MEDICAL INFORMATICS

Oleh; dr. Agung S. Dwi Laksana, MSc.PH

What is Medical Informatics?

Medical informatics has to do with all aspects of understanding and promoting the effective organization, analysis, management, and use of information in health care. While the field of medical informatics shares the general scope of these interests with some other health care specialties and disciplines, medical informatics has developed its own areas of emphasis and approaches that have set it apart from other disciplines and specialties.

For one, a common thread through medical informatics has been the emphasis on technology as an integral tool to help organize, analyze, manage, and use information. In addition, as professionals involved at the intersection of information and technology and health care, those in medical informatics have historically tended to be engaged in the research, development, and evaluation side of things, and in studying and teaching the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of data applications in health care. However, today medical informatics also counts among its profession many whose activities are focused on dimensions that include the administration and everyday collection and use of information in health care.

Formal Definition:

Informatics: the study of the application of information technology. Medical Informatics: the study of the application of information technology to medical science and health care delivery.

Practical Definition

Medical Informatics: The science of managing information for health care, research, education, and administration by applying, integrating, and evaluating information technology along with its associated policies, procedures, and organizational cultures.

Other definition

Medical informatics is the application of computers, communications and information technology and systems to all fields of medicine - medical care, medical education and medical research
(MF Collen, MEDINFO '80, Tokyo)

Medical Informatics is the branch of science concerned with the use of computers and communication technology to acquire, store, analyze, communicate, and display medical information and knowledge to facilitate understanding and improve the accuracy, timeliness, and reliability of decisionmaking.
(Warner, Sorenson and Bouhaddou, Knowledge Engineering in Health Informatics, 1997)

Sistem Informasi Kesehatan (SIK) adalah tatanan berbagai komponen data dan informasi kesehatan yang saling terkait satu dengan yang lainnya untuk menghasilkan data dan informasi tentang kondisi kesehatan dan kinerja kesehatan suatu wilayah

What information system in Medicine, Health Care

Health care billing, scheduling or research Electronic medical record (EMR) is a computerbased patient medical record.

Deal with

access of patient data by clinical staff at any given location accurate and complete claims processing by insurance companies building automated checks for drug and allergy interactions clinical notes prescriptions scheduling sending to and viewing by labs

Electronic patient chart of a health information system

Clinical Departments

Local Area Network Web Browser

Clinical Information System Clinical Data Server Vocabulary Server

Internet

Workstations

Web Server

Additional Information Sources

Resident Signout Editor (RSE)

Clinical Informatics

Clinical Informatics Clinical Databases: electronic medical records. Patient Privacy and Confidentiality: cryptology and distributed systems. Just in time clinical information: real-time delivery of medical information. Telemedicine: remote distribution/collection of medical information. Pharmaco-economics: Optimization and prediction of drug discovery and development.

Public Health Informatics

Public Health Informatics: Collection and distribution of population-wide medical information. Biosecurity: Real-time surveillance of manmade or natural disease outbreaks. Geospatial Analysis: Analysis of populationwide medical data. Population Confidentiality: Collecting population data without endangering the single individual.

A HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM CANNOT EXIST BY ITSELF, BUT IS A FUNCTIONAL ENTITY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF A COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH SYSTEM (SUATU SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN TIDAK DAPAT BERDIRI SENDIRI, MELAINKAN SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI SUATU SISTEM KES) EFFECTIVE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROVIDE INFORMATION SUPPORT TO THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS AT ALL LEVELS. HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS SHOULD BE TRANSFORMED INTO EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT TOOLS (SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN YANG EFEKTIF MEMBERIKAN DUKUNGAN INFORMASI BAGI PROSES PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DI SEMUA JENJANG. SISTEM INFORMASI HARUS DIJADIKAN SEBAGAI ALAT YANG EFEKTIF BAGI MANAJEMEN)

KEBIJAKAN SIKNAS

SIKNAS DIKEMBANGKAN DLM KERANGKA DESESNTRALISASI BID KES DLM MENCAPAI Indonesia Sehat 2010 SIKNAS MERUPAKAN BAGIAN DARI SKN SIKNAS DIBANGUN DARI JARINGAN SISTEM KES PROV DAN SISTEM KES KAB/KOTA DG MELIBATKAN MITRA SIKNAS EFEKTIF HRS DPT MENYEDIAKAN DATA & INFORMASI BG PENGAMBIL KEPUTUSAN & MASYARAKAT SIKNAS DIKEMBANGKAN SECARA BERTAHAP

KEGIATAN POKOK SIKNAS

1.

2.

3.

4.

Menata Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Memfasilitasi Pengembangan dan Penyelenggaraan SIK Daerah Menyelenggarakan pengumpulan, pengolahan, analisis dan penyajian data/informasi kes. Mengembangkan sdm pengelola data/info, dan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi serta pengembangan jejaring bank data

1. MENATA SISTEM
1.

Penyusunan aturan pengumpulan, pengolahan dan pemanfatan data/informasi kesehatan Penyusunan database kesehatan nasional Penyusunan prosedur komunikasi data

2.

3.

2. FASILITASI SIKDA
1.

2.
3. 4. 5.

Pendampingan pengembangan SIKDA Pendampingan pengolahan data/ informasi kesehatan di daerah Pendampingan pengembangan SDM pengelola data Pembuatan perangkat lunak (+/-)untuk pengolahan data/informasi di daerah Pengembangan model SIKDA

3. PENYELENGGARAAN
1.

2.
3.

Pengumpulan data kesehatan Pengolahan data kesehatan Analisis dan penyajian data/info kesehatan
Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Informasi Informasi Ringkas Kesehatan Booklet/Leaflet Data Data Kependudukan Publikasi Data/Info terpilih lainnya

4. JEJARING BANK DATA, SDM, TI

1. 2. 3.

4.

5.

6.

Pengelolaan Bank-data Kesehatan Pusat Pengelolaan Homepage Dep Kes Pemeliharaan Jaringan Komputer Departemen termasuk penyewaan jalur untuk internet Pendidikan, Pelatihan dan Pembinaan Teknis Tenaga pengelola data/informasi kesehatan Sosialisasi pemanfatan Teknologi Informasi di bidang kesehatan Pengembangan e-Goverment Departemen

ALUR LAPORAN SEWAKTU ERA SENTRALISASI

YANMED

BINKESMAS

Pusda

PPM-PL

SEKJEN (BIRO+PUSAT) ITJEN BPSDM

SP2RS

SP2TP

Profil dan Lap-Exe

Sur-Epi

Proyek dan SumDaya

RS Pr

Kanwil/DinKes Prop

DinKes Kab/Kota RS Kab UPT Puskesmas

DEPARTEMEN KESEHATAN
INDIKATOR SPM+IS

DINKES PROPINSI
Proyek ???
INDIKATOR SPM+IS DATA RS

KAB/KOTA KAB/KOTA SEHAT KAB/KOTA SEHAT SEHAT RS KAB

DINKES KAB/KOTA
DATA PUSKESMAS

DATA INFO

KAB/KOTA KAB/KOTA SEHAT KAB/KOTA SEHAT UPT KES SEHAT DI KAB/KOTA

KAB/KOTA KAB/KOTA SEHAT KAB/KOTA SEHAT SEHAT PUSKESMAS

RS

Pusk

SIRS-baru

Pusk

Dinkes Kab/Kota (Bankdata)

Pusk

SIP-baru

UPT

ALUR KOMUNIKASI DATA ERA DESENTRALISASI

BINKESMAS

Bank Data YANMED

UPT RS Pr
SEKJEN (BIRO+PUSAT) ITJEN BPSDM PPM-PL YANFAR

- Info Eksekutif
Dinkes Prop (bankdata)

RS
New-SIRS

- Indikator SPM + IS - Data Sumber Daya - Data Profil Kes Kab

Pusk

Dinkes Kab/Kota (Bankdata)

Surveilans Penyakit

Pusk

New-SIP

UPT

MASA DESENTRALISASI
Laporan operasional hanya sampai tingkat Kabupaten/Kota Dinkes Kabupaten/Kota menyampaikan data/info berupa hasil pelaksanaan SPM dan Kabupaten Sehat Secara bertahap Dinkes Kabupaten/Kota mengembangkan Bank Data yang dapat diakses oleh Propinsi dan Pusat Perlu dibuat model Bank Data Kesehatan Kabupaten/Kota

Bank Data

Data wilayah Data demografi Data sarana, tenaga & sumber daya Data lain-2 Pencapaian SPM dan IS 2010 Kebutuhan daerah

INDIKATOR SPM

47 STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL DI SEMUA KAB/KOTA Kab/kota menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan sesuai Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) SPM meliputi Jenis Pelayanan: Kes Ibu, Anak, Balita, KB, Imunisasi, Pengobatan, Jiwa, Gizi, Obstetrik & neonatal, Gadar KLB, Polio, TbParu, ISPA, HIV/AIDS, DBD, Diare Kesling, Pengendalian Vektor, Pengawasan TTU, Perilaku Sehat, Penyuluhan Napza Penyediaan Obat, Penyelenggaraan Pembiayaan KesKerja, KesUsila, Malaria, Kusta, Filaria

TOTAL 50 INDIKATOR

MORTALITAS: 4 INDIKATOR MORBIDITAS: 5 INDIKATOR STATUS GIZI: 2 INDIKATOR

TOTAL 11 INDIKATOR HASIL ANTARA

DERAJAT KESEHATAN

KEADAAN LINGKUNGAN: 2 INDIKATOR PERILAKU HIDUP: 2 INDIKATOR AKSES & MUTU YANKES: 5 INDIKATOR
TOTAL 9 INDIKATOR PROSES & MASUKAN

PELAYANAN KESEHATAN: 8 INDIKATOR SUMBER DAYA KESEHATAN: 13 INDIKATOR MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN: 5 INDIKATOR KONTRIBUSI LINTAS SEKTOR: 4 INDIKATOR
TOTAL 30 INDIKATOR

Integrasi Data
Data di Walikota Data di Gub

Lap RS

Data di RS Prop

Lap Program

Bank Data Dinkes Kab

Data Dinkes Prop

Report Form

LapPuskes

Data di UPT prop

Data Lain

Data Lain

Jejaring Info-Kesehatan

IndosatNet/TelkomNet/WasantaraNet Provider

Depkes Pusat

DinKes Prov

DinKes Kab Pemakai di rumah

RS Kab/Prov

UPT Kes