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T i u c h u n V i t n a m TCVN 5993 - 1995

Cht lng nc
Ly mu
Hng n !"# $u"n %& '( l) mu
Water quality - Sampling - Guidance on the preservation and handling of samples

1 *h+m %i ,- .ng
Tiu chun ny ra nhng hng dn chung v nhng vic cn lm khi bo qun v vn chuyn
mu nc.
Nhng hng dn ny c bit thch hop khi mu (mu on hoc mu t hop) khng th oc
phn tch tai ch m phi vn chuyn v phng th nghim phn tch.
/ Tiu chun t01ch n
Nhng tiu chun sau y p dung cng vi tiu chun ny :
SO 5667-1: 1980, Cht long nc. Ly mu. Phn 1: Hng dn lp chong trnh ly mu.
TCVN 5992-1995 (SO 5667-2: 1991): Cht long nc. Ly mu. Hng dn k thut ly mu.
TCVN 5997-1995 (SO 5667-8: 1993): Cht long nc. Ly mu. Hng dn ly mu nc ma
3 2"# $u"n mu
331 4+i c5ng
Cc loai nc, c bit l nc mt v nc thi, thng bj bin i nhng mc khc nhau
do cc tc ng l, ho v sinh vt hoc xy ra trong thi gian ly mu n khi phn tch. Bn cht
v tc ca nhng tc ng ny thng c th lm cho nng cc cht cn xc jnh sai khc
vi lc mi ly mu nu nh khng c cc ch trong cn thit khi vn chuyn mu v lu gi mu
phng th nghim trc khi phn tch.
Nu c nghi ng, cn tham kho kin cc nh phn tch v cc nh khoa hoc trc khi chon
phong php bo qun v x l mu.
Nguyn nhn gy bin i c rt nhiu, mt vi nguyn nhn trong s l:
- vi khun, to v cc sinh vt khc c th tiu thu mt s thnh phn c trong mu; chng cng c
th lm bin i bn cht ca cc thnh phn v tao ra cc thnh phn mi. Hoat ng sinh hoc
ny gy nh hng n, th du, hm long oxi ho tan, cacbon dioxit, cc hop cht nito, photpho
v i khi c siliic;
- mt s hop cht c th bj oxi ho bi xi ho tan trong mu hoc oxi khng kh (th du nh cc
hop cht hu co, st (), sunfua);
- mt s cht c th kt ta (th du nh CaCO3, Al(OH)3, Mg3(PO4)2) hoc bay hoi (th du nh oxi,
thu ngn, xianua);
- pH, dn, hm long cacbon dioxit c th bj thay i do hp thu cacbon dioxit t khng kh.
- cc kim loai ho tan hoc dang keo cng nh mt s hop cht hu co c th bj hp phu hoc
hp thu khng thun nghjch ln thnh bnh cha hoc ln cc hat rn c trong mu.
- cc sn phm polyme ho c th bj depolyme ho; ngoc lai cc hop cht on gin c th
polyme ho.
Mc ca cc tc ng ny phu thuc vo bn cht ho hoc v sinh hoc ca mu, vo nhit ,
su tip sc vi nh sng v vt liu lm bnh cha mu, vo thi gian lu gi mu, v vo cc iu
kin khc (th du yn hoc lc trong khi vn chuyn)...
Nhng bin i lin quan n mt cht ring bit c khi thay i c v mc ln tc , khng
nhng phu thuc vo loai nc m cn vo nhng iu kin v ma. Hon na cn nhn manh
rng nhng bin i ny thng nhanh v lm mu thay i trong vng t gi. Bi vy trong moi
trng hop phi ht sc ch lm gim cc tc ng ny v phn tch mu cng sm cng tt,
nht l khi phi phn tch nhiu thng s.
Nhng bin i phn ln l do cc qu trnh sinh hoc nn cn ch chon phong php bo qun
mu tt, khng lm mu nhim bn.
Ngay trong thi gian bo qun, mu cng c th bin i.
Cn ni rng cc phong php bo qun s t hu hiu trong trng hop nc cng th hon l
trng hop nc cng x l (dng chy ra t cc tram x l sinh hoc). Thuc t quan st thy
rng cc loai nc thi khc nhau th hin tnh cht khc nhau trong bo qun, tuy theo mu oc
ly t cc tram x l nc thi sinh hoat hay cng nghip.
Nc mt v nc ngm ni chung c th oc lu gi hu hiu hon. Trng hop i vi nc
ung, vn lu gi mu oc gii quyt d dng hon v t chju cc tc ng ho hoc v sinh hoc.
Do nhng bin i k trn, trong mt s php xc jnh nn ly mu on v phn tch ngay tai ch.
Cn ghi nh rng vic lu gi mu trong tho gian di chi c th oc vi mt s han ch cc
thng s cn xc jnh.
Mc d c rt nhiu nghin cu nhm ra nhng phong php lu gi mu tt, nhng khng c
nhng quy tc tuyt i no dng cho moi trng hop, moi hon cnh m khng c ngoai l.
Trong moi trng hop, phong php lu gi mu phi ph hop vi k thut phn tch tip sau.
Muc ch ca tiu chun ny l nu nhng phong php dng ph bin nht.
33/ Nh6ng %ic c7n th8c hin
3.2.1 Nap mu vo bnh cha
Trng hop cc mu dng xc jnh cc thng s l, ho hoc, mt ch on gin, tt nhin
khng y cho moi trng hop, l nap mu y bnh v y nt sao cho khng c khng kh
trn mu... iu han ch tong tc vi pha kh v su lc khi vn chuyn ( trnh thay i hm
long cacbon dioxit, v do pH; hidro cacbonat khng chuyn thnh cc kt ta cacbonat; St t
xu hng bj oxi ha, nh vy han ch oc su thay i mu ca mu,...)
Cc mu dng xc jnh vi sinh vt th khng oc nap y m cn mt khong khng kh
sau khi nt. iu cng d lc trc khi phn tch v trnh a cht nhim vo mu.
Bnh cha nhng mu phi bj ng lanh th khi bo qun khng oc nap y (xem 3.2.4).
3.2.2 Dng cc bnh cha thch hop
Chon v chun bj bnh cha l rt quan trong. Tiu chun ny nu mt s hng dn v vn
ny.
im co bn l cc bnh cha mu v nt khng oc:
- l nguyn nhn nhim bn (th du thu tinh bosilicat hoc vi xt c th lm tng hm long silic
oxit hoc natri);
- hp thu hoc hp phu cc cht cn xc jnh (th du hidro cacbon c th bj hp thu trong bnh
polyetylen, cc vt kim loai c th bj hp phu trn thnh bnh thu tinh, iu ny c th trnh bng
cch axit ho mu);
- phn ng vi cc cht no trong mu (th du florua phn ng vi thu tinh).
Cn nh rng dng cc bnh cha bng thu tinh m hoc nu (khng quang ho) lm gim ng
k cc hoat ng quang ho.
Nn dnh ring mt dy bnh cha cho mt php xc jnh ring, nh vy trnh oc ri ro nhim
ln nhau. Cn ht sc ch trnh dng nhng bnh cha cc cht xc jnh c nng cao
sau lai cha cc cht c nng thp. C th loai b cc bnh, nu iu kin kinh t cho php,
trnh loai nhim bn ny. Chng khng thch hop cho nhng thng s c bit nh thuc tr
su clo hu co.
Lun lun phi lm mu trng: dng nc ct, bo qun, phn tch nh mu kim tra su lua
chon v lm sach cc bnh cha mu.
Khi ly mu rn hoc na rn cn dng bnh rng ming.
3.2.3 Chun bj cc bnh cha
3.2.3.1 Cc mu phn tch ho hoc
phn tch cc long vt trong nc mt v nc thi, thng ra k cc bnh mi gim kh
nng gy nhim bn mu; cch ra v cht liu bnh cha phu thuc vo thnh phn cn phn
tch.
Ni chung, dung cu thu tinh mi cn ra bng nc cha cht ty ra loai ht bui v cc vt
liu ng gi bm lai, sau trng k bng nc ct hoc nc trao i ion. phn tch vt ni
chung, bnh cha cn oc nap y axit clohydric hoc axit nitric 1 mol/l v ngm t nht mt ngy,
sau trng bng nc ct hoc nc trao i ion.
xc jnh phosphat, silic, bo v cc cht hoat ng b mt, khng oc dng cc cht ty ra
ra bnh cha. phn tch vt cc hop cht hu co, cn x l c bit cc bnh cha theo cc
tiu chun tong ng (xem 3.2.3.2).
3.2.3.2 Cc mu phn tch thuc tr su, dit c v d long ca chng
Ni chung phi dng bnh cha thu tinh (nu cng tt), v cht do, tr polytetrafloetylen (PTFE),
c th gy ra cc yu t cn tr nht l khi phn tch vt.
Tt c cc bnh cha cn oc ra bng nc v cht ty ra, sau trng k bng nc ct
hoc nc trao i ion, sy kh 105oC trong 2 gi ri ngui trrc khi trng bng dung mi
chit s dng phn tch. Cui cng lm kh bng dng khng kh hay nito sach.
Ngoi ra nhng bnh cha dng, sau khi ngm vi axeton 12 gi, trng bng hexan v sy nh
trn, c th dng lai oc.
3.2.3.3 Cc mu phn tch vi sinh
Bnh cha phi oc nhit kh trng 175oC trong 1 gi m khng gii phng ra bt ky ho cht
no gy c ch hoat tnh sinh hoc, lm cht hoc kch thch tng trng.
Khi dng nhit kh trng thp hon (kh trng bng hoi nc) c th dng bnh cha
polycacbonat, polypopylen chju nhit. Np hoc nt u phi chju oc nhit kh trng nh
bnh.
Mt iu co bn l bnh cha khng oc c vt axit, kim hoc cc cht c. Bnh thu tinh cn
oc ra bng nc v cht ty ra, sau trng k bng nc ct. Cng c th trng bng axit
nitric 10% (th tch/th tch) ri trng k bng nc ct loai ht vt cc kim loai nng hoc
cromat d.
Nu mu cha clo, cn thm natri thiosunfat (Na2S2O3) trc khi kh trng (xem bng 3). iu
loai tr kh nng c ch vi khun do clo.
3.2.4 Lm lanh v ng lanh mu
Mu cn oc gi nhit thp hon khi ly. Bnh cha cn nap gn y nhng khng hon ton
y.
Cn nhn manh rng lm lanh hoc ng lanh mu chi c tc dung nu thuc hin ngay sau khi ly
mu. Nu c th, nn dng bnh lanh hay my lm lanh trn xe u noi ly mu.
3.2.4.1 Lm lanh on gin (nc hoc t lanh, 2oC n 5oC v mu noi ti trong a s
trng hop l bo qun mu trong khi vn chuyn n phng th nghim v trong thi gian
ngn trc khi phn tch. Lm lanh khng th xem l bin php bo qun lu di, nht l vi cc
mu nc thi (xem bng 1).
3.2.4.2 Ni chung, ng lanh (-20oC) cho php ko di thi gian bo qun mu. Tuy nhin, cn
kim tra k thut ng lanh v lm tan bo m cho mu ch lai trang thi cn bng ban u
trc khi phn tch. Trong trng hop ny nn dng bnh cha bng cht do (th du polyvinyl
clorua)
Bnh bng thu tinh khng thch hop ng lanh. Cc mu phn tch vi sinh vt khng oc lm
ng lanh.
3.2.5 Loc hoc ly tm mu
Cc cht lo lng, cn lng, to v cc vi sinh vt khc c th oc loai i lc ly mu hoc ngay
sau bng cch loc mu qua giy hoc mng loc, hoc ly tm. D nhin loc s khng thch hop
nu mng loc gi lai mt hoc nhiu thnh phn cn phn tch. Cn bn l mng loc khng oc
gy nhim mu, phi oc ra k trc khi dng v ph hop vi phong php phn tch cui
cng.
Nhiu khi phong php phn tch yu cu tch ring cc dang tan v khng tan (th du ca mt kim
loai) bng cch loc.
Dng mng loc cn lu v nhiu kim loai nng v cht hu co c th bj hp phu ln b mt, v
cc cht trong mng c th tan vo mu.
3.2.6 Thm cht bo qun
Mt s yu t vt l, ho hoc c th n jnh bng cch thm ho cht truc tip v mu sau khi ly
hoc vo bnh cha trc khi ly mu.
Nhiu ho cht, nhiu nng khc nhau oc khuyn nghj dng. Thng thng nht l:
- cc axit
- cc dung djch bazo
- cc cht dit sinh vt
- cc thuc th c bit cn bo qun mt s thnh phn nht jnh (th du xc jnh oxi,
xianua v sulfua tng s yu cu n jnh mu tai ch (xem cc tiu chun thch hop).
C"nh !,#9 T0,nh :ng thu; ng<n =>>? cl#0ua =HgCl/? %& -h@nyl thu; ng<n =>>? a'@tat
=CH3CA/HgCBH5?3
Cn nh rng mt s cht bo qun (th du cc axit, clorofom) d gy nguy him. Ngi lm vic
vi cc cht cn oc cnh bo trc v nhng nguy him c th xy ra v cch tu bo v .
Cc cht bo qun nht thit khng oc gy cn tr vic xc jnh, nu nghi ng, cn phi th
trc su ph hop ca chng. Su pha long mu do thm cht bo qun cn phi oc tnh n
khi phn tch v tnh ton kt qu. Nn dng dung djch cht bo qun m c chi cn thm
th tch nh vo mu. iu cho php b qua su pha long trong a s trng hop.
Su thm cht bo qun c th lm thay i bn cht vt l, ho hoc ca mt s thnh phn. Do
cn bo m chc chn rng su thay i l khng nh hng n su xc jnh tip theo. (Th du
axit ho c th lm tan cc thnh phn dang keo hoc rn, v do phi ht sc ch nu muc
ch l xc jnh cc thnh phn ho tan. Khi phn tch c tnh i vi sinh vt nc, cn phi
trnh su ho tan ca mt s thnh phn, c bit l cc kim loai nng-rt c dang ion. Do
cn phn tch mu sm).
Cn lm mu trng, c bit l vi php xc jnh vt cc kim loai, xem xt kh nng cht bo
qun c th a thm cht cn xc jnh vo mu (th du cc axit thng cha long nh asen,
ch, thu ngn) hay khng. Trong trng hop nh vy cn gi dung djch cht bo qun chun
bj mu trng.
333 ChuyDn nghE
Nh cp 3.1, khng th c quy tc tuyt i cho bo qun; thi gian bo qun, bn cht
bnh cha v hiu qu ca qu trnh bo qun khng nhng phu thuc vo cc thnh phn cn
phn tch cng nng ca chng m cn vo bn cht ca mu. Bi vy cc bng di chi
oc xem nh nhng goi .
iu cn bn l phi khng c khc bit ln trong kt qu xc jnh mu va ly v mu oc
bo qun; do nhng ngi lm phn tch cn c bit ch xem nhng khuyn nghj trong cc
bng t 1 n 5 c thch hop cho mu ca ho hay khng.
Cc tiu chun qui jnh cc phong php phn tch, khi c th, u c chi r cc phong php
bo qun nn dng.
Hon na, c th xy ra su khng ph hop gia cc phong php phn tch cn lm v cc cht
bo qun cng nh bnh cha. Khi , thng cn ly nhiu mu lp ca cng mt loai nc v
x l bng cc cht bo qun khc nhau, v nh vy c th tm ra k thut bo qun ph hop hon
c vi mi php xc jnh . Vic lua chon phong php bo qun mu lun l ch cn tham
kho kin cc nh phn tch.
F NhGn +ng mu
Cc bnh cha mu cn nh du r v bn trnh nhm ln trong phng th nghim.
Ngoi ra, khi ly mu cn ghi ch ngay nhng chi tit gip ch cho vic gii trnh kt qu thu oc
(ngy gi ly mu, tn ngi ly mu, bn cht v long cht bo qun thm vo,...). C nhiu
cch cho php lm nhng iu trn (nhn, bn ghi, ...)
Nhng mu c bit ca cht khng bnh thng cn nh du r v km theo bn m t v
nhng bt thng nhn thy. Nu l nhng cht c hai hoc rt c hai, th du cc axit, cn
ghi r rng.
5 VGn chuyHn mu
Cc bnh cha mu cn oc bo v v lm kn chng khng bj hng hoc gy mt mt mt
phn mu trong khi vn chuyn. Cn ng gi bo v cc bnh cha khi bj nhim bn t bn
ngoi v bj v, v vt liu ng gi khng oc l ngun nhim bn. Trong khi vn chuyn, cc
mu cn oc gi lanh v trnh nh sng, nu c th, t mi mu trong mt v ring khng thm
nc.
Nu thi gian vn chuyn vot qu thi gian bo qun cho php th vn phn tch mu v cn bo
co r thi gian t khi ly mu n khi phn tch sau khi tham kho kin ngi gii trnh kt
qu.
B TiD- nhGn mu t+i -hIng th1 nghim
Khi mu oc ch n phng th nghim v khng th phn tch ngay th mu cn oc bo qun
trong nhng iu kin trnh oc nhim bn t bn ngoi cng nh bt ky thay i no v hm
long ca nhng cht cn xc jnh. Nn dng phng lm lanh v ti bo qun mu.
Trong moi trng hop, nht l khi cn coi sc hng loat mu, cn kim tra s bnh nhn oc so
vi s bnh theo bn ghi ca mi mu.
2"ng 1 - C,c JK thuGt chung th1ch h- LH !"# $u"n mu-
*h<n t1ch h#, hMc %& h#, l)
Thng tin trong bng 1 chi l hng dn chung bo qun mu. Bn cht phc tap ca nc tu
nhin v nc thi yu cu trc khi phn tch phi kim tra n jch ca tng loai mu x l
theo cc phong php nghj trong bng 1.

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1 2 3 4 5 6
axit
hoc
kim
P hoc G
Lm lanh 2o
n 5o
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Cn phn tch mu
tai ch ly (c bit
l mu nhiu kh ho
tan)

Nhm
- ho
tan1)
P
Loc ngay khi
ly mu, axit
ho nc loc
n pH 2
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng
Nhm tan 1) v
nhm bm ln cht
lo lng c th xc
jnh t cng mt
mu

- tng s
P hoc G
axit ho n
pH2
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

Amoniac
tu do v
ion ho
P hoc G
Axit ho bng
H2SO4 n
pH3, lm
lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
SO 5664
2
SO 6778
23
SO
715026,
27
Lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
6 h

AO
(halogen
hu co
c th bj
hp phu)
G
Axit ho n
pH2 bng
HNO3, lm
lanh 2oC n
5oC, ti
Phng
th
nghim
3 ngy
Phn tch sm.
Tham kho Tiu
chun tong ng v
chi tit cho cc loai
nc c bit
SO 9562
55
Asen
P hoc G
Axit ho n
pH2
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng
Dng HCl nu sau
phn tch bng k
thut hidrua
SO 6595
19
Bari
P hoc BG
em phn
nhm
Khng
dng
H2SO4

BOD
(Nhu cu
oxi sinh
ho)
P hoc G (G khi BOD
thp)
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC,
noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

SO 5815
8
Bo v
Borat
P

Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

SO 93905
Bromua
v cc
hop cht
ca
Brom
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Gi mu trnh nng
Cadmi
P hoc BG
em nhm SO 5961
9
Canxi
P hoc G - Phng
th
nghim
24 h
C th n 48 h
nhng cn ch
nhng mu c
dn cao hon 70
ms/m)
SO 6058
10
Axit ho n
pH2
P hoc
G
1 thng
Mu axit ho (khng
dng H2SO4) c th
dng xc jnh cc
kim loai khc
SO 6059
11
SO 7980
41
Cacbon
dioxit
P hoc G - Tai ch -

Cacbon
hu co
G
Axit ho bng
H2SO4 n
pH2, lm
lanh 2oC n
5oC, noi
ti
Phng
th
nghim
1 tun
K thut bo qun
phu thuc phong
php phn tch
SO 8245
42

P
ng lanh
n -20oC
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng
ng lanh (-20oC)
chi dng cho mt s
trng hop

Clorua
P hoc G - Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

SO 9297
50
Clo d
P hoc G - Tai ch -
Gi ti khi vn
chuyn. Phn tch
sm
SO 7393
28 2930
Clorophyl
P hoc G
Lm lanh 0oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

Loc ri ng
lanh phn
cn lai
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

Crom
(V)
P hoc BG
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

Crom
tng s
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 9174
48
Coban
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 8288
44
COD
(nhu cu
oxi ho
hoc)
P hoc G (G a dng hon
khi COD thp)
Axt ho n
pH2 bng
H2SO4, lm
lanh 2oC n
5oC, gi noi
ti
Phng
th
nghim
5 ngy

SO 6060
12
Mu
P hoc G - Tai ch -

SO 7887
34
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC, gi
noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

dn
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Nn o tai ch SO 7888
35
ng
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 7828
44
ianua
d bj gii
phng
P K thut bo qun phu thuc phong php phn tch
SO 6730-2
21
ianua
tng s
P K thut bo qun phu thuc phong php phn tch
SO 6703-
120
Cht ty
ra
em cc cht hoat ng b mt

Cn kh
em cn tng s

Florua
P nhng khng
PTFE
- Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

SO10395-
163
Du, m,
hidrocac
bon
C, ra bng dung
mi dng chit (th
du pentan)
Chit tai ch nu
c th, lm lanh
2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Ngay sau khi ly
mu nn thm thuc
th dng cho phn
tch hoc tch,
hoc chit ngay.
Ch quy tc an
ton

Cc kim
loai nng
(tr Hg)
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 8288
44
Hidrazin
C
Axit ho bng HCl
n 1 mol/l
(100ml/1l mu),
gi noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24h

Hidrocac
bon
em m

Hidrocac
bonat
em kim

odua
G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Mu cn trnh
nh nng truc tip

Kim ho n
pH11
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

St ()
P hoc BG
Axt ho bng HCl
n pH2 v ui
oxi khng kh
tai ch
hoc
phng
th
nghim

St tng
s
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 6392
14
NitoKen
an
(Keldah)
P hoc BG
Axit ho bng
H2SO4 n
pH2, lm lanh
2oC n 5oC, gi
noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Khng axit ho nu
dng mu xc
jnh c amoni tu do
SO 5663
1
Ch
P hoc BG em nhm
Khng nn dng
H2SO4
SO 8288
44
Liti
P - Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

Axit ho n
pH2
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng
Axit ho cho php
xc jnh Liti v cc
kim loai khc trong
mu

Magie
P hoc BG em canxi
SO 6059
11
SO 7980
41
Mangan
P hoc BG em nhm SO 6333
15
Thu
ngn
tng s
BG
Axit ho n
pH2 bng HNO3
v thm K2Cr2O7
n nng cui
cng 5% (khi
long /khi
long)
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng
Cn m bo l bnh
cha mu khng bj
nhim
SO 5666
3, 4, 5
Niken
P hoc BG em nhm
SO 8288
44
Nitrat
P hoc BG
Axit ho n
pH2 hoc lm
lanh 2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
SO 7890
36
37,38
Loc tai ch bng
mng loc c l
0,45 m v lm
lanh 2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
48 h
Dng cho nc mt
v nc ngm

Nitrit
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

SO 6777
22
Mi
G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
( phn
tch jnh
long)
6 h
C th tin hnh tai
ch (phn tch jnh
tnh)

Clo hu
co
em AO
Ortophot
phat tng
s
B hoc G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Phn tch sm
SO 6878-
124
Ortophot
phat ho
B hoc G
Loc mu ngay tai
ch, lm lanh 2oC
Phng 24 h
Phn tch sm
SO 6878-
tan n 5oC
th
nghim
124
Oxi
P hoc G - Tai ch -

SO 5813
6

G
C jnh oxi tai
ch v gi noi
ti
Phng
th
nghim
Ti a 4
ngy
C jnh oxi ph hop
vi phong php
phn tch oc dng
SO 5814
7
Ozon
- - Tai ch -

Chi s
pemanga
nat
G
Axit ho bng
H2SO4 n
pH2, lm lanh
2oC n 5oC, gi
noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
2 ngy
Cn phn tch sm .
Axit ho ph hop vi
giai oan u ca
phong php phn
tch
SO 8467
47

P
ng lanh n
-20oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

Thuc
tr su,
clo hu
co
G (ra bng dung
mi)
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC, gi noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Nn thm ngay cht
chit s dng
phn tch hoc tin
hnh chit tai ch

Thuc
tr su
photpho
hu co
G (ra bng dung
mi)
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC, gi noi ti
Phng
th
nghim
24h
Chit sm sau khi
ly mu, khng nn
qu 24 gi

Du m
v cc
dn xut

em du, m v hidrocacbon

pH
P hoc G - Tai ch
Phn tch
Vn chuyn
nhit thp hon
nhit khi ly
mu
Phng
th
nghim
cng sm cng tt
v tt nht l ngay
sau khi ly mu

Chi s
phenol
BG
c ch oxi ho
sinh ho bng
CuSO4 v axit
ho bng H3PO4
n pH2
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
K thut bo qun
phu thuc vo k
thut phn tch oc
dng
SO 6439
16
Photpho
ho tan
BG hoc G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC. Loc ngay tai
ch
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Nn dng bnh thu
tinh iod ho khi nng
P thp.
(od ho bng cch
cho tinh th iod vo
bnh, y kn v un
nng 60oC, trong
8h. Ch rng iod
c th tan vo mu
v gy cn tr phn
SO 6878-
124
tch. Nn tham kho
kin ngi phn
tch trc khi dng
k thut bo qun
ny
Photpho
tng s
BG hoc G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h xem trn

Axit ho bng
H2SO4 n pH2
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng xem trn
SO 9964-
260
SO 9964-
361
Kali
em Liti SO
996562
Selen
B hoc BG
Axit ho n
pH1, tr khi c
selenua. Nu c
th kim ho bng
NaOH n pH11
Phng
th
nghim
1 thng

Silicat
ho tan
P
Loc tai ch , Axit
ho bng H2SO4
n pH2, lm
lanh 2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

Silicat
tng s
P
nh vi silicat ho
tan
Phng
th
nghim
24 h

Bac
P hoc BG em nhm
Khng dng HCl.
Mt vi dang bac
cn n jnh bng
cch thm xianua

Natri
em Liti
SO 9964-
159;
SO 9964-
361
Sunfat
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
Ch trong nc
thi c th c H2S,
do cn thm
H2O2 vo
mu.Nhng mu c
BOD cao
(200mg/l), cn
thm HCl v ch
c hai cua H2S
thot ra
SO 9280
49
Sunfua
(d bj
gii
phng)
P hoc G
Nu cn, kim
ho mu ngay
bng
natricacbonat,
Phng
th
nghim
1 tun
n jnh theo Tiu
chun hin hnh

sau thm km
axetat
Sunfua
P hoc G
Nu cn, kim
ho ngay mu
bng
natricacbonat.
Nap mu y
bnh ui ht
khng kh
Phng
th
nghim
24 h
Phn tch sm. n
jnh theo Tiu chun
hin hnh

Sunfit
P hoc G
C jnh tai ch
bng cch thm 1
ml EDTA 2,5%
(khi long/ khi
long) cho mi
100 mu
Phng
th
nghim
48 h

Cc cht
hoat
ng b
mt
cation
G
lm lanh 2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
48 h
Trng bnh cha
bng thu tinh nh
m t trong SO
7875-1 v 7875-2.
trnh hp phu ln
thnh bnh , thm tai
ch 5mg/l alkyletoxi
khng ion. Phn tch
sm
SO 7875-
132
Cc cht
hoat
ng b
mt
anion
G
Axit ho n
pH2 bng
H2SO4, lm lanh
2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
48 h
Trng bnh cha
bng thu tinh nh
m t trong SO
7875-1. Phn tch
sm
SO 7875-
132
Cc cht
hoat
ng b
mt
khng
ion
G
Thm fomaldehit
40% (th tch/th
tch), lm lanh
2oC n 5oC v
bo m nap y
bnh
Phng
th
nghim
48h
Trng bnh cha
bng thu tinh nh
m t trong SO
7875-2. Phn tch
sm
SO 7875-
233
Cht lo
lng v
sa lng
P hoc G - Phng
th
nghim
48h
Phn tch sm, tt
nht l ngay tai ch

Thic
P hoc BG em nhm
Khng dng HNO3.
Nu c co thic,
dng axit axetic
bo qun mu cho
phn tch thic tng
s, nhng nu yu
cu c bit, ng
lanh mu v phn
tch sm

cng
tng s

em canxi

Cn tng
s
P hoc G
Lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim

SO 7072
25
uc
P hoc G - Phng 24 h
Tt nht l phn tch
tai ch

th
nghim
ran
P hoc BG em nhm

Km
P hoc BG em nhm

Ho tan : ngha l nhng cht lot qua mng loc c c l 0,45 m

2"ng / - ^_- 'D- c,c thNng OP th@# JY thuGt !"# $u"n =J`m th@# !"ng 1?
Bng 2 nhm gip ngi dng chon k thut bo qun ng thi cho nhiu thng s. Tuy nhin
cn kim tra kh nng p dung trong tng trong hop trn co s d liu cho tng cht. Nhng
thng s khng oc lit k trong bng 2 thng khng th bo qun bng cc phong php ny
2"#
$u"n
!ang
Th1ch h- ch# ChNng th1ch h- ch#
1 2 3
Axit ho
n pH2
Cc kim loai kim
Nhm
Amoniac (khng dng khi
cn xc jnh ring amoniac
tu do v tng s)
Asen
Cc kim loai kim th
Nitrat
cng tng s
Photpho tng s
Cc kim loai nng
ianua
Sunfua
Ccbonat, hidrocacbon, CO2
Sunfit, SO2
Thiosunfat
Nitrit
Photphonat (nu c bit yu cu)
phng v este
Hexametylentetramin
Khng dng H2SO4 cho canxi, stronti, bari, radi, ch.
Khng dng HCl cho bac, tali, ch, bitmut, thu ngn ()
v stibi
Khng dng HNO3 cho thic.
Kim ho
n pH1
iodua Hu ht cc hop cht hu co, cc kim loai nng, c
bit l trang thi ho trj thp. Mt vi kim loai tao
anion trang thi ho trj cao hon (phu thuc vo su c
mt ca anion, tra bng tan)
Amoniac/amoniac
Amin/amin
Photpho tng s
Hidrazin
Hidroxilamin
lm lanh
2oC n
5oC
axit, kim
Amoni
Bromua, cc hop cht brom
Clorophyl
odua
Nito Ken-dan (Keldahl)
dn
Nitrat
Nitrit
Mi
Ortophotphat

Photpho
Sunfat
Cc cht hoat ng b mt
cation
Cn kh
Cn tng s
Cc php th sinh hoc

ng
lanh su
(-20oC)
Clorrophyl
COD
Cc php th sinh hoc, th
c tnh
Ccbon hu co
Chi s pemanganat
Sinh vt, khi cn phn bit hm long cht lng v
long cha t bo.
Cc kh ho tan
Nhn bit vi sinh vt
C th c su thay i xy ra vi nhiu cht tan, yu cu
phi lm ng th sau khi tan bng
Kt ta (v polyme ho) v c th kh ho tan tr lai.
Mt vi polyaxit bj t mach.
Cn nh gi mc thch hop trc khi dng.

2"ng 3 - CY thuGt chung th1ch h- ch# !"# $u"n mu - *h<n t1ch %i Oinh %Gt

ThNng OP
c7n
nghin
cQu
L#+i
!Rnh
chQa
CY thuGt
!"# $u"n
N5i
-h<n
t1ch
ThZi gian
!"# $u"n
tPi La Lb
nghE
t0c Jhi
-h<n t1ch
Ch[ th1ch
Tiu
chun
=^P th@#
-h. l.c
]?
1 2 3 4 5 6
m vi
khun tng
s
Coli tng
s
Coli chju
nhit
Streftocoli
phn
Salmonella
Shigella...
Bnh
cha tit
trng
lm lanh
2oC n
5oC
Phng
th
nghim
8 h (nc
ung,
nc mt,
nc
ngm v
bn)
Vi cc mu nc oc
clo ho hoc brom ho cn
ly vo bnh (trc khi tit
trng) cha Na2S2O3 (ni
chung 0,1 ml dung djch
Na2S2)3 10% (m/m) cho
mi 125 ml mu)
Vi cc mu c kim loai
nng ln hon 0,01 mg/l,
thm vo bnh cha (
oc tit trng trc) 0,3 ml
NTA 15% (m/m) cho mi
500ml mu (xem 3.2.6)

(m/m Khi long / khi long ; v/v Th tch / Th tch)
2"ng F - C,c JY thuGt chung th1ch h- LH !"# $u"n mu - *h<n t1ch Oinh %Gt
Cc thng s sinh hoc cn xc jnh l rt nhiu v i khi thay i t loi sinh vt ny sang loi
sinh vt khc. Do , khng th tao ra mt bng gm moi vic cn lm bo qun mu loai ny.
Thng tin trong bng 4 do chi gm nhng thng s thng nghin cu i vi mt s nhm
ng, thuc vt.
Trc khi nghin cu chi tit cn chon cc thng s quan tm.

ThNng
OP
nghin
cQu
L#+i !Rnh chQa
*SCht T# =*UV
*TWUV*VCV*UT?XS
Thu; tinh
2XS Thu; tinh
!#Oilicat
CY thuGt !"#
$u"n
N5i
-h<n
t1ch
ThZi gian !"#
$u"n tPi La Lb
nghE t0c Jhi
-h<n t1ch =NDu
JhNng chc 0d
thZi gian !"#
$u"n l& JhNng
$uan t0Mnge f1
th,ngf l& !"#
$u"n g &ng?
Ch[ th1ch Tiu chun
=c#n OP l&
th@# -h.
l.c ]?
1 2 3 4 5 6
m v
nhn
dang
SO 7828
31
SO 8265
43
SO 9391
54
Sinh
vt y
ln
khng
xong
sng
- Cc
mu
ln
P hoc G
Thm 70%(v/v)
etanol
Thm
fomaldehyt 40%
(v/v) trung
ho bng
natriborat
oc dung djch
2% n 5%(v/v)
Phng
th
nghim
Phng
th
nghim
1 nm
1 nm
Cn gan nc
trong mu
trc nng
cht bo
qun at cuc
ai

Cc
mu
nh (th
du mu
i
chng)
G
Chuyn vo
dung djch bo
qun cha
etanola 70%
(v/v),
fomandehyt
40% (v/v) v
gryxerol theo t
l 100:2:1 tong
ng
Phng
th
nghim
V han u cu
nhng phong
php c bit
cho nhng
nhm khng
xong sng bj
bin dang do
x l bo qun
thng thng
(th
du
Platihelminthe)

C"nh !,#-H5i
h#0mal@hyt
Lic3 ChNng
LH nhibu mu
j chk l&m
%ic

Sinh
vt
sng
bm
G
Thm mt phn
th tch dung
djch Lugol vo
100 phn th
tch mu. (Dung
Phng
th
nghim
1 nm mu noi
ti

djch Lugol gm
20g K v 10g
iod trong 1l, gi
trong bnh thu
tinh mu ti
Thuc
vt ni
G
em sinh vt
sng bm
Phng
th
nghim
1 nm mu noi
ti

ng
vt ni
G
Thm
fomaldehyt 40%
(v/v) at 4%
(v/v), hoc thm
dung djch Lugol
nh cho sinh vt
sng bm
Phng
th
nghim
1 nm Nu c hin
tong bac
mu cn thm
dung djch
Lugol nhiu
hon

Khi
long
toi v
kh

Sinh
vt y
ln
khng
xong
sng
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Tai ch
hoc
trong
phng
th
nghim
24 h Khng ng
lanh -20o. Cn
phn tch sm.
Khng qu
24h.

Thuc
vt ln

Sinh
vt
sng
bm

Thuc
vt ni

ng
vt ni

C -
Tai ch

Khi
long
tro

Sinh
vt y
ln
khng
xong
sng
P hoc G
Loc, lm lanh
2oC n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
2 tun
Thuc
vt ln

Sinh
vt
sng
bm
Thuc
vt ni

Th
c
tnh
P hoc G
lm lanh 2oC
n 5oC
Phng
th
nghim
24 h Thi gian bo
qun thay i

ng lanh n
-20oC
Phng
th
nghim
2 tun tuy theo
phong php
phn tch oc
dng

1) Schoerbel,. Methoden der Hidrobiologic. Sussasserbiologie, xut bn ln 3, NB Fischer,
Stuttgart, 1980.
2"ng 5 - C,c JY thuGt chung th1ch h- LH !"# $u"n mu - C,c thNng OP h#, hMc -hlng '+


ThNng OP
nghin cQu
L#+i !Rnh
chQa
*SCht
T# =*UV
*TWUV *VCV
*UT?
XS Thu;
tinh 2XS
Thu; tinh
!#Oilicat
CY thuGt !"#
$u"n
N5i -h<n
t1ch
ThZi gian
!"# $u"n
tPi La
JhuyDn
nghE
t0c Jhi
-h<n t1ch
=NDu
JhNng
chc 0d
thZi gian
!"# $u"n
l& JhNng
$uan
t0Mng9
Nu f1
th,ngf l&
!"# $u"n
g &ng?
Ch[ th1ch Tiu chun
=c#n OP l&
th@# -h.
l.c ]?
! 2 3 4 5 6
Hoat
alpha
Hoat beta
P
1. Nu mun
phn tch ring
hoat cht tan
v cht lo lng
th loc ngay
Phng th
nghim
Cng
nhanh
cng tt
Ch an ton v
che chn phu
thuc hoat
ca mu. Cnh
bo-iu co bn
l
SO 9696
56
SO 9697
57
2. Thm 20ml
1ml HNO3 50%
(v/v) vo cho 1l
trnh ht phi bui
phng xa, hoc
dnh vo da,

mu. pH phi
nh hon 1 .
3. Gi ch ti,
2oC n 5oC
qun o
od phng xa P
Bnh oc
x l bng
iod khng
phng xa
60oC n
khi hon
ton ph kn
ri trng
bng etanol,
cui cng
ra k bng
nc n
khng cn
iod tan ra.
Hoc thm
Na lm
cht mang
1. iu chinh pH
n 8 n 0,1
bng dung djch
NaOH
2. Thm 0,1g
0,01g Na khng
phng xa cho 1l
mu.
3. Thm 2 n
4ml
natrihypoclorit
(10%(m/m)) cho
1l mu, cn d
clo tu do
Phng th
nghim
Cng
nhanh
cng tt
Khng oc
thm iodua vo
mu ang c mi
trng axit (iu
c bit quan
trong nu dng
mt mu kt hop
o hoat tnh
alpha v beta)
Khng dng
amoniac tao
mi trng kim

Hoat
gama (cho
ng
P
1. Nu c cht
rn lo lng v
mun o hoat
ring tng phn
rn,
Phng th
nghim
Phu thuc
chu ky
bn hu
ca
nguyn t
cn
nghin
cu Chu
ky bn
Ch an ton,
che chn phu
thuc vo hoat
ca mu.

vj radon v
iod phng
xa)
ho tan hoc
cht rn khng
d ho tan th loc
mu v x l
thnh hai phn
ring.
2. Thm mt
long bit
dung djch ng
vj khng phng
xa ca cht
nghin cu vo
mu.
Vi nhng mu
cha kim loai,
thng axit ho
n pH2; axit
thm vo phi
khng oc gy
kt ta hoc bay
hoi nguyn t
cn nghin cu.
hu cng
ngn
cng cn
phn tch
sm.
Cnh bo: Phi
trnh ht phi bui
phng xa cng
nh dnh vo
da qun o

Vi ng vj
radon c nhng
yu cu ring
c bit (xem
phn ring).
3. Gi trong bnh
nt kn, trong
ti, 2oC n
5oC
adon ng
vj
adi t
radon
BG
Dng nt c
ng vo v
ng dn ra
c kha
(vi) khi
y nt
nc khng
dng ln
cc ng
1. Nap mu y
bnh, khng
c bot hoc trn
bn. Nu c th
th y nt di
mt nc
2. Vn chuyn v
gi mu nhit
hoi thp hon
nhit khi ly.
Khng ng lanh
3.Nu khng c
cht rn,axit ho
n pH2 bng
HNO3
Phng th
nghim
Cng
nhanh
cng tt
trong
vng 48h
do chu ky
bn hu
Bnh cht do c
th l xp i vi
radon qua thnh.
adon l kh v
c th tao sol kh
polomin.
un l v sinh
tt l nht thit.

adi bng
cc phong
php khc
(xem hoat
alpha v
beta)
P
1. Nh cho hoat
alpha v beta.
2. Axit ho n
pH1 bng
HNO3 v ghi th
tch axit thm
vo
Phng th
nghim
Trong
vng 2
thng
Ch an ton v
che chn phu
thuc vo hoat
ca mu.
C"nh !,#-
T0,nh h[t -h"i
!.i -hlng '+
h#mc LH 1nh
%&# aV $u7n ,#

Stronti phng
xa
P
Nh cho hoat
alpha v beta,
nhng c th
thm long nh
strontinitrat
khng phng xa
lm cht
mang
Phng th
nghim
Cng
nhanh
cng tt
v trong
vng 2
thng

Triti kh hoc
nc triti
BG
Trnh trao i
vi khng kh v
nc khng
phng xa
Phng th
nghim
Cng
nhanh
cng tt
v trong
vng
1 thng
SO 9698
58
Cesi phng
xa
P
em stronti
phng xa (dng
CoNO3 lm cht
Phng th
nghim
Trong
vng 2
tun

mang)
ran
P
Th tch mu 1
n 5 lit. Axit ho
n pH1 bng
HNO3
Phng th
nghim1
Trong
vng 2
tun

Plutonic
BG
Th tch mu 5
n 50 lit. Axit
ho bng HNO3
n pH1

Ch thch :
1) Trnh nhim bn mu, nht l khi hoat ca mu thp. Mt vi noi ly mu c hoat c th o
oc trong t hoc khng kh , hoc trong nc khc nc ly mu. Cc phng th nghim ho hoc
phng xa v thng thng cng nh mt s thit bj dn dung c th cha vt liu phng xa.
2) Mt s bnh cha bng cht do cho nc thm qua chm v lm c c mu qua nhiu thng.
3) Khi ly mu kt ta, ngoi nhng yu cu ghi trong bng ny cn cn nhng ch trong TCVN
5667-8. V ly mu kt ta i hi nhiu ngy, cn ghi chp r thi gian bt u v kt thc. Cn c
quy jnh v ly mu kt ta ca tram ly mu cho thi ky thch hop. Thm cht n jnh hoc cht
mang nu thch hop cho cht cn xc jnh.
*h. l.c ]
(Thng tin)
T&i liu tham Jh"#

1 SO 5663:1994, Cht long nc - c jnh nito keldahl - Phong php sau khi v co ho vi
lelen.
2 SO 5664-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh amoni - Phong php chng ct v chun .
3 SO 5666-1:1983, Cht long nc - c jnh thu ngn tng s bng quang ph hp thu
nguyn t khng ngon la - Phn 1: Phong php sau khi v co ho vi permanganat - persunfat.
4 SO 5666-2:1983, Cht long nc - c jnh thu ngn tng s bng quang ph hp thu
nguyn t khng ngon la - Phn 2: Phong php sau khi v co ho bng tia cuc tm.
5 SO 5666-3:1994, Cht long nc - c jnh thu ngn tng s bng quang ph hp thu
nguyn t khng ngon la - Phn 3: Phong php sau khi v co ho vi brom.
6 SO 5813:1983, Cht long nc - c jnh oxi ho tan - Phong php iot.
7 SO 5814:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh oxi ho tan - Phong php in ho.
8 SO 5815:1989, Cht long nc - c jnh yu cu oxi ho sau 5 ngy (BOD5) - Phong
php pha long v cy .
9 SO 5961:1994, Cht long nc - c jnh cadmi bng quang ph hp thu nguyn t.
10 SO 6058:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh hm long canxi - Phong php chun EDTA.
11 SO 6059:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh tng s canxi v magie - Phong php chun
EDTA.
12 SO 6060:1989, Cht long nc - c jnh yu cu xi ho hoc.
13 SO 6222:1988, Cht long nc - m vi sinh vt sng - m tp on bng chng trong
hoc trn mi trng nui cy aga dinh dng.
14 SO 6332:1988, Cht long nc - c jnh st - Phong php trc quang dng1,1-
phenanthrolin.
15 SO 6333:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh mangan - Phong php trc quang dng
fomaldoxin.
16 SO 6439:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh chi s phenol - Phong php trc quang dng 4-
aminoantipyrin sau khi chng ct.
17 SO 6461-1:1986, Cht long nc - Pht hin v m bo t kh sulfit ym kh (clostridia) -
Phn 1: Phong php lm giu trong mi trng lng.
18 SO 6461-2:1986, Cht long nc - Pht hin v m bo t kh sulfit ym kh (clostridia) -
Phn 2: Phong php dng mng loc.
19 SO 6595:1982, Cht long nc - c jnh asen tng s - Phong php trc quang dng bac
dietyldithiocacbamat.
20 SO 6703-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh xianua - Phn 1: c jnh xianua tng s.
21 SO 6703-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh xianua - Phn 2: c jnh xianua d gii phng.
22 SO 6777:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh nitrit - Phong php quang ph hp thu phn t.
23 SO 6778:1994, Cht long nc - c jnh amoni - Phong php in th.
24 SO 6878:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh photpho - Phn 1: Phong php trc quang dng
amoni molipdat.
25 SO 7027:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh uc.
26 SO 7150-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh amoni - Phn 1: Phong php trc quang thng
thng.
27 SO 7150-2:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh amoni - Phn 2: Phong php trc quang tu
ng.
28 SO 7393-1:1985, Cht long nc - c jnh clo tu do v clo tng s - Phn 1: Phong php
chun dng N,N-dietyl-1,4-phenylendiamin.
29 SO 7393-2:1985, Cht long nc - c jnh clo tu do v clo tng s - Phn2: Phong php
trc quang dng N,N-dietyl-1,4-phenylendiamin cho muc ch kim tra thng ngy.
30 SO 7393-2:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh clo tu do v clo tng s - Phn 3: Phong php
chun iod xc jnh clo tng s.
31 SO 7828:1985, Cht long nc - Phong php ly mu sinh vt - Hng dn ly mu cc
sinh vt y khng xong sng ln bng vot.
32 SO 7875-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh cc cht hoat ng b mt - Phn 1: c jnh
cc cht b mt anion bng phong php trc quang dng xanh metylen.
33 SO 7875-2:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh cc cht hoat ng b mt - Phn 2: c jnh
cc cht b mt khng in dng thuc th Drazendorff (ragenof).
34 SO 7887:-----(1), Cht long nc - Kim tra v xc jnh mu.
35 SO 7888:1985, Cht long nc - c jnh dn in.
56 SO 7890-1:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh nitrat - Phn 1: Phong php trc quang dng
2,6 - dymetylphenol.
37 SO 7890-2:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh nitrat - Phn 2: Phong php trc quang dng
4-flophenol sau khi chng ct.
38 SO 7890-3:1988, Cht long nc - c jnh nitrat -Phn 3: Phong php trc quang dng
axit sulfosalicylic.
39 SO 7899-1:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh v m streptoccoci phn - Phn 1: Phong
php lm giu trong mi trng lng.
40 SO 7899-2:1984, Cht long nc - c jnh v m streptoccoci phn - Phn 2: Phong
php dng mng loc.
41 SO 7980:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh canxi v magie - Phong php quang ph hp
thu nguyn t.
42 SO 8245:1987, Cht long nc - Hng dn v xc jnh cacbon hu co tng s.
43 SO 8265:1988, Cht long nc - Trn v dng my ly jnh long cc sinh vt y khng
xong sng ln trn nn vng nc ngot nng.
44 SO 8288:1986, Cht long nc - c jnh coban, niken, ng, km, cadmi v ch - Phong
php quang ph hp thu nguyn t ngon la.
45 SO 8360-1:1988, Cht long nc - Pht hin v mPsedomonasaeruginosa - Phn 1:
Phong php lm giu trong mi trng lng.
46 SO 8360-2:1988, Cht long nc - Pht hin v mPsedomonasaeruginosa - Phn 2:
Phong php dng mng loc.
47 SO 8467:1993, Cht long nc - c jnh chi s permanganat.
48 SO 9174:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh crom tng s- Phong php quang ph hp thu
nguyn t .
49 SO 9298:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh sulfat - Phong php khi long dng bari
clorua.
50 SO 9297:1989, Cht long nc - c jnh clorua - Chun bng bac nitrat vi chi thj
cromat (Phong php Mohr).
51 SO 9308-1:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh v m sinh vt dang coli, sinh vt dang coli
chju nhit v coli.
Escherechia gi jnh - Phn 1: Phong php dng mng loc.
52 SO 9308-2:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh v m sinh vt dang coli, sinh vt dang coli
chju nhit v coli Escherichia gi jnh - Phn 2: Phong php nhiu ng nghim (s c th nht).
53 SO 9390:1990, Cht long nc - c jnh borat - Phong php trc quang dng azometin -
H.
54 SO 9391:1993, Cht long nc - Ly mu ng vt khng xong sng ln vng nc su
- Hng dn cch s dung by, cc my ly mu jnh tnh v jnh long.
55 SO 9526:1989, Cht long nc - c jnh cc halogen hu co c th bj hp phu (AO).
56 SO 9696:1992, Cht long nc - o hoat tnh alpha tng s trong nc khng mn -
Phong php ngun dy.
57 SO 9697:1992, Cht long nc - o hoat tnh beta tng s trong nc khng mn.
58 SO 9698:1989, Cht long nc - c jnh nng triti hoat ng - Phong php m cht
lng nhp nhy.
59 SO 9964-1:1993, Cht long nc - c jnh natri v kali - Phn 1: c jnh natri bng
quang ph hp thu nguyn t.
60 SO 9964-2:1993, Cht long nc - c jnh natri v kali - Phn 2: c jnh kali bng quang
ph hp thu nguyn t.
61 SO 9964-3:1993, Cht long nc - c jnh natri v kali - Phn 3: c jnh natrii v kali
bng quang ph pht xa ngon la.
62 SO 9965:1993, Cht long nc - c jnh selen - Phong php quang ph hp thu nguyn
t (k thut hidrua).
63 SO 10359-1:1992, Cht long nc - c jnh florua - Phn 1: Phong php in ho dng
cho nc ung v nc nhim nh.
1) ang xut bn ( sot ca SO 7887:1985) .
SC 13.060.40
Tm loc: nc, cht long, ly mu, loai th, bo qun, chuyn ch, nhng iu kin chung.

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