CCNA Routing & Switching

Chapter 4

Subnetting IPv4 and VLSM

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND -1

IP Addressing
32 Bits
Dotted
Decimal

Network

16 17

255
24 25

32

11111111 11111111

11111111 11111111
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1

8 9

255

128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1

Binary

255

255

Maximum

Host

Example
172
16
122
204
Decimal
Example 10101100 00010000 01111010 11001100
Binary
2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-2

IP Address Classes

8 Bits

Class A:

Network

8 Bits

8 Bits

8 Bits

Host

Host

Host

Host

Host

Class B:

Network Network

Class C:

Network Network Network

Class D:

Multicast

Class E:

Research

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Host

Network Engineering IND-3

IP Address Classes

Bits:

Class A:
Bits:

Class B:
Bits:

Class C:
Bits:

Class D:

8 9

0NNNNNNN

16 17

24 25

Host

Host

32

Host

Range (1-126)
1

8 9

10NNNNNN

16 17
Network

Range (128-191)
1
8 9
110NNNNN

Host

16 17
Network

Range (192-223)
1
8 9
1110MMMM

24 25
Host

24 25

Network
16 17

32

32
Host

24 25

32

Multicast Group Multicast Group Multicast Group

Range (224-239)

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-4

Host Addresses

172.16.2.2

10.1.1.1
10.6.24.2
E1

172.16.3.10

E0
172.16.2.1

10.250.8.11

172.16.12.12

172.16
Network

12 . 12
Host

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

10.180.30.118

Routing Table
Network
Interface
172.16.0.0

E0

10.0.0.0

E1
Network Engineering IND-5

Determining Available Host Addresses

Network

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

...

...

10101100 00010000 00000000 00000001

00000000 00000010
00000000 00000011

N
1
2
3
...

16

16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

172

Host

11111111 11111101
11111111 11111110
11111111 11111111

65534
65535
65536
2

2N 2 = 216 2 = 65534

65534
Network Engineering IND-6

IP Address Classes Exercise

Address

Class

Network

Host

10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64

192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-7

IP Address Classes Exercise Answers

Address

Class

10.2.1.1

10.0.0.0

0.2.1.1

128.63.2.100

128.63.0.0

0.0.2.100

201.222.5.64

201.222.5.0

0.0.0.64

192.6.141.2

192.6.141.0

0.0.0.2

130.113.64.16

130.113.0.0

0.0.64.16

256.241.201.10

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network

Host

Nonexistent

Network Engineering IND-8

Addressing Without Subnets

172.16.0.1 172.16.0.2 172.16.0.3

172.16.255.253 172.16.255.254
...

172.16.0.0

Network 172.16.0.0
2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-9

Addressing with Subnets

172.16.3.0

172.16.4.0

172.16.1.0

172.16.2.0

Network 172.16.0.0
2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-10

Subnet Addressing

172.16.2.200

172.16.3.5
172.16.3.1
E1

172.16.2.2

E0
172.16.2.1

172.16.3.100

172.16.2.160

172.16
Network

172.16.3.150

2 . 160

New Routing Table

Network
Interface

Host

172.16.0.0

E0

172.16.0.0

E1

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-11

Subnet Addressing

172.16.2.200

172.16.3.5
172.16.3.1
E1
E0
172.16.2.1

172.16.2.2

172.16.3.100

172.16.2.160

172.16
Network

172.16.3.150

160

Subnet Host

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

New Routing Table

Network
Interface
172.16.2.0

E0

172.16.3.0

E1
Network Engineering IND-12

Subnet Mask Exercise

Address

Subnet Mask

172.16.2.10

255.255.255.0

10.6.24.20

255.255.240.0

10.30.36.12

255.255.255.0

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Class

Subnet

Network Engineering IND-13

Subnet Mask Exercise Answers

Address

Subnet Mask

Class

Subnet

172.16.2.10

255.255.255.0

172.16.2.0

10.6.24.20

255.255.240.0

10.6.16.0

10.30.36.12

255.255.255.0

10.30.36.0

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-14

Broadcast Addresses

172.16.3.0

172.16.4.0

172.16.1.0
172.16.2.0

172.16.3.255
(Directed Broadcast)

255.255.255.255
(Local Network Broadcast)
172.16.255.255
(All Subnets Broadcast)
2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND-15

CCNA Routing & Switching

Chapter 4

The End

2006 Commsupport Networks. All rights reserved.

Network Engineering IND -16