Avwg Avjvn cvK Gi KvQ Awfk kqZvbi

IqvmIqvmv _K Avkq PvwQ|







Avwg cig Kibvgq `qvkxj Avjvn cvK Gi bvg i KiwQ|

KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ- Gi ghv`v, gvnvZ I dhxjZ

.

mg cksmv mB gnvb Avjvn iveyj Avjvgxb Gi Rb wbew`Z whwb Avgv`iK KziAvb kixd
wZjvIqvZ wkv w`qQb Ges Bikv` KiQb,

O

O

A_t cig `qvjy ( Avjvn cvK ) whwb (Avcb nvexe Qjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvgK) KziAvb kixd wkv w`qQb| (myiv Avi& ingvb/1-2)

egvi mjvZ I mvjvg Avjvn cvK Gi nvexe mvBwq`yj gyimvjxb, Bgvgyj gyimvjxb, LvZvgyb
bvwewqb, kvdxDj gyh&wbexb, ingvZzwjj Avjvgxb, b~i gyRvm&mvg Ryi cvK mjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvgi wL`gZ, whwb Bikv` Kib,

A_t Zvgv`i ga mevg ew mB whwb KziAvb kixd Gi Zvjxg Mnb

Kib Ges KziAvb kixd Gi Zvjxg `b| (eyLvix kixd, wgkKvZ kixd)

gyjZt KziAvb kixd gnvb Avjvn cvK Gi Kvjvg| gnvb Avjvn cvK Gi hic ghv`v-gZev, Zvi
Kvjvg KziAvb kixd GiI iqQ ghv`v, gvnvZ I dhxjZ|
Qnxn& fve ZvRfx` Abyhvqx KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ ev cvV Kivi ga Akl dRxjZ I
eiKZ iqQ, Aciw`K KziAvb kixd Gi GKwU nidI hw` A ev ZvRfx`i wLjvd ev
wecixZ cvV Kiv nq Ze QIqvei cwieZ bvn& GgbwK wekl Kzdix ch cQvi
mvebvI iqQ|
ZvRfx`i mv_ KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ Kivi Kzg ^qs Avjvn cvK AbK AvqvZB KiQb|
hgb- gnvb Avjvn cvK m~iv gyh&hvwj-Gi 4 bs AvqvZ kixd ejb-

A_t KziAvb kixdK ZviZxji mwnZ I c_K c_Kfve Ki cvV

Kib|

Avjvn cvK m~iv dzi&Kvbi 32 bs AvqvZ kixd Bi&kv` Kib-

A_t Avwg KziAvb kixd ZviZxji mwnZ (_g _g) cvV Ki bvqwQ|
m~iv BDmydi 3 bs AvqvZ kixd gnvb Avjvn cvK Aviv ejb-

A_t wbq Avwg KziAvb kixd AeZxY KiwQ Aviex fvlvq|

G cmsM gnvb Avjvn cvK m~iv ebx BmvBj Gi 106 bs AvqvZ kixd Aviv ejb-

A_t Avwg KziAvb kixdK hwZ wPmn c_K c_Kfve wZjvIqvZ Kivi
DchvMx KiwQ hvZ Avcwb GK jvK`i wbKU axi axi cvV Kib Ges
Avwg GK h_vh_fve bvwhj KiwQ|

DcwiD AvqvZmg~ni mvigg njv-cwe KziAvb kixd ZvRfx`i mv_, axi-wifve _g

_g, hfve Avjvn cvK bvwhj KiQb, wVK mfve A_vr Aviex fvlvi Kvq`v Abyhvqx Qnxn&, my`i I Ki cvV Kiv|
G cmsM nv`xm kixd Bikv` nqQ-

A_t nhiZ hvBdv ivwqvjv ZvAvjv Avb nZ ewYZ, mvBwq`yj

gyimvjxb, Bgvgyj gyimvjxb, Ryi cvK mjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejb,
Zvgiv Aviex jvnvb I AvIqvR KziAvb kixd cvV Ki|(wgkKvZ kixd)

ZvRfx` Abyhvqx ZviZxji mv_ KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ Kiv diR| ZvB ZvRfx` wkv Kiv
cZKi RbB diR I IqvwRe|
nv`xm kixd Bikv` nqQ-

A_t Ggb AbK KziAvb kixd cvVKvix AvQ hv`i Dci jvbZ elY Ki,
A_vr ZvRfx` Abyhvqx mnxn&-fve KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ bv Kivi
KviY Zv`i Dci jvbZ ewlZ nq|

GQvovI A KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ bvgvR evwZj nIqvi AbZg KviYI eU| A_P bvgvR
ev`vi Bev`vZmg~ni ga GKwU iZc~Y Bev`vZ| h bvgvR mK gnvb Avjvn cvK Kvjvg
cvK Bikv` Kib-

A_t H mKj gywgbivB mdjZv jvf KiQ, hviv Ly-Lyhyi mv_ bvgvR
Av`vq KiQ |

Avi G cmsM nv`xm kixd Bikv` nqQ- mvBwq`yj gyimvjxb, Bgvgyj gyimvjxb, Ryi cvK
mjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejb,

( ) -

A_tbvgvR xbi LuywU, h ew bvgvR Kvwqg Kijv, m ew xb Kvwqg

ivLjv| Avi h ew bvgvR ZiK Kijv m ew xb asm Kijv|

myZivs G bvgvRK hw` mnxn& fve Av`vq KiZ nq, Ze AekB Ki wKiAvZ cvV
KiZ ne| A_vr ZvRfx` Abyhvqx mnxn&-fve KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ KiZ ne|
KziAvb kixd wZjvIqvZ Kivi ga iqQ AmsL dvq`v I dwhjZ| h hZ ekx KziAvb kixd
wZjvIqvZ Kie m ZZ ekx dvq`v cve| gnvb Avjvn cvK Gi iRvg`x nvwmj KiZ cvie|
GUvB me gyL Dk nIqv PvB| G cmsM Avjvn cvK Bikv` Kib-

A_t Avjvn cvK-Gi mwB mePq eo|(m~iv ZvIevn/72)

Avjvn cvK Aviv Bikv` Kib-

A_t hw` Zviv gywgb nq _vK, Ze Zv`i `vwqZ I KZe njv, Zviv hb
Avjvn cvK I Zvi nvexe,mvBwq`yj gyimvjxb, Bgvgyj gyimvjxb, Ryi cvK
mjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK m Ki|Kbbv ZvivB mw cvIqvi
mgwaK nK`vi|(m~iv ZvIevn/62)

gnvb Avjvn cvK Avgv`i mKjK ZvRfx` I ZviZxji mv_, mnxn& I fve cwe KziAvb
kixd wZjvIqvZ Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kib| (Avgxb)
weigvwZ mvBwqw`j gyimvjxb|

nid Zvnvx ev Aviex eYgvjv

Rxg

dv

Qv

Zv

` vj

hvj

kxb

MCb

gxg

Bqv

AvCb

jvg

mxb

Kvd

nvghvn

Avwjd

ev

m`

``

b~b

nv

nv

hv

Kd

IqvI

`wL me cvwi wKbv

GB 29 wU nidK Pvi cwZZ coZ nqt

1. c_g
_ K
ch|
2.
_K
ch|
3. Wvb _K evg Ges evg _K Wvb|
4. Dci _K wbP Ges wbP _K Dci|

Aviex iyd Gi wewfb UxKv

Avwjd hei, hi, ck Rhg nq bv|

wkvt Avwjd hei, hi, ck Rhg nBj H

Avwjd memgq Lvwj _vK t

Avwjdi QziZ nvghvn

AvwjdK nvghvn ej|

gvLivR wkvt()
gvLivR t
nid DPviYi vbK gvLivR ej| Aviex nidi gvLivR 17 wU t

msw gvLivRt
nidi aiY

msLv

nid mg~n

nid nvjKx (


)

6wU

nid kvdfx (


)

4wU

nid IqvmZx (

18wU

gyLi Lvwj RvqMv nZ g`i

nidi AvIqvR cov nq
)

g`i

nid 3wU

bvKi evuwk nBZ bvn (

)
DPvwiZ nq Ges AvIqvR GK
Avwjd cwigvb j^v Ki coZ
nq|

-
-

gvLivRi cqvRbxqZvt
Bjg ZvRfx`& I gvLivR Rvbv bv _vKj wekl Kzdix nq hZ cvi Ges bvgvR
dvm` nZ cvi|hgbt

, mg cksmv Avjvn&i Rb|

, mg wQov Kvco Avjvn&i Rb| (bvDhywejvn)

, ejyb, wZwb Avjvn& GKK| , GKK Avjvn& K LvI| (bvDhywejvn)

, mvwbZ|

, AcgvwbZ|

, Avjvn Qvov Kvb Bjvn bvB|

,AekB Avjvn eZxZ Bjvn AvQ| (bvDhywejvn)

7

gvLivR mg~ni weeiY

3. -
njKi (Kbvjxi) kl
nBZ

2. -
1. -
njKi (Kbvjxi) gaLvb njKi (Kbvjxi) i
nBZ
nBZ hvnv wmbvi w`K
AvQ|

6. --
5.
wRnvi gaLvb Zvi eivei wRnvi Mvovi GKUz AvM
Dcii Zvjyi m jvwMq evwoq Zvi eivei Dcii
Zvjyi m jvwMq
9.
8.
wRnvi AvMvi wKbviv Zvi
wRnvi AvMv Zvi eivei
Dcii Zvjyi m jvwMq eivei Dcii Zvjyi m
jvwMq
12.
wRnvi AvMv mvgbi
Dcii `yB `vuZi AvMvi
m jvwMq
15.
`yB VuvU nBZ;` yB
VuvUi wfRv Ask, ` yB
VuvUi Kbv Ask nZ
DPvwiZ nq| -
DPviYi mgq `yB VuvU
wgk hvq, wK DPviYi
mgq `yB VuvUi gvSLvb
duvK _vK|

4.
wRnvi Mvov Zvi eivei
Dcii Zvjyi m jvwMq

11.
wRnvi AvMv mvgbi
Dcii `yB `vZui Mvovi
m jvwMq

7.
wRnvi Mvovi (evg
cvki) wKbviv,Dcii
gvwoi `vuZi Mvovi m
jvwMq
10.
wRnvi AvMvi DvwcV Zvi
eivei Dcii Zvjyi m
jvwMq

14.
bxPi VvuUi cU mvgbi
Dcii `yB `vuZi AvMvi
m jvwMq

13.
wRnvi AvMv mvgbi bxPi
`yB `vuZi AvMvi m
jvwMq

17.


bvKi evuwk nBZ bvn
DPvwiZ nq (bvn A_
bvKvIqvR)

16.

hLb - -
g`i Ai wnmve eeZ
nq ZLb AvIqvRUvK
gyLi Lvwj RvqMv nZ
DPviY Ki coZ nq|

KwZcq nidi DPviYi cv_Kt

Z.-gvUv DPviY,

Zvv-wPKb DPviY

n.vv njKi gaLvb nBZ,

Rxg-k I gReyZ AvIqvR,

AvIqvR Ki

hvvj-wPKb DPviY,

nvv-njKi i nBZ
hvv- cvwLi gZ wdm wdm

-
-
-

R.-gvUv DPviY

K.-d-gvUv DPviY, Kvv-d-wPKb DPviY

` vv-j wRnvi AvMv nBZ cvZjv AvIqvR, ` .-`-wRnvi Mvov

nZ gvUv AvIqvR

IqvI-`yB VuvU Mvj Kwiqv, gx-g-`yuB VuvUi Kbv RvqMv nZ,

evv-`yB VuvUi wfRv RvqMv nZ

njKi (Kbvjxi) gaLvb nZ, njKi (Kbvjxi) i nZ,

wRnvi gaLvb + Dcii Zvjy nZ

Q.vv-big DPviY, mx-b wPKb DPviY, m.-`-gvUv DPviY

ZvRfx`
we Ki KziAvb coZ hme wbqg `iKvi nq m mg wbqg KvbybK ZvRfx` ejv nq|
KziAvb kixd wefve covi Rb hme welq `iKvi nq t
id cwiPq, niKZ, Zvbfxb, mvwKb, Zvk`x` BZvw` wkL wbqwgZ Abykxjb KiZ nq|
nidt Aviex fvlv wjLZ coZ hme wP eenvi nq mmg wPK id ejv nq|
id A_ Ai mg~n, id eePb, GKePb nvi&d, Aviex nid 29 wU|

Bwjvi mvZ nidt

( msc=


) h nid DPviY Kivi mgq wRnv
Dci Zvjyi w`K DwZ nq ZvK nid Bwjv ej| id Bwjv memgq gvUv Ki
coZ nq|
hgbt

Qwdivn&i wZb nidt

PoB cvwLi kK Qdxi ej| h nid DPviY Kivi mgq PoB cvwLi ki bvq
AvIqvR nq ZvK nid Qwdivn ej| id Qwdivn&i DPviY Zx Avi kxl `qvi gZ
k nq| hgbt

* A_ fyj cov| Bnv `yB cKvi|

1. jvnb Rjx (cKvk fyj) 2. jvnb Ldx (Mvcb fyj)
* KziAvb kixd coZ wMq

G fyj nj , GKwU nidi RvqMvq Ab nid coj ,
Kvb nid evwoq ev Kwgq coj , GB Pvi aiYi cKvk fyjK jvnb Rjx ejv nq|
*A_i cwieZb bv nq hw` m`h b nq, GB aiYi fyjK jvnb Ldx ejv nq|
10

gyivve
gyivve A_ wgjvbv, wgkvbv, jvMvbv, mshy Kiv | Wvbi nidK evgi nidi mv_
wgjvbvK gyivve ej|
Aviex nidmg~n 22 wU nid gyivve nq|
Gi mv_ 22 wU nidi gyivve Gi
D`vniY

evKx 7 wU nid gyivve nq bv |

DcwiDwjwLZ gyivve idi gvbymvi c~Yic 22 wU nid

AviexZ eeZ wewfb mvsKwZK wPni cwiPq

ck

hi

hei

`yB ck

`yB hi

`yB hei

Lvov hi

Lvov hei

IqvKd& (`vwou) weivg ev weiwZ

wP

Zvk`x`&

Rhg

iKz

Pvi Avwjd g`&

wZb Avwjd g`&

Dv ck

11

niKZ Gi cwiPq I eenvi

msv:
h mKj wPni mvnvh Aviex fvlvq eeZ eYmg~n DPvwiZ nq Zv`i awY wPn (^iwPn)
ev niKZ ej|
GK hei, GK hi, GK ck K niKZ ej|
ck I hei me`v Aviex eYi Dci Ges hi me`v eYi bxP eeZ nq|

niKZ DPviYi wbqg:

niKZ 3 wU|
1.( )heii DPviY v Gi gZ
2.( )hi Gi DPviY w Gi gZ
3.( )ck Gi DPviY y Gi gZ

niKZi Abykxjb
hei wewk nidi Abykxjbt
(Avwjd hei - Av, ev hei - ev, Zv hei - Zv,......................)

hi wewk nidi Abykxjbt
(Avwjd hi - B , ev hi - we, Zv hi - wZ,......................)

ck wewk nidi Abykxjbt
(Avwjd ck - D, ev ck - ey, Zv ck - Zz,........................)

12

niKZi mwwjZ Abykxjbt

(Avwjd hei - Av, Avwjd hi - B , Avwjd ck - D = Av B D.......)

hei wewk ki Abykxjbt
(Avwjd hei - Av, nv hei - nv, `vj& hei - `v = Avnv`v, ............)

hi wewk ki Abykxjbt
(ev hi - we, kxb hi - kx, iv hi - wi = wewkwi,
.........)

ck wewk ki Abykxjbt
(jvg ck- jy, Z. ck-Zz, dv ck- dz = jyZzdz,

.............)

13

k niKZi mwwjZ Abykxjbt

(IqvI hei- Iqv, mxb hi- wm, AvBb hei- Av = IqvwmAv,
.......)

niKZ DPviY cv_K t

Zvbfxb ( ) Gi cwiPq I eenvi

msv:
`yB hei, `yB hi, `yB ck K Zvbfxb ej| Zvbfxb Gi wfZi b~b& mvwKb ( )jywKq
iq| ( =
)
Zvbfxb DPviYi wbqg t
1.Zvbfxbi DPviY niKZi mv_ b& hvM KiZ nq|
2.`yB heii mv_ Avwjd _vKj Zv cov nq bv| GK img LZ& (

) ej|
img LZ A_ wjLvi wbqg AvQ wK cov nq bv| hgbt

3. .`yB heii mv_ Bqv _vKj ZvI cov hvq bv| GLvb Bqv img LZ&| hgbt

14

Zvbfxbi Abykxjb t
`yB hei wewk nidi Abykxjbt
(Avwjd `yB hei- Avb&, ev `yB hei- evb&, Zv `yB hei- Zvb&,............)

`yB hi wewk nidi Abykxjbt
(Avwjd `yB(hi- Bb&, ev `yB hi- web&, Zv `yB hi- wZb&,............)

`yB ck wewk nidi Abykxjbt

(Avwjd `yB ck- Db&, ev `yB - ck eyb&, Zv `yB ck - Zyb&,............)


`yB hei wewk ki Abykxjbt

(nv hei- nv, mxb hei- mv, `vj `yB hei- `vb& = nvmv`vb&.
............)

`yB hi wewk ki Abykxjbt

(Avwjd hei- Av, nv hei- nv, `vj `yB hi- w`b& = Avnvw`b&. ......)

15

`yB ck wewk ki Abykxjbt

(Lv ck- Ly, jvg ck- jy, Kvd `yB ck- Kyb& = LyjyKyb&.
) ......

`yB hei, `yB hi, `yB ck wewk ki Abykxjbt

) ............(Avwjd hei- Av, ev hei- ev, `vj `yB hei- `vb& = Avev`vb& ,

Zvbfxb DPviY cv_K t

16

hhg / m~Kzb Gi cwiPq I eenvi

cwiPq t
|) GB cZxK K hhg ej| hhg me`v nidi Dci eenZ nq (
hhgi KvR t
hhg Iqvjv nid Wvbi niKZi mv_ wgwjq GKevi coZ nq| hhg evsjv nmi gZ
|KvR Ki
hhg DPviY cv_K t
)(Avwjdev hei = Ave& , Avwjdev hi = Be& , Avwjdev ck = De& , ....

hhg wewk ki Abykxjb t

)........ (Avwjd-nv hi Bn& , `vj& hi w` = Bnw`,

17

KjKjvn
KjKjv A_ Ryw^k ev SvKzwb `qv, Kb Kiv, cwZawb Kiv|
h nidjv mvwKb Ges IqvKd Aevq DPviY KiZ Zv`i DPviY vbwU Ryw^k nq
GKUz AvIqvR cKvk cvq, Zv`iK id KjKjvn& ej|

KjKjv nid mg~n t

| G`iK GK

cov nq|
KjKjvi wbqg t
KjKjvi cvuPwU nidi KvbwUZ mvwKb ev IqvK&d nj cwZawbi mw Ki avv w`q
coZ nq| mB AvIqvRi mv_ mv_B KjKjvi nid wKwr hei w`Z nq| IqvKd
Aevq KjKjvn AwaK cwigvY Kiv DwPZ|
KjKjvn& 2 cKvi| h_vt 1) ki gvSLvb QvU KjKjvn, 2) IqvKd Aevq eo
KjKjvn|
nidi mv_ KjKjvi D`vniYt (Avwjd-Kvd hei = AvK&-K& , .........)

- D
- B
- Av

ki mv_ QvU KjKjvi D`vniYt

(mxb&-ev hei- mve&-e& , nv `yB hei- nvb& = mve&nvb& , ....)

ki mv_ IqvKd Aevq eo KjKjvi D`vniYt

(AvBb hi- B, Kvd-Avwjd hei- Kvvv, ev `yB ck- eyb& = BKvvve& , ......)y

18

nvg&Rvn& wQdvZ kv`x`vn&- Gi cwiPq I eenvi

nvg&Rvn& wQdvZ kv`x`vn& - AvIqvR kfve e Ki - nvg&Rvn&i Dci mvwKb nj AvIqvR

kfve e Ki DPviY KiZ nq| hgbt
(iv-nvgRvn& hei iv. , mxb `yB ck myb& = iv.myb&, .............)

jxb& Gi cwiPq I eenvi

jxb A_ big Ki ZvovZvwo cov|

nid jxb 2 wU| h_vt mvwKb, Wvb hei (
;) mvwKb, Wvb hei ( )
nid jxbi DPviY big Ki ZvovZvwo coZ nq|

jxb wewk ki Abykxjb t

19

Zvk`x` Gi cwiPq I eenvi

Zvk`x`i cwiPq t
( ) GB wPnK Zvk`x` ejv nq| Zvk`x`i ga GKwU mvwKb jywKq iq|
Zvk`x`i KvR t
Zvk`x`Iqvjv nid `yevi coZ nq| c_gevi Wvbi niKZi mv_ (mvwKbi gZ)
wZxqevi wbR niKZi mv_| hgbt
+
=

Zvk`x`i Avbykxjb t
(Avwjdev hei = Ave& ,ev hei- ev = Ave&ev, Avwjdev hei = Ave& , ev hi- we =
Ave&we, Avwjdev hei = Ave& , ev ck- ey = Ave&ey ,..........)

ki mv_ Zvk`x`i Avbykxjb t

(Zv-ev hei- Zve& ,ev-Zv hei- evZ& = Zve&evZ& ,
....)

20

bvn ()

ki A_ -bvKvIqvR| me aiYi
K GK Avwjd UvbZ nq|
KziAvb kixd wZb cKvii bvn AvQ|
1. IqvwRe bvn,
2. b~b& mvwKb I Zvbfxbi bvn,
3. gxg& mvwKbi bvn|
1.IqvwRe bvn:
IqvwRe bvn&i `yB nid - -
Ges Gi Dci Zvk`x`& _vKj Ges Dnvi AvMi nid hi, hei, ck _vKj )

(
G `ywU nidK AekB bvn Ki coZ ne| GK IqvwRe bvn ej|hgbt

( Avwjd-gxg hei Avg&, gxg& hei gv = Avg&gv; .......)

IqvwRe bvn& wewk ki Abykxjbt
( Avwjd-gxg hei Avg&, gxg&-byb& hei gvb& = Avg&gvb&;
.......)

2.b~b& mvwKb I Zvbfxbi bvn:

b~b& mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci G AvU nid eZxZ 20 nid Avmj bvn&
ne|


wevwiZ `Lybt byb& mvwKb I Zvbfxb Gi wbqgmg~n|

21

3.gxg& mvwKbi bvn:

gxg& mvwKbi evg Avmj bvn ne| evwK 26 nid bvn ne bv|

wevwiZ `Lybt gxg mvwKb Gi wbqgmg~n|

gv`&

( )

msv:
gv`& A_ j^v ev `xN Kiv|
Kvb nidK `xNvwqZ Ki ev Ub covK gv`& ej|
gv`i nid 3 wU t
()

1. Lvwj, Wvb hei| ( )

2. mvwKb , Wvb ck| ( )

3. mvwKb, Wvb hi| (
)

hgbt
-
- -
gv`i mvnvhKvix 3 wU
Lvov hei ( ), Lvov hi ( ), Dv ck ( )
gv`i Kzgi cwigvY t
GK Avwjd cwigvY nj1.`yBwU niKZ coZ h mgq jvM hgbt
+

=
+
=
+

=
2.GKwU mvRv AvyjK gag MwZZ e KiZ h mgq jvM Zv GK Avwjd|

22

gv`i cKvif` t
gv`& gvU 10 cKvi

G`iK 3 wU kYxZ fvM Kiv hvq t hgb t

1. GK Avwjd gv`& ( -
-

)
2.wZb Avwjd gv`& (

-

)
3.Pvi Avwjd gv`& (
-

GK Avwjd gv`&
K. gv` Zvevqx:(

)
Lvwj, Wvb hei ( ;) mvwKb, Wvb ck ( ;) mvwKb, Wvb hi (
) nj gv` Zvevqx ev gv` AvQjx ej|
GK 1 Avwjd Ub coZ nq|
k gv` Zvevqxi D`vniYt

Lvov heii QziZ gv` Zvevqxi D`vniYt

-

Lvov hii QziZ gv` Zvevqxi D`vniYt

-

Dv cki QziZ gv` Zvevqxi D`vniYt
-

23

Avwjd hvwq`vn&t
covi mgq coZ nqbv wjLvi mgq wjLZ nq, AwZwi mB AvwjdK Avwjd hvwq`vn&
ejv nq|
Avwjd hvwq`vn& Pbvi Rb Dci Mvj wPn iq|
ki AvwjdUvKI Avwjd hvwq`vn& ejv nq| GRb k Uvbv gvbv| covi wbqg

t
- - - GB k mg~n evZxZ evwK me Uvbv gvbv|
Avwjd hvwq`vi D`vniYt

L. gv` e`j:(
)
nvgRvi mv_ g` nj nj ZvK gv` e`j ej|
gv` AvQjx hw` KLbI nvgRvn&i mv_ nq, Zvi bvg gv` e`j| cKvk _vK h - nvgRvq
Lvov hei, Lvov hi, Dv ck nj gv` e`j nq|
GK 1 Avwjd Ub coZ nq|

M. gv` jxb&: ( )
nid jxb 2 wU| h_vt mvwKb, Wvb hei (
;) mvwKb, Wvb hei ( |)jxbi
nidi ci IqvK&di nvjZ mvwKb (AviRx mvwKb; gb gb aiv mvwKb) nj ZvK gv`
jxb ej|
GK 1 Avwjd Ub cov nq| ( 2 Avwjd, 3 Avwjd Ub cov hvq| 3 Avwjd Ub cov
Dg|)
gv` jxb wewk ki D`vniYt
o

24

wZb Avwjd gv`

gv` AviRx: (

)
gi nidi ci IqvK&di nvjZ mvwKb (AviRx mvwKb; gb gb aiv mvwKb) nj ZvK
gv` AviRx ej|
GK 3 Avwjd Ub coZ nq| 1-3 Avwjd Ub cov Rvwqh|
gv` AviRx wewk ki D`vniYt
o

gv` gybdvwmj: (

)
gv`i nidi ci wfb ki c_g Avmj ZvK gv` gybdvwmj ej|

gv`i evg j^v nvgRvn& ( ) - Ab ki c_g _vKj Zv gv` gybdvwmj nq|

1-4 Avwjd Ub cov Rvwqh| 4 Avwjd Ub cov Dg|
gv` gybdvwmj wewk ki D`vniYt

Pvi Avwjd gv`&

gv` gyvwmj:(

)
gv`i nidi ci GKB k Avmj ZvK gv` gyvwmj ej|

gv`i evg Mvj nvgRvn& ( ) - GKB k _vKj Zv gv` gyvwmj nq|

GK gv` IqvwRe I ejv nq|gv` gyvwmj 4 Avwjd Ub coZ nq|

25

gv` gyvwmj wewk ki D`vniYt

gv` jvhg: (
)
gv`i nidi ci jvhgx mvwKb (h mvwKb IqvK&d wKsev wgjvbv mevevq envj _vK)
Avmj ZvK gv` jvhg ej|
gv` jvhg Pvi cKvi:
1) h k coZ wMq gv`i evg mvwKb nq, gv` jvhg Kvjwg gyLvd&dvd (wZb
A_ev) Pvi Avwjd UvbZ nq|

2) h k coZ wMq gv`i evg nq, gv` jvhg Kvjwg gyQvvj (wZb A_ev) Pvi
Avwjd UvbZ nq|

-
-

3) h nid coZ wMq gv`i evg mvwKb nq, gv` jvhg niwd gyLvd&dvd (wZb
A_ev) Pvi Avwjd UvbZ nq|
=.
= .
= .
= .

= . = .
=

4) h nid coZ wMq gv`i evg Zvk`x`& nq, gv` jvhg niwd gyQvvj (wZb
A_ev) Pvi Avwjd UvbZ nq| A_ev jvg nidi evg, gxg _vKvi KviY jvg
nid evbvb Kij gvi evg Zvk`x`& nq, gv` jvhg niwd gyQvvj (wZb A_ev)
Pvi Avwjd UvbZ nq|


= .
=
AvCb nid evbvb, nid jxbi evg, AvQjx QvwKb cvIqv hvq| Bnv gv` jxb
jvhg, (wZb A_ev) Pvi Avwjd UvbZ nq|

= .

=

26

byb& mvwKb I Zvbfxbi Pvi wbqg

byb& mvwKb (
) I Zvbfxb ( ) K Pvi fvM fvM Kiv nqQ t

1. BKjve ( ) 2. Bhnvi (
) 3.B`Mvg ( ) 4.BL&dv (
)
1. BKjve ( )

BKjve A_ cwieZb Ki cov| BKjvei nid 1 wU t | b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci

Avmj D b~b mvwKb I ZvbfxbK viv cwieZb Ki (bvn mnKvi) coZ nq|

2. Bhnvi (
)
Bhnvi A_ Ki cov|
Bhnvii nid 6 wU t
b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci Bhnvii nid Avmj D b~b mvwKb I ZvbfxbK Ki
coZ nq|

3.B`Mvg ( )
B`Mvg A_ (Zvk`x` ai) wgwjq cov|
B`Mvgi nid 6 wU t ( msct
)

27

b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci B`Mvgi Kvb GKwU nid Avmj H b~b mvwKb I ZvbfxbK
cieZx ki c_g nidi mv_ (Zvk`x`& mn) wgwjq coZ nq|
B`Mvg `yB cKvi t
1.B`Mvg ev-bvn (bvn mn) t B`Mvg ev-bvni nid PviwUt
(msct
)

b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci Avmj b~b mvwKb I ZvbfxbK bvn&mn

Zvk`x` ai coZ nq|
(mvwKbi evg hw` Zvk`x`& Ai cvIqv hvq, mvwKb Ai ev` w`q Zvk`x`& Ai coZ
nq|)

wet `t
b~b mvwKbi ci B`Mvg ev-bvni nid GKB ki ga GKwZ nj BMvg Kiv hvqbv|
hgbt

2. B`Mvg e-bvn (bvn Qvov) t B`Mvg e-bvni nid `yBwUt ( msct

b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci Avmj b~b mvwKb I ZvbfxbK bvn& Qvov Zvk`x`
ai coZ nq|

4.BL&dv (
)t
BLdv A_ Mvcb Kiv,A Kiv|
BLdvi nid 15 wU t
-

28

b~b mvwKb I Zvbfxbi ci BL&dvi Kvb GKwU nid Avmj D b~b mvwKb ev ZvbfxbK
bvi mv_ A Ki coZ nq|
(Kvd-byb ck- Kzs , Zv ck- Zz = KzsZz ;...........................)

gxg mvwKbi wbqg

gxg mvwKb 3 cKvi t
1.B`Mvg (+)

2.BLdv ( +)

3.Bhnvi (evKx nid + )

1.B`Mvg t
gxg mvwKbi gxg Avmj ( ), evgi gxg Zvk`x`& ai ( B`Mvg ) bvn Ki coZ
ne|

2.BLdv t
gxg mvwKbi evg ev Avmj ( - ) bvni mv_ BLdv Ki coZ nq|

29

3.Bhnvi t
gxg mvwKbi ci I Qvov Ab nid Avmj Ki coZ nq|
** gxg mvwKbi ci I Avmj AekB Bhnvi KiZ ne|

k covi wbqg
jd&h (k) Avjvni `yB wbqg t 1. cyi ev gvUv, 2. evwiK ev cvZjv

ki Wvb hei I ck nj Avjvn ki K cyi ev gvUv Ki coZ nq|
hgb:

ki Wvb hi nj Avjvn ki K evwiK Ki coZ nq|

hgb:

- k Qvov Ab mKj K cvZjv Ki coZ ne|
hgb:

30

 nid covi wbqg

covi `yB wbqg t 1. cyi ev gvUv, 2. evwiK ev cvZjv
nid cyi ev gvUv Ki covi KqKwU wbqgt

1. G hei ev ck nj Ai mB mgq cyi Ki coZ nq|

2. mvwKb Wvb hei ev ck nj Ai mB mgq cyi Ki coZ nq|

3. mvwKb Wvb hi Ges Gici nid gvvwjqv ( )nj K cyi Ki coZ nq|

4. mvwKbi Wvb hi Ab k nj Ai mB mgq cyi Ki coZ nq|

5. AviRx mvwKb, Wvb hw` Qvov Ab Kvb Ai mvwKb nq, Ges Zvi Wvb hei ev ck nq Ze Ai mB
mgq cyi Ki coZ nq|
o

31

 nid evwiK Ki covi KqKwU wbqgt

1. Gi wbP hi nj K evwiK Ki coZ nq| -
2. mvwKb Wvb hi nj K evwiK Ki coZ nq|

3. AviRx mvwKb, Wvb mvwKb nq Zvi Wvb hw` hi nq, K evwiK Ki coZ nq|

4. AviRx mvwKb, Wvb hw` Ai mvwKb nq Ze K evwiK Ki coZ nq| - o

IqvKdi weeiY
wZjvIqvZi mgq AvIqvR e Ki kvm Qo `qvK IqvK&d ej|
AvjvgZ IqvK&dt
IqvKdi Mvj& wPnK ( - o ) `vqiv ej| Bnv IqvKd Zvg, `g bv dj Avi cov
hve bv|
- IqvKd iKz, `g bv dj Avi cov hve bv|

- IqvKd jvhg,`vqivi Dci _ vKj Ges ay _ vKj IqvKd KiZB ne| `g bv

dj Avi wKQzZB cov hve bv|
- IqvKd gyZjvK, `g bv dj Avi cov fvj bv|
-IqvKd RvwqR| `g djvbv Pje, co hvIqvI Pje|

-IqvKd gyRvIqvh, `g bv dj co hvIqv Dg|

wZb + wZb = Qq dvuUv - IqvKd gyqvbvKvn& | `yB RvqMvi GK RvqMvq _vgZ nq|
-IqvKd gyivL&LvQ| `g bv dj co hvIqvB Dg|
32

 -IqvKd Avgi| GBLvb `g djevi Kzg Kiv nqQ|

-IqvKd mvKZvn&| `g bv dj AvIqvRUvK GKUz e ivLZ nq|

-`g bv dj mvKZvi Pq (GKUz) ekx `ix KiZ nq|
-IqvKd Kxjv AvjvBn& | `g djv fvj|
-IqvQj AvIjv, wgwjq cov Dg|

-IqvKd divb& | GLvb `g djj QMxivn& bvn& gvd nq|

-IqvKd AvjvBwn| `vqiv eZxZ ay _ vKj IqvKd Kiv hve bv|

-Gme _vb IqvK&d Kiv bv Kiv DfqUvB Pj|

IqvKdi weeiYt
AviRx mvwKb, gb gb aiv mvwKbK AviRx mvwKb ej| hLvb mvwKb wQjbv, mLvb
`g djj `g djvi mgq AviRx mvwKb ne|
hei, hi, ck Ges `yB hi, `yB ck ZvKj `g djvi mgq mLvb AviRx mvwKb ne|
o o o
o
o
o

o


o o
o o
Mvj Zv - IqvKdi mgq nv mvwKb ( ) coZ nq|IqvKd bv Ki wgwjq coj Zv coZ nq|
o
o
o o
nv - G hgxi
nv nid ( )mebvg wnmve ki kl Avmj ZvK nvq hgxi ej|
nv - G hgxii Dci ck _vKj GKwU wgwjq coZ nq|G Dv ck _vK|-
33

nv - G hgxii bxP hi _vKj GKwU wgwjq coZ nq|G Lvov hi _vK| -

nv - G hgxi `g djj AviRx mvwKb ne|
o

o o o

o
gv GIqvRt
`yB hei `g djj GK hei ev` w`q GK Avwjd UvbZ nq| GKB gv GIqvR ej|
o o

o

gv jxb
nid jxbi evg hw` AviRx mvwKb nq hvq, 2-3 Avwjd gv jxb nq hvq| nid jxb
2 wU| h_vt mvwKb, Wvb hei (
;) mvwKb, Wvb hei ( |)
o

o
o


gv AviRx
gvi evg hw` AviRx mvwKb nq, 3 Avwjd gv AviRx nq hvq|
o


o

o

o

gv AvQjx
gv AvQjxZ `g djj 1 Avwjd UvbZ nq|
o



o

o

o

o
AviRx mvwKb nIqvi KviY hw` gvi nid nq hvq, `g djvi mgq 1 Avwjd UvbZ
nq|
o

o
o

o
hei A_ev hii evg hw` Lvwj cvIqv hvq, `g djvi mgq 1 Avwjd UvbZ nq|
o

o
o

34

cki evg hw` Lvwj cvIqv hvq, `g djvi mgq 1 Avwjd UvbZ nq|
o o
o
o

`g dwjevi mgq hw` Avwjd hvwq`vn& cvIqv hvq, Avwjd hvwq`vn& Z 1 Avwjd UvbZ
nq| wK m~iv `vnii wZxq Z `g djj UvbZ nqbv|
o o o
o

`g djvi mgq hw` Zvk`x` Ai cvIqv hvq, `ywU Ai DPviYi mgq jvMvZ nq|
o

o
o
o

`g djvi mgq hw` mvwKb Ai cvIqv hvq, mvwKb Ai hgb AvQ Zgb Ki coZ
nq|
o

o o
o

mvK&Zvn&

wKQz mgqi Rb AvIqvR e Ki wbtkvm Rvix iL D wbtkvmB cieZx nid covK

mvK&Zvn ej| IqvK&d I mvK&Zvi ga cv_K nj, IqvK&d Kivi mgq wbtkvm Rvix _vK
bv,Avi mvK&Zvi mgq wbtkvm Rvix ivLZ nq|
Bgvg nvd&m (it)-Gi gZ KziAvb kixd PviwU mvK&Zvn iqQ t
1| 15 cvivq m~iv Kvndt

2| 23 cvivq m~iv Bqvmxbt

3| 29 cvivq m~iv wKqvgvqt

4| 30 cvivq m~iv gyZvdwddxb t

35

b~b KzZbx
Zvbfxbi byb& mvwKbi evg Zvk`x` A_ev hhg nj Zvbfxbi wfZi jyKvwqZ b~b hi
w`q cii mvwKb coZ nq| GK b~b KzZbx ej| b~b KzZbx `g djj coZ nqbv|
hgb t

=
+



=
+


=
+


nid kvgmx I Kvgvix
nid kvgmx 14wU:
h eYi c~e Avwjd Ges jvg hvM Kij jvg DPvwiZ nq bv, ZvK nid kvgmx ej|
hgb:

nid Kvgvix 14wU:

h eYi c~e Avwjd Ges jvg hvM Kij jvg DPvwiZ nq, ZvK nid Kvgvix ej|
hgb:

36