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Definitional (Conceptual) Formulae for Standard Deviation

(X - M) d x (deviations) (X-M)2 d2 x2 . . . . . . . . . . X = N= M= x2 = d2 = (X-M)2 = DEFINITIONAL BIASED Standard Deviation (OK for POPULATIONS only) =
( X M ) 2 N

or =

SS N

ANSWER: ________________ ********************************************* DEFINITIONAL UNBIASED Standard Deviation (OK for SAMPLES only) SD =
( X M 2 N 1

or SD =

SS N 1

ANSWER: ________________

Computational (Calculation) Formula for Standard Deviation

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X(scores)

X2 (square of each score) . . . . . . . . . . (This is SUM OF THE SQUARES OF THE SCORES)

X = X2 = N= M= COMPUTATIONAL BIASED Standard Deviation (OK for POPULATIONS only) =

X 2 M 2 N

ANSWER: ________________ ******************************* COMPUTATIONAL UNBIASED Standard Deviation (OK for SAMPLES only) SD =
X 2 (X ) 2 N N 1

ANSWER: ________________