Were any of you interested in further action I am dedicated to my plan for balancing the private and public accounts that originated from 1933 till now by bringing wealth to use on a local basis rather than printing $45 Bil per month that only ends up in the stock and commodity markets or in reserve. That efforts are to first use the related individual domiciled State's Estate Trust and or Probate law, that must then use the Uniform Commercial Code for the resulting business trust created for the sole secured beneficiary becoming Sui Juris again as a private National Citizen, requires that you cease to be Surety for their State-created, Artificial Martial process Persons by Filing a ReleaseNUNC PRO TUNC with the Clerk of Court in the county of their birth, or in the county of their residence or, if refused by both counties above, in any county of any state within the US. I do not see any other effective method to date to remedy our problems- feel free to contact me at cestrunck@yahoo.com with reference to the title "SURETY NO MORE". Introduction The world careened toward a dark age subsequent to the Superior Generals success with the 1929 Lateran Treaty for restoration of $100 million to the Holy See for use by his Knights of Malta to collapse the New York Stock Exchange in preparation for the Conqueror in 1933, and metastasis in 1935 despite the efforts of Pius XI who made a monumental move to defuse War and genocide by first writing of an Encyclical which at least in part denounced racial anti-Semitism. It is referred to as "the hidden Encyclical". Pius XI requested American Jesuit Msgr LaFarge to draft the statement which upheld traditional Catholic doctrine against Jewish doctrine but decried racism against the Jews, and countered at least part of the intent of the 1933 Vatican Concordat with Nazi Germany. Ledochowski was the austere politician and Jesuit General at the time, and he was not in favor of the new document. It mysteriously disappeared and Pius died before the signing, although it was one of the last documents on his desk. The document: Humani Generis Unitas, or "The Unity of the Human Race" might have made a difference in the Vatican's allowance of the Third Reich's policies. Pius died, Pius XII, more a politician and diplomat than theologian and with ties to Germany and von Papen took office rapidly. Ledochowski is credited with being instrumental in the suppression of the document. What was planned in Europe in 1933 with implementation of a gold standard in Germany simultaneously revoked the standard in the United States of America for conqueror FDR facilitated by the forced economic collapse of Herbert Hoovers government at the 1932 general election with the order to smash the Bonus Marchers on the Washington DC Mall.
The question by Superior General Ledochowski to his assistant is frozen in History: How do we convert the De Jure Private U.S. Citizen, created by the 14th Amendment and protected by the limited constitutional De Jure American Government ruling the De Jure American Republic, into a De Facto Public U.S. citizen, created by State statute and protected by our unlimited De Facto Emergency War Powers Government, to be created by an amended WWI federal statute, then to rule the De Facto 14th Amendment American Empire?
Assistant Answers: We cleverly impose a contract to be filed on a State level that, by operation of law, creates a trust. That contract trust instrument will be a Certificate of Live Birth. The State will be the Trustee; the Private U.S. Citizen will be the Property of the contract trust; and the hybrid Public U.S. citizen will be the Beneficiary. Assistant Continues: The Beneficiary of the trust will be a state-created Artificial Person/De Facto Public U.S. citizen through which the Natural Person/De Jure Private U.S. citizen will conduct all his public and private business as subordinated Surety working for the benefit of his mirrored De Facto Public U.S. citizen functioning as one, united, single individual! Assistant Further Answers: That same contract will then subordinate the Natural Person/Private U.S. Citizen to be the Surety for the Artificial Person/Public U.S. Citizen created first for commerce (collateral for FDRs New Deal debt) and then for war (WWII). Indeed, every military discharge from the American Armed Forces displays the soldiers name in all-upper-case letters, and beneath the name is its commercial social security number! Assistant Concludes: Now every heretic American/Private U.S. Citizen will be under our Roman Civil Law to regulate every facet of his heretic and liberal life from the cradle to the grave. He will enjoy only our privileges that we (through our state and federal, absolutist, martial legislatures) grant to his master, our Roman/Public U.S. citizen which is a commercial entity and enemy belligerent known by a name of war. The heretic will be reduced to being an enemy living in a conquered territory. SO WHAT IS THE STATUS OF A U.S. CITIZEN SINCE 1933
1. The Natural Person/ Private U.S. Citizenhas, by operation of law, been wedded/bonded to the ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Roman/Public U.S. citizen by means of the Business Trust instrument/ Unilateral Contract Under Seal (Birth Certificate) legally filed and registered with the State government of his natural birth. 2. By his natural birththe Natural Person is a De Jure Citizen of the United States, a Private U.S. Citizen, under Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. 3. By the public filing of the Birth Certificateand thus by operation of law, the State-created ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Public U.S. citizen is a De Facto Citizen of the United States under Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Why?
The reason why the Public U.S. citizen is considered a citizen of the United States is because the Surety of the State-created/quasi-corporate, ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Public U.S. citizen) is a De Jure 14th Amendment Private U.S. Citizen. Thus, the Public U.S. citizen, created by a state statute and wedded to the Private U.S. Citizen is also called a citizen of the United States. Without the Private U.S. Citizen being the majority stockholder and sole Surety for the Public U.S. citizen, no individual Man can ever be considered a Public U.S. citizen. This conclusion is based upon the principle that if the majority of the stockholders of a U.S. corporation are U.S. citizens, then the U.S. corporation is also a US citizen. 46 USC 802(a) Hence, if the subordinate Surety for the state-created, De Facto Public U.S. citizen is a constitutionally-created De Jure Private U.S. Citizen, then the De Facto Public U.S. citizen must also be a U.S. citizen. 4. All legislated statutes(federal and state) act upon the quasi-corporate, ARTIFICIAL PERSON/ Public U.S. citizen to which the Private U.S. Citizen Natural Person is bonded, wedded, attached and serving as servile Surety. 5. All Emergency War Powers courts(federal and state) act upon the quasicorporate, ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Public U.S. citizen to which the Private U.S. Citizen/Natural Person/ Christian Man is bonded, wedded, attached and serving as servile Surety. 6. It is theMartial Processof the Court that secures In Personam jurisdiction over the defendant for the Court. This Martial Process acts upon the ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Public U.S. citizen to which the Private U.S. Citizen Natural Person/Christian Man is bonded, wedded, attached and serving as servile Surety. 7. TheMartial In Personam Jurisdictionof all Emergency War Powers courts (federal and state) acts directly upon the ARTIFICIAL PERSON/Public U.S. citizen (subject to a prior and complete Martial Process) to which the Private U.S. Citizen Natural Person/Christian Man is bonded, wedded, attached and serving as servile Surety. Much truth here. The 14th Amendment made US citizenship paramount and dominant and state citizenship subordinate and derivative. Hence, the 14th Amendment created a new National Republic---the Second Republic. The citizens of this Second Republic silently consented to be in contract with the state of their birth evidence by a Birth Certificate filed about two weeks after their birth. This unilateral contract under seal made the 14th Amendment citizens surety for the artificial person/strawman/ALL CAPS NAME US citizen named on the BC.
It is this contract that must be reversed. We must cease to be surety for this stranger as per Proverbs 11:15. This is what I teach. The remainder of the video addresses the CFR, the Fed and other institutions controlled by the American Roman Hierarchy overseen by the Jesuits at nearby Jesuit universities. Lord bless, Brother Eric
From: JRB xxxxxxxxxxz Sent: Monday, September 03, 2012 1:41 PM To: 7JR Subject: 14th Amendment Citizenship: Citizen or citizen? - YouTube
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4xV4MTnCdc&feature=related Dear Mr. Donahue, I am writing a book over the next months on my legal and organizing efforts since 1999 to expose the influence of top-down / mono-centrism versus bottom-up polycentrism from the standpoint of local home rule subsidiarity, and the failure of the tea-party and occupy wall-street to escape the constructs of left versus right and communism versus capitalism. I am in the process of explaining workable economic and political solutions in promoting self-sufficiency, individual freedom, and strengthening civil liberty using my experience gained over the last 40 years, and examine the way in which Fr. Luigi Taparelli SJ reworked construct following the French revolution and impact upon the industrial revolution in Europe with effects upon the 19th and 20th century evolution of US domestic and foreign policy. I consider Fr. Taparelli to be the essential bridge for such transition; and in that I do not speak Italian or Latin I am seeking worthy analysis of his work as your publications seems to be. I will include the article with attribution in the appendix of my book for quick reference. Best regards Chris Strunk
From: Jed Donahue To: "cestrunck@yahoo.com" <cestrunck@yahoo.com> Sent: Tuesday, September 4, 2012 11:11 AM Subject: RE: Request for permission to reprint
Dear Mr. Strunk: Thank you for writing. Can you explain where and how you intend to reprint the article? Thanks, Jed
Jed Donahue Vice President, Publications Editor in Chief, ISI Books 3901 Centerville Road Wilmington, DE 19807 (302) xxx| www.isibooks.org Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/isiinc From: Christopher Strunk <cestrunck@yahoo.com> Date: August 31, 2012 8:25:08 PM EDT To: xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: Request for permission to reprint Reply-To: Christopher Strunk <cestrunck@yahoo.com>
Dear Sirs, I request your permission to reprint your article http://www.firstprinciplesjournal.com/articles.aspx?article=1760 as I am want to merely paraphrase from it without losing the essence of the article. Best regards Chris Strunk In re:
Prior to the alleged ratification of the 14th Amendment, there was no legal definition of a "citizen of the United States", as everyone had primary citizenship in one of the several states. The Constitution referred to the sovereign state citizen, and no one else. Those who went to Washington, D.C. or outside the several states were commonly called "citizens of the United States." In the Constitution for the United States, the term was used to identify state citizens who were eligible under the suffrage laws to hold office, and they were required under the Constitution to have primary allegiance to one of the several states. Since that term was not specifically defined in the U.S. Constitution, Congress in 1868 took advantage of this term and utilized it in the so-called 14th Amendment to describe a NEW type of "citizen" whose primary allegiance was to the federal government, i.e. Washington,
D.C. and not to one of the several states of the union. Thus, using the term as used in the U.S. Constitution to mislead and confuse the people as to the true intent and meaning of the Constitution. Many people have mistaken the citizen as denominated in the 14th Amendment to mean the same one in the original constitution, this is in error. The "citizen of the united states" as used in the constitution is not the same as the citizen of the United States used after the 14th Amendment. So all the elected officials are NOT sitting in the office constitutionally, they are merely impostors created by the 14th Amendment. The current President Clinton, is a U.S. citizen, and therefore not the "citizen of the united states" defined in the Constitution for the United States, neither the federal senators nor any congressmen are seated constitutionally. These facts being true, then all the federal laws are invalid for want of constitutionality. The 14th Amendment creates and defines citizenship of the United States. It had long been contended, and had been held by many learned authorities, and had never been judicially decided to the contrary, that there was no such thing as a citizen of the United States, except by first becoming a citizen of some state. United States v. Anthony (1874), 24 Fed. Cas. 829 (No. 14,459), 830. We have in our political system a government of the United States and a government of each of the several states. Each one of these governments is distinct from the others, and each has citizens of its own who owe it allegiance, and whose rights, within its jurisdiction, it must protect. The same person may be at the same time a citizen of the United States and a citizen of a state, but his rights of citizenship under one of these governments will be different from those he has under the other. U. S. v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1875). In other words, you do not have to be a citizen of the United States in order to be a state citizen. This was held to be true by the Maryland Supreme Court in 1966 wherein the state: Both before and after the Fourteenth Amendment to the federal Constitution, it has not been necessary for a person to be a citizen of the United States in order to be a citizen of his state. Crosse v. Bd. of Supvr,s of Elections, 221 A.2d. 431 (1966) The federal government was never given any authority to encroach upon the private affairs of the citizens in the several states of the union, unless they were involved in import or export activity, neither were they given authority to reach a citizen of Germany living in Germany. In fact, the states could refuse to enforce any act of congress, that they felt was outside the intent of the granting of limited powers to the federal government. This is called interposition or nullification. Several state supreme courts have in the past refused to uphold federal laws within their states. - Richard McDonald's state Citizen http://political-resources.com/jurisdiction/citizen.htm
THIS IS NOT A STATEMENT OF GOOD STANDING Incorporation 04/19/1989 Date / (mm/dd/yyyy) Formation Date:
File Number:
2193946
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, INC. CORPORATION DOMESTIC Entity Type: State: NON-PROFIT OR RELIGIOUS DE
THIS IS NOT A STATEMENT OF GOOD STANDING Incorporation 01/16/1984 Date / (mm/dd/yyyy) Formation Date:
File Number:
2025923
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION CORPORATION DOMESTIC Entity Type: State: CLOSED CORP DE
REGISTERED AGENT INFORMATION Name: Address: City: State: Phone: Field Definitions ENTITY TYPE A - General - Type General refers to a legal entity with no special attributes such as non profit or religious. THE COMPANY CORPORATION 2711 CENTERVILLE RD STE 400 WILMINGTON DE (302)636-5440 County: Postal Code: NEW CASTLE 19808
C - Closed Corp - (a) A close corporation is a corporation organized under subchapter 342 whose certificate of incorporation contains the provisions required by Section 102 of this title and, in addition, provides that: (1) All of the corporation's issued stock of all classes, exclusive of treasury shares, shall be represented by certificates and shall be held of record by not more than a specified number of persons, not exceeding 30; and (2) All of the issued stock of all classes shall be subject to 1 or more of the restrictions on transfer permitted by Section 202 of this title; and (3) The corporation shall make no offering of any of its stock of any class which would constitute a "public offering" within the meaning of the United States Securities Act of 1933 ?15 U.S.C. Section 77a et seq.| as it may be amended from time to time. (b) The certificate of incorporation of a close corporation may set forth the qualifications of stockholders, either by specifying classes of persons who shall be entitled to be holders of record of stock of any class, or by specifying classes of persons who shall not be entitled to be holders of stock of any class or both. (c) For purposes of determining the number of holders of record of the stock of a close corporation, stock which is held in joint or common tenancy or by the entireties shall be treated as held by 1 stockholder. R - Non-profit or Religious - This description type refers to a corporation that sets forth in it's certificate of incorporation or subsequent documents that it is a nonprofit corporation. The "Religious" literal does not infer that, in every case, the corporation is for Religious purposes only. The intent is to define the corporation as Non-Profit, charitable corporation which maybe formed for Religious purposes. REGISTERED AGENT INFORMATION Every corporation shall have and maintain in this State a registered agent in each case, having a business office which generally is open during normal business hours to accept service of process and otherwise perform the functions of a registered agent. Such agent may be an individual or business entity authorized to transact business in the State of Delaware. The data presented in this field denotes the agent name, address and phone number of such agent for the entity you are viewing.
http://kerrycollison.blogspot.com/2011/11/president-soekarno-operation-...
Read Kerrys book Indonesian Gold President Soekarno, Operation Heavy Freedom and the truth about when much of the worlds gold was delivered into Indonesia and the Philippines. Background history: 1. Between 1927 and 1938, under arrangements made between T.V.Soong (Finance Minister of China) and Henry Morgethau, Secretary of the Treasury, The United States Government purchased some 50 million ounces of silver and leased vast amounts of gold from the Nationalist Chinese Government, known as Kuomintang. During this period China was partly occupied by Japanese troops and there was the fear of China being overrun by the Japanese. 2. For all the treasure handed in, certificates were given to those who surrendered their precious metals. The surrendered precious metals and gemstones were sent to the United States under a lease agreement made between T.V. Soong and Henry Morgenthau. The Certificates became the underlying funds of the Kuomintang and were good and accepted securities. 3. In 1934 a new Securities Act was promulgated in the United States, together with the Gold Act, which required all bullion gold and gold coin to be surrendered to the Federal Reserve, a private corporation chartered to operate as the Central Bank of the United States and to be the issuer of the currency known as the United States Dollar. 4. Domestically owned gold was purchased. Foreign Gold held by the Treasury was also surrendered to the Federal Reserve, so, was leased to the Federal Reserve. This began the series 1934 Notes issued by the Federal Reserve. These have never been redeemed and the interest cost was met by further issuances of the 1934 series FRNs. 5. These 1934 FRNs guarantee the lease payments and to allow the Chinese Government to continue financially. These came under the control of the Kuomintang, the Nationalist Government in China from whom the Gold had been received. Many were left in China when the Kuomintang had to flee to Taiwan. The Gold had been nationalized by the Kuomintang who moved much of the FRNs (but not all) to Taiwan which was built on these notes. These Notes were the underlying wealth of Taiwan and they were good for value as they were backed by gold.
About
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6. During the war in China, most owners of the depository notes issued by Chinese Banks were killed by the Japanese, others later being killed by both the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communists, thus the Gold became property of the Nation, especially so, the Kuomintang. In Europe, Jews who had owned wealth were stripped of that wealth through various means and were then eliminated. The gold was taken either by stealth or by force, that is a reality of history. 7. The Kuomintang appointed guardians of this Gold and the securities issued by the United States; they are euphemistically known as the Dragon Family. The Dragon Family is in fact an organization that operates between old families within China and Taiwan, and as such is above the political divide of the two independent Chinese Governments. Chinese are remarkable in this regard, that old family ties and functions supercede political arrangements which, though they might last for generations, are regarded as inconsequential over the passage of time to most Chinese. Attached to this is the wealth of several nations. The United States in support of the Kuomintang and resistance groups actually printed more of these FRN notes inside China itself. These operations were run by the CIA to buy loyalty of various factions in the fight against the communists, eventually being driven out into Burma around 1960. Largely due to the additional printing of these notes, the additional Notes were given in lieu of interest, but directed to specific persons and parties. 8 At the end of the World War II, with Communist and Kuomintang factions at war in China, the International Community and the Chinese assented to the Gold being placed under the overt control of Indonesian President Soekarno. Soekarno then, on August 17, 1945, came to be known as M1 under United Nations Approval No. MISA 81704 Operation Heavy Freedom. This was because much of the worlds gold had been delivered into Indonesia and the Philippines. Canada, Australia, Great Britain, India and other British Colonies sent their gold to the so called impregnable Singapore The Japanese, as per the arrangements agreed to by Hirohito in the 1921 Pact Between Nations made in London, delivered much of this gold to Indonesia (Then a Dutch Colony) and to Philippines (Then a US Colony) into secret bunkers that had been mostly constructed by the Japanese between 1924 and 1945. This is why the Allied troops in Malaya had no air cover or sufficient supplies to that would have allowed them to resist the Japanese. Singapore had to fall so most of the global wealth could be lost into a secret system that made the gold standard redundant and fiat currencies a reality. This gold was documented into accounts through the Swiss Commercial Bank Union Bank of Switzerland, placed under protection of the Swiss Attorney General, registered through the Swiss National Bank into the Bank for International Settlements International Collateral Combined accounts and then from within the BIS, blocked to form the Institutional Parent Registration Accounts of the Federal Reserve System. Later President Marcos of the Philippines was appointed and held the position of M1 until 1987 and then the position was transferred to Dr. Ray C. Dam, in October of 1987, under Legal Decadency to Heir RCD1087 Far East Entire with formal Power of Attorney and Assignment of Indonesian Assets signed by Sarinah Soetiwi (holder of the assets on behalf of the Nation of Indonesia as assigned by President Soekarno) in 1992, Dams authority later promulgated January 20, 1995. Dam proved to be impossible for the entire system to work with, (either because he refused to allow those who placed him in authority to steal, or because of his personal arrogance. Difficult to know which is correct) and his authority over the Institutional parent registration Accounts set aside and the system reverted to the
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three Nations who had controlled these accounts since World war II, United States, Great Britain and France, who systematically and illegally subverted the established system since 1996. 9. From this we can see that there are two functional operations. One was ownership and Depository control by the owners of the Gold and the other a control system set in place to administer and control the Collateral Combined Accounts as an independent Arbiter. Ownership rights are held by the signatory to the Depository Accounts in Commercial Banks and Control Rights have been held by M1. 10. So it was, that the entire world supply of bullion and coinage gold was withdrawn and fiat currencies became the order of the day. However, underneath the notes and money issued by the Federal Reserve was the underlying wealth within a centralized system that Nations was intended to be used equitably, but Bankers determined they would use to raid national economies. 11. In 1963, President John F. Kennedy entered into an Agreement with President Soekarno to provide the funds to allow the United States Treasury to print its own currency, thus subverting the right to print the currency held by the Federal Reserve. The Agreement would have transferred some 59,000 tons of gold to underpin this currency. The problem with this was that the US domestic currency would have then been backed by gold which would have been a violation of international agreements meant to stabilize currencies. 11 days after signing this agreement, President Kennedy was assassinated. President Johnson the suspended EO11110 as issued by Kennedy and transferred the bullion to the Federal Reserve. The Green Hilton Agreement was not implemented until 1968 when Soekarno fell from office and when Global Trade made it imperative that the world have a Global Currency. As the Gold had been transferred to the US Treasury in 1968, a series of Bonds known as Kennedy Bonds were issued in order to honor the terms of the Green Hilton Agreement made between Kennedy and Soekarno, the 1968 terms of the gold delivery to the United States being different than made in 1934. When after 30 years, interest had not been paid as promised, a reissue of the bonds in an increased number were issued as commemorative notes and were accepted by the owners of the Gold, the Dragon Family. 12. From copies of Bank documents received by Neil Keenan, within the Green Hilton Memorial Agreement, the funds the amounts of gold and platinum are specified. These amounts of gold are certificated and the certificates and ledger copies with full and exact identification and recognition codes are available. These certificates are further proven by the bank reports, copies of which are now held by Neil Keenan. The truth of these instruments can be vigorously defended through documentation in our hands and further through interrogation of the Black Screens where the off ledger collateral is held, together with an interrogation of the grey and blue screens where we will find enormous fraud from the illegal use of these assets. 13. In the few documents we present with this complaint we can see that the assets have been deposited, the counter-assets created and presented to the depositors, the depositors have been cheated for over 70 years through the intentional and fraudulent failure of the Obligor to honor the Agreements. 14. In recent weeks we have come into possession of the books and records of the late President Soekarno, and all the codes and ledgers of the Global Accounts. The size of these accounts can be seen by reviewing the Collective Agreement between the Garuda Memorial
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Hilton Indonesia and the Green Memorial Hilton Geneva, established, structured and made operational between 1961 and final signature in 1972. Under this Agreement the assets of the international collateral combined were established and brought forward, then, within a short period of time misused to change the operating systems of banks. 15. Reviewing these books, we can now see that Banks set aside the notion of operating under the Charters they hold as banks, instead of being Banks they became like very poor casino operators and traders, selling what they do not own. The records in our possession, signed and registered by the receiving and managing commercial bank, show the underlying funds in numbers and amounts that stagger the imagination. The Green Hilton and Garuda Memorial Agreements demonstrate clearly the value of the global account system. a) Gold and Platinum Deposits ran into millions of tons. b) 1934 series Federal Reserve System Bonds, Notes issued in 1928 , Kennedy Bonds ran into Quadrillions of US Dollars, Dragon Bonds are all recorded and acknowledged within the Green Hilton and Memorial Hilton Collective Agreements. Both Assets in the form of Bullion surrendered to the Global Accounts through the United States Government and then entrusted to a private corporation, the Federal Reserve System. Posted by Kerry Collison at 1:31 PM
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Labels: President Soekarno, Operation Heavy Freedom and the truth about when much of the worlds gold was delivered into Indonesia and the Philippines.
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Posted by AyemMo on April 29, 2010 About these ads p://en.wordpress.com/about these (h ads/) p://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi bin/archive.cgi Posted By: (h watcher51445 <Send E Mail /bem/144653)> Date: Tuesday, 7 Apr 2009 17:32:21 In Response To: DEAR BEN: Bush/Clinton/Rothschild would probably kill each other if they had the chance. (h p://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi bin/archive.cgi/read/144651) (watcher51445)
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Trah Majapahit Journal Blog ini berisi tentang lelaku sejarah kehidupan yang mencoba untuk dituliskan agar dapat bermanfaat sebagai pelajaran untuk kita bersama Jumat, 2008 November 28 THE GREEN HILTON AGREEMENT (Geneva 1963). sumbangan dari sdr. Agus S. Djamil, semoga amal anda dibalas oleh Tuhan YME By 1961, Keynes predictions of a world monetary crisis began to become a reality. This problem was brought about by the lack of su cient currency (especially US Dollars) in world circulation to support the rapidly expanding international commerce. The World needed US Dollars beyond the capacity of the good faith and credit of the United States Taxpayer in order to facilitate trade. It was not possible to break the Bre on Woods treaty due to the possible damage of the stable core of the worlds economy as this had the potential of leading to another major war. To compound the problem, the majority of dollars in circulation were in private banks, multinational corporations, private businesses and individual bank accounts. In 1963 the gold that had been entrusted to the care of President Soekarno was recalled by the Nations to underpin the issuance of further US Dollars in order to further facilitate international trade. Under this Agreement, Soekarno (as the International Trustee Holder of the Gold) began the process of repositioning the gold that had earlier been entrusted to the care of the Indonesian People, back into the banking system to create a fractional backing for the US Dollar. Initially this was managed under the arbitration of the Tripartite Gold Commission in The Hague as per the decisions of the International Community through their Government representatives at the Innsbruck/Schweitze r Conference and its later revisions. Under the agreement signed between President Soekarno and President John Kennedy, was that control of these assets would cede automatically to US upon the fall from power of President Soekarno. This occurred in 1967. The potential of this agreement led to Executive Order 11110 issued July 1963, which would have provided the Department of the Treasury the power to issue United States Dollars. Within two weeks a er signing the Green Hilton Agreement which would have then enabled consolidation of EO 11110. Kennedy was assassinated a few days a er his signing of the Green Hilton Agreement. With the death of Kennedy, the authority granted to the Treasury was never taken up. Soekarno was awarded a 2.5% interest in the assets by the International Community in return for his services. He willed all the documents of guarantee and obligation to his Teacher ***** ***** ******** and his heir, ** **** *** ********. To this day, these agreements stand to be honoured (which was accommodated in full under the RESPECTING THE RIGHTS TREATY (BANGKOK) 2003). The assets were placed into the International Collateral Combined Accounts that form the Global Debt Facility. While an apparently innocuous document to read, in its proper and full interpretation, The Green Hilton Agreement is one of the most profound agreements made between Presidents of any two countries within the twentieth century, and most probably, in the history of the world, particularly so as this agreement was made between a President of the United States and the Trustee of the hidden, but combined wealth of the world. These assets are not the property of the United States, but centralized assets under the authority of a centralized system, to be used as independently deemed to be for the
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FROM: Mr. Whistleblower TO: bellringer@fourwinds10.com SENT: Tuesday, Mardch 04, 2008 11:56 p.m. SUBJECT: Wanta Fraud Regardless if one agrees with the account given by Mr. Whistleblower, there is one sentence which fails to connect to the other parts of the story. He writes: At the same time, and there are two prominent points here, successive US Governments from 1963, following the execution of the *Green Hilton Treaty by President Kennedy and President Soekarno* (Note: Kennedy was assassinated 10 days a er the signing of this Treaty), refused to recognise the Combined International Accounts and the Green Hilton Treaty. As I have seen the Green Hilton Treaty (full title: Agreement Green Hilton Memorial Building Geneve and Certicate of Geneve, signed by 3 persons, witnessed by 9 persons) some years back, I am wondering what the connection between the Wanta case and the Green Hilton Treaty might be? Can you forward my question to Mr. Whistleblower and act as a go between for his replay? Thanks and best regards PZ (Response) Original Message From: Whistleblower To: Bellringer Sent: Friday, March 07, 2008 9:31 PM Subject: Re: Fw: Wanta Fraud and Whistleblower Dear Mr Bellringer, In response to the question from PZ. Dear PZ: Thank you for your question via fourwinds10.com. Our response on same follows: The comments in question do not relate directly to the other content. They are meant to clearly indicate that the US, by not recognizing the Green Hilton Treaty, actually deny that the assets held by President Soekarno are part of the Combined International Collateral Accounts of the Global Debt Facility, thus implying that they still belong to the original Owners (hereditary or otherwise). The fact is that assets held by Soekarno were not owned by Indonesia, its numerous Sultanates, or otherwise, but by several other countries, Royal Families, etc. which were deposited in Indonesia
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commencing 1921, which is the very same period as assets were deposited in The Philippines. It was the Japanese who were charged by the Worlds Nations to undertake the excavation of tunnels, mines, bunkers, etc, and deposit assets within same as and when then were shipped to Indonesia. It is common knowledge that over the years the US has deliberately broadcast over the Airwaves, that they are the real owners and that anyone locating or nding any assets should report same to the US Embassy immediately. This was a ploy by the US to locate assets and ultimately steal them. Not recognizing the Green Hilton Treaty, which was relevant to Indonesia and President Soekarno, allowed the US to lay claim to the assets and thus steal / plunder them for their own purpose. Additionally, the US, by its denials and non recognition of the Green Hilton Treaty, opened the doors for descendants of President Soekarno, plus many others who were appointed as Secondary Holders, Administrators, Sub secondary Holders / Custodians etc by President Soekarno (Note: we hold a full list of these people, which is embodied within President Soekarnos records, Volume 4), to lay claim to the assets held in Indonesia. The very same situation arises with The Philippines and other countries. In Russia alone, during the Yeltsin era, President Clinton claimed that the Gold deposited in Russia was actually owned by the US. Thousands of MT of Gold were moved out of Russia by train into Switzerland and Germany, under orders of President Yeltsin. This movement was monitored and President Yeltsin was held to order on this. His condition to step down from the Presidency of the Russian Federation, entailed a Full International Immunity from prosecution for his criminal acts of The of Assets from the Collateral Accounts in conjunction with others (These acts are beginning to come back and bite the other persons involved quite viciously). Coming back to the point of issue. The statement was made as an example to indicate the tactics used by the US to steal, illegally use, plunder, etc the assets of the Combined International Collateral Accounts. The example was considered to be the best possible example as it linked to a situation in the US which is still questionable today. Other examples could not be used as much as this, and corrective actions against such illegal use, abuse, the etc, are all Classied. In respect of your statement claiming you have seen the Green Hilton Treaty. We do not dispute your claim on this, but advise as to caution. The reason being is that there are at least Three (3) known forgeries of this Treaty in existence. There may be more. All di er from each other and all of them do lead to confusion with those who make claims of having read the Treaty. It is not known who composed any of the forgeries, although guesses are abound. The Real Treaty states, that an agreement has been reached, and shall be referred to as a Treaty between Sovereign Nations, by the President of the United States and the President of Indonesia, that Assets of the Combined International Collateral Accounts pursuant to Treaties .(numerous Treaties referred to). and held under Custodianship within Indonesia, shall be transferred to (Name of location in the USA)and utilized by the USA to fractionally back the International Currency of the US Dollar. Note, the content of the treaty actually states several further issues, but the above is the main issue. In return for President Soekarnos cooperation in this ma er, conjointly with the Owner / Sole Arbiter, Indonesia were given nancial Hereditary rights equal to 2.5% of the value of the assets, to be used within Indonesia to assist in the development of the country. Those rights and with full reference to the Green Hilton Treaty were conrmed within the Recognizing the Rights Treaty, Bangkok, Thailand, dated 2003. You will also nd reference to all of this within various Schweitzer / Innsbruck Conventions. Needless to say, the assets have yet to be used for the benet of Indonesia. Some have been moved illegally, some stolen / plundered, but basically the two aforementioned Treaties remain ine ective and unrecognized by the US, whom, through the Federal Reserve prevent movement, allotment, allocation, or otherwise of same for use not only for Indonesia, but for every other country in the World and the People. Many Indonesians, as with Filipinos, travel the World holding various Gold and Platinum Bullion
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Certicates, claiming they are the owners of the Bullion, only to be arrested and incarcerated. This will continue until the Truth comes out. There is no direct connection to the Wanta case, as may or may not have been implied. The statement was used as an example to indicate to others what mechanisms are used by the US and others to illegal use, steal, plunder, etc, assets of the Combined International Collateral Accounts. We apologise if this lead to a misunderstanding, as we did not purposely or intentionally design this statement to be misleading. There are many factors connected to the Combined International Collateral Accounts, illegal activities, the , plunder, etc that are all inter related in one way or another whereby to isolate one issue away from all the others is not easy. To understand the enormity of the situation one has to understand the whole picture and appreciate the relativity of one part to other parts. We do not purposely or intentionally restrict illegal activities to the US, although the US is responsible for a substantial majority of the problems involved. Other Countries, Central Banks, Rogue elements of Intelligence Agencies, Commercial Banks, individuals, have also been active in the area of The , Plunder, Illegal use. We hope that this has satisfactory explained the statement we have made, and we thank you for your interest in same. Please feel free to seek further answers should you nd the need to do so. Kindest regards. Whistleblower.
This entry was posted in 101, Dana Revolusi, Harta Amanah, John Kennedy, Renungan, Soekarno, THE GREEN HILTON AGREEMENT, Tripartite Gold Commission. Bookmark the permalink.
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AyemMo says: May 26, 2010 at 5:16 pm Thanks for write down your feel on this blog, I am just wondering what the connection between my country with this agreement, how it can be if all thats Stu trully happentry this site for more information LOVE AND PEACE Reply danang says: June 26, 2010 at 3:51 am i met a person who claimed that he had the access to the assets Reply AyemMo says: June 27, 2010 at 5:04 am any legal document issued for supporting his statement? Reply privatewealthbuildingassociation says: September 24, 2011 at 7:19 am There is one full proof legal way to obtain a successful resolution to this ma er. This is a real o er of truth to help if interested. Truth can always stand inspection. If interested please contact me at raimer54@hotmail.com Thank you. Sir. David Allan Raimer Reply Elaisa Kasan says: June 8, 2012 at 12:48 pm I seek truth. The truth does not vary depending on who is asking. Do you reply with di erent versions of the truth depending on who is asking? If not then why do you need to know who I am. Or do you have another reason to know who those people are who want to know the truth. On Jun 8, 2012, at 7:37 PM, Sir. David Allan Raimer wrote: Dear Elaisa, Please let me know who you are and how I can help you as I deal with a lot of people and can some times get mixed up? Thank you so much for your time in this ma er. Respectfully, Sir. David Allan Raimer Reply Elaisa Kasan says: June 8, 2012 at 6:02 pm Elaisa Kasan
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to David Thanks for clarifying your o er with the statement: only truth I refer to is the reality of the lien assets I own. I have no interest whatsoever in learning about any lien assets you own. So as far as I am concerned, you have nothing useful to disclose. Reply Haris Hedar says: October 7, 2011 at 3:00 am for all those who know or as holder of the Indonesian or others Inheritance assets,I o er to do these assets into High Yield Investment Program. We ready,able and willing to manage these assets based on the authority of the Federal Reserve. This program will provide prots every month without any loss and risk either to the owner of the asset and asset . Haris Hedar harishedar@gmail.com Reply W says: February 17, 2013 at 5:56 pm ARE YOU SURE CAN HANDLE IT? ARE SUPERMAN? SUPER BOYS? Reply Ron Willison says: December 19, 2011 at 9:05 pm Sorting out and nding the truth in this ma er I fear is going to be quite an undertaking. The ramications mind altering. For some people and governments possibly totally destructive. That said. The truth may be a bi er pill to swallow. However if le as is. I would think it be er to bring to an end any possible damages to human life that hiding it may cause. Reply Charles Michael Couch says: December 25, 2011 at 8:43 pm Wow, you want to help by the authority of the Federal Reserve thieves? How NICE of you, lol. Reply W says: February 17, 2013 at 5:54 pm YOU WANNA KNOW WHO AS HEAD FEDERAL RESERVE? Reply raden bagus imam sudjono says: May 18, 2012 at 1:49 pm UBN. 1934 PLAT TITANIUM\PLATINUM ON BOX CASE.. ALPAKA TO MANY REMEMBER. Reply
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bernardo wisnlord Sighn becerra n says: September 30, 2012 at 7:42 am great winds ahead for humanity if only we could see beyond corruption Reply Ilyasa says: October 30, 2012 at 5:05 am Tidak mengerti Reply cacing says: January 20, 2013 at 4:16 pm sama aku juga Reply W says: February 17, 2013 at 5:51 pm HERE AS FERDINAND WORM? Reply W says: February 17, 2013 at 5:52 pm WHY UNTIL RIGHT NOW THE ASET OF HISTORY CANT TOUCH? Reply turyanthapadha says: February 17, 2013 at 6:20 pm emas sudah ditukar dengan batangan platinum, tanpa logo JM.. london. saya mengendus ada puluhan peti. hingga kini, masih ditangan yg berhak. bahkan negara tidak bisa mengendus.. bla bla bla Reply
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_11110
Executive Order 11110 was issued by U.S. President John F. Kennedy on June 4, 1963. This executive order delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury the President's authority to issue silver certificates under the Thomas Amendment of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended by the Gold Reserve Act. The order allowed the Secretary to issue silver certificates, if any were needed, during the transition period under President Kennedy's plan to eliminate silver certificates.
1 Background 2 Public Law 88-36 3 Text of Executive Order 4 Revocation 5 Conspiracy theory 6 See also 7 References 8 External links
On November 28, 1961, President Kennedy halted sales of silver by the Treasury Department. Increasing demand of silver as an industrial metal had led to an increase in the market price of silver above the United States government's fixed price. This led to a decline in the government's excess silver reserves by over 80% during 1961. President Kennedy also called upon Congress to phase out silver certificates in favor of Federal Reserve notes.[1][2] President Kennedy repeated his calls for Congress to act on several occasions, including his 1963 Economic Report, where he wrote:[3] I again urge a revision in our silver policy to reflect the status of silver as a metal for which there is an expanding industrial demand. Except for its use in coins, silver serves no useful monetary function. In 1961, at my direction, sales of silver were suspended by the Secretary of the Treasury. As further steps, I recommend repeal of those Acts that oblige the Treasury to support the price of silver; and repeal of the special 50-percent tax on transfers of interest in silver and authorization for the Federal Reserve System to issue notes in denominations of $1, so as to make possible the gradual withdrawal of silver certificates from circulation and the use of the silver thus released for coinage purposes. I urge the Congress to take prompt action on these recommended changes.
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The House of Representatives took up the President's request early in 1963,[4] and passed HR 5389 on April 10, 1963, by a vote of 251 to 122.[5][6] The Senate passed the bill on May 23, by a vote of 68 to 10.[7][8] President Kennedy signed the bill into law on June 4, 1963 and also signed an executive order (11110) authorizing the Treasury Secretary to continue printing silver certificates during the transition period. [9][10] The act, which became Public Law 88-36 (77 Stat. 54), repealed the Silver Purchase Act of 1934 and related laws, repealed a tax on silver transfers, and authorized the Federal Reserve to issue oneand two-dollar bills, in addition to the notes they were already issuing.[11] The Silver Purchase Act had authorized and required the Secretary Treasury to buy silver and issue silver certificates. With its repeal, the President needed to delegate to the Treasury Secretary the President's own authority under the Agricultural Adjustment Act.[12]
President Kennedy's Executive Order (E.O.) 11110 modified the pre-existing Executive Order 10289 issued by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in 1951, and stated the following:[13] "The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby designated and empowered to perform the following-described functions of the President without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President..." The order then lists tasks (a) through (h) which the Secretary may now do without instruction from the President. None of the powers assigned to the Treasury in E.O. 10289 relate to money or to monetary policy. Kennedy's E.O. 11110 then instructs that: SECTION 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 9, 1951, as amended, is hereby further amended (a) By adding at the end of paragraph 1 thereof the following subparagraph (j): '(j) The authority vested in the President by paragraph (b) of section 43 of the Act of May 12, 1933, as amended (31 U.S.C. 821(b)), to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury not then held for redemption of an outstanding silver certificates, to prescribe the denominations of such silver certificates, and to coin standard silver dollars and subsidiary silver currency for their redemption,' and (b) By revoking subparagraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2 thereof. SECTION 2. The amendments made by this Order shall not affect any act done, or any right accruing or accrued or any suit or proceeding had or commenced in any civil or criminal cause prior to the date of this Order but all such liabilities shall continue and may be enforced as if said amendments had not been made. John F. Kennedy, THE WHITE HOUSE,
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June 4, 1963.
E.O. 11110 was not reversed by President Lyndon B. Johnson and the section added to E.O. 10289 remained on the books until President Ronald Reagan issued Executive Order 12608 on September 9, 1987 as part of a general clean-up of executive orders.[14] E.O. 12608 specifically revoked the section added by E.O. 11110 which effectively revoked the entire Order. By this time, however, the remaining legislative authority behind E.O. 11110 had been repealed by Congress when Pub.L. 97258 (http://www.law.cornell.edu/jureeka/index.php?doc=USPubLaws&cong=97&no=258) was passed in 1982. In March 1964, Secretary of the Treasury C. Douglas Dillon halted redemption of silver certificates for silver dollars. In the 1970s, large numbers of the remaining silver dollars in the mint vaults were sold to the collecting public for collector value. All redemption in silver ceased on June 24, 1968.
See also: John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories#Federal Reserve conspiracy Jim Marrs, in his book Crossfire, presented the theory that Kennedy was trying to rein in the power of the Federal Reserve, and that forces opposed to such action might have played at least some part in the assassination.[15][16][17] According to Marrs, the issuance of Executive Order 11110 was an effort by Kennedy to transfer power from the Federal Reserve to the United States Department of the Treasury by replacing Federal Reserve Notes with Silver Certificates.[16] Actor and author Richard Belzer named the responsible parties in this theory as American "billionaires, power brokers, and bankers ... working in tandem with the CIA and other sympathetic agents of the government."[18] A 2010 article in Research magazine discussing various controversies surrounding the Federal Reserve stated that "the wildest accusation against the Fed is that it was involved in Kennedy's assassination."[16] Critics of the theory note that Kennedy called for and signed legislation phasing out Silver Certificates in favor of Federal Reserve Notes, thereby enhancing the power of the Federal Reserve; and that Executive Order 11110 was a technicality that only delegated existing presidential powers to the Secretary of the Treasury for administrative convenience during a period of transition.
[16][17]
Bimetallism Executive Order 6102 History of the United States dollar Silver standard United States Note
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1. ^ "New Kennedy Silver Policy" (http://news.google.com /newspapers?id=-q8fAAAAIBAJ& sjid=LdcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2964,4612588). Southeast Missourian. AP. November 28, 1961. p. 8. 2. ^ "Silver Sale by Treasury Ended; President Seeks Support Repeal" (http://select.nytimes.com /gst/abstract.html?res=F70F1FFA3F5E147A93C BAB178AD95F458685F9). New York Times. November 29, 1961. p. 1. 3. ^ Economic Report of the President (http://archive.org/stream /EconomicReportOfThePresidentJanuary1963#p age/n21/mode/2up), p. XXIII. January 21, 1963. House document No. 28, 88th Congress, 1st Session. U.S. Govt. Printing Office. 4. ^ Silver Legislation (http://www.archive.org /details/HouseReportNo.183SilverLegislation), April 3, 1963, House of Representatives Report No. 183, 88th Congress, 1st Session. 5. ^ "Silver Act Repeal Plan Wins House Approval" (http://select.nytimes.com /gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D16FE3B58137A93 C3A8178FD85F478685F9). New York Times. April 11, 1963. 6. ^ "House Passes Silver Bill By 251-122" (http://news.google.com /newspapers?id=-q8fAAAAIBAJ& sjid=LdcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2964,4612588). St. Petersburg Times. AP. April 11, 1963. p. 2A. 7. ^ "Senate Votes End to Silver Backing" (http://select.nytimes.com /gst/abstract.html?res=F40F17F93E58137A93C 6AB178ED85F478685F9). New York Times. May 24, 1963. 8. ^ "Senate Okays Replacement of Silver Notes" (http://news.google.com /newspapers?id=Z8NNAAAAIBAJ& sjid=ikkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7119,5656491). Deseret News and Telegram. UPI. May 23, 1963. p. 2A. 9. ^ "Kennedy Signs Silver Bill" (http://news.google.com /newspapers?id=60BYAAAAIBAJ& sjid=d_cDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4270,1590553). Spokane Daily Chronicle. AP. June 6, 1963.
p. 62. 10. ^ "Bill to Release Silver Is Signed by President" (http://select.nytimes.com /gst/abstract.html?res=F20813FA3D5C177A93 C4A9178DD85F478685F9). New York Times. June 6, 1963. 11. ^ Public Law 88-36, 77 Stat. 54 (http://www.archive.org/stream /UnitedStatesStatutesAtLargeVolume77_1963 /UnitedStatesStatutesAtLargeVolume77#page /n80/mode/1up), United States Statutes at Large, Vol. 77 (1963), p. 54, U.S. Govt. Printing Office. 12. ^ Flaherty, Edward (September 4, 2000). "Myth #9: President Kennedy was assassinated because he tried to usurp the Federal Reserve's power. Executive Order 11110 proves it." (http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/flaherty /flaherty9.html). Debunking the Federal Reserve Conspiracy Theories (Political Research Associates). Retrieved December 7, 2009. 13. ^ Text of Executive Order 11110 at The American Presidency Project (http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu /ws/index.php?pid=59049) 14. ^ Text of Executive Order 12608 15. ^ Marrs, Jim (1989). Crossfire: The Plot that Killed Kennedy. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-88184-648-5. 16. ^ a b c d Silber, Kenneth (February 1, 2010). "The Fed and Its Enemies; The central bank is at the center of controversy. It has been there before." (http://www.advisorone.com/2010/02 /01/the-fed-and-its-enemies). Research. Retrieved January 9, 2013. 17. ^ a b Woodward, G. Thomas (1996). Money and the Federal Reserve System: Myth and Reality CRS Report for Congress, No. 96-672 E (http://home.hiwaay.net/~becraft/FRS-myth.htm). Congressional Research Service.; reprinted with footnotes in George B. Grey, ed. (2002). Federal Reserve System: background, analyses and bibliography (http://books.google.com /books?id=8W2LEYUC_LkC&pg=PA83). Nova Science. pp. 73102. ISBN 978-1-59033-053-1. 18. ^ Belzer, Richard (1999). "The Usual Suspectschapter" (http://books.google.com
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/books?id=yDrJa9-7irUC&lpg=PP1& pg=PT104#v=onepage&q&f=false). UFOs, JFK, and Elvis: Conspiracies You Don't Have
to Be Crazy to Believe. The Ballantine Publishing Group. ISBN 9780345429186. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
John F. Kennedy: Executive Order 11110 (http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu /ws/index.php?pid=59049&st=&st1=) Executive Orders Disposition Tables, John F. Kennedy - 1963 (http://www.archives.gov/federalregister/executive-orders/1963-kennedy.html) Codification of EO 10289 at the National Archives (http://www.archives.gov/federal-register /codification/executive-order/10289.html) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Executive_Order_11110& oldid=556930460" Categories: 1963 in American politics Executive orders of John F. Kennedy United States federal law This page was last modified on 26 May 2013 at 23:08. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Reserve_Act
The United States Gold Reserve Act of January 30, 1934 required that all gold and gold certificates held by the Federal Reserve be surrendered and vested in the sole title of the United States Department of the Treasury.
[1][2]
To protect the currency system of the United States, to provide for the better use of the monetary gold stock of the United States, and for other purposes. Gold Reserve Act Gold Reserve Act of 1935
Citations The Gold Reserve Act Pub.L. 7387 (http://www.law.cornell.edu/jureeka Public Law outlawed most /index.php?doc=USPubLaws&cong=73&no=87) private 48 Stat. 337 Stat. possession of Legislative history gold, forcing individuals to sell Signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 30 January 1934 it to the Treasury, after which it was stored in V T E (//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_U.S._legislation&action=edit) United States Bullion Depository at Fort Knox and other locations. The act also changed the nominal price of gold from $20.67 per troy ounce to $35.
A year earlier, in 1933, Executive Order 6102 had made it a criminal offense for U.S. citizens to own or trade gold anywhere in the world, with exceptions for some jewelry and collector's coins. These prohibitions were relaxed starting in 1964 gold certificates were again allowed for private investors on April 24, 1964, although the obligation to pay the certificate holder on demand in gold specie would not be honored. By 1975 Americans could again freely own and trade gold. The Gold Reserve Act authorized the Exchange Stabilization Fund to use such assets as were not needed for exchange market stabilization to deal in government securities. The Gold Reserve Act had economic ramifications far beyond national finance. At that time many contracts stipulated that their monetary terms could be demanded in gold. Such gold clauses were intended to protect against the United States devaluing the dollar. When the Emergency Banking Act of 1933 and the Gold Reserve Act of 1934 outlawed the use of gold, such contracts became sources of
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controversy. In the gold clause case Norman vs. Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., 294 U.S. 240 (1935), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that gold clauses were invalid. However, Congress later reinstated the option to use gold clauses for obligations (new contracts) issued after October 1977 in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 5118 (http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/31/5118.html)(d)(2). The 2008 decision 216 Jamaica Avenue, LLC vs S&R Playhouse Realty Co.[3] established that a gold clause in contracts signed before 1933 was only suspended not erased, and under certain limited circumstances might be reactivated.
1. ^ http://www.fame.org/pdf/White%20House%20Statement%20on%20Proclamation%202072.pdf 2. ^ http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ355/choi/1934jan30.html 3. ^ 216 Jamaica Avenue, LLC vs S&R Playhouse Realty Co. (http://www.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf /08a0322p-06.pdf)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gold_Reserve_Act&oldid=548833478" Categories: United States federal currency legislation Gold legislation 1934 in law 1934 in the United States This page was last modified on 5 April 2013 at 13:35. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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