comis-voiajor ~ treaty - tratat comercial ~ value - valoare comercial/la preul pieei comercialism s. 1. spirit comercial, mercantilism 2. practic/uzan comercial 3. expresie folosit n limbajul comercial commercialize v.t. a comercializa commission s. 1. comisie 2. mputemicire, delegare; mandat, delegaie 3. comision 4. armare (a unei nave) v.t. 1. a mputemici, a delega, a mandata; a numi ntr-o funcie 2. a arma (o nav) ~ agent - comisionar ~ broker - (SUA) agent de burs ~ contract - contract de comision ~ house - cas/firm de brokeri ~ merchant - comerciant comisionar ~ past us - comision pentru terti ~ sale - vnzare pe baz de comision to carry out a ~ - a ndeplini un mandat to do ~ business - a face afaceri pe baz de comision to put a ship out of ~ - a scoate o nav din exploatare to sell on ~ - a vinde pe baz de comision commissionaire s. curier, comisionar comipissioner s. 1. membru al unei comisii (guvemamentale, parlamentare) 2. comisar; delegat, mputemicit ~ s of inland revenue - fisc committee s. comitet, comisie ~ of management - comitet de direcie

68

COM

~ of supply - (SUA) comisie financiar ~ of ways and means - (SUA) comisie bugetar commodity s. marf, produs, bun (de
larg consum)

~ cost - (cont.) cost comun (atribuibil mai multor produse etc.) ~ customs tariff - tarif vamal comun
(n CEE)

~ agreements - acorduri privind schimbul de mrfuri ~ broker - broker la bursa de mrfuri ~ capital - capital-marf ~ circulation - circulaie a mrfurilor ~ dollar - dolar-marf ~ exchange - burs de mrfuri - futures - operaii la termen cu mrfuri ~ market - pia de mrfuri (mai ales de alimente i materii prime) ~ money - moned-marf ~ paper - (SUA) documente comerciale pentru schimbul de mrfuri
(instrumente negociabile inute drept garanie pentru mprumuturile destinate finanrii importurilor)

~ external tariff - tax vamal comunitar (aplicat de o pia

comunitar sau o uniune vamal)

-labour - fort de munc necalificat - law - drept cutumiar Common Market - Piaa Comun ~ ownership - proprietate social/obteasc

- prices system - sistem de preuri comune ~ pricing - stabilire de preuri comune

(pentru a evita concurena); oferte comune (stabilite pentru coluziune,

~ production - producie de mrfuri ~ rates - (mar.) navlu difereniat (pentru mrfuri care se transport regulat n cantiti mari) ~ standard - (fn.) etalon-marf common adj. 1. comun; general 2. obtesc, public s. drept de folosin comun/obteasc (a pmntului, a punilor); pmnt/pune comun() ~ adventure - (asig. mar.) risc comun (attpentru nav, ct i pentru caric) ~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie particular ~ business oriented language - limbaj de programare orientat pe probleme economice ~ carrier - cru comun

simulnd ofals concuren) ~ seal - tampil a firmei ~ shares/stock - aciuni comune ~ stock fund - fond mutual care administreaz aciuni comune commonage s. drept de folosin n comun (a pmntului, a punilor); pmnt/pune comun(); devlmie commonwealth s. comunitate de naiuni, federaie de state Commonwealth of Nations -Comunitatea Britanic de Naiuni Commonwealth preference faciliti vamale pentm statele-membre ale Comunitii Britanice de Naiuni communal adj. 1. comun, obtesc, colectiv; comunal 2. comunitar ~ agricultural organization - coope-rativ agricol communication s. 1. comunicare, transmitere; informaie, mesaj; legtur 2. pl. telecomunicaii 3. pl. ci de comunicaie (ciferate, osele etc.)

COM

69

- activity - trafic de informaii, telecomunicaii ~ line - linie de telecomunicaii ~ service telecomunicaii ~ strategy - strategie comunicaional (metode prin care comercianii realizeaz comunicarea cu pieele lor) ~ way - cale de comunicaie communism s. comunism community s. 1. comunitate 2. comu-nitate, posesiune n comun ~ chest - (SUA) fonduri de binefacere ~ investment - investiie comunitar/ obteasc ~ of interest - comunitate de interese commutation s. 1. nlocuire (a unui tip deplat cu altul) 1. (SUA) navet ~ ticket (SUA) abonament (la tren, autobu?.) company s. societate, companie ~ car main de serviciu ~ director - membru al consiliului de administraie ~ equity - capital propriu (al unei societ) ~ formation - constituire/nfiinare a unei societi ~ law - legislatia societilor comerciale ~ meeting - adunarea acionarilor ~ officer - funcionar din conducerea unei societi ~ promoter - fondator al unei societi ~ reserves - rezerve ale societii (constituite din profit) ~ seal - tampil a firmei ~ store - magazin al unei ntreprinderi (pentru angajaii acesteia) ~'s risk - risc al cruului

~ town - ora dependent de o ntreprindere (pentru locuri de munc, furnizare de cldur etc.) ~ union - sindicat pe societate; sindicat controlat de patronat comparative adj. comparativ ~ advantage - avantaj comparativ (principiu care consider c o ar sau o regiune ar trebui s se specializeze n producia i exportul acelor bunuri pentru care eficiena este relativ crescut, n comparaie cu alte bunuri i servicii) ~ advertising - publicitate compara-tiv ~ economics - economie comparat ~ statistics - statistic comparat compassionate adj. plin de compasiune, comptimitor - leave nvoire/concediu (scurt) pentru motive personale compensate v.. 1. a compensa 2. a despgubi compesation s. compensaie; desp-gubire ~ deal - tranzacie n compensaie ~ fund (bur.) fond de compensare ~ stocks aciuni de compensare (aciuni ale statului oferite n compen-saie acionarilor de la unele societai naonalizate) ~ trade - comert n compensaie compensatory adj. compensator, compensatoriu ~ damages - daune compensatorii ~ fnance - finanare a deficitului bugetar ~ tariff reductions - reduceri de compensaie ale taxelor vamale

70

compete v.i. a concura, a fi n concuren competence s. 1. competen, pricepere, calificare 2. (dr.) competen 3. situatie material bun competition s. concuren ~ policy - politic concurenial (impus de guvern pentru a combate
monopolurile)

competitor s. concurent ~ analysis - analiz a concurenei (de

ctrefirmele rivale)

complaint s. reclamaie ~ book - registm de reclamaii ~ section - serviciu de reclamaii complementary adj. complementar ~ demand - cerere complementara
(cerere de dou produse care se folosesc mpreun)

to face ~ - a face fa concurenei competitive adj. competitiv, concurential ~ advantage - avantaj competitiv (ideea conform creia punctele forte i slabe ale unei societi se pot determina numai prin comparaie cu
concurena)

~ balance - echilibrul concurenial (ntr-un sector industrial) ~ bidding - licitaie competitiv ~ demand - cerere concurenial (situaie n care dou sau mai multe produse concureaz pentru satisfacerea cererii pieei)

~ supply - ofert complementar (ofert de dou sau mai multe produse care sunt rezultatul aceluiai proces de produc-ie) complete adj. complet; total v.. a ncheia, a termina , ~ breakdown - scoatere complet/ definitiv din funciune ~ disability - invaliditate total ~ markets - (fin.) piee complete (portofolii care cuprind orice tip doril
de ctigur)

completely adv. complet, n ntregime ~ built up - complet asamblat (despre

utilaje care, la vdm.are, sunt gata de folosin imediat)

- examination - concurs, examen prin concurs (pentru ocuparea unui post

vacant)

~ market - pia concurenial ~ need - nevoie de bunuri competitive ~ pricing - stabilire a preurilor prin concuren ~ situation - situaie concurenial - strategy - strategie de lupt mpotriva concurenei - supply - ofert concurenial (situaie n care mijloacele de pro-ducie sunt limitate, iar productorii a dou sau mai multe mrfuri concureaz pentru utilizarea lor) competitiveness s. competitivitate

~ knocked down - complet dezasamblat (despre utilaje livrate dezasamblate) compliance s. conformitate, acord, consimmnt, aprobare ~ examination - inspectare/verificare a respectrii legislaiei n vigoare comply v.i. (with) a se conforma (cerinelor, regulilor etc.); a consimi s/la, a-i da consimmntul la composite adj. compozit, compus; mixt, combinat s. combinaie, amestec; pl. date compuse (care grupeaz

COM-CON

71

informaii din mai multe sectoare, domeni)

~ cargo - caric/ncrctur mixt() ~ demand - cerere combinat/ alternativ (cerere de produse ori factori deproducie interanjabili) ~ supply - ofert combinat (ofert a unui produs care provine din dou sau mai multe surse ori metode de fabricaie; ofert de dou sau mai multe produse care satisfac acelai tip de cerere, fiind nlocuitori apropiai unul pentru cellalt) ~ train - tren mixt (de cltori i
marf)

comptroller v. controller compulsion s. constrngere compulsory adj. obligatoriu; fortat, silit, impus ~ acquisition/purchase/surrender expropriere ~ licence - licen obligatorie (asupra
unui brevet de invenie)

composition s. 1. compoziie; stmctur alctuire 2. (dr.) convenie, concordat (acord ntre un debitor i creditorii si privitor la lichidarea datoriilor prin
plata unei sume mai mici dect

ntreaga datorie angajat); sum achitat (n baza unei asemenea nelegeri) compound adj. compus, mixt s. compus v..l. a combina; a compune, a alctui 2. a retrage (o acuzaie n schimbul unei compensaii materiale) 3. a achita partial (o datorie) v.i. a ajunge la un compromis (cu creditorii), a ncheia un concordat ~ bonus - (asig.) prim compus ~ entry - (cont.) articol recapitulativ ~ interest - dobnd compus ~ tariff - tarif compus/mixt (combinaie ntre taxa ad valorem i o tax vamal specific) comprehensive adj. cuprinztor ~ offer - ofert cuprinztoare/ amnunit ~ policy - poli de asigurare general

~ sale - vnzare/executare silit (la licitaie) ~ winding-up - lichidare judiciar compute v.t., v.i. a calcula; a evalua, a estima computer s. calculator, computer - - aided/- assisted manufacture fabricare asistat de calculator ~ - aided/assisted trading - (bur.) tranzactii asistate de calculator computerize v.t. a computeriza concealment s. ascundere, disimulare (a activelor de catre un falit, a adevrului de ctre un asigurat etc.) concentrated adj. concentrat - segmentation - segmentare concentrat, marketing al nielor de pia
(identificarea i exploatarea unui segment ngust de pia)

concentration s. concentrare (proces

prin care sectoarele industriale sunt tot mai putemic dominate de cteva firme mari)

~ account - cont de concentrare (cont de depozit n care se vireaz periodic sume de bani) ~ bank - banc de concentrare (a fondurilor din alte bnc) ~ of industry - concentrare a industriei
(concentrarea unor sectoare industriale n anumite zone n funcie de

72________________________

sursele de materii prime, profilul pieelor etc.) ~ ratio - rat de concentrare (care arat procentul n care un sector industrial este dominat de cteva mari societi sau msura concurenei pe pieele bancare) concept s. concept, idee ~ testing - (com.) testare a conceptului concern s. 1. legtur, relaie 2. interes, participare (ntr-o afacere) 3. concem; ntreprindere, societate concession s. 1. concesie 2. concesiune concessionaire s. concesionar concessionary adj., s. concesionar conciliation s. conciliere, arbitraj ~ board - consiliu de arbitraj conciliator 5'. arbitru, mediator conclude v.. 1. a termina, a sfri 2. a ncheia (o afacere); a semna (un contract) 3. a conchide, a deduce conclusion s. 1. terminare, sfrti 2. ncheiere (a unei afaceri); semnare (a unui contract) 3. concluzie; decizie fmal condition s. 1. condiie 2. stare, situaie 3. poziie social 4. clauz, prevedere, stipulatie (a unei convenii) v.t. 1. a condiiona 2. a prevedea, a stipula v.i.a pune condiii, a stipula o condiie ~ of cargo - stare a caricului/ ncrcturii - of contents unknown - starea coninutului necunoscut (despre o
marf ambalat)

~ subsequent - (dr.) condii^ rezolutorie ~ s agreed upon - condiii convenite ~ s of contract - condiii contractuale ~ s of membership - conditii di adeziune ~ s of sale - condiii de vnzare (i contractele de vnzare de mrfuri) conditional adj. conditional ^ ~ acceptance - (com.) acceptai^ conditional (a unei oferte de ctri cumprtor dac primete unelt
faciliti) '

~ of the market - situaie pe pia, conjunctur ~ precedent - (dr.) condiie suspensiv

~ bond - obligaiune condiional/dubl ~ endorsement - andosare condiio nal ~ sale - vnzare condiional conduct s. conducere, dirijare; administrare v.t. a conduce, a dirija; l administra ~ money - (dr.) cheltuieli de deplasan (pentru un martor) conductor s. 1. director; administrato) 2. taxator; conductor 3. ghid, nsoitor conference s. 1. conferin; congres convenie 2. cartel maritim ~ call - conferin telefonic ~ carrier - cru asociat (la un cartd maritim) ~ rates - navluri de linie ~ ship/vessel - nav de cartel maritim ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) d( cartel maritim confidential adj. confidenial ~ clerk - funcionar de ncredere - report - raport confidenial confidentiality x. confidenialitate ~ clause - clauza confidenialiti
(ntr-un contract de angajare)

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73

confirm v.t. 1. a confirma; a atesta, a adeveri 2. a ratifica, a valida confrmed adj. 1. confirmat; atestat, adeverit 2. ratificat, validat ~ irrevocable credit - (com.) credit irevocabil confirmat ~ letter of credit - acreditiv confirmat confiscate v.t. a confisca; a sechestra conflict s. conflict; contradiie; incompatibilitate v.i. a fi n conflict/ contradictie, a fi incompatibil - of interests - conflict de interese ~ of laws - conflict de legi, contradictie ntre legi congeneric adj. congener ~ merger - fuziune congener (ntre firme din aceeai industrie n care partenerii de fuziune nu sunt nici clienii, nici furnizorii uneia dintre ele) conglomerate s. conglomerat ~ amalgamation/merger - fuziune-conglomerat (ntre societi din industrii diferite) congress s. congres conjoint adj. asociat, combinat ~ analysis - analiz asociat (tehnic de lucru utilizat n dezvoltarea noilor produse) conscience s. contiin ~ money - bani de contiin (sum trimis anonim de cineva pentru plata unor impozite de la care iniial s-a eschivat) consecutive adj. consecutiv, succesiv ~ days - zile consecutive/curgtoare finclusiv duminicile i srbtorile
legale)

~ contract - contract consensual ~ obligation - obligaie consensual consequential adj. care decurge/ rezult ~ damages - daune indirecte (oferite drept compensaie pentru. nerespectarea obligaiilor contractuale) ~ loss policy - poli de asigurare indirect a pierderii, poli de asigurare mpotriva ntreruperii afacerii (cauzat
de un accident major)

conservative adj. 1. conservator 2. prudent; moderat - accounting - contabilitate pmdent ~ estimate - evaluare pmdent ~ investment - investi-ie cu risc sczut conservator s. 1. custode, paznic 2. lichidator (numit de instan pentru a nchide ofirmfalit) 3. tutore consideration s. 1. consideraie, stim 2. considerare, studiere; considerent, motiv 3. remuneraie, plat; compensaie 4. (dr.) contraprestaie ~ for sale - pre de vnzare consign v.t. 1. a preda, a remite; a expedia (mrfuri); a trimite (mrfuri) m consignaie 2. a ncredina, a consemna 3. a depune (o sum) consignee s. consignatar, destinatar,
primitor (al mrfii)

~ voyage charter party - contract de navlosire pe voiaje consecutive consensual adj. consensual

~ 's risk - pe riscul destinatarului consigner v. consignor consignment s. 1. lot/ncrctur expediat(); partid de mrfuri 2. expediere (de marfa) n consignaie ~ account - (cont.) cont de consignaie ~ invoice - factur de consignaie ~ note - fraht, scrisoare de trsur ~ warehouse - antrepozit de consignaie

~ prices - preuri stabile construction s. 1. construire; construo| consignor s. consignator, expeditor (al ie, cldire 2. interpretare (a unei legi) mrfii) ~ industry - industria construciilor consolidate v.t. 1. a consolida, a ~ management - amenajare de antied unifica (societi); a aborda n grup (o ~ of ships - construcii navale societate-mam cu filialele ei n ~ policy - poli de asigurare a navei scopuri contabile) 2. a consolida (datoconstrucie ria public) ~ site - antier de construcie consolidated adj. consolidat ~ time - termen de execuie (a une^ -accounts - conturi consolidate lucrri de construcie) - annuities/stock - titluri de rent constructive adj. 1. constructiv 2 consolidat dedus, prezumat, estimat ~ balance sheet - bilan consolidat ~ possession - (dr.) posesie cu titk 1 (bilanzil unui grup, ntocmit prin legal unificarea bilanurilor tuturor filialelor - total loss - (asig. mar.) pierdert componente) total prezumat/interpretat ' - financial statpments - (cont.) situaii ~ trust - (dr.) tutel prezumatS financiare consolidate implicit consolidation ^. 1. fuziune, unificare (a consuetudinary adj. consuetudinar, unor societi); consolidare, abordare n cutumiar grup (a unei societi~ law - drept consuetudinar/cutumiar -mam cu filialele ei n scopuri consuls. consul contabile) 2. consolidare (a datoriei ~ general - consul general publice) 3. (dr.) consolidare (stingere consulage s. taxe consulare a unui drept de uzufruct prin consular adj. consular ntrunirea, n aceeai persoan, a ~ agent - agent consular calitii de uzufructuar i de nud ~ certification - legalizare consular proprietar) ~ declaration - declaraie consular consols s. pl. titluri de rent conso~ fees - taxe consulare lidat - invoice - factur consular consortium s. consortiu - jurisdiction - jurisdicie consular ~ agreement - acord de consoriu ~ office - consulat ~ bank - banc de consortiu ~ passenger - pasager repatriat (prif conspicuous adj. ostentativ, vdit consulat) ~ consumption - consum ostentativ ~ visa - viz consular consulate adj. consulat (nemotivat de necesiti, slimulat de ~ general - consulat general dorina confirmrii unei poziii sociale
74 ________________________

superioare)

constant adj. constant; stabil ~ capital - capital constant - cost - cost constant/fix

CON

75

consultant s. consultant; specialist, expert; consilier consultative adj. consultativ ~ vote - vot consultativ consulting adj. consultant - engineer - inginer consultant consumable adj., s. consumabil consume v.t. a consuma consumer s. consumator - acceptance - acceptare (a unui produs) de consumatori ~ behaviour - comportament al consumatorului ~ credit - credit de consum (acordat pentru cumprarea de bunuri' de consum i servicii) ~ demand - cerere a consumatorilor ~ durables - bunuri de folosin ndelungat ~ finance company - societate pentru acordarea de credite consumatorilor/ persoanelor fizice - goods - bunuri de consum ~ loyalty - loialitate a consumatorului ffa de o marca) ~ non-durables - produse de folosin imediat - preference - preferin a consumatorilor ~ price index - indice de pre al consumatorului (wdicele preurilor cu afnnuntul) ~ profile - profil al consumatorilor ~ protection - protecie a consumatorilor ~ research - cercetare a preferinelor consumatorilor ~ resistance - rezisten/pasivitate a consumatorilor

~ strike - grev a consumatorilor, boicotare (a unui produs) de ctre consumatori ~ 's sovereignty - suveranitate a consumatorilor (alocarea resurselor ntr-o economie iber n funcie de preferinele consumatorilor) ~ 's surplus - surplus al consumatorului/cumprtorului (diferena dintre preu pe care cumprtorul intenioneaz s-l ofere pentru un anumit produs i preul pe care l pltete n realitate) consumerism s. consumerism consumption s. consum ~ curve - curba consumului ~ function - functia consumului ~ goods - bunuri de consum ~ habits - obiceiuri ale consumatorilor/n materie de consum ~ rate - norm de consum ~ tax - impozit pe consum - unit - unitate de consum container s. container ~ capacity - capacitate n continuare (a unei nave portcontainere) ~ carrier/ship/vessel - cargou-container, nav portcontainere ~ cell - celul de container (pe navele portcontainere) - dimensions - dimensiuni (standard) de container ~ storage - depozitare n containere containerizable adj. containerizabil ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur containerizabil() containerization s. containerizare containerize v.t. a containeriza, a introduce (mrfuri) n containere

~ interest - (dr.) drept de proprietd condiionat contamination s. (asig. mar.) conta~ liabilities - (cont.) pasiv condiiofl minare (a caricului, n special cu ap eventual I de mare) continuation s. 1. continuari contango s. (bur.) contango, report (la prelungire 2. (hur.) contango bursa de valori, amnarea achitrii ~ account - (bur.) report i unei datorii, prin plaa unei dobnz.i, - clause - (asig.) clauza prelungiri 1 pn la urmtoarea lichidare; la bursa continurii de mrfuri, diferena dintre preul spot ~ day - zi de contango i preul forward saufutures) continue v.t. 1. a continua, a prelun( ~ day - zi de contango 2. (dr.) a amna 3. (bur.) a reporta contemptuous adj. dispreuitor continuous adj. continuu, permanent ~ damages - daune nensemnate/nule ~ audit - audit permanent (decise de instan) ~ customary dispatch - (moa contention s. 1. disput, litigiu 2. celeritate uzual fr ntrempere concuren, rivalitate ~ employment - angajare contint contentious adj. litigios (perioad de funcionare nentrerupt continental adj. continental la o firma, folosit pentru calculan - cover - acoperire continental unor beneficii) (asigurare auto britanic oferit per~ (flow) production - producie m fli soanelor care se deplaseaz pe continuu continentul european) ~ improvement - (man.) mbuntii ~ port - port continental continu ~ shelf - platou continental ~ inventory/stocktaking - invent contingency s. 1. eventualitate, continuu/permanent posibilitate; caz neprevzut, accident 2. ~ markets - piee continue (pie^ cheltuial neprevzut financiare care permit ca operaiile i ~ account/fund/reserve - (cont.) fond fie execuae oricnd n decursul un de prevedere zile de tranzacionare) contingent adj. eventual, posibil; contra prep. contra s. 1. (cont.) contr neprevzut, accidental; condiionat ~ cont 2. (com.) barter 3. (fin.) parten annuity - anuitate aleatorie (a unei polie de (intr-o tranzacie cu titluri de valoare, asigurare de via, a crei plat este contraband s. contraband; mrfuri ( condiionat de producerea unui eveniment) contraband adj.de contraband ~ control - control vamal mpotrr -assets - active eventuale contrabandei; combatere a contraba ~ beneficiary - beneficiar condiionat dei {beneficiar ale crui interese sunt - goods - mrfuri de contraband ~ of condiionate de producerea unui eveniment) war - contraband de rzboi ~ expenses - cheltuieli neprevzute
76_________________________

CON

77

~ trade - comert de contraband contrabandist s. contrabandist contract s. contract v.t. 1. ancheia (un contract) 2. a contracta (o obligaie, un mprumut etc.); a face (datorii) 3. a reduce, a restrnge (cheltuieli) v.i. a ncheia un contract - bond - scrisoare de garanie bancar de bun executare a contractului - by deed/under seal - contract sub sigiliu privat ~ carrier ~ cru, transportator ~ date - dat contractual ~ department - raion cu vnzare angro
(la un mare ma.gaz.in)

~ for a work - antrepriz ~ freight - (mar.) navlu contractual ~ horizon - durat de execuie/derulare a unui contract ~ labour - mn de lucru angajat pe termen lung ~ law - drept contractual ~ lien - dreptul contractual de retenie ~ note - (bur.) borderou (de cumprare sau vnzare de aciuni) ~ of agency - contract de agenie/comision ~ penalty - penalizare contractual ~ price - pre contractual ~ service - serviciu contractual ~ speed - vitez contractual ~ supplies - livrri contractuale - value - valoare contractual ~ work lucrare n antrepriz contraction s. 1. contractare, ncheiere pe baz de contract 2. contractare (a unei obligaii, a unui mprumut etc.) 3. reducere, restrngere (a cheltuielilor)

contractor s. contractant, parte contractant; antreprenor; fumizor contractual adj. contractual ~ obligations - obligaii contractuale ~ rent - chirie contractual contrarian s. (SUA) contrarian (persoan care urmeaz o strategie contrar unor opiuni logice) contravener s. contravenient contravention s. contravenie contribution s. 1. contribuie 2. impozit, tax ~ margin - (fn.) maij de contribuie (contribuia la costurile fixe sau venitul rmas dup plata costuriorfixe) ~ to general average - (asig. mar.) contribuie la avaria comun contributOK. 1. contribuabil 2. colaborator (la o revist, un ziar) contributory adj. contributiv, contributoriu; cotizant s. acionar; acionar care contribuie la plata datoriilor (n
caz de lichidare a societii)

~ insurance - asigurri sociale din fonduri salariale ~ mortgage - ipotec contributiv/colectiv (ipotec dat unui singur creditor, alctuit prin contribuiile mai multor persoane) ~ negligence - (dr.) neglijen culpabil ~ pension scheme - plan de pensii contributiv control s. 1. control (financiar, vamal etc.) 2. reglementare 3. control (exercitat de acionarul sau grupul de acionari care deine mai mult de 50% din aciunile unei societi) v.t. 1. a controla, a verifica 2. a reglementa 3. a dirija (moneda, piaa etc.)

78

CON-Cfl

~ account - (cont.) cont de control/rectific are ~ stamp - marc de control ~ snrvey - expertiz contradictorie controller s'. controlor; revizor; inspector conurbation s. conurbaie convene v.t. a aduna, a reuni; a convoca (o adunare) v.i. a se aduna, a se ntruni convenience s. nlesnire, utilitate, comoditate ~ goods - alimente pentru consum rapid, fast foods (alimente special ambalate i preparate pentru a fi consumate imediat) ~ store - magazin de cartier (care se adreseaz clientelei dintr-o anumit zon i are program prelungit) conversion s. 1. (fin.) conversie, conversiune (schimbarea condiiilor unui mprumut; emiterea de noi titluri pentru a nlocui alte titluri) 1. (dr.) apropriere, uzurpare ~ cost - cost de producie (manoper i cheltuieli indirecte) ~ loan - mprumut de conversiune ~ price - pre de conversie (preul efectiv pltit pentru aciunile comune atunci cnd sunt obinute prin
conversia aciunilor prefereniale sau a obligaiunilor convertibile)

prefereniale sau a unei obligai^

convertibile)

~ table - tabel de transformri {pevA uniti de msur aparinnd un sisteme diferite) convert v.. 1. a transforma 2. (fin.} converti, a schimba 3. (dr.) & apropria, a uzurpa convertibility s. (fin.) convertibilitate convertible adj. convertibil ~ bond - obligaiune convertih
(care, la scaden, poate fi schimba cu alte titluri n loc s fie pltit)

~ currency - moned convertibil ~ loan stock/securities - titluri i valoare convertibile (obligaiuni & aciuni prefereniale care pot
schimbate, la opiunea titularului,

aciuni comune ale societii emitentt convey v.t. 1. a transporta 2. {dr.) transmite (o proprietate) conveyance x. 1. transport; transporta 2. mijloc de transport, vehicul 3 (d transfer (al unei proprieti)', act transfer conveyancer s. avocat (care pregte^
actele n vederea unui transfer proprietate) conveyer v.conveyor

conveyor s. conveier, band transp<

toare

~ privilege - (asig.) privilegiu de conversie (dreptul unui individ, asigurat n grup, s ncheie o asigurare individual cnd asigurarea colectiv expir) ~ rate/ratio - rat/raport de conversie (numrul de aciuni comune care poate fi obinut prin conversia unei aciuni

coomb s. coomb (unitate de cap citate) cooperate v.t. a coopera, a colabora cooperation s. 1. cooperare, colabon 2. cooperatie cooperative adj. 1. comun, de. colaborare 2. cooperatist s. cooperatii ~ advertising - publicitate comu (colaborarea mai multorfirme pentn reduce cheltuielile n acest sector)

COO-COR

'9

- bank - cooperativ de credit - farm - cooperativ agricol de pro-ducie - marketing - marketing comun (al unui grup de productori care colaboreaz pentru lansarea mrfurilor lorpepia)

core . interior, miez, inim ~ activity/business - activitate principal/de baz ~ competence - (man.) competen de baz (a unei societi) ~ equity - capital propriu esenial (al
unei societ)

~ shop/store - cooperativ de consum ~ society - societate cooperatist, cooperativ ~ system - sistem cooperatist, cooperaie coownership s. coproprietate ~ of industry - acordare de actiuni angajatilor (la societatea n care
lucreaz)

~ workers - (man.) muncitori eseniali

(cu sarcini deosebite) i responsabiliti

copartner s. coasociat, copartener copartnership s. asociaie ~ of industry - acordare de aciuni angajailor (la societatea n care
lucreaz)

corkage ^. tax pentru buturile nfundate (servite n restaurant) corn s. 1. cereale, grne 2. (SUA) porumb ~ and dry measure - msur de capacitate pentm cereale i mrfuri pulverulente ~ chandler - comerciant de cereale (cu amnuntul) ~ dealer - cerealist, comerciant de
cereale (cu ridicata)

copper s. 1. cupm, aram; moned de aram 2. pl. aciuni ale unei societi de exploatare a cuprului ~ - bottomed - sigur, solid, cu acoperire (din punct de vedere
financiar)

copy s. copie; exemplar v.t., v.i. a copia ~ paper - hrtie indigo/carbon copybook s. registru sau dosar coninnd copii de acte/documente copyright s. drept de autor (pentru operele literare, muzicale, artistice) adj. protejat de drepturile de autor, cu dreptul de publicatie rezervat v.t. a-i rezerva drepturile de autor pentru (o carte, un disc etc.) ~ reserved - toate drepturile rezervate copywriter s. redactor (de reclame, anunuri)

~ exchange - burs de cereale ~ market - pia de cereale ~ trade - comer cu cereale corner 5'. acaparare (de mrfuri, aciuni pentru a exercita controlul asupra preurilor); monopol, monopolizare v.t. a acapara, a monopoliza (mrfuri, aciuni) v.i. a forma un monopol corporate adj. 1. corporativ; constituit, formnd o corporaie 2. corporatist ~ body - organ constituit, persoan juridic ~ campaign - campanie organizaional (campanie publicitar menit s
cultive imaginea unei companii n ansamblu)

~ culture - (man.) cultur/sistem de valori a(l) corporaiei, cultur organizaional

so_________________
~ customer - persoan juridic (client al unei bnc) ~ identity - (man.) identitatea corporaiei ~ image - (man.) imaginea corporatiei ~ income tax - (SUA) impozit pe profitul societii ~ logo - logo(gram) de corporaie ~ name nume social ~ planning - planificare corporativ ~ raider - (bur.) persoan fizic sau juridic ce ncearc s obin controlul asupra unei societi (prin cumprarea masiv i brusc de aciuni) -risk - risc corporativ (la alocarea capitalului, acesta reflect efectele unui proiect asupra riscului firmei, msurat ca efect asupra variabilitii profitului finnei) ~ seal - tapila firmei; sigla firmei ~ sector - sector corporativ/al corpo-ratiilor (n economie) ~ state - stat corporatist ~ strategy - strategie corporativ/a corporaiei ~ town - muncipalitate ~ trustee - instituie mandatat corporation s. 1. corporaie, persoan juridic 2. (SUA) corporaie (persoan juridic care funcioneaz separat i distinct de proprietarii i managerii si, avnd astfel avantajul unei existene nelimitate, transferabilitatea simpl a prilor sociale i rspundere limitat) 3. municipalitate ~ aggregate (dr.) corporaie colectiv (cu mai muli membri) ~ sole - (dr.) corporaie exclusiv (titular, cu personaitate juridic, al uneia dintre anumite funcii publice)

____________________COR-4

~ stock - obligaiuni municipale - tax - impozit pe societate corporatism s. corporatism corporator s. membru (fondator^ unei corporah corporeal adj. corporal ~ property - bunuri corporale correspondence s. 1. corespondq pot 2. organizaie-corespoiMJ
(instituie financiar care prestf servicii pentru alt organia financiar)

~ banking - sistem bancar cu activi corespondent ~ clerk - funcionar/secretar respoi bil cu corespondena ~ course - curs prin coresponden ~ department - serviciu de cores den correspondent s. 1. corespom (banc ce acioneaz ca agent penti
alt banc care nu are sucursale^

corespondent, reporter ~ bank banc - corespondent corruption s. corupie cost s. 1. cost; pre de cost 2. cheltuieli de judecat; cheltuieli v. evalua, a fixa preul v.i. a costa, a fa ~ accounting - contabilitatea costui ~ allocation - alocare a costui individuale (din costul total) ~ and freight - (mar.) cost i navlu ~ - benefit analysis - analiz c -beneficiu ~ centre - centm de cost (um creia i se pot aloca nite cos specifice) ~ efficiency - randament/reducere preului de cost - estimate - deviz estimativ

cos-cou
~, insurance, freight - cost, asigurare, navlu ~, insurance, freight and commission - cost, asigurare, navlu i comision ~, insurance, freight and exchange cost, asigurare, navlu i diferen de curs de schimb ~, insurance, freight, commission and interest - cost, asigurare, navlu, comision i dobnd ~ leader - lider de cost (firm care
deinefa de concurenii ei un avantaj important n ceea ceprivete costul)

81

~ of capital - cost al capitalului (media

costurilor comportate de diversele tipuri de capital al unei compani)

~ of credit - cost al creditului

(dobndd)

~ of debt - cost al datoriilor (rata

dobnzii noilor datorii emise)

~ of downtime - cost al timpului de ntrempere a produciei ~ of labour - cost al forei de munc ~ of living - cost al vieii ~ - of-living bonus - spor (salarial) pentm corelarea veniturilor cu evoluia indicelui costului vietii ~ - of-living index - indice al costului vieii ~ of new common equity - cost al noilor aciuni comune (rata rentabilitu lafondurile obinuteprin vnzarea de noi aciuni comune) ~ of retained earnings - cost al profitului nerepartizat/acumulat (rata rentabilitii solicitate de acionari pentru capitalurile proprii obinute de firm prin reinerea i reinvestirea
profitului)

~ per thousand - cost la mie (metod de calculare a cheltuielilor de publicitate pentru fiecare mie de cititori, asculttori etc.) ~ - plus method - metoda adugrii unei cote marginale fixe la preul de cost ~ price - pre de cost ~ (- push) inflation - inflatie provocat de creterea preurilor de cost ~ standards - nivel de cheltuieli prevzute ~ structure - structur a costului ~ unit unitate de cost coster v. costermonger costermonger s. negustor ambulant (de fructe, legume, pete etc.) costing s. calcul/stabilire a(l) preului de cost costliness s. scumpete, preuri ridicate cottage s. cas rneasc ~ industry industrie artizanal cotton s. bumbac ~ bale - bal/balot de bumbac ~ futures contracte futures cu bumbac ~ market - piaa bumbacului ~ mill fllatur de bumbac coulisse s. grup de brokeri neoficiali council s. consiliu ~ board - edin de consiliu ~ estate cartier de locuine aflat n administrarea autoritilor locale ~ tax - iaapozit local councillor s. 1. membru al unui consiliu 2. consilier counsellor s. 1. consilier 2. avocat ~ - at-law - avocat

j82________________________

cou-cq
coupon s. 1. cupon (ataat unui titlu valoare la purttor) 2. bon, tichet fi cartel) \ ~ bond obligamne cu cupoane f< dobnd) ^ ~ rate - rata cuponului (rd specificat a dobnzii unei obigaiun ~ sheet foaie de cupoane ; ~ stripping - desfiinare a cuponul (transformarea unei obigaiu obinuite ntr-una cu cupon zero) courier s. curier court s. curte, tribunal - of appeals - curte de apel ~ of arbitration - curte/tribunal ( arbitraj - of competent jurisdiction - tribun competent ~ ofjustice/law - tribunal - of original jurisdiction - tribunal i prima instan courtage s. curtaj, brokeraj covenant s. acord, contract; clauz unui contract v.t. a conveni (pf contract), a prevedea, a stipula covenanter s. parte contractant cover s. 1. (fond de) acoperire/garan (pentru un mprumut, o tranzacie eh 2. asigurare, acoperire (a unui risc) suplinire (a unui muncitor absent) \ 1. (bur., fin.) a acoperi, a garanta 2. asigura, a acoperi (un risc) 3. a relata comenta (tiri, evenimente; desp ziariti) ~ charge - cost suplimentar (penl tacm la restaurant) - funds - fonduri de garanie/acoperi ~ note - certificat provizoriu asigurare (cu valabilitate pn emiterea poliei de asigurare)

counter s. 1. tejghea; ghieu 2. contor (^e ap, electricitate etc.) adj. contrar, opus ~ advice - contraaviz ~ check - (SUA) cec/formular de retragere (de numerar din cont) counterbid s. contraofert (la licitaie) counterclaim (dr.) s. cerere reconvenional v.i. a formula o cerere reconvenional counterfeit adj. contrafcut, fals s. contrafacere, falsificare; fals v.t. a contraface, a falsifica counterfeiter s. falsificator counterfoil s. cotor (de chitane, cecuri, bilete); contramarc, talon, matc counterman s. tejghetar; barman countermand s. contramandare v.t. a contramanda, a anula (o comand, un
ordin etc.)

counteroffer s. contraofert counterpart s. copie, duplicat countersign s. contrasemntur v.t. a contrasemna countersignature s. contrasemntur countertrade s. (com.) contrapartid countervail v.t. a compensa, a contracara country s. 1. ar, stat 2. regiune, zon; provincie ~ limit - (fin.) limit de ar (limita
riscului de tara)

~ of destination - ar de destinaie (a
mrfii)

~ of origin - ar de origine ( mrfii) ~ rating - rating de ar ~ risk - (fin.) risc de ar

COV-CRE

83

coverage s. 1. (bur fin.) acoperire, garanie 2. asigurare, acoperire (a unui risc) 3. public, acoperire (procentul de consumatori ai unei piee-int care au cel puin o ocazie de a recepiona un mesaj publicitar n timpul unei cwnpanii) 4. reportaje, comentarii (despre un eveniment) covered adj. acoperit, asigurat ~ bear - (bur.) speculant la baisse cu acoperire (care deine suficiente aciuni pentru a-i ndeplini obligaiile, nefiind obligat sa cumpere pe o pia n cretere) ~ interest arbitrage - (fin.) arbitraj cu dobnd acoperit ~ option - (bur.) opiune acoperit (contract de opiune garantat cu aciunile unui titlu de valoare suport) coverage s. 1. acoperire, asigurare; riscuri acoperite/asigurate 2. public (al unei staii de radio sau televiziune); cititori, asculttori etc. (ai unor reclame) 3. reportaj, comentariu covering s. acoperire (tranzacii de acoperire pe piaa bursier prin contracte la termen) ~ letter - scrisoare de nsoire craft s. 1. meteug, meserie 2. breasl, corporatie 3. ambarcaie; ambarcatii, nave 4. avion; avioane ~ clause - (mar.) clauz de alimbare ~ guild - breasl, corporatie ~ labour - mn de IUCBLI calificat ~ union - sindicat al muncitorilor/meseriailor din aceeai specialitate craftsman 5'. meseria, meteugar; artizan craftsmanship s. meteug, art

cranage s. tax de macara; drept de folosire a macaralelor (portuare) crane .y.macara; macara de chei sau bord crash 5-. crah, faliment crate s. crat (ldi/cutie din ipci) crating s. ambalare n crate crawling adj. care se mic ncet ~ P^ - (fif1-) crawling peg (rat de schimb prin care cursul de schimb al unei monede fluctueaz ntr-o marj restrns) creative adj. creator, inventiv ~ accounting - contabilitate creatoare credentials s. pl. scrisori de recomandare credit s. 1. credit; mprumut 2. reputaie de solvabilitate 3. scrisoare de credit, acreditiv 4. (cont.) credit (coloan n partea dreapt a fiecrui cont) v.t. 1. a credita, a mprumuta, a deschide un credit 2. (cont.) a credita, a nregistra n creditul unui cont ~ account - (com.) cont n credit - advice - aviz de creditare - agency/bureau - agenie/birou de verificare a solvabilitii (unui client sau a uneifinne) ~ balance - sold creditor ~ bank - banc de credit ~ card - carte de credit - ceiling/limit - limit a creditului, plafon de creditare ~ clearing - compensare {interbancara) a creditelor ~ control - control al creditelor ~ cooperative - cooperativ de credit - creation - creare de credite (in
economie}

~ department - serviciu de credite

84________________________

__________________CRE-CRI ~ standards - standarde de credit - structure - structur a creditului ~ terms - termeni (conractuali) d| creditare - union - cooperativ de credit creditor s. creditor ~ account - cont creditor ~ nation - ar creditoare ~ position - (cont.) poziie creditoare ~ s' meeting - adunarea creditorilor - s under commission of bankruptc? - creditori ai unui falit ~ s voluntary winding-up - lichidac voluntar a creditorilor creditworthiness s. bonitate, solvabili tate; reputaie de solvabilitate creeping adj. lent ~ control/takeover - preluare lenta treptat a controlului (asupra uru
societi)

~ freeze/squeeze - ngheare/blocare a creditelor ~ S^P ~ (com.) ecart de credit (formul care desemneaz conflictul dintre
interesul vnztorului de a-i primi banii ct mai curnd i cel al cumprtorului de a plti ct mai trziu)

~ history - evoluie n timp a creditului ~ insurance - asigurare a creditelor ~ instrument - instrument financiar/de credit ~ insurance - asigurare a creditelor (de ctre creditor) ~ line - (SUA) limit de credit; not care indic sursa unei ilustraii
(reproduse ntr-o carte)

~ losses - pierderi din credite neperformante ~ manager - manager de credit ~ market - piaa creditelor ~ memorandum/note - bilet de credit
(prin care clientul este ntiinat de ctre un furnizor c acesta i-a creditat contul, specificndu-se i suma respectiv)

~ offcer - inspector de credite ~ on mortgage - credit ipotecar ~ on personal property - credit mobiliar ~ on real estate - credit imobiliar - period - perioad de credit - rating/status/standing - evaluare a bonitii/solvabilitii ~ review - revizuire a creditelor (pentru stabilirea provizioanelor) ~ sale - vnzare pe credit ~ scoring - punctaj de bonitate - slip/voucher - borderou de plat ( la banc)

~ inflation - inflaie lent crew s. echipaj (de nav) ~ list - list de echipaj, rol de apel a navei ~'s customs declaration - declarai vamal a echipajului crisis s. criz ~ management - management de cria critical adj. critic ~ cargo - marf pretenioas f privina condiiilor de transport) ~ path analysis - analiza drumuli critic (analiza etapelor pentr
realizarea fiecrei activitfi succesh n vederea implementrii ntreg strategii)

crop s. 1. recolt 2. cultur agricol v. 1. a recolta 2. a cultiva v.i. a produc recolt (despre pmnt) ~ m rotation - sol

CRO-CUR

85

- rotation/succession - asolament cross adj. ncmciat, combinat; reciproc v.t. a bara (un cec) ~ effects - efecte reciproce ~ exchange/rate - curs de schimb ncmciat (stabilrea cursului dintre dou valute prin raportare la o ter moned) ~ holding - deinere reciproc de aciuni (de ctre dou sau mai multe societi) ~ liabilities - (mar.) rspunderi/ obligaii reciproce (ale armaorilor n
caz de (*oliziune)

~ capacity/content - capacitate volumetric (a navelor comerciale) ~ contents - cubaj ~ displacement - deplasament volumetric ~ measure - unitate volumetric ~ storage capacity - capacitate cubic de depozitare
cumprep. (bur.)cu

~ offer - ofert ncmciat ~ selling - vnzare mperecheat (plasarea produselor complementare unele lng altele n magazin) ~ -sectional analysis - analiz n seciune transversal (calculul ratelor financiare la doua momente diferite de timp) ~ subsidy - subvenie ncruciat crossing s. barare (a unui cec) crown 5'. coroan (regal) ~ debt - crean regal ~ jewels defence - aprarea bijuteriilor coroanei (pan de msuri adoptat de o societate ameninat cu preluarea controlului de ctre un investitor
nedorit)

~ all - cu toate beneficiile - capitalization - cu capitalizare ~ coupon - cu cupon ~ distribution - cu distribuire (de dividende etc.) ~ dividend - cu dividend ~ interest - cu dobnd ~ new/rights - cu drepturi (prefereniale la o nou emisiune de aciun) cumulative adj. cumulativ ~ average residuals - (fn.) valori reziduale medii cumulative (nsumarea n timp a excedentului de rentabilitate al unei aciuni sau al unui portofoliu) ~ dividends - dividende cumulative
(wracteristic deprotectik a aciunilor

~ land - domeniu regal/al coroanei crude adj. brut, neprelucrat ~ naphtha/oil/petroleum - iei, petrol brut ~ - oil carrier - petrolier (de iei) ~ ore - minereu bmt ~ product - produs brut cruise s. croazier cubic adj. cubic, volumefric

prefereniale care impune ca toate dividendele resante cuvenite acestei categorii de aciuni s fie pltite prioritar) ~ preference/preferred share aciune preferenial cumulativ ~ voting - vot cumulativ (metod de vot,care permite voturi multiple pentru un singur membru al unui consiliu de administraie) curb s. (bur.) pia neoficial v.t. a limita, a ine sub control (inflaia) ~ broker - broker neoficial - market - pia neoficial

S6___________________________

__________________CUR-CU ~ ratio - (fin.) rata lichiditii curefl (raportul dintre pasivele curente a unei afaceri i activee sale curente) ~ settlement - (bur.) lichidare curent ~ year - an curent ~ yield - (fin.) randament curei (venitul unei obligaiuni, egal i valoarea cuponului mprit la pre) curtail v.t. a reduce (cheltuieli) curve s. curb (a cererii) custody s. custodie ~ account - cont de custodie ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament d marf (n special bumbac) n custodie custom s. 1. uzan, convenie 1 clientel; vad 3. pl. vam; taxe vamal adj. fcut pe comand ~ - built/'make - fcut pe comand ~ of the port - uzan a portului ~ of trade - uzan contractual ~ s agency - agenie vamal ~ s agent agent de lichidare n vam ~ s and excise duties - taxe vamale 5 de regie ~ s area - zon vamal ~ s authority autoritate vamal ~ s bill of entry buletin zilnic 2 micrii navelor ia mrfurilor ~ s. bond - scrisoare de garani vamal (pentru plata taxelor vamale d import) ~ s broker - (SUA) agent de lichidar n vam ~ s classification - clasificare vamal (categoria din cadrul unui nomenclatc de taxe vamale n care este introdus u produs) ~ s clearance - formaliti vamali lichidare n vam

currency s. 1. valut; devize; instrument de plat 2. circulaie (monetar) 3. scaden (a unei cambii) ~ appreciation - apreciere a unei valute (n raport cu altele) ~ bill - cambie tras n devize ~ bond - obligatiune pltibil n moneda rii n care a fost emis; (SUA) obligaiune pltibil n devize ~ circulation - circulatie monetar ~ code - cod al valutei ~ deflation - deflaie monetar ~ depreciation - depreciere a unei monede (n raport cu altele) ~ devaluation - devalorizare ~ notes - bancnote (emise ntre 1914-1918 n Marea Britanie) ~ option - opiune (de vnzare sau cumprare) pentru devize ~ rate - rat de schimb ~ risk - risc al cursului de schimb (riscul de a nregistra pierderi cauzate defluctuaia ratelor de schimb) ~ swap - swap cu devize ~ union - uniune monetar current adj. curent ~ account - cont curent ~ assets - active curente/circulante ~ balance - sold curent al unui cont; sold al contului curent ~ capital - (SUA) capital curent/de lucru ~ cost - (cont.) cost curent ~ cost accounting - contabilitatea costurilor curente/de inflaie ~ debt - datorie curent ~ liabilities - pasive curente ~ money - moned curent ~ price - pre curent

CUS-CYC

87

- s debenture - certificat de restituire a taxelor vamale (pltite pentru mrfurile importate care au fost ulterior reexportate sau folosite la fabricarea mrfurilor de export) ~ s declaration/entry - declaraie vamal ~ s drawback - restituire a taxelor vamale ~ s duty - tax vamal ' ~ s examination/inspection - inspecie/control vamal ~ s harmonization - armonizare a taxelor vamale (unifonnizarea nomenclatoarelor i a procedurilor vamale n rile care coopereaz) ~ (s) house - vam, punct vamal ~ s invoice - factur vamal ~ s nomenclature - nomenclatur vamal ~ s offce - birou de vam ~ s offcer - vame ~ s permit - permis vamal ~ s regulations - regulament vamal ~ s seal - sigiliu vamal ~ s tare - tar vamal ~ s tariff - tarif vamal ~ s territory - jurisdicie vamal ~ s union - uniune vamal

- s value - valoare n vam ~ s warehouse - antrepozit vamal ~ s warrant - recipis vamal ~ s waters - zon maritim special ~ s wharf - chei vamal customable adj. supus taxelor vamale customary adj. uzual, obinuit ~ delivery - livrare uzual ~ law - drept cutumiar ~ (quick) dispatch - celeritate uzual ~ tare - tar uzual customer s. client; cumprtor; consumator ~ profle - profil al clientelei ~ s' ledger - (cont.) registru de vnzri cut s. reducere, micorare v.t. 1. a reduce, a micora (preuri, salarii etc.) 2. foff) a tia, a ntrerupe (alirnentarea cu ap, gaze etc.) ~ price/rate - pre redus (drastic) ~ - price shop - magazin cu preuri reduse cutthroat adj. dur, acerb ~ competition - concuren dur/ acerb cycle s. ciclu cyclical adj. ciclic ~ fluctuations - fluctuaii ciclice ~ unemployment - omaj ciclic

D
daily adj. zilnic, cotidian adv. zilnic s. cotidian, ziar ~ consumption - consum zilnic ~ flow - prodsucie zilnic (in flux
continuu)

~ done/incurred - pagub produs ocazionat ~ report - raport de avarie ~ suit - proces de daune
~ survey - expertiz de avarie

~ loans / money - mprumuturi pentru o zi ~ output / production - producie zilnic ~ receipts / returns - ncasri zilnice, ctig pe zi ~ turnover - cifr de afaceri zilnic; volum de mrfuri operat zilnic dairy s. 1. lptrie; ferm de vaci de lapte 2. magazin de produse lactate ~ cattle - vaci de lapte ~ farm - ferm de vaci de lapte ~ lunch - lactobar ~ products - produse lactate dairying s. industria laptelui dairyman s. lptar; muncitor la o ferm de vaci de lapte damage s. 1. pagub, avarie, prejudiciu, daun 2. pl. (dr.) daune, despgubiri v.. 1. a avaria, a deteriora 2. a pgubi, a provoca pagube ~ by fire - pagub prin incendiu ~ by handling - pagub prin manipulare ~ by jettison - (mar.) pagub prin aruncarea peste bord (a bunurilor
navei)

~ certificate - certificat de avarie ~ chargeable to - avarie n sarcina ~ claim - cerere de daune/despgubiri

~ to persons - daun corporal ~ to property - daun material ~ to the goods - avariere a mrfurilor ~s at large - daune / despgubn necontractuale (stabilite de instan) to be liable for ~s - a fi pasibil d plata despgubirilor damaged adj. avariat, deteriorat ~ cargo - caric / ncrctui deteriorat() ~ goods - mrfuri avariate / deteriorah dandy s. (mar.) alup sau lep o arbore ~ note - permis de mrfuri antrepc zitate; permis vamal danger s. pericol, risc ~ money - spor de periculozitate dangerous adj. periculos cargo - caric / ncrctui periculo(a)s() ~ goods - mrfuri periculoase ~ oils produse petroliere periculoas (cu temperatura de aprindere su +23Q date s. 1. dat 2. termen, perioadi scaden v.t. 1. a data (o scrisoare etc 2. (back) a antedata v.i. a data ~ as postmark - data potei ~ of arrival - data sosirii ~ of delivery - data livrrii ~ of departure - data plecrii

DAT-DEA

89

~ of dispatch - data expedierii ~ of invoice - data facturrii ~ of loading - data ncrcrii ~ of maturity - data scadenei, scaden ~ of payment - data plii ~ of sailing - (war.) data plecrii ~ of shipment - (mar.) data expedierii ~ stamp - tampil cu dat ~ stamping - marcare a termenului de valabilitate (pe produsele perisabile)
dated adj. datat

~ securities - titluri de valoare (pbligaiuni, cambii etc.) la termen dateless adj. nedatat daughter ^. fiic ~ company - societate-fiic (filial a unui holding) dawn s. nceput ~ raid - {bur.) raidul din zori, cumprare la deschidere (cumprare neanunat a unui pachet mare de aciuni n primele momente ale
deschiderii bursei pentru a evita creterea cursului acestord)

day s. ziu, zi; pl. zile consecutive / curgtoare ~ book - (cont.) jumal ~ labourer - zilier ~ of demurrage - (mar.) zi de contrastalii ~ of entry - zi de depunere a declaratiei vamale ~ of 24 running hours - zi de lucru de 24 de ore consecutive ~ off - zi liber ~ orders - (bur.) ordine zilnice ~ plan - plan de activiti zilnice ~ rate - sistem de salarizare cu ziua ~ shift - schimb / tur de zi

~s after sight - zile dup prezentare (formul pe o cambie) ~s of grace - zile / termen de graie (pentru plata unei datorii scadente) ~ - to - day accomodation / loan (bur.) mprumut pentru o zi / de pe o zi pe alta ~ - to - day option - (bur.} opiune pentm o zi / de pe o zi pe alta ~ - to - day rate - dobnd la mprumutul pentru o zi / de pe o zi pe alta daywork s. lucru (pltit) cu ziua dead adj. mort, inactiv ~ account - cont inactiv ~ capital - capital inactiv / neproductiv ~ -end job - activitate fr perspectiv ~ freight - (mar.) navlu mort ~ load - ncrcare prin greutate proprie/moart; greutate proprie ~ loan - mprumut nerecuperabil ~ loss - pierdere net ~ market - pia inactiv ~ money - bani neinvestii ~ rent - chirie moart (pltit pentru
concesionarea unei mine, indiferent dac aceasta este n exploatare sau nu)

~ season - sezon mort ~ security - garanie nul (proprietate industrial ce nu poate servi drept garanie bancar dac nu este n exploatare) ~ time - timp mort deadweight s. greutate proprie (a unui vehicul), tar; (mar.) greutate moart (care nu aduce navlu); capacitate deadweight / brut / total {de transport
a nave)

~ capacity / all told - capacitate deadweight / bmt / total ~ cargo - mrfuri grele / deadweight

90

DEA-I

~ cargo capacity - capacitate util / net de ncrcare ~ cargo tonnage - tonaj net ~ charter - navlosire la greutate ~ debt - datorie neproductiv (component a datoriei publice cauzat mai ales de cheltuielile neproductive legate de rzboi) ~ loss - pierdere nerecuperabil (manifestare a ineficienei economice) ~ plan - plan de ncrcare complet a
navei

~ scale - diagram / grafic de ncrcare ~ ton - ton deadweight deadline s. termen-limit / final deadstock s. 1. inventar mort (utilaje i
construcii agricole) 2. (com.) stoc

nevandabil deal s. 1. afacere; tranzacie 2. (SUA) politic economic (specific unei anumite administraii) 3. ofert special (in scop publicitar) 4. scndur / dulap de brad (cu dimensiuni standard) v.t. 1. a da, a distribui 2. (at) a cumpra la, a fi clientul (unui magazin) 3. (between) a fi intermediar ntre 4. (in) a face comert cu 5. (together) a avea relaii cu 6. (with) a face afaceri cu, a avea legturi comerciale cu v.i. a face comert ~ on joint account - tranzacie n participaie ~ porter - docher cherestegiu dealer ,s. 1. comerciant, negustor; intermediar; detailist 2. (bur.) dealer ~ aids - material publicitar ~ buyer - telal ~'s brand - marca distribuitorului / de
comert (nume de marc atribuit unui produs de ctre un intermediar, de obicei un deailist important)

dealings s.pl. 1. raporturi/relaii coi ciale 2. tranzacii/operaii financiare ~ for a fall - (bur.) operaii la bais^ ~ for a rise - (bur.) operaii \ hausse \ ~ for cash - operaii n numerar \ dear adj., adv. scump ~ money - credite cu dobnzi ridicato ~ money policy - politic de credite < dobnzi ridicate dearness s. scumpete, preuri ridicatei ~ allowance - indemnizaie pent creteri de preuri dearth s. 1. lips, penurie 2. scumpeu ~ of liquidity - lips de lichiditi i death s. deces ~ beneft - (asig.) indemnizaie <
deces (pltit urmailor unui munciu decedat din cauw unui acciden { munca}

~ duty / tax - impozit succesoral /1 motenire ~ grant - ajutor de nmormntare ~ rate - rata mortalitii debase v.t. 1. a devaloriza, a deprec 2. a falsifica (monede, metale etc.) debasement s. devalorizare, deprecia ~ of the coinage - depreciere monedei debenture s. 1. titlu de crean; (5Z obligaiune general / negaranta (instrument de ndatorare pe terrrh lung care nu este garantat de o ipot& asupra unor active) 2. certificat i restituire a taxelor vamale ~ bond - obligaiune cu dobnd fix debit (cont.) s. debit v.t. a debita ~ account - cont de activ (cu so debitor) ~ balance - sold debitor ~ card - carte de debit

DEB-DEC

91

~ column - coloana debitului ~ entry / item - articol debitor ~ note - not de debitare ~ procedure - ncasare direct ~ side - debit to enter / to carry / to put to the ~ of an account - a trece (o suma) n coloana de debit a unui cont
debt s. datorie

~ buy back - rscumprare a creanelor (de ctre debitor) ~ capacity - (fin.) capacitate de
ndatorare (vaoarea maxim a datoriei n structura capitalulu)

~ ceiling / limit - plafon al datoriei ~ - collection / - recovery agency agenie de recuperare a datoriilor ~ collector - agent de recuperare a datoriiior ~ due - datorie exigibil ~ equity ratio - (fin.) raportul datorie - capital propriu ~ equity swap - (fin.) swap de datorii contra capitalul propriu ~ management - managementul / gestiunea datoriilor ~ of honour - datorie de onoare ~ of old standing - datorie veche ~ ratio - (fin.) rata de ndatorare (totalul datoriilor mprit la totalul activelor unei societ} ~ service - serviciul datoriei to be out of ~ - a nu mai avea datorii to get out of ~ - a se achita de datorii to run into ~ - a face datorii debtee A'. creditor debtless adj. far datorii debtor s. 1. debitor, datomic 2. pl. conturi active ~ account - cont de activ (cu sold
debitor)

~ age analysis - analiza vechimii debitorilor ~ in default - debitor n incapacitate de plat decade s. deceniu; decad decartelization 5. desfiinare a unui cartel decartelize v.t. a desfiina un cartel decentralization s. descentralizare decentralize v.t. a descentraliza decimal adj. zecimal, decimal ~ classifcation - clasificare zecimal ~ coinage - sistem monetar decimal ~ measure - msur metric / zecimal ~ system - sistem zecimal (de uniti de msur) decimalize v.t. a transforma n sistemul zecimal decision 5'. decizie, hotrre ~ beyond / past recall - decizie irevocabil ~ maker - factor de decizie making - luare de decizii; competen de decizie ~ - making costs - costuri ce influeneaz luarea deciziilor ~ - making under certainty - luare de decizii n condiii de certitudine ~ - making under risk - luare de decizii n condiii de risc ~ - making unit - (man.) unitate decizional ~ tree - (man.) arbore de decizie
(stabilirea grafic a tipului de relaie ntre deciziile manageriale i factorii probabilistici)

to make a ~ a lua o decizie deck A\ (mar.) punte ~ cargo - caric de punte ~ - cargo cover - prelat de protecie a caricului de pe punte

92

DEC-I

~ - cargo line - tubulatur de punte {la

petroliere)

~ - cargo space - spaiu de ncrcare pe punte ~ gear - instalaie de punte ~ - load capacity - capacitate de transport pe punte ~ stowage - stivuire pe punte declarant s. declarant (yama) declaration s. declaraie ~ day - (bur.) zi de declaraie (ultima
zi n care titularul unei opiuni poate decide dac o menine sau nu)

~ inwards - declaraie (vamal) la intrare ~ of bankruptcy - declaraie de faliment ~ of duty - declaraie vamal ~ of nullity - (dr.) declararea nulitii (unui contract) of solvency declaraie de solvabilitate ~ of the contents - declaraie (yamala) asupra continutului ~ of value - declaraie de valoare ~ outwards - declaraie (yamal) \a ieire ~ policy - poli de asigurare flotant / nenominalizat declared adj. declarat ~ value - valoare declarat (n vam) decline 5'. 1. scdere, diminuare 2. declin (al activitfii economice) v.t. a declina, a refuza v.i. a scdea, a diminua ~ in prices - scdere a preurilor ~ of the markets - restrngere a pieelor decontrol 5. eliberare de sub controlul statului v.t. a elibera de sub controlul statului

decrease s. reducere, scdere, nuare v.t., v.i. a (se) reduce, a scdea decree s. 1. decret; ordonan ( hotrre judectoreasc, sentin v.i decreta, a hotr i ~ in bankruptcy hotrre judeci reasc de declarare n stare de falima ~ law - decret-lege i deduct v.t. 1. a deduce, a scdeaj reine 2. a defalca; a deconta deductible adj. deductibil ~ space (mar.) spaiu deducti (spaiu impropriu ncrcrii cu marf. deduction s. 1. scdere, reinere defalcare; decontare ~s from pay - reineri din sala (pentni plata impozitelor, asigurrilor sociale etc.) deed s. act,. document; contract; ti (penru transferarea unui drep) ~ of arrangement / assignmenl concordat, acord cu creditorii ~ of conveyance act de transmil (a proprieti); act de cesiune ~ of gift - act de donaie ~ of partnership - contract de asocn ~ of property - act / titlu proprietate ~ of transfer - act de transfer i aciuni) ~ of trust - contract fiduciar ~ poll obligaie unilateral, simplu deep adj. adnc ~ discount bond - {SUA) obligaii cu reducere mare {a preului emisiune, dar care ofer dobi mica) ~ draft / draught - (mar.) pescaj mi ~ load mark - (mar.) marc de pesc ncrcare

DEE-DEF

93

~ - sea fishery / fishing - pescuit oceanic / de larg - - sea navigation - navigaie de curs hmg ~ - sea tug - remorcher maritim - stowage - stivuire n cal / magazia inferioar - - water line - linie de plutire la ncrcare maxim deface v.. a terge, a deteriora (faa unei bancnote, a unui cec) defalcate v.t. 1. a defalca 2. a delapida, a detuma (fonduri) v.i. a comite fraude defalcation s. 1. defalcare 2. delapidare; sum delapidat defalcator s. delapidator default s. 1. (a?r.) neprezentare, lips (din instan) 2. nendeplinire (a unui contract) 3. ncetare de plat v.t. 1. (dr.) a judeca n contumacie 2. a nu face fa (angajamentelor); a nu putea plti (datorit) v.i. 1. (dr.) a nu se prezenta {n instana) 2. a nu-i plti datoriile ~ risk - risc de ncetare de plat defaulter s. 1. (dr.) condamnat (m conumacie) 1. persoan care nu-i ndeplinete obligaiile / angajamentele; falit defeasance s. (dr.} 1. anulare, abrogare 2. clauz rezolutorie (care poate implica anularea unui contract) defeasible adj. anulabil, abrogabil defeat (dr.) s. anulare, abrogare v.t. a anula, a declara nul i neavenit defective adj. incomplet, imperfect ~ delivery - livrare defectuoas (de tiluri de valoare ale cror caracteristici nu corespund exigenelor bursiere sau contractuale)

~ title - (dr.) titlu (de proprietate) incomplet / imperfect ~ - title policy - poli de asigurare pentru o proprietate cu titlu incomplet / imperfect (incheiat de cumprtorul unei asemenea proprieti mpotriva unei eventuale contestri njustiie) defer v.t. a amna; a ealona defer(r)able adj. care poate fi amnat / ealonat deferred adj. amnat; ealonat ~ annuity - (asig.) anuitate amnat ~ bond - obligatiune cu dobnd ealonat (care crete gradua} ~ delivery - (bur.) tranzacionare amnat (a aciunitor cu acordul cumprtorului) ~ interest certificate / scrip / warrant - (bur.) certificat pentru dobnd ealonat ~ liabilities - datorii pe termen lung ~ payment account - cont de pli ealonate ~ payment agreement - (com.) acord de cumprare cu plata n rate (proprieatea asupra produsului devenind efectiv n momentul livrrii) ~ premium - (asig.) prim ealonat ~ rebates - (com.) reduceri cumulate (acordate de angrosist detailisului n anumite condiii) ~ shares - aciuni amnate (cw plata dividendelor dupd ce toate celelalte
tipuri de aciuni aufost achitate)

~ tax - impozit amnat deficiency s. 1. deficien, lips 2. deficit, manco ~ clause - clauza lipsei (de marf la predare) ~ in weight - lips la greutate defcient adj. defectuos; insuficient

94

DEF-DEl

~ packing - ambalaj defectuos ~ reserves - deficit de rezerve (rezervele unei bnci care scad sub
nivelul cerut de lege)

deficit s. deficit ~ financing / spending - fmanare a deficitului (bugetar) ~ spending unit - unitate economic cu deficit (care cheltuiete mai mult dect produce) definite adj. hotrt, ferm ~ order - comand ferm deflate v.t. a provoca deflaia
(monede)

deflation s. (fin.) deflaie deflationary adj. deflaionist ~ g3? - decalaj deflaionist ~ measure - msur deflaionist defraud v.t. a defrauda, a delapida defrauder s. defraudator, delapidator defray v.t. a plti, a achita; a rambursa (cheltuieli) defrayable adj. cu ramburs defrayal s. platire, achitare; rambursare (a cheltuielilor) defrayment v. defrayal defunct 'adj. inactiv; radiat (din registrul de comert) ~ company - societate radiat degressive adj. degresiv ~ tax - impozit degresiv dehoarding s. ncetare a tezaurizrii capkalurilor deindustrialization s. dezindustrializare delay s. ntrziere, amnare; prelungire (a termenulu) v.t. antrzia, a amna; a prelungi (un termen) del credere 5. (com.) del credere ~ agent - agent del credere ~ agreement - acord del credere

~ commission - comision al agentuli del credere delegate s. delegat v.t. a delega delinquency s. delict (fnanciar^ neplat a datoriilor la scaden delinquent adj. neachitat {despf impozite) ~ account - cont (de credit) ntrzii fa de scaden ~ tax certificate - (SUA) certificat d impozite neachitate (form d investiie) delisting s. eliminare/suspendare unor aciuni de pe lista de cota bursiere deliver v.t. 1. a livra, a distribui ( marfa) 2. a remite, a preda (o scrisoan
un act)

to ~ in full - a livra n ntregime delivered adj. 1. livrat, distribu (despre o marfa) 2. remis, predi
(despre o scrisoare, un act)

~ alongside ship - (mar.) livrare lng

nav / sotto palanco

~ at frontier - livrat la frontier ~ docks - (mar.) cu livrare n docuri ~ duty paid - livrat, taxele vamal pltite ~ duty unpaid - livrat, taxele vamai nepltite ~ free - livrare franco ~ measure - cantitate livrat / predat ~ price - pre de livrare (care inclwi toate cheltuielile de transport pn i punctul de livrare) ~ sound - livrat n bune condiii ~ weight - greutate predat delivery s. 1. livrare, distribuire (< marfa) 2. remitere, predare (de scrisoi acte); transfer (de aciuni, cambii etc.} ~ advice - aviz de livrare

DEL-DEM

95

~ alongside ship - (mar.) livrare lng nav / sotto palanco ~ bill / note - foaie / bon de livrare ~ book - registru de livrare ~ car / van - camionet, furgonet (pentru livrr) ~ charges - cheltuieli de livrare ~ clause - (mar.) clauza predrii (navei la expirarea perioadei de nchiriere) ~ date - data livrrii; termen de livrare ~ free domicile - livrare franco domiciliu ~ manifold - manifold de livrare ~ on acceptance - livrare la acceptare ~ on board - (mar.) livrare / predare la bordul navei ~ on payment - plata la livrare ~ order - ordin / bon de livrare; conosament fracionat ~ overside - (mar.) livrare / predare altei nave (prin ransbordare) ~ point - punct / loc de livrare ~ receipt - recipis de livrare ~ speed - (mar.) celeritate de livrare ~ terms - condiii de livrare
~ voyage '- (mar.) cltorie / voiaj de predare (a navei la expirarea termenului de navlosire)

~ loan - mprumut rambursabil la cerere ~ matching - echilibrare a cererii (cu nivelul producie} ~ note - aviz de plat ~ pass - permis de ridicare a mrfurilor
(din depozit)

~ price - pre cerut ~ - pull inflation - inflaie provocat prin cerere ~ schedule - graficul cererii ~ variaton - variaia cererii to be in great ~ - a fi foarte cerut / cutat demarcation s. demarcare, delimitare ~ dispute - conflict de delimitare
(dezacord aprut ntre sindicate cu privire la ce categorie de munciori ar

trebui s execute anumite tipuri de

lucrri)

to take ~ of the goods - a recepiona marfa demand s. cerere; comand v.t. a cere,
a solicita

demarketing s. demarketing (proces prin care cumprtorii sunt descurajai s cumpere un anumit produs) demerger s. divizare demise s. 1. transmitere (a averii) prin motenire 2. cesiune v.t. 1. a transmite (averea) prin deces / motenire 2. a cesiona ~ charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire a navei nude demonetize v.t. 1. a demonetiza, a devaloriza 2. a scoate din circulaie (o
moneda)

~ bill - cambie la cerere ~ charge tariff - pre de vnzare a energiei electrice ~ curve - curba cererii (ntr-un grafic') ~ deposit - depozit / depunere la vedere; (SUA) depozit / depunere la cerere (cont de cecur) ~ -induced /-pull inflation - inflaie datorat cererii

demotion ^. {man.) retrogradare (a unui salariat din cauza rezultatelor nesatisfctoare sau a comportamentului) demountable adj. demontabil - container - container demontabil demurrage s. 1. (mar.) contrastalii; plat a contrastaliilor; tax de amarare

96

DEM-DEP

2. (c./:) depozitare, magazinaj; tax de depozitare ~ charge - tax de stationare; locaie de vagoane ~ clause - clauza contrastaliilor ~ days - zile de contrastalii ~ incurred - contrastalii ocazionate ~ lien - drept de retenie pentru neplata contrastaliilor denationalize v.t. a privatiza denomination s. 1. denumire 2. clas / categorie de uniti (pentru bani, greuti etc.) ~ of the goods - denumire a mrfii department s. 1. minister 2. departament; serviciu 3. secie, sector; raion ~ store - magazin universal departmental adj. departamental ~ charges - cheltuieli speciale / directe ~ functions - funcii pe servicii ~ organization - organizare departamental / pe servicii ~ store - magazin universal departure s. .plecare ~ ballast - (mar.) balast la plecare ~ loading - (mar.) caric de plecare depletion s. 1. epuizare (a resurselor etc.) 1. (cont.) epuizare (alocarea sistematic i raional a costului de achiziie al resurselor naturale pentru perioada viitoare n care utilizarea acestor resurse contribuie la generarea profitulu) deposit s. depozit, depunere (n banc), cont de depuneri v.t. 1. a depune {la banc); a consemna 2. a da ca acont / avans; a da ca garanie ~ account - cont de depozit ~ at call - depozit la cerere

~ at long notice - depozit pe termen lung ~ at notice - depozit cu preaviz ~ at short notice - depozit pe termen scurt ~ bank - banc comercial / t depuneri ~ book - livret de depuneri ~ capital - capital vrsat ~ -cum -credit guarantee - garanit pe baz de depozit i credit ~ currency - (SUA) bani depui (H cont curent) ~ insurance - garantare a depunerilor ~ liabilities - pasiv sub form dc depozite ~ money - depozite bancare, bari depui n bnci ~ receipt - recipis de depunere (<& titluri la o banc depozitar); chitani de consemnare {in vam) ~ slip - (SUA) borderou de depuneri ~ taking business - activitate ck atragere de depozite ~ warrant - recipis warant depositary s. depozitar; consignatar depositor s. depuntor; consignator ~'s book - livret de depuneri depository v. depositary depot s. 1. depou; parc; garaj 2 depozit, magazie; antrepozit 3. (SUA\ gar depreciable adj. 1. depreciabil 2 amortizabil ~ assets - active amortizabile depreciate v.t. 1. a deprecia, i devaloriza 2. (cont.) a amortiza v.i. a 9 deprecia, a se devaloriza depreciation 5'. 1. depreciere, devalo rizare 2. (conf.) amortizare ~ account - cont de amortizare :

DEP-DEV

97

- accounting - contabilitate de amortizare - allowance - reducere fiscal pentru

amortizare

~ expenses - cheltuieli de amortizare ~ fund - fond de amortizare ~ methods - metode de amortizare depress v.t. a reduce activitatea depressed adj. n depresiune; n criz ~ area - zon afectat de criz (omaj,
srcie etc.)

~ market pia n depresiune (cnd

oferta este rnai mare dect cerered)

depression s. depresiune, stagnare;

criz (economica}

depute v.t. a delega, a mputemici, a numi deputy s. 1. delegat, reprezentant 2. adjunct 3. deputat ~ chairman - vicepreedinte ~ manager - director adjunct ~ member - membru supleant derate v.t. a scuti (industria) de impozite locale deration v.t. a vinde la liber (un articol care se vindea pe cartel) deregulation s. dereglementare, eliminare a reglementrilor, liberalizare (a
unui sector economic)

derelict (asig. mar.) adj. abandonat, prsit s. derelict, nav abandonat derivative adj. derivat ~ lease - subnchiriere; subarendare descriptive adj. descriptiv ~ economics - economie descriptiv design s. proiect, plan; desen, schi; model (industriat) ~ and development phase - faz de concepie industrial / n detaliu ~ institute - institut de proiectare designer s. designer, proiectant

desk s. 1. birou, mas de scris 2. cas (deplat) 3. pupitru / mas de comand ~ research - cercetare teoretic ~ training pregtire teoretic despatch v. dispatch destination s. destinaie destitute adj. srac, nevoia the ~ - sracii, nevoiaii destitution s. srcie, nevoie; lipsuri detail s. 1. detaliu, amnunt 2. pl. pri componente, elemente ~ drawing - desen tehnic de detaliu detailed adj. detaliat, amnunit ~ account - cont detaliat ~ audit - audit detaliat detinue s. (dr.) deinere ilegal a unui bun devaluate v.t. a devaloriza, a deprecia (moneda) devaluation s. devalorizare, depreciere (monetar) devalue v. devaluate devanning s. descrcare a unei furgonete develop v.t., v.i. a (se) dezvolta developing adj. care se dezvolt, m dezvoltare ~ country - ar n curs de dezvoltare - industrial model - model industrial supus ameliorrii development s. 1. dezvoltare 2. antier; lucrare, construcie 3. exploatare a zcmintelor de petrol etc. ~ area - zon special / de dezvoltare ~ economics economia dezvoltrii - mortgage - mprumut ipotecar pentru mbuntiri funciare ~ study - studiu / plan de dezvoltare ~ well - sond de exploatare
deviate v.i. a devia, a se abate (din drum)

98

DE'\

deviation s. (mar.) deviere (abaterea navei de la drumul de navigaie normal sau de la cursa contractata} ~ clause - clauza devierii devise s. (dr.) testare, dispoziie testamentar, v.t. {dr.) a testa, a lsa prin testament (im bun imobiliar) devisee s. (dr.) legatar, succesor, motenitor (al bunurilor imobiliare) devisor s. (dr.) testator diagram s. diagram, schem; grafic; organigram ~ of loading - grafic de ncrcare dicker s. 1. comert mmnt; colportaj 2. troc v.i. 1. a face comer mrunt 2. a face troc difference s. 1. diferen, deosebire 2. diferend, dezacord v.t. a diferenia, a deosebi ~ in price - diferen de pre ~ in quality - diferen de calitate ~ over or under - diferen n plus sau n minus ~ to pay - diferen de plat to split the ~ - a ceda i unul i altul differential adj. diferenial; distinctiv ~ duties - taxe vamale difereniale ~ pay - salariu diferenial ~ prices - (com.) preuri difereniale (pentru acelai produs pe piee diferite) ~ rent - chirie diferenial (mai mare dect este normal deoarece include plata pentru unele avantaje ifaciliti
speciale)

~ sampling - eantionare diferenial / ponderat ~ tariff - tarif diferenial ~ threshold - prag diferenial (pragul reaciei cumprtoruui la stimuleni)

~ voting - drept de vot difen (referitor la aciunile care ofer St drept de vot) differentiation s. diferentiere produselor) digest s. publicaie informativ; gt dilution s. diluare, reducere, scde ~ of equity - (bur.) diluai capitalului propriu (mrirea numa aciunilor existente fdr cre corespunztoare a profitului Si activelor societii respective) ~ of labour - diluare a fortei de rt (angajarea de muncitori necali pentru lucrri efectuate de obia personal calificat) diminish v.., v.i. a (se) diminua,! reduce diminution s. diminuare, reducere direct adj. 1. direct, personal, intermediar 2. clar, categoric v.t. adresa, a trimite 2. a conduce, a dii ~ action - aciune direct (pr< exercitate de muncitori a. patronatului prin greve etc.) ~ answer - rspuns clar / categorii ~ bill of lading - conosament obi ~ charges / expenses - chel directe ~ contact - relaie direct / person ~ contract - contract direct / intermediar ~ cost - cost direct / variabil ~ demand - cerere direct ~ exchange - schimb direct (intre
ri, valuta uneia fiind cotat n i[ cu valuta celeilalte r)

~ exporting - export direct ~ hand - participare direct ~ labour - munc direct (fabn unui produs sau oferirea unui ser\

MR-DIS

~ letter of credit - acreditiv direct - mail - reclam prin pot -- marketing - marketing direct ~ order (cow.) comand direct - placement - plasament direct {de
titluri de valoare, fr intervenia

mtermediarilor) ~ quote - curs direct (curs de schimb exprimat ca raport ntre moneda
naionala i una strin)

~ route - mt direct ~ sale / selling - vnzare direct / fr intermediari; marketing direct ~ services - servicii directe (altele
dect cele comerciale, ndeplinite de medici, avocai, funcionari etc.)

~ skip - (dr.) testare direct (testare n

favoarea unei persoane care este cu dou sau mai multe niveluri de generaie sub testator)

~ supply - livrare direct ~ taxation - impunere direct ~ trade - comer angro ~ trader - angrosist ~ -writing company - societate de reasigurare direction s. 1. dirijare, ndrumare 2. conducere, direcie 3. pl. instruciuni; ordine, directive directive 5. directiv, ordin director s. 1. director 2. membru n consiliul de administraie ~ general - director general ~s' report - raport al consiliului de administraie
-s' shares - aciuni statutare (numr obligatoriu de aciuni pe care o persoan trebuie s le dein pentru a candida ca membru n consiliul de administraie al societii respective)

~'s tally - jeton de prezen (al unui membru n consiliul de administraie) directorate s. 1. directorat, funcie de director 2. birou al directorului 3. consiliu de administraie directorship s. 1. directorat, funcie de director 2. perioad a directoratului directory s. carte de adrese; ghid; anuar dirty adj. 1. murdar 2. inferior, de jos (despre munc) ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament murdar (cu meniunea recepionrii mrfii n stare necorespunztoare / improprie) ~ cargo - (mar.) caric prfos (ciment, mangal ec.); caric de produse negre (iei, pcura) ~ cash - bani murdari (provenii din afaceri ilegale) ~ float - (fin.) fluctuaie dirijat (a cursurilor de schimb) ~ money / pay - plat pentru munca dificil -ship / tanker - petrolier de produse negre disability s. invaliditate; incapacitate de munc ~ pension - pensie pentru incapacitate de munc disabled adj. 1. invalid; incapabil / inapt de munc 2. scos din uz; avariat (despre aparate, instalaii etc.) ~ worker muncitor invalid / fr capacitate de munc disablement s. invaliditate ~ pension pensie de invaliditate disadvantage s. 1. dezavantaj; situaie nefavorabil 2. pagub, prejudiciu v.t. 1. a dezavantaja 2. a pgubi, a prejudicia

disagio s. (fin.) disagio disagree v.i. a diferi, a nu corespunde; a fi n dezacord, a nu nelege disagreement s. dezacord, diferend disallow v.t. a respinge, a refuza disallowance s. respingere, refuz disannul v.t. a anula; a abroga disburse v.t. a plti; a cheltui disbursement s. plat; cheltuial ~s account - decont de cheltuieli ~s insurance - asigurare a cheltuielilor extraordinare ~ warranty clause - clauz de asigurare a valorilor suplimentare discharge s. 1. descrcare (a unui vas etc.) 1. destituire, concediere 3. plat, achitare (a unei datori}; exonerare (de obigaii financiare); radiere (a unei ipoteci) 4. ndeplinire, executare (a unei obligai) v.t. 1. (c.f., mar.) a descrca; a goli 2. a destitui, a concedia 3. a plti, a achita (o (de obligaii datorie); a exonera financiare); a radia (o ipotec) 4. a ndeplini, a executa (o obligaie) ~ afloat - (mar.) descrcare n stare de plutire (a navei) ~ certificate - (mar.) certificat de descrcare / debarcare ~ of contract - ndeplinire / executare a contractului ~ of mortgage - radiere a ipotecii ~ overside - (mar.) predare peste bord ~ tonnage rate - nonn de descrcare a navei (fn tone) discharger 5. 1. persoan care descarc 2. descrctor, instalaie de descrcare discharging adj. de descrcare ~ berth dan de descrcare ~ contractor - agent de descrcare--primire

100

~ damage - avarie la descrcare ~ days - zile de descrcare (fixate contract) ~ permit - permis de descrcare ~ pipe - tubulatur de descrcan petroliere) ~ port - port de descrcare ~ quay chei de descrcare disclaim v.t. 'a abandona, a renua (un drept) disclaimer s. 1. persoan care ra la (un drept) 2. act de renunare disclosure s. 1. (.asig.) dezvl oferire de informaii com (obligaia persoanei care nche asigurare de a oferi asigurta toate informaiile referitoare bunurile sau interesele propuse pi asigurare) 1. (fin.) dezvluire, ol de date confidentiale (de ctre o b despre conturile unui client) discount s. 1. scont, discont; scoi actualizare 2. rabat comercial, redi v.t. 1. a sconta (un efect de comer vinde cu rabat v.i. a da cu mpc retinnd scontul ~ bank - banc de scont ~ bond - obligaiune cu discont ~ broker - agent de scont ~ credit - credit de scont ~ department - serviciu de scont ~ for cash reducere pentru pla numerar ~ house - cas de scont; magazi preuri reduse ~ market - pia de scorit ~ note not cu discont (imprum tennen scurt) ~ price - pre cu reducere / rabat ~ rate - tax de scont ~ store - magazin cu preuri redus

DIS

101

~ terms - condiii de scont to take on ~ - a sconta, a prelua spre scomare discounted adj. 1. scontat 2. actualizat ~ cash flow - flux de numerar actualizat (metod de evaluare a opiunilor de investiii) discounter 5. scontator discrepancy s. discrepan, eroare (ntr-o evden contabi) discretionary adj. discreionar ~ income - venit discreionar ~ order - (bur.) comand discreio-lar/la apreciere (ctre broker de a cumpra, n limita sumei la dispoziie, aciunilepe care acesta le alege) ~ service - (bur.) serviciu discreio-nar/la alegere ~ spending power - putere de cumprare discreionar ~ trust - (dr.) tutel discretionar discriminate v.t. a discrimina, a distinge, a deosebi discriminating adj. discriminatoriu (despre tarife, preuri etc.) ~ duty - tax vamal discriminatorie / multipl (la import nfuncie de ara de origine a mrfurilor) ~ monopoly - monopol discrimi-natoriu, discriminare n materie de preuri ~ restrictions - restricii discrimina-torii discrimination s. discriminare (comercial, tarifara) discriminatory v. discriminating diseconomy s. dezeconomie, neeconomicitate diseconomies of scale - dezeconomii la scar

disembargo v.t. a ridica embargoul de pe/la disembark v.t. a debarca, a descrca disencumber v.t. {dr.') a degreva (de sarcini ipotecare) disencumbrance s. (dr.) degrevare (de sarcini ipotecare), scoatere de sub ipotec disequilibrium s. dezechilibru - in the balance of payments -dezechilibru al balanei de pli to cure a -- - a elimina un dezechilibru dishono(u)r s. neachitare, neonorare (a unui cec, a unei cambii) v.t. a nu achita, a nu onora disincorporation s. desfiinare, dizol-vare (a unei corporai) disinflation s. (fin.) deflaie disinflationary adj. deflaionist ~ policy - politic defl^tionist disinherit v.t. a dezmoteni disinheritance s. dezmotenire disintermediation ^. (fin.) dezinterme-diere (procesul prin care intermediarii fnanciari, de exemplu bncile, sunt eliminai din lanul care transfer banii de la creditoml iniial ctre debitorul final) disinvestment s. investiie negativ dismiss v.t, 1. a concedia, a destitui 2. (dr.) a clasa (un proces); a respinge (un recurs) 3. a dizolva (o adunare) dismissal s. 1. concediere, destituire 2. (dr.) clasare (a unui proces); respingere (a unui recurs) 3. dizolvare (a unei adunr) ~ compensation / pay / wage indemnizaie / salariu de concediere dismortgage v.t. a elibera de o ipotec dispatch s. 1. expediere, trimitere (de mesaje, colete etc.) 2. depe, mesaj,

102

document oficial (trimis prin curier); dispoziie (pficial) 3. ntreprindere de transporturi rapide 4. (mar.) dispatch, timp economisit v.t. a expedia, a trimite (urgent) ~ boat - (mar.) avizo ~ box - valiz diplomatic ~ clerk - funcionar expeditor ~ days - (mar.) zile economisite (m operarea navei) ~ department - serviciu de expediii ~ discharging only - timp economisit numai n portul de descrcare ~ fees - cheltuieli de expediie a mrfurilor ~ free - (mar.) fr dispatch / timp economisit ~ loading only - timp economisit numai n portul de ncrcare ~ money - (mar.) indemnizaie de celeritate ~ note - buletin de expediie dispatcher s. 1. expeditor 2. dispecer displace v.t. 1. a deplasa, a strmuta, a transfera 2. a concedia, a destitui 3. {mar.) a avea un deplasament de displacement s. 1. deplasare, strmutare, transferare 2. concediere, destituire 3. (mar.) deplasament ~ mark - marc de pescaj / ncrcare ~ ton - ton de deplasament ~ volume - deplasament volumetric ~ weight - deplasament brut total display s. expunere, prezentare; expoziie v.t. a expune, a prezenta disposable adj. disponibil s.pl. produse de unic folosin ~ funds - disponibiliti, fonduri disponibile ~ goods - produse de unic folosin

~ income - venit disponibil (d achitarea impozitelor) disposal s. 1. aezare, dispunen dispoziie; drept de decizie 3. traa cedare; vnzare 4. nlturare, evaci eliminare disposition s. 1. dispoziie, ordin; d de decizie 2. reglementare, rezolva (dr.) legat, dispoziie testamentar dispossess v.t. a deposeda, a exprop dispossession s. expropriere ~ for public purposes - expropi pentm utilitate public dispute s. litigiu; conflict v.t. a conl ~ at law - ligitiu disqualification s. 1. descalifu pierdere de drepturi / caliti incapacitate, lips de calificare disqualify v.t. a descalifica, a lipa calitatea / dreptul de disseise v.t. (dr.) a deposeda ilegal disseisee s. (dr.) persoan depose ilegal disseisin s. (dr.) deposedare ilegal proprietate disseisor s. (dr.) persoan care i posesiune ilegal dissolution s. 1. dizolvare (a adunr}; lichidare (a unei societ^ reziliere (a unui contract) dissolve v.t. 1. a dizolva (o adunar\ lichida (o societate) 2. a rezilia contract} distance s. distan ~ freight - (mar.) navlu pe distan ~ learning - nvare la distan distant adj. deprtat, de proast cal ~ substitute - nlocuitor de pra calitate {al produsului autentic) distinctive adj. distinctiv, specific

DIS-DTV

1(B

~ competence - (wan.) competen distinctiv distrain (dr.) v.t. a exercita un drept de retenie (asupra bunurilor unui daomic); a aplica un sechestru, a sechestra v.i. (upon) a sechestra, a executa distrainee s. (dr.) debitor executat, persoan creia i se aplic un sechestm distrainer 5. (dr.) executor, persoan care aplic un sechestru distrainment s. (dr.) punere a sechestrului; sechestru distrainor v. distrainer distraint v. distrainment distress s. 1. sinistru, primejdie; naufragiu 2. (dr.) sechestru, retenie v.t. (dr.) a pune sechestru pe ~ call - (mar.) apel de sinistru ~ cargo - (mar.) caric n primejdie ~ freight - (mar.) navlu redus ~ goods - mrfuri n lichidare / ale unei firme falimentare ~ sale / selling - vnzare a bunurilor sub sechestru ~ warrant - ordin de sechestru distribute v.t. a distribui, a mprti; a repartiza distributee s. persoan creia i revine o parte {dintr-o motenire etc.) distributer s. distribuitor distribution s. 1. distribuire, mprtire; repartizare 2. (com.) distribuie ~ channel - canal de distribuie ~ mix - mix de distribuie (combinarea canalelor de distribuie) distributive adj. de distribuire / distribuie ~ costs - cheltuieli de distribuie ~ trades - sectorul distribuiei (de bunuri i servicii)

distributor v. distributer district s. district; regiune; sector ~ bank - banc regional ~ council - consiliu districtual / regional ~ court - tribunal districtual / regional ~ manager - director regional distringas s. (bur., dr.) decizie de sistare (temporar) a tranzacionrii aciunilor unei societi disutility s. lips de utilitate; inutilitate disvalue v.t. a deprecia, a subestima ditto s. 1. ditto, cele sus-mentionate 2. duplicat, lucru identic / similar adv. idem, la fel diversification s. diversificare (a liniei
de produse, a investiiilor n titluri de valoare etc.)

divestiture (bur.) separare (ndeprtarea unei pri a activelor n exploatare ale firmei prin vnzarea ctre o alt companie, prin emisiunea ctre acionarii existeni de aciuni ale noii firme alctuite din activele ndeprtate spinoff) divestment s. restrngere (a unei afaceri prin vnzarea sau nchiderea
unor active)

dividend s. 1. dividend 2. (dr.) sum repartizat ntre creditori (din bunurile

unui debitor insolvabil)

~ - bearing shares - aciuni purttoare de dividende ~ cover - acoperire a dividendelor (indicator care arat de cte ori pot fi pltite dividendele din profitul net al
unei societi)

~ equalization account - cont de egalizare a dividendelor (cnd se nregistreaz mari variaii ale profiturilor anuale)

104

DIV4

~ limitation / restraint - limitare / restrngere a dividendelor ~ mandate - mandat pentru plata dividendelor ~ off- (SUA) far dividende ~ on - (SUA) cu dividende ~ options - (asig.) opiuni pentru dividende (pentru ncasarea sau
reinvestirea dividendelor oferite de o poli de asigurare de via)

~ payout ratio - rata de plat a

dividendelor (procentul din prqfit pltit subformu de dividende)

~ poli'cy - politic de dividende ~ - price ratio - (SUA) rata dividend - pre (depia al unei aciuni) ~ reinvestment plan - plan de reinvestire a dividendelor (care permite
acionarilor reinvestirea automat a dividendelor primite n aciuni ale societii pltitoare)

~ basin - bazin portuar ~ company - companie de andocai ~ dues - taxe de cheiaj / andocare ~ pass - permis de ieire din doc intrare n doc ~ receipt - recipis de primh mrfurilor ~ rent - tax de depozitare a mrfii n doc ~ storage - depozit portuar ~ tonnage dues - taxe de chd andocare ~ traffc - trafic portuar ~ warrant - recipis de antrepozita ~ worker - docher dockage s. tax de cheiaj / andocan ~ penalty - penalizare pentru d
(cand se staioneaz la dan f tennenul stabilif)

~s per share - dividende pe aciune ~ stripping - lichidare a dividendelor (preluarea controlului asupra unei companii, exploatarea rezervelor / dividendelor i vnzarea aciunilor, operaii care duc adesea societatea la
falimen)

~ tax - impozit pe dividende ~ warrant - cupon de dividende ~ yield - randamentul dividendelor (raportul dintre dividendul actual i preul acttial al unei aciuni) division ^. 1. sector, secie; divizie 2. mprtire, repartizare; diviziune ~ of labour - diviziunea muncii divisionalization s. (man.) divizare (a unei companii n uniti distincte pentru a acoperi mai bine diferite sectoare alepiee) dock A'. doc, bazin portuar v.t. a andoca

docker s. docher docket s. 1. etichet, fi (indu coninutul unei partide de mrf foaie de expediie; extras coninutului unui document) 1. chi< de plat a taxelor vamale 3. (dr.) ro proceselor de judecat) v.t. 1. a etid a nregistra pe o fi {coninutul partide de mrfuri, al unui docun 1. (dr.) a trece pe rol (unproces) dockyard s. antier naval document s. document, act v., dovedi prin acte / documente ~ of title - titlu de proprietate ~s against acceptance - docunc contra acceptare -s-against - acceptance bill - cai pe baz de documente contra accep ~s against cash - documente c< plat n numerar ~s against payment - docun contra plat

DOC-DOO

105

~s - against - payment bill - cambie pe baz de documente contra plat ~s against presentation - documente contra prezentare ~s in proof / support - acte doveditoare documentary adj. documentar ~ collections - ncasri documentare / pe baz de documente ~ credit - credit documentar ~ draft - trat documentar / comercial ~ evidence - acte probante ~ letter of credit - acreditiv documentar documentation s. 1. documentare; documentaie 2. confirmare a unor documente 3. (mar.) nzestrare a navei cu documente dodge v.t. a evita (plata impozielor), a se sustrage (pbligaiilor fiscale) dodger s. evazionist (fisca) dog s. afacere sau produs far perspectiv pe pia {care implic reducerea investiiilor') do-it-yourself s. deprinderea de a face lucrrile i reparatiile casnice singur doldrums s. pl. calm, stabilitate (pe piaa bursier) dole s. ajutor de omaj dollar s. dolar ~ area - zona dolarului ~ stocks - titluri de valoare americane sau canadiene domestic adj. 1. domestic, casnic 2. national; intem s.pl. mrfuri fabricate n ar ~ bill - cambie intem (pltibil n
ara unde afost emisa}

~ credits - credite inteme ~ currency - moned naional ~ debt - datorie public / intem ~ industry - industria national; industria casnic ~ investments - investitii private ~ market - pia intem ~ policy - politic intem ~ port - port interior ~ rate - tarif casnic ~ science - economie domestic ~ shipment - (mar.) transport de cabotaj ~ subsidies - subvenii naionale (msuri prin care un guvern subvenioneaz un produs, o ntreprindere sau un sector economic) ~ trade - comert interior ~ voyage - (mar.) voiaj de cabotaj domicile s. 1. domiciliu; reedin 2. adres juridic 3. loc de plat (al unui efect de comer) v.t. 1. a stabili / a instala ntr-un domiciliu 2. a domicilia, a fixa locul plii (unui efect de comert) v.i. a se stabili cu domiciliul ~ of origin - domiciliu de origine domiciliate v.t. 1. a stabili / a instala ntr-un domiciliu 2. a domicilia, a fixa locul plii (unui efect de comer) v.i. a se stabili cu domiciliul domiciliation s. 1. stabilire / instalare ntrun domiciliu 2. domiciliere, fixare a locului plii (unui efect de comer) donatev.r. adona donation s. donaie ~ duty - impozit pe donatie donee s. {dr.) donatar donor s. (dr.) donator door s. u ~ money - tax de intrare

~ capital - capital autohton ~ consumption - consum intem

106_________________________

____________________DOO-Dl

~ - to - door service - serviciu din u n u" (serviciu de livrare a mrfii pn lafiecare destinatar) dormant adj. 1. inactiv; neproductiv (despre capital) 1. (dr.) nerevendicat (despre un bun) ~ accounts - conturi inactive ~ balance sold inactiv ~ deed - contract / document inactiv (in care nu au fost trecute numele) ~ execution - (dr.) sentin care i-a pierdut valabilitatea ~ law - lege neaplicat ~ partner - comanditar dot s. zestre double adj. dublu v.t. a dubla ~ bond obligaiune dubl / condiional ~ dealing - neltorie ~ -entry bookkeeping - contabilitate n partid dubl ~ figures - numere cu dou cifre (de la 10 la 99) ~ freight - (mar.) navlu dublu ~ insurance asigurare dubl ~ option - (bur.) optiune dubl, stelaj (care d drept deopotriv de cumprare i vnzare) ~ -page spread reclam pe dou pagini de ziar ~ pricing - (com.) stabilire de preuri duble (pe etichet, cel mai mare fiind tiat) ~ shift - schimb / tur cu efectiv dublu ~ standard - (fin.) etalon dublu / paralel ~ taxation relief - degrevare de dubla impunere (evitarea plii unui impozit pentru acelai venit n dou r) doubtful adj. 1. ndoielnic, nesigur 2. dubios, suspect

~ client - client dubios ~ debt - datorie nesigur dower v.dot down adv. 1. (n) jos 2. jos, pein, numerar (despre bani) adj. red^ cobort; m scdere 1 ~ market - pia n scdere \ ~ payment - acont; plat n numerar i ~ price clause - clauza scda preului \ to go ~ - a se ieftini; a se degra (despre calitate) downmarket s. downmarket downstream adv. n aval ~ dumping - dumping n aval / ( fumizare ~ loans - credite n aval (pbinute de societate-mam de la propriile filiale} downswing v. downturn downtime s. timp mort downtown s. cartier comercial al un ora, centru al oraului adv. n cartia comercial al oraului downtrend s. tendin de scdere ~ in living standards - tendin < scdere a nivelului de trai ~ in prices - tendin de scdere preurilor downturn s. scdere (a activit
economice)

downward adj., adv. descendent ~ curve - curb descendent (intr-\

grafic)

~ tendency / trend - tendin i scdere dowry v.dot dozen s. (com.) duzin draft s. 1. desen, plan 2. proie concept 3. trat, cambie 4. copie unui document) 5. reducere (acorda cumprtorului pentru pierderi o,

DRA-DUE

107

marfa vndut la greutate) 6. (mar.) pescaj; coad de marfa v.t. a concepe, a elabora (un plan); a redacta (un raport) ~ articles - proiect de statut - budget - proiect de buget ~ contract proiect de contract - law - proiect de lege ~ marks - scar de pescaj ~ terms - condiii de plat a tratei draftsman s. proiectant, desenator tehnic dram s. drahm (unitate de msur pentru greutate) draper s. comerciant de textile drapery s. 1. textile 2. comert de textile draught s. (inar.) pescaj draw s. 1. tragere la sori; loterie 2. ctig v.t. 1. a emite, a trage (o cambie); a completa (un cec) 2. a ctiga 3. a lua / a retrage (p sum) din (fonduri, economii) 4. (up) a redacta (un document) drawback s. 1. dezavantaj, inconvenient 2. rambursare (a taxelor vamale de impo^ atunci cnd mrfurile importate sunt reexportate sau folosite la producerea unor bunuri Ce vor fi exportae) 3. reducere (depre), rabat drawee s. tras (persoan asupra creia s-a emis o cambie) drawer s. trgtor (persoan care a emis o cambie) drawing s. 1. loterie; distribuire de ctiguri {la loterie) 2. emitere, tragere (a unei cambi); completare (a unui
cec)

~ rights - {fin.) drepturi de tragere (ae rilor-membre ale FMI) ~s account - cont personal (de retragere de fonduri al proprietarului unei afaceri) dreading s. (mar.) clauz de opiune pentru portul de ncrcare ~ at both ends - clauz de optiune pentru ambele porturi (de ncrcare i descrcare) droop s. scdere v.i. a scdea ~ in prices - scdere a preurilor drummer s. (SUA) comis-voiajor dry adj. uscat ~ bulk carrier - vrachier ~ cargo - caric / ncrctur uscat() ~ cargo charter - contract de navlosire pentru caric uscat ~ dock - doc uscat, bazin de radub ~ farming - cultivare a pmntului fr irigaii ~ goods - mrfuri uscate (grne, textile
etc.)

~ measure - msur de capacitate mrfuri pulverulente ~ trust - mputemicire pasiv (m care mandatarul nu are nici o sarcin activa) dual adj. dublu ~ banking system - (SUA) sistem bancar dual (cu reglementri federale
i de stat)

~ account - cont curent ~ authorization - autorizare de retragere (de sume din con)

~ capacity - (bur.) calitate dubl (a brokerilor de a lucra ca intennediari sau pe cont propriu) dud adj. far acoperire, fals ~ cheque - cec far acoperire ~ note - bilet de banc falsificat due adj. 1. datorat, exigibil; scadent 2. datorat, cauzat s. 1. datorie, drept

108

DUE-Dll

cuvenit 2. pl. taxe, impozite; cotizatie prep. (to) datorit, mulumit ~ bill - (SUA) (com.) not de confirmare / recunoatere a datoriei ~ date / day - scaden dull adj. inactiv ~ market - pia inactiv ~ season - sezon mort dullness s. inactivitate, stagnare (a pieei) duly adv. 1. corespunztor, n bun regul; legal 2. la timp, n timp util authorized representative reprezentant mputemicit legal dummy adj. fals, fictiv ~ name - nume fals dump v.t. 1. a descrca; a bascula 2. a face dumping cu dumping s. 1. dumping 2. descrcare; basculare ~ price - pre de dumping dun s. creditor insistent v.t. a presa (cernd bani) dunnage s. (mar.) material (lemnos) de protejare i separare a ncrcturii, fardaj ~ cargo - caric cu fardaj duopoly s. duopol duopsony s. duopson duplicate adj. duplicat, dublu s. duplicat, copie v.t. a duplica, a ntocmi (un act) n dou exemplare ~ copies - copii duplicat ~ of exchange - duplicat al unei cambii ~ sample - prob-martor durable adj. durabil s. pl. mrfuri de folosint ndelungat

~ goods - bunuri de consum < folosin ndelungat ' duration s. durat ~ of copyright - durat a dreptului ( autor ' duress s. (rfr.) constrngere, presia (exercitat pentru semnarea un contract) dust s. praf ~ allowance - prim de munc condiii de praf (la descrcan cerealelor, a cimentului etc.) ~ damage contaminare cu praf mrfurilor) Dutch adj. olandez ~ auction - licitaie olandez (licitd^ la care se coboar preul pn , gsete un ctimprtor) ~ bargain - afacere olandez (m ca una din pri obine toate avantajele) dutiable adj. supus taxelor vamal impozabil duty s. 1. datorie, atribuie ( serviciu) 1. impozit, tax; tax vamali ~ -free scutit de taxe vamale ~ -free importation - import cu scuti de taxe vamale ~ -free shop - magazin cu mrfi scutite de taxe vamale ~ -paid - vmuit, cu taxele vama achitate ~ -paid entry - declaraie penl achitarea taxelor vamale ~ -paid price - pre ce include tax vamale ~ -unpaid - nevmuit, cu tax< vamale neachitate

E
early adj. nti, prim; timpuriu adj. devreme ~ closing day - zi cu program scurt (cnd magazinele sunt nchise dup-amia.T.d) uneifirme atunci cnd asigur el nsui managementul acesteid)

~ vegetables - legume timpurii, trufandale ~ warning system - (fin.) sistem de prevenire timpurie (sistem de
dentificare a instituiilor financiare care pot dafaliment) earmark v.t. l.a marca (cu un semn distinctiv) 2. a aloca (resurse, fondur) earn v.t. a ctiga (prin munca} v.i. 1. a

~ per share - ctiguri pe aciune ~ - related pensions - pensii raportate la salarii ~ statement - declaraie de venituri ~ yield - randamentul profitului
(raportul dintre profitul net distribuibil i valoarea total a aciunilor comune la cursul piee) ease (bur.) v.z.(off, up) a se reduce, a

ctiga bani prin munc; a face o munc productiv earned adj. ctigat (prin munca) ~ income -venit din salariu; venit din activitatea curent ~ surplus - profit reinut/nedistribuit (acionarilor cu scopul formrii de fonduri de investiii) earner .s'.persoan care ctig bani (prin inunc); salariat earnest s. acont, avans; garantie ~ money - acont, avans earnings s.pl. 1. salariu 2. profit, ctig ~ after taxes - profit dup impozitare ~ available for commons - ctiguri disponibile pentru aciunile comune ~ basis - baza profitului (folosit la calcularea impozitulu) before taxes - profit nainte impozitare ~ of management - salariu pentru management (cuvenit proprietarului

se atenua, a se micora easement s. (dr.) servitute easy adj. 1. uor, simplu, facil 2. nstrit, avut 3. care nu are cutare; ieftin (despre o marfa) 4. avantajos, favorabil ~ market - pia calm ~ money - credit ieftin (cu dobnd sczut) ~ payment - faciliti de plat ~ terms - contract de vnzare n rate; faciliti de plat econometrician s. econometrician econometrics s. econometrie economic adj. economic ~ adaptiveness - flexibilitate economic ~ adviser - consilier economic ~ assistance - ajutor economic ~ batch/lot quantity - cantitate economic comandat pe lot ~ cost - cost economic (din perspectiva
economistulu) ~ crisis - criz economic

~ cycle - ciclu economic

110

ECO-d

~ development - dezvoltare economic ~ flow - flux economic ~ fluctuations - fluctuaii economice ~ geography - geografie economic ~ goods - bunuri economice ~ growth - cretere economic ~ history - istorie economic ~ imperialism - imperialism economic ~ indicators - indicatori economici ~ law - lege economic ~ man - omul economic, homo oeconomicus ~ ordering quantity - cantitate economic comandat (cantitate optim a stocurilor care trebuie comandat) ~ planning - planificare economic ~ policy - politic economic ~ profit - profit net ~ recovery - redresare economic ~ rent - rent economic ~ sanctions - sanciuni economice ~ self - sufficiency - autarhie, independen economic ~ space - spaiu economic ~ system - sistem economic ~ trends - tendine economice ~ union - uniune economic ~ value - valoare economic ~ warfare - rzboi economic economical adj. 1. econom, chibzuit 2. economic economics s. tiine economice, economie economist s. economist economize v.t. 1. a economisi 2. a valorifica v.i. a face economii; a reduce cheltuielile economy s. 1. economie; economisire 2. sistem economic; structur, organizare

~ class - clasa economic (cu cel ii sczut confort n transporturile aeriS i maritime de pasageri) economies of scale - economii 1 scar (creterea cantitii de bum sau servicii produse determi scderea costului unitar) economies of scope - economii < gam {diversificarea gamei de bum sau servicii oferite determin scder costului unitar) editor s. 1. redactor-ef (de zia editorialist 2. editor (de carte) ~ - inchief - redactor-ef; editoria}isl editorial adj. editorial; redacional editorial ~ board - comitet de redacie ~ office redacie ~ staff - colectiv de redacie editorialist s. editorialist editorship s. conducere redacional effects.l. efect, consecin, urmare efect, vigoare (a unei le-g) 3. sc( obiectiv 4. cuprins, coninut; sens 5. J 'efecte; bunuri, avere v.t. a efectua, realiza ~ s not cleared - fond necompen! (formul pe un cec) to come into ~ - a intra m vigoare effective adj. 1. eficace, util 2. efect real 3. activ, valabil, n vigoare (desf o lege) s.pl. lichiditi, numerar ~ cover - acoperire efectiv / re, (campanie publicitar care reia de < puinpatru ori un mesaj publicitar) ~ date - data intrrii n vigoare ~ demand - cerere real ~ load - ncrctur util/net ~ money - numerar ~ output producie efectiv ~ payload - sarcin util/efectiv

EFF-EME

111

~ rate of interest - rata efectiv a dobnzii ~ value - valoare efectiv/real ~ weight - ncrctur/sarcin efectiv to become ~ - a intra n vigoare effectual adj. 1. eficace, util 2. valabil,
n vigoare (despre un contract)

effectualness s. 1. eficacitate, utilitate 2. valabilitate, validitate efficiency s. 1. eficien, eficacitate; operativitate 2. pregtire, calificare; capacitate de munc 3. randament, productivitate ~ bonus - prim de eficien ~ of capital - randament al capitalului ~ of utilization - randament efficient adj. 1. eficient, eficace; operativ 2. capabil, competent; experimentat 3. productiv, care d randament ~ frontier - (fin.) frontiera eficienei
{indicatorii cei mai favorabili din punctul de vedere al riscului i al rentabilitii)

~ portfolio - (fin.) portofoliu eficient

(de pe frontiera eficienei) efflux s. scurgere (a capitalului)

elastic adj. elastic, flexibil ~ demand - cerere elastic elasticity s. elasticitate, flexibilitate (a
cererii etc.)

elect v.t. 1. a alege, a vota 2. a numi {ntr-o funcie) adj. ales, votat; desemnat electronic adj. electronic banking - activitate bancar electronic data interchange transfer electronic de date ~ funds transfer - transfer electronic de fonduri

~ mail - pot electronic ~ point of sale - punct electronic de vnzare eleemosynary adj. filantropic, caritabil, de binefacere eligible adj. 1. eligibil 2. acceptabil, admisibil ~ liabilities - pasive accepiabile (utilizate pentru a calcula Uchiditile uneibnc) ~ paper - efect de comer acceptabil (pentru reescontare la banca centra) embale v.t. a ambala, a mpacheta embargo s. embargo v.t. a institui un embargo asupra/pe to lay an ~ on/upon - a institui/a pune un embargo pe embark v.t.,v.i. a (se) mbarca embarkation s. mbarcare (pe o nav) ~ notive - aviz de mbarcare ~ order - ordin de mbarcare embarrassed adj. m jen financiar; cu datorii estate proprietate ipotecat embarrassment s. jen financiar, dificulti financiare embassy s. ambasad embezzle v.t. a delapida, a detuma (fondur) embezzlement s. 1. delapidare, detumare {de fonduri) 2. sum delapidat embezzler s. delapidator emboss v.t.l. a imprima (prin apsare cu sigiliul, tampild) 2. a bate (moned) emend v.t. a amenda, a mbunti (un text) emendate v. emend emergency s. eventualitate; caz neprevzut; urgen ~ measures - msuri de urgen

112

EME-EMP

~ reserves - fonduri de rezerv pentm cheltuieli neprevzute/urgente (la o banca) ~ tax - impozit extraordinar emission s. emisiune (de bancnote) emolument s. remuneraie, indemni-zaie employ s. slujb, serviciu v.t. 1. a folosi, a ntrebuina 2. a angaja, a da de lucru employable adj. 1. care poate fi folosit/ntrebuinat 2. capabiVapt de munc employee s. salariat ~ benefit plan - plan de beneficii al salariailor (participare la profit, pensii, asigurri de santate etc.) ~ buyout cumprare a pachetului majoritar de aciuni ale unei firme de ctre salariatii acesteia ~ counselling - activitate de consilier n problemele salariailor ~ involvement (man.) participare a salariailor (tennen general pentru a defini modalitile prin care angajaii pot participa la conducerea societii n care lucreaz'); cointeresare finan-ciar a salariailor (in performanele societii n care lucreaz) ~ participation - (man.) participare a salariailor (termen general pentru a defini modalitile prin care angajaii pot participa la conducerea societii n care lucreaz) ~ relations relaii cu salariaii representation reprezentare sindical/a salariailor ~ s'amenities - nlesniri/comoditti pentru salariai (transport gratuit, bonificaii etc.)

~ share option - participare opional a salariailor (metod prin care li se ofer angajailor unei societi posibilitatea de a cumpra aciuni ale fespectivei firme la un pre mai sczut dect cursul piee} ~ share/stock ownership plan - plan de vnzare de aciuni salariailor unei firme ~ shareholding - (fnan.) deinere de aciuni de ctre salariai {recompen-sarea salariailor cu aciun) ~ turnover fluctuaie a numrului de salariai employer s. 1. ntreprinztor, antre-prenor 2. patron ~ s' liability policy - poli de asigurare pentru rspunderea patronilor n caz de accidente de munc ~ s' organization sindicat patronal employment s. 1. folosire, ntrebu-inare 2. serviciu, ocupaie; angajare ~ agency/bureau oficiul forelor de munc, agenie de plasare ~ contract - contract de angajare ~ discrimination - discriminare a fortei de munc ~ exchange - birou de plasare ~ protection - protecia locurilor de munc {legislaia refertoare la pstrarea locurilor de munca) ~ report - {man.) raport (social) asupra locurilor de munc emporium s. 1. centru comercial 2. magazin universal empower v.t. amputemici, a autoriza empty adj. gol; neocupat; nencrcat ~ haul - parcurs gol / far ncrctur ~ nesters - singuri n cuib (familii an cror copii i-au luat zborul din cuib", stabilindu-se la propria lor

EMP-ENG

113

cas; reprezint un segment interesant depia) enabling adj. care permite / mputemicete payment (man.) plat / indemnizaie pentru cointeresare / stimulare (acordat conducerii unei societi) enact v.t. 1. a legifera; a promulga, a adopta (o lege) 1. a decreta, a hotr enactment s. 1. legiferare; promulgare, adoptare (a unei legi) 2. decret; ordonan 3. pl. prevederi (ale unei
legi)

encase v.t. a ambala (n lzi, cuti) encasement s. 1. ambalare (in lzi, cuti) 2. ambalaj encash v.t. a ncasa (un cec) enclose v.t. a anexa, a altura (intr-un
plic)

encumber v.t. a greva encumbrance s. datorie; sarcin; ipotec encumbrancer s. creditor ipotecar end s. 1. sfrit, terminare; expirare 2. obiectiv, scop v.t., v.i. a (se) sfri, a (se) termina ~ game - (man.) joc final (straegia final adoptat pentru un produs sau o unitate economic) ~of a risk - (asig.) terminare a unui risc ~ - of - season sale - vnzare / soldare/ la sfrit de sezon ~ product - produs final / fin^ ~ use - utilizare final (utilizarea unui
produs de ctre beneficiar)

~ -user - utilizator final, beneficiar, consumator endorsable adj. andosabil

endorse v.t. 1. a andosa (un efect de comerf) 2. a semna pe verso 3. (over) a transmite prin andosare endorsee s. andosatar endorsement s. andosare (a unui efect de comer) ~ in blank - andosare n alb ~ in full - andosare complet endorser s. andosant endow v.t. 1. a nzestra, a dota 2. a lsa ca motenire endowment s. 1. nzestrare, dotare 2. fdndaie, aezmnt ~ capital - capital de dotare (capital social pus la dispoziia unei sucursale de societatea-mam) ~ mortgage - ipotec asiguratorie '- of life insurance policy - dobndire a unei polie de asigurare de via (tip de contract de asigurare) enforce v.. 1. a aplica (o lege} 2. a executa (o garanie) enforceability s. (dr.) posibilitate de aplicare (a unei leg) enforceable adj. (dr.) executoriu ~ contract - contract executoriu ~ judgement - hotrre judectoreasc executorie enforcement s. 1. aplicare (a unei legi) 2. executare (a unei garani) engineer s. 1. inginer 2. mecanic, mainist v.t. a construi; a proiecta engineering s. 1. inginerie tehnic; tehnologie 2. industria constructiilor de maini ~ department - serviciu tehnic ~ education - nvmnt tehnic ~ insurance - (asig.) asigurare pentru sectorul tehnic ~ standards - standarde tehnice

114

ENG-EQU

~ works - uzin constmctoare de maini engross v.t. 1. a copia; a redacta {un document) 2. a acapara, a monopoliza
(piaa)

enter v.t. 1. a intra n 2. a nscrie, a nregistra 3. a depune (o declaraie vama), a nainta (im protest etc.) 4. a ncheia (o convenie) v.i. 1. (into) a stabili legturi cu; a deveni parte (la o afacere) 1. (upon) a intra n posesia to ~ inwards - a depune declaraia vamal de intrare to ~ outwards - a depune declaraia vamal de plecare enterprise s. 1. spirit ntreprinztor, iniiativ 2. ntreprindere, antrepriz 3. fabric, uzin ~ management - gestiunea ntreprinderii ~ zone - zon de dezvoltare entertainment s. distracie, amuzament; ospitalitate (pentru clieni i parteneri, n interes de afacerz) ~ allowance - (man.) indemnizaie de reprezentare ~ expenses - cheltuieli de reprezentare ~ shares - actiuni ale societilor din industria distraciilor / spectacolelor
(cinema, televiziune, teatru)

entrepreneur s. antreprenor entruck v.t. a ncrca ntr-un camion entrust v.t. a ncredina; a nsrcina entry s. 1. intrare 2. nregistrare,' nscriere; declaratie vamal 3. articol contabil 4. (dr.) intrare n posesie ~ inwards - declaraie vamal de intrare / sosire ~ of goods - declarare a mrfurilor (la vam); nregistrare, intrare ~ outwards - declaratie vamal de plecare ~ visa - viz de intrare ~ environment s. mediu nconjurtor environmental adj. ambiant; ecologic ~ audit - audit ecologic ~ design - design de mediu (designul fabricilor i al cldirilor administrative)

~ liability - obligativitatea de protectie a mediului nconjurtor ~ scanning - studiu de mediu {analiza

mediului economic pentru identificarea

entrance s. 1. intrare 2. (dr.) intrare n posesie ~ duty - tax vamal de import ~ fee - cotizaie de nscriere {intr-o
asociaie)

~ visa - viz de intrare entrepot s. antrepozit; d&pozit {de tranzit) ~ port - port de transbordare ~ trade - comert de tranzit; reexport ~ warehouse - depozit de tranzit

oportunitilor de marketing) environmentalist s. ecolog envoy s. trimis (diplomatic); reprezentant extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary - trimis extraordinar i ministru plenipoteniar equal adj. egal v.t. a egala, a fi egal cu ~ opportunities anse egale (pe piaa muncii) ~ pay - salariu egal equalitarianism s. egalitarism, princi-pii egalitare equality s. egalitate ~ of rights egalitate n drepturi ~ of sacrifice egalitatea sacrificiului (fn teoria impozitri)

EQU-ESS

115

equalization s. egalizare; regularizare; compensare - fund - fond de regularizare / compensare valutar equalize v.t. a egaliza; a regulariza; a compensa (fondul valutar) equate v.t. a egala, a egaliza equation s. egalare, egalizare ~ of payments - scaden comun (a mai multor titluri de valoare.) equilibrium s. echilibru ~ price - pre de echilibru equip v.t. a echipa, a dota; a utila equipment s. 1. echipament; utilaj; instalatii 2. (c./) material rulant ~ leasing leasing de echipament equitable adj. echitabil ~ lien - drept de retenie echitabil ~ mortgage - ipotec echitabil (ipotec nenscris pentru garantarea unui credit) ~ tax - impozit echitabil / progresiv equity s. 1. echitate 2. (dr.) drept natural 3. capital propriu, capitalul acionarilor (defintori de aciuni comune) 4. pl. titluri de valoare (care reprezint capitalul propriu) 5. valoare a unei proprieti imobiliare (minus suma ipotecilor) ~ capital - capital propriu ~ fund - fond mutual cu plasamente n aciimi comune ~ -linked policy - poli de asigurare de via condiionat de profitul aciunilor comune (pepiaa bursier) ~ of a company - capitalul acionarilor (deintori de aciuni comune) of redemptitfn - drept de rscumprare (al unui bun ipotecat) ~ of taxation - echitate a impozitrii ~ shares actiuni comune

~ to - Hxed assets ratio - raportul capital propriu - active fixe ergonometrics ^.ergonometrie ergonomics s. ergonomie erosion s. 1. eroziune (a solului) 2. eroziune (a capitalului) errand s. comision ~ boy - curier; comisionar error s. eroare, greeal ~s and omissions excepted - erorile i omisiunile sunt exceptate (formul pe o factur) escalate v.i. a crete, a spori escalator s. escalator, scar rulant ~ bond - obligaiune cu dobnd variabil ~ clause - clauza salariilor variabile; (com.) clauza variaiei preurilor contractuale escape s. degrevare v.t. a degreva ~ clause - (dr.) clauza degrevrii (de o obligaie contractual); (com.) clauz de salvare / siguran (prevedere a unui acord comercial care i permite unei ri semnatare s suspende concesiile vamale acordate atunci cnd nivelul importurilor afecteaz grav producia intem); (fin.) clauz de evadare (ntr-un conract de subscriere, care i permite bncii de investiii s se elibereze de rspunderea de a cumpra i distribui aciunile companiei) escrow s. (dr.) angajament scris (depus n custodia unei tere persoane care acioneaz conform une nelegeri prealabile) essence s. esen, fond ~ of a contract esena unui contract essential adj. esenial; indispensabil s. pl. articole de prim / strict necesitate ~ data - date eseniale

116

ES;

~ goods - mruri de prim necesitate establish v.t. 1. a stabili {relai) 2. a fonda, a nfiina (o societate) 3. a institui (o tax) 4. a instala, a numi (intr-o funcie) to ~ oneself in business - a se lansa n afaceri establishment s. 1. stabilire 2. fondare, nfmare (a unei societ) 3. instituie; sediu; ntreprindere 4. schem (de personal) 5. venit; salariu ~ charges cheltuieli generale estate s. 1. clas social; stare / poziie social 2. avere, bunuri; patrimoniu 3. proprietate funciar ~ agency / offce - agenie imobiliar ~ agent - agent imobiliar ~ duty / tax impozit succesoral / pe motenire free from encumbrances proprietate liber de sarcini / neipotecat ~ in tail - proprietate cu drept de motenire limitat ~ manager - administrator funciar estimate s. 1. estimare, evaluare 2. sum sau cantitate evaluat 3. deviz 4. pl. proiect de buget v.t. a estima, a evalua v.i. a alctui un deviz ~ of costs - deviz estimativ ~ of the risk - (asig.) evaluare a riscului estimative adj. estimativ ~ cost - cost estimativ / dup deviz estimator s. estimator, preuitor, calculator ethical adj. etic, moral ~ advertising publicitate etic ~ goods - produse (medicale) etice ~ investment - investiie etic

euro s. euro (unitate mone

european)

Eurobond s. euroobligaiune Eurocapital s. eurocapital Eurocard s. eurocard Eurocheque s. eurocec Eurocrat s. eurocrat (funcionai
organismelor europene)

Eurocurrency s. eurovalut Eurodollar s. eurodolar Euromarket s. europia Euromoney v. Eurocurrency European adj. european ~ Currency Unit - unitate mon< european ~ option - (bur.) opiune europ
{carepoatefi exercitat de cumpca numai la sfritul exerciiului)

Europort s. europort Eurosterling s. eurolir (sterlin) evade v.t. a eluda, a evita; a se susl
de la {ndeplinirea obligaiilor, {

impozitelor etc.) evaluate v.t. a evalua, a estima evasion s. evaziune ~ of tax - evaziune fiscal even adj. 1. egal 2. par, cu sc lichidat, ncheiat (despre socoteli ntreg, rotund (despre sume de 1 v.t. (up) a balansa (un conf) ~ deal - operaie far profit pierdere ~ money - sum rotund to break ~ - a atinge pl rentabilittii \
evict (rfr.) v.t. 1. a evacua 2. a rec

legal eviction (dr.) s. 1. evacuare 2, reu( n posesie ,

ex prep. 1. (bur fin.) fa- 2. (< (ynduf) din (despre mdrfw) \

EX-EXC

in
- CMk flow - flux de numerar suptnnextfar (pe care o societate l pocae ckdtmpentru dezvoltare) ~ clause - (asig.) clauza surplusului (prin care prana parte a daunei este suportat de asigurat} ~ demand - cerere excedentar ~ fare (c.f.) supliment de bilet ~ freight - (mar.) navlu excesiv ~ of assets over liabilities excedent al activului fa de pasiv ~ offer ofert excedentar ~ of free board - (mar.) surplus de bord liber ~ price - suprapre ~ profit - supraprofit ~ profits tax - impozit pe supraprofit ~ reserves - rezerve excedentare (ale uneibnc) ~ retention tax - impozit pe profitul excedentar nedistribuit (impozit pe dividendele nedistribuite primite de o societate de investiii financiare) ~ shares aciuni excedentare (aciuni prefereniale necumprate la emisiune de acionarii existen} ~ ticket - (c.f.) supliment pentru diferena de clas ~ weight - surplus de greutate exchange s. 1. schimb 2. burs v.t. (for) a schimba (pe, pentru) v.i. (for) a avea valoarea de, a valora {despre ban) ~ arbitrage - arbitraj valutar ~ at parity schimb la paritate ~ broker / dealer - agent de schimb valutar ~ clause - clauz valutar ~ contract borderou de schimb valutar

- all - far profit - bond - vmuit - bonus / capitalization / scrip - far capitalizare ~ claim / new / rights - fr drepturi
(prefereniale la o nou emisiune de aciuni)

~ coupon - far cupon ~ dividend - fr dividend ~ dock / quay / wharf - din doc / chei ~ factory / mill / works - din uzin ~ interest - fr dobnd
~ ship - din nav (in portul de livrare)

~ warehouse - din depozit

exact adj. exact v.t. a cere, a reclama (plata unei taxe etc.)

exactable adj. exigibil (despre un

impozif)

exacter s. ncasator (de impozite)', agent fiscal exaction s. 1. cerere, pretenie (de bani etc.) 2. pretentie nelegal (de bani)', impunere (fiscal) nejustificat exactor v. exacter exceed v.t. a depi (un ermen etc.) except prep. cu excepia, n afar de v.t. a excepta, a exclude exception s. 1. excepie 2. (dr.) rezerv, excepiune ~ principle - principiul excepiei, management prin eliminare (reinerea aspectelor critice n derimentul celor neeseniale de ctre manager) exceptional adj. excepional ~ clause - clauz excepional ~ items - (cont.) articole excepionale excess s. exces, excedent, surplus adj. excesiv, excedentar ~ capacity - capacitate excedentar

118

EXC-EXE

~ control - reglementare a schimbului valutar ~ department - serviciu valutar ~ economy - economie de schimb ~ equalization fund - fond de regularizare a schimbului valutar ~ fluctuations - fluctuaii ale cursului ~ for forward / future delivery operaii de schimb la termen ~ for spot delivery - operatii de schimb n numerar ~ fund - fond .mutual de schimb (al
titlurilor de valoare deinute de investitori pentru aciuni n fondul respectiv)

~ jobber - intermediar de schimburi valutare ~ law - drept de schimb; drept cambial ~ market - piaa devizelor ~ office - birou de schimb valutar ~ of ratifications - schimb de instrumente de ratificare ~ of shares - schimb / transfer de actiuni (intre dou sau mai multe companii care fuzioneaz) ~ order - ordin de burs ~ parity - paritate de schimb ~ premium - (fin.) agio ~ quotations - cotaii bursiere ~ rate - rat de schimb ~ rate exposure - expunere la riscul fluctuaiei unei valute, risc valutar ~ rate mechanism - mecanismul ratei de schimb ~ ratio - rat de schimb (inr-o fuziune, numrul de aciuni pe care socetatea achizitoare trebuie s e dea pentru fiecare aciune a firmei-int) ~ restrictions - restdcii valutare ~ risk - risc de schimb, risc valutar ~ value - valoare de schimb

exchangeability s. posibilitate de schimb exchangeable adj. care poate fi schimbat; de schimb ~ value - valoare de schimb exchanger s. agent de schimb valutar exchequer s. trezorerie excisable s. impozabil ~ goods - mrfuri supuse accizelor excise s. 1. acciz 2. organ nsrcinat cu colectarea accizelor v.t. a impune plata accizelor ~ duty / tax - acciz ~ permit - certificat de plat a accizelor exciseman s. accizar, agent de colectare a accizelor excited adj. (bur.) agitat, foarte activ (despre pia) exclusive adj. exclusiv; unic ~ agent - reprezentant unic ~ economic zone - zon economic exclusiv (in largul coastei maritime aparinnd unei ri) ~ jurisdiction -jurisdicie exclusiv ~ right - drept exclusiv ~ sales agreement - acord exclusiv de vnzri (intre furnizor i comerciantul
locat)

execute v.t. 1. a executa, a ndeplini {un contract) 1. a aplica (o lege) 3. a sanciona, a valida (un act, o lege) execution s. 1. executare, ndeplinire (a unui contract) 1. (dr.) sancionare, validare 3. (dr.) sechestru executor ~ creditor - creditor n favoarea cmia s-a dat o sentin executorie executive s. 1. organ executiv; conducere 2. director, administrator (al unei frme) adj. 1. executiv 2. administrativ

EXE-EXP

119

- agreement (SUA) acord prezidenial (incheiat de preedinte cu un stat strin, care nu necesit aprobarea senatulu} ~ authority - putere executiv ~ body - organ executiv ~ committee - comitet executiv ~ director / manager - director executiv ~ offcer - funcionar superior ~ order - decret-lege executor s. 1. executant 2. executor testamentar 3. agentjudectoresc ~ 's year - (dr.) anul executorului (perioada de un an n care executorul trebuie s execute testamentul) executory adj. 1. executiv 2. (dr.) executoriu ~ consideration - compensaie / contraprestaie executorie ~ contract - contract executoriu ~ trust - tutel executorie exemplary adj. exemplar ~ damages - (dr.) daune exemplare / agravate / punitive exempt adj. scutit; absolvit s. persoan scutit de impozite etc. v.t. a scuti ~ from taxation - scutit de impunere ~ personnel - personal care nu beneficiaz de vechimea n munc; personal care nu are dreptul la ore suplimentare exemption s. scutire; absolvire ~ clause - clauz de exonerare (de rspundere n cazul nclcrii obligaiilor contractuale) exercise s. exercitiu, exercitare v.t. a exercita ~ price - (bur.) pre de exerciiu {cursul la care cumprtorul unei opiuni de cumprare sau vnzare

poate dobndi sau ceda activul n

cauz) exhaust v.t. a epuiza (resurse, fonduri

etc.)

exhibit s. exponat v.t. a expune, a prezenta exhibition s. 1. expunere, prezentare 2. expoziie; trg de mostre ~ room - sal de expoziie ~ stand - stand expoziional exhibitor s. expozant existing adj. existent, actual ~ -use value - valoare n uz (yaloarea unui teren sau a unei cldiri pe pia dac se pstreaz aceeai destinaie i aceleai dotri ca n momentul
vinderi)

exonerate v.t. a exonera exoneration s. exonerare ~ clause - clauz de exonerare expand v.t., v.i. a (se) extinde, a (se) dezvolta expansion s. expansiune, dezvoltare expatriate s. expatriat (persoan trimis de firma unde este angajat s lucreze n strintate) expectancy s. (man.) expectativ, ateptare {nivel al efortului pe care un salariat consider c trebuie s-l depun pentru a-i ndeplini sarcinile i obiectivele de lucru) expectation s. 1. expectativ, ateptare 2. pl. ateptri, perspective (in economie) ~ of life - durata medie de via expel v.t. a exclude (dintr-o organizaie)

expendv.r. acheltui expendable adj. consumabil; nerecuperabil expenditure s. cheltuial; cheltuieli

120

EXP

~ capital plan - plan / program de investiii ~ tax - impozit pe consum expense 5. 1. cheltuial 2. pl. cheltuieli constante (ale unei ntreprinderi) ~ account - decont ~ ratio - (asig., com.) rata cheltuielilor (raportul dintre cheltuieli i volumul vnzrilor / profitulu) expensive adj. scump expensiveness s. scumpete; preuri ridicate expert adj., s. expert ~ advice / opinion aviz competent ~'s findings - concluzii ale expertului ~'s report - raport al specialistului, expertiz ~ workman - lucrtor specialist expertise s. expertiz expiration s. expirare (a unui temien) expire v.i. a expira expiry v. expiration exploit v.t. a exploata {un zcmnt) exploitation s. exploatare ~ engineer - inginer de exploatare exploration s. explorare, prospeciune ~ boring / drilling - foraj de prospeciune ~ lease - perimetru de explorare ~ licence concesiune / licen de prospeciune (pentru descoperirea zcmintelor de hidrocarburi) ~ work - lucrri de prospeciune explore v.t. a explora, a prospecta export s. 1. export; exportare 2. articol de export 3. pl. exporturi, total al exportului v.t. a exporta ~ agent / merchant - agent de export ~ bonus / bounty - prim de export ~ commission agent - comisionar de export

~ credit - credit la export ~ credit agency - agenie de garantare a creditelor de export ~ credit insurance - asigurare a creditelor de export ~ documents - documente de export ~ duty - tax de export ~ house - firm de export ~ incentives - stimulente / faciliti pentru export ~ invoice - factur de expediie ~ licence - licen de export ~ list - list a mrfurilor de export ~ manager - director al departamentului de export ~ packing - ambalaj de export ~ permit - autorizaie de export ~ price - pre de export ~ quota - cot de export ~ restrictions - restricii la export ~ sales - valoare a exporturilor ~ specification - declaraie de export ~ subsidy - subvenie de export ~ -tax relief - reducere a impozitului pe profitul obtinut la export ~ tonnage - (mar.) tonaj al navelor destinate exportului ~ trade - comert de export exporter s. exportator ~s declarations - declaraii vamale / ale exportatorilor exporting adj. exportator ~ country - ar exportatoare express adj. 1. expres, formal 2. expres, special 3. expres, accelerat s. 1. tren expres 2. expres, expediere rapid
(a unei scrisor) 3. (SUA) expediere

prin mesagerie adv. expres; cu expresul v.t. 1. a exprima, a formula 2. a trimite cu trenul expres 3. a expedia urgent (p

EXP-EXT

121

scrisoare) 4. (SUA) a expedia prin mesagerie ~ agreement - acord expres ~ company - companie de mesagerie ~ delivery - livrare expres / rapid ~ goods - mrfuri de mare vitez ~ mail - pot rapid ~ parcel - colet expres ~ service - serviciu expres ~ train - tren expres ~ trust - mputemicire expres ~ warranties - garanii exprese; clauze exprese expressage s. (SUA) 1. serviciu de mesagerie 2. tax de mesagerie expressman 5. (SUA) agent al unei companii de mesagerie expressway s. (SUA) autostrad expropriate v.t. a expropria expropriation s. expropriere ~ zone - zon de expropriere extend v.t. 1. a extinde 2. a prelungi; a amna (un termen) 3. a acorda
(privilegi) v. i. a se extinde

extendible adj. extensibil ~ bond - obligaiune extensibil (obligaiune pe termen scurt care i ofer deintorului opiunea de a o
schimba cu o cantitate similar de datorii pe termen lung, nainte de o dat specificata)

extension 5. 1. extindere; amploare 2. prelungire; amnare (a un^ termen) ~ of demand - extindere a cererii (ca
urmare a scderii preurilor)

extensive adj. extensiv ~ agriculture - agricultur extensiv extent s. 1. extindere, ntindere 2. msur, grad 3. (dr.) evaluare (a unei
averi funciare)

~ of business - volum de afaceri

~ of the damage - grad de avarie external adj. extem, exterior ~ audit - audit extem (efecuat de specialiti din afara instituie) ~ bill - (SUA) cambie extem (emis ntr-o ar ipltibil n altd) ~ convertibility - convertibilitate extem ~ debt - datorie extem deficit - deflcit al balanei comerciale ~ economies - economii exteme de scar (care vizeaz o ntreag ramur industrial) ~ financial statement - (con.) situaie financiar extem ~ liabilities - datorii exteme (datorii ale unei societi ctre instituii sau persoane, altele dect acionarii ei) ~ loan mprumut extem ~ payments - plti exteme surplus balan de pli excedentar ~ trade - comer exterior extinguish v.t. a stinge, a achita (o datorie) v.t. a extorca extort extortion s. extorcare extra adj. 1. suplimentar, aditional, extra 2. de calitate suplimentar, extra s. 1. plat suplimentar; pl. cheltuieli suplimentare 2. calitate superioar 3. ediie special (a unui ziar) adv. n plus, suplimentar ~ allowance / discount - bonificaie suplimentar / special ~ charge supliment de pre; supratax ~ cost - cost suplimentar / marginal ~ dividend - dividend suplimentar ~ freight - (mar.) navlu suplimentar

"1
_122__________________________________________________EX|

~ pay - spor de salariu; plat extractive adj. extractiv i suplimentar ~ industry - industria extractiv 1 premium (asig.) prim extraordinary adj. extraordinar suplimentar ~ expenses - cheltuieli extraordinare ~ price - pre special; pre suplimentar ~ general meeting - adunarea generali ~ profit - profit suplimentar extraordinar (a acionarior) ~ risk - (asig.) risc special / ~ items - (cont.) articole extraordinarc ~ reserve - rezerv extraordinar (a ~ weight - greutate suplimentar suplimentar, unei bnc) supragreutate extrinsic adj. extrinsec, extem ~ work - ore suplimentare ~ value - valoare extrinsec extract s. extras ~ of account - extras de cont

ft

F
fabricate v.t. 1. a produce, a fabrica; a prefabrica 2. a falsifica (M?I document)
face ^. fa

~ lift - cosmetizare (a unui magazin, a ambalajului unui produs, a unei situaii financiare) ~ value - (fin.) valoare nominal facilitate v.t. 1. a facilita, a uura 2. a promova, a ncuraja facilities s. pl. facihtti, nlesniri; privilegii, avantaje ~ for payment - faciliti de plat facsimile s. facsimil v.t. a reproduce n facsimil ~ signature - facsimil de semntur ~ stamp - facsimil de sigiliu factor s. 1. agent mijlocitor, intermediar; comisionar 2. (SUA) finn de factoring (societate financiar care acord mprumuturi garantate prin creane} 3. factor ~ analysis - analiz factorial ~ analysis chart technique - tehnica diagramelor de analiz factorial ~ comparison method - metoda comparrii factorilor (in evaluarea unei
activiti)

~ cost - cost al factorilor de producie ~ market - piaa factorilor de producie ~ of safety - coeficient de siguran ~ price - pre al factorilor de productie ~ s of production - factori de producie

factorage s. 1. intermediere (a unei afaceri, a unei tranzaci) 2. comision (de intermediere) factoring s. factoring {metod de fnanare a efectelor de comer de ncasat prin care o firm vinde creanele unei societi definanare) factory s. fabric; uzin ~ cost - pre de cost/fabric; cheltuieli de productie ~ expenses/overheads cheltuieli generale/de regie ~ farm - ferm industrial ~ hand - muncitor industrial ~ -made goods mrfuri de fabric/industriale ~ price - pre de fabric ~ process - procedeu/metod de fabricaie ~ railway - cale ferat uzinal ~ sale vnzare din fabric ~ ship/vessel - navuzin (pentru prelucrarea petelui la bord) facultative adj. facultativ ~ endorsement andosare facultativ ~ reinsurance reasigurare facultativ fail v.i. 1. a da faliment 2. a fi sub ateptri, a nu corespunde ateptrilor (despre o recolt) failure s. 1. faliment 2. nereuit, eec 3. lips; insuficien 4. pierdere, pagub 5. avarie, pan ~ of electricity - pan de curent ~ of the crops - recolte proaste ~ to pay - neplat

124

FAI-FAM

fair s. 1. trg; blci, iarmaroc 2. expoziie (de mostre) 3. bazar (filantropic) adj. cinstit, corect 2. convenabil, acceptabil (despre preuri) ~ average quality calitate medie bun (despre gru) ~ claim pretenie rezonabil ~ competition concuren loial ~ copy - exemplar corectat; copie exact ~ dealing - comportare corect (fn afacerf); tranzacii corecte ~ market value - valoare real de pia ~ price - pre convenabil ~ quality calitate acceptabil ~ quantity - cantitate suficient ~ rate of exchange - curs de schimb favorabil ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) acceptabile ~ - trade agreement - (SUA) acord de fixare a preurilor de revnzare (sistem de vnzare n care preurile la ultimul consumaor sunt stabilite de productor) ~ wear and tear - amortizare normal (a unui activfix) ~ yield - randament bun to make ~ profits - a realiza beneficii normale fairway s. canal/pas de navigaie; enal fake s. 1. falsificare, contrafacere 2. neltorie, escrocherie adj. fals, contrafacut v.t. (up) 1. a falsifica, a contraface 2. a. nela, a escroca fall s. scdere (a preului) v.i. 1. (away) a se diminua 2. (back) a scdea din nou (despre preuri etc.) 3. (back on/upon) a apela la, a cuta un sprijin

n 4. (in) a expira (despre un contract); a ajunge la scaden (despre o datorie); a deveni vacant (despre un post) 5. (in with) a fi de acord cu 6. (off) a scdea {despre ncasri etc.) 7. (through) a eua (despre negocieri) ~ - back pay - salariu de subzisten to ~ due - a fi scadent to ~ under the hammer - a fi vndut la licitaie to buy on a ~ a cumpra ntr-un moment de scdere (a preurilor, a cursuu) fallow s. teren/ogor necultivat, prloag adj. necultivat, nelenit v.t. a deseleni ground/land/soil teren/ogor necultivat, pdoag false adj. 1. fals 2. incorect, inexact ~ colours - (mar.) pavilion naional fals entry nscriere fals (in documentele vamale) ~ pretences - (dr.) identitate fals, impostur (pentru ncasarea unni cec) falsification s. falsificare ~ of accounts (cont.) falsificare a conturilor falsifier s. falsificator falsify v.t. afalsifica family s. familie ~ allowance - alocaie de familie (pentru copii) ~ business - afacere de familie ~ doctor medic de medicin general ~ frm asociaie familial ~ hotel - hotel ieftin pentru familii ~ life cycle - ciclu de via al familiei (divizarea pieei pe sectoare, n funcie de cheltuielile ocazionate de structura i evoluia n timp afamiliei)

FAM-FEE

125

~ planning - planificare familial ~ reunion fare - pre pentru vizitarea familiei (preu unui bilet ntors pe o linie aerian pentru cltorii care i viziteaz membri ai familiei dintr-o
ar ndeprtata)

famine s. foamete ~ prices - preuri mari ale alimentelor (datorit lipsei acestora) fancy adj. de calitate superioar; de lux ~ goods - articole de mod; mrfuri de lux fare s. 1. cost al unei cltorii/curse; bilet 2. cltor, pasager 3. mncare, mas farm s, ferm v.t. 1. a lucra, a cultiva (pmntul) 1. a arenda, a lua n arend v.i. a cultiva pmntul ~ equipment - utilaj agricol ~ hand - muncitor agricol ~ practices - agrotehnic ~ subsidies - subventii agricole farmer s. 1. fermier 2. arenda farming s. 1. cultivare a pmnului; agricultur 2. arendare; arend ~ lease - contract de arendare farmland s. teren agricol farmstead s. ferm (cu toate dependinele) farmyard v. farmstead fashion s. 1. fel, mod, chip, manier 2. mod; stil; gen; vog; 3. croial, fason, form v.t. a transforma, a schimba; a da o linie nou ~ designer - creator de modele de rochii ~ goods - mrfuri la mod (mai ales articole de vestimentaie) ~ magazine -jumal de mod

~ shares - (bur.) aciuni la mod (foarte cutate pentru o scurt perioad de timp) ~ show - parad de mod fashionable adj. la mod; modem fast adj. rapid ~ delivery - livrare rapid ~ foods - fast foods, alimente pentru consum rapid (alimente special ambalate i preparate pentru a fl consumate imediat) ~ freight line - (c./) linie/rut de transport de marfa de mare vitez ~ - moving consumer goods - bunuri de consum cu circulaie rapid fathom s. bra/stnjen marin (unitate de msur pentru lungime) fault s. defect; deficien ~ detection defectoscopie ~ detector / finder / locator -defectoscop faulty adj. defectuos, cu defect ~ product produs cu defect favorable adj. favorabil ~ balance - balan (comercial, de pli) activ / excedentar feasibility s. fezabilitate ~ study/survey - studiu de fezabilitate ~ test - prob de fezabilitate feasible adj. fezabil featherbedding s. 1. aciune a sindicatelor care se opun concedierilor i solicit patronatului meninerea unui personal supradimensionat 2. msuri guvemamentale de proejare a eco-nomiei naionale prin acordarea de subvenii sau tarife vamale protecio-niste fee s. 1. retribuie; onorariu 2. tax colar 3. cotizaie 4. (dr.) proprietate ereditar v.t. a plti un onorariu

126

FEE-F

~ income - venit din comisioane ~ simple - proprietate funciar absolut (cu drept de a o transmite
oricrui motenitor)

~ tail - proprietate funciar limitat (cu drept de a o transmite unei categorii limitate de motenitor) feedstock s. materie prim (m industria petrochimic) fence s. 1. tinuitor de lucmri furate 2. loc de pstrare a lucrurilor furate fiat s. decret; ordin, ordonan ~ money -moned fictiv ~ standard - (fin.) etalon fictiv fictitious adj. fictiv ~ assets - active fictive/nominale ~ name - nume fictiv ~ payee - beneficiar fictiv (al unei
pli)

feld s. 1. teren 2. domeniu < activitate); specialitate adj. 1. de tei 2. agricol ~ agent - agent pentru vnza -cumprare de terenuri ~ crop - cultur de cmp ~ experiments - experiment/probe scar natural ~ hand - muncitor agricol ~ personnel/staff - personal de teren ~ research - anchet de teren ~ sales manager - director responsal cu vnzrile pe teren ~ warehousing - (fin.) depozitl
extem / pe teren (metod de finantt a stocurilor prin care acestea si depozitate la sediulfirmei creditoar^

~ person - persoan juridic ~ sale - vnzare fictiv fidelity s. fidelitate; onestitate ~ insurance - asigurare (a patronulu) mpotriva pierderilor cauzate de eventuala lips de onestitate a unui angajat; asigurare mpotriva nerespectrii obligaiilor contractuale fiduciary adj. fiduciar ~ bond - garanie fiduciar (pentru un administrator fiduciar) ~ circulation circulaie fiduciar ~ issue - emisiune fduciar ~ loan - mprumut fiduciar/negarantat ~ money/note issue moned fiduciar ~ responsibility - responsabilitate fiduciar (a administrrii unui fond de pensii) ~ standard - etalon fiduciar

fight s. lupt ~ reaction - (man.) reacie rezisten/lupt (cauzat de stresul

locul de munc i manifestat JM

combativitate, contraargumente etc.) figure s. 1. cifr, numr 2. pre v.. 1 reprezenta (grafic) 2. a exprima cifre; a pune preul la 3.(m) a incla (costul) 4. (on) a pune la socoteala tine seama de 5. (out) a calcula, estima; a scdea (cifre) 6. (up) a adu a totaliza figureless adj. fr cifre ~ accounts - contabilizare fr ci {bazat pe simboluri, pentru tf
conducerii)

file s. 1. arhiv 2. dosare 3. fii cartotec v.t. a nregistra, a ch (documente ntr-o arhiv, un fiier\ fia filing s. nregistrare, clasare; fiare ~ cabinet - fiier, cartotec ~ clerk - funcionar / secretar pefl clasarea documentelor

FIL-FIN

127

~ system - sistem de clasare/clasificare fill v.t. 1. a umple 2. a executa (o comand, un comision) 3. a ocupa (wn po.s'r); a exercita (o funcie) 4. (out) a completa (unformular, un cec etc.) filler A". umplutur ~ cargo - caric / ncrctur de umplutur final adj. final ~ accounts - raport final/anual (al consiliului de administraie) ~ application - ultima somaie (adresatd unui datornic) ~ balance - sold net ~ consumption - consum de produse finite ~ date - ultimul termen ~ distribution - ultima distribuire (a profitului unei societi, sub forma dividendelor, fcut de obicei la sfrit de an) ~ goods - produse finite ~ invoice - factur definitiv ~ judgement - sentin definitiv / executorie ~ money - depozite sau credite bancare (transferabile prin cec) ~ notice - avizare final ~ port - port final de destinaie ~ sailing - (mar.) plecare definitiv (din port) ~ stowage plan - (mar.) cargoplan fnal, plan de ncrcare fnal ~ utility - utilitate marginal fnance s. 1. finane, tiina fmanelor 2. pl. finane, venituri v.t. a finana v.i. a se ocupa cu afaceri/speculaii financiare ~ bill - cambie financiar; cambie bancar

~ company/house - societate de credit (care finaneaz achiziionarea de bunuri cu plata n rate) ~ department - serviciu financiar ~ market - pia financiar; pia de capital rinancial adj. financiar ~ accounting - contabilitate financiar ~ analysis - analiz financiar ~ assets - active financiare ~ assistance - ajutor financiar ~ body - organ financiar ~ books - registre / evidene contabile ~ break - even point - prag de rentabilitate ~ discipline - disciplin financiar ~ engineering - inginerie financiar ~ futures - contracte financiare futures/la termen ~ incentive - cointeresare financiar ~ indicators - indicatori financiari ~ intermediation - intermediere financiar ~ investment - investiie fmanciar ~ leasing - leasing de finanare ~ liability - obligatie financiar ~ management - management financiar ~ markets - piee financiare ~ paper - (SUA) efect de comert de complezen pe termen scurt ~ policy - politic financiar ~ position/standing - situaie financiar ~ ratio - indice financiar ~ risk - risc financiar (riscul de a nu mai putea acoperi cheltuielile fxe financiare - dobnzi, dividende prefereniale, fonduri de amortizare) statement raport financiar (raportul anual al consiliului de

128

FIN-FTR

administraie); {cont.) situaie financiar ~ structure - structur financiar; stmctur de finanare ~ year - an/exerciiu financiar financier ^. fmanciar, om de finane; bancher; om de afaceri v.t. a finana
' ' ' *. *^

~ offer - ofert ferm ~ order - comand ferm ~ prices - preuri fixe/stabile ~ seller - vnztor ferm frst s. 1. prim, nti 2. pl. mrfuri dc calitate superioar adj. prim, nti call - (bur.) prima solicitare (prirna

fine s. 1. amend 2. penalizare (impus tran pentru achitarea unui pachet de de sindicat membrilor care ncalc regulile acestuia) adj. pur, fin (despre metale) v.t. a amenda; a penaliza ~ bank/trade bill - cambie de clasa nti ~ bullion - lingou de aur sau argint pur ~ aciuni) rate - rata curent a dobnzii (pentru ~ class - clasa nti creditele acordate de bnci) fmeness s. 1. ~ class/-rate - de prima calitate, de titlu (al metalelor preioase) 1. calitate calitate superioar ~ come, first served - (mar.) primul superioar (a unui articol) finish s. 1. sfrit, terminare 2. fmisaj 3. sosit, primul operat (operat n ordinea cherestea superioar v.t. 1. a sfri, a termina sosirii) 2. a finisa finished adj. finit; finisat ~ goods ~ cost - pre de fabric; cost dc producie inventory - stocuri de produse finite ~ ~ - half year - (bur., cont.) primul product - produs finit fire s. incendiu ~ semestru goods - mrftu-i inflamabile ~ insurance - ~ - hand distribution - distribuie i asigurare mpotriva incendiilor mrfurilor fr intermediari ~ in, first out
~ loss adjuster - evaluator al pagubelor produse de incendii (angajat al unei societi de asigurr) ~ risk - risc de incendiu irm s. fiYma, casa Ae come adj. \. ferm 2. fix, stabil ~ buyer - cumprtor ferm ~ commitment - angajament ferm (al subscriitorului fa de ntreaga emi-siune de titluri de valoare) ~ market - pia fenn

- (conr.) primul intrat primul ieit {metod de control a stocurilor care presupune c mrfuril cumprate mai demult vor fi utilizat prioritar n procesul de producie) ~ - line management primul ealo de conducere (imediat superic salariailor obinuii)
- -line manager - ef de echip ~ mortgage - ipotec prioritar; prin ipotec ~ - mortgage bond - (SU obligaiune cu ipotec prioritar - ot exchange - primul exemplar unei cambi) ~ open water deschidere a navig (w zone cu nghe i sloiuri) ~ outlays chdtuidi imia^ instalare

~ piece time - timp de fabricaie a primei piese (dinr-un lof) - premium - (asig.) prima prim ~ quality - calitate superioar, calitatea nti ~ refusal - drept de ofert prioritar fiscal adj. fiscal; financiar ~ drag - obstacol/piedic fiscal, excedent al bugetului fiscal ~ duties - taxe fiscale - monopoly - monopol fiscal/de stat ~ neutrality - neutralitate fiscal ~ period - exercitiu financiar ~ policy - politic fiscal/bugetar ~ stamp - timbru fiscal

~ -course rotation - asolament de cinci ani ~ -year plan - plan cincinal fix v.t. 1. a fixa, a consolida 2. a fixa, a stabili (preul, data etc.) 3. (mar.) a afreta, a navlosi fixed adj. 1. fixat, consolidal 2. fixat, stabilit ~ assets - active/mijloace fixe ~ assets turnover - rotaia activelor

fixe (raportul dintre vnzri i activele fixe care msoar utilizarea instalaiilor i a echipamentelor)
~ capital - capital fix ~ charge - sarcin/garanie fix

~ year - an fiscal/bugetar
fiscality s. fiscalitate fish s. pete v.i. a pescui ~ breedmg/culture/farming/husbandy - piscicultur ~ carrier - barcaz de pete ~ trawler - trauler de pescuit ~ trawling - pescuit prin traulare fishery s. 1. pescuit, activitate de pescuit 2. zon de pescuit 3. (dr.) drept de pescuit fishing s. 1. pescuit 2. zon de pescuit ~ boat - nav de pescuit ~ cutter/vessel - pescador ~ fleet - flot de pescuit ~ ground - zon de pescuit - harbour - port pescresc ~ licence - permis/licen de pescuit ~ scow - aland de pescuit ~ season - sezon de pescuit ~ trade - pescuit industrial; comert cu pete fishmonger s. negustor de pete - ' s shop - magazin de pescrie five num. cinci

(dreptul creditorului fiind limitat la un anumit activ al unei societi)

~ cost - cost fix ~ credit - credit fix ~ debenture - obligarune cu garantie fix - debt - (S[/A) datorie consolidat ~ deposit account - cont de depuneri

la termen
~ depreciation - amortizare fix ~ duty - tax f.x/specific ~ exchange rates - cursuri de schimb fixe ~ expenses - cheltuieli fixe/constante ~ income - venit fix ~ income mutual fund - fond mutual care ofer sume fixe investitorilor - interest securities - titluri de valoare cu dobnd fxa. ~ interval reorder system - sistem de comenzi la intervale fixe ~ investment - investiie fix (n infrastructur) ~ job contract - contract (de munc) pentru o anumit lucrare ~ laydays (mar.) stalii contractuale

130

FIX-FU

~ liabilities - datorii pe termen lung ~ order system - sistem de comenzi n cantiti fixe penalty bond - contract cu penalitate fix (in cazul cnd o obligaie contractua nu este ndeplinit) ~ price - pre fix/maxim (stabilit de guvern) ~ property - bunuri imobile ~ rate - curs {de schimb) fix ~ term contract - contract (de munc) pe termen fix ~ trust - societate de investiii financiare ntr-un sector fix/limitat ~ weight - greutate moart/proprie fixing s. 1. fixare, stabilire; (fin.) fixing (al cursurilor de schimb, al preului aurului la burs) 2. pl. accesorii ~ prices by trial and error - fixare a preurilor prin tatonri fixture s. dispozitiv de fixare/prindere; accesoriu 2. (mar.) navlosire, afretare 3. contract de navlosire 4. (dr.) dependine flag s. (mar.) pavihon ~ clause - clauza pavilionului ~ of convenience/necessity - pavilion avantajos ~ share - prima de pavilion ~ surtax - supratax de pavilion flanker s. persoan sau obiect aflat n flanc ~ brand - marc de flanc (marc nou lansat de o companie ce comercializeaz deja o alta n aceeai categorie de produs) flat s. apartament adj. 1. uniform 2. unic; invariabil 3. inactiv (despre o piay, fr dobnd capitalizat (pe

piaa de capita) 4. categoric, ferm ad\ far dobnd ~ cost - pre de fabric; cost d producie ~ market - pia inactiv ~ organization - organizaie orizontal (tip de organiwre n care autoritate. managerial nu se transmite pe scar
ierarhic)

~ price - pre unic ~ - rate tariff - tarif forfetar/uniform ~ tax - impozit uniform ~ yield - randament invariabil (rat dobnzii unui titlu de valoare c
dobndfixa)

flatcar s. (SUA) vagon-platform flaw s. 1. marf cu defect; rebut 2. (dr. viciu de form ~ detector - defectoscop flawless adj. fr defect; perfect fleet s. 1. flot 2. parc (d autovehicule) ~ rating - evaluare a flotei sau parcului (n vederea asigurrii) ~ terms - reduceri contractuale de pn pentru parcul de autovehicule (dac acestea sunt cumprate de la o singw firm) flexibility s. flexibilitate, elasticitate ~ of taxation - flexibilitate impozitrii flexible adj. flexibil, elastic ~ budget - buget flexibil ~ manning - ncadrare flexibil c personal ~ organization - (man.) organizai flexibil ~ tariff - tarif (yamal) flexibil i ~ trust - societate de investi( financiare flexibile (in orice sector) i

FLE-FLO

~ working hours - program de munc flexibil; norm flexibil flight s. 1. zbor 2. exod, scurgere (de fondur) ~ of capital - exod al capitalului {dintr-o anumit ar n strintate, cauzat de inflaie accentuat, instabilitate politic etc.) ~ reaction - (man.) reacie de cedare/plecare (cauzat de stresul la locul de munc i manifestat prin lips de interes, solicitare de concedii
etc.)

~ rate note - titlu de valoare cu curs fluctuant floor s. 1. 1. planeu; prag, nivel, limit inferioar {a preurilor, a salariilor etc.) 2. (fin.) floor {poli de asigurare care l protejeaz pe investitor de riscul scderii dobnzilor sub un anumit nivel) 3. etaj 4. sala principal (a unei burse) emisiun) ~ member - membru al bursei floater s. 1. muncitor ocazional 2. ~ plan - plan de amplasare (a poli de asigurare flotant 3. pl. suprafeelor de producie) obligaiuni guvemamentale la purttor; ~ space - spaiu comercial (la parterul titlu de valoare la purttor; obligaiune. unei cldir} municipal cu dobnd flotant floating adj. floorwalker s. ef de raion (ntr-un flotant ~ assets/capital - capital circulant; magazin universal) fond de rulment flotsam s. {mar.) ncrctur luat de ~ cargo - caric, ncrctur a unei nave valuri (aflat n stare de plutire) ~ charge - sarcin/garanie flotant flourish v.i. a nflori, a se dezvolta, a (dreptul creditorului extinzndu-se la prospera toate activele unei societ) flourishing adj. nfloritor, prosper ~ clause - (mar.) clauza permanent n ~ trade - comert nfloritor stare de plutire" flow ^. 1. flux 2. proces tehnologic ~ currency - moned fluctuant

float ^. sume flotante (cecuri aflate n procesul de transfer de la o banc la alta) v.t. 1. a lansa (un mprumut), a emite (o emisiune de obligaiuni) 2. a nfiina (o societate comercial) v.i. a pluti, a se menine pe linia de plutire (despre o nava) flo(a)tation s. 1. plutire; navigare 2. lansare (a unei emisiuni de titluri de valoare) 3. nfiinare (a unei societi comerciale) ~ cost - cost de lansare (a unei

~ debentare - obligaiune flotam (drepnd credttorului extinzndu-se a toate acrivele mprumutatulu) ~ debt - datorie flotant/public; datorie pe termen scurt ~ exchange rate - curs de schimb fluctuant ~ insurance - asigurare flotant ~ money bani flotani (deinui de bancheri i care nu pot f investii. din cauza lipsei oportunitilor de afaceri, decdt m depozte la banca central) ~ population - populaie flotant ~ prime - mpmmut cu dobnd variabil (in funcie de rata primar a
bnci)

132

FLO-FOB

chart/diagram - diagram a circulaiei fondurilor sau mrfurilor; diagram a procesului tehnologic ~ of funds - (cont., fin.) flux de numerar (valoarea net real de numerar, deosebit de profitul contabil, care intr sau iese din firm ntr-o perioad determinat') ~ production - producie n flux/pe band fluctuate v.i. a fluctua, a varia fluctuation s. fluctuatie, variaie ~ s in the rate of exchange - fluctuatii ale cursului de schimb ~ s of sales - fluctuaii ale vnzrilor ~ s of the market - fluctuaii ale pieei to undergo ~ s - a suferi fluctuaii fluid adj. lichid ~ dram - drahm lichid ~ ounce - uncie lichid flurry s. agitaie, micare ~ on the stock exchange - agitaie la burs fly v.i. 1. a zbura 2. a fugi ~ -by-night insolvabil; debitor care fuge de creditori (pentru a se eschiva de la plata datoriilor) ~ cruise - circuit turistic combinat zbor/croazier pe mare ~ - drive - circuit turistic combinat transport aerian/rutier ~ pitch - stand ambulant fob v.. (off) a nela, a pch (prin vnzarea de marf de calitate inferioara) fodder s. nutre, furaj v.. a hrni cu nutre ~ grain - cereale furajere ~ plant plant furajer ~ rotation - asolament furajer

t'oist v.t. (on) a face s cumpere (cev*

nefolositor sau mrfuri de calitaU inferioar)

fold v.i. (up) a da faliment folio s. 1. foaie numerotat numai p< fa 2. foaie (dintr-un registru dt contabilitate) 3. (dr.) pagin dactilogra
fiat (a unui document cu 72,90 sai

100 de cuvinte) v.t. a numerot (paginile unui registrii) follower s. companie secundar (can nu este lider ntr-un anumit domeniu) strategy (man.) strategii unnritorului (care o copiaz pe cea < companiilor-lider) food s. hran; alimente, produa alimentare ~ allowance - alocaie de hran ~ card cartel de alimente ' ~ colours colorani alimentari ~ industry - industria alimentar ~ products - produse alimentare foodstuff s. aliment, produs alimentar foolscap s. foolscap (format de hrie) foot s. picior (unitate de msur pentn lungime) v.t. (up) a aduna, a fao totalul; a totaliza, a nsuma footage s. 1. lungime exprimat i picioare 2. adncime forat (exprimah n picioare) footing s. total (a/ unei adunri, al unt coloane de cifre) for prep. pentru ~ account of - n contul ~ and on behalf of - din ordinul i i contul ~ and against - pro i contra ~ free gratuit ~ money - (bur.) pentru numerar ~ one's own account - pe cont propru

FOR

133

~ the account - (bur.) pentru ziua de lichidare - value - cu titlul oneros forage s. furaj, nutre force s. 1. fort 2. {dr.) valabilitate; vigoare v.t. 1. (down) a provoca scderea (preurior) 2. (on, upon) a impune condiii (economice) 3. (up) a provoca creterea (preurilor) ~ account - lucm n regie to come into ~ - a intra n vigoare forced adj. fortat; silit ~ currency - moned cu curs fortat ~ sale - executare silit ~ savings - economii fortate ~ selling - (bur.) vnzare fortat/ nedorit (a aciunilor n scopul
obinerii de lichiditi pentru plata unor datori)

forcible adj. forat, cu forta; ilegal ~ entry - (dr.) intrare n posesie prin
fort

forecast s. prognoz, previziune v.t. a prognoza, a prevedea foreclose v.t. (dr.) 1. a priva de dreptul de achitare a unei ipoteci 2. a exclude de la dreptul de folosin, a priva de dreptul de folosin foreclosure s. (dr.) privare de dreptul de a achita o ipotec foredate v.t. a antedata foreign adj. strin, din strintate; extem; exterior ~ agreement - (mar.) contract de mbarcare pe o nav strin ~ aid - ajutor extem ~ allowance - indemnizatie de munc n strintate ~ balance - balan de pli ~ bill - cambie extem (pltibil n strintate)

~ capital - capital strin ~ credit - credit extem ~ currency -valut; devize ~ currency account - cont n devize ~ direct investment - investiie strin direct ~ exchange valut; devize; schimb valutar ~ exchange broker/dealer - agent de schimb valutar exchange market piaa schimburilor valutare ~ exchange office - cas de schimb valutar ~ exchange regulations - regim al schimbului valutar ~ exchange risk - risc valutar, risc al fluctuaiei unei valute ~ exchange transactions - operatii de schimb valutar ~ general average - (asig. mar.) avarie comun n strintate ~ - going ship/vessel - nav oceanic/ de curs lung ~ goods - mrfuri strine/de import ~ investment - investiie strin ~ loan mprumut extem ~ market - pia extem ~ money order - mandat potal intemaional ~ order - comand extem ~ policy politic extem ~ shipping - (mar.) transport n strintate ~ trade - comert exterior; (mar.) cabotaj extem; navigaie de curs lung ~ (trade) zone - port liber foreigner 5'. strin, persoan de alt naionalitate 2. (mar.) nav sub pavilion strin 3. articol de import

134

FOR

foreman s. 1. maistru, efde echip 2. (dr.) prim-jurat ~ of development - maistru de exploatare ~ of production - maistru de producie forest s. pdure ~ economy - economie forestier ~ industry - industria forestier ~ code/laws - cod silvic, legislaie silvic ~ management - amenajare forestier ~ officer - agent silvic ~ worker - muncitor forestier forestall v.t. 1. a anticipa (un eveniment) 1. a nltura (un concurenf} 3. a acapara (mrfuri n scop speculativ) forester s. 1. brigadier silvic, pdurar; silvicultor 2. inspector sau administrator silvic forestry s. 1. silvicultur 2. pduri; regiune mpdurit forewoman s. supraveghetoare; ef de echip forfeit s. 1. pierdere a unui drept (prin nclcarea unui contract) 2. amend; penalitate, sanciune (pentru nclcarea unui contract) adj. pierdut (prin nerespectarea obligaiilor contractuale) v.t. a pierde dreptul la ~ clause - clauz de penalizare forfeiture s. 1. pierdere a unui drept (prin nclcarea unui contracf) 1. amend; penalitate, sanciune ~ of shares - confiscare de aciuni (subscrise i nepltite la termenul scadent) forge v.t. a falsifica; a plastografia forger s. falsificator; plastograf forgery s. fals; plastografie

form s. 1. form 2. formular v.t. 1. a forma, a nfiina (p societate) 2. a forma, a pregti, a instrui (personal) ~ of application - formular de cerere ~ of proxy - formular de procur ~ of receipt - formular de chitan ~ of return - formular de declaraie de venituri (pentru impunere) ~ of tender - formular de ofert (la licitaie) formal adj. formal; legal ~ contract - contract formal ~ notice - somaie; citaie ~ receipt - chitan contabil formality s. formalitate format s. format (al unei cr) formation s. fonnare, nfiinare (a unei
societti etc.)

~ expenses - cheltuieli de nfiinare fortnight s. dou sptmni; chenzin fortnightly adj., adv. bilunar s. publicatie bilunar fortuity s. (asig.) accident fortune s. avere to make a ~ - a face avere forward adj. 1. dinainte, din fa 2. la termen v.t. 1. a grbi, a accelera (dezvoltared) 2. a susine, a promova (unplan) 3. a expedia, a trimite ~ buying - stocare, depozitare n stoc (de marf, materii prime) ~ contract - contract la termen ~ cover - acoperire la termen ~ dealings - operaii/tranzacii la termen ~ delivery - livrare la termen exchange market - piaa schimburilor valutare la termen ~ freight (mar.) navlu pltit anticipat ~ integration integrare vertical ~ market - piaa tranzaciilor la termen

FOR-FRA

135

~ quotation - cotatie la termen ~ price - pre la termen ~ rate - curs de schimb la termen ~ sale - vnzare la termen forwarder s. 1. promotor (al unei afacer); susintor 2. expeditor (de
marfa)

forwarding s. expediere (de marf); expediie ~ agent - agent de expediie ~ agent's notice - aviz de expediere ~ department - serviciu de expediie ~ documents - documente de expediie ~ house - firm de expediii ~ station - staie de expediie foul adj. 1. murdar; nesntos 2. urt, neprielnic (despre vrerne) 3. necinstit, incorect ~ bill of health - patent de sntate nefavorabil ~ bill of lading - conosament murdar
(cu meniunea recepionrii mrfii n

stare necorespunztoare/improprie) ~ coast - coast periculoas (pentru navigaie) found v.t. a fonda, a nfima foundation s. 1. fundaie, temelie 2. fundatie, asociaie 3. fonduri, donaii (pentru instituii culturale) ~ member - membru fondator ~ school - coal subventionat prin donaii founder s. fondator ~ s' shares - aciuni ale fondatorilor (emise special pentru acetid) four num. patru ~ - plus cover - acoperire efectiv/ real (campanie de publicitate care reia de cel puin patru ori un mesaj
publicitar)

~ estate - a patra putere n stat, presa ~ market - (bur.) (SUA) a patra pia (piaa pe care aciunile necotate sunt tranzacionate ntre brokeri i clieni fr respectarea procedurilor obinu-ite) fractional adj. 1. fracionar 2. parial 3. mic, nensemnat ~ currency/money - moned divizio-nar ~ (deposit) banking - sistem bancar fracionar (prin care bncile menin rezervele proprii la un procent fix din depozitele clienilor) ~ load - sarcin incomplet/partial ~ (share) certificate certificat partial de aciuni (pentru o parte de aciune, cnd, n cazul fuziunii a dou societi, aciunile sun inegale ca valoare) fragile adj. fragil ~ goods - mrfuri fragile franc s. franc ~ area - zona francului franchise s. 1. (com.) franiz 2. (asig. mar.) franiz (yaloare a pierderii sub care societatea de asigurri nu este obligat s acorde nici un fel de despgubire, dar peste care trebuie s ofere despgubiri complete) v.t. a acorda o franiz ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza franizei franchiser s. franizor, deintor al unei franize frank v.t. a franca fraud s. fraud ~ loss - pierdere din credite obinute fraudulos fraudulent adj. fraudulos ~ bankruptcy bancrut frauduloas ~ contract - (dr.) contract dolosiv

fourth num. al patrulea

136

FRA-FRE

~ conversion - delapidare, detumare

(defondur)

~ conveyance - (dr.) transfer fraudulos (de ctre un debitor falit al unei pri din proprietatea sa pentru a nela creditori} preference - (dr.) preferin frauduloas (price plat efectuat de ctre un debitor, n intervalul de trei luni la sfritu cruia e declarat falit, ctre unul dintre creditori n detrimentul celorlal) ~ settlement - decontare frauduloas ~ trading - activitate comercial frauduloas (activitate desfurat n timpul derulrii procedurilor de faliment nedeclarat la tribunal) free adj., adv. 1. liber 2. franco ~ access - acces liber ~ agent - mputemicit general (CM mandat general acordat de ej) ~ alongside quay franco pe chei/ soto palanco ~ alongside ship/vessel - franco de-a lungulnavei ~ and clear/unencumbered - liber i far sarcini ~ articles - mrfuri nevmuibile ~ border franco frontier ~ bunker - franco buncher ~ capital - capital liber/lichid ~ carrier franco cru ~ coinage - drept de a bate moned ~ competition - concuren liber delivered / domicile - franco domiciliu ~ delivery - distribuire/livrare gratuit ~ depreciation - amortizare liber ~ discharge - liber de cheltuieli la descrcare

~ dispatch - far indemnizaie de celeritate ~ dock - franco n bazinul portuar ~ entry - declaraie pentru mrfuri scutite de taxe vamale ~ exchanges rates - rate de schimb libere ~ from encumbrance - neipotecat ~ from liability - fr rspundere ~ from particular average - fr avarie particular ~ goods - bunuri libere (aa-numitele daruri ale naturii", precum aerul, cldura cosmic etc.) ~ house. - firm liber (s se aprovizioneze de la orice fumizor dorete) ~ in and out - liber de cheltuieli la ncrcare i descrcare; ncrcarea i descrcarea n contul navlositorului ~ in and out, stowed and trimmed -liber de cheltuieli la ncrcare i descrcare, inclusiv stivuirea i rujarea ~ in and stowage/stowed - liber de cheltuieli la ncrcare i stivuire ~ in excluding trimming - liber de cheltuieli la ncrcare, exclusiv rujarea ~ insurance - asigurare fr prim ~ into barge - franco lep ~ into store - franco depozit ~ labour muncitori nesindicalizai ~ lighterage liber de cheltuieli de alimbare ~ list - list liber (list de mrfuri care nu sunt supuse taxelor vamale de import) ~ loading certificate - certificat de liber ncrcare (la petroliere) ~ market - pia liber/deschis ~ of address commission fr comision de adres

FRE_______________________

~ of all average - far avarie de orice fel ~ of all charges - liber de orice cheltuieli ~ of all cranage - fr cheltuieli de folosire a macaralelor portuare ~ of all risk and expenses to the vessel - liber de orice risc i cheltuieli n contul navei ~ of breakage clause - clauza far rspundere pentu spargeri" ~ of capture and seizure - fr captur i sechestrare ~ of charges - liber de cheltuieli ~ of damages - fr rspundere pentru avarii ~ of duty - scutit de taxe vamale ~ of foreign capture - fr captur de ctre un stat strin ~ of general average - fr avarie comun ~ of freight brokerage - far comision de brokeraj ~ of income tax - {bur.) fr impozit pe venit ~ of losses - fr pierderi ~ of particular average - fr avarie particular ~ of particular average unless caused by - fr avarie particular, numai dac este cauzat de ~ offer - ofert fr angajament ~ on board - franco la bord ~ on board and stowed franco la bord i stivuit ~ on board and trimmed - franco la bord i rujat ~ on quay - franco la chei ~ on rail franco vagon ~ on truck - franco vagon; franco camion

out-1 overi

bord ~ port -porto-franco ~ stem - fr atq ncrcare sau descrcare ~ trade policy - politica schimb ~ trade zone - zon liber de comert ~ warehouse - depozit liber ~ zone - zon liber (fr taxe vamale); porto-franco freeboard s. (mar.) bord liber ~ certificate - certificat de bord liber ~ coefficient - coeficient al nlimii de bord liber ~ deck - punte de bord liber ~ depth - nlime de bord liber ~ draft/draught - pescaj de bord liber ~ length - lungime de bord liber ~ marks - marc de bord liber ~ ship/vessel - nav cu bord liber excesiv ~ zones - zone de bord liber (m care
navele de comer trebuie s navigheze cu un anumit pescaj)

freedom s. 1. libertate 2. drept; privilegiu ~ from tax - scutire de impozite ~ of action - libertate de aciune ~ of contract - libertate contractual freehold s. proprietate fanciar absolut freeholder s. proprietar absolut freely adv. liber ~ convertible currency - valut liber convertibil ~ floating exchange rates - cursuri de schimb cu flotatie liber freelance s. liber-profesionist

138

FRE

freeze v.t. 1 a nghea, a congela 2. a nghea (preuri, salari}; a bloca (conturi, credite) s. 1. ngheare, congelare 2. blocare freezer s. \. instalaie/camer frigorific, frigorifer 2. frigider ~ storage - depozitare n compartimente frigorifice freezing adj. de congelare/refrigerare ~ capacity - capacitate de congelare ~ mixture - amestec refrigerent ~ plant - instalaie de congelare freight s. 1. (mar.) navlu 2. (mar.) caric, ncrctur 3. (c.f.) fraht, scrisoare de trsur 4. transport (de mrfuri pe ap); (SUA) transport {de mrfuri pe ap, uscat sau calea aerulut) v.t. 1. a ncrca (o nava) 1. (mar.) a navlosi, a afreta 3. a transporta {mrfuri pe ap)\ (SUA) a transporta (mrfuri pe ap, uscat sau calea
aerului)

~ account - factur de navlu ~ ad valorem - navlu ad valorem ~ advance - avans din navlu - agent/broker - agent/broker de navlosire ~ agreement - contract de navlosire ~ and cost - navlu i cost ~ bill - factur de navlu boat/carrier/vessel cargou, cargobot ~ booking note - aviz de angajament (de spaiu pe nava} ~ by measurement - navlu la cubaj/volum ~ car/train - (SUA) tren de marf, marfar ~ clause - clauza navlului ~ collect/forward - navlu cu ramburs

~ conference - cartel maritim (de stabilire a navlurilor) ~ consolidation - completare de marfa ~ container - container de marf. cargocontainer ~ contract - contract de navlosire ~ contractor - navlositor principal ~ document - conosament; fraht. scrisoare de trsur ~ fleet - flot de transport de marfa ~ forwarder - agent de expediie, expeditor ~ handling - manipulare i transport de marfa ~ hatch - gur de ncrcare (la magazia navei) ~ home - caric de napoiere ~ house - (SUA) depozit de marf ~ index - indicator de navlu ~ in f'ull - navlu brut ~ insurance - asigurare a navlului ~ invoice - factur de navlu ~ locomotive - locomotiv pentru trenuri de marf ~ market - piaa navlurilor ~ note - factur de navlu; specificaie a ncrcturii ~ outwards - caric pentru strintate ~ paid - navlu pltit ~ paid pro rata - navlu pltit proportional ~ payable at destination - navlu pltibil la destinaie ~ pending - navlu nedeterminat ~ prepaid - navlu pltit anticipat ~ quotation - cotaie de navlu ~ rates - tarif de navlu ~ rebate - rabat la navlu ~ release - ordin de livrare; bon de livrare ~ shed - hangar portuar de mrfuri

FRE-FRU

139

~ space - spaiu pentru mrfuri (pe

nav)

fringe s. margine ~ benefits - ctiguri suplimentare

(acordate angajailor pe lng salariul obinuit)

~ storage area - platform de mrfuri ~ terminal - chei de operare ~ ton - ton de navlu/volum ~ tonnage - tonaj navlosit; capacitate de ncrcare de marf n tone de volum - traffic - trafic de mrfuri; volum de mrfuri transportate (in tone) ~ turnover - cifr de afaceri a navlurilor ~ underwriter - asigurtor de navlu ~ unit - unitate de navlu freightage s. 1. ncrcare (a unei nave) 2. {mar.) navlosire, afretare 3. transport
(de mrfur}

~ market - pia marginal front adj. din fa ~ -page advertisement - reclam pe prima pagin (a unui ziar) ~ - running - (bur.) concureni fruntai (concuren fdcut de brokerii care
tranzacioneaz aciunipe cont propriu folosindu-se de unele informau pe care le obin naintea clienilor lor)

freighter s. 1. (mar.) navlositor, armator 2. cargou, cargobot 3. (SUA) vagon de marfa ~ -ferry - feribot de mrfuri freightliner s. tren de marfa, marfar French adj. franuzesc ~ leave - absen franuzeasc (jar
nvoire)

fresh adj. 1. proaspt 2. recent ~ arrival - ultima noutate (despre

mrfuri, articole de magazin)

~ money - capital proaspt (in special

mprumutur)

~ water - ap dulce ~ water draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj n ap dulce ~ water loadline/mark - (mar.) linie de ncrcare n ap dulce ' frictional adj. de frecare, de fhctiune ~ unemployment - omaj de scurt durat (provocat de fluctuaii sezoniere)

frontier s. frontier, grani adj. referitor la frontier, de frontier; limitrof ~ station - gar de frontier ~ town - ora de frontier ~ trade traffc - comert limitrof/de frontier .- vessel - nav de cabotaj frozen adj. 1. ngheat, congelat 2. ngheat (despre preuri, salarii); blocat (despre conturi, credite) ~ assets - active blocate fruit s. fruct v.;'. a rodi, a da rod ~ bearing fruclifer ~ farmer/grower - pomicultor ~ farming/growing - pomicultur fittings - amenajri pentru transportul fructelor (die speciale) ~ garden - livad ~ show - expoziie de fiucte ~ tree - pom fructifer fruitage s. fructe, recolt de fructe fruiterer s. vnztor de fructe, fructar frustrate v.t. a mpiedica, a zdmici (planuri, proiecte) 2. (dr.) a anula, a declara nul frustration s. 1. mpiedicare, zdmi-cire 2. (dr.) nulitate

friendly adj. amical, prietenesc ~ arrangement - aranjament amical ~ society - societate de binefacere

140

FRU-FUL

~ clause - {asig. mar.) clauza zdmicirii voiajului ~ of contract - ncetare a obligatiilor contractuale fuel s. combustibil; carburant v.t. 1. a alimenta cu combustibil 2. (mar.) a bunchera ~ bill - factur de combustibil ~ charge/loading - (mar.) buncherare consumption consum de combustibil ~ oil - pcur ~ ship (tank) - petrolier, tanc petrolier ~ truck - vagon-cistem fulfil v.t. a ndeplini, a realiza (o obligaie, un contract etc.) full adj. plin; complet, ntreg ~ address - adres complet ~ and complete cargo - (mar.) caric plin i complet ~ and down - (mar.) cu ncrctur maxim, plin i la marc (despre o nav ncrcat) ~ - bodied currency - moned din aur sau argint ~ -cargo charter - (rnar.) navlosire total ~ -cost price - pre de cost integral (care include costul de producie i profitul productorului) ~ delivery - livrare complet ~ displacement - (mar.) deplasament brut ~ employment - folosire complet a forei de munc ~ fare ticket - bilet ntreg ~ freight - (mar. ) navlu ntreg ~ function wholesaler - intermediar n comerul angro ~ interest admitted - (asig.) admis asigurarea interesului total

~ load - sarcin total/nominal ~ -load condition - (mar.) stare de ncrcare complet (a navei) ~ -load draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj de plin ncrcare ~ -manned - (mar.) cu echipajul complet ~ name - nume i prenume ~ reach and burden - (mar.) ntreg spaiul de ncrcare (inclusiv punted) ~ premium - (asig.) prim integral ~ price - pre integral ~ rates - tarif ntreg ~ -service bank - banc ce efectueaz toat gama de operatii i servicii ~ -service broker - broker cu atribuii complete ~ - service leasing - leasing de echipament industrial cu plata integral a serviciilor de ntreinere i reparaii ~ size(d) drawing - desen tehnic n mrime natural ~ terms - (mar.) reduceri uzuale de navlu ~ - time employee - angajat cu norm ntreag ~ - time job/work - post/serviciu cu norm ntreag ~ value - valoare ntreag fully adv. integral, complet ~ diluted earnings per share ctiguri pe aciune complet diluate
(ctignl pe aciune recalculat pe baza ipotezei conversiei titlurilor convertibile i a exercitrii tuturor drepturilor de conversie)

~ insured - (asig.) asigurat integral ~ laden - (mar.) cu caric complet ~ managed fund - fond mutual (pe
care managerii l pot administra cum

doresc)

FUL-FUT_____________________

~ paid shares - aciuni achitate integral; capital subscris i vrsat ~ participating and cumulative preferred stock - aciune preferenial cumulativ i cu participare deplin ~ underwritten - subscris integral function s. 1. funcie; post, serviciu; pl. atribuii de serviciu 2. carier, profesie v.i. afunciona functional adj. funcional ~ discount - rabat funcional/comercial ~ quality - calitate funcional ~ responsibilities - responsabiliti funcionale (ale specialitilor dintr-o ntreprindere) structure (inan.) structur funcional functionary ^, functionar fund s. 1. fond 2. pl. fonduri, resurse financiare; capital (de lucru) v.t. 1. a consolida (o datorie) 2. a finana; a subveniona ~ fund - fond mutual {care face investiii n altefondur) ~ manager - manager al unui fond mutual ~ s -flow analysis - (cont., fin.) analiza fluxului de numerar ~ s matching - (fi.n.) aliniere a fondurilor (inetod de finanare a creditelor prin depozite cu scaden comun) fundamental adj. fundamental ~ terms termeni (contractuali) fundamentali funding s. (fn.) consolidare a datoriilor (proces de nlocuire a datoriilor pe tennen scurt cu titluri de valoare pe ermen lung) funk s. team, spaim

money capital transferat in strintate <din motive de instabilitae politico-econowS^ furlong s. furlong (unitatea de msur pentru lungime) furnish v.t. 1. a furmza. aproviziona 2. a prevedea, a nzestra cu (fonduri) 3. a oferi, a prezenta (explicani. referinte, probe etc.) 4. a amenaja, a mobila furnisher s. fumizor (mai ales de mobi) furniture s. mobilier, mobil ~ removers societate de transport de mobil ~ van - camion pentru transport de mobil fuse v.i. a fuziona (despre dou societi) fusion 5. fuzionare ~ process - proces de identificare (a salariatului cu obiectivele ntreprinderii) future adj. viitor; ulterior, urmtor s. 1. viitor 2. pl. futures, contracte la termen (contracte de vnzare sau cumprare de mrfuri ori active financiare la o dat viitoare prestabiit) ~ delivery - livrare la termen ~ estates - (dr.) bunuri viitoare ~ s contract - contract futures ~ s market pia futures ~ value - valoare viitoare (a unei sume de bani cu dobnd compus

G
gage s. gaj, garanie v.. a pune n gaj; a oferi ca garanie gain s. 1. (j7 p/.) ctig, beneficiu, profit 2. mrire, cretere; dezvoltare v.t. a ctiga; a obine, a dobndi v.'. a ctiga, a se mbogti ~ and loss account - (cont.) cont de profit i pierderi ~ in efficiency - cretere a eficienei ~ sharing - participare la ctig to ~ ground - a ctiga teren to ~ one's living/livelihood - a-i ctiga existena gainful adj. productiv, lucrativ, rentabil; profitabil, avantajos gainfulness s. 1. ctig, profit 2. rentabilitate gallon s. galon (unitate de msur pentru capacitate) galloping adj. galopant ~ inflation - inflaie galopant gamble s. 1. joc de noroc 2. afacere riscant v.t. 1. a pune n joc; a paria, a miza 2. (away) a pierdere la jocuri de noroc {bani, avere) v.i. ajucajocuri de noroc gambler s. juctor (de jocuri de noroc); cartofor game s. joc; partid v.t. (away) a pierde la joc v.i. a juca (jocuri de noroc) ~ of change - joc de noroc ~ theory - (man.) teoria jocului (teoria potrivit creia afacerile prezint o mare asemnare cu desfaurarea unui joc n care mutarea unui jucta influeneaz mutrile celorlali) gap s. 1. gol; lips, lacun 2. decala( dezechilibru; deficit ~ analysis - analiza breelor (idenS fcarea oportunitilor de marketing p
o pia)

garnishee (rfr.) s. 1. tert citat n justii 2. persoan creia i se sechestreaa bunurile (pentru plata unei datorii} v. 1. a cita n justiie (un ter) 1. a puc sechestru/poprire ~ order - ordin de sechestru garnishment 5. (dr.) 1. citare njustii (a unui ter) 2. sechestru, poprire gazette s. 1. ziar, gazet 2. moniti oficial v.t. a publica n monitorul ofici; gearing s. (fin.) efect de levier (rata c ndatorare n raport cu fonduri
proprii ale unei compani)

general adj. general ~ acceptance - acceptare necondiu

nat/fr rezerve (a unei cambii)

~ agent - (com.) reprezentant general ~ audit - audit general {la sfrit\

anului financiar) ~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie comur

~ average bond - compromis de avar comun ~ average condition - situaie ( avarie comun ~ average contribution - contribu la avaria comun ~ average deposit - avans ( contributie la avaria comun

GEN-GET

143

- average depositor - deponent extem pentru avaria comun ~ average loss - pierdere n avaria comun ~ average sacrifice - sacrificiu de avarie comnn ~ average statement - dispa de avarie comun ~ balance-sheet - (cont.) bilan general ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament
colectiv

~ meeting of shareholders - adunarea general a acionarilor ~ overhaul - revizie/reparaie general ~ partnership -societate n nume colectiv ~ reserve - rezerv general (pentru acoperirea necesarului de fond de
rulment)

~ store - magazin universal ~ strike - grev general ~ terms - condiii (contracuale)

generale

~ cargo - caric/ncrctur de mrfuri generale ~ cargo ship/vessel - cargobot ~ cargo rates - (mar.) cote de navlu pentru mrfuri generale ~ creditor- creditor general (fr drepturi prefereniale) ~ crossing barare general (a unui
cec)

~ union - sindicat de ramur genuine adj. autentic, original, veritabil; pur, curat, nefalsificat ~ and valid - autentic i valabil
(despre cecur)

~ damages - daune generale ~ dealer - comerciant de mrfuri generale ~ delivery - (SUA) post-restant ~ endorsenient - andosare general/n alb ~ equilibrium - echilibru general (al pieelor aflate n stare de interdependen)

~ article - articol garantat genuineness s. autenticitate (a unei mrci defabric etc.) geographical adj. geografic ~ filing - clasare/fiare dup criteriul geografic (clasarea documentelor n funcie de zonele geografice pe care le
vizeaz)

geographically adv. geografic ~ consolidated markets - piee consolidate geografic (tranzaciile

bursiere mondiale)

~ expenses - cheltuieli generale/de

regie

~ goods - mrfuri generale ~ insurance - asigurare general (contra tuturor riscurilor) ~ letter of credit - acreditiv colectiv ~ lien - drept de retenie general ~ management trust - societate de investiii financiare generale (in orice
sector)

~ manager - director general

~ fragmented markets - piee fragmentate geografic [tranzaciile bursiere realizate pe diferite piee geografice sunt combinate pe o pia centralizat prin computer) get v.t. 1. a obine 2. a primi 3. a procura, a face rost de 4. (back) a redobndi, a reintra n posesia 5. (in) a strnge, a colecta; a sotca, a face provizii; a aduna (recolta) to ~ dearer - a se scumpi to ~ rish - a se mbogi

144

GET-GOI

gift s. 1. dar, cadou 2. (dr.) donaie v.t. a drui, a face cadou ~ certifcate/coupon/token/voucher talon valoric gratuit (oferit de un magazin i cu care se pot achiziiona unele articole) ~ shop - magazin de cadouri/articole la mod ~ tax - impozit pe donaie gift-wrap v.t. a ambala special (cadouri) giftwrapping s. 1. ambalaj special pentru cadouri 2. serviciu de ambalare a cadourilor (oferit de unele magazine) gill s. gill (unitate de msur pentru capacitate) gilt-edged adj. de clasa nti ~ securities - titluri de valoare de clasa
A. .^.

to ~ security - a da garanie to ~ way - a scdea (despre preuri) giver s. 1. donator 2. (bur.) cumprtor a unei opiuni 3. (bur.) cumprtor care amn plata aciunilor {'ns ofer
dobnda)

intai gilts s. pl. titluri de valoare de clasa

A .^.

intai giro s. giro (sefviciu potal de transfer monetar) give v.t. 1. a da; a oferi; a dona 2. (away) a da gratis; a mpri (premii) 3. (back) a restitui 4. (on) (bur.) a reporta 5. (up) a demisiona din; a se retrage
(din afaceri, activitate)

global adj. global ~ brand - (com.) marc global globalisation s. globalizare glut s. excedent (de marf pe pia)', supraproducie v.t. a inunda (piaa cu o marfa) go v.i. 1. a merge 2. (between) a mijloci ntre 3. (down) a scdea (despre preuri) 4. (for) a avea valoarea de, a se vinde cu 5. (ofl, through) a se vinde bine, a avea cutare 6. (out) a demisiona 7. (up) a crete (despre preuri) ~ - ahead - dinamic, activ, ntreprinztor ~ -between - intermediar, mijlocitor ~ -go fund - fond mutual cu investiii speculative pe termen scurt ~ -slow - ncetinire a ritmului de lucru (form de protest a muncitorilor frd
declanarea efectiv a grevei)

to ~ a bear - (bur.) a specula la

baisse

~ -and-take - concesii reciproce, compromis ~ -away - produs oferit gratuit de frma productoare (in scop promoional)

~ -away show - emisiune-concurs cu premii (7a televiziune) to ~ bail - a depune garanie to ~ damages - a acorda daune to ~ effect to a law - a pune o lege n vigoare to ~ judgement - a da o sentin to ~ notice of - a aviza de

to ~ a bull - (bur.) a specula la hausse to ~ bankrupt - a da faliment to ~ one better - a oferi mai mult goal s. scop; obiectiv definition (man.) definirea obiectivelor going adj. 1. n aciune/funciune; n activitate 2. curent; actual ~ concern afacere rentabil ~ , going, gone - o dat, de dou ori, adjudecat (la licitaie)

GOI-GOO

~ prices - preuri curente ~ private - going private (transformarea unei companii publice/deschise intr-una particular/nchis) ~ public - going public (transformarea unei companii particulare/nchise ntr-una public/deschis) gold s. aur adj. referitor la aur; din/de aur; aurifer ~ and foreign exchange reserves rezerve valutare i de aur - bar/ingot - lingou de aur ~ bond - obligaiune cu rscumprare n aur ~ bullion standard - etalon aur-lingouri ~ certificate - (SUA) titlu cu acopenre n aur ~ cover - (fin.) acoperire n aur ~ exchange standard - etalon aur-devize ~ field - teren/regiune aurifer(a) ~ mine - min de aur ~ parity - paritate aur/metalic ~ points - (jfin.) puncte de aur (limitele ntre care oscileaz rata de schimb a dou valute cu etalon aur, n condiiile circulaiei libere a aurului ntre ri) ~ reserve - rezerv de aur ~ shares - aciuni la o min de aur ~ standard - (fin.) etalon aur ~ tranche - trana/cota n aur (cot de participare, depus n aur, de ctre un stat-membru al FMI) golden adj. de aur ~ handcuffs - (man.) ctue de aur (avantaje financiare acordate de o frm angajailor importani pentru a evita ca acetia s fie ari de concuren)

~ handshake - (man.) strngere de mn de aur (plat generoas oferit de o firrn angajailor importani pentru a-i determina s plece fr zarv) ~ parachute - (man.) paraut de aur (un tip de contract de munc, redactat de unii manageri pentru ei nii, care prevede importante compensaii mate-riale n caz c arfi demi) ~ share - aciune de aur (aciune care i confer deintorului drept de control asupra societii respective) good adj. 1. bun; de bun calitate 2. valabil 3. solvabil s. pl. marf, mrfuri; articole, produse - debts - datorii sigure (care vor fi sigur achitate} ~ delivery - livrare bun (de titluri de valoare ale cror caracteristici corespund exigenelor bursiere sau contractuale) ~ receipt - chitan valabil ~ s in progress - (cont.) (Sl/A) produse n lucru/curs de fabricaie ~ s on approval - mrfuri de prob ~ s on commission - mrfuri n comision ~ s on consignment - mrfuri n consignaie ~ s on hand - mrfuri nevndute ~ s rates .- tarif pentru transportul de marf ~- s station - gar/staie de mrfuri ~ s traffic - trafc de mrfuri ~ s train - tren de marf, marfar goodwill s. fond comercial (active intangibile ale unei firme, calculate ca diferena dintre preul pltit pentru compania n funciune i valoarea activelor)

146

GOO-GRJ

~ payment - (man.) plat/indemnizaie pentru stimulare (acordat conducerii

unei societi)

govern v.t. 1. a guvema 2. a conduce, a administra (o ntreprindere) government s. 1. guvem 2. form de guvemmnt, regim 3. pl. (SUA) titluri de valoare guvernamentale ~ agency - agenie guvemamental ~ agent - funcionar de stat - bill - bon de tezaur ~ bond - obligaiune de stat ~ expenditure - cheltuieli bugetare ~ interference - intervenie a statului (in economie) ~ investment - investiie public/de
stat

~ loan - mprumut de stat ~ monopoly - monopol de stat ~ revenue - venit public/naional ~ securities - titluri de stat ~ security - garanie guvemamental ~ subsidy - subvenie de stat surplus - material/echipament nefolosit vndut de guvem/stat governor s. guvemator {al unei bnci) ~ general guvemator general grace 5'. amnare, psuire; termen de graie (pentru plata unei datorii scadente) grade s. 1. rang, treapt, demnitate 2. clas, categorie; fel, soi 3. ras de vite ameliorat (prin ncruciare) v.t, 1. a clasa; a sorta 2. a ameliora (o ras de vite prin ncruciare) ~ certificate - certificat de calitate grading s. 1. clasificare (a produselor dup calitae) 2. clasificare/ierarhizare a posturilor (m funcie de competena cerut i salarizarea corespunztoare)

graduate s. liceniat, absolvenl diplomat (al unui institut de nvmn superior) adj. 1. diplomat, titrat 2 calificat, cu calificare superioar v.(. ; grada, a proportiona (impozite) v.i. i obme un titlu universitar, a absolvi ui institut superior ~ nurse - infirmier calificat ~ recruitment - (man.) recrutare di absolveni (politic de recrutare i forei de munca) - school - sectie postuniversitar (pentru doctorat) graduated adj. 1. gradual; progresiv 2 titrat, cu titlu universitar ~ income tax - impozit progresiv proporional pe venit ~ payment mortgage - ipotec a amortizare gradual/progresiv ~ tariff - tarif diferenial ~ taxation - impunere proportional a venitul grain s. 1. cereale 2. grain (unitate d msur pentru greut) ~ capacity/cubic - capacitate d ncrcare de cereale ~ cargo certificate - certificat pentn transportul de cereale (se elibereaa
dac nava are dotrile corespun ztoare)

~ carrier/ship - cerealier ~ charter - (mar.) contract d transport pentru cereale ~ exchange - burs de cereale ~ fittings - amenajri {de magazi^
pentru cereale

~ market - piaa cerealelor ~ silo - siloz ~ tanker - petrolier-cerealier (navi

combinat)
i

~ tonnage - tonaj pentru cereale

GRA-GRO

147

~ trade - comert cu cereale grant s. 1. aprobare, admitere (a unei cerer); permisiune, autorizatie 2. alocare, acordare (a unui mprumut}', subvenie 3. (dr.) donaie; cesiune v.t. 1. a aproba, a admite (o cerere); a elibera (un act); a autoriza 2. a subventiona 3. (dr.) a dona; a cesiona ~ -aided - subvenionat de stat ~ -in-aid - subvenie guvemamental grantee s. (dr.) donatar; concesionar granter s. (dr.) donator; concesor grantor v. granter gratis adj., adv. gratis, gratuit gratuity s. gratificaie, prim
gray v. grey

great adj. mare ~ gross - (com.) 12 grosuri (1728 de buc) ~ hundred - (com.) 120 de buci green adj. verde ~ card - cartea verde {de asigurare auto internaional) ~ currencies - valute verzi (n cadrul politicii agricole comune a CEE) ~ product - produs ecologic greenfield s. gazon, spaiu verde ~ site - zon de investiii directe (pe un
teren viran)

greengrocer s. negustor de legume i fructe greengrocery s. 1. comer de legume i fructe 2. legume i fructe greenmail s. (bur.) greenmail (pachet mare de aciuni cumprate de o companie concurent prin care
foreaz societatea vizat s-i rscumpere aciunile la un curs mai ridicat dect cel real, pentru a evita preluarea e)

grey adj. cenuiu

~ market - (com., fin.) pia cenuie (pia cu activitate legal, ns cu preuri mari datorit ofertei sczute de mrfuri; pia n cadrul creia bncile dintr-un sindicat de garanie i plasament i intermediarii fnanciari cumpr titluri n bloc) grocer ^. bcan grocery s. bcnie gross adj. mare, voluminos 2. brut, global, total s. 1. gros, cantitate mare 2. (com.) 12 duzini {144 de buci) ~ amount - sum brut; cantitate total ~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie comun ~ capacity - capacitate brut ~ cash flow - flux brut de numerar ~ cost - pre de cost brut ~ deadweight - (mar.) capacitate total de transport ~ domestic product - produs intem brut ~ fixed assets - active fixe brute ~ -form charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire brut ~ freight - (mar.) navlu bmt ~ freight ton - (mar.) ton-registru ~ income - venit bmt ~ interest - dobnd brut ~ investment - investiie brut ~ loss - pierdere brut ~ margin - (com.) marj brut (diferena dintre preul de vnzare cu amnuntul i cel cu ridicata) ~ measurement - (mar.) tonaj-registm brut ~ misconduct - (man.) conduit extrem de rea (a unui angajat, care, n asemenea situaii, este demis imediaf) ~ national product - produs naional brut ~ premium - (asig.) prim global

148

GRO-GUI

~ profit - beneficiu brut ~ receipts ncasri brute ~ register ton - (mar.) tonregistru ~ register tonnage - (mar.) tonaj-registru brut ~ return - profit brut (obinut de un acionar din dividende i din creterea valorii de pia a aciunilor) ~ terms (mar.) condiii de linie ~ terms discharge descrcarea n contul armatorului ~ terms loading - ncrcarea n contul armatorului ~ ton - ton englez/lung ~ tonnage tonaj brut ~ value - valoare brut; pre brut al mrfii ~ wage - salariu brut ~ weight - greutate brut {marf cu ambalaj) ~ world product - produs mondial brut ~ yield - randament brut (al unei investiii) ground s. pmnt; teren adj. referitor la pmnt/teren; funciar ~ rent - rent funciar ~ tax - impozit funciar groundage s. tax portuar; tax de staionare n port grounding s. 1. euare 2. (bur.) atingere a pragului/cursului minim ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza eurii group 5'. grup; grup v.t. a grupa; a clasifica ~ accounts - (cont.) conturi de grup, situaii financiare consolidate (ale unui holding)

~ headquarters - sediu central (al unui holding) ~ insurance - asigurare colectiv ~ trading - aprovizionare n gmp (a detailitilor') ~ training - pregtire n gmp grow v.t. a crete, a cultiva, a produce v.i. a crete, a se dezvolta, a se extinde grower s. cultivator, productor; cresctor growth s. cretere, dezvoltare ~ fund - fond mutual de dezvoltare (cu
investiiipe termen lung)

~ industry - industrie cu perspective de dezvoltare ~ shares/stock - aciuni cu perspective de cretere

~ theory - teoria creterii (economice)

guarantee 5'. 1. garanie 2. garant 3.

creditor (care primete garanid) v.t. 1. a garanta 2. a asigura (impotrivd) v.i. a

fi garant; a depune o garanie ~ fund - fond de garanie ~ insurance - asigurare a garaniei ~ letter - scrisoare de garanie ~ payments - salarii garantate (care se
pltesc i n cazul ntreruperii temporare a activitii unei ntreprinderi)

~ period termen de garanie guarantor s. garant guaranty s. garanie guild s. 1. organizaie, asociaie (de ajutor reciproc) 2. corporaie, breasl ~ socialism - socialism corporatist

H
haberdash v.i. a face comer cu mruniuri haberdasher s. 1. negustor de mruniuri 2. (SUA) negustor de galanterie brbteasc haberdashery s. 1. mruniuri, articole de mercerie 2. mercerie, magazin de mruniuri 3. (SUA) magazin de galanterie brbteasc haggle s. tocmeal, trguial v.i. (about, over) a se tocmi (pentru) haggler s. client care se tocmete mult half s. 1. jumtate 2. (dr.) parte contractant adj., adv. (pe) jumtate ~ -and- ~ - jumtate-jumtate; n/din pri egale ~ -cargo condition - stare de ncrcare la jumtate din capacitate (despre
nav)

~ commission - (bur., com.) remiz ~ -commission man - (bur., com.) remizier ~ demurrage - (mar.) jumtate din contrastalii ~ -fare ticket - bilet cu pre redus 50% ~ -finished goods - semifabricate ~ -height container - semicontainer
(pentru mrfuri n vrac)

~ -height open top container semicontainer deschis/fr capac ~ time - jumtate de norm; omaj partial ~ -timer/-time worker - muncitor care lucreaz jumtate de norm; omer partial

halfpenny s. jumtate de penny (moned englezeasc) adj. 1. cu valoarea de o jumtate de penny 2. far valoare ~ goods - mrfuri far valoare hallmark s. 1. poanson de titlu (pe metale preioase) 2. marc de control v.t. amarca hammer s. ciocan v.t. (bur.} 1. a declara falit 2. a scdea preul (aciunilor) to bring/to put/to send to the ~ - a scoate la licitatie to come/to go/to fall under the - a se vinde la licitaie hand s. 1. mn 2. muncitor, lucrtor; pl. mn de lucm 3. pl. (mar.) echipaj 4. profit, ctig, beneficiu 5. conducere, autoritate; control, dirijare; rspundere 6. cantitate, lot (de marja) adj. manual; de mn v.t. 1. (down) a lsa motenire 2. (in) a prezenta (pentru acceptare) 3. (out) a da, distribui 4. (over) a preda, a transmite, a remite ~ -to-mouth - minim, de subzisten; de pe o zi pe alta to be short of ~s - a duce lips de mn de lucru to have a free ~ - a avea mn liber handbill s. flutura, anun (distribuit
trectorilor)

handbook 5. ghid, ndreptar, manual handicraft s. 1. meteug, meserie 2. artizanat, art meteugreasc 3. obiecte de artizanat

150

HAN-HAT

~ industry - productie meteugreasc; industrie meteugreasc handicraftsman s. artizan, meteugar, meseria handiwork s. 1. munc manual 2. lucm de mn; produs al industriei meteugreti handle v.t. 1. a mnui, a manevra; a manipula 2. a conduce; a administra, a gestiona 3. a face comert cu, a se ocupa cu comertul de handling s. 1. manipulare, manevrare; deservire (a instalaiilor); operaii la transportul de mrfuri (incrcare, descrcare, transbordare, stivuire) 2. conducere; administrare, gestionare adj. referitor la manipulare/manevrare ~ area zon de operare (incrcare, descrcare, transbordare) ~ mark - marc de manipulare (pentru mrfurile fragile) ~ rate - norm de operare (in tone) ~ time - timp de operare handmade adj. lucrat manual/de mn; meteugresc, artizanal handout s. 1. comunicat de pres; comunicat oficial 2. mostr gratuit (in scop promoional) 3. dar; poman handsel s. acont, avans v.t. a da cu avans harbour s. port; bazin portuar, rad v.i. a ancora, a arunca ancora; a se adposti n port/rad accommodation amenajare portuar ~ authorities - autoriti portuare ~ dues taxe portuare ~ master - cpitan de port ~ offce - cpetenie de port ~ regulations regulament portuar ~ traffic - trafic portuar

~ warehouse - antrepozit portuar harbourage s. bazin portuar, rad hard adj. 1. tare, solid 2. strict; ferm 3. greu, dificil 4. ridicat, mai'e (despre preur) ~ -and-fast - ferm, strict ~ bargain - acdrd far concesii/ compromisuri; negocieri dure ~ cash - numerar, bani lichizi ~ currency - valut forte ~ goods - produse de folosin ndelungat ~ loan - mprumut rambursabil n valuta rii creditoare ~ money - monede, bani metalici ~ sell(ing) - vnzare agesiv/n fort (insoit de publicitate agresiv/ zgomotoas) ~ work - munc grea harmonization s. armonizare (a politicilor i a practicilor naionale cu standardele intemaionale) harvest s. 1. seceri; recoltare 2. recolt, producie agricol v.t. a secera; a recolta ~ hand - zilier angajat la recoltat ~ home - vremea recoltei; srbtoarea' seceriului/recoltei ! to make ~ - a recolta harvester s. 1. secertor; culegtor 2. secertoare; main de recoltat harvesting s. recoltare, strngere ^ recoltei ; ~ strategy - (man.) strategie de recoltare (pbinerea profitului pe termen scurt rezultat din comercializarea unid produs, naintea retragerii acestuia de pepia) hatch s. (mar.) gur de magazie/ hambar; tambuchi, bocaport

HAT-HEA

151

~ crew - echip de docheri la gura de magazie ~ foreman - ef de echip (in magazie) ~ hours - timp total de operare (la
magaz.ii)

~ speed - nonn per gur de magazie ~ tally - pontare la gura magaziei hatchway v. hatch haul s. 1. traciune, remorcare 2. transportator (rutier, feroviar sau pe canal de marfa} 3. curs, parcurs 4. cantitate de marf transportat; cantitate de pete prins cu nvodul v.t. 1. a tracta, a remorca 2, a transporta (prin cruie) haulage s. 1. traciune, remorcare 2. transport, cruie 3. cost al unui transport ~ contractor - antreprenor de transporturi ~ equipment/gear - instalaie/utilaj de remorcare haul(i)er s. 1. transportor, cru 2. firm de transporturi rutiere haven s. port mic/de adpost; rad hawk v.t. a face comert ambulant cu; a-i striga (marfa) cu voce tare hawker s. negustor ambulant hazard s. (asig.) risc, pericol hazardous s. riscant, periculos ~ goods - mrfuri periculoase ~ insurance - asigurare pentru mrfuri periculoase head s. 1. cap (de locuitor), persoan 2. director, ef, conductor 3. post de conducere; comand adj. principal; central v.t. a fi n fruntea (unei liste); a conduce v.i. a se ndrepta ctre ~ clerk ef de birou

~ lease - contract principal de nchiriere (pentru o proprieate ulterior subnchiriat) ~ manager - director general ~ mark - marc de identificare (a coletelor de marfa) ~ mortgage - ipotec principal ~ offce - sediu principal; directie, central ~ tax - capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor headhunter v. vntor de capete (agenie sau persoan specializat n gsirea i recrutarea de manageri cu experien sau personal cu nalt calificare) headline s. 1. titlu (n ziar) 2. pl. rezumat al principalelor tiri (la radio) headquarters s. sediu principal; administraie central health s. 1. sntate 2. sntate public ~ and safety - msuri de protecia i medicina muncii ~ bill - (mar.) patent de sntate ~ certificate - certificat medical ~ insurance - asigurri de sntate ~ offcer - agent sanitar; medic igienist ~ service - servicii de asisten medical heavy adj. 1. greu 2. mare; masiv, n cantitate mare; abundent, bogat 3. ridicat, exorbitant (despre preuri) 4.
grav

~ crop - recolt bogat ~ damage - avarie grav ~ -duty - de mare putere/capacitate ~ expenditure - cheltuieli mari ~ goods - mrfuri grele ~ grains - cereale grele (gru, porumb,
secar)

~ imports - importuri masive

152

HEA-HIG

~ industry - industria grea ~ loss - pierdere mare ~ market - (bur.} pia inactiv; (SUA) pia activ ~ of sale - greu vandabil ~ order - comand mare ~ percentage - procent ridicat ~ sales - vnzri masive ~ traffc - trafic intens/aglomerat ~ user - utilizator frecvent, mare cumprtor hectar s. hectar hedge s. acoperire, protecie v.t. a apra, a proteja ~ fund - fond mutual protejat (care acoper eventualele pierderi cauzate de scderea valorii unor titluri de valoare prin investiii n alte titluri cu perspective de cretere ~ ratio - (bur., fin.) rata de asigurare mpotriva riscurilor hedging s. (bur., fin.) hedging, acoperire (pperahme de contracarare a riscurilor ce pot decurge din fluctuaiile cursurilor la bursele de mrfuri, din variaiile preurilor n tranzaciile de comer exterior sau ale cursurilor de schimb) heel s. cotor (de chitan, cec), matc; contramarc heir s. motenitor, succesor ~ apparent - motenitor aparent; motenitor legal/direct ~ -at-law - motenitor legitim/de drept ~ general - legatar universal ~ presumptive - motenitor prezumptiv heirdom s. motenire; drept de motenire heiress s. motenire, succesoare

heirloom s. obiecte de familie (care se transmit din generaie n generaie) hereditament s. 1. proprietate care poate fi motenit/transmis prin succesiune 2. motenire, succesiune hidden adj. ascuns; secret ~ asset - activ subevaluat ~ damage - (mar.) avarie ascuns/ neobservat ~ economy - economie subteran ~ inflation - inflaie ascuns/mascat ~ reserve - (cont.) rezerv ascuns/ secret (delict de bilan care const n denaturarea nregistrrilor contabile prin subevaluarea activelor) ~ tax - impozit ascuns/indirect ~ unemployment - omaj ascuns/ mascat hierarchical adj. ierarhic ~ structure (man.) structur ierarhic high adj. 1. nalt; ridicat, mare 2. important, nalt (despre funcie, rang) 3. superior, de calitate superioar 4. scump, costisitor ~ commissioner - nalt comisar ~ -class de calitate superioar ~ farming agricultur intensiv ~ finance - marea finan ~ finish - finisaj superior ~ -geared - cu grad mare de ndatorare ~ -grade superior, de calitate superioar; cu coninut bogat (despre minereu) ~ -involvement product - produs cu implicare putemic (pe care cumpr-torul se hotrte cu greu s-l achiziioneze) ~ price - pre mare/ridicat ~ quality calitate superioar ~ road - dmm principal; osea

fflG-HOM

153

~ seas - largul mrii (apele intemaionale) ~ season - sezon turistic ~ technology - nalt tehnologie, tehnologie de mare performan ~ yielders "- aciuni cu profit mare - -yielding fund - fond mutual cu plasamente foarte avantajoase (,ns cu un grad de risc mai ridicat) highway s. dmm principal, osea; osea naional hire s. 1. nchiriere; locaie 2. chirie 3. angajare, tocmire (a unui lucrtor) 4. plat, leaf v.t. 1. a nchiria, a lua cu chirie 2. (on) a angaja {in slujb), a tocmi (pentru o treaba) 3. (out) a nchiria, a da cu chirie ~ -purchase agreement - contract de vnzare n rate (proprietatea asupra articolului devenind efectiv o dat cu achitarea ultimei rate) ~ -purchase company - societate de credit (care finaneaz achiziionarea de bunuri cu plata n rate) ~ -purchase price - pre pentru vnzarea n rate historical adj. istoric ~ cost - cost istoric (cost iniial al unui
activ)

to ~ good - a rmne valabil to ~ the market - a controla/a domina piaa holder s. deintor, posesor; titular (al unei licene, al unui cont) ~ for value - deintor (al unei cambii) pentru valori fumizate ~ in due course - ter deintor (al unei
cambi)

~ rate of return - (fin.) rata istoric a rentabilitii (unui titlu de valoare pe

un an daf)

hoard s. 1. stoc, rezerv, fond 2. tezaur v.t. 1. a stoca, a aduna 2. a tezauriza v.i'. a face rezerve/stocuri hoarding s. 1. stocare, adunare 2. tezaurizare hoist s. (mar.) coad (de marf) hold v.t. a deine, a poseda; a avea n proprietate to ~ an office - a deine un post/funcie

holding s. 1. deinere, posesie 2. ferm mic; mic proprietate agricol 3. (i pl.) pachet de aciuni ~ company - companie holding holiday s. 1. srbtoare; zi de odihn 2. (ipl.) vacan; concediu ~ s with pay - concediu cu plat holidaymaker s. vilegiaturist home s. cas, locuin; domiciliu adj. 1. casnic; domestic, referitor la cas/locuin 2. intem, interior 3. naional ~ address - adres privat ~ audit - audit casnic ~ banking - servicii bancare la domiciliu (sistem de tranzacii bancare prin computerul personal conectat la cele ale bncii} ~ bill - cambie intem (pltibil n tara unde afost emis) ~ consumption - consum intem ~ country - metropol ~ currency - moned naional ~ demand - cerere intem ~ economics - economie domestic ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de napoiere; mrfuri de import ~ industry industria casnic ~ loan - mprumut ipotecar ~ market - pia intem ~ news - tiri inteme

154

HOM-HOT

~ office - sediu central (al unei

societi)

~ port - port de domiciliu/ata/ nregistrare ~ products - produse de fabricaie intem ~ sales - valoare a vnzrilor pe piaa intem ~ trade - comert interior; (mar.) cabotaj naional ~ -trade ship/vessel - nav de cabotaj naional ~ value declaration - declaraie asupra valorii mrfii n ara de origine homestead 5. 1. gospodrie agricol, ferm 2. lot de teren acordat unui colonist ~ law - lege care protejeaz fermele de sechestru sau vnzare silit; lege care reglementeaz vnzarea terenurilor agricole homeward adj adv. (niar.) ctre/spre
ar

honour s. cinste; onoare v.t. 1. a onora, a plti (un cec) 2. a respecta, a ndeplini (o obligaie, un angajamenf) ~ policy - poli de onoare/fr obiect asigurat horizontal adj. orizontal ~ amalgamation/merger - fuziune orizontal (fuziunea a dou firme care produc acelai tip de bunuri sau
servici)

~ -bound - n drum spre ar (despre

nava)

cargo caric/ncrctur de napoiere; mrfuri de import ~ trip/voyage - cltorie/voiaj de napoiere homework s. munc la domiciliu homogeneous adj. omogen; similar expectations - (fin.) estimri omogene (estimri asemntoare ale riscului i ale rentabilitii de ctre toi investitorii) ~ products - produse similare/de substituie honorarium s. onorariu honorary adj. onorific, de onoare ~ debt datorie de onoare ~ member membm de onoare

~ combination/integration - combinare/integrare orizontal ~ expansion - expansiune orizontal (extinderea unei companii prin dezvoltarea unor produse vndute pe piee similare i cu profil asemntor sau mrirea suprafeei agricole) ~ reduction of tariffs - reducere orizontal/liniar a taxelor vamale (reducerea cu acelai procent a tuturor taxelor vamale ale rilor participante la o rund de negocieri comerciale} ~ trust - trust orizontal horse s. cal ~ power - cal-putere ~ trade - trguial, tocmeal; vnzare/ nego de cai horticulture s. horticultur holticulturist s. horticultor hosiery s. 1. galanterie de dam 2. tricotaje hostile adj. ostil ~ takeover - preluare ostil (achiziionarea printr-o ofer pe care conducerea societii vizate o respinge) ~ tariffs - bariere vamale hot adj. cald, fierbinte ~ bill - cambie fierbinte (cu scadena apropiat)

HOT-HYP

155

~ money - bani fierbini (capital atras din strintate de dobnzi ridicate sau de un climat politic sigur) hotel s. hotel ~ industry/trade - industria hotelier hour . or ~ zonie - fus orar hourly adj. orar, pe or ~ output - producie orar ~ rate - norm orar house s. 1. cas, imobil; locuin, domiciliu 2. societate, companie; cas de comert; oficiu adj. referitor la cas; casnic, domestic v.t. 1. a caza; gzdui 2. a depozita, a nmagazina ~ agent - agent imobiliar ~ bill - cambie tras asupra societtii
centrale (de ofilial din strintate)

~ brand - marc proprie/de comer (nume de marc atribuit unui produs de ctre un intermediar, de obicei un
detailist important)

~ flag - pavilion de- companie de navigaie -union - sindicat pe societate

(neafiliat)

household s. gospodrie, menaj adj. casnic, menajer ~ art - gospodrie, menaj ~ durables - articole casnice de folosin ndelungat ~ policy - poli de asigurare a locuinei householder s. cap de familie; gospodar housekeeper s. 1. intendent, administrator 2. gospodin housekeeping s. 1. gospodrie, menaj; gospodrire, administrare 2. economie domestic ~ money - bani de coni

housing A. 1. locuin; locuine 2. construcie de locume ~ development - ansambhi de locuine ~ estate - teren destinat construciei de locuine sociale hovercraft s. nav pe pem de aer huckster s. 1. vnztor ambulant; negustor de mruniuri 2. vnztor convingtor/abil 3. autor de emisiuni publicitare v.t., v.i. a face nego ambulant (de) hull s. (asig. mar.) corp de nav, coc ~ and machinery - corp i maini ~ and materials - corp i materiale ~ insurance asigurare casco ~ underwriters asigurtori casco human adj. uman ~ capital - capital uman ~ (-factor) engineering - ergonomie -resource management managementul resurselor umane hundredweight s. chintal husband s. 1. administrator; gospodar 2. (mar.) agent general al armatorului; administrator de nav v.t. a administra, a conduce; a economisi husbandry s. 1. administrare; gospodrie 2. agricultur hush s. tcere ~ money - mit, cumprarea tcerii unui martor hyperinflation s. hiperinflaie, inflaie galopant hypermarket s. supermarket (de obicei la periferia unui ora) hypothec s. ipotec hypothecary adj. ipotecar hypothecate v.t. a ipoteca

ice s. ghea ~ clause - clauza gheii (de predare a ncrcturii n cel mai apropiat port neblocat de gheuri) ~ risk - (asig. mar.) risc de gheuri idle adj. inactiv; neutilizat, nevalorificat; neproductiv, neoperativ v.t. a irosi; a nu folosi {la ntreaga capacitate) v.i. 1. a sta neutilizat 2. (over) a merge n gol; a avea timpi mori (despre maini, utilaje) ~ capacity capacitate neutilizat ~ capital - capital inactiv/ neproductiv ~ market - pia inactiv ~ time - timp mort; gol de producie ~ tonnage - (mar.) tonaj nefolosit (al navelor care staioneaz n rezerv) illegal ad]. ilegal, nelegal, ilicit illegality s. ilegalitate, act ilicit illegible adj. ilizibil, indescifrabil ~ signature semntur ilizibil/ indescifrabil illicit adj. ilicit, ilegal ~ commission - mit ~ trade - comert ilicit, contraband illiquid adj. care nu poate fi transformat n bani lichizi (despre active) illusory adj. iluzoriu ~ profit - profit iluzoriu imbalance s. dezechilibru (al balanei comerciale) immediate adj. imediat ~ availability disponibilitate ime-diat

~ posession - (dr.) luare imediat n posesie immigrant s., adj. imigrant ~ remittances - bani trimii de imigrani (familiilor rmase n ara de origine) immigrate v.i. a imigra immobilize v.t. 1. a imobiliza (capitalul circulant) . a retrage din circutaie {monede pentru ntrirea bancnotelor) immovable adj. 1. imobil; imobiliar 2. (dr.) inamovibil ^. pl. bunuri imobiliare, proprietate imobiliar ~ property - proprietate imobiliar immunity s. scutire (de taxe, impozite
etc.)

immunization. s. (fn.) imunizare (stabilizarea venitului unei obligaiuni) impact s. impact ~ effect - efectul impactului (creterea cererii atunci cnd nu este posibil creterea imediat a oferte) imperfect adj. imperfect, incomplet ~ competition - concuren imperfect/ monopolist ~ entry - declaraie vamal preliminar ~ market - pia imperfect (cu concuren imperfect) imperialism s. imperialism (economic) impersonal arf/'.impersonal accounts (cont.) conturi impersonale ~ ledger - (cont.) cartea mare impersonal / general

IMP-IN

157

~ payee - beneficiar impersonal (formul pe un cec) imperial adj. britanic, folosit n Marea Britanie ~ system - sistemul britanic de uniti de msur imperialism s. imperialism (economic) implement A\ unealt; instrument v.t. a implementa, a pune n aplicare implicit adj. implicit ~ contract - contract implicit/tacit ~ rent - rent (funciar) implicit implied adj. implicit ~ term.- clauz implicit ~ trust ~ mandat implicit (creat prin efectul legii) ~ warranty - (asig.) garanie implicit import s. 1. import 2. marf importat/ de import v.t. a importa ~ ban/prohibition interdicie a - importului ~ broker - broker de import ~ commission agent - agent comisi-onar de import (firm specializata) ~ deposit - depozit la import (form de restricie a importurilor prin care importatorul este obligat s depun temporar la banca central un procent din valoarea importului) ~ duty - tax vamal de import ~ entry - declaraie vamal de import ~ gold/specie point - (fin.) punct de aur la import ~ goods - mrfuri importate/de import ~ licence - licen de import ~ merchant importator independent ~ permit autorizaie de import ~ quota contingent/cot de import ~ restrictions restricii la import ~ substitution substituire a impor-tului {ncercarea unei ri de a reduce

importurile, ncurajnd de7.volta.rea industriilor inteme)

~ surcharge - supratax la import ~ surplus - excedent la import ~ trade - comert de import importable adj. importabil importation s. 1. importare, import 2. marf importat importer s. importator impose v.t. a impune, a stabili (taxe,
impozite)

impost s. impozit; tax vamal impound v.t. {dr.) a sechestra impoverish v.t. 1. a srci, pauperiza 2.
a epuiza (fertilitatea unui teren)

impresario s. impresar imprest s. avans, mprumut (acordat unei ntreprinderi care produce pentru stat sau pentru derularea unor servicii publice) ~ system - (cont.) sistem imprest (de plat n numerar a cheltuielilor mrunte) improve v.t. a mbunti, a ameliora; a perfeciona v.i. 1. a se mbunti, a se ameliora; a se perfeciona 2. a crete, a se mri (despre preur) to ~ on smb.'s offer - a oferi mai mult dect cineva improvement s. 1. mbuntire, ameliorare; perfecionare 2. progres, dezvoltare, modemizare 3. cretere, mrire (a preurilor) improver s. practicant, stagiar; ucenic ~ upon an offer - persoan care supraliciteaz impulse s. impuls ~ buyer - cumprtor impulsiv ~ goods - mrfuri cumprate sub pomirea impulsului in prep. n

158

IN-INC

~ - and-out - in-and-out (cumprarea i revnzarea imediat de titluri de

valoare)

~ - bond - depozitat n antrepozite vamale (despre mrfurile care urmeaz afi supuse taxelor vamale) ~ - bond price - pre n antrepozitele vamale (fnainte de vmuire) ~ cash - n numerar ~ - house - propriu; intem; autohton ~ - house training - pregtire/instmire n cadrul ntreprinderii ~ - the - money option - (bur.) opiune cu pre de exerciiu inferior cursului pieei ~ transit - n tranzit inactive adj. inactiv ~ account - cont inactiv ~ capital - capital inactiv/neproductiv ~ market - (bur.) pia inactiv ~ securities - titluri de valoare inactive/fr cutare inbound adj . (mar.) care se ntoarce din voiaj, pe drum de ntoarcere ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur de ntoarcere incalculable adj. incalculabil ~ risk - (asig.) risc incalculabil incapacitate v.t. (dr.) a priva de un drept/o capacitate legal, a face s decad (dintr-un drept) incapacity s. (dr.) incapacitate legal, decdere (din drepturi) incentive s. stimulent (material), stimulare, cointeresare adj. stimulativ ~ marketing - marketing de stimulare ~ premium - prim de stimulare ~ scheme - sistem stimulativ, plan de stimulare (m salarizare) ~ wage - salarizare progresiv (in
funcie de productivitate)

inception s. nceput (al perioadei pentru care o poli de asigurare este valabil) inch s. ol (unitate de mdsur pentru lungime) inchmaree s. nume al unei nave ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza neglijenei inchoate adj. incomplet ~ instrument - instmment de plat incomplet (cambid) incidental adj. ocazional, neprevzut; mrunt, nensemnat s.pl. cheltuieli neprevzute/diverse ~ expenses - cheltuieli neprevzute/ diverse inclusive adj. 1. total, general, global 2. (of) incluznd, inclusiv (despre preuri, tarife) adv. inclusiv ~ of all charges - inclusiv toate cheltuielile ~ price - pre total/care include toate cheltuielile ~ sum - sum global/forfetar ~ terms - condiii de preuri inclusive; pre n care sunt cuprinse toate serviciile ~ tour - circuit turistic complet/cu toate serviciile incluse m pre income s. venit; ctig, beneficiu ~ and expenditure account - (cont.) cont de venituri i cheltuieli ~ bond - obligaiune purttoare de venit (la care se pltete dobnd numai dac exist profit) ~ effect - efect asupra venitului (in
comportamentul comerciat)

~ elasticity - elasticitate a veniturilor ~ fund - fond mutual de ctig (care realizeaz cele mai avantajoase

INC-I<D

159

plasamente pentru a obine ctigul

maxim posibil)

~ group - grup de venituri ~ in kind - venit n natur ~ redistribution - redistribuire a veniturilor ~ statement - (cont.) (SUA) situatia veniturilor ~ tax - impozit pe venit ~ tax allowances - reduceri ale impozitului pe venit ~ value - valoare a venitului obinut ~ velocity - viteza transformrii banilor n venit incoming adj. 1. care sosete/vine 2. urmtor s. 1. intrare, sosire 2. pl. ctiguri, beneficii; ncasri ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur de import ~ invoice - factur de cumprare ~ mail - coresponden sosit ~ s and outgoings - ncasri i cheltuieli incompatible adj. incompatibil ~ cargo - caric incompatibil (care nu poatefi inut lng alte mrfuri) inconvertible adj. neconvertibil incorporate v.t. 1. a nregistra, a nfiina (o societate sau o corporaie) 2. a ncorpora; a unifica v.i. (SUA) a nfiina o corporaie adj. 1. constituit sub forma unei corporaii 2. ncorporat; unificat incorporated adj. 1. (SUA.) constituit sub forma unei corporaii 2. ncorporat; unificat ~ broker - agent/broker de asigurri (membru al unei asociaii profesionale) incorporation s. nregistrare, mfiinare a unei societi, a unei corporaii incorporeal adj. (dr.) incorporal

~ hereditament - drept incorporal (drept de uzufruct cu excluderea dreptului de nud proprietate) ~ possession - posesie incorporal (proprietate asupra unui drept legal) incorrect adj. incorect; defectuos ~ endorsement - andosare defectuoas increase s. mrire, cretere v.t., v.i. a crete, a (se) mri ~ of capital - mrire a capitalului social ~ of the risk - (asig.) cretere a riscului to be on the ~ - a fi n cretere increasing adj. crescnd, n cretere ~ demand - cerere n cretere increment s. 1. increment, cretere, mrire; spor; adaos 2. ctig, profit incremental adj. incremental ~ analysis - analiz incremental ~ cash flow - flux de numerar incremental (fluxul de numerar net care poate fi atribuit unui proiect de
investii)

~ cost - cost marginal ~ cost of capital - cost incremental al capitalului {costul mediu al capitalului suplimentar obinut n timpul unui an dat) incur v.t. a se expune (imui risc); a contracta (obligaii); a suferi (pierder) to ~ a penalty - a fi penalizat to ~ debts - a face datorii to ~ expenses - a avea cheltuieli indebted adj. dator, ndatorat indebtedness 5-. datorie, datorii; sum datorat indemnification s. 1. despgubire, compensaie 2. garanie; garantare, asigurare indemnify v.t. 1. a despgubi, a compensa 2. a asigura, a garanta

160

IND

indemnity s. 1. despgubire, indemnizaie, compensaie 2. asigurare, garanie 3. (dr.) imunitate ~ bond - scrisoare de garanie indent s. comand (de mrfuri) v.t. 1. a comanda (mrfuri) 1. a ntocmi (un act) n dublu exemplar 3. a angaja (ca ucenic) indenture s. 1. act/document oficial 2. contract sinalagmatic 3. contract de ucenicie (intre ucenic i meter) 4. contract de emisiune {acord formal ntre emitentul unor obligaiuni i deintorii acestord) v.t. a angaja prin contract (ca ucenic) indentured adj. angajat/legat prin contract ~ labour - mn de lucru angajat prin contract (pe termen lung) independent adj. independent ~ importer - importator independent means mijloace de trai independente (obinute din rente sau titluri de valoare) index s. L indice, indicator 2. index, repertorm, tabel alfabetic; tabl de materii v.t. a alctui un index; a trece n index, a clasa ~ arbitrage - (bur.) arbitraj de indici ~ card - fi (de cartotec) ~ fund - fond mutual raportat la un indice (fond mutual al crui portofoliu corespunde unui indice oficial) ~ (- linked) bond - obligaiune indexat/stabilizat/corelat cu inflaia ~ number - indice, indicator ~ word - cuvnt index indexation s. indexare indexing v. indexation indictment s. (dr.) inculpare, punere sub acuzare; rechizitoriu

indifference s. indiferen, pasivitate ~ curve - curba indiferenei (grafic care reprezint diferite combinaii ale mai multor mrfuri cu caliti identice i care i ofer consumatorului satisfacie egal) indigenous adj. indigen, intem ~ production - producie intem indirect adj. indirect ~ action - aciune (publicitar) indirect (care urmrete promovarea prestigiului unei firme sau al unei marci, i nu vnzarea propriu-zis de produse) ~ cost - cost indirect ~ damages - daune indirecte {oferite drept compensaie pentru nerespecta-rea obligaiilor contractuale) ~ exchange schimb valutar indirect (intre dou ri, folosindu-se valuta unei a treia ri) ~ labour - munc indirect {activitatea de administraie, ntreinere etc.) ~ parity paritate indirect (rata de schimb a don valute calculat prin raportare la o a treia) ~ production - producie indirect [care folosete diviziunea muncii) ~ quote - curs de schimb valutar indirect ~ sale - vnzare prin intermediar ~ tax impozit indirect individual adj. individual ~ demand - cerere individual ~ file dosar individual ~ producer - productor individual indorse v. endorse induction s. (man.) instalare (ntr-o funcie), angajare (intr-un post}

IND-INF

161

industrial adj. 1. industrial; de producie 2. de munc s. 1. industria 2. pl. aciuni ale unei societi industriale ~ accident - accident de munc ~ action protest de munc; grev ~ archaeology istoria tehnicii ~ bank - societate de credit (care finaneaz achiziionarea de bunuri cu plata n rate} ~ capital - capital industrial ~ carrier nav pentru materii prime (minereuri, iei etc.) ~ complex - complex industrial ~ crops - culturi tehnice/industriale ~ democracy - democraie industrial (participarea muncitorilor la luarea deciziilor n ntreprinderea unde care lucreaz) ~ design - design industrial ~ development bond - (SUA) obliga-iune (municipal) pentru dezvoltarea industrial ~ disease - boal profesional ~ dispute conflict de munc ~ district - regiune industrial ~ ecosystem - ecosistem industrial ~ effluents - ape reziduale industriale ~ espionage/spying - spionaj industrial ~ estate/park - zon de dezvoltare industrial ~ goods - produse industriale ~ health/hygiene - igiena muncii ~ inertia - inerie industrial (dezinteresul, unor proprietari de ntre-prinderi industriale de a-i muta societile n alte locuri mai propice desfurrii activitii) ~ injuries insurance - asigurare pentru accidente de munc ~ life cycle - ciclu de via industrial ~ medicine - medicina muncii

~ naphtha - solvent petrolier ~ nation - ar industrializat ~ plant - plant tehnic/industrial ~ policy - politic industrial ~ property - proprietate industrial (asupra brevetelor, mrcilor etc.) ~ psychology - psihotehnic ~ relations - relaii de munc {ntre patronat i salariai) ~ safety - tehnica securitii muncii ~ school - coal profesional/de
meserii

~ television - televiziune industrial / n circuit nchis ~ tribunal - tribunal de munc ~ truck - stivuitor, crucior de ridicat ~ union - sindicat pe ramur industrialism s. industrialism industrialist s. industria industrialization s. industrializare industrialize v.. a industrializa industry s. 1. industrie; ramur industrial 2. ntreprindere, fabric, uzin ~ structure - structur a unei ramuri industriale inelastic adj. neelastic (despre cerere, ofert etc.) inert adj. inert; inactiv ~ goods - mrfuri inerte (minereuri, nisip, bumbac, Idn etc.) inertia s. inerie ~ selling - vnzare inerial (metod de marketing prin care unele produse sunt expediate prin pot potenialilor clieni fr ca acetia s le fi comandat) inexpensive adj. ieftin, necostisitor inexpensiveness s. ieftintate infant adj. nou, recent, n dezvoltare ~ industry - industrie nou

162

INF-INL

inferior adj. inferior, de calitate inferioar ~ good - produs inferior (pentru care
cererea scade atunci cnd scad i preurile)

infringe v.t. a nclca (un contract, un

drept de autor etc.)

inflammable adj. inflamabil ~ goods - marf inflamabil materials materiale/substane inflamabile inflate v.t. 1. a mri (preurie) artificial 2. a provoca inflaia inflation s. inflatie ~ accounting - contabilitate de inflaie ~ premium - prim de inflaie (prim pentru inflaia anticipat sau estimat pe care investitorii o adun la rata pur a rentabilitii) inflationary adj. inflaionist ~ policy - politic inflaionist ~ pressure presiune inflaionist ~ spiral - spiral inflaionist/salarii -- preuri ~ trends - tendine inflaioniste inflationism s. inflaionism inflationist s. inflaionist, adept al inflaionismului inflow v. influx influx s. aflux (de capital, clieni, mrfuri etc.) information s. 1. informaie, infor-maii; informare 2. tiri, veti 3. cuno-tine, informaie; cultur ~ bureau/offce - birou de informaii ~ desk - ghieu de informaii ~ technology - tehnologie informaio-nal informative adj. informativ ~ advertising - publicitate informativ ~ price - pre informativ infrastructure s. infrastructur

ingot s. lingou ~ of legal fineness - lingou cu titlu legal inherent adj. inerent, propriu
~ vice - (asig.) viciu inerent (unei mrji)

inherit v.t. a moteni inheritable adj. transmisibil, care poate fi lsat motenire; succesoral inheritance s. 1. motenire, succesiune 2. motenire, proprietate motenit ~ tax - tax succesoral, impozit pe motenire inheritor 5. motenitor, succesor initial adj. iniial ~ capital - capital iniial ~ costs - cheltuieli iniiale, investiii; cost de baz ~ outlays - cheltuieli iniiale/de instalare ~ public offering - ofert public iniial (de aciuni comune) injure v.t. 1. a rni, a vtma 2. a
prejudicia, a leza (reputaia uneifirme) 3. a avaria, a deteriora

injury 5'. 1. ran, leziune 2. ofens, lezare 3. avarie, pagub; daun, prejudicii inland s. regiune / parte central; teritoriu situat departe de grani sau de mare adj. 1. situat nuntrul rii; departe de grani sau de mare 2. interior, intem; autohton, indigen adv. n interioml/centrul rii ~ bill - cambie intem (pltibil n ara
unde afost emisa)

~ commodities - produse indigene ~ duty - acciz, tax de consum; vam intem

INL-INS

163

~ harbour/port - port interior ~ invoice - factur intem (pentru

mrfuri vndute pe piaa interna)

~ mail - pot intem ~ marine/transit insurance - asigurri maritime pe cile navigabile interioare ~ navigation - navigaie interioar/ fluvial ~ payments - pli inteme ~ postage - tarif potal pentru corespondena intem ~ rate - tarif intem ~ revenue - venituri fiscale/provenite din impozite ~ route - rut fluvial ~ sea - mare interioar/continental ~ trade - comer interior; (mar.) cabotaj intem ~ waters - ape interioare/ continentale ~ waterways - ci navigabile interioare/fluviale inn s. han, popas inner adj. interior ~ dock - bazin portuar interior ~ harbour/port - port interior ~ reserve - (cont.) rezerv ascuns/ secret (delict de bilan care const n denaturarea nregistrrilor contabile
prin subevaluarea activelor)

insider s. iniiat, persoan bine informat (despre o afacere) ~ dealing/trading - (bur.) afaceri/ tranzacii ale iniiailor (directori de
societi, nali funcionari care posed informaii suplimentare despre anumite aciuni tranzacionate) inshore adj. costier, de coast adv. la

innkeeper s. hangiu ~ 's lien - drept de retenie al hangiului (asupra bagajelor unui client ca garanie a achitrii notei deplata) innovation s. inovaie inoperative adj. 1. inactiv, neoperativ 2. (dr.) inoperant, nevalabil, far efect ~ clause - clauz fr efect (intr-un
contract) inscribe v.t. a emite (aciuni nominale)

rm, aproape de rm/coast ~ fishery/fishing - pescuit costier ~ navigation - navigaie costier, mic cabotaj ~ trade- (mar.) cabotaj insolvency s. insolvabilitate practitioner profesionist specializat n lichidarea firmelor falimentare insolvent adj. insolvabil; falimentar s. debitor insolvabil; falit ~ act - legea falimentului ~ debtor - debitor insolvabil inspection s. inspecie, verificare, control ~ certificate - certificat de control ~ officer - inspector ~ stamp - tampil de control/garanie ~ tools - instrumente de control inspector 5'. 1. inspector 2. controlor de calitate ~ general - inspector general ~ of taxes inspector financiar ~ of weights and measures verificator de msuri i greuti instal(l)ment s. rat; plat n rate ~ credit credit rambursabil n rate ~ plan/system sistem de vnzri cu plata n rate institute s. institut; societate, asociaie v.t. 1. a institui, a stabili (o lege) 2. a nfiina, a fonda (o societate) 3. (dr.) a

insertion s. anun, informaie (intr-un

ziar)

164

INS

pune n posesie (ca motenitor etc.) 4. a intenta (o aciune judiciar') ~ cargo clauses - clauze de asigurare a mrfurilor (stabilite de Institutul Asigurtorilor Maritimi din Londra) ~ time clauses (hull and cargo) -clauze de asigurare n timp (a corpului i a mrfi) (stabilite de Institutul Asigurtorilor Maritimi din Londrd) ~ warranties - conditii de limitare a sectoarelor de navigatie pentm navele asigurate adj. instituional ~ institutional advertising - publicitate instituio-nal (a uneifirme, menit s sporeasc prestigiul acesteia) ~ economics - instituionalism ~ investor - investitor instituional (fonduri de pensii, societi de investiii financiare etc.) ~ market - pia instituional ~ monopoly - monopol instituional (instituit atunci cnd proprietarul unei mrci de fabric o folosete pentru a-i impune produsele prin publicitate i ambalaj special pentru a le diferenia cu orice pre de oferta concurenei) institutionalism 5. institutionalism instruct v.t. 1. a instrui, a pregti (ntr-un domeniu) 2. a da instruciuni/ dispoziii instruction s. 1. instrucie, pregtire 2. pl. instruciuni, dispoziii ~ book - manual de ntreinere; carte tehnic instrument s. 1. instrument, aparat, dispozitiv 2. instrument, act juridic; document oficial insurable adj. asigurabil ~ interest - interes asigurabil; obiect al asigurrii

~ risk - risc asigurabil insurance s. asigurare ~ against all risks - asigurare contra tuturor riscurilor ~ against total loss - asigurare contra pierderii totale ~ agent/broker - agent/broker de asigurri ~ carrier - asigurat ~ certificate - certificat de asigurare ~ club - club de asigurare mutual (asociaie de armatori care sunt n acelai timp asigurai i asigurtori) ~ commission comision de asigurare (pltit agentului de asigurr} ~ company - societate de asigurri ~ contract - contract de asigurare ~ free from particular average -asigurare fr avarie particular ~ fund - fond de asigurri ~ instructions - instmciuni de asigurare ~ note/slip - talon de asigurare ~ of cargo asigurare a caricului/ ncrcturii ~ of hull - asigurare casco (a corpului navef) ~ policy - poli de asigurare ~ premium prim de asigurare ~ rider - clauz suplimentar de asigurare ~ shares - actiuni ale unei societi de asigurri ~ surveyor - inspector de asigurri (n sectorul asigurrilor pentru accidente i incendi) ~ tariff - tarif de asigurare ~ value valoare de asigurare ~ with particular average - asigurare cu avarie particular insure v.t., v.i. a (se) asigura

INS-INT

165

insured s. asigurat insurer ^. asigurtor; societate de asigurri intangible adj. intangibil -- assets - active intangibile (brevete, licene, mrci defabric etc.) intellectual adj. intelectual ~ property - proprietate intelectual intensive adj. intensiv ~ agriculture - agricultur intensiv intercourse s. relaii, legturi {comerciale) interchangeable adj. interanjabil, interschimbabil ~ bond - obligatiune interanjabil interest s. 1. interes, avantaj, profit 2. dobnd 3. pl. gmp de persoane cu interese (economice) comune; actionari; proprietari 4. (in) investiii, sum investit (fn), participare (Id), cotparte (din)', (dr.) drept (asupra), interese materiale (m) ~ bond - obligaiune n contul dobnzii (pbligaiune oferit cnd dobnda nu poatefi achitat n numerar) cover acoperirea dobnzii {indicator care arat de cte ori pot fi pltite dobnzile unei ntreprinderi din profitul su brut) ~ expense - cheltuiala reprezentnd dobnda ~ in suspense - dobnd de ncasat de la clienii insolvabili ~ penalty - dobnd penalizatoare ~ rate - rata dobnzii ~ rate inflationary premium - prim de inflaie la rata dobnzii ~ warrant - cupon de dobnd to bear/to carry/to pay/to yield ~ - a aduce dobnd

interim s. inierimat adj. interimar; provizoriu ~ accounts - (cont.) contun provizorii ~ bond - certificat provizoriu de obligatiuni ~ committee - comitet interimar ~ dividend - dividend partial, acont asupra dividendului intermediary adj., s. intermediar ~ trade - comert intermediar intermediate adj. intermediar; mijlocit, indirect s. intermediar, mijlocitor v.i. a fi intermediar ~ goods/products - semifabricate ~ trade - comert intermediar intermediation s. intermediere, mijlocire intermittent adj. intermitent ~ demand - cerere intermitent internal adj. intem ~ audit - audit intem ~ debt - datorie public/de stat ~ financing - finanare intem ~ market - pia intem ~ navigation - navigaie interioar/ fluvial ~ rate of return -. rata intem a rentabilitii (rentabilitatea unei investiii exprimat ca proft anual
procentua raportat la investiia iniial)

~ regulations - regulament de ordine interioar ~ revenue - ncasri fiscale ~ trade - comert interior ~ waters - ape interioare international adj. intemaional ~ cheque'- cec turistic ~ company/corporation - societate/ corporaie intemational ~ currency - valut intemaional/forte

166

INT-INV

~ investments - investiii n strintate ~ law - drept intemaional ~ liquidity - lichiditate intemational ~ market - pia intemaional ~ money order - mandat potal internaional ~ trade - comert intemaional ~ waters - ape intemaionale interstate adj. interstatal ~ commerce - (SUA) comert interstatal intervention s. intervenie (a statului n economie, a bncii centrale pe piaa financiar-bancar etc.) interventionist s. intervenionist
{adept al interveniei statului n economie)

invalidity s. (dr) nulitate, lips de valabilitate/valoare; caracter inoperant invent v.. a inventa inventor s. inventator inventory s. 1. inventar 2. stoc (de mrfuri, materii prime) v.t. a inventaria, a face inventarul ~ book - registru de inventar ~ control - gestiune a inventarului ~ conversion period - perioad de conversie a stocurilor (timpul mediu
necesar pentru a converti materiile prime n produse finite i pentru a le vinde)

~ costing methods - (cont.) metode de evaluare a stocului (pentru alocarea

costului de achiziiepe stoc)

interview 5. 1. ntrevedere, ntlnire 2. interviu v.t. 1. a avea o ntrevedere cu 2. a intervieva intestacy s. (dr.) 1. deces al unei persoane care nu las testament, succesiune ab intestat 2. incapacitate de a-i testa bunurile intestate (rir.) adj. ab intestat, decedat fr testament s. persoan decedat fr testament ~ succession - succesiune ab inestat intrapreneurship s. intraprenoriat (promovarea calitilor de antreprenor
n interiorul marilor companii)

intrinsic adj. intrinsec ~ value - valoare intrinsec/absolut (a unei monede, a unui produs) intrust v. entrust invalid adj. (dr.) nul i neavenit, lipsit de valabilitate/ valoare, far valoare/
efect

~ clause - clauz nul/fr efect invalidate v.t. (dr.) a invalida, a declara nul i neavenit

~ pressure - presiune a stocurilor de mrfuri, stocuri supranormative turnover rotaia stocurilor (raportul dintre vnzri i stocur) ~ value - valoare de inventar to draw up an ~ - a face inventarul inverted adj. invers ~ takeover - (bur.) preluare invers {cumprarea unei societi anonime de ctre una cu rspundere limitat sau a unei societi mari de ctre una mai mic) invest v.t. a investi, a plasa investment s. 1. investiie; plasament 2. portofoliu de investiii ~ allowance - reduceri fiscale pentru investiii (inlocuirea mijloacelor fixe UT.ate) ~ analysis - analiza investitiei ~ analyst - analist de investiii ~ bank banc de investitii ~ bill - cambie de investiie ~ capital - capital de investiie

INV-INW

167

~ club - club de investiii (asocierea niai multor persoane cu scopul de a

constitui un portofoliu de investii)

~ credit - credit de investiie/pe termen lung ~ goods - mijloace de producie ~ grants / incentives - subvenii (guvemamentale) pentru investiii ~ income - venit nemuncit (rente, dobnzi, dividende) ~ list - list de valori recomandate
(list de titluri de valoare a cror cumprare este recomandata)

~ amount - sum facturat ~ book - facturier (camet) ~ clerk - facturier (funcionar care ntocmete facturi) ~ price - pre facturat ~ typist - dactilograf de facturi ~ value - valoare facturat involuntary adj. involuntar ~ absentee - absent involuntar (de la
locul de munca)

~ manager - director al unui fond de investiii ~ opportunity schedule - schema oportunitilor de investiii (grafic al oportunitilor de investiii ale frmei clasate n ordinea ratei rentabilitii proiectelor) performance requirements condiii la realizarea unei investiii (impuse investiiilor strine directe de ctre guvernul rii respective) ~ plan - plan de investiii ~ portfolio - portofohu de investiii ~ (trust) company - societate de investiii financiare ~ turnover - rotaia capitalului investor s. investitor ~ relations - relaii cu investitorii invisible adj. invizibil ~ balance - balana invizibil (a serviciilor) ~ exports - exporturi invizibile (export de servicii) ~ imports - importuri invizibile (import de servici) ~ trade - comert invizibil (sectorul serviciilor) invoice s. factur v.t. a factura

~ investment - investiie involuntar (in stocuri de marf, cauzat de producia pe stoc) ~ saving - economie involuntar (de
bani blocai n stocuri de marf)

~ unemployment - omaj involuntar (cnd patronii evit s faca noi angajri) involvement s. 1. implicare (a unui cumprtor n luarea unei decizii atunci cnd achiziioneaz un prodns) 1. complicaie fnanciar; acumulare de
datorii

inward adj. (mar. ) intem, interior; spre interior ~ bill of lading - conosament pentru mrfuri de import ~ - bound - n curs de efectuare a cltoriei de napoiere (despre nav) cargo caric/ncrctur de napoiere; marfa de import ~ charges taxe de intrare (in port) ~ clearance bill act de lichidare vamal la intrare/import ~ declaration - declaraie vamal la intrare ~ manifest - manifest de intrare/import inwards adv. nuntru, spre interior; pentru import ~ consignment - marfa sosit n port ~ entry - declaraie vamal la intrare

168

INW-ITI

ironmonger s. negustor de articole de fier/fierrie ironmongery s. nego de articole de fier/fierrie irrecoverable adj. nerecuperabil ~ debt - datorie nerecuperabil irredeemable adj. nerambursabil; neamortizabil s. pl. titluri de valoare neamortizabile ~ bond - obligaiune neamortizabil perpetu (care nu are scadena) ~ currency / money - moned neconvertibil

~ preference shares - aciuni prefereniale nerecuperabile (pe care societatea care le-a emis nu are dreptul s le rscumpere) irrevocable adj. irevocabil ~ letter of credit - acreditiv irevocabil issue 5'. 1. numr (al unui ziar); ediie (a unei car) 2. emisiune (de titluri de valoare) 3. eliberare (de bilete, facturi etc.) 4. (dr.) punct n litigiu; problem controversat v.t. 1. a emite, a pune n circulaie (titluri de valoare) 2. a edita, a publica (o carte, un ziar) 3. a elibera
(bilete, facturi etc.)

~ market - piaa emisiunilor ~ of fact - (dr.) punct litigios de fapt ~ of law - (dr.) punct litigios de drept ~ par - valoare nominal (a unei aciun) ~ power - privilegiu de emisiune ~ price - pre de emisiune ~ prospectus - prospect de emisiune ~ voucher - bon de ieire (din magazie) issuer s. emitent item ^. 1. paragraf, articol, punct (dintr-un contract}; articol contabil 2. chestiune, punct (de pe ordinea de zi) 3. informaie, material, articol (de ziar) v.t. a nota, a nsemna ~ s of tax preference - elemente de venit care se deduc nainte de stabilirea venitului impozabil ~ s on the agenda - puncte pe ordinea de zi itemize v.t. a specifica, a enumera (pe
puncte)

itemized adj. specificat, enumerat (pe

puncte)

~ bank - banc de emisiune ~ by tender - emisiune prin adjudecare ~ cost - cost de emisiune ~ house - firm/banc de intermediere (specializat n gsirea de cumprtori pentru aciunile etc. emise de clienii ei)

~ account - cont specificat ~ invoice - factur detaliat itinerant adj. ambulant ~ dealer - negustor ambulant

J
jerque v.t. (mar.) a face controlul vamal ~ note - certificat de control vamal jerry adj. de calitate inferioar; nerezistent (despre construcii i materiale de construci) ~ building - construcii de locuine din materiale proaste i nerezistente (pentru obinerea de profituri rapide) ~ - built - construit repede i prost jetsam s. (mar.) ncrctur amncat peste bord (de pe o nav n pericol,
care se scufunda sau este dus de valuri la mal)

~ dilution - divizare a unei activiti (in munci / sarcini cu grad egal de dificultate) ~ enrichment - extindere a domeniului unei activiti (prin mrirea rspunderii)

~ evaluation - evaluare a postului (pentru ncadrarea ntr-o categorie de

salarizare)

jettison (mar.) s. aruncare peste bord a ncrcturii (pentru salvarea navei n caz de pericol) v.t. a amnca {incrcturd) peste bord job s. 1. munc, lucru, activitate 2. slujb, serviciu; post, funcie 3. afacere (rentabil); specul; profit v.i. 1. a munci ocazional; a lucra n acord 2. a fi intermediar / misit; a specula, a trafica ~ analysis / study - analiza postului ~ breakdown - analiza / defalcarea componentelor postului ~ centre - oficiul fortelor de munc ~ classification - clasificare a activitilor / posturilor ~ classitication statistics - statistic a grupelor de activiti ~ cycle - (/nan.) ciclu de munc
(pentru ndeplinirea sarcinilor specifice postulu)

~ family - grup de activiti analoage ~ flow control - urmrire a secvenei linitilor de lucru n curs de operare ~ knowledge - cunoatere a sarcinilor / specificului unui post ~ line - solduri ~ lot - {bur.) pachet incomplet de aciuni; mrfuri (disparate) vndute angro, partid de solduri ~ order - dispoziie (scris) de lucru ~ (-order) costing - determinare a costului unei activiti (pentru fabricarea unui produs) ~ rate - norm de producie ~ requirements - cerine / exigene ale unei activiti ~ rotation - rotaie a sarcinilor / locului de munc ~ satisfaction - (man.) satisfacia muncii (satisfacia pe care un lucrtor o obine din activitatea sa) ~ sharing - partajare a postului (niodalitatea de a mpri o slujb cu norm ntreag ntre doi sau mai muli angajai cu norm redusa)

~ description - {man.) descriere a postului

170

JOB-JOI

~ specification - (man.) prezentare (amnunita) a sarcinilor i a cerinelor (specifice unui post) ~ step - etap de lucru ~ test - test profesional ~ ticket - fi de lucru (cu instruciuni pentru ndeplinirea unei anumite sarcini) ~ title - denumire a postului ~ training formare la locul de munc ~ wage - salariu n acord ~ work - munc n acord to be out of ~ - a oma to be paid by the ~ - a fi pltit n acord to lie down on the ~ - a lucra prost / de mntuial jobber s. 1. muncitor n acord 2. angrosist 3. jobber, agent de burs (care iniial fcea tranzacii numai cu brokerii) jobbery s. afacere necinstit (a unui funcionar public); abuz de ncredere jobholder s. 1. persoan angajat permanent 2. funcionar de stat jobless adj. far lucru, omer joint adj. comun ~ account - cont comun ~ and several - (dr.) solidar i individual ~ and several liability - rspundere solidar i individual ~ and survivorship - n comun i pentru supravieuitor (formul dintr-o poli de asigurare de via) ~ applicants cosolicitani (ai unui brevet de invenie) ~ benefciaries - (dr.) beneficiari n indiviziune ~ committee - comisie mixt (cu membri din camer i senat); comisie

comun (format din reprezentanii mai multor organizaii) ~ costs - costuri comune ~ creditor - cocreditor ~ debtor - codebitor ~ demand - cerere complementar ~ founder - cofondator ~ heir - comotenitor ~ life annuity - anuitate a poliei comune de asigurare de via ~ life and survivor annuity - anuitate a poliei comune de asigurare de via i pentru supravieuitor (cu anuitatea diminuat dup decesul unuia dintre cei doi asigura) ~ owner - coproprietar ~ ownership / tenancy - proprietate comun, indiviziune ~ partner - coasociat ~ purchase - coachiziie ~ shares - aciuni indivize ~ signature - semntur colectiv / social ~ stock - capital social ~ -stock banks - bnci comerciale ~ -stock company - societate pe aciuni ~ supply - ofert complementar (de produse) ~ survey - expertiz n contradictoriu ~ traffc - trafic combinat (feroviar i
rutier)

~ venture - joint venture, societate mixt (fonn de asociere ntre dou sau mai multe firme care i combin resursele pentru atingerea unui obiectiv specific) jointly adv. n comun ~ and severally - (dr.) solidar i individual

JOU-JL'S

171

journal s. 1. (cont.) jumal 2. revist; ziar, gazet journalize v.t. (cont.) a trece n jumal journey s. 1. cltorie, voiaj 2. traseu, parcurs, rut v.i'. a cltori, a voiaja ~ order - comand {adresat de detailist reprezentantului comercial cnd acesta viziteaz magazinul) journeyman s. 1. meseria, calf 2. zilier journeywork s. 1. lucru cu ziua 2. rutin, activitate cotidian judge s. judector, magistrat v.i. a judeca; a da o sentin ~ made law - jurispmden judg(e)ment s. 1. judecare, judecat 2. sentin, hotrre judectoreasc - absolute - hotrre defmitiv ~ by default - judecare n contumacie ~ creditor - creditor prin hotrre judectoreasc ~ debt - datorie insolvabil (confir-mat prin hotrre judectoreasc) ~ debtor debitor (declarat de instan) ~ for the plaintiff - sentin n favoarea reclamantului to pass ~ - a da sentina to reserve ~ - a amna pronunarea sentinei junior adj. 1. junior 2. secundar; subaltem, subordonat s. 1. junior; persoan mai tnr 2. subaltem, subordonat ~ capital - capital n aciuni comune ~ creditor - creditor general (fir drepturi prefereniale) ~ issue - emisiune de titluri de valoare secundare

~ partner - asociat secundar ~ securities - titluri de valoare secundare (cu drepturi mai mici asupra activelor i a veniturilor dect alte titluri de valoare considerate prioritare) junk s. vechituri; gunoi; deeuri adj. ieftin; far valoare, de proast calitate ~ bond - obligaiune cu risc mare {cu dobmi nalte oferite n compensaie pentru bonitatea adesea sczut a emitentului) ~ mail - pot murdar, gunoi (material publicitar care ajunge, nesolicitat, n cutia potala) ~ shop - magazin de vechituri juridic(al) adj. juridic; legal ~ address - adres legal jurisconsult s. jurisconsult jurisdiction s. jurisdicie jurisdictional adj. jurisdicional, de
jurisdicie ~ strike - (SUA) grev de delimitare

(grev cauzat de confictul aprut ntre sindicate cu privire la ce categorie de muncitori ar trebui s execute anumite tipuri de lucrr) juristic(al) adj. juridic ~ act - act juridic ~ person - persoan juridic just adv. tocmai, anume - -in-time - metoda n timpi reali (tehnic de control menit s diminueze volumul stocurilor pe care o societate cu profil de producie trebuie s le pstreze)

K
Kaffrs 5. pl. actiuni ale societilor din Africa de Sud (mai ales din sectorul extraciei de aur) Kangaroos s. pl. aciuni ale societilor din Australia {din sectorul minier, al prelucrrii tutunului, al exploatrii
agricole etc.)

keel s. (mar.) 1. chil 2. lep de crbuni 3. unitate de msur pentru crbuni (27, 54 tone) ~ draft / draught - pescaj maxim / de construcie keelage s. tax portuar keen adj. 1. intens, acerb 2. competitiv, sczut (despre preurl) ~ competition - concuren acerb keep s, ntreinere, subzisten; cheltuieli de ntreinere v.t. 1. a ine, a avea (un magazin) 2. a ine (mrfuri n stoc pentru vnzare) 3. a ine (contabilitatea, evidend) 4. (back) a reine (o sum dn) v.i. (up) a se menine ridicat {despre preur) keeper s. 1. paznic; custode 2. proprietar (al unui magazin) ~ of the records - arhivar; grefier keg s. butoia (5-70 galoane) kerb s. bordur, margine (a trotuarului) ~ exchange Bursa American de Valori

~ market - burs neoficial ~ prices - curs la bursa neoficial ~ (-stone) broker - broker neoficial ~ trade - comert stradal key s. cheie adj. important, esenial, de baz ~ currency - moned-cheie ~ industry - industrie-cheie / de baz ~ money - acont (pltit la semnarea
contractului de nchiriere)

kilogram(m)e s. kilogram kilderkin s. butoia (16-18 galoane) kind s. fel, categorie, calitate to pay in~ - a plti n natur kite s. cambie de complezen v.i. a folosi o cambie de complezen ~ flyng - folosire a unei cambii de complezen knitter s. 1. muncitor tricoter 2. main de tricotat knitting s. 1. tricotare 2. mpletitur, lucru de mn knitwear s. tricotaje knock s. lovitur; oc v.t. 1. a bate, a lovi 2. (down) a adjudeca (la Ucitaie); a reduce, a micora (preul) 3. (off) a nceta (lucrul); a scdea (preul) ~ for - knock agreement - acord prin care societile de asignrare acord despgubiri n caz de accidente autofard a delimita rspunderile

L
label s. 1. etichet 2. marca fabricii v.?. a eticheta labeller s. main de etichetat labo(u)r s. 1. munc (grea); munc fizic 2. mn de lucru, muncitori 3. clasa muncitoare v.i. a munci, a lucra ~ code - codul muncii ~ contract - contract de munc ~ dispute - conflict de munc ~ exchange - oficiul fortelor de munc ~ force - fort de munc ~ grading - ncadrare ntr-o categorie de salarizare ~ hoarding - angajare de fort de munc excedentar (pentru a evita
lipsa acesteia n viitor)

~ -intensive - consumator de fort de munc (despre ramurile i activitile industriale care necesit un volum mare defor de munc) ~ legislation - legislaia muncii ~ market - piaa fortei de munc ~ mobility - mobilitate a fortei de munc ~ of love - munc gratuit ~ protection - protectia muncii ~ relations - relaii de munc (intre
patronat i salariai sau sindicate)

~ safety rules - norme de securitatea muncii ~ - saving - care reduce forta de munc sau mrete productivitatea muncii ~ turnover - fluctuaie a forei de munc ~ union - sindicat muncitoresc

~ wastage pierdere de for de munc (din cauza angajailor care demisio-neaz din motive personale) labo(u)rer s. muncitor necalificat; muncitor laches s. (dr.) nerespectare a terme-nului legal; ntrziere nejustificat lade v.t. a ncrca (mrfuri) laden adj. ncrcat ~ draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj la plin ncrcare ~ in bulk - ncrcat m vrac (despre o nava) lading s. 1. ncrcare 2. ncrctur; caric lag v.i. (behind) a nregistra restane; a se dezvolta ncet lagan ^. (dr.) ncrctur/marfa aruncat m mare {balizat n vederea recuperri) laker s. nav de lacuri; nav (care navigheazpe Marile Lacuri) lame adj. chiop, infirm ~ duck - speculant care a pierdut (la burs) o sum mare de bani; societate falimentar (subvenionat de stat), barza chioar" land s. pmnt, teren; proprietate funciar v.t. a debarca; a descrca (mrfur} ~ act legea fondului funciar agent - agent imobiliar; administrator (al unei proprieti
agricole}

~ bank - banc agricol/de credit funciar

LAN-LAW

175

~ betterment/improvement - mbuntiri funciare ~ carriage - transport pe uscat ~ offce (SUA) - cadastru, carte funciar ~ reform - reform agrar ~ registry cadastru, carte fiinciar ~ rent - rent funciar ~ survey - ridicare topografic ~ tax - impozit funciar ~ use - agrotehnic ~ waiter - (mar.) controlor vamal landed adj. funciar ~ property - proprietate funciar landing s. descrcare (de mrfur) ~ book - registru al mrfurilor descrcate ~ certificate - certificat de descrcare ~ dues - taxe de descrcare ~ offcer controlor vamal ~ order - permis vamal de descrcare ~ stage - dan plutitoare; ramp de descrcare ~ weight - greutate (a mrfurilor) la descrcare landlord s. 1. proprietar de pmnt (care d teren n arenda) 2. proprietar al unui imobil (pe care l nchiriaz); patron de hotel, hotelier; hangiu landlordism s. sistem al marii proprieti funciare lapse s. 1. decdere din dreptun 2. pierdere a valabilitii v.i. 1. (dr.) a decdea din drepturi 2. a-i pierde valabilitatea; a expira, a se termina {despre o poli de asigurare) larceny s. (dr.) furt last adj. ultim s. last (unitate de msur pentru capacitate) ~ - in, frst-out - (cont.) ultimul intrat, primul ieit (metod de control al

stocurilor care presnpune c ultimele mrfuri cumprate vor f utilizate primele n procesul de producie) ~ sale - (bur.) ultima vnzare lastage (mar.) 1. ncrctur, balast 2. capacitate de ncrcare latent adj. latent; ascuns ~ defect - defect/viciu ascuns ~ partner - comanditar lateral adj. lateral, orizontal ~ integration - integrare orizontal laundering s. splare (a banilor) law s. 1. lege; legislaie 2. drept; jurispmden ~ adviser - consilierjuridic ~ case - proces civil ~ court - instan de judecat; tribunal ~ department - contencios ~ merchant drept comercial ~ of nations - drept intemaional ~ of property - legislaia privind proprietatea ~ of the sea - drept maritim to carry out/to put into force a ~ - a aplica o lege to evade the - - a eluda legea to hold good in - - a fi ntemeiat din punct de vederejuridic to give effect to a ~ - a pune o lege n vigoare to keep/to observe the ~ - a respecta legea to possess force of -a avea putere de lege lawful adj. legal, licit ~ merchandise mrfuri licite ~ money - moned legal ~ trade - comert licit lawfulness s. legalitate lawless adj. nelegal, ilicit lawsuit s. aciune judiciar, proces

176

LAW-LEG

lawyer s. 1. avocat 2. jurist lay v.t. 1. a impune, a fixa (preuri, impozite etc.) 1. (aside, by) a strnge, a acumula 3. a rezerva, a pune deoparte (mrfur) pn la achitarea sau solicitarea lor 4. (down) a formula, a stabili (reguli, principu) 5. (in, up) a strnge, a aduna (provizii); a depozita, a nmagazina (mrfuri} 6. (off) a concedia (temporar) 7. (out) a cheltui (bani); a expune (mrfur} 8. (over) a amna ~ days - (mar.) stalii layout s. plan, proiect; machet lead s. conducere; comand, directiv v.t. a conduce, a dirija ~ time - timp total (in gestiunea stocurilor, timpul scurs de la efectuarea unei comenzi i pn la ndeplinirea ei sau timpul necesar pentrn a determina un consumator s cumpere) leader s. 1. conductor, ef; lider 2. editorial, articol de fond (n ziar) 3. (com.) lider {articol vndut ieftin pentru a atrage clienteld) 4. (biir.) actiune atractiv (frecvent tranzacinata)

leading adj. principal, de prim importan s. conducere, dirijare ~ and lagging - anticipare i temporizare (indicatorii activitii economice naionale sunt fie previzionai, fie confrmai, dup producerea transformrilor) ~ article - editorial, articol de fond (in ziar) ~ hand - ef de echip; marinar brevetat ~ underwriter - asigurtor principal ~ vessel - nav-cap de convoi

leaflet s. prospect, brour; foaie volant leakage s. l.scurgere 2. (com.) reducere de pre acordat pentru pierderile prin scurgere ~ loss - pierdere prin scurgere lease s. 1. nchiriere; arendare; chirie; arend 2. contract de nchiriere sau arendare v.t. a nchira, a arenda to let out on ~ - a da cu chirie; a da n arend to take on ~ - a lua cu chirie; a lua n arend leas.eback s. leaseback (practica prin intermediul creia o firm vinde unei societi financiare sau imobiliare o proprietate care i aparfine i apoi o nchiriaz imediat de la aceastd) leasehold s. proprietate luat cu chirie sau n arend adj. nchiriat; arendat ~ mortgage - ipotecare a proprietii nchiriate; (SUA) ipotec prin nchiriere ~ property - proprietate nchiriat leaseholder s. chiria; arenda leasing s. leasing (sistem definanare a investiiilor prin care o fnn nchiriaz maini i utilaje moderne de la societi specializate) ledger s. (cont.) cartea mare, registru de partizi, maestru ~ account - cont din cartea mare legacy ^. motenire ~ duty - tax succesoral legal adj. 1. legal 2. juridic ~ access - (dr.) acces legal (dreptul unor persoane de a intra pe o proprietate, de a avea acces la unele documente) ~ action - aciune n justiie ~ address - adres juridic ~ adviser - consilierjuridic

LEG-LET

177

- assets - (dr.) activ succesoral - capacity - capacitate legal ~ charge ipotec -- charges - onorariu al avocatului ~ constraint - restricie legal ~ day - zi legal (zi complet care dureaz pna la miezul nopii, moment pn cnd un debitor are termen legal pentru a-i achita datoria scadenta) ~ delivery - punere n posesie din punct de vedere legal/juridic ~ department - contencios ~ entity - persoanjuridic ~ estate - proprietate legal ~ expert -jurisconsult ~ holiday - srbtoare legal ~ investments - (SUA) investiii legale (titluri de valoare sub administrare fiduciar) ~ monopoly - monopol legal ~ mortgage - ipotec legal ~ notice - notificare ~ person - persoanjuridic ~ quay - chei vamal ~ remedy - compensaie, reparaie, despgubire ~ reserve - rezerv legal (yaloarea minim a lichiditii pe care o banca
este obligatprin lege s o deina)

~ settlement - (dr.) concordat ~ status - personalitatejuridic ~ tender - mijloace legale de plat ~ title - titlu legal de proprietate legalize v.t. a legaliza; a autentifica legate v.t. (dr.) a lega, a testa legatee s. (dr.) legatar legator s. (dr.) testator legislation s. legislaie leisure s. timp liber, rpaz adj. liber, neocupat ~ industry - industria timpului liber

lend v.t., v.i. a mprumuta, a da cu mprumut lendable adj. care poate fi mprumutat lender s. creditor ~ of the last resort - creditor n ultim instan (rol jucat de banca central a unei ri) less adj., adv. mai puin ~ developed countries/nations - ri subdezvoltate ~ - than-carload/truckload consign-ment - expediere subvagonal lessee s. chiria; arenda lessor s. persoan care d cu chirie sau n arend let s. nchiriere, dare cu chirie v.. (i ~ off, out) a hchiria, a da cu chirie letter s. scrisoare ~ ofadvice - scrisoare de avizare, aviz ~ of allotment - aviz de atribuire a aciunilor ~ of application - scrisoare/formular de cerere de subscriere la aciuni ~ of appointment - scrisoare de numire (intrun pos) ~ of attorney - procur ~ of comfort scrisoare de sprijin/ recomandare (pentfu obinerea unui mprumut) ~ of concern - scrisoare de preocupare (trimis de banc unui client cu dificulti fnanciare) ~ of credit - acreditiv, scrisoare de credit ~ of deposit - scrisoare/conventie de depunere (ca garanie) ~ of hypothecation - scrisoare de gaj ~ of indenmity scrisoare de garanie ~ of inquiry scrisoare de cerere de ofert; scrisoare de cerere de informaii ~ of intent - scrisoare de intenie

178

LET-LIE

~ of introduction/recommendation scrisoare de recomandare ~ of lien - scrisoare de acordare a dreptului de retenie ~ of procuration - procur; mandat ~ of regret - scrisoare de scuze (pentru
respingerea cererii de subscriere la aciuni)

liability s. 1. rspundere 2. obligaie, angajament 3. pl. (cont.) pasive ~ insurance - asigurare de rspundere civil ~ limit - despgubire maxim (pltit
de asigurtor)

~ of reminder - scrisoare de revenire ~ of renunciation - scrisoare de

renunare (la atribuirea de aciuni)

~ s of administration - procur de
administrare (a averii unei persoane

decedate)
~ s of credence - scrisori de acreditare

~ s patent - brevet de invenie letterhead s. antet; scrisoare sau hrtie cu antet letting s. proprietate nchiriat level s. nivel v.t. a egaliza, a uniformiza ~ of living - (SUA) standard de via ~ of prices - nivel al preurilor ~ payment amortization - amortizare n sume fixe ~ tendering - ofert secret/ilicit, coluziune {nelegere secret a mai
multor frrne care sunt oficial n

concuren) leverage s. (fn.) (SUA) efect de prghie (rata de ndatorare n raport

cu fondurile proprii ale unei companii)

leviable adj. impozabil ~ person - persoan impozabil ~ tax - impozit care poate fi perceput levy s. 1. percepere de impozite; sum impus 2. sechestru judiciar 3. cotizaie, contribuie v.t. a strnge, a
percepe (impozite) v.i. 1. a percepe impozite 2. a lua n posesie o proprietate (fn baza unei hotrri judectoret}

management managementul pasivelor (politica bncilor de atragere a fondurilor prin ratele dobnzilor practicate) ~ reserve - fond de rezerv pentru datorii to incur a ~ - a contracta o obligaie to meet one's liabilities - a-i ndeplini obligaiile liable adj. 1. (for) rspunztor pentru/de 2. (to) obligat s; pasibil de liberalism s. liberalism liberalization s. liberalizare (a schimburilor comerciale internaionale prin nlturarea barierelor de natur economic sau politic ori a acordrii creditelor prin eliminarea controlului exercitat de stat asupra dobnzilor, cursurilor de schimb etc.) licence s. licen; autorizaie license v.t. a autoriza, a elibera o licen/autorizaie licensee s. deintor/titular al unei autorizaii/licene licenser s. persoan/autoritate care acord autorizaii/licene licensor v. licenser lien s. (dr.) drept de retentie ~ clause - clauza dreptului de retenie ~ holder - beneficiar al unui drept de retenie ~ on cargo - drept de retentie asupra mrfii - on shares - drept de retenie asupra aciunilor

UE-LIM

179

Benee s. debitor (supus unui drept de retenie) lienor s. creditor (beneficiar al unui drept de retenie) life s. 1. via 2. durat de functionare/ serviciu {a unui utilaj etc.) adj. pe via; viager ~ annuity - (asig.) anuitate viager ~ assurance/insurance - asigurare de via ~ assurance/insurance company societate de asigurri de via ~ cycle - ciclu de via (al produsulu) ~ - cycle costing - evaluare a costurilor exploatrii pe durata de via (a unui utilaj) ~ estate - proprietate n folosin pe via ~ expectancy - (asig.) speran de via ~ income - rent viager ~ interest - (dr.) uzufmct viager ~ office - societate de asigurri de via ~ pension - pensie viager ~ style - stil de via {corespunztor unui anumit segment depia) ~ tables - statistica speranei de via ~ tenant - (dr.) chiria sau arenda pe via ligan v. lagan light adj. uor ~ cargo - caric uor ~ cargo ship / vessel - cargou de mrfuri uoare ~ crude (oil) - iei uor / parafinos ~ displacement - deplasament al navei goale ~ draft / draught - pescaj de nav fr ncrctur ~ dues - taxe de far / balizaj ~ goods - mrfuri uoare

~ grain - cereale uoare {ovz, orz, semine de bumbac) ~ industry - industria uoar ~ lorry / truck - camionet ~ naphtha - benzin uoar ~ oils - produse petroliere albe ~ passage - cltorie n balast (a
petrolierelor i a mineralierelor)

~ - ship condition - far marf (stare

deplutire a naveifr marf i balast)

~ - ship displacement - deplasament al navei goale / fr marf ~ ship weight - greutate a navei goale lighter s. lep de alimbare; mahon; aland v.t. a transporta pe lepuri / mahoane ~ berth - dan pentru lepuri lighterage s. (mar.) 1. alimbare, mahonare 2. cheltuieli de alimbare / mahonare ~ policy - poli de asigurare a alimbrii ~ wharf - chei pentru mijloace de alimbare / mahonare lightning s. fulger adj. fulgertor, rapid ~ strike - grev - fulger / declanat spontan lightweight adj. uor ~ tonnage - (mar.) greutate a navei goale limit s. 1. limit 2. pre-limit v.t. a limita; a restrnge ~ of credit - limit de credit to keep within the ~s - a se menine ntre anumite limite limitation s. 1. limitare 2. restricie, rezerv, calificare 3. (rfr.) prescripie
(extinctiv')

~ of actions - prescripie extinctiv ~ of liability - limitare a rspunderii

180

LIM-LIQ

limited adj. 1. limitat 2. cu rspundere limitat ~ and reduced - cu rspundere limitat i capital redus ~ branching (SUA) ramificare limitat
(legi care Umiteaz nfiinarea sucursalelor bancare)

~ by guarantee - limitat la suma garantat de acionari (despre

rspunderea acionarilor}

~ by shares - limitat la capitolul subscris (despre rspunderea acionarilor)

~ cheque - cec cu limit de sum ~ legal tender - mijloace legale limitate de plat ~ letter of credit - acreditiv limitat ~ liability - rspundere limitat ~ (liability) company - societate cu rspundere limitat ~ market - pia restrns ~ monarchy - monarhie constitutional ~ order - (bur.) ordin limitat (de a cumpra sau de a vinde titluri de
valoare n limitele unei anumite fluctuaii a cursurilor) ~ partner - comanditar

~ partnership - societate m comandit ~ policy - poli de asigurare limitat (care asigur numai anumite riscur) ~ price - (bur.) curs limitat line s. 1. linie (de comunicaie) 2. domeniu, bran, ramur 3. linie, gam (de articole, mrfur} 4. (bur.) pachet (mare) de aciuni (cumprat sau vndut de un singur investitor) and staff management management de conducere i personal (grupul de manageri care organizeaz producia i serviciile ntr-o companie)

~ extension - extindere a liniei de produse ~ filling - diversificare a liniei de produse ~ of business - bran / ramur de afaceri ~ of command - (man.) linie de comand ~ of credit - linie de credit ~ production - producie n flux linear adj. liniar ~ reduction of tarifs - reducere liniar/orizontal a taxelor vamale (reducerea cu acelai procent a tuturor taxelor vamale ale rilor participante la o rund de negocieri comerciale) liner s. nav sau avion de linie / curse regulate ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament de linie ~ company - companie de nave de linie ~ conference - cartel al armatorilor de nave de linie ~ rates - (mar.) navluri de linie ~ shipping - navigaie regulat / de linie ~ terms condiii de linie ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor de linie linertime s. (mar.) linertime (denumire de cod a contractului de navlosire pe timp) link s. verig (subdiviziune a lanului de msurri topografce) liquid adj. lichid ~ assets - active lichide / disponibile, disponibiliti ~ capital - capital lichid / circulant, fond de rulment ~ market - pia lichid

UQ-LOA

181

liquidate v.t. 1. a lichida, a achita (o datorie) 2. a lichida, a desfiina (o ntreprindere) v.i. 1. a-i plti datoriile 2. a intra n lichidare (despre o ntreprindere) 3. a-i desface mrfurile (fr a reface stocul) liquidated adj. lichidat, achitat; desfiinat ~ damages - daune contractuale ~ demurrage - (mar.) contrastalii contractuale liquidation s. 1. lichidare, achitare (a unei datorii) 2. desfiinare (a unei
ntreprinder)

~ price - pre de catalog listed adj. cotat, listat (la burs) ~ company - societate cotat ~ shares - aciuni cotate listless adj. (bur.) inactiv litigant adj. litigios, n litigiu s. parte litigiant ~ parties - prti n litigiu litigate v.i. a fi n litigiu, a se judeca litigation s. litigiu, diferend litigious adj. litigios
live adj. viu

~ broadcast - emisiune n direct ~ cattle - animale / vite vii (categorie

de marfa) ~ weight - greutate vie (a animalului nainte de tiere)

to be in - - a fi n lichidare to go into ~ - a intra n lichidare liquidator s. (dr.) lichidator liquidity s. (fm.) lichiditate ~ preference - preferin pentru lichiditi (dorina de a deine bani
lichizi)

livelihood s. mijloace de trai; subzisten, ntreinere

lively adj. (bur.) activ

~ ratio - coeficient de lichiditate

(raportul dintre activele Uchide i datoriile curente ale uneifirme)

~ risk - risc de lichiditate (incapacitatea intermediarilor financiari de a onora obligaiile financiare pe termen scurt)

~ market - pia activ / animat livestock s. eptel, inventar viu ~ dealer - negustor de vite ~ farm - ferm zootehnic living adj. viu s. 1. via, existen 2. mijloace de trai ~ debt - datorie (public) productiv (imprumut investit de stat n active
productive}

~ trap - capcana lichiditilor (situaie aprut atunci cnd dobnzile pentru obligaiuni sunt att de sczute, nct posibilii ihvestitori opteaz pentru deinerea de numerar) list s. list; tabel; inventar; borderou; registru, catalog v.t. a nscrie pe list, a nregistra; (bur.) a cota, a lista ~ of goods - list / nomenclator de mrfuri ~ of quotations - buletin bursier ~ of shortage - specificaie de lipsuri la predare (despre marfa)

~ essentials - articole de prim necesitate ~ standard - standard de via, nivel de trai ~ wage - salariu de subzisten to earn one's ~ - a-i ctiga existena load s. 1. sarcin; ncrctur; (mar.) caric 2. load (unitate de msura pentru capacitate) v.t. a ncrca v.i. a ncrca, a lua ncrctur ~ capacity - capacitate de ncrcare ~ coeffcient - coeficient de ncrcare

182

LOA

~ displacement - (mar.) deplasament de plin ncrcare ~ draft / draught - (mar.) pescaj de plin ncrcare ~ line / mark - (mar.) linie / marc de ncrcare ~ pack - bal, balot de iparf ~ per unit ncrcaf'e per unitate de spatiu ~ waterline - (mar.) linie de plutire de plin ncrcare ~ watermark - (mar.) marc de ncrcare / bord liber loaded adj. ncrcat ~ arrival - sosire cu ncrctur i cu plinurile consumate (despre nava) ~ condition - stare de ncrcare (a navei) ~ departure - plecare cu ncrctur i cu plinurile facute (despre nava) ~ passage / voyage - cltorie cu caric la bord (asig.) prim premium suplimentar ~ price - pre ncrcat / exagerat loader s. ncrctor, hamal; docher, muncitor portuar loading s. 1. ncrcare 2. ncrctur; (mar.) caric 3. (asig.) prim suplimentar ~ berth - dan de ncrcare ~ broker - agent de ncrcare ~ capacity - capacitate de ncrcare ~ charges / expenses - cheltuieli de ncrcare contractor - antreprenor de ncrcare ~ days - (mar.) stalii fixe, zile contractuale de ncrcare ~ facilities - mijloace / instalaii de ncrcare

~ gauge - gabarit de ncrcare ~ gear - instalaie de ncrcare ~ hand - ncrcare manual; echip de ncrcare manual ~ hatch - gur de magazie, bocaport ~ in bulk - ncrcare n vrac ~ in turn - ncrcare la rnd ~ order - ordin/dispoziie de ncrcare ~ rate - norm de ncrcare ~ time - perioad de ncrcare ~ turn - rnd la ncrcare loan s. dare cu mpmmut; mprumut, credit v.t. a mprumuta, a da cu mprumut ~ account - cont de credit ~ administrator / officer - inspector de credit ~ against security / on collateral mprumut pe baz de garanie ~ amortization schedule - program de amortizare a mprumutului ~ capital - capital n obligaiuni ~ club / society - societate de credit (cufonduri constituite din vrsmintele membrilor) ~ loss provision - provizion pentru pierderi de credite ~ market - pia financiar (a mprumuturilor pe termen mediu i lung); pia monetar (a mprumuturilor pe termenfoare scurt) ~ note / stock - titlu de crean ~ office - cas de mpmmut; cas de amanet ~ schedule - program de ealonare a creditului ~ shark - cmtar ~ submission - documentaie de credit - syndicate - sindicat de credit ~ value - valoare de rscumprare (a unei polie de asigurare)

LOA-LON

183

to float a ~ - a lansa un mprumut to grant a ~ - a acorda un mpmmut to issue a ~ - a emite un mprumut loanable adj. de mprumut, care poate fi mprumutat loaner s. creditor local adj. local; regional ~ agent - agent (comercial) local ~ authority / body / government administraie local ~ authority bond - obligaiune municipal ~ bank - banc regional, sucursal ~ board - consiliu de admimstraie regionil ~ budget - buget local / regional ~ director - membru al unui consiliu de administraie regional ~ financial co-operative - cooperativ de credit local ~ industry - industrie local ~ tax - impozite locale / municipale ~ time - ora local ~ trade - comert local / regional ~ union - comitet sindical (de ntreprindere) localization s. 1. localizare 2. descentralizare ~ of industry - localizare a industriei (proces opus globalizrii) location s. amplasare ~ theory - teoria amplasrii (factori i criterii care determin amplasarea capacitilor industriale ntr-o anumit
zon)

lockaway v. lockup lockout s. lockout, grev patronal (inchiderea fabricii de ctre patronat pe o anumit perioad pentru a nu satisface revendicrile salariailor) lockup s. 1. investiie pe termen lung 2. capital blocat / imobilizat lodge v.t. 1. a gzdui, a caza 2. a depune, a depozita, a ncredina spre pstrare (acte, valori) 3. a mputemici 4. a depune (o plngere); a oferi (informaii) 5. (despre vnt, ploaie) a culca, a dobor (holdele) v.i. a locui (cu chirie} lodger s. chiria, locatar lodging s. 1. gzduire, cazare 2. locuin, cas; pl. camere sau apartamente cu chirie / de nchiriat ~ house - cas cu apartamente sau camere de nchiriat logging v. lumbering logistics s. logistic long adj. 1. lung 2. (bur.) cumprat n sperana creterii cursului (despre pachete de aciuni, partizi de mrfur) s. 1. speculant la hausse 2. pl. titluri de valoare pe termen lung ~ -dated bill - cambie pe termen lung ~ day - zi de lucru cu ore suplimentare ~ dozen - (com.) duzin mare (cu 13
buci)

lock s. ecluz v.t. 1. (away, up), a bloca, a imobiliza (un capitat) 2. (out) a declara lockout lockage s. 1. ecluzare, trecere prin ecluz 2. taxe de ecluzare ~ tolls - taxe de ecluzare

~ hedging - hedging realizat prin cumprarea de contracte futures ~ hundred - (com.) 120 de buci ~ lease - concesionare pe termen lung ~ position - (bur.) acoperire excedentar (cumprarea unui numr mai mare
de titluri dect potfi vndute)

~ price - pre mare ~ rate - dobnd pentru cambiile pe termen lung

184

LON-LOW

~ -term investment - investiie pe termen lung ~ -term liabilities - datorii pe termen lung ~ ton - ton lung / englez to be ~ - (bur.) a specula la hausse longshoreman s. docher, muncitor portuar loose adj. 1. desfcut, neambalat (despre marfa) 2. mrunt (despre ban} ~ bulk cargo - caric / ncrctur n
vrac

~ leader - articol vndut n pierdere

(penru a atrage clientela)

~ cash / change / money - mmni, bani mmni ~ collected - risipiri colectate (marjd
scurs din ambalaje, dar nc vandabila)

~ maker - afacere / societate care produce pierderi ~ -of-profits policy - poli de asigurare indirect / contra pierderii profitului ~ ratio - rata pierderilor (raportul dintre primele ncasate i despgubirile pltite de o societate de asigurr) lost adj. pierdut ~ days - zile (de lucru) pierdute (din
cauza unui conflict de munca)

~ goods - mrfuri neambalate / desfacute ~ - leaf - cu foi libere / detaabile (despre calendare, registre etc.) ~ standard - norm nerigid loropron. loro ~ account - cont loro (cont deschis de o banc din strintate pentru
corespondentul sau dintr-o alt ar cu

~ or not lost - (asig. mar.) pierdut sau nepierdut ~ property - obiecte pierdute (intr-un loc public) ~ space - spaiu mort / pierdut {din
cauw stivuirii defectuoase)

scopul de nregistra sumele care se ncaseaz n folosul su) lorry s. 1. (auto)camion 2. vagon-platform; vagonet ~ tractor - tractor - remorcher ~ -trailer combination - tren rutier, ansamblu autocamion - remorc lose v.t., v.i. a pierde loser s. persoan care pierde, pguba loss s. pierdere; pagub; prejudiciu, daun ~ allowance - norm de pierderi admise ~ and gain / profit account - (cont.) cont de pierderi i profit

~ time - timp mort; ntrerupere a lucrului lot A'. 1. lot 2. parcel, lot (de teren) 3. cot, parte 4. {bur.) pachet (de aciuni); partid de (mrfur) 5. tax, impozit v.t. (i ~ out) a mprti n loturi; a parcela ~ money - comision per lot (yndut la licitaie) ~ of goods - partid de mrfuri ~ production - producie n serie ~ -quality cost - cost al calitii pe lot ~ -size inventory - inventar pe stocuri lottery s. loterie ~ bond - obligaiune cu ctiguri ~ sampling - eantionare prin tragere la sorti low adj. 1. sczut, redus (despre preuri, tarife) 2. inferior (despre caliate) 3. insuficient (despre stocuri, rezeve) adv. la pre sczut / redus, ieftin

LOW-LUX

185

~ -class / - grade - de calitate inferioar ~ -duty goods - mrfuri cu tarif vamal sczut ~ freight - (mar.) navlu sczut ~ - involvement product - produs cu implicare sczut (pe care cumprtorul se hotrte uor s-l achiziionei.e)

~ - measurement goods - mrfuri cu volum redus ~ offer - ofert la pre sczut ~ quality - calitate inferioar ~ season - sezon mort ~ stocks - stocuri insuficiente to buy ~ - a cumpra ieftin to run ~ - a se epuiza (despre rezerve,
stocur)

lower v.., v.i. a scdea, a (se) reduce (despre preuri, tarife etc.) lucrative adj. lucrativ, rentabil lull s. (bur.) acalmie lumber (SUA) s. cherestea; lemn de construcie v.;'. a tia lemne lumbering s. (SUA) 1. exploatare forestier 2. comert de cherestea lumberjack s. (SUA) muncitor forestier lumberman v. lumberjack

lumbermill s. (SUA) fabric de cherestea lumberyard s. {SUA) depozit de cherestea lump s. 1. mas, grmad 2. bulgre; minereu n bulgri 3. bloc de metal, lingou; pies brut 4. gabar, alup portuar adj. global; forfetar v.t. a aduna, a strnge; a cumula, a reuni ~ coal - crbune-bulgri ~ ore - minereu-bulgri ~ sum - sum global / forfetar ~ -sum charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire cu navlu global / forfetar ~ -sum freight - (mar.) navlu global / forfetar ~ -sum tax - impozit global/forfetar to sell by / in the ~ - a vinde angro lumper s. docher, muncitor portuar luncheon s. mas de prnz ~ voucher - bon / tichet de mas
(oferit salariailor de firma unde lucreaza)

luxury ^. 1. lux 2. articol de lux adj. luxos, delux ~ article - articol de lux ~ tax - tax somptuar ~ trade - comert cu articole de lux

M
machine s main; mecanism, dispozitiv v.t. a prelucra (mecanic), a uzina ~ components/elements/parts - piese/ organe de maini ~ - hour rate - cost orar de funcionare a mainii; cost orar de inere la dispoziie a mainii ~ idle time - timp de nefuncionare a mainii ~ industry - industria construciilor de maini ~ loading - alocare de sarcini specifice fiecrui utilaj (din cadrul fabricii) ~ man - mecanic; lctu mecanic ~ shop - atelier mecanic ~ tool - main - unealt ~ works - uzin constmctoare de maini machinery s. 1 pies/organ de main; mecanism 2. utilaj; instalaie de exploatare -certiHcate - (mar.) certificat de maini machinist s. mecanic; mainist macroeconomic adj. macroeconomic ~ analysis - analiz macroeconomic macroeconomics s. macroeconomie macromarketing s. macromarketing magnate s. magnat mail s. pot; coresponden adj. potal v.t. a expedia prin pot ~ - in-premium - prim / avantaj oferit() contra expedierii unui bon (care dovedete achiziionarea unor produse) ~ order - (com.) comand prin pot ~ - order catalogue - catalog de oferte pentm comenzi prin pot ~ order house - firm cu vnzare pe baz de comenzi prin pot ~ service - serviciu potal ~ transfer - transfer potal/letric mailable adj. care poate fi expediat prin pot mailshot s. material publicitar potal majority s. 1. majoritate 2. (dr.) majorat ~ interests - participaie majoritar (la o societate) make s. 1. marc (de fabric); tip, model; form, structur 2. produs 3. producie v.t. 1. a face 2. (out) a redacta (un contract); a elibera (un certificat); a emite (un cec) 3. (over) a transfera, a transmite 4. (up) a plti (o datorie); a acoperi (un deficif); a ncheia (un bilan
contabil)

~ - work - comenzi/lucrri inutile

(pentru a evita trecerea muncitorilor n omaj)

to ~ a market - a crea o pia to ~ an award - a da o sentin {de arbitraj) to ~ good a loss - a compensa o pierdere to ~ good use of - a valorifica to ~ payment - a plti to -protest of a bill - a protesta o cambie maker s. 1. fabricant, productor 2. emitent (al unui bilet la ordin)

MAK-MAN

187

~ 's name plate - plcua fabricii constructoare ~ 's price - pre de fabric/productor makeweight s. adaos/supliment la greutate maladministration s. proast administrare/conducere malfeasance s. infraciune man s. om v.t. a echipa, a arma (o nav) ~ - hour - or-om (unitate de msur a timpului de lucru) manage v.t. a conduce, a administra managed adj. administrat ~ currency/money - moned dirijat ~ exchange rate - curs de schimb dirijat ~ fund - fond mutual administrat (de
manageri profesionit)

management s. management, conducere, administraie ~ accounting - contabilitate managerial (date n baza crora se asigur conducerea, planificarea, sarcinile administrative)

~ accounts - (cont.) conturi manageriale ~ appraisal - evaluare a eficienei managerilor ~ buy-in - privatizarea unei societi
prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de aciuni de ctre o echip managerial din afara ei ~ buy-out - privatizarea unei societi prin preluarea pachetului majoritar de acuni de ctre conducerea existent

~ by exception - management prin eliminare (a datelor nesemnificative din bugete sau planuri n scopul unei coreci) ~ by objectives - management prin obiective (pentru o eficien sporit)

~ by principle - management bazat pe principiul rezultatelor (bune sau rele) ~ by walking about - management prin prezen -charges - cheltuieli de administraie i regie ~ company - societate de management (care administreaz mai multe fonduri mutuale) ~ consultant - consultant managerial ~ development - dezvoltare manage-rial ~ discretion - calitate/competen a conducerii de a lua decizii ~ engineering tehnologia manage-mentului, organizarea conducerii ntreprinderii ~ game -joc/simulare de management ~ information system - sistem informatic de gestiune ~ job description - descriere a sarcinilor de serviciu ale unui director sau specialist ~ ratio - rata managerilor (la 1000 de lucrtor); date (sub forma diverselor rate i raportur} la dispoziia condu-cerii ~ services - servicii inteme de consultan managerial ~ shares - aciuni manageriale ~ style - stil de conducere ~ threshold prag de trecere de la un post de specialitate la un post de conducere manager s. 1. manager, director 2. procurist, mandatar (imputernicit s conduc o afacere n interesul creditorilor) ~ s' shares - aciuni manageriale managerial adj. managerial ~ accounting - contabilitate manage-rial ~ economics economie managerial

188

MAN-MAR

~ finance - fnane manageriale ~ grid - gril managerial (sistem de evaluare a competenei manageriale) managership s. conducere; funcie de manager managing adj. de conducere ~ board - consiliu de administraie ~ director - administrator delegat ~ owaer - (mar.) armator - administrator ~ partner - asociat - administrator ~ staff- personal/cadre de conducere mandatary s. mandatar mandate s. mandat; procur, mputernicire ~ form - scrisoare cu semnturile autorizate mandatory adj. mandatat, mputemicit s. mandatar manhandle v.t. a manipula manual
(mrfuri)

manifest (mar.) s. manifest de mrfuri ncrcate, declaraie de expediie v.t. a nscrie (marfa) ntr-o declaraie de expeditie manifold s. manifold manning s. ncadrare cu personal ~ agreement - acord de angajare (de for de munc iiecesar pentru anumite lucrri, ncheiat ntre
conducere i sindicate)

manpower s. fort de munc, mn de lucru manual adj. manual ~ labour/work - munc manual mnufacture s. 1. fabricare, prelucrare 2. fabricat, produs 3. productie v.t. a fabrica, a produce manufacturer s. fabricant, productor; industria ~ 's agent - fi-anizat (beneficiar al unei licene defranizaj)

~ 's brand/mark - marca fabricii/ productorului ~ 's recommended price - pre recomandat de productor margin s. (bur., com cont.,fin.) marj ~ call/notice - (bur.) cerere de marj {garanie oferit de client brokerulu) ~ lending - credit marginal {mprumut oferit de o banc pe baza valorii aciunilor deinute de solicitant) ~ of safety - (fin.) marj de siguran (diferena dintre veniturile obinute din vnzrile curente i cee reulizate la pragul de rentabilitate) ~ requirement - (bur.) necesar de marj (suma minim solicitat n depozit tuturor deintorilor de contracte futures) ~ trading - (bur.) tranzacii marginale (cu plata jumtate n numerar, jumtatepe credit) marginal adj. marginal ~ analysis - analiz marginal ~ cost - cost marginal ~ cost producer - productor la costuri marginale ~ effciency of capital - randament marginal al capitalului ~ effciency of investment randament marginal al investiiei ~ land - sol marginal (a crui
producie este egal cu investiiile facute)

~ product - produs marginal ~ productivity of capital productivitate marginal a capitalului ~ productivity of labour productivitate marginal a muncii ~ propensity to consume - nclinaie marginal de a consuma ~ propensity to invest - nclinaie marginal de a investi

MAR

189

~ propensity to save - nclinaie marginal de a economisi ~ propensity to spend - nclinaie marginal de a cheltui - rate of substitution - rata marginal de substituire ~ revenue - venit marginal ~ revenue product - produs al ncasrilor marginale ~ seller - vnztor marginal (al crui cost de producie este egal cu venitul obinut din vnzri) ~ social product - produs social marginal ~ tax rate - rata impozitului marginal ~ unemployment - omaj marginal ~ utility - utilitate marginal mariculture s. maricultur marine adj. marin; maritim s. marin; flot maritim comercial ~ accident - accident maritim ~ adventure - risc maritim; expediie maritim ~ board - comisie de acordare a brevetelor, inspectorat maritim ~ engineer - ofier mecanic maritim; constructor de maini navale ~ engineering - proiectare i construcie de maini navale ~ fishery - pescuit maritim ~ insurance - asigurare maritim ~ insurance broker - agent de asigurri maritime ~ insurance clause - clauz de asigurri maritime ~ insurance company - societate de asigurri maritime ~ insurance policy - poli de asigurri maritime ~ insurance survey - expertiz de asigurri maritime ~ law - drept maritim ~ risk - risc maritim

~ superintendent - inspector al navelor de companie; inspector de navigaie ~ surveyor - inspector de registru/ clasificare ~ syndicate - sindicat de asigurtori maritimi - terminal - terminal maritim ~ transport - transport maritim ~ underwriter - asigurtor maritim maritime adj. maritim ~ adventure - risc maritim; expediie maritim ~ commerce/trade - comert maritim ~ country - ar maritim; putere maritim ~ court - tribunal maritim ~ exchange - camer de comert maritim ~ fleet - flot maritim ~ jurisdiction -jurisdicie maritim ~ law - drept maritim ~ lien - drept de retenie i privilegiu maritim ~ mortgage - ipotec maritim ~ navigation navigaie maritim ~ register - registru naval/maritim ~ risk - risc maritim ~ town - ora maritim ~ transport - transport maritim mark s. 1. semn; marc (defabric) 2. model, tip; calitate v.t. 1. a marca
(rnarfuri, produse) 2. a cota (aciuni) 3.

(down) a scdea preul 4. (up) a mri preul ~ of origin - marc de origine markdown ^. scdere a preului marked adj. marcat ~ cheque - cec marcat (de banc
mpotriva falsificrii)

~ notes - bancnote marcate (pentru organizarea unuiflagrant) ~ price - pre marcat/afiat

MAR

~ shares - aciuni marcate (al cror certifcat de aciuni poart dovada exercitrii drepturilor specifice) marker s. 1. semn, indicator 2. marcator; pontator market s. 1. pia; trg 2. debueu; cerere v.t. a vinde, a comercializa; a lansa pe pia v.i. a face piaa/ trguielile ~ analysis - analiz de pia ~ averages - preuri medii pe pia ~ capitalization - capitalizare bursier ~ condition - conjunctur a pieei ~ day - zi de trg ~ demand - cerere pe pia ~ economy - economie de pia ~ fluctuations - fluctuan ale pieei ~ garden - grdin de legume/
zarzavaturi

~ gardening - legumicultur ~ house - hal (n pia) ~ leader - lider pe pia ~ maker - (bur.) creator de pia, operator care face piaa ~ order - (bur.) ordin de a cumpra sau de a vinde la preul pieei ~ overt - pia publio ~ penetration - ptrundere pe pia ~ portfolio - portofoliu de pia (portofoliul tuturor oportunitilor disponibile de investiii) ~ potential - potenial al pieei ~ price - pre al pieei ~ rate (of discount) - tax de scont ~ report - buletin bursier sau financiar ~ research/survey - studiu de pia ~ risk - (fin.) risc de pia (parte a riscului unui titlu de valoare care nu poatefi eliminat prin diversificare) ~ risk premium - (fin.) prim de risc de pia ~ saturation - saturare a pieei

~ segmentation - segmentare a pieei ~ share - segment de pia ~ sharing - mprtire a pieei ~ structure - structur a pieei ~ - to-book ratio - raportul valoare de pia - valoare contabil (yaloarea de pia a aciunii mprit la valoarea contabilpe acfiune) ~ town - ora unde se in trguri ~ value - valoare de pia to capture the ~ a ctiga piaa to find a ~ - a gsi un debueu to find a ready ~ - a se vinde cu uurin to put on the ~ - a pune n vnzare marketability s. 1. vandabilitate 2. (fin.) grad de tranzacionare ~ premium - (fin.) prim de negociabilitate/lichiditate (prim adugat de investitori la rata dobnzii unui titlu de valoare pentru a compensa lipsa unei piee de tranzacionare a acestuid) marketable adj. 1. vandabil 2. (fn.) negociabil ~ output - producie-marf ~ value - valoare comercial marketeer s. partizan/susintor al unei piee marketer s. cumprtor sau vnztor pe o pia marketing s. marketing ~ audit - audit de marketing ~ budget - buget de marketing ~ concept - concepie de marketing ~ management - managementul marketingului ~ mix - mix de marketing (termen
general care cuprinde diversele elemente ale procesului de marketing)

~ plan - plan de marketing ~ policy - politic de marketing -

MAR-MEA

191

~ research - studiu de pia, cercetare/prospectare a pieei markup s. adaos comercial, sum/ procentaj cu care preul de vnzare depete preul de cost mart s. 1. pia; trg 2. centru comercial mass s. mas, mulime ~ market - pia global ~ inedia - mass media ~ production - producie n serie ~ transit - transport public to ~ - produce - a produce n serie master s. 1. stpn, proprietar; patron 2. director, administrator 3. maistru, meter 4. comandant de nav comercial, cpitan de curs lung ~ builder - antreprenor de construcii - copy - document original ~ mariner - comandant de nav comercial ~ of the hold - ofier responsabil cu ncrctura ~ porter - controlor de mrfuri - sample - mostr statistic ~ 's certificate/licence - brevet de cpitan de curs lung ~ 's entry - descrcare n contul altuia ~ 's mate - ofier secund ~ trust - fond mutual principal {care investete n altefondur) matched adj. echilibrat, compensat ~ order - ordin simultan (de cumprare de aciuni peste preul pieei i de vnzare imediat la acelai pre pentru a simula activitatea pe piaa bursier) matching s. 1. echilibrare, compensare 2. aliniere (procesul prin care o banc i coreleaz activul/creditele cu pasivul/depozitele ~ duty - tax vamal de compensaie

mate s. 1. ofer secund (in marina comercial) 1. ofier de punte (la

navele comerciale)

~ 's foul receipt - ordin de imbarco cu meniuni ~ 's receipt - ordin de imbarco, recipisa secundului material adj. material s. 1. material; materie 2. marfa; articol ~ damage - pagub material ~ man - magaziner ~ 's buyer - achizitor de materiale ~ 's control - gestiune a stocurilor ~ 's handling - manipulare a materialelor mathematical adj. matematic ~ economics - econometrie matrix^. matrice ~ management - matrice de conducere (metod de conducere a firmelor multinaionale care implic acordarea responsabilitilor pentru sectoare din activitatea companiei att organizaiei naionale, ct i diviziilor deproducie) ~ structure - structur matriceal mature adj. scadent v.i. a deveni scadent, a ajunge la scaden/maturitate maturity s. scaden, maturitate ~ yield - randament pn la maturitate (rata dobnzii obinute la o obligaiune dac aceasta este pstrat pn la
maturitate}

maximize v.t. a maximiza maximum s. maxim(um) adj. maxim(al) ~ price - pre maximal (stabilit de guvem) ~ tariff - tarif maximal ~ value - valoare maxim mean adj. mediu, mijlociu; mediocru s. 1. medie, valoare medie 2. (i pl.) mijloc, cale, metod 3. pl. mijloace, resurse, venituri, bani

MEA-MEE

~ draft/drught - (mar.) pescaj mediu ~ price - pre mediu ~ tare - tar comun ~ s of payment - mijloace de plat ~ s test control al veniturilor/averii (pentru a vedea dac se pot acorda unele faciliti fscale) measure s. 1. msur; unitate de msur 2. msur; metod v.t., v.i. a msura - analysis - analiz volumetric ~ goods mrfuri voluminoase/de cubaj ~ of damages/indemnity - cuantum al despgubirilor ~ s of retaliation - represalii measured adj. msurat, stabilit ~ day work - norm fixat zilnic (cu plata zilnic condiionat de ndepli-nire); sistem de salarizare pe baz de norme zilnice measurement s. msurare ~ capacity capacitate volumetric ~ cargo caric/ncrctur de volum/cubaj ~ certificate - (mar.) certificat de tonaj ~ goods - mrfuri de volum/cubaj ~ mark marc de dimensiuni (pentru mrfuri) ~ ot areas - planimetrie ~ rate - (mar.) navlu per volum ~ ton - (mar.) ton de navlu/volum ~ tonnage - (mar.) tonajregistru measurer s. 1. msurtor 2. dispozitiv de msurat meat s. came (ca aliment) ~ carrier/ship/vessel - nav frigorific (pentru transportul crni) ~ grower cresctor de vite (pentru tiere) ~ market hal de came

media s.pl. medii publicitare, mijloace de reclam ~ broker - media broker (agenie care cumpr cahipuri de spaiu n mediile publicitare pentru a vinde ulterior acest spaiu diverilor clieni) ~ buying cumprare de spain/timp n mediile publicitare mediate adj. intennediar v.t. a mijloci, a media v.i. a fi mediator/intermediar ~ possession - (dr.) posesie interme-diar mediator s. mijlocitor, mediator, intermediar medical adj. medical ~ certificate certificat medical ~ expenses policy poli de asigurare pentru cheltuielile medicale ~ insurance - asigurri de sntate medium s. 1. medie; cifr medie 2. mijloc, intermediu; metod, procedeu 3. pl. titluri de valoare pe termen mediu adj. mediu, mijlociu ~ - dated securities - titluri de valoare pe termen mediu ~ of exchange - (fin.) mijloc/ instrument de schimb ~ quality - calitate medie ~ - sized - de mrime medie meet v.t. 1. a ntlni, a se ntlni cu 2. a cunoate, a face cunotin cu 3. a corespunde, a fi n concordan cu 4. a onora (p cambie, un cec etc.); a ndeplini (o obligaie, un angajament)', a acoperi (un de.ficit) 5. a contesta (o reclamaie, o cerere) v.i. 1. a se ntlni 2. a se ntruni (despre o comisie) to ~ smb. half-way - a face concesii cuiva to ~ with approval - a primi aprobare to ~ with losses - a suferi pierderi

MEE-MER

193

meeting s. ntlnire, ntrevedere; adunare, edin ~ ofcreditors - adunarea creditorilor of shareholders adunarea acionarilor member s. 1. membru 2. participant, asociat; acionar ~ bank - banc membr a Casei de Compensaie (din Londra), banc de cliring; (SUA) banc membr a Sistemului Federal de Rezerv ~ card - camet de membru ~ country - ar-membr ~ fee cotizaie de membru ~ of a company acionar al unei companii ~ of the board - membru al consiliului de administraie -s' voluntary liqudation - lichidare voluntar a acionarilor membership s. 1. calitate de membru 2. numr de membri ~ rights - drepturi sociale (drepturi conferite de statutul de acionar) memorandum s. 1. memorandum, raport, not; convenie, minut 2. not diplomatic 3. sumar al articolelor (unui contract) ~ book - agend, camet ~ buying - achiziie condiionat ~ clause - (.asig.) clauz de memorandum (de limitare a rspunderu asigurtorului) ~ of agreement - memorandum al acordului (swnar al articolelor) ~ of association contract de societate ~ of satisfaction memorandum/not de achitare/ndeplinire a obligaiilor (de ctre o societate) mercantile adj. mercantil, comercial ~ agency - agenie comercial ~ agent agent comercial, comisionar ~ bank banc comercial

- exchange - burs de mrfuri ~ house cas de comert - law - drept comercial - marine - marin comercial - paper - efect de comer - port - port comercial mercantilism s. mercantilism mercer s. negustor de mercerie mercery s. mercerie merchandise s. marfa; mrfuri v.t. a vinde, a comercializa v.i. a face comert ~ broker - agent comercial, intermediar ~ mark - marca fabricii; marc de comert ~ traffc - trafc de mrfuri merchandiser s. merchandiser merchandising s. merchandising, (pre)comercializare, planificare a comercializrii unui produs (promovarea vnzrlor prin publicitate la punctele
de desfacere cu amnuntul)

merchant s. 1. comerciant angrosist

(mai ales cu strintatea) 2.

comerciant; detailist adj. comercial ~ bank - banc comercial ~ fleet - flot comercial ~ law - drept comercial - marine/navy - marin comercial ~ prince - mare comerciant ~ quantities - cantiti mari ~ shipper - armator-cumprtor ~ shipping - marin comercial; transport de mrfuri pe mare ~ shipping law - drept maritim comercial ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor comerciale merchantable adj. vandabil ~ quality - calitate vandabil/ comercial merchantman s. nav comercial merge v.i. a fuziona

MER-MIN

merger s. fuziune ~ accounting - contabilitatea fuziunii ~ broker - intennediar al fuziunii ~ company - societate constituit prin fuziune merging v. merger messuage s. (dr.) cas cu dependine metal s. metal ~ exchange - burs de metale metallic adj. metalic ~ currency - moned metalic metallurgic(al) adj. metalurgic ~ industry - industria metalurgic metallurgy .y. metalurgie method s. 1. metod, procedeu 2. sistem, organizare ~ of financing - metod de finanare ~ s engineering - (man.) tehnica metodelor - s study - studiul metodelor (pentru obinerea unei eficiene sporite i reducerea costurilor) ~ s time measurement - msurare a timpului {in munca manual) me-too s. me-too (produs copiat dup un model concurent cu succes pe pia) metre .?. metru metric adj. metric ~ system - sistem metric ~ ton - ton metric metropolis s. metropol microeconomics s. microeconomie middle adj. mijlociu, mediu s. 1. mijloc; medie 2. marfa de calitate medie ~ class - clasa de mijloc ~ management - conducere la nivel mediu ~ (market) price - (bur.) curs mediu ~ - sized - de mrime mijlocie middleman s. intermediar, mijlocitor; comisionar

middling adj. mijlociu, mediu s.pl. produse de calitate medie/calitatea a doua migration s. migratie ~ of money - migraie a capitalului mile s. mil (unitate de msur pentru lungime) mileage s. 1. distan/parcurs m mile 2. tarif pe mil 3. indemnizatie de deplasare (pe numr de mile) ~ expenses - cheltuieli de deplasare (pe mil) milking s. mulgere (strategie de marketing pe termen scurt care urmrete
obinerea rapid deprqfit)

mill s. 1. moar 2. fabric; filatur 3. frez; laminor v.t. 1. a mcina 2. a prelucra, a freza miller s. 1. morar 2. main de frezat, frez3. frezor millwright s. 1. proiectant (al unei fabrici) 2. montator, montor milliner s. modist millinery s. 1. plrii de dam; galanterie 2. magazin de plrii de dam sau articole de mod millionaire s. milionar mine s. min v.t. a extrage, a exploata v.i. 1. a lucra n min 2. a efectua lucrri miniere ~ ore - minereu brut ~ survey - topografie minier miner s. miner minim s. minim {unitate de msur
pentru capacitate)

minimize v.t. a minimaliza minimum s. minim(um) adj. minim(al) ~ lending rate - rata minim a dobnzii (pentru creditele acordate de banca centrala) ~ margin requirements - (bur.) acoperire minim necesar

MIN-MOB

195

~ price - pre minim {stabilit de guvern) ~ reserve requirements - rezerv minim obligatorie ~ wage - salariu minim mining s. minerit; exploatare minier ~ and quarring - industria extractiv ~ engineer - inginer minier ~ fee - arend pentru concesiuni miniere ~ industry - industria minier/ extractiv ~ right - concesiune minier ~ shares - aciuni ale societilor miniere minister s. ministru ~ plenipotentiary - ministm plenipoteniar minstry s. minister minor adj. minor; secundar, auxiliar s. (dr.) minor ~ court - prima instan ~ expenses - cheltuieli minore minority s. minoritate ~ interests - participaie minoritar ~ shareholders - acionari minoritari mint s. 1. monetrie 2. sum mare {de
bani) v.t. a bate (moned), a fabrica (bani)

miscarrage s. pierdere, livrare greit

(a unei scrisori)

miscellaneous adj. amestecat, divers,

variat

~ Hne bars - lingouri monetare {de aur, argint) ~ mark - marca monetriei ~ par/parity of exchange - (fin.) paritate de schimb intrinsec / metalic ~ ratio - (fin.) raport bimetalic mintage s. 1. batere de moned, fabricare de bani 2. bani ai unei emisiuni 3. cost al unei emisiuni monetare 4. marc, imagine (imprimat
pemoneda)

misappropriation s. delapidare, detumare (defonduri}

~ contingencies - diverse i neprevzute (meniune la sfritul devizului unei construcii) ~ goods - mrfuri diverse / variate ~ income - venit din diverse surse misconduct s. administrare / conducere proast v.t. a administra / a conduce prost misdeliver v.t. a livra greit misdelivery s. livrare greit misenter v.. (cont.) a nregistra greit misentry s. (cont.) nregistrare greit misfeasance s. (dr.) abuz de putere; executare nelegal a unor drepturi legale misgovern v.t. a guvema prost misgovernment s. guvemare proast mismanage v.t. a administra greit mismanagement s. administrare gre-it / incompetent misrepresent v.t. a prezenta incorect / inexact (date), a dezinfoi-ma mix s. amestec; mrfuri diverse v.l. a amesteca, a combina mixed adj. mixt, amestecat, combinat ~ cargo - caric / ncrctur mixt() ~ cropping - cultur mixt ~ currency valut mixt (format din monede de diferite metale i bancnote) ~ economy economie mixt farming agricultur mixt (cultivarea pmntului i creterea animalelor) ~ ownership - form de proprietate mixt ~ policy - (asig. mar.) poli mixt ~ train - tren mixt (cw vagoane de marf i cltor) mobility s. mobilitate

196

MOB-MON

~ of capital - mobilitate a capitalului ~ of labour - mobilitate a fortei de munc mock adj. fals, simulat ~ auction - licitaie simulat (pentru a urca preul) moiety 5'. (rir.)jumtate moist adj. umed ~ goods - mrfuri umede moisture s. umezeal, umiditate ~ content - coninut / grad de umiditate ~ meter - umidometru ~ sampling - eantionare pentru msurarea umiditii monetarism s. monetarism monetary adj. monetar; pecuniar ~ aggregates - agregat monetar ~ assets - active monetare ~ base - baz monetar ~ circulation - circulaie monetar ~ deflation - deflaie monetar ~ economy - economie monetar ~ policy - politic monetar ~ standard - etalon monetar ~ system - sistem monetar ~ union - uniune monetar ~ unit - unitate monetar monetize v.t. 1. a bate moned din 2. a da valoare monetar {unui metal) money s. 1. bani; moned 2. pl. fonduri, capital adj. monetar; financiar ~ at/on call - mprumut rambursabil la cerere ~ at call and short notice - mpmmut rambursabil la cerere i cu preaviz ~ bill - proiect de lege financiar ~ broker - agent de intermediere a mprumuturilor; agent de schimb valutar ~ capital ~ capital lichid/n bani ~ circulation - circulatie monetar

~ economy - economie monetar ~ illusion - iluzie monetar (ideea fals c banii ar avea o putere fix de cumprare) ~ interest - interes pecuniar ~ laudering - splare a banilor ~ letter - scrisoare de valoare ~ manager - agent de investiii ~ market - pia monetar ~ multiplier - (fin.) multiplicator monetar {influenarea masei monetare
din economie prin modificarea necesarului de rezerv sau prin folosirea operaiunilor de pia deschis)

~ of account - unitate monetar de cont ~ of exchange - moned de schimb ~ - off coupon - cupon valoric (oferit
n scop promoional pentru obinerea

gratuit sau cu reducere de pre a unor

produse)

~ office - casierie ~ order - mandat potal; ordin de plat ~ pressure / scarcity - lips de bani, criz de lichiditti ~ rate of interest - dobnd nominal ~ supply - mas monetar ~ wages - salariu nominal ~ washing - splare a banilor moneychanger s. agent de schimb valutar moneyed adj. 1. bogat, cu bani 2. pecuniar; financiar moneygrubbing s. tezaurizare moneylender s. cmtar moneymaker s. 1. persoan care realizeaz ctiguri mari 2. afacere bnoas moneymaking adj. rentabil, profitabil; bnos s. ctig, profit moneyman s. 1. investitor 2. girant

MON-MOT

moneyspinner s. afacere / realizare de succes / bnoas (unfilm, o carte etc.)

monger s. (in cuvinte compuse)

negustor, vnztor monoculture s. monocultur monometallism s. (fin.) monometalism monopolist s. monopolist monopolistic adj. monopolist ~ competition - concuren de monopol monopolize v.t. a monopoliza monopoly s. monopol ~ contract - contract de monopol ~ power - (putere de) monopol ~ price - pre de monopol ~ proft - profit de monopol monopsonist .y. monopsonist monopsony s. monopson month s. lun monthly adj. lunar, mensual ~ account - (com.) cont lunar ~ statement - bilan lunar moonlighting s. moonlighting (practica de a avea dou servicii, a doua slujb avnd de obicei program noctum, veniturile suplimentare astfel obinute fiindfrecvent nedeclarate) moonshiner s. moonshiner (persoan care desfoar afaceri ilegale, mai ales noaptea); contrabandist moral adj. moral ~ hazard - risc moral (comportament necinstit sau neglijen a persoanelor care nu suport costurile actelor lor, situaie generat de existena unei asigurri etc.) moratorium s. moratoriu mortgage s. 1. ipotec 2. drept de ipotec v.t. a ipoteca ~ assumption - cesionare a ipotecii ~ - backed securities - titluri de valoare obinute prin titrizarea creditului ipotecar

~ bond - obligaiune ipotecar ~ by order of the court - ipotec judiciar ~ charge - sarcin ipotecar ~ credit credit ipotecar ~ creditor - creditor ipotecar ~ debt - datorie ipotecar ~ debtor - debitor ipotecar ~ duty - tax ipotecar ~ graduated payment - plat gradual a ipotecii ~ interest - dobnd ipotecar ~ loan mprumut ipotecar ~ market - pia ipotecar ~ note - nscris ipotecar ~ registry - birou (notarial) de ipoteci ~ rewrite programs - programe de reealonare a ipotecii ~ wraparound - ipotec nvluitoare (ipotec secundara) to be bound by ~ - a fi obligat ipotecar to raise a ~ - a face o ipotec mortgagee s. creditor ipotecar mortgager s. debitor ipotecar mortgagor v. mortgager mortmain s. (dr.) proprietate / avere inalienabil motel s. motel motion s. micare ~ study - studierea micrilor (pentru obinerea randamentului maxim cu efort minim n procesul muncii) ~ time analysis - analiza timpului necesar micrilor (in procesul muncii) motivational adj. motivaional ~ research - cercetare motivaional (pentru a descoperi factorii psihologici care determin comportamentul consu-matorilor) motor s. 1. motor 2. automobil 3. pl. aciuni ale societilor constructoare de

198

MOT-MUT

automobile adj. auto, referitor la automobile ~ hotel - motel ~ insurance - asigurare auto ~ lorry and trailer - autotren, autocamion cu remorc ~ repair shop / workshop - atelier de reparaii auto ~ ship / vessel - motonav ~ show - expoziie de automobile ~ truck - autocamion ~ vehicle - autovehicul motorcar x. 1. automobil 2. vagon automotor motorway s. autostrad mountain s. cantitate / rezerv mare
(de produse agricole considerate

excedentare n CEE) movable adj. 1. mobil; portabil, transportabil 2. (rfr.) mobiliar s. pl. valori mobiliare ~ property - bunuri mobiliare ~ assets - valori mobiliare multibranding s. multibranding {utilizarea mai multor mrci n cadrul
aceleiai linii de produse)

multilateral adj. multilateral ~ agreement - acord multilateral ~ trade - comert multilateral multilateralism s. (com.) multilateralism multinational adj. multinaional ~ corporation - corporaie multinaional multiple adj. multiplu ~ application - (bur.) subscriere multipl {la aciuni folosind nume
false)

~ division company - companie cu uniti de producie multiple / independente ~ peril insurance - asigurare mpo-triva unor riscuri multiple ~ pricing - fixare de preuri multiple {infuncie de specificul pieelor) ~ rates of exchange - cursuri de schimb multiple ~ shop / store - magazin m reea ~ tariff tax vamal multipl / discriminatorie ( n funcie de ara de origine a mrfurilor) ~ taxation - impozitare multipl / dubl ~ voting shares - aciuni cu drepturi multiple de vot municipal adj. municipal ~ bond - obligaiune municipal ~ bond fund - fond mutual de investih n obligatiuni municipale ~ planning urbanism ~ tax - impozit local / municipal municipality ^. municipalitate mural adj. mural ~ advertising - publicitate mural / pe faada cldirilor mushroom s. ciuperc ~ growth - dezvoltare rapid ~ organization - societate cu dezvol-tare rapid (prin afaceri dubioase) mutual adj. mutual, reciproc ~ agreement - acord mutual ~ benefit society - societate de ajutor reciproc ~ fund - fond mutual ~ insurance asigurare mutual ~ savings bank - (SUA) banc mutual de economii

~ business system - sistem comercial multiplu

N
naked adj. descoperit, gol ~ bond -contract negarantat ~ contract - contract unilateral; contract cu titlu gratuit/far contraprestaie ~ debenture - (dr.) obligaiune chirografar ~ options - (bur.) opiuni descoperite (yndute de un investitor fr a avea acoperire n aciun) ~ trustee - mandatar pasiv (fir sarcin activ de ndeplinit) name s 1. nume, denumire 2. reputaie, renume adj. cunoscut, faimos v.t. 1. a numi, a denumi 2. a fixa, a specifica (ziua, preul etc.) 3. (for) a numi (intr-o
funcie)

~ budget - buget de stat ~ consumption - consum naional ~ currency - moned naional ~ debt - datorie public / de stat ~ dividend/income - venit naional ~ economy - economie naional ~ expenditure - cheltuieli bugetare ~ insurance - asigurri de stat ~ product - produs naional (brut, net
etc.)

~ day - (bur.) ajun al lichidrii; ziua declarrii numelor (cumprtorilor) ~ of an account - titular al unui cont ~ of a frm - nume social ~ of the payee - nume al beneficiarului ~ -ticket - (bur.) bilet/formular din ziua declarrii numelor (prin care brokerul i ofera vnztorului informau despre cumprtor) narration s. (cont.) explicaie (a unui
articol din registru)

~ standard - standard / etalon naional ~ taxes - impozite de stat ~ wealth - avuie naional nationalize v.t. a naionaliza, a etatiza natural adj. natural ~ economy - economie natural ~ monopoly - monopol natural ~ person - persoan fizic ~ resources - resurse naturale ~ wealth - bogii naturale naval adj. naval, maritim ~ architect - inginer de construcii navale ~ court - tribunal maritim ~ prize law - drept maritim de priz navigable adj. navigabil ~ waters - ape navigabile
navigate v.i. a naviga

narrow adj. limitat, restrns ~ goods - galanterie ~ market - (bur.) pia restrns (cu puine tranzacii) national adj. naional; de stat ~ accounts - raport al bugetului de stat ~ advertising - publicitate la scar national

navigation s. navigatie ~ bounty/subsidy - subvenie de navigaie (acordat de stat unor compani) ~ company - companie de navigaie ~ dues - taxe de navigaie ~ laws - cod maritim ~ permit - permis de navigaie near adv. aproape

200

NEA-NET

~ money - cvasibani ~ trade - (mar.) mic cabotaj necessary adj. necesar s. 1. necesar 2. pl. articole de prim necesitate negative adj. negativ ~ cash flow - flux negativ de numerar ~ interest - dobnd negativ ~ investment investiie negativ ~ utility - lips de utilitate, inutilitate neglected adj. ignorat (despre aciuni puse n vnzare) negotiability s. negociabilitate, carac-ter negociabil negotiable adj. negociabil ~ certificates of deposit - certificate negociabile de depozit (pbligaiuni pe termen scur) ~ instruments/securities instrumente/titluri de valoare negociabile/ transferabile negotiate v.t. 1. a negocia (o afacere, un mprumu etc.) 2. a negocia, a transfera (o cambie prin andosare) v.i. a negocia, a duce tratative negotiation s. negociere ~ s in progress - negocieri n curs to be in ~ with smb. - a fi n negocieri cu cineva to carry on / to conduct ~s - a duce tratative to enter into / to open ~s - a ncepe negocieri negotiator s. negociator net adj. net, neto s. profit net v.t. a ctiga/a ncasa net; a produce net, a aduce un ctig net de ~ assets - activ net ~ asset backing/value - valoare a activului net ~ book value - valoare contabil net

~ capacity - capacitate net (de ncrcare de marf) ~ cash - numerar fr reducere ~ change - modificare net (a cursului unui titlu de valoare) ~ cost - pre de cost ~ current assets - active curente nete ~ debt - datorie net ~ domestic product - produs intem net ~ earnings/gains/profit - profit net ~ estate - proprietate net ~ fixed assets active fixe nete ~ hundredweight - chintal scurt ~ income - venit net ~ investment investiie net ~ liabilities - pasiv net ~ load - ncrctur/sarcin net ~ margin (com.) maij de profit net ~ material product - produs material net ~ national product - produs naional net ~ net weight - greutate net efectiv / real ~ present value - valoare actual net (pentru evaluarea viabilitii unui proiect de mvestiii) ~ price - pre net ~ profit profit net ~ quick assets - active circulante nete ~ realizable value - (cont.) valoare net realizabil ~ receipts - ncasri nete ~ register tonnage - (mar.) tonaj--registru net ~ rentable area - suprafa nchiri-abil a unei cldiri ~ sales - vnzri nete ~ sound value - (asig.) valoare net n stare bun

NET-NOM

201

~ tare - greutate net a tarei ~ ton - (mar.) ton scurt ~ tonnage - tonaj net ~ value - valoare net ~ wages - salariu net ~ weight - greutate net ~ working capital - fond de rulment net ~ worth - valoare net (valoarea unei societi reprezentnd activele totale minus pasivele totale) ~ yield - randament net netting s. rezultat net {calcularea profitului net) network s. reea (comercial, de drumuri etc.) ~ marketing - marketing n reea new adj. nou ~ issue market - (bur.) piaa noilor emisiuni (piaa aciunilor societilor devenite publice recent) news s. pl. tiri, informaii ~ agency - agenie de tiri ~ conference - conferin de pres newsagent s. vnztor de ziare, reviste
etc.

newspaper s. ziar, gazet ~ advertisment - anun n ziar, publicitate n ziar newsstand s. chioc / tonet de ziare next acf/.urmtor ~ account - (fin.) exerciiul urmtor niche s. ni ~ market - ni de pia ~ strategy - strategie de ni (pentru abordarea unui segment mic depia) night s. noapte adj. referitor la noapte, de noapte; care lucreaz noaptea ~ charge - tarif de noapte ~ safe - serviciu de depozitare peste noapte (a banilor in banc, mai ales de

ctre comerciani care evit astfel s pstreze sume mari n casa de bani pe timpu nopi) ~ shift - schimb/tur de noapte nightwork s. munc / schimb de noapte nil s. nimic, zero adj. nul ~ balance - sold nul no adj. nici un; nici o ~ account - fr cont (formul pe un cec) ~ advice / orders - neavizat (jbrmul pe un efect de comer) ~ bid - {bur.) nu se cere (despre aciuni) ~ - cargo condition - (mar.) nen-crcat, fr marf ~ - claim bonus - prim pentru neridicarea vreunei pretenii de plat (de ctre titularul unei polie de asigurare auto) ~ dealings - {bur.) lips de tranzacii ~ eft'ects / funds - fr acoperire (formul pe un cec) ~ goods exchanged - mrfurile cumprate nu se schimb ~ load draft / draught (mar.) pescaj de nav nencrcat ~ noting - fr protest (formul pe o cambie) - par value - fr valoare nominal (despre aciun) ~ quotation - (bur.) necotat nomenclature s. nomenclatur (ya-mal etc.) nominal adj. nominal ~ accounts - (cont.) conturi nominale ~ assets - (cont.) active nominale / fictive (in contabilitatea n partid dubla} ~ capital - capital nominal / social

202

NOM-NON

~ coupon/interest - dobnd nominal (rata dobnzii pltibil pentru un titlu la valoarea nominal) ~ damages - (dr.) daune nominale / minore ~ interest rate - rat nominal a dobnzii (rata dobnw contractate sau declarate) ~ market - (bur.) pia inactiv ~ partner - asociat nominal ~ price - pre nominal; curs nominal ~ quotation - (bur.) cotaie nominal ~ rent - chirie simbolic ~ value - valoare nominal / prescris / de referin ~ wages - salariu nominal nominate v.t. 1. a numi, a desemna (ntr-un post, o funcie) 2. a fixa (o data) 3. a prezenta, a propune (un candidat) nomination s. 1. numire (intr-un post, o funcie) 2. fixare (a unei date) 3. candidatur nominee s. 1. candidat propus (pentru un post, o funcie} 2. (bur.) persoan fzic sau juridic desemnat s administreze tranzaciile de aciuni ca titular (,astfel nct proprietarul real s rmn necunoscut) 3. titular (al unei polie de asigurare de via') 4. chiria; arenda ~ company - societate bancar care administreaz aciuni i titluri de valoare (oferite ca garanie pentru creditele acordate de banca) ~ shareholding - deinere de aciuni pentru administrare (de ctre o persoan fizic sau juridic, pentru ca proprietarul real s rmn necunoscut)

~ acceptance of a bill - neacceptare a unei cambii ~ -appearance - neprezentare (la proces) ~ - available - nedisponibil ~ - business day - zi nelucrtoare ~ - capital ship (mar.) nav de mic tonaj ~ - cash transactions - operaii n virament ~ - claim - (dr.) nedepunere a reclamaiei (in termen legal) ~ - completion risk riscul nen-deplinirii obligaiilor (n tranzaciile de comer exterior) ~ conference carrier - (mar.) cru/ armator independent / necartelat ~ conference rate - (mar.) rat de navlu necartelat ~ - conference ship/vessel - nav necartelat ~ - contributory pensions - pensii necontributive (la fondul de pensii, contribuia nefiind pltit de salariat, ci defirm) ~ cumulative clause - (asig. mar.) clauza necumulrii avariilor ~ cumulative preference share -actiune preferenial necumulativ ~ - delivery - nelivrare ~ durable goods - mrfuri care nu sunt de folosin ndelungat ~ - earning spaces (mar.) spaii nedestinate pasagerilor i mrfurilor ~ - execution / fulfilment / perfor-mance of a contract - neexecutare a unui contract ~ - executive director - director neexecutiv ~ - feasance - (dr.) nendeplinire a obligaiilor legale

non pref. ne-, non-

NON-NOT

203

~ - insurable risk - risc neasigurabil ~ -interest bearing account - cont fr dobnd ~ - liability clause - (.asig.) clauz de exonerare de rspundere ~ - listed securities - titluri de valoare necotate (la burs} ~ - market economy - economie planificat/centralizat ~ - member bank - (SUA) banc nemembr (a Sistemului Federal de Rezerve) ~ - monetary gold - aur nemonetar ~ - monetary investment - investiie n obiecte de valoare ~ par cheque - cec care nu poate fi ncasat la valoarea nominal ~ - participating share - aciune neparticipativ (care nu particip la profit, dar are un dividendfix) ~ paymenf - neplat, neachitare ~ - physical money - moned bancar/ scriptural, substitui ai banilor {depozite bancare etc.) ~ - price competion - (com.) concuren care nu se manifest prin preuri ~ - prime - care nu este de prim ordin (despre un efect de comer) ~ - productivity - neproductivitate ~ - professional - neprofesionist; neprofesional ~ - profit corporation - organizaie nonprofit ~ - profit marketing - marketing nonprofit ~ - quoted - (bur.) necotat ~ - reciprocity - far reciprocitate ~ - recoverable - nerecuperabil ~ - renounceable issue - emisiune de aciuni fr drept de nstrinare

(emisiune destinat acionarilor deja existeni ai unei societi) ~ - returnable/-reimbursable - nerambursabil ~ - suit - retragere a plngerii ~ tariff barriers - bariere netarifare (la import) ~ - taxable - neimpozabil ~ - trading association/partnership asociaie profesional ~ -union - nesindicalizat ~ -voting share - aciune far drept de vot (in adunarea general a acionarilor) ~ warranty clause - (.asig.) clauz de negaranie ~ - wasting assets - active inepuizabile norm s. norm, etalon, standard normal adj. normal ~ yield curve - (fm.) curb normal de randament (referitor la rata dobnzii titlurilor de valoare) nostro pron. nostro ~ account - cont nostro (cont deschis de o banc la corespondentul su din strintate, n care se nregistreaz toate operaiunile bncii titulare) notarial adj. notarial, de notariat ~ charges/fees - taxe notariale ~ deed - act notarial notarize v.t. a autentifica / a legaliza la notariat notary s. notar ~ public - notar public ~ 's deed - act notarial ~ 's offce - notariat note s. 1. not, nsemnare 2. efect, bilet; borderou, factur 3. bancnot, bilet de banc v.t. 1. a nota, a nsemna 2. a protesta (o cambie)

204

NOT-NUM

~ broker - broker care tranzacioneaz efecte de comert ~ circulation - circulais a bancnotelor ~ of expenses - borderou de cheltuieli ~ of fees - not de onorariu ~ of hand - bilet la ordin notice s. 1. aviz, preaviz; avizare, notificare, ntiinare 2. afi, anun 3. anun, not (intr-un z.iar) ~ -board - avizier ~ deposits - depuneri cu avizarea retragerilor ~ of abandonment - (mar.) declaraie de abandon ~ of a meeting - aviz de convocare (a
acionarilor)

~ to suspend payments - aviz de ncetare a pltilor notifcation s. notificare, ntiinare;

aviz

~ of appropriation - (mar.) notificare de individualizare a mrfurilor ~ of delivery/receipt - aviz de primire, confirmare a primirii ~ of dishonour - aviz de neonorare (a
unei cambii)

notify v.t. a notifica, a aviza, a ntiina notional adj. teoretic, imaginar ~ income - venit teoretic/imaginar novation s. (dr.) novaie, novatiune nude adj. gol, nud ~ contract - contract unilateral; contract cu titlu gratuit / far contraprestaie null adj. nul, nevalabil ~ and void - nul i neavenit to render ~ - anula nullification s. anulare, invalidare, abrogare nullify v.t. a anula, a invalida, a abroga nullity s. (dr.) nulitate, lips de valabilitate, caducitate (a unui
contract)

~ of dismissal - aviz de concediere ~ of dispensation - aviz de dispens

(not a unuia dintre titularii unui cont comun prin care renun la dreptul de a primi extras de cont separat)

~ of interest declared - avizare a interesului asigurat ~ to pay - ayizare a scadenei; somaie de plat ~ to quit - somaie de evacuare

~ suit - aciune pentm declararea nevalabilitii; aciune n anulare number s. numr, cifr v.t. a numra; a numerota numbering s. numrare; numerotare ~ machine/stamp - tampil de numr curent nummary adj. monetar ~ weight - greutate monetar nummular v. nummary

0
oath s. (mar.) jurmnt (depus de comandanul unei nave sau de importator n faa organelor vamale din unele porturi) ~ of arrival - jurmnt/declaraie la sosire ~ of entry -jurmnt/declaraie asupra importului ~ on departure - jurmnt/declaraie la plecare object s. obiect de activitate (al unei
societi)

obligation s. obligaie (contractual) oblige v.t. a obliga; a lega prin contract obligee s. obligant, persoan fa de care alt persoan se oblig prin contract; creditor obligor s. obligat, persoan care se oblig prin contract; debitor obsolescence s. nvechire; uzur moral (a unui utilaj) obverse s. 1. avers (al unei monede) 1. fa, parte important (a unei cambii, a unui titlu de valoare) occasional adj. ocazional, temporar ~ customers - clientel ocazional ~ hand - muncitor temporar ~ sale - vnzare ocazional occupancy s. 1. ocupare, luare n posesie 2. stpnire/posesiune temporar; arend 3. perioad m care cineva este ocupant/posesor 4. (dr.) posesiune n virtutea dreptului primului ocupant 5. ocupare (a unuipost) ~ rate - grad de ocupare/folosire

occupant s. 1. ocupant/posesor tempo-rar 2. locatar; arenda 3. .titular, dei-ntor (al unui post) occupational adj. profesional ~ disease - boal profesional hazard - risc de accidente profesionale / de munc ~ health service serviciu de medicina muncii ~ medicine - medicina muncii ~ mobility mobilitate profesional {schimbarea structurii profesionale) ~ pension scheme - plan de pensionare dup criteriul profesional ~ psychology - psihologia muncii/ industrial ~ therapy - ergoterapie occupied adj. ocupat; activ, n munc ~ population populaie activ occupier s. ocupant; locatar; arenda occupy v.t. 1. a ocupa, a lua n pose-siune 2. a nchiria (o cas); a arenda 3. a ocupa (unpost} ocean 5'. ocean ~ bill of lading - conosament oceanc ~ freight - navlu oceanic ~ -going craft/ship/vessel - nav oceanic / de curs lung ~ - going fleet - flot oceanic ~ going tonnage - tonaj al navelor oceanice ~ line - linie de navigaie oceanic ~ liner nav oceanic de linie, trans-atlantic ~ navigation - navigaie oceanic/de curs lung

206

OCE-OFP

~ shipping - navigaie oceanic; transport oceanic ~ tramp - nav-tramp oceanic

~ voyage - voiaj oceanic

oceanic adj. oceanic ~ shipment - expediere transoceanic

(de mrfuri)

~ - board market - (SUA) pia neoficial/extrabursier ~ cover - far garantii/acoperire (despre o ar considerat ca avnd un risc crescut de creditare) ~ cuts - deeuri (de hrtie, cherestea
etc.)

odd adj. 1. impar 2. desperecheat,

dezasortat (despre un articol) 3. supli-

mentar, excedentar 4. ocazional,

temporar (despre munc)

~ - come-shorts - obiecte desperecheate / disparate; resturi, cupoane ~ - even pricing - stabilire de tip parimpar a preului ~ hand/man - persoan care face munci ocazionale ~ job - munc ocazional ~ lot - lot (de mrfuri) nereglementar; (bur.) pachet incomplet de aciuni ~ money - sum de completare; mruni, rest ~ months - lunile cu 31 de zile ~ number - numr impar / fr so ~ size - dimensiune special (la
confeci}

~ day - zi liber ~ duty - liber, n afara orelor de serviciu ~ - grade/'quality goods - mrfuri de calitate inferioar ~ - hire clause - (mar.) clauza ineficienei navei ~ hour - n afara orelor de serviciu; n afara orelor de vrf ~ - license - licen permind vnzarea buturilor alcoolice pentru consum la domiciliu ~ - market - special {despre rata unei
dobnzi, care este diferit de cele practicate curent pe pia)

~ work - munc ocazional; ore suplimentare oddments s. pl. articole desperecheate/ dezasortate; resturi / rmie de marf odorous adj. mirositor ~ goods - mrfuri cu miros specific odour s. miros ~ control - combatere a mirosurilor nedorite ~ removal - dezodorizare off prep. 1. departe de, dincolo de 2. alturi de, lng 3. de pe, din adv. departe; ncolo adj. 1. (n)deprtat 2. liber 3. inferior ~ - balance sheet - n afara bilanului

~ - peak - n afara orelor de vrf; care nu este maxim, redus ~ - peak hours - ore n afara perioadei consumului de vrf ~ - peak rate - tax normal / n afara orelor de vrf ~ - season/'time - sezon mort ~ - the-job training - formare n afara locului de munc ~ - the-record - neoficial, neconsemnat (n documentele oficiale)

~ - the-shelf - standard, far comand

special (despre un produs)

offal s. 1. resturi, rmie 2. mruntaie, organe 3. pete ieftin/de calitate inferioar 4. tre
offer s. ofert; pre (oferit) v.t. 1. a

oferi, a da (un pre) 2. a expune, a

prezenta (mrfuri pentru vnzare)

OFF-OIL

207

offeree s. persoan creia i se face o

ofert

offerer 5. ofertant offering s. ofert; prezentare (de mrfuri pentru vnzare) ~ price - (bur.) pre de ofert (preul la care sunt vndute publicuhii aciunile comune) offhand adj., adv. improvizat, nepregtit office s. 1. birou; sediu (al unei firme); oficiu (al unei administrai} 2. slujb, serviciu; funcie 3. departament; minister ~ action - notificare, comunicare ofcial ~ automation - birotic ~ bearer/holder - functionar ~ boy - comisionar; curier ~ building - cldire administrativ cu birouri/cu birouri ~ copy - copie legalizat ~ expenses - cheltuieli de administraie ~ form - formular administrativ ~ hours - ore de birou / serviciu ~ hunter - vntor de posturi / funcii, carierist, oportunist ~ management - managementul activitii de birou ~ staff - personal administrativ / de birou ~ stationery - fumituri de birou ~ work - munc de birou offcer s. 1. funcionar; inspector; persoan oficial, demnitar 2. ofer ~ of health - inspector sanitar ~ of state - ftincionar superior ~ of taxes - agent fiscal ~ of the court - executorjudectoresc offcial adj. oficial s. funcionar; persoan ofcial

~ discount rate - tax oficial de scont ~ hour - ora oficial ~ list - (bur.) list oficial (care
conine cursurile zilei)

~ rate of exchange - curs de schimb oficial ~ receiver - administrator judiciar (al averii falitulu); lichidator (ntr-un faliment) ~ strike - grev autorizat ~ test - prob de recepie offset s. compensatie, echilibrare; decontare adj. referitor la compensaie / echilibrare v.t. a compensa, a echilibra, a contrabalansa; a deconta ~ account - cont de compensaie offshore adj. offshore, deprtat de coast / litoral; din larg adv. n larg s. zon de ap din vecintatea coastei ~ discharge - descrcare n rad ~ fshery - pescuit pe platoul continental offtake s. vnzare; (cantitate de} marf vndut oil s. iei, petrol; produs petrolier adj. petrolier; petrolifer; de iei / petrol ~ actuary - expert n statistica petrolier ~ area / land / zone - sector / perimetru / teren petrolifer ~ -bulk-ore carrier - (mar.) vrachier combinat (minereu mrfuri solide n vrac - petrot) ~ car - vagon-cistern ~ carrier / ship / tanker / vessel petrolier, nav petrolier ~ company - companie petrolier ~ delivery - distribuire / livrare de petrol ~ dock - bazin pentru petroliere ~ drillboat - platform de foraj marin

208

OIL-ONE

~ field - teren petrolifer; schel petrolier ~ harbour / port - port petrolier ~ industry - industria petrolier - jetty - chei de petrol ~ market - piaa petrolului; piaa aciunilor petroliere ~ plant - plant oleaginoas "producing area perimetru petrolifer ~ production - extracie / producie de petrol ~ refinery - rafinrie de petrol ~ shares aciuni petroliere/ale companiilor petroliere ~ shipment - transport de produse petroliere cu nave petroliere ~ terminal staie de transbordare; staie de pompare final ~ trucking - transport de produse petroliere cu autocisteme ~ well - sond de petrol oiler s. petrolier, nav petrolier old aclj. 1. vrstnic, btrn 2. vechi ~ age pension - pensie pentru limit de
vrst

~ account and risk of shippers (asig. mar.) n contul i pe riscul ncrctorilor ~ account of general average - (asig. mar.) n contul avariei comune ~ -board bill of lading - (fnar.) conosament pentru mrfuri ncrcate ~ -carrier - cru ulterior ~ -cost charges - cheltuieli generale / de regie ~ credit - pe credit ~ -cycle - perioad de funcionare
efectiv

~ money - capital existent ~ share - aciune veche (care, la o eventual emisiune, va avea o valoare mai mic dect o aciune nou) ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) vechi/existente oligarchy s. oligarhie oligopoly s. oligopol oligopsony s. oligopson omnibus adj. colectiv ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament colectiv onprep. pe; la; n

~ delivery - la livrare ~ demand - la cerere ~ duty - de serviciu ~ joint account - n cont comun; n participaie ~ - lending - acordare de credite obinute din alt surs ~ license - licen permind vnzarea i consumul buturilor alcoolice n local ~ offer - oferit, n vnzare {despre marf) ~ order - comandat (dar nelivrat) ~ record - nregistrat (oficial) ~ sale - de vnzare ~ sale or return - de prob ~ -the-money option - (bur.) opiune cu pre de exerciiu identic sau apropiat cursului pieei one adj. \. unul; una 2. unic; singur ~ -crop system - monocultur ~ -dimensional - unidimensional ~ - sided/- way market - (bur.) pia specializat (pia pe care cotaiile sunt disponibile fie pentru ofert, fie pentru cumprare) ~ man company - societate controlat de o singur persoan

ONE-OPE

209

~ - man market - pia controlat / nchis ~ - name paper - bilet la ordin simplu/cu un singur nume (cel al
persoanei care se mprumut)

~ sided contract - contract unilateral onerous adj. oneros, mpovrtor (despre condiii) ~ contract - contract (cu titlu) oneros ~ property - proprietate care constituie o sarcin onerousness s. caracter oneros onflow s. aflux (de capital) onshore adj. de coast / litoral adv. spre coast onus s. rspundere, sarcin; obligaie oneroas open adj. deschis v.t. a deschide ~ account - cont deschis (m baza unui credit) ~ charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire deschis (fr indicarea anticipat
a porturilor i a ncrcturilor)

~ cheque - cec deschis / nebarat ~ contract - contract simplu / deschis ~ cover - poli de asigurare deschis ~ credit - credit deschis/nelimitat ~ depot - depozit n aer liber ~ discount market - (fin.) piaa scontului neoficial ~ - door policy - politica uilor deschise (politic care permite tuturor strinilor s desfaoare activiti economice sau s emigreze ntr-o anumit ar) ~ - ended - deschis, nedefinitivat (despre un contract) ~ - end fund - fond mutual deschis (care vinde un numr nelimitat de
aciuni pe care se oblig s le rscumpere la cerere)

~ general licence - licen general deschis (fdr restricii la import) ~ harbour / port - port deschis ~ indent - comand de mrfuri la alegerea expeditorului ~ insurance - asigurare flotant ~ letter of credit - scrisoare de credit deschis / fr condiii ~ market - pia deschis / liber ~ mortgage - ipotec deschis (a crei sum poatef mrita) ~ order - (bur.) ordin deschis (prdin de tranzacionare valabil pn cnd este executat sau anulat) ~ outcry - (bur.) licitaie deschis ~ policy - (asig. mar.) poli deschis / neevaluat ~ price - pre liber / nefixat ~ quarrying - exploatare (de carier) lazi ~ rates - tarif neunifonn ~ season - sezon deschis (de vntoare, pescnit) ~ shop - ntreprindere deschis (care angajeaz i muncitori nesindicalizai) ~ space - spaiu liber / nencrcat ~ -top container - container deschis / far capac ~ trade - (comer de) specul ~ union - sindicat deschis (care nu
impune condiii restrictive pentru primirea de noi membri) ~ vote - vot deschis

opening s. 1. deschidere; inaugurare 2. oportunitate, ocazie; debueu 3. post liber / vacant adj. de deschidere ~ balance - sold iniial ~ capital - capital iniial - price/rate - (bur.) curs de deschidere operate v.t. 1. a opera, a efectua (modificr} 1. a manipula, a aciona (o

210

OPE

main} 3. a conduce, a administra (o ntrepritidere) 4. a exploata (o ca/e ferat, o nav etc.) operating adj. 1. de exploatare; tehnic, de deservire 2. operaional ~ assets - active de exploatare ~ capital - capital de exploatare ~ company - companie operaional (filiala unei societi-holding) ~ conditions - condiii de exploatare / funcionare ~ costs/expenses - cheltuieli de ex-ploatare ~ cycle - ciclu operaional (intervalul de timp dintre cumprarea de materii prime pentru producia de bunuri i ncasarea numerarului dup vnzarea acestord) ~ data - parametri de exploatare ~ draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj de exploatare ~ efficiency - randamCTit; capacitate de producie ~ engineer - inginer de exploatai'e ~ income - venit din exploatare ~ leasing leasing/locaie operaio-nal() (locaie n care locatorul ntre-ine i finaneaz activulfix) ~ leverage - (fin.) levier operaional (msura n care sunt utilizate costurile fixe n exploatarea firme) ~ losses - pierderi de exploatare ~ merger fuziune operaional (fuziune prin care sunt integrate operaiunile a dou companii n sperana obinem unor avantaje sinergetice) ~ personnel / staff - personal tehnic / de deservire ~ plan - plan de producie ~ process - proces tehnologic

~ profits - beneficii de exploatare ~ repairs - reparaii curente / de ntreinere ~ risk - (fin.) risc operaional ~ speed - (mar.) vitez comercial / de exploatare ~ statement - (cont.) situaie a cheltuielilor de exploatare ~ trim - (mar.) asiet de exploatare operation s. 1. punere n funciune, manipulare, acionare (a unei main) 2. conducere, administrare (a unei ntreprmderi) 3. exploatare (a unei ci ferate, a unei nave etc.) 4. tranzacie, operaie (financiar) ~ breakdown - analiza componentelor unei activiti ~ chart - graflc de operaii ~ line - linie tehnologic ~ sheet - fi tehnologic ~ s management - management operaional to come into ~ - a intra n vigoare (despre o lege); a intra n funciune operational adj. operaional; de funcionare/exploatare ~ factors - parametri de funcionare ~ reliability - fiabilitate operaional, siguran n funcionare ~ research - (man.) cercetare operaional ~ speed - (mar.) vitez comercial / de exploatare operative adj. 1. operativ; eficace; activ 2. apt de exploatare; n bun stare de funcionare s. muncitor calificat; operator ~ mistake - (dr.) eroare operativ / activ (eroare foarte grav care
anuleaz un contracf)

~ obligation - obligaie executorie

OPE-ORD

21i

to become ~ - a intra n vigoare (despre o lege) operator s. 1. operator; muncitor; mecanic, mainist 2. telefonist; telegrafist 3. operator de burs, persoan angajat n operaii de burs 5. proprietar sau administrator (al unei
ntreprinderi etc.)

~ 's licence - licen de transport opinion s. opinie ~ leader - lider de opinie ~ poll - sondaj de opinie ~ survey - anchet / studiu de opinie; anchet statistic opportune adj. oportun oportuneness s. oportunitate, caracter oportun opportunity s. ocazie favorabil, oportunitate (de afaceri) . ~ cost - ( fin.) cost de oportunitate (rata rentabilitii celei mai bune investiii alternative disponibile) ~ set - (fin.) set de oportunitate (toate datele risc - rentabilitate referitoare la
o investiie)

~ money - acont (care asigur prioritate la cumprare sau vnzare n condiii prestahilite) ~ pool - cartel de opiuni ~ premium - prim de opiune (pltit de cumprtorul unei opiuni de cumprare) ~s exchange - burs de opiuni (pentru aciuni, obligaiuni etc.) ~ market - piaa (mrfurilor) cu livrare la termen ~ stock - titluri de valoare cu opiune ~ to double - opiune de dublare (opiune care i d drept vnztorului s vnd un pachet dublu de aciuni
fa de cel convenit)

oppressive adj. opresiv ~ contract - contract opresiv option s. 1. opiune,alegere 2. tranzacie cu opiune / prim; contract cu opiune (prin care aciuni sau
mrfuri sunt tranzacionate la o dat i un pre specificaf)

~ business / dealing - tranzacie cu opiune ~ contract - contract cu opiune ~ dealer / operator - agent de burs specializat n tranzacii cu opiuni ~ fund - fond de tranzactionare a opiunilor

optional adj. opional ~ equipment - echipament opional (livrat la comand) ~ extra - accesorii opionale oral adj. oral ~ agreement --acord verbal orange adj. portocaliu ~ goods - produse de culoare portocalie (bunuri de consum, precum articolele de vestimentaie, nlocuite n ritm moderat) order s. 1. ordine, succesiune; serie 2. comand; cerere 3. ordin de plat; mandat potal 4. ordin, clas, categorie; calitate 5. ordonan (juridic, financiara); decizie, decret, hotrre v.t. 1. a aranja; a sistematiza; a organiza 2. a ordona 3. (dr.) a dispune, a hotr 4. a comanda, a face o comand de ~ at best - (bur.) ordin de cumprare n condiiile cele mai avantajoase ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament Ja ordin ~ blank / form - formular de comand ~ book - registru de comenzi

ZV2.

ORD-ORG

~ cheque - cec la ordin ~ clause - clauz la ordin ~ clerk - recepioner de comenzi ~ for government account - comand de stat ~ for payment/to pay - ordin de plat, ordonanare ~ in hand - comand acceptat ~ in writing - comand scris ~ note - not de comand ~ of ports - succesiune a porturilor (la ncrcare sau descrcare) ~ of priority - ordine a prioritii ~ of the day - ordine de zi ~ paper - titlu de valoare la ordin; ordine de zi (prezentat n scris) ~ port port pentm instruciuni ~ to buy - ordin de cumprare ~ to sell - ordin de vnzare ~ to transfer - ordin de virament ~ s not to pay - dispoziii de suspendare a plii (unui cec) to ~ only - numai la comand ordinary adj. simplu; obinuit, comun ~ business - (asig.) afacere obinuit (asigurri de afaceri care nu sunt din sectorul industrial) ~ capital - capital obinuit (emis sub form de aciuni comune) ~ creditor - creditor general (jar drepturi prefereniale) ~ damages - daune generale ~ debt - crean neprivilegiat / neprioritar ~ dividend - dividend neprivilegiat / neprioritar ~ freight - marf de mic vitez ~ income - venit ordinar (pbinut din activitatea normal de exploatare) interest - ' dobnd simpl/ necapitaliza

~ partner - comanditat ~ partnership societate n nume colectiv ~ seaman - marinar stagiar/necalificat ~ shares - aciuni comune/neprivi-legiate ore s. minereu ~ bed/deposit - zcmnt de minereu ~ bulk-oil carrier - (mar.) vrachier combinat (minereu - mrfuri solide n vrac - petrol) ~ carrier/ship/vessel - mineralier, nav mineralier ~ - carrying fleet - flot de minera-liere ~ charter - (mar.) contract de transport pentru minereuri ~ - coal carrier mineralier - carbo-nier ~ - grain carrier - mineralier - cerea-lier ~ - oil tanker - mineralier - petrolier ~ yard - depozit de minereuri organic adj. organic, structural ~ growth - (man.) dezvoltare organic/ structural {a uneifirme) organization s. 1. organizare 2. organi-zaie, asociaie ~ and methods - (man.) organizare i metode ~ chart - organigram ~ planning planificare a structurii organizatorice organizational adj. organizaional ~ behaviour - comportament organi-zaional ~ buying - aprovizionare institutiona-lizat (m.odalitatea prin care diversele organizaii identific i evalueaz produsele pe care doresc s le achizii-oneze)

ORG-OUT

213

structure - (man.) stmctur organizaional organize v.t. a organiza organized adj. organizat ~ exchange burs oficial labour sindicat; muncitori sindicalizai ~ market pia organizat / oficial origin ^. origine (a mrf) original adj. 1. original, iniial 2. original, autentic s. original, exemplar prim ~ accumulative - acumulare primar / primitiv ~ cost - cost iniial/istoric ~ invoice - factur original ~ tare tar iniial ounce s. uncie (unitate de msur pentru greutate) out adv. (n) afar ~ and home freight - (mar.) navlu dusntors ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de plecare ~ ofcommission - scos din exploatare ~ -ofdate - nvechit; ieit din uz ~ -of-order defect, stricat ~ -of-place - omer ~ -ofstock - epuizat ~ -of-the-money option - opiune cu pre de exerciiu superior cursului pieei ~ -of-work - omer; oprit, decuplat outage s. 1. oprire a funcionrii (unui utilaj din cauza unei pene de curent); perioad de inactivitate 2. perisabilitate
(a mrfii)

~ time - timp de pan, durat a ieirii din funciune outbalance v.t. a cntri mai mult dect, a ntrece la greutate

outbid v.t. a supralicita, a oferi mai mult (la licitaie) outbidder s. supralicitant outbidding s. supralicitare outboard (mar.) adj. exterior, n afara bordului, de peste bord ~ delivery - predare de la bord outbound (mar.) adj. 1. cu destinaia n strintate; care pleac ntr-o cltorie ndeprtat (despre o nava) 2. de export; expediat ntr-un port strin sau ndeprtat (despre marf) ~ freight - caric / navlu de plecare / ieire ~ shipment - ncrctur expediat outcry s. 1. vnzare la licitatie 2. (bur.) negocieri cu voce tare / prin strigare outdoor adj. n aer liber; exterior, extem ~ plant - instalaie n aer liber / deschis ~ staff - personal cu serviciu exterior ~ storage - depozitare n aer liber outer adj. exterior, extem ~ harbour / port - port exterior ~ condition - stare exterioar {a mrfii ncrcate) outfit s. 1. echipament; instrumente, scule, ustensile; utilaj 2. armare (a navei) v.t. 1. a echipa, a nzestra; a utila 2. a arma (o nava) outftter s. 1. fumizor (de echipament) 2. comerciant, vnztor (de mbrcminte, echipamenf) outgo s. cheltuieli outgoing adj. de plecare; de expediere s. pl. cheltuieli ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de plecare ~ invoice - factur de vnzare ~ partner - partener care iese din firm

214

OUT

outlay s. cheltuieli v.t. a cheltui ~ tax - impozit indirect outlet s. pia de desfacere, debueu outlook s. (bur.) previziune (a cursului
uciunilor)

output s. 1. producie 2. productivitate, randament; capacitate de producie ~ area - sfer de producie ~ coeffcient / factor - coeficient de eficien, productivitate ~ level - nivel de productie ~ per man-hour - productivitate pe om-or ~ per man-shift - productivitate pe om-schimb ~ standard - norm de producie outsell v.i. a se vinde mai bine sau mai scump dect (o alt marfa) outside s. 1. exterior, parte exterioar 2. pl. hrtie defect (n comerul cu hurtie) adj. 1. exterior, extem 2. maxim; excesiv (despre preuri) ~ broker - broker neoficial ~ director - membru al consiliului de administraie neangajat permanent ~ financing - finanare extem ~ market - pia neoficial ~ port - avanport ~ price - pre / curs maxim ~ storage - depozitare n aer liber ~ worker - lucrtor la domiciliu outsider s. 1. outsider, strin (persoan care nu face parte dintr-un cerc, o mstituie etc.) 2. broker neoficial outsize s. numr / msur / talie foarte mare (/a mbrcminte) adj. de talie foarte mare outsized adj. de talie foarte mare outstanding adj. 1. remarcabil, important 2. neachitat, restant; neamortizat 3.

nesolutionat, litigios; pendinte s. pl. (cont.) conturi debitoare ~ claim / debt - crean / datorie restant ~ interest - dobnzi neachitate / restante ~ liabilities - angajamente neonorate / restante ~ payment - plat restant outstrip v.t. a ntrece, a devansa (un
concurent)

outturn n. 1. producie; randament 2. greutate net a caricului descrcat (la

sosirea nave)

~ report - raport de descrcare ~ sample - mostr din marfa preluat ~ weight - greutate descrcat / predat (de o nav) outvalue v.t. a valora / a costa mai mult dect outvote v.t. a obine mai multe voturi dect outward adj. exterior, extem; de
export

~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament al mrfurilor de export ~ - bound - cu destinaie / n dmm spre un port strin (despre o nav) ~ cargo - (mar.) caric de plecare, marf de export ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de plecare ~ payment - plat efectuat ~ voyage - {mar.) voiaj n'strintate outweigh v.t. a cntri mai greu dect, a depi n greutate outwork s. lucru la domiciliu / n afara fabricii v.t. a lucra mai repede sau mai bine dect outworker s. lucrtor la domiciliu

OVE

215

over prep. peste, dincolo de; la, lng adv. deasupra; n plus; exagerat, excesiv s. surplus, excedent ~ or under - n plus sau n minus ~ ship's rail - (mar.) peste balustrada navei (formul dintr-un conosament care arat c responsabilitatea armatorului fa de caric ncepe cnd ncrctura trece de balustrada nave) ~ -the-counter drug - medicament care poate fi cumprat far reet medical ~ -the-counter market - pia neoficial / extrabursier ~ -the-counter securities - titluri de valoare necotate / vndute neoficial overall s. salopet; echipament de protecie adj. total, global, general; de gabarit ~ agreement - acord global ~ balance - (fin.) balan global (suma tuturor tranzaciilor autonome sau oficiale fnanate cu sau fara folqfirea rezervelor) ~ cost - pre global ~ dimension - dimensiuni de gabarit ~ output - producie total / global ~ size - gabarit overbalance 5. surplus, excedent (de greutate) v.t. a cntri mai mult dect, a ntrece n greutate overbid v. outbid overbidder v. outbidder overbidding v. outbidding overbought adj. supraevaluat, supraestimat ~ market - (bur.) pia supraevaluat overburden v.t. a suprancrca overbuy v.t. a cumpra m cantiti prea mari; (bur.) a cumpra m plus fa de

capacitatea de a oferi aciuni suplimen-tare n anumite situaii overcapacity s. capacitate excesiv (de producie fa de cerere) overcapitalization s. 1. supraevaluare 2. supracapitalizare overcapitalize v.. 1. a supraevalua (capitalul unei societi prin emiterea unui numr prea mare de aciuni n raport cu o politic fnanciar judici-oas sau cu activele nete ale companiei respective) 2. a supracapitaliza overcharge s. 1. suprancrcare 2. suprapre, pre excesiv v.t. 1. a supran-crca 2. a cere un pre prea mare pentru v.i. ancrca lapre overdraft s. 1. overdraft, depire a contului n banc; sum cu care s-a depit contul n banc; cont descoperit 2. neacoperire (a unui mandat de plat) overdraw v.t. 1. a depi {contul) n banc 2. a da dispoziii de plat far acoperire, a elibera (un cec) far acoperire v.i. a nu avea acoperire overdue adj. ntrziat, restant, depit ca termen ~ bill - cambie cu scadena depit ~ debts arierate ~ delivery - livrare ntrziat ~ payment - plat ntrziat overentry s. surplus de tax vamal ~ certificate - certificat vamal pentru rambursarea surplusului de tax vamal overestimate s. 1. supraevaluare, supraestimare 2. deviz exagerat v.t. a supraevalua, a supraestima overextended adj. supraextins (despre o afacere care ruleaz i produce mult mai muli bani dect valoarea activelor curene)

216

OVE

overfreight s. (mar.) supranavlu, navlu suplimentar overfund v.i. (fin.) a vinde surplusul de titluri de stat overhang s. (fin.) overhang (emisiune excedentar de titluri de valoare care poate determina o scdere accentuat a cursurilor sau sum mare de dolari SUA existent n afara rii, care, convertit n alt moned, poate antrena scderea cursului de schimb) overhaul s. 1. revizie general 2. reparaie capital v.t. 1. a revizui, a verifica (o main etc.) 1. a repara overhead adj. global (despre preur} s. (ipl.) cheltuieli generale/de regie ~ charges / costs / expenses cheltuieli generale/de regie ~ price - pre global / forfetar overinsurance s. supraasigurare overinsure v.t. a supraasigura overinvest v.t. a investi excesiv overinvestment s. investiie excesiv overinvoice v.t. a factura la preuri mrite (excesiv) overinvoicing s. facturare la preuri mrite overissue s. supraemisiune (de aciuni) overland adj. pe uscat ~ route - rut terestr overlend v.t. a credita excesiv (despre o banc) overload s. suprancrctur, suprasarcin v.t. a suprancrca overpay v.t. a plti prea mult pentru overpayment s. plat excesiv, sum pltit n plus overplus s. surplus, excedent overproduce v.t. a produce prea mult fa de (cerere sau cantitatea prevzut)

overproduction s. supraproducie ~ crisis - criz de supraproducie overrate v.t. a supraevalua, a supraaprecia overrule v.t. a respinge (reclamai); a anula (decizii) oversea(s) adj. de peste ocean, de peste mare; strin, de peste hotare; exterior (despre comer) adv. peste ocean, peste mare; n strintate, peste hotare ~ investment - investiie n strintate ~ market - pia extem ~ ship / vessel - nav de curs lung ~ shipping - transport pe mare ~ trade - comert exterior / maritim overseer s. supraveghetor oversell v.t. 1. a vinde mai mult dect se poate livra sau exist n stoc 2. a vinde folosind campanii promoionale agresive overside adj adv. {mar.) peste bord ~ delivery - livrare / predare peste bord ~ delivery clause - clauza livrrii/ predrii (marfi.) peste bord ~ port - port cu alimbare oversize s. supradimensiuni overspend v.i. a cheltui excesiv, a depi limita cheltuielilor overstock s. suprastoc, stoc excedentar/supranormativ v.t. a suprastoca; a aproviziona excesiv (piaa, un magazin
etc.)

overstowage s. (mar.) stivuire invers oversubscribe v.i. a subscrie excesiv / peste necesiti (un mprumut, o emisiune de aciuni) oversubscription s. suprasubscriere, subscriere excedentar oversuplly s. supraofert; supraproductie

OVE-OWN

217

overtax v.t. a supraimpozita, a impune excesiv overtaxation s. impunere excesiv overtime s. 1. ore suplimentare, munc suplimentar 2. plat pentru ore suplimentare adj. referitor la orele suplimentare adv. peste orele/programul obinuit de munc ~ ban - interdicie de a executa ore suplimentare ~ goods - mrfuri neridicate n termen ~ payment - plat pentru ore suplimentare ~ request - cerere de vmuire n afara programului ~ work - ore suplimentare, munc suplimentar overtonnage s. (inar.) tonaj excesiv {numrul navelor de transport depaete cu mult cererea) overtrade v.i. a desfura activiti comerciale peste disponibilitile de capital sau cerinele pieei overtrading s. desfaurare de activiti comerciale peste disponibilitile de capital sau cerinele pieei overvaluation s. supraevaluare, supraestimare overvalue v.t. a supraevalua, a supraestima overweight s. supragreutate; greutate excedentar, excedent de greutate adj. n surplus

overwork s. 1. ore suplimentare, munc suplimentar 2. munc excesiv / istovitoare v.t. a extenua, a istovi; a exploata v.i. a munci excesiv owe v.t. a datora v.i. a fi dator owing adj. datorat, restant, de plat own adj. propriu, personal s. proprietate, avere v.. a poseda, a stpni, a avea m proprietate ~ brand/label - marc proprie/de
comert (nume de marc atribuit unui

produs de catre un intermediar, de

obicei un detailist important)

to come into one's ~ - a intra n posesia bunurilor sale to work on one's ~ a lucra pe cont propriu owner s. 1. proprietar, posesor 2. {mar.) armator ~ and charterer - armator i navlositor ~ -manager - director-proprietar ~ 's agent - agent al armatorului ~ 's equity - (fn.) valoare net (valoarea unei societi reprezentnd
activele totale minus pasivele totale)

~ 's risk - (pe) riscul proprietarului sau al armatorului ownerless adj. far proprietar ownership s. 1. proprietate, posesiune 2. drept de proprietate ~ costs - cheltuieli de armare (a navelor comerciale)

P
pacemaker 5. muncitor care determin norma pacer v. pacemaker pacesetter v. pacemaker pack s. 1. pachet; balot, bal; ambalaj 2. cantitate de conserve (pete, fructe etc.) puse pe pia (intr-un sezon) adj. de ambalaj v.t. 1. a mpacheta, a ambala 2. a conserva; a pune n cutii de conserve ~ goods - mrfuri n baluri ~ paper - hrtie de ambalaj package s. 1. pachet, colet; balot; ambalaj 2. mpachetare, ambalare 3. cheltuieli de ambalaj 4. taxe vamale pe baloturile de mrfuri v.t. a mpacheta, a ambala ~ car - furgonet de coletrie, utilitar ~ cargo - caric de colete, coletrie ~ deal - acord / contract global ~ freight - (mar.) mrfuri generale; navlu pentru mrfuri generale ~ goods - mrfuri n ambalaj-tip ~ insurance - (SUA) asigurare global {care acoper mai multe riscuri sau asigur o proprietate n diverse locur} ~ machine - main de mpachetat ~ store - (SUA) magazin n care buturile alcoolice se vnd exclusiv n recipiente nchise ~ system - sistem de livrri complexe
(materiale, servicii, consultana)

~ tour - excursie cu itinerar prestabilit (de agenia turistica) packed adj. mpachetat, ambalat ~ weight - greutate cu ambalaj

packer ^. 1. mpachetator, ambalator; main de ambalat 2. angrosist sau exportator de conserve alimentare packet s. l.pachet; colet 2. nav potal mic v.t. a mpacheta ~ - boat - pachebot ~ station - gara de coletrie packing s. 1. mpachetare, ambalare 2. ambalaj ~ agent / material - material de umplutur ~ canvas / cloth / linen - pnz de ambalaj ~ cardboard - carton de ambalaj ~ case - lad de ambalaj ~ charges / expenses - cheltuieli de ambalare ~ extra - ambalajul facturat separat ~ included - ambalajul inclus n pre ~ industry / trade - industria conservelor ~ list / note / sheet / slip - inventar de lad ~ paper - hrtie de ambalaj ~ plant -fabric de conserve ~ press - pres de mpachetat / balotat packsack s. pnz de sac pentru ambalaj pallet s. (mar.) 1. palet, platform mobil (de ncrcare, stivuire) 2. marf paletizat ~ -carrying ship / vessel - nav pentru mrfuri paletizate ~ load - ncrctur pe palet ~ operation - paletizare palletization s. (mar.) paletizare

PAN-PAR

219

panic s. panic (pe piaa financiara} ~ price - curs de panic / foarte sczut paper 5'. 1. hrtie 2. document, act, pies 3. pl. acte de identitate; documente de serviciu 4. titluri de valoare 5. ziar adj. de hrtie v.t. a mpacheta n hrtie ~ blank - formular ~ company - societate de investiii ~ currency - bani de hrtie, bancnote ~ goods - articole de papetrie ~ industry industria hrtiei ~ mill - fabric de hrtie ~ money - bilet de banc; moned fiduciar ~ profit - profit scriptic/teoretic ~ standard - (fin.) etalon-hrtie ~ title titlu/certificat de proprietate par (/m.) s. 1. paritate 2. valoare nomi-nal adj. referitor la valoarea nominal ~ clause - clauz de paritate ~ of exchange - paritate de schimb ~ value - valoare nominal parallel adj. paralel ~ imports - importuri paralele (din ri cu preuri mai sczute dect cele din propria ara) ~ market - pia paralel (la preuri mai ridicate, cu livrare imediat} ~ rate (of exchange) - rat neoficial / paralel (de schimb) ~ standard - (fin.) etalon dublu parcel s. 1. parcel, lot (de pmnf) 2. pachet, colet; lot/partid de mrfuri v.t. 1. (i ~ out) a parcela; a mprti, a distribui 2. a face colet din, a mpacheta ~ car - vagon de coletrie / mesagerie ~ cartage - (c.f.) factaj ~ delivery / post / service - serviciu de mesagerie

~ delivery company - companie de factaj / mesagerie ~ of goods - lot / partid de mrfuri' ~ of shares - pachet de aciuni ~ office - birou de mesagerie ~ rates - tarifde coletrie / mesagerie ~ station - gar de coletrie/mesagerie ~ traffc - trafic de coletrie/mesagerie to ~ out goods - a mprti mrfuri n loturi to ~ up goods - a face colete de mrfuri parent s. printe ~ bank - banc central ~ company - societate-mam ~ house - firm / cas de comert central ~ store - magazin central (al unui lan
de ma.ga7.ine)

parity s. paritate ~ clause - clauz de paritate part s. 1. parte 2. parte, pies, element 3. parte, participare; sarcin, obligaie ~ cargo charter - (mar.) navlosire parial ~ delivery - livrare partial ~ owner - coproprietar; coarmator ~ payment - plat partial; acont ~ performance - ndeplinire partial (a obligaiilor contractuale, fapt care
atest existena contractului)

- -time employment / job - serviciu cu produs redus ~ -time worker - muncitor cu program redus / norm parial; omer partial ~ truckload - vagon incomplet ~ - truckload consignment - transport nevagonabil (cu vagon incomplet) partial adj. parial ~ delivery - livrare parial ~ loss - (asig.) pierdere paial

220

PAR-PAS

~ payment - plat partial; acont participating adj. participant ~ bond - obligaiune participant (la
benefici)

~ insurance - (SUA) asigurare mutual ~ policy - poli de asigurare cu participare (la benefici) ~ preference shares - aciuni prefereniale de participare participation s. participare; participaie ~ account - cont de participaie ~ loans - credite sindicalizate (ofert de fonduri fcut de mai multe bnci pentru a susine un credit mare) participator s. participant particular s. detaliu; caracteristic; specificatie adj. particular, special ~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie particular ~ partnership - societate n participaie ~ power - procur special ~ s of sale - caiet de sarcini particularize v.t. a specifica partner s. 1. partener, asociat 2. (dr.) parte v.t. a se asocia cu partnership s. 1. calitate de asociat/ partener; asociere, participare 2. participaie (form de asociere) ~ at will - asociere fr contract ~ capital - capital social ~ deed - contract de asociere/societate ~ firm - societate n nume colectiv ~ limited by shares - societate n comandid pe aciuni ~ share - participaie a asociailor, cot-parte la o asociaie to enter into ~ with smb. - a se asocia cu cineva

to take smb. into ~ - a lua pe cineva ca asociat party s. (dr.) parte ~ at fault - parte n culp ~ concerned - parte interesat ~ entitled - parte n drept ~ to a case - parte n cauz ~ to a contract - parte la contract ~ to a dispute - parte n litigiu pass s. 1. permis (de liber trecere), autorizaie; legitimaie 2. pas de navigatie, enal navigabil v.t. 1. a pune n circulaie (bani) 2. a vota (iin proiect de lege) 3. a trece (vama) 4. a pronuna (o sentin) v.i. 1. a face o nregistrare, a trece (n cont etc.) 2. a circula, a fi valabil (despre bani etc.) 3. a fi votat (despre un proiect de lege) ~ of goods - autorizaie / permis de ridicare a mrfurilor passable adj. 1. carosabil; navigabil 2. (fin.) n circulatie passage s. 1. trecere, pasaj; coridor 2. voiaj, cltorie; traversare (pe mare sau cu avionut) 3. transbordare 4. votare, aprobare (a unui proiect de lege) ~ boat - bac ~ days - (mar.) zile de traversad ~ home - cltorie de napoiere (a navei comerciale) ~ out - cltorie de ducere {a navei comerciale) passbook s. L livret de banc, camet de economii 2. registru de marf (luat pe credit) passenger s. pasager, cltor ~ aircraft / plane - avion de pasageri ~ and cargo ship - nav mixt (cltori i marfa) ~ and goods train - tren mixt (cltori i marja)

PAS-PAW

221

~ boat/carrier/ship/vessel - nav de
pasageri

~ list/manifest - list/manifest de pasageri (mharcai pe o nav sau ntr-un avion) ~ mile - pasager-mil (unitate de transport) ~ rates - tarifpentru cltori ~ shipping - transport de pasageri (pe mare) ~ service/transport - transport de pasageri ~ station - gar de cltori ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor de pasageri ~ traffc - trafic de pasageri ~ train - tren de cltori ~ vehicle - autoturism, autovehicul de cltori passive adj. pasiv ~ balance - bilan pasiv / deficitar ~ bond - obligaiune pasiv (fr
dobnda)

~ commerce - (mar.} comert pasiv (transport al mrfurilor de export cu navele altei r) ~ debts - datorii pasive ~ income - venit pasiv ~ income generator - generator de venit pasiv ~ trade balance - balan comercial pasiv / deficitar ~ trust - mputemicire pasiv (m care mandatarul nu are nici o sarcin
activ)

passport s. paaport past adj. trecut; anterior ~ consideration - (dr.) compensatie anterioar ~ - due bill - cambie cu scadena depit

~ year - (fin.) exerciiu trecut patent s. brevet, patent adj. brevetat, patentat v.t. a breveta, a patenta ~ agent - agent pentru brevete ~ coverage - protecie prin brevetare ~ documents - literatur de brevete de invenii ~ fees / tax - tax de brevet ~ infringement - nclcare a drepturilor de brevet ~ law - legea brevetelor ~ letter - certificat de inventator ~ licence - autorizatie de brevet ~ life / period - termen de valabilitate a brevetului ~ office - oficiu de brevete ~ owner - titular al unui brevet ~ pool - cartel pentru schimbul de licene asupra brevetelor de inventie ~ rights - drepturi de brevet ~ specification - descrierea brevetului to apply for a ~ - a cere un brevet to be issued a ~ - a i se acorda un brevet to work a ~ - a exploata un brevet patentable adj. brevetabil patentee s. titular al unui brevet / patent patrimony s. (dr.) patrimoniu pattern s. 1. model; mostr, eantion 2. structur ~ book - caiet cu mostre ~ of prices - structur a preurilor pauperism s. pauperism, srcie extrem pauperization s. pauperizare, srcie pauperize v.t. a pauperiza, a srci pawn s. amanet, gaj; garantie v.t. a amaneta, a pune gaj pawnable adj. care poate fi amanetat pawnage s. amanetare

222

PAW-PAY

pawnbroker s. proprietar al unei case de amanet; cmtar, cel ce d mprumut pe gaj pawnee v. pawnbroker pawner . amanetator, cel ce d n gaj pawnshop s. cas de amanet, mimte de pietate pay s. plat; salariu; sold; onorariu; indemnizaie; dium adj. 1. productiv (despre zcminte, terenuri) 2. cu plat (despre aparate, mecanisme) v.t. 1. a plti, a achita 2. (back) a rambursa, a restitui 3. (down) a plti n numerar / pe loc 4. (in) a plti n cont curent 5. (off) a plti/a achita integral; a amortiza 6. (out) a plti / a achita n rate mici 7. (over) a plti mai mult (cu o anumit sum); a plti, a achita 8. (up) a lichida o datorie; a plti, a achita (la timp) v.i. 1. a plti 2. a aduce profit, a fi profitabil 3. (in) a plti cotizaiile regulat 4. (into) a plti n (cont curent) ~ as you earn - impozitare la surs a venitului ~ as you go - plat pe msura efecturii operaiilor sau din ncasrile curente ~ cash - plata n numerar (formul pe
un cec)

~ zone - zon (petrolifer) productiv payability s. (dr.) exigibilitate payable adj. 1. pltibil 2. productiv (despre zcminte, terenuri) 3. (dr.) exigibil ~ area - arie / zon (petroifer) productiv ~ as per endorsement - pltibil prin andosare ~ at maturity - pltibil la scaden ~ at sight - pltibil la vedere ~ by instalments - pltibil n rate ~ in advance - pltibil cu anticipaie ~ net cash - pltibil n numerar fr reducere ~ on delivery - pltibil la livrare ~ on demand - pltibil la cerere ~ on presentation - pltibil la prezentare ~ to bearer - pltibil la purttor ~ to order - pltibil la ordin paycheck s. (SUA) salariu pltit prin
cec

payday s. 1. (bur.) zi de lichidare 2. zi de plat (a salariului) payee ^. beneficiar, primitor {al unei pli, al unui efect de comerf) payer s. pltitor paygate s. turnichet (care funcioneaz
dupd plata taxei, introducerea cartelei)

~ desk - cas, casierie ~ freeze - ngheare a salariilor ~ gravel - zcmnt aluvionar cu coninut industrial de aur ~ offce - casierie, birou de pli ~ order issued - ordonanare de pli ~ rise - spor de salariu ~ scales - grile de salarizare . ~ television - televiziune cu tax / abonament ~ - through securities - titluri de valoare emise n baza creditelor ipotecare

paying adj. 1. care pltete; de plat 2. rentabil, profitabil ~ agent - domiciliatar (al unei cambii) ~ capacity - solvabilitate, posibilitate de plat ~ deadweight - (mar.) capacitate de ncrcare net / util ~ offce - casierie, birou de pli payload s. sarcin util / comercial; capacitate util paymaster s. casier

PAY-PED

223

~ general - casier-ef; ef al serviciului financiar paymastership s. funcie de casier payment s. plat; vrsmnt ~ after delivery - plat dup livrare ~ against documents - plat contra documente ~ at sight - plat la vedere ~ by instalments - plat n rate ~ by results - plat n funcie de producia realizat ~ by transfer - plat prin virament ~ countermanded - plat contramandat ~ for honour / supra protest - plat pentru onoare / sub protest (a unei cambii) ~ forward - plat contra ramburs ~ in advance / anticipation - plat anticipat ~ in arrear - plat restant ~ in cash / specie - plat n numerar ~ in driblets - plat fracionat ~ in due course - plat la termenul cuvenit ~ in full - plat integral ~ in kind - plat n natur ~ in part - plat partial ~ media - mijloace de plat ~ of balance - plat a soldului ~ on account - plat parial (a unei
datori)

~s received - pli primite ~ terms - (com.) condiii de plat ~ unit - unitate de plat payoff^. plat, retribuie; amortizare paypacket s. plic cu salariul n numerar (incluznd i fia de calctil a acestuid) payroll s. stat de salarii ~ clerk - functionar nsrcinat cu plata i evidena salariilor ~ deduction insurance - asigurare de via cu prime achitate / reinute din salariu payslip s. fi de calcul (net) al salariului {care nsoete plata
acestuid)

peaceful adj. panic ~ picketing - pichetare panic (de

ctre grevit) peak s. vrf

~ effciency - randament maxim; productivitate maxim ~ hours - ore de vrf ~ load - sarcin / ncrctur maxim ~ output - productie maxim ~ value - valoare maxim ~ year - an-record / de vrf peck s. peck (unitate de msur pentru
capacitate)

~ order - ordin de plat ~ patterns approach - abordare bazat pe scheme de plat (metod de monitorizare a creanelor, n care efeetele comerciale de primit sunt legate de vnzrile din luna de origine) ~ record - eviden a plilor (la un credif) ~(s) agreement - acord de pli

peculate v.t. a delapida, a detuma (fonduri publice) v.i. a defrauda statul peculator s. delapidator, defraudator pecuniary adj. 1. pecuniar, bnesc; financiar 2. pasibil de amend peddle v.t. a face comert ambulant cu v.'. a face comer ambulant peddler v. pedlar peddlery v. pedlary pedlar s. vnztor ambulant

224

PED-PER

pedlary s. 1. comert ambulant (de mruniur} 2. marf a negustorului ambulant peg s. curs de schimb susinut (de guvem) v.t. a susine, a stabiliza (piaa, preuri etc.) penal adj. penal ~ code - cod penal penalize v.t. a penaliza penalty 5. penalizare; daun penalizatoare; daune - interese ~ cargo - caric/ncrctur cu penalizare ~ clause - clauz de daune - interese dockage - penalizare pentru folosirea danei peste termenul stabilit ~ for nonperformance of contract -daune contractuale ~ interest - dobnd penalizatoare penetration s. penetrare ~ strategy strategie de penetrare (pe o pia) penny s. penny, peni (moned divizionar englez) ~ bank - banc / cas de economii (care accept depuneri mici} ~ -in-the-slot machine - distribuitor automat ~ stock - (SUA) titlu de valoare vndut la pre sczut (pentru mai puin de un dolar) pennyweight 5. pennyweight (unitate de msnr pentru greutate) pension s. pensie v.t. a pensiona; a acorda o pensie ~ fund fond de pensii ~ scheme - plan de pensii to grant a ~ to smb. - a pensiona pe cineva pensionable adj. 1. de pensie/pensio-nare {despre vrsta) 2. care are dreptul

la pensionare (despre persoane) 3. susceptibil de reinere pentru pensie

(despre venituri)

~ age - vrst de pensionare ~ emoluments - ctiguri supuse reinerilor pentru pensie ~ service - ani de munc (socotii la calcularea pensiei) pensionary s. pensionar adj. 1. de pensie 2. pensionat pensioner s. pensionar pent-up adj. controlat, reinut ~ demand - cerere controlat ~ inflation - inflaie controlat penury adj. penurie perprep. 1. pe; per 2. prin, cu ~ annum - pe an ~ capita - pe cap de om, de persoan ~ cent - la sut contra - (cont.) trecut pe contrapagin ~ day / diem - pe zi ~ manhour - pe om-or ~ medio - (bur.) cu lichidare la mijlocul lunii ~ messenger - prin curier ~ month / mensem - pe lun ~ post - cu pota ~ procuration / procurationem - prin procur ~ ton - pe ton ~ ultimo - (bur.) cu lichidare la sfritul lunii ~ weather working day - pe zi lucrtoare, n msura n care starea timpului o permite percentage s. procentaj; procente ~ analysis - analiz procentual ~ contributions - cote procentuale ~ of sales method - (cont.) metoda procentului din vnzri (inetod de

PER

previziune a nevoilor financiare prin exprimarea diferiteor posturi de bilan ca procent din vnzri i apoi nmulirea acestor procentaje cu vnzrile viitoare estimate pentru a realiza bilanuri pro foriia) perch s. prjin (ynitate de msur pentru lungime) perfect adj. 1. perfect, ireproabil; complet, intact 2. corect, exact v.t. 1. a perfeciona, a mbunti 2. a finaliza, a executa ~ competition - concuren perfect ~ entry - declaraie vamal definitiv ~ hedge - (bur., fin.) asigurare perfect mpotriva riscurilor ~ market - pia perfect (cu competiie perfect) ~ monopoly - monopol perfect / total ~ quality - calitate ireproabil ~ ream - top (de hrtie) perform v.t. a executa, a ndepiini (un contract, o obligaie etc.) performance s. 1. executare, ndeplinire (a unui contract, a unei obligaii etc.) 1. productivitate, randament ~ appraisal - apreciere a capacittii (unui salariat); apreciere a execuiei ~ bond - scrisoare de garanie bancar de executare (a contractului) ~ fund - fond mutual cu investiii pe termen scurt ~ guarantee - garanie de executare (a contractului) ~ index - indice de calitate ~ related pay - retribuie n funcie de performane ~ standard - standard de performan; standard de operare (controlul utilizdrii terenurilor industriale)

~ test - prob de exploatare / funcionare peril s. pericol; risc ~ point - (SUA) punct periculos (sub care reducerea tarifelor vamale la import prejudiciaz economia naional) ~s of the sea clause - (asig. mar.) clauza pericolelor mrii period s. perioad, durat, tennen ~ bill - cambie la termen
~ costs - costuri fixe

~ of service - durat de exploatare ~ under review - (fin.) perioad analizat, exerciiu trecut periodical adj. periodic; ciclic s. publicaie periodic ~ increment - cretere periodic ~ inventory - (cont.) inventar periodic ~ payments - pli periodice peripheral adj. periferic ~ service - serviciu periferic (care este oferit pe lng serviciile bancare de bazfr comision) ~ workers - (man.) muncitori periferici (mutai n interes de serviciu) perishable adj. perisabil, alterabil s. pl. mrfuri perisabile ~ goods / freight - mrfuri perisabile ~ traffc - trafic de mrftiri perisabile permanent adj. pennanent ~ address - adres pennanent ~ assets - active imobilizate, capital fix ~ customer - client permanent ~ debt - datorie consolidat ~ employees - salariai permaneni ~ income - venit permanent ~ investment - investiie pe termen lung ~ loan - mprumut consolidat

226

PER

~ medium - moned stabil; valut forte ~ output - producie continu ~ residence - domiciliu stabil permissible adj. admisibil, pennis ~ draft / draught - (mar.) pescaj admisibil ~ load - ncrctur permis permit ^. 1. permis, licen 2. autorizaie de liber circulaie (pentru marfa) v.. a permite, a autoriza ~ for home consumption - certificat de scutire de vam pentru o marfa de consum intem to take out a ~ - a obtine un permis / o licen perpetual adj. perpetuu; permanent ~ annuity - anuitate perpetu ~ bond - obligaiune perpetu ~ inventory - (cont.) inventar permanent (meninut la zi)

~ credit - credit personal (reputaia

unei persoane care i permite s obn mrfuripe credit)

~ equity plan - plan personal de investiii (m titluri de valoare) ~ estate / property - proprietate mobiliar ~ income tax - impozit asupra venitului personal ~ identification number - cod personal de identificare (al clientului
unei bnc)

~ investment - investiie personal/

financiar {investiie n valori mobiliare)

~ order - comand permanent (pentru aceeai mrfur) perpetuity 5'. 1. (fin.) perpetuitate (flux de pli viitoare egale estimat s continue venic) 2. (dr.) posesiune pe termen nelimitat perquisite s. 1. ctig suplimentar; ctig ntmpltor 2. indemnizaie special 3. beneficiu marginal; baci personal adj. 1. personal; particular, privat 2. (fifr.) mobiliar ~ accident and sickness insurance asigurare de persoane contra accidentelor i bolilor ~ accounts - (cont.) conturi personale ~ allowance / relief - reducere a procentului de impozitare ~ assets - active mobiliare ~ cheque - cec personal (al unei persoane fizice)

~ liability insurance - asigurare de rspundere personal ~ loan - mpmmut personal (acordat de o bancfr garani) ~ sector - sector privat (fn economie) ~ security - garanie personal; garanie mobiliar ~ shares - aciuni nominale personalty s. (dr.) proprietate mobili-ar, avere mobiliar personnel s. personal, efectiv, salariai ~ agency - oficiu de plasare a fortei de munc ~ department - serviciu de personal ~ director/manager - ef al serviciului de personal ~ files /records - dosare (individuale) ale salariailor management managementul resurselor umane ~ plans - programe ale salariatilor ~ policy - politic n materie de personal (a uneifirme) ~ specification - fia salariatului (de studii, experien, calificare etc.)

PER-PIE

227

persuasibility s. capacitate de a se lsa convins (de o reclam) persuasive adj. persuasiv ~ advertising - publicitate persuasiv petition s. petiie; cerere v.t. a nainta o petiie / cerere ctre sau pentru v.i. a face o cerere, a nainta o petiie ~ for respite - cerere de amnare (a pli) ~ in bankruptcy - cerere de declarare n stare de faliment to fle one's ~ in bankruptcy - a se declara n. stare de faliment petitioner s. 1. petiionar; solicitant 2. (dr.) reclamant petrocurrency s. petrovalut petrodollars s. petrodolari petrol s. benzin; gazolin ~ bulk lorry - camion-cistem de benzin ~ carrier - petrolier de benzin ~ -filling station - staie de benzin petroleum s. petrol, iei ~ carrier/ship/vessel - petrolier, tanc petrolier ~ crude - iei brut ~ deposit - zcmnt de petrol ~ drilling - foraj de sonde de petrol ~ engineering - tehnologie de prelucrare a petrolului ~ extraction - extracie de petrol ~ fuel oil - combustibil de petrol ~ industry - industria petrolier ~ mineral oil - ulei mineral; petrol lampant ~ naphtha - benzin grea ~ processing - prelucrare a petrolului ~ refinery - rafinrie de petrol ~ refining - rafinare a petrolului ~ (revenue) tax - impozit pe veniturile obinute din comercializarea petrolului

~ spirit - benzin ~ (tank) car - vagon-cistem ~ wharf - chei de petrol petty adj. mrunt, mic; minor s. pl. (cont.) cheltuieli mmnte ~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie minor ~ cash - cas mic; cheltuieli sau ncasri mrunte ~ dealer - negustor cu amnuntul pharmaceutical adj. farmaceutic s. produs farmaceutic, medicament physical adj. fizic ~ assets - active corporale ~ capital -capital fix, mijloace fixe distribution management managementul distribuiei fizice a mrfurilor (ambalaj, transport, depo'zitare etc.) ~ inventory/stocktaking - (cont.) inventar fizic ~ productivity - productivitate a capitalului fix picket s. pichet v.t. a picheta picketing s. pichetare (de ctre grevit) piece s. 1. bucat, parte 2. parcel (de teren) 3. pies 4. moned ~ fabric / goods - mrfuri textile cu metraj m bucat ~ rate system - sistem de munc n acord ~ wage - salarizare pentru munca n acord ~ work - munc n acord to do ~ work (to work by the ~) - a munci n acord piecemeal adv. cu bucata to work ~ - a lucra n acord piecework s. munc n acord ~ rates - tarif pentru munca n acord

228

PIE-PLA

pieceworker s. muncitor cu plata n acord pier s. mol; dig; chei; dan ~ barge - dan plutitoare ~ dues - taxe de cheiaj ~ master - responsabil de chei ~ - to-pier containerization - containerizare "chei la chei" pierage s. tax de cheiaj pilferage s. (asig.) pierderi cauzate de furtul mrfii n timpul transportului; fiirt de marf pilot s. pilot adj. experimental, pilot v.t. apilota ~ licence - brevet de pilot ~ plant - instalaie experimental/pilot ~ production - producie experimentala/pilot ~ study - studiu prealabil / pilot pilotage s. 1. pilotaj, pilotare 2. taxe de pilotaj ~ dues / rates - taxe de pilotaj ~ service - serviciu de pilotaj pint s. pint (unitate de masura pentrit
capacitate)

pipe s. eav, conduct v.t. a transporta prin conduct ~ conduit - tubulatur (pe un petrolier) ~ -line - pipe-line, oleoduc ~ -line run - cantitate de produs transportat prin conduct piscary s. 1. (dr.) drept de pescuit (in ape strine) 2. zon de pescuit pittance x. salariu derizoriu; venituri mici place 5. 1. loc 2. post, funcie; serviciu, ocupaie v.t. 1. a pune, a aeza; a amplasa 2. a numi (intr-un post) 3. a plasa, a investi (bani) 4. a fixa, a stabili (data, locul) 5. a ncheia (un contract) 6. a vinde, a plasa (mrfur}

~ of abode - (dr.) domiciliu ~ of call - loc de escal ~ of delivery - loc de livrare ~ of destination - loc de destinaie ~ of employment / work - loc de munc ~ of origin - loc de origine ~ of payment - loc de plat placement s. 1. punere, aezare; amplasare 2. plasament, investiie placing s. 1. (i pl.) plasare a unei emisiuni de aciuni (aparinnd unei societi cu rspundere limitat care intenioneaz s devin anonim) 2. ncheiere a unui contract de asigurare plaint s. (rfr.) plngere, reclamaie ~ note - not de reclamaie plaintiff s.(dr.) reclamant, parte civil plan s. plan; proiect; schi; diagram v.t. a planifica; a proiecta v.i. a face planuri, a planifica ~ manager - manager al unui plan de beneficii planned adj. planificat ~ economy - economie planificat/ centralizat ~ investment - investiie planificat ~ obsolescence - (com.) planificare a articolelor care se demodeaz uor ~ outage - ntrempere planificat m functionare ~ production - productie planificat ~ unit development - plan de dezvoltare zonal planner s. planificator; proiectant planning s. 1. planificare 2. sistematizare ~ and design work - studiu de proiect ~ horizon - orizont de planificare (pe
5-10 ani)

~ permission - aprobare a cadastrului

PLA-POL

_________________________229

studiu urbanistic/de siste~ survey matizare plant s. 1. plant 2. uzin; fabric 3. utilaj, instalaie; echipament v.t. a planta, a sdi ~ depot / yard - magazie / depozit de materiale i utilaje ~ -hire rate - tarif de nchiriere a utilajelor ~ layout - amplasare a uzinei ~ leasing - nchiriere (pe termen lung) a unei instalaii industriale sau cldiri complet echipate ~ practice - practic n producie; experien practic ~ stock - utilaj, echipament; inventar ~ unit - agregat plantation s. 1. plantaie 2. pl. aciuni ale companiilor care exploateaz plantaii (de tutun, cafea etc.) plastic adj. plastic ~ card - carte de credit ~ money - bani de plastic, mijloc de plat prin cartea de credit plate s. plac, tabl, foaie de metal v.t. a placa {cufoi de metal) ~ mark - marc (la metale prefioase) platform s. 1. platform 2. (c.f.) peron; ramp de ncrcare ~ container - container-platform ~ lorry - camion-platform ~ truck / waggon - vagon-platform player s. speculant la burs plea s. (dr.) pledoarie; argument ~ of nullity - argument pentru declararea nulitii (unui contract) pleasure 5'. plcere, agrement ~ boat / ship - nav de agrement ~ trip - cltorie turistic/de agrement pledge s. gaj, garanie v.t. a pune n gaj, a da ca garanie

~ of movables - garanie mobiliar ~ of real property - garanie imobilar to redeem a ~ - a scoate din gaj pledgee s. creditor gajist pledger v. pledgor pledgor s. debitor gajist plenary adj. plenar (despre edine, adunr) plenipotentiary adj. plenipotentiar, cu puteri depline s. ambasador plenipoteniar plot s. lot/parcel de teren v.t. a parcela plotting 5'. parcelare plough 5'. 1. plug 2. artur v.t. 1. a ara 2. (back) a reinvesti profitul ~ land - pmnt arabil; teren cultivat ploughman s. plugar; muncitor agricol plutocracy s. plutocraie poach v.t. 1. a acapara; a obine (in mod ilegal) 2. a nclca (proprietatea
cuiva)

pole s. prjin (unitate de msur pentru lungime) policy s. 1. politic 2. poli (de asigurare) ~ of deflation - politic deflaionist ~ of inflation - politic inflaionist ~ of insurance - poli de asigurare ~ of retrenchment - politic de economie / restricii bugetare ~ proof of interest - (asig. mar.) poli de onoare / far obiect asigurat reserves of life insurance companies - rezerve de polie ale societilor de asigurri de via (pri-mele acumulae sub forma depozitelor deintorului de prime de asigurare) policyholder s. titular al unei polie de asigurare political adj. politic ~ economy economie politic

230

POL-POR

~ risk analysis - analiza riscului politic (evalua de un investitor, referitor la politica guvernamental a unui stat) ~ uncertainty - instabilitate politic poll s. 1. list electoral; electorat 2. alegeri; votare 3. sondare a opiniei publice; sondaj electoral v.t. 1. a efectua alegeri n, a cere votul (unei regiuni) 2. a obine (yoturi) v.i. a vota, a-i da votul ~ tax - capitaie, impozit pe cap de locuitor polling s. 1. alegeri; votare 2. sondare a opiniei publice; sondaj electoral ~ station - secie de votare pollute v.t. a polua pollution s. poluare control bond - obligaiune (municipala) emis pentru finanarea controlului polurii aerului i a apei pool s. 1. fond comun 2. cartel, trust, pool 3. pronosport v.t. a comasa (benficii, fonduri, interese, riscur) v.i. a forma un cartel pooling s. 1. comasare (de beneficii, fonduri, interese, riscur) 2. formare a unui cartel ~ of interests - combinarea intereselor (metod contabil pentru combinarea situaiilor contabile a dou firme care fuzioneaz) poor adj. srac 2. nefertil, neproductiv (despre sol); slab, insuficient (despre recolt etc.) 3. nesatisfctor, necorespunztor; inferior (despre calitate) 4. mic, redus, modest (despre venituri, benefici) popular adj. 1. popular, cutat (despre unprodus) 2. accesibil (despre preuri) population s. populaie

~ census - recensmnt al populaiei port s. port ~ agency - agenie portuar ~ area - zon portuar ~ authorities - autoriti portuare ~ -bound - retinut n port (despre o nav) ~ capacity - capacitate de operare a portului ~ call - escal, intrare m port; notificare / avizare de nav "gata de operare" (ncrcare-descrcare) ~ charges / dues / duty - taxe portuare ~ clearance - eliberare a portului/ danelor portuare de mrfurile sosite ~ complex - complex portuar ~ days - zile de stationare n port (a unei nave n exploatare) ~ development - dezvoltare / extindere a portului ~ differential - tarif de navlu difereniat ntre porturi ~ effciency - eficien de operare a portului ~ equipment - utilaj portuar ~ facilities - instalaii portuare ~ mark - marc de port (pentru mrfuri) ~ of adjudication - port destinat navelor reinute pentm contraband ~ of arrival - port de sosire ~ of call - port de escal ~ of delivery - port de predare (a mrfi) ~ of departure / sailing - port de plecare ~ of destination - port de destinaie ~ of discharge - port de descrcare ~ of distress / necessity / refuge - port de refugiu ~ of embarkation - port de mbarcare

POR-POS

231

~ of entry - port de intrare / sosire; port vamal / de import ~ of intake / loading / shipment - port de ncrcare ~ of reference - port principal / de referin (pentru calculul mareei) ~ of registry - port de nregistrare / nmatriculare (a nave) ~ of transit - port de tranzit ~ of transshipment - port de transbordare ~ offce - direcie portuar ~ pay - retribuie (a echipajului) pentru timpul de staionare n port ~ personnel - personal portuar ~ policy - poli de asigurare n port ~ rates - taxe vamale portuare ~ regulations - regulament al portului '- risk policy - poli de asigurare pentru riscurile de port ~ shipping register - registru portuar de eviden a mrfurilor ncrcate ~ speed - vitez / celeritate / norm de operare a portului ~ terminal - terminal portuar ~ work - operaie portuar (incrcare, descrcare, transbordare) portability s. portabilitate (a planurilor de pensii) portable adj. portabil ~ pension - pensie la purttor portage s. 1. transport; cruie 2. taxe de transport; (c.f.) fraht; (mar.) navlu 3. transbordare de mrfuri sau vase mici de pe un ru pe altul; zon ntre dou ruri folosit n acest scop 4. salariu al marinarilor pe durata staionrii vasului n port v.t. a transporta / a transborda de pe un ru pe altul porter s. hamal; docher

porterage s. 1. manipulare (de mrfuri), hamalc 2. plat a hamalului / docherului portfolio s. 1. serviet, map 2. (fin.) portofoliu ~ analysis - analiz de portofoliu ~ investments - investiii de portofoliu ~ management - management de portofoliu position s. poziie (pe pia sub forma contractelor jdr acoperire) ~ building - (bur.) constmire a unei poziii (prin cumprarea treptat de aciuni pentru a evita creterea brusc a preului lor) possess v.t. a poseda, a avea n posesiune / proprietate possession s. 1. posesie, posesiune 2. pl. proprietate, posesiune; avere to come/to enter into ~ of a property - a intra n posesia unui bun to give ~ of sth. - a da ceva n posesie possessor s. posesor; proprietar possessory adj. de posesie / proprietate ~ lien - drept de retenie {dreptui creditorului de a pstra o proprietate a debitorului restantpn cnd acesta i achit ntreaga datorie) post s. 1. pot, oficiu potal 2. pot, coresponden 3. post, funcie; serviciu v.t. 1. a expedia (prin pot) 2. (cont.) a transcrie (in cartea mare) ~ code - cod potal ~ -free - franco, scutit de taxe potale ~ offce - oficiu potal ~ -offce box - csu potal ~ -offce order - mandat potal ~ -office receipt - recipis potal ~ -office savings bank - cas de economii la oficiul potal postage s. tarifpotal; francare

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POS-PRA

~ book - registru de eviden a francrii ~ included - inclusiv costul expedierii prin pot ~ paid - francat ~ rates - tarifpotal ~ stamp - timbm potal postal adj. potal ~ address - adres potal ~ card - carte potal ~ charges - cheltuieh potale/de expe-diere prin pot ~ franking machine - main potal de francat ~ giro - serviciu potal de transfer giro ~ order - mandat potal ~ rates / tariff tarifpotal ~ receipt - recipis potal ~ service - serviciu potal; pot ~ trade comert prin pot ~ union - uniune potal postdate v.t. a postdata postentry s. 1. (cont.) nregistrare ulterioar 2. declaraie (vama) suplimentar poster s. poster, afi ~ advertising - publicitate prin postere posthaste adv. expres (despre scrisor) postman s. pota, factor potal postmark s. tampil potal v.t. a tampila {scrisori etc.) postmaster s. diriginte de pot postpaid adj., adv. francat potential adj. potential ~ customer - client potenial ~ market - pia potenial, debueu potenial pottery s. 1. olrie; ceramic 2. olrie (atelier, fabric) ~ industry - industria ceramic ~ ware - produse de olrie

poulterer s. negustor de psri de curte poultry s. 1. psri de curte 2. came de pasre de curte ~ farm - ferm avicol ~ farmer - avicultor ~ farming - avicultur pound s. 1. livr, funt, pfund, (unitate de msur pentru greutate) 1. lir ster-lin 3. lir v.i. (la monetrie) a verifica greutatea monedelor ~ -foolish - neglijare a administrrii sumelor mari de bani (ca rezultat al preocuprii excesive pentru fondurile mic) ~ sterling - lir sterlin poundage s. 1. greutate n livre 2. tax (yamal etc.) pe livr 3. procent calcu-lat pe lir sterlin (la salarii, profituri ec.) poverty s. srcie ~ level / line - prag de srcie ~ trap - capcana srciei (situaie n care se afl o persoan cu venituri mici, al crei ajutor social e diminuat nfuncie de ctigul obinut din munca siiplimentar i care nu are stimulente pentru a munci) power s. 1. putere, energie 2. autoritate; control 3. mputemicire, mandat ~ of attorney - procur ~ of sale - drept de vnzare (dreptul executorului testamentar de a vinde o parte din masa succesora) ~ plant - central electric practical adj. 1. practic; util, folositor 2. de drept ~ owner - proprietar de drept practice s. 1. practic 2. practicare, profesare, exercitare (a unei profesi) 3.

PRA-PRE

233

clientel (de medic sau avocat) 4. metod, procedeu 5. uzan ~ s of trade - uzane comerciale the ~ of the courts - (dr.) jurispruden practise v.t. 1. a practica, a profesa, a exercita (o profesie) v.i. a practica, a profesa practitioner s. 1. medic sau avocat practicant 2. practician; profesionist, specialist precalculated adj. antecalculat ~ cost price - pre de cost antecalculat precapitalistic adj. precapitalist precast adj. prefabricat (din beton) ~ unit - element prefabricat din beton precautionary adj. preventiv ~ balance - sold de numerar preventiv
(numerar pstrat pentm cheltuieli neprevzute)

precept s. ordin de plat (emis de o

persoan mputernicita)

precontract s. precontract predatory adj. acaparator ~ pricing - stabilire de preuri

acaparatoare (preuri sczute iniial pentru eliminarea concurenei i instituirea monopolului)

preempt v.t. 1. a ocupa (teren) pentru a dobndi dreptul de preempiune 2. a cumpra naintea altora; a lua n posesie naintea altora preemption s. (dr.) drept de preempiune preemptive adj. preemptiv bid - ofert avantajoas de cumprare (pentru descurajarea altor ofertani) ~ patenting - brevetare de blocare (brevetarea unui produs sau a unui

proces tehnologic cu scopul de a-l face inaccesibil concurenei) ~ right - drept de preemiune (clauz din contractul de societate i stalut care d acionarilor comuni dreptul de a cumpra proporional noi emisiuni de aciuni comune sau titluri de valoare convertibile n aciuni comune) prefabricate v.t. a prefabrica prefer v.t. 1. a prefera 2. a avansa, a promova (in servicui) 3. a nainta (o cerere, o plngere); a formula (o revendicare) preference s. 1. preferin 2. drept de prioritate; regim preferenial ~ capital capital al unei companii emis sub form de aciuni prefereniale -' shares - aciuni prefereniale ~ shareholder - acionar deintor de aciuni prefereniale preferential adj. preferenial; privile-giat ~ claim - privilegiu ~ creditor - creditor preferenial (ale crui creane sunt rambursate prioritar n caz de faliment) ~ debt - datorie preferenial (pltit integral, n caz de faliment, naintea altor datorii} ~ duty / tariff - tax / tarif vamal() preferenial() (la import) ~ payments (dr.) pli prefereniale (efectuate din averea unuifalit) ~ right - drept preferenial ~ shares - aciuni prefereniale (cu plata prioritar a dividendelor) ~ shop - ntreprindere care acord tratament preferenial (membrior de sindicat) ~ terms condiii prefereniale preferentialism s. sistem preferenial

234

PRE

preferment s. 1. avansare, promovare (n serviciu) 1. funcie superioar preferred v. preferential prejudice s. prejudiciu, pagub, daun v.t. a prejudicia, a cauza prejudicii preliminary adj. preliminar ~ design / plan / project - anteproiect ~ entry - declaraie vamal prelimi-nar ~ expenses - cheltuieli preliminare / de mfnnare (a unei societi)
~ hearing - audiere preliminar

~ work - lucrare pregtitoare premise s. 1. premis, punct de plecare

2. pl. (dr.) puncte sus-mentionate 3. pl.

(dr.) parte introductiv (a unui document) 4. pl. cladire, imobil (cu teren, instalaii etc.) premium s. 1. premiu, prim (de asigurare etc.) 2. (fin.) agio 3. tax de ucenicie ~ bonus - prim pentru economisirea timpului de lucru ~ for the call - (bur.) prim direct / pentru opiune de cumprare ~ for the put - (bur.) prim invers / pentm optiune de vnzare ~ on an issue / on shares - prim de emisiune a actiunilor ~ on gold - (fin.) agio asupra aurului ~ on redemption - prim de rambursare ~ pay - prim de stimulare ~ (savings) bond - obligaiune cu premii prin tragere la sori ~ wage system - sistem de salarizare cu prim preowned adj. de ocazie, la mna a doua prepack v. prepackage prepackage v.t. a preambala

prepay v.t. 1. a plti anticipat 2. a franca prepayment s. 1. plat anticipat 2. francare ~ privilege - privilegiu de plat anticipat (a unei datorii nainte de scadena) present adj. 1. prezent; actual 2. pre-zent, de fa s. 1. prezent; actualitate 2. cadou, dar v.t. a prezenta, a-i da (demisio), a prezenta, a depune (o cerere, un document etc.) ~ capital - capital disponibil ~ -day - actual, prezent ~ goods - mrfuri disponibile ~ month - lun curent ~ value / worth valoare actual ~ value method - metod de estimare la valoarea actual (a unei investiii) presentation s. prezentare (a unui efect de comer) ~ draft - trat la vedere president s. preedinte (al unei societ); director general press s. 1. pres; ziare 2. tipografe, imprimerie ~ advertising campaign - campanie de publicitate n pres ~ agency - agenie de pres / tiri ~ agent - agent de pres ~ conference - conferin de pres pressure s. 1. presiune, constrngere 2. greuti, dificulti (financiare, economice) ~ of demand - presiune a cererii ~ of taxation - sarcin / povar a impozitelor presume v.t. a presupune, a prezuma presumption s. prezumpie ~ of fact - (dr.) prezumpie de fapt ~ of law - (dr.) prezumpie legal presumptive adj. prezumptiv

PRE-PRI

235

~ heir - (dr.) motenitor prezumptiv ~ total loss - (asig.) pierdere total prezumat previous adj. anterior, precedent, prealabil ~ agreement - acord prealabil ~ design / project - anteproiect ~ endorser - andosator precedent ~ holder - titular precedent (al unor titluri de valoare) ~ quotation - (bur.) cotare anterioar price s. 1. pre, cost; valoare 2. (bur.) curs, cotaie v.t. 1. a fixa preul; a evalua, a estima 2. (out of) a cere un pre exagerat pentru ~ advance - majorare a preurilor ~ asked - pre cerut ~ boom - explozie a preurilor ~ ceiling - plafon al preurilor ~ clause - clauza preului ~ control - control al preurilor ~ current - mercurial, list de preuri ~ cutting - reducere a preurilor ~ determination - stabilire a preurilor ~ discretion - fixare a preurilor la discreie (de ctre intermediar) ~ discrimination - preuri difereniate ~ -earnings ratio - coeficient de capitalizare bursier (raportul dintre preul unei societi la burs i beneficiile ei) ~ effect - efect al preurilor ~ elasticity / sensitivity - elasticitate a preurilor ~ elasticity of demand - elasticitate a preului la cerere ~ elasticity of supply - elasticitate a preului la ofert ~ fxing - fixare a preurilor ~ floor - nivel minim al unui pre (controlat)

~ fluctuation/movement/wave - fluctuaie a preurilor ~ freeze/freezing - ngheare a preurilor ~ index - indice al preurilor ~ leader - lider de pre (firma care, acionnd ntr-un anumit domeniu, are iniiativa stabilirii preurilor) ~ leadership - fxare a preului n funcie de preul director ~ legislation - legislaia preurilor ~ level - nivel al preurilor ~ list - list de preuri, tarif ~ maker - cel care face preul ~ mechanism - mecanism al preurilor ~ of money - rat a scontului ~ -output policy - politic bazat pe raportul pre-producie ~ pattern/structure - structur a preurilor ~ quotation - (bur.) cotaie ~ reduction - reducere a preurilor ~ regulation - reglementare a preurilor ~ ring - coaliie a comercianilor pentru fixarea unor preuri (evitnd astfel concurena) ~ sensitive - sensibil n termeni de pre ~ shading - reducere mic/nesemnificativ a preurilor ~ stability - stabilitate a preurilor ~ stabilization - stabilizare a preurilor ~ support - subvenionare a preurilor ~ tag / ticket - etichet cu preul ~ taker - cel care preia preul ~ theory - teoria preurilor ~ war - rzboi al preurilor ~ s afloat - (mar.) preuri ale mrfurilor n expediie priced adj. cu indicarea preului, cu preul marcat; tarifat, evaluat

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pricing s. fixare / stabilire a preului; evaluare ~ policy - politica preurilor ~ procedure - metod de determinare a preurilor primage s. (mar.) 1. cap 2. supliment la navlu pentru folosirea mijloacelor bordului ~ and average accustomed - cap i avarie conform uzanelor (clauz de
conosament)

primary adj. 1. primar, iniial 2. principal, fundamental ~ accumulation - acumulare primar / iniial ~ advertising - publicitate primar (reclam pentru un produs far precizarea mrci) ~ debtor - debitor principal ~ goods - mrfuri / produse de baz ~ industry - industria primar (care extrage i adun resursele natnrale prin activiti cum ar fi mineritul,
agricultura etc.)

~ issue - emisiune primar ~ liability - rspundere principal ~ markets - piee primare (pieele pe care sunt tranzacionate pentru prima
oar titlurile de valoare nou emise)

~ product - produs de baz; materie prim ~ production - producie primar / a materiilor prime ~ reserves - rezerve primare (rezerve
bancare care asigur lichiditi imediate, dar nu genereaz venitur)

~ resources - resurse de materii prime prime adj. 1. prim, nti 2. de prim calitate, de calitate superioar, excelent ~ bill - cambie de clasa nti ~ bond - obligaiune de clasa nti

~ condition - condiie / stare perfect ~ contractor - antreprenor general ~ cost - cost de producie; pre de fabric ~ entry - declaraie vamal preliminar ~ goods - mrfuri de prima calitate ~ (lending) rate - {fin.) rata dobnzii de baz; rata la creditele n alb acordate debitorilor cei mai solvabili; taxa scontului la cambiile de clasa nti ~ quality - calitate superioar ~ time - or de maxim audien (la radio i televiziune, pentru publicitate) principal adj. principal ^. 1. patron; ef, responsabil 2. (dr.) mandant 3. (dr.) debitor principal 4. capital de baz; capital iniial 5. ordonator (de pli} 6. sum a creditului (la care se calculeaz dobndd) 7. acionar majoritar ~ and agent - mandant i mandatar ~ and charges - totalitate a creanei ~ and interest - capital i dobnzi ~ offce - central (a unei case de comer, a uneifrme etc.) ~ sum - (,asig.) sum principal / total (care este pltit n caz de moarte accidental sau alte accidente majore) print s. 1. publicaie tiprit; tipritur, imprimat 2. tipar 3. estur imprimat, imprimeu v.t. 1. a tipri, a imprima; a publica, a edita 2. a imprima (pnzeturi) v.i 1. a tipri; a publica, a edita 2. a se tipri, a fi sub tipar ~ works - fabric de imprimeuri printable adj. care poate fi tiprit; bun de tipar printed adj. tiprit, imprimat ~ exchanges - buletin bursier (cuprinznd cursurile zilnice)

PRI

237

~ fabric / goods - imprimeuri, estur imprimat ~ form - formular ~ matter / paper - impnmate ~ work - tipritur printer s. 1. tipograf2. lucrtor care se ocup cu imprimarea esturilor 3. imprimant ~ 's error - greeal de tipar ~ 's proof - palt ~ 's ream - top (cantiate de hrtie) printing s. 1. tipar; tiprire 2. imprimare (de pnzeturi) ~ firm/house/office/works - tipografie, ntreprindere poligrafic ~ industry - industria poligrafic ~ plant / works - imprimerie, fabric de imprimat esturi prior adj. anterior, precedent ~ charges - sarcini prioritare (plata prioritar a dividendelor la aciunile prefereniale) ~ claim - cerere de despgubire cu drepturi prioritare; reclamaie anterioar ~ deposits - depozite bancare prealabile (cerute umii importator caform a barierelor comerciale nontarifare) ~ preferred stock - (SUA) titluri de valoare prefereniale (cu plata prioritar a dividendelor) ~ use - utilizare anterioar (a une
invenii brevetate)

priority s. prioritate; privilegiu ~ list - list de prioriti ~ of a creditor - privilegiu al unui creditor ~ of date - prioritate n ceea ce privete data ~ of invention - anterioritate a inveniei

~ of mortgage - privilegiu ipotecar ~ rights - drepturi de prioritate ~ schedule grafic de prioritate private adj. 1. privat, particular; personal 2. care nu deine o funcie public; neoficial ~ account - cont particular ~ arrangement - concordat, acord cu creditorii ~ bill - proiect de lege parlamentar privitor la persoane sau s&cieti particulare ~ brand - marc proprie/de comert (nume de marc atribuit unui produs de ctre un intermediar, de obicei un detailist important) ~ investment - investiie privat ~ law - drept privat ~ (limited) company - societate cu rspundere limitat ~ ownership - (regim de) proprietate particular ~ person - persoan particular, particular ~ placement - plasament privat ~ producer - productor particular ~ property - proprietate particular ~ (rate of) discount - rat de scont neoficial ~ sale - vnzare particular / pe baz de nelegere ~ sector - sector privat (m economie) ~ treaty - contract de vnzare-cumprare (intre dou persoane fizice) privatization s. privatizare privatize v.t. a privatiza privilege s. 1. privilegiu 2. (bur.) tranzactie cu opiune; drept de a efectua tranzacii cu opiune 3. autorizatie, patent 4. imunitate parlamentar v.t. 1.

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a da / a acorda un privilegiu 2. a scuti, a elibera (de o sarcin etc.) ~ leave - concediu cu plat privileged adj. privilegiat ~ creditor - creditor privilegiat (ale crui creane sunt rambursate prioritar
n caz defaliment)

~ debt - datorie privilegiat (pltit

integral, n caz de faliment, naintea altor datori)

privity s. relaii juridice ~ in deed - obligaie contractual ~ in law - obligatie juridic ~ of contract - relaii contractuale directe privy adj. particular, privat, (de uz) personal s. parte interesat, contractant prize s. 1. premiu 2. ctig (la loterie) 3. priz maritim, captur; nav de captur v.t. 1. a evalua, a estima 2. a captura, a lua ca priz ~ bond - obligaiune cu ctiguri ~ bounty - prim de priz ~ court - tribunal de prize ~ money - prim de priz pro prep. pro, pentru ~ forma invoice - factur pro forma 1 de complezen ~ rata freight - (mar.) navlu p ro rata 1 proporional ~ tempore - temporar, provizoriu procedure s. 1. procedeu, metod 2. (dr.) procedur ~ in bankruptcy - procedur de faliment ~ of a court - procedur juridic ~ of customs - procedur vamal, fbrmalitti vamale proceeding s. 1. procedeu; modalitate de a proceda / a aciona 2. tranzacie 3.

pl. (dr.) procedur 4. pl. proces-verbal; dare de seam to institute / to take legal ~s against smb. - a deschide / a intenta proces cuiva proceeds s. pl. sum ncasat (dintr-o vnzare, afacere)', beneficiu, profit process s. 1. proces (tehnologic); operaie, procedeu 2. citaie, somaie; proces v.t. a prelucra, a supune unui procedeu tehnologic; a fabrica ~ chart - diagram a procesului tehnologic ~ costing - (cont.) determinare a costului total al fluxului tehnologic (pentru realizarea unui produs) ~ engineer - inginer tehnolog ~ industry - industria prelucrtoare ~ line - linie tehnologic ~ of manufacture - proces de fabricaie ~ properties - proprieti tehnologice ~ server - aprod processing s. prelucrare ~ department - departament pentm elaborarea proceselor tehnologice ~ float - (fin.) flotaie de procesare (flotaia cauzat de ntrzierile din
momentul cnd firma primete un cec pn cnd l depune la banc)

~ industry - industria prelucrtoare ~ properties - proprieti tehnologice ~ stages - faze / etape de fabricaie ~ tax - impozit asupra prelucrrii industriale a produselor procuration s. 1. administrare / conducere (a afacerilor) prin procur 2. procur; mputemicire, mandat 3. procurare, achizitionare 4. negociere (a
unei mputemicit)

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239

~ fee - comision pltit pentru obinerea/intennedierea unui mpmmut ~ signature - semntur prin procur procurator s. (dr.) procurist, mputemicit, mandatar produce s. 1. produs; produse agricole 2. produs, rezultat v.. 1. a produce, a fabrica 2. a cuitiva, a crete 3. a produce, a aduce (un ctig) 4. a prezenta (acte, documene) v.i. 1. a produce, a fabrica; a cultiva, a crete 2. a produce, a fi productiv, a aduce ctig; a renta, a fi rentabil ~ advances/Ioans - credite pentm plata mrfiirilor achiziionate ~ broker - agent de marfa (la bursa de mrfuri) ~ exchange - burs de mrfuri ~ market - pia de produse producer s. productor, fabricant; fumizor; productor (de filme, spectacole, programe de radio i
televiziune)

~ price index - indicele preurilor productorilor ~ s' boards - comisii ale productorilor/de marketing ~ (s) goods - mijloace de producie; bunuri de investiie producible adj. care poate fi produs / fabricat producing adj. productor, de producie ~ capacity - capacitate de producie ~ centre - centru de producie product s. produs (arificial sau natural); articol, fabricat ~ abandonment/elimination - abandonare/eliminare a produsului (a producerii i a comercializrii acestud)

~ acceptance marketing - marketing pe baza acceptrii produsului (de ctre consumatori) ~ analysis pricing - stabilire a preului pe baza analizei produsului ~ class - clas de produse ~ costing - stabilire a costului de producie al produsului ~ design - concepere/proiectare a produsului ~ development - dezvoltare a gamei sortimentale ~ differentiation - difereniere a produselor ~ diversification - diversificare a produselor ~ engineering - tehnologie de fabricaie a unui produs ~ item - unitate de produs ~ liability - rspundere pentru calitatea produsului (prevzut de legislaia pentru protecia consumatorulu) ~ life cycle - ciclu de via al produsului ~ Une - linie de produse ~ management - managementul produsului ~ market - piaa produsului ~ mix / range - gam sortimental ~ placement test - testare a produsului prin plasare (temporar la un eventual cumprtor') ~ planning - planificare a sortimentului de produse ~ quality - calitate a produsului ~ research - sondare a cerinelor i a gusturilor consumatorilor privitor la un produs ~ strategy - strategie de produs ~ test - testare a produsului production s. producie

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PRO

~ basis - baz de producie ~ bonus - prim de producie ~ budget - buget de producie ~ capacity - capacitate de producie ~ control - organizare i conducere a produciei ~ cost - cost de producie ~ credit association - (SUA) asociaia de credit cooperatist pentru producie ~ department - secie de producie / exploatare ~ estimate - fi tehnologic cu date de timp pentm procesul tehnologic ~ fotces - forte de producie ~ goods - mijloace de producie; bunuri de investiie ~ line - linie de producie ~ management - managementul produciei ~ manager - director de producie ~ - oriented company - companie orientat spre producia realizabil (i nu spre cea cerut) ~ plan / schedule - plan de producie ~ rate - ritm de producie ~ smoothing ~ nivelare a produciei ~ time - timp necesar pentru executarea operaiilor de producie ~ unit - unitate de producie productive adj. 1. productiv; fertil, rodnic (despre sol) 1. rentabil, bnos ~ assets - active productive ~ capacity - capacitate de producie ~ capital - capital productiv ~ debt - datorie (public) productiv (mprumut investit de stat n active productive) ~ equipment - echipament de producie ~ forces - forte de producie ~ investment - investiie productiv

~ potential - potenial de producie ~ rate - productivitate, randament ~ relations - relaii de producie ~ wages - salarii direct productive productivity s. productivitate; rentabilitate ~ agreement - acord de productivitate (intre sindicat i patronat, prin care mririle salariale sunt condiionate' de creterea productiviti) ~ bonus - prim de productivitate deal - acord de mrire a productivitii {n funcie de care se acord i creteri salariale) ~ of labour productivitate a muncii profession s. profesie, meserie, ocupaie professional adj. profesional; profesionist, de profesie / meserie s. expert, specialist, profesionist ~ corporation (SUA) corporaie profesional (care pltete impozite) ~ partnership asociaie profesional/ necomercial ~ practices - uzane ale profesiunii ~ risk risc profesional ~ school - coal de meserii ~ valuation - (cont.) expertiz profe-sional professionalism s. activitate profesio-nal; profesionalism profciency s. competen; experien proficient adj. competent, capabil; calificat profit s. 1. profit, beneficiu, ctig 2. venit net v.t. a fi profitabil pentru v.i. 1. (by) a profita, a beneficia (de) 2. a fi profitabil / avantajos ~ account - cont de beneficii ~ -and-loss account - (cont.) cont de profit i pierderi

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241

~ balance - sold de beneficiu ~ centre - (man.) centru de profit, departament autonom (unitate n interiorul unei organizaii care este responsabil de propriul su profit) ~ -earning capacity - rentabilitate ~ expectations - beneficii scontate ~ forecast - prognoz a profitului ~ margin - (com., cont.) marj de profit ~ maximization - maximizare a profitului ~ mix - structur a produciei (totalitatea tipurilor de produse
realizate de o societate)

profitless adj. care nu aduce profit, nerentabil progress s. progres, dezvoltare v.i. a progresa, a se dezvolta ~ payment - plat progresiv progressive adj. 1. progresiv, treptat 2. progresist ~ assembly/manufacture - asamblare/ productie n flux continuu ~ consumer - consumator progresist (dispus s plteasc preuri mai
ridicate pentru produse mai bune)

~ motive - motivaie a obinerii profitului ~ rate - rat a profitului ~ sharing - participare (a salariailor) la profit ~ squeeze - presiune exercitat asupra beneficiilor; stoarcere a profitului ~ taking - (bur.) obinere de beneficii (prin vnzarea aciunilor al cror curs
a crescut)

~ tax - impozit progresiv ~ wages - salarii progresive prohibit v.t. a prohibi, a interzice prohibition s. prohibire, interzicere; (SUA) prohibiie (a vnzrii buturilor
alcoolice)

to issue / to publish a ~ - a interzice printr-un decret prohibitive adj. prohibitiv ~ duty - tax vamal prohibitiv ~ price - pre prohibitiv / inaccesibil project s. 1. proiect, plan 2. antier de
construcii; obiectiv (industrial) v.t. a

~ tax - impozit pe profit to bring in ~ - a aduce un profit to leave a ~ - a permite / a rezulta un profit to share in the ~s - a participa la beneficii profitability v. profitableness profitable adj. profitabil, avantajos; rentabil profitableness s. caracter profitabil; rentabilitate profiteer s. profitor; speculant v.i. a specula, a face specul proftgraph s. grafic al pragului de rentabilitate

proiecta ~ financing - finanare a proiectelor de investiii ~ management - managementul proiectului proletarian adj., s. proletar proletarianize v.t. a proletariza, a aduce la conditia de proletar proletariat s. proletariat promisee s. beneficiar, persoan care a primit un bilet la ordin; creditor promisor s. persoan care a emis un bilet la ordin; subscriitor, emitent; debitor promissory adj. care conine o promisiune sau o obligaie

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PRO

~ note - bilet la ordin promote v.t. 1. a promova, a sprijini {iniiative, interese etc.) 2. a fonda (o societate) 3. a face reclam (unui produs) 4. a avansa (nfuncie) promoter ^. 1. promotor, iniiator (al unui proiecf) 2. fondator, ntemeietor (a unei societi) ~ 's shares/stock - aciuni de fondator promotion s. 1. promovare, sprijinire (de iniiative, interese etc.) 2. fondare, nfiinare (a unei societ) 3. avansare (n funcie} 4. publicitate, reclam (pentru un produs) ~ expenses - cheltuieli de constituire / nfiinare (a unei societi) ~ man - intennediar ~ matter - material publicitar ~ strategy - strategie de promovare (a
unui produs)

proof s. 1. (dr.) prob; titlu 2. ncercare, prob; verificare, control 3. trie normal (a alcoolului) ~ department - departament de control (unitatea central a unei bnci care verifc toate tranzaciile efectuate) ~ ot debt / indebtedness - (dr.) titlu de crean ~ of delivery - dovad de predare a mrfii ~ of origin - dovad a originii (unui produs) ~ of ownership - titlu de proprietate ~ sheet - palt propensity s. nclinaie (spre un
anumit comportament economic)

~ to consume - nclinaie spre consum ~ to import - nclinaie spre import ~ to invest - nclinaie spre investiie
(in mijloace de prodncie a investitorilor particular}

promotional adj. promoional, de promovare / reclam ~ advertising - publicitate / reclam pentru promovarea unui produs ~ budget - buget promoional (pentru publicitatea unui produs) prompt adj. 1. prompt, imediat 2. n numerar, pein (despre bani)', punctual (despre plat) s. scaden, termen de plat; contract cu scaden ~ cash against documents - numerar contra documente ~ date - scaden, termen de plat ~ day - zi de plat (a mrfurilor cumprate prin licitaie la bursa de
mrfur)

~ delivery - livrare / predare imediat ~ note - not de avizare a scadenei ~ tonnage - (mar.) tonaj disponibil

~ to save - nclinaie spre economie propertied adj. avut, bogat the ~ classes - clasele avute property s. proprietate (funciar, imobiliar)', bunuri, avere ~ company - societate care vinde, cumpr sau nchiriaz imobile, parcele ~ damage - pagub material ~ damage insurance - asigurare de rspundere civil ~ insurance - asigurare de proprietate ~ register - registru de cadastru ~ tax - impozit pe proprietate proportional adj. proportional ~ taxation - impunere proportional proprietary adj. 1. de proprietate (despre drepturi, acte etc.); particular 2. patentat, brevetat (despre produse) 3.

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243

avut, bogat {despre clase) s. 1. proprietar 2. proprietate, avere ~ article/product - articol/produs patentat ~ company - holding; societate care deine teren minier; societate cu rspundere limitat (in Australia i
Africa de Sud)

~ insurance - asigurare efectuat de o societate comercial de asigurri (spre deosebire de o asigurare mutual) ~ rights - drepturi de proprietate proprietor 5'. proprietar, stpn proprietorship s. drept de proprietate; proprietate, posesiune prosecute v.t. a da njudecat, a urmri njustiie v.i. a intenta un proces prosecution s. 1. urmrire judiciar 2.
acuzare (parte ntr-un proces)

protectionist s. protecionist, adept al protecionismului protective adj. 1. protector, de protectie 2. protecionist ~ duty - tax vamal protecionist ~ inventory - stoc de siguran ~ system - sistem vamal protecionist ~ tariff - tarifvamal protecionist protest s. 1. protest; obiecie 2. protest
(al cambie) v.t. a protesta (o cambie) v.i. a protesta (mpotrivd)

~ for non-acceptance - protest pentru

neacceptare (a unei cambii)

~ for non-payment - protest pentru

neplat (a iinei cambi)

prosecutor s. reclamant prospect s. 1. (i pl.) perspective, posibiliti 2. cumprtor / client eventual 3. prospeciune (geologic)
v.t. a prospecta (un teren, o mina)

prospective adj. 1. n perspectiv, de viitor 2. eventual, probabil ~ buyer - cumprtor eventual ~ damages - daune probabile ~ obligation - obligaie viitoare prospector s. prospector prospectus s. prospect, brour, pliant; catalog; list de preuri prosper v.i. a prospera, a propi prosperity s. prosperitate, bunstare prosperous adj. prosper protection s. 1. protecie 2. protectionism, sistem vamal protecionist ~ tarifftarifvamal protecionist protectionism s. protecionism, sistem vamal protecionist

protester s. creditor care protesteaz cambia protestor v. protester provide v.t. 1. a nzestra, a prevedea 2. (dr.) a stipula, a prevedea v.i. a se ngriji de acoperire (financiara} provident adj. prevztor, precaut; econom ~ bank - cas de economii ~ fund - fond de asigurri sociale ~ scheme - sistem de prevederi sociale ~ society - asociaie de ntrajutorare (a muncitorilor) provider s. fumizor provision ^. 1. aprovizionare, fumizare 2. (cont.) provizion 3. rezerv (de capital) 4. pl. provizii, alimente 5. clauz, stipulaie (contractuala) v.t. a aproviziona ~ dealer / merchant - bcan ~ industry - industria alimentar provisional adj. provizoriu ~ account - cont provizoriu ~ insurance - asigurare provizorie ~ invoice - factur provizorie ~ liquidator - lichidator provizoriu

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~ note - not de asigurare provizorie proviso s. clauz condiional (intr-un contracf) proximate adj. proxim ~ cause -'cauz proxim (a cererii de onorare a unei polie de asigurare) proximo adv. ale lunii viitoare on the 10111 ~ -pe 10 ale lunii viitoare proxy s. 1. mputemidre, mandat, procur; vot prin reprezentare {la adunarea acionarior) 2. mputemicit, mandatar, procurator ~ fight - lupta mputemicirilor (ncercarea unei persoane sau a unui grup de a ctiga controlul asupra unei societi convingnd acionarii s voteze o nou conducere) prudence^. (cont.) pmden, prevedere (concept de baz conform cruia cnd dou valori simt posibile trebuie s se rein cea mai sczut) psychographics s. psihografie public adj. public; de stat, al statului s. public ~ accountant - contabil public / autorizat ~ bill - proiect de lege de interes public ~ contract - contract de stat ~ corporation - corporaie public / de stat; regie autonom ~ credit - credit public / acordat de stat ~ debt / funds - datorie public / de
stat

~ department - serviciu public ~ disclosure - divulgare a unei invenii (naintea nregistrrii cererii de brevet) ~ domain - domeniu public ~ expenditure - cheltuieli publice ~ finance - finane publice ~ health - sntate public ~ holiday - srbtoare legal

~ issue - emisiune public de aciuni ~ law - drept public ~ lending right - drepturi pentru mpmmutul public (de cri, pltite autorilor) ~ liability insurance - asigurare de rspundere civil ~ limited company - societate pe aciuni ~ loan - mprumut de stat ~ monopoly - monopol de stat ~ offer - ofert public ~ offce - instituie de stat; funcie public ~ official - funcionar de stat ~ opinion - opinie public ~ ownership / property - proprietate public / de stat ~ procurement - comand guvemamental/de stat ~ records - arhivele statului ~ relations - relaii publice ~ revenue - venit public ~ sale - vnzare public, licitaie ~ sector - sector public / de stat ~ servant - funcionar public ~ service - serviciu de stat / public; servicii comunale ~ stores - antrepozite vamale ~ subscriber - abonat ~ subsidy - subvenie de stat ~ trading - comert de stat ~ trustee - administrator public / din oficiu ~ utilities - societate de servicii publice; actiuni ale societilor de servicii publice ~ utility company - societate de servicii publice ~ welfare - bunstare naional ~ works - lucrri publice

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245

publicist s. 1. publicist, ziarist 2. agent de publicitate publicity s. publicitate, reclam ~ agency - agentie de publicitate . ~ agent - agent de publicitate ~ campaign - campanie de publicitate ~ department - departament / serviciu de publicitate ~ manager - ef al serviciului de publicitate ~ material - material publicitar ~ stunt - reclam ingenioas, tmc publicitar publicize v.t. 1. a face reclam pentru 2. a da publicitii v.i. a face reclam publish v.t. a publica, a edita publisher s. 1. editor 2. (SUA) director sau proprietar de ziar publishing s. activitate editorial; publicare, editare ~ agreement - contract de editare ~ house - editur ~ industry - industria editorial purchasable ad.j. achiziionabil, de vnzare purchase s. 1. cumprare, achiziie; cumprtur, lucm cumprat 2. venit anual (pbinut din exploatarea unui teren) v.t. a cumpra, a achiziiona ~ deed - act / contract de cumprare ~ for cash - cumprare cu plata n numerar ~ invoice - factur de cumprare ~ money / price - pre de cumprare ~ on commission - cumprare n comision ~ on credit - cumprare pe credit ~ order - ofert de cumprare (facut fumiwrului, angrosistului) ~ s account - (cont.) cont de achiziii ~ s book/journal - registru de achiziii

~ tax - tax de cumprare (pentru unele articole neeseniale) ~ trial - prob la cumprare ~ value - valoare de cumprare purchaser s. cumprtor, achizitor; client purchasing s. cumprare, achiziionare ~ agent - agent de cumprare (care achiziioneaz mrfuri pentru patronul su) ~ party cumprtor; parte adjude-catar (la licitai) ~ power - putere de cumprare ~ power bond - obligaiune cu valoarea nominal (eventual i cu dobndd} indexat n funcie de inflaie ~ power parity - paritatea puterii de cumprare ~ power risk - riscul puterii de cumprare pure adj. pur ~ competition - competiie pur/ perfect ~ economics - economie teoretic ~ interest - dobnd net purvey v.t. a fumiza, a aproviziona cu (alimente) to ~ for smb. - a fi fumizorul cuiva purveyance s. 1. fumizare, aprovizio-nare 2. provizii, rezerve purveyor s. fumizor push s. sprijin, susinere v.t. 1. a ex-tinde, a lrgi (comerul) 2. a face reclam pentru; a difuza, a rspndi 3. (forward) a accelera, a stimula (o activitate) 4. (off) a arunca, a scpa (de o marja) 5. (up) a mri (preur) ~ - and-pull-strategy - strategie altemativ / de naintri i retrageri put s. (bur.) opiune de vnzare, put v.t. 1. a pune 2. (aside, away, by) a

246

strnge, a economisi (bani) 3. (at) a evalua la 4. (down) a plti n numerar; a micora (preurile); a nota, a nsemna 5. (forward) a prezenta (wi /?Za etc.) 6. (ira) a introduce (o clauz) 7. (off) a amna (platd) 8. (out) a investi (bani) 9. (up) a ridica (preurile); a vinde la licitaie; a avansa {ban}, a investi; a fabrica, a produce ~ -and-call option - opiune dubl, stelaj (care d drept deopotriv de cumprare i vnzare) ~ -of-more option - opiune care i d drept vnztorului s vnd un pachet dublu de aciuni (fa de cel convenif) ~ option -optiune de vnzare pyramid s. piramid v.t. a mri (pre-uri, salarii etc.) piramidal/gradual v.i.
PUT-PYR

(bur.) a-i extinde operatiile printr-o serie de tranzacii bazate pe diferena de curs (utiliwndu-se profitul din twnzaciile n derulare ca marj pentru viitoarele operaii) debt datorie piramidal (contractarea de datorii succesive pentru rambursarea datoriilor anteriore) pyramiding s. controlarea unui numr mare defiliale cu un capitol total mare de ctre un holding cu un capital relativ micprin comparaie ~ selling - vnzri n sistem piramidal structure (man.) stmctur piramidal/ierarhic

Q
qualification s. 1. calificare, competen 2. calitate, proprietate caracteristic 3. restricie, rezerv, corectiv ~ shares - aciuni statutare (numr obligatoriu de aciuni pe care o persoan trebuie s le dein pentru a
candida ca membru n consiliul de

administraie al societii respective) ~ test - prob de recepie qualified adj. 1. calificat, competent 2. condiionat, cu rezerve ~ acceptance - acceptare special / cu
rezerve (a unei cambii)

~ accountant - expert contabil ~ audit report - raport de audit cu rezerve ~ bill of lading - conosament cu meniuni ~ endorsement - andosare restrictiv / cu rezerve ~ expert - expert autorizat ~ personnel - personal calificat ~ title - titlu de proprietate restrns ~ vote - vot cu majoritatea cerut (de dou treimi) qualify v.t. (for) 1. a califica, a pregti
(pentru) 2. a autoriza (s) v.i. (for, as)

~ grade - clas de calitate ~ guarantee - garanie de calitate ~ management - managementul calitii ~ manager - director pentru probleme de calitate ~ of bills of exchange - categorie / clas a cambiilor ~ production - producie de calitate superioar ~ requirements - condiii de calitate ~ specifcations - prescripii de calitate; condiii tehnice de calitate ~ survey - analiz a calitii ~ test - prob / control de calitate quantitative adj. cantitative ~ research - cercetare cantitativ
(studiu depiaa)

a se califica, a se pregti (pentru, ca); a dobndi calificare (pentru) qualitative adj. calitativ ~ analysis / research - analiz / cercetare calitativ (studiu depia) ~ restrictions - restricii calitative quality s. calitate ~ assurance - asigurarea calitii ~ control - control de calitate

~ restrictions - restricii cantitative quantity s. cantitate ~ available / on hand - cantitate disponibil ~ discount / rebate - rabat n fiincie de cantitate ~ index - indice al cantitii ~ production - producie de mas / n serie; producie n flux / pe band ~ surveyor - controlor / verificator al cantitii, normator (in construcii) quantum s. cuantum, volum, total quarry s. carier (de piatr) v.t. a exploata o carier ~ face - front de exploatare ntr-o
carier

~ stone - piatr de carier / constmcii quarrying s. exploatare de carier

248

QUA-QUO

quart s. sfert de galon (unitate de msurpentru capacitate) quarter 5'. 1. sfert 2. trimestru 3. pl. cartier, locuine (mai ales pentru militari) 4. sfert (de vit tiat), ciosvrt 5. sfert de dolar (american sau canadian; moned de 25 de cen) 6. sfert (unitate de msur pentru greutate, capacitate i lungime) ~ day - zi de plat trimestrial ~ of year - trimestru quarterage s. plat trimestrial quartering s. 1. mprtire m patru 2. ncartiruire, cantonare, staionare quarterly adj. 1. dintr-un / de un sfert 2. trimestrial ^. publicaie trimestrial adv. trimestrial quartern s. sfert (depint, uncie etc.) quash v.t. (dr.) a anula, a casa (o sentin) quasi- adj. cvasi-~ -contract cvasicontract ~ -money - cvasibani ~ monopoly - cvasimonopol ~ -partner asociat cu numele quay s. chei; debarcader ~ apron - (SUA) zon operativ / de margine a cheiului (pn la magazi) ~ berth - dan de acostare ~ dues - tax de chei, cheiaj ~ rate - tarif redus de cheiaj ~ "side worker - docher (pe chei) ~ terms condiii de operare la chei ~ warehouse depozit pe chei quayage s. 1. tax de chei, cheiaj 2. front al cheiurilor quayman s. muncitor portuar (pe chei) queue s. coad, rnd v.i. {i ~ up) a sta la coad, a forma o coad to stand in a ~ - a sta la coad quick adj. 1. rapid 2. (fin.) lichid

~ asset ratio - (fin.) rata testului acid (raportul active lichide - pasive curente folosit pentru determinarea solvabilitu uneifirme) ~ assets - active convertibile n numerar; lichiditi ~ liabilities - pasiv pe termen scurt ~ - pay mortgage - ipotec cu termen scurt de rambursare ~ returns - profit rapid ~ sale - vnzare rapid / uoar quiet adj. calm, linitit ~ market - burs calm (cu interes sczutpentru tranzaci) quintal s. chintal quire s. 1. top (cantitate de hrtie) 1. coal de tipar (faluit) quit adj. eliberat (de obligaii, datorii etc.) v.t. a abandona, a ceda (im drept) v.i. a demisiona quitclaim (dr.) s. act de renunare formal la un drept v.t. a renuna la (un drept) quitrent s. rent pltit de proprietarii funciari (pentru scutirea de alte obligai) quittance s. 1. chitan 2. achitare, stingere (a unei datori) quorum ^. cvorum, numr necesar de membri to form a ~ - a constitui un cvorum, a fi legal constituit to have a ~ - a fi n numr statutar quota s. 1. cot, cot-parte; dividend 2. contingent (de mrfuri); tax de contingentare 3. norm ~ restrictions - restricii de contingentare

~ sample - eantion reprezentativ ~ sampling - eantionare prin cote

QUO

249

~ subscription - subscriere a unei cote-prti ~ system - contingentare (la export sau

import)

quotable adj. cotabil (la burs) quotation s. (bur.) cotare, cotatie, curs ~ board - panou de cotaii (la burs) ~ for freight - cotare pentm navlu ~ for goods - pre cotat pentru mrfuri

~ of prices - cotare a preurilor, curs, preuri ~ of the day - curs al zilei quote v.t. a fixa, stabili (un pre)\ a
cota (la bursa)

~ sheet - list a cursurilor, cot a bursei quoteworthy v. quotable

R
rack v.t. a impune, a percepe (chirie sau arend excesiv) ~ - rent - arend sau chirie excesiv; valoare bmt {a chiriei sau a arendei pltit anual pentru o proprietate) ~ - renter - proprietar care percepe o chirie excesiv; chiria care pltete o chirie excesiv raid s. (bur.) speculaie pentm coborrea cursului prin vnzri masive de actiuni v.i. (bur.) a face s scad cursul prin vnzri masive de aciuni to ~ into the market - a provoca panic pe pia raider s. (bur.) persoan fizic sau juridic care ncearc s obin controlul asupra unei societi (prin
cumprare masiv i brusc de actiun)

rail s. 1. cale ferat; transport feroviar 2. pl. aciuni ale societilor feroviare v.t. a transporta pe calea ferat ~ carriage / transport - transport pe calea ferat ~ port - (mar.) sabord pentru vagoane; port de operatii directe din vagoane (fr depozitarea mrfii n port) ~ shares - aciuni ale societilor feroviare railage s. 1. transport pe calea ferat 2. plat pentru transportul feroviar railhead ^. cap de linie; staie terminus railman s. muncitor feroviar railroad (SUA) s. 1. cale ferat; transport feroviar 2. pl. aciuni ale societilor feroviare v.t. 1. a transporta pe calea ferat 2. a construi o cale

ferat ntr-o regiune v.i. 1. a cltori cu trenul 2. a lucra la cile ferate ~ bill of lading - scrisoare de trsur ~ demurrage - locaie de vagoane freight rates tarif pentru transportul pe calea ferat ~ system - reea feroviar railroader s. (SUA) feroviar, lucrtor la cile ferate railway s. cale ferat adj. feroviar v.i. 1. a cltori cu trenul 2. a constmi o cale ferat ~ advice - aviz de sosire (a mrfii} pe calea ferat ~ bill of lading - scrisoare de trsur ~ bond obligaiune feroviar ~ brotherhood - (SUA) sindicat al feroviarilor ~ car / coach - vagon de cltori ~ carriage - vagon de cale ferat transport feroviar ~ charges - cheltuieli / taxe feroviare ~ company - companie de ci ferate ~ concession - concesiune a unei ci ferate ~ ferry - feribot freight rates - tarif pentru transportul pe calea ferat ~ gauge - ecartament de cale ferat ~ network/system - reea feroviar ~ operating - exploatare a cilor ferate ~ pool - trust feroviar ~ rates/tariff - tarif feroviar shares - aciuni ale societilor feroviare ~ siding - linie ferat uzinal

RAI-RAT

251

~ station - gar; staie ~ terminal - cap de linie, gar terminus ~ traffc - trafic feroviar ~ transport - transport feroviar ~ truck - vagon de marfa ~ vehicles - material rulant ~ waggon - vagon descoperit de. mrfuri ~ works - uzin feroviar ~ yard - gar / staie de triaj railwayman v. railman raise s. mrire, sporire (de preuri, salarii etc.) v.t. 1. a mri, a spori (preuri, salarii, etc.) 2. a colecta, a aduna (taxe, impozite) 3. a lansa (un mprumut); a procura, a obine (capital, fondur) 4. a crete (animale domestice); a cultiva (legume, cereale) 5. a promova, a avansa (in grad,
funcie)

rally s. nviorare, revenire (a afacerilor); restabilire (a cursului aciunilor etc.) v.i. a se nviora, a reveni (despre afacen); a se restabili (despre cursul aciunilor) ranch (SUA) s. ranch, ferm, cresctorie de vite v.i. 1. a avea un ranch 2. a se ocupa de creterea vitelor rancher (SUA) s. 1. proprietar al unui ranch; fermier 2. lucrtor ntr-un ranch random adj. aleatoriu ~ sampling - eantionare prin sondaj range s. 1. linie / gam de produse 2. fluctuaie ransom s. rscumprare; pre de rscumprare v..t. 1. a rscumpra 2. a scoate de la amanet ratability s. posibilitate de evaluare / estimare

rat(e)able adj. 1. evaluabil, estimabi! 2. impozabil 3. proportional ~ contribution - contribuie proportional ~ ton - ton impozabil ~ value - valoare (locativ) impozabil; evaluare cadastral ratal s. cuantum al impozitelor locale rate s. 1. pre, tarif; curs 2. evaluare; calcul 3. rat (a plusvalorii etc.) 4. (pl.) taxe locale/municipale; impozit pe proprietate 5. coeficient, rat, procent 6. norm 7. rang, clas (a navelor) v.t. 1. a evalua, a estima; a cota; a stabili tariful 2. a impune 3. a clasifica (nave) ~ collector - perceptor de taxe comunale ~ of consumption - norm de consum ~ of discharge - norm de descrcare ~ of discount - tax de scont ~ of exchange - curs schimb ~ of interest - rata dobnzii ~ of loading - norm de ncrcare ~ of production - norm de producie productivitate ~ of return - rata rentabilitii (rata intern a rentabilitii unei investii) ~ of surplus value - rata plusvalorii ~ of taxation - rat/cot de impozitare ~ of technical substitution - rata substituiei tehnice {mrirea produciei prin fabricarea unui articol n locul altuia) ~ of transport - norm de transport ~ of turnover - ritm de circulaie a mrfurilor; dever ~ of work - norm de lucru ~s and taxes - taxe i impozite ~s rebate / relief - reducere a taxelor locale / municipale ~s schedule - sistem tarifar

252

RAT-REA

~ war - rzboi tarifar rated adj. 1. evaluat, estimat, calculat 2. nominal, normal, proiectat (despre
un utilaj etc.)

~ capacity - capacitate nominal ~ load - sarcin nominal ~ output - producie nominal; randament nominal ~ value - valoare nominal ratepayer s. contribuabil ratepaying s. plat a impozitelor sau a taxelor rater s. 1. evaluator, preuitor 2. taxator, funcionar care stabilete
tarifele

ratification s. ratificare ratify v.t. a ratifica (un acord etc.) rating s. 1. (asig., fin.) evaluare, estimare; rating (fonnularea unei calificri pe msura posibilului risc de nerambursare - parial sau total asumat de investitorul care a realiza plasamente n titluri financiare) 2. impunere, taxare; tarifare; taxe comunale 3. clasificare, clasare; categorie 4. randament, productivitate ~ system - regim tarifar ratio s. raport, rat, proportie; coeficient, indice ~ analysis - analiza proportiilor
(pentru detenninarea performanelor unui agent economic)

ration s. 1. raie 2. pl. provizii, alimente v.t. 1. a aproviziona cu alimente 2. a raionaliza ~ book / card - cartel (de alimente sau alte produse uzuale} ~ money - compensatie bneasc
(sum de bani dat n locul unei raii)

~ expectations - ateptri raionale (explicarea comportamentului econo-mic al indivizilor sau al companiilor n funcie de opiunea pentru una dintre previziunile realizate) rationalization s. 1. raionalizare, aplicare a metodelor de management tiinific 2. raionalizare (a alimentelor, a materiilor prime etc.) rationalize v.t. a raionaliza raw adj. brut, neprelucrat s. materie prim ~ goods - semifabricate ~ material materie prim ~ product - produs brut / nefinisat rayon 5'. mtase artificial, viscoz reach s. accesibilitate (numrul de indivizi care recepioneaz mesajul unei campanii publicitare) ready adj. gata ~ berth clause - (mar.) clauza danei pregtite ~ capital - capital circulant ~ cash / money - bani lichizi / ghea, numerar ~ made/-to-wear - de gata, gata confecionat ~ - made / - to-wear clothes -confecii ~ market - pia profitabil (imde mrfurile se vnd rapid i cu profit bun} ~ sale - vnzare rapid / uoar ~ -to-cook foods - semipreparate culinare ~ -to-eat / - to-serve Joods - (SUA) preparate culinare real adj. 1. real 2. (dr.) real, imobiliar, patrimonial 3. veritabil, autentic; natural, nefalsificat ~ accounts (cont.) conturi reale

rational adj. raional

REA-REC

253

~ agreement - contract de hchiriere sau arendare pe termen lung ~ aggregate demand - cerere global real ~ assets - active reale ~ capital - capital real ~ cost - cost real ~ estate / property - proprietate imobiliar ~ estate agent / broker / operator agent imobiliar ~ estate investment trust - fond de plasament n valori imobiliare ~ estate loan - mprumut ipotecar ~ estate market - pia imobiliar ~ estate register ~ cadastru ~ estate tax - impozit imobiliar ~ exchange rate ~ curs de schimb real ~ income - venit real ~ money - bani efectivi, moned efectiv ~ rate of interest - rata real a dobnzii ~ tare - tar real ~ value - valoare real / efectiv ~ wages - salariu real realignment s. (fin.) realiniere (a cursurilor de schimb) realizable adj. 1. realizabil 2. convertibil n numerar (despre active, titluri de valoare) 3. vandabil ~ assets - active convertibile n numerar; lichiditi ~ goods - mrfuri vandabile realization s. realizare (a unui plan, contracf) 1. obinere (a unui pre) 3. convertire n numerar (a activelor, a titlurilor de valoare) 4. vnzare {a mrfurilor) realize v.t. 1. a realiza (un plan, un contract etc.) 2. a converti n bani

(active, titluri de valoare) 3. a realiza, a obine, a scoate (un profit) realtor s. (SUA) agent imobiliar realty s. proprietate imobiliar ream s. top (canitate de hrie) reappraisal s. reevaluare reappraise v.t. reevalua reassess v.t. 1. a reimpune, a reimpozita 2. a reevalua reassessment s. 1. reimpunere, reimpozitare 2. reevaluare reassurance v. reinsurance reassure v. reinsure rebate s. rabat, reducere v.t. a reduce recapitalization s. recapitalizare recapitalize v.t. a recapitaliza recaption s. (dr.) reintrare n posesie (prin bun nelegere) recede v.i. a se deprecia receipt s. 1. primire 2. chitan, recipis 3. pl. ncasri, venituri v.t. (SUA) a da chitan pentru, a iscli de primire pentru ~ book - chitanier ~ for goods - recipis de primire a mrfii ~ for payment - chitan de plat ~ in duplicate - chitan n dublu exemplar ~ in full discharge - chitan de sold / lichidare ~ on account - primire n cont ~ stamp - timbru de chitan ~s and expenses / expendture ncasri i cheltuieli ~s and payments - ncasri i pli ~s tax - impozit pe ncasri / cifra de afaceri ~ to issue / to make out a ~ - a elibera o chitan / recipis

254

REC

receivable adj. de ncasat s.pl. sume de ncasat receive v.t. 1. a primi; a ncasa (ban) 2. a accepta, a admite received ari/. 1. primit; achitat; ncasat 2. acceptat, admis ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament de primire (mrfuri recepionate, ns nencrcate) ~ stamp - tampil primit" ~ tare - tar admis (pentru calcularea tarei ntregii partide de mrfuri) receiver s. 1. primitor, persoan care primete / recepioneaz; destinatar 2. (dr.^ tinuitor (de lucruri furate} 3. (com.) consignatar 4. (dr.) administratorjudiciar, judector sindic; lichidator ~ in bankruptcy - administrator judiciar; lichidator (intr-un faliment) receivership s. (dr.) 1. calitatea de administrator judiciar/judector sindic 2. regim de administrare judiciar (instituit cnd o firm nu-i mai poate ndeplini obligaiile financiare) receiving adj. de primire s. 1. primire; receptie; ncasare 2. acceptare, admitere ~ clerk - agent de primire ~ house / office - birou de mesagerie ~ note - (mar.) ordin de imbarco ~ order - ordonan de punere sub sechestm (in caz de faliment) reception s. primire, recepie; recepionare (de mrfurt) ~ clerk - recepioner ~ desk - birou de recepie; dispecerat (la hoel) receptionist s. recepioner, funcionar la recepie

recession

s.

recesiune,

cnz

(economica}

recessional adj. referitor la recesiune / criz recharter v.t. (mar.) a renavlosi; a subnavlosi rechartering s. (mar.) renavlosire; subnavlosire recipience s. primire, receptie, recepionare recipient s. primitor, destinatar; beneficiar (al unui cec etc.) reciprocal adj. reciproc; mutual ~ duty - tax vamal reciproc ~ shareholding - deinere reciproc de aciuni (de ctre dou sau mai mule societ) ~ trade agreement - acord comercial pe baz de reciprocitate (cu reducerea
taxelor vamale)

reciprocity s. reciprocitate; acord mutual (incheiat ntre dou sau mai multe state, care prevede faciliti de natur comercial) reckon v.t. 1. (i ~ up) a calcula, a socoti 2. a evalua reckoner s. 1. tabel de calcul 2. contor reckoning s. 1. calcul, socoteal 2. not de plat reclaim v.t. a ameliora {un teren) v.i. 1. a face mbuntiri funciare 2. (dr.) a face apel ~ days - termen de apel reclaimant .s'. (rfr.)-reclamant reclamation s. 1. reclamaie 2. mbuntiri funciare 3. {dr.) amendament recommended adj. recomandat ~ retail price - pre cu amnuntul recomandat (de productor)

REC-RED

255

reconcile v.t. a armoniza (diferitele. tipuri de^ registre contabile ale unei societ) reconversion s. reconversie (adaptarea unor industrii sau a unor sectoare industriale la necesiti no) reconvey v.t. (dr.) a retroceda (vechiului proprietar) record s. 1. registru; dosar; pl. arhive 2. act oficial, document 3. raport; proces-verbal 4. nregistrare, consemnare 5. record 6. (dr.) stpnire de drept v.t. a nregistra, a consemna ~ office - grefa; registratur ~ of service - stat de serviciu ~ output - producie-record to be on ~ - a fi nregistrat/consemnat to to enter on the ~ - a trece n raport / procesul-verbal recorder s. 1. arhivar; grefier; ftmctionar la serviciul de registratur 2. aparat de nregistrare recoup v.t. 1. a despgubi; a compensa 2. a defalca recoupment .'?. despgubire, compensaie recourse s. 1. resurs; recurgere, apelare 2. regres, recurs (practicat n cazurile de protest al cambiilor) recover v.t. 1. a recupera (pierder); a ncasa (creane); a primi ca despgubire 2. a exploata (zcminte) recoverable adj. recuperabil (despre o datorie) ~ unforeseen expenditures - cheltuieli neprevzute recuperabile recoverableness s. posibilitate de recuperare (a unei datori) recovery s. 1. recuperare (a pierderilor); ncasare (a creanelor) 1. despgubire, compensaie 3. redresare, refa-

cere (economic) 4. recuperare, revalorifcare; valorificare a deeurilor ~ charges - cheltuieli de recuperare / ncasare ~ cycle - ciclu de recuperare economic ~ in kind - despgubire m natur ~ of business - redresare a afacerilor ~ of damages - recuperare a daunelor, daune-interese ~ of prices - redresare / urcare a cursului; urcare a preurilor ~ of the market - redresare / nviorare a pieei ~ plant - instalaie de recuperare ~ share - aciune subevaluat (dar cu posibiliti de redresare) recruit v.t. 1. a recruta (personal) 2. (mar.) a aproviziona recruitment s. recrutare (de personal) rectify v.t. a rectifica (bugetul etc.) recuperate v.i. a se redresa (financiar) recurrent adj. recurent, periodic ~ costs - costuri recurente recycle v.t. a recicla (deeuri) red adj. 1. rou 2. debitor; deficitar s. debit; deficit ~ clause - clauza roie (prin care
vnztorul aflat n deficit poate obine un avans bancar)

~ country - ar debitoare ~ ensign - pavilionul flotei comerciale engleze ~ goods - (SUA) produse de culoare roie (bunuri de consum, precum cele alimentare, consumate i nlocuite
imediat)

~ tape / tapery / tapism - birocraie ~ tapist - birocrat; funcionar to be in the ~ - a fi n deficit; a fi debitor

256

RED-REF

to come out of the ~ - a se solda cu un beneficiu redeem v.t. 1. a recupera; a rscumpra, a scoate din gaj sau amanet 2. a amortiza 3. a restitui, a reda redeemability s. rambursabilitate redeemable adj. 1. rambursabil 2. amortizabil redeemer s. rscumprtor redeliver v.t. 1. a livra din nou 2. a restitui redemption s. 1. recuperare; rscumprare, scoatere din gaj sau amanet 2. amortizare; achitare, plat^ stingere (a
unei ipotec)

reduced adj. 1. redus, micorat, sczut 2. convertit, schimbat {despre valut) ~ goods - solduri reducible adj. reductibil, care se poate reduce ~ waste - deeuri prelucrabile (pentru
refolosire)

reduction s. 1. reducere, micorare, scdere 2. (cow.) rabat, bonificaie, remiz ~ factor - coeficient de reducere ~ m / of the price - reducere a preului ~ in turnover - scdere a cifrei de afaceri
reenter v.t. (cont.) a renscrie (un articol ntr-un cont)

~ fund - fond de amortizare ~ loan - mpmmut pentru amortizare ~ premium - prim de rscumprare ~ price - pre de rscumprare ~ quota - cot de amortizare ~ table - plan de amortizare ~ value - valoare de rambursare / amortizare ~ yield - randament pn la maturitate
(rata dobnzii obinute la o obligaiune dac aceasta este pstrat pn la maturitate)

redhibition s. (dr.) redhibiiune redhibitory adj. redhibitoriu rediscount s. 1. reescontare 2. pl. efecte de comert reescontate v.t. a reesconta ~ rate - tax de reescontare redistribute v.t. a redistribui (yenituri ec.) redraft s. contracambie reduce v.t. 1. a reduce, a micora, a scdea 2. a converti, a face schimb de
(yalut)

to ~ money - a face schimb de valut

reentry s. (dr.) repunere n posesie / drepturi reexport s. 1. reexport; reexportare 2. pl. mrfuri de reexport v.t. a reexporta ~ trade - comer intermediar / de reexport reexportation s. reexport; reexportare reexporter s. reexportator refer v.t. (to) a trimite la, a ndmma ctre/spre ~ to the drawer - adresai-v emitentului (formul pe un cec) referee s. 1. (dr.) arbitm 2. (man.) persoan care d referine ~ in case of need - avalist refgure v.t. a recalcula refinance v.t. a refinana refinancng s. refmanare ~ credit - credit de refinanare refinev.r. arafina refined adj. rafinat ~ product carrier - petrolier pentru produse albe" refinement s. rafinare

REF-REG

257

refnery s. rafinrie ~ port - port cu rafinarie reft s. 1. reparatie, revizie 2. (mar.) reechipare, rearmare, reutilare v.t. 1. a repara; a repune n funciune 2. (mar.) a reechipa, a rearma, a reutila reflate v./. (/w.) a produce reflaie reflation ^. (fn.) reflaie refloat v.t. 1. (mar.) a ranflua 2. a emite din nou (un mprumut) 3. a repune n activitate (o ntreprindere
etc.)

refloating s. 1. (mar.) ranfluare 2. nou emitere (a unui mprnmut) 3. repunere n activitate (a unei ntreprinderi) reform s. reform {economica) v.t. a refonna reforward v.t. a reexpedia refrigerant adj. refrigerent s. refrigerent, agent frigorific ~ fluid - agent frigorific lichid ~ mixture - amestec refrigerent refrigerate v.t. a refrigera, a congela refrigerated adj. refrigerat, congelat; frigorific ~ barge - lep frigorifc ~ cargo carrier/ship/vessel - nav fngorifc ~ container - container frigorific ~ fish carrier - nav frigorific de pete ~ room - compartiment frigorific ~ shipping - transport de mrfuri refrigerate; flot de nave frigorifce ~ truck - camion frigorific ~ waggon - vagon frigorific refrigerating adj. frigorific s. refrigerare, congelare ~ capacity - capacitate de refrigerare (a instalaiei) ~ chamber - camer frigorific

~ industry - industria frigului ~ machine - frigorifer ~ mixture - amestec refrigerent ~ plant - instalaie frigorifc ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor frigorifice ~ trawler - trauler frigorific refrigeration s. 1. refrigerare, congelare 2. frigotehnic ~ ton - ton de refrigerare refuel v.i. a se (re)alimenta cu combustibil; (mar.) a bunchera refuge s. refugiu ~ dues - taxe de staionare n portul de refugiu ~ harbour / port - port de refugiu refugee s. refugiat ~ capital - capital refugiat (atras din strintate de dobnzi ridicate sau de
un climat politic sigur)

refund s. 1. rambursare; plat/despgubire pentru cheltuieli v.t. a rambursa; a despgubi pentru cheltuieli regain s. recuperare; reintrare n posesie v.t. a rectiga, a recupera to ~ possession of - a reintra n posesia register s. 1. registru, catalog; borde-rou, list 2. registru naval / maritim 3. (mar.) caric, ncrctur 4. contor, aparat de nregistrare v.t. 1. a nregistra, a trece n registru; a nmatricula (o societate, un automobil, o nav etc.) 2. a nzestra (nava) cu acte de identitate 3. a nregistra, a marca (despre contor) ~ book - carte de registru (cu date despre clasificarea navelor) ~ card - fi de eviden ~ of companies - registru de comert ~ of members - registru al acionarilor ~ of mortgages - registru de sarcini i ipoteci

258

REG

~ of shipping - registru naval / maritim ~ office - registratur ~ ton - ton - registru ~ tonnage - tonaj-registru registered adj. nregistrat, nscris; nmatriculat ~ address - adres social ~ bond obligaiune nominal ~ capital - capital nregistrat / nominal ~ certificate certificat nominal (de aciuni) ~ letter - scrisoare recomandat ~ name denumire nregistrat (a firme) ~ office sediu social parcel - colet potal cu valoare declarat ~ proprietor - proprietar cu titlu de proprietate nregistrat/nscris (n cartea funciara) ~ shares - aciuni nominale ~ title - titlu de proprietate nregistrat/ nscris (n cartea funciara) ~ tonnage - tonaj-registru ~ trade mark - marc de comert nregistrat, marc depus registering adj. nregistrator, de nre-gistrare s. 1. nregistrare, nscriere (in registrn) 1. expediere recomandat (a unei scrisori} 3. (rfr.) transcriere registrar s. 1. arhivar 2. grefier 3. notar ~ of companies - director al registrului de comert registration s. 1. nregistrare, nscriere (n registru) 2. expediere recomandat {a unei scrisori) 3. (rfr.) transcriere ~ countries ri n care o cerere de brevet de invenie poate f nregistrat

(beneficiind de prioritate convenional) ~ dues / fees - tax de nregistrare ~ number - numr de nregistrare ~ office - registratur ~of mortgage - nscriere / transcriere ipotecar ~ of trade marks - nscriere / depunere a mrcilor de comert registry s. 1. registratur; birou, oficiu 2. nregistrare, nscriere 3. registru, catalog 4. (mar.) pavilion ~ of shipping - registru naval/maritim ~ offce - registratur; oficiul strii civile; oficiu de plasare (a oamenilor
de serviciu)

regressive adj. regresiv ~ supply - ofert regresiv ~ tax - impozit regresiv regular adj. 1. regulat 2. obinuit, curent, normal 3. reglementar customer client obinuit/ permanent ~ employment - serviciu permanent ~ endorsement - andosare reglemen-tar / complet ~ grade - calitate obinuit ~ income venit obinuit / fx ~ line - linie regulat (de navigaie) ~ lot - (bur.) partid normal de mrfuri overtime - ore suplimentare obinuite / normale ~ price - pre obinuit / curent ~ recourse - (dr.) regres legal ~ salary - salariu permanent / regulat ~ size format obinuit ~ staff - personal permanent ~ trader - nav de linie ~ traffic - trafic regulat

REG-REL

259

~ travellers - cltori cu abonament; navetiti ~ way - (bur.) tranzacii care se lichideaz n ziua unntoare regularity s. regularitate; form reglementar (a unui act) regularize v.t. 1. a regulariza; a reglementa 2. a ordona, a aranja regulate v.t. 1. a regulariza; a reglementa 2. a adapta (cerine, condiii) regulation s. 1. ordin, ordonan 2. regularizare; reglementare 3. pl. regulament, statut 4. ordonare, aranjare adj. 1. stabilit (prin regulament) 1. reglementar ~ of monopoly - reglementare a monopolurilor ~ of the market - reglementare a pieei Regulation T - (SUA) lege federal care reglementeaz suma total a creditelor care pot fi acordate de brokeri clienilor pentru cumprarea de titluri de valoare Regulation U - (SUA) lege federal care reglementeaz suma total a creditelor care pot fi acordate de o banc pentru cumprarea de titluri de valoare to bring under ~ - a reglementa rehabilitation s. reabilitare, refacere ~ plan - plan de reabilitare / refacere reimbursable adj. rambursabil reimburse v.t. 1. a rambursa 2. a despgubi, a indemniza reimport s. 1. reimportare 2. pl. mrfuri reimportate v.t. a reimporta reimportation s. reimport; reimportare reinstatement s. restituire a unui bun (de ctre societatea de asigurri) reinsurance s. reasigurare

~ clause - clauz de reasigurare ~ exchange/pool - convenie/asociaie de reasigurare ~ policy - poli de reasigurare reinsure v.. a reasigura reinsurer s. reasigurtor reinvest v.t. a reinvesti reissue s. 1. reeditare, retiprire; ediie nou 2. emisiune nou (de aciuni, obligaiuni) v.t. 1. a reedita, a retipri 2. a emite din nou (aciuni, obligaiuni) relation s. relaie; raport ~s of production - relaii de producie release s. 1. a elibera, a descrca (de o datorie) 2. (dr.) act de transmitere, cesiune (a unei proprieti etc.) 3. (dr.) punere n libertate 4. eliberare, livrare (de mrfuri) 5. (com.) chitan, recipis 6. permis (de ncrcare, descrcare etc.) 1. autorizatie de publicare (n pres) v.t. 1. a elibera, a descrca {de o datorie etc.) 2. (dr.) a transfera, a ceda (o proprietate) 3. (dr.) a pune n libertate 4. a autoriza publicarea (n pres) ~ of goods against payment eliberare a mrfurilor (din vam) contra plat ~ of funds - deblocare de fonduri ~ of mortgage - scoatere de sub ipotec ~ on bail - eliberare pe cauiune releasee s. (dr.) cesionar releasor s. (dr.) cedent relevant adj. relevant ~ risk - (fin.) risc relevant (riscul unui titlu de valoare care nu poate fi diversificat sau riscul depia) reliability s. 1. bonitate, solvabilitate 2. fabilitate, siguran m exploatare (a
unuiprodus)

260

REL-REN

reliable adj. sigur; serios ~ bank - banc sigur / de ncredere ~ firm - firm serioas ~ guarantee - garanie solid relief s. 1. reducere; degrevare (de impozite etc.) 2. (a?r.) reparatie, despgubire; ctig de cauz 3. ajutor, asisten (pentru sraci, omeri etc.) ~ fund - fond de ajutor/asisten ~ works - asisten pentru omeri relieve v.t. 1. a degreva (de o obligaie etc.) 2. a ajutora, a ajuta (la nevoie) relieving adj. 1. de reducere 2. de ajutor ~ clause - clauz de exonerare reload v.t. a rencrca; a transborda relocation s. detaare remain v.i. a rmne to ~ in force - a rmne n vigoare to ~ on hand - a rmne disponibil remainder s. 1. rest, rmi 2. stoc de crti nevndute 3. (dr.) drept de motenire adj. rmas v.t. a vinde la solduri (stocul crilor nevndute) ~ sale - soldare (de cr) ~ shop - magazin de solduri [de cr} ~ value - valoare rmas remainderman s. (dr.) motenitor subsecvent; succesor (al unei moteniri) remedy s. 1. (dr.) reparatie, satisfacie; compensaie, despgubire 2. toleran (a titlului unei monede) reminder s. 1. memento; reamintire 2. scrisoare de rapel / revenire remission s. 1. scutire, degrevare (de datorii etc.) 2. (rfr.) renunare {la pretenii, drepturt) remit v.t. a remite, a transmite; a expedia (mrfuri); a trimite prin mandat (bani) 2. a plti, a achita 3. a

scuti, a degreva (de datori) 4. (dr.) a micora (p pedeaps, o amenda) remittal s. anulare (a unei datorii) remittance 5'. 1. expediere, transmitere (de bani, cecuri etc.) 2. bani expediai ~ man - persoan care triete (m strintate) cu bani expediati de acas remittee s. destinatar (al unei remiter) remitter s. remitent, expeditor al unei sume de bani remnant s. 1. rest, rmi 2. deeu, reziduu 3. cupon (de stofa) ~ sale - soldare de cupoane (de stofa) removable adj. detaabil, demontabil; mobil ~ parts - piese detaabile removal s. 1. deplasare, transportare 2. schimbare a domiciliului, mutare 3. destituire, demitere 4. transfer 5. ridicare (a restriciilor) 6. radiere contractor(s) - companie de transport de mobil ~ expenses - cheltuieli de mutare ~ van - camion de mutri remove v.t. 1. a muta, a transporta 2. a destitui, a demite 3. a transfera 4. a ridica (restrici) 5. a radia v.i. 1. a se muta (din cas') 1. a-i schimba serviciul remunerate v.t. a remunera, 'a retribui remuneration s. remuneraie, retribu-ie; salarizare remunerative adj. 1. remunerativ 2. rentabil, profitabil ~ business - afacere rentabil remunerativeness s. caracter remune-ratoriu remuneratory adj. lucrativ, rentabil renegotiatev.r. arenegocia

REN-REP

261

renew v.t. 1. a rennoi; a prelungi (un contrac); a relua (activitated) 2. a reface, a restaura; a recondiiona renewable s. care poate fi rennoit / refacut sau prelungit renewal s. 1. rennoire; prelungire (a unui contract)', reluare (a activiti) 2. refacere, restaurare; recondiionare ~ fund - fond de modemizare tehnologic ~ notice - not / ofert de rennoire (a contractului de asigurare) ~ premium - prim de rennoire {a contractului de asigurare pentru un an) ~ privilege of term insurance privilegiu de rennoire a termenului de asigurare ~ rate - tax pentru prelungirea creditului . rent s. 1. chirie 2. arend; rent funciar v.t. 1. a nchiria, a da cu chirie; a nchiria, a lua cu chirie 2. a arenda, a da n arend; a arenda, a lua n arend v.i. 1. a fi nchiriat 2. a fi arendat ~ control - reglementare a chiriilor ~ - free - scutit de chirie sau arend ~ freeza - ngheare a chiriilor (de
ctre. stat)

rental s. 1. .cuantum al chiriei sau al arendei 2. cas nchiriat 3. registru al arendailor sau al veniturilor din arenzi adj. referitor la nchiriere sau arendare ~ income - venit din nchirieri ~ tariff - tarif de nchiriere ~ value - valoare locativ renter s. 1. chiria 2. arenda reorder s. comand nou; reaprovizionare v.t. 1. a rearanja, a reordona 2. a comanda din nou; a reaproviziona reorganize v.t. 1. a reorganiza, a restructura 2. a asana (fnanele) repack v.t. a reambala repair s. 1 (i pl.) reparaie; ntreinere

2. pl. (cont.) chekuieli alocate pentm

ntreinerea mijloacelor fixe 3. pies de schimb v.t. a repara ~ parts / pieces - piese de schimb ~ service - serviciu de ntretinere ~ ship / vessel - atelier plutitor - work - lucrri de reparaie ~ yard - antier naval de reparaii reparation s. reparaie, reparare 2. pl. despgubiri, compensaii (de rzboi
etc.)

~ of land - arend; rent funciar ~ ower - chiria, persoan care datoreaz chiria; arenda, persoan care datoreaz arenda ~ restriction - plafonare a chiriilor (de
ctre staf)

~ - roll - registru al arendailor sau al veniturilor din arenzi ~ service - servicii (personale) care nlocuiesc sau suplimenteaz chiria ori arenda ~ tax - impozit pe chirii

repatriate v.t. a repatria (profitul) repay v.t. a plti, a achita, a rambursa v.i. 1. a plti, a-i achita datoriile 2. a acorda o rsplat / recompens repayable adj. rambursabil repayment s. 1. plat, achitare, rambursare 2. rsplat, recompens repeat s. 1. repetare 2. (com.) comand de mrfuri similare cu transportul anterior v.t. a repeta "(o comand, o cerere etc.) ~ order - comand repetat ~ purchase sales volume - volum de vnzri ale unor articole de consum obinuit

262

REP

repetitive adj. repetat ~ manufacturing - producie de serie replacement s. 1. nlocuire 2. pies de schimb; nlocuitor ~ age - vechime limit / de nlocuire (a unui utilaj) ~ cost - cost de nlocuire (al unui
activ)

representation s. reprezentan (comercial) representative adj. reprezentativ, caracteristic, tipic s. 1. reprezentant; delegat; 2. eantion reprezentativ. mostr ~ money - bani reprezentativi (hrtie - moned cu acoperire total n metale
preioase)

~ demand - (com.) cerere de nlocuire (a produselor defolosin ndelungat) ~ parts / pieces - piese de schimb replenish v.t. 1. a reumple 2. a completa; a reaproviziona replenishment s. 1. reumplere 2. completare; reaprovizionare ~ of stock - completare a stocului ~ of supplies - reaprovizionare ~ lead time - perioad de reaprovizionare {timpul dintre comand i livrare) replevin s. (dr.) recuperare a bunurilor inute sub sechestru; hotrre de scoatere de sub sechestru; aciune de scoatere a bunurilor de sub sechestru replevy v.t. (dr.) a scoate de sub sechestru; a recupera bunurile inute sub sechestru report s. 1. raport, dare de seam; proces-verbal 2. reportaj v.t. 1. a face un raport / o dare de seam asupra 2. a t'ace un reportaj despre v.i. 1. (on, upon) a prezenta un raport (asupra, despre) 1. a face un reportaj reportage s. reportaj reporter s. 1. raportor 2. reporter repository s. depozit, magazie, antrepozit repossess v.t. a repune n posesia; a reintra n posesia represent v.t. a reprezenta (o firm)

~ offce - reprezentan ~ sample - mostr reprezentativ, eantion-tip ~ sampling - eantionare reprezentativ

~ type - model-tip ~ value - valoare proprie repressive adj. represiv ~ tax - impozit represiv (pentru frnarea investiiilor, a consumului) reprieve .$. amnare, psuire v.t. a amna, a psui; a acorda un termen (unui debitor) reprisals s. pl. represalii reprises s. pl. impozit anual (pe o proprietate) reproductive adj. reproductiv ~ debt - datorie (public) reproductiv (imprumut investit de stat n active productive) repudiate v.t. 1. a repudia, a denuna {un contract) 2. a refuza (plata unei datorii, ndeplinirea unei obligaii) repudiation s. 1. repudiere, denunare (a unui contract) 2. refuz (de a plti o
datorie, de a ndeplini o obligaie)

repurchase s. rscumprare v.t. a rscumpra ~ agreement - acord de rscumprare

(a titlurilor de valoare)

reputed adj. 1. celebru, faimos 2. ipotetic, prezumtiv

REP-RES

263

~ owner - proprietar prezumtiv request s. 1. cerere, revendicare, pretenie 2. (com.) cerere v.t. a cere, a solicita; a revendica ~ for payment / to pay - cerere de plat ~ note - (mar.) permis vamal special {de descrcare a mrfurilor perisabile nainte de conrolul vamal) ~s book - condic de reclamaii ~ to insure - cerere de asigurare to be in good / great ~ - a fi foarte cutat / cerut to be in limited / little / poor ~ - a fi puin cutat / cerut to comply with a ~ - a admite o cerere to make ~ for - a cere, a solicita require v.t. 1. a cere, a solicita, a revendica 2. a necesita, a reclama, a avea nevoie de requirement s. 1. cerere, cerin, solicitare 2. necesitate, nevoie, trebuin requital s. 1. rsplat, recompens 2. descoperire, compensaie, indemnizaie requite v.t. 1. a rsplti, a recompensa 2. a despgubi, a compensa, a indemniza reroute v.t. a schimba ruta / relaia; a transporta pe alt rut rerouting s. schimbare a rutei / relaiei rerummage v.t. (mar.) a executa o contrarevizie vamal (la. ncrcarea mrfii de exporf) resale s. revnzare ~ price maintenance - fixare a preurilor de revnzare (sistem de vnzare n care preurile la ultimul consumator sunt stabilite de productor) ~ value - valoare de revnzare

rescheduling s. reealonare (a datoriilor) rescind v.t. a anula, a rezilia (un contract) rescission s. anulare, reziliere (a unui contract) research s. cercetare (tiinific'); studiu, investigaie v.i. a face cercetri (tiinifice) ~ and development - cercetare i dezvoltare ~ department - serviciu de cercetare ~ institute - institut de cercetri ~ work - munc de cercetare ~ worker - cercettor researcher s. cercettor {tiinifc) resell v.t. a revinde reservation s. 1. rezervare, retinere (de locuri) 2. (dr.) rezervare, pstrare (a unui drept) ~ fee - tax de rezervare {a locului) reserve s. 1. rezerv; stoc, provizii 2. (fin.) rezerv 3. rezerv, restricie; clauz limitativ adj. de rezerv v.t. 1. a rezerva, a reine (locur) 2. (dr.) a-i rezerva (un drept) ~ account - cont de fonduri de rezerv ~ against bad and doubtful debts fond (bancar) de rezerv pentru creane dubioase ~ bank - (SUA) banc federal de rezerve ~ capital - capital de rezerv ~ currency - rezerv valutar ~ deficiency - deficit de rezerv ~ deposit - depunere de acoperire ~ fund - fond acumulat/de rezerv (pentru investifii) ~ price - pre iniial / de strigare (la hcitaie); pre minim (acceptat de
vnztor)

264

RES

~ ratio - (fin.) rata de rezerv (raportul dintre rezerva monetar a unei bnci i obligaiile totale fa de depozitele clienilor) ~ requirements - rezerv minim obligatorie ~ stock - stoc de rezerv to build up ~s - a constitui rezerve to draw on the ~s - a retrage sume din fondurile de rezerv reship v.t. (mar.) a rencrca; a transborda reshipment s. (mar.) rencrcare; transbordare reside v.i. a locui, a domicilia residence s. 1. domiciliu, reedin 2.reziden ~ for tax purposes - domiciliu fiscal resident adj. domiciliat; rezident s. rezident ~ minister - reprezentant diplomatic, ministru plenipoteniar ~ population - populaie stabil / fix residential adj. rezidenial; referitor la locuine ~ area - cartier rezidenial / de locuine elegante ~ building - bloc de locuine ~ district - cartier de locuine ~ estate - teren parcelat pentru construcia de locuine ~ hotel - hotel - pensiune ~ mortgage - ipotec imobiliar residual adj. rezidual, restant ~ dividend theory - teoria dividendelor reziduale ~ unemployment - omaj rezidual (omaj care afecteaz fora de munc cu eficien sczut, necalifcat, fr
motivaie)

~ value - {cont.) valoare rezidual

(valoarea rmas a unui activ depreciabil)

residuary adj. (dr.) rezidual, restant ~ bequest / legacy - (dr.) motenire a unui legatar universal ~ clause - clauz rezidual / restanta
(privitoare la legatarul universal)

~ estate - motenire rezidual /

restant

~ legatee - (dr.) legatar universal residue s. 1. reziduu 2. (com.) rmi, excedent, sold 3. (dr.) motenire rmas (dup plata impozitelor i a datoriilor) resign v.t. a renuna la (un post, o funcie etc.) v.i. (from) a demisiona, a-i da demisia {din} resignation s. 1. demisie 2. renunare {la un drept) to hand / to send in one 's ~ - a-i da / a-i nainta demisia resistance s. rezisten ~ level - nivel de rezisten (al cursului aciunilor) resort s. 1. resurs, mijloc 2. staiune (climateric) resource 5'. 1. resurs 2. pl. resurse financiare, mijloace bneti ~ allocation - distribuire / repartizare a resurselor ~ audit - (man.) audit al resurselor (m vederea realizrii unei strategii economice) ~ dependence - (nian.) dependen de resurse (asisten financiar, furnizare de materii prime etc.) ~ industry - industria minier ~ management - managementul resurselor

RES

265

resourceless adj. lipsit de resurse/ mijloace / posibiliti resourcelessness s. lips de resurse / mijloace / posibiliti respectable adj. respectabil ~ bill - cambie de clasa nti respite s. amnare, psuire, rgaz v.i. a amna, a psui; a acorda un rgaz
(pentru achitarea unei datorii)

respondentia s. mprumut maritim cu angajarea mrfii ~ bond - contract de mprumut maritim cu angajarea mrfii rest s. 1. rest, rmi 2. fond de rezerv suplimentar (a unei bnci) restaff v.t. a angaja din nou personal pentru (o ntreprindere etc.) restaurant s. restaurant ~ car - vagon-restaurant restaurateur s. restaurator, patron de restaurant restitution s. 1. restituire, napoiere 2. reparare, compensare (a unei pagube) ~ of damage - reparare / compensare a daunei to make ~ - a repara / a compensa o daun restock v.t. a reaproviziona (un
magazin), a reface (un stoc de mrfur)

restorable adj. care poate fi restituit / napoiat restoration s. 1. restituire, napoiere (de bunuri, proprieti) 1. repunere n drepturi; reintegrare (ntr-o funcie anterioar) 3. restaurare, reparare ~ of goods taken m distraint - (dr.) ordin de ridicare a sechestrului restore v.t. 1. a restitui, a napoia 2. a repune n drepturi, a reintegra 3. a restaura, a repara

restrain v.t. a restrnge, a ngrdi (comerul) restraint s. 1. restricie, ngrdire 2. constrngere ~ and detainment - constrngere i reinere (a nave) ~ of authorities - constrngere aplicat de autoriti {asupra nave) ~ of trade - restricii comerciale restrict v.t. a restrnge, a limita restricted adj. restrns, limitat ~ endorsement - andosare restrictiv ~ liability - rspundere limitat ~ licenc'e - licen partial / cu clauze restrictive ~ market - pia restrns / limitat (pe care unul sau mai muli productori au decis s-i limiteze vnzrile) ~ ownership - coproprietate, indiviziune ~ publication - publicaie de uz intem ~ tariff - tarif forfetar ~ voting shares aciuni cu drept de vot restrictiv restriction s. restricie; restrngere, limitare (a creditelor) restrictive adj. restrictiv, limitativ ~ business/trade practices - practici comerciale restrictive (aciuni ale societilor private sau de stat care practic o concuren restrictiv
neoiala)

~ clause - clauz restrictiv ~ covenant - (dr.) acord contractual restrictiv (care interzice anumite aciun) ~ endorsement - andosare restrictiv ~ measures - msuri restrictive restructure v.t. a restructura, a reorganiza

266

RET

retail s. vnzare/comer cu amnuntul/bucata/n detaliu adj. referitor la vnzarea cu amnuntul/bucata/n detaliu adv. cu amnuntul/bucata/n detaliu v.t., v.i. a vinde cu amnuntul/ bucata / n detaliu ~ banks - bnci pentm activiti cu amnuntul (care acord credite consumatorilor ifirmelor mici)

~ dealer - comerciant cu amnuntul, detailist ~ distribution - distribuie / comer cu amnuntul ~ outlet - debueu pe piaa vnzrilor cu amnuntul ~ price - pre cu amnuntul ~ sale - vnzare cu amnuntul ~ shop - magazin cu amnuntul ~ trade - comert n detaliu / cu amnuntul retailer s. comerciant cu amnuntul, detailist retain v.t. 1. a reine 2. a angaja (un avocat etc.); a lua n serviciu 3. a pstra, a menine retained adj. reinut ~ earnings / profit - profit acumulat / nedistribuit (acionarilor cu scopul formrii defonduri de investiii) retainer s. arvun; avans, onorariu de angajare (pentru un avocat) retaliate v.i. (on) a aplica represalii (impotriva) retaliation s. represalii ~ tariff - tarif vamal de represalii retaliatory adj. de represalii, represiv ~ duty - tax vamal de represalii ~ measures - msuri represive, represalii ~ tariff - tarif vamal de represalii

retention s. 1. reinere 2. pl. profit reinut / nedistribuit {acionarilor cu scopul formrii defonduri de investiii) ~ money - penalizri (in cazul nendeplinirii obligaiilor contractuale) ~ ratio - rat de retenie (partea profitului nerepartiza din totalul profitului companiei) retire v.t. 1. a pensiona, a scoate la pensie 2. a retrage din circulaie (bani) 3. a achita (o cambie nainte de scadena) v.i. 1. a demisiona; a se pensiona 2. a se retrage (din afacer) retired adj. 1. pensionat 2. retras (din afaceri) ~ bill - cambie retras (inainte de scadena) sau nlocuit (cu alte cambii) ~ list - list a funcionarilor pensionai ~ pay - pensie (a unui funcionar sau
militar)

retiree s. pensionar, persoan retras din activitate retirement s. 1. pensionare 2. retragere din circulaie (a banilor) 3. achitare {a unei cambii nainte de scadena) 4. casare (a unui mijlocfix) ~ annuity - poli de asigurare cu plata unei anuiti din momentul pensionrii ~ benefits - beneficii de pensionare, pensii ~ funding - fonduri de finanare a pensionrii ~ on account of age / pension pensionare pentru limit de vrst ~ plan - plan de pensionare retiring adj. care iese la pensie, pensionat; referitor la pensionare ~ age - vrst de pensionare ~ fund - fond de pensii ~ pension - pensie pentru limit de
vrst

RET-REV

267

retoolv.?. areutila retractable adj. retractabil ~ bond - obligaiune retractabil (care ii ofer deintorului opiunea de a o revinde emitentului la valoarea nominal, nainte de maturitate) retraining s. recalifcare (profesional) retrench v.t. a reduce, a micora (cheluielile) v.i. a-i reduce cheltuielile, a face economii retrenchment s. reducere, micorare (a cheltuielilor)\ economie retroact v.i. a avea efect retroactiv, a aciona retroactiv (despre legi) retroaction s. putere retroactiv, efect retroactiv (al unei legi) retroactive adj. retroactiv return s. 1. ntoarcere, napoiere 2. rambursare, restituire, ristum 3. {i pl.) profit, beDeficiu; ncasri; randament, rentabilitate 4. refuzare, napoiere, reexpediere (de mrfuri necorespunztoare) 5. pl. mrfuri refuzate; stoc nevndut 6. recompens, rsplat 7. raport oficial; comunicat oficial; dare de seam, expunere 8. recensmnt (al populaie) adj. referitor la ntoarcere / napoiere v.t. 1. a rambursa, a restitui 2. a aduce, a produce (un venit) 3. a anuna, a declara (venitul) v.i. a se ntoarce, a reveni ~ address - adres a expeditorului ~ draft - contratrat ~ duty - tax vamal restituit ~ fare - pre al biletului dus-ntors ~ freight - (mar.) navlu de napoiere ~ load - ncrctur de napoiere ~ of charges - degrevare de taxe ~ of expenses - dare de seam asupra cheltuielilor ~ of income - declaraie de venituri

~ of premium - restituire a primei de asigurare ~ of shares - randament al aciunilor ~ of the year - rezultat al exerciiului financiar ~ on assets - rentabilitatea activelor
(raportul dintre profitul net i activul total)

~ on capital / investment - rentabilitatea investiiei - on (common) equity - rentabilitatea capitalurilor proprii (profitul disponibil pentru acionari mprit la capita-lurile propri) ~s inwards book - (cont.) registru al mrfurilor retumate / refuzate ~ ticket bilet dus-ntors returnable adj. retumabil - goods - mrfuri n consignaie returned adj. 1. restituit, napoiat 2. refuzat ~ cheque - cec refuzat ~ empty - restituit gol (despre un
container sau vagon)

reusable adj. refolosibil ~ materials - materiale refolosibile reuse v.t. a refolosi revalorize v.t. a revaloriza (moneda
etc.)

revaluation s. reevaluare ~ of assets - reevaluare a activelor ~ reserve - rezerv obinut din reevaluarea sau vnzarea unor active revalue v.t. a reevalua revenue s. 1. venit (anual); pl. beneficii, profit 2. bunuri care constituie surs de venit -- account - (cont.) cont de venituri / ncasri fiscale ~ assets - capital circulant / mobil ~ authority - autoritate fiscal, fisc

268

REV-RIG

~ bond - obligaiune cu ctiguri (obigaiune municipal susinut prin veniturile proiectului finanat) ~ collection - colectarea impozitelor ~ cutter - alup vamal ~ duties - taxe fiscale ~ earning capital - capital productiv ~ expediture cheltuieli de ntreinere i productie ~ flag - (mar.) pavilion vamal ~ from land - venit funciar ~ offce - administraie financiar ~ officer - administrator financiar functionar vamal ~ receipts ncasri fiscale ~ stamp - timbru fiscal; banderol (care atest plata taxei de timbru) ~ tariff - tarif fiscal ~ tax - impozit pe profit ~ ton - ton vamal reverse adj. invers s. revers; verso, contrapagin v.t. 1. a inversa 2. (dr.) a anula, a casa; a abroga ~ takeover - (bur.) preluare invers (cumprarea unei societi anonime de ctre una cu rspundere limitat sau a unei societi mari de ctre una mai mic) reversible adj. reversibil ~ days - (mar.) zile de operare reversibile ~ lay days - (mar.) stalii reversibile reversion s. (dr.) reversiune, reversie to come into ~ - a intra n posesia unui bun prin reversiune reversionary adj. referitor la reversiune ~ annuity - (asig.) anuitate prin reversiune ~ interest - (dr.) reversiune, reversie revictual v.t., v.i. a (se) reaproviziona

revival ^. 1. relansare (economic); reluare (a legturilor economice) 1. repunere/reintrare n vigoare (a unei

leg)

revocable adj. revocabil ~ post - funcie amovibil revocation s. revocare; anulare, abrogare revoke v.t. a revoca; a anula, a abroga
(o lege)

revolve v.i. a reveni periodic / cu regularitate revolving adj. care revine periodic / cu regularitate ~ credit agreement - acord de credit cu rennoire automat ~ fund - fond circulant (din care se mprumut bani i n care se rentorc creditele acordate cu dobnda aferent); (SUA) tbnd (guvernamental) circulant (destinat finanrii serviciilor publice} reward s. recompens, rsplat; premiu v.t. a recompensa, a rsplti; a premia ~ system - sistem de recompense rich adj. 1. bogat, avut 2. roditor, fertil to grow ~ - a se mbogi to strike it ~ - a se mbogi peste noapte rider s. 1. anex (la un document, o lege); alonj (la cambie) 2. clauz adiional (la un contract) rig v.t. a falsifica to ~ the market - a manipula piaa, a produce (n mod artificial) creteri sau scderi de preuri right adj. 1. drept 2. corect; exact s. drept ~ and true delivery - (mar.) predare
exact

RIG-RIS

269

~ of action - drept de a aciona n judecat ~ of angary - (mar.) drept de angarie ~ of entry - drept de (re)intrare n posesie (asupra umd teren) ~ of frst refusal - drept de prioritate asupra ofertei ~ of option - drept de opiune of pre-emption - drept de preempiune ~ of return - drept de retumare (a mrfurilor nevndute) ~ of search - (mar.) drept de control / vizit ~ of signature - drept de semntur ~ of way - drept de trecere / pasaj ~ s issue drept preferenial de subscriere (pentru acionarii existeni) ~ offing - drepturi n perspectiv (emisiune de titluri de valoare ctre acionarii existeni) ~ to enforce - drept de a executa (prin judecat) ~ to strike - drept la grev ~ to work drept de munc rightful adj. legal, legitim ring s. 1. cartel, sindicat patronal 2. grup, cerc (de persoane cu inerese economice comune susinute pe ci ilegale) 3. ring, loc de negociere (la burs) riot .y.revolt, rscoal ~s and civil commotions - (asig. mar.) rscoale i rzboaie civile riparian adj. riveran; de pe litoral / coast s. proprietar riveran rise s. cretere, ridicare, mrire (a preurilor) v.i. a crete, a se ridica, a Se mri (despre preur) to operate for a ~/to speculate on the ~ (bur.) a face speculaii la hausse

rising adj. n cretere / urcare ~ market - pia cu tendin de cretere (a preurilor) ~ price - pre n cretere risk s. (asig.) risc v.t. a risca ~ analysis - (fin.) analiza riscului ~ at sea - risc maritim / pe mare ~ aversion - aversiune fa de risc (a
investitorilor)

~ capital - capital de risc/pentru speculaii ~ coefficient - coeficient de risc ~ - free rate - (fn.) rat fr risc
(rentabilitatea unei investifii lipsite de risc)

~ insured - risc asigurat ~ management - managementul riscurilor ~ money - fond pentru manco de cas ~ of boats / craft - risc de transbordare ~ of breakage - risc de spargere ~ of capture and seizure clause (asig. mar.) clauza riscului de captur i sechestrare ~ of collision - risc de coliziune / abordaj ~ of seizure - (asig. mar.) risc de captur ~ portfolio - portofoliu de riscuri ~ premium - (fin.) prim de risc (diferena dintre rata necesar a rentabilitu unui activ riscant dat i rata rentabilitii unui activ lipsit de risc cu aceeai via estimata) ~ taker - persoan (investitor) care i asum riscul ~s and perils of the sea - riscuri i pericole ale mrii to incur a ~ - a se expune unui risc to lay off a ~ - a efectua o reasigurare

270

RIV-ROU

rival adj., s. rival v.t. a concura, a rivaliza cu v.i. a rivaliza, a fi n concuren rivalry s. rivalitate, concuren river s. ru; fluviu adj. de ru; fluvial ~ barge - lep fluvial ~ bill of lading - conosament fluvial ~ boat/ship/vessel - nav fluvial ~ - borne - transportat pe fluviu ~ charges / dues - taxe fluviale ~ fshery - pescuit fluvial ~ insurance - asigurare fluvial ~ navigation - navigaie fluvial ~ port - port fluvial ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor fluviale ~ transportation - transport fluvial riverain adj., s. riveran road s. 1. dmm; osea 2. (SUA) cale ferat 3. (mar.) rad ~ board - administraia drumurilor ~ haulage / transport - transport rutier ~ haulier - transportator ~ network - reea mtier ~ officials - funcionari din serviciile drumurilor ~ ship / vessel - nav de rad roadbook s. ghid rutier roadhouse s. restaurant pe marginea unei osele roadman s. drumar roadstead s. (mar.) rad roadtax s. tax de drumuri, impozit rutier roadworks s.pl. lucrri de drumuri robber 5'. jefuitor, tlhar ~ economy - economie de jaf (care exploateaz la limit resursele naturale) robot s. robot; automat ~ distributor - distribuitor automat robotics s. robotic

rod s. prjin (unitate de msur pentru lungime i suprafata) ~ of brickwork - prjin de zidrie de crmid (unitate de msurd pentru suprafa) ~ rollback s. reducere general a preurilor, salariilor etc. {impus de
guvem)

rolling adj. rulant ~ stock - (c.f.) material rulant, parc de vagoane rollover s. rollover, prelungire; reealonare (a unor obligaii financiare); reinvestire (a unui titlu de valoare cnd acesta ajunge la scadena) rood 5'. prjin (unitate de mdsur pentru lungime i suprafaa) rook v.t. a nela, a escroca room s. camer; sal ~ service - serviciu de camer (intr-un hotel) rotation s. rotaie ~ of crops - asolament, rotaie a culturilor agricole ~ of directors - rotaie a directorilor ~ of jobs - rotaie a sarcinilor / locului de munc round adj. 1. rotund 2. rotund, complet, ntreg (despre cifre) 3. aproximativ, estimativ, n cifre rotunde (despre calcule) s. mnd (de negocieri) v.t. (off) a rotunji (calcule, cifre) ~ dozen - duzin complet ~ figure/number - cifr rotund, numr ntreg; cifr aproximativ / estimativ ~ lot - (bur.) pachet/lot complet de aciuni (de circa 100 de aciuni pe care un investitor dorete s le cumpere) ~ tour - cltorie n circuit

ROU-RUN

271

~ trip - cltorie dus-ntors; bilet de cltorie dus-ntors ~ - trip charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire dus-ntors ~ voyage - (mar.) cltorie / voiaj dus-ntors route s. rut; drum v.t. a dirija (mrfuri
etc.)

~ sheet - foaie de drum routine s. rutin; procedur adj. curent, normal; cotidian ~ business - afaceri curente ~ inspection - control tehnic la locul de producie ~ work - serviciu curent royal adj. regal Royal Exchange - Bursa din Londra Royal Mint - Monetria Regal royalty s. 1. drepturi / indemnizatii de autor sau inventator 2. redeven ~ fee - tax de redeven; tax anual pltit de franchiser pentru folosirea metodei i experienei franizor rubber s. 1. cauciuc 2. pl. aciuni ale fabricilor productoare de cauciuc adj. de cauciuc ~ stamp - tampil de cauciuc rule s. 1. regul, norm, prescripie 2. pl. regulament 3. ordonan, decizie 4. autoritate; conducere v.t. 1. (dr.) a decide, a hotr 2. a guvema, a conduce 3. (off) a ncheia (un cont) v.i. a cota, a se menine (despre un curs etc.) ~ of court - sentin / decizie a tribunalului ~s and regulations - statute i regulamente ~s of procedure - norme de procedur ruling adj. conductor, de conducere/ guvemmnt 2. curent, actual;

predominant s. 1. ordonan / decizie judectoreasc 2. conducere, guvemare ~ price - pre curent/al pieei/n vigoare rummage s. control vamal (la bord) v.i. a face controlul vamal (la bord) ~ sale - vnzare a mrfurilor neridicate la termen (din vama) run s. 1. lot, serie 2. (c.f.) parcurs, traseu 3. funcionare, regim de lucru (al unei main) 4. cerere, solicitare (a clientelei) 5. (bur.) list a cotaiilor (la cumprare sau vnzare) v.t. 1. a conduce, a administra (o afacere etc.) 1. a face, a ndeplini (un comision) 3. a introduce prin contraband, a face contraband de; a nclca prevederile vamale 4. a parcurge (p distana} 5. a exploata (p nav, un utilaj etc.) 6. (down) a reduce (activitatea unei ntreprinderi ca msur premergtoare nchiderii ei); a lichida (stocul de materii prime sau produse finite) 1. (up) a lsa s se mreasc (un cont); a urca (preurie); a lsa s se adune (datorii) v.i. 1. a fimctiona (despre mam} 2. a fi n vigoare, a-i pstra efectul / valabilitatea (despre legi, decrete) 3. (on) a se acumula (despre datorii); a decurge, a-i urma cursul (despre un contract) 4. (to) a atinge (o cifr, o sum) 5. (up) a crete, a se mri (despre preur) runaway adj. putemic, nestvilit ~ inflation - inflatie putemic/ nestvi-lit, hiperinflaie running adj. 1. curent 2. succesiv; continuu ~ account - cont curent

272

~ agreement - (mar.) contract de angajare a echipajului pentru mai multe cltorii ~ broker - agent de schimb de cambii ~ contract - contract n curs de demlare ~ costs - cheltuieli curente {de producie) ~ days - (mar.) zile curgtoare (m
contarea staliilor)

~ - down clause - (mar.) clauza coliziunii / abordajului ~ interest - dobnd curent ~ number mark - numr de ordine (al
coletului de marfa)

~ policy - poli de asigurare general / flotant

RUN-RYE

~ repair - reparaie curent ~ term - termen curent ~ work - funcionare continu ~ working days - (mar.) zile de lucru
curgtoare (m contarea staliilor)

rural adj. rural ~ credit society - societate de credit agricol ~ economy - economie mral/agricol rush 5-. afluen (de clientel) adj. 1. aglomerat 2. urgent
~ hour - or de vrf (de trafic)

~ order - comand urgent

~ season - sezon de vrf

rye s. secar ~ terms - (mar.) condiii -contractuale de livrare a secarei / grnelor

294

SMA-SOL

investitori cu experien; investitori cu experien smash s. faliment, crah v.i. a da faliment smuggle v.t. a face contraband cu 2. (in) a introduce sau a importa prin contraband 3. (out) a scoate sau a exporta prin contraband v.i. a face contraband; a fi contrabandist smuggler s. contrabandist smuggling s. contraband snake s. (fin.) arpe (monetar); principiul arpelui n tunel" {adoptat de CEE pentru a controla fluctuaiile
zilnice ale valutelor rilor-membre fa de dolar)

snap adj. neateptat, neprevzut v.t. (up) a prinde (un chilipir, o ocazie) ~ check - control neprevzut (la locul
de munca)

soar v.i. a crete/a urca putemic {despre preur) social adj. social; public ~ accounting - contabilitate social/ naional ~ audit - audit social (justifcarea costurilor i beneficiilor impuse societii de ntreprinderi) ~ balance sheet - bilan social (asupra locurilor de munca) ~ costs - costuri sociale ~ inflation - inflaie social (creterea primelor polielor de asigurare ale societilor de asigurare datorit unor procese etc.) ~ insurance - asigurri sociale ~ insurance fund - fond/cas de asigurri sociale - marketing - marketing social ~ (overhead) capital - infrastructur

~ overheads - servich edilitare/ municipale ~ responsibility - responsabilitate social (a firmelor pentru bunul mers al societii n genera) ~ security - asisten social; (SUA) asigurri sociale ~ security taxes - impozite de asigurri sociale ~ service - serviciu social ~ standing - poziie social ~ status - stare/condiie social ~ welfare - asisten social ~ work - (activitate de) asisten social ~ worker - asistent social socialism s. socialism socialist adj., s. socialist ~ economy - economie socialist society s. societate; asociaie socioeconomic adj. socioeconomic ~ grade - grup socioeconomic soft adj. moale ~ currency - valut neconvertibil ~ drink - butur nealcoolic ~ goods - msur de folosin scurt; produse textile (yndute ca material) - loan - credit preferenial (cu termeni
favorabili de rambursare)

~ market - pia cu preuri instabile (pentru c oferta este mai mare dect cererea) ~ money - bancnot, moned de hrtie ~ sell(ing) - vnzare neagresiv/prin reclam persuasiv soil s. sol, pmnt, teren ~ improvement - ameliorare a solului ~ science - pedologie ~ scientist - pedolog sola s. cambie ntr-un singur exemplar sole adj. singur, unic; exclusiv

SOL-SPA

295

-- agent - reprezentant exclusiv, agent unic (al unei companii ntr-o anumit zon) ~ of exchange - cambie ntr-un singur exemplar ~ exporter - exportator exclusiv ~ legatee - (dr.) legatar universal ~ owner/proprietor - proprietar unic, singur proprietar - right - drept exclusiv ~ trader - asociat unic ~ weight - greutate proprie solicitor s. 1. avocat consultant (care are voie s pledeze numai n instanele inferioare); jurisconsult 2. (SUA) agent comercial 3. solicitant, petitionar ~ general - ef al contenciosului ~ 's department - contencios ~ 's lien - drept de retenie al avocatului solvability v. solvency solvable v. solvent solvency s. (fin.) solvabilitate ~ ratio - indice de solvabilitate solvent adj. solvabil ~ debtor - debitor solvabil ~ demand - cerere solvabil sort s. fel, gen, categorie; sort, sortiment v.t. a sorta, a tria, a clasa sortable adj. sortabil, care poate fi
triat/clasat

sorter s. main de sortare, trior, sortator sorting s. sortare, triere, clasificare ~ by consignee - sortare a mrfurilor la destinaie ~ by marks - sortare a mrfurilor pe baza mrcilor de pe ambalaj sound adj. 1. intact, ntreg, n bun stare 2. solid, sigur, solvabil (despre o firma) 3. (dr.) legal, legitim, real

~ condition - stare bun (a mrfurilor) ~ currency - moned stabil ~ finance - politic financiar stabil ~ frm - frm solvabil ~ quality - calitate bun (a produselor) ~ title - titlu de proprietate legal to be a ~ man - a avea credit pe pia source s. surs (de aprovizionare etc.) ~ document - (cont.) document-surs (facturi, note deplat etc.) ~ s and uses of funds - (cont.) surse i utilizri ale fondurilor sovereign adj. suveran, independent ~ rating - (fin.) notare a riscului de ar ~ risk - risc de suveranitate (riscul exproprierii activelor unei filiale strine de ctre ara-gazd sau restricii neprevzute asupra fluxurilor de numerar ctre compania-mama} sow v.t., v.i. a semna, a nsmna sower s. semntor; semntoare sowing s. semnat, nsmnare ~ machine - semntoare ~ seed - smn ~ time - semnat, vremea semnatului spa s. 1. izvor de ape minerale 2. staiune balnear span s. capacitate ~ of control,- (man.) capacitate de control (numrul optim de subordonai asupra cruia managerul poate exercita un control eficient) space s. 1. spatiu 2. interval de timp v.t. (i ~ out) 1. a spaia, a aeza/a dispune din loc n loc 2. a ealona (plile) ~ saving - economie de spaiu spare adj. 1. de rezerv, de schimb 2. disponibil, liber, excedentar s. 1. surplus, excedent 2. pies de rezerv/schimb v.. 1. a economisi, a

s
sack s. sac; continut al unui sac v.t. a nscui, a pune n saci ~ - filling machine - main de umplut saci ~ packer - main de nscuit/ambalat n saci sackcloth s. pnz de sac sacking s. 1. nscuire, ambalare/ punere n saci 2. pnz de sac sacrifce s. sacrificiu, pierdere v.t. a vinde n pierdere ~ price - pre de sacrificiu/sub preul de cost ~ sale - vnzare n pierdere to sell at a ~ - a vinde n pierdere
saddle v.t. a mpovra (cu datorii, impozite)

~ procedure - tehnica securitii muncii, msuri de protecia muncii safeguard s. 1. garanie, siguran 2. dispozitiv de protecie v.t. a apra, a
proteja (o industrie)

safe adj. 1. sigur 2. intact, n bune condiii s. seif, cas de bani ~ and full delivery - (cow.) livrare complet n bune condiii ~ arrival - (mar.) sosire n bune condiii ~ - conduct - permis de liber trecere ~ custody - custodie/pstrare sigur
(serviciu bancar)

~ customer - client sigur/serios ~ deposit - seif, cas de bani ~ handling - manipulare sigur/far pericol ~ house - firm serioas ~ investment - investiie sigur ~ load sarcin maxim admis; ncrctur nepericuloas ~ port - port sigur (din punctul de
vedere al ncrcrii sau al descrcrii)

safeguarding s. aprare, protejare adj. de aprare/protejare ~ duties - taxe de protejare (a produselor indigene) safety s. siguran, securitate ~ coefficient - coeficient de siguran ~ education - pregtire de tehnica proteciei muncii ~ engineer - tehnician responsabil cu aplicarea msurilor de protecia muncii ~ factor - factor de siguran ~ margin - maij de siguran ~ prescriptions/regulations - norme de tehnica proteciei muncii ~ specifications - specificaii tehnice pentm asigurarea proteciei muncii ~ stock ~ stoc-tampon/de siguran (stocuri suplimentare pstrate ca rezerv n caz de ntrziere a produciei, a livrrilor etc.) ~ vault - camer/galerie de valori, tezaur (intr-o banca} sag s. scdere (a preurilor) v.i. a scdea {despre preur) sagging s. scdere, depresiune adj. n scdere ~ market - pia n scdere
sail v.i. a naviga

sailing s. navigaie ~ advice aviz de expediie pe mare ~ area - raion de navigaie

274

SAI-SAL

~ date - data plecrii (navei) ~ draft/draught - pescaj de plecare ~ permit - permis de plecare (a navei) sailor s. marinar ~ boy - elev-marinar, mus ~'s pass - camet de marinar salariat s. salariai, categoria salariailor salaried adj. salariat ~ employee/man - salariat salary s. salariu (mai ales de funcionar) v. t. a salariza ~ bracket - clas/categorie de salarizare ~ earner - salariat ~ savings insurance - asigurare de via cu prime achitate/reinute din salariu ~ scale - gril de salarizare ~ tax - impozit pe salarii sale s. 1. vnzare 2. licitaie 3. (co/n.) sold ~ and leaseback - vnzare i leaseback ~ as seen - vnzare imediat (far garanii privind starea mrfil) ~ book - facturier ~ by auction - vnzare la licitaie ~ by description - vnzare conform descrierii (fcute mrfii de vnztor) ~ by/on commision - vnzare n comision ~ by/on sample - vnzare pe baz de mostre ~ by order of the court - vnzare silit ~ by private treaty - vnzare pe baz de acord privat ~ by sealed tender - vnzare pe baz de ofert nchis

~ contract - contract de vnzare: (bur.) borderou de vnzare ~ for cash - vnzare cu plata n numerar ~ for future delivery - vnzare cu livrare la termen ~ for the account/settlement - (bur.) vnzare la termen ~ goods - solduri; mrfuri de calitate inferioar ~ invoice - factur de vnzare ~ note - borderou de vnzare ~ of work - vnzare de articole fcute sau aduse de acas (de ctre membrii unei asociaii pentru a colecta ondur) ~ on approval/approbation - vnzare condiionat ~ on arrival - vnzare la sosire (a mrfurilor) ~ on credit - vnzare pe credit ~ on trial - vnzare de prob ~ or return - cumprare de prob (cumprtorul putnd restitui marfa) ~ price - pre de vnzare; pre de sold ~ room - sal de licitaii ~ s account - (cont.) cont de vnzri ~ s agent/representative - agent de vnzri, reprezentant comercial ~ s analysis - analiz a vnzrilor ~ s apathy/resistance - apatie/ rezisten la cumprare (m ciuda reclamei) ~ s average - media vnzrilor ~ s book - registru de vnzri ~ s budget - buget/estimare a(l) vnzrilor ~ s campaign/drive - campanie de vnzri ~ s channels - canale de distribuie (a
mrfii)

~ s coverage - acoperire a posibilitilor de vnzare (raportul dintre

SAL

275

numrul estimat de clieni i numrul pe care l poate deservi un agent de vnzri) ~ s department - serviciu comercial/ de vnzri ~ s depth test - analiza vnzrilor n adncime (de la primirea comenzii pn la expedierea mrfii i a facturilor) ~ s exhibition - expoziie cu vnzare ~ s fnance company - societate de credite pentru vnzri n rate (ale bunurilor defolosin ndelungat) ~ s forecast - prognoz a vnzrilor ~ s incentive - stimulent pentru vnzri (oferit agentului de vnzri) ~ s leaflet - foaie de reclam, prospect ~ s letter - scrisoare de reclam ~ s literature literatur comercial (reclame, brouri, cataloage etc.) ~ s manager - director comercial; ef al serviciului de vnzri ~ s mix - asortiment n vnzare ~ s outlet - debueu, pia de desfacere ~ s potential - potenial de vnzare ~ s promotion - promovare a vnzrilor ~ s quota - cot de vnzri (a unui agent de vnzri) ~ s response function - funcia de stimulare a vnzrilor (relaia dintre activitatea de marketing i nivelul vnzrilor) ~ s returns book - (cont.) registru de mrfuri retumate/refuzate ~ s reyenue - ncasri din vnzri ~ s tax - impozit pe preul cu amnuntul; impozit pe circulaia mrfurilor (perceput n fiecare etap a procesului de distribuie)

~ territory/zone - arie a vnzrilor (de care rspunde un agent de vnzri) ~ value - valoare comercial; valoare la vnzare sal(e)ability s. vandabilitate sal(e)able adj. vandabil ~ value - valoare comercial saleless adj. nevandabil salesclerk s. vnztor, vnztoare salesgirl s. vnztoare saleslady s. (SUA) vnztoare salesman s. 1. vnztor; comerciant 2. comisionar, intermediar comercial; agent / reprezentant comercial 3. angrosist salesmanship s. tehnica/abilitatea de a vinde salespeople s. (SUA) personal care se ocup cu vnzrile, vnztori; comerciani saleswoman v. salesgirl salient adj. evident, caracteristic; predominant ~ atribute - atribut evident/ caracteristic (al unuiprodus) salvage s. 1. salvare (a unei nave), asisten maritim; ranfluare 2. mrfuri salvate, ncrctur recuperat; nav salvat 3. remuneraie/prim de salvare v.t. 1. a salva (o nav'); a ranflua 2. a recupera (o ncrctur prin salvare) ~ agreement - contract de salvare ~ award - hotrre judectoreasc de salvare ~ bond/lien - drept de retenie i privilegiu pentru remuneraia de salvare ~ charges/expenses - cheltuieli de salvare

276

SAL-SAV

~ claim - solicitare a remuneratiei de salvare ~ clause - clauza salvrii ~ company - companie de salvare ~ department/service - serviciu de salvare ~ loss - pierdere la salvare ~ money/remuneration - remuneraie/ prim de salvare ~ operations/works - operaii/lucrri de salvare ~ tug - remorcher de salvare ~ value - valoare a bunurilor salvate; valoare rezidual (yaloarea unui activ de capital la sfritul perioadei specificate; n problemele de alocare a capitalului, ea reprezint preul actual pepia al unui activ la mna a doud) ~ vessel - nav de salvare salvaging s. operaii/lucrri de salvare salvor s. salvator, persoan sau nav care particip la operaii/lucrri de salvare ~ 's lien - drept de retenie al salvatorului sample s. mostr, eantion, prob v.t. a eantiona, a preleva mostre din, a lua probe de ~ assortment/collection - colecie de mostre ~ book - album de mostre ~ card - carton/colecie de eantioane
(de materiale textile)

~ fair - trg de mostre ~ folder - map cu mostre ~ man - probagiu (la sonde) ~ of fabric/work - prob de lucm (in
industria textila)

~ post - mostr fr valoare (meniune pe un colet de mostre) ~ signature - specimen de semntur ~ survey - anchet prin sondaj sampler s. 1. aparat/sond pentru prelevare de probe 2. probagiu sampling s. eantionare, prelevare de mostre/probe * ~ device - aparat/dispozitiv de luat probe ~ error - eroare de eantionare ~ range extindere a prelevrii de mostre ~ works - laborator de probe sanction s. 1. sanctiune, pedeaps 2. sancionare, aprobare v.t. 1. a sanciona, a pedepsi 2. a sanciona, a aproba (o lege) sandwich s. sandvi ~ board - reclam pe pancarte (care se prind n faa i n spatele omului care le poarta) ~ man - om-reclam (care poart reclame) sanitary adj. sanitar ~ articles - articole sanitare ~ certificate - certificat sanitar ~ inspector - inspector sanitar satellite s. satelit adj. subordonat (unei autoriti centrale), dependent ~ office - birou/oficiusatelit (filial) ~ town - ora-satelit (dependent eco-nomic de un ora mai mare) saturation s. saturatie ~ point punct/limit de saturaie save v.t. a economisi, a face economie de ~ as you earn scheme - sistem de economisire din salariu (prin care se scade regulat o sum de bani din salariu)

~ offer - ofert nsotit de mostre ~ order - comand de prob ~ piece - model, eantion

SAV-SCH

277

saver s. 1. persoan econoam 2. economizor saving adj. 1. econom 2. restrictiv, care introduce o restricie (despre o clauz) s. economie; pl. economii, sum economisit ~ clause - clauz restrictiv ~ s account - cont de economii ~ s and loan association - (SUA) asociatie de economii i credite ~ s bank - banc de economii ~ s bond - obligaiune de economii ~ s book - libret de economii ~ s certificate - certificat (de titluri de valoare) de economii ~ s ratio - rata economiilor (din venitul personal disponibil) scale s. 1. scal, scar (a unui instrument) 2 pl. cntar, balan 3. tarif 4. nivel; scar, proportie v.t. 1. a reprezenta la scar (o hart) 2. a cntri 3. (down) a reduce (preuri) 4. (up) a ridica (preuri) ~ charge/rate - pre tarifar ~ of living - nivel de trai ~ of prices - gam de preuri ~ of production - nivel al produciei ~ ofwages - trepte de salarizare ~ test - verificare a cntarelor scalp v.t. (SUA) 1. a vinde sau a cumpra (aciuni) sub cursul oficial (in scopul unui proft mic i rapid) 2. a revinde (bilete) peste preul oficial scalper s. (SUA) speculant (de aciun) scarce adj. insuficient, redus, puin ~ currency - devize insuficiente (pe piaa de schimb) ~ goods - penurie de bunuri to be ~ of - a duce lips de scarcity s. 1. penurie, lips, insuficien 2. scumpete

~ of capital - lips de capital ~ of labour lips de mn de lucm ~ price/value - pre supraevaluat din cauza insufcienei mrfii ~ rent - arend suplimentar (pltit pentru terenuri cnd acestea sunt insuficiente) schedule s. 1. plan, schem 2. (com.) list, borderou; inventar; nomenclator 3. tarif 4. tabel, grafic; orar 5. (dr.) anex, not explicativ v.t. 1. a trece pe o list, a nregistra 2. a programa, a planifica 3. (dr.) a anexa, a aduga ca anex ~ approach - (cont.) abordare planifi-cat (pentru elaborarea situaiei fluxului de numerar) ~ of demand - structur a cererii ~ of prices - list de preuri ~ speed vitez comercial ~ tare - (SUA) tar conform tarifului vamal ~ tax - impozit conform categoriei de impunere ~ work - munc conform graficului to arrive on ~ - a sosi conform orarului scheduled adj. 1. programat, planificat 2. tarifar ~ investment - investiie planificat ~ payment - plat planificat/scadent la o dat precizat ~ price - pre tarifar ~ services - servicii regulate ~ tax - impozit conform categoriei de impunere scheduling s. programare (a obiecti-velor etc.); planifcare calendaristic scheme s. schem, plan; proiect; sistem ~ of composition / arrangement between debtor and creditors - (dr.)

278

SCH-SEA

concordat, aranjament ntre debitor i creditori (in caz defaliment) scientifc adj. tiinific ~ research - cercetare tiinific ~ researcher - cercettor tiinific scrap . deeu, rebut, material rebutat; fier vechi v.t. a da la rebut; a da la fier
vechi

~ iron - fier vechi ~ paper - maculatur screening s. {man.) screening, selectare, alegere (a celei mai bune
altemative)

scrip s. 1. certificat provizoriu (de aciuni, obligaiuni etc.)', chitan 2. aciune suplimentar emis n contul dividendelor 3. bon valoric ~ dividend - dividend pltit prin certificat provizoriu (care prevede plata n numerar la o dat ulterioar
specificat)

~ issue - emisiune de aciuni gratuite {ctre acionarii unei societi), capitalizarea rezervelor scripholder s. deintor de certificate
provizorii etc.

sea s. mare adj. maritim, referitor la mare ~ carriage - transport maritim ~ carrier - cru maritim ~ - damaged goods - mrfuri avariate de apa de mare ~ - damaged terms - clauza avariilor de mare" (n transporul de cereale) ~ farming - maricultur ~ fishery - pescuit maritim ~ fleet - flot maritim ~ freight - navlu maritim ~ harbour/port - port maritim ~ insurance - asigurare maritim ~ law - drept maritim

~ league - leghe marin (aproximativ trei mile marine) ~ mile - mil marin/nautic passage/transit traversad maritim ~ pay - remuneratie pentru serviciul pemare ~ pipe - conduct marin (pentru transportul produselor petroliere) ~ route - mt maritim ~ ship - nav maritim ~ shipping - navigaie maritim; transport maritim ~ trade - comert maritim ~ trading company - companie de navigaie maritim ~ traffc - trafic maritim seaboard s. litoral, coast maritim adj. litoral ~ markets - piee/debueuri pe coast ~ town - ora maritim/de coast seaborne adj. transportat pe mare; maritim -trade - comer maritim seagoing adj. maritim, de navigaie ~ freight - navlu; marf transportat pe mare ~ ship/vessel - nav maritim ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor maritime seal s. 1. sigiliu, plomb/plumb de garanie 2. tampil v.t. 1. a sigila, a plumbui 2. a tampila, a autoriza, a confirma (prin aplicarea tampile) sealed adj. sigilat; tampilat ~ tender - ofert nchis/sigilat (la licitaie) seaman s. marinar; matelot ~ apprentice/boy - elev-marinar, mus ~'s free cargo - bunuri ale echipajului scutite de navlu seamen s. pl. echipaj de nav

SEA-SEC

279

~'s lien - drept de retenie i privilegiu al echipajului (asupra navei i ncrcttirii n cazul neplii salariilor) search s. cutare, cercetare 2. percheziie; control, inspecie v.t. 1. a cuta, a cerceta 2. a percheziiona; a controla, a inspecta ~ unemployment - omaj temporar (pn la gsirea unuiposf} ~ warrant - mandat de percheziie searcher s. perchezitor; vame seaside s. 1. litoral 2. statiune de coast/litoral adj. referitor la coast/litoral ~ resort - staiune pe litoral season s. sezon ~ ticket - (c.f.) abonament seasonal adj. sezonier, de sezon ~ articles - articole de sezon ~ demand - cerere sezonier ~ employment - serviciu sezonier ~ fluctuations/swings/variations fluctuaii/variaii sezoniere ~ port - port sezonier ~ prices - preuri sezoniere ~ trade - comer sezonier ~ unemployment - omaj sezonier ~ worker - muncitor sezonier seaworthy adj. n stare de navigabilitate, capabil s tin marea (despre o nav) ~ packing - ambalaj maritim second 1. num., adj. fal) doilea 2. s. pl. mrfuri de calitatea a doua best/-chop/-class/-rate - (de) calitatea a doua ~ bottom working - (mar.) operare n dan dubl ~ - class paper - efect de comer de clasa a doua ~ endorser - al doilea andosator

~ - half - referitor la a doua jumtate

(a anului financiar)

~ - hand - de ocazie, vechi, uzat ~ - hand dealer - comerciant de mrfuri de ocazie ~ - hand shop - magazin de mrfuri de ocazie ~ - hand tonnage - tonaj al navelor nvechite ~ - mortgage - a doua ipotec; reipotecare ~ via/of exchange - al doilea exemplar al cambiei secondary adj. secundar ~ bank - banc secundar, societate de credit (care finaneaz achiziionarea
de bunuri cu plata n rate)

~ earner - persoan care nu este singurul sau principalul salariat ntr-o familie ~ industry - industria secundar (care
utilizeaz resursele industriei primare)

~ liability ~ (asig.) rspundere condiionat/secundar ~ market - pia secundar (piaa pe care sunt tranzacionate aciunile dup ce aufost emise) ~ occupations - meserii din sectorul industriei secundare ~ production - producie secundar
(fabricarea de produse finite din materii prime i realizarea de construcii civile)

secret adj. secret ~ reserve - (cont.) rezerv secret/ ascuns (delict de bilan care const n denaturarea nregistrrilor contabile prin subevaluarea activelor) secretariat s. secretariat (serviciu, birou) secretary s. secretar

280

SEC-SEL

~ - general - secretar general secure adj. garantat, asigurat v.t. 1. a garanta, a asigura 2. a obine (comenzi,
beneficii etc.)

secured adj. garantat, asigurat - creditor - creditor cu garanie ~ debt - crean garantat ~ loan - mprumut garantat ~ note - not de debit garantat (prin care un bun prezentat drept garanie poate fi pretins de creditor ca plat a datoriei) securitization s. (fin.) conversia mpmmutului n titluri de valoare {tendina marilor societi de a emite titluri de valoare pentru a nu mai recurge la credie bancare) security s. 1. securitate, siguran 2. garantie, gaj 3. garant, girant 4. pl. (fn.) titluri/ hrtii de valoare ~ capital - capital plasat n investiii sigure ~ exchange/market - burs de valori ~ holdings - portofoliu de titluri de valoare ~ interest - dobnd de asigurare (pe care creditorul o primete de pe urma proprietii debitorului pentru asigurarea plii unui credit) ~ means - tehnica securitii muncii ~ paper - hrtie pentru emisiuni de valoare/bancnote ~ printer - main de tiprit bancnote/ titluri de valoare ~ printing offce - tipografie de bancnote, monetrie ~ trust -. fond de plasare a titlurilor de valoare, societate de investitii seed s. smn ~ capital - capital iniial (necesar
pomirii unei afaceri)

segmentation >s'. segmentare (a piee) seigniorage s. profit obinut de stat din emiterea/baterea monedei seize v.t. a confisca; a sechestra seizin s. (dr.) 1. stpnire a unei proprieti funciare; act de posesiune a unei proprieti fanciare 2. proprietate fimciar seizure s. confiscare; sechestru, punere de sechestru ~ note - act de confiscare a ncrcturii ~ of movable property - sechestru asupra bunurilor mobiliare ~ of real estate/property - sechestru asupra bunurilor imobiliare ~ under a prior claim - sechestru n revendicare ~ under legal process - sechestru judiciar selective adj. selectiv ~ distribution - distribuire selectiv (a produselor, operat de productor ctre anumii detailiti) self pref. auto ~ - acting - automat ~ - assessment - autoevaluare a impunerii (sistem practicat n unele ri prin care contribuabilul i calculeaz singur cuantumul impozitelar) ~ - contained - independent, autonom ~ - employed worker - lucrtor pe cont propriu (in propria afacere) ~ - financing - reinvestire a profitului, autofinanare ~ - insurance - autoasigurare ~ - liquidating loan - mprumut cu autolichiditate (mprumut pentru finanarea activelor curente) ~ - service - autoservire

SEL

281

~ - sufficiency - autoaprovizionare; independen economic sell v.t. 1. a vinde, a desface (mrfuri) 2. (off) a vinde cu rabat 3. (out) a lichida, a vinde tot (stocul) 4. (up) a lichida, a vinde tot (stocuiy, a vinde la licitaie (averea unui falit) v.i. 1. a vinde, a face vnzare; a face comert 2. a se vinde, a avea cutare to ~ afloat - (mar.) a vinde mrfuri n expediie to ~ again - a revinde to ~ at best - a vinde la preul sau cursul cel mai avantajos to ~ at a discount - a vinde cu reducere to ~ at a loss - a vinde n pierdere to ~ at a premium/profit - a vinde cu profit to ~ at/by auction - a vinde la licitatie to ~ badly/heavily - a vinde greu, a nu avea cutare to ~ by/on sample - a se vinde pe baz de mostr to ~ by weight - a vinde la greutate to ~ cheap - a vinde ieftin to ~ dear - a vinde scump to ~ for a lump sum - vnzare global/n bloc (ynzare contra unei sume globale pentru mrfuri nedeterminate prin cntrire, volum, numrare etc.) to ~ for cash - a vinde contra numerar to ~ for delivery - a vinde cu acoperire to ~ for spot delivery - a vinde din disponibil to ~ forward - a vinde la termen to ~ in bulk - a vinde n vrac to ~ on commission - a vinde cu comision to ~ on credit - a vinde pe credit to ~ on trial - a vinde de prob

to ~ over the counter - a vinde n magazin to ~ readily/well - a se vinde bine, a avea cutare to ~ short - a vinde far acoperire to ~ to arrive - a vinde la sosirea (mrfurilor) seller s. 1. vnztor 2. marf cutat/ care se vinde bine ~ in possession - vnztor n posesia mrfii ~ 's lien - drept de retenie al vnztorului ~ s' market - piaa vnztorilor, pia cu cererea mai mare dect oferta ~ s' monopoly - oligopol ~ s no buyers - (bur.) lips de cumprtori ~ 's option - (bur.) la alegerea vnztorului (pperaie prin care vmtorul i poate alege data tranzacionrii efective a aciunilor ntr-un interval determinat de timp) ~ 's option to double - (bur.) opiune care i d drept vnztorului s vnd un pachet dublu de aciuni (fa de cel convenit) ~s over - ofert excedentar/care depete cererea ~'s prices - preuri ridicate/avantajoase pentru vnztor selling adj. 1. de vnzare/desfacere 2. vandabil ~ agent - agent de vnzari ~ brokerage/commission - comision de vnzri ~ campaign - campanie de vnzri ~ costs/expenses - cheltuieli de vnzare/desfacere

282

SEL-SER

~ in - prezentarea de produse sau servicii noi (reelei de distribuie nainte de lansarea pe pia) ~ licence - licen/autorizaie de vnzare ~ limit - limit de vnzare monopoly monopol asupra vnzrilor ~ order - ordin de vnzare ~ out - (bur.) vnzare integral (de aciuni care nu au fost achitate de cumprtor pn la data stabilit) ~ pressure - afluen a ofertelor de vnzare ~ price - pre de vnzare/desfacere ~ rate curs de vnzare ~ short - (bur.) vnzare fr acoperire (de aciuni, pe care vnztorul nu le deine nca} sellout s. lichidare, vnzare integral semiannual adj. bianual semidurables s.pl. produse cu durat medie de folosin semifinished adj. semifabricat ~ articles/goods/products - articole/ produse semifabricate semimanufactured v. semifinished semimonthly adj. bilunar; chenzinal semiproduct s. semifabricat semiskilled adj. semicalificat ~ worker muncitor semicalificat send v.t. 1. a trimite, a expedia; a remite, a adresa 2. (back) a retuma 3. (down) a reduce, a scdea (preuri) 4. (out) a expedia; a distribui v.i. (away for) a comanda prin pot 2. (for) a face o comand de sender s. expeditor senior adj. 1. senior, mai n vrst 2. superior (infuncie, n grad) ~ clerk - ef de birou

~ debt - datorie preferenial ~ executive - director executiv ~ lien - drept de retenie cu privilegiu ~ mortgage - ipotec preferenial ~ offcial - cadru mediu, funcionar mijlociu ~ partner - asociat principal ~ securities - titluri de valoare prefereniale ~ shares/stock - actiuni prefereniale seniority s. vechime m munc; funcie superioar ~ wages - spor de fidelitate sentimental adj. sentimental, subiectiv ~ damages - daune evaluate subiectiv sequential adj. succesiv ~ sampling - eantionare succesiv sequester v.t. (dr.) a sechestra sequestrate v. sequester sequestration s. (dr.) sechestru, punere sub sechestru serial adj. n serie ~ bond - obligaiune m serie (pache de obligaiuni care devin scadente m ani succesivi) ~ number - numr de serie/fabricaie ~ production - producie n serie series s. serie servant s. 1. servitor 2. funcionar serve v.. 1. a servi (un client); a deservi (popuaia); a aproviziona 2. a funciona la, a avea serviciu la service s. 1. serviciu, slujb; funcie 2. prestare de servicii; servire, deservire; pl. servicii 3. regim de exploatare i ntretinere (a unui utilaj) adj. de serviciu; de ntreinere v.t. 1. a servi, a deservi 2. a ntreine, a face revizia (unui utilaj)

SER-SET

283

~ agreement - contract de munc; garanie, serviciu de ntreinere ~ charge tax pentru servicii ~ contract - contract de colaborare (prin care o companie angajeaz o persoan ntr-o funcie de conducere) ~ department - sector de servicii ~ draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj de exploatare industry industria teriar/ serviciilor ~ instructions - instruciuni de folo-sire; regulament intem de funcionare {al unei ntreprinderi) ~ life - durat de funcionare/via (a unui utilaj) ~ passport - paaport de serviciu ~ regulations - regulament de serviciu ~ station - staie de ntreinere, service serviceman s. reprezentant al fabricii fumizoare servicing s. 1. efectuare a serviciului datoriei 2. ncasare a plilor la o ipotec servitude s. (dr.) servitute session s. sesiune (zi lucrtoare la burs) set adj. prestabilit, fixat dinainte; fix s. set; serie; colecie; gamitur v.t. 1. a pune, a aeza; a fixa, a stabili 2. (back) a opri dezvoltarea 3. (by) a pune deoparte, a economisi 4. (down) a nota, a nregistra 5. (forth) a explica, a expune, a lmuri; a specifica, a meniona (ntr-un contract) 6. (off) a compensa (o datorie) 7. (out) a delimita, a preciza; a expune (pentru vnzare) 8. (up) a ntemeia, a fonda (o firm etc.)', a organiza, a iniia ~ form of a letter - scrisoare-tip ~ of bills - set/serie de cambii

~ of samples - colectie/serie de mostre ~ of weights - gamitur de greuti ~ price pre fix ~ value - valoare prescris/cerut setback s. 1. oprire a dezvoltrii 2. (bur.) scdere a cursului (care urmeaz unei perioade de cretere) setoff s. 1. compensaie, compensare (a unor datorii) 2. daune, despgubiri settle v.t. 1. a stabili, a fixa (data, preul) 2. a soluiona, a reglementa; a ncheia, a lichida (o afacere, o tranzacie) 3. a achita, a plti (o datorie), a solda (un cont) 4. a aloca, a fixa (o rent, o chirie etc.) v.i. 1. a se stabili, a-i alege domiciliul 2. (up^ a achita ceea ce este de plat, a face socoteala, a ncheia socotelile settlement s. 1. stabilire, fixare (a datei, a preului) 1. soluionare, reglementare; ncheiere, lichidare (a unei tranzacii) 3. achitare, plat (a unei datorii); decontare; soldare (a unui cont) 4. (bur.) lichidare 5. acord, tranzacie 6. instalare (intr-o locum); domiciliu legal ~ account - cont de lichidare ~ by letter of credit - decontare prin acreditiv ~ by transfer - decontare prin virament ~ day - (bur.) zi de lichidare ~ discount - (com.) reducere pentru plata n numerar ~ of accounts - decontare ~ option - opiune de plat (pentru o poli de asigurare) ~ price/rate - curs la termen ~ terms (bur.) condiii de lichidare; (com.) plan de reduceri (acordate

284

SET-SHA

cumprtorului n funcie de termenul depat n numerar) settling s. (bur.) lichidare ~ day - zi de lichidare ~ room - sal de lichidare ~ room clerk - lichidator severable adj. separabil, divizibil ~ contract - contract divizibil (cu obligaii independente unele de altele) several adj. 1. mai muli, mai multe; civa, cteva; diveri, diverse 2. fiecare, diferit, separat 3. (dr.) individual ~ estate - proprietate individual/ particular ~ liability/responsibility - rspundere individual severally adv. separat, distinct; individual, personal severalty s. (dr.) proprietate individual/nesolidar severance s. 1. desprire, separare 2. desfacere a contractului de munc 3. (dr.) disjungere (a mai multor procese) ~ pay - compensaie pentru concediere/desfacerea contractului de munc severe adj. sever, strict; mare, serios, grav ~ competition - concuren acerb ~ loss - pierdere mare/grav ~ regulations - regulament strict shade 5. nuan v.t. a reduce puin
(preul)

~ allotment form - formular de repartizare a aciunilor ~ bonus - prim n aciuni ~ capital - capital social ~ certifcate - certificat de aciuni ~ index - indice al cursului aciunilor ~ list - buletin bursier ~ of market - poziie pe pia (a unei societi) ~ of the profits - cot-parte din beneficiu ~ option - tranzacie cu opiune (prin
care aciuni sunt tranzacionate la dat

i pre specificat) ~ premium - prim de aciune (diferena dintre preul aciunii i valoarea sa nominal) ~ prices - curs al aciunilor ~ repurchase - rscumprare de aciuni ~ split - divizare a aciunii (n alte
aciuni cu valoare mai mic)

~ price - pre puin sczut (pentru a atrage cumprtori) shamadj. 1. fictiv 2. fals, falsificat share s. 1. participatie (la capitalul unei societi pe aciuni); parte, cot-parte 2. aciune (titlu de valoare) v.t. 1. (i ~ out) a mprti, a diviza; a distribui 2. a participa la (cheltuieli)

~ transfer - transfer/vnzare de aciuni ~ s of no par value - aciimi far valoare nominal ~ s to bearer - aciuni la purttor to ~ alike - a mprti n mod egal to ~ jointly - a copartaja sharecrop v.t., v.i. a cultiva (pmntuV) ca dijma sharecropper s. dijma sharehawking s. (bur.) plasare de aciuni lipsite de valoare shareholder s. acionar ~ s'benefits - beneficii/avantaje ale acionarilor ~ s'equity - capital propriu, capitalul acionarilor (deintori de aciuni comune)

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285

~ s'funds - fondurile acionarilor (m termeni contabili, valoarea activelor finnei minus pasivu) ~ s'meeting - adunarea acionarilor ~ s'register - registml acionarilor shareholding s. pachet de aciuni sharepushing v. sharehawking sharing s. 1. participare 2. mprire, divizare; distribuire shelfs. raft, poli, etajer ~ life - (com.) termen de garanie; durat de depozitare ~ space - spaiu comercial/de expunere (a produselor ntr-un magazin) shell s. nveli; carcas company societate fictiv/ neoperant (nfiinat cu scopul de a fi vndut) shelter s. refugiu; aprare, protecie v.t. a apra, a proteja ~ port - port de refugiu sheltered adj. protecionist; protejat ~ industry - industrie protejat (mpo-triva concurenei strine) shift s. 1. schimbare; variaie 2. schimb (de lucru), tur v.t., v.i. a (se) schimba ~ differential - prim de post ~ in the function - schimbare n coninutul unei funcii ~ labour - munc n schimburi/ture ~ of crops - asolament, rotaie a culturilor ~ of stowage - (mar.) dezarimare, deplasare a caricului shifting adj. mobil, schimbtor s. 1. schimbare, deplasare (a ncrcturii) 1. (mar.) manevr de schimbare a danei; plat pentru manevra de schimbare a danei ~ board - (mar.) iftingbord, separaie longitudinal (n magazia cu cereale)

~ damage - (mar.) avarie produs de deplasarea ncrcturii ship s. nav, vapor v.t. 1. a mbarca 2. a expedia, a transporta (pe cale maritim) v.i. 1. a se mbarca 2. a se angaja ca marinar ~ agent - agent maritim/de navlosire/al
navei

~ bill of lading - conosament pentru mrfurile ncrcate ~ brokerage - brokeraj/curtaj maritim ~ cargo manifest - manifest de marfa ncrcat ~ chandlery - fumituri maritime ~ channel - canal maritim/navigabil, pas de navigaie ~ delivery - franco bord ~ hour - (SUA) or-nav (unitate de msur a duratei de staionare a navei pentru operare) ~ in ballast - nav n balast (fr ncrctur) ~ in commission/service nav n serviciu/exploatare ~ in laden condition - nav ncrcat ~ list - list de echipaj ~ loader - ncrctor de nav ~ mortgage - ipotec maritim (pe
nava)

~ out of commission - nav dezarmat/scoas din exploatare ~ policy - poli de asigurare casco ~ receipt - ordin de imbarco, recipisa secundului ~ 's accomodation craft - nav de pstrare temporar a mrfurilor
(nencrcate n termen)

~ 's allotments - credite de exploatare a navei

286

sm
~ 's store bond - adeverin de vam pentru folosirea cu exclusivitate la bord a proviziilor ~ 's survey - expertizare a navei ~ 's surveyor - expert maritim/naval, inspector de registru/clasificare ~ - to - ship transfer - transbordare ~ - to - shore discharge - descrcare de pe nav pe chei to fit out a ~ - a arma o nav to lay up a - a scoate o nav din exploatare shipbroker s. broker/curtier maritim shipbuilder s. constructor naval shipbuilding s. constmcii navale ~ company - societate de construcii navale ~ dock - doc de construcii navale ~ establishment/yard - antier naval ~ facilities - antiere i uzine navale ~ lien - drept de privilegiu i sechestru

~ 's appropriation - repartizare a excedentului de mrfuri (pe partizi de

beneficiari)

~ 's articles - rol de echipaj, contract de angajare ~ 's certificate of registry - certificat de nregistrare a navei ~ 's chandler - agent de aprovizionare a navei, fumizor naval/maritim ~ 's class - clas a navei ~ 's classification - clasificare a navei ~ 's clearance - lichidare n vam ~ 's clearance inwards - lichidare n vam la sosirea navei ~ 's clearance outwards - lichidare n vam la plecarea navei ~ 's days - stalii ~ 's favour - metod de calcul a ncrcturii favorabil armatorului ~ 's husband - administrator al navei ~ 's ledger - list de echipaj, rol de echipaj -- 's manifest - manifest al navei ~ 's option - opiune a armatorului de calculare a navlului (in funcie de greutatea sau volumul mrfurilor) ~ 's papers - acte/documente ale navei ~ 's register - cartea tehnic a navei; societate de clasificarea navelor ~ 's registered tonnage - tonaj-registm al navei ~ 's registry - nregistrare/ nmatriculare a navei ~ 's registry offce - registru naval ~ 's release - ordin de livrare ~ 's side - nav ca parte contractant
(cu obligaii i dreptur)

asupra navei n construcie

~ port - port cu antier naval shipful s. caric complet shipload s. caric, ncrctur a navei shipmaster s. comandant de nav
(comercial)

~ 's speciHcation - caracteristici tehnice ale navei

~ 's lien - drept de retenie al comandantului (asupra mrfi) shipment s. 1. ncrcare (a navei) 1. caric, ncrctur de nav; partid de marfa 3. transport naval, expediere/ transport de mrfiiri (pe mare) shipowner s. proprietar de nav, armator ~ 's lien - drept de retenie al armatorului (asupra mrfii) shippable adj. transportabil pe mare (despre mrfuri) shipped adj. ncrcat pe nav; expediat

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287

~ bill of lading - conosament pentru mrfuri ncrcate - quality - calitate la ncrcare ~ weight - greutate ncrcat shipper s. ncrctor de nav; expeditor de mrfuri ~ service - serviciu de expediie ~ 's export declaration - declaraie de export a ncrctorului ~ 's guarantee scrisoare de garanie a ncrctorului ~ 's load and account - ncrcare n contul ncrctorului ~ 's load and tally - ncrcare i pontare n contul ncrctorului ~ 's manifest - manifest al ncrctorului ~ 's option - opiune a ncrctorului ~ 's papers - documente de ncrcare ~ 's protest - protest al ncrctomlui ~ 's risk - risc al ncrctorului ~ 's weight - greutate stabilit de ncrctor shipping adj. maritim, naval s. 1. ncrcare, expediere, transport de mrfuri (cu nava); navigaie, trafic maritim 2. flot comercial maritim; tonaj global ~ agency - agenie maritim/de navigaie ~ agent - agent maritim/de expediie ~and forwarding agent - agent de ncrcare i expediie ~ and handling charges - taxe de ncrcare i manipulare ~ authority - autoritate maritim ~ availability - tonaj disponibil pentru transport ~ bid - ofert de transport maritim ~ bill - permis vamal de ncrcare; aviz de retumare a taxelor pentru mrfurile de reexport

~ business - afaceri maritime, transporturi maritime ~ case - tar ~ charges/expenses - cheltuieli de transport ~ company - companie de navigaie ~ conference/ring - cartel maritim (al armatorilor) ~ deficit - deficit de tonaj ~ department - serviciu/birou de expediie ~ depot - depozit al expeditorului de mrfuri ~ documents - documente de export ~ end - port/punct de descrcare ~ exchange - burs maritim ~ facilities - mijloace de transport; instalaii portuare de operare {incrcare-descrcare) ~ freight - navlu-tramp ~ industry - ntreprindere/companie de transporturi maritime; activitate de transporturi maritime ~ instructions - ordin de ncrcare; instruciuni de ncrcare sau expediere a mrfurilor ~ lane/route - drum de navigaie; drum maritim comercial ~ law/legislation - legislaia transporturilormaritime ~ line - linie de navigaie ~ list - list a navelor pregtite pentru ncrcare ~ manifest - manifest de marf ncrcat ~ note - aviz/not de ncrcare i expediie ~ offce - agenie de navigaie; oficiu de recepionare a mrfurilor ~ order - dispoziie de ncrcare

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SHI-SHO

~ personnel - echipaj de nav comercial ~ pier - chei de ncrcare ~ port - port de ncrcare ~- rate - norm de ncrcare ~ receipt - dovad de mbarcare a mrfurilor ~ request - cerere de transport ~ room/space - spaiu de ncrcare (al
nave)

~ schedule - grafic de transport ~ season - sezon de navigatie ~ shares - aciuni ale unei companii de navigaie ~ specifications - declaratie de export ~ time - durat a transportului pe mare ~ ton - ton de ncrcare/transport ~ value - valoare a mrfurilor ncrcate (la plecare) ~ valuer - evaluator al ncrcturii ~ weight - greutate a caricului shipwreck s. 1. naufragiu 2. epav v.i. a naufragia, a eua shipyard s. antier naval shop s. 1. magazin; prvlie; debit (de tutun, buturi spirtoase) 2. atelier (de fabric) v.i. a face cumprturi ~ accident - accident de exploatare ~ assistant - vnztor, vnztoare ~ audit - analiz a vnzrilor cu amnuntul (debueuri, stocuri, publicitate
etc.)

~ bill - list de preuri ~ foreman - ef de atelier ~ front - galantar; vitrin ~ premises - local de atelier ~ - soiled - care i-a pierdut prospeimea (despre o marjd, dup
expunerea n magazin)

~ steward - delegat sindical de atelier ~ test - prob de atelier

shopgirl s. vnztoare shopkeeper s. negustor, comerciant {cu magazin) shopkeeping s. negustorie, comer shoplifting s. furt din magazin shopman s. 1. negustor, comerciant 2. vnztor shopper s. cumprtor, client shopping 5'. 1. cumprturi, trguieli 2. amplasamente comerciale; mrfuri adj. referitor la cumprturi, de cumprturi, comercial ~ centre - centru comercial ~ street - strad comercial ~ week - sptmn a vnzrilor promoionale to do one's ~ - a-i face cumprturile to go ~ - a se duce la cumprturi shopwalker s. supraveghetor (intr-un magazin universal); efde raion shopwindow s. vitrin shore s. rm, coast, litoral adj. costier, de coast - area - zon costier ~ fishery - pescuit costier shoreman s. 1. locuitor de pe coast 2. pescar de coast 3. docher 4. proprietar de pescador short adj. 1. scurt; redus 2. incomplet, insuficient, deficitar 3. far acoperire (despre aciuni, mrfuri, recolte care nu sunt disponibile n momentul vnzrii, mizndu-se pe obinerea lor pn la tranzacia efectiv) adv. 1. pe termen scurt 2. far acoperire s. 1. vnzare fr acoperire; titluri de valoare sau mrfuri far acoperire 2. persoan care vinde far acoperire 3. manco; lips, minus (dintr-o cantitate,
marfa)

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289

~ account - cont al vnztorului/ vnzrilor far acoperire ~ bill - cambie la vedere ~ boards/ends - (mar.) scurtturi de
cherestea {marf de umplutura)

covering - (bur.), acoperire insuficient, poziie descoperit ~ dated pe termen scurt ~ day - program redus de lucru ~ delivery - livrare incomplet, lips la livrare ~ -handed - cu personal/mn de lucru insuficient() ~ haul - transport pe distan scurt; cabotaj ~ - haul ship/vessel - nav de cabotaj ~ hundredweight - chintal scurt ~ - landed - descrcat/predat n minus (fa de documente) ~ lease - concesiune scurt (yalabil pentru maipuin de 50 de an) ~ loan - mprumut pe termen scurt ~ of content - lips din coninut (in cazul recipientelor cu mrfuri Uchide) ~ of stock - {bur.} lips de aciuni/ acoperire ~ paid - francat insuficient (despre o scrisoare) ~ position - (bur.) pozitie descoperit (vnzarefar acoperire) ~ rate - dobnd la vedere (penru cecuri i cambii) ~ sale - (bur.) vnzare far acoperire (de aciuni sau mrfuri pe care vnztorul nu le deine nc) ~ - sea coaster/ship/vessel - cabotier, nav de cabotaj mic ~ - sea shipping - navigaie de cabotaj ~ sea trade - mic cabotaj (intre porturi naionale din aceeai mare)

~ shipment - (mar.) marfa rmas nencrcat (din lips de spaiu) ~ shipping - navigaie pe distan scurt ~ squeeze - inflaie de penurie (cnd oferta insuficient exercit presiuni de mrire aprefurilor) - - term - pe termen scurt; la vedere ~ - time working - program redus de lucru ~ ton - ton scurt/american ~ - trial balance - bilan de inventar ~ weight - lips la cntar; greutate n minus (la predare) to be ~ of hands - a duce lips de mn de lucru to be in ~ supply - a fi deficitar/n cantiti insuficiente to be on - time - a lucra cu norm parial/program redus to fall ~ in weight - a fi sub greutatea prevzut to fall ~ of the amount - a fi sub suma prevzut to give ~ weight - a da lips la cntar shortage s. criz, penurie, lips, deficit ~ cost - cost de penurie ~ in the cash - manco de cas ~ in weight - lips la cntar/greutate ~ materials - materiale deficitare -- of capital - lips de capital shortchange v.t. a nu da restul cuvenit (cuiva care a pltit cu bancnot sau moned mare) shortfall s. lips, defcit shorting s. (bur.) vnzare far acoperire (de aciuni sau mrfuri pe care vnztorul nu le define nca) show s. 1. spectacol 2. expoziie v.t. a expune, a prezenta ~ bill - afi publicitar

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SHO-SIL

~ business - show business, industria spectacolelor ~ card - panou, reclam ~ of hands - vot prin ridicarea minii ~ window - vitrin showcase s. vitrin, galantar v.t. a expune, a prezenta showplace s. punct de atractie turistic showroom s. sal de expoziie shrink v.i. a se micora, a se contracta shrinkage s. 1. micorare, contractare; pierderi prin contractare/uscare (la
unele mrfur) 1. pierdere n stoc

shut adj. nchis s. nchidere v.t. 1. a nchide 2. (down) a nchide (o ntreprindere); a ntrempe (funcionarea, exploatarea); a decupla (o instalaie} 3. (off) a nchide, a tia (gazele, electricitatea etc.) 4. (out) a interzice (accesul, intrarea); a exclude, a nu ncrca (o parte din marfa) shutdown s. nchidere (a unei ntreprinder); ntrerupere (a funcionrii, a exploatri); decuplare (a unei
instalai)

shutout s. interzicere/oprire a accesului

(muncitorilor nfabric)

sick adj. 1. referitor la boal, de boal 2. neproductiv (despre sol) ~ allowance/benefit/pay - ajutor/ indemnizaie de boal ~ leave - concediu de boal sight s. vedere; prezentare ~ bill - cambie la vedere ~ deposit account - cont de depuneri la vedere ~ draft - trat la vedere ~ entry - declaraie vamal preliminar ~ rate - dobnd la vedere (pentru
cecuri i cambii)

sign s. 1. semn, marc 2. firm; reclam v.t. 1. a nsemna, a marca cu un semn 2. a semna, a iscli 3. (away) a semna transfeml sau renunarea la (o proprietate) 4. (off) a renuna la (un drept) 5. (up) a angaja (intr-o funcie); a nscrie {la un curs) v.i. 1. (for) a semna de primire pentru; a primi cu forme legale 2. (in) a se nregistra (la hote) 3. (off) a semna condica (la ieirea din serviciu) 4. (on, up) a se angaja, a fi angajat to ~ in blank - a semna n alb to ~ jointly - a semna n mod solidar to ~ on behalf of smb. - a semna n numele cuiva to ~ per pro - a semna prin procur signatory adj. semnatar s. semnatar, parte semnatar ~ power - mputemicire de a semna signature s. semntur ~ book - registru de semnturi autorizate ~ card - carte de vizit cu specimen de semntur ~ loan - mpmmut contra semntur (credit care nu necesit garanii
suplimentare)

~ of the firm - semntur social ~ stamp - tampil cu semntur signboard s. firm (la magazin) signed adj. semnat ~ personally/in own hand - semnat personal/manM propria signer s. semnatar signet s. 1. sigiliu 2. tampil v.t. a pune sigiliul pe; a tampila silent adj. tcut ~ partner - partener/asociat pum cunoscut (care nu ia parte activ la afacer); comanditar

SIL-SIT

291

silo s. siloz v.t. a nsiloza silver s. argint ~ bullion - argint n lingouri ~ certifcates - (SUA) titluri cu acoperire n argint ~ standard - (fn.) etalon-argint simple adj. simplu ~ arbitration - arbitraj valutar simplu
~ average - (asig. mar.) avarie

~ market - pia unic ~ option - opiune unic (care d drept

fie de cnmprare fie de vnzare)

particular ~ contract - contract verbal; contract sub semntur privat ~ credit - acreditiv simplu/neconfirmat ~ debenture - obligaiune chirografar ~ interest - dobnd simpl ~ reproduction - reproducie simpl (a capitalului) ~ share - aciune simpl/comun simulation s. simulare (tehnic prin care evenimentele viitoare probabile sunt simulate pe calculator) sinecure s. sinecur sinecurist s. sinecurist single adj. 1. singur, umc 2. simplu s. (c.f.) bilet pentru o singur cltorie ~ bill - exemplar unic al cambiei ~ bond obligaiune simpl/fr condiii (deplat) ~ chartering - navlosire simpl ~ cost - pre de cost pe unitate de marfa ~ - entry bookkeeping - contabilitate n partid simpl ~ fare - pre al biletului simplu/de dus ~ guarantee - garanie unic ~ liability - (asig. mar.) rspundere unic (in caz de colmune); (SUA) rspundere unic (in limita capitalului
investit)

~ payment - achitare ntr-o singur tran - -plant monopoly - monopol bazat pe o singur ntreprindere ~ standard - (fin.) etalon metalic unic, monometalism ~ tariff - tarif unic ~ tax - impozit unic ~ ticket - bilet simplu/de dus ~ -trip charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire pentru un singur voiaj ~ - trip container - container neretumabil ~ -use goods - mrfuri de folosin scurt sink v.t. 1. a scufunda (o nava) 2. a amortiza (un mprumut) 3. a investi, a plasa (fonduri) 4. a pierde (bani prin investiii nerentabile) 4. a determina scderea (nivelului de trai) v.i. 1. a se scufunda 2. a scdea, a se micora
(despre preuri); a se ieftini

sinking adj. care se scufund s. 1. scufundare (a unei nave) 2. amortizare (a unui mprumut) 3. pierdere (de bani prin investiii nerentabile), plasament dezavantajos ~ fund - fond de amortizare sister s. sor ~ company - societate - sor
(aparinnd aceluiai holding) ~ ship/vessel - nav de serie; nav

~ - line frm - firm specializat ntr-o singur gam/linie de produse

apartinnd aceluiai armator ~ -ship clause - (asig. mar.) clauza navei de serie sit v.i. 1. a sta, a edea 2. a se ntruni, a se reuni; a f n edin 3. (in, on) a face parte (din), a fi membru (n)

292

srrSLE
~ staff - personal redus skill s. pricepere, competen (tehnic); calificare (a muncitorilor) skilled adj. calificat ~ labour - munc calificat; mn de lucru calificat ~ personnel - personal calificat ~ trades - meserii care necesit o calificare ~ work - munc calificat ~ worker - muncitor calificat skimming s. luarea spumei/cremei (stabilire de preuri maxime pentru un produs nou care nu este nc afectat de
concuren)

~ -down strike - grev italian/la locul de munc ~ in - grev la locul de munc; protest social (CM ocuparea unui local etc.) site s. 1. poziie, loc, amplasament 2. antier; teren (de construcie) v.t. a amplasa (o construcie) ~ facilities - instalaii de antier ~ office - birou de antier ~ plan - plan de ansamblu/ amplasament - road - dmm de antier sitting s. edin, ntrunire, adunare situation s. 1. poziie, amplasare (a unui obiectiv) 2. situaie, stare (economic) 3. post, serviciu ~ rent - rent diferenial (rent funciar suplimentar obinut pentru un teren mai fertil, mai bine amplasat ec.) - report - raport de afaceri ~ s vacant - oferte de serviciu ~ s wanted - cereri de serviciu to be in a - - a fi angajat, a avea serviciu to be out of a - - a f far serviciu

skipper s. comandant de cabotier, comandant de pescador slack adj. slab (despre activiti economice) s. inactivitate, acalmie ~ business - lips de afaceri, stagnare economic ~ demand - cerere slab ~ season - sezon mort slacken v.i. a stagna (despre activitfi economice) slackening s. diminuare, reducere (a comenzilor) size s. 1. mrime, msur, dimensiune 2. slackness s. stagnare (economic) (com.) numr, msur, talie 3. format (de slash s. reducere drastic/substanial carte, hrtie etc.) v.t. a clasa, a sorta (dup (de preuri etc.) v.t. a reduce mrime, dimensiune) drastic/substanial (preuri) -of-the-firm effect - efectul dimenslaughter s. tiere, sacrificare (a siunii firmei (firmele mici nregistreaz vitelor) v.t. a tia, a sacrifica (vite) rate de rentabilitate mai bune dect ~ weight - greutate de sacrificare firmele mari) slaughterhouse s. abator sizing s. clasare, sortare (dup mrime, slavery s. sclavie dimensiune) sleeping adj. inactiv skeleton s. schelet; schem, structur ~ partner - partener/asociat puin adj.Tedus la elementele fundamentale cunoscut (care nu ia parte activ la ~ contract - contract-cadru afaceri); comanditar - law - lege-cadru

SLE-SMA

293

~ patent - brevet neutilizat (brevet al unui produs care nu este introdus n circuitul comercial) sliding adj. variabil, ajustabil - scale price - pre ajustabil ~ trend - (bur.) scdere accentuat a preurilor slight adj. uor, nensemnat ~ damage - avarie uoar ~ fluctuation - fluctuaie uoar sling (mar.) s. coad (de marja) v.t. a
coa

~ load/of cargo - coad de marfa slinging s. (mar.) 1. coare (a mrfurilor) 2. cheltuieli de coare slogan s. slogan (publicitar) slot s. orificiu (pentru introdus
monede)

~ machine - automat (pentru vnzarea de bilete, igri etc.) ~ meter - contor electric (care funcioneaz cu monede) slow adj. 1. lent, ncet 2. inactiv, stagnant (despre afaceri) v.t. a ncetini (dezvoltarea) ~ assets - active stagnante (care nu pot fi vndute rapid contra numerar) ~ goods - (c./) marfa de mic vitez ~ sale - vnzare lent ~ train - tren personal slowdown s. ncetinire a ritmului de lucru (form de protest a muncitorilor
fdr declanarea efectiv a grevei)

sluggish adj. inactiv; redus, lent, slab ~ demand - cerere redus ~ market - pia inactiv/cu activitate redus slump s. scdere brusc, prbuire (a cursurilor bursiere); criz, depresiune (economic) v.i. a scdea bmsc, a se prbui (despre cursuri bursiere)

~ in the dollar - scdere brusc a cursului dolarului slumpflation s. depresiune economic cu inflaie small adj. mic, redus ~ and medium - sized companies societi/ntreprinderi mici i mijlocii ~ business - ntreprindere mic ~ cattle - vite mici/mrunte ~ change/coin/money - bani mmni, mruni ~ (classifed) advertisement - mica publicitate ~ (- coast) trade - micul cabotaj (ntre porturile naionale din aceeai mare) ~ gross - mic gros (msur echivalent cu 12 duzini, 144 de obiecte) - holding - ferm mic ~ income - venit mic/redus ~ income relief - reducere a impozitelor pentru veniturile mici ~ industry - mica industrie ~ loan company - societate specializat n acordarea de credite rambursabile n rate (pentru achiziionarea unor bunuri defolosin ndelungat) ~ plant operation - ntreprindere mic; atelier meteugresc ~ sample - eantion, mostr ~ - scale production - producie n serie mic ~ - sized - mic, de dimensiuni mici ~ stowage - (mar.) marfa de umplere (a spaiului rmas gol dup stivuire) ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor mici ~ ware - mercerie; articole de ferrie/menaj smart adj. inteligent, abil money despgubire pentru rezilierea contractului; bani plasai de

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pune de o parte 2. a avea disponibil/n excedent 3. a ntrebuina, a gospodri cu economie/chibzuin 4. a ceda, renuna la v.i. a fi econom, a tri cu economie ~ capital - capital disponibil ~ cash - numerar disponibil ~ money - economii ~ part pies de rezerv/schimb ~ stowage - (mar.) spaiu liber pentru
arimare

~ time - timp liber sparer s. bun gospodar, persoan care tie s se gospodreasc sparing adj. econom, chibzuit s.pl. economii, bani economisii special adj. 1. special, particular 2. expres, urgent (despre coresponden, ordine, dispoziii) s. 1. ediie special 2. tren special ~ acceptance - acceptare special/cu rezerve (a unei cambii) ~ account - cont special/separat ~ bank credit plan - linie de credit bancar special ~ charges - cheltuieli speciale/ suplimentare ~ contract - (dr.~) contract sub sigiliu privat ~ correspondent - corespondent
special (al unui ziar, al unui post de televiziune etc.)

~ crossing - barare special (a unui

cec)

~ delivery - distribuire expres/urgent (a potei) ~ dividend - dividend suplimentar ~ drawing rights - (fin.) drepturi speciale de tragere (ale rilor-membre
ale FMI)

- edition - ediie special

~ endorsement - andosare special/ nominal interest grup de interese (corporaie, grup de oameni de afaceri care solicit faciliti, ndeosebi de natur legislativ) ~ offer - ofert special (pfert de produse la preuri sczute) ~ order - comand special -- partner - asociat n participaie (CM rspundere n limitele capitalului investit ntr-ofirm) partnership societate n participaie - power (of attorney) - procur special ~ price - pre special/de favoare ~ tax bond - obligaiune (municipal) garantat prin ncasarea unui impozit specialism s. specializare excesiv/ ngust specialist s. specialist, expert speciality s. 1. particularitate, caracteristic, trstur distinctiv 2. specialitate, domeniu principal de activitate; specialitate, produs principal ~ fund - fond mutual specializat (fn anumite tipuri de investii) ~ store - magazin specializat specialization s. specializare (fn cadrul diviziunii muncii) specialize v.t. a specializa, a restrnge la o specialitate/un domeniu (de studii) v.i. (m) a se specializa (m); a fi specialist (m), a avea ca specialitate specialty s. 1. particularitate, trstur distinctiv 2. specialitate, domeniu principal de activitate; specialitate, produs principal 3. {dr.) contract sub sigiliu privat specie s. moned metalic

SPE

297

~ points - (fin.) puncte de aur {limitele n tre care oscileaz rata de schimb a doua valute cn etalon aur, n condiiile circulaiei libere a aurului ntre r) specific adj. 1. specific 2. determinat, anumit ~ amount - sum determinat ~ capital capital fix specific (cu anumit ntrebuinare n procesul de producie) ~ consumption - consum specific ~ duty tax vamal fix (pe cantitatea de marja) ~ market - pia specific ~ tax - tax fix (pe cantitatea de marfa) ~ weight - greutate specific specification s. 1. specificare, menio-nare 2. specificaie, list; descriere precis; deviz descriptiv 3. clauz (contractual) 4. pl. specificaii/ prescripii tehnice; norme, conditii 5. pl. caiet de sarcini ~ conditions - caiet de sarcini ~ of charge - (dr.) cap de acuzaie ~ of the goods - specificare a mrfurilor ~ of weight - specificare a greutii ~ s for delivery - norme/condiii de livrare ~ s of quality - condiii tehnice de calitate specify v.t. a specifica, a enumera (amnunit); a preciza, a determina specified adj. specificat; precizat, determinat ~ account con detaliat/amnunit ~ load ,- ncrctur prevzut/ prescris specimen s. 1. pecimen; model 2. mostr, eantion

~ of cheque - model de cec ~ of signature specimen de semntur speculate v.i. a specula, a agiota, ajuca la burs to ~ for a fall - a specula la baisse to ~ for a rise - a specula la hausse to ~ in differences - a specula asupra diferenelor de curs to - on the stock exchange - a agiota, ajuca laburs speculative adj. speculativ, n vederea speculaiei; riscant, hazardat (despre operaii financiare) ~ balance - sold speculativ (sold de numerar pstrat pentru a permite unei firme sprofite de orice oportunitate) ~ buying - cumprri speculative ~ demand cerere speculativ ~ investments - investiii speculative (cumpdrarea de aciuni sau mrfuri n vederea revnzrii lor) ~ market - pia de speculaii ~ operations operaii/tranzacii speculative/riscante ' ~ risk - risc al speculaiei ~ selling - vnzri speculative speculator s. speculator; agiotor speed s. vitez v.t. (i ~ up) a grbi, a accelera (producia) ~ goods - mrfuri de mare vitez ~ - up - accelerare (a producie) spend v.t. 1. a cheltui; a ntrebuina 2. a epuiza, a consuma (m ntregime) v.i. 1. a cheltui; a fi cheltuitor 2. a se consuma; a se uza 3. a fi bogat, a produce mult (despre zcminte) spending adj. de cheltuial s. cheltuial; cheltuire ~ capacity/power - putere de cump-rare

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~ money - bani de cheltuial/buzunar spendthrift adj., s. cheltuitor, risipitor spent adj. 1. consumat, epuizat 2. (mar.) n balast la sfrit de voiaj (cu
apa, combustibilul, materialele de ntreinere consumate)

societi rezultate din lichidarea companiei centrale spoil v.t., v.i. a (se) strica; a (se)

- condition - (mar.) cu magaziile goale/far ncrctur; cu ncrctur complet (dar cu rezervele de ap, combustibil, materiale de ntreinere consumate) spin-off s. 1. (SUA) proces de reorganizare a unei societi pe aciuni
prin care aciunile unei filiale sunt transferate companiei centrale fr participarea la capitalul acesteia din

urm 2. produs secundar, derivat spiral s. spiral (inflaionista} v.i. a crete sau a scdea n spiral (despre preuri) split s. mprire, divizare, adj. mprtit, divizat v.t. (i ~ up) a mpri, a diviza ~ order - (bur.) comand executat la preuri difereniale ~ - off - proces de reorganizare a unei societi pe aciuni prin care aciunile
unei filiale sunt ransferate companiei centrale contra participrii la capitalul acesteia din urm

~ prices - preuri difereniale (pentru

acelai produs pe piee diferite)

~ share - aciune divizat (m alte aciuni cu valoare mai mic) ~ shift - schimb de lucru divizat (in dou sau mai multe ture pentru a acoperi orele de vrf) ~ -up - proces de reorganizare a unei societi pe aciuni prin care toate activele i aciunile sunt schimbate contra celor dou sau mai multe

deteriora to ~ the market - strica piaa spoilage s. 1. stricare; deteriorare, alterare 2. rebut, deeuri sponsor s. sponsor v.t. a sponsoriza sponsorship s. sponsorizare spontaneous adj. spontan ~ accounts - (cont.) conturi spontane (conturi din bilan i situaia venitului care se schimb o datd cu modificarea vnzrilor) ~ financing - finanare spontan (finanare, cum ar fi creditul comercial, rezultat din derularea normal a unei afacer) spot s. 1. spot, disponibil, marfa disponibil/cu livrare imediat 2. spot/anun publicitar (la radio i televiziune) adj. disponibil, cu livrare imediat ~ announcement/broadcast - spot publicitar ~ cash - plat n numerar la livrare ~ contract - contract spot/pentru disponibil deal/transaction operaie/ tranzacie cu plata m numerar la livrare; operaie/tranzacie cu marfa disponibil ~ delivery - livrare imediat ~ docking (mar.) punere imediat la dispoziie a navei ~ exchange - valut pentm derularea livrrilor imediate goods disponibil, mrfuri disponibile/cu livrare imediat ~ market piaa spot/disponibilului; pia cu plata n numerar la livrare

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299

~ price - pre spot/pentru livrarea imediat ~ quotation - cotare pentru disponibil ~ rate - tarif pentru mandat/transfer telegrafic ~ trader - comerciant cu livrarea imediat a mrfii spread s. 1. ntindere, rspndire; difiizare, propagare 2. spread, diferen (dintre preul pe care un dealer de valori mobiliare l ofer pentru titlurile de valoare i preul la care le revinde, dintre preurile pentru livrrile spot saufutures) 3. gama de clase diferite de titluri de valoare (incluse ntr-un portofoliu de investiii) 4. (bur.) (SUA) optiune dubl, stelaj cu preuri diferite (unul pentru put, altul pentru call) 5. pl. diferena de randament (dintre obligaiunile naionale i cele internaionale) 6. (asig.) repartizare, mprire (a unui risc), reasigurare v.t. 1. a ntinde, a rspndi; a difuza, a propaga 2. (/m.) a ealona 3. a repartiza, a mprti (un risc), a reasigura management - managementul operaiunilor de spread spreadsheet s. (cont.) desfaurtor ~ approach - metoda desfaurtorului (pentru elaborarea situaiei juxului de numerar) spurious adj. fals, falsificat, contra-facut squander s. risip v.t. a risipi (bani) squanderer s. risipitor, persoan risipitoare squatter s. (dr.) ocupant ilegal/abuziv (al unui teren sau al unui imobil) squeeze s. 1. constrngere; stoarcere, smulgere (de ban) 2. control al masei

monetare (exercitat de guvem pentru a limita inflaia) v.t. 1. a constrnge, a presa; a stoarce, a smulge (ban) 1. a controla, a restrnge (masa monetar) stability s. stabilitate (economic, politic) stabilization s. stabilizare ~ fund - fond de stabilizare (a
monedei naionale)

~ loan - mprumut n vederea stabilizrii ~ policy - politic de stabilizare stabilize v.t. a stabiliza (preur) stabilizers ^. pl. stabilizatori (economici)

stable adj. stabil ~ currency - moned stabil stack s. stiv (de marfa) v.t. a stivui, a aeza n stive stacker s. stivuitor; elevator staff s. 1. personal, salariai; cadre 2. conducere (a unei ntreprinderi) v.t. a ncadra cu personal ~ changes - schimbri de personal ~ costs - cheltuieli de personal; salarii ~ department - serviciu de personal; departament central/de coordonare ~ manager - director al serviciului de personal ~ - pattern - structur a personalului; model (optim) de utilizare a salariailor ~ recruitment - recrutare de personal ~ reduction - reducere de personal ~ restaurant - cantin ~ shares - aciuni ale salariailor staffng s. angajare de personal ~ schedule - plan de personal; stat de funcii stag s. speculant de burs v.i. a specula la burs (prin subscrierea la emisiuni

300

STA

noi pentru a vinde ulterior aciunile cu profit)

stagflation s. stagflaie stagger v.t. ealona, a repartiza staggered adj. ealonat ~ deliveries - livrri ealonate ~ working day - zi de munc cu program ealonat/la ore diferite (alc-tuit defirmepentru a evita aglomeraia pe mijloacele de transport) stagnancy s. stagnare (economic) stagnant adj. stagnant, inactiv - economy economie stagnant ~ market - pia moart/inactiv stagnate v.i. a stagna, a fi inactiv stagnation s. stagnare, inactivitate stake s. 1. miz (lajoc); (.ipl.) premiu, ctig (la cursele de cai) 2. bani riscai (inr-o afacere) v.t. 1. a miza, a pune n joc 2. a risca (bani ntr-o afacere) stakeholder s. 1. (dr.) depozitar (agent imobiliar sau mputernicit care deine banii cumprtorului unei proprieti pentru a-i transmte vnztorului) 2. persoan care ine mizele (la cursele de cai) stale adj. vechi, expirat ~ cheque - cec expirat ~ debt - datorie veche/cu termenul expirat stall s. stand (la o expoziie); tonet, tarab; chioc, prvlie ~ rent - tax de pia stallage s. tax de pia; tax pentru dreptul de a ine un chioc stallholder ^. vnztor la chioc; concesionar al unui chioc stamp s. 1. tampil 2. timbru, marc 3. tan (pentru btut monede) 4. marc, control (la metalele preioase); marc (afabricii) v.t. 1. a tampila 2. a

timbra, a franca 3. a bate (moned) 4. a marca (metalele preioase sau produsele unei fabrici) v.i. a plti taxa de timbru ~ charges - cheltuieli de timbrare ~ duty/tax - tax de timbru ~ note - (mar.) permis vamal de ncrcare ~ paper - hrtie timbrat stand s. 1. atitudine, poziie 2. (com.) (perioad de) stagnare, sezon mort 3. stand {la o expoziie); tarab 4. recolt {de pe o anumit suprafa de teren) 5. parcare, staie (de taxiuri etc.) v.i. 1. a fi valabil, a se menine (despre un contract) 2. a fi de, a atinge (un pre, o valoare) 3. (by) a susine, a sprijini; a fi de acord, a aproba 4. (in) a se altura, a se asocia; a costa 5. (off) a oma 6. (out) a refuza (s cedeze, s consimt) 7. (over) a fi amnat/n suspensie (despre o problem); a lsa conturi deschise/nesoldate ~ -by - auxiliar, de rezerv; de sprijin, disponibil ~ -by agreement/arrangement acord stand-by (ncheiat cu FMI) ~ - by cost - (SUA) cost fix (care nu variaz n funcie de volumul produciei) ~ -by credit - credit stand-by/de sprijin standard s. 1. standard, etalon, tip; norm, model 2. titru, titlu adj. standard; normal, curent ~ agreement - contract-tip ~ brand - marc de produse standard ~ bullion - lingouri de aur i argint monetar ~ charge - tax uniform/forfetar ~ coin - moned-tip

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301

~ commodity - marfa standard ~ costing - evaluare standard a preului de cost ~ deviation - abatere standard (concept
statistic care indic gradul de deviere a

unei serii de date fa de un etalon central) ~ gold - aur monetar/cu titlu legal ~ grade - calitate standard/curent ~ industrial classification - clasificare industrial standard ~ mark - marcaj standard (pe metalele
preioase)

~ metre - metru-etalon ~ money - unitate monetar oficial (a unei ri) ~ of alloy - titlu al aliajului ~ of coinage - titlu al monedei ~ of living - nivel de trai ~ of measurement - msur-etalon ~ of price - etalon al preului ~ of value - etalon de valoare ~ of weight - greutate-etalon ~ price - pre curent ~ production - producie de serie ~ quality - calitate standard - silver - argint monetar/cu titlu legal ~ specifications - specificaii standard, norme tehnice standardization s. standardizare; normare standardize v.t. a standardiza; a norma standing adj. 1. fix, stabil 2. permanent 3. necules; nesecerat ;?. situaie, reputaie (a uneifinne) ~ charges/expenses - cheltuieli fixe/ generale ~ committee - comitet permanent ~ crop - recolt nesecerat/n lan; fond forestier

~ order - ordin de plat la intervale regulate (din cont) ~ price - pre fix ~ timber - lemn netiat; fond forestier standstill s. ncetare, oprire ~ agreement - acord de reealonare a datoriei exteme; moratoriu staple s. 1. produs principal/de baz (al unei ar) 2. marfa de serie 3. materie prim 4. magazie, antrepozit; centru comercial adj. 1. principal 2. de larg consum ~ article - articol principal - exports - mrfuri de baz ale exportului ~ industry - industrie principal/de baz start s. nceput, debut v.t. 1. a ncepe (o afacere); a lansa (o subscripie) 2. a fonda, a nfiina (o companie) starting s. 1. nceput 2. fondare, nfiinare (a unei companii) adj. iniial, de pomire ~ price - pre iniial/de strigare (la
licitaie) state s. 1. stat 2. situaie, stare adj.

statal, de stat v.t. 1. a stabili, a fixa 2. a afirma, a declara - - aided - subvenionat ~ bank - banc de stat ~ bond - obligaiune de stat ~ capitalism - capitalism de stat ~ control - control al statului -- grant - subvenie de stat ~ - guarantee - cu garania statului ~ insurance - asigurri sociale de stat ~ interference - intervenia statului (m economie), dirijism ~ management - administraie de stat ~ monopoly - monopol de stat

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STA

~ (-owned) enterprise - ntreprindere de stat statistical adj. statistic ~ paper - document oficial ~ data - date statistice ~ pensioner - pensionar de stat ~ department - serviciu statistic ~ planning - centralism/planificare statistician s. statistician economic() statistics s. statistic ~ property - proprietate de stat status s. 1. status, stare/condiie social stated adj. 1. stabilit, fixat 2. afirmat, 2. stare, situaie 3. statut legal declarat ~ enquiry agency - agenie de ~ capital - capital declarat informaii despre situatia financiar (a ~ salary - salariu stabilit/fixat uneifrme) statement s. 1. afirmaie, declaraie 2. ~ symbol - simbol de status (simbol al poziiei ocupate de o persoan sau un (cont.) extras de cont; situaie 3. (asig. grup n societate) mar.) dispa ~ balance - sold al extrasului statute s. statut; lege; regulament ~ - barred debt - datorie prescris de cont; ~ book - cod de legi sold final ~ of account - (cont.) extras de cont ~ of ~law -jurispruden affairs - (cont. ( bilanl,,;, bilan, de 'icfatlare ~ mile - mi.l terestr/en%lez ~ ol Tiimlaion^s) - \r7) legea prescripiei \dl unei societafi 'in^Tictiiare statutory adj. statutar; stabilit/ prevzut sau al unui debitor falit) de lege ~ of assets and liabilities - situaie a ~ company - societate de servicii publice activului i pasivului, bilan ~ of claim - (dr.) act de reclamaie; constituit printr-o lege special list de pretenii ~ dividend - dividend statutar ~ fee - tax ~ of costs - situaie a costurilor, cont al statutar (cost admi-nistrativ al lichidrii cheltuielilor (de producie) unui mprumut) ~ formality - formalitate ~ of goods - situaie a disponibilului de legal ~ funds - fond statutar ~ holiday mrfuri srbtoare legal ~ legacy - drept legal de stater s. (asig. mar.) dispaor motenire ~ meeting/report - adunare station s. 1. staie, gar 2. port, gar statutar (prima adunare general a maritim 3. staie, punct, loc; post aciona-rilor) ~ bill - (mar.) rol general al navei ~ order - ordonan cu putere de lege ~ ~ manager - efde gar reserve - rezerv legal (a unei bnc) static adj. static ~ sick pay - indemnizaie de boal ~ tenant ~ economics - economie static stationer s. papetar - arenda cu drept de a ocupa un teren i ~ 's shop - papetrie dup expirarea contractului stationery s. (articole de) papetrie statism s. economie planificat/dirijat statist 5'. 1. statistician 2. adept al economiei planificate/dirijate

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303

~ undertaker - concesionar de servicii publice steady adj. 1. stabil, ferm 2. continuu, constant; regulat v.t. a stabiliza (piaa, fluctuaiile etc.) ~ demand - cerere constant ~ market - pia stabil ~ progress - progres continuu/susinut ~ shipments - (mar.) transporturi regulate steel s. oel adj. referitor la oel, din oel ~ concrete - beton armat ~ industry - industria oelului steelworks s. oelrie steelyard s. balan roman steep adj. exagerat, exorbitant (despre preur) stem (mar.) s. stem, rnd de operare v.t. a programa o nav (pentru intrare nport, andocare, operare etc.) ~ date - dat de ncrcare ~ note - avizare/notificare de nav gata de operare" ~ number - numr de rnd la operare step s. 1. pas; demers, msur 2. etap, faz, treapt v.t. 1. (down) a micora, a reduce 2. (up) a mri, a spori ~ action - aciune/intervenie n etape/trepte stepped adj. n trepte ~ cost - cost n trepte (cost fx pna ce firma ajunge la un nou nivel de activitate comercial, cnd se fixeaz
alt cost)

- salary increase - spor de salariu n trepte stere s. ster (unitate de msur pentru
volum)

sterling adj. 1. referitor la lira sterlin 2. veritabil, pur; cu titlu legal (despre

metale preioase) s. 1. lir sterlin 2. standard de puritate (pentru monedele britanice din aur i arginf) ~ area / bloc - zona lirei sterline ~ balances - solduri' n lire sterline (pstrate n Marea Britanie) ~ gold - aur cu titlu legal ~ security - titlu de valoare pltibil n lire sterline ~ silver - argint cu titlu legal stevedore s. docher, muncitor portuar; stivator, stivuitor v.t. a stivui; a arima ~ equipment - utilaje de stivuire ~ foreman - ef stivator ~ service - serviciu de stivuire; companie de stivuire stevedoring s. stivuire, manipulri maritime; arimare ~ charges - cheltuieli de stivuire / manipulare ~ company - companie de stivuire steward s. 1. administrator (al unei proprieti funciare) 2. intendent, econom {al unui colegiu, al unui club) 3. steward (pe un tren, avion etc.) stewardess s. 1. stewardes (pe un tren, avion etc.) 1. fat de serviciu, menajer sticker s. 1. etichet (cu preul} 2. material publicitar colant ' sticky adj. relativ stabil, cu variaii mici {despre preurf) stiff adj. excesiv, piperat (despre preur) stipend s. stipendiu, salariu, leafa stipulate v.t. a stipula, a specifica v.i. (for) a stipula, a prevedea, a cere stipulated adj. stipulat, prevzut, convenit ~ quality - calitate stipulat / convenit

STI-STO

stipulation s. stipulatie, clauz, prevedere stipulator s. stipulator, contractant stock s.l. stoc, cantitate; rezerve, provizii 2. (packet de) aciuni; drept de acionar 3. titlu de valoare (emis de stat sau municipalitate) 4. eptel, inventar viu 5. materiale, unelte; inventar adj. 1. disponibil, n depozit (despre mrfuri, provizii) 2. referitor la actiuni sau titluri 3. referitor la creterea vitelor v.t. 1. a aproviziona, a fumiza 2. a avea, a ine (mrfur) 3. a stoca, a depozita ~ book registru de magazie ~ certificate certificat de aciuni ~ certificate to bearer - certificat de aciuni la purttor ~ clerk magaziner ~ company societate pe actiuni ~ control - gestiune a stocurilor ~ dividend - dividend-aciune (pltit n aciuni suplmentare i nu n numerar) ~ exchange - burs de valori ~ exchange list - buletin bursier ~ fair trg de vite ~ farm - ferm / cresctorie de vite / animale ~ fund - fond mutual de aciuni comune ~ index - indice bursier ~ -m-trade - stoc de mrfuri, mrfuri disponibile ~ issue - emisiune de aciuni ~ list - buletin al bursei; inventar ~ market - burs de valori; trg de vite ~ number - numr de fabricaie ~ of capital - rezerv de capital ~ of cash - rezerv de numerar ~ of orders - portofoliu de comenzi

~ option - titluri de valoare cu opiune (tranzacionate la dat i pre

specificat)

~ scrip - certificat provizoriu de aciuni ~ size - mrime obinuit / curent (de

articole de mbrcminte)

~ split - divizare a actiunilor (msur contabil de cretere a numrului de aciuni n circulaie fr emisiunea unor aciuni no) ~ ticker - telex pentm transmiterea automat a cotaiilor bursiere ~ turnover - circulaie/rulare a stocurilor ~ valuation - evaluare a stocurilor ~ warrant - (SUA) certificat de aciuni stockbreeder s. cresctor de vite stockbroker s. agent de schimb/burs, broker de titluri stockbroking s. brokeraj, curtaj stockholder s. acionar ~ of record - (SUA) acionar posesor de aciuni nominale ~ s'equity - capital propriu, capitalul acionarilor (deintori de aciuni comune) ~ s'meeting - adunarea acionarilor stockist s. angrosist (comerciant care se aprovizioneaz de la un anumit productor, pstrnd un anumit stoc de marf, n schimbul unor bonificai) stockjobber s. agent de burs (care iniial fcea tranzacii numai cu brokerii) stockjobbery s. intermedieri bursiere stockjobbing v. stockjobbery stockman s. 1. cresctor de vite 2. magaziner stockpile s. stoc; depozit de materiale v.t. a stoca, a depozita n stoc

STO

305

stockpiling s. stocare, depozitate n

stoc

stockroom s. magazie, depozit stocktaking s. inventariere, inventar ~ price - pre de inventar ~ sale - vnzare / soldare la inventar ~ value - valoare de inventar stockyard s. 1. arc de vite; obor de vite 2. teren de depozitare stone 5'. stone (unitate de masur pentru greutate) stop s. 1. oprire; retenie, sechestm (asupra marfii) 2. suspendare, sistare, ntrerupere (a livrrilor) v.t. 1. a opri; a reine, a sechestra (niarf) 2. a suspenda, a sista, a ntrerupe (livrrile') v.i. 1. a se opri, a se ntrerupe 2. (over) a face o (scurt) oprire (m timpul unui circuit turisic); a face o escal ~ for freight - (mar.) retenie a mrfii pentru navlu ~ - go policy - politic altemativ de frnare - accelerare (a dezvoltrii); (fin.) altemare rapid a inflaiei i deflaiei ~ loss - (bur.) oprire a pierderilor {prdin ctre broker de a vinde aciunile care scad sub o anumit valoare) ~ order - ordin (ctre banca) de ncetare a plilor (pentru un cec); ordonan judectoreasc de blocare a unor conturi, fonduri ~ payment -ordin (ctre banc) de ncetare a plilor (pentru un cec) ~ price - curs la care brokerul s-a angajat s vnd (pentru a evita
pierderi mai mari)

~ loan - mprumut (pe termen scurt) pentru msuri provizorii / temporare stoppage s.l. oprire, ntrempere; ncetare a lucmlui, grev 2. oprire, sechestrare (a mrf) 3. reinere (din salariu) ~ in transitu - oprire (a mrfi} n tranzit (de ctre furnizor dacd
cumprtorul este insolvabil)

stopgap s. msur provizorie / temporar; expedient adj. provizoriu, temporar

storage s. 1. depozitare, nmagazinare 2. depozit, magazie; rezervor ~ capacity - capacitate de depozitare ~ charges - cheltuieli de depozitare ~ factor - grad de utilizare / ocupare al depozitului ~ life - (com.) termen de garanie; durat de depozitare ~ losses - pierderi la depozitare ~ space - spaiu de depozitare ~ tank - rezervor ~ vessel - depozit plutitor ~ yard - depozit; teren de depozitare store s. 1. depozit, magazie, antrepozit 2. stoc, rezerv 3. materiale, bunuri 4. magazin, prvlie; i pl. magazin universal v.t. 1. a aproviziona 2. a depozita, a nmagazina; a ine n depozit sau magazin ~ book - registru de mrfuri ~ cattle - vite de came ~ clothes - confecii ~ ship/vessel - nav - baz stored adj. 1. aprovizionat 2. depozitat, nmagazinat ~ terms - livrat contra warant storehouse s. depozit, magazie, antrepozit storekeeper s. 1. magaziner 2. (SUA) proprietar de magazin, comerciant storeman s. magaziner storeroom s. magazie, depozit

STO-STR

stow v.t. \.(mar.) a stivui; a arima 2. a ambala, a mpacheta; a nmagazina stowable adj. stivuibil ~ cargo container - container stivuibil stowage s. l.(mar.) stivuire; arimare 2. spaiu de stivuire; magazie, cal 3. tax de stivuire 4. mrfuri stivuite 5. ambalare, mpachetare; nmagazinare ~ capacity - capacitate a magaziei ~ certificate - certificat de stivuire ~ diagram - schem de stivuire ~ factor - indice / factor de stivuire ~ order - instruciuni de stivuire ~ plan - plan de ncrcare, cargoplan ~ space - spaiu de stivuire stowaway s. pasager clandestin stower s. (mar.) stivuitor, stivator stowing ^. (mar.) stivuire; arimare ~ certifcate - certificat de stivuire ~ dimension - gabarit al mrfii stivuite straddle s. (bur.) opiune dubl / mixt, stelaj to ~ the market - a face speculaii pe piaa bursier (miznd pe scderea unor valori sau pe creterea altord) straight adj. 1. drept; direct 2. corect, cinstit 3. nominal 4.(com.) vndut la pre fix {indiferent de cantitate) ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament nominal ~ bond -obligaiune direct (fr opiuni de convertire) ~ dealing - afacere cinstit ~ letter of credit - acreditiv nominal ~ - line - liniar; cu productie n flux ~ - line method - (cont.) metoda amortizrii liniare ~ - line rate - tarif proporional cu consumul ~ loan - mprumut negarantat

~ - term mortgage loan - credit ipotecar cu rambursare integral la scaden strain s. tensiune, ncordare (pe pia) ~ on credit - limitare a creditului straits s.pl. jen fmanciar, situaie critic strap (SUA) s. (bur.) opiune tripl strategic adj. strategic ~ analysis - (man.) analiz strategic (analiza factorilor-cheie care po asigura succesul) ~ behaviour - comportament strategic
(al unei firme n vederea obinerii de profituri maxime)

~ business unit - (man.) unitate strategic de afaceri (cea mai mic unitate a unei corporaii care poate aplica o strategie independent) ~ Rt - {man.') armonizare strategic (corelarea dintre strategia companiei i resursele sale) ~ group - grup strategic (grup de societi cu pondere important n cadrul unei industrii care urmeaz o strategie comun) ~ piggybacking - povar strategic (domeniu de activitate care funcioneaz folosind resursele altui domeniu} ~ plan - plan strategic predisposition - predispoziie strategic (tendina unei societi de a urma o anumit strategie pe baza activitii trecute i a activelor sale) ~ raw materials - materii prime de importan strategic ~ stocks - rezerve strategice strategy s. strategie streamline v.. a accelera, a dinamiza (procesul deproducie) street s. strad

STR-SUB

307

~ loan - mprumut pe termen scurt (24 de ore, pentru agenii de burs) ~ market - burs neoficial ~ name - broker cu titlu neoficial (care deine aciuni nregistrate pe numele su, i nupe cel al clientului cu scopul de a uura tranzacia i ca garanie c
acesta se va realiza n limitele financiare prestabilite)

~ porter - comisionar ~ price - curs la bursa neoficial - trader - vnztor ambulant; vnztor de mruniuri strike s. 1. descoperire (a unui zcmnt) 1. succes, noroc, lovitur 3. grev 4. strike (unitate de msur pentru capacitate) v.t. 1. a descoperi (un zcmnt) 2. a face (o afacere); a reui (in afaceri) 3. a bate (moned) 4. (off) a reduce, a face un rabat / o reducere de 5. (out) a tia, a terge, a radia v.i. a face grev, a f n grev; a declara grev ~ benefit / pay - indemnizaie de grev ~ clause - clauza grevei ~ committee - comitet de grev ~ movement - micare grevist ~ picket - pichet de grev ~ price - (bur.) pre de exercitiu (cursul la care cumprtorul unei opiuni de cumprare sau vnzare
poate dobndi sau ceda activul n cauza)

~ struggle - aciune / lupt grevist to be on ~ - a fi n grev to come out on ~ - a intra n grev to go on ~ - a face grev to ~ a balance - a ncheia un bilan; a solda un cont to ~ it rich - a se mbogi brusc / rapid

to ~ work - a nceta lucml, a intra n grev strikebreaker s. sprgtor de grev striker s. grevist stringency s. 1. strictee, rigoare, severitate; restrngere, limitare 2. lips de bani, dificulti financiare 3. depresiune, criz (apiee) ~ of credit - restrngere a creditului / posibilitilor de creditare stringent adj. 1. strict, riguros, sever 2. puin, insuficient (despre bani, capitalun); restrns, limitat (despre piaa financiar) ~ market - pia restrns / limitat ~ regulations - dispozitii stricte / riguroase / severe strong adj. solid; ferm, stabil ~ market - pia ferm ~ measures - msuri energice ~ position - situaie solid (financiara) ~ prices - preuri stabile strongbox s. cas de bani, seif strongroom s. tezaur, camer de valori (ntr-o banc) structural adj. structural, de structur *~ analysis - analiz structural ( a unei ramuri industriale) change / transformation modificare / transformare structural ~ unemployment - omaj structural (datorat structurii economice) structure s. structur (economic, organizatoric etc.) stub s. cotor, talon, matc (de chitan, cec etc.) ~ - card - cartel cu talon style s. 1. stil, manier, mod 2. tip, model 3. mod 4. titlu, nume; nume comercial / social v.t. a numi, a denumi subaccount s. subcont

308

SUB

subagent s. subagent subaltern s. subaltem subcharter v.t. (mar.) a subnavlosi subcharterer s. (mar.) subnavlositor, navlositor intermediar subcommission s. subcomisie subcommittee s. subcomitet subcompany s. societate sub controlul altei societi subcontract s. subcontract, contract secundar v.t. a subcontracta programme - program de subantrepriz subcontractor s. 1. subcontractant, subantreprenor 2. subfumizor, fumizor intermediar subdirector .. subdirector, director adjunct subdivide v.t.,v.i. a (se) submpri; a (se) subdiviza subject adj. 1. supus; dependent 2. (to) supus/expus la; pasibil de prep. (to) sub rezerva; cu condiia s. subiect, tem; obiect de studiu, materie v.t. (to) a supune, a expune ~ goods - mrfuri rubricate (intr-un
document de transport)

~ to the foregoing - sub rezerva celor artate mai sus subjoin v.t. a aduga, a anexa subjoinder s. adaos; remarc adiional sublease s. subnchiriere; subarendare v.t. a subnchiria; a subarenda subleasing s. subnchiriere; subarendare sublessee s. subchiria; subarenda sublessor s. persoan care subnchiriaz sau subarendeaz sublet v.. 'd subnchiria; a subarenda sublettable adj. de subnchiriat; de subarendat subletting v. subleasing subliminal adj. subliminal, subcontient ~ advertising - publicitate subliminal submanager v. subdirector submortgage s. subipotec; reipotecare suboffice.y. sucursal subordinate adj. subordonat, secundar ~ debt - datorie secimdar (datorie
care se achit numai dupd ce au fost acoperite obligaiile fa de deintorii de aciuni prefereniale)

~ matter - subiect, tem; obiect,

materie

~ matter insured - obiect asigurat ~ nation - stat dependent ~ open - cu condiia ca nava s fie disponibil (clauz de navlosire) ~ to alteration - sub rezerva modificrilor ~ to approval - sub rezerva aprobrii ~ to quota restrictions - contingentat ~ to restrictions - supus restriciilor ~ to safe arrival - cu condiia sosirii sigure (clauz de navlosire)

subpoena (dr.) s. citatie {implicnd amend n caz de neprezentare) v.t. a cita subrogate v.t. (dr.) a subroga subrogation s. {dr.) subrogare ~ clause - clauz de subrogare subscribe v.t. 1. a semna, a iscli 2. a subscrie (o sum), a contribui cu v.i. 1. a semna, a iscli, a-i pune semntura 2. a subscrie, a contribui 3. a plti cotizaii, abonamente etc; a fi abonat subscriber s. 1. semnatar 2. abonat ~ capital - capital subscris the ~ - subsemnatul

SUB-SUC

309

subscription s. 1. semnare, isclire; semntur, isclitur 2. document / act semnat 3. subscriere; subscripie, sum subscris; cotizaie 4. abonament ~ certifcate - certificat provizoriu de aciuni ~ form - formular de subscriere ~ list list de subscripii ~ price - pre de subscripie ~ right - drept (preferenial) de subscriere (de aciuni) subsequent adj. urmtor; ulterior ~ claims - pretenii / revendicri ulterioare ~ endorser - urmtoml andosator ~ holder - urmtorul deintor ~ payment - plat ulterioar; plat suplimentar subsidiary adj. 1. subsidiar, auxiliar, complementar 2. mentinut / ntreinut prin subvenii s. filial ~ account - (cont.) subcont ledgers - (cont.) crti mari auxiliare/analitice ~ coin - moned divizionar ~ company - filial subsidize v.. a subveniona subsidy s. subvenie, subsidiu subsistence s.. subzisten, existen 2. mijloace de trai / existen; resurse ~ agriculture /farming agricultur de subzisten {destinata ntreinerii agricultorului ifamiliei sale) ~ allowance / money - indemnizaie de cltorie (in interes de serviciu) ~ crop recolt de subzisten (care nu este destinat comercializri) ~ level - nivel al minimului de existen ~ wages - salariu minim/de subzisten subsoil s. subsol

substitute s. 1. substitut, nlocuitor 2. schimb, nlocuire 3. surogat ~ ad interim - interimar ~ goods / products - nlocuitori, surogate; imitaii ~ material - material de nlocuire ~ money - substitui ai banilor substitution s. substituire, nlocuire ~ effect - efect de substituire (efectul asupra comportamentului cumprtorului cauzat de modificarea preului unui anumit produs)

~ (price) bond swap - (fin.) operaiuni de swap prin substituire de obligaiuni ~ product - produs de substituie substructure s. infrastructur subtenancy v. subleasing subtenant v. sublessee subtotal s. sum partial suburb s. suburbie suburban adj. suburban ~ area - zon suburban suburbanization .y. suburbanizare, extindere a zonei suburbane suburbanize v.t. a suburbaniza, a extinde zona suburban subvention s. subvenie succeed v.i. l.(to) a urma, succeda (Za); a moteni (o proprietate) 1. (in) a reui
(n afaceri)

to ~ to a business - a prelua conducerea afacerilor/firmei succeeding adj. 1. urmtor 2. succesiv ~ account/settlement - (bur.) lichidarea urmtoare ~ losses - pierderi succesive ~ planning - planificare succesiv (mai ales a sistemului de conducere i pregtire a cadrelor) successful adj. care are succes, ncununat de succes

310

SUC-SUP

~ tenderer - adjudecatar succession s. 1. succesiune; serie, ir 2. (dr.) succesiune; motenire duty - impozit succesoral/pe motenire ~ law - drept succesoral ~ of crops asolament, rotaie a culturilor successional adj. 1. succesiv 2. (dr.) succesoral successive adj. succesiv ~ endorsements andosri succesive successor adj. succesor, urma; motenitor sue v.t. 1. a da n judecat, a intenta proces 2. (out) a obine (o hotrre judectoreasc) v.i. a intenta proces; a cere daune/despgubiri ~ and labour clause - (asig. mar.) clauz de acionare i lucru; clauz de diminuare a pagubelor ~ charges - cheltuieli de judecat sufferance s. permisiune, autorizare; permis ~ wharf - dan de antrepozitare (pn la plata taxelor vamale) suit s. proces, urmrire judiciar ~ at law - proces/aciune civil() sum s. sum, total v.t. 1. a aduna, a calcula 2. (up) a totaliza; a rezuma, a recapitula ~ due/owning - sum datorat ~ insured - valoare a poliei de asigurare, sum asigurat ~ in words/at length - sum n litere ~ payable - sum de plat ~ total - sum total/global summary s. rezumat (al unui document) adj. sumar, scurt ~ dismissal - concediere disciplinar -jurisdiction'-jurisdicie sumar

~ proceeding (dr.) procedur sumar summit s. summit, conferin la nivel nalt adj. la vrf/nivel nalt ~ conference - conferin la nivel nalt ~ talks - tratative/negocieri la nivel nalt summons s. citaie; somaie; mandat sumptuary adj. somptuar ~ law - lege somptuar ~ tax - tax somptuar sundries s. pl. 1. articole diverse 2. cheltuieli diverse ~ account - (cont.) cont diverse ~ column - (conr.) coloan diverse ~ ledger - (cont.) registru diverse sundry adj. divers ~ account - (cont.) cont diverse ~ debtors - debitori diverse ~ expenses - cheltuieli diverse sunrise s. rsrit de soare ~ industry - industrie nou/emergent sunset s. apus de soare ~ industry - industrie n declin superannuate v.t., v.i. a (se) pensiona superannuation s. 1. pensionare 2. pensie ~ contribution - contribuie pentru pensie ~ fund - fond de pensii supercargo s. (mar.) supercargo (reprezentant pe nav al navlositorului
sau al proprietarului mrfi)

superdividend s. dividend suplimentar superfne adj. extrafin; de calitate superioar superfluous s. ineficient ~ diversifcations - (/m.) diversificare ineficient (selecia a 10 pn la 15
active ntr-un portofoliu)

superintend v.t. a supraveghea; a conduce, a administra

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SUP

superintendence s. supraveghere; conducere, administrare superintendent s. inspector, controlor; administrator; director tehnic ~ engineer - inginer-ef superior adj. superior; de calitate superioar s. superior; director ~ court - instan suprem ~ fnish - finisaj superior ~ goods - mrfuri superioare/de calitate superioar - quality - calitate superioar supermarginal adj. care depete limitele stabilite (despre un credit) supermarket s. supermarket, mare magazin universal (cu autoservire) supernumerary adj. supranumerar ~ income - venit supranumerar superprofit s. supraprofit superscribe v.t. 1. a nscrie (numele, meniuni) 2. a scrie, a meniona (adresa)', a pune adresa pe (un plic), a scrie n antet superscription s. 1. inscripie, meniune 2. adres (pe plic); antet (pe. documente) supersede v.t. a nltura, a elimina (un funcionar) supersession s. nlturare, eliminare
(dintr-un post)

supertare s. tar suplimentar supertax s. supratax; impozit pe supraprofit supervise v.t. 1. a supraveghea, a controla 2. a conduce, a dirija supervision s. 1. supraveghere, control 2. conducere, dirijare supervisor s. supraveghetor, controlor supervisory adj. de supraveghere/ control

~ personnel - personal de supraveghere ~ training - formare/pregtire a personalului de supraveghere supplement s. supliment v.t. a suplimenta supplementary adj. suplimentar ~ beneft - ajutor suplimentar de stat ~ charge - tax suplimentar ~ costs - costuri suplimentare entry (con.) nregistrare suplimentar ~ income - venit suplimentar ~ insurance asigurare suplimentar ~ policy - poli de asigurare suplimentar ~ taxation - supraimpunere ~ wage supliment de salariu supplier s. fumizor ~ concentration - concentrare a livrrilor (de materie prim ctre un sector industrial n mna ctorva fumizori) ~ credit - credit comercial (acordat cumprtorului de ctrefurnizor) ~ 's monopoly - monopol comercial supply s. 1. aprovizionare, fumizare, livrare 2. rezerv, stoc 3. credit, fond 4. ofert 5. nlocuire, suplinire 6. nlocuitor, suplinitor 7. alimentare {cu ap curent, energie electric etc.) v.t. 1. a aproviziona, a alimenta 2. a fumiza, a livra ~ and demand - cerere i ofert ~ base baz de aprovizionare, depozit ~ contractor - fumizor ~ -delivery service serviciu de aprovizionare - desfacere ~ depot - depozit de materiale ~ on hand rezerv/stoc disponibil() ~ plant - uzin fumizoare

312

SUP-SUR

~ price - pre de ofert support s. sprijin, susmere v.t. a sprijini, a susine (preuri) point - punct de intervenie/ susinere (cnd banca central intervine pentru susinerea cursulu) ~ price - pre susinut/subvenionat supporting adj. de sprijin/sustinere ~ document act/dotumentjustificativ ~ order - ordin de cumprare (penru a susine cursul) ~ purchases - cumprri de susinere (a cursului) supremacy s. supremaie, poziie dominant (pepia) surcharge s. 1. suprancrcare 2. supratax 3. (asig.) prim suplimentar 4. amend 5. surarj (pe un timbru) v.t. 1. a suprancrca 2. a suprataxa, a cere suprataxe pentru 3. a amenda 4. a suraija (un timbru) surety s. 1. garanie (pentru o datorie) 1. garant 3. aval 4. siguran, securitate ~ bond - obligaiune garantat ~ for a bill of exchange - aval ~ for a surety contragaranie to enter into a ~ bond - a se angaja printr-un act de garanie to stand ~ for smb. - a fi garant pentru cineva suretyship s. angajament de garanie surplus s. surplus,excedent adj. excedentar, n surplus ~ capacity - capacitate excedentar (de producie) ~ dividend - dividend suplimentar ~ earnings beneficiu suplimentar/ nedistribuit ~ fund - fond de rezerv ~ in the cash - plus de cas

~ labour - fort de munc excedentar; munc suplimentar ~ of receipts overs costs - excedent al ncasrilor fa de costuri ~ production - supraproducie ~ profit - supraprofit reserve - (fin.) rezerv general (obligatorie), capital de rezerv (al unei bnci) ~ sales - vnzri n surplus ~ spending unit - unitate economic cu cheltuieli mai mari dect veniturile ~ stock - solduri; excedent de stocuri ~ value - plusvaloare surplusage s. surplus; supraabunden surrender 1. cedare; remitere, transfer (de documente) 2. (dr.) cesionare 3. rscumprare (a unei polie de asigurare) v.t. 1. a ceda; a remite, a transfera (documente) 1. (dr.) a cesiona 3. a rscumpra (o poli de asigurare) ~ value - valoare de rscumprare (a unei polie de asigurare) surtax s. supratax v.t. a impune o supratax survey s. 1. examen, studiu, cercetare; anchet; sondaj 2. expertiz 3. ridicare topografic; releveu v.t. a examina, a studia, a cerceta 2. a expertiza 3. a msura (un teren); a trece n plan, a face releveul ~ certificate - certificat de inspecie (ehberat navei dup inspecia de registru) classification inspecie de clasificare ( a registrului navat) ~ expenses - cheltuieli de expertiz ~ report - raport de expertiz surveyor s. 1. controlor; inspector; expert 2. topometru, topograf; geodez ~ of customs - inspector vamal

SUR-SWO

313

~ of taxes - inspector de contribuii directe ~ of the port - (SUA) inspector vamal deport ~ of weights and measures - controlor de msuri i greuti suspend v.t. 1. a sista, a ntrerupe (livrrile, plile etc); a amna 2. a suspenda (un funcionar) suspense s. suspensie ~ account - (cont.) cont n tranzit (cont de ordine inut temporar n suspensie) ~ entry - (cont.) articol de ordine suspension s. 1. sistare, ntrerupere {a Hvrrior) ; amnare 2. suspendare (a unuifuncionar) sustainable adj. durabil ~ non-inflationary growth - cretere neinflaionist durabil swap s. 1. schimb n natur, troc 2. marf schimbat prin troc 3. swap, schimb fnanciar de creane (cedarea unor creane, deinitte de o banc, n schimbul unui alt activ sau schimbarea unei creane dintr-o anumit valut n alt valut ori transformarea unei datorii cu dobnd fix ntr-o datorie cu dobnd variabil) v.t. a face schimb/troc cu v. i. a face schimb/troc swapping s. schimb n natur, troc ~ terms - raport de troc swatch s. mostr (de material) sweat s. 1. munc grea, corvoad 2. (mar.) sudaie (in magaziile nave} v.t. a exploata (mna de lucru) v.i. a munci din greu, a trudi ~ damage - avarie produs prin sudaie sweated adj. extenuant i prost pltit {despre munca) ~ labour - fort de munc exploatat sweatee s. muncitor exploatat

sweater s. exploatator sweating adj. 1. extenuant i prost pltit (despre munca) 1. exploatator (despre un patron) s. 1. exploatare (a muncitorilor) 2. (mar.) sudaie ~ system - exploatare patronal sweatshop s. atelier (de fabrica) cu condiii grele de munc {salarii mici, program lung etc.) sweepstake s. loterie swindle 5'. escrocherie, neltorie; extorcare v.t. a escroca, a nela; a
extorca (ban)

swindler s. escroc swing 5'. 1. fluctuaie 2. plafon valoric/ descoperit (stabilit n cadrul operaiilor de ciring) v.i. a fluctua (despre preur) ~ credit - credit reciproc negarantat ~ producer - productorul cel mai activ (dintr-un cartel) ~ shift - schimbul de dup-amiaz {orele 16-24) swingeing adj. 1. exorbitant (despre impozite) 2. drastic, sever (despre reduceri bugetare) switch s. switch, operaie de arbitraj switch (operaie de schimb ntre o valut forte i una de cliring, transformarea nefcndu-se prin intermediul mrfi) ~ deal / transaction - comert triunghiular, tranzacie switch (la export, realizat n devize printr-o a treia ar pentru eludarea reglementrilor valutare)', speculaie valutar bazat pe diferena de curs switching ^. schimbare (de itluri de valoare prin vnzarea unora i cumprarea altord) swop s. troc v.t. a face schimb/troc de

314

SWO-SYS

sworn adj. 1. jurat, care a depus jurmnt 2. oficial, autorizat ~ broker - broker oficial/autorizat ~ statement - declaraie sub prestare dejurmnt -- surveyor - expert oficial/autorizat ~ weighter - cantaragiu oficial/
autorizat

symbiotic adj. simbiotic ~ marketing - marketing simbiotic (realizat prin acorduri ntre dou sau
mai multefirme)

sympathetic adj. solidar ~ strike - grev de solidaritate syndic 5. sindic syndical adj. sindical syndicalism s. sindicalism syndicate s. 1. sindicat (patronal); consoriu, cartel; grup de bnci de investiii (care se unesc pentru afaceri ce necesit mari resurse financiare) 2. trust de pres; agenie care achiziioneaz o producie jumalistic (articole, fotografii etc. i o distribuie mai multor ziare concomitenf) v.t. 1. a sindicaliza, a uni ntr-un sindicat (patronal); a forma un grup bancar (pentru afaceri ce necesit mari resurse financiare) 2. a vinde o producie jumalistic (articole, foto-grafii etc. mai multor ziare concomitent) ~ agreement - acord de constituire a unui sindicat ~ offer(ing) - ofert (de aciuni, obligaiuni) a sindicatului

syndicated adj. sindicalizat (despre un sindicat patronal) ~ loan - mprumut sindiclizat ~ research - studiu sindicalizat (studiu de pia de mare amploare efectuat independent de o frm specializat i oferit spre vnzare) syndicator s. membru al unui sindicat (patronal) synthetic adj. sintetic ~ loans - mprumuturi sintetice (ransformarea unui mprumut cu rat flotant ntr-unul cu rat fix prin folosirea ratelor dobnzii la tennen) ~ position - (bur.) poziie sintetic (obinut prin tranzacionarea opiunilor, ct i a instrumentelor car stau la baza acestord) ~ product - produs sintetic system s. 1. sistem 2. regim, ornduire
3. reea (feroviar, rutier, electric etc.)

~ s and procedures - (man.) organizare i metode (serviciu de consultan pe lng conducerea unei
firme)

systematic adj. sistematic ~ costs - cheltuieli de fabricaie ~ risk - risc sistematic/de pia (acea parte din riscul unui titlu de valoare care rezult din oscilaiile pieei bursiere i nu poate fi eliminat prin diversificare) systematize v.t. a sistematiza

T
table s. 1. mas 2. tabel, tabel, tabl, tablou; list; tarif; indicator ~ licence - licen pentm vnzarea buturilor alcoolice numai cu mncare ~ man - pontator ~ money - cheltuieli de reprezentare ~ of allowances - list de reduceri fiscale ~ of charges / fares - list de preuri (m transportur) ~ of interest - tabel de procente ale dobnzilor ~ of organization - organigram ~ of rates - tarif ~ of weights and measures - tabel de msuri i greuti to ~ a bill - a depune un proiect de lege (in parlament) tabular adj. tabular, sub form de tabel ~ bookkeeping - contabilitate tabular ~ book - registru tabular ~ data - date sub form de tabel tabularze v. tabulate tabulate v.t. a tabula, a pune n tabel tabulated v. tabular tabulation s. tabulare, punere n tabel tabulating adj. tabular ~ machine - tabulator ~ system - sistem tabular tabulator s. tabulator tag s. etichet {mobil'), tbli v.t. a ataa o etichet ~ day - (SUA) zi de colect public tagging s. etichetare, marcare tail s. (dr.) drept de motenire limitat; limitare a succesiunii numai la descendenii dintr-o anumit linie/un anumit sex adj. limitat din punctul de vedere al motenirii ~ female - linie succesoral femeiasc; proprietate transmisibil numai pe linie feminin ~ male - linie succesoral brbteasc; proprietate transmisibil numai pe linie masculin take v.t. 1. a lua 2. a cumpra 3. a nchiria, a reine (locuri) 4. a ncasa, a ctiga 5. a lua cu mpmmut, a mprumuta 6. (off) a scdea, a reduce (un pret), a elimina, a terge (de pe list) 7. (out) a obine, a scoate (un
certificat, un brevet etc.) 8. (over) a

prelua (afaceri, datorii etc.) 9. (up) a accepta, a plti (o cambie, un bilet la ordin) la scaden sau naintea scadenei; a percepe (impozite) ~ -home pay - salariu net to ~ effect - a intra n vigoare to ~ legal advice - a consulta un
avocat

to ~ oath - a depune jurmnt to ~ possession - a intra n posesie to ~ the chair - a prezida takeover s. preluare (de afaceri,
datorii etc.)

~ bid - ofert de preluare (a unei

societi fdcut acionarilor acesteid)

taker s. 1. primitor 2. antreprenor ~ of an option - (bur.) persoan care preia o opiune

316

TAK-TAR

~ s -in - (bur.) persoane care preiau angajamentele speculatorilor la

hausse

taking s. 1. luare, preluare 2. pl. ncasri, sume ncasate ~ frm - preluare ferm {a aciunilor
emise)

talk s. 1. convorbire, discuie 2. pl. negocieri, tratative to hold ~s - a purta tratative; a avea convorbiri tally s. 1. pontaj, pontare (de mrfuri) 1. copie, duplicat 3. etichet (ataat la mrfuri, bagaje etc.); talon de identificare 4. jeton (de prezen) v.t. 1. a ponta {mrfur) 2. a ataa o etichet / un talon la (mrfuri, bagaje) v.i. a face pontaj ~ clerk / keeper - pontator (de mrfur) ~ of discharge - pontaj la descrcare ~ of loading - pontaj la ncrcare ~ sheet - fi de pontaj (la recepia mrfurilor), borderou ~ shop - magazin care vinde n rate / pe credit ~ system / trade - comer n rate / pe credit tallyman s. 1. pontator (de mrfur) 2. comerciant care vinde n rate / pe credit talon s. talon, cupon (de la chitan) tamper v.i. (with) 1. a falsifica {conturi, registre ec.) 2. a deschide, a viola {corespondena) 3. a sustrage (ban) 4. a corupe, a mitui {martor) tamperer s. 1. falsificator (de conturi, registre etc.) 2. coruptor, mituitor (de martor) tampering s. 1. falsificare (de conturi, registre etc.) 2. corupere, mituire (de martori}

~ with the market - (bur.) operaii / speculaii de destabilizare a pieei tangible adj. tangibil, material, real s. pl. active tangibile ~ assets - active tangibile ~ property - bunuri materiale tank s. rezervor, cistem, tanc ~ barge - lep-tanc ~ capacity - capacitate a rezervorului ~ car - vagon-cistem; autocistem ~ container - container-tanc ~ lorry / truck - autocistem ~ ship / vessel - tanc petrolier, nav-cistem, petrolier ~ trailer - remorc-cistern ~ waggon - vagon-cistem tankage 5. 1. capacitate (a unei
cisteme, a unui tanc) 2. tancare 3.

cheltuieli de tancare ~ capacity - capacitate de tancare tanker s. 1. tanc petrolier, nav-cistem, petrolier 2. vagon-cistem 3. autocistem ~ berth - dan pentru petroliere ~ company - companie de petroliere ~ -container ship / vessel - petrolier-container ~ fleet - flot de petroliere ~ terminal - terminal pentru petroliere ~ tonnage - tonaj al petrolierului ~ trade - transport de mrfuri lichide tare s. 1. tar, dara 2. reducere a tarei v.t. acalculatara ~ allowance - reducere a tarei ~ and tret - regul aritmetic pentru a calcula tara ~ assumed by the customs - tar legal ~ weight - greutate brut, tar tarer s. colet cu tara calculat

TAR-TAX

317

target s. 1. int, referin 2. norm, plan ~ audience - audien-int (segment

de consumatori vizat de o campanie pubicitar) ~ firm - firm - int (companie pe care o alt firm dorete s o achiziioneze)

~ market - pia-int ~ price - pre-int (preul jxat periodic de CEE pentru produsele agricole) to smash the ~ - a sparge norma targeting s. orientare (a resurselor pentru sprijinirea unor sectoare industriale prioritare) tariff s. 1. tarif; tax vamal 2. list de preuri / tarife v.t. 1. a tarifa, a evalua 2. a include n tarif ~ agreement - acord tarifar ~ harmonization - armonizare a taxelor vamale ~ level - nivel al tarifelor ~ policy - politic tarifar / vamal ~ price - pre de referin ~ quota - contingent tarifar ~ rates - taxe tarifare / vamale; preuri tarifare ~ reform - reform a taxelor vamale; reform protecionist; (SUA) desfiinare a taxelor vamale ~ reformer - protecionist; (SUA') antiprotecionist ~ schedule - tabel tarifar ~ system - sistem / regim tarifar ~ union - uniune vamal ~ value - valoare n vam ~ wages - salariu tarifar ~ walls - bariere vamale ~ war - rzboi vamal ~ zone - zon vamal

tariffing s. tarifare taring s. calculare a tarei ~ regulations - reguli de calculare a tarei task s. sarcin; datorie; lucru, lucrare, munc v.t. a da de Jucru, a pune la munc; a fixa o sarcin / munc ~ bonus - (sistem de) prime n raport cu ndeplinirea normei ~ system of pay - sistem de salarizare pentru munca n acord ~ wages - salariu n acord ~ work - munc n acord ~ worker - muncitor n acord taskmaster s. 1. distribuitor de sarcini; conductor, ef2. normator; pontator tax s. tax, impozit, contribuie v.t. 1. a taxa, a impozita, a impune (fiscal) 2.
(dr.) a stabili (cuantumul daunelor, al amenzii etc.)

~ administration - administraie /
secie fnanciar

~ assessment - fixare a unui impozit; baz de calcul a impozitului ~ avoidance - evitare a impozitelor, facilitare fiscal (practic legal prin care se urmrete diminuarea impozitelor pltite) ~ base - baz de calcul a impozitului ~ bearer - contribuabil ~ break - faciliti de plat a impozitelor ~ burden - sarcini fiscale ~ collection - colectare a impozitelor ~ collector / gatherer - agent fiscal ~ consultant - consilier fiscal ~ deduction card - camet de plat / reinere a impozitului (pe salariu) ~ deposit certifcate - certificat de depozit pentru impunere (folosit pentru

318

TAX-TEA

plata impozitelor, certificatul oferind

dobnda)

~ disc / token - tax auto / de dmmuri ~ dodger - evazionist fiscal ~ efficiency - efcien / operativitate a investiiei (astfel nct impozitul pe profitul obinut sfie ct mai mic) ~ equalisation - egalizare fiscal ~ evasion - evaziune fiscal ~ -exempt / -free - scutit de impozite; neimpozabil ~ exemption - scutire de impozite ~ exile - exilat din motive fiscale (persoan care se expatriaz din cauza
regimului fiscat)

~ form - formular de impunere ~ franchise - imunitate fiscal ~ haven - paradis fiscal (ar care
ofer reducer importante de impozite)

~ holiday - perioad de scutire de impozite ~ impact / incidence - impact / inciden a(l) impozitului (care poate afecta unprodus depepia) ~ inspector - inspector financiar ~ levy - percepere de impozite ~ liabilities - obligaii fiscale ~ lien - drept de retenie pentru plata impozitelor ~ loss - pierdere deliberat / intenionat (pentru a evita plata
impozitului pe profit)

~ return - declaraie de impunere ~ revenue - venit fiscal, ncasri din impozite ~ es and dues - impozite i taxe ~ sale - vnzare (silit) pentru neplata impozitelor ~ schedules - categorii de impozite ~ shelter/shield - scutire de taxe - stamp - timbru fiscal ~ surcharge - supraimpunere fiscal ~ system - sistem fiscal ~ year - exerciiu fiscal / financiar taxability s. impozabilitate, caracter impozabil taxable adj. impozabil s. pl. 1. contribuabili 2. venituri sau proprieti impozabile ~ article - articol impozabil; obiect al impunerii ~ base - baz a impunerii ~ horsepower - putere fiscal (la
autovehicule)

~ point - punct / moment de impunere (cnd trebue achitat TVA) ~ proceeds / receipts - ncasri fiscale/ din impozite ~ rate - impozit; procent al impunerii ~ reduction / relief - reducere a impozitelor ~ reform - reform fiscal ~ refund - restituire a impozitului

~ income - venit impozabil ~ quota - cot impozabil ~ surplus - surplus / excedent impozabil ~ value - valoare impozabil ~ year - exerciiu financiar taxation s. 1. impunere (fiscal), impozitare 2. impozit, sum impus ~ authorities - administraie / secie financiar taxpayer s. contribuabil ~ identification number - (SUA) numr de identificare al contribuabilului team s. grup, echip teamster s. (SUA) ofer de autocamion teamwork s. munc m echip/colectiv

TEC-TEM

319

technical adj. tehnic s. pl. 1. terminologie tehnic 2. detalii / amnunte tehnice ~ adviser - consilier tehnic ~ assistance - asisten tehnic ~ conditions - condiii tehnice ~ control - control tehnic ~ crops - culturi tehnice ~ design - proiect tehnic ~ education - nvmnt profesional; calificare profesional ~ inspection / revision / supervision revizie tehnic ~ office - birou de proiectare ~ orders / specifications - prescripii / specificaii tehnice ~ personnel - personal tehnic ~ position - {bur.) poziie tehnic (referitor la situaia pe pia a unor
aciuni)

~ regulations - (cow.) regulamente tehnice- (care stipuleaz caracteristicile produselor sau a proceselor de fabricaie, regulile de ambalare i etichetare, prevederile administrative ce trebuie aplicate, terminologia i abrevierile standard etc.) technicality s. 1. tehnicitate 2. pl. detalii / amnunte tehnice 3. pl. termeni tehnici, terminologie de specialitate technician s. tehnician technics s. pl. 1. tehnic, tehnologie, metode / procedee tehnice 2. tehnic, tiine tehnice technique s. tehnic, tehnologie, metode / procedee tehnice technocracy s. tehnocraie technocrat s. tehnocrat technological adj. tehnologic; tehnic ~ gsp - decalaj tehnologic ~ obsolescence - nvechire tehnologic

~ restraint - restricie tehnologic ~ unemployment - oniaj tehnic technologist s. tehnolog technology s. 1. tehnologie 2. tehnic, tiine tehnice / aplicate ~ transfer - transfer de tehnologie telecommunication s. telecomunicaii telegram s. telegram ~ form - formular de telegram telegraph s. telegraf ~ money order - mandat telegrafic telegraphic adj. telegrafic ~ address - adres telegrafic ~ money order - mandat telegrafic ~ transfer - mandat telegrafic; transfer telegrafic (al unei sume) telephone ^. telefon v.t., v.i. a telefona ~ book / directory - carte de telefon ~ exchange - central telefonic ~ interviewing - intervievare prin telefon (intr-o anchet sociologic) ~ line - linie telefonic ~ selling - (sistem de) vnzri prin telefon ~ service - serviciu telefonic telex s. telex teller s. casier (/a banca) temporary adj. temporar, provizoriu s. salariat temporar ~ admission - admitere temporar (a mrfurilor de import cu scutire de taxe vamale) ~ committee - comitet provizoriu ~ current assets - active curente temporare {active circulante cu fluctuaii sezoniere sau ciclice) ~ exports - exporturi provizorii (de mrfuri folosite ca mostre la expoziii, fr plata taxelor vamale, ulterior reimportate)

320

TEM-TEN

~ incapacity - incapacitate temporar (de munc) ~ money - bani provizorii (cambii i bonuri de tezaur) ~ (nominal) accounts - (cont.) conturi temporare {nominale) tenancy s. 1. ocupare temporar (cu chirie sau arend'); nchiriere; arendare 2. proprietate ocupat temporar {cu chirie sau arenda) 3. termen pe care se nchiriaz sau se arendeaz o proprietate 4. calitate de chiria sau arenda ~ in common - ocupare n comun tenant s. chiria; arenda; locatar temporar v.t. a nchiria, a lua cu chirie; a arenda, a lua cu arend ~ at sufferance - chiria sau arenda abuziv (care continu s ocupe o proprietate dup expirarea contractului fr acordul proprietarului) ~ at will - chiria sau arenda fr contract ~ farmer - agricultor care lucreaz n parte, muncitor agricol ~ for life - chiria sau arenda pe via ~ for years - chiria sau arenda cu contract (valabil un amimit numr de
an)

to ~ upwards - a tinde s creasc (despre preur) tendency s. tendin (a pieei) tender s. 1. ofert, licitaie (pentru
furnizarea de mrfuri, servicii); ofert

~ from year to year - chiria sau arenda cu contract valabil un an ~ right - drept de a lucra pmntul n parte (la expirarea contractului) tenantable adj. 1. gata de a fi nchiriat sau arendat 2. locuibil tenantless adj. de nchiriat, liber, nelocuit tenantry s. chiriai, locatari; arendai tend v. i. a tinde, a avea tendina de to ~ downwards - a tinde s scad (despre preur)

(pentru cumprarea de aciun) 1. (dr.) sum depus, depozit (pentru plaa unei datori); mijloace de plat v.t. 1. a oferi, a licita (pentru furniwrea de mrfuri, servici} 2. a prezenta, a nmna (o cerere) ~ clause - clauza ofertei ~ guarantee - garantie (cerut exportatorilor) ~ of delivery - ofert de livrare ~ of payment - ofert de plat ~ offer - ofert de cumprare (de aciun) ~ sum - valoare contractual tenderer s. 1. (com.) ofertant 2. (dr.) sumisionar, persoan care se angajeaz n scris s respecte clauzele fixate tenement s. 1. proprietate (locativ, funciara} nchiriat saii arendat 2. cas de raport; apartament m locuin ieftin / cas de raport 3. {dr.) privilegiu permanent; posesiune permanent ~ district - cartier de locuine ieftine ~ house - cas de raport tenemental adj. care se poate nchiria; arendabil tenementary v. tenemental tenor s. 1. coninut, cuprins (al unui document) 2. copie, duplicat 3. perioad de maturitate (a unei cambi) tenure s. 1. (dr.) posesiune, drept de posesiune 2. ocupare, exercitare (a unei funcii) 3. termen de posesiune (al unui bun); durat a deinerii / exercitrii (unei funcii}

TER

321

term s. 1. termen, perioad, durat 2. termen, dat (imit), scaden 3. trimestru 4. sesiune judectoreasc 5. pl. condiii, clauze (contractuale) 6. pl. pre(uri), condiii materiale 7. pl. nelegere, acord; tranzacie 8. cuvnt, termen; pl. denumire, nume v.t. a numi, a denumi ~ day - zi de plat (trimestrial) ~ deposit depozit la termen ~ loan - mprumut la termen ~ of acceptance - condiie (a trasului) pentru acceptarea cambiei ~ of guarantee - termen de garanie ~ policy poli de asigurare de via pe termen ~ structure of interest rates -structura ratelor dobnzii n funcie de scaden (raportul dintre randamentele i maturitfile titlurilor de valoare) ~ s of an issue - (fin.) condiii ale unei emisiuni ~ s of trade - raport de schimb (raportul dintre indicele preului mediu de export i indicele mediu de import, pe ntreaga activitate de comer exterior) ~ s to trade - condiii de livrare {reduceri de preuri acordate de angrosist detailitilor) to come to ~s - a conveni asupra condiiilor to make ~s - a pune condiii terminable adj. 1. limitat n timp 2. reziliabil (despre un contract) ~ annuity - (asig.) anuitate pltit pentru o perioad limitat de timp . terminal adj. 1. terminal, final 2. referitor la un punct terminus (al unei linii ferate} s. 1. punct final / terminal 2. pl. (c.f.) cheltuieli de manipulare (in

staia terminus) 3. staie/gar terminus; (5t/A) cap de linie; terminal ~ charges / costs - (c.f.) cheltuieli de manipulare (in staia terminus) ~ contract - contract pentru tranzactii la termen ~ job - activitate far perspectiv ~ loss - pierdere pe ultimul an (reportul plii impozitelor datorate
pentru ultimul an, practica de fisc pentru o societate falimentar, prin raportarea la profitul obinut pe unul din ultimii trei ani)

~ market - pia la termen (la bursa de

mrfur)

~ port - port terminus ~ price - pre/curs pentru tranzacii la termen ~ products - produse finite ~ receipt - (c.f.) chitan de plat pentru manipulare sau depozitare n staia terminus ~ station - staie terminus ~ value - (/m.) valoare flnal (valoarea rmas a unuiproiect de capitat) ~ wages - indenmizaie de concediere terminate v.t. 1. a limita 2. a pune capt {unui angajament); a rezilia (un contract); a suspenda {un acord); a stinge (o obigaie) v.i. a se termina, a se ncheia termination s. 1. limit, capt, sfrit 2. ntrerupere (a unui angajament); reziliere (a unui contract); suspendare (a unui acord); stingere (a unei obligai) 3. terminare, ncheiere 4. mecanism / instalaie terminal() terminus s. staie / gar terminus; cap de linie termless adj. 1. nelimitat (m timp), far termen final, far dat fix (de

322

TER-THI

ncheiere) 1. necondiionat, fr condiii termor s. (dr.) deintor al dreptului de posesiune pe via sau pe termen territorial adj. 1. teritorial 2. funciar; cadastral ~ waters - ape teritoriale territory s. teritoriu; regiune tertiary adj. teriar industry industria teriar/ serviciilor ~ production - producie tertiar, servicii test s. test, prob; control, verificare; analiz v.t. a testa, a proba; a controla, a verifica; a analiza ~ car - automobil de prob ~ certificate - certificat de prob (a produselor) ~ market - pia de desfacere de prob ~ marketing - test de pia, comercializare experimental (pe o pia restrns') ~ procedure - metod de ncercare ~ weight - greutate-etalon testament s. testament testamental v. testamentary testamentary adj. testamentar ~ capacity - capacitate testamentar ~ trust - (dr.) tutel testamentar testate adj. testat, lsat prin testament s. testator ~ succession - (dr.) succesiune testat to die ~ - a muri lsnd testament testator s. testator testatrix s. testatoare testimonial s. 1. atestat, dovad, certificat 2. scrisoare de recomandare adj. doveditor, care atest testimony s. 1. depoziie (scris) 2. atestat, dovad, certificat

textile adj. textil s. pl. 1. materiale textile 2. (bur.) aciuni ale societilor care produc sau comercializeaz materiale textile ~ goods - produse textile ~ industry - industria textil ~ plant - plant textil theft s. furt ~ and pilferage - (asig.) furturi i furtiaguri ~ insurance - asigurare mpotriva furtului ~ risk - risc de furt thin adj. slab, restrns ~ market - (bur.) pia restrns (cu puine tranzaci) third adj. (al) treilea s. 1. treime 2. (dr.) tert, tert persoan 3. pl. mrfuri de calitatea a treia ~ best - de calitatea a treia, de proast calitate ~ -class - de clasa / categoria a treia (despre vagon, hotel, cambie etc.)', de calitatea a treia (despre mrfuri} ~ -hand - la mna a treia ~ -line forcing - vnzare forat a unui produs greu vandabil (impreun cu
unul solicitaf)

~ market - (SUA) (bur.) piaa teriar (pe care aciunile cotate sunt tranzacionate direct ntre broker i client) ~ of exchange - al treilea exemplar al cambiei ~ party / person - tert, tert persoan ~ -party insurance - asigurare contra prejudiciilor aduse unui ter; asigurare de rspundere civil ~ -party risk - risc de prejudiciu adus unui ter ~ -rate - de calitatea a treia, de calitate inferioar

THI-TIE

323

Third World - Lumea a Treia (trile subdezvoltate) threat s. ameninare; pericol ~ of entry pericol de intrare pe pia (risc pe care i-l asum o frm cnd ptrunde pe o pia noua) threshold s. limit ~ agreement - acord de indexri salariale (prevzut ntr-un contract de munc pentru situaia n care preurile cu amnuntul depesc un anumit nivel) ~ effect - efect de prag (punctul n care un mesaj publicitar devine eficient) ~ price pre-limit/-prag (pre minim) thrift s. economie, chibzuial, prevedere ~ account - (5't/A) cont de economii ~ box - puculi ~ plan - plan de economii thriftless adj. risipitor, cheltuitor thriftlessness s. risip, cheltuial thrifty adj. 1. econom, chibzuit, prevztor 2. bine administrat / gospodrit thrive v.i. a prospera; a face avere, a se mbogi thrivingness s. prosperitate throng s. multime; aglomeraie v.i. a se mbulzi, a se ngrmdi ~ hours - ore de vrf ~ season sezon plin through prep. prin; prin intermediul adj. direct (despre tren, bilet, rut etc.) ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament direct ~ freight - (mar.) navlu direct ~ rate condiii de plat pentru transport direct ~ ticket - bilet de tren direct ~ traffic - tranzit

throughput s. 1. materii prime / materiale introduse n procesul de fabricaie, materiale prelucrate 2. putere de trecere / tranzit (a unui calculator) ~ capacity - randament, capacitate de producie throwaway s. 1. flutura, anun (care se distribuie n magazine, pe strad etc.) 2. produs care se arunc dup ntrebuinare adj. de folosin imediat, care se arunc dup ntrebuinare (depre un produs) ticket s. 1. bilet (de intrare, ctorie) 2. bon, tichet 3. bilet de loterie, loz 4. etichet (cu preul) 5. legitimaie de comisionar autorizat 6. adeverin, dovad; recipis 7. ofert m plic nchis (la licitaie) v.t. 1. (i ~ up) a eticheta (o marf), a marca (preul) 2. a depune (o ofert) n plic nchis (la lictaie} ~ agency / offce - agenie / cas de bilete ~ clerk / collector - (c./) controlor de bilete, conductor ~ day - (bur.) ajun al lichidrii, ziua declarrii numelor (cumprtorilor') ~ inspector - controlor de bilete (in autobuz) ~ nipper - compostor de bilete ~ tout - speculant de bilete (la cinema,
competiii sportive)

~ window - (c.f.) ghieu / cas de bilete ticketing s. 1. etichetare (a mrfurilor), marcare (a preurilor) 2. ofert nchis
(la licitaie)

tie s. legtur v.t. 1. a lega 2. (up) a depune, a consemna (ban); a investi, a imobiliza (capital); a lega de anumite condiii (contractuale)

324

TIE-TIM

~ -in - (SUA) anun publicitar (al unui detailist publicat alturi de anunul fabricantului respectiv); vnzare condiionat (a unui articol solicitat mpreun cu alte produse greu vandabile); articol far cutare (impus consumatorului} ~ -in contract - contract cu clauze restrictive ~ -in sale - vnzare condiionat (de cumprarea altui produs) ~ -up - uniune, asociere (de firme); stagnare"(a afacerilor) tied adj. legat ~ loan - mprumut condiionat / cu clauze restrictive ~ shop - magazin obligat (prin contract) s se aprovizioneze de la un anumit fumizor tier s. ir, rnd, stiv (de marfa) v.t. a aranja n ir / stiv tight adj. 1. etan, ermetic 2. strns; compact 3. srac, deficitar (despre pia); n stare critic / de penurie, n criz de bani (despre piaa financiar) ~ bargain - tranzactie strns / cu marj redus de ctig ~ loading - ncrcare compact (jar
spaii libere)

~ money - bani scumpi (acordai cu

dobnv, foarte mari)

~ -money policy - politic de restrictii monetare ~ -packed goods - mrfuri ambalate strns ~ stowage - stivuire compact tighten v.t. (i ~ up) a ntri, a nspri (restriciile); a restrnge (creditele) tightness s. 1. etaneitate 2. densitate
(a stivuiri) 3. lips (defondur)

till s. sertar de bani, cas (n magazine, oficii potale) ~ book - registru de cas ~ money - ncasri, bani n cas tillable adj. arabil, cultivabil ~ land / soil - teren de cultur, sol arabil tillage s. 1. artur, pmnt arat 2. cultivare a pmntului, cultur ~ implements - unelte agricole ~ land - teren cultivat timber 5'. cherestea, material lemnos, lemn (de construcie} ~ assortment - sortiment de cherestea ~ carriage - remorc de transportat buteni lungi ~ carrier / ship / vessel - nav pentru transportul de cherestea ~ claim - concesiune forestier ~ deck cargo - caric/ncrctur de cherestea pe punte ~ dock - doc pentru cherestea ~ forest - pdure de arbori nali ~ freeboard - (mar.) bord liber pentru caric/ncrctur de cherestea ~ industry - industria forestier ~ land - teren forestier ~ line - limit climateric a pdurilor (cu arbori pentru cherestea) ~ merchant - negustor de cherestea, cherestegiu ~ mill - fabric de cherestea ~ trade - comert de cherestea, cheresteregie tree/wood arbore/lemn de construcie ~ truck - autocamion de transportat buteni lungi ~ waggon - vagon-platform de transportat buteni lungi ~ yard - fabric i depozit de cherestea

TIM-TIN

325

timbered adj. 1. de cherestea / lemn, lemnos 2. pduros, mpdurit timbering s. 1. mpdurire; bogie de pduri 2. lemnrie, cherestea, lemn de constructie timberwork s. construcie de lemn; lemnrie (a unei construci) time s. 1. timp; interval de timp, perioad 2. termen 3. or, timp v.t. 1. a fixa, a stabili (momentul); a fixa data 2. a fixa, a acorda (un termen) ~ and motion study - studiu de timp i micare (sistem de msurare a vitezei i
a eficienei cu care lucreaz un muncitor)

~ bargain - (bur.) tranzacie la termen ~ bill - cambie la termen ~ card/sheet/ticket - foaie de prezen; fi de pontaj ~ charter - (mar.) contract de navlosire pe termen ~ clerk - pontator (de prezen); cronometror (funcionar nsrcinut cu cronometrarea operaiilor industriale) ~ cost - cost pe unitatea de timp ~ deposit - depozit la termen ~ discount - reducere pentru achitare nainte de termen (a unei daori) ~ draft - trat la termen ~ freight - (c.f.) ncrctur / transport/ fraht de mare vitez; (mar.) navlu pe timp ~ insurance - asigurare la termen ~ lag - ntrziere, decalaj ~ limit - limit de timp; termen, scaden ~ line - (fin.) ax temporal
{instrument de analiz monetar prin care se abordeaz evenimentele dintr-o anumit conjunctur financiara}

management managementul timpului (individual) ~ -of-day tariff - tarif n afara orelor de vrf (despre consumul de gaze, curent etc.) ~ of delivery - termen de livrare ~ order (bur.) ordin de vnzare sau cumprare la termen ~ payment - (SUA) plat n rate ~ penalty clause - clauza penalizrilor pentru ntrziere ~ policy - (asig. mar.) poli de asigurare pe termen ~ purchase - cumprare la termen ~ rate - salariu calculat pe durata muncii prestate ~ sale - vnzare la termen ~ -saving bonus - prim pentru economisirea timpului de munc ~ -series analysis analiza seriilor cronologice (pentru elaborarea previ-ziunilor comerciale) ~ sharing - time sharing, mprire a timpului de folosire (nchiriere simultan de aparate i utilaje mai multor clieni n timp partajat) ~ standard norm de timp ~ study - studiere a timpului de munc ~ zone - fus orar ~ wages salariu pe unitatea de timp; plata cu ora sau cu ziua ~ yield - randament raportat la timp timetable s. 1. orar, program 2. mersul trenurilor timework s. munc pltit cu ora sau cu ziua timing s. (bur.) timing, coordonare n timp (alegere a momentului cnd trebuie operat o tranzacfie) tin s. cutie (de conserve etc.) v.t. a
conserva (in cutii}, a face conserve de

~ loan - mprumut la termen

326

TIN-TON

tinned adj. conservat (in cutii de conserve) ~ foods / goods - conserve tip s. 1. baci, ciubuc; mic cadou bnesc 2. pont, informaie confidenial (la burs, cursele de cai etc.) v.t. 1. a da baci; a face cadou o sum mic de bani 2. a vinde un pont, a informa discret (la burs, cursele de cai etc.) title s. 1. titlu (al unei cri) 2. titlu (onorific, nobiliar) 3. (dr.) titlu, drept, calitate; act / document doveditor (al unui drept/unei calit) 4. titlu, titru (al unui aliaj) v.t. a intitula, a numi ~ deed - act / titlu de proprietate ~ page - pagin de titlu ~ policy - poli de asigurare a titlului de proprietate (realizat de cumprtorul unui bun imobiliar mpotriva unei eventuale contestri n justiie, cnd vnztorul nu poate dovedi temeinic titlul de proprietate) ~ to property - titlu de proprietate tobacco s. 1. tutun 2. pl. (bur.) aciuni ale companiilor din domeniul afacerilor cu tutun token s. 1. semn, simbol, indiciu 2. jeton (care ine loc de moned) adj. simbolic ~ coin / money - moned divizionar/ de bilon ~ payment - plat simbolic (a unei mici pri dintr-o datorie pentru a demonstra c debitorul recunoate i se angajeaz s-i plteasc datoriile) ~ strike - grev de avertisment toll ^. 1. tax (rutier); impozit (perceput n piee, trguri etc.); tax pentm convorbire interurban 2. uium (la moara) v.t. 1. a percepe taxe /

impozite 2. a-i lua uiumul {despre morar) ~ bar/gate - barier unde se ncaseaz taxe de trecere (pe osele, poduri etc.) call convorbire telefonic interurban ~ collector / keeper - taxator (pentru drumuri, poduri etc.) ~ exchange - central telefonic interurban ~ road - osea cu tax ~ traverse - tax pentru trecerea unei proprieti particulare tollable adj. impozabil, supus la taxe / impozite tollage s. taxare; impozitare tommy s. alimente date muncitorilor ca plat, plat m alimente ~ shop - magazin alimentar m fabric ~ system - sistem de plat n alimente ton s. ton ~ -kilometre - ton - kilometru ~ mile - ton-mil ~s burden - (mar.) tone de capacitate tonnage s. (mar.) 1. tonaj; capacitate de ncrcare 2. taxe (infuncie de tonaj) ~ books - documente cu preuri de navlu ~ certificate - certificat de tonaj ~ coeffcient - coeficient de tonaj ~ deck - punte de tonaj ~ dues - taxe de tonaj ~ hatch/opening - deschidere de tonaj (in puntea de tonaj) ~ law - reguli de msurare a tonajului ~ mark - marc de tonaj ~ offer - ofert de tonaj ~ plan - plan al capacitii de ncrcare ~ regulations - reguli de calculare a tonajului

TON-TOU

327

~ scale - scal de tonaj / a capacitii de ncrcare ~ schedule - tarif al taxelor de tonaj ~ under deck - tonaj sub punte tonne s. ton metric tontine s. tontin tool s. unealt, scul; instmment v.t. a lucra cu o unealt / scul; a prelucra, a uzina ~ engineering - sculrie, uzinaj; fabricare a sculelor ~ house / room / shop - sculrie
(atelier)

~ kit / outfit / set - trus / set de scule toolmaker s. lctu, sculer toolman v. toolmaker tot s. sum; adunare v.t. (i ~ up) a aduna v.i. a nsuma, a totaliza total adj. total; global s. total, sum; ntreg v.t. 1. a aduna, a totaliza 2. a nsuma, a fi egal cu ~ account - (cont.) cont de control / rectificare ~ amount - sum total / global ~ assets turnover - rotaia activului total (raportu dintre vnzri i activul
total)

~ investment - investiie total / iniial (pentru pomirea unei afacer) ~ liabilities - total al pasivului ~ loss - (asig.) pierdere total ~ loss only - (asig.) numai pierderea total ~ ordering costs - cost total de comand (costul lansrii unei comenzi) ~ output - producie total / global ~ quality management - managementul calitii totale ~ receipts - ncasri totale ~ risk - (fin.) risc total (abaterea
standard a unui titlu de valoare)

~ capital - capital global -carrying costs - cost total de deinere (costurile meninerii unor stocur) ~ cost - pre de cost total ~ displacement - (mar.) deplasament bmt / total ~ expenses - sum total a cheltuielilor ~ exports - export global, total al exporturilor ~ imports - import global, total al importurilor ~ inventory costs - costul total al stocurilor (raportul dintre cosul total de deinere i costul total de comand)

~ tonnage - tonaj global ~ turnover - cifr de afaceri total / global ~ weight - greutate total totality s. totalitate; sum sau cantitate total / ntreag totalizev.f. atotaliza totting s. 1. adunare, socoteal; totalizare, adiiune; total; sum; punere la socoteal (a unor defece) 2. adunare a materialelor recuperabile / refolosibile (din deeur) touched adj. cu meniune ~ bill of health - (mar.) patent/ certificat de sntate cu meniune touchstone s. piatr pentru ncercat titrul aliajelor de metale preioase tour s. cltorie, voiaj, excursie, tur 2. rond, tur; tur (la serviciu) v.i. a cltori, a voiaja tourer s. 1. turist automobilist 2. autoturism touring s. turism; cltorii adj. turistic ~ car - autoturism ~ club - club / asociaie turistic tourism^. turism tourist s. turist

328

TOU-TRA

~ agency - agenie / oficiu de turism ~ centre - centru turistic ~ class - clasa turistic / a doua (ntr-un avion, o nav) ~ itinerary - itinerar turistic - passport - paaport turistic ~ ticket - bilet de excursie / n circuit ~ trade turism; industria turistic ~ traffic - trafic turistic ~ visa - viz turistic tout s. agent de reclam, comis-voiajor town s. ora ~ council - consiliu orenesc / municipal ~ councillor - consilier municipal ~ hall - primrie ~ management - gospodrie comunal; urbanism, urbanistic ~ planner - urbanist ~ planning - urbanism, urbanistic; sistematizare trade s. 1. comert; afacere, tranzacie comercial 2. ocupaie, meserie, ndeletnicire manual 3. (niar.) cltorie cu destinatie precis; rut/curs regulat; trafic comercial adj.' comercial; economic v.t. 1. a negocia 2. (down) a face un schimb dezavantajos de 3. (in) a cumpra un produs nou {automobil, frigider etc. prin restituirea celui vechi firmei care l-a produs i achitarea unei diferene de pre) 4. (for, off) a face troc cu / schimb de; a negocia / a vinde n compensaie / contrapartid 5. (up) a face un schimb avantajos de v.i. 1. (down) (bur.) a scdea (despre curs) 2. (in) a face comert (de, cu) 3. (on, upon) a exploata, a profita (de pe urmd) 4. (up) (bur.) a crete, a urca (despre curs) 5. (with) a face comert /

afaceri (CM) 6. a transporta mrfuri (despre navele comerciale) ~ acceptance / bill / paper - cambie comercial ~ agency - agenie comercial ~ agreement - acord comercial ~ allowance - rabat ~ association - asociaie patronal ~ balance - balan comercial ~ bank - banc comercial ~ barrier - barier vamal ~ boom - perioad de dezvoltare economic ~ catalogue/directory - catalog / anuar comercial ~ combination - cartel ~ credit - credit comercial ~ custom / usage - uzan comercial ~ cycle - ciclu economic - deficit / gap - deficit al balanei comerciale ~ description - descriere comercial (a mrfurilor oferite spre vnzare) ~ discount - rabat comercial discrimination discriminare comercial ~ disease - boal profesional ~ disputes conflicte de munc ~ fair show - expoziie comercial, trg de mostre ~ fluctuations - fluctuaii economice ~ -in - cumprare a unui produs nou (automobil, frigider etc. prin restitu-irea celui vechi finnei care l-a produs i achitarea unei diferene depre) ~ investment - investiie comercial (investiia unei firme n aciunile unei companii din acelai sector de activi-tate cu cel al investitorului) ~ journal / paper - revist / publicatie economic

TRA

329

~ mission - delegaie economic ~ name - denumire a firmei; marc nregistrat (a imui produs) ~ policy - politic comercial ~ price - pre cu ridicata ~ protection society - societate / agenie specializat n recuperarea
datoriilor

trad(e)able adj. tranzacionabil, negociabil ~ instruments - (fin.) instrumente negociabile trademark s. marc nregistrat / a
fabricii

tradeoff s. compromis (realizat n

cadrul negocierilor)

~ recovery - redresare economic ~ references - referine comerciale ~ register - registrul comertului ~ relations - relaii/legturi comerciale ~ representation - reprezentan comercial ~ representative - reprezentant comercial ~ restrictions - restricii comerciale ~ route - rut comercial ~ sale - vnzare ctre un intermediar, intermediere ~ sanctions - sanciuni economice ~ school - coal profesional sau comercial; liceu industrial ~ secret - secret comercial / industrial ~ sign - firm (comercial) surplus balan comercial excedentar/activ ~ terms - condiii de livrare (rediiceri de preuri acordate de angrosist comercianilor cu ammintul); terminologie/nomenclator comercial() ~ town ora comercial ~ treaty - tratat comercial ~ union - sindicat (munciloresc) ~ union contributions - cotizaii sindicale ~ unionism - micare sindical, sindicalism ~ unionist - membru de sindicat, sindicalist ~ winds - vnturi alizee

trader s. 1. comerciant; angrosist 2. om de afaceri 3. (bur.) trader, operator pe cont propriu 4. (mar.) nav comercial / de transport (care face
curse regulatepe aceeai ruta)

tradesman s. 1. mic comerciant 2. fumizor 3. meseria, meteugar tradespeople s. 1. comerciani, negustorime 2. fumizori trading s. comert, activitate comercial; trafic comercial adj. comercial ~ account - (cont.) cont de calculare a profitului brut ~ association - sindicat patronal ~ bank - banc comercial ~ capital - capital comercial (yaloarea
combinat a activelor fixe i curente ale uneifimie)

~ currency - valut forte / comercial (folosit n schimburile comerciale internaionale) ~ down - vnzare de titluri de valoare (dintr-un portofoliu) i nlocuirea lor cu altele de clas inferioar; vnzare de mrfuri ieftine i de calitate inferioar
(pentru a asigura volumul de vnzr)

~ estate - zon comercial/industrial; parc / complex comercial ~ fleet - flot comercial ~ house - cas de comert; magazin universal; antrepozit ~ partnership - societate comercial ~ port - port comercial

330

TRA

~ post - punct comercial ~ profit - profit brut ~ stamp - (com.) cupon / tichet (de reducere) oferit clientului de detailist ~ stock - stoc de mrfuri, mrfuri disponibile ~ up - vnzare de articole ieftine pentru introducerea lor ntr-o linie de produse scumpe ~ warranties clause - (asig. mar.) clauza limitrii zonelor de navigaie traffc s. 1. circulaie, trafic 2. comer, trafic comercial; navigaie comercial 3. trafic / comer ilegal v.i. 1. (in) a face comert (de, cu) 1. (with) a face comert / afaceri (cu) 3. a transporta mrfuri (despre navele comerciale) ~ and accident loss - (asig.) daune cauzate de circulaie i accidente ~ capacity - capacitate de circulaie ~ in transit - tranzit(are) ~ orders - (.c.f.) scrisoare de trsur ~ pool - cartel de companii de navigaie ~ rates - tarif de transport trafficker s. 1. comerciant, negustor 2. traficant trailer s. trailer train s. tren, gamitur v.t., v.i. a (se) pregti, a (se) forma, a (se) instrui ~ diagram - grafic al trenurilor ~ ferry - feribot ~ mile - mil - tren trained adj. pregtit, instruit; calificat -staff - personal calificat training s. pregtire, formare, instmire; calificare adj. referitor la pregtire / formare / calificare ~ allowance - indemnizatie de formare (fn meserie)

~ group - grup (de salariai) pentru pregtire / instruire profesional ~ school - coal profesional ~ within industry - pregtire / instmire n cadrul ntreprinderii tramp . (mar.) nav-tramp, nav comercial (afretat) pentru curse neregulate ~ freight - navlu-tramp ~ liner - nav-tramp i de linie ~ navigation - navigaie-tramp (pe
itinerarii neregulate)

~ owner - proprietar de nav-tramp ~ rate - pre al navlului-tramp ~ shipping - transport cu nave-tramp ~ tonnage - tonaj al navelor-tramp tramping s. (mar.) tramping, transport cu nave-tramp tranche s. tran (a unui mprumut) transact v.t. a negocia, a trata (o afacere) v.i. a face afaceri / tranzacii transaction s. 1. tranzacie; afacere; operaie comercial 2. conducere a afacerilor, gestiune ~ analysis - (cont.) analiza tranzaciei ~ balance - sold de numerar pentru tranzacii ~ cost - cost de tranzacie (axele
percepute de broker)

~ demand - cerere curent ~ loans - mprumuturi pentm tranzacii

(pentru acoperirea necesarului de fond de rulmenf)

~ risk - risc de tranzacie (riscul

valutar datorat diferenelor de curs n tranzaciile comerciale internaionale)

~s tax - impozit pe circulaia mrfurilor (perceput n fiecare etap a procesului de distribufie) ~ s velocity - vitez de rotaie a banilor transatlantic adj. transatlantic

TRA

331

~ line - linie transatlantic ~ liner - transatlantic, nav de linie transatlantic transcontainer s. transcontainer transfer s. 1. transfer, mutare; transbordare 2. (dr.) transmitere, remitere, cedare {a unei proprieti, a unui drept etc.) 3. virament v.t. 1. a transfera, a muta; a transborda 2. (dr.) a transmite, a remite, a ceda (o proprietae, un drept etc.) 3. a vira (o
sum de bani)

~ account - cont de virament ~ agent - (SUA) agent de transfer (care

nregistreaz transferul titlurilor de valoare)

~ bank - banc de virament ~ certificate - certificat de transfer (de aciuni) ~ cheque - cec n virament ~ deed - act de transfer / vnzare (de
aciuni)

~ earnings - cost de oportunitate (rata rentabilitii celei mai bune investiii alternative disponibile) ~ entry - (cont.) articol de virament ~ fee - tax de transfer (de aciun) ~ income / payments - venit / pli de transfer (pensii, ajutoare de omaj etc.) ~ of balance - transfer de sold ~ of debts - transfer de creane ~ of funds - virament ~ of ownership - transmitere a dreptului de proprietate ~ order - dispoziie de virament ~ price - pre intem / de transfer
(folosit n schimburile dintre sectoarele/diviziile unei companii multinaionale etc.)

~ service - serviciu de legtur / transbordare (a pasagerilor) ~ ticket - (c.f.) bilet valabil/de coresponden transferable adj. 1. transferabil; transmisibil 2. care poate fi cedat / cesionat; care poate face obiectul unei tranzacii 3. transportabil ~ account - cont transferabil ~ bond - obligaiune transmisibil ~ property - bun transmisibil ~ securities - titluri de valoare negociabile transferee s. (dr.) cesionar transference s. transmitere, transferare (a unei creane) transferor s. 1. (dr.) transmitor 2. andosator transire s. (mar.) permis de cabotaj transit s. tranzit; tranzitare v.t. a tranzita ~ agent - agent de tranzitri ~ bill - permis de tranzit ~ bond - act de garanie pentru tranzit ~ charges - taxe de transport n tranzit ~ clause - clauza tranzitului ~ country - ar de tranzit ~ department serviciu (bancar') de decontare a cecurilor ~ dues / duties - taxe de tranzit ~ entry declaraie vamal de tranzit ~ goods marfa n tranzit ~ manifest - manifest de tranzit ~ passenger - pasager n tranzit ~ port - port de tranzit ~ station - gar de tranzit ~ storage - depozitare a mrfurilor n tranzit ~ tariff - tarif de tranzit ~ trade comer de reexport ~ traffc trafic de tranzit

~ register - registru de transfer (al

aciunilor)

332

TRA

~ transport - transport n tranzit ~ visa - viz de tranzit ~ warehouse - depozit pentm mrfuri n tranzit ~ zone - zon de tranzit transition s. tranzitie ~ period - perioad de tranziie transitory adj. trector, nepermanent ~ income - venit nepermanent translation s. translaie ~ loss - (fn.) pierdere de translaie (pierdere cauzat de transpunerea
situaiilor financiare din valuta filialei strine n valuta societaii-mama)

transnational adj. transnaional ~ corporation - corporaie transnaional transport s. 1. transport; transportare, cruie 2. mijloc de transport v.t. a transporta ~ agent - agent de transport ~ cafe - bufet pentru oferi ~ charges - cheltuieli de transport ~ company - societate de transport ~ facilities - mijloace de transport ~ insurance - asigurare contra riscului de transport ~ line - linie de transport service - serviciu de transport; serviciu de expediii ~ worker - muncitor din transporturi transportability s. transportabilitate transportable adj. transportabil transportation s. 1. transport; transportare; cruie 2. mijloc de transport 3. (SUA) cost / speze de transport 4. (SUA) foaie de drum; bilet de cltorie transporter s. transportator, antrepre-nor de transporturi

transship v.t. a transborda (mrfuri, pasageri) transshipment s. transbordare, transbord ~ bond note - transbord vamal ~ clause - clauz de transbordare ~ delivery order - permis de transbordare ~ entry - declaraie de transbord ~ port - port de transbordare ~ pricking note - ordin vamal de transbordare ~ risk - risc de transbordare ~ traffc - trafic combinat (feroviar, rutier etc.) travel s. cltorie, voiaj v.i. 1. a cltori 2. (for) a fi comis-voiajor pentru (o firma) 3. (in) a fi comis-voiajor n (o anumit bran) ~ agency / bureau - agenie / birou de
voiaj

allowance - indemnizaie de deplasare traveller s. 1. cltor, voiajor 2. comis-voiajor, agent comercial ~'s cheque - cec de cltorie ~'s letter of credit - scrisoare de credit de cltorie ~'s policy - poli de asigu'rare de cltorie (asigurare medical, mpotriva furtului etc.)

travelling s. cltorie, voiaj adj. 1. cltor, voiajor 2. ambulant, mobil ~ allowance - indemnizaie de deplasare ~ exhibition - expoziie ambulant ~ expenses - cheltuieli de cltorie / deplasare (m interes de serviciu /
afacer)

- salesman - comis-voiajor, agent comercial

TRA-TRI

333

trawl s. traul, nvod v.i. a pescui cu traulul trawler s. trauler ~ -factory - trauler de pescuit i prelucrare ~ fleet - flot de traulere trawling s. traulare, trauling, pescuit prin traulare treasure s. tezaur v.t. (up) a tezauriza, a acumula, a strnge ~ house - tezaur {ncpere) ~ -trove - (dr.) tezaur (far proprietar) treasurer s. 1. trezorier; administrator
2. casier (al unei societt)

~ analysis - analiz de trend (analiw

evoluiei situaiei financiare nregistrat de ofirm)

~'s report - raport financiar treasury s. 1. tezaur (de stat}; trezorerie 2. fonduri (publice sau private) 3. ministerul de finane Treasury bill - bon de tezaur Treasury bond - obligaiune de tezaur Treasury certificate - certificat de tezaur ~ management - management financiar (al unei societi cu activitate internaionala)

Treasury note - bancnot (emis dup 1914 n Marea Britanie); bon valoric Treasury shares/stock - (SUA') aciuni
de tezaur (aciuni comune rscum-

trespass (dr.) s. 1. delict, contravenie, nclcare a legii 2. violare, nclcare (a unei proprieti, a unei frontiere) v.i. 1. a nclca legea 2. a viola o proprietate, o frontier ~ to land - violare de proprietate trial s. 1. ncercare, prob, verificare 2. proces, judecat; dare n judecat ~ balance - {cont.) balan de verificare ~ lot - lot (de mrfur) de prob ~ offer - ofert de mostre gratuite ~ order - comand de prob ~ period - perioad de prob triangular adj. triunghiular ~ trade - comer triunghiular tribunal s. tribunal trilateral adj. trilateral ~ trade - comert trilateral/triunghiular trim (mar.) s. 1. repartizare a ncrcturii sau a balastului; rujare (a ncrcturi) 2. asiet, diferen de pescaj v.t. a repartiza ncrctura sau balastul; a ruja (incrctura)
trimmed adj. rujat (despre ncrctura)

prate de societatea emitent de la

acionar)

trimmer s. (mar.) rujar trimming s. (mar.) rujare (a ncrcturii)

Treasury tax and loan accounts (SUA) conturi de plat a impozitelor treaty s. tratat, convenie ~ obligations - obligaii convenionale ~ port - port deschis ~ reinsurance - convenie de reasigurare trend ^. trend, tendin; direcie, orientare

trip s. cltorie, voiaj; curs ~ charter - contract'de navlosire pe voiaj ~ charter tonnage - tonaj al navelor navlosite pe voiaj ~ leasing - nchiriere (a unui coneiner) pentru un singur transport triple adj. triplu v.t v.i. a (se) tripla

334

TRI-TRU

~ option - (bur.) opiune tripl (care este o opiune dubl plus alte operaiuni combinate) triplicate adj. triplu; n trei exemplare s. triplicat, al treilea exemplar v.t. a tripla; a redacta n trei exemplare tropical adj. tropical ~ products - produse tropicale trover s. (dr.) aciune n restituire (a
unui bun)

troy s. troy, carat ~ ounce - uncie ~ weight - sistem de uniti de greutate pentru metale preioase truck s. 1. troc, schimb de mrftiri 2. plat n natur (a salariilor) 3. vagon-platform 4. (auto)camion; remorc 5. legume, zarzavaturi (pentru pia) v.t. 1. a schimba (ceva pe altceva), a face schimb de 2. a face comer ambulant cu / de 3. a transporta cu vagonul-platform sau camionul v.i. 1. a face troc 2. a plti (salariile) n natur 3. a cultiva legume / zarzavaturi ~ and trailer - autotren ~ farm - legumicultor ~ farming / gardening - legumicultor ~ fleet - parc de autocamioane ~ haul(ing) - autotransport ~ hire - locaie (a vagoanelor) ~ house - magazie de mrfuri ~ shop -magazin pentru muncitorii pltii n natur ~ system - plat a salariilor n natur; mrfdri date muncitorilor ca plat ~ trailer - remorc de autocamion ~ -trailer combination - ansamblu de autovehicule, tren rutier; camion cu remorci ~ train - (c.f.) convoi de tragere ~ wages - salariu n natur

truckage s. 1. transport cu vagonul saii camionul; cruie 2. tax de cruie trucker s. 1. camionagiu 2. persoan care face afaceri n domeniul transporturilor (feroviare sau ruiere) trucking s. 1. transport cu vagonul sau camionul; cruie 2. afaceri n domeniul transporturilor truckload s. vagon plin / complet ~ consignment - expediere vagonal true adj. adevrat, real ~ bill - (dr.) decizie de inculpare / punere sub acuzaie ~ copy - copie fidel ~ interest - dobnd real ~ investment - investiie aductoare de profit (constant i sigur) ~ value - valoare real trust s. 1. ncredere 2. situaie de rspundere, responsabilitate, datorie 3. (ccm.) credit 4. depozit, sum depus; lucru dat spre pstrare; custodie 5. (dr.) tutel (asupra unui avut); mandat, mputemicire; administraie prin tutel / procur; fideicomis 6. trust adj. fiduciar, referitor la administraia prin tutel/procur v.t. 1. a avea ncredere n, a se ncrede n 2. a lsa n custodia / pstrarea 3. (com.) a face / a acorda credit, a da pe credit ~ account - evaluare fiduciar (a unei proprieti}', cont fiduciar ~ bank - banc specializat n girarea succesiunilor ~ company - societate de investiii financiare, fond mutual; (SUA) societate fduciar cost cost/comision pentru mandatare ~ deed/instrument - (dr.) contract fiduciar, procur

TRU-TUR

335

~ for sale - procur de vnzare ~ fund fond fiduciar, avere sub tutel receipt - (fin.) recipis de consemnare (mprumut n baza unei anumite garanii ce rmne la persoana mprumutat, dar care poate fi oricnd controlat de ctre cel care acord mprumutuT) ~ territory - teritoriu sub tutel / mandat ~ unit - aciune la o societate de investitii fnanciare to be held in ~, to be under ~ - a fi deinut n depozit fiduciar to hold in / on ~ - a avea n depozit fiduciar trustee s. 1. tutore 2. fiduciar; administrator; mandatar; depozitar 3. membru m consiliul de administraie (al unei societi) ~ account - cont fiduciar corporation societate care administreaz drepturile acionarilor (prin procura) ~ for sale - mandatar pentru vnzare ~ in bankruptcy - administrator judiciar ~ investments - investiii din fondul fiduciar Trustee Savings Bank - Casa de Economii prin Mandatari ~ securities - titluri de valoare obinute prin investiii din fondul fiduciar ~ status - statut / situaie legal a titlurilor de valoare obinute prin investiii din fondul fiduciar (risc sczut al investiiei) trusteeship s. 1. tutel 2. administrare fiduciar, fdeicomisiune ~ in bankruptcy - administrare judiciar

trustifcation s. cartelare, grupare ntr-un trust trustify v.t., v.i. a (se) cartela, a (se) grupa ntr-un trust trustless adj. nesigur, pe care nu te poi bizui; dubios trustworthiness A'. 1. ncredere 2. solvabilitate trustworthy adj. 1. demn de ncredere; cinstit 2. solvabil ~ customer - client solvabil ~ frm - firm solvabil ~ guarantee - garanie serioas ~ testimony - depoziie irecuzabil turn s. 1. schimbare 2. rnd; tur, schimb 3. ctig, profit (dintr-o afacere) v.t. 1. a ntoarce 2. a converti, a preschimba (m ban) 3. (down) a respinge (p ofert) 4. (off) a nceta lucrul, a intra n grev 5. (out) a produce, a fabrica 6. (over) a realiza, a ctiga, a avea o cifr de afaceri de v.r. (oneself about) a se redresa (financiar) to ~ bankrupt - a da faliment turnkey adj. n antrepriz; gata de operare, la cheie ~ contract - contract n antrepriz (prin care se ofer echipament complet i asisten pentru pornirea imediat a activiti) turnout s. 1. productie global 2. grev turnover s. 1. cifr de afaceri 2. fluctuaie {a minii de lucru) 3. vitez de circulaie a mrfurilor; vitez de rotatie a banilor 4. (bur.) valoare total a tranzaciilor (nregistrate ntr-o z,i) ~ job - reparaie capital ~ ratio - (cont.) rata circulaiei mrfurilor (raportul dintre vnzrile totale ale unei frme pe o perioad

336

determinat de timp i valoarea activelor fixe)

~ sales - vnzri, circulaia mrfurilor ~ tax - impozit pe circulaia mrfurilor (perceput n fiecare etap a procesului
de distribuie)

turnpike s. 1. barier (la intrarea pe autostrzile cu tax) 2. autostrad cu

tax

tutwork s. munc n acord (n mine) twin adj. geamn; dublu, pereche ~ -bedded - cu dou paturi (identice) alturate (despre o camer de hotel) ~ berth clause - (mar.) clauza danei/la rnd" ~ deficits - (fin.) deficite gemene ~ -engined - bimotor ~ shares - aciuni gemene (aciunile a dou societi independente din punct de vedere juridic care au aceiai acionarf)
~ ship - nav de serie
TUR-TYP

twinning s. mprtire, partajare (a iinui post cu norm ntreag ntre doi angajai cu norm redus) two num. doi; dou ~ -income family - familie cu dou salarii (n care ambii prini sunt
salaria)

~ -name paper - cambie comercial ~ -part tariff- tarif mixt ~ -sided accounts- (cont.) conturi pe dou mbrici ~ -sided market - pia cu cotaii bune (att la vnzare, ct i la cumprare) tycoon s. magnat (industrial, fmanciar) tying adj. (dr.) care leag / oblig, obligatoriu ~ contract - contract de exclusivitate type s. tip ~ sample - eantion - tip typographer s. muncitor tipograf typography s. tipografie; tipar nalt

U
ullage s. 1. (mar.) ulaj, spaiu gol (dintr-un tanc de marf lsat liber pentru a se asigura loc de expansiune n timpul ransportului) 1. (com.) cantitate de lichid necesar pentru completarea golurilor / scurgerilor din ambalaje v.t. (com.) 1. a calcula cantitatea de lichid care lipsete din (un buto) 2. a trage puin lichid (dintr-un butoi) 3. a reumple {un butoi cu nivel sczut) ~ foot / stick - picior de ulaj (unitate de msur)' ullaging s. msurare a ulajului ultimate adj. 1. ultim, final 2. defnitiv 3. maxim, extrem ~ consumer - consumator final ~ decision - decizie definitiv ~ destination - destinaie final ~ load - ncrctur maxim ~ output - producie maxim ultimo adv. din luna trecut s. (bur.) sfrit de lun; ultimele 10 zile ale lunii umpire s. arbitru unic, supraarbitru, mediator v.t. a arbitra (un diferend) v.i. a fi arbitru, a arbitra ~ analysis - analiz de expertiz / arbitraj unabsorbed adj. neabsorbit ~ cost - cost neabsorbit (cheltuieli de regie, alocate pentru asigurarea unei activiti de producie, neutilizate n
totalitate)

~ draft - trat neacceptat unacknowledged adj. 1. neconfirmat (depre vrsminte, pl) 2. fr rspuns, neconfirmat (despre scrisori) 3. neacreditat (despre diplomai) unadjudged adj. (dr.) nejudecat, n litigiu unadulterated adj. natural, nefalsificat (despre butur) unalienable adj. inalienabil ~ property - bun inalienabil ~ right - drept inalienabil unapplied adj. neaplicat; nefolosit, neutihzat ~ funds - fonduri neutilizate ~ law - lege neaplicat unappropriated adj. neutilizat, nealocat; nerepartizat, nedistribuit ~ earnings/profts - profit nerepartizat/ nedistribuit (acionarilor, n scopul
formrii defonduri de investiii)

unacceptable adj. inacceptabil ~ terms - condiii inacceptabile unaccepted adj. neacceptat

~ funds - fond neutilizat/fr destinaie special unapproved adj. neaprobat unascertained adj. neverificat, neconstatat; neidentificat ~ fact - fapt neconstatat ~ goods - mrfiiri neidentificate / neindividualizate (in contract) unassessed adj. neevaluat, neimpus ~ property - proprietate neevaluat / neimpus unassignable adj. inalienabil, netransferabil unassorted adj. neasortat, dezasortat unassured adj. neasigurat

338

UNA-UNC

unattested adj. neatestat ~ certificate - certificat nelegalizat unaudited adj. neverificat {de cenzor) unauthorized adj. neautorizat ~ signature - semntur neautorizat ~ trade - comer neautorizat / ilicit unavailability s. indisponibilitate; lips (de lichiditi) unavailable adj. indisponibil ~ capital - capital indisponibil/nelichid ~ goods - mrfuri indisponibile/ deficitare unavailableness v. unavailability unavoidable adj. obligatoriu, inevitabil ~ costs - costuri fixe / obligatorii unbalanced adj. neechilibrat; nesoldat ~ account - cont nesoldat ~ budget - buget deficitar unbale v.t. a despacheta baloturi (de marfa) unborrowed adj. nemprumutat ~ reserves - (SUA) rezerve proprii {rezervele bancare minus cantitatea mprumutat de bnci de la Banca Federal de Rezerv) unbox v.. a scoate din cutie; a despacheta din lzi unbundling s. (fin.) desprindere, disociere (divizarea fluxurilor de numerar de la filiala unei societi-mam n mai multe elemente componente pentru creterea probabilitii existenei unor fonduri n perioade de dificultate economica} unbusinesslike adj. 1. necomercial, contrar uzanelor comerciale 2. lipsit de spirit comercial, nepriceput n afaceri 3. incorect, necinstit (despre un procedeu) uncalled adj. nesolicitat, necerut

~ capital
- (bur.) capital n (pltibile n rate de aciuni

neachitate acionar) ~ for mesure - msur nejustificat uncancelled adj. neanulat uncase v.t. a scoate din lzi uncased adj. fr cutie uncatalogued adj. necatalogat ~ goods - marfa necatalogat / care nu figureaz n catalog uncertain adj. nesigur; schimbtor, variabil, fluctuant ~ amount - sum nedeterminat ~ market - pia fluctuant uncertainty s. (fin.) incertitudine (termen de risc) ~ of office / tenure - amovibilitate uncertified adj. necertificat, neatestat unchartered adj. (mar.) nenavlosit unclaimed adj. nerevendicat, neridicat ~ goods - mrfuri neridicate ~ right - drept nerevendicat unclean adj. murdar ~ bill of lading - (mar.) conosament murdar {cu meniunea recepionrii mrfii n stare nesatisfctoare/ improprie) uncleared adj. neachitat, nelichidat (despre datorii); nevmuit (despre mrfuri) ~ cheque - cec necompensat uncollected adj. neperceput, nencasat
{despre taxe, impozite)

uncollectibility s. imposibilitate de a ncasa (taxe, impoz.ite) unconditional adj. necondiionat ~ acceptance - acceptare necondiionat / far rezerve ~ endorsement - andosare necondiionat

UNC-UND

339

~ expected profts - beneficii scontate far rezerve ~ order - ordin (de plat) simplu / neconditionat unconfirmed adj. neconfirmat ~ letter of credit - acreditiv neconfirmat unconscionable adj. dezavantajos; n necunotin de cauz ~ bargain - (dr.) tranzacie dezavantajoas / n necunotin de cauz unconsolidated adj. neconsolidat ~ debt - datorie neconsolidat unconvertible adj. neconvertibil ~ currency - moned neconvertibil uncovered adj. neacoperit, far acoperire ~ circulation - circulaie (monetara) far acoperire ~ risk - (asig.) risc descoperit uncrossed adj. nebarat ~ cheque - cec nebarat uncustomed adj. 1. nevmuit 2. scutit de taxe vamale undamaged adj. neavariat undated adj. nedatat ~ bonds - obligaiuni perpetue/far termen / scaden undelivered adj. nelivrat under prep. sub adj. inferior; subaltem, subordonat ~ advice - cu aviz ~ article - conform articolului ~ bond - n garanie (despre mrfuri pstrate n antrepozit pn la plata taxelor vamale) ~ deed - cu contract ~ liner terms - n condiii de linie
(despre o nav)

~ protest - (dr.) cu protest (despre o

plata)

~ new ownership - cu alt proprietar ~ offer - de vnzare

~ ship's derrick - (mar.) sub palanc (formul dintr-un conosament care arat cd responsabilitatea armatorului fa de caric nceteaz cnd ncrctura poatefi descrcata} ~ -the-counter - pe sub tejghea / mn (despre vnzr); ilicit, ilegal ~ the date of - cu data de ~ will - cu testament underbid v.t. a face o ofert mai avantajoas dect (concurena); a oferi (mrfuri, servicii) sub preul (piee) s. ofert avantajoas / sub preul pieei undercapitalized adj. subcapitalizat undercharge v.t. 1. a socoti mai puin, a plti sub tarif2. a ncrca incomplet / insuficient s. 1. plat / socoteal n minus 2. ncrctur incomplet underclerk s. funcionar subaltem underconsumption s. subconsum undercut v.t. a vinde mai ieftin / sub pre underdealings s. pl. tratative neoficiale underdeck s. (mar.) punte inferioar ~ capacity - capacitate a spaiului de sub punte ~ tonnage - tonaj sub punte underdeveloped adj. subdezvoltat ~ country - ar subdezvoltat underemployment s. 1. folosire incomplet a forei de munc, omaj parial 2. folosire a fortei de munc sub calificarea ei ~ equilibrium - echilibru n condiiile utilizrii incomplete a fortei de munc underestimate v.t. a subestima, a subevalua s. subestimare, subevaluare underfreight v.t. (mar.) a subnavlosi underground s. metrou

UND

underinsurance s. asigurare partial, subasigurare underinsure v.t. a asigura partial, a subasigura underinvoicing s. facturare sub pre underlease v.t. a subnchiria; a subarenda s. subnchiriere; subarendare underlessee s. subchiria; subarenda underlessor s. persoan care subnchiriaz sau subarendeaz underlet v.t. 1. a nchiria say a subarenda sub valoarea real 2. a subnchiria; a subarenda underload v.t. a subncrca s. sarcin partial / incomplet underloading s. subncrcare undermentioned adj. menionat mai
jos

underpay v.t. a plti sau a salariza insuficient underprice v.t. a fixa un pre mai mic dect valoarea produselor sau dect cel practicat de concuren underproduce v.t. a produce sub randamentul normal underproduction ^. subproducie underquote v.t. a cota / a oferi mai ieftin / sub pre; a subevalua, a subestima underrate v.t. a subevalua, a subestima; a subimpune (un imobH) undersecretary s. subsecretar {de sta) undersell v.. a vinde mai ieftin / subpre; a vinde la un pre mai mic dect valoarea intrinsec (a mrfi) undersign v.t. a subsemna, a subscrie understaffed adj. cu personal insuficient understock v.t. a fumiza/a aproviziona insuficient

undertaker s. 1. antreprenor 2. antreprenor de pompe funebre undertaking s. 1. antrepriz; societate de servicii publice 2. (dr.) angajament/ promisiune ferm() 3. pompe funebre undertenancy s. 1. subnchiriere; subarendare; contract de subnchiriere sau subarendare 2. calitatea de subchiria sau subarenda undertenant s. subchiria; subarenda undertone s. (bur.) dispoziie, atitudine, impresie; atmosfer (care influeneaz tranzaciile) undervaluation s. subevaluare, subapreciere undervalue v.t. a subevalua, a subapre-cia underweight s. greutate redus / sub cea normal underwork v.t. 1. a executa (o lucrare) la repezeal / de mntuial 2. a lucra mai ieftin dect v.i. a lucra puin / insuficient; a lucra de mntuial s. munc necalificat / inferioar underwrite v.t. 1. a sprijini (financiar'), a finana 2. a asigura; a ncheia (un contract de asigurare maritim etc.) 3. (bur.) a subscrie (o emisiune de titluri de valoare) underwriter s. 1. asigurtor (maritim), agent de asigurare; societate de asigurri 2. (bur.') subscriitor ~ 's policy - poli de asigurare {maritim) underwriting s. 1. asigurare {maritim etc.) 2. (bur.) subscriere ~ agent - agent de asigurare ~ agreement / contract contract de subscriere commission comision de subscriere

UND-UNE

341

~ syndicate - sindicat de subscriere

(alctuit din bnci i societi de investiii pentru a acoperi riscul asociat lansrii i distribuirii unei noi emisiuni de tiluri de valoare)

undisbursed adj. nedebursat ~ balance - sold nedebursat undischarged adj. 1. nedescrcat 2. neachitat ~ bankrupt - (dr.) falit nereabilitat undisclosed adj. nedivulgat, nenominalizat ~ buyer - (bur.) cumprtor nenominalizat ~ partner - comanditar ~ seller - (bur.) vnztor nenominalizat undistributed adj. nedistribuit, nerepartizat

~ earnings / profits - profit reinut / nedistribuit (acionarilor, n scopul formrii defonduri de investii) undivided adj. nemprtit; nedistribuit ~ earnings / profits - profit nedistribuit (acionarilor, n scopul formrii defonduri de investii) ~ property - (dr.) proprietate indiviz undo v.t. a anula, a rezilia (un contract) undock v.t. a scoate (o nava) din docuri v.i. a iei din docuri (despre o
nava)

undue adj. 1. inexigibil; nescadent 2. ilegal ~ debt - datorie inexigibil ~ influence - (dr.) influen ilegal, presiune (pentru semnarea unui
contracf)

~ increment - cretere spontan a valorii (funciare, imobiliare nedatorat mbuntirilor) ~ premium - prim nectigat (restituit asiguratulni de societatea de asigurri cnd proprietatea acestuia nu afost ameninat de risc) uneconomic adj. neeconomic, neren-tabil unemployable adj. care nu poate fi angajat unemployed adj. 1. omer, far lucru 2. nefolosit, neutilizat; inactiv, neproductiv ~ capital - capital neutilizat / mort ~ fund fond inactiv / neproductiv unemployment s. omaj ~ benefit / compensation / dole / pay relief - ajutor / alocatie de omaj ~ equilibrium echilibm n condiii de omaj ~ exchange - birou de plasare ~ fund fond de asigurare de omaj ~ insurance asigurare de omaj ~ trap - capcana omajului (lipsa de motivaie a omerului de a cuta o slujb atta vreme ct primete ajutorul de omaj) unencumbered adj. negrevat (de sarcini ipotecare) unendorsed adj. neandosat unenforceable adj. neexecutoriu (despre un contract, o hotrre judectoreasca) unentered adj, nenregistrat, 'nedecla-rat ~ goods - mrfuri nedeclarate (in vama) unequipped adj. neechipat, neadaptat ~ port - port far vam i antrepozite vamale

unearned adj. nemuncit ~ income - venit nemuncit (rente,

dobnzi, dividende)

342

UNE-UNI

unexecuted adj. 1. neexecutat, nerealizat (despre un plan etc.) 1. nelegalizat, nevalidat (despre un act etc.) unexpected adj. neateptat, neprevzut ~ costs - cheltuieli neprevzute unfair adj. 1. nedrept, injust 2. necinstit, neloial; ilegal ~ competition - concuren neloial ~ dismissal - concediere / destituire ilegal ~ labour practice - folosire ilegal a minii de lucru ~ trade practices - practici comerciale neloiale unfavourable adj. nefavorabil ~ balance of trade - balan comercial pasiv / deficitar ~ terms - condiii (conractuale) nefavorabile unfinished adj. neterminat; bmt, neprelucrat ~ goods - semifabricate unfreeze v.t. a debloca (fondur) unfunded adj. neconsolidat ~ debt - datorie public neconsolidat unified adj. unificat bond obligaiune unificat/ consolidat uniform adj. uniform, omogen ~ cargo caric / ncrctur uniform() ~ charter (mar.) contract de navlosire tip ~ costing - calcul uniform al preului de cost ~ system of accounts - sistem de contabilitate uniform unilateral adj. unilateral ~ contract - contract unilateral ~ monopoly - monopol unilateral unincorporated adj. (SUA) 1. necon-stituit sub forma unei corporaii 2.

neconstituit sub forma unei municipaliti ~ association - asociaie nonprofit uninsurable adj. neasigurabil ~ risk - risc neasigurabil uninsured adj. neasigurat ~ parcel - colet fr valoare declarat union s. 1. uniune; asociaie 2. sindicat, uniune (profesiona) ~ agreement - acord pentru tarife vamale ~ card - camet de sindicalist ~ labour - muncitori sindicalizai ~ shop - ntreprindere sindicalizat (in
care sunt angajai muncitori nesindicalizai cu condiia ca ei s devin membri ai unui sindicat n termen de

30 de zile de la angajare)', contract

colectiv

unionism s. sindicalism unionist 5'. sindicalist unique adj. unic feature - particularitate (de fabricaie) proprie unui anumit model ~ selling proposition - (com.) caracteristic unic (trsturi specifice care difereniaz un produs de concuren i care pot fi transmise consumatorului prin intermediul unui mesaj publicitar simplu) unissued adj. neemis (despre aciuni, obligaiuni) ~ capital - capital n aciuni neemise unit ^.unitate ~ banking - sistem bancar unitar (in care nu se admit filiale) ~ cost - pre de cost pe unitate / unitar; pre de cost mediu ~ -holder - acionar al unei societi de investitii financiare

UNI-UNN

343

~ load - ncrctur pe unitatea de suprafa; pachet de marf, marfa pachetizat / containerizat ~ of account - unitate de cont ~ of measure - unitate de msur ~ of value - unitate de valoare ~ price - pre unitar ~ tax - impozit pe unitate / unitar ~ trust - societate de investiii financiare, fond mutual ~ type - mostr medie (din diferite
uniti de marf)

~ value - valoare unitar (coeficient care exprim valoarea total a unei anumite producii comerciale, ntr-o perioad determinat de timp, mprit la volumul acesteid) ~ weight - greutate specific / unitar unity s. unitate ~ of command and direction - unitate de emitere a ordinelor i de conducere (principiu managerial conform cruia un salariat trebuie s primeasc indicaii de la un singur superior) ~ of joint property - proprietate comun / n comun ~ of possession - (dr.) integralitate / consolidare a proprietii (prin eliberarea de servitui etc.) unlade v.t. a descrca unlawful adj. ilegal, ilicit unlawfulness s. ilegalitate unlicensed adj. 1. neautorizat 2. nepatentat, nebrevetat ~ premises - local far autorizaie de vnzare a buturilor alcoolice unlimited adj. nelimitat ~ company - societate cu rspundere nelimitat ~ credit - credit nelimitat ~ liability - rspundere nelimitat

~ securities - titluri de valoare necotate (tranzacionate pe piaa extrabursier) ~ tax liability - fiscalitate nelimitat unliquidated adj. nelichidat ~ damages - daune/despgubiri necontractuale (stabilite de instan) ~ debt - datorie nelichidat unlisted adj. nelistat, necotat (la burs) ~ company - societate necotat market pia neoficial/ extrabursier ~ securities - titluri de valoare nelistate (tranzacionate pe piaa extrabursier) ~ securities market - piaa extrabur-sier a titlurilor de valoare unload v.t. 1. a descrca 2. a vinde m cantiti mari, a inunda piaa cu (produse, titluri de valoare) unloaded adj. descrcat ~ displacement - (mar.) deplasament al navei goale / far marfa; greutate a navei goale ~ passage - (mar.) cltorie n balast (la petroliere i mineraliere) ~ weight greutate descrcat unloading s. descrcare ~ agent - agent de descrcare ~ berth - dan de descrcare ~ charges cheltuieli de descrcare ~ period - timp afectat descrcrii ~ priority - prioritate la descrcare ~ rate - norm de descrcare unmanufactured adj. neprelucrat; n stare brut, brut ~ materials - materii prime unmarketable adj. nevandabil unmatured adj. nescadent unmerchantable v. unmarketable unmortgaged adj. neipotecat unnavigable adj. nenavigabil

344

UNN-UNS

unnegotiable adj. nenegociabil unoffcial adj. neoficial ~ rate of exchange - curs neoficial de schimb ~ strike - grev neautorizat unpaid adj. nepltit ~ capital - capital nevrsat ~ -for - neachitat, luat pe credit unplaced adj. nevndut, neplasat unpriced adj. fr pre, neevaluat unproductive adj. neproductiv ~ capital - capital neproductiv / mort ~ consumption - consum neproductiv ~ labour - mn de lucru neproductiv ~ wages - salarii indirect productive unproductiveness s. neproductivitate unprofitable adj. neprofitabil, nerentabil unqualified adj. necalificat unquoted adj. necotat (la bursa) ~ securities - titluri de valoare necotate (ranzacionate pe piaa extrabursier) unrated adj. neevaluat; netaxat, neimpus unrealizable adj. nerealizabil ~ capital - capital nerealizabil/nelichid ~ goods - mrfuri nevandabile unreceipted adj. neachitat unregistered adj. nenregistrat unremunerated adj. neremunerat unrequited adj. nepltit, necompensat (despre exporturi etc.) unrivalled adj. far rival unsaleable v. unmarketable unsatisfed adj. nesatisfacut, neonorat (despre o cerere, o datorie etc.) unseaworthiness ^. (mar.) stare necorespunztoare de navigabilitate unseaworthy adj. (mar.) n stare necorespunztoare de navigabilitate

unsecured adj. negarantat, far garanie '- creditor - creditor fr garanie/ general/chirografar debenture - obligaiune chirografar ~ loan - mprumut negarantat / descoperit ~ note - not de debit negarantat ~ overdraft - descoperit m cont fr garanie unsettled adj. 1. nereglementat, nesoluionat 2. neachitat, nepltit, neonorat 3. instabil, fluctuant unship v.t. a debarca (pasageri); a descrca (mrfuri) unshipped adj. (mar.) neexpediat ~ contract - contract pentm mrfuri neexpediate unskilled adj. necalificat ~ work - munc necalificat ~ worker - muncitor necalificat unsocial adj. nesocial ~ hours - program de lucru la ore nepotrivite (care l mpiedic pe muncitor s aib o via social normal) unsold adj. nevndut s. pl. mrfuri retumabile (fumizorului), solduri unsorted adj. nesortat unspent adj. necheltuit unsteadiness s. instabilitate (a pieei
etc.)

unsubscribed adj. nesubscris (despre capital) unsubsidized adj. nesubvenionat unsuitability s. investitie necorespunztoare unsystematic adj. nesistematic ~ risk - risc nesistematic (riscul
diversificabil sau specific unei anumite companii, cauzat de factori caracte-

UNS-USE

345

ristici acesteia, i care poatefi eliminat prin pstrarea aciunilor companiei ntr-un portofoliu diversificat)

untaxable adj. neimpozabil unvalued adj. neevaluat ~ policy - poli de asigurare

neevaluat (care nu specific valoarea interesului asigurat)

uptrend s. tendin de cretere (economica) upturn s. cretere, mrire (a prenrilor

etc.)

~ shares - aciuni fr valoare nominal unvouched adj. negarantat unwarranted adj. negarantat, far garanie up adv. sus adj. crescut, ridicat; n cretere (despre preur) s. ridicare, mrire (a prenrilor) ~ -market - n cretere (despre un magazin cu tendin de vnzare a mrfurilor scumpe i calitativ superioare) ~ -price clause - clauza creterii preurilor ~ -to-date - modem, actualizat to go ~ in price - a se scumpi to send ~ prices - a provoca o cretere a preurilor upcoming adj. urmtor, care urmeaz; anticipat (despre ctiguri la burs) update v.t. a modemiza, a actualiza upkeep s. 1. ntreinere 2. cheltuieli de ntreinere ~ expenses - cheltuieli de ntreinere upset v.t., v.i. a (se) rstuma ~ price - (SUA) pre iniial / de strigare
[la licitaie)

upward adj. ascendent, de urcare ~ tendency / trend - tendin ascendent / de urcare usage s. 1. utilizare, folosire 2. uzan
{comerciala)

usance s. 1. utilizare, folosire 2. uzan

(stabilirea termenelor de plat pentru cambii ce trebuie achitate ntr-o ar strin, potrivit practicii uzuale

upstream adj. n amonte ~ subsidies - subvenii n amonte

(subvenii acordate furnizorului de materie prim pentru un produs)

upswing v. upturn

comerciale) ~ bill - cambie la termen conform uzanei use s. 1. utilizare, uz, folosire 2. utilitate, folos v.t. 1. a utiliza, a folosi 2. (up) a consuma (complet), a epuiza ~ and occupancy policy - (SUA) poli de asigurare indirect / contra pierderii profitului ~ factor - factor de utilizare ~ of undue authority - abuz de putere ~ tare - tar conform uzanei to be in ~ - a fi folosit to be out of ~ - a fi ieit din uz to come into ~ - a intra n uz, a fi introdus to fall out of ~ - a iei din uz used adj. 1. utilizat, folosit; consumat, epuizat 2. uzat, vechi; de ocazie ~ stamp - timbru tampilat / obliterat useful adj. util; uzual; net ~ capacity - capacitate util ~ deadweight - (mar.) capacitate util/ net de ncrcare ~ dispatch - celeritate uzual ~ life - durat de exploatare / funcionare / utilizare ~ load - sarcin / greutate util

346

~ weight - greutate util user s. 1. utilizator, beneficiar; consumator 2. (dr.) uzufructuar 3. (dr.) drept de uzufruct ~ -friendly - bine proiectat / conceput
(despre un produs)

usual adj. uzual ~ dispatch - celeritate uzual ~ tare - greutate uzual a tarei ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) uzuale usufruct 5. (dr.) uzufruct usufructuary adj., s. (dr.) uzufructuar ~ right - drept de uzufruct usurer s. cmtar usurious adj. cmtresc usury s. 1. camt 2. cmtrie ~ laws - legi mpotriva cametei ~ rate - dobnd uzurar to lend upon ~ - a mprumuta cu camt
USE-UTT

to practise ~ - a face cmtrie utensil s. ustensil, instrument, unealt utilitarianism s. utilitarism utility s. 1. utilitate, folos 2. serviciu public; gospodrie comunal / municipal 3. pl. aciuni ale societilor de servicii publice adj. utilitar ~ car/vehicle - furgonet, autoutilitar ~ magnate - (SUA) mare comerciant; capital investit ntr-o societate de servicii publice ~ refuse / waste - deeuri refolosibile utmost adj. maxim ~ good faith - (asig., dr.) maxim bun-credin (pbligaia persoanei care ncheie o asigurare de a oferi asigurtorului toate informaiile referitoare la bunurile sau interesele propuse pentru asigurare) utter v.t. a pune n circulaie (bani fali, documente false)

v
vacancy s. post vacant; loc vacant ~ rate - rata proprietilor nenchiriate (pe piaa imobiliar); rata camerelor libere (intr-un hotel) vacant adj. vacant, liber, neocupat ~ possession - (dr.) luare n posesie (a unei proprieti neocupate) ~ succession - (dr.) motenire vacant vacatable adj. 1. anulabil (despre un contract) 2. disponibil (despre un spaiu) vacate v.t. (dr.) a anula (un contract) 2. a-i da demisia din {serviciu) 3. a evacua (un spaiu) vacating adj. demisionar vacation s. 1. eliberare {a unui spaiu, a unui post) 1. vacan {colar, universitar, judiciar); concediu allowance - indemnizaie de concediu ~ pay - plat a concediului ~ shut-down nchidere (a firme} pe perioada concediilor valid adj. 1. valid; valabil, n vigoare 2. motivat, ntemeiat (despre obiecii, reclamaii etc.) ~ contract - contract n vigoare validate v.t. a valida, a legaliza validity s. validitate; valabilitate valorization s. (fin.) valorizare (meninere a preurilor prin subvenii de stat); stabilire a preurilor n mod arbitrar (,i nu ca rezultat al cereri i oferte) valorize v.t. a subveniona (preurile prin intervenia statului) valuable adj. valoros, de valoare s. pl. obiecte valoroase / de valoare ~ consideration - (dr.) titlu oneros ~ goods - mrfuri de valoare valuate v.t. a evalua, a estima, a preui valuation s. evaluare, estimare, preuire; valoare estimat ~ charges - cheltuieli de evaluare ~ clause - (.asig.) clauza evalurii ~ survey - expertiz de evaluare; taxare forestier valuator s. evaluator, preuitor; persoan care face un deviz value s. 1. valoare 2. pre, cost; tarif3. evaluare, preuire; deviz v.t. a evalua, a estima, a preui added valoare adugat (materialelor prin procesul de producie sau distribuie) ~ -added tax taxa pe valoarea adugat ~ analysis - analiza / tehnologia valorii (analiza componentelor i a operaiilor pentru obinerea unui produs n vederea realizrii aceleiai caliti la un cost mai redus) ~ chain - (man.) lanul valorii (totalitatea activitilor interdepen-dente desfurate ntr-o corporaie) ~ day of receipt valoare n ziua primirii ~ engineering - optimizare a valorii {studierea fiecrei etape din fabricarea unui produs n scopul reducerii costurilor de producie fr a afecta calitatea acestuia)

348

VAL-VEG

~ given - valoare fumizat ~ given clause - clauza valorii fumizate ~ goods - mrfuri de valoare ~ here and there - valoare compensat ~ in account - valoare n cont ~ in earning power - valoare de rentabilitate ~ in exchange - valoare de schimb (a unei mrfi exprimat prin pret) ~ in use - valoare practic (a unui produs raportat la utilitatea sa pentru
om)

~ judgement - opinie profesional/a unui specialist ~ letter - scrisoare de valoare ~ of money - valoare a banilor, putere de cumprare ~ received - valoare primit (formul pe o cambie) ~ to a going business - participaie la o societate n activitate / producie ~ work done - expertiz a unei lucrri to be good ~ - a fi avantajos / ieftin
to be of ~ - a avea valoare

~ ship - nav portcontainere variable adj. variabil ~ budget - buget variabil ~ capital - capital variabil ~ cost - cost variabil/direct ~ costing - (cont.) stabilire a preului de cost variabil / marginal ~ levy - tax (vamal) variabil (pentru produsele de import) ~ rate mortgage - (SUA) ipotec cu dobnd variabil variance s. varian ~ analysis - analiz dispersional/de
variant (analiza diferenelor dintre costurile i veniturile alocate i cele actuale) variation s. variaie, modificare (a preurilor)

variational adj. supus variaiilor variety s. 1. varietate, diversitate 2. asortiment ~ of patterns - asortiment de eantionare ~ reduction - reducere a gamei de
produse (fabricate sau comercializate)

to get ~ for one's money - a-i valorifica banii to make good the ~ of - a compensa valoarea valued adj. evaluat, estimat, preuit ~ policy - (asig. mar.) poli evaluat (care specific valoarea interesului asigurat) valueless adj. far valoare valuelessness s. lips de valoare valuer s. preuitor, evaluator, calculator; taxator van s. 1. furgon, furgonet; camion 2. vagon de marf (acoperit) v.t. a transporta (mrfuri) n furgoane sau
vagoane

~ shop / store - magazin general; magazin de mrfuri ieftine various adj. variat, divers, diferit vary v.t., v.i. 1. a varia, a (se) modifica, a (se) schimba 2. a (se) diversifica (despre ofert) varying adj. 1. variabil, care variaz 2. variat, divers s. variaie, modificare ~ terms - condiii (contractuale) variabile vault s. 1. camer de valori / tezaur {ntr-o banc); trezorerie 2. cas de bani, seif3. pivni ~ cash - rezerve n numerar vegetable adj. vegetal s. legum, zarzavat

VEG-VIA

349

~ garden - grdin de zarzavat ~ oil - ulei vegetal vehicle s. vehicul, mijloc de transport ~ ferry - feribot de automobile ~ fleet - parc de vehicule vehicular adj. vehicular, referitor la vehicule velocity s. vitez ~ of circulation - vitez de circulaie (a banilor n economie) vend v.t. 1. (dr.) a vinde 2. a vinde, a oferi spre vnzare (lucruri de mic
valoare)

vendee s. (dr.) cumprtor vender v.vendor vendibility s. vandabilitate vendible adj. vandabil vending adj. de vnzare ~ machine - automat (pentru vnzarea buurilor rcoritoare, a ziarelor etc.) vendor s. vnztor ~ 's lien - (dr.) drept de retenie al vnztorului (pn cnd cumprtorul achit integral preul proprietii) ~ s' shares - aciuni ale vnztorilor (pferite n loc de bani vnztorilor unei societi, iniial fondatorii ei) vendue s. (SUA) licitaie ~ master - persoan care conduce o licitaie venture s. 1. aciune (comercial} 2. speculaie 3. afacere comportnd multe riscuri; obiect al afacerii / speculaiei
v.t v.i. a risca

~ capital - capital de risc verbal adj. verbal ~ agreement - acord verbal ~ contract - contract verbal ~ offer - ofert verbal vertical adj. vertical

~ amalgamation/merger - fuziune vertical (achiziia unei finne de ctre unul dintre furnizori sau clien) ~ combination/integration - combinare/integrare vertical (integrarea producfiei cu sursele de aprovizionare i cupieele de desfacere) ~ expansion expansiune vertical (creterea produciei agricole prin mbuntrea productivitii terenului cultivat existenf) ~ restrictions - restricii verticale (impuse vnztorului sau cumpr-torului unui articol) ~ trust - trust vertical vessel s. nav; ambarcaiune ~ bond - ipotec maritim/pe nav ~ policy - poli (de asigurare) a navei ~ rating - clasificare a navei ~ 's documents / papers - acte ale navei (de registru i de companie) ~ stowage list - cargoplan, plan de ncrcare ~ ton - ton-registru ~ tonnage - tonaj al navei (in tone-registru) vest v.t. 1. (dr.) a nvesti, a mputemici (cu drepturi) 2. a plasa, a investi v.i. a-i plasa banii, a face investitii to ~ property in smb. - a pune pe cineva n posesie to ~ smb. with a function - a nvesti pe cineva ntr-o funcie vested adj. 1. investit, plasat {despre un capital) 2. legitim, legal; ntemeiat ~ interest - titlu / drept de proprietate ~ interests - grup de interese (economice) via prep. via, prin s. exemplar (al unei cambii)

350

VIC-VOL

vicarious adj. 1. delegat, mandatar 2. prin delegat / mandatar; facut pentru altul / n locul altuia ~ authority - autoritate delegat ~ liability - (dr.) obligaie cedat unui delegat / mandatar vice s. defect, viciu ~ propre - (asig.) viciu propriu/inerent (unei mrf) vice- pref. vice ~ -chairman - vicepreedinte (al unui comitet etc.) ~ -consul - viceconsul ~ -president - vicepreedinte victual s. pl. alimente, provizii v.t. a aproviziona cu alimente victualler s. 1. fumizor de alimente 2. crciumar victualling s. aprovizionare cu alimente ~ allowance - indemnizaie de alimente / hran; cot / raie de alimente ~ bill - (mar.) permis de aprovizionare (fr plata taxelor vamale) ~ house - bufet, birt vindictive adj. de penalizare ~ damages - despgubiri cu titlu de penalizare vine s. vi de vie ' ~ culture / growing - viticultur ~ grower - viticultor vineyard s. vie, podgorie vinicultural adj. vinicol viniculture s. vinicultur viniculturist s. viticultor vintage s. 1. cules al viilor 2. recolt, producie vinicol (a unui an) 3. vin de calitate ~ wine - vin de calitate ~ year - an cu vin de calitate

vintner s. 1. podgorean 2. comerciant de vinuri vintnery s. comert cu vinuri visa s. viz v.t. a viza {un paaport) visible adj. vizibil ~ balance - balan vizibil (care include exporturile i importurile
vizibile)

~ exports - exporturi vizibile (exportul

de mrfur)

imports ~ importuri vizibile (importul de mrfur} ~ reserve - (cont.} rezerv vizibil {menionat n bilanul contabl) vocation s. meserie, profesie; carier vocational s. profesional ~ counselling - ndrumare profesional ~ education / teaching nvmnt profesional ~ rehabilitation - readaptare profesio-nal ~ training - formare profesional void adj. 1. vacant, liber (despre un post) 2. (dr.) nul, far efect, lovit de nulitate v.t. (dr.) a anula, a rezilia (un contract) ~ clause - clauz nul ~ contract - contract reziliat voidable adj. anulabil, reziliabil voidableness s'. anulabilitate, reziliabilitate voidance s. anulare, reziliere voidness s. (dr.) nulitate, nevalabilitate volatile adj. schimbtor, instabil (despre piaa bursier) volume s. volum ~ business comert en gros ~ calculation - calculare a tonajului ~ capacity - capacitate de transport a mrfurilor de volum

VOL-VOY

351

~ chart - diagram volumetric de activitate (pe o anumit perioad) ~ discount - rabat de cantitate ~ index - indice de cantitate ~ of trade - volum al schimburilor comerciale voluntary adj. 1. voluntar, din proprie iniiativ 2. benevol, susinut prin contribuii voluntare 3. facultativ 4. (dr.) voluntar; intenionat ~ chains / groups - lan / asociaie voluntar() (de detailiti care au convenit s cumpere de la un singur angrosist, n schimbul unor faciliti i avantaje) ~ consequence / conveyance / disposition - (dr.) transmitere / cesiune voluntar / cu titlu gratuit ~ exports restraints - limitare voluntar a exporturilor (dintr-un anumit sector) - insurance - asigurare facultativ ~ liquidation / winding-up - (dr.) executare voluntar ~ organization - organizaie finanat prin contribuii benevole (ale membrilor ei) ~ sale - vnzare voluntar ~ saving - economie voluntar - stranding - (mar.) euare voluntar
(pentru salvare)

aproba (un bugef) 2. (down) a respinge (o moiune) 3. (in) a alege (ntr-un pos) 4. (into) a alege ca (preedinte) 5. (through) a aproba prin vot v.i. a vota ~ by ballot - vot secret ~ ofcensure - vot de blam ~ of confdence - moiune de ncredere ~ of no-confidence - moiune de nencredere to carry a ~ - a adopta o moiune to cast one's ~ - a-i da votul, a vota to take the ~ - a proceda la vot voteless adj. care nu particip la vot, far drept de vot ~ share - aciune fr drept de vot voter s. votant voting adj. votant; care are drept de vot s. 1. votare, scrutin; vot 2. participare la
vot

~ unemployment - omaj voluntar ~ waste - distrugere intenionat (pentru ncasarea asigurrii) 'vostropron. vostro ~ account - cont vostro (conturile bncilor - corespondent deschise la o banc dat) vote s. 1. vot; votare; scrutin 2. moiune, rezoluie v.t. 1. a vota, a

~ paper - buletin de vot ~ power / right - drept de vot ~ share - aciune cu drept de vot voucher s. 1. act / document justificativ; pies contabil 2. chitan, bon, recipis ~ for receipt - chitan de primire ~ system - sistem de actejustificative voyage s. cltorie, voiaj (pe mare) v.i. a cltori (pe mare) ~ book - registru de voiaje ~ charter party - contract de navlosire pe voiaj ~ freight - navlu pe voiaj ~ insurance - asigurare pe voiaj ~ policy - (asig. mar.) poli de asigurare pe voiaj ~ -to-voyage contract - contract de angajare pentru un voiaj voyageable adj. practicabil, navigabil

W
wad s. (SUA) teanc {de bancnote) wage s. (.ipl.) salariu, leafa; chenzin ~ adjustment - ajustare a salariilor ~ and price control - control al salariilor i al preurilor ~ assignment - retinere de salariu (n cazul nerambursrii unui credit) ~ ceiling - plafon a salariilor ~ claims - revendicri salariale ~ costs - cost al minii de lucru ~ cuts - reduceri salariale ~ determination - determinare a salariilor ~ differential - salariu diferential ~ drift - fluctuaie salarial ~ earner - salariat ~ floor - nivel minim al salariilor ~ freeze - ngheare a salariilor ~ fund - fond de salarii ~ incentives - stimulente salariale ~ increase - mrire salarial ~ labour - munc salariat ~ level - nivel al salariilor ~ level adjustment - corelare a nivelului de salarizare ~ market - (SUA) piaa salariilor ~ negotiations - negocieri salariale ~ policy - politic salarial ~ -price spiral - spiral inflaionist / salarii - preuri ~ push - efect asupra salariilor ~ rates - coeficieni de salarizare ~ restraint - limitare / restricie salarial ~ scale - plan / categorii de salarizare ~ slave - rob salariat (cu salariu foarte mic) ~ s and salaries - salarii (ale muncitorilor) i lefiiri (ale funcionarilor) ~ s clerk - funcionar nsrcinat cu plata i evidena salariilor ~ s index - indice al salariilor ~ s sheet - stat de salarii wager s. 1. pariu 2. obiect pe care se pariaz v.t. a paria pe v.t. a paria ~ policy - (asig.) poli de onoare / far obiect asigurat wageworker s. muncitor; salariat wag(g)on s. 1. cru, car 2. vagon de marfa 3. autocamion 4. remorc basculant ~ park / yard - parc de vagoane ~ works - uzin de vagoane wag(g)onage s. 1. transport; cruie 2. vagonaj wait s. ateptare, expectativ v.t., v.i. a atepta ~ -and-see policy - politic (comerciala) de expectativ to ~ and see - a adopta o atitudine de expectativ waiter s. 1. chelner, osptar 2. (bur.) comisionar (persoan care transmite mesaje, documente) waiting s. ateptare, expectativ adj. de ateptare ~ list - list de ateptare / solicitani ~ room - camer de ateptare ~ time - timp de ateptare (pentru
operarea navei)

WAI-WAR

waive v.t. 1. (dr.) a renuna la (un drept, o pretenie etc.) 2. a amna waiver s. (dr.) renunare la (un drept, o pretenie etc.)', declaraie de renunare ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauz de renunare ~ of demand, notice and protest renunare la dreptul de a protesta o cambie ~ of premium - renunare la prime (de
asigurare)

walk s. 1. rond, tur; ieire, drum 2. ritm lent / sczut (al produciei) 3. domeniu, sfer, bran v. i. (out) a face grev ~ of life - poziie social; carier, profesie walkout s. grev wall s. zid, perete ~ advertising - publicitate mural (pe
faada cldirilor)

wallet .$. portofel (pentru bancnote, cri de credit etc.) want s. 1. lips, necesitate, nevoie; insuficien 2. (com.) cerere v.t. 1. a vrea, a dori; a cuta 2. a avea nevoie de; a necesita, a reclama, a cere v.;'. 1. a duce lips, a fi lipsit de mijloace 2. (for) a-i lipsi, a duce lips de ~ of balance - dezechilibru ~ of goods - lips de mrfuri ~ of title - (a?r.) lips de titlu de proprietate to be in ~ - a f strmtorat wantage s. lips, necesar; cerere war s. rzboi ~ clause - (asig. mar.) clauza rzboiului ~ contraband - contraband de rzboi ~ debts - datorii de rzboi ~ economy - economie de rzboi ~ loan - mprumut de rzboi

~ reparations - despgubiri de rzboi ~ risk insurance - asigurare mpotriva riscurilor de rzboi ware s. 1. (in cuvinte compuse) articole, fabricate, produse 2. pl. articole, mrfuri warehouse s. 1. depozit de mrfuri sau materiale; antrepozit, magazie 2. magazin mare v.. a depozita, a antrepozita, a nmagazina ~ bond - act de garanie de depozitare ~ charges - cheltuieli de depozitare ~ company - societate de depozite de mrfuri ~ entry - declaraie (yamal) de mrfuri depozitate floorage - suprafa util a depozitului ~ insurance - asigurare a mrfurilor depozitate ~ keeper - magaziner ~ keeper's certifcate / receipt -recipis de depozitare ~ keeper's order / release - permis (vamal) de scoatere a mrfi din depozit ~ loan - mprumut asupra mrfurilor depozitate ~ receipt - recipis de depozitare ~ receipt loan - mprumut garantat cu un stoc ~ storage area - platform de depozitare ~ -to-warehouse clause - clauza "de la depozit la depozit" ~ -to-warehouse insurance - asigurare "de la depozit la depozit" ~ warrant - recipis warant ~ withdrawal permit - permis (yamal) de eliberare a mrfi din depozit

354

WAR-WAS

warehouseman s. 1. comerciant angro-sist 2. proprietar de depozit 3. maga-ziner warehousing s. 1. depozitare, antrepozitare; magazinaj 2. (bur.} pre-luare a controlului asupra unei societi (prin acumularea treptat a aciunilor de la micii acionari) ~ charges - cheltuieli de depozitare ~ entry - declaraie de depozitare ~ system - sistem de depozitare warn v.t. 1. a preveni, a avertiza 2. a ntiina 3. (dr.) a cita; a notifica 4. (out) a concedia 1. prevenire, avertizare; warning s. 2. preaviz; somaie de procur, avertisment mandat 2. recipis warant 3. concediere mandat; certificat, chitan warrant s. 4. garanie; cauiune v.. 1. a autoriza, a mputemici 2. a garanta, a gira 1. ~ for payment ordonan de plat ~ of attachment - sechestru ~ of attorney procur ~ weight - greutate consemnat n warant ~ writer - garant, girant warrantee s. persoan care primete o garanie sau o mputemicire warranter v. warrantor warrantor s. garant, girant warranty s. 1. garanie, chezie; (cow.) garanie scris 2. clauz (contractual) 3. autorizaie, permis ~ clause - clauz de garanie ~ of attorney - mandat, procur ~ of quality - garanie de calitate ~ of seaworthiness - (mar.) garanie de navigabilitate ~ test - prob de recepie

wash s. splat, splare v.t. a spla, a smulge, a lua (despre valuri) ~ sale - (bur.) (SUA) vnzare sau cumprare fictiv (pentru a crea impresia c anumite aciuni sunt foarte cutate) washed adj. splat, smuls, luat ~ overboard - (mar.) smuls / luat de valuri (de pe punte) wastage s. 1. pierdere, risip; scurgere (a unui lichid); pierdere (a greuti) prin uscare 2. rebut(uri); deeu(ri) 3. uzare, uzur 4. pierdere de fort de munc (din cauza angajailor care demisioneaz din motive'personale) waste s. 1. pierdere, risip 2. rebut; deeu 3. maculatur 4. teren abandonat; pmnt necultivat 5. moloz, drmturi 6. hald de steril adj. 1. rebutat, de rebut 2. gol, pustiu; necultivat (despre terenur) 3. nefolosit 4. uzat; de aruncat v.t. 1. a pierde, a risipi (bani, timp etc.) 2. a distruge; strica, a deteriora ~ area - spaiu de descrcare ~ dump - hald ~ land - teren necultivat ~ paper - maculatur pipe conduct de ape reziduale/uzate ~ products - rebuturi, produse rebutate ~ recovery - recuperare / valorificare a deeurilor ~ space / stowage - spatiu nefolosit / pierdut (prin stivuire necorespunz-toare) ~ tonnage - tonaj pierdut / mort ~ utilization - utilizare a deeurilor ~ waters - ape reziduale / uzate wasteful adj. risipitor, cheltuitor; inutil wasting adj. cu durat limitat (de exploatare)

WAS-WEA

355

~ assets - active epuizabile / cu durat limitat de exploatare (mine, cariere etc. care se epuizeaz n timp) water s. 1. ap 2. (i pl.) ap mineral 3. (i pl.) mare; ape 4. aciuni fictive/diluate (emise prin supraevaluarea acivelor) adj. 1. de ap 2. hidrotehnic; hidraulic v.i. a emite aciuni fictive/diluate (prin supraevaluarea activelor) ~ bailage - taxe portuare ~ carriage / transport - transport pe ap ~ craft - nav; ambarcaie; mijloace plutitoare ~ haul - transport pe ap, cruie ~ -power plant - hidrocentral -power resources resurse hidroenergetice ~ -retaining - hidrofil (despre mrfur) ~ route - drum / rut pe ap ~ -supply engineering - hidrotehnic ~ -supply network / system - retea de alimentare cu ap waterage s. 1. transport pe ap 2. (mar.) navlu waterborne adj. transportat pe ap (despre mrfuri) watering adj. diluat ~ stock - aciuni fictive/diluate (emise prin supraevaluarea activelor) waterway s. cale / canal navigabil (); pas de navigaie ~ traffc - transport pe ci de ap interioare waterworks s. pl. 1. uzin de ap 2. instalaii hidraulice; sistem de alimentare cu ap
watt 5-. watt

~ consumption - consum de wai ~ -hour - wattor

~ -hour meter - wattormetru waybill s. borderou de expediie; scrisoare de trsur, fraht wayleave s. drept de trecere (pe o proprietate) weak adj. 1. slab (despre pia etc.) 2. sczut (despre preuri etc.) weaken v.t v.i. a scdea (despre preuri etc.) wealth s. 1. bogie, avere 2. abunden, belug ~ -owning classes - clasele bogate / avute ~ tax - impozit pe avere wealthy adj. bogat, avut; prosper wear s. 1. uzur 2. mbrcminte; confecii v.i. a se uza ~ and tear - uzur; (cont., fin.) amortizare ~ index - indice de uzur ~ life - durat de uzur wearing adj. 1. de purtat 2. care se uzeaz s. 1. purtare, purtat (al mbrcminte) 2. uzare, uzur ~ apparel - mbrcminte; confecii ~ limit - limit de uzur ~ parts - piese supuse uzurii ~ quality - rezisten la uzur weather s. l. vreme, timp, stare atmosferic 2. vreme rea; furtun ~ base / station - staie meteorologic ~ -beaten - avariat de condiii atmosferice nefavorabile (despre mrfuri) ~ -bound -. reinut / mpiedicat de vreme rea (despre avioane sau nave) ~ bureau - institut sau serviciu meteorologic ~ forecast / report - buletin meteorologic, prognoza timpului

356

WEA-WEI

~ insurance - asigurare pentru vreme rea ~ permitting - (mar.) "dac vremea permite" (condiie de operare a navei) ~ permitting clause - (mar.) clauza timpului nefavorabil ~ service - serviciu meteorologic ~ working day - zi lucrtoare "dac vremea permite" week s. sptmn weekday s. zi de lucru, zi lucrtoare; zi din sptmn (fr smbdta i duminic) weekdays adv. n zilele lucrtoare weekend s. week-end, sfrit de sptmn v.i. a petrece week-end-ul ~ ticket - (c./) bilet de week-end
(yalabil numai n aceast perioada) weekender s. turist de sfrit de

sptmn; client de sfrit de sptmn (la hotel) weekly adj. sptmnal, hebdomadar (despre publicai) adv. sptmnal s. revist sptmnal, sptmnal, hebdomadar ~ fixture loan / money - mpmmut pe apte zile ~ magazine - revist sptmnal, hebdomadar ~ payment - plat sptmnal ~ wages - salariu sptmnal weigh v.t. 1. a cntri 2. a evalua, a estima, a aprecia (consecinele etc.) 3. (out) a cntri; a mprti, a distribui
(dup cntrire) v.i. a cntri

greuti) 3. greutate, ncrctur, sarcin v.t. 1. a pondera 2. a ngreuna, a ncrca ~ account - specificaie de greutate (m documentele de transport) ~ allowed free - greutate netaxat ~ allowance - rabat la greutate ~ by volume - greutate volumetric ~ cargo / goods - marfa grea ~ carrying capacity - capacitate de ncrcare (a navei) ~ certificate - certifcat de cntrire ~ distribution - repartizare a greutii ~ draft/draught - corecie a pescajului ~ empty - greutate proprie / fr ncrctur ~ equalizer - contragreutate ~ factor - factor de pondere ~ feed - dozare n greutate ~ fraction - fractiune de greutate ~ holder - bra pentru greuti (la
cntar)

weigher s. cantaragiu weighing s. cntrire ~ charges - tax de cntrire ~ lever / machine - cntar, bascul weight s. 1. greutate {la cntar) 1. greutate (de metal pentru msurarea

~ indicator - indicator de greutate ~ loss - pierdere de greutate ~ note - buletin / not de ncrcare ~ of displacement - (mar.) deplasament brut / total ~ percent - procent n / de greutate ~ set - greuti pentm cntrit ~ slip - fi de greutate ~ stamp - tampil "cntrit" ~ ton - (mar.) ton lung / englez ~ , value and content unknown (mar.) greutate, valoare i coninut necunoscute (meniune ntr-un conosament) weighting s. 1. ponderare 2. potenial (al piee) 3. compensatie, spor de salariu weighted adj. 1. ponderat 2. ngreunat, ncrcat

WEI-WHI

357

~ average - medie ponderat ~ indexes - indici ponderai welfare s. 1. bunstare, prosperitate 2. asisten social; asigurri sociale ~ economics - economia bunstrii ~ fund - fond de asigurri sociale ~ legislation - legislaia asigurrilor sociale ~ state - ar cu sistem de asisten social ~ work - asisten social ~ worker - asistent social welfarism s. ansamblu de msuri i politici care caracterizeaz sistemul de asisten social well adv. bine ~ -balanced - echilibrat ~ -being - bunstare ~ -conditioned - n bun stare (despre mrfuri etc.) ~ -conducted - bine condus (despre o
flrma)

~ -equipped - bine dotat sau aprovizionat ~ -establish - solid ~ -experienced - experimentat ~ -informed - informat, documentat ~ "known - renumit, vestit ~ -made - bine lucrat ~ -maintained - ferm, stabil (despre
preur)

~ -managed - bine condus / administrat ~ -off / -to-do - avut, nstrit ~ -paid - bine pltit / retribuit ~ -practised - experimentat, cu mult practic ~ -stowed - bine stivuit ~ -timed - oportun

wet adj. 1. ud, umed 2. hidrofil 3. lichid v.t. 1. a uda, a umezi 2. a stropi, a iriga ~ dock - bazin portuar de maree (cu pori care menin acelai nivel al ape) ~ goods - mrfuri lichide wey 5. wey (unitate de msur pentru capacitate) whale s. balen ~ fshery - pescuit / vntoare de balene ~ -oil factory-vessel - nav-uzin de prelucrat untura de balen whaleboat s. balenier whaling s. pescuit / vntoare de balene wharf s. chei costier; chei fluvial; debarcader; platform de descrcare v.t. a descrca sau a depozita (mrfuri) pe chei ' demurrage locaie pentm mrfurile depuse pe chei ~ dues - taxe de chei, cheiaj wharfage s. 1. tax de chei, cheiaj 2. depozitare (a mrfurilor) pe chei and porterage - aducere a mrfurilor de la vagoane lng nav whariinger s. 1. administrator de chei 2. proprietar / antreprenor de chei ~ 's receipt / warrant recipis de depozitare pe chei wheat s. gru ~ pit - (SUA) bursa grului wherewithal s. mijloace necesare, banii necesari whiteac?/.alb ~ coal - energie hidroelectric ~ -collar workers - gulerele albe (clasa de mijloc) ~ goods - aparatur electrocasnic; pnzeturi, albituri

358

WHI-WIN

~ knight - cavaler alb (firm care cumpr o companie cu acordul acesteia pentru a mpiedica preluarea de ctre ofirm nedorit) ~ oil.- produs petrolier alb ~ paper - carte alb; efect de comert de prima clas ~ sale - vnzare de albituri/pnz de in whole adj. ntreg, tot; total, integral s. ntreg, tot; total, totalitate ~ banks - bnci mari (care acord mprumuturi comerciale i industriale) ~ cargo charter - (mar.) navlosire total / integral ~ flour - fin integral ~ -life insurance - asigurare pe via ~ milk - lapte integral ~ -time work - norm ntreag ~ timer - angajat cu norm ntreag wholemeal s. fain integral wholesale s. vnzare angro/cu ridicata adv adj. angro, cu ridicata v.t., v.i. a vinde angro/cu ridicata ~ banking - afaceri / tranzacii bancare de mare avengur (implicnd sume mari) ~ dealer / merchant - angrosist ~ manufacture - fabricaie n serie ~ markets - piee generale/angro ~ price - pre cu ridicata ~ sale - vnzare angro ~ store / warehouse - depozit angro ~ trade - comert angro to deal ~ - a face comer angro wholesaler s. angrosist wide adj. 1. larg, extins; mare, considerabil 2. instabil, fluctuant (despre preur) ~ price - (bur.) curs cu fluctuaie mare (fntre oferta de vnzare i cea de cumprare)

~ trade connections - legturi comerciale extinse widen v.t. a lrgi, a extinde (piaa de desfacere) v.i. 1. a se lrgi, a se extinde 2. a crete, a se amplifica (despre un
decalaj)

wildcat s. 1. ntreprindere riscant 2. sond de explorare/far prospeciuni prealabile adj. 1. riscant, nesigur 2. ilegal v.t. a prospecta (im teren) v.i. a face prospeciuni ~ company - societate care practic afaceri riscante ~ drilling - foraj de prospeciune ~ strike - grev neautorizat (de
sindicat)

~ well - sond de explorare wildcatter s. speculant care face afaceri riscante sau ilegale wildcatting s. 1. afaceri riscante; operaii ilegale 2. forare de explorare will s. 1. voin 2. testament, legat v.. a testa, a lsa prin testament to make one's ~ - a-i face testamentul win v.t. a ctiga v.i. (through) a reui, a-i atinge scopul s. ctig, profit wind v.t. (up) a lichida (o societate) windfall s. motenire neateptat; ctig neateptat / neprevzut ~ profit - profit neateptat / neprevzut winding up s. lichidare ~ by the court - lichidare judiciar ~ order - hotrre judectoreasc de lichidare ~ sale - (rfr.) executare silit window s. 1. fereastr 2. ghieu 3. vitrin ~ case - vitrin ~ dresser - decorator de vitrine

WIN-WOO

359

~ dressing - arta decorrii vitrinelor; falsificare, trucare (a situaiei financiare, a unui bilan etc.) ~ envelope - plic cu fereastr ~ shopper - persoan care se uit la vitrine (fr intenia de a cumpra) wine 5. vin v.t. a aproviziona cu vin ~ cellar - cram ~ cooper - degusttor de vinuri; chelar, pivnicer ~ district - regiune viticol ~ industry - industria viticol ~ merchant - negustor de vinuri ~ preparation - vinificaie ~ production - vinificaie, producere a vinului ~ vault - cram ~ vinegar -'oet de vin winegrower s. viticultor winegrowing s. viticultur winter s. iam adj. de iam v.t. a ngriji (plante, animale) pe timp de iam ~ cereals/corn/crop - cereale semnate toamna, culturi de toamn ~ draft/draught - (mar.) pescaj la linia de ncrcare de iam ~ freebord mark / loadline - (mar.) linie de ncrcare de iam ~ resort - staiune de iam ~ wheat - gru de iam wipe v.t. 1. a terge 2. (off, out) a lichida (o datorie) with prep. cu ~ average - (asig. mar.) cu avarie ~ effect from - n vigoare de la data ~ particular average - (asig. mar.) cu avarie particular withdraw v.t. 1. a retrage (depuneri, mrfuri etc.) 2. a anula (o comand, un

credit etc.); a ridica (restricii) v.i. a se

retrage withdrawable adj. care poate fi retras (despre depuner) withdrawal s. 1. retragere (de depuneri, mrfuri etc.) 2. anulare (a unei comenzi, a unui credit etc.)', ridicare (de restrici) ~ notice - aviz de retragere de fonduri / depuneri withhold v.t. a reine; a sista (plata, livrarea etc.) withholding s'. reinere; sistare ~ tax - impozit reinut la surs (pentru dobnzi sau dividende pltite unui investitor strin) without prep. far ~ benefit of salvage - (asig. mar.) fr prim de salvare ~ damage - (asig. mar.) fr avarie ~ engagement - (com.) fr angajament (din partea fumizorului de a menine un anumitpre la livrare) ~ further delay - fr a mai ntrzia ~ payment - fr plat; cu titlu gratuit ~ -profts policy poli de asigurare de via far beneficii suplimentare ~ recourse - far recurs/regres
(formul pe o cambie)

wood s. 1. pdure; regiune mpdurit 2. lemn, material lemnos adj. 1. de lemn, lemnos 2. de pdure, forestier ~ goods - materiale lemnoase ~ industry - industria lemnului / forestier woodenware s. obiecte / articole de lemn woodwork s. 1. piese / articole de lemn 2. tmplrie, parte de lemn (a unei
construci)

woodworker s. tmplar, dulgher

360

WOO-WOR

woodworking s. prelucrare a lemnului adj. de prelucrat lemnul ~ industry - industria de prelucrare a lemnului ~ machine - main de prelucrat lemnul wool s. ln adj. de ln ~ bearer - animal productor de ln ~ clip - recolt / producie de ln (pe
sezon)

zcmnf) v.i. 1. a munci, a lucra; a avea de lucru 2. a funciona, a merge 3. (out) a corespunde, a fi corespunztor: a fi realizabil (despre un plan etc.) 4. (out at / to) a se ridica la, a totaliza (o
cifra)

~ growing - creterea oilor ~ hall - pia pentru ln; bursa lnei ~ pack - balot de ln ~ sorter - sortator de ln ~ staple pia / trg de ln ~ stapler - negustor de ln wool(l)en adj. de ln s. pl. confecii din ln ~ cloth - postav ~ draper - postvar ~ goods - articole / stofe de ln ~ manufacture - industria lnii word s. cuvnt v.t. a exprima; a redacta, a formula ~ book - dicionar; glosar ~ -for-word quotation - citat textual ~s and figures do not agree cuvintele nu corespund cifrelor (formulpe un cec etc.) wording s. redactare, fonnulare (a unui contract); completare (a unui cec) work s. 1. munc, lucru, activitate 2. pies; produs 3. prelucrare 4. pl. uzin adj. de munc / lucru v.t. 1. a fabrica, a confeciona; a prelucra 2. a pune n micare, a aciona, a manipula 3. a executa lucrri n (o regiune) 4. a exploata, a abata (un zcmnf) 5. (out) a rezolva (o problem); a ntocmi (un plan); a redacta (un document); a mbunti, a revizui; a epuiza (un

~ area - suprafa de lucru ~ at piece rates / by the job - munc n acord ~ at time rates - munc (pltit) pe unitatea de timp ~ by contract - antrepriz ~ by the day - munc cu ziua ~ cycle - ciclu de activitate ~ in process/progress - (con.) active n curs de fabricatie ~ load - norm (a unui salariat, a unui
serviciu etc.)

~ permit - permis de munc (intr-o

ar strina)

~ report - raport de activitate ~ shift - schimb/tur de lucru ~ -to-rule - munc statutar, ncetinire a lucrului cu respectarea normelor (ca metod de presiune asupra conduceri) ~ s engineer - inginer de exploatare ~ s management - direcie de exploatare; administraie a uzinei; direcie a antierului, conducere a lucrrilor ~ s manager - director de uzin ~ s railway - cale ferat uzinal workability s. 1. aplicabilitate 2. utilitate, folos 3. capacitate de a fi prelucrat; uzinabilitate workable adj. 1. aplicabil, fezabil (despre un plan etc.) 1. prelucrabil; uzinabil 3. exploatabil (despre mine) workday s. zi de lucru / lucrtoare worked adj. prelucrat; exploatat worker s. 1. muncitor, lucrtor 2. pl. echip; efectiv, personal

WOR

361

~ director - ef (membru n consiliul de administraie) al serviciului de personal ~ participation coparticipare (participare a muncitorilor la beneficii sau la luarea deciziilor n ntreprinderea n care lucreaz) working adj. 1. muncitor, activ; n activitate 2. de lucru; de exploatare; de functionare 3. activ, n vigoare 4. care functioneaz, n funciune s. 1. munc, lucru, activitate 2. funcionare; prelucrare; exploatare 3. lucrare minier, abataj ~ account - (cont.) cont de calculare a profitului brut ~ agreement - acord de colaborare ~ capacity - capacitate util; capacitate de lucru / prelucrare ~ capital - capital de lucru, fond de rulment ~ cargo - caric / ncrctur de tranzit ~ class - clasa muncitoare ~ coeffcient - coeficient de exploatare ~ conditions - condiii de munc control - control operativ (decurgnd din deinerea a 51% din aciunile uneifirme} ~ costs - costuri de exploatare ~ day - zi lucrtoare; timp de lucru, ore de producie director director angajat permanent ~ effciency - productivitate a muncii ~ expenses - cheltuieli de exploatare / generale ~ hours - ore lucrtoare / de producie, timp de lucru ~ life - durat de fiincionare / exploatare; perioad de activitate ~ load - sarcin util de lucru

~ material - materie prim ~ partner - comanditat ~ party - comisie de lucru ~ population - populaie activ ~ season - campanie / sezon de lucru ~ service / time - durat de serviciu / exploatare / functionare ~ shift - schimb / tur de lucru ~ standard - etalon de lucru / verificare ~ week - sptmn de lucru - year - an de producie workman s. muncitor workmanship s. 1. calificare, abilitate profesional 2. execuie, executare workpeople s. muncitori workroom s. camer de lucru; atelier; laborator workshop s. 1. atelier; secie (intr-o uzin); atelier de reparaii 2. grup, seminar; atelier de lucru, cerc (de studii, discuii) 3. atelier, studio {de
teatru}

world s. lume adj. mondial, universal ~ commerce / trade - comert mondial -- economy - economie mondial ~ exhibition - expozitie universal ~ fair - trg universal ~ market - pia mondial ~ market prices - preuri mondiale ~ money - valut intemaional (yalut forte acceptat n schimburile internaionale) ~ shipping - (mar.) flot mondial; tonaj mondial ~ -wide - mondial, universal, rspndit n lumea ntreag worth adj. care valoreaz, valornd; care cost / are preul de s. valoare, pre to be ~ little - a valora puin to be ~ much - a valora mult

362

worthless adj. far valoare wrap v.t. (i ~ up) a mpacheta wrapper s. 1. nvelitoare 2. ambalator, mpachetator ~ sheet - foaie de hrtie de ambalaj wrapping s. 1. mpachetare 2. material de mpachetat ~ machine - main de mpachetat ~ paper - hrtie de mpachetat writ s. (dr.) citaie; somaie; ordonan ~ of attachment - ordin de sechestru ~ of execution - titlu executoriu ~ of summons - citaie, notificare de actiune judectoreasc write v.t. 1. a scrie; a redacta 2. a completa (un cec) 3. (down) (cont.) a subevalua (un activ); a scrie, a nota, a nregistra 4. (off) (cont.) a anula (o datorie), a trece (p datorie) la pierderi; a amortiza 5. (out) a scrie, a completa (un cec); a ntocmi (un raport) 6. (up) (cont.) a supraevalua (un activ) v.i. (in)
WOR-WRO

a se adresa unei firme (pentru o comanda) ~ -down - subevaluare (a unui activ) ~ -off - anulare (a unei datori); amortizare ~ -up - supraevaluare (a unui activ) writing s. 1. scriere; scris 2. document, nscris ~ -down allowance - (con.~) reducere (a impozitelor) prin amortizare ~ materials - rechizite de birou ~ paper - hrtie de scris / concept ~ set - gamitur de birou wrongful adj. nedrept; nejustificat ~ dishonour - refuz nejustificat de onoare (a unui cec, a unei cambii) ~ dismissal - concediere nejustificat/ injust wrought adj. 1. lucrat, fasonat 2. nflorat (despre esturi) 3. forjat ~ iron - fier forjat

x
xerography .s. xerografie
xerox ."?. xerox v.t. a xeroxa, a multiplica la xerox

Y
Yankees s. pl. aciuni ale societilor din SUA yard 5'. 1. curte; depozit, magazie 2. antier naval 3. (c.f.) depou; parc de vagoane; staie de triaj 4. yard, iard (unitate de msur pentru lungime) ~ craft - (SUA) ambarcaie portuar; rnijloc plutitor portuar ~ goods - mrfuri textile cu metraj n bucat ~ line - linie de depou ~ locomotive locomotiv de manevr ~ lumber - material lemnos depozitat /
uscat (CM umiditate normal)

~ repair ship / vessel - atelier plutitor de reparaii ~ track - cale ferat uzinal yardage s. 1. numr sau lungime exprimat n iarzi; metraj 2. cheltuieli de depozitare 3. plat n acord pe iard de naintare (in min) ~ indicator / recorder - indicator / contor de distan parcurs n iarzi yardman s. lucrtor n staia de triaj yardmaster s. ef de staie / gar; ef de triaj / manevr yardstick s. etalon, linie (rigl de msur de un iard) year s. an ~ bill - (SUA) certificat de trezorerie cu scadent la 12 luni

~ - end adjustment - ajustare (a conturilor) la sfritul anului (in vederea ncheierii bilanulu) yearbook s. anuar yearling adj. de un an s. pl. obligaiuni cu scadena peste un an {mprumut municipal) ~ bond - obligaiune cu scadena peste unan yearly adj., adv. anual ~ income - venit anual yellow adj. galben ~ -dog contract - (SUA) contract de munc prin care muncitoml se oblig s nu intre n nici un sindicat, sub pedeapsa rezilierii contractului ~ goods - (,SUA) produse de culoare galben (bunuri de consum mai scumpe, care se schimb la intervale mari de timp) ~ pages - pagini galbene / naionale (anuar care cuprinde adresele tuturor instituiilor i societilor comerciale) yield s. 1. (/n.) randament; produc-tivitate; grad de valorifcare, eficien 2. recolt v.t. 1. a produce, a da, a scoate (o recolt) 2. a aduce un randa-ment de (attea procente) 3. a livra v.i. 1. a produce, a da randament 2. a aduce profit, a fi profitabil ~ capacity productivitate

~ curve - curba randamentului (graficul relaiei dintre randamentele i maturitile diferitelor emisiuni de titluri de valoare) - gap - (bur.) decalaj de randament (diferena dintre randamentul mediu al aciunilor comune i cel al titlurilor de valoare deprima clas) ~ mix - ansamblu de elemente care afecteaz randamentul

~ on investment - randament al investiiei - to call - randament pn la revocare (rata dobnzii obinute la o obligaiune dacd este retras nainte de maturitate) ~ to maturity - randament pn la maturitate (rata dobnzii obinute la o obligaiune dac este pstrat pna la maturitate)

zero s. zero ~ -based budgeting - calculare a bugetului pe baz zero (metod de alctuire a bugetului, care pleac de la premisa unui buget nexistent n anul precedent) ~ coupon bond - obligaiune cu cupon zero ~ economic growth - cretere economic zero ~ -rated - cu tax zero (m sistemul
TVA)

~ sum - (fin.) sum nul (set de tranzacii n care profiturile ctigtorilor sunt egale cu pierderile nectigtorilor)

z
~ - sum economy - economie cu sum zero (economie n care nu se nregistreaz nici o cretere, venitul unei persoane putnd s creasc numai prin scderea venitului alteia) zonal adj. zonal, mprtit n zone zonation s. zonare, zonificare zone s. zon, regiune v.t. a zonifica, a mprti n zone ~ price plan - sistem zonal de preuri ~ pricing - stabilire a unor preuri difereniate pe zone ~ tariff- tarif (yamal) zonal zoom v.i. (i ~ up) a crete brusc (despre preuri)