Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OF
tfcxte
jmrt
tudiw.
No.
XXXI.
THE
SWACCHANDA=TANTRA
WITH COMMENTARY
BY
KSHEMARAJA.
EDITED WITH NOTES
BY
f>ANDlT
M. A., M. o.
L.,
STATE,
Sir
G. C.
I.
E.,
BOMBAY
1921.
t
1
AT THE 'NlKNAYA-SAGAR
PRESS.
869005
II
II
3*
).
Printed by
Ramchandra Yesu
23,
Nirnaya-sagar' Press
A.,M.
o. L,,
Jammu
SRIS\VACCHANDA*TANTRAM,
PREFACE,
1 present edition of the Swacchanda-Tantram " " is based on collation of the \vith the Uddyota
The
following manuscripts:
Belongs to Pandita Raja Ram S'astri, late Principal of the Rajakiya Pathas'ala, Srinagar. The Ms. is an old one and written out on old Kashmiri
A.
paper in S'arada character. It is generally correct. A copy of the same by Pandita Sridhara Gadaroo, who
formerly worked in this
this
office,
lies in
the Library of
Department.
B. This was written out by Rajanaka Ratnakantha in 1608 Anno S'aka as is manifest from the
It is very of the first Patala. old and Kaula Sahib of Pandita Kantha belongs to Purushayar, Character, old S'arada. Paper, Srinagar, Kashmir.
colophon
1.
The
Calcutta
Honourable Sir John Woodroffe of the High Court was found by my predecessor to use
the edition of this book prepared by this Department, and Pandita Kara Bhatta, a Pandita of this Department, was suspected to have given him assistance by way of supplying
him with the edited text of this Department. But the Home Minister, Jammu and Kashmir State, after instituting full enquiries in the matter, record in this office.
2.
dropped
it
for reasons
on
(
*'.
f^fic^t
e
;
^T
*<?TJFi'3
^T
TO^rflM
5^<:
been copied by
in
i. e.
Has
II
PREFACE.
Leaves, worm-eaten and repaired here and
is
Kashmiri.
there.
The Ms.
Slips
bound
in
leather
and
carefully
preserved. herein.
C.
of pen
are
occasionally
met
with
This Ms. belongs to Pandita Lasa Dutta of It is written out on Kashmiri paper in Srinagar. S'arada character. It does not seem to be very
old
in
the book.
for the press the Pandits as have, usual, contributed their Department mite to make the edition really useful and interesting
Tantram
of this
by
their
Sanskrit
learned labour and scholarly help for the knowing public, especially for those who are
lore.
For
this
my
heartfelt thanks.
The English
staff
they too
has similarly won my thanks as it has in every way facilitated the preparation of the book for the Press.
MADHUSUOAN HAUL.
SRNSWACCHANDA--TANTRAM,
INTRODUCTION.
Introductory.
The Swacchanda-Tantram
initiates into the secret
is
worship of Ayhora, the Right 1 Unlike Mrgendra & Matanga, Tantras of the Dakshindchdra where the doctrines discussed are understood to represent the
mouth
of the Swacdianda-Lhairava.
dualistic school of philosophy, the Swacchanda-Tantra adheres to the purely monistic side or the Adwaita System of the Saiva Philosophy and is considered to be one of the best authorities on the Saivaistic Initiation
or
(
Siva
Dikshd,
)
its
cheif
The very name of the Updsand book indicates its inborn tendency towards the pure monism which, to distinguish it from other systems of
and
ritual (
Kriyd ).
philosophy,
may
safely
system of Kashmir.
1
Swacchanda-Bhairava
Is'dna,
ia
five
Tatpurusha,
Purva Vaktra, Pas'chimo, Fakira, Dakshiya Vaktra, & Vdma Vaktra) which are the symbols of His fivefold glory i. e. The same divine Chit, A'nanda, Icchd, Jndna & Kriyd.
faces
&
Swacchanda
S'aivaisra,
is
possessed of
Swdtantrya or
keynote of the
Kashmir
IV
INTRODUCTION,
Trika System.
of Kashmir seems to be very old and only a few vestiges reminiscent of its predominant influence in the past are found lingering in some of the
families in
Kashmir.
is
system has been peculiarised by its native tendency to discuss doctrines and practices in the light of pure monism and consequently to emphasise the difference
in
its
outlook
from
those
of
other
philosophical
systems which teach ttoe^eternal Saiva faith in the aspects of Bheda ( diversity ) and Bheddbheda ( diversityin-unity ).
regarded as an
It takes the form of a dialogue Bhairava, Perusal of a few introductory verses leads us to understand that the present Tantra is an abstract of the original Swacchanda Tantra
man
authorship.
between Devi
&
which
have been a very voluminous Tantra 1 consisting of a hundred crore of verses and consequently
is
said to
baffling the
Iron
power of study by men particularly in the Age wherein shortlivedness, penury, and mental
prevail,
Commentary.
only commentary now available on the Swacchand-Tantram is known by the name of
The
INTRODUCTION.
"Uddyota". That there were several commentaries on the Tantram in question before is evidenced by a few allusions confronted with here and there in the volume of the book. The first reference that we come across on page 4, Patala II of the Smicchanda Tantra,
viz., (
commentary on the Tantra without any mention either of its name or the author. Further on, we find the second reference
of another
etc.,
^ T%^*farftnfTn:
convinces
leaf
119,
Ms.
B,
Pat. X.) which, in plain terms, gives us the name of one of the commentaries anterior to the " Uddyota"
as Vrhat Tikd, at the
Bhullaka Edjdnaka.
Xo
of
definite
Vrhattika.
compositions
far
different
dications induce us to believe that profane meanings were given to the hallowed sentences by the followers of the dualistic systems of S'aiva Philosophy, ( Cf. the references on pages 75 and 72 of the II Patala). Other commentaries, to all intents and purposes, seem to have run on the dualistic lines though there is no
confession made by Kshemaraja thereabout. The commentaries most probably did exist during his time, but neither of them is to be had at present.
explicit
The Author
The author
Kshemaraja
in
of the Uddyota.
as
the
beginning
of
the
in
commentary,
.
which
is
The commentary
explains the
moot points
VI
INTRODUCTION;
were commented upon on the lines of dualism nay a triad pluralism, the corroboration whereof is made by of verses at the end of the commentary (Uddyota), which runs as under:
I.
ii.
ill.
I.
"The
venerable
brook the
dualistic interpretation.
opposed
the
People, under the inebriation due to constant imbibing of the dualistic view, do fail to perceive the Reality in the nature of the free and pure Chit.
III.
It
is,
commentary
called
Uddyota (lit. blaze of light), surcharged, as it is, with the ambrosia of pure monism, is here undertaken to remove the dark notions that hang about as a result of
the dualistic interpretations handed
down
to us.
Kshemaraja's Parentage.
veil
of mystery
Kshemardja.
From
the
1XTUODUCTIOX,
Vivrti
this
VII
on Stawachintdmani
it
Xo.
of
the series of
Department),
is
Vijaycs'wara, the modern Bijbiftdra ( in Kashmiri Vyajibror ), a town about thirty miles off Srinagar on the eastern side, where he, being once requested, or rather
encouraged by one S'tirdditya, son of one Gundditya, commented upon Ndrdyana Bhatta's Stawachintdmani. No mention of Silrdditya alluded to above has been
made
in
the
fact
suggests that he had, presumably, done thing to attract the notice of the historian
or no-
Kalhana and
Date of Kshemaraja.
to exercise his brain very much in with the problem of the time of Kshemaraja, grappling as it will be at once got at by catching hold of the fact that he feels proud to share the honour of pupilage to
as ad-
Xth
hands, lived either in the latter half of or in the early part of the Xlth century A. D.
full
attention to the
works of Kshemaraja
are:
2 )
VIII
INTRODUCTION
(4) Parapraves'ika. ( 5 ) Swacchandoddyota.
6 ) Vijfianabhairavoddyota. (7) Netra-Uddyota. ( 8 ) Pratyabhijna Hrdaya.
(
10
Another work namely Tattwa sandoha viz., ( ShatTrimsattattwa sandoha) has been ascribed to Kshemardja by Mr. J. C. Chatterji (see his Kashmir 'SaivaismP ag e 35) which seems to be open to objection, as several quotations from the Dipika (Comm. on Yogini Hrdaya by Amitananda Natha, pupil to Punya-nanda Natha ) on Yogini Hrdaya, clearly entitle Amitananda Natha to the authorship of the book in question.
Tantram
consists
of
fifteen
Patalas
or
No
sense of
harmony seems
to have ad-
equately been used in the arrangement of the chapters as some of them are imp roportionally lengthy while the others are very small. The names of the Patalas
are given below, each ject it deals with:
(1) *T*?teTC:
I
(2) ar^frffrc:!
(3)
(6)
(7)
(8)
INTRODUCTION,
(11)
IX
(12)
vTK1Tf^*J
TORT
(15)
Conclusion,
In
best
fine,
the Swacchanda-Tantram
S'astras.
is
one of the
discussed
Mantra
therein can be apprehended only with the aid of the best S'aiva Teachers of the Valley. What with its fascinating treatment of the Ritual or S'aivaistic Initiation,
Mantra
the
what with its description of charms and the and lastly, what with its dealings with and wondrous powers of the Yoga, occult
S'akti,
Swacchanda-Tantra ranks high among other Tantras as it chiefly aims at the realization of the Adwaita Tattwa or the height of spirituality which is but an
unalloyed
bliss.
3rd
NmT^o.}
MADHUSUDAN KAUL.
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